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''f^Sr'}  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES  {    «-»- 


ADMINISTRATION 
OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS 

REPORT 

BY  THE  COMMITTEE  ON  INSULAR  AFFAIRS 
OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES  OF 
ITS  INVESTIGATION  OF  THE  INTERIOR  DE- 
PARTMENT OF  THE  PHILIPPINE  GOVERN- 
MENT TOUCHING  THE  ADMINISTRATION  OF 
PHILIPPINE  LANDS  AND  ALL  MATTERS  OF 
FACT  AND  LAW  PERTAINING  THERETO,  IN 
PURSUANCE  OF  HOUSE  RESOLUTION  NO.  795 


(IN    TWO   VOLUMES) 

VOLUME  1 


March  3,  1911.— Submitted  by  Mr.  Olmsted,  from  the  Committee  on  Insular 
Affairs,  and  ordered  to  be  printed.    (To  accompany  H.  Res.  795) 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

1911 


nil 


COMMITTEE  ON  INSULAR  AFFAIRS. 
SIXTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


Maelin  E.  Olmsted, 
Edoab  D.  Crumpackeb,  Ind. 
Edwakd  L.  Hamilton,  Mich.— 
Chablbs  E.  Puller,  III, 
Elbebt  H.  Hubbard,  Iowa. 
William  H.  Gbaham,  Pa. 
Hebbebt  Pabsons,  N,  Y. 
Duncan  E.  McKinlay,  Oal.   *• 
Chables  R.  Davis,  Minn. 
E.  H.  Madison,  Kans. 
Chables  N.  Fowleb,  N.  J. 

H.  C.  HouTz,  Clerk, 

(u) 


Pa.,  Chairman. 

Albebt  Douglas,  Ohio. 
William  A.  Jones,  Va. 
Robebt  N.  Page,  N.  C. 
Finis  J.  Gaebett,  Tenn. 
Matt  R.  Denveb,  Ohio. 
Chables  V.  Fobnes,  N.  Y. 
Habvey  Helm,  Ky. 
Attebson  W.  Ruckeb,  Colo. 
TuLio  Labbinaga,  Pobto  Rico. 


ADMINISTRATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


In  pursuance  of  House  Resolution  No.  795,  adopted  on  the  25th 
day  or  June,  1910,  the  last  day  of  the  second  session  of  the  Sixty-first 
Congress,  and  reading  as  follows : 

Whereas  it  has  been  publicly  charged  that  sales  and  leases  of  public  lands  have  been 
made  in  the  Philippines  in  violation  of  law:  Now  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  House  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  be,  and  it  is  hereby,  empow- 
ered and  directed  to  make  a  complete  and  thorough  investigation  of  the  interior  depart- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Government  touching  the  administration  of  Philippine  lands 
and  all  matters  of  fact  and  law  pertaining  thereto,  whether  the  same  are  to  be  had  in 
the  United  States,  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  elsewhere,  and  to  report  to  the  House 
during  this  Congress  all  the  evidence  taken  and  their  findings  and  recommendations 
thereon;  that  in  conducting  said  inquiry  said  committee  shall  have  power  to  subpa?na 
and  require  the  attendance  of  witnesses,  to  administer  oaths,  to  require  the  production 
of  books,  papers,  and  documents,  whether  of  a  public  or  private  character,  and  to 
employ  necessary  assistance,  legal  or  otherwise,  and  make  necessary  expenditures,  the 
cost  of  said  investigation  to  be  paid  out  of  the  contingent  fund  of  the  House.  The  pow- 
ers hereby  conferred  may  be  exercised  while  the  House  is  in  session  or  during  the  recess 
of  Congress  by  the  committee  or  any  duly  appointed  subcommittee  thereof. 

the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs,  having  made  the  required  investi- 
gation, submits  the  following  report: 

We  have  called  before  us  and  examined  at  length  the  following 
officers  of  the  Philippine  Government:  Capt.  Charles  H.  Sleeper, 
director  of  the  bureau  of  lands;  Dean  C.  Worcester,  secretary  of  the 
interior;  Frank  W.  Carpenter,  executive  secretary;  and  Ignacio  Vil- 
lamor,  attorney  general;  also  Rafael  Del-Pan,  the  leading  counsel 
employed  by  the  rhihppine  Government  in  connection  with  the  titles 
to  friar  lands.  *  We  required  also  to  be  brought  here  the  records  of 
the  Philippine  Government  touching  land  sales,  from  which  records 
much  information  was  furnished  by  the  Philippine  officials  above 
named.  We  also  called  and  examined  John  Henry  Hammond, 
Horace  Havemeyer,  Charles  J.  Welch,  and  Carl  A.  De  Gersdorff,  and 
caused  to  be  produced  for  examination  the  books  of  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  We  examined  also  E.  L.  Poole,  manager  of  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.,  9f  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co.,  the 
San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co.,  and  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co., 
and  of  the  San  Jose  estate;  also  Col.  Frank  J.  McInt37Te,  assistant  Chief 
of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  Aaron  Gove,  and  Manuel  L.  Quezon, 
one  of  the  Resident  Commissioners  to  the  United  States  from  the 
Phihppine  Islands. 

These  witnesses,  after  thorough  examination  by  members  of  the 
committee,  were  also,  by  permission  of  the  committee,  examined  by 

m 


IV  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHII^IPPINE  LANDS. 

Representative  Martin,  of  Colorado,  the  author  of  the  resolution.  Mr. 
J.  H.  Ralston,  counsel  for  the  Anti-Imperialist  League  of  Boston, 
submitted  in  writing  such  questions  as  he  desired,  and  they  were  pro- 

Eounded  by  members  of  the  committee.     He  also  submitted  a  brief, 
[any  days  were  consumed  in  the  taking  of  testimony,  all  of  which  is 
submitted  herewith  and  as  part  hereof. 

The  lands  of  the  Philippine  Islands  may,  for  the  purposes  of  this 
report,  be  divided  into  three  classes: 

1.  Private  lands. — Lands  which,  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  the 
act  of  Congress  entitled  ^'An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the 
administration  of  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  for  other  purposes,^'  approved  July  1,  1902,  and  commonly  called 
the  ''Organic  act,^^  were,  and  still  are,  in  the  private  ownership  of 
individuals  or  corporations  as  distinguished  from  Government  owner- 
ship of  any  kind.     They  are  estimated  at  7,000,000  acres. 

2.  Public  lands. — These  are  lands  which  belonged  to  the  Spanish 
Crown,  and  by  the  treaty  of  Paris  became  the  property  of  the  United 
States.     They  are  estimated  to  contain  about  60,000,000  acres. 

3.  Friar  la^nds. — These  wxre  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  the 
organic  act  in  the  private  ownership  of  certain  religious  orders, 
from  whom,  under  authority  of  the  said  act,  they  were  subsequently 
purchased  by  the  Philippine  Government.  They  cover  about 
400,000  acres.  They  cost  the  Philippine  government,  in  round 
numbers,  $7,000,000,  and  bonds  to  that  amount  were  issued  to  pro- 
vide the  funds  for  their  purchase. 


LIMITATION    UPON    CORPORATE   HOLDING   OF   LANDS. 

Section  75  of  the  organic  act  provides  as  follows: 

Sec.  75.  That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying 
and  selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may 
be  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created, 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be 
restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four 
hectares  of  land;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in 
agriculture  or  mining  and  for  any  corporation  organized  for  any  purpose  except  irri- 
gation to  be  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or 
m  mining.  Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and 
purchase  real  estate  when  necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose 
of  real  estate  so  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title.  Corporations  not 
organized  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein  shall  be  bound  by  the 
provisions  of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable. 

This  is  a  general  provision  and  applies  equally  to  private  lands 
public  lands,  and  friar  lands. 

There  is  no  limit  to  the  amount  of  private  lands  which  may  be  ac- 
quired or  owned  by  natural  persons. 

Public  lands  acquired  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of 
peace  with  Spain  may  not  be  sold  by  the  Philippine  Government  in 
quantities  exceeding  16  hectares  to  one  person  or  1,024  hectares  to  any 
corporation  or  association  of  persons.  A  hectare  is  equal  to  about  2^ 
acres. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  V 

There  have  been  62  sales  of  pubHc  lands  made  by  the  Philippine 
Government  since  the  passage  of  the  organic  act  of  1902,  covering 
an  area  of  14,790  acres.  Ten  of  these  purchasers  were  corporations, 
whose  purchases  aggregated  13,177  acres.  Owing  to  the  restric- 
tions on  the  sale  of  public  lands,  or  for  some  other  reason,  there  have 
been  only  52  sales  to  individuals  in  tracts  of  40  acres  or  less,  their  pur- 
chases aggregating  1,612  acres  out  of  the  total  of  some  60,000,000 
acres  offered  for  sale.  In  no  single  instance  has  there  been  more  than 
16  hectares  of  public  lands  sold  to  a  single  person  or  1,024  hectares 
to  a  corporation  or  association  of  persons. 

There  is  no  manner  of  doubt  that  the  organic  act  limits  to  16  hec- 
tares, or  40  acres,  the  amount  of  public  land  which  one  person  may 
acquire.  Does  that  limitation  extend  to  friar  lands  ?  That  question, 
which  will  presently  be  discussed,  is  the  most  important  one  involved 
in  this  inquiry. 

There  have  been  made  8,393  sales  of  friar  lands.  Of  these  sales 
82  involve  amounts  in  excess  of  16  hectares,  or  40  acres  each. 

The  following  table  shows  the  name  of  each  purchaser,  the  name  of 
the  friar-land  estate,  the  number  of  hectares  purchased  (omitting 
fractions),  and  the  sale  price  in  pesos,  2  pesos  being  equal  to  $1  in 
value: 

Friar  lands  sales  of  more  than  16  hectares  to  one  person. 


Purchasers. 


Adriana  Sevillana 

Victoria  Rallos 

Juan  P.  Gordoro 

Anacleto  Reyes 

Jacinto  Ycasiano 

Augustin  Mariano 

Policarpio  de  Jesus 

Pedro  G.  Gonzales 

Monica  Galvez 

Claro  Castro 

Lazaro  Buktaw 

Manuel  Casal 

Conrado  Ayllon 

Eustaquio  Avendano 

Antonio  Alva 

Gervacio  Alejandrino 

Benigno  Angelo 

Juan  Alano 

Cayetano  Bernardo 

Pedro  Bernardo 

Doroteo  Bulaong 

Pedro  Dimagiba 

Pedro  Figueroa  y  Manalo. . 

Rosenda  Mendoza 

Andres  Pascual 

Martina  Rodrigo 

Geronimo  Angeles 

Remigio  Bautista 

Marcelo  Buenaventura 

Arcadio  Constantino 

Patricio  Cuerpo 

Esteban  Daes , 

Faustino  Duke 

Rayraundo  Duran , 

Estanislao  Francisco , 

Florencio  Gregorio 

Patricia  Miranda 

Roman  Ramos 

Nemesio  Delfin  Santiago.., 

Gualberto  Santos , 

Pascuala  Serrano 


Estate. 


Banilad 

do 

do 

Danipol 

---.do 

do 

do 

do 

-.-.do 

-.-.do 

--..do 

do 

-.-.do 

do 

do 

--..do 

do 

Guiguinto.. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

.--.do 

do..... 

do 

Malinta 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 


Total 
area. 


Hectares. 
19 
25 
18 
39 
26 
39 
20 
59 
63 
24 
43 
127 
44 
65 
20 
37 
38 
26 
27 
19 
17 
19 
17 
53 
19 
29 
16 
29 
41 
31 
30 
46 
25 
16 
17 
16 
37 
19 
49 
18 
39 


Price. 


PI,  184. 58 
1, 509. 84 

25, 995.  91 
6,633.97 
4,869.13 
6,964.26 
3, 679. 22 

10,999.41 

11, 764.  09 
4,818.11 
7, 644. 14 

24,372.71 
8,114.78 

12,306.07 
3,577.86 
7,001.00 
6, 798.  00 
5, 015.  44 
5,803.38 
4,038.00 
3,583.88 
3,877.00 
3, 194. 98 

10, 163.  04 
3,621.99 
6,037.91 
2,270.18 
2,967.64 
5,784.12 
7,445.32 
6,295.64 
9,926.26 
6,068.18 
2,800.72 
1,360.72 
2,156.96 

13,136.20 
2,795.12 
9,266.42 
2,527.16 
6,748.38 


VI  ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPHSTE  LANDS. 

Friar  lands  sales  of  more  than  16  hectares  to  one  person — Continued. 


Purchasers. 


Estate. 


Total 
area. 


Price. 


Tiburcio  Serrano 

Rufino  D.  Valenzuela 

Joaquina  Lanson 

Vicente  Rodriguez 

Esperanza  Monjon 

Macario  Santos 

F.  J.  Banyea  and  Joseph  PoUacek. 

Estanislao  Espeleta 

Bayanan  plantation  syndicate 

E.  L.  Poole 

Francisco  Mendoza 

Leonardo  Alagabre 

Francisca  Alineda 

Petronila  Almodovar 

Francisco  Arambulo 

Florencio  Baillon 

Angel  Bantatua 

Sotero  Battallanes 

Narciso  Batiller *. 

Doroteo  Carteciano 

Gregorio  Carteciano 

Petrona  Gomez 

Antonio  G  onzales 

Francisco  Gonzales 

Ursula  de  Guzman 

Teodorico  Layon 

Marcelo  Leyco , 

Antonio  Lijauco 

Emilio  Lijauco 

Teodora  Lijauco 

Nicolas  Limcaoco 

Maria  Manguerra 

Z.  K.Miller 

Tumas  Nepomoceno 

Pablo  Perlas 

Pedro  Perlas 

Viturina  de  los  Reyes 

Delfin  Vallejo 

Ponciano  Vallejo 

Andres  Zavalla 

Angel  Zavalla 


Malinta 

do 

Orion 

--..do 

--..do 

do 

Muntinlupa., 

do , 

do 

San  Jose 

San  Marcos . . 
Santa  Rosa . . 

do 

....do 

....do 

.--.do 

.-..do , 

do , 

do 

---.do , 

---.do 

.--.do , 

do , 

do , 

-.-.do , 

---.do , 

....do 

--..do , 

....do , 

....do 

-...do , 

....do , 

--..do 

....do , 

.-..do , 

do.. 

do 

....do 

-.-.do 

do 

..-.do 


Hectares. 
22 
21 
19 
22 
21 
74 

308 
42 

123 
22, 484 
87 
23 
72 
15 
20 
24 
33 
24 
66 
60 
36 
17 
35 
18 
47 
18 
20 
22 
36 
24 
19 
22 
66 
29 
46 

121 
34 
32 
16 

120 
51 


P3,937.76 
3,875.00 
3,078.93 
3, 493. 82 
2,753.72 
1,244.37 

10,740.32 

2,953.P0 

4,133.00 

734,000.00 

14, 839. 50 
5, 988. 76 

15,968.09 
3,653.52 
.  5, 572.  52 
5, 189.  72 
7, 574. 40 
4, 702. 44 

13, 126. 80 
9, 794.  32 
8,907.80 
4, 232. 88 
8,530.76 
4, 475. 80 

11,995.80 
4, 621.  24 
6, 070. 84 
5, 762. 64 
8, 510.  36 
6, 424. 20 
3,732.00 
5, 248.  36 

12,774.64 
7, 726. 32 

10, 010.  32 

23,542.62 

7, 376. 16 

8, 180.  36 

369.  40 

29, 929.  78 

11,849.68 


Of  the  82  persons  who  have  thus  purchased  more  than  16  hectares 
each  of  friar  lands,  78  are  FiHpinos  and  4  are  Americans.  Four  hun- 
dred and  ninety-two  persons  have  outstanding  leases  of  more  than  16 
hectares  each  of  friar  lands.  Four  hundred  and  seventy-five  of  such 
lessees  are  Filipinos,  15  are  Americans,  and  2  Englishmen.  The  most 
of  these  leases  are  for  one  year.  A  few  of  them  are  for  shorter  (p.  208) 
and  a  few  for  longer  periods.  Some  of  them  contain  specific  options 
to  purchase,  as  in  the  case  of  Gen.  Emilio  Aguinaldo,  who  acquired 
possession  of  1,050  hectares  under  a  lease  with  an  option  to  purchase, 
and  as  construed  by  the  officials  of  the  Philippine  Government 
every  lease  of  friar  lands  involves  an  option  to  purchase.  If  any 
of  tnese  sales  or  leases  in  excess  of  16  hectares  to  one  person  were 
illegal  they  were  all  illegal  whether  the  purchasers  were  Filipinos 
or  Americans. 

The  principal  sale  of  friar  lands,  the  one  which  had  attracted  most 
attention,  and  the  one  which  led  to  the  introduction  and  passage  of 
this  resolution  of  inquiry,  was  the  sale  to  E.  L.  Poole,  of  the  San  Jose 
estate,  on  the  island  of  Mindoro,  comprising  22,484  hectares. 


ADMIIsriSTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  VII 

THE    FRIAR   LANDS. 

The  so-called  friar  lands  were  for  a  long  time  owned  by  certain  reli- 
gious orders.  They  covered,  as  already  stated,  about  400,000  acres. 
About  one-half  of  them  were  unoccupied  and  practically  untenanted. 
The  other  half  was  very  thickly  peopled.  The  tenants  and  their  sub- 
tenants, with  their  families  and  servants,  numbered  more  than 
161,000.  The  friars  were  persons  of  great  power  and  influence  in 
their  respective  communities  and  were  supposed  to  be  in  close  touch 
with  the  Spanish  Government.  This  and  the  allegation  that  they 
were  oppressive  landlords  led  to  their  being  driven  from  their  parishes 
to  Manila  during  the  insurrection  against  Spain,  which  preceded  the 
Spanish- American  War.  When  that  war  had  ceased  and  peace  been 
restored  the  friars  sought  possession  of  their  lands.  The  tenants 
themselves  setting  up  claims  of  ownership  refused  either  to  pay  rent 
or  to  surrender  possession. 

Where  such  powerful  interests  and  so  many  persons  were  concerned, 
the  situation  was  very  difficult  and  threatened  the  peace  of  the 
islands. 

To  correct  and  cure  these  evils.  Congress,  in  the  act  of  1902,  which 
will  be  discussed  a  little  later,  provided  for  the  purchase  of  these 
lands  by  the  Philippine  Government,  with  authority  to  borrow  money 
for  that  purpose,  issue  bonds  to  the  amount  thereof,  and,  the  friar 
titles  being  thus  acquired,  to  sell  the  lands  and  apply  the  proceeds  to 
the  redemption  of  the  bonds — the  occupants  being  given  the  prefer- 
ence in  the  matter  of  purchase.  The  negotiations  with  the  friars 
were  largely  conducted  by  William  H.  Taft,  now  President  of  the 
United  States,  but  then  Governor  General  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 
It  is  a  matter  of  history  that,  for  the  purpose  of  securing  the  relin- 
quishment of  the  friar  titles,  he  visited  and  conferred  with  the  Pope 
at  Rome.  There  were  certain  of  the  unoccupied  friar  lands  which  the 
Government  was  not  very  anxious  to  purchase,  but  the  friars  would 
not  sell  the  others  without  them,  so  they  were  taken  along  with  the 
rest,  but  at  lower  prices. 

THE  SALE  OF  THE  SAN  JOSE  ESTATE. 

The  largest  unoccupied  tract  of  friar  land  acquired  by  the  Philip- 
pine Government  was  the  vSan  Jose  estate,  situated  in  the  south- 
western part  of  the  island  of  Mindoro,  and  having  an  area  of  22,484 
hectares,  or  a  little  over  56,000  acres.  This  large  unoccupied  tract 
the  friars  had  insisted  should  be  included  along  with  the  thickly 
populated  estates,  and  the  Government  deemed  it  wise,  in  any  event, 
to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  departure  of  the  friars  from  the  islands 
and  to  prevent  their  return  to  their  estates,  which  latter  reason 
afforded  additional  cause  for  the  purchase. 

The  island  of  Mindoro  is  distant  about  165  nautical  miles  from 
Manila,  requiring  about  24  hours  to  make  the  trip.  The  whole 
island  contains  something  more  than  2,500,000  acres.  Although 
the  land  is  said  to  be  fertile,  only  about  one-third  of  1  per  cent  of  it  is 
under  cultivation.  About  4  per  cent  of  the  total  area  of  the 
island  is  in  private  ownership,  and  the  remainder,  with  the  exception 
of  the  San  Jos6  estate,  is  public  land,  offered  for  sale  at  about  $2 
per  acre.     The  original  cost  of  this  estate  to  the  Philippine  Govern- 


VIII  ADMIISriSTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

ment  was  $298,782.07.     It  was  producing  no  revenue,   but  cost- 
ing something  for  care  and  attention.     The  interest  upon  the  bonds 
representing  the  cost  price  was  also  a  very  considerable  item.     Under 
these  circumstances,  the  Government  ofRcials  were  anxious  to  effect  a 
sale  as  soon  as  possible,  and  the  limitations,  which  the  original  Philip- 
pine friar  lands  act  imposed  upon  sales,  having  been  removed  by  a  sub- 
sequent amendment,  they  issued  a  prospectus,  offered  the  estate  for 
sale,  and  at  every  opportunity  brought  it  to  the  attention  of  persons 
whom  they  thought  might  become  purchasers.     The  first  person  whom  /; 
they  were  able  to  induce  to  visit  the  estate,  with  the  idea  of  purchase,  '. 
was  J.  Montgomery  Strong,  a  banker  of  Little  Falls,  N.  J.,  who  went  ] 
there  in  March,  1909,  and  who,  it  now  appears,  represented  Horace  ) 
Havemeyer  and  Charles  J.  Welch,  the  latter  being  his  relative  by 
marriage.     He  did  not  disclose  to  the  Philippine  officials  the  names 
of  those  whom  he  represented.     Up  to  that  time  no  offer  had  been 
made  for  any  portion  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  nor  had  a  single  acre  of 
public  land  been  sold  on  the  island.     Mr.  Strong  did  not  report  very 
favorably  to  his  clients  upon  the  San  Jose  estate,  but  recommended 
the  purchase  of  certain  private  lands  situated  near  thereto,  and  which 
could  be  had  at  lower  prices. 

Mr.  John  Henry  Hammond,  a  prominent  New  York  attorney,  was 
employed  by  Horace  Havemeyer  on  behalf  of  himself,  Charles  J. 
¥7elch,  and  Senff  to  investigate  and  report  upon  the  Philippine  land 
laws,  particularly  as  touching  the  rights  of  corporations  in  the  islands. 
He  called  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  in  Washington,  and,  in  the 
absence  of  Gen.  Clarence  Edwards,  chief  of  the  bureau,  had  a  con- 
versation with  the  assistant  chief,  Col.  Frank  Mclntyre.  In  that 
conversation  he  in  some  way  gained  the  impression  that  there  was  a 
limitation  upon  the  amount  of  friar  land  which  could  or  would  be  sold 
to  a  single  purchaser.  Col.  Mclntyre  testifies  that  he  never  inten- 
tionally gave  such  an  impression,  except  as  to  purchases  by  corpora- 
tions. He  understood  that  they  could  hold  only  1,024  hectares,  but 
the  department  had  always  understood  that  since  the  amendment  to 
the  friar  lands  act  there  was  no  limit  to  the  amount  which  could  be 
sold  to  individuals. 

Mr.  Hammond  testifies  that  his  clients  had  contemplated  the  pur- 
chase of  private  lands.  ^  'There  was,  ^^  he  says,  ^ ^the  question  of  occu- 
pancv  and  whether  occupancy  had  ripened  into  title  or  not,  and  my 
recollection  is  that  where  lands  had  been  occupied  for  a  certain  num- 
ber of  years  and  you  could  not  prove  actual  title,  that  by  going  to  the 
Government  it  would  perfect  the  title  in  some  manner.  I  can  not  tell 
you  exactly  what  it  was,  because  I  did  not  go  into  it  from  the  stand- 
point of  the  legal  title;  I  was  taking  it  largely  from  what  Mr.  Welch 
said,  what  he  appeared  to  know,  that  it  was  defective  in  some  way, 
but  could  be  cured,''  and  that  ^'I  know  it  was  mentioned,  and  I 
remember  particularly  that  there  were  some  questions  about  the 
title,  and  a  title  that  might  be  cured  by  Government  action,  because 
that  was  one  of  the  determining  factors  in  my  mind  as  to  whether 
my  firm  had  better  withdraw,  because  we  might  have  to  go,  on  their 
behalf,  to  Government  officials  and  ask  to  have  this  defective  title 
cured''  (741);  and  further,  that  ^'I  came  to  the  conclusion  that,  by 
reason  of  the  fact  that  I  am  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Strong  &  Cada- 
walader,  of  which  Mr.  Henry  W.  Taft,  brother  of  the  President  of  the 


ADMTNISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  '      IX 

United  States,  is  also  a  member,  it  would  be  inadvisable  for  me  to 
act  for  these  gentlemen  in  connection  with  their  proposed  purchase 
of  either  public  lands  or  friar  lands  or  lands  in  the  Philippines  to 
which  the  title  was  defective/'  He  says,  ^^My  firm  as  a  firm  really 
had  nothing  to  do  with  the  matter;  I  was  the  only  member  who 
knew  anything  whatever  about  it,  except  the  two  letters  which  I 
wrote  to  Mr.  Taft  on  the  subject,  in  which  I  discussed  with  him  the 
advisability  of  our  acting  for  these  gentlemen.  I  entirely  severed 
my  connection  with  the  matter  on  the  29th  of  September,  1909. '' 
The  legal  end  of  the  matter  was  then  intrusted  to  Mr.  Carl  A.  DeGers- 
dorff ,  a  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Cravath,  Henderson  &  De  Gersdorff . 

Mr.  J.  Montgomery  Strong,  of  whom  mention  has  been  made,  was 
not  a  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Strong  &  Cadawalader  and  is  not  a 
lawyer  at  all,  but  a  banker.  Mr.  Hammond  testifies  that  the  original 
purpose  of  his  clients  was  to  form  a  corporation  for  the  purpose  of 
purchasing  lands  in  the  Philippines;  but,  having  examined  the  law 
m  that  regard,  he  advised  adversely.  He  says:  ^'My  recollection  is, 
roughly,  that  you  could  not  prevent,  under  the  treaty  with  Spain,  an 
individual  Filipino  from  selling  his  lands  to  anybody  whom  he 
pleased,  but  that  whether  a  corporation  could  hold  it  after  it  got  it 
was  another  matter.     My  clients  did  not  want  any  doubtful  titles. '' 

The  purchase  of  private  lands  seems  to  have  been  abandoned,  as 
well  as  the  purchase  of  public  lands,  and  the  parties  finally  determined 
to  purchase  the  friar  lands  embraced  in  what  is  known  as  the  San 
Jose  estate. 

October  12,  1909,  E.  L.  Poole  and  P.  A.  Prentiss  called  at  the  office 
of  the  director  of  lands  in  Manila,  and  informed  him  that  they  were 
contemplating  the  purchase  of  certain  private  lands  in  the  island  of 
Mindoro  for  the  purpose  of  embarking  in  the  sugar  business.  The 
director  of  lands  endeavored  to  interest  Mr.  Poole  in  the  San  Jose 
estate,  and  was  told  that  their  attorney  had  been  informed  at  Wash- 
ington that  friar  lands  could  not  be  purchased  in  large  tracts.  The 
secretary  of  the  interior  showed  them  the  law  upon  the  subject  and 
persuaded  them  to  visit  the  estate.  Mr.  Poole  informed  the  director 
of  lands  that  he  represented  Mr.  Welch,  of  W^elch  &  Co.  After 
visiting  the  estate,  Mr.  Poole  expressed  a  desire  to  purchase  it, 
subject  to  the  opinion  of  his  attorney  as  to  the  power  of  the  Gov- 
ernment to  give  title.  The  question  having  been  raised,  the  director 
of  lands  obtained  the  opinion  of  the  law  officer  of  his  bureau,  and  on 
the  12th  of  October,  1909,  requested  also  the  opinion  of  the  attorney 
general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  as  to  the  authority  to  sell  vacant 
and  unoccupied  friar  lands  to  an  individual  without  restriction  as  to 
purchase,    ^oth  of  these  decided  in  favor  of  the  power  to  sell. 

Mr.  Poole  having  concluded  to  purchase  the  San  Jose  estate,  a 
sale  certificate  was  issued  to  him  setting  forth  that  the  Government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  had,  upon  the  23d  day  of  November,  1909, 
'^agreed  to  sell  to  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  a  resident  of  the  city  of  Manila, 
Philippine  Islands,  or  his  nominees, '^  the  San  Jose  estate,  containing 
22,484  hectares,  for  which  he  was  to  pay  734,000  pesos  in  installments, 
the  first  payment  of  42,875  pesos  to  be  made  January  4,  1910,  as  of 
which  date  the  sale  was  to  become  effective,  and  the  unpaid  balance 
to  be  paid  in  19  equal  annual  installments  of  36,375  pesos  each,  with 


X  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

interest  at  4  per  cent  per  annum.  Upon  the  payment  of  42,975 
pesos  January  4,  1910,  the  Government  was  to  convey  to  Poole  or 
nis  nominees  ^'200  hectares,  to  be  designated  by  the  vendee,  in  a 
single  tract  ^^  within  the  limits  of  the  estate,  the  balance  thereof 
to  be  conveyed  ^'upon  completion  of  the  payment  of  the  purchase 
price  as  hereinbefore  stated,  together  with  all  accrued  interest/' 
That  certificate,  although  made  out  November  23,  1909,  was  not 
signed  by  the  secretary  of  the  interior  of  the  Philippines  until  a 
later  date,  he  having  received  a  cablegram  from  the  Chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  stating  that  the  Secretary  of  War  desired 
information  by  cable  with  reference  to  the  proposed  sale,  and  that  it 
should  not  be  consummated  until  he  had  considered  the  question. 
December  4,  1909,  the  Governor  General  was  informed  by  cable 
that  the  Secretary  of  War  approved  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose 
estate,  and  that,  at  the  request  of  counsel  for  the  purchasers,  the 
question  of  the  right  of  the  Philippine  Government  to  sell  would  be 
submitted  at  once  to  the  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  for 
his  opinion.  This  submission  was  at  the  request  of  Mr.  De  Gersdorff , 
counsel  for  the  intended  purchasers.  The  opinion  of  the  Attorney 
General  in  favor  of  the  power  to  sell  accompanies  this  report.  The 
law  officer  of  the  bureau  of  lands  and  the  attorney  general  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  already  had  decided  in  favor  of  the  power  to  sell. 

The  amount  originally  paid  for  this  estate  by  the  Philij)pine 
Government  was  $298,782.07.  The  price  fixed  in  sale  certificate 
No.  1,  above  referred  to,  was  $367,000  (734,000  pesos). 

The  Governor  General,  having  learned  that  the  Bureau  of  Insular 
Affairs  at  Washington  had  questioned  the  authority  for  such  a  sale, 
officers  cabled  the  Secretary  of  War  at  Washington  as  follows: 

[Translation  of  cablegram  received.] 

October  22,  1909. 
Secretary  of  War,  Washington: 

Prentis  and  Poole  desire  to  purchase  unoccupied  sugar  lands  on  San  Jose  Mar 
estates,  Mindoro;  say  Hammond  was  informed  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  an 
individual  can  not  purchase  more  than  40  acres  friar  lands.  Can  not  understand  this, 
as  acts  1847  and  1933  were  passed  amending  friar-land  act  to  give  Government  right 
to  sell  vacant  friar  lands  without  restriction  as  to  area.  Attorney  general  concurs  in 
the  opinion  that  this  has  been  accomplished.  Please  confirm  by  telegraph  to  satisfy 
these  gentlemen. 

Forbes. 

On  the  same  day  Col.  Mclntyre  wrote  Mr.  Hammond,  correcting 
the  impression  which  he  seemed  to  have  received,  and  calling  atten- 
tion to  the  law,  which,  he  claimed,  made  it  clear  that  friar  estates 
may  be  sold  to  individuals  without  limitation  as  to  area.  Mr.  Ham- 
mond replied  that  he  had  withdrawn  from  the  case. 

January  4,  1910,  Mr.  Poole  made  the  down  payment  of  42,875 
pesos;  sale  certificate  No.  1  was  canceled  and  sale  certificates  Nos. 
2  and  3  issued  in  lieu  thereof.  Sale  certificate  No.  2  covered  all  of 
the  San  Jose  estate  ^^  except  a  tract  of  4,200  hectares  of  said  hacienda, 
which  is  the  subject  of  sale  certificate  No.  3  executed  by  the  parties 
hereto  contemporaneously  herewith,  to  which  reference  is  hereby 
made.^'  Sale  certificate  No.  3  covered  the  remaining  4,200  hectares 
of  the  estate,  and  located  the  same  according  to  a  description  therein 
contained,  with  the  provision,  however,  that  the  ''foregoing  descrip- 
tion is  provisional,  and  shall  be  altered,  if  necessary,  to  conform  to  tne 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XI 

wishes  of  the  vendee,  who  shall  be  entitled,  at  any  time  within  six 
months  of  the  date  of  this  instrument,  to  change  the  description,  or 
to  substitute  for  the  land  above  described''  other  lands  within  the 
estate.  Subsequently,  sale  certificate  No.  3  was  amended  so  as  to 
give  the  definite  and  agreed  description  of  the  4,200  hectares.  Sale 
certificates  Nos.  2  and  3  provide  the  same  aggregate  consideration 
and  terms  of  sale  as  certincate  No.  1.  In  sale  certificate  No.  1  the 
Government  agreed  to  sell  to  E.  L.  Poole  '^or  his  nominees."  In 
the  other  certificates  the  language  is  ^^his  corporate  or  individual 
nominees.''     Sale  certificate  No.  2  provides  that: 

If,  before  the  final  conveyance  of  said  land  by  the  vendor,  the  vendee  shall  transfer 
or  assign  his  interest  in  all  or  any  part  thereof  to  one  or  more  assignees,  then  this  agree- 
ment shall  be  canceled  as  to  the  part  or  parts  so  transferred  or  assigned  and  new  agree- 
ments of  like  tenor  executed  by  and  between  the  vendor  and  such  assignees,  and  the 
balance  of  the  purchase  price  then  remaining  unpaid,  together  with  accrued  interest 
thereon,  shall  be  apportioned  to  the  vendee  and  his  assignees,  according  to  area. 

In  pursuance  of  that  provision  Mr.  Poole  subsequently  designated 
the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  as  his  assignee  of  200  hectares,  and  on 
November  7,  1910,  the  Philippine  Government  issued  to  that  com- 
pany a  deed  for  that  amount  of  land.  The  balance  of  the  estate  still 
stands  in  the  name  of  Edward  L.  Poole;  but  it  appears  from  the  evi- 
dence before  the  committee  that,  on  the  9th  day  of  March,  1910,  he 
executed  a  deed  of  trust,  setting  forth  that,  in  making  the  purchase, 
he  was  acting  as  the  agent  of  Horace  Havemeyer,  Charles  J.  Welch, 
and  Charles  H.  Senft  (Senff),  who  furnished  him  the  money  with 
which  he  paid  for  the  property,  and  in  which  he  agrees  ^^  to  convey  the 
said  property  to  such  persons,  firms,  or  corporations  as  the  said  per- 
sons shall  from  time  to  time  direct/' 

Horace  Havemeyer  is  a  young  man  24  years  of  age.  He  was  at 
the  time  of  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate  a  director  of  the 
American  Sugar  Refining  Co.,  the  so-called  Sugar  Trust,  but  severed 
his  connection  with  that  company  January  1,  1911.  His  father, 
who  had  been  the  president  of  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co., 
had  no  interest  in  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  having  died 
before  that  transaction  was  entered  into  by  his  son.  Neither  the 
young  man  nor  his  father's  estate  are  at  the  present  time  stockholders 
m  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.,  and  the  inference  from  his 
testimony  is  that  the  relations  between  him  and  that  company  are 
somewhat  strained. 

Charles  J.  Welch,  one  of  the  purchasers  of  the  San  Jose  estate, 
has  never  been  an  officer,  agent,  or  director  of  the  American  Sugar 
Refining  Co.,  and  is  not  a  stockholder  therein. 

Charles  H.  Senff  is  a  retired  business  man  of  advanced  age.  He 
had  at  one  time  been  vice  president  of  the  American  Sugar  Refining 
Co.,  but  retired  from  that  position  some  years  ago,  and  on  the  1st 
of  January,  1908  or  1909,  ceased  to  be  a  director. 

The  familiarity  of  the  public  with  the  names  Havemeyer  and 
Senff  for  a  number  of  years  in  connection  with  the  American  Sugar 
Refining  Co.  gave  rise  to  the  impression,  widely  circulated,  that  the 
purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate  was  made  by,  or  either*  directly  or 
indirectly  in  the  interest  of,  the  Sugar  Trust.  It  appears,  however, 
from  the  emphatic  and  uncontradicted  testimony  m  the  case,  that 
the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  was  not  in  any  way  whatever, 
directly  or  indirectly,  concerned  in  the  purchase,  and  that  it  is  not 


XII  ADMINISTRATIOH   OF   PHILIPPIKE  LANDS. 

engaged  in  the  production  of  cane  and  manufacture  of  the  juice  into 
raw  sugar,  but  so  far  as  cane  sugar  is  concerned  confines  its  opera- 
tions to  the  purchase  of  raw  sugar  and  the  refining  thereof.  It  also 
owns  stock  in  corporations  manufacturing  beet  sugar. 

It  would  seem  from  the  evidence  that,  w4th  the  exception  of  Horace 
Havemeyer,  the  directors  of  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  had 
no  knowledge  of  the  purchase  of  the  Sun  Jose  estate  until  they  read 
of  it  in  the  newspapers,  when  they  expressed  dissatisfaction  that  one 
of  the  directors  should  have  been  concerned  in  the  purchase. 

Charles  J.  Welch  is  vice  president  and  the  owner  of  about  20  per 
cent  of  the  stock  of  Welch  &  Co.,  a  California  corporation  domg 
a  commission  business  in  sugar.  The  Welch  family  own  50  per  cent 
of  the  stock.     The  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  has  no  interest  in  it. 

Mr.  Havemeyer,  Mr.  Welch,  and  Mr.  Senff  are  all  engaged  in  the 
raising  of  cane  and  production  of  raw  sugar,  or  are  interested  in  cor- 
porations which  are  so  engaged,  in  Cuba;  Mr.  Welch  in  Hawaii,  and 
Mr.  SenfF  in  Porto  Rico. 

E.  L.  Poole,  in  whose  name  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate  was 
made,  acted  solely  as  the  agent  of  Messrs.  Havemeyer,  Welch,  and 
Senff.  He  himself  had  no  interest  therein  and  no  other  person  has 
now,  or  has  had  any  interest  therein,  except  the  said  Havemeyer, 
Welch,  and  SenfF.  They  caused  to  be  chartered  under  the  laws  of 
New  Jersey  a  corporation  known  as  the  Mindoro  Development  Co., 
with  very  broad,  general  powers,  similar  to  those  frequently  granted 
by  that  State.  These  powers  can  be  exercised  in  the  Philippine 
Islands,  however,  only  to  the  extent  that  they  are  permitted  by  the 
laws  thereof  or  the  act  of  Congress  relating  thereto.  This  company 
can  not  hold  more  than  1,024  hectares  of  land.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
it  does  own  only  200  hectares.  Its  capital  stock  now  paid  in  is 
$750,000,  of  which  one-third  was  contributed  by  each  of  the  purchasers 
of  the  San  Jose  estate.  As  more  capital  is  needed,  it  is  in  contempla- 
tion to  sell  shares  to  other  parties.  It  is  the  intention  of  this  company 
to  erect  a  large  modern  sugar  centrale,  and  this  work  has  already 
been  commenced.  It  is  expected  that  this  company  will  buy  the 
sugar  cane  which  may  be  produced  upon  the  San  Jose  estate,  and 
manufacture  the  juice  thereof  into  raw  sugar.  The  company  has 
constructed,  or  contemplates  the  construction  of,  a  private  railroad 
about  11  miles  in  length,  to  transport  the  products  of  the  centrale  to 
the  harbor  in  Mangarin  Bay.  The  shore  Ime  of  this  harbor  is  about 
13  miles  in  length.  The  Mindoro  Development  Co.  has  acquired 
what  is  known  as  a  "foreshore  lease,' ^  covering  about  1,000  feet  of  that 
shore  line.  The  Government  owns  or  controls  the  land  between  the 
low  tide  and  high  tide  lines,  constituting  what  is  commonly  called 
the  ''Foreshore/^  Such  a  lease  was  therefore  necessary  to  enable 
the  company  to  erect  the  necessary  docks  and  piers  for  the  loading 
and  unloading  of  vessels. 

The  San  Jose  estate  belonged  originally  to  the  '^Recoletos,'^  an 
order  of  priests  belonging  to  the  "shod  Augustinians,^'  so  called  by 
way  of  distinguishing  them  from  the  "barefoot  Augustinians."  Prior 
to  the  sale  to  the  Philippine  Government,  these  priests  kept  a  few 

Eeople  upon  the  island  in  charge  of  cattle  which  were  there  pastured, 
ut  during  the  insurrection  against  Spain  and  the  Spanish- American 
War,  these  cattle  were  sold  or  disappeared,  and  those  m  charge  of  them 
departed,  so  that  when  Mr.  Poole  visited  the  estate  in  the  interest 


ABMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XIII 

of  the  intending  purchasers  he  found  upon  the  entire  56,000  acres 
only  one  occupant,  an  ex-convict  who  was  engaged  in  the  business  of 
catching  wild  carabao.  At  the  present  time  there  are  about  800 
Filipinos  employed  on  the  estate,  who  are  paid  considerably  better 
wages  than  are  received  for  like  work  in  other  parts  of  the  islands. 

In  a  modern  sugar  mill,  about  95  per  cent  or  the  juice  of  cane  is 
extracted  and  utilized.  In  the  old-fashioned  small  centrales  now  in 
use  in  a  few  parts  of  the  island,  only  about  60  per  cent  is  secured. 
There  seems  to  have  been  some  feeling  that  the  erection  of  the 
improved  mill  would  be  prejudicial  to  the  interests  of  the  owners  of 
the  old-fashioned  mills.  Considerable  opposition  was  aroused  be- 
cause of  the  supposed  purchase  by  the  Sugar  1rust ;  but  the  principal 
objection  there  exists  among  those  who  are  desirous  of  the  immediate 
independence  of  the  islands  from  American  control  in  view  of  their 
belief  that  the  investment  of  American  capital  in  the  islands  will  tend 
to  delay,  perhaps  indefinitely,  such  independence.  W  ith  that  question 
we  are  not  called  upon  to  deal  in  this  report.  From  a  purely 
business  point  of  view,  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate  was  a  wise 
transaction  for  the  Philippine  Government.  The  purchase  price  was 
about  $70,000  in  excess  of  the  original  price  paid  for  the  estate.  The 
Government  is  relieved  of  an  interest  charge  of  about  $11,950  per 
annum,  putting  $367,000  in  the  sinking  fund  for  the  redemption 
of  its  outstanding  friar-land  bonds,  and  the  estate,  which  has  hereto- 
fore been  nonproductive  and  nontaxable,  is  now  subject  to  taxation 
for  all  governmental  purposes.  That  it  could  not  have  been  sold  so 
advantageously  in  small  quantities  under  the  restrictions  applicable 
to  public  lands  is  manifest  from  the  fact  that  the  Government  has 
been  unable  to  sell  a  single  acre  of  the  public  lands  immediately 
adjoining,  which  are  offered  at  $2  per  acre  in  40-acre  tracts,  subject 
to  the  provisions  of  occupation,  cultivation,  and  nonalienation  or 
encumbrance  for  a  period  of  five  years.  The  remaining  unoccupied 
friar  lands  which  could  be  offered  in  large  blocks  are  as  follows : 

Statement  showing  the  area  of  unoccupied  lands  on  the  varioiis  friar  estates  Jan.  1,  1911  ^ 
showing  the  approximate  size  of  the  vacant  tracts. 

Acres. 

Binan  estate,  Laguna  Province 725 

The  bulk  of  this  area  is  in  one  tract  in  the  southwestern  part  of  the  estate. 

Muntinlupa,  Laguna  Province 2,  460 

The  vacant  land  lies  in  the  southeastern  portion  of  the  estate  and  the  great 
bulk  of  the  area  is  in  one  tract. 

Santa  Rosa,  Laguna  Province 1,  300 

Probably  not  over  400  acres  of  this  is  in  one  tract. 

Calamba,  Laguna  Province 18, 450 

This,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  small  tracts,  consists  of  practically  three 
large  tracts  of  5,000  acres  or  over. 

Naic,  Cavite  Province 9, 075 

This  consists  of  practically  two  tracts ;  one  in  the  northeastern  portion  of 
the  estate  of  about  6,000  acres  and  the  other  on  the  southern  end  of  the 
estate  of  about  2,500  acres;  the  balance  is  in  small  parcels. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon,  Cavite  Province 13,900 

Practically  all  in  one  tract. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon,  Cavite  Province 14,  700 

Practically  all  in  one  tract,  adjoining  the  vacant  land  on  the  S.  ^.  de 
Malabon  and  the  Naic  estates. 

ImuB,  Cavite 22,500 

Practically  all  in  one  tract  and  adjoins  the  S.  F.  de  Malabon  estate. 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi,  Bulacan  Province 4, 126 

This  is  in  scattered  parcels  not  exceeding  100  acres  in  any  one  parcel. 


XIV 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Acres. 
Orion,  Bataan  Province 175 

One  parcel  of  about  100  acres;  balance  in  small  parcels. 
Talisay,  Cebu  Province 10, 000 

This  is  practically  one  entire  tract  on  which  occupants  have  leased  small 
areas  here  and  there, 
leabela,  Isabela  Province 48,  622 

Total 146, 023 

The  above,  statement  shows  that  there  is  vacant  and  available  for 
sale  or  lease  the  following  large  tracts  of  friar  lands : 


Estates. 

Number 
of  tracts. 

Area. 

Isabela 

1 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 

Acres. 

48,622 

40,000 

6,000 

15,000 

2,400 

700 

Cavite 

Do    

Laguna 

Do 

Do 

Do 

400 

Talisay 

10  000 

123,122 

»  Each. 


Some  or  all  of  the  same  reasons  exist  for  selling  these  lands  in 
quantities  larger  than  40  acres,  and,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  their  total 
constitutes  so  small  a  portion  of  the  total  acreage  of  the  islands 
which  is  subject  to  limited  sales  only,  it  may  be  urged  that  the  sale  of 
these  remaining  friar  lands  in  larger  quantities  could  not  be  considered 
as  establishing  or  favoring  a  policy  for  the  acquisition  of  the  islands, 
or  any  considerable  portion  thereof,  by  a  few  corporations,  trusts,  or 
individuals.  But,  however  desirable  it  may  have  been  to  sell  the 
San  Jose  estate  as  an  entirety,  or  however  desirable  it  may  be  to  sell 
the  remaining  unoccupied  friar  lands  in  tracts  larger  than  40  acres 
each,  if  the  law  forbids  such  sales,  they  can  not  legally  be  made  and 
the  purchasers  do  not  hold  by  good  titles.  What,  then,  is  the 
present  law  upon  the  subject?  The  opinions  of  I^ouis  C.  Knight, 
attorney,  bureau  of  lands  of  the  Philippines;  of  Ignacio  Villa- 
mor,  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands;  and  of  George  W. 
Wickersham,  Attorney  General  of  tlie  United  States,  upon  the  one 
hand,  and  of  Moorfield  Storey,  of  Boston,  upon  the  other,  are  sub- 
mitted as  exhibits  hereto,  in  order  that  those  interested  in  the  subject 
may  consider  them  in  connection  with  this  report.  There  has  not 
been  disclosed  the  slightest  irregularity  or  impropriety  on  the  part  of 
Dean  C.  Worcester,  the  secretary  of  the  interior;  Capt.  Charles  H. 
Sleeper,  the  director  of  the  bureau  of  lands;  the  War  Department  or 
the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  at  Washington;  or  any  other  oflicial, 
either  of  the  Philippine  Government  or  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment, in  connection  with  the  purchase  and  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate. 
It  was  a  perfectly  plain  and  square  business  transaction.  Even  if  it 
shall  be  determined  that  the  law  prohibited  the  sale  of  more  than  16 
hectares,  the  officials  who  made  the  sale  can  not  be  blamed,  as  they 
acted  in  pursuance  of  legal  opinions  which  they  were  in  duty  bound 
to  accept.     But  what  is  the  law  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XV 

CERTAIN  SECTIONS  OF  THE  ACT  OF  CONGRESS  APPROVED  JULY  1,  1902,  DEAL 
SPECIFICALLY  WITH  LANDS  ACQUIRED  BY  THE  UNITED  STATES  UNDER 
THE  TREATY  OF  PEACE  WITH  SPAIN,  AND  CONSTITUTING  THE  PUBLIC 
DOMAIN  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  IN  THE  PHILIPPINE!  ISLANDS.  DO  THE 
PROVISIONS  OF  THOSE  SECTIONS  APPLY  ALSO  TO  THE  FRIAR  LANDS, 
WHICH  DO  NOT  NOW,  AND  NEVER  DID,  BELONG  TO  THE  UNITED  STATES, 
BUT  AT  THE  TIME  OF  THE  PASSAGE  OF  SAID  ACT  WERE  IN  PRIVATE  OWN- 
ERSHIP, AND  BY  SUBSEQUENT  PURCHASE  BECAME  THE  PROPERTY  OF 
THE  GOVERNMENT  OF  THE  PHILIPPINE  UPLANDS? 

The  act  of  Congress  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for 
the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,"  approved  July  1,  1902,  and  com- 
monly called  "The  organic  act,"  is  a  very  long  act,  divided  into  88 
sections,  covering  a  great  variety  of  subjects. 

Certain  of  these  sections  relate  specifically  to  lands  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  belonging  to  the  United  States,  having  been  acquired  by  our 
Government  from  the  Spanish  Crown  under  the  treaty  of  Paris. 
Those  which  need  be  considered  here  are  sections  12  to  17,  both  in- 
clusive, which  read  as  follows : 

Sec.  12.  That  aU  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain, 
signed  December  tenth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  except  such  land  or 
other  property  as  shall  be  designated  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for 
military  and  other  reservations  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  are 
hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  Government  of  said  islands  to  be  ad- 
ministered for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  provided  in 
this  act. 

Sec.  13.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  subject  to  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  and  except  as  herein  provided,  shall  classify  according  to  its 
agricultural  character  and  productiveness,  and  shall  immediately  make  rules 
and  regulations  for  the  lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  public  lands  other 
than  timber  or  mineral  lands,  but  such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into 
effect  or  have  the  force  of  law  until  they  have  received  the  approval  of  the 
President,  and  when  approved  by  the  President  they  shall  be  submitted  by  him 
to  Congress  at  the  beginning  of  the  next  ensuing  session  thereof  and  unless 
disapproved  or  amended  by  Congress  at  said  session  they  shall  at  the  close 
of  such  period  have  the  force  and  effect  of  law  in  the  Philippine  Islands: 
Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  sixteen  hectares  in 
extent. 

Sec.  14.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized 
and  empowered  to  enact  rules  and  regulations  and  to  prescribe  terms  and  con- 
ditions to  enable  persons  to  perfect  their  title  to  public  lands  in  said  islands, 
who,  prior  to  the  transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United  States,  had 
fulfilled  all  or  some  of  the  conditions  required  by  the  Spanish  laws  and  royal 
decrees  of  the  Kingdom  of  Spain  for  the  acquisition  of  legal  title  thereto,  yet 
fail  to  secure  conveyance  of  title ;  and  the  Philippine  Commission  is  authorized 
to  issue  patents,  without  compensation,  to  any  native  of  said  islands,  convey- 
ing title  to  any  tract  of  land  not  more  than  sixteen  hectares  in  exent,  which 
were  public  lands  and  had  been  actually  occupied  by  such  native  or  his 
ancestors  prior  to  and  on  the  thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety- 
eight. 

Sec.  16.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized 
and  empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to 
provide  for  the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers 
and  other  citizens  of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain, 
other  than  timber  and  mineral  lands  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands,  as  it 
may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  sixteen  hectares  to  any  one  person,  and  for  the 
sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares 
to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons :  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale 
of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments, 
shall  be  conditioned  upon  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement,  and 


XVI  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

cultivation  of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  five  years,  during 
which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  encumber  said  land 
or  the  title  thereto,  but  such  restriction  shall  not  apply  to  transfers  of  rights 
and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the  distribution  of  the  estates  of 
decedents. 

Sec.  16.  That  in  granting  or  selling  any  part  of  the  public  domain  under  the 
provisions  of  the  last  preceding  section,  preference  in  all  cases  shall  be  given 
to  actual  occupants  and  settlers ;  and  such  public  lands  of  the  United  States  in 
the  actual  possession  or  occupancy  of  any  native  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall 
not  be  sold  by  said  government  to  any  other  person  without  the  consent  thereto 
of  said  prior  occupant  or  settler  first  had  and  obtained :  Provided,  That  the 
prior  right  hereby  secured  to  an  occupant  of  land,  who  can  show  no  other  proof 
of  title  than  possession,  shall  not  apply  to  more  than  sixteen  hectares  in  one 
tract. 

Sec.  17.  That  timber,  trees,  forests,  and  forest  products  on  lands  leased  or 
demised  by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  under  the  provisions  of 
this  act  shall  not  be  cut,  destroyed,  removed,  or  appropriated  except  by  special 
permission  of  said  government  and  under  such  regulations  as  it  may  prescribe. 

All  moneys  obtained  from  lease  or  sale  of  any  portion  of  the  public  domain 
or  from  licenses  to  cut  timber  by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall 
be  covered  into  the  insular  treasury  and  be  subject  only  to  appropriation  for 
insular  purposes  according  to  law. 

It  is  clear  that,  standing  by  themselves,  these  sections  do  not  deal 
with  private  lands  or  with  lands  which  then  were,  or  might  there- 
after become,  the  property  of  the  government  of  the  Philijopine 
Islands.  Their  operation  is,  by  their  very  terms,  confined  to  "  property 
and  rights  which  have  been  acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the 
United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain"  (sec.  12); 
"  public  lands  "  (sec.  13)  ;  "  public  lands  in  said  islands  which  had  been 
the  subject  of  transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United 
States"  (sec.  14);  "the  public  domain  *  *  *  of  the  United 
States  in  said  islands  "  (sec.  15)  ;  "  public  lands  of  the  United  States  " 
(sec.  16)  ;  "public  domain"  (sec.  17). 

The  terms  "public  domain  "  and  "  public  lands,"  when  used  in  an 
act  of  Congress  without  qualifying  words,  are  always  descriptive  of 
property  of  the  United  States,  and  no  other. 

The  sections  quoted  do  not  in  themselves  contain  any  reference  to 
the  so-called  friar  lands,  which  were  not  the  property  of  the  Spanish 
Crown;  were  not  acquired  by  our  Government  under  the  treaty  of 
peace ;  and  do  not  now,  nor  ever  did,  constitute  any  portion  of  the 
"  public  land  "  or  "  public  domain  of  the  United  States."  The  friar 
lands  were,  at  the  time  of  the  treaty  of  peace,  and  at  the  time  of  the 
passage  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  1902,  in  private  ownership.  Some 
six  years  after  the  treaty  of  Paris,  and  two  years  after  the  passage  of 
the  organic  act,  they  were  purchased  by  the  Philippine  government 
in  pursuance  of  authority  contained  in  sections  63,  64,  and  65,  as 
follows : 

Sec.  63.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized, 
subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,  to  acquire,  re- 
ceive, hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  may 
acquire  real  estate  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  eminent 
domain. 

Sec.  64.  That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  sixty-three  may 
also  be  exercised  in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  here- 
ditaments which,  on  the  thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety- 
eight,  were  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  communities,  religious 
orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and  in  such  man- 
ner as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  wel- 
fare of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  And  for  the  purpose  of  provid- 
ing funds  to  acquire  the  lands  mentioned  in  this  section  said  government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  empowered  to  incur  indebtedness,  to  borrow 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XVII 

money,  and  to  issue,  and  to  sell  at  not  less  than  par  value,  in  gold  coin  of 
the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in 
money  of  said  islands,  upon  such  terms  and  conditions  ^s  it  may  deem  best, 
registered  or  coupon  bonds  of  said  government  for  such  amount  as  may  be 
necessary;  said  bonds  to  be  in  denominations  of  fifty  dollars  or  any  multiple 
thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  four  and  a  half  per  centum  per 
annum,  payable  quarterly,  and  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  said  government 
after  dates  named  in  said  bonds,  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than  thirty  years 
from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with  interest  thereon,  in  gold  coin  of 
the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in 
money  of  said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  all 
taxes  or  duties  of  said  government,  or  any  local  authority  therein,  or  of  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,  as  well  as  from  taxation  in  any  form  by  or 
under  State,  municipal,  or  local  authority  in  the  United  States  or  the  Philippine 
Islands.  The  moneys  which  may  be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale 
of  said  bonds  shall  be  applied  by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to 
the  acquisition  of  the  property  authorized  by  this  section,  and  to  no  other 
purposes. 

Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall 
constitute  a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily 
for  a  period  not  exceeding  three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  govern- 
ment on  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations 
and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act:  Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments 
and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the 
payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized  to  be  issued  in  pay- 
ment of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section  and  said  deferred  payments  shall 
bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  money  realized  or  received 
from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  con- 
stitute a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds, 
and  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  ma- 
turity. Actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the 
government  shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  ac- 
quire their  holdings  within  such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said 
government. 

NoAvhere  in  these  sections  are  the  friar  lands  spoken  of  as  "  public 
lands"  or  as  constituting  "  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain 
of  the  United  States  in  said  islands." 

Section  64  authorized  the  Philippine  Government  to  purchase  the 
lands  of  the  religious  orders  and,  for  the  purpose  of  providing  the 
necessary  funds,  to  issue  and  sell  bonds,  the  proceeds  thereof  to  be 
applied  to  the  acquisition  of  the  said  lands  and  to  no  other  purpose. 

Section  65  authorizes  the  Philippine  Government  to  sell  all  lands 
acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  "  on  such  teruis  and  condi- 
tions as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  pro- 
vided for  in  this  act."  and  requires  all  moneys  realized  from  said  sales 
to  be  placed  in  a  trust  fund  or  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  the 
principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds.  Does  the  phrase  "  subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act  "  bring  forward  and 
extend  to  these  friar  lands,  purchased  by  the  Philippine  Government 
with  its  own  money,  and  for  which  it  is  to  reimburse  itself  out  of  the 
proceeds  of  their  sales,  all  the  restrictions  placed  by  sections  12  to  17 
upon  the  acquisition  of  lands  belonging  to  the  United  States  but  which 
that  Government  was  practically  giving  away  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Filipino  people  in  the  manner  and  upon  the  terms  it  chose  to  adopt  for 
that  purpose?  Does  that  language  extend  to  the  friar  lands  owned 
by  the  Philippine  Government  the  provisions  of  those  sections  which, 
standing  by  themselves,  deal  only  with  lands  owned  by  the  United 
States?  The  Philippine  Legislature  and  the  Philippine  officials  did 
not  so  construe  it. 

82278°  -  H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3 2 


XVIII  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Section  15  of  the  organic  act  required  legislation  by  the  Philippine 
Government  providing  for  the  sale  of  public  lands  of  the  United 
States.  Section  65  required  legislation  prescribing  terms  and  con- 
ditions for  sales  of  friar  lands  belonging  to  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment. The  Philippine  Legislature  passed  Act  No.  926,  entitled  "  The 
public-lands  act,"  which  was  amended  by  Act  No.  979,  approved 
October  7,  1903.  The  second  chapter  of  this  act  limited  the  purchase 
of  public  lands  by  a  corporation  to  1,024  hectares  and  by  an  indi- 
vidual to  16  hectares,  and  it  provided  that  "  no  association  of  persons 
not  organized  as  above  and  no  mere  partnership  shall  be  entitled  to 
purchase  a  greater  quantity  than  will  equal  16  hectares  for  each 
member  thereof."  Subsequently  the  legislature  passed  Act  No.  1120, 
known  as  the  "  friar  lands  act,"  in  the  preamble  of  which  it  is  set 
forth  that — 

the  said  lands  are  not  "  pubUc  lands "  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words 
are  used  in  the  public-land  act  *  *  *  g^^d  can  not  be  acquired  or  leased 
under  the  provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper  agencies  for 
carrying  out  the  terms  of  said  contract  of  purchase  and  the  requirements  of 
said  act  of  Congress  with  reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and 
the  creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to  secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued. 

The  ninth  section  of  this  so-called  friar-lands  act  required  of  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  that  "  in  making  such  sales  he 
shall  proceed  as  provided  in  chapter  2  of  the  public-lands  act."  This 
was  properly  construed  by  the  Philippine  officials  as  imposing  the 
same  limitations  upon  the  sale  of  friar  lands  as  had  been  in  their 
public-lands  act  imposed  upon  the  sale  of  public  lands.  It  was  very 
soon  discovered  that  friar  lands  could  not  be  sold  to  any  considerable 
extent  under  such  conditions;  therefore,  by  the  Philippine  Act  No. 
1847,  approved  June  3,  1908,  the  friar-lands  Act  No.  1120  was  so 
amended  as  to  remove  the  obligation  to  follow  the  terms  of  the 
public-lands  act,  and  thus  to  remove  its  restriction  upon  the  amount 
of  friar  lands  that  might  be  sold  to  a  single  purchaser. 

Section  86  of  the  organic  act  requires  "  that  all  laws  passed  by  the 
government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  be  reported  to  Congress, 
which  hereby  reserves  the  power  and  authority  to  annul  the  same." 
In  pursuance  of  that  requirement,  the  acts  above  mentioned,  both 
original  and  amendatory,  were  duly  certified  to  Congress,  which  has 
taken  no  action  thereon. 

The  change  in  the  Philippine  law  touching  friar  lands  is  fully 
explained  in  volume  8  of  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Secretary  of  War 
for  1908,  at  page  48,  Part  II,  in  the  following  language: 

Certain  important  amendments  to  the  friar-land  act  have  been  made.  This  act 
made  the  provisions  of  chapter  2  of  the  public-land  act  apply  to  sales  of  friar 
lands.  The  amount  of  land  which  could  be  sold  to  an  individual  was  thus 
limited  to  16  hectares,  which  would  in  very  many  cases  have  defeated  the 
obvious  intention  of  the  act  to  allow  tenants  to  secure  their  actual  holdings, 
and  would  have  delayed  for  many  years  the  sale  of  large  tracts,  thus  obliging 
the  Government  to  continue  to  pay  interest  on  their  purchase  price.  The 
provision  of  the  public-land  act  that  surveys  should  be  in  regular  subdivisions 
was  entirely  impracticable  on  occupied  friar  estates  on  account  of  the  very 
irregular  form  of  actual  holdings. 

The  further  requirement  for  advertising  after  application  for  purchase  had 
been  made  imposed  an  entirely  needless  and  unwarranted  expense  of  ?^20  to 
1^100  on  each  purchaser,  and  the  most  liberal  arrangement  relative  to  payment 
possible  was  that  it  should  be  made  in  one  installment,  after  live  years,  with 
Interest  at  6  per  cent. 

Under  the  law  as  amended  there  is  no  limit  as  to  the  amount  of  land  which 
may  be  purchased. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XIX 

The  report  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  embodying  the  report  of  the 
Philippine  Commission  and  including  the  languag^e  quoted,  was  sub- 
mitted to  Congress  by  President  Roosevelt  in  December,  1908.  Thu^ 
that  construction  of  the  law  was  given  full  publicity,  not  only  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  but  in  the  United  States,  prior  to  the  commence- 
ment of  the  present  administration  and  long  prior  to  any  negotia- 
tions by  anybody  for  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate. 

If  the  phrase  "  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided 
for  in  this  act,"  appearing  in  section  65  of  the  organic  act,  renders 
the  friar  lands  subject  to  the  conditions  found  in  section  15,  by  the 
same  reasoning  the  friar  lands  must  be  subject  to  the  provisions  of 
all  the  sections  touching  public  lands.  Among  them  is  section  13, 
which  provides  that  "  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  16 
hectares  in  extent."  Was  it  intended  that  the  friar  lands  purchased 
by  the  Philippine  government  with  borrowed  money  to  be  repaid  out 
of  the  proceeds  of  their  sales  should  be  subject  to  homestead  entry! 
Section  14  requires  that  patents  shall  be  issued  without  compensation, 
"  conveying  title  to  any  tract  of  land  not  more  than  16  hectares  in 
extent  which  were  public  lands  and  had  been  actually  occupied  by 
said  native  or  his  ancestors  prior  to  August  13,  1898."  While  the 
San  Jose  estate  and  one  or  two  others  were  practically  untenanted, 
the  most  of  the  friar  lands  were  occupied  by  natives  or  their  ancestors 
prior  to  August  13,  1898.  All  of  the  most  valuable  of  the  friar  lands 
were  thus  occupied.  Was  it  the  intention  of  the  organic  act  that  the 
Philippine  government  should  be  compelled  to  issue  patents  to  these 
friar  lands  without  compensation?  If  so,  the  requirement  that  the 
proceeds  of  sale  should  be  placed  in  a  sinking  fund  for  the  repayment 
of  the  bonds  was  of  very  little  value. 

Section  14  also  limits  the  former  occupant  of  public  lands  to  the 
acquisition  of  not  more  than  16  hectares;  but  section  65,  relating  to 
friar  lands,  declares  that  "  actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time 
said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  government  shall  have  the  preference 
over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within 
such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  government." 
Had  Congress  intended  to  limit  the  preference  of  such  occupants 
of  friar  lands  to  16  hectares,  would  not  that  limitation  have  been 
clearly  expressed  as  in  the  case  of  public  lands?  Does  not  the  use 
of  the  term  "  their  holdings  "  indicate  an  intention  to  give  them  the 
preference  and  the  right  to  acquire  their  entire  holdings,  whether 
more  or  less  than  16  hectares? 

In  the  table  above  given  there  appear  the  names  of  many  tenants 
who  have  acquired  title  to  lands  previously  occupied  by  them  in 
amounts  exceeding  16  hectares  each. 

If  the  limitations  of  section  15  apply  at  all  to  the  lands  acquired 
by  the  Philippine  government  under  section  65,  they  must  apply  to 
all  lands  so  acquired.  Was  it  the  intention  of  Congress  to  cut  up, 
distribute,  and  impair  these  tenant  holdings  of  friar  lands  by  clip- 
ping off  here  and  there  the  hectares  in  excess  of  16?  If  tenants 
holding  20,  or  30,  or  40,  or  more  hectares  and  given  the  privilege  over 
all  others  "  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  "  are  limited 
in  that  preference  and  in  that  purchase  or  acquisition  to  16  hectares, 
then  to  which  particular  16  hectares  does  the  preference  and  the  riglit 
of  a('({uis!(i()n   exlciid?     From   which  particular  hectares  are  other 


XX  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

persons  excluded  from  purchase?  By  holding  off  for  a  term  of  years 
such  tenant  might  hold  a  hundred  or  a  thousand  hectares  against  all 
the  world,  and  then  finally  have  the  right  to  purchase  only  16 
himself. 

Mr.  Storey,  in  his  opinion,  cites  parts  of  sections  65  and  15,  respec- 
tively, but  in  each  instance  omits  the  proviso  which  is  a  very  im- 
portant part  of  the  section.  Thus  the  proviso  to  section  15  provides, 
as  to  public  lands,  "  that  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the 
purchase  price  be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  con- 
ditioned upon  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement,  and  cul- 
tivation of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  five  years, 
during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  en- 
cumber said  land  or  the  title  thereto,  but  such  restriction  shall  not 
apply  to  transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws 
for  the  distribution  of  the  estates  of  decedents."  If  any  part  of  that 
section  applies  to  friar  lands,  it  all  applies.  Congress,  as  already 
stated,  has  practically  required  the  Philippine  government  to  acquire 
these  lands,  in  the  purchase  of  which  it  incurred  an  indebtedness  of 
$7,000,000,  and  an  annual  interest  charge  of  $280,000.  Section  65  con- 
templates that  the  proceeds  of  sales  of  these  lands  shall  be  used  to 
meet  these  interest  charges  and  pay  the  principal  of  the  bonds.  Is 
it  reasonable  to  suppose  that  Congress  intended  not  only  to  limit  each 
sale  to  16  hectares  (40  acres),  but  also  to  make  sales  practically  im- 
possible by  requiring  that  the  purchaser  must  actually  occupy,  im- 
prove, and  cultivate  the  premises  for  five  years,  during  which  period, 
even  though  he  pay  the  full  cash  price  on  the  day  of  sale,  he  is  for- 
bidden to  either  sell  or  mortgage  or  in  any  way  encumber  the  land? 
That  was  not  an  unreasonable  provision  where  the  Government  of  the 
United  States  was  giving  away  its  own  land ;  but  a  most  unreasonable 
condition  to  impose  upon  the  sale  of  friar  lands  purchased  by  the 
Philippine  government  with  its  own  money  and  from  the  sale  of 
which  it  was  to  provide  the  funds  for  its  own  reimbursement.  The 
legislative  intent  must  plainly  appear  before  such  a  construction  can 
be  justified. 

If  the  terms  and  conditions  of  section  15  apply  to  lands  purchased 
and  sold  under  authority  of  section  65,  so  also  must  the  provisions  of 
section  16,  which  declares  that — 

such  piibUc  lands  of  the  United  States  in  the  actual  possession  or  occupancy 
of  any  native  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  not  be  sold  by  said  government  to 
any  other  person  without  the  consent  thereto  of  said  prior  occupant  or  settler 
first  had  and  obtained :  Provided,  That  the  prior  right  hereby  secured  to  an  occu- 
pant of  land  who  can  show  no  other  proof  of  title  than  possession  shall  not  apply 
to  more  than  16  hectares  in  one  tract 

Is  it  reasonable  to  suppose  that  Congress  intended  that  limitation 
to  apply  to  friar  lands?  Did  it  intend  to  prevent  the  Philippine 
government  from  selling,  at  all,  friar  lands  in  the  possession  or  occu- 
pancy of  persons  who  had  no  title  and  did  not  seek  to  obtain  one? 
Did  Congress  intend  to  compel  the  Philppine  government  to  buy  land 
upon  which  there  might  be  settlers  without  title,  which  land  the 
settlers  were  not  compelled  to  buy,  but  which  the  government  could 
never  sell  without  their  consent  first  had  and  obtained? 

Section  65,  which  authorizes  the  sale  of  friar  lands  "  subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act,"  provides  that 
the  money  realized  from  the  sales  of  such  lands  "shall  constitute  a 


ABMTNISTEATIOl^   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XXI 

trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds." 
Section  17  requires  that  "  all  moneys  obtained  fro^n  lease  or  sale  of 
the  public  domain  *  *  *  shall  be  covered  into  the  insular  treas- 
ury and  be  subject  only  to  appropriation  for  insular  purposes  accord- 
ing to  law."  Surely  it  was  not  intended  by  section  65  to  extend  the 
terms  and  conditions  of  section  IT  to  sales  of  friar  lands. 

All  the  parts  of  the  act  must  be  considered  together  and  given  har- 
monious and  reasonable  construction  so  as  to  effectuate  the  legislative 
intent.  The  words  "subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  pro- 
vided for  in  this  act,"  as  found  in  section  65,  are  not  meaningless  nor 
without  effect  even  if  held  not  to  refer  to  the  provisions  of  sections 
12  to  17,  which  deal  with  public  lands.  There  are  plenty  of  "  limita- 
tions and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act "  to  which  the  sales  or 
leases  of  friar  lands  are  made  subject.  For  instance,  that  they  may 
not  be  leased  for  a  period  exceeding  three  years  (sec.  65)  ;  that  de- 
ferred payments  and  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the  money 
prescribed  for  the  pa3^ment  of  the  principal  and  interest  of  the  friar- 
land  bonds  issued  in  payment  for  said  lands ;  that  the  money  realized 
from  the  sale  of  lands  shall  constitute  a  trust  fund  and  not  go  into  the 
insular  treasury  for  general  purposes;  that  actual  settlers  and  occu- 
pants shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or 
acquire  their  holdings;  that  public  works,  duly  authorized,  may  be 
constructed  over  and  upon  them  (sec.  74)  ;  that  corporations  may  not 
hold  more  than  1,024-  hectares  (sec.  75).  This  provision  is  general 
and  applies  to  public  lands,  private  lands,  and  friar  lands  alike. 

Section  74  bears  evidence  that  the  act  all  the  way  through  recog- 
nizes the  distinction  betAveen  lands  of  the  United  States  and  lands  of 
the  Philippine  government.  It  confers  authority  for  public  works 
to  be  constructed  "  over  and  across  the  public  property  of  the  United 
States  and  over  similar  property  of  the  government  of  said  islands." 
This  important  section  upon  the  subject  of  franchises  contains  numer- 
ous conditions  to  which  friar  lands,  as  well  as  public  lands,  are  sub- 
jected. It  provides  that  "lands  or  rights  of  use  and  occupation  of 
lands  thus  granted  shall  revert  to  the  governments  by  wliich  they 
were  respectively  granted  upon  the  termination  of  the  franchises  and 
concessions  under  which  they  were  granted  or  upon  their  revocation 
or  repeal."  That  is  plainly  one  of  the  limitations  and  conditions 
subject  to  which  the  purchasers  may  acquire  friar  lands. 

There  are  many  other  "  limitations  and  conditions  "  prescribed  in 
the  organic  act,  general  in  character,  and  which  may  reasonably  be 
construed  to  have  been  extended  by  section  65  to  friar  lands;  but  the 
limitations  and  conditions  specifically  imposed  by  sections  12  to  17 
upon  the  sale  and  disposal  of  lands  owned  by  the  United  States,  and 
which  this  Government  has  generously  permitted  to  be  sold  for  the 
benefit  of  the  Filipino  people,  can  not  by  any  reasonable  construction 
be  made  to  extend  to  sales  by  the  Philippine  government  of  lands 
purchased  with  its  own  money  from  private  owners  and  which  never 
did  belong  to  the  United  States. 

It  is  quite  within  the  power  of  the  Philippine  Legislature  to  limit 
the  amount  of  friar  lands  which  may  be  sold  to  a  single  noncorporate 
purchaser,  but  it  has  not  done  so  and  Congress  has  not  done  so. 

In  construing  the  statute  we  must  of  course  consider  all  its  parts, 
and  may  also  properly  take  into  consideration  the  events  and  condi- 
tions which  led  to  its  passage.     In  passing  upon  the  statutory  remedy 


XXII  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

we  must  consider  the  mischief  for  which  it  was  intended  to  be  the 
cure. 

Tile  legislative  department  is  supposed  to  have  a  consistent  design  or  policy 
and  to  intend  nothing  inconsistent  or  incongruous.  The  mischief  intended  to 
be  removed  or  suppressed  or  the  cause  or  necessity  of  any  kind  which  induced 
the  enactment  of  a  law  are  important  factors  to  be  considered  in  its  construc- 
tion. The  purpose  for  which  a  law  was  enacted  is  a  matter  of  prime  importance 
in  arriving  at  the  correct  interpretation  of  its  terms.  (Lewis's  Sutherland 
Statutory  Construction,  second  edition,  sec.  471.) 

The  intention  of  the  legislature  in  enacting  a  law  is  the  law  itself,  and  must 
be  enforced  when  ascertained,  although  it  may  not  be  consistent  with  the  strict 
letter  of  the  statute.  Courts  will  not  follow  the  letter  of  a  statute  when  it  leads 
away  from  the  intent  and  purpose  of  the  legislature  and  the  conclusions  incon- 
sistent with  the  general  purpose  of  the  act.     (Ibid.,  sec.  363.) 

Statutes  are  to  be  construed  as  may  best  effectuate  the  intention  of  the 
makers,  which  sometimes  may  be  collected  from  the.  cause  or  occasion  for  pass- 
ing the  statute,  and  where  discovered  it  ought  to  be  followed  with  judgment 
and  discretion  in  the  construction,  though  the  construction  may  seem  contrary 
to  the  letter  of  the  statute.  (Big  Black  Creek  Improvement  Co.  v.  Common- 
wealth, 94  Fa.,  450.) 

If  it  be  argued  that  the  qualification  "  subject  to  the  limitations 
and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act,"  as  found  in  section  65,  in- 
cludes necessarily  all  the  limitations  and  conditions  anywhere  found 
in  the  act,  even  though  they  were  definitely  and  distinctly  applied  in 
connection  with  sales  of  public  lands  only,  the  answer  is  lound  in  the 
decision  of  our  highest  tribunal,  as  reported  in  McKee  v.  United 
States,  164  U.  S.,  ^287  (book  41,  Lawyers'  Co-op.  Ed.,  437).  The 
fourth  section  of  an  act  of  Congress,  approved  March  2, 1891,  distinctly 
provided — 

that  any  sum  or  sums  of  money  received  into  the  Treasury  of  the  United 
States  from  the  sale  of  lands  bid  in  for  taxes  in  any  State  under  the  laws 
described  in  the  first  section  of  this  act,  in  excess  of  the  tax  assessed  thereon, 
shall  be  paid  to  the  owners  of  the  land  so  bid  in  and  resold,  or  to  their  legal 
heirs  and  representatives. 

That  language  was  v^ry  general,  but  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States  held  that  it  did  not  apply  to  all  cases.  Mr.  Justice 
Peckham,  delivering  the  opinion  of  the  court,  said  : 

There  was  added  to  the  act  of  1891  the  last  clause  of  section  4,  which  would 
cover  all  such  cases,  and  we  are  of  opinion  that  this  last  clause  does  not  refer 
to  or  cover  the  cases  of  those  owners  who  are  mentioned  in  the  first  clause  of 
the  same  section.  ,  Otherwise  this  curious  result  might  and  in  this  particular 
case  would  follow,  etc. 

He  then  proceeds  to  consider  "  the  contemporaneous  history  "  of 
the  sale  of  lands  under  the  provisions  of  the  direct-tax  act  of  1861, 
and  says : 

It  is  true  that  if  the  language  used  in  that  last  clause  be  given  its  widest  and 
broadest  application  it  would  include  all  owners  of  real  estate  which  had  been 
sold  in  any  portion  of  the  country  under  the  provisions  of  the  direct-tax  act. 
But  we  think  a  perusal  of  the  whole  act  prevents  our  giving  this  unlimited  con- 
struction, because  to  do  so  would  conflict  with  what  we  think  was  the  intention 
of  Congress,  gathered  from  the  provisions  of  the  whole  act.  Under  such  cir- 
cumstances it  is  not  only  the  right  but  it  is  the  plain  duty  of  the  court  to  limit 
by  a  proper  construction  the  otherwise  boundless  application  of  the  general 
language  used  in  the  statute. 

The  opinion  concludes  in  these  words: 

In  this  case  we  think  the  intention  of  Congress  was  plain,  and  that  the  gen- 
eral language  of  the  last  clause  of  section  4  should  not  be  held  to  include  the 
class  of  owners  of  lands  mentioned  in  the  first  clause  of  the  same  section,  for 
whose  case  special  provision  was  therein  made. 


ADMINISTEATIOIT    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XXIII 

Applying  the  principles  of  construction  above  set  forth,  we  may  well 
take  into  consideration  the  contemporaneous  history  and  the  events 
and  conditions  which  moved  Congress  to  authorize  the  purchase  and 
sale  of  these  so-called  friar  lands. 

Prior  to  the  Spanish- American  War  something  over  400,000  acres 
of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  were  in  the  private  ownership  of 
the  friars.  Under  the  Spanish  regime  these  priests  possessed  and 
exercised  great  power  and  influence  in  the  communities  m  which  they 
resided.  Some  of  their  estates  were  unoccupied,  but  the  most  of 
them  were  thickly  peopled.  The  tenants  and  subtenants  and  their 
families  living  upon  these  estates  numbered  more  than  160,000.  The 
Filipino  people  were  engaged  in  an  effort  to  throw  off  the  tyranny 
and  despotism  of  Spain.  Partly  because  the  friars  were  not  in 
sympathy  with  this  insurrection,  and  partly  because  they  were  alleged 
to  be  oppressive  and  unsatisfactory  landlords,  the  tenants  turned 
upon  them.  The  priests  were  driven  from  their  parishes  and  fled  to 
the  city  of  Manila,  where  they  were  found  when  the  Americans  took 
possession  of  the  islands.  When  the  Americans  had  assumed  con- 
trol the  friars  insisted  upon  their  rights.  The  tenants  repudiated 
their  obligations  to  the  friars  as  landlords  and  refused  either  to  sur- 
render possession  of,  or  to  pay  rent  for,  the  lands  they  occupied. 
The  American  Government  now  faced  the  same  serious  and  disturb- 
ing agrarian  troubles  which  had  caused  the  Spanish  Government  so 
much  annoyance  and  disaster.  That  was  the  mischief.  The  remedy 
was  to  get  these  lands  away  from  the  friars  and  into  an  ownership 
which  the  tenants  would  respect.  To  apply  this  remedy  it  became 
necessary  for  Congress  to  provide  a  way  whereby  the  Philippine 
government  could  itself  acquire  the  lands  from  the  friars.  This 
was  accomplished  by  authorizing  that  government  to  issue  its  own 
bonds  and  apply  the  proceeds  to  the  purchase  of  the  lands.  It  was 
also  necessary  to  provide  a  method  whereby  the  Philippine  govern- 
ment could  provide  for  the  payment  of  the  bonded  obligations  thus 
incurred. 

This  Congress  sought  to  accomplish  by  authorizing  the  sale  of  the 
lands  and  requiring  the  proceeds  to  be  put.  into  a  trust  fund  for  the 
payment  of  the  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds.  As  a  further 
and  very  necessary  means  of  securing  permanent  freedom  from  such 
troubles  as  existed.  Congress  provided  that  the  tenants  should  them- 
selves have  the  first  right  to  purchase,  and  thus  acquire  ownership  of 
the  lands  upon  which  they  had  lived.  Should  they  not  purchase, 
then  the  lands  were  to  be  sold  to  others.  Public  lands  of  the  United 
States  in  the  Philippine  Islands  were,  by  Congress,  substantially 
open  to  homestead  entry,  under  rigid  conditions  prescribed  in  the 
organic  act  itself.  People  who  had  occupied  them  for  the  time,  speci- 
fied in  the  act,  were  to  be  given  patents  without  compensation.  The 
object  of  disposing  of  these  public  lands  was  not  so  much  to  secure 
funds  as  to  induce  the  Filipino  people  to  occupy  and  cultivate  them. 
They  were,  and  are,  almost  wholly  unoccupied.  With  the  friar  lands, 
the  case  was  quite  different.  Most  of  them  were  already  in  occupa- 
tion and  under  cultivation.  The  object  of  their  sale  was  to  acquire 
funds  with  which  to  repay  the  money  borrowed  by  the  Philippine 
government  for  their  purchase.  This  work  would  have  been  defeated 
by  applying  to  them  the  conditions  of  section  15  touching  public  lands 
of  the  United  States,  under  which  section  the  purchaser  was  not  only 


XXIV  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

limited  to  16  hectares,  but  was  also  prevented  from  selling,  leasing, 
mortgaging,  or  otherwise  encumbering  his  land  for  five  years  after 
he  had  paid  for  and  acquired  title.  The  fact  that  early  sales  of  friar 
lands  were  contemplated  by  the  act  is  manifest  from  the  fact  that, 
while  no  limit  of  time  was  placed  upon  leases  of  public  lands,  friar 
lands  could  be  leased  only  "  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years."  These  leases  were  made  temporary,  so  that  they  might 
not  obstruct  the  sales,  which  were  clearly  contemplated  and  from  the 
funds  of  which  the  Philippine  government  was  to  reimburse  itself. 
The  practical  effect  of  the  conditions  imposed  by  section  15  is  well 
illustrated  in  the  island  of  Mindoro,  where  public  lands  have  been 
offered  subject  to  those  conditions  at  $2  per  acre,  with  not  a  single 
purchaser,  while  friar  lands  immediately  adjoining  but  without  the 
same  onerous  conditions,  have  been  sold  at  more  than  $6  per  acre. 

Arising  out  of  this  friar-land  transaction,  the  Philippine  govern- 
ment has  a  bonded  indebtedness  of  $7,000,000,  with  an  annual  interest 
charge  of  $280,000  thereon.  Can  it  reasonably  be  assumed  that  Con- 
gress intended  that  government  to  bear  this  onerous  burden  itself 
and  to  impose  upon  it  the  necessity  of  taxing  the  Filipino  people 
to  meet  these  obligations,  by  depriving  them  of  the  opportunity  to 
sell,  at  a  fair  price  and  on  such  terms  as  they  might  impose,  the  very 
lands  for  which  the  indebtedness  had  been  incurred?  There  were 
certainly  hundreds,  perhaps  thousands,  of  tenants  of  friar  lands, 
each  owning  more  than  16  hectares.  To  have  limited  their  rights  of 
purchase  to  that  amount  of  land,  ejecting  them  from  the  excess, 
would  have  aggravated  the  very  difficulty  which  Congress  sought  to 
allay. 

A  careful  study  of  the  organic  act  in  all  its  parts,  taking  into 
account  the  history  of  the  times  and  the  objects  sought  to  be  accom- 
plished, leads  to  the  conclusion  that  the  homestead  provisions  of 
sections  12  to  17,  relating  to  public  lands  of  the  United  States,  do 
not  and  were  not  intended  to  apply  to  friar  lands  acquired  and 
sold  under  the  provisions  of  section  65,  and  that  the  act  fixes  no  limit 
to  the  quantity  of  friar  lands  which  may  be  sold  to  purchasers  other 
than  corporations.  It  is,  as  already  pointed  out,  within  the  power 
and  authority  of  the  Philippine  legislature  to  limit  the  amount  that 
may  be  sold  to  a  single  person. 

LEASE    OF   THE    ISABELA   ESTATE    WITH   OPTION   TO   PURCHASE. 

The  friar-land  estate  in  northern  Luzon  known  as  the  Isabela 
estate  has  an  area  of  49,727  acres  (521).  It  cost  the  Philippine 
Government  $159,858.01  (261),  or  a  little  more  than  $3  per  acre.  It 
is  situate  in  a  sparsely  settled  Province  and  is  difficult  to  reach.  It  is 
an  inland  estate  100  miles  or  more  distant  from  the  nearest  seaport 
which  is  in  turn  about  250  miles  distant  b}^^  sea  from  Manila.  There  is 
an  abundance  of  public  land  in  that  Province  offered  for  sale  under 
the  public-land  laws  at  a  very  low  figure,  but  few  sales  have  been 
made.  Owing  to  the  remoteness  and  inaccessibility  of  this  estate 
and  the  difficulty  of  securing  a  purchaser  for  it,  the  Philippine  officials 
were  glad  to  issue  a  lease  on  the  21st  day  of  January,  1910,  to  Edward 
B.  Bruce,  representing  M.  Lowenstein,  W.  H.  Lawrence,  and  Walter 
E.  Olsen,  residents  of  Manila,  doing  business  there.  This  lease  con- 
tained an  option  to  purchase  48,620  acres  of  land  at  the  price  of 


ADMIKISTRATIOK   OP  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XXV 

$211,250  in  installments  and  with  interest  as  therein  provided.  The 
rental  was  fixed  at  a  nominal  figure,  the  lessee  agreeing  to  cause  ;in 
examination  of  the  estate  to  be  made  by  a  competent  expert  for  the 
purpose  of  determining  the  quality  of  the  soil  and  other  considera- 
tions to  determine  the  value  of  the  estate  for  agricultural  purposes, 
his  report  and  all  statistics  to  become  the  property  of  the  Government 
in  case  of  his  failure  to  purchase.  The  expert  so  employed  rej^orted 
that  the  soil  was  not  adapted  to  tobacco  growing;  that,  while  it  was 
suited  to  the  cultivation  of  sugar  cane,  its  remoteness  and  the  diffi- 
culty of  transportation  made  its  purchase  undesirable.  Mr.  Bruce 
therefore  declined  to  exercise  his  option  to  purchase.  The  lease 
expired  January  6,  1911,  and  that  large  tract  of  unoccupied  land 
remains  in  the  possession  of  the  Philippine  Government. 

LEASE  OF  PUBLIC  LAND  TO  E.  L.  WORCESTER. 

Section  22  of  the  Philippine  public  lands  act.  No.  926,  as  amended 
by  No.  979,  provides  that  '^any  citizen  of  the  United  States  or  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  or  of  any  insular  possession  of  the  United  States 

*  *  *  may  lease  any  tract  of  unoccupied,  unreserved,  non- 
mineral,  agricultural  public  lands,  as  defined  by  sections  18  and  20 
of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  1,  1902,  providing  a  temporary 
government  for  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  so  forth,  not  exceeding 
1,024  hectares,  by  proceeding  as  hereinafter  in  this  chapter  indi- 
cated.^' 

Section  27  provides  how  the  rental  shall  be  determined  and  paid, 
and  that  ^'It  shall  in  no  case  be  less  than  50  centavos  per  hectare 
per  annum.'' 

Section  28  provides  that  leases  ^' shall  run  for  a  period  of  not 
more  than  25  years,  but  may  be  renewed  for  a  second  period  of  25 
years  at  a  rate  to  be  fixed,"  etc.,  and  that  land  leased  thereunder 
shall  not  be  assigned  or  sublet  without  the  consent  of  the  chief  of 
the  bureau  of  public  lands  and  the  secretary  of  the  interior. 

There  are  many  details  required  by  the  act  to  be  complied  with 
in  the  case  of  such  leases. 

Under  and  in  pursuance  of  the  above-mentioned  provisions  of 
law  an  agreement  of  lease  was  entered  into  under  date  of  April  1, 
1909,  between  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  E.  L. 
Worcester,  a  resident  of  said  islands  and  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States,  said  lease  covering  977  hectares  in  the  Province  of  Nueva 
Ecija,  for  the  term  of  25  years,  at  a  yearly  rental  of  488.69  pesos, 
upon  default  in  payment  of  which  the  lease  may  be  forfeited  on  30 
days'  notice  from  the  Government.  The  lands  in  question  do  not 
appear  from  the  evidence  to  have  been  exceptionally  desirable. 
They  are  on  all  sides  surrounded  by  similar  public  lands  which  no 
one  has  thus  far  desired  to  lease  or  purchase.  The  rental  is  that 
usually  fixed  in  leases  of  public  lands.  The  lease  contains  no  special 
privileges  whatever,  but  is  in  the  precise  form  in  which  all  leases  of 
public  lands  are  made,  and  all  observances  of  the  law  in  the  matter 
of  advertisement  of  application,  etc.,  were  fully  complied  with. 
The  lease  was  issued  only  after  full  publicity  and  advertisement  of  the 
application.  The  lands  were  unoccupied,  unreserved,  nonmineral, 
agricultural  public  lands.  The  application  of  E.  L.  Worcester  was 
dated  May  9,  1908,  and  from  the  15th  of  May,  1908,  until  the  2d 


XXVI  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

of  July,  1908,  the  application  was  posted  on  a  bulletin  board  in  the 
office  of  the  bureau  of  lands  with  notice  to  the  effect  that  all  claims 
to  the  above-described  land  must  be  filed  in  the  bureau  of  lands 
in  Manila  before  the  2d  day  of  July,  1908.  July  21,  1908,  the  di- 
rector of  lands  duly  certified  that  the  notice  had  been  posted.  A 
notice  of  intention  to  apply  for  the  lease  was  also  posted  in  the 
Presidencia,  being  the  municipal  building  of  the  principal  town  of 
the  province  in  which  the  land  was  located.  The  notice  of  intention 
to  apply  for  the  lease  was  also  published  for  six  weeks  once  a  week 
in  the  newspaper  known  as  the  Manila  Daily  Bulletin,  in  English, 
and  a  copy  translated  into  Spanish  in  the  leading  Spanish  paper 
of  Manila  called  El  Commercio. 

E.  L.  Worcester  was  not  in  the  public  service.  He  had  lived  in  the 
islands  five  or  six  years  prior  to  the  making  of  the  lease,  and  had 
been  offered  at  different  times  positions  in  the  public  service,  but  had 
declined  them  upon  the  request  of  his  uncle,  Dean  C.  Worcester, 
secretary  of  the  interior,  who  was  not  willing  that  his  nephew  should 
be  in  the  public  service. 

Dean  C.  Worcester,  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  had  not  and  has 
not  any  interest  whatever  in  this  lease.  He  has,  however,  been  very 
unjusth^  criticised  for  permitting  it  to  be  made  to  his  nephew.  He 
declined  at  first  to  act  upon  the  application  and  desired  that  the 
Governor  General  should  act  in  his  stead.  The  director  of  lands 
called  liis  attention  to  the  fact,  however,  that  under  the  provisions  of 
the  statute  the  secretary  of  the  interior  must  himself  act.  Thereupon 
that  official  approved  the  application,  but  instead  of  returning  it  to 
the  director  of  lands,  as  in  the  ordinary  course,  he  did  return  it 
through  the  Governor  General,  to  whom  he  made  the  following! 
communication: 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  lessee  in  this  instance  is  a  nephew  of  the  secretary  of 
the  interior,  the  fact  of  the  issuance  of  this  lease  is  called  to  the  attention  of  the  Gov- 
ernor General  so  that  no  claim  may  ever  be  made  that  due  publicity  did  not  attach 
to  it. 

The  rental  charge  is  that  which  has  been  charged  invariably  for  public  land  of 
similar  character. 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 
Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

The  Governor  General  then  forwarded  the  lease  to  the  director  of 
the  bureau  of  lands  with  the  indorsement: 

Respectfully  returned  to  the  director  of  lands;  contents  noted. 

While  the  sense  of  delicacy  exhibited  by  the  secretary  of  the  interior 
is  quite  creditable,  it  was  hardly  called  for.  As  a  citizen  of  the  United 
States  and  a  resident  of  the  Philippine  Islands  for  several  years, 
E,  L.  Worcester  was,  under  the  Philippine  statute  above  quoted, 
clearly  entitled  to  apply  for  and  demand  a  lease  upon  the  same  terms 
as  anybody  else,  and  the  fact  that  he  was  a  son  of  the  brother  of  the 
secretary  of  the  interior  in  no  way  deprived  him  of  his  legal  rights 
under  the  statute.  We  do  not  think  that  Dean  C.  Worcester,  secre- 
tary of  the  interior,  did  anything  but  his  plain  duty  in  the  matter  of 
this  lease,  and  adverse  criticism  is  wholly  uncalled  for  and  unworthy. 

It  was  suggested  at  the  hearing  that  section  15  of  the  organic  act, 
providing  ^'for  the  granting  and  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occu- 
pants and  settlers  and  other  citizens  of  said  islands/'  excludes  citizens 
of  the  United  States  from  purchasing  or  leasing  public  lands,  because, 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XXVII 

under  section  4,  no  person  can  be  or  become  a  ^itizen  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  except  those  inhabitants  who  were  on  the  11th  of  April,  1899, 
Spanish  subjects  residing  in  the  islands,  and  their  children  subse- 
quently born.  A  consideration  of  sections  13  and  16  and  other 
portions  of  the  act  in  connection  with  section  15  leads  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  it  was  not  the  intention  of  Congress  to  exclude  citizens  of  the 
United  States  from  the  purchase  or  lease  of  public  lands  of  the  United 
States,  but  in  any  event  the  language  of  the  Philippine  statute  clearly 
and  distinctly  confers  that  right,  and  until  such  time,  if  ever,  as  it  shall 
be  found  by  the  proper  court  to  be  in  conflict  with  the  organic  act,  it 
was  and  is  the  duty  of  the  Philippine  officials  to  observe  its  prohibi- 
tions, and  no  fault  can  be  found  with  them  for  so  doing. 

THE  AGREEMENT  WITH  CARPENTER  FOR  LEASE  AND  SALE  OF  LAND  ON 

THE  TALA   ESTATE. 

On  the  20th  of  April,  1908,  the  director  of  lands  entered  into  a 
special  agreement  with  Frank  W.  Carpenter,  wherein  said  Carpenter 
promised  ^ '  to  take  in  lease,  under  certain  terms  and  conditions  here- 
inafter enumerated,  any  and  all  unoccupied  tracts  of  land,  or  tracts 
which  may  hereafter  be  vacated  by  the  present  occupants  thereof, 
which  belong  to  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  con- 
stitute the  property  more  specifically  known  and  designated  as  the 
'Tala  estate,^''  and  the  Philippine  Government  agreed  ^ Ho  reserve 
from  lease  or  sale  to  any  person  or  persons  other  than  said  party  of 
the  second  part,  said  unoccupied  and  vacated  lands  of  said  estate, 
and  to  hold  said  lands  for  the  exclusive  uses  and  purposes  of  said  party 
of  the  second  part.'^  The  leases  were  to  be  for  terms  of  three  years 
each,  on  tracts  of  not  less  than  300  hectares,  and  the  annual  rental 
was  to  be  30  centavos  (15  cents)  per  hectare  for  land  upon  which  no 
crop  was  harvested,  and  1  peso  and  50  centavos  (75  cents)  per  hectare 
for  all  lands  which  produced  a  crop.  Carpenter  was  required  to  lease 
as  a  minimum  300  hectares  the  first  year,  900  the  second  year,  and 
1,500  the  third  year,  and  500  per  year  additional  until  all  of  the  avail- 
able lands  on  said  estate  were  under  lease  to  him.  The  agreement 
also  provided  that,  in  case  application  should  be  made  by  parties 
other  than  Carpenter  for  the  lease  or  purchase  of  any  of  the  reserved 
lands  upon  the  estate  not  actually  held  in  lease  by  him,  he  should 
immediately  execute  a  lease  or  leases  covering  said  lands,  and  in  case 
of  his  neglect ^or  refusal  to  do  so,  the  Government  was  at  liberty  to 
sell  or  lease  the  land  to  other  parties.  Carpenter  was  also  given  ^'tlie 
preference  right  to  lease  any  lands  of  said  estate  now  occupied  or 
leased  which  in  future  may  be  abandoned  or  vacated  by  the  present 
occupants  thereof.'^ 

The  agreement  bound  Carpenter  to  cultivate  200  hectares  during 
the  first  year,  600  the  second  year,  1,000  the  third  year,  and  500  addi- 
tional per  year  thereafter,  until  the  entire  area  occupied  and  leased 
by  him  should  be  under  cultivation,  and  the  grazing  of  cattle  was  not 
to  be  considered  as  cultivation.  Filipinos  have  been  offered  similar 
leases,  but  refused  them  because  the  condition  as  to  cultivation  was 
too  onerous.  At  the  time  of  the  making  of  the  lease  the  Philippine 
friar-land  act  did  not  permit  the  sale  of  large  tracts,  but  it  was  pro- 
vided in  the  agreement  that  if,  by  subsequent  legislation,  the  lands 
should  be  subject  to  sale,  Carpenter  should  be  bound  to  purchase 


XXVIII  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

and  the  Government  bound  to  sell  to  him  the  lands  covered  by  the 
terms  of  the  agreement.  He  has  exercised  his  right  to  purcliase  only 
to  the  extent  of  about  25  acres.  Carpenter  was  bound  by  the  agree- 
ment to  keep  trespassers  from  occupying  any  portion  of  the  lands 
reserved  for  him^  and  it  was  agreed  that  the  director  of  lands  should 
*^in  his  official  capacity  endeavor  to  obtain  on  the  Tala  estate  ade- 
quate police  protection  and  to  secure  all  possible  assistance  from  the 
Government  for  the  construction  of  highways  and  bridges  on  and 
to  the  lands  of  said  estate. ^^  It  does  not  appear  that  any  increase  of 
police  protection  has  resulted.  No  roads  or  mghways  have  been  con- 
structed on  the  estate.  Upon  the  road  leading  out  from  Manila  a 
small  bridge  has  been  constructed  and  about  a  mile  of  road  next  the 
city  has  been  macadamized  with  stone  found  by  the  roadside.  Not, 
however,  because  of  any  agreement  with  Carpenter,  but  because  the 
city,  having  purchased  a  cemetery  site  through  which  an  old  road  ran, 
was  compelled,  in  settlement  of  a  suit  by  the  adjoining  municipality, 
to  provide  a  road  outside  the  cemetery. 

The  agreement  itself  did  not  transfer  any  land  to  the  possession 
of  Carpenter,  but  as  he  from  time  to  time  claimed  lands  under  the 
agreement,  separate  leases  were  executed  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  the  agreement,  and  each  of  them  contained  the  usual  for- 
feiture clauses  for  failure  on  the  part  of  the  lessee  to  comply  with  the 
terms. 

The  Tala  estate  lies  some  8  or  9  miles  from  the  city  of  Manila,  in 
the  Province  of  Eizal.  It  contains  16,740  acres,  for  which  the  Phil- 
ippine Government  paid  $112,054.33.  With  the  exceptions  of  the 
San  Jose  and  Isabela  estates,  it  is  the  most  sparsely  populated  of  all 
the  friar-land  estates,  having  an  average  of  only  about  38  inhabitants 
to  the  square  mile.  About  80  per  cent  of  the  estate  was  unoccupied 
when  the  Carpenter  agreement  was  made.  Although  it  is  located  so 
near  the  city  of  Manila,  it  w  as  not  considered  desirable,  owing  to  the 
bad  character  of  the  roads,  which  made  it  necessary  either  to  walk  or 
go  on  horseback.  The  country  in  former  times  had  been  infested 
by  cattle  thieves  and  robbers  and  still  suffered  from  the  reputation 
it  then  gained.  The  land  is  hilly  and  the  soil  poor.  The  difficulty 
of  finding  purchasers  led  the  director  of  lands  to  enter  into  the  agree- 
ment with  Carpenter.  Under  an  Executive  order  Government 
employees  are  not  permitted  to  go  into  private  business  without  first 
obtaining  the  authority  of  the  Governor  General.  Mr.  Carpenter 
secured  permission  to  engage  in  business.  He  discussed  with  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  the  desirability  of  entering  into  the  agree- 
ment, and  also  took  it  up  with  leading  Filipinos  to  ascertain  if  his 
entering  into  such  an  agreement  would  be  the  subject  of  objection  or 
criticism. 

Mr.  Carpenter's  lease  did  not  cover  the  entire  Tala  estate,  but  did 
cover  12,000  or  18,000  acres.  His  occupancy  and  cultivation  of  the 
lands  encouraged  the  Filipinos  to  such  an  extent  that  they  applied 
for  the  opportunity  to  acquire  portions  of  the  land  covered  by  his 
agreement.  As  fast  as  sucn  applications  were  made,  he  relinquished 
his  right  and  allowed  the  lands  to  be  taken  by  the  Filipinos,  and  in 
this  way  has  parted  with  his  right  to  nearly  10,000  acres,  so  that  he 
now  holds  under  the  agreement  only  about  4,000  acres.  Upon  this 
estate  28  Filipino  purchasers  have  each  acquired  tracts  in  excess  of 
16  hectares,  or  40  acres.     The  net  result  of  the  Carpenter  agreement 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XXIX 

has  been  that  a  large  amount  of  vacant  land  on  the  Tala  estate,  which 
had  long  lain  idle  and  profitless,  has  been  sold  at  an  advance  upon 
the  price  paid  by  the  Government;  that  the  rciUiaining  land  is  now- 
leased  and  will  be  sold,  and  that  much  of  the  land  has  been  brought 
under  cultivation,  and  the  Government  has  already  received  a  con- 
siderable amount  of  revenue  from  land  which  had  not  previously 
yielded  anything.  In  leasing  this  land,  Mr.  Carpenter  acted  entirely 
for  himself,  no  other  persons,  either  directly  or  indirectly,  being 
interested  with  him.  He  holds  the  position  known  as  executive 
secretary,  but  his  official  duties  are  in  no  way  connected  with  the 
administration  of  public  lands  or  friar  lands.  He  has  no  control  over 
them  whatever,  and  no  voice  in  their  management.  The  agreement 
with  Mr.  Carpenter  seems  to  have  been  highly  satisfactory  to  the 
Filipino  people.  No  criticism  of  it  has  been  heard  on  that  side  of  the 
water;  but,  hearing  of  the  criticisms  published  in  this  country,  the 
members  of  the  Philippine  Assembly,  all  of  whom  are  native  Filipinos, 
including  representatives  of  both  political  parties,  met  in  caucus  and 
unanimously  adopted  a  resolution,  which  they  caused  to  be  forwarded 
to  this  committee  through  Hon.  Manuel  L.  Quezon,  Resident  Com- 
missioner in  the  United  States,  recognizing  ^^the  important  and 
Eatriotic  services  rendered  by  Mr.  Carpenter,^'  and  expressing  '^the 
ighest  opinion  of  his  morality,  honor,  and  integrity.'^  We  believe 
that  the  agreement  was  entered  into  with  the  best  of  motives  by  all 
concerned,  and  that  its  operation  has  been  beneficial  to  the  Govern- 
ment and  to  the  people. 

LEASE   OF   FRIAR   LANDS   TO    GEN.  AGUINALDO. 

Gen.  Emilio  Aguinaldo,  well  known  to  fame,  has  been  granted  a 
special  lease  for  2,675  acres  on  the  Imus  estate,  for  the  flat  rental  of 
8  cents  gold  per  hectare  per  annum  and  with  the  option  to  purchase. 

LEASE  TO  SENOR  ARTURO  DANCEL. 

A  special  lease  has  been  granted  to  Senor  Arturo  Dancel,  a  FiHpino, 
formerly  governor  of  the  Province  of  Rizal,  for  1,397  acres,  for  which 
he  is  charged  a  rental  of  4  cents  gold  per  acre  per  year,  to  be  increased 
to  30  cents  when  marketable  crops  have  been  produced  on  the  land. 
His  lease  runs  for  three  years,  and  he  is  bound  to  place,  the  entire 
tract  under  cultivation  within  that  time. 

THE   THAYER   LEASE. 

One  A.  F.  Thayer,  representing  himself  as  an  agent  of  the  Dilling- 
hams,  of  Honolulu,  held  a  lease  on  the  Binan  estate  for  4,035  acres 
and  another  on  the  Calamba  estate  for  8,217  acres.  These  leases 
were  to  run  for  six  months,  the  rental  being  4  cents  gold  per  acre  pen- 
men th,  or  48  cents  per  annum.  Mr.  Thayer  proved  to  be  either  a 
myth  or  a  fraud,  it  is  by  no  means  certain  that  he  represented 
the  Dillinghams,  and  in  any  event  he  has  absconded  and  his  affairs, 
including  these  leases,  placed  by  the  court  in  the  hands  of  a  business 
man  of  Manila  as  receiver.  It  is  uncertain  whether  that  receiver  will 
carry  out  the  terms  of  the  leases,  or  throw  the  land  back  upon  the 
Government. 


XXX  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

In  answer  to  the  charge  or  suggestion  made  that  the  Secretary  of 
War  reported  to  Congress  only  one  apphcation  for  a  certain  number 
of  acres,  whereas  in  point  of  fact  the  PhiHppine  Government  had 
leased  to  Thayer  a  larger  amount,  as  shown  by  the  testimony  before 
us,  it  should,  in  justice,  be  said  that  the  confusion,  or  discrepancy, 
seems  to  be  largely  a  matter  of  dates.  Mr.  Thayer  first  made  one 
application  and  at  a  later  period  made  another  for  an  increased 
amount  of  land,  and  at  a  still  later  period  he  abandoned  part  of  his 
claim.  There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  real  discrepancy  in  the 
reports  and  statements  which  have  been  made. 

EVICTIONS    FROM   FRIAR   LANDS. 

As  already  stated,  there  were  upon  the  friar  lands  at  the  time  of 
their  purchase  over  161,000  persons  living.  They  had  previously 
refused  to  pay  any  rent  to  the  friars,  and  some  of  them  refused  to 
pay  rent  to  the  Philippine  Government.  Three  thousand  four  hundred 
and  twenty-nine  eviction  suits  were  brought  for  the  purpose  of  causing 
the  tenants  to  acknowledge  the  ownership  of  the  Government  in 
the  lands  and  to  pay  rents.  These  eviction  suits  were  nearly  all 
amicably  adjusted,  and  the  total  number  of  actual  evictions  was 
only  260,  a  very  creditable  showing  under  all  the  circumstances. 

FILIPINO    OCCUPANTS     ENCOURAGED    TO    PURCHASE     THEIR    HOLDINGS 
AND    OTHER    FILIPINOS    INDUCED    TO    ACQUIRE    FRIAR    LANDS. 

The  officials  of  the  Philippine  Government  have  made  every  effort 
to  induce  tenants  to  purchase  their  holdings,  and  have  also  encouraged 
former  occupants,  who  had  abandoned  their  holdinf^^s,  to  take  them 
up  again,  and  have  also  made  efforts  to  persuade  Filipinos  who  have 
never  occupied  friar  lands  to  become  purchasers.  These  natives  were 
offered  the  land  at  the  minimum  price  which  would  yield  to  the 
Government  the  cost  of  the  individual  holding,  pa3^able  in  annual 
installments  spread  over  the  maximum  period  consistent  with  the 
retirement  of  the  friar-land  bonds  at  maturity.  The  leasing  of  the 
friar  lands  fixed  the  status  of  the  lessee  as  an  occupant  and  conferred 
upon  him  the  right  to  purchase  his  holdings,  ^^'hen  the  occupant 
of  the  land  had  once  attorned  to  the  Government,  no  question  of 
title  could  thereafter  be  raised.  Temporary  leases  were  made,  in 
many  instances  in  advance  of  the  actual  surve3^s  of.  the  land  and 
ascertainment  of  the  extent  and  value  of  the  holdings.  An  immense 
amount  of  survey  work  and  numerous  complicated  calculations  were 
required  before  the  areas  of  individual  parcels  could  be  fi.xed.  The 
Philippine  Legislature  did  not  appropriate  for  as  many  survej^^ors 
as  were  deemed  necessary  by  the  director  of  lands  and  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  and  it  was  a  long  time  before  the  estates  could  all  be 
surveyed  and  offered  for  actual  sale. 

THE    CALIFORNIA    CORPORATIONS. 

Three  California  corporations  have  acquired  public  (not  friar)  land 
in  the  Philippines — the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co.,  1,024  hactares; 
the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co.,  832  he<?tares;  and  San  Francisco 
Agricultural  Co.,  832  hectares.     The  stockholders  in  these  companies 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XXXI 

are  all  relatives  or  friends  of  Charles  J.  Welch,  one  of  the  purchasers 
of  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  the  public  lands  thus  acquired  by  them 
are  adjacent  to  the  said  estate.  None  of ,  the  purchasers  of 
the  San  Jose  estate  are  stockholders  in  any  of  these  three  corpora- 
tions, and  none  of  the  stockholders  in  any  one  of  these  three  corpora- 
tions are  stockholders  in  either  of  the  other  two.  Section  75  of  the 
organic  act,  Umiting  the  amount  of  land  which  may  be  acquired  by 
corporations  to  1,024  hectares,  provides  that  ^^corporations  not  organ- 
ized in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein  shall  be 
bound  by  the  provisions  of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable." 
None  of  the  three  corporations  named  has  exceeded  the  fixed  limit  of 
corporate  holdings.  E.  L.  Poole,  the  manager  of  the  San  Jose  estate, 
is  also  the  manager  of  each  one  of  the  three  California  companies,  but 
he  has  no  financial  interest  in  any  of  them.  It  is  the  intention  that 
they  shall  cultivate  their  lands  and  sell  the  cane  produced  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Each  of  these  corporations  is  authorized  by  its  charter  to  engage 
in  agriculture,  and  each  one  complied  with  the  legal  requirements  and 
obtained  a  license  to  do  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

The  question  has  arisen  as  to  the  right  of  corporations  chartered 
in  the  United  States  to  acquire  public  lands  in  the  Philippines. 
Section  15  of  the  organic  act  provides — 

(1)  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and  empow- 
ered, on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for  the  grant, 
or  sale,  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens  of  said 
islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber  and  mineral 
lands  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands,  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  16 
hectares  to  any  one  person; 

(2)  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than  1,024  hectares  to  any  corpq,- 
ration  or  associations  of  persons; 

(3)  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be 
paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  conditioned  upon  actual  and  continued 
occupancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not 
less  than  five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate 
or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restriction  shall  not  apply  to 
transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the  distribution  of  the 
estates  of  decedents. 

Referring  now  to  the  first  division,  Wha.  is  meant  by  the  term 
'^actual  occupants ?''  Clearly  it  means  persons  already  upon  the 
land.  ^^An  occupant  is  one  who  has  the  actual  use  or  possession  of 
a  thing.''  (2  Bouvier's  Law  Diet.,  538.)  '^Settlers,''  as  the  term  is 
used,  means  something  different  from  ^^  actual  occupants.''  It 
means  persons  who  were  not  actual  occupants  at  the  time  of  the  pas- 
sage of  the  act,  and  may  include  all  persons  who  go  upon  lands  for  the 
purpose  of  making  a  settlement  and  acquiring  title.  Section  21 
speaks  of  lands  ^'entered  and  occupied  as  agricultural  lands  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  but  not  patented." 

The  proviso,  which  constitutes  the  third  division,  requires  all  per- 
sons to  become  and  to  remain  for  five  years  at  least  actual  occupants 
as  well  as  settlers. 

/^Actual  occupants  and  settlers"  are  not  required  by  the  first 
division  to  be  citizens  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  unless  the  use  of 
the  word  '^ other"  is  to  be  considered  as  working  such  a  requirement. 

The  first  division  relating  to  persons  is  complete  in  itself 

The  second  division  is  a  thing  separate  and  apart  and  complete  in 
tself .     It  makes  no  mention  whatever  of  either  occupants,  settlers, 


XXXII  ADMINISTBATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

or  citizens,  but  expressly  authorizes  ^^  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not 
more  than  1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  per- 
sons.'^ As  timber  and  mineral  lands  are  excluded,  the  lands  which  can 
be  acquired  are  plainly  the  agricultural  lands  required  to  be  classified 
under  section  13. 

Section  75  provides  that  ^^  every  corporation  organized  to  engage 
in  agriculture  shall,  by  its  charter,  be  restricted  to  the  ownership 
and  control  of  not  exceeding  1,024  hectares  of  land,'^  and  that  ^^cor- 
porations not  organized  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business 
therein  shall  be  bound  by  the  provisions  of  this  section,  so  far  as  they 
are  applicable/^ 

Sections  15  and  75,  whether  considered  separately  or  together, 
clearly  contemplate  that  any  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in 
agriculture  may,  whether  chartered  in  the  Philippine  Islands  or 
elsewhere,  acquire  1,024  hectares  of  agricultural  land. 

The  act  contains  further  restrictions  as  to  valuable  mineral  lands 
and  vacant  coal  lands  found  upon  the  public  domain;  but  either 
may  be  acquired  in  smaller  quantity  (placer  claims  64  hectares, 
coal  lands  128  hectares)  by  corporations  chartered  either  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  or  in  the  United  States. 

SUMMARY. 

We  find  that  the  administration  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
has  been  fairly  and  honestly  conducted,  and  that  the  charges  and 
insinuations  to  the  contrary  which  have  been  made  against  the  i 
officials  charged  with  the  execution  of  the  laws  in  relation  thereto,  I 
whether  ofiicers  of  the  Philippine  government  or  of  the  United  States,  i 
are  unwarranted  and  unjust.  W.  Cameron  Forbes,  governor  gen-j 
eral;  Dean  C.  Worcester,  secretary  of  the  interior;  Charles  H.  Sleeper, ; 
director  of  lands;  and  Frank  W.  Carpenter,  executive  secretary,  arej 
able,  earnest,  patriotic  men,  honestly  performing  their  duties  under! 
more  or  less  trying  circumstances.  i 

No  corporation  can  lawfully  hold  more  than  1,024  hectares  (2,500' 
acres)  of  any  kind  of  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  no  corpora- 
tion has  been  permitted  to  purchase  more  than  that  amount  of  either 
pubhc  lands  or  friar  lands  since  the  passage  of  the  act  of  1002. 

Section  15  of  the  organic  act  limits  the  sale  of  public  lands  to  16 
hectares,  or  40  acres — the  amount  of  public  lands  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  which  lawfully  may  be  sold  to  any  purchaser  other  than  a 
corporation.     No  sale  in  excess  of  that  amount  has  been  made. 

Sections  13,  14,  15,  and  16  of  the  organic  act  do  not  apply  to  the 
sale  and  disposition  of  the  friar  lands. 

Citizens  of  the  United  States,  as  well  as  citizens  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  are  clearly  authorized  by  the  organic  act  of  1902  to  pur- 
chase valuable  mineral  lands  and  vacant  coal  lands  forming  part  of 
the  public  domain;  but  it  is  claimed  that,  as  to  agricultural  lands, 
the  right  of  purchase  is  limited  to  citizens  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 
Technically,  as  defined  by  the  act  of  1902,  citizens  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  are  those  Spanish  subjects  who  resided  in  the  islands  April  11, 
1899,  and  their  children  subsequently  born.  No  other  person  can, 
under  existing  law,  become  such  citizen,  no  matter  how  long  he  may 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XXXIII 

have  been  resident  in  the  islands.  Congress  should,  by  appropriate 
legislation,  more  clearly  express  its  intention,  whether  individual 
citizens  of  the  United  States  are  to  be  included  or  excluded  as  pur- 
chasers of  agricultural  public  land  of  the  United  States  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands. 

While  we  see  no  objection  to  the  acquisition  of  homes  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  officials  or  employees  of  the  Government, 
whether  American  or  Filipino,  we  advise  against  speculation  in  public 
lands  by  public  officials,  and  are  pleased  to  note  that  the  members 
of  the  Philippine  Commission  have  refrained  therefrom. 

There  are  about  60,000,000  acres  of  public  land  in  the  Philippines, 
the  sale  of  which  is  restricted  by  law  to  40  acres  to  a  natural  person 
or  2,500  acres  to  a  corporation,  each  sale  to  be  conditioned  upon 
actual  occupancy  and  cultivation  of  the  lands  for  at  least  five  years, 
during  which  the  purchaser  may  neither  sell  nor  encumber  them. 
There  are  only  about  123,000  acres  of  unoccupied  and  vacant  friar 
lands  remaining.  These  can  not  be  sold  in  such  small  tracts,  and 
subject  to  such  burdensome  conditions,  at  prices  which  will  enable 
the  Philippine  government  to  reimburse  itself  and  pay  ofT  the  bonds 
issued  for  their  purchase.  If  that  is  to  be  accomplished,  they  will 
have  to  be  sold  in  larger  tracts  than  those  permitted  for  public  lands, 
and  without  the  substantially  prohibitive  conditions  of  nonalienation 
or  enciimbrance.  We  feel  that  the  sale  of  such  a  comparatively 
small  amount  of  land  in  somewhat  largar  tracts  than  40  acres,  and 
without  the  conditions  mentioned,  would  not  be  injurious  to  the  best 
interests  of  the  islands  and  could  not  be  considered  as  evidencing  a 
policy  or  intention  to  permit  their  exploitation. 

At  present  corporations  are  limited  to  2,500  acres  each.  There  is 
no  limitation  at  all  to  the  quantity  of  friar  lands  that  may  be  acquired 
by  noncorporate  purchasers.  The  advisability  of  enacting  reasonable 
limitations  respecting  the  quantity  of  friar  lands  that  may  hereafter 
be  acquired,  either  by  individuals  or  corporations,  is  respectfully 
commended  to  the  consideration  of  Congress. 

Marlin  E.  Olmsted. 

E.  D.  Crumpacker. 

E.  L.  Hamilton. 

Charles  E.  Fuller. 

Wm.  H.  Graham. 

Herbert  Parsons. 

D.   E.  McKlNLAY. 

Albert  Douglas. 

C.  V.   FORNES. 

I  fully  concur  in  the  foregoing  report  as  far  as  it  goes,  but  desire 
to  make  the  following  additional  suggestions: 

1.  As  the  question  of  law  is  important,  and  as  it  is  also  important 
that  the  land  titles  in  the  Philippines  shall  be  settled  and  dearly 
ascertained,  and  as  the  judgment  of  this  committee  is  not  final,  I 
think  a  test  suit,  or  suits,  should  be  brought  b}^  the  proper  govern- 
ment officials  for  the  purpose  of  securing  a  judicial  determination 
as  to  the  application  of  the  limitation  of  section  15  of  the  act  of 
Congress  of  1902  to  the  sale  of  friar  lands  under  section  65. 


COO>7  oO 


n.  Rcp^  22^9,  61-3- 


XXXIV  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

2.  As  the  law  now  stands,  corporations  of  any  country,  by  simply 
filing  the  certified  copies  of  their  charters,  may  acquire  lands  in  the 
PhiHppine  Islands  to  the  amount  of  2,500  acres.  I  think  that  this 
right  should  be  limited  to  corporations  chartered  in  the  Philippines 
or  in  the  United  States.  The  Philippine  Legislature  has  authority 
to  make  such  limitation,  and  unless  it  does  I  think  that  Congress 
should  act. 

3.  The  friar  lands  are  only  400,000  acres,  the  private  lands  in  the 
Philippines  about  7,000,000,  and  public  lands  about  60,000,000. 
The  latter  are  limited  by  law  to  sale  to  individuals  in  tracts  not  to 
exceed  40  acres,  the  purchaser  to  live  upon  and  cultivate  them  for  five 
years,  during  which  period  he  may  neither  sell  nor  mortgage  them. 
It  is  plain  from  the  evidence  in  this  case  that  upon  these  conditions 
no  considerable  amount  of  these  public  lands  will  ever  be  sold.  I 
think  that  Congress  should  enlarge  the  amount  which  may  be  sold 
to  a  single  individual  and  provide  that  when  he  has  paid  for  the 
lands  in  full  he  may  be  permitted  to  mortgage  them,  as  this  will  often 
be  necessary  to  enable  him  to  put  up  the  necessary  buildings  and 
acquire  the  necessary  stock  for  the  habitation  and  cultivation  of  the 
lands,  which  it  is  the  principal  object  of  the  law  to  secure.  With 
such  a  provision  of  law,  I  do  not  think  that  any  distinction  should 
be  made  whereby  corporations  can  acquire  more  than  individuals. 

4.  Inasmuch  as  the  United  States  has  already  expended  many  mil- 
Uons  of  dollars  in  freeing  the  Filipinos  from  the  despotism  of  Spain, 
in  affording  them  a  good  government,  and  in  preserving  peace  there, 
it  would,  in  my  judgment,  be  absurd  to  enact  or  so  construe  any  law 
as  to  exclude  Americans,  whether  officeholders  or  not,  from  the  acqui- 
sition and  occupation  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  I  do  not 
agree  with  the  theory  that  investments  of  American  capital  there  in 
reasonable  amounts  will  tend  to  defer  the  independence  of  the  islands, 
but  rather  it  will  have  the  contrary  effect.  No'body  would  suggest 
that  we  should  turn  the  islands  loose  without  providing  in  some  way 
for  their  protection  by  the  United  States  or  by  some  other  power,  and 
this  can  more  readily  be  accomplished  when  Americans  are  interested 
in  the  islands  than  when  they  are  not.  Such  investments  there  by 
Americans  would  make  the  United  States  more  careful  in  affording 
protection  to  the  independent  government  that  might  be  established 
there  and  would  thus  insure  its  greater  stability. 

A.  W.  RUOKER. 

The  preamble  of  the  resolution  under  which  this  investigation 
has  been  held  states  that  ^4t  has  been  publicly  charged  that  sales 
and  leases  of  public  lands  have  been  made  in  the  Philippines  in  vio- 
lation of  law.'^  The  duty  placed  upon  the  committee  was  ^Ho 
make  a  complete  and  thorough  investigation  of  the  interior  depart- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Government  touching  the  administration 
of  Philippine  lands  and  all  matters  of  fact  and  law  pertaining  thereto, 
whether  the  same  are  to  be  had  in  the  United  States,  the  Philippine 
Islands,  or  elsewhere,  and  to  report  to  the  House  during  this  Congress 
all  the  evidence  taken  and  the  findings  and  recommendations  thereon. '^ 
The  committee  has  fully  discharged  its  duty  to  make  a  complete 
and  thorough  investigation  of  the  interior  department  of  the  Phil- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XXXV 

ippines  with  regard  to  the  administration  of  Phihppine  lands,  and 
we  concur  in  the  findings  of  the  foregoing  that  there  have  been 
no  sales  of  Philippine  lands  in  violation  of  lawi,  and  that  the  officials 
having  in  charge  the  execution  of  the  land  laws  of  the  Philippines 
have  been  honest  and  conscientious.  They  are  not,  in  our  judg- 
ment, subject  to  censure;  their  task  has  not  been  an  easy  one; 
they  have  had  many  burdens  laid  upon  them,  not  the  least  of  which 
has  been  the  interpretation  of  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  1902,  pro- 
viding a  civil  government  for  the  Philippines  with  regard  to  the 
lands  they  were  administering. 

It  would  have  been,  indeed,  remarkable  if,  under  all  the  circum- 
stances that  have  surrounded  them,  they  had  made  no  mistakes.  We 
have  tried  to  consider  their  conduct  as  it  has  been  disclosed  to  us 
in  a  fair  and  impartial  manner,  not  as  persons  who  seek  for  the 
opportunity  to  criticize,  nor  as  those  who  try  to  avoid  seeing  things 
that  are  open  to  criticism,  and  we  join  in  acquitting  those  under 
investigation  of  any  intentional  violation  of  law.  We  believe  they 
endeavored  always  to  act  in  accord  with  the  law  as  the}^  understood 
it,  and,  in  cases  where  the  exercise  of  discretion  was  involved,  that 
they  acted  in  that  manner  which  they  conscientiously  believed  was 
for  the  best  interests  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States  and 
the  Filipino  people.  We  believe  the  Philippine  Commission  has 
made  some  mistakes  in  matters  of  poUcy,  and  have,  in  our  judgment, 
without  wrongful  purpose,  misconstrued  some  portions  of  the  organic 
act  that  afi'ect  public  and  friar  lands.  We  are  not  engaged  in  an 
investigation  of  the  Philippine  Commission,  but  some  of  these  mat- 
ters are  pertinent  to  this  inquiry,  and  we  have  commented  on  them. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  only  one  member  of  that  body  and 
can  not,  of  course,  be  charged  with  responsibility  for  its  acts  any 
further  than  can  any  single  member  of  a  legislative  body  be  held 
to  such  accountability. 

LEASES  OF  PUBLIC  LANDS  FOR  LONG  TERMS. 

We  do  not  believe  leases  should  be  made  of  public  lands  for  long 
terms.  The  law,  as  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Government,  now  per- 
mits a  lease  of  public  lands  for  25  years,  with  the  privilege  of  renewal 
for  25  years  additional.  Where  the  land  leased  is  valuable  and  pro- 
ductive, that  creates  an  estate  of  great  value.  It  is  of  higher  value 
than  a  lease  for  life.  Much  of  the  land  of  the  Philippines  is  very 
productive,  and  ultimately  it  will  be  demonstrated  that  a  long-time 
lease  is  of  considerable  value  where  made  on  a  large  and  productive 
tract,  and  a  large  demand  for  them  will  arise.  It  will  need  but  a 
few  men  to  make  a  financial  success  of  such  a  venture  to  cause  many 
to  ask  the  same  opportunit}^.  It  is  true  that  discretion  is  lodged  in 
the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  as  to  the  time  for  which  the 
lease  may  be  granted,  but  he  will  have  great  trouble  in  refusing  one 
man  what  he  has  granted  to  another.  The  law  does  not  confine 
leases  to  citizens  of  the  islands,  and  we  think  properly  so.  The  Filipino 
people  are  not  at  present  disposed  to  take  leases  of  large  tracts  for 
long  terms,  and  only  Americans  are  likely  to  do  so,  and  the  acquisi- 


XXXVI  ADMIISriSTRATIOlSr    OF   PHILIPPHsTE  LANDS. 

tion  by  them  of  leases  to  large  and  productive  tracts  for  the  period 
of  a  half  century  will  not  tend  to  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people 
of  the  islands.  We  recommend  an  amendment  of  the  organic  act, 
limiting  leases  to  public  lands  to  such  reasonable  periods  as  will 

{)roperly  safeguard  the  interests  of  all  concerned.  We  believe  such 
eases  should  be  limited  to  10  years,  with  option  to  renew  for  a  like 
term. 

SALES  OF  PUBLIC  LANDS  TO  ^' CITIZENS.'' 

By  the  terms  of  the  public-lands  act,  enacted  by  the  Philippine 
Commission,  title  in  fee  simple  may  be  acquired  to  not  more  tlian  16 
hectares  of  the  agricultural  public  land  by  citizens  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  or  of  the  United  States,  or  any  insular  possession  thereof, 
and  corporations  may  acquire  title  to  not  exceeding  1,024  hectares. 

We  do  not  believe  the  commission  lias  correctly  interpreted  the 
organic  act  in  this  respect.  It  is  clear  to  us  that  natural  persons  who 
are  not  citizens  of  the  Philippine  Islands  are  not  granted  the  privilege 
of  acquiring  title  to  agricultural  public  lands.  Section  15  of  tlie 
organic  act,  which  is  the  section  providiiig  for  the  sale  of  such  lands, 
is  as  follows : 

Sec.  15.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and 
empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for 
the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citi- 
zens of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands,  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not 
exceeding  sixteen  hectares  to  any  one  person,  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not 
more  than  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association 
of  persons:  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price 
be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  conditioned  upon  actual  and  contin- 
ued occupancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the  |)remises  sold  for  a  period  of 
not  less  than  five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate 
or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restriction  shall  not  apply  to 
transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the  distribution  of  the 
estates  of  decedents. 

It  will  be  noted  that  so  far  as  natural  persons  are  concerned,  the 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  in  granting,  selling,  and  con- 
veA^ing  agricultural  public  lands,  is  restricted  to  ^'actual  occupants 
and  settlers  and  other  citizens  of  said  islands."  This  is  the  only 
section  naming  the  class  of  persons  to  wliom  siicli  land  can  be  con- 
veyed in  fee;  and,  under  a  very  familiar  rule  of  statutory  construction, 
those  not  named  are  excluded.  It  is  equally  clear  that  corporations 
are  permitted  to  acquire  agricultural  ])ublic  lands,  and  there  is  no 
requirement  in  the  organic  act  that  they  shall  be  confined  to  cor- 
porations composed  of  citizens  of  tlie  islands  or  corporations  organized 
in  the  islands.  By  the  provisions  of  section  74  of  the  organic  act  the 
Phili])pine  Government  isem])owered  to  ^^ grant  francliiscs,  privileges, 
and  concessions.'^  Of  ccTirse  the  power  to  grant  incIiHles  the  power 
to  deny,  and  the  Philippine  Government  can  deny  access  to  the 
islands  of  any  and  all  corporations  not  organized  under  the  laws  of  the 
Philippine  Government.  That  government  is,  under  the  organic  act, 
a  body  ])olitic.  Its  people  who  inhabited  the  islands  at  the  time  of 
the  cession  of  the  islands  from  Spain  and  their  children  are  not 
citizens  of  the  United  States.     It  is  a  familiar  rule  that  the  inhabitants 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XXXVII 

of  ceded  territory  do  not  become  citizens  of  the  United  States  unless 
made  so  by  the  treaty  of  cession  or  by  act  of  iConf^ress. 

The  treaty  of  Paris  provides  only  that  Conf^ress  will  determine 
the  poHtical  status  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Phihppines,  and  Con- 
gress has  provided  only  that  they  are  citizens  of  the  ishmds.  Hence 
the  Government  of  the  Phihppine  Islands  is,  to  a  great  degree,  a 
separate  and  distinct  pohtical  entity,  deriving,  of  course,  its  right 
to  exist  and  its  powers  and  privileges  from  the  Government  of  the 
United  wStates,  and  certainly  having  the  right  under  its  organic  act 
(the  same  as  a  State)  to  admit  or  exclude  such  corporations  as  it 
sees  fit,  and  to  admit  them  upon  such  terms  as  it  desires  to  impose. 
Every  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  is,  by  section  75  of  the 
organic  act,  confined  to  the  ownership  of  1,024  hectares,  and  no 
member  of  such  corporation  is  permitted  to  be  in  anywise  interested 
in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture,  and  all  commercial 
or  manufacturing  corporations  are  confined  to  the  ownership  of  the 
land  necessary  to  enable  them  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which 
they  were  created.  With  these  limitations  and  the  power  given 
the  Philippine  Government  over  all  corporations  doing  or  seeking  to 
do  business  in  the  islands,  it  is  apparent  that  Congress  felt  that  cor- 
porations should  be  permitted  to  acquire  agricultural  public  lands 
to  the  maximum  of  1,024  hectares,  while  restricting  natural  persons 
to  16  hectares. 

If  any  sales  have  been  made  to  persons  not  citizens  of  the  islands, 
they  have  been  few.  The  purchase  of  40  acres  of  Philippine  land, 
with  the  provision  as  to  occupancy  and  improvement  and  restriction 
as  to  alienation  contained  in  the  organic  act,  is,  of  course,  very  effec- 
tual to  keep  Americans  from  purchasing,  and  the  question  is  not  very 
important  now,  except  that  any  departure  from  the  provisions  of  the 
organic  act  is  certain  to  be  the  source  of  more  or  less  agitation  and 
criticism,  and  Congress  should  pass  an  act  that  will  set  at  rest  any 
doubt  about  the  matter.  We  believe  that  the  amount  that  can  be 
secured  as  a  homestead  should  be  increased  to  100  acres  and  that  citi- 
zens of  the  United  States  not  in  the  Philippine  service  should  be  quali- 
fied entrymen.  We  do  not  believe  that  those  in  the  Philippine  service, 
whether  in  or  out  of  the  department  of  the  interior,  should  be  per- 
mitted to  acquire  public  lands  of  any  kind  outside  of  town  sites,  and 
then  only  such  amount  as  is  necessary  for  a  residence.  The  matter 
of  supreme  importance  to  the  Government  and  people  of  the  United 
States  in  the  Philippine  Islands  is  the  orderly  administration  of  the 
government.  It  is  not  alone  necessary  that  our  officials  there  should 
be  just,  honest,  and  disinterested,  but  also  that  everything  should  be 
avoided  that  could  be  made  the  basis  of  a  suspicion  that  they  are  not 
and  give  rise  to  criticism  and  political  agitation.  This  applies  to 
leases  of  public  lands  as  well  as  to  purchase. 

SALE  OF  THE  SAN  JOSE  ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  not  sold  to  the  Sugar  Trust,  but  it  was  sold  to  its 
next-door  neighbor.  One  of  the  men  to  whom  it  was  sold,  Horace 
Havemeyer,  was  at  the  time  a  director  of  the  American  Sugar  Refin- 
ing Co.     Another,  Charles  H.  Senfl',  had  been  its  vice  president,  and 


XXXVIII  ADMINISTEATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE  UVNDS. 

the  third,  who  appears  to  be  largely  the  moving  spirit  in  the  trans- 
action, is  Charles  J.  Welch,  a  sugar  commission  merchant  and  a 
large  producer  of  sugar  in  Cuba  and  Hawaii.  They  appreciated  the 
profit  certain  to  be  made  by  the  establishment  of  a  large  sugar  plan- 
tation in  the  Philippines,  with  a  modern  mill  for  the  manufacture  of 
raw  sugar,  after  300,000  tons  of  sugar  should  be  permitted  to  come 
into  the  United  States  free  of  duty,  as  it  now  does  under  the  provi- 
sions of  the  Payne  Tariff  Act.  The}^  were  quick  to  seize  the  business 
opportunity  presented,  and  sent  agents  to  the  Philippines  to  locate 
suitable  lands.  Capt.  Sleeper,  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands, 
solicited  them  to  buy  the  San  Jose  estate.  It  was  tejftantless  and 
vacant,  and  there  was  no  hope  to  sell  it  for  many  years,  if  ever,  to 
small  landholders. 

It  had  cost  the  government  a  large  sum  of  money,  which  money 
had  been  borrowed,  and  each  year  an  additional  sum  had  to  be  paid 
out  for  interest.  The  island  on  which  it  was  located  was  sparsely 
settled  and  there  was  no  hope  to  secure  tenants  for  it.  There  seemed 
nothing  ahead,  unless  it  could  be  sold  to  some  capitalist  who  desired 
to  establish  a  large  plantation,  except  to  let  it  be  idle  and  profitless 
and  continue  to  pay  out  interest  upon  the  investment.  That  is  but 
a  fair  statement  of  the  situation,  and  it  is  but  fair  to  the  officials  of 
the  interior  department  to  state  it  in  that  way.  They  were  charged 
with  the  duty  of  selling  all  the  friar  lands  and  turning  the  proceeds 
into  the  sinking  fund  to  meet  the  bonds  issued  for  their  purchase 
when  due,  and  naturally  they  felt  that  they  would  be  expected  to  get 
the  best  results  obtainable,  and  that  it  was  a  good  business  proposi- 
tion for  the  Philippine  Government  and  for  the  Filipino  people,  who 
will  have  to  pay  any  deficit  in  the  sinking  fund,  to  sell  the  San  Jose 
estate  to  whatever  person  was  ready,  able,  and  willing  to  pay  a  fair 
price  for  it.  They  believed,  also,  tliat  a  sugar  plantation,  conducted 
along  modern  lines,  would  be  of  real  educational  value  to  the  people 
of  the  islands.  C{>[)ital  has  been  very  shy  of  the  Philippines,  more 
so  than  these  ofiicials  thought  was  justified,  and  they  have  believed 
that  its  investment  there  would  bring  about  the  development  of  the 
great  natural  resources  of  the  islands,  and  they  have  been  somewhat 
impatient  with  the  slowness  with  which  it  has  been  attracted  there. 
We  believe  these  views  were  honestly  entertained,  and  what  was 
done  in  pursuance  thereof  was  done  in  the  spirit  of  helpfulness  and 
with  a  conviction  that  it  was  for  the  best  interest  of  all  concerned. 

We  fully  concur  with  the  conclusion  of  the  majority  that  there  was 
nothing  in  the  organic  act  that  prohibited  the  sale;  that  the  limitation 
of  16  hectares  that  natural  persons  could  purchase  of  the  agricultural 
public  land  did  not  apply  to  the  friar  lands  seems  to  us  a  conclusion 
that  can  not  be  escaped,  and  there  is  nothing  #e  can  add  to  the  clear 
exposition  of  the  law  on  that  subject  set  out  in  the  foregoing  report. 
We  are  confident  that  the  same  interpretation  will  be  placed  upon  the 
sections  discussed  and  construed  by  the  committee,  by  the  courts  if 
the  questions  involved  ever  reach  them,  and  unless  Congress  acts 
speedily  and  removes  all  doubt  upon  those  questions  the  law  officers 
of  this  Government  should  bring  a  proceeding  that  will  settle  them. 
The  sale  of  the  friar  lands  or  the  public  lands  in  large  tracts,  as  In  the 
case  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  should  in  the  future  be  absolutely  pro- 


ABMIlSriSTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XXXIX: 

hibiterl.  A  proper  limitation  should,  as  promptly  as  possible,  be 
placed  upon  the  amount  of  such  lands  that  can  be  acquired  by  both 
natural  persons  and  corporations.  The  San  Jose  incident  is  one  that 
should  stand  as  a  warning  both  to  the  Philippine  Government  and  the 
United  States.  Mr.  Welch  had  no  sooner  acquired  the  San  Jose 
estate  for  himself  and  immediate  associates  than  he  caused  to  be 
organized  what  have  been  described  in  the  majority  report  as  the 
California  corporations. 

The  stockholders  of  these  corporations  are  made  up  of  his  wife, 
brothers-in-law,  business  associates,  and  clerks.  Of  course,  he  is  the 
dominating  figure,  and  by  the  community  of  interest  that  is  apparent 
in  the  situation,  there  is,  to  all  practical  intents  and  purposes,  a 
holding  of  about  62,000  acres  of  Philippine  land  by  one  person.  It 
is  possible  that  Mr.  Welch  and  these  California  corporations  and 
their  stockholders  have  violated  the  inhibitions  of  section  75  against 
members  of  one  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  being  interested 
in  similar  corporations,  and  in  the  light  of  the  testimony  developed 
in  this  hearing  that  matter  should  have  the  attention  of  the  Philip- 
pine law  officers.  The  whole  matter  has  worked  out  in  such  manner 
as  to  clearly  indicate  what  will  happen  if  the  Philippines  are  thrown 
open  to  exploitation  by  American  capitalists.  The  reason  and  his- 
tory of  the  friar-land  purchase  are  very  clearly  set  out  in  the 
majority  report.  By  the  provisions  of  section  63  of  the  organic  act 
the  Philippine  Government  is  given  the  power  to  acquire,  hold,  and 
convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  is  also  empowered  to 
acquire  real  estate  for  public  uses  hy  the  exercise  of  the  right  of 
eminent  domain.     Section  64  provides  in  part: 

That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  sixty-three  may  also  be  exercised 
in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments  which,  on  the 
thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  were  owned  or  held  by 
associations,  corporations,  communities,'  religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in 
such  large  tracts  or  parcels  or  in  such  manner  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission 
injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

If  the  balance  of  the  unoccupied  friar  lands,  amounting  to  about 
125,000  acres,  is  permitted  to  go  in  large  tracts  into  the  hands  of 
American  capitalists,  that  will,  with  the  San  Jose  estate,  amount  to 
practically  one-half  of  them  being  accjuired  by  large  landowners, 
no  one  of  which  will,  in  all  probability,  live  in  the  islands,  and  it  may 
be  but  the  commencement  of  a  system  of  absentee  landlordism  that 
might  develop  into  a  system  equally  as  obnoxious  as  the  old  one  under 
the  friars.  The  reason  for  purchasing  the  friar  lands  was  largely 
political.  It  was  to  get  rid  of  a  class  that  disturbed  political  con- 
ditions. That  object  has  been  attained,  and  it  was  worth  all  it  cost 
if  not  another  dollar  is  returned  to  the  treasury  to  pay  the  bonds 
issued  to  buy  the  lands.  We  should  make  this  policy  plain  to  our 
officials  in  the  islands  by  placing  a  reasonable  limitation  upon  the 
amount  of  friar  lands  that  can  be  acquired  by  an  individual.  As  the 
lands  are  in  a  class  distinct  from  the  public  lands  of  the  United  States 
Government,  and  as  they  were  acquired  by  bonds  now  a  charge 
upon  the  people  of  the  islands,  and  as  the  proceeds  of  sales  go  to 
discharge  those  bonds,  we  quite  agree  that  they  may  well  be  sold  in 
tracts  somewhat  larger  than  40  acres,  and  that  more  liberal  require- 


XL  ADMINISTBATION  OF  PHrLIPPrNE  LANDS. 

ment  as  to  cultivation  and  restriction  on  alienation  and  encumbrance 
might  be  made,  and  we  join  most  heartily  in  commending  to  Congress 
consideration  of  the  question  of  placing  a  reasonable  limitation  upon 
the  quantity  of  friar  lands  that  may  be  acquired  by  an  individual, 
and  we  indulge  the  hope  that  until  Congress  has  had  opportunity 
to  act  that  no  further  sales  will  be  made  of  such  lands  in  large  tracts. 

E.   H.   Hubbard 
C.  R.  Davis. 
E.  H.  Madison. 


Exhibit  A. 

Opinion  of  the  law  officer  of  the  Bureau  of  Lands  on  the  question  whether  the  Director  of 
Lands  has  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to  purchase  from  the 
Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands,  constituting  a  portion  of  the  friar-lands 
purchase,  without  restriction  as  to  area. 

Sir:  Pursuant  to  your  verbal  instructions  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following 
opinion: 

QUESTION, 

Has  the  Director  of  Lands  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to 
purchase  from  the  Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands,  constituting  a  portion 
of  the  "friar-lands"  purchase,  without  a  restriction  as  to  area? 


For  the  determination  of  this  question  it  is  first  necessary  to  determine  whether 
the  so-called  friar  lands  are  "public  lands"  within  the  meaning  of  the  public-land 
act,  and  so  subject  to  the  restriction  that  not  more  than  16  hectares  of  unoccupied 
and  unreserved  public  land  can  be  acquired  by  purchase  from  the  Government  by  an 
individual. 

Section  10  of  the  public-land  act,  referring  to  sales  of  the  public  domain,  restricts 
the  operation  of  the  public-land  act,  as  regulating  sales  of  the  public  domain,  to 
"unoccupied,  unappropriated,  and  unreserved,  nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land, 
as  defined  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902." 

The  definition  referred  to,  contained  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  is  found 
in  section  12  thereof  as  follows: 

"All  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
by  the  United  States,  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain  signed  December  10, 1898, 
except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  designated  by  the  President  of  the 
United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  government  of  said  islands,  to  be 
administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  provided  in  this 
act." 

At  the  date  of  the  signing  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  the  so-called  friar  lands  were  of  private 
ownership,  and  the  government  acquired  no  property  or  rights  in  them  (except  those 
of  eminent  domain,  which  it  exercises  over  all  property  of  private  ownership).  Sub- 
sequently the  government,  under  special  authority  of  Congress,  acquired  these  lands 
by  purchase  from  their  then  owners,  and,  except  for  any  restrictions  imposed  by  Con- 
gress or  by  legislation  subsequently  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission  or  the 
legislature,  it  is  as  free  to  dispose  of  them  as  would  be  any  private  purchaser  from  the 
former  owners. 

The  restrictions  imposed  by  Congress  in  this  respect  are  contained  in  section  65  of 
said  act  of  July  1,  1902,  and  are  as  follows: 

"  Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute 
a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  government  on  such  terms  and  conditions 
as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act: 
Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the 
money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized 
to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section,  and  said  deferred  pay- 
ments shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  moneys  realized  or 
received  from  sale  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  constitute 
a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds,  and  also  constitute 
a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity.  Actual  settlers  and 
occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  government  shall  have  the  pref- 
erence over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within  such  rea- 
sonable time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  government." 


XLn  ADMINISTItATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Section  65  of  the  Philippine  act,  just  quoted,  expressly  authorizes  the  sale  of  these 
lands,  subject  only  to  the  limitations  imposed  in  the  act  itself ,  with  the  proviso  that  actual 
settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  of  purchase  shall  have  the  prior  right  to  lease  and 
purchase.  This  proviso  has  no  application  in  the  present  case,  as  the  lands  under 
discussion  are  unoccupied  and  vacant  and  were  so  at  the  time  of  the  purchase. 

An  examination  of  the  Philippine  act  of  July  1,  1902,  fails  to  disclose  any  restriction 
as  to  the  amount  of  vacant  friar  lands  that  may  be  sold  to  or  acquired  by  an  individual, 
and  there  is  none  in  existing  legislation. 

The  existing  prohibition  against  a  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  owning 
or  controlling  more  than  1 ,024  hectares  of  land  is  not  to  be  extended  by  implication 
to  include  an  individual  or  even  a  voluntary  association  of  individuals;  it  is  a  piece  of 
what  is  popularly  known  as  "antitrust"  or  " anticorporation "  legislation,  and  numer- 
ous reasons  can  be  assigned  as  to  why  the  legislature  saw  fit  to  make  the  prohibition 
as  to  corporations  and  not  as  to  individuals. 

It  is  true  that  in  section  9  of  the  friar-lands  act,  No.  1120,  the  Director  of  Lands  was 
directed  to  proceed  in  the  sale  or  leasing  of  vacant  friar  lands  "as  provided  in  Chapter 
II  of  the  public-land  act,"  but  this  unquestionably  referred  to  method  to  be  followed 
and  the  steps  to  be  taken  in  such  leasing  or  selling  and  not  to  the  restrictions  that 
limited  an  individual  purchaser  to  16  hectares. 

If  there  were  any  doubt  on  this  latter  point,  it  is  of  no  importance  now,  as  this  pro- 
vision of  section  9  of  act  No.  1120  was  repealed  by  act  No.  1847. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  Director  of  Lands  may  sell  and  an  individual  purchaser 
may  acquire  vacant  and  unoccupied  friar  lands  without  any  restriction  as  to  area. 
Very  respectfully, 

Louis  C.  Knight, 
Attorney,  Bureau  oj  Lands, 

The  Director  of  Lands, 

Manila,  P.I. 

Certified  as  correct  copy: 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 


Exhibit  B. 

Opinion  of  the  attorney  general,  Philippine  Islands,  on  the  question  whether  the  director 

of  lands  has  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to  purcJtase  from  the 

Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands,  constituting  a  portion  of  the  friar-lands 

purchase,  without  restriction  as  to  area. 

Manila,  October  18,  1909. 

Sir:  In  compliance  with  your  request  of  the  12th  instant,  I  have  the  honor  to 
render  an  opinion  upon  the  following  question: 

Has  the  director  of  lands  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to 
purchase  from  the  Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands  constituting  a  portion 
of  the  friar-lands  purchase  without  a  restriction  as  to  area? 

It  appears  from  your  communication  that  this  question  has  arisen  from  an  inquiry 
that  was  made  in  the  United  States  as  to  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  de  Mindoro 
estate  by  an  individual,  and  you  say  it  is  understood  that  an  opinion  was  offered  at  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  that  an  individual  could  not  purchase  more  than  16  hectares 
of  unoccupied  friar  lands.  As  I  can  not  agree  with  that  opinion,  I  shall  state  at  some 
length  the  grounds  upon  which  my  conclusion  is  based. 

The  question  submitted  seems  to  involve  a  determination  of  whether  or  not  the 
so-called  friar  lands,  in  making  sales  thereof,  are  to  be  treated  as  public  lands,  so 
as  to  make  applicable  thereto  the  restrictions  of  the  public-land  act  as  to  the  area 
which  may  be  sold  to  an  individual. 

The  purchase  of  the  properties  known  as  the  friar  lands  was  authorized  by  Congress 
in  sections  63,  64,  and  65  of  the  act  of  July  1,  1902,  known  as  the  Philippine  bill. 
The  Congress  of  the  United  States,  after  providing  in  section  63  of  said  act  that  the 
Government  might  acquire,  receive,  hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  per- 
sonal property,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  said  act,  and 
after  providing  in  section  64  for  the  purchase  of  the  so-called  friar  lands,  further  pro- 
vided in  section  65  as  follows: 

"That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute  a  part 
and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  Government  on  such  terms  and  conditions 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XL!  1 1 

as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act: 
Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the 
money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized 
to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section  and  said  deferred  pay- 
ments shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  moneys  realized  or 
received  from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  constitute 
a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds  and  also  constitute 
a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity.  Actual  settlers  and 
occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government  shall  have  the  prefer- 
ence over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within  such  reasonable 
time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Government." 

It  will  be  observed  that  saidf  section  65  provides  "that  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue 
of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute  a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of 
the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands;"  we  must  first  ascertain  whether  these 
so-called  friar  lands  as  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
are  to  be  considered  "public  lands"  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words  are  used  in  the 
public-land  act. 

Section  12  of  said  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  known  as  the  Philippine  bill,  pro- 
vides as  follows: 

"That  all  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain,  signed  on  Decem- 
ber tenth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as 
shall  be  designated  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other 
reservations  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the 
control  of  the  Government  of  said  islands,  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the 
inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  provided  in  this  act." 

After  providing  in  said  section  12  of  the  Philippine  bill  for  the  administration  by 
the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  of  the  property  and  rights  which  were 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace 
with  Spain,  with  the  exception  stated,  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  provided 
in  section  13  as  follows: 

"That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this 
act  and  except  as  herein  provided,  shall  classify  according  to  its  agricultural  character 
and  productiveness,  and  shall  immediately  make  rules  and  regulations  for  the  lease, 
sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  public  lands  other  than  timber  or  mineral  lands,  but 
such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into  effect  or  have  the  force  of  law  until  they 
have  received  the  approval  of  the  President,  and  when  approved  by  the  President 
they  shall  be  submitted  by  him  to  Congress  at  the  beginning  of  the  next  ensuing  ses- 
sioft  thereof,  and  unless  disapproved  or  amended  by  Congress  at  said  session  they  shall 
at  the  close  of  such  period  have  the  force  and  effect  of  law  in  the  Philippine  Islands: 
Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  16  hectares  in  extent." 

It  should  be  noted  that  these  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  relate  to  public  lands 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace 
with  Spain.  Under  said  authority  conferred  by  Congress,  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  administers  the  public  lands  of  the  United  States  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  of  these  islands,  and,  pursuant  thereto,  the 
Philippine  Commission  passed  Act  No.  926,  entitled,  as  amended  by  act  No.  979: 

"An  act  prescribing  rules  and  regulations  governing  the  homesteading,  selling, 
and  leasing  of  portions  of  the  public  domain  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  prescribing 
terms  and  conditions  to  enable  persons  to  perfect  their  titles  to  public  lands  in  said 
islands,  providing  for  the  issuance  of  patents  without  compensation  to  certain  native 
settlers  upon  the  public  lands,  providing  for  the  establishment  of  town  sites  and  sale 
of  lots  therein,  and  providing  for  a  hearing  and  decision  by  the  court  of  land  registration 
of  all  applications  for  the  completion  and  confirmation  of  all  imperfect  and  incomplete 
Spanish  concessions  and  grants  in  said  islands,  as  authorized  by  sections  thirteen, 
fourteen,  and  fifteen  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two, 
entitled  'An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil 
government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes.'  " 

Sections  12  and  13  of  said  act  of  Congress,  above  quoted,  relate  only  to  "property 
and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United 
States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain  " ;  while  under  the  provisions  of  section  65 
of  the  same  act,  the  friar  lands,  when  acquired,  became  a  portion  of  the  public  property 
of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands;  so  that  said  lands  could  not  have  been 
considered  in  tjie  enactment  of  sections  12  and  13  of  the  Philippine  bill,  nor  in  the 
passage  of  the  public-land  act. 

In  Chapter  II  of  said  public-land  act,  under  the  heading  "Sales  of  portions  of  the 
public  domain,"  it  is  provided  in  section  10  that  any  citizen  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
or  of  the  United  States,  or  of  any  insular  possession  thereof,  or  any  corporation  or  like 


XLIV  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

association  of  persons  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  any  State, 
Territory,  or  insular  possession  thereof,  and  authorized  to  transact  business  in  the 
Philippine  Islands,  may  purchase  any  tract  of  unoccupied,  unappropriated,  and 
unreserved  nonmineral  agricultural  public  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  as  defined 
in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  not  to  exceed  16  hectares  for  an  individual  or 
1,024  hectares  for  a  corporation  or  like  association,  etc. 

It  will  be  observed  that  in  said  section  13  of  the  Philippine  bill,  above  quoted, 
the  Congress  made  provision  with  reference  to  the  lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition 
of  the  "public  lands"  other  than  timber  or  mineral  lands,  and  in  the  heading  to  said 
Chapter  II  of  the  public-land  act  the  commission  used  the  term  "public  domain," 
and  in  said  section  10  used  the  term  "public  land."  The  term  "public  land"  and 
the  terra  "public  domain"  are  here  used  synonymously;  in  fact,  these  terms  mean 
the  same  thing.  (Barker  v.  Harvey,  181  U.  S.,  481,  490,  citing  Newhall  v.  Sanger, 
92  U.  S.,  761,  763;  see  also  Bardon  v.  U.  P.  R.  P.  Co.,  145  U.  S.,  335,  538,  and  Mann  v. 
Tacoma  Land  Co.,  153  U.  S.,  273,  284.) 

The  supreme  court  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  in  the  case  of  Montano  v.  Insular 
Government  (12  Phil.  Rep.,  572),  held  that  "in  acts  of  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States  the  term  'public  lands'  is  uniformly  used  to  describe  so  much  of  the  national 
domain  under  the  legislative  power  of  the  Congress  as  has  not  been  subjected  to 
private  right  or  devoted  to  public  use." 

In  the  course  of  its  decision  in  said  case  the  Supreme  Court,  in  referring  to  the 
former  case  of  Mapa  v.  The  Insular  Government  (10  Phil.  Rep.,  175),  said: 

"In  the  concurring  opinion,  in  order  to  avoid  misapprehension  on  the  part  of  those 
not  familiar  with  United  States  land  legislation  and  a  misunderstanding  of  the  reach 
of  the  doctrine  it  w^as  pointed  out  that  under  the  decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States  the  phrase  ^public  lands'  is  held  to  be  equivalent  to  'public  domain' 
and  does  not  by  any  means  include  all  lands  of  Government  ownership,  but  only  so 
much  of  said  lands  as  are  thrown  open  to  private  appropriation  and  settlement:  by 
homestead  and  other  like  general  laws.  Accordingly,  'Government  land'  and  'public 
land'  are  not  synonymous  terms;  the  first  includes  not  only  the  second,  but  also  other 
lands  of  the  Government  already  reserved  or  devoted  to  public  use  or  subject  to 
private  right.  In  other  words,  the  Government  owns  real  estate  which  is  part  of  the 
'public  lands'  and  other  real  estate  which  is  not  part  thereof." 

At  the  time  of  the  ratification  of  the  treaty  of  peace  between  the  United  States  and 
Spain,  and  long  prior  thereto,  the  lands  now  known  as  the  friar  lands  were  occupied, 
appropriated,  and  of  private  ownership.  The  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
was  specially  authorized  by  the  Congress  to  acquire  said  lands,  and  accordingly  pur- 
chased them.  The  act  of  Congress  provides  that  the  actual  settlers  and  occupants  at 
the  time  of  the  acquisition  of  said  lands  by  the  Government  shall  have  the  preference 
over  all  others,  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings.  It  is  therefore  clear  that 
the  friar  lands,  as  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  are 
not  "public  lands"  in  the  sense  in  which  that  term  is  used  in  the  Philippine  bill  and 
in  the  public-land  act;  and,  except  as  it  may  be  limited  by  legislation,  the  Govern- 
ment is  as  free  to  sell  or  otherwise  dispose  of  said  lands  as  would  be  any  purchaser  of 
of  real  estate  of  private  ownership. 

With  a  view  to  carrying  out  the  powers  conferred  upon  the  Philippine  Government 
in  said  act  of  ('ongrcss,  with  reference  to  the  acquisition,  administration,  lease,  and 
sale  of  the  so-called  friar  lands,  the  Philippine  Commission  passed  act  No.  1120,  en- 
titled: 

"An  act  providing  for  the  administration  and  temporary  leasing  and  sale  of  certain 
haciendas  and  parcels  of  land,  commonly  known  as  friar  lands,  for  the  purchase  of 
which  the  (^rovernment  of  the  Philippine  Islands  has  recently  contracted,  pursuant  to 
the  provisions  of  sections  sixty-three,  sixty-four,  and  sixty-five  of  an  act  of  the  Con- 
gress of  the  Ihiited  States  entitled  'An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administra- 
tion of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  pur- 
poses,' approved  on  the  first  day  of  July,  nineteen  hundred  and  two." 

And  in  the  preamble  of  said  act  the  Philippine  Commission  said: 

"Whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  'public  lands'  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words 
are  used  in  the  public-land  act,  numbered  nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  and  can  not 
be  acquired  or  leased  under  the  provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper 
agencies  for  carrying  out  the  terms  of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  requirements  of 
said  act  of  Congress  with  reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and  the 
creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to  secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued:  Now,  there- 
fore," etc. 

It  thus  appears  that  the  Philippine  Commission  itself  held  that  the  friar  lands  are 
not  "public  lands"  in  the  legal  sense  of  thovse  words;  and  the  provisions  of  said  act 
No.  1120,  with  reference  to  the  sale  of  the  friar  lands,  are  so  different  from  the  provisions 


ADMIISriSTRATIOISr   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XLV 

of  the  public-land  act  relating  to  the  sale  of  portions  of  the  public  lands  it  appears  to 
be  unquestionable  that  the  provisions  of  the  public-land  act  have  no  application 
whatever  to  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  the  friar  lands;  but  we  must  look  to  said  act 
of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  and  to  said  act  No.  1120  and  its  amendments  for  the  provi- 
sions of  law  relating  to  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  said  friar  lands,  and,  in  the  absence 
of  any  restrictions  in  said  legislation  as  to  the  amount  of  vacant  or  unoccupied  friar 
lands  which  may  be  sold  to  or  acquired  by  an  individual,  it  must  be  held  that  there  are 
no  such  restrictions. 

In  this  connection  attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  it  was  originally  provided  in 
section  9  of  said  act,  No.  1120,  as  follows: 

' '  In  the  event  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  should  find  any  of  the  said  lands 
vacant,  he  is  directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may  either  lease 
such  unoccupied  lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years  or  oi  er  the  same  for  sale, 
as  in  his  judgment  may  seem  for  the  best  interests  of  the  Government,  and  in  making 
such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  chapter  2  of  the  public-land  act." 

Said  section  9  was  amended  by  the  Philippine  Legislature  on  June  3,  1908,  in  act 
No.  1847,  to  read  as  follows: 

"In  the  event  the  director  of  lands  should  find  any  of  the  said  lands  vacant,  he  is 
directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may  either  lease  such  unoccupied 
lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years  or  offer  the  same  for  sale  as  in  his  judgment 
may  seem  for  the  best  interests  of  the  Government,  and  in  making  such  sales  he  shall 
proceed  as  provided  in  section  11  of  this  act," 

Thereafter,  on  May  20,  1909,  in  act  No.  1933,  the  Philippine  Legislature  again 
amended  said  section  9  to  read  as  follows : 

' '  In  the  event  the  director  of  lands  should  find  any  of  said  lands  vacant  he  is  directed 
to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may  either  lease  such  unoccupied  lands 
for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years,  or  sell  same,  as  may  be  solicited,  and  in  making 
such  leases  or  such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  section  11  of  this  act." 

It  thus  appears  that  whatever  may  have  been  the  meaning  of  the  words  "as  provided 
in  chapter  2  of  the  public-land  act"  in  said  section  9  as  originally  enacted,  these 
words  now  have  no  meaning  or  application  in  the  lease  or  sale  of  the  friar  lands,  but 
in  making  such  leases  or  such  sales  the  director  of  lands  shall  proceed  as  provided  in 
section  11  of  said  friar-lands  act. 

Said  section  11,  as  amended  by  acts  Nos.  1847  and  1933,  is  as  follows: 

"Should  any  person  who  is  the  actual  and  bona  fide  settler  upon  and  occupant 
of  any  portion  of  said  lands  at  the  time  the  same  is  conveyed  to  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  desire  to  purchase  the  land  so  occuj)ied  by  him,  he  shall  be  enti- 
tled to  do  so  at  the  actual  cost  thereof  to  the  Government,  and  sliall  be  allowed  to  pay 
for  same  in  equal  annual  or  semiannual  installments:  Provided,  lioivevcr,  That  payment 
by  installments  shall  be  in  such  amounts  and  at  such  time  that  the  entire  amount  of 
the  purchase  price,  with  interest  accrued,  shall  be  paid  at  least  one  year  before  the 
maturity  of  what  are  known  as  the  'friar-land  bonds,'  issued  under  the  provisious  of 
act  Numbered  One  thousand  and  thirty-four,  that  is,  on  or  before  February  first, 
nineteen  hundred  and  thirty-three.  The  terms  of  purchase  shall  be  agreed  upon 
between  the  purchaser  and  the  director  of  lands,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior  and  all  deferred  payments  on  the  purchase  price  shall  bear 
interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  per  annum. 

''  In  case  of  lease  of  vacant  lands,  as  well  as  in  case  of  sale  of  some  imder  the  provi- 
sions of  section  nine  of  this  act,  the  director  of  lands  shall  notify  the  municipal  presi- 
dent or  municipal  presidents  of  the  municipality  or  municipalities  in  which  said 
lands  lie  before  the  same  takes  place.  Upon  receipt  of  such  noti  lication  by  said  munici- 
pal president  or  municipal  presidents  the  latter  shall  pul^lish  the  same  for  three  con- 
secutive days,  by  bandillos,  in  the  poblacion  and  barrio  nr  barrios  affected,  and  shall 
certify  all  these  acts  to  the  director  of  lands,  who  shall  then,  and  not  before,  proceed 
to  execute  the  contract  of  lease  or  to  make  the  said  sale  with  preference,  other  condi- 
tions being  equal,  to  the  purchaser  who  has  been  a  tenant  or  bona  fide  occupant  at  any 
tinui  of  the  said  lands  or  part  thereof,  and  if  there  has  been  more  than  one  occupant, 
to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant:  Provided,  however,  That  no  contract  for  the  lease  of  and 
no  sale  of  vacant  lands  made  in  accordance  with  this  section  shall  be  valid  nor  of  any 
effect  without  the  requisite  as  to  publication  by  bandillos  above  provided." 

It  therefore  clearly  appears  that  the  restrictions  of  the  public-land  act  with  refer- 
ence to  the  amount  of  public  land  which  may  be  sold  to  an  individual,  or  to  a  corpora- 
tion or  like  association  of  persons,  are  not  applicable  in  the  sale  of  the  friar  lands; 
but  that  the  only  restrictions  with  reference  to  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  the 
friar  lands  are  to  be  found  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  providing  for  the 
purchase  of  said  lands,  and  in  act  No.  1120  and  its  amendments  providing  for  the 
administration,  lease,  and  sale  thereof. 


XLVI  ADMIISriSTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

This  inquiry  relates  only  to  the  authority  of  the  director  of  lands  to  "sell  to  an 
individual  or  an  individual  to  purchase  from  the  Government  vacant  and  unoccupied 
lands  constituting  a  portion  of  the  friar-lands  purchase  without  a  restriction  as  to 
area";  but  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  call  attention  to  the  provisions  of  section  75  of  the 
Philippine  bill,  as  follows: 

"That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying  and 
selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be 
reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purpose  for  whirh  it  is  created,  and 
every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be  restricted 
to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares 
of  land;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in  agri- 
culture or  mining  and  for  any  corporation  organized  for  any  prupose  except  irrigation 
to  be  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or  in 
mining.  Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and  pur- 
chase real  estate  when. necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose  of 
real  estate  so  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title.  Corporations  not 
organized  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein  shall  be  bound  by  the 
provisions  of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable." 

An  attention  is  also  invited  to  the  proviso  of  paragraph  5  of  section  13  of  act  No.  1459, 
as  follows : 

"That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying  and 
gelling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be 
reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created, 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  be  restricted  to  the 
ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  of 
land;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture 
or  mining  and  for  any  corporation  organized  for  any  purpose  except  irrigation  to  be 
in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or  in  mining. 
Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and  purchase  real 
estate  when  necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose  of  real  estate 
so  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title." 

In  view  of  all  the  provisions  of  law  affecting  the  subject  matter  of  your  inquiry, 
I  am  of  the  opinion  that  there  is  no  provision  of  law  limiting  the  area  of  the  friar  lands 
which  may  be  sold  to  an  individual  or  which  an  individual  may  acquire  from  the 
Government,  and  that  there  are  no  restrictions  as  to  the  amount  of  such  lands  which 
may  be  sold  to  or  be  acquired  by  a  corporation,  except  the  provisions  of  said  section 
75  of  the  Philippine  bill  and  paragraph  5  of  section  13  of  the  corporation  law,  above 
quoted. 

Very  respectfully,  Geo.  R.  Harvey, 

Solicitor  General. 

The  Director  of  Lands, 

Manila, 

Approved: 

Ignacio  Villamor, 
''  Attorney  General. 


Exhibit  G. 

Supplementary  opinion  of  attorney  general  Philippine  Islands, 

A  careful  examination  of  the  speech  delivered  by  Mr.  Martin  on  the  floor  of  the 
House,  June  13, 1910,  in  so  far  as  it  deals  with  the  legal  aspect  of  the  so-called  friar-land 
sales,  shows  that  his  whole  contention  may  be  concisely  stated  as  follows: 

"That  the  words  'subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act' 
appearing  in  sections  63,  64,  and  65  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  refer  to  the 
16-hectare  limitation  to  an  individual  and  1,024  hectares  to  a  corporation  as  provided 
in  section  15  of  said  act." 

A  similar  question  has  been  decided  by  the  undersigned  in  an  opinion  rendered 
October  18,  1909.  In  view,  however,  of  the  important  proportions  which  the  debate 
on  this  question  has  attained,  I  deem  it  proper  to  supplement  said  opinion  with  the 
following  statement: 

In  the  opinion  above  referred  to  it  was  held  that  so-called  friar  lands  may  be  sold  to 
an  individual  without  limitation  as  to  area,  but  as  regards  corporations  not  more  than 
1,024  hectares  could  be  sold  by  virtue  and  under  the  provisions  of  section  75  of  the 
organic  act  and  section  13,  paragraph  5,  of  act  No.  1459  of  the  Philippine  Commission. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  XLVII 

It  has  repeatedly  been  asserted  that  the  limitatioik  contained  in  section  15  of  the 
Philippine  bill,  to  wit,  not  more  than  16  hectares  of  public  lands  to  an  individual,  for 
homestead  purposes,  is  also  applicable  to  friar  lands. 

Attention  is  called  to  the  distinction  made  in  said  opinion  between  lands  of  the 
public  domain,  or  lands  acquired  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  Paris,  and 
the  lands  purchased  from  the  religious  orders  by  the  Philippine  Government  by 
authority  of  Congress.  The  disposition  of  such  lands  is  subject  to  certain  conditions 
and  limitations  expressly  provided  for  each  of  them,  and  said  conditions  and  limita- 
tions can  not  indifferently  be  made  applicable  to  either  without  annulling  the  very 
object  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902. 

If  the  friar  lands,  after  their  acquisition  by  the  Philippine  Government,  had  been 
added  to  the  public  lands,  as  contended  in  Mr.  Storey's  opinion  in  refutation  of  the  one 
rendered  by  Attorney  General  Wickersham,  it  would  be  beyond  question  that  the  limi- 
tations prescribed  for  public  lands  would  be  applicable  to  friar  lands.  In  my  judgment, 
a  perusal  of  section  65  of  said  act  of  Congress  leaves  no  ground  for  such  an  assumption. 

Congressman  Martin  (Congressional  Record,  June  17,  1910,  p.  8482)  made  the  state- 
ment that — 

"The  Philippine  Commission  by  the  public-land  act,  passed  October  7,  1903,  sub- 
jected the  public  lands  to  the  limitations  contained  in  section  15  of  the  organic  act,  and 
by  the  friar-land  act,  passed  April  26,  1904,  subjected  the  friar  lands  to  the  limitations 
contained  in  the  public-land  act.  These  acts  of  the  commission  were  merely  declara- 
tory of  the  organic  law." 

It  is  unquestionable  that  the  limitation  in  section  15  of  the  organic  act  is  embodied 
in  section  10  of  the  public-land  act  of  the  Philippines,  but  section  9  of  the  friar-land  act 
applies  the  restrictions  of  the  public-land  act  only  upon  unoccupied  friar  lands.  This 
limitation  of  the  friar-land  act  was  not  provided  in  compliance  with  section  15  of  the 
organic  act.  The  Philippine  Commission,  acting  in  accordance  with  the  powers  thereto 
vested  by  section  65  of  said  organic  act,  deemed  it  convenient  to  impose  the  same 
limitation  as  to  area  upon  the  unoccupied  friar  lands.  Section  9  of  act  1120  of  the 
Philippine  Commission  (the  friar-land  act)  is  not  merely  declaratory  of  section  15  of 
the  organic  act,  inasmuch  as  the  public-land  act  (No.  926),  referred  to  in  the  friar-land 
act,  contains  provisions  not  included  in  said  section  15,  viz,  provisions  for  the  survey 
of  the  land  in  continuous  legal  subdivisions,  provisions  for  the  sale  by  competitive 
bidding,  and  fixing  the  rate  of  interest  at  6  per  cent  per  annum. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  section  9  of  act  1120  was  amended  by  act  1847  which  abolished 
said  limitation  on  friar  lands,  and  was  further  amended  by  act  1933  of  the  Philippine 
Legislature.  Both  amendatory  acts  were  submitted  to  the  United  States  Congress, 
in  compliance  with  section  86  of  the  organic  act,  and  not  having  been  annulled,  it 
may  be  reasonably  assumed  that  Congress  in  conferring  authority  upon  the  Philippine 
Commission  to  enact  said  friar-land  act,  recognized  in  the  Philippine  Legislature  the 
power  to  amend  the  same. 

An  examination  of  the  provisions  of  the  Philippine  bill  which  have  direct  bearing 
upon  the  question  at  issue,  shows  that  in  the  enactment  of  provisions  relating  to  the 
lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  agricultural  public  lands  of  the  United  States, 
Congress  provided  the  conditions  and  limitations  under  which  said  lands  might  be 
disposed  of.  In  the  enactment  of  provisions  for  the  disposition  of  the  mineral  lands. 
Congress  provided  the  limitations  and  conditions  under  which  said  mineral  lands 
might  be  disposed  of.  In  the  enactment  of  provisions  authorizing  the  Philippine 
Government  to  purchase  private  lands,  then  owned  and  held  by  religious  orders  and 
others.  Congress  provided  the  limitations  and  conditions  under  which  said  lands  might 
be  acqinred  by  the  Philippine  Government,  and  also  certain  limitations  and  conditions 
under  which  they  might  be  sold,  leased,  or  otherwise  disposed  of  by  said  Government, 
and  it  is  not  reasonable,  logical,  or  sensible  to  contend  that  the  limitations  and  condi- 
tions prescribed  with  reference  to  public  lands  of  the  United  States  are  applicable 
in  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  the  friar  lands  purchased  by  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment. There  is  nothing  in  the  act  to  show  that  such  was  the  intention  of  Congress 
and  such  a  conclusion  can  only  result  from  the  confusion  arising  from  treating  the 
friar  lands  as  public  lands  of  the  United  States,  and  ignoring  the  very  clear  distinction 
between  public  lands  of  the  United  States  and  the  friar  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Government. 

It  will  be  observed  that  in  section  16  of  the  organic  act  it  is  provided  that  "the  prior 
right  hereby  secured  to  an  occupant  of  (public)  land  who  can  show  no  other  proof  of 
title  than  possession,  shall  not  apply  to  more  than  16  hectares  in  any  one  tract."  On 
the  other  hand,  section  65  of  the  same  act  provides  that  '^actual  settlers  and  occupants 
at  the  time  said  (friar)  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government  shall  have  the  preference 
oyer  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within  such  reasonable 
Hme  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Government."     The  distinction  in  the  foregoing 


XLVIII  ADMI]SriSTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

provisions  relating  to  public  and  friar  lands  shows  that  the  limitation  of  16  hectares  to 
an  individual  is  not  applicable  to  friar  lands. 

In  authorizing  the  Philippine  Government  to  acquire  by  purchase  said  friar  lands, 
it  was  clearly  the  intention  of  Congress  to  end  the  serious  agrarian  troubles  that  had 
arisen  between  the  tenants  of  said  lands  and  the  friars.  The  solution  intended  was  to 
sell  the  lands  in  such  areas  as  they  occupied.  Referring  to  said  lands,  the  Senate 
report  (Mar.  31,  1902)  stated: 

"The  bill  provides  a  method  by  which  the  Government  can  buy  these  lands  from 
the  friars  and  transfer  them  on  suitable  terms  to  the  actual  occupants." 

How  could  actual  settlers  and  occupants  of  large  areas  be  given  the  preference  over 
all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  if  they  were  to  be  limited  to  the 
small  area  of  16  hectares? 

The  Philippine  bill  was  introduced  in  the  Senate  January  7,  1902,  and  reported  by 
the  committee  March  31.  This  report  states  in  part  (S.  Kept.  No.  915,  57th  Cong., 
1st  sess.): 

"The  two  sections  following  these  relate  to  the  granting  of  franchises  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  (sees.  74  and  75).  The  committee  feel  that  it  is  of  the  greatest  importance 
for  the  proper  development  of  the  islands  that  capital  be  encouraged  to  enter  the 
islands,  but  in  order  to  prevent  any  improper  exploitation  which  would  be  to  the 
detriment  of  the  inhabitants  these  sections  are  strongly  guarded.  Ample  opportunity 
is  given  to  capital,  but  the  restrictions  are  rigid.  This  portion  of  the  bill  was  drawn 
with  the  greatest  care,  and  it  seems  to  the  committee  that,  as  drawn,  every  public 
interest  is  safely  guarded,  while  at  the  same  time  due  encouragement  is  given  to 
capital." 

The  rendering  of  this  committee  report  was  followed  by  a  lively  debate  in  the 
Senate.  Congressman  Martin,  in  support  of  his  conclusion  that  the  clause  in  section 
65,  "subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act,"  refer  to  the 
16-hectare  limitation  to  an  individual  and  1,024  hectares  to  a  corporation,  quotes 
(Cong.  Rec,  p.  8497)  passages  of  the  debate  in  the  Senate.  It  will  be  noted  that  every 
one  of  the  speakers  discussed  franchises  to  corporations,  as  provided  in  the  sections 
referred  to  in  the  above  quoted  report,  Nos.  74  and  75,  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902. 

On  May  9,  1902,  Senator  Teller,  as  quoted  by  Mr.  Martin,  spoke  of  the  bill,  and 
said,  in  part,  as  follows: 

"I  want  some  one  to  tell  me  why  a  corporation  should  be  permitted  to  take  5,000 
acres  of  land  there.  If  1  corporation  may  take  5,000  acres,  10  corporations  may  each 
take  5,000  acres." 

That  the  Senator  had  reference  to  the  franchise  provision  of  the  organic  act  in  ref- 
erence to  friar  lands  may  be  seen  from  the  following  excerpt  of  Mr.  Foraker's  speech 
(Cong.  Rec,  p.  5290): 

' '  Now,  in  this  bill  a  provision  is  made  to  solve  the  difficulty  we  are  having  on  account 
of  these  friar  lands  being  tied  up  in  this  way,  which  provision  has  been  criticized  by 
the  Senator  from  Colorado  (Mr.  Teller)." 

Senator  Deboe,  also  quoted  by  Mr.  Martin,  on  May  16,  speaking  of  the  Philippine 
bill,  reported  by  Mr.  Lodge's  committee,  said: 

"It  ought  to  be  arranged  so  as  to  open  up  the  islands  to  settlement  by  the  people 
and  guard  against  too  much  liberality  against  corporations." 

Senator  Beveridge  is  next  cited  by  Mr.  Martin,  who,  in  answer  to  Senator  Dubois, 
on  May  23,  said  (p.  5866): 

"He  spoke  of  syndicates  taking  these  lands,  and  yet  the  Senator  knows  that  in  this 
bill  it  is  provided  that  no  corporation  shall  own  more  than  5,000  acres  of  land." 

Subsequently,  on  May  27,  Senator  Patterson  also  spoke  of  the  franchise  provisions 
of  the  Philippine  bill,  stating  (p.  5966): 

**I  call  attention  to  the  provision  which  authorizes  the  commission  to  dispose  of 
the  public  lands  in  tracts  of  5,000  acres." 

It  will  appear  from  the  foregoing  that  in  every  single  instance  the  debate  was  directed 
against  ''too  much  liberality  against  corporations,"  and  every  speaker  took  up 
that  portion  of  the  bill  providing  franchises  to  corporations  and  the  area  of  land  they 
could  acquire  under  the  law.  Immediately  after  the  debate.  May  29,  1902,  Mr.  Lodge 
offered  several  amendments,  one  of  them,  couched  in  the  words  "subject  to  the  limi- 
tations and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,"  contained  in  section  65  of  said  organic 
act,  having  been  interpreted  to  refer  to  the  limitations  provided  for  in  section  15  of 
said  act.  The  interpretation  of  said  limiting  clause  has  become  the  paramount  issue 
in  this  controversy. 

In  this  connection,  attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  the  clause  above  quoted 
was  inserted  at  a  time  when  the  bill  before  the  Senate  did  not  contain  section  15. 

As  above  noted,  the  franchise  provisions  of  the  organic  act  were  attacked  in  the 
Senate,  and  therefore  the  amendment  passed  by  that  body  had  reference  to  section 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  XLIX 

75  of  the  act  prescribing  the  limitation  of  1,024  hectares  of  land  to  a  corporation,  and 
not  to  section  15,  which  applies  exclusively  to  public  lands  and  only  became  a  part 
of  the  act  under  discussion  after  the  Lodge  amendment  had  been  approved. 

The  record  shows  that  the  Senate  objected  to  sales  of  friar  lands  in  great  areas  to 
corporations. 

In  conclusion  it  is  submitted  that  said  limiting  clause  in  section  65  of  the  organic 
act  could  only  refer  to  sections  64,  65,  and  also  to  section  75,  ysrhich  prescribes  the  limi- 
tation of  area  on  all  corporations  in  general  and  not  to  section  15,  which  exclusively 
applies  to  public  lands  and  to  corporations  desiring  to  acquire  such  lands,  and  there- 
fore the  opinion  of  the  undersigned  rendered  October  18, 1909,  hereinbefore  mentioned, 
is  in  accordance  with  law. 

Washington,  D.  C,  January  6, 1911. 

Ignacio  Villamor, 
Attorney  General  for  the  Philippine  Islands. 


Exhibit  D. 

Opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  Philippine  Islands  as  to  what  lands  of  the  so-called 
friar  estates  are  now  to  he  considered  as  ^^ vacant  lands,"  and  therefore  requiring  the  pub- 
lication of  ^^bandillos"  as  provided  by  section  3  of  act  No.  1933,  before  such  lands 
may  be  legally  sold  or  leased  by  the  director  of  lands,  illustrating  the  fact  that  all  occu- 
pants of  friar  lands  have  been  considered  as  having  a  preferential  right  to  purchase  their 
holdings. 

Bureau  of  Justice, 
Office  of  the  Attorney  General, 

Manila,  June  IS,  1909. 
Sir:    I  have  the  honor,  in  response  to  your  letter  of  May  25,  1909,  to  submit  an 
opinion  upon  the  following  question: 

What  lands  of  the  so-called  friar  estates  are  now  to  be  considered  as  being  "vacant 
lands,"  and  therefore  requiring  the  publication  of  '^bandillos,"  as  provided  by  section 
3  of  act  No.  1933,  before  such  lands  may  be  legally  sold  or  leased  by  the  Director  of 
Lands? 

The  second  paragraph  of  section  11  of  act  No.  1120,  was  added  to  said  section  by 
act  No.  1847  and  was  amended  by  section  3  of  act  No.  1933  to  read  as  follows: 

"In  case  of  lease  of  vacant  lands,  as  well  as  in  case  of  sale  of  same  under  the  pro- 
visions of  section  nine  of  this  act,  the  director  of  lands  shall  notify  the  municipal 
president  or  municipal  presidents  of  the  municipality  or  municipalities  in  which 
said  lands  lie  before  the  same  takes  place.  Upon  receipt  of  such  notification  by  said 
municipal  president  or  municipal  presidents  the  latter  shall  publish  the  same  for 
three  consecutive  days,  by  bandillos,  in  the  poblaci6n  and  barrio  or  barrios  affected, 
and  shall  certify  all  these  acts  to  the  director  of  lands  who  shall  then,  and  not  before, 
proceed  to  execute  the  contract  of  lease  or  to  make  the  said  sale  with  preference,  other 
conditions  being  equal,  to  the  purchaser  who  has  been  a  tenant  or  bona  fide  occupant 
at  any  time  of  the  said  lands  or  part  thereof,  and  if  there  has  been  more  than  one 
occupant  to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant:  Provided,  however,  That  no  contract  for  the 
lease  of  and  no  sale  of  vacant  lands  made  in  accordance  with  this  section  shall  be  valid 
nor  of  any  effect  without  the  requisite  as  to  publication  by  bandillos,  above  provided." 
Said  act  No.  1933  was  passed  by  the  legislature  on  May  20,  1909,  and  was  enacted  to 
take  effect  on  its  passage. 

It  would  seem  to  be  clear  that  the  said  amendment  refers  to  lands  which  were  vacant 
at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  said  act  No.  1933,  and  does  not  refer  to  all  lands  which 
were  vacant  upon  the  date  of  the  purchase  of  the  friar  lands  by  the  Government,  some 
of  which  have  since  been  leased  by  the  Government  to  certain  tenants  not  included 
under  the  heading  of  "Actual  and  bona  fide  occupants." 

The  term  * '  vacant  lands  "  as  used  in  said  act  can  only  mean  lands  that  are  unoccupied 
and  lying  idle  without  being  leased  under  the  provisions  of  the  friar-lands  act.  When 
it  is  proposed  to  sell  or  lease  any  portion  of  such  unoccupied  lands  it  will  be  necessary 
for  the  director  of  lands  to  notiiy  the  municipal  president,  who  will  cause  bandillos  to 
be  published  for  three  days  in  the  poblacidn  and  the  barrio  or  barrios  affected,  and 
when  the  municipal  president  shall  certify  such  fact  to  the  director  of  lands  the  latter 
shall  proceed  to  sell  or  lease  said  land,  as  the  case  may  be,  giving  preference  to  a  former 
occupant  of  said  land,  if  there  be  one,  and  if  there  has  been  more  than  one  occupant, 
to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant. 

The  said  act  No.  1933  can  not  in  any  way  affect  or  invalidate  the  contracts  of  lease  or 
the  sales  of  such  lands  made  since  the  purchase  thereof  by  the  Government  and  before 

82278°~H.  Rept.  2289,  61-^ 4 


h  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

the  passage  of  said  amendment,  but  can  only  apply  to  leases  and  sales  made  after  its 
passage. 

It  follows  therefore  that  all  lands  which  were  vacant  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of 
said  act,  or  which  later  become  vacant  by  surrender  of  leases  or  otherwise,  are  subject 
to  the  provisions  of  said  amendatory  act. 

Very  respectfully,  Geo.  R.  Harvey, 

Solicitor  General, 
Director  of  Lands,  Manila. 

Approved : 

Ignacio  Villamor,  Attorney  General. 


Exhibit  E, 

Opinion  of  Attorney  General  Wichersham, 

Department  op  Justice, 

Washington,  December  18,  1909. 
The  Secretary  op  War. 

Sir:  In  your  letter  of  December  4th  instant  you  request  an  opinion  upon  the  ques- 
tion 'Whether  section  15  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  1,  1902,  entitled  'An 
act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government 
in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,'  limiting  the  amount  of  land  which 
may  be  acquired  by  individuals  and  corporations,  is  made  applicable  by  section  65 
of  said  act  to  the  estates  purchased  from  religious  orders  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
pursuant  to  the  authority  conferred  upon  the  Philippine  Government  by  sections  63, 
64,  and  said  section  65  of  the  act  mentioned." 

Section  15  must  be  taken  in  connection  with  sections  12  and  13,  which  are  as  follows: 

"Sec  12.  That  all  the  projperty  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain,  signed 
December  10,  1898,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  designated  by  the 
President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the  Government 
of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  government  of  said 
islands,  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  pro- 
vided in  this  act. 

"Sec  13.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  act  and  except  as  herein  provided,  shall  classify  according  to  its  agricultural 
character  and  productiveness,  and  shall  immediately  make  rules  and  regulations  for 
the  lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  public  lands  other  than  timber  or  mineral 
lands;  but  such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into  effect  or  have  the  force  of 
law  until  they  have  received  the  approval  of  the  President,  and  when  approved  by 
the  President  they  shall  be  submitted  by  him  to  Congress  at  the  beginning  of  the 
ensuing  session  thereof,  and,  unless  disapproved  or  amended  by  Congress  at  said 
session,  they  shall  at  the  close  of  such  period  have  the  force  and  effect  of  law  in  the 
Philippine  Islands:  Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  16 
hectares  in  extent." 

Section  15  then  provides: 

"That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and  empow- 
ered, on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for  the  grant- 
ing or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens  of  said 
islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber  and  mineral 
lands,  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  16  hec- 
tares to  any  one  person,  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than  1,024  hectares 
to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons:  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such 
lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  con- 
ditioned upon  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the 
premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser 
or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restric- 
tion shall  not  apply  to  transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the 
distribution  of  the  estates  of  decedents." 

The  lands  referred  to  in  sections  13  and  15  are  agricultural  lands.  They  are  care- 
fully distinguished  from  timber  and  mineral  lands.  They  are  lands  which  have  been 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  with  Spain. 
Section  13  is  a  recognition  of  homestead  entries.  Section  15  provides  for  the  grant  or 
Bale  of  lands  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens,  but  the  grants  and  sale 


ADMINISTBATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  LI 

thus  made  are  upon  the  condition  of  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement, 
and  cultivation  for  not  less  than  fiv^  years. 

In  accordance  with  the  authority  given  to  it  the  Philippine  Commission  enacted 
the  law  known  as  the  public  land  law,  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  these  sections. 

Sections  63,  64,  and  65  were  enacted  for  a  different  purpose.  The  authority  of  the 
Philippine  Government  in  relation  to  property  was  largely  extended.  They  are  as 
follows: 

"Sec.  63.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized, 
subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,  to  acquire,  receive, 
hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  may  acquire  real 
estate  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  eminent  domain. 

"Sec.  64.  That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  63  may  also  be  exer- 
cised in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments  which, 
on  the  13th  of  August,  1898,  were  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  com- 
munities, religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and 
in  such  manner  as,  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission,  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace 
and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  And  for  the  purpose  of  pro- 
viding funds  to  acquire  the  lands  mentioned  in  this  section  said  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  empowered  to  incur  indebtedness,  to  borrow  money, 
and  to  issue  and  to  sell  at  not  less  than  par  value,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States 
of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of  said  islands, 
upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  deem  best,  registered  or  coupon  bonds 
of  said  government  for  such  amount  as  may  be  necessary,  said  bonds  to  be  in  denomi- 
nations of  $50  or  any  multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  4i 
per  cent  per  annum,  payable  quarterly,  and  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  said 
government  after  dates  named  in  said  bonds,  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than  thirty 
years  from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with  interest  thereon,  in  gold  coin  of  the 
United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of 
said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  all  taxes  or  duties 
of  said  government,  or  any  local  authority  therein,  or  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States,  as  well  as  from  taxation  in  any  form  by  or  imder  State,  municipal,  or  local 
authority  in  the  United  States  or  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  moneys  which  may 
be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  said  bonds  shall  be  applied  by  the 
government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  acquisition  of  the  property  authorized 
by  this  section  and  to  no  other  purposes. 

"Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute 
a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years,  after  their  acquisition  by  said  government  on  such  terms  and  conditions 
as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act: 
Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the 
money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized 
to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section,  and  said  deferred  pay- 
ments shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  moneys  realized  or 
received  from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  consti- 
tute a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds,  and  also 
constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity.  Actual 
settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government  shall 
have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within 
such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Government." 

The  lands  designated  in  these  sections  were  acquired  in  an  entirely  different  manner 
from  the  property  acquired  under  the  treaty  with  Spain.  Their  disposition  was  upon 
different  principles.  Complete  general  power  to  acquire  and  dispose  of  property,  real 
and  personal,  was  given  by  section  63  to  the  Philippine  Government,  subject  only 
to  the  limitations  and  conditions  of  the  act.  Special  provision  was  made  in  the  sixty- 
fourth  section  for  the  acquisition  of  lands  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations, 
communities,  religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels 
and  in  such  manner  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace 
and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  To  provide  funds  for  this  pur- 
pose, the  Government  was  authorized  to  issue  and  sell  their  registered  or  coupon  bonds, 
the  proceeds  of  the  sales  of  which  were  to  be  applied  exclusively  to  the  acquisition 
of  the  property.  By  section  65  the  lands  were  to  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed  on  such 
terms  and  conditions  as  the  Philippine  Government  might  prescribe,  subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  of  the  act. 

A  sinking  fund  was  created  embracing  the  moneys  realized  from  sales  or  disposition 
of  the  said  lands  for  the  payment  of  the  bonds  at  their  maturity. 

To  be  sure,  provision  was  made  for  the  protection  of  occupants  and  settlers  by  giving 
tnem  preference  in  purchasing  or  leasing  said  lands;  but  these  purchases  were  in  recog- 


LII  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

nition  of  rights  vested  before  the  lands  were  acquired,  and  were  on  a  different  basis 
from  the  preemption  purchases  by  occupants  and  settlers  upon  the  condition  of  occu- 
pancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation. 

The  Philippine  Commission  enacted  a  law  April  26,  1904,  "for  the  administration 
and  temporary  leasing  and  sale  of  certain  haciendas  and  parcels  of  land,  commonly 
known  as  friar  lands,  for  the  purchase  of  which  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  has  recently  contracted,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  sections  63,  64,  and  65 
of  an  act  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  entitled  'An  act  temporarily  to  provide 
for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and 
for  other  purposes,'  approved  on  the  1st  day  of  July,  1902." 

This  act  fully  provided  for  carrying  into  effect  the  act  of  Congress  in  the  acquisition 
of  the  friar  lands.  It  appears  that  the  lands  were  purchased  and  the  bonds  issued  in 
conformity  with  the  conditions  in  these  statutes." 

One  of  the  recitals  in  the  Philippine  act,  after  stating  the  terms  of  the  act  of  Congress, 
is  that  ''whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  'public  lands'  in  the  sense  in  which  these  words 
are  used  in  the  public-land  act,  No.  926,  and  can  not  be  acquired  or  leased  under  the 
provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper  agencies  for  carrying  out  the 
terms  of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  requirements  of  said  act  of  Congress  with 
reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and  the  creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to 
secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued." 

The  public-lands  act  was  "general  legislation  "  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  sections 
12,  13,  14,  15,  and  16.  The  restrictions  and  limitations  of  these  sections  are  specific 
and  well  defined.  They  apply  to  lands  acquired  by  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain. 
The  citizens  are  limited  in  their  rights  of  purchase  to  quantity  and  to  compliance  with 
the  requirements  of  occupancy  and  cultivation. 

The  purchase  of  the  friar  lands  was  made  under  the  authority  of  the  legislation 
herein  recited.  That  authority  was  lawfully  delegated  to  the  Philippine  Government 
by  Congress.  The  Government  has  complete  control  over  the  sale  of  the  lands  "on 
such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,"  subject  to  the  limitations  and  condi- 
tions provided  for  in  the  act  of  1902. 

All  moneys  realized  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  the  bonds  authorized  by  the  sections 
of  the  act  recited  herein  must  be  applied  to  the  acquisition  of  the  property  and  to  no 
other  purpose.  The  moneys  received  from  the  sales  and  disposition  of  the  lands 
constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  the  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  and 
also  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  the  bonds  at  maturity.  There  are  conditions 
prescribed  in  the  act  of  Congress  and  carried  into  the  Philippine  Commission  act. 
The  intention  of  Congress  was  to  abolish  a  system  of  ownership  disadvantageous  to  the 
Government,  and  at  the  same  time  to  provide  for  the  sale  of  the  acquired  property, 
80  that  the  bonds  issued  for  the  purchase  might  not  become  a  permanent  burden. 

I  am  of  opinion  that  the  limitations  in  section  15  do  not  apply  to  the  estates  pur- 
rbased  from  religious  orders  under  sections  63,  64,  and  65  of  the  Philippine  act. 
Very  respectfully, 

Geo.  W.  Wickersham, 

Attorney  General. 


Exhibit  F. 

Opinion  of  Mr.  Moor  field  Storey  controverting  that  of  Attorney  General  Wickersham, 

I  am  sorry  to  take  issue  with  Attorney  General  Wickersham,  for  whom  I  have  great 
respect,  upon  the  question  whether  the  lands  purchased  from  the  religious  orders  in 
the  Philippine  Islands  can  be  sold  in  larger  quantities  than  those  which  are  prescribed 
by  section  15  of  the  act  of  Congress  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the 
administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for 
other  purposes,"  approved  July  1,  1902,  but  in  my  judgment  he  is  wrong  in  his  con- 
struction of  that  act. 

The  question  as  he  states  it  in  his  opinion  of  December  18,  1909,  is  whether  section 
15  of  the  act  above  stated  is  made  applicable  by  section  65  of  said  act  to  the  estates 
purchased  from  religious  orders  in  the  Philippine  Islands  pursuant  to  the  authority 
conferred  upon  the  Philippine  Government  by  section  63,  section  64,  and  the  said 
Btction  65  of  the  act  mentioned.  ^ 

In  order  to  answer  this  question  we  are  called  upon  to  construe  different  sections  of 
the  same  act,  and  they  mi^st  be  construed  so  that  all  may  stand  togetker  and  that  the 
intention  of  the  act  may  be  carried  out. 

Section  12  of  that  act  provides ' '  that  all  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  Unitea  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  LIII 

Spain,  signed  December  10,  1898,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  desig- 
nated by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  govern- 
ment of  said  islands  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof  except 
as  provided  in  this  act." 

Section  13  requires  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to '  *  classify  according 
to  its  agricultural  character  and  productiveness  the  public  lands  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands." 

Section  15  provides ' '  that  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  author- 
ized and  empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to  pro- 
vide for  the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other 
citizens  of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands,  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceed- 
ing 16  hectares  to  any  one  person  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than 
1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons." 

Section  64  provides  for  the  purchase  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and 
hereditaments  "owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  communities,  religious 
orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and  in  such  manner  as  in 
the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people 
of  the  Philippine  Islands." 

Section  65  provides  "that  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall 
constitute  a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period 
not  exceeding  three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  Government  upon  such  terms 
and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided 
for  in  this  act." 

These  seem  to  me  to  be  the  important  provisions  of  the  law  which  we  are  called  upon 
to  construe,  and  it  is  to  be  observed  that  the  land  acquired  under  section  64  is  to 
become  a  part  of  the  "public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands," 
which  phrase  is  in  effect  the  same  as  that  which  is  used  in  section  15,  where  provision 
is  made  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  "of  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain," 
and  it  would  seem  to  be  the  intention  of  Congress  that  this  land  should  be  dealt  with 
precisely  as  the  rest  of  the  public  domain  was  to  be  dealt  with.  Section  63  expressly 
makes  the  power  of  the  Government  to  receive,  hold,  and  convey  title  "subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act."  The  same  limitation  is  found  in 
section  65,  where  the  language  is  that  the  property  may  be  "held,  sold,  and  conveyed 
*    ^    ^    subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act." 

The  Attorney  General  sums  up  his  argument  by  saying:  "The  Government  has 
complete  control  over  the  sale  of  the  lands,  on  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may 
prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  the  act  of  1902." 
In  this  conclusion  I  agree  and  it  only  remains  to  determine  what  are  "the  limitations 
and  conditions"  contained  in  the  act,  subject  to  which  this  control,  including  the 
power  to  buy  and  sell,  is  granted.  I  find  none  which  so  clearly  come  within  this  lan- 
guage as  those  which  limit  the  amount  to  be  conveyed,  so  that  not  exceeding  16  hec- 
tares can  be  sold  to  any  person,  and  not  exceeding  1,024  hectares  can  be  sold  to  any 
association  or  corporation,  and  the  further  limitation  which  excepts  from  the  power  to 
sell  all  public  timber  and  mineral  lands.  Certainly  these  are  "limitations  and  restric- 
tions provided  for  in  this  act,"  and  as  the  power  to  sell  is  made  subject  to  all  such 
limitations  and  restrictions,  there  seems  to  be  no  ground  for  excluding  these  from  the 
general  language  of  the  act.  I  can  not  therefore  resist  the  conclusion  that  the  power 
to  sell  the  land  purchased  from  the  religious  orders  and  then  added  to  the  public 
domain  is  subject  to  these  precise  limitations  as  to  quantity. 

Moreover,  when  we  consider  the  purpose  of  these  limitations,  which  was  to  prevent 
the  exploiting  of  the  Philippine  Islands  by  American  or  other  capitalists,  and  to 
provide  that  these  lands  be  "administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof" 
in  the  words  of  section  12,  no  reason  can  be  suggested  why  the  very  choice  agricultural 
lands,  which  were  held  by  the  religious  orders,  should  be  thrown  open  to  exploitation, 
or  why  the  general  policy  contemplated  by  the  act  should  have  been  abandoned  in 
dealing  with  this  very  important  portion  of  Philippine  agricultural  land.  The  reason 
which  required  the  limitation  in  other  cases  applies  with  equal  force  to  these  lands,  and 
I  can  not  doubt  that  it  was  the  intention  of  Congress  that  the  policy  should  be  the  same. 

The  Attorney  General  says  that  they  were  acquired  in  a  different  manner  from  the 
property  acquired  under  the  treaty  with  Spain.  This  is  true,  but  they  were  acquired 
by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  for  the  benefit  of  the  Filipino  people, 
were  paid  for  with  the  proceeds  of  bonds  which  were  obligations  of  the  islands,  were 
added  to  the  same  limitations  which  applied  to  the  rest  of  the  public  domain.  The 
fact  that  the  act  contemplated  the  sale  of  those  lands  and  the  application  of  the  pro- 


LIV  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

ceeds  to  a  sinking  fund  does  not  vary  the  construction  of  the  act.  The  government 
was  authorized  to  sell  under  certain  limitations,  and  the  proceeds  of  sales  so  made 
were  to  be  paid  into  the  sinking  fund,  but  this  use  of  the  money  can  not  enlarge  the 
limited  power  to  sell.  Some  sales  were  authorized,  and  the  use  to  be  made  of  the 
money  realized  from  these  was  prescribed,  but  it  can  not  be  argued  that,  because 
the  proceeds  of  authorized  sales  must  be  so  used,  limitations  expressly  imposed  on 
the  authority  to  sell  are  removed.  The  Attorney  General  rests  a  part  of  his  argument 
on  the  act  passed  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  but  as  the  authority  of  that  commis- 
sion is  expressly  limited  by  the  act  of  Congress,  we  must  examine  the  latter  to  see 
whether  the  action  of  the  commission  was  authorized,  and  not  conclude  that  a  restric- 
tion which  Congress  expressly  imposed  did  not  exist  because  the  commission  disre- 
garded or  misinterpreted  it.  I  am  of  opinion,  therefore,  that  the  sale  of  agricultural 
land  to  any  corporation  or  association  in  excess  of  the  amount  limited  by  the  pro- 
visions of  the  act  which  I  have  quoted  is  unauthorized  and  void,  and  that  the  pur- 
chaser acquires  no  title  to  the  land  so  sold. 


Exhibit  G. 

Opinion  of  Attorney  General  of  United  States  to  the  effect  that  no  corporation  can  either 
purchase  or  hold  more  than  1^024  hectares  of  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

PHILIPPINE    ISLANDS — CORPORATIONS   HOLDING   REAL   ESTATE. 

Neither  a  corporation  formed  in  Belgium  to  acquire  and  possess  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  nor  any 
other  foreign  or  domestic  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture,  may  legally  purchase  or  hold 
more  than  1,024  hectares  of  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 

Department  of  Justice,  April  29,  1910. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  communication  of  April 
2l8t  instant,  in  which  you  state: 

"I  have  the  honor  to  inclose  copies  of  two  notes  addressed,  respectively,  to  the 
minister  of  foreign  affairs  at  Brussels  by  Mr.  Ed.  C.  Andre,  dated  April  4,  and  to  the 
Belgian  minister  at  this  capital  by  the  minister  of  foreign  affairs  of  his  Government, 
dated  April  7,  and  with  them  three  letters  from  Mr.  Andre,  dated  March  30  and  April 
4,  addressed  to  you  and  handed  to  me  by  the  minister  of  Belgium  for  delivery  to  you. 
These  documents  raise  the  question  whether  a  Belgian  corporation  authorized  to 
engage  in  agriculture  may  legally  purchase  and  hold  a  plantation  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  containing  an  area  of  1,430  hectares.  The  collateral  inquiry  is  also  presented 
whether,  if  the  answer  to  the  foregoing  question  is  in  the  negative,  an  agricultural  and 
commercial  corporation  created  under  Philippine  law  may  take  and  hold  the  said 
plantation." 

You  request  an  expression  of  my  opinion  on  both  of  these  questions. 

The  act  of  Congress  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration 
of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,'* 
approved  July  1,  1902  (32  Stat.,  691),  is  the  law  still  in  force. 

By  the  seventy-fifth  section  of  that  act  it  is  provided: 

''That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying  and 
gelling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be 
reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created, 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be 
restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four 
hectares  of  land    *    "^    "^.y 

The  first  clause  of  this  section  forbids  the  organization  of  corporations  to  conduct  the 
business  of  buying  and  selling  real  estate.  The  next,  recognizing  the  necessity  of 
some  corporations  to  hold  real  estate  for  the  conduct  of  their  business,  denies  the  per- 
mission to  hold  or  own  any  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be  reasonably  necessary  to 
enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  the  corporation  is  created.  The  holding 
of  real  estate  under  this  provision  is  incidental  to  the  main  business  of  the  corpora- 
tion, such  as  manufacturing  or  trading.  By  no  intendment  can  this  apply  to  a  cor- 
poration formed  for  the  use  or  cultivation  of  land. 

By  the  next  clause  of  the  section  it  is  provided:  ''Every  corporation  authorized  to 
engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be  restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control 
of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  of  land." 

Mr.  Andre  suggests,  in  one  of  the  notes  transmitted  through  you:  "I  am  in  doubt 
whether  this  refers  to  the  rules  and  by-laws  of  the  corporation  or  to  the  privilege 
giunted  to  a  company  at  being  filed." 


ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  LV 

This  provision  is  not  directory.  It  affects  the  very  being  of  the  corporation.  It  is 
an  absolute  prohibition  of  the  power  to  hold  land  in  excess  of  1,024  hectares.  This 
limitation  was  placed  in  the  act  after  much  debate  and  deliberation  in  the  United 
States  Congress,  and  it  is  repeated  and  emphasized  in  all  the  legislation  upon  this 
subject. 

These  prohibitions  in  the  organic  act  were  embraced  in  the  "corporation  law"  of 
the  Philippine  Commission,  enacted  by  authority  of  the  United  States.  By  Article  I, 
section  13,  it  is  enacted: 

**  Every  corporation  has  power  (paragraph  5): 

"*To  purchase,  hold,  convey,  sell,  lease,  let,  mortgage,  encumber,  and  otherwise 
deal  with  such  real  and  personal  property  as  the  purposes  for  which  the  corporation  was 
formed  may  permit,  and  the  transaction  of  the  lawful  business  of  the  corporation  may 
reasonably  and  necessarily  require,  unless  otherwise  prescribed  in  this  act:  Provided^ 
That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying  and  selling 
real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be  reasonably 
necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created,  and  every  cor- 
poration authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  be  restricted  to  the  ownership  and 
control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  of  land    *    *    *  > '> 

Reversing  the  order  in  which  the  questions  in  your  communication  are  presented 
to  me,  and  replying  to  the  second  inquiry,  I  think  an  agricultural  corporation  created 
under  Philippine  law  can  not  take  and  hold  of  the  plantation  described,  or  of  any 
other  lands,  more  than  1,024  hectares. 

By  the  last  paragraph  of  this  same  section  75  of  the  act  of  Congress  it  is  provided: 
''Corporations  not  organized  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein 
shall  be  bound  by  the  provisions  of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable."  And 
by  section  73  of  the  ** corporation  law"  of  the  Philippine  Commission  it  is  enacted: 

*'Any  foreign  corporation  or  corporation  not  formed,  organized,  or  existing  under 
the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  lawfully  doing  business  in  the  islands  shall  b« 
bound  by  all  laws,  rules,  and  regulations  applicable  to  domestic  corporations  of  the 
same  class,  save  and  except  such  only  as  provide  for  the  creation,  formation,  organiza- 
tion, or  dissolution  of  corporations  or  such  as  fix  the  relations,  liabilities,  responsibili- 
ties, or  duties  of  members,  stockholders,  or  officers  of  corporations  to  each  other  or  to 
the  corporation:  Provided,  however,  That  nothing  in  this  section  contained  shall  be 
construed  or  deemed  to  impair  any  rights  that  are  secured  or  protected  by  the  treaty 
of  peace  between  the  United  States  and  Spain,  signed  at  the  city  of  Paris  on  December 
tenth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight." 

This  act  was  passed  under  the  authority  delegated  by  the  organic  act.  Its  provisions 
are  declaratory  of  the  limitations  of  that  act. 

The  restrictions  upon  the  ownership  and  control  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
by  corporations  are  absolutely  determined  by  this  legislation.  It  is  beyond  the  power 
of  the  executive  branches  of  the  Governments,  either  of  the  United  States  or  the 
Philippine  Islands,  to  authorize  or  permit  corporations  to  own  or  hold  lands  in  excess 
of  the  amount  so  designated. 

I  am  therefore  of  opinion  that  neither  a  corporation  formed  in  Belgium  to  acquire 
and  possess  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  nor  any  other  foreign  or  domestic  corpora- 
tion authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture,  may  legally  purchase  or  hold  more  than  1,024 
hectares  of  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  sir,  your  obedient  servant, 

George  W.  WicKERsnAM. 

The  Secretary  of  State. 


ADMINISTRATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


TESTIMONY 


ACCOMPANYING  REPORT  BY  THE  CQMMITTEE  ON 
INSULAR  AFFAIRS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENT- 
ATIVES OF  ITS  INVESTIGATION  OF  THE  INTERIOR 
DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  PHILIPPINE  GOVERNMENT 
TOUCHING  THE  ADMINISTRATION  OF  PHILIPPINE 
LANDS  AND  ALL  MATTERS  OF  FACT  AND  LAW  PER- 
TAINING THERETO,  IN  PURSUANCE  OF  HOUSE  RES- 
OLUTION NO.  795. 


House  of  Eepresentatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

Friday^  December  9,  1910. 

The  committee  met  at  10.30  o'clock  a.  m.,  Hon.  Marlin  E.  Olmsted 
(chairman)  presiding. 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman),  Crumpacker,  Hamilton,  Hubbard  of  Iowa, 
Graham  of  Pennsylvania,  Parsons,  Davis,  Madison,  Fowler,  Douglas, 
Jones,  Page,  Garrett,  Denver,  Fornes,  Helm,  Rucker  of  Colorado,  and 
Larrinaga. 

The  Chairman.  In  the  last  session  Representative  Martin  of  Col- 
orado offered  a  resolution,  which  was  House  Resolution  793.  The 
Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  amended  it  slightly  and  reported  it  back 
to  the  House,  where  it  was  passed  on  the  last  day  of  the  session,  June 
23,  1910,  and  as  passed  and  certified  to  us  by  the  clerk,  reads  as 
follows : 

Whereas  it  has  been  publicly  charged  that  sales  and  leases  of  public  lands  have  been 
made  in  the  Philippines  in  violation  of  law:  Now  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  House  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  be,  and  it  is  hereby,  empow- 
ered and  directed  to  make  a  complete  and  thorough  investigation  of  the  interior  depart- 
ment of  the  Philippine  government  touching  the  administration  of  Philippine  lands 
and  all  matters  of  fact  and  law  pertaining  thereto,  whether  the  same  are  to  be  had  in 
the  United  States,  the  Philippme  Islands,  or  elsewhere,  and  to  report  to  the  House 
during  this  Congress  all  the  evidence  taken  and  their  findirgs  and  recommendations 
thereon;  that  in  conducting  said  inquiry  said  committee  shall  have  power  to  subpoena 
and  require  the  attendance  of  witnesses,  to  administer  oaths,  to  require  the  production 
of  books,  papers,  and  documents,  whether  of  a  public  or  private  character,  and  to 
employ  necessary  assistance,  legal  or  otherwise,  and  make  necessary  expenditures,  the 
cost  of  said  investigation  to  be  paid  out  of  the  contingent  fund  of  the  House.  The  pow- 
ers hereby  conferred  may  be  exercised  while  the  House  is  in  session  or  during  the  recess 
of  Congress  by  the  committee  or  any  duly  appointed  subcommittee  thereof. 

At  a  preliminary  meeting  held  yesterday  the  committee  adopted 
this  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  clerk  of  the  committee  notify  Representative  Martin  of  Colorado 
that  the  committee  is  ready  to  enter  upon  the  investigation  directed  by  House  Reso- 
lution 793,  and  requests  that  he  appear  before  the  committee  and  make  such  state- 
ment of  facts  bearing  upon  said  investigation  as  may  be  within  his  possession,  and 
also  give  the  names  of  any  witnesses  that  he  may  have  who  can  aid  the  committee  to 
ascertain  the  facts. 

I  will  also  state  that  another  resolution  was  offered  relative  to  the 
examination  of  witnesses,  as  follows: 

Resolved^  That  until  further  orders  from  the  committee,  during  the  investigation  of 
the  interior  department  of  the  Philippine  government  touching  the  administration 
of  Philippine  lands,  all  witnesses  shall  be  examined,  in  the  first  instance,  by  the 
chairman  of  this  committee,  or  by  such  member  of  the  committee  as  lie  shall  desig- 
nate; afterwards  any  member  of  the  committee  may  ask  such  questions  as  he  may 

3 


4  ADMIN ISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

desire.  Any  pereons  not  members  of  the  committee  desiring  questions  put  to  wit- 
nesses shall  submit  them  in  writing  to  the  committee,  and  if  deemed  proper  by  the 
committee,  they  shall  be  put  to  the  witness  by  the  chairman  or  such  other  member 
of  the  committee  as  he  may  designate  for  that  purpose. 

I  see  that  Representative  Martin  is  here  this  morning,  and  we  are 
now  ready  to  hear  from  him  in  response  to  the  invitation  contained 
in  the  resolution  which  I  have  read. 

STATEMENT  OF  HON.  JOHN  A.  MARTIN,  A  REPRESENTATIVE  IN 
CONGRESS  FROM  THE  STATE  OF  COLORADO. 

Mr.  Maetin.  Some  question  having  arisen  as  to  the  proper  scope  of 
the  investigation  and  the  issues  to  be  developed  under  House  Resolu- 
tion 793,  Sixty-first  Congress,  second  session,  I  have  deemed  it  advis- 
able to  prepare  the  following  brief  statement  with  reference  thereto : 

The  material  issues  involved  are: 

1.  The  sale  of  the  Philippine  friar  lands  in  quantities  in  excess  of 
the  limitation  fixed  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1, 1902,  ^^  not  exceed- 
ing 16  hectares  to  any  one  person  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of 
not  more  than  1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of 
persons;''  and 

2.  The  opinion  of  the  honorable  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States  that  the  limitations  in  said  act  of  Congress,  being  the  organic 
law  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  do  not  apply  to  the  friar  estates. 

Relevant,  competent,  and  of  the  highest  importance  are: 

1 .  The  time  and  circumstances  under  which  the  policy  of  selling  the 
friar  estates  in  bulk  to  foreign  interests  was  begun. 

2.  The  persons  or  interests,  whether  individual,  corporate,  or  asso- 
ciate, by  whom  these  estates,  or  any  of  them,  have  been  acquired. 

3.  The  persons  or  agencies,  both  public  and  private,  by  whom  the 
negotiations  were  effected. 

4.  The  character  of  the  record  made  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs 
in  furnishing  information  in  response  to  the  several  resolutions  of 
inquiry  passed  by  the  House. 

5.  The  Philippine  administration  of  the  friar  lands,  with  particular 
reference  to  the  sale  of  one  of  these  estates  to  an  official  of  the  Philip- 
pine government  and  the  leasing  of  public  domain  to  a  relative  of  one 
of  the  executive  heads  of  said  government. 

The  issues  last  above  specified  are  important,  but  not  controlling. 
I  have  repeatedly  asserted,  and  now  reassert,  that  the  sales  of  the  so- 
called  friar  lands  complained  of  are  forbiddeji  both  by  the  statutory 
and  colonial  policy  of  the  United  States,  and  it  was  upon  the  naked 
information  of  a  single  sale,  to  wit,  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  thb 
opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  confirming  said 
sale,  that  my  first  resolution  of  investigation,  introduced  in  the 
House  February  25,  1910,  was  based.  These  were  and  are  the  chief 
issues  in  this  investigation.  The  remaining  issues,  last  above  enu- 
merated, were  developed  by  the  information  furnished  the  House 
from  time  to  time  in  response  to  the  several  resolutions  of  inquiry. 

While  asserting  the  truth  and  importance  of  the  other  elements 
above  mentioned,  I  do  not  propose,  in  so  far  as  my  views  may  carry 
any  weight,  to  be  diverted  from  the  principal  issues,  nor  suffer  them 
to  be  obscured  by  a  vast  mass  of  largely  immaterial  detail  relative 
to  Philippine  land  administration. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  5 

In  concluding  this  preliminary  statement,  I  wish  to  respectfully 
suggest  to  this  honorable  committee  the  very  unequal,  I  may  say  the 
unparalleled,  nature  of  this  investigation,  presenting  the  aspect  of  a 
contest  between  a  single  minority  Member  of  Congress  on  the  one 
side  and  the  national  administrations  of  two  governments  on  the 
other;  together  with  the  probable  far-reaching  consequences  of  the 
investigation  and  its  results  upon  the  future  status  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  and  the  relations  of  this  Government  toward  them. 

I  submit  this  paper  for  insertion  in  the  record,  and  in  addition  I 
submit  a  list  of  witnesses  to  be  subpoenaed  in  the  investigation  of  the 
Philippine  friar  land  sales,  addressed  to  the  chairman  of  this  com- 
mittee. 

The  Chairman.  If  it  is  not  inconvenient,  will  you  read  it  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir  [reading]: 

List  of  witnesses  to  he  subpoenaed  in  the  investigation  of  the  Philippine  friar  land  sales. 

Washington,  D.  C,  December  8,  1910, 
Hon.  M.  E.  Olmsted, 

Chairmari  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

House  of  Representatives. 

Dear  Sir:  In  response  to  the  informal  suggestion  of  members  of  the  above-named 
committee,  made  to  me  to-day,  I  hereby  respectfully  request  that  the  following  persona 
be  subpoenaed,  produced  and  examined  before  the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  in 
the  investigation  of  the  sale  of  the  Philippine  friar  lands  under  House  Resolution  795, 
Sixty-first  Congress,  second  session,  and  hereby  assert  the  belief  that  the  production 
and  examination  of  said  witnesses  are  necessary  to  a  full,  true,  and  complete  dis- 
closure of  the  material  facts  involved  in  said  sales: 

Horace  Havemeyer,  Charles  H.  Senff,  and  Charles  J.  Welch,  said  to  be  the  real 
parties  in  interest  in  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  island  of  Mindoro,  P.  I. 

E.  L.  PoOle  and  P.  A.  Prentiss,  who  acted  as  agents  of  said  parties  in  the  purchase 
of  said  estate. 

J.  Montgomery  Strong,  of  Little  Falls,  N.  J.,  who  represented  said  parties  and  agents. 

John  Henry  Hammond,  of  the  law  firm  of  Strong  &  Cadwaladar,  of  New  York  City, 
of  counsel  for  said  parties  in  the  sale  of  said  estate. 

C.  A.  De  Gersdorf,  of  the  law  firm  of  Cravath,  Henderson  &  De  Gersdorf,  of  New 
York  City,  of  counsel  for  said  parties  in  the  sale  of  said  estate. 

George  S.  Hobart,  No.  243  Washington  Street,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  agent  of  the  Min- 
doro Development  Co 

Robert  J.  Bain,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.;  Samuel  S.  Moore,  Elizabeth,  N.  J.;  Charles  S. 
Scribner,  Boon  ton,  N.  J.;  incorporators  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

The  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  of  New  Jersey,  principal  office,  243  Washington 
Street,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

That  subpoenaes  duces  tecum  issue  for  said  persons  and  said  company,  requiring 
them  to  produce  for  the  inspection  of  the  committee  and  as  evidence,  the  originals  of 
all  books,  papers,  accounts,  vouchers,  receipts,  and  other  instruments  in  writing 
bearing  upon  the  sale  of  said  estate  and  their  connection  therewith,  including  the 
stock  books  and  all  other  records  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Harry  Rosenberg,  of  Manila,  purchaser  of  a  portion  of  the  Santa  Rosa  estate. 

M.  Lowenstein,  W.  H.  Lawrence,  Walter  E.  Olsen,  Castle  Bros.,  and  Wolf  &  Sons, 
all  of  Manila,  said  to  be  the  real  parties  in  interest  in  the  purchase  of  the  Isabella 
estate. 

Edward  B.  Bruce,  agent  of  said  parties  in  the  purchase  of  said  estate. 

A.  F.  Thayer,  probably  of  Manila,  nominal  purchaser  of  the  Calamba  estate  and 
said  to  represent  the  Dillingham  sugar  interests  of  Honolulu. 

The  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co.,  of  California,  and  E.  L.  Hamann,  secretary  of  said 
company. 

The  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co.,  of  California,  and  Chas.  McMullen,  secretary 
of  said  company. 

The  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co.,  of  California,  and  K.  M.  Nealon,  secretary  of 
said  company. 

All  of  which  companies  have  applied  for  or  leased  public  lands  in  the  island  of 
Mindoro  by  Edw.  L.  Poole,  their  managing  agent. 


6  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

That  subpoenaes  duces  tecum  issue  for  said  persons  and  said  companies,  requiring 
them  to  produce  for  the  inspection  of  the  committee  and  as  evidence  the  orig:inals 
of  all  books,  papers,  accounts,  vouchers,  receipts,  and  other  instruments  in  writing 
bearing  upon  the  application  for  or  leasing  of  Philippine  public  lands  and  their 
connection  therewith,  including  the  stock  books  and  all  other  records  of  the  afore- 
said three  companies. 

A.  Sidney  Lanier,  attorney  at  law,  Richmond,  Va. 

C.  W.  O'Brien,  attorney  at  law,  Manila,  P,  I. 

Hon.  Henry  A.  Cooper,  Member  of  Congress,  of  Wisconsin. 

Hon.  Manuel  L.  Quezon,  Commissioner,  Philippine  Islands. 

Other  names  may  be  suggested  from  time  to  time. 
Very  truly,  yours, 

John  A.  Martin. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  think  it  would  be  well,  as  that  is  a  long  list  of 
witnesses  to  be  brought  from  California  and  the  Philippine  Islands, 
that  Mr.  Martin  be  asked  to  suggest  something  about  why  he  asks  to 
subpoena  them.  Of  course,  the  Government  will  have  to  pay  the 
expenses,  and  while  everyone  of  us  wants  the  fullest  investigation,  it 
may  be  possible  that  many  of  them  would  testify  to  facts  about 
which  there  would  be  no  controversy  whatever,  and  it  might  result 
in  an  enormous  expense  that  would  prove  unnecessary. 

The  Chairman.  I  think  it  would  be  well  if  Mr.  Martin  would  sug- 
gest, in  a  general  way,  at  least,  which  one  of  the  several  charges  each 
witness  is  to  be  subpoenaed  with  reference  to. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  say,  Mr.  CJiairman,  that  to  go  into  the  matters 
with  reference  to  which  these  witnesses  would  probably  testify  would 
be  virtually  a  statement  of  the  entire  controversy.  I  have  not  pre- 
pared any  statement  of  that  character.  I  can  run  over  the  names  of 
these  witnesses  and  just  say  briefly  the  matter  or  matters  with 
reference  to  which  I  would  expect  them  to  give  testimony. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Let  me  make  this  suggestion,  if  I  may.  You  take, 
now,  Poole,  and  all  of  his  associates.  I  know  nothing  about  the 
facts,  but  if  the  purpose  of  subpoenaing  all  those  witnesses  was  to 
develop  the  question  as  to  whether  or  not  he  acted  for  himself  or 
certain  men,  as  his'principals,  and  who  those  men  were,  if  one  person, 
acting  for  all  of  them  was  to  furnish  that  information  directly  to  the 
committee,  it  seems  to  me  it  would  hardly  be  necessary  to  subpoena 
half  a  dozen  men  from  the  Philippines  and  California  and  New  cTersey 
and  New  York  to  prove  a  fact  about  which  there  may  be  no  con- 
troversy. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  were  asked  to  appear  before  the  committee 
and  give  the  names  of  the  witnesses  whom  you  desire  to  prove  those 
facts.  I  think  the  committee  would  like  for  you  to  state  the  facts 
which  you  claim  these  witnesses  would  testify  to.  I  think  you  could 
begin  by  making  a  statement  of  what  you  claim  the  facts  to  be,  if 
you  wish,  and  blien  state  that  such  witness  would  testify  to  such 
facts,  or  you  could  begin  by  taking  up  the  witnesses  and  say  that 
these  men,  if  called,  would  testify  to  certain  facts. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  not  let  him  take  the  order  of  j)roof  he  wants, 
and  whom  he  wants  subpoenaed  at  first  ?  The  people  in  this  vicinity. 
New  York  and  New  Jersey,  can  get  down  here  in  a  very  few  days. 
Then  you  are  getting  much  of  your  testimony. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  think  he  ought  to  be  permitted  to  exercise  his 
discretion  about  the  order  of  his  statement,  so  that  he  conforms  with 
the  resolution  and  states  the  facts  and  the  names  of  the  witnesses, 
and  then  would  give  testimony  tending  to  prove  those  facts. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  7 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Was  not  your  opening  statement,  the  first  paper 
which  you  read,  practically  a  statement  of  the  facts  which  you  expect 
to  prove? 

Mr.  Martin.  Briefly,  it  was  a  statement  of  the  issues,  in  which  I 
enumerated  the  two  principal  issues  which  perhaps  may  be  resolved 
into  one. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  claim  that  an  exception  had  been  made  as 
to  certain  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  first  was,  and  what  I  consider  the  basic  issue  in 
this  inquiry,  the  right  to  sell  these  estates  in  excess  of  the  Hmitations 
fixed  by  the  organic  law,  and  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of 
the  United  States  holding  those  lands  to  be  exempt  from  the  limi- 
tations. I  went  on  then  to  state  that  there  were  other  issues  that 
were  of  the  highest  importance,  but  they  were  not  controlling.  While 
I  have  in  my  possession  all  of  the  records  and  other  information  upon 
which  I  based  the  various  resolutions  of  inquiry  and  speeches  that 
have  been  made  on  this  matter,  I  have  not  had  time  to  formulate  a 
statement  thereon,  as  it  might  be  said  to  be  formulated  in  the  last 
speech  I  made  on  the  matter  in  the  House  of  Representatives,  on  the 
13th  of  June.  But  I  have,  in  the  limited  time  that  I  have  had  at  my 
disposition — and  I  will  say  that,  like  some  other  gentlemen  in  this 
bod}^,  I  have  been  pretty  busy  since  Congress  adjourned.  A  man 
who  wants  to  come  back  to  Congress  from  my  State  is  one  of  the 
busiest  people  on  earth,  and  when  he  gets  done  he  needs  a  vacation. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  did  not  get  '^done,''  did  }^ou?    [Laughter.] 

Mr.  Martin  (continuing).  Needs  a  vacation  rather  than  an 
investigation.  We  do  not  get  ^^done''  on  election  day  in  our  State. 
We  have  a  supplemental  campaign  lasting  until  Congress  convenes 
to  find  out  how  we  came  out.  So  that  really,  for  those  causes  and 
a  multitude  of  duties  pressing  upon  me,  I  have  not  prepared  another 
statement  of  the  matter.  I  have,  however,  started  a  sort  of  an 
order  of  procedure  in  developing  the  issues  and  the  testimony, 
which  I  shall  be  glad  to  give  the  committee  in  connection  with  the 
statement  as  to  what  I  think  these  witnesses  will  testify  to  and 
why  it  is  absolutely  essential  to  have  them  here  if  you  expect  to 
get  at  the  real  facts  with  reference  to  the  sale  of  these  estates. 

The  Chairman.  Let  me  ask  you  right  there  a  question  with 
reference  to  the  matter  of  economy.  If  there  are  several  witnesses 
upon  the  same  point  and  all  the  facts  should  be  elicited  from  one,  it 
would  not  be  necessary  to  have  all  the  others,  would  it? 

Mr.  ]\Iartin.  Yes;  if  you  can  assume  that  all  of  them  would  testify 
to  identically  the  same  facts,  that  plan  might  be  satisfactory,  but 
I  Avould  prefer  that  all  of  these  people  come  here  and  tell  their  own 
stories. 

I  wish  to  suggest,  Mr.  Chairman,  that  I  think  this  inquiry  could 
properly  begin  with  a  consideration  of  the  organic  law  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  particularly  those  sections  dealing  with  the  public 
domain,  and  the  friar  lands,  in  which  it  is  claimed  that  the  so-called 
friar  lands  were  subjected  to  the  same  quantity  limitations  that  were 
imposed  upon  the  public  domain  acquired  from  Spain.  In  connec- 
tion wdth  the  consideration  of  this  act  and  these  particular  sections, 
the  committee  should  secure  all  prints  of  Senate  bill  2295,  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress,  first  session,  which  are  now  on  file  in  the  Senate 
document  room.     And  it  should  carefully  examine  those  bills  with 


8  ADMIISriSTRATION    OF   PHII.IPPINE  LANDS. 

reference  to  the  limitations  contained  in  them  upon  the  sale  and  dis- 
position of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  for  one  reason,  among 
others,  because  it  has  been  stated  during  the  debates  over  this  inves- 
tigation in  the  House,  and  it  is  a  matter  of  record  that  at  the  time 
the  limitation  clauses  were  inserted  in  the  friar-lands  sections  of  the 
organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  that  is,  sections  63,  64,  and  65, 
there  were  no  land  limitations  in  the  act,  and  therefore  those  words, 
'^subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,^' 
could  not  have  been  intended  to  apply  to  the  sale  and  disposition  of 
these  lands.  An  examination  of  these  bills  will  disclose,  in  connection 
with  the  Congressional  Record,  and  the  debates  in  the  Senate  at  the 
time  the  limiting  clause  was  inserted,  that  the  limitations  upon  the 
sale  and  disposition  of  Philippine  lands  were  even  more  restrictive 
than  they  were  in  the  bill  in  its  final  form  and  as  it  finally  passed  and 
became  the  organic  law  of  the  archipelago. 

The  public  domain  and  friar  land  sections  of  the  act  of  July  1, 
1902,  involved  in  this  inquiry  and  the  agricultural  corporation  sec- 
tion follow: 

Sec.  15.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and 
empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for 
the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens 
of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber  and 
mineral  lands,  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands  at  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceed- 
ing 16  hectares  (40  acres)  to  any  one  person  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not 
more  than  1,024  hectares  (2,500  acres)  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons: 
Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be  paid  at 
once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  conditioned  upon  actual  and  continued  occu- 
pancy, improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than 
five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  encumber 
said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restriction  shall  not  apply  to  transfers  of  rights 
and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the  distribution  of  the  estates  of  decedents. 

*  *  -X-  -Jf  *  *  -Jf 

Sec.  63.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized, 
subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,  to  acquire,  receive, 
hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  may  acquire  real 
estate  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  eminent  domain. 

Sec.  64.  That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  63  may  also  be  exercised 
in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments  which,  on  the 
13th  of  August,  1898,  were  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  communities, 
religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and  in  such 
manner  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  wel- 
fare of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  And  for  the  purpose  of  providing  funds 
to  acquire  the  lands  mentioned  in  this  section  said  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  is  hereby  empowered  to  incur  indebtedness,  to  borrow  money,  and  to  issue, 
and  to  sell  at  not  less  tl^an  par  value,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States  of  the  present 
standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of  said  islands,  upon  such  terms 
and  conditions  as  it  may  deem  best,  registered  or  coupon  bonds  of  said  government 
for  such  amount  as  may  be  necessary,  said  bonds  to  be  in  denominations  of  $50  or  any 
multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  4J  per  cent  per  annum, 
payable  quarterly,  and  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  said  government  after  dates 
named  in  said  bonds  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than  thirty  years  from  the  date  of 
their  issue,  together  with  interest  thereon,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States  of  the 
present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of  said  islands;  and  said 
bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  all  taxes  or  duties  of  said  government, 
or  any  local  authority  therein,  or  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  as  well  as 
from  taxation  in  any  form  by  or  under  state,  municipal,  or  local  authority  in  the 
United  States  or  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  moneys  which  may  be  realized  or 
received  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  said  bonds  shall  be  applied  by  the  government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  acquisition  of  the  property  authorized  by  this  section 
and  to  no  other  purposes. 

Sec  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute 
a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 


ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  9 

and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  '^for  a  period  not  exceed- 
ing three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  government  on  such  terms  and  condi- 
tions as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in 
this  act:  Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be 

Eayable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the 
onds  authorized  to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section 
and  said  deferred  payments  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All 
moneys  realized  or  received  from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands,  or  by  reason 
thereof  shall  constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said 
bonds,  and  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  matu- 
rity. Actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  govern- 
ment shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their 
holdings  within  such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  government." 
******  -if 

Sec.  75.  That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying 
and  selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may 
be  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created, 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be 
restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  1,024  hectares  (2,500  acres) 
of  land;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in  agri- 
culture or  mining  and  for  any  corporation  organized  for  any  purpose  except  irrigation 
to  be  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or  mining. 
Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and  purchase  real 
estate  when  necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose  of  real  estate 
so  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title.  Corporations  not  organized 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein  shall  be  bound  by  the  provisions 
of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable. 

I  have  referred  to  Senate  bill  2295,  with  which  you  will  find  all 
reprints  and  amendments,  and  where  that  may  be  found. 

In  view  of  the  allegation  made  in  the  House  that  at  the  time  the 
limiting  clause  was  inserted  in  the  friar-land  sections  the  bill  con- 
tained no  land  limitations,  I  shall  here  insert  copies  of  the  land 
sections  of  the  bill  as  introduced  in  the  Senate  (S.  2295)  on  January 
7,  1902,  and  each  Senate  reprint,  five  in  all. 

[S.  2295.    Jan.  7, 1902.    By  Mr.  Lodge.] 

Sec.  10.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and 
empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  to  lease,  let,  and  demise  to  actual 
occupants  and  settlers  and  others  for  a  term  of  not  more  than  ninety-nine  years, 
such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain  other  than  timber  and  mineral  lands  of 
the  United  States  in  the  Philippine  Islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  one 
hundred  and  sixty  acres  to  any  one  person  nor  more  than  five  thousand  acres  to  any 
corporation  or  association  of  persons. 

Sec  11.  That  in  leasing,  demising,  or  letting  any  part  of  the  public  domain  under 
the  provisions  of  section  — ,  preference  in  all  cases  shall  be  given  to  actual  occupants 
and  settlers;  and  public  lands  of  the  United  States  in  the  actual  possession  or  occu- 
pancy of  any  native  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  not  be  leased,  let,  or  demised  by 
said  government  to  any  other  person  without  the  consent  thereto  of  said  prior 
occupant  or  settler  first  had  and  obtained:  Provided,  That  the  prior  right  hereby 
secured  to  an  occupant  of  land  who  can  show  no  other  proof  of  title  than  possession 
shall  not  apply  for  more  than  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  in  any  one  tract. 

No  lease  or  contract  of  lease  made  by  virtue  of  this  act  shall  be  sold,  assigned,  or 
otherwise  disposed  of,  nor  shall  the  property  lease,  be  sublet  without  the  consent  of 
the  Philippine  Government  first  had  and  obtained. 

Authority  to  purchase  friar  lands,  etc. 

Sec.  50.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  to 
acquire,  receive,  hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property  and 
may  acquire  real  estate,  together  with  the  appurtenances  and  hereditaments  thereunto 
belonging  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  eminent  domain.  The  powers 
hereinbefore  in  this  section  conferred  may  be  exercised  in  respect  of  any  lands  which 
on  the  thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  were  owned  or  held 
by  associations,  corporations,  communities,  religious  orders,  or  private  individuals 

82278°~-H.  Kept.  2289, 61-.3 5 


10  ADMINISTRATIOlSr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  as,  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission,  injuriously  affect 
the  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Sec.  51.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  this  amendment  shall  constitute  a 
part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  may  be  leased,  let,  sold,  and  conveyed  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  on  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe. 

Sec.  63.  That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying 
and  selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate,  except  such  as  may 
be  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter,  be 
restricted  to  its  ownership  and  control  not  to  exceed  five  thousand  acres  of  land  and 
this  provision  shall  be  held  to  prevent  any  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  from 
being  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture. 
Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and  purchase  real 
estate  when  necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose  of  real  estate 
80  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title.  Corporations  not  organized 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein,  shall  be  bound  by  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable. 

'  [S.  2295.    As  reported  by  Mr.  Lodge,  with  amendments,  Mar.  31,  1902.] 

Sec.  13.  That  pending  the  preparation  and  until  the  adoption  of  rules  and  regula- 
tions as  provided  in  section  eight,  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is 
hereby  authorized  and  empowered  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  to  lease,  let, 
and  demise  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  others  for  a  term  of  not  more  than 
five  years,  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain  other  than  timber  and 
mineral  lands  of  the  United  States  in  the  Philippines,  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not 
exceeding  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  or  its  equivalent  in  hectares,  to  any  one 
person,  nor  more  than  five  thousand  acres  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons. 

&EC.  14.  [Same  as  original.] 

Authority  to  purchase  friar  lands. 

Sec.  64.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  to 
acquire,  receive,  hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property  and 
may  acquire  real  estate  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  eminent  domain. 

Sec.  65.  That  the  power  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  sixty-three  may  also  be 
exercised  in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments,  which 
on  the  thirteenth  day  of  August  were  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  com- 
munities, religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  as  in  the 
opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  affect  the  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine 
'  Islands. 

Sec.  66.  All  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  section  sixty-five  of  this  act  shall  constitute 
a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  may  be  leased,  let,  sold,  and  conveyed  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippines  on 
such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe. 

Sec.  77.  [Same  as  original.] 

[S.  2295.    Apr.  18, 1902.    As  amended  in  Committee  of  the  Whole.) 

Secs.  13  and  14.  [Same  as  print  of  Mar.  31,  1902.] 
Secs.  64,  65,  and  66.  [Same  as  in  print  of  Mar.  31,  1902.] 
Sec.  77.  [Same  as  print  of  Mar.  31,  1902.] 

[S.  2295.    May  28-29, 1902.    As  amended  in  Committee  of  the  Whole.] 

Sec.  12.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippines,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this 
act  and  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  shall  make  rules  and  regulations  for  the  lease, 
sale,  or  other  dispovsition  of  the  public  lands  other  than  timber  or  mineral  lands,  but 
such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into  effect  or  have  the  force  of  law  until  they 
have  received  the  approval  of  the  President  by  and  through  the  Secretary  o{  War,  and 
they  shall  also  be  submitted  to  Congress,  and  unless  disapproved  where  amended  by 
Congress  after  their  submission,  they  shall  at  the  close  of  such  session  have  the  force 
and  effect  of  law  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  when  they  shall  have  received  the  approval 
of  the  President,  as  hereinbefore  provided:  Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry 
shall  not  exceed  forty  acres  in  extent  or  its  equivalent  in  hectares. 

Secs.  14  and  15.  [Same  as  secs.  13  and  14  in  print  of  Apr.  18.] 


ABMINISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  11 

Authority  to  purchase  friar  lands. 

Secs.  66,  67,  68.  [Same  as  sees.  64,  65,  66  in  print  of  Apr.  18.] 
Sec.  79.  [Same  as  in  print  of  Apr.  18  and  prior  prints.] 

[S.  2295.    June  2, 1902.    As  amended  in  Committee  of  the  Whole.] 

Sec.  12.  [Same  as  sec.  12inprint  of  May  29,  except  after  "as  hereinbefore  provided,*' 
in  line  3,  the  words  ''shall  classify  according  to  its  agricultural  character  and  produc- 
tiveness" were  inserted.] 

Sec  14.  That  pending  the  preparation  and  until  the  adoption  of  rules  and  regula- 
tions as  provided  in  section  twelve,  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby 
authorized  and  empowered  in  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  to  lease,  let,  and  demise 
to  actual  occupants  or  settlers  and  others  for  a  term  of  not  more  than  five  years,  such 
parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain  other  than  timber  and  mineral  lands  of  the 
United  States  in  the  Philippine  Islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  forty 
acres  or  its  equivalent  in  hectares,  to  any  one  person,  but  no  such  lands  shall  be  let, 
leased,  or  demised  to  any  corporation  until  a  law  regulating  the  disposition  of  the 
public  lands  shall  have  been  enacted  and  approved  as  provided  in  section  twelve. 

Sec  15,  [Same  as  sec.  15  in  print  of  May  29.] 

Authority  to  purchase  friar  lands y  etc. 

Secs.  66,  67,  and  68.  [Same  as  in  print  of  May  29.] 

Sec  79.  Agricultural  corporations:  [Same  as  in  print  of  May  29.] 

[S.  2295.    In  the  House  of  Representatives.    June  4,  1902.    Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs. 

Passed  the  Senate  June  3,  1902.] 

Note. — S.  2295  passed  the  Senate  as  amended  in  the  Committee  of  the  Whole  and 
printed  on  June  2,  1902. 

Tlie  excessive  restrictions  at  all  stages  of  the  act  in  the  Senate 
speak  for  themselves. 

In  connection  with  that,  the  foregoing  Senate  copies  of  the  organic 
law,  I  refer  you  to  the  Congressional  Record  of  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress,  first  session,  pages  6082  and  6083,  showing  the  insertion  of 
the  limiting  clauses  in  the  friar-land  sections  on  the  floor  of  the 
Senate,  following  the  insertion  of  other  limitations,  one  of  them 
being  a  homestead  limitation. 

The  following  is  a  copy: 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  section  11,  on  page  7,  line  15,  after  the  word  ''provided,"  I  move 
to  insert  what  I  send  to  the  desk. 

The  Presiding  Officer.  The  amendment  will  be  stated. 

The  Secretary.  In  section  11,  on  page  7,  line  15,  after  the  word  "provided,"  it  is 
proposed  to  insert: 

^'Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  40  acres  in  extent  or  its 
equivalent  in  hectares." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

•*  -H-  *  *  *  ^  ^ 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  section  64,  on  page  38,  line  11,  after  the  word  "authorized,"  I 
move  to  insert  what  I  send  to  the  desk. 

The  Presiding  Officer.  The  amendment  will  be  stated. 

The  Secretary.  In  section  64,  on  page  38,  line  11,  after  the  word  "authorized,"  it 
is  proposed  to  insert  the  words  "subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed 
m  this  act." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  section  65,  on  page  38,  line  21,  after  the  word  "parcels,"  I  move  to 
insert  the  words  "and  in  such  manner." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  the  next  line,  line  22,  after  the  words  "affect  the,"  I  move  to  insert 
the  words  "peace  and;"  so  as  to  read  "affect  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people  of 
the  Philippine  Islands." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 


12  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  section  66,  on  page  40,  line  4,  after  the  word  ''prescribe,"  I  move 
to  insert  what  I  send  to  the  desk. 

The  Presiding  Officer.  The  amendment  will  be  stated. 

The  Secretary.  In  section  66,  page  40,  line  4,  after  the  word  "prescribe,"  it  is 
proposed  to  insert:  "subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

Mr.  Lodge.  In  line  5  of  the  same  section  and  on  the  same  page,  after  the  word 
"purchaser,"  I  move  to  insert  the  words  "of  any  parcel  or  portion  of  said  lands." 

The  amendment  was  agreed  to. 

The  foregoing  amendments  were  inserted  on  May  29,  1902,  and 
effectively  applied  the  public-land  limitations  to  the  friar,  which  was 
not  the  case  when  the  bill  came  from  the  Committee  of  the  Whole  on 
April  18,  1902,  and  was  reprinted. 

Next,  I  would  like  to  have  the  committee  consider  the  opinion 
of  Hon.  Morefield  Storey,  of  Boston,  Mass.,  one  of  the  most  eminent 
constitutional  lawyers  of  the  United  States,  former  president  of  the 
American  Bar  Association  and  of  the  Massachusetts  Bar  Association, 
an  opinion  dealing  with  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  the  opinion  of  Attorney  General  Wickersham  thereon,  holding, 
as  Mr.  Storey  does  in  his  opinion,  that  the  quantity  limitations  upon 
the  disposition  of  the  friar  lands  clearly  apply.  I  shall  insert  here, 
in  order,  the  opinions  of  Mr.  Wickersham  and  Mr.  Storey: 

Opinion  of  Attorney  General  Wickersham. 

Department  op  Justice, 
Washington,  December  18,  1909. 
The  Secretary  op  War. 

Sir:  In  your  letter  of  December  4th  instant  you  request  an  opinion  upon  the  ques- 
tion ''whether  section  15  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  1,  1902,  entitled  'An 
act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government 
in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,'  limiting  the  amount  of  land  which 
may  be  acquired  by  individuals  and  corporations,  is  made  applicable  by  section  65 
of  said  act  to  the  estates  purchased  from  religious  orders  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
pursuant  to  the  authority  conferred  upon  the  Philippine  government  by  sections  63, 
64,  and  said  section  65  of  the  act  mentioned." 

Section  15  must  be  taken  in  connection  with  sections  12  and  13,  which  are  as  follows: 

"Sec.  12.  That  all  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain,  signed 
December  10,  1898,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  designated  by  the 
President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the  Government 
of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  government  of  said 
islands,  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  pro- 
vided in  this  act. 

"Sec.  13.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  act  and  except  aa  therein  provided,  shall  classify  according  to  its  agricultural 
character  and  productiveness,  and  shall  immediately  make  rules  and  regulations  for 
the  lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  public  lands  other  than  timber  or  mineral 
lands;  but  such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into  effect  or  have  the  force  of 
law  until  they  have  received  the  approval  of  the  President,  and  when  approved  by 
the  President  they  shall  be  submitted  by  him  to  Congress  at  the  beginning  of  the 
ensuing  session  thereof,  and,  unless  disapproved  or  amended  by  Congress  at  said 
session,  they  shall  at  the  close  of  such  period  have  the  force  and  effect  of  law  in  the 
Philippine  Islands:  Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  16 
hectares  in  extent." 

Section  15  then  provides: 

"That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and  empow- 
ered, on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for  the  grant- 
ing or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens  of  said 
islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber  and  mineral 
lands,  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceeding  16  hec- 
tares to  any  one  person,  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than  1,024  hectares 
to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons:  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  13 

lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  con- 
ditioned upon  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the 
premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser 
or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restric- 
tion shall  not  apply  to  transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the 
distribution  of  the  estates  of  decedents." 

The  lands  referred  to  in  sections  13  and  15  are  agricultural  lands.  They  are  care- 
fully distinguished  from  timber  and  mineral  lands.  They  are  lands  which  have  been 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  with  Spain. 
Section  13  is  a  recognition  of  homestead  entries.  Section  15  provides  for  the  grant  or 
sale  of  lands  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citizens,  but  the  grants  and  sale 
thus  made  are  upon  the  condition  of  actual  and  continued  occupancy,  improvement, 
and  cultivation  for  not  less  than  five  years. 

In  accordance  with  the  authority  given  to  it  the  Philippine  Commission  enacted 
the  law  known  as  the  public  land  law,  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  these  sections. 

Sections  63,  64,  and  65  were  enacted  for  a  different  purpose.  The  authority  of  the 
Philippine  government  in  relation  to  property  was  largely  extended.  They  are  as 
follows: 

"Sec.  63.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized, 
subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,  to  acquire,  receive, 
hold,  maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  may  acquire  real 
estate  for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  eminent  domain. 

"Sec.  64.  That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  63  may  also  be  exer- 
cised in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments  which, 
on  the  13th  of  August,  1898,  were  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  com- 
munities, religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and 
in  such  manner  as,  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission,  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace 
and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  And  for  the  purpose  of  pro- 
viding funds  to  acquire  the  lands  mentioned  in  this  section  said  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  empowered  to  incur  indebtedness,  to  borrow  money, 
and  to  issue,  and  to  sell  at  not  less  than  par  value,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States 
of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of  said 
islands,  upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  deem  best,  registered  or  coupon 
bonds  of  said  government  for  such  amount  as  may  be  necessary,  said  bonds  to  be  in 
denominations  of  $50  or  any  multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  not  exceeding 
4J  per  cent  per  annum,  payable  quarterly,  and  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  said 
government  after  dates  named  in  said  bonds,  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than  thirty 
years  from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with  interest  thereon,  in  gold  coin  of  the 
United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money  of 
said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  all  taxes  or  duties 
of  said  government,  or  any  local  authority  therein,  or  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States,  as  well  as  from  taxation  in  any  form  by  or  under  State,  municipal,  or  local 
authority  in  the  United  States  or  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  moneys  which  may 
be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  said  bonds  shall  be  applied  by  the 
government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  acquisition  of  the  property  authorized 
by  this  section  and  to  no  other  purposes. 

"Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  consti- 
tute a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not 
exceeding  three  years,  after  their  acquisition  by  said  government  on  such  terms  and 
conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided 
for  in  this  act:  Provided ^  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon 
shall  be  payable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest 
of  the  bonds  authorized  to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  sec- 
tion, and  said  deferred  payments  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds. 
All  moneys  realized  or  received  from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by 
reason  thereof  shall  constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest 
of  said  bonds,  and  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at 
their  maturity.  Actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired 
by  the  government  shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or 
acquire  their  holdings  within  such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said 
government." 

The  lands  designated  in  these  sections  were  acquired  in  an  entirely  different  manner 
from  the  property  acquired  under  the  treaty  with  Spain.  Their  disposition  was  upon 
different  principles.  Complete  general  power  to  acquire  and  dispose  of  property,  real 
and  personal,  was  given  by  section  63  to  the  Philippine  government,  subject  only 
to  the  limitations  and  conditions  of  the  act.     Special  provision  was  made  in  the  sixty- 


14  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

fourth  section  for  the  acquisition  of  lands  owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations, 
communities,  religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels 
and  in  such  manner  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace 
and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  To  provide  funds  for  this  pur- 
pose, the  government  was  authorized  to  issue  and  sell  their  registered  or  coupon  bonds, 
the  proceeds  of  the  sales  of  which  were  to  be  applied  exclusively  to  the  acquisition 
of  the  property.  By  section  65  the  lands  were  to  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed  on  such 
terms  and  conditions  as  the  Philippine  government  might  prescribe,  subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  of  the  act. 

A  sinking  fund  was  created  embracing  the  moneys  realized  from  sales  or  disposition 
of  the  said  lands  for  the  payment  of  the  bonds  at  their  maturity. 

To  be  sure,  provision  was  made  for  the  protection  of  occupants  and  settlers  by  giving 
them  preference  in  purchasing  or  leasing  said  lands;  but  these  purchases  were  in  recog- 
nition of  rights  vested  before  the  lands  were  acquired,  and  were  on  a  different  basis 
from  the  preemption  purchases  by  occupants  and  settlers  upon  the  condition  of  occu- 
pancy, improvement,  and  cultivation. 

The  Philippine  Commission  enacted  a  law  April  26,  1904,  "for  the  administration 
and  temporary  leasing  and  sale  of  certain  haciendas  and  parcels  of  land,  commonly 
known  as  friar  lands,  for  the  purchase  of  which  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
has  recently  contracted,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  sections  63,  64,  and  65  of  an  act 
of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  entitled  'An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the 
administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for 
other  purposes,'  approved  on  the  1st  day  of  July,  1902." 

This  act  fiilly  provided  for  carrying  into  effect  the  act  of  Congress  in  the  acquisition 
of  the  friar  lancis.  It  appears  that  the  lands  were  purchased  and  the  bonds  issued  in 
conformity  with  the  conditions  in  these  statutes. 

One  of  the  recitals  in  the  Philippine  act,  after  stating  the  terms  of  the  act  of  Congress, 
is  that ' '  whereas  the  said  lands  are  not '  public  lands '  in  the  sense  in  which  these  words 
are  used  in  the  public-land  act,  No.  926,  and  can  not  be  acquired  or  leased  under  the 
provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper  agencies  for  carrying  out  the 
terms  of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  requirements  of  said  act  of  Congress  with 
reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and  the  creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to 
secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued." 

The  public-lands  act  was  ''general  legislation  "  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  sections 
12,  13,  14,  15,  and  16.  The*  restrictions  and  limitations  of  these  sections  are  specific 
and  well  defined.  They  apply  to  lands  acquired  by  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain. 
The  citizens  are  limited  in  their  rights  of  purchase  to  quantity  and  to  compliance  with 
the  requirements  of  occupancy  and  cultivation.. 

The  pui chase  of  the  friar  lands  was  made  under  the  authority  of  the  legislation 
herein  recited.  That  authoiity  was  lawfully  delegated  to  the  Philippine  government 
by  Congress.  The  government  has  complete  control  over  the  sale  of  the  lands  "on 
such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,"  subject  to  the  limitations  and  condi- 
tions provided  for  in  the  act  of  1902. 

All  moneys  realized  from  the  issue  and  sale  of  the  bonds  autliorized  by  the  sections 
of  the  act  recited  herein  must  be  applied  to  the  acquisition  of  the  property  and  to  no 
other  purpose.  The  moneys  received  from  the  sales  and  disposition  of  the  lands 
constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  the  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  and 
also  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  the  bonds  at  maturity.  There  are  conditions 
prescribed  in  the  act  of  Congress  and  carried  into  the  Philippine  Commission  act. 
The  intention  of  Congress  was  to  abolish  a  system  of  ownership  disadvantageous  to  the 
government,  and  at  the  same  time  to  provide  for  the  sale  of  the  acquired  property, 
so  that  the  bonds  issued  for  the  purchase  might  not  become  a  permanent  burden. 

I  am  of  opinion  that  the  limitations  in  section  15  do  not  apply  to  the  estates  pur- 
chased from  religious  orders  under  sections  63,  64,  and  65  of  the  Philippine  act. 
Very  respectfully, 

Geo.  W.  Wickersham, 

Attorney  General, 

Opinion  of  Mr.   Moorfield  Storey  controverting  that  of  Attorney  General  Wickersham, 

I  am  sorry  to  take  issue  with  Attorney  General  Wickersham,  for  whom  I  have  great 
respect,  upon  the  question  whether  the  lands  purchased  from  the  religious  orders  in 
the  Philippine  Islands  can  be  sold  in  larger  quantities  than  those  which  are  prescribed 
by  section  15  of  the  act  of  Congress  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the 
aaministration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for 
other  purposes,"  approved  July  1, 1902,  but  in  my  judgment  he  is  wrong  in  his  con- 
struction of  that  act. 


ABMINIBTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  15 

The  question  as  he  states  it  in  his  opinion  of  December  18,  1909,  is  whether  section 
15  of  the  act  above  stated  is  made  applicable  by  section  65  of  said  act  to  the  estates 
purchased  from  religious  orders  in  the  Philippine  Islands  pursuant  to  the  authority 
conferred  upon  the  Philippine  government  by  section  63,  section  64,  and  the  said  sec- 
tion 65  of  the  act  mentioned. 

In  order  to  answer  this  question  we  are  called  upon  to  construe  different  sections 
of  the  same  act,  and  they  must  be  construed  so  that  all  may  stand  together  and  that 
the  intention  of  the  act  ma^^  be  carried  out. 

Section  12  of  that  act  provides  ' '  that  all  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been 
acquired  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with 
Spain,  signed  December  10,  1898,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  desig- 
nated by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the  govern- 
ment of  said  i-slands  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof  except 
as  provided  in  this  act." 

Section  13  requires  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  ' '  classify  according 
to  its  agricultural  character  and  productiveness  the  public  lands  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands." 

Section  15  provides  ''that  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  author- 
ized and  empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to  pro- 
vide for  the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other 
citizens  of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands,  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not  exceed- 
ing 16  hectares  to  any  one  person  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not  more  than 
1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons." 

Section  64  provides  for  the  purchase  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and 
hereditaments  "owned  or  held  by  associations,  corporations,  communities,  religious 
orders,  or  private  individuals  in  such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and  in  such  manner  as  in 
the  opinion  of  the  commission  injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people 
of  the  Philippine  Islands." 

Section  65  provides  "that  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall 
constitute  a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not 
exceeding  three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  Government  upon  such  terms  and 
conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for 
in  this  act." 

These  seem  to  me  to  be  the  important  provisions  of  the  law  which  we  are  called  upon 
to  construe,  and  it  is  to  be  observed  that  the  land  acquired  under  section  64  is  to 
become  a  part  of  the  "public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands," 
which  phrase  is  in  effect  the  same  as  that  which  is  used  in  section  15,  where  provision 
is  made  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  "of  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain," 
and  it  would  seem  to  be  the  intention  of  Congress  that  this  land  should  be  dealt  with 
precisely  as  the  rest  of  the  public  domain  was  to  be  dealt  with.  Section  63  expressly 
makes  the  power  of  the  Government  to  receive,  hold,  and  convey  title  "subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  ia  this  act."  The  same  limitation  is  found  in 
section  65,  where  the  language  is  that  the  property  may  be  "held,  sold,  and  conveyed 
*    "^    *    subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act." 

The  Attorney  General  sums  up  his  argument  by  saying:  "The  Government  has 
complete  control  over  the  sale  of  the  lands,  on  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may 
prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  the  act  of  1902." 
In  this  conclusion  I  agree  and  it  only  remains  to  determine  what  are  "the  limitations 
and  conditions"  contained  in  the  act,  subject  to  which  this  control,  including  the 
power  to  buy  and  sell,  is  granted.  I  find  none  which  so  clearly  come  within  this  lan- 
guage as  those  which  limit  the  amount  to  be  conveyed,  so  that  not  exceeding  16  hec- 
tares can  be  sold  to  any  person,  and  not  exceeding  1,024  hectares  can  be  sold  to  any 
association  or  corporation,  and  the  further  limitation  which  excepts  from  the  power  to 
sell  all  public  timber  and  mineral  lands.  Certainly  these  are  "limitations  and  restric- 
tions provided  for  in  this  act,"  and  as  the  power  to  sell  is  made  subject  to  all  such 
limitations  and  restrictions,  there  seems  to  be  no  ground  for  excluding  these  from  the 
general  language  of  the  act.  I  can  not  therefore  resist  the  conclusion  that  the  power 
to  sell  the  land  purchased  from  the  religious  orders  and  then  added  to  the  public 
domain  is  subject  to  these  precise  limitations  as  to  quantity. 

Moreover,  when  we  consider  the  purpose  of  these  limitations,  which  was  to  prevent 
the  exploiting  of  the  Philippine  Islands  by  American  or  other  capitalists,  and  to 
provide  that  these  lands  be  "administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants  thereof" 
in  the  words  of  section  12,  no  reason  can  be  suggested  why  the  very  choice  agricultural 
lands,  which  were  held  by  the  religious  orders,  should  be  thrown  open  to  exploitation, 


16  ADMINISTEATIOJSr    OF  PHILIPPHsTE  LANDS. 

or  why  the  general  policy  contemplated  by  the  act  should  have  been  abandoned  in 
dealing  with  this  very  important  portion  of  Philippine  agricultural  land.  The  reason 
which  required  the  limitation  in  other  cases  applies  with  equal  force  to  these  lands,  and 
I  can  not  doubt  that  it  was  the  intention  of  Congress  that  the  policy  should  be  the  same. 
The  Attorney  General  says  that  they  were  acquired  in  a  different  manner  from  the 
property  acquired  under  the  treaty  with  Spain.  This  is  true,  but  they  were  acquired 
by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  for  the  benefit  of  the  Filipino  people, 
were  paid  for  with  the  proceeds  oi  bonds  which  were  obligations  of  the  islands,  were 
added  to  the  same  limitations  which  applied  to  the  rest  of  the  public  domain.  The 
fact  that  the  act  contemplated  the  sale  of  those  lands  and  the  application  of  the  pro- 
ceeds to  a  sinking  fund  does  not  vary  the  construction  of  the  act.  The  government 
was  authorized  to  sell  under  certain  limitations,  and  the  proceeds  of  sales  so  made 
were  to  be  paid  into  the  sinking  fund,  but  this  use  of  the  money  can  not  enlarge  the 
limited  power  to  sell.  Some  sales  were  authorized,  and  the  use  to  be  made  of  the 
money  realized  from  these  was  prescribed,  but  it  can  not  be  argued  that,  because 
the  proceeds  of  authorized  sales  must  be  so  used,  limitations  expressly  imposed  on 
the  authority  to  sell  are  removed.  The  Attorney  General  rests  a  part  of  his  argument 
on  the  act  passed  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  but  as  the  authority  of  that  commis- 
sion is  expressly  limited  by  the  act  of  Congress,  we  must  examine  the  latter  to  see 
whether  the  action  of  the  commission  was  authorized,  and  not  conclude  that  a  restric- 
tion which  Congress  expressly  imposed  did  not  exist  because  the  commission  disre- 
garded or  misinterpreted  it.  I  am  of  opinion,  therefore,  that  the  sale  of  agricultural 
land  to  any  corporation  or  association  m  excess  of  the  amount  limited  by  the  pro- 
visions of  the  act  which  I  have  quoted  is  unauthorized  and  void,  and  that  the  pur- 
chaser acquires  no  title  to  the  land  so  sold. 

Mr.  Douglas.  May  I  ask  you,  Mr.  Martin,  why  all  that  is  not  a 
matter  of  argument  rather  than  a  matter  of  testimony? 

Mr.  Cbumpacker.  It  is  only  a  question  of  law. 

Mr.  Fowler.  Supplementing  what  they  say,  can  that  ever  be 
settled  except  by  somebody  bringing  an  action  in  court  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Never,  in  my  opinion. 

Mr.  Fowler.  If  not,  then  that  somebody  ought  to  bring  that 
action  and  determine  that  question.  I  should  judge,  from  your 
statement,  that  it  can  never  be  determined  finally  by  a  discussion 
here. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  a  question  of  law  anyhow.  I  did  not 
understand  that  we  were  to  have  law  arguments  before  the  com- 
mittee. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  was  not  undertaking  to  make  an  argument.  It 
was  my  idea  that  the  question  of  the  application  of  the  limitations 
would  be,  among  other  things,  passed  upon  by  the  committee.  I 
want  to  say  now  that  there  are  a  number  of  features  connected  with 
these  transactions  involving  questions  of  fact,  as  to  the  conduct  of 
certain  officials  in  making  these  sales,  the  manner  in  which  the 
negotiations  were  carried  on,  the  agencies  by  which,  the  parties  to 
whom,  and  the  purpose  for  which  these  lands  were  acquired,  etc.,  but 
it  seems  to  me  that  at  this  time  the  committee  might  take  the  time 
to  let  this  feature  that  I  am  on  now  be  developed  a  little  further  and 
then  they  can  determine  afterwards  what  action  they  want  to  take 
with  reference  to  it. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Where  can  these  opinions  of  Mr.  Storey  and  Mr. 
Wickersham  be  found  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  can  furnish  them.  I  have  them  all  right  here; 
they  are  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  in  Mr.  Wickersham's  letter  to  Mr.  McCall. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  are  all  matters  of  record. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  It  is  sometimes  so  difficult  to  find  them  in  a  public 
document. 


ADMIKISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  17 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  be  glad  to  furnish  them  to  the  committee. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  When  will  you  do  that — this  morning  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  have  them  all  here,  but  will  hardly  do  it  this  morning. 

Mr.  Parsons.     Have  you  all  the  prints  of  the  Senate  bill  there  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  sir;  I  have  not.  Those  are  Senate  files  that  I 
would  not  be  permitted  to  take  out,  but  only  go  there  to  examine. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  suggest  that  Mr.  Martin  submit  the  copies  of  the 
opinions  that  he  has,  and  that  they  be  published  in  the  proceedings 
to-day  and  then  we  will  have  them  all  before  us,  and  if  he  has  reprints 
of  that  bill,  Senate  2295,  that  he  furnish  it  and  it  be  published  in  the 
proceedings  of  to  day. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  So  that  we  can  have  them  all  in  compact  form  for 
the  members  of  this  committee  to  read. 

Mr.  Martin.  Do  you  mean  to  furnish  those  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  To  furnish  them  to  the  clerk,  and  he  will  get  them 
printed  in  the  proceedings. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  think  they  have  only  one  copy  each. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  have  read  all  those  prmts,  and  the  custodian 
said  they  had  no  extra  copies.     They  have  them  in  bound  form. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  it  necessary  to  have  all  the  prints,  the  whole  bill 
each  time  ?     Are  there  not  simply  certain  sections  that  are  important  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Could  we  not  have,  therefore,  just  tliose  sections  of 
the  prints  inserted  in  the  record  ?  I  therefore  suggest  that  Mr.  Martin 
indicate  to  the  stenographer  juSt  what  sections  of  each  print  he  wants 
printed  in  the  record,  and  that  those  be  printed. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  think  ,  Mr.  Parsons,  if  we  have  those  at  all,  the 
only  safe  thing  is  to  have  them  all.  Mr.  Martin  might  fmd  it  advisable 
from  his  standpoint  to  insei:t^  sections  pertinent  to  prove  certain 
things,  or  regarding  certain  propositions,  and  some  members  of  the 
committee  might  reach  a  different  conclusion. 

The  Chairman.  If  we  deem  it  important,  we  can  have  them  copied 
over  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  As  to  the  prints  aside  from  the  bill  that  was 
reported  to  the  Senate,  it  does  not  seem  to  me  it  can  be  a  matter  of 
importance  anyhow  bearing  upon  the  whole  question.  What  a  man 
introduces  and  has  referred  to  a  committee  and  is  printed,  it  seems  to 
me,  is  no  kind  of  proof  of  tlie  intention  of  the  legislature  in  enacting  a 
law.  The  bill  reported,  and  then  the  action  of  the  two  houses  on  the  bill 
reported,  may  be  considered  where  there  is  an  ambiguity  that  it  is 
necessary  to  clear  up.  But  the  introduction  of  the  bill,  and  its  having 
been  printed  and  referred  to  a  committee,  are  no  proof  of  the  intention 
of  the  intent  of  the  legislature. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Having  the  bill  the  way  it  was  introduced,  and  the 
amendments  when  it  was  reported,  we  have  the  changes  each  time 
the  bill  was  printed.     I  should  think  that  would  be  important. 

Mr.  Fowler.  Any  light  thrown  on  the  question  through  the  dis- 
cussion on  the  part  of  all  these  people  would  be  an  interpretation. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  part  of  it  might  be,  if  there  was  an  am- 
biguity that  needs  clearing  up. 

Mr.  Madison.  As  a  matter  of  law  we  would  not  have  any  right,  if 
we  were  sitting  as  a  court,  to  resort  to  the  debates  for  the  interpreta- 
tion of  the  statute,  and  I  want  to  say  now  that  this  committee,  if  it 


18  ADMINISTKATION   01^  PHILIPPINE  I>ANDS. 

is  going  to  construe  this  law,  ought  not  to  resort  to  any  means  that  a 
court  would  not  resort  to.  It  ought  not  to  be  guided  by  anything 
that  a  court  would  not  be  guided  by. 

Mr.  Martin.  Just  pardon  me  there  a  moment,  Mr.  Madison,  if  you 
please.  I  do  not  know  what  scoj^e  the  committee  will  permit  this 
investigation  to  take,  but  it  is  quite  clear  in  my  mind,  and  I  have 
emphasized  it  from  the  start,  that  the  colonial  policy  of  this  Govern- 
ment, which  was  determined  by  Congress,  is  just  as  controlling  in 
this  matter  as  the  statutory  law.  I  have  always  said — made  it  clear  in 
my  opening  statement  and  state  now — that  the  sales  of  these  estates 
in  bulk  were  not  only  in  violation  of  the  organic  law  of  the  Phihppine 
Islands,  but  of  the  estabUshed  colonial  policy  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  said  that,  Mr.  Martin,  by  way  of  opening 
and  will  you  give  us  somewhere  in  the  course  of  your  statement  what 
you  conceive  the  colonial  policy  in  this  respect  to  be  or  some  authority 
as  to  what  you  conceive  it  to  be  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  I  will.  I  can  say  now  that  never  in  any 
other  hearings  before  the  committees  of  Congress,  at  the  time  of  the 
passage  of  this  act  and  since — and  those  hearings  have  been  very 
voluminous — has  it  ever  been  suggested  that  land  holdings  in  the 
Philippines  should  exceed  20,000  acres.  That  is  the  highest  recom- 
mendation ever  made  by  President  Taft  himself.  He  has  expressly 
declared  against  these  large  sugar  and  tobacco  estates,  such  as  these 
lands  have  been  sold  for.  ' 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Has  this  policy  ever  taken  the  form  of  law? 
Mr.  Martin.  It  has  taken  the  form  of  law  in  this  act.  It  has  taken 
the  form  of  law  in  Porto  Rico,  where  the  limitation  is  500  acres,  and 
in  the  bill  now  pending,  which  passed  the  House  at  the  last  session 
and  is  pending  in  the  Senate,  that  is  enlarged  to  2,500  acres — the 
amendment  of  the  gentleman  from  Kansas,  Mr.  Madison.  It  is  the 
policy  of  this  Government  in  the  Hawaiian  Islands.  I  do  not  just 
know  what  the  limitations  are  in  Hawaii,  but  they  began  with  very 
small  limitations  there. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  public-land  system  there  is  a  system  of  its 
own,  of  itself.     They  have  a  different  system. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  only  limitation  in  Porto  Rico  is  on  corpo- 
rations; that  is  the  only  limitation  anj^where,  on  corporations. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  is  not  this  true,  if  I  may  just  ask  you  a  question, 
without  any  regard  to  the  policy  of  the  Government  with  reference 
to  public  land,  since  the  Government  substantially  coerced  the  Phil- 
ippine government  into  bonding  itself  for  nearly  $7,000,000  to  buy 
the  lands,  is  not  the  question,  not  with  reference  to  any  public  policy 
with  reference  to  public  land,  and  with  reference  to  the  comparatively 
small  number  of  acres  compared  to  the  public  lands  that  were  included 
in  the  friar  lands,  whether  it  was  not  the  intention  to  leave  the 
Philippine  government  a  free  hand  in  the  disposition  of  those  lands 
in  order  to  relieve  itself  of  the  burden  of  disposing  of  the  bonds  ? 
Is  not  that  the  question  here  without  reference  to  colonial  poHcy  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  gentleman's  question  is  rather  lengthy,  but  I 
am  going  to  answer  it  briefly.  This  investigation  is  first  directed 
toward  the  friar  lands.  It  was  not  the  policy  to  give  the  Philippine 
Government  a  free  hand  in  their  disposition,  because  they  of  all  lands 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  ought  to  have  been  protected  by  the  limi- 
tations.    If  there  are  any  lands  there  which  should  be  protected 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  19 

from  monopoly  and  kept  in  the  hands  of  the  people,  it  is  these  estates, 
the  monopolization  of  which  by  the  friars  was  the  chief  source  of  dis- 
content in  those  islands.  Now,  then,  Mr.  Crump  acker  made  a  state- 
ment there  that  I  could  not  let  pass — I  might  overlook  it — that  this 
involved  only  the  acquisition  of  land  by  corporations. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  Porto  Rican  limitation,  I  said;  there  was  no 
limitation  on  the  quantity  that  an  individual  would  hold,  in  Porto 
Rico  or  anywhere  else. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  beg  the  gentleman's  pardon. 

The  Chairman.  If  the  Chair  may  suggest,  these  matters  seem  to  be 
rather  matters  of  law  and  perhaps  for  argument  after  the  testimony 
is  in.  It  seems  to  me  that  our  course  this  morning  was  to  ascertain 
what  facts  Mr.  Martin  desired  to  have  proved,  and  by  what  witnesses. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Will  we  not  get  along  much  more  ra]:)idly  by  allow- 
ing Mr.  Martin  to  proceed  with  his  statement  in  the  order  in  which  he 
has  started  it,  and  then  these  matters  of  discussion  between  ourselves 
can  arise  afterwards  ? 

The  Chairman.  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  was  about  to  suggest,  however,  and  it  is  a  proper 
place,  too,  I  think,  that  that  inhibition  in  the  Philippines  does  not 
simply  run  against  corporations;  it  runs  against  associations  of  per- 
sons, and  I  hope  the  committee,  not  only  now,  but  at  all  future  times, 
will  keep  that  fact  clearly  in  mind — that  associations  of  persons  are 
as  much  forbidden  by  the  law  as  are  corporations  to  acquire  large 
land  holdings. 

I  am  coming  now  to  some  matters  that  take  us  a  little  away  from 
the  naked  question  of  law,  but  show  how  inseparably  some  features 
of  this  inquiry  are  bound  up  in  that  question.  I  want  to  show  from 
the  records  which  have  been  made  up  by  the  War  Department — 
and  by  the  War  Department  I  mean  in  this  case  the  Bureau  of 
Insular  Affairs — that  they  regarded  the  limitations  as  applying  to 
the  friar  lands.  I  want  to  show  that  by  Gen.  Edwards's  letter  to 
Mr.  Olmsted  of  January  28,  1910,  published  in  the  Congressional 
Record  of  March  28,  1910,  at  page  3388.  I  want  to  show  it  by  the 
statement  of  Secretary  of  the  Interior  Worcester,  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  in  his  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  August  29,  1910, 
at  page  65,  which  is  before  the  committee  here  in  the  form  of  a  pam- 
phlet entitled  ^^The  Friar  Land  Inquiry,  Philippine  Government.^' 

Mr.  RucKER.  That  is  to  the  governor,  is  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No;  these  are  reports  by  the  governor,  the  secretary 
of  the  interior,  and  director  of  public  lands  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Mr.  RucKER.  The  secretary  of  the  interior  directs  this  to  the 
governor  general. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  want  to  show  it  by  Maj.  Mcln tyre's  letter  to  Mr. 
John  Henry  Hammond,  of  the  firm  of  Strong  &  Cadwallader,  on 
October  2,  1909,  which  appears  in  the  Congressional  Record  on  April 
14  last,  at  page  4836.  I  wish  to  show  it  by  Gov.  Forbes's  cablegram 
to  the  Secretary  of  War,  of  October  22,  1909,  appearing  in  the  Con- 
gressional Record  of  April  14  last,  at  page  4835.  I  want  to  show  it 
by  the  opinion  of  the  solicitor  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and 
the  director  of  lands  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  as  the  same  appears 
in  this  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  at  fjage  107.  In  other  words, 
gentlemen,  there  are  statements  and  admissions  now  in  the  records 
made  by  the  variou3  officials  that  I  have  mentioned,  and  by  others, 


20  ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

going  to  show  that  they  regarded  and  considered  the  Kmitations  in 
the  organic  law  of  the  PhiHppine  Islands  as  applying  to  the  friar 
lands,  and  that  they  so  advised  proposed  purchasers  of  these  lands, 
notwithstanding  which,  and  prior  to  any  opinion  by  the  Attorney 
General  of  the  United  States,  they  negotiated  and  consummated  the 
sale  of  some  of  these  estates. 

Gen.  Edwards's  letter  of  January  28,  1910,  to  Hon,  M.  E.  Olmsted, 
referring  to  Philippine  friar  land  act — various  statements  recognizing 
the  limitation  (Congressional  Record  Mar.  28,  1910,  p.  3888): 

War  Department, 
Bureau  op  Insular  Affairs, 

Washington,  January  28,  1910. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Olmsted:  I  beg  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter  of  January 
24,  inclosing  one  addressed  to  the  Hon.  S.  W.  McCall  by  Mr.  Erving  Winelow,  secretary 
of  the  Anti-Imperialist  League,  regarding  the  sale  of  one  of  the  friar  estates,  comprising 
approximately  58,000  acres. 

I  return  Mr.  Winslow's  letter  herewith.  He  thinks  this  sale  is  illegal  notwithstand- 
ing the  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General,  of  which  I  inclose  a  copy. 

This  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  seems  to  cover  fully  the  legal  aspect  of  the 
question.  I  also  inclose  copy  of  a  pamphlet  containing  a  compilation  of  the  laws 
and  regulations  relating  to  public  lands  in  the  Philippines,  prepared  in  1908,  and 
also  copies  of  two  acts  of  the  Philippine  Legislature  amending  the  laws  of  the  Philippine 
Commission  regarding  the  sale  of  friar  lands.  These  will  be  referred  to  in  the  following 
statement,  which  I  think  will  make  clear  the  facts  in  the  case: 

Beginning  with  section  12  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  1,  1902,  generally 
known  as  the  organic  act  of  the  Philippine  government,  are  a  number  of  sections 
which  relate  to  the  public  domain  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  Section  15  contains 
the  conditions  under  which  the  Philippine  government  might  dispose  of  the  public 
domain,  limiting  the  amount  which  might  be  acquired  by  an  individual  to  16  hectares 
(approximately  40  acres)  and  by  a  corporation  or  association  of  persons  to  1,024  hectares 
(approximately  2,500  acres). 

In  another  part  of  this  very  comprehensive  act,  beginning  with  section  63,  authority 
was  given  the  Philippine  government  to  purchase  certain  lands  of  religious  orders  and 
to  issue  bonds  for  the  purchase  price  thereof,  and  section  65  authorized  that  govern- 
ment to  dispose  of  these  lands  under  certain  conditions. 

It  was  never  contended,  as  far  as  known  here,  that  the  lands  thus  purchased,  or 
which,  in  fact,  might  be  purchased  under  any  authority  of  the  Philippine  govern- 
ment to  acquire  lands,  became  thereby  a  part  of  the  public  domain  or  subject  in  any 
way  to  the  laws  which  related  to  the  public  domain. 

Having  purchased  the  friar  lands  under  the  authority  above  outlined,  the  Phil- 
ippine Commission,  on  April  26,  1904,  enacted  a  law  providing  for  the  administration, 
temporary  leasing,  and  sale  of  these  lands.  This  act  (No.  1120),  which  you  will  find 
on  page  41  et  seq,  of  the  inclosed  compilation,  distinctly  stated  in  the  fourth  para- 
graph of  the  preamble  thereto,  that  "Whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  public  lands  in 
the  sense  in  which  those  words  are  used  in  the  public-land  act,  and  can  not  be  acquired 
or  leased  under  the  provisions  thereof.  *  *  *"  So  as  to  this  point  there  seems 
never  to  have  been  any  doubt.  However,  in  this  act  the  commission  did  impose  the 
same  restrictions  on  the  sale  of  the  friar  land  as  were  provided  in  the  case  of  public 
lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  except  that  an  actual  occupant  of  the  land  might 
acquire  an  amount  in  excess  of  that  limitation.  The  purchase  of  this  land  by  the 
Government  having  been  made  for  the  benefit  of  the  occupants,  the  principal  object 
of  the  transaction  would  have  been  defeated  if  a  tenant  holding  more  than  40  acres 
had  been  restricted  to  that  amount  when  he  attempted  to  become  the  owner  of  his 
holding. 

It  should  be  observed  that  of  the  23  estates  purchased  from  the  friars,  one,  the  San 
Jos^  estate,  in  Mindoro,  which  is  now  under  consideration,  was  wholly  unoccupied; 
another,  the  Isabela  estate,  in  Isabela  Province,  Luzon,  is  practically  unoccupied; 
and  one,  known  as  the  Calamba  estate,  in  Lacuna  Province,  Luzon,  was  but  30  per 
cent  occupied.     Of  the  other  estates,  all  were,  m  large  part,  occupied. 

From  the  date  of  acquiring  these  lands  the  Philippine  Government  proceeded  undei 
the  act  above  referred  to,  its  efforts  being  principally  directed  to  disposing  of  the  land 
to  the  actual  occupants  where  occu|)ied.  However,  it  soon  became  evident  that  the 
unoccupied  estates  could  not  be  disposed  of  with  the  limitations  as  to  individual 


ADMINISTRATION   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  21 

purchasers  in  the  public-land  law  which  had  been  embodied  by  the  Philippine  Com- 
mission in  the  law  governing  the  sale  of  the  friar  lands. 

Before  the  lands  could  be  sold  it  was  necessary  to  make  surveys  and  proper  descrip- 
tions of  the  various  estates,  so  that  the  bureau  of  the  Philippine  Government  having 
the  matter  in  hand  was  occupied  in  various  preliminaries  and  was  not  prepared  to 
offer  these  unoccupied  lands  for  sale  much  before  1908.  In  his  report  for  that  year 
the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  lands  called  attention  to  the  impossibility  of  selling  such 
lands  in  the  very  small  lots  allowed  by  existing  laws  of  the  Philippines,  and  recom- 
mended that  the  law  be  so  modified  as  to  enable  the  government  to  offer  these  unoccu- 
pied estates  under  such  terms  as  would  attract  purchasers.  This  recommendation 
met  the  approval  of  the  Philippine  Legislature,  the  Philippine  Commission  having 
ceased  to  be  the  legislative  body  of  the  islands,  becoming  simply  the  upper  house  of 
the  legislature,  the  lower  house  being  elective.  This  legislature  enacted  acts  Nos. 
1847  and  1933,  copies  of  which  are  inclosed  herewith. 

The  principal  object  of  these  acts  was  to  enable  the  Philippine  Government  to 
dispose  of  those  unoccupied  friar  lands.  As  far  as  known,  no  question  had  ever  been 
raised  as  to  the  legality  of  the  action  thus  taken  by  the  legislature.  It  was  believed 
to  be  acting  within  the  authority  which  had  been  given  it  by  Congress  to  dispose 
of  these  lands. 

Proceeding  in  accordance  with  the  friar-land  act,  as  thus  amended,  effort  was  made 
to  sell  the  San  Jose  estate,  in  the  island  of  Mindoro,  which  is  the  one  referred  to  above 
as  being  wholly  unoccupied.  The  Christian,  civilized  inhabitants  of  that  island  are 
very  few  in  number,  and  it  was  evident  to  anyone  acquainted  with  conditions  in  the 
Philippines  that  if  the  sale  of  this  estate  was  restricted  to  small,  40-acre  sections,  it 
would  not  be  disposed  of  within  the  life  of  the  bonds  issued  for  its  purchase  by  the 
Government.  The  Philippine  Government  had  paid  for  this  estate  $298,000.  The 
bonds  paid  4  per  cent,  so  that  the  annual  charges  against  the  estate  were  considerable, 
and  the  large  initial  cost  to  the  Philippine  Government  was  being  rapidly  increased,  as 
the  only  revenues  received  from  it  were  small  amounts  for  grazing  privileges,  the  land 
being  unoccupied  and  uncultivated. 

This  was  considered  to  be  good  sugar  land,  and  there  was  no  great  delay  in  obtaining 
an  offer  for  it  after  the  removal  of  the  limitation  as  to  area  which  could  be  sold  to  one 
purchaser. 

The  first  information  concerning  the  sale  of  this  estate  to  be  received  in  the  War 
Department  was  through  the  public  press.  It  was  to  the  effect  that  a  Mr.  Poole,  of 
Habana,  was  the  buyer.  The  Governor  General  of  the  Philippine  Islands  had  pro- 
ceeded with  the  sale  under  the  laws  above  referred  to,  and  had  not  felt  it  necessary 
to  consult  the  department  in  the  matter.  However,  as  it  was  the  first  sale  under  the 
amended  laws,  the  Secretary  of  War  cabled  the  Governor  General  to  hold  up  the  con- 
clusion of  the  sale  pending  an  investigation  of  the  right  of  the  Philippine  Government 
to  make  the  proposed  sale,  and  at  the  same  time  the  attorney  of  the  proposed  pur- 
chaser submitted  the  same  question  to  the  Secretary  of  War.    ■ 

The  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  covers  the  legal  question  very  completely. 
The  sale  was  effected  and  the  first  payment  thereon  was  made  January  4,  1910.  The 
sale  price  was  1367,000,  which  covers  the  initial  cost  to  the  Philippine  Government, 
with  interest  thereon  at  4  per  cent  per  annum  from  the  date  of  purchase  until  the 
date  of  sale,  and  the  cost  of  administration  with  interest  thereon  at  the  same  rate . 

As  you  are  well  aware,  there  has  been  considerable  criticism  of  the  action  of  the  Phil- 
ippine Government  in  purchasing  these  estates.  There  have  been  allegations  that 
the  prices  paid  were  far  in  excess  of  their  commercial  value.  Rather  than  to  enter 
into  a  discussion  of  this  last  feature  the  Philippine  Government  has  been  disposed 
to  admit  that  the  price  was  a  large  one,  but  to  justify  the  purchase  on  the  grounds  of 
broad  public  policy. 

Since  the  sale  of  this  estate  in  the  open  market  at  the  price  paid  for  it,  plus  interest 
and  administration  charges,  there  has  been,  in  certain  quarters,  a  disposition  to  criticise 
this  transaction.  Having  prophesied  an  immense  loss  to  the  Philippine  government 
from  this  purchase,  there  has  been  some  disappointment  that  the  Government  had 
not  been  disposed  to  justify  these  prophecies. 

There  may  still  be  losses  due  to  the  purchase  of  these  estates,  but  they  will  be 
chargeable,  not  to  the  high  price  paid  for  the  property,  but  to  the  effort  of  the  Govern- 
ment to  protect  the  tenants  occupying  the  estates,  and  to  transfer  to  them  the  owner- 
ship of  their  holdings.  It  would  certainly  have  been  unwise  on  the  part  of  the  Govern- 
ment to  increase  the  loss  which  will  arise  from  this  carrying  out  of  a  policy  determined 
upon  when  the  estates  were  purchased,  by  improvidently  holding  unoccupied  estates 
which  could  not  for  generations  be  sold  except  to  persons  who  would  buy  them  only 
m  large  tracts. 


22  ADMINISTRATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

It  should  be  noted  that  this  was  a  sale  to  an  individual  and  not  to  a  corporation,  so 
that  the  question  of  the  area  of  land  which  may  be  operated  by  a  corporation  engaged  in 
agriculture  (sec.  75,  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902)  is  in  no  way  involved. 
Yours,  very  truly, 

C.  R.  Edwards. 
Hon.  Marlin  E.  Olmsted, 

Representative  in  Congress. 

From  Secretary  Worcester's  report  to  Gov.  Forbes,  August  29, 
1910,  page  65: 

But  until  June  3,  1908,  there  existed  a  provision  of  law  which  prevented  their  sale 
"en  bloc,"  or  the  sale  of  any  occupied  portion  of  them,  to  persons  other  than  occupants, 
or  the  sale  of  more  than  40  acres,  whether  occupied  or  unoccupied,  to  any  individual. 

Extract  from  opinion  of  solicitor  general  to  director  of  lands, 
Manila,  on  October  18,  1909: 

Manila,  October  18,  1909. 

Sir:  In  compliance  with  your  request  of  the  12th  instant,  I  have  the  honor  to 
render  an  opinion  upon  the  following  question: 

Has  the  director  of  lands  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to 
purchase  from  the  Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands  constituting  a  portion 
of  the  friar  lands  purchase  without  a  restriction  as  to  area? 

It  appears  from  your  communication  that  this  question  has  arisen  from  an  inquiry 
that  was  made  in  the  United  States'  as  to  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  de  Mindoro 
estate  by  an  individual,  and  you  say  it  is  understood  that  an  opinion  was- offered  at 
the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  that  an  individual  could  not  purchase  more  than  16 
hectares  of  unoccupied  friar  lands.  As  I  can  not  agree  with  that  opinion,  I  shall  state 
at  some  length"  the  grounds  upon  which  my  conclusion  is  based. 

Gov.  Forbes's  cable  to  Secretary  of  War,  October  22,  1909  (Con- 
gressional Eecord,  Apr.  14,  p.  4835): 

[Translation  of  cablegram  received.] 

October  22,  1909. 
SiCRETARY  OF  War,  Washington: 

Prentiss  and  Poole  desire  to  purchase  unoccupied  sugar  lands  on  San  Jose  friar  es- 
tates, Mindoro;  say  Hammond  was  informed  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  an  indi- 
vidual can  not  purchase  more  than  40  acres  friar  lands.  Can  not  understand  this,  as 
acts  1847  and  1933  were  passed  amending  friar-land  act  to  give  Government  right 
to  sell  vacant  friar  lands  without  restriction  as  to  area.  Attorney  general  concurs  in 
the  opinion  that  this  has  been  accomplished.  Please  confirm  by  telegraph  to  satisfy 
these  gentlemen. 

Forbes. 

Maj.  Mclntvre  to  Mr.  John  Henry  Hammond,  October  22,  1909 
(Congressional  Kecord,  Apr.  14,  p.  4836): 

Waji  Department, 
Bureau  op  Insular  Affairs, 

Washington,  October  22,  1909. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Hammond:  When  you  were  in  the  office  about  the  3d  of  September, 
among  other  things  with  reference  to  the  land  laws  of  the  Philippines  discussed  was 
the  application  oi  these  laws  to  the  friar  estates.  Very  little  attention  was  paid  to 
this  feature  of  the  case,  as  I  explained  to  you  that  I  was  under  the  impression  that  no 
effort  was  being  made  to  sell  any  of  the  friar  estates  in  large  blocks,  and  specifically 
that  I  did  not  understand  that  the  Philippine  Government  was  making  any  effort  to 
sell  the  San  Jose  estate  of  about  56,000  acres  on  the  island  of  Mindoro.  You  will  recall 
that  you  had  received  advice  from  Manila,  or  that  your  clients  had  received  advice, 
that  this  estate  was  in  the  market.  In  any  case,  I  am  satisfied  that  I  gave  you  the  im- 
pression that  the  limitations  of  the  act  of  Congress  relating  to  the  public  lands  had  been 
extended  to  the  friar  estates. 

I  now  desire  to  correct  both  of  these  impressions.  A  cable  received  from  Manila 
to-day  indicates  that  it  is  desired  to  sell  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  I  inclose  two  acts 
of  the  Philippine  legislature  amending  ''the  friar-lands  act,"  which  make  it  clear 
that  the  unoccupied  lands  on  the  friar  estates  may  be  sold  to  individuals  without 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  23 

any  limitation  as  to  area.  I  do  not  know  that  you  are  still  interested  in  this  matter 
in  any  way,  but  I  do  not  desire  that  you  should  be  under  any  misapprehension  as  to 
the  matter,  due  to  our  conversation. 

Sincerely,  yours,  Frank  McIntyre, 

Major ^  Eighth  Infantry^  Assistant  to  Chief  of  Bureau, 

John  Henry  Hammond,  Esq. 
(Care  Strong  &  Cadwalader), 

40  Wall  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

(Includes  acts  Nos.  1847  and  1933  of  the  Philippine  Commission.) 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of 
the  Phihppines  ?     Are  you  going  to  put  that  in  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  have  not  the  date  of  that^  and  I  think  I  will  allow 
the  other  gentlemen  to  put  that  in.  I  have  already  referred  to  the 
question  of  policy.  But  I  wish  to  refer  the  committee  here  to 
President  Taft's  testimony  in  the  hearings  before  the  Senate  Philip- 
pine Committee  in  February,  1902,  when  they  were  considering  the 
organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  particularly  what  he  had 
to  say  with  reference  to  the  size  of  land  holdings.  I  want  to  refer 
the  committee  to  President  Taft's  special  report  to  President  Roose- 
velt on  January  23,  1908,  when  Mr.  Taft  was  Secretary  of  War,  and 
what  he  had  to  say  there  about  land  limitations,  and  the  prol)able 
result  of  creating  these  large  plantations  or  estates  in  the  Philippine 
Islands. 

Gov.  Taft  before  the  House  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs: 

Mr.  Taft,  then  governor  of  the  Philippines,  was  a  witness  before  the  House  Com- 
mittee on  Insular  Affairs,  when  the  following  colloquy  occurred: 

Mr.  Williams  of  Illinois.  You  think  the  commission  should  have  power  to  lease 
lands  without  limit  as  to  quantity,  do  you?    That  is,  large  tracts? 

Gov.  Taft.  I  think  I  said  we  ought  to  have  the  power  to  lease  large  tracts,  but  I 
did  not  mean  that  to  be  without  limitation. 

Mr.  Williams  of  Illinois.  If  you  had  such  a  limitation,  what  would  you  suggest? 

Gov.  Taft.  With  reference  to  the  sugar  lands,  I  understand  in  Cuba  there  are  plan- 
tations of  20,000  acres.  The  limitation  inserted  in  this  bill  was  5,000  acres.  I  think 
that  is  too  small. 

Mr.  Williams  of  Illinois.  What  number  would  you  suggest? 

Gov.  Taft.  Twenty  thousand  acres  might  be  a  fair  limitation;  that  is,  for  sugar 
lands. 

Mr.  Williams  of  Illinois.  For  other  lands? 

Gov.  Taft.  I  think  5,000  acres  might  be  a  fair  limitation  for  tobacco  lands. 

Secretary  Taft,  in  special  report  to  President  Koosevelt,  January 
23,  1908,  said: 

Nor  would  I  regard  it  as  a  beneficial  result  for  the  Philippine  Islands  to  have  the 
fields  of  those  islands  turned  exclusively  to  the  growth  of  sugar.  The  social  conditions 
that  this  would  bring  about  would  not  promise  well  for  the  political  and  industrial 
development  of  the  people,  because  the  cane-sugar  industry  makes  a  society  in  which 
there  are  wealthy  landowners,  holding  very  large  estates  with  most  valuable  and 
expensive  plants  and  a  large  population  of  unskilled  labor,  with  no  small  farming  or 
middle  class  tending  to  build  up  a  conservative,  self-respecting  community  from  bot- 
tom to  top. 

Mr.  Taft  made  the  following  statement  before  the  House  Insular 
Affairs  Committee  on  February  26,  1902: 

There  is  no  desire  on  the  part  of  the  commission  to  have  that  kind  of  exploitation 
which  will  lead  to  the  ownership  of  principalities  in  the  island  by  a  corporation. 

I  also  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  he  recommended, 
m  this  special  report  of  1908,  enlarged  land  holdings. 


24  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

These  matters  are  of  importance,  in  my  judgment,  with  reference 
to  the  continued  recommendations  for  enlarged  land  holdings  over 
there,  and  the  continued  efforts  that  have  been  made  from  time  to 
time  in  Congress  to  have  the  limitations  enlarged — some  of  you  gen- 
tlemen are  much  more  familiar  with  these  matters  than  I — as  going 
to  show  that  it  was  not  in  the  mind  of  anyone — of  President  Taf t,  of 
the  War  Department,  or  of  Congress — that  there  were  already  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  large  quantities  of  land  upon  which  there  were  no 
limitations  whatever,  so  that  one  individual,  or  one  association  of 
persons  or  one  corporation  acting  through  an  agent  who  would  hold 
the  nominal  title,  might  acquire  an  unlimited  quantity — hundreds  of 
thousands  of  acres  of  land.  I  have  said  that  it  was  never  suggested 
to  Congress  that  these  limitations  did  not  apply.  It  was  not  known 
that  they  did  not  apply  until  the  opinion  of  Attorney  General  Wick- 
ersham  to  that  effect.  I  have  already  referred  to  the  policy  of  lim- 
ited land  holdings,  as  shown  by  legislation  in  Porto  Rico  and,  I  believe, 
Hawaii. 

The  intent  to  apjply  this  policy  in  the  Philippines  and  the  reasons 
therefor,  are  clearly  shown  in  the  following  extracts  from  Senate 
hearings  and  debates : 

General  Mac  Arthur,  before  the  Senate  Committee  on  the  Philippines,  said: 

"I  deprecate  the  idea  that  we  are  going  to  sell  public  lands  there  in  blocks  of  5,000 
acres  with  a  view  to  rapid  exploitation.  That  I  should  regard  as  disastrous  both 
to  American  and  Filipino  interests  absolutely.'' 

Mr.  Root,  then  Secretary  of  War,  was  a  witness  before  the  House  Committee  when 
the  following  dialogue  occurred : 

The  Chairman  (then  Mr.  Cooper  of  Wisconsin).  As  to  section  39,  which  relates 
to  the  granting  of  franchises,  ' '  Every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture 
shall  by  its  charter  be  restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  exceeding  1,000 
acres  of  land;"  it  is  1,000  acres  in  Hawaii,  I  think.  What  would  you  think  of  that 
limitation?  It  has  been  suggested  that  it  ought  to  be  5,000  acres,  in  view  of  the 
situation  in  the  Philippines. 

Secretary  Root.  My  impression  would  be  in  favor  of  giving  a  very  wide  scope  to 
the  Philippine  Government.  Although  I  am  not  much  of  a  believer  in  the  wisdom 
of  having  very  large  tracts  of  land  owned  by  any  one  concern,  I  think  that  you  can 
safely  put  discretion  in  the  Philippine  Government  on  that  subject. 

On  January  18,  1902,  Mr.  Root  appeared  before  the  Insular  Committee  and  gave 
testimony  in  relation  to  Philippine  matters.  Concerning  the  acquisition  and  method 
of  disposition  of  the  friar  lands,  Secretary  Root  said,  on  page  68: 

''The  political  situation  is  such  that,  at  what  we  may  find  to  be  a  fair  price,  it  is 
undoubtedly  wise  for  us  to  buy,  and  then  to  turn  around  and  vest  the  titles  to  these 
lands  in  the  tenants  at  a  reasonable  price  (giving  them  good  long  time,  of  course,  to 
pay,  so  that  instead  of  paying  rent  they  will  be  making  partial  payments  on  the  pur- 
chase), and  then  use  that  money  to  retire  the  obligations  given  to  raise  the  original 
purchase  price." 

On  February  7,  1902,  Governor  Taft  was  before  the  Philippine  Committee  of  the 
Senate,  pages  178-179  of  the  hearings: 

' '  The  Chairman.  In  this  connection,  as  we  have  got  onto  the  matter  of  what  is  neces- 
sary for  the  commissioners  to  do,  I  wish  to  ask  if  you  consider  it  very  important  for  the 
general  welfare  and  pacification  of  the  islands  that  we  should  buy  the  friars'  lands  or 
make  arrangements  to  give  them  back  to  the  actual  settlers  at  the  earliest  moment? 

''Governor  Taft.  Yes,  sir;  I  do.  I  do  not  think  there  is  an}^  one  thing  which  Con- 
gress has  been  invited  to  do  in  the  report  that  is  more  immediately  important  than 
that.  *  ^  *  Now,  I  think  it  may  be  said  generally,  as  we  said  m  our  first  report, 
that  the  title  of  the  friars  to  those  lands  is,  as  a  legal  proposition,  indisputable.  If  we 
can  buy  those  lands  and  make  them  Government  lands,  and  in  that  way  separate  in 
the  minds  of  the  tenants  the  relation  of  the  friar  to  the  land,  and  say  to  the  tenants, 
*  We  will  sell  you  these  lands  on  long  payments,  so  that  they  will  become  yours,'  I 
believe  we  can  satisfy  the  people  and  avoid  the  agrarian  question  which  will  arise 
when  our  Government  is  appealed  to  to  put  into  possession  of  those  lands  the  people 
who  own  them.'' 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  25 

On  February  28  Governor  Taft  was  before  the  Insular  Committee  of  the  House. 
From  page  223  of  these  hearings  we  read : 

"Mr.  Maddox.  If  I  understand  you,  from  what  I  have  heard  you  say  I  gather  that 
you  think  it  would  be  cheaper  for  the  United  States  to  undertake  to  buy  these  lands 
than  to  restore  them  to  their  owners? 

Governor  Taft.  I  do;  what  I  mean  is,  if  we  buy  the  lands  we  put  the  title  of  the 
Government  between  the  friars  and  the  subsequent  disposition  of  the  lands,  and  that 
then  the  Government  may,  by  liberal  terms  to  the  tenants,  enable  the  tenants,  by  pay- 
ments strung  over  a  long  number  of  years,  to  become  the  owners  of  the  land.  The 
payments  can  be  arranged  so  that  not  much  more  than  the  rent  would  nevertheless 
pay  for  the  land.  And  in  that  way  I  think  the  insular  government  could  probably  be 
made  whole  or  nearly  so.  I  think  the  plan  proposed  by  the  commission  as  adopted  in 
the  bill  introduced  by  Mr.  Cooper  contemplates  the  establishment  of  a  sinking  fund 
out  of  the  proceeds  of  the  sales  of  the  lands  to  the  tenants  to  meet  the  bonds." 

On  April  22,  Senator  Rawlins  said  in  part  (Congressional  Record,  p.  4527): 

"Mr.  President,  it  is  an  unusual  authority,  as  the  Senator  from  Massachusetts 
[Mr.  Hoar],  who  is  a  distinguished  lawyer,  will,  I  think,  at  once  recognize,  to  undertake 
to  appropriate  in  the  exercise  of  the  power  of  eminent  domain  the  lands  or  property 
belonging  to  on-e  corporation  in  order  to  transfer  the  same  lands  to  another  corporation. 
In  this  case  the  power  is  to  be  exercised  by  the  application  of  a  sort  of  religious  test. 
If  these  lands  are  held  by  a  corporation  composed  of  Catholics  of  a  certain  order,  they 
are  to  be  the  subject  of  condemnation,  to  be  turned  over  by  the  process  of  eminent 
domain  into  the  hands  of  another  corporation  composed  of  perhaps  Protestants,  or 
people  of  mixed  religion,  or  no  religion.  *  *  *  Mr.  President,  these  syndicates, 
organized  with  stockholders  in  New  York  and  Chicago  and  San  Francisco  or  Great 
Britain,  with  their  agents  in  the  islands  to  execute  their  policy  of  greed  (using  that 
word  in  no  offensive  senSe,  but  only  to  the  end  for  which  %he  corporation  itself  is 
organiiied),  the  land  being  thus  held  and  thus  managed,  how  are  you  ever  to  have  a  citi- 
zenship in  the  islands  upon  whom  could  safely  be  devolved  the  exercise  of  the  powers 
of  government?  How  do  you  ever  expect  by  such  a  policy  to  uplift  the  people  of  the 
islands  and  make  them  fit  for  self-government?  This  policy  does  not  tend  to  insure 
an  independent  and  self-reliant  and  intelligent  citizenship.  It  tends  to  degradation, 
to  turpitude,  and  slavery.  It  tends  to  unfit  the  people,  and  if  they  are  now  unfit  to  be 
trusted  with  the  employment  of  any  power  of  government,  they  will  be  doubly  unfit 
after  they  receive  a  schooling  under  the  training  and  despotism  of  alien  syndicates 
holding  possession  of  all  their  lands.  "^  *  *  So  that  the  practical  effect,  if  this 
policy  be  carried  out,  will  be  to  issue  bonds,  to  incur  this  indebtedness,  and  to  appro- 
priate, against  the  will  of  these  religious  orders,  in  the  exercise  of  the  power  of  eminent 
domain,  this  more  than  half  a  million  acres  of  land  and  immediately,  under  rules  to  be 
prescribed  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  dispose  of  it  in  tracts  ranging  from  5,000 
to  20,000  acres  to  syndicates  or  corporations  in  perpetuity." 

On  May  5  Senator  Lodge  said  (Congressional  Record,  p.  5031): 

"The  sections  in  regard  to  these  lands,  of  course,  in  the  nature  of  things,  give  a 
large  power  to  the  commission,  but  there  is  no  other  way  that  I  have  seen  suggested 
to  get  these  lands  out  of  the  hands  of  these  religious  corporations  and  back  into  the 
hands  of  the  people  who  cultivate  them. 

"We  have  also  clauses  in  the  bill  providing  for  franchises.  They  are  guarded  with 
the  utmost  care.  I  can  not  now  undertake  to  read,  and  I  shall  not  detain  the  Senate  by 
reading  those  franchise  clauses,  but  I  invite  Senators  to  examine  them  with  the  utmost 
care.^  They  are  guarded  in  every  possible  way  compatible  with  giving  any  reasonable 
opening  to  capital  to  enter  into  the  islands  with  the  hope  of  profitable  investment. 

"The  main  object  of  the  bill,  Mr.  President,  is,  in  a  word,  to  replace  military  by 
civil  government — ^to  advance  self-government;  and  yet  it  is  delayed  in  this  Chamber 
and  opposed  by  those  who  proclaim  themselves  the  especial  foes  of  military  rule. 

"The  second  object  of  the  bill  is  to  help  the  development  of  the  islands;  and  yet, 
as  the  committee  felt,  to  help  that  development  only  by  taking  the  utmost  pains 
that  thert  should  be  no  opportunity  given  for  undue  or  selfish  exploitation.  The 
opponents  of  this  legislation  have  dwelt  almost  continuously — when  they  have  spoken 
on  this  bill — on  the  point  that  it  is  intended  to  open  the  islands  to  exploiters,  to  syn- 
dicates, and  to  carpetbaggers.  ^  *  *  But  these  exploiters,  these  syndicates, 
these  carpetbaggers,  who  march  back  and  forth  through  the  speeches  of  Democratic 
Senators  like  the  sceneshifter's  army,  have  as  little  reality  as  the  air-drawn  dagger  of 
Macbeth.  It  is  continually  reiterated  the  bill  is  simply  for  purposes  of  exploitation; 
my  own  conclusion  is  that  they  are  to  be  brought  into  the  Philippines  by  this  bill; 
and  while  Senators  in  opposition  are  declaiming  against  this  bill  as  throwing  the  islands 
open  to  improper  exploitation  and  speculation  I  have  had  many  gentlemen  come  to 
me  who  desire  to  invest  money  in  the  Philippine  Islands  who  say  that  the  bill  is  so 

82278°— H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3 6 


26  ADMTNISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

drawn  that  it  is  impossible  for  capital  to  go  in  there  to  any  large  amount.  When  gen- 
tlemen who  desire  to  invest  take  that  view  and  the  Democratic  Party  takes  their 
view,  we  have  got  a  pretty  good  bill." 

May  9  Mr.  Teller  said  in  part  (Congressional  Record,  p.  5215): 

"I  want  some  one  to  tell  me  why  a  corporation  should  be  permitted  to  take  5,000 
acres  of  land  there?  If  one  corporation  may  take  5,000  acres,  10  corporations  may  each 
take  5,000  acres,  and  a  hundred  corporations  may  each  take  5,000  acres.  There  is  no 
limit  to  the  number  of  corporations  that  may  go  there;  and,  after  they  have  taken  the 
lands  and  got  their  title,  if  they  should  conclude  to  form  a  combination,  they  could  do 
that,  I  suppose,  although  there  is  a  provision  here  which  says: 

''  'And  this  provision  shall  be  held  to  prevent  any  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture 
from  being  in  any  wise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture.' 

''That,  I  suppose,  was  put  in  the  bill  as  a  sort  of  sop  to  the  people  who  might  be 
afraid  of  consolidation;  but  there  is  not  a  man  living  in  these  days  who  has  given  any 
attention  to  the  affairs  of  our  country  for  the  last  two  or  three  years  who  does  not  know 
that  it  will  amount  to  absolutely  nothing;  and  that  if  50  corporations  having  each 
5,000  acres  should  conclude  to  enter  into  a  combination,  they  could  do  it  in  spite  of  all 
the  Filipinos  and  all  the  United  States  besides.     *    *    * 

"Mr.  President,  that  is  all  I  am  going  to  say  about  this  bill,  and  I  expect,  under  the 
circumstances,  I  ought  to  apologize  for  having  said  so  much.  I  shall  say  more  about 
it  if,  after  the  attention  of  the  Senate  has  been  called  to  it,  somebody  does  not  propose 
to  make  some  suggestions  of  amendments  which,  I  think,  ought  to  come  from  the  other 
side  and  not  from  this  side." 

On  May  16,  Senator  Deboe  alluded  as  follows  to  the  disposition  of  these  lands  (Con- 
gressional Record,  p.  5543): 

"The  bill,  taking  it  as  a  whole,  seems  to  deal  fairly  and  justly  with  the  whole  Philip- 
pine question,  and  while  I  shall  not  attempt  to  discuss  it  in  detail,  not  having  had 
the  opportunity  of  hearing  the  evidence  produced,  I  do  approve  of  the  measure  as 
being  a  great  improvement  of  the  conditions  in  which  we  found  those  natives  of  the 
islands.  It  deals  with  the  mining  interest,  the  land  and  real  estate  questions,  and 
especially  the  lands  owned  or  claimed  by  certain  corporations  and  the  friars.  I  hope 
to  see  the  most  liberal  treatment  of  the  rights  of  the  inhabitants  as  to  public  lands.  It 
ought  to  be  arranged  so  as  to  open  up  the  lands  to  settlement  by  the  people  and  guard 
against  too  much  liberality  toward  corporations." 

On  May  23,  Senator  Dubois  contended  that  the  bill  was  intended  for  exploitation. 
He  said  (Congressional  Record,  p.  5862): 

"Under  the  bill  which  we  are  now  discussing,  not  only  are  these  enormous  tracts  of 
land  to  be  turned  over  to  syndicates  and  corporations,  but  all  kinds  of  franchises  are 
to  be  granted.     Capitalists  are  invited  there  with  the  offer  of  unusual  inducements." 

Mr.  Beveridge,  on  May  23,  said  (Congressional  Record,  p.  5866)- 

"It  is  very  late  and  there  have  been  many  interruptions,  so  I  shall  not  go  on  with 
much  I  had  noted  down  here;  but  I  wish  to  refer  to  just  one  thing  which  appears  to 
show  inconsistency  on  the  Senator's  part.  He  spoke  of  syndicates  taking  these  lands, 
and  yet  the  Senator  knows  that  in  this  bill  it  is  provided  that  no  corporation  shall  own 
more  than  5,000  acres  of  land,  and  that  it  is  within  the  power  of  the  commission  abso- 
lutely to  prevent  them  owning  more.  He  knows  that,  as  to  private  holdings,  there  is 
an  absolute  prohibition  in  the  bill  that  any  person  having  those  holdings  shall  sell  or 
lease  or  demise  them;  and  yet  the  Senator  says  that  this  whole  scheme  is  a  scheme  of 
exploitation  by  corporations  and  syndicates. 

"But  the  Senator  refuted  himself,  as  is  often  the  case  in  oversubtle  arguments, 
because  he  cited  as  an  illustration  the  protest  of  the  Philippine  Development  Co., 
was  it  not? 

"Mr.  Dubois.  Yes. 

"Mr.  Beveridge.  They  protest  against  what,  Mr.  President?  Is  it  the  protest  that 
they  are  not  going  to  get  more  land  of  which  the  Senator  complains?  No;  it  is  a  protest 
against  our  Government  taking  these  vast  quantities  of  land  from  this  corporation  to 
give  to  small  private  holders. 

"The  only  instance,  Mr.  President,  that  the  Senator  was  able  to  show  in  support  of 
this  alleged  danger  of  the  great  holdings  of  land  by  syndicates  was  an  illustration  of 
precisely  the  reverse,  and  that  is  that  one  great  syndicate  is  now  protesting  that  the 
Government  is  about  to  take  away  its  vast  holdings  and  distribute  them  amongst  small 
holders. 

On  May  27  Mr.  Patterson  said  in  part  (Congressional  Record,  p.  5966): 

"Without  going  into  many  details,  I  call  attention  to  the  provision  which  author- 
izes the  commission  to  dispose  of  the  public  lands  in  tracts  of  5,000  acres.  The  claim 
is  made  that  there  are  provisions  in  the  bill  which  prevent  corporations  from  securing 
more  than  5,000  acres.     I  maintain  that  the  provisions  in  the  bill  will  permit  one  indi- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  27 

vidua!  of  a  corporation  to  secure  title  to  hundreds  of  thousands  of  acres,  and  there  is 
nothing  in  the  bill  that  can  prevent  it.  Authority  is  given  to  the  commission  to  grant 
to  corporations  public  lands  in  quantities  of  5,000  acres.  A  corporation  may  consist 
of  but  three  members.  One  of  the  members  may  be  the  moneyed  man,  the  others 
mere  nonentities. 

"  It  will  require  three  to  create  a  corporation.  Those  three  can  organize  themselves 
into  as  many  corporations  as  they  see  fit.  Three  men  may  call  a  corporation  they  organ- 
ize by  one  name  and  file  articles  of  incorporation.  They  may  organize  another  corpo- 
ration under  another  name  and  file  other  articles  of  incorporation.  They  may  keep 
up  this  process  without  limit,  organizing  as  many  corporations  as  they  wish.  By 
adopting  such  a  course  each  body  corporate  is  a  separate  and  independent  corporation. 
The  man  with  the  money  may  be  the  principal  man  in  all  of  them;  and  since  5,000 
acres  may  be  bought  by  each  corporation, this  one  moneyed  man  may,  for  all  practical 
purposes,  become  the  owner  of  hundreds  of  thousands  of  acres.  One  man,  the  principal 
stockholder  in  20  such  corporations,  will  practically  become  the  owner  of  100,000 
acres  of  land  under  the  provisions  of  the  bill,  and  you  have  only  to  multiply  the  num- 
ber of  corporations  to  determine  the  number  of  acres  that  one,  two,  or  three  men  may 
become  the  owners  of  under  this  proposed  law. 

"How  is  it  proposed  to  check  this?  If  the  honorable  chairman  of  the  committee 
will  indicate  to  the  Senate  how  this  may  be  prevented  or  will  show  to  the  Senate  that 
my  claims  are  not  well  founded,  then  the  Senate  will  have  something  upon  which  to 
rest  when  it  comes  face  to  face  with  this  proposition.  "^  *  *  So  we  see  what  may 
be  done,  notwithstanding  the  provisions  in  the  section  77;  and  I  will  go  to  that  section 
and  read  it  from  the  printed  bill,  for  it  is  upon  that  section  the  majority  of  the  com- 
mittee profess  to  rely: 

'''That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying  and 
selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may  be 
reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be 
restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  5,000  acres  of  land;  and  this 
provision  shall  be  held  to  prevent  any  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  from  being 
m  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture.'  " 

I  want  also  to  put  into  the  record  the  letter  of  explanation  of  Mr. 
John  Henry  Hammond;  of  the  firm  of  Strong  &  Cadwallader,  as  to 
why  his  firm  withdrew,  or  claimed  to  withdraw,  at  a  certain  point, 
from  these  negotiations  as  the  representative  of  Havemeyer  and  others 
for  the  purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  the  reason  assigned  being  that 
discretionary  action  on  the  part  of  the  Government  was  involved. 

Reply  of  Mr.  Hammond  withdrawing  his  firm  and  reason  assigned: 

40  Wall  Street, 
New  Yorl,  October  23,  1909. 

My  Dear  Maj.  McIntyre:  I  beg  to  acknowledge  receipt  of  your  very  kind  letter 
of  yesterday  inclosing  copies  of  acts  Nos.  1847  and  1933  of  the  Philippine  Commission, 
relating  to  the  sale  of  the  friar  lands. 

After  careful  consideration  and  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  may  be  necessary  for  my 
former  clients  to  request  some  discretionary  action  on  the  part  of  the  Government 
officials,  I  decided  that  they  had  better  be  represented  by  other  counsel;  accordingly, 
the  firm  of  Cravath,  Henderson  &  de  Gersdorff  has  taken  up  the  matter.  I  have  sent 
your  letter  and  the  inclosures  to  Mr.  Leffingwell,  of  that  firm. 

Thanking  you  for  your  courtesy  in  the  matter,  I  remain,  sincerely,  yours, 

John  Henry  Hammond. 
Maj.  Frank  McIntyre, 

War  Department,  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs f  Washington,  D.  C. 

My  position  is  that  there  was  no  discretion  involved  whatever. 
Either  the  estates  were  subject  to  sale  or  they  were  not.  I  treat  the 
withdrawal  of  this  firm,  under  the  reason  assigned,  as  tantamount  to 
an  admission  in  their  judgment  that  these  limitations  did  apply,  and 
they  did  not  care  to  be  connected  with  a  transaction  in  which  it 
would  be  held  that  they  did  not  apply 

Mr.  Parsons.  Would  not  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  have  some- 
thing to  do  with  the  amount  paid  ?  Would  not  its  discretion  be  in- 
volved with  the  aniount? 


28  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  amount  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  amounts  for  which  the  lands  should  be  sold  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  the  terms. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  the  terms  of  sale. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  want  to  say  this  on  that  point:  It  is  a  matter  of  in- 
difference in  this  inquiry  for  what  the  lands  were  sold.  I  have  never 
charged  that  they  were  sold  for  less  than  they  cost,  or  for  less  than 
they  were  worth.  That  impression  has  crept  out.  It  w^as  due  to 
some  questions  that  were  asked  me  the  first  time  that  I  discussed 
this  matter,  and  I  stated  frankly  that  I  was  not  saying  this  land  was 
sold  for  less  than  it  cost.  I  said  I  did  not  know  what  they  were  paying 
for  it,  and  the  remark  speaks  for  itself. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Your  position  is  that  the  sale  was  illegal  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  My  position  is  that  the  sale  was  illegal,  even  if  they 
sold  it  for  three  times  as  much  as  it  was  worth. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Do  you  deny  that  your  remarks  in  the  colloquy 
on  the  floor  of  the  House  left  the  impression  that  they  were  sold  for 
one-third  of  what  they  cost  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  say  in  answer  to  the  question  of  the  gentle- 
man from  Ohio,  Mr.  Douglas,  that  it  never  left  any  such  impression 
in  my  mind;  that  I  never  thought  about  it  at  the  time  or  dreamed 
that  any  such  interpretation  would  be  put  on  it. 

Mr.  KucKER.  On  the  contrary,  as  I  remember,  Mr.  Martin  dis- 
tinctly disavowed  any  such  meaning  to  Mr.  Sabath,  who  was  the 
gentleman  who  made  the  suggestion. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The   record   speaks   for  itself. 

The  Chairman.  It  seems  to  me  that  is  a  little  aside  froni  what 
we  are  considering  here  this  morning. 

Mr.  Martin.  Coming  on  down.  The  Philippine  Legislature  has 
passed  two  little  amendatory  acts  amending  the  friar-land  act,  which 
they  passed  in  April,  1904,  for  the  disposition  of  these  lands,  after 
they  nad  been  acquired  by  contracts  in  December,  1903,  and  these 
two  amendatory  acts,  which  are  Nos.  1847  and  1933,  are  claimed 
by  the  officials  of  the  Philippine  government  to  have  amended  the 
friar-land  act  so  as  to  abolish  the  limitations  and  confer  upon  the 
government  the  power  to  dispose  of  them  in  any  quantities  or  in  any 
manner  that  it  saw  fit.  And  they  claim  that  these  acts  were  unani- 
mously passed  by  the  Philippine  Assembly,  showing  their  assent  to  the 
new  policy  with  reference  to  these  estates.  In  connection  with  that 
I  want  to  say,  first,  that  no  fair  interpretation  of  these  acts  will  per- 
mit of  any  such  construction  as  is  claimed  by  the  officials  of  the  Phil- 
ippine government;  that  the  acts  only  relate  to  procedure  and  other 
matters  to  be  followed  in  attempting  to  sell  in  small  parcels  to  tenants; 
and  that  the  unanimous  protest  of  the  Philippine  people,  without 
regard  to  party  or  any  other  consideration,  against  this  policy  in  the 
sale  of  these  estates  in  bulk  is  conclusive  that  there  was  no  such  intent 
in  the  mind  of  the  Philippine  Assembly  in  passing  these  acts. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  How  did  the  Philippine  people  manifest  their  pro- 
test, Mr.  Martin  ?  And  just  here,  I  assume  that  these  amendments 
to  which  you  have  referred,  as  well  as  various  other  matters  to  which 
you  have  referred,  you  will  print  or  have  printed  in  your  statement, 
so  that  we  can  get  them  without  the  necessity  of  searching  here  and 
there  for  them  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  I  will  do  that, 


ADMIKISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  29 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  whole  acts  will  go  in. 

The  Chairman.  I  think  they  are  all  before  the  committee  and  have 
been  here  for  a  long  time. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  Chapter  II  of  said  pnblic-land  act^  under  the 
heading  '^ Sales  of  portions  of  the  public  domain/^  it  is  provided  in 
section  10  that  any  citizen  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  of  the  United 
States  or  of  any  insular  possession  thereof,  or  any  corporation  or 
like  association  of  persons  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  or  any  State,  Territory,  or  insular  possession  thereof,  and 
authorized  to  transact  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  may  pur- 
chase any  tract  of  unoccupied,  unappropriated,  and  unreserved, 
nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  as 
defined  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  not  to  exceed  16  hectares 
for  an  individual,  or  1,024  hectares  for  a  corporation  or  like  associa- 
tion, etc. 

Section  9  of  the  friar-land  act  reads  as  follows: 

Sec.  9.  In  the  event  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  should  find  any  of  the 
said  lands  vacant,  he  is  directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may 
either  lease  such  unoccupied  lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years  or  offer  the 
same  for  sale,  as  in  his  judgment  may  seem  for  the  best  interests  of  the  Government, 
and  in  making  such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  chapter  two  of  the  public 
land  act. 

And  following  are  the  two  amendatory  acts  passed  by  the  Philippine 
Legislature : 

(No.  1847.] 

[AN  ACT  Amending  sections  nine  and  eleven  of  act  numbered  eleven  hundred  and  twenty,  entitled 
"The  Friar  Lands  Act,"  providing  for  the  manner  of  sale  of  unoccupied  lands  and  the  time  within 
which  deferred  i)ayments  by  purchasers  of  friar  lands  may  be  made,] 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Legislature,  that: 

Section  1.  Section  nine  of  act  numbered  eleven  hundred  and  twenty,  entitled 
"The  Friar  Lands  Act,"  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as  follows: 

**Sec.  9.  In  the  event  the  director  of  lands  should  fmd  any  of  the  said  lands  vacant, 
he  is  directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may  either  lease  such 
unoccupied  lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years  or  offer  the  same  for  sale,  as 
in  his  judgment  may  seem  for  the  best  interests  of  the  government,  and  in  making 
such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  section  eleven  of  this  act." 
Sec.  2.  Section  eleven  of  the  said  act  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as  follows: 
**Sec.  11.  Should  any  person  who  is  the  actual  and  bona  fide  settler  upon  and 
occupant  of  any  portion  of  said  lands  at  the  time  the  same  is  conveyed  to  the  govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands  desire  to  purchase  the  land  so  occupied  by  him,  he  shall 
be  entitled  to  do  so  at  the  actual  cost  thereof  to  the  government,  and  shall  be  allowed 
to  pay  for  same  in  equal  annual  or  semiannual  installments:  Provided,  however y 
That  payment  by  installments  shall  be  in  such  amounts  and  at  such  time  that  the 
entire  amount  of  the  purchase  price,  with  interest  accrued,  shall  be  paid  at  least  one 
year  before  the  maturity  of  what  are  known  as  the  "friar  lands  bonds,"  issued  under 
the  provisions  of  act  numbered  one  thousand  and  thirty-four,  that  is,  on  or  before 
February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  thirty-three.  The  terms  of  purchase  shall  be 
agreed  upon  between  the  purchaser  and  the  director  of  lands,  subject  to  the  approval 
of  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  and  all  deferred  payments  on  the  purchase  price  shall 
bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  per  annum. 

'"In  case  of  sale  of  vacant  lands  under  the  provisions  of  section  nine  of  this  act, 
the  director  of  lands  shall  notify  the  municipal  president  or  municipal  presidents  of 
the  municipality  or  municipalities  in  which  said  lands  lie  of  said  sale  before  the  same 
takes  place.  Upon  receipt  of  such  notification  by  said  municipal  president  or  munici- 
pal presidents  the  latter  shall  publish  the  same  for  three  consecutive  days,  by  bandillos, 
in  the  poblaci6n  and  barrio  or  barrios  affected,  and  shall  certify  all  these  acts  to  the 
director  of  lands,  who  shall  then,  and  not  before,  proceed  to  make  the  said  sale  with 
preference,  other  conditions  being  equal,  to  the  purchaser  who  has  been  a  tenant  or 
bona  fide  occupant  at  any  time  of  the  said  lands  or  part  thereof,  and  if  there  has  been 
more  than  one  occupant  to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant:  Provided,  however,  That  no 


30  ADMINISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPIKE  LANDS. 

sale  of  vacant  lands  made  in  accordance  with  this  section  sliall  be  valid  nor  of  any 
effect  without  the  requisite  as  to  publication  by  bandillos,  above  provided." 

Sec.  3.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  June  3,  1908. 

[No.  1933.] 

[AN  ACT  Adding  new  matter  to  section  seven  of  act  numbered  eleven  hundred  and  twenty  and  amend- 
ing sections  nine  and  eleven  of  said  act,  as  amended  by  act  numbered  eighteen  hundred  and  forty-seven, 
and  for  other  purposes.] 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Legislature,  that: 

Section  1.  The  following  is  hereby  added  to  the  end  of  section  seven  of  act  num- 
bered eleven  hundred  and  twenty: 

"Provided,  That  the  failure  on  the  part  of  the  occupants  to  state  their  desire  to  lease 
or  purchase  said  lands  shall  not  be  understood  to  mean  that  they  do  not  desire  to  acquire 
them.  In  case  of  such  failure  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  director  of  lands,  or  his  agents, 
to  enjoin  such  occupants  to  state  their  desire  in  writing  within  the  period  of  eight  days 
from  the  date  of  such  injunction,  and  their  failure  to  do  so  shall  be  understood  to  mean 
that  such  occupants  do  not  desire  either  to  lease  or  to  purchase  said  lands.  The  direc- 
tor of  lands  shall  neither  lease  nor  sell  the  said  lands  to  any  other  person  until  the  fore- 
goincr  requirements  shall  have  been  complied  with,  and  any  contracts  of  lease  or  of 
sale  hereafter  executed  without  them  shall  be  null  and  void." 

Sec.  2.  Section  nine  of  act  numbered  eleven  hundred  and  twenty,  as  amended  by 
act  numbered  eighteen  hundred  and  forty-seven,  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as 
follows: 

"Sec.  9.  In  the  event  the  director  of  lands  should  find  any  of  said  lands  vacant,  he 
is  directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  and  he  may  either  lease  such  unoc- 
pied  lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years,  or  sell  same,  as  may  be  solicited,  and 
m  making  such  leases  or  such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  section  eleven  of 
this  act." 

Sec.  3.  Paragraph  two  of  section  eleven  of  the  said  act,  as  amended  by  act  num- 
bered eighteen  hundred  and  forty-seven,  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as  follows: 

'*In  case  of  lease  of  vacant  lands,  as  well  as  in  case  of  sale  of  same  under  the  pro- 
visions of  section  nine  of  this  act,  the  director  of  lands  shall  notify  the  municipal 
president  or  municij)al  presidents  of  the  municipality  or  municipalities  in  which 
said  lands  lie  before  the  same  takes  place.  Upon  receipt  of  such  notification  by  said 
municipal  president  or  municipal  presidents  the  latter  shall  publish  the  same  for  three 
consecutive  days,  by  bandillos,  in  the  poblaci6n  and  barrio  or  barrios  affected,  and 
shall  certify  all  these  acts  to  the  director  of  lands,  who  shall  then,  and  not  before, 
proceed  to  execute  the  contract  or  lease  or  to  make  the  said  sale  with  preference,  other 
conditions  being  equal,  to  the  purchaser  who  has  been  a  tenant  or  bona  fide  occupant 
at  any  time  of  the  said  lands  or  part  thereof,  and  if  there  has  been  more  than  one  occu- 
pant to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant:  Provided,  however,  That  no  contract  for  the  lease 
of  and  no  sale  of  vacant  lands  made  in  accordance  with  this  section  shall  be  valid  nor 
of  any  effect  without  the  requisite  as  to  publication  by  bandillos  above  provided." 

Sec  4.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  May  20,  1909. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  this  connection,  I  will  invite  the  committee  to 
call  before  it  the  Philippine  commissioner,  Mr.  Manuel  L.  Quezon. 
I  think  he  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  at  that  time. 

Mr.  Douglas.  As  to  the  intent  of  the  language  used  in  acts  of 
the  legislature  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  As  to  the  intent  in  passing  these  acts. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Intent  as  expressed  in  any  other  way  than  in  the 
acts  themselves  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  say  this,  Mr.  Douglas,  there  is  no  express  repeal 
of  the  limitations;  there  is  no  reference  to  them,  directly  or  indi- 
rectly; only  a  change  of  procedure. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Does  this  not  repeal  the  section  that  contains 
the  limitation  and  say  that  from  now  on  these  lands  shall  be  con- 
trolled in  connection  with  the  public-land  act  that  contained  no 
limitation? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  not  purely  a  matter  of  construction  as  to  what 
that  language  means,  not  what  anybody  in  the  legislature  intended 
it  to  mean  ? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  31 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  say  this,  that  it  undoubtedly  is,  so  far  as  the 
Philippine  Government  is  concerned,  a  matter  of  construction,  but  I 
simply  point  to  the  fact  that  their  construction  is  totally  at  variance 
with  the  sentiments  and  ideas  of  the  Philippine  people.  I  do  not 
believe  you  can  get  a  member  of  the  Philippine  Legislature  or  their 
commissioner  here  in  Washington  to  say  that  there  was  any  such 
idea  in  the  mind  of  their  legislature. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Would  you  not  think  it  was  rather  an  extraordinary 
thing  to  subpoena  a  member  of  the  Colorado  Legislature  before  a 
committee  of  Congress  to  interpret  an  act  of  the  Colorado  Legislature  ? 
The  legislative  act  must  speak  for  itself;  and  whatever  it  meant, 
whether  it  was  wrongly  or  rightly  construed  by  the  Philippine  Gov- 
ernment, is  purely  a  question  of  law  about  which  you  can  take  one 
view  and  I  another  and  Mr.  Garrett  another.  But  it  would  be  a 
useless  expenditure  of  our  time  to  go  into  that. 

Mr.  Martin.  We  are  put  in  this  position,  then,  that  the  Philippine 
Legislature  unanimously  passed  laws  with  the  purpose  and  intent  of 
throwing  the  friar  estates  open  to  exploitation  and  sale  to  foreign 
interests. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Throwing  them  open  to  sale  to  get  rid  of  the  debt 
which  was  upon  the  Government. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  they  and  their  people  now  unanimously  repu- 
diate that  action. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  On  what  ground  ?  They  repudiate  that  action 
on  the  ground  that  American  capital  invested  there  postpones  the  day 
of  absolute  independence,  and  not  for  industrial  or  commercial  rea- 
sons. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  would  like  right  here  to  offer  the  letter  from  Mr. 
Commissioner  Quezon  on  that  point. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  read  Mr.  Quezon's  letter  last  night. 

Mr.  Martin.  His  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  I  would  like 
to  file  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  He  made  a  special  report  to  the  Secretary  of 
War,  and  he  said,  ^^We  have  no  objection  from  an  industrial  stand- 
point; it  is  purely  a  political  standpoint,  because  the  more  American 
capital  is  invested  in  the  Philippines,  the  longer  the  time  will  be  before 
we  get  independence. '^ 

Mr.  Martin.  In  view  of  the  statement  of  Mr.  Crumpacker  of  what 
the  letter  contains,  I  would  like  to  read  it. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  almost  time  for  us  to  go  to  the  House  now, 
and  I  would  like  to  call  your  attention  to  this  list  of  the  witnesses  you 
have  asked  us  to  subpoena.  You  give  us  here  the  names  of  Horace 
Havemeyer,  Charles  H.  Senff,  and  Charles  J.  Welch,  whom  you 
want  sut3poenaed,  but  you  do  not  give  their  addresses  or  residences. 
Do  you  know  where  they  live  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  suppose  Mr.  Havemeyer  and  Mr.  Senff  live  in 
New  York  City.  I  do  not  know  but  what  Mr.  Welch  lives  in  Phila- 
delphia.    But  I  am  not  certain  about  that. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  where  E.  L.  Poole  and  P.  A  Prentiss 
can  be  found  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  think  that  Mr.  Poole  is  in  Manila.  The  where- 
abouts of  Mr.  Prentiss  is  unknown  to  me. 

The  Chairman.  You  said  a  moment  ago  that  you  wanted  us  to 
subpoena  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  We  can  not  subpoena  a 
company.     We  can  subpoena  the  individual  officers. 


32  ADMIKISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  company  was  put  in  for  the  reason  that  their 
books,  papers,  and  accounts  were  sought. 

The  Chairman.  I  know,  but  we  have  to  subpoena  some  natural 
person. 

Mr.  Martin.  There  is  a  subpcEna  there  for  George  S.  Hobart.  He 
is  their  legal  agent,  but  I  do  not  know  what  other  authority  he  has. 
We  could,  perhaps,  subpoena  the  secretary  of  the  company,  whose 
name  I  have  not. 

The  Chairman.  Perhaps  we  can  get  those  addresses  from  some  of 
the  witnesses  whose  addresses  you  have. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  probably. 

The  Chairman.  Then  you  say  you  wish  that  subpoenaes  duces 
tecum  issue  for  said  persons.  That  follows  immediately  the  Mindora 
Development  Co.,  but  you  do  not  name  the  persons. 

Mp.  Martin.  I  refer  to  all  these  persons — every  person  who  comes 
before  this  committee  who  has  books  or  papers  or  vouchers  or  receipts 
or  other  documents. 

The  Chairman.  I  know,  but  you  do  not  want  all  these  people  to 
produce  the  records  of  the  Mindora  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No;  they  could  not  all  very  well  do  that. 

The  Chairman.  If  we  want  to  get  these  subpoenas  in  accordance 
with  your  thought  we  will  have  to  know  the  thought  and  facts.  In 
other  words,  do  you  w^ant  us  to  issue  to  J.  Montgomery  Strong  a 
subpoena  duces  tecum  to  produce  the  books  of  the  Mindora  Develop- 
ment Co.  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Most  certainly  not. 

The  Chairman.  Then  will  you  kindly  tell  us  which  witnesses  you 
want  subpoenaed  duces  tecum  to  produce  those  books  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  people  who  are  connected  with  the  company. 

The  Chairman.  We  do  not  know  who  they  are.  If  you  can  give 
us  their  names,  we  will  subpoena  them. 

Mr.  Martin.  All  the  names  I  have  in  my  possession  are  given  there. 
One  of  them  is  Hobart,  the  agent  of  the  company,  upon  whom  process 
may  be  served  in  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 

The  Chairman.  We  will  subpoena  him,  then. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  the  others  are  the  three  incorporators  of  the 
company,  and  their  managing  agent  is  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole. 

The  Chairman.  You  ask  us  to  subpoena  the  San  Francisco  Agricul- 
tural Co.,  of  California.  Of  course,  we  can  not  subpoena  that  com- 
pany.    You  name  here  Charles  McMullen. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  secretaries'  names  are  all  given  there,  but  I  have 
not  their  addresses. 

Mr.  Page.  Can  you  get  them,  Mr.  Martin? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do  not  believe  that  I  can,  Mr.  Page.  The  names 
of  those  companies  are  given  in  the  reports  that  have  been  made  by 
the  Secretary  of  War.  The  three  companies  have  the  same  agent. 
Each  company  got  nearly  the  maximum  amount  of  public  land 
allotted  by  law,  and  their  lands  are  contiguous,  as  well  as  contiguous 
to  the  San  Jose  estate. 

The  Chairman.  Who  is  the  agent? 

Mr.  Martin.  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  is  the  agent.  He  is  the  manager  of 
those  companies  and  of  the  Mindora  Co.,  according  to  the  reports. 

(Thereupon,  at  12  o'clock  noon,  after  discussion,  the  committee 
adjourned  until  Tuesday,  December  13,  1910,  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.) 


SALE  OF  FRIAR  LANDS  IN  THE  PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS. 


House  of  Representatives, 

CoMMiTiis  ON  Insular  Affairs, 

Tuesday^  December  13^  1910. 

The  committee  met  at  10.30  o'clock  a.  m.,  Hon.  Marlin  E.  Olmsted 
( chairman )  presiding. 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman) ,  Crmnpacker,  Hamilton,  Hubbard  of  Iowa,  Gra- 
ham of  Pennslyvania,  Parsons,  Davis,  Madison,  Fowler,  Douglas, 
Page,  Garrett,  Denver,  Fornes,  and  Rucker  of  Colorado. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Martin,  have  you  something  further? 

Mr.  Martin  of  Colorado.  Mr.  Chairman  and  gentlemen  of  the 
committee,  in  resj)onse  to  the  question  of  the  chairman,  I  will  say 
that  I  have  considerable  further  matter  to  continue  in  the  presenta- 
tion of  this  morning. 

The  Chairman.  You  will  bear  in  mind  that  what  is  called  for  is  a 
statement  of  the  facts  in  your  possession. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  and  I  am  endeavoring  to  present  that  state- 
ment, which  consists  in  large  part  of  record  matter  that  I  shall  intro- 
duce as  I  proceed  and  refer  to. 

The  Chairman.  We  do  not  care  to  hear  an  argument  of  the  case 
at  this  time.  That  will  come  after  we  get  the  facts  before  the  com- 
mittee. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do  not  intend  to  argue,  Mr.  Chairman,  but  it  ap- 
pears to  me  that  if  I  introduce  a  document  or  a  matter  of  record  that 
contains  any  feature  to  which  I  think  I  ought  to  call  your  attention 
I  ought  to  be  permitted  to  do  that. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  what  we  wish. 

Mr.  Martin.  Not  to  enter  into  argument  on  it,  but  to  call  attention 
to  the  specific  features;  otherwise,  I  might  just  as  well  hand  these 
documents  in  to  the  clerk  and  let  him  print  them  and  not  take  up 
the  time  of  the  committee  in  making  any  statement  at  all. 

The  Chairman.  Would  not  that  be  just  as  well? 

Mr.  Martin.  And  let  the  other  gentlemen  hand  in  what  they  have 
in  the  same  way. 

The  Chairman.  You  are  not  a  witness  on  the  stand,  and  we  will 
ask  you  to  submit  to  us  such  facts  as  you  have  in  your  possession 
and  name  such  witnesses  as  you  think  ought  to  be  called, 

Mr.  Martin.  Let  me  make  myself  clear  by  an  illustration. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Has  your  statement  at  the  last  meeting  been 
printed  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  It  has  been  printed,  but  the  printed  document  is  not 
here  yet.    It  has  not  come  over  from  the  Printing  Office  yet. 

For  instance,  among  the  documents  introduced  at  the  last  hearing 
were  certain  sections  from  the  Philippines  land  act. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Pardon  me  just  a  moment 

Mr.  Martin  (interposing).  Just  a  moment,  please. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Pardon  me,  but  I  do  not  understand  that  you  intro- 
duced any  document  at  the  last  meeting,  or  that  you  were  asked  to  do 

33 


34  ADMTNTSTRATrOH   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

SO.  If  you  would  indicate  to  the  committee,  as  anyone  does,  as  to 
what  documents  you  want,  and  call  the  attention  of  the  committee  to 
them,  we  would  examine  them,  and  when  the  time  comes  for  argu- 
ment upon  them  you  would  be  heard ;  but  I  understood  the  matters  you 
were  asked  to  present  were  merely  in  the  form  of  a  brief  statement  of 
facts,  with  the  witnesses  by  whom  you  expect  to  prove  the  facts,  per- 
mitting the  committee  to  proceed  with  the  hearing  in  their  own  way. 
I  do  not  understand  you  introduced  any  documents. 

Mr.  Martin.  My  understanding  was  that  the  securing  of  the  vari- 
ous documents  and  parts  of  records  to  which  I  referred  was  left  to 
me,  and  I  want  to  say  to  the  gentleman  from  Ohio  that,  with  the 
limited  time  at  my  command  and  to  the  best  of  my  ability,  I  not 
only  submitted  those  documents  and  had  them  printed  in  the  proper 
places  referred  to,  but  I  have  continued  that  policy  and  have  prac- 
tically everything  present  before  .me  this  morning  that  I  consider 
essential  to  a  presentation  of  the  main  case. 

To  continue  the  statement  I  started  on,  I  had  introduced  a  copy 
of  the  section  of  the  Philippines  public-land  act,  in  chapter  2,  apply- 
ing the  limitations  of  the  organic  law  to  the  public  lands,  the  section 
of  the  friar-land  act  applying  the  limitations  in  that  chapter  to  the 
friar  lands,  and  the  two  acts  passed  by  the  Philippine  Assembly 
which  are  alleged  to  have  amended  the  friar-land  act  so  as  to  abolish 
the  limitations. 

I  thought  it  would  be  proper,  for  instance,  for  me — and  I  can  pro-- 
ceed  rapidly  and  not  take  up  a  great  deal  of  time  if  I  am  not  unduly 
interrupted — to  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  Attorney  General 
of  the  United  States,  in  the  rendition  of  his  opinion,  did  not  refer  to 
these  amendatory  acts. 

The  Chairman.  Just  a  moment.  We  are  not  here  this  morning 
to  hear  argument  on  the  Philippine  land  laws  nor  the  opinion  of  the 
Attorney  General.  Those  are  questions  which  will  come  up  later. 
In  the  first  place,  the  committee  wants  to  get  the  facts.  The  appli- 
cation of  the  law  to  them  will  be  a  matter  for  later  consideration. 
We  understand  your  proposition  very  clearly  on  that — that  the  Phil- 
ippine Government  act  does  not  permit  the  sale  of  friar  lands  in 
excess  of  16  hectares  to  an  individual  or  1,024  hectares  to  a  corpora- 
tion. That  we  understand,  and  there  is  a  difference  of  opinion  on 
that.  We  do  not  want  to  hear  arguments  on  that  this  morning.  We 
want  to  get  at  the  facts.  / 

Mr.  Martin.  But  if  those  gentlemen  or  officials  who  appear  here/ 
or  are  to  appear  upon  the  other  side  of  this  question  are  to  be  intel-/ 
ligently  examined,  I  do  not  understand  how  the  committee  can  do 
that  unless  they  first  understand  the  position  of  the  person  who 
makes  the  charge  that  the  sales  were  unlawful.  In  other  words,  if  J. 
just  merely  hand  this  stuff  into  the  record  now,  it  is  up  to  the  mem- 
bers of  the  committee  whether  they  want  to  read  it  or  not,  and  I 
do  not  see  what  you  can  do  with  these  other  gentlemen  but  to  have 
them  just  hand  their  stuff  in  and  let  the  hearing  as  to  the  evidence 
terminate  right  there. 

The  Chairman.  You  are  not  a  witness,  Mr.  Martin,  at  this  timJB. 
You  may  be  later,  if  you  desire  to  be  or  if  the  committee  desires  it. 
At  present  we  have  only  asked  you  to  submit  such  facts  as  are  m 
your  possession,  not  to  argue  as  to  the  law.  [ 


ADMIKISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPTI^E  LAKDS.  35 

Mr.  Martin.  Just  before  the  adjournment  at  the  last  session.  Mr. 
Hamilton,  the  gentleman  from  Michigan,  asked  me  in  what  manner 
the  Philippine  people  had  expressed  opposition  to  this  policy. 

The  Chairman.  We  do  not  care  about  that. 

Mr.  Martin.  For  the  sale  of  friar  lands 

The  Chairman.  I  do  not  think  we  want  to  go  into  that. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  absolutely  immaterial  to  this  hearing. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  shall  make  my  offers,  and  I  leave  it  to  this  com- 
mittee to  rule  as  they  deem  wise. 

In  answer  to  Mr.  Hamilton's  question  I  tender  certain  instru- 
ments  

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  think  I  asked  how  far  a  certain  sentiment  had 
expressed  itself  in  the  law. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  was  the  substance  of  it.  In  answer  to  that 
question  and  as  disclosing  the  attitude  of  the  Philippine  people  in 
this  matter,  I  offer  a  letter  from  the  Hon.  Manuel  L.  Quezon,  Eesi- 
dent  Commissioner  for  the  Philippine  Islands,  to  the  Secretary  of 
War,  Manila,  dated  Manila,  September  1,  1910.  I  offer  also  the  joint 
memorial  of  the  official  leaders  of  the  two  political  parties  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  signed  September  1,  1910. 

I  offer  an  editorial  published  in  the  Vanguard,  Manila,  under  date 
of  February  25,  1910,  entitled  "  New  invasion  of  the  Philippines," 
which  was  prior  to  the  origin  of  this  controversy;  also  an  editorial 
from  El  Tiempo,  published  in  Iloilo,  Panay,  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  want  to  interpose  an  objection  to  these  records 
on  the  ground  that  they  can  have  no  possible  bearing  upon  the  ques- 
tions under  consideration.  It  occurs  to  me  that  you  can  not  over- 
throw a  law  by  newspaper  editorials  nor  by  memorials  of  popular 
gatherings  or  by  expressions  of  opinion  on  the  part  of  citizens.  It 
seems  to  me  the  only  bearing  that  can  have  is  on  the  authority  of 
the  Government  to  make  these  sales.  It  is  a  question  of  law,  in  the 
first  place,  and  a  mere  expression  of  popular  sentiment  or  opinion 
one  way  or  the  other,  and  it  seems  to  me  is  altogether  collateral.  It 
encumbers  the  record  and  confuses  the  issues,  and  I  do  not  think  it 
ought  to  come  in  here  at  all. 

Mr.  Martin.  Before  the  ruling  is  made,  however,  I  would  like  to 
have  the  privilege  of  completing  the  tender. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  thought  you  were  through.     • 

Mr.  Martin.  I  tender  now  resolutions  of  protest  unanimously 
adopted  by  the  municipal  presidents  of  all  the  municipalities  in  the 
Province  of  Cavite,  and  dated  on  the  23d  day  of  July,  1910. 

I  also  tender  resolutions  adopted  on  May  30,  1910,  by  the  mu- 
nicipal house  or  council  of  Dumanhug,  Island  of  Cebu;  also  resolu- 
tions adopted  at  a  mass  meeting  of  the  people  of  Tuburan  Province, 
Island  of  Cebu,  on  July  18,  1910;  also  resolutions  adopted  at  a  mass 
convention  of  the  people  of  the  municipality  of  Sagay,  Negros  Occi- 
dental, on  June  18,  1910;  also  resolutions  of  the  municipal  govern- 
ment of  Sagay,  Negros  Occidental,  July  5,  1910;  also  resolution  of 
the  provincial  government  of  Ambos  Camarines,  Nueva  Caceres. 

Now,  Mr.  Chairman,  that  question  to  which  I  have  referred  as 

indicating  the  attitude  of  the  Philippine 

^^  The  Chairman  (interposing).  The  question  of  Mr.  Hamilton  was, 

Has  this  policy  ever  taken  the  form  of  law  ?  " 

Mr.  Martin.  Where  is  that? 


36  ADMTNISTBATION   OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  Page  18,  about  the  middle  of  the  page. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  is  referring  to  the  question  on  page  28,  I  think : 
"  How  did  the  Philippine  people  manifest  their  protest  ?  " 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes ;  "  How  did  the  Philippine  people  manifest  their 
protest?  " 

In  answer  to  that  question,  and  as  indicating  the  attitude  of  the 
Philippine  people,  I  have  tendered  the  documents  enumerated  to  be 
inserted  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  tender  a  formal  objection  now.  I  suppose  that 
matter  can  be  determined  by  the  committee  when  we  come  to  it 
later  on,  but  I  offer  a  formal  objection  to  their  going  into  the  record, 
because  they  have  absolutely  no  bearing  upon  any  question  of  fact 
involved  in  this  investigation.  Whether  the  people  protested  or  did 
not  protest,  so  far  as  this  investigation  goes,  is  a  matter  of  immate- 
riality altogether. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Martin,  the  papers  you  mention  you  have 
there,  have  you? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Leave  them  with  the  clerk  of  the  committee,  and 
the  committee  will  at  the  proper  time  in  executive  session  determine 
whether  o't  not  they  will  put  them  in  the  record  or  what  considera- 
tion will  be  given  to  them. 

Mr.  Madison.  This  is  not  the  place  to  offer  proof.  This  is  merely 
a  statement  of  fact  we  want,  and  unquestionably  these  could  not  go 
into  the  record  as  proof  in  the  statement  of  facts.  That  is  an  un- 
heard-of proposition.  If  hiter  this  material  appears  pertinent  to 
some  issue,  then  we  ought  to  consider  it,  but  certainly  we  can  not 
now  permit  it  to  go  into  the  record  in  the  midst  of  a  statement  of 
facts,  not  even  in  reply  to  an  inquiry  by  a  member  of  the  committee. 
The  gentlemen  should  state  that  the  facts  were  so  and  so,  but  not 
offer  any  documentary  proof  at  this  time. 

The  Chairman.  The  suggestion  of  the  Chair  was  that  we  take  the 
papers  and  consider  afterwards  whether  we  put  them  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Madison.  If  they  become  material  or  pertinent  to  some  issue, 
they  can  be  admitted  later. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  have  already  put  in  all  the  documents  alluded  to  at 
the  other  meeting,  and  have  put  them  in  at  the  places  at  which  I 
referred  to  them. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  might  be  so,  but  at  the  same  time  that  would 
not  make  it  right.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  what  we  want  now  is  a 
statement  of  facts,  not  the  proof  in  support  of  any  issue. 

Mr.  Martin  is  a  good  lawyer,  and  he  understands  that,  but  this  is 
not  the  place  for  the  purpose  of  offering  the  proof, 

Mr.  Martin.  I  have  prepared  this  matter 

Mr.  Madison  (interposing).  Go  ahead  and  state  your  facts. 

Mr.  Martin  (continuing).  Along  that  line,  however,  of  furnish- 
ing these  records  and  documents  wherever  they  are  referred  to,  just 
as  I  did  at  the  first  hearing.    I  think  that  would  simplify  the  thing. 

The  Chairman.  The  committee  has  passed  upon  this  matter,  and, 
of  course,  the  committee  will  have  to  have  some  voice  in  the  inves- 
tigation. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir.  I  can  proceed  with  the  statement  and  see 
what  documents  I  propose  to  refer  to. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  37 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  right;  just  what  you  claim  the  facts  are. 
and  what,  if  the  committee .  investigates  the  matter,  the  facts  will 
develop  to  be,  and  you  can  set  out  the  documents  that  you  think  will 
prove  your  statements,  and  then  we  can  go  through  them,  or  you  can 
produce  them  for  us.  My  suggestion  is  merely  that  they  be  not 
offered  now  as  a  part  of  the  proof,  because  this  is  not  the  place  for 
proof. 

Mr,  Martin.  At  the  hearing  the  other  day  I  inserted  in  the  record 
and  referred  to,  and  have  now  in  the  record,  certain  matters  estab- 
lishing what  I  call  the  colonial  land  policy  of  the  United  States.  In 
addition  to  what  was  then  offered,  and  is  now  a  part  of  the  printed 
hearings,  I  refer  the  committee  to  Senate  bill  7401,  and  particu- 
larly to  sections  13,  14,  and  15  of  that  bill,  sent  by  the  Secretary  of 
War  to  Senator  Lodge,  and  introduced  in  the  Senate  on  March  25, 
1910;  to  the  letter  accompanying  said  bill  from  the  Secretary  of 
War,  dated  March  22,  1910,  now  House  Document  No.  454:  to  the  re- 
port of  the  Senate  Committee  on  the  Philippines  on  March  29,  1910, 
docket  No.  458;  to  the  action  of  the  committee  on  said  report;  to 
Senate  bill  7401  as  it  passed  the  Senate  on  June  2  or  3,  1910,  and 
came  to  the  House  of  Kepresentatives  and  to  this  Committee  on 
Insular  Affairs  on  June  3  or  4,  1910. 

The  committee  does  not  care  to  hear  anything  about  what  that 
bill  contains  or  the  letter 

Mr.  Douglas  (interposing).  We  can  read  it  ourselves  about  as  well 
as  anybody  else  can.  It  seems  to  me  it  is  not  very  essential  for  you 
to  state  what  it  contains. 

The  Chairman.  We  have  already  read  it,  considered,  and  reported 
it  to  the  house.  You  can  put  it  in  in  connection  with  this  hearing 
if  you  wish. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  next  want  to  call  the  committee's  attention  to  the 
time  and  circumstances  under  wliich  the  first  sale  of  the  friar  lands 
in  bulk  was  made;  to  the  fact  that  negotiations  for  the  purchase  of 
this  estate 

Mr.  RucKER  of  Colorado.  Which  estate? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  San  Jose  estate,  in  the  Island  of  Mindoro,  con- 
sisting of  55,000  acres. 

Negotations  began  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  for  the  pur- 
chase of  this  estate  on  September  3,  1909,  which  was  just  four  weeks 
after  the  passage  and  signing  of  the  Philippine  tariff  act  providing 
for  free  trade  between  the  United  States  and  the  Philippine  Islands 
in  sugar  to  the  extent  of  300,000  tons  per  annum,  and  cigars  to  the 
extent  of  150,00,000  cigars  per  annum,  this  bill  having  become  a  law 
on  the  5th  of  August,  1909 ;  this  estate  having  then  been  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  Philippine  government,  as  w^ell  as  all  of  these  other 
friar  estates,  which  are  23  in  number,  for  a  period  of  5|  years. 

I  next  wish  to  refer  to  the  purchasers,  and  call  the  attention  of 
the  committee  to  the  purchasers  of  this  estate,  and  the  various  repre- 
sentations made  to  Congress  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  as  to 
who  those  purchasers  were,  and  the  manner  in  which  it  was  finally 
elicited  who  they  were. 

Gen.  Edwards,  in  his  letter  to  the  chairman  of  this  committee, 
dated  January  28,  1910,  stated  that  his  first  knowledge  of  this  sale 
was  through  cablegrams  or  public  press  dispatches.     One  of  these 


38  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

dispatches  appeared  in  a  Chicago  paper  of  December  7,  stating  that 
the  sale  had  been  made  to  E.  L.  Poole^  as  agent  of  the  Havemeyers. 
The  other,  I  believe,  appeared  in  the  Washington  Star  on  the  even- 
ing of  November  22,  stating  the  sale  had  been  made  to  the  Sugar 
Trust. 

Gen.  Edwards,  in  this  letter  of  January  28  to  Mr.  Olmsted,  this 
letter  appearing  at  page  3888  of  the  Congressional  Record  of  March 
28,  I  think — however,  I  can  verify  that. 

Mr.  Page.  1910? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes.  This  letter  makes  the  statement  that  the  sale 
of  this  estate  was  to  an  individual. 

Gen.  Edwards'  letter  of  March  24,  1910,  to  Mr.  Olmsted  appears 
in  the  same  record  at  the  same  page,  and  makes  the  statement  that 
this  sale  was  to  an  individual. 

Gov.  Forbes  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  in  his  report  to  the  Sec- 
retary of  War,  August  13,  1910,  makes  the  statement  or  refers  to  this 
sale  repeatedly  as  having  been  made  to  an  individual. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior  Worcester,  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
in  his  report  to  the  governor  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  at  page 
53 — this  report  is  before  you  in  the  form  of  a  sort  of  joint  report 
entitled  "  The  Friar  Land  Inquiry,  Philippine  Government " — makes 
the  statement  or  refers  to  that  sale  as  having  been  made  to  an  indi- 
vidual; also  makes  the  statement,  on  page  58,  that  if  the  sale  had 
been  mades  to  a  corporation  it  would  be  subject  to  the  severest 
criticism. 

Before  passing  to  the  statements  as  to  what  the  evidence  will  show 
as  to  the  real  parties,  I  wish  to  call  the  attention  of  the  committee  to 
the  law,  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  which  jforbids 
the  sale  to  not  only  individuals  and  corporations  but  to  associations 
of  persons. 

The  evidence  will  next  show,  and  it  was  brought  before  this  com- 
mittee by  questions  asked  by  the 

^  Mr.  Douglas  (interposing).  The  language  of  the  law  is  "corpora- 
tions or  associations.''  There  is  no  such  language  in  the  law,  as  I 
recall  it,  as  "  associations  of  persons."  I  may  be  mistaken,  but  I  am 
positive  it  is  "corporations  or  associations"  as  distinguished  from 
mdividuals,  regardless  of  whom  they  represent.  That  is  purely  a 
question  of  law.  I  do  not  see  why  the  committee  should  take  up  its 
time  with  that. 

The  Chairman.  "Any  corporation  or  association  of  persons,"  it 
says. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  took  j)articular  pains  to  note  that  language,  but  I 
want  to  refer  to  it  in  view  of  the  statement  of  the  gentleman  from 
Ohio. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Are  you  satisfied  that  the  organic  laws  include  the 
friar  lands? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  I  am.  I  am  perfectly  satisfied  that  the  limi- 
tations upon  sale  in  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands  are 
applicable  to  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  suppose  you  will  admit  that,  if  it  does  not  as  a  mat- 
ter of  law  apply  to  the  friar  lands  your  whole  contention  falls  to 
the  ground? 

Mr.  FoRNES.  That  is  a  question  I  had  in  mind, 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  39 

Mr.  Martin.  I  am  not  going  to  make  any  such  admission,  and  I 
think  that  I  will  be  amply  able  to  show  that  if  it  does  not  specifically 
apply,  which  I  claim  that  it  does,  that  these  sales  would  nevertheless 
be  known  to  be  at  variance  with  the  policy  of  this  Government,  and 
therefore  as  properly  subject  to  rescission  as  though  the  letter  of  the 
law  applied. 

Mr.  Fornes.  Would  not  that  question  properly  belong  for  decision 
to  the  Attorney  General? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  say,  in  answer  to  the  question  of  the  gentleman, 
that  I  am  going  to  leave  that  matter  for  this  committee  to  decide.  I 
am  going  to  make  the  best  showing  I  can  along  the  lines  I  have  indi- 
cated, and  then  the  committee  shall  say  what  it  will  decide  and  what 
it  will  leave  for  somebody  else  to  decide. 

I  was  about  to  say  that  the  evidence  will  show,  as  brought  out  by 
the  questions  of  the  gentleman  from  Tennessee,  Mr.  Garrett,  to  the 
officers  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  Gen.  Edwards,  and  Maj. 
(now  Col.)  Mclntyre,  that  instead  of  this  sale  having  been  made  to 
an  individual,  it  was  made  to  three  persons — Horace  Haveme3^er, 
who,  I  believe  then  was  a  director  and  stockholder  of  the  Sugar 
Trust,  against  whom  the  Government  of  the  United  States  and  the 
Department  of  Justice  were  seeking  criminal  indictment  for  the 
customs-house  frauds  perpetrated  by  that  company  in  New  York; 
Mr.  Charles  H.  Senff,  who  was  former  vice  president  of  the  American 
Sugar  Refining  Co..  known  as  the  Sugar  Trust,  and  for  a  great  many 
years  its  vice  president,  and  a  lifelong  associate  of  the  elder  Have- 
meyer. 

Mr  Eucker  of  Colorado.  What  is  his  name? 

Mr.  Martin.  Charles  H.  Senff,  also  Charles  J.  Welch,  who  is  or 
has  been  an  associate  of  the  Ilavemeyers  in  the  sugar  business. 

I  will  show  further  on  that  point  that  this  sale  was  commonly 
referred  to  as  the  Poole  syndicate ;  that  it  was  known  that  Mr.  Poole 
was  nothing  but  an  agent,  only  the  nominal  holder  of  the  title  to 
this  property,  and  all  of  the  purchase  price  of  it  was  supplied  by 
the  three  men  whom  I  have  named,  so  far  as  the  evidence  now  dis- 
closes, which  fact  was  known,  as  the  evidence  will  show,  to  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  and,  I  think,  to  all  parties  concerned. 

Mr.  RucKER  of  Colorado.  The  secretary  of  the  interior,  Mr. 
Worcester,  included? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  would  not  say  Mr.  Worcester  knew  the  names  of 
these  individuals.  I  will  say  this,  though,  that  the  evidence  will 
show  that  these  gentlemen  over  there  had  reason  to  know  that  Prentiss 
aud  Poole,  who  went  over  there  to  buy  this  estate,  were  acting  in  the 
capacity  of  agents. 

That  they  had  in  that  department  a  letter  of  introduction  from  a 
lawyer  in  New  Jersey,  whose  name  I  have  furnished  to  be  subpoenaed 
as  a  witness — a  letter  of  introduction,  from  which  letter  it  appears 
that  this  lawyer,  J.  Montgomery  Strong,  had  already  been  to  the 
Philippines  on  this  same  mission  and  had  returned  to  the  United 
States,  and  gave  this  letter  of  introduction  to  some  official  of  the 
Philippine  government,  notifying  them  that  these  gentlemen  repre- 
sented the  same  interests  that  he  did. 

The  agreement  entered  into  will  show  that  the  sale  of  this  estate 
was  to  be  made  to  Mr.  Poole  or  his  nominees.  I  have  called  attention 
to  that  fact,  and  do  now,  as  having  put  the  Philippine  government 


40  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

and  all  parties  officially  concerned  on  their  notice  that  this  was  a 
sale  to  more  than  an  individual,  and  that  Poole  was  only  an  agent 
for  some  undisclosed  principals. 

Mr.  Madison.  Without  asking  for  any  discussion  on  the  matter  at 
all,  right  at  this  point  I  would  like  to  ask  you  what  your  construction 
is  on  the  term  "  association  of  persons?  " 

Mr.  Martin.  It  does  not  mean  an  incorporated  body. 

Mr.  Madison.  May  I  ask  right  there,  would  it  include  a  partner- 
ship? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  think  the  only  answer  I  will  make  at  this  time  is 
that  it  would  include  an  unincorporated  association  of  individuals. 

Mr.  Madison.  Would  it  include 

Mr.  Martin  (interposing).  As  a  matter  of  fact 


Mr.  Madison  (interposing).  Just  a  moment.  I  am  merely  asking 
for  the  purpose  of  getting  your  position.  Would  it  include  a  number 
of  persons  who  bought  the  piece  of  land  together  and  who  became, 
after  the  purchase,  tenants  in  common? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  it  would  include  such  an 
association,  but  I  will  say  this,  that  if  the  law  contemplated  anything 
like  a  legal  organization  of  a  corporate  nature,  it  should  have  left  out 
the  words  "  of  persons."  If  the  law  just  read  "  corporations  or  asso- 
ciations," then  I  think  it  would  be  quite  fair  to  assume  that  those  two 
terms  were  used  interchangeably;  but  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the 
language  of  the  statute  is  "  association  of  persons,"  then  I  think  it  is 
intended  to  embrace  any  sort  of  syndicate  or  combination  of  people 
who  would  go  together  to  procure  these  lands. 

The  Chairman.  Let  me  interrupt  and  ask  a  further  question. 
Section  75  provides  that  no  corporation  can  own  any  of  the  lands — 
that  is,  that  no  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  may 
own  or  control  more  than  1,024  hectares.  I  merely  wish  to  ask 
whether  you  claim  any  of  these  friar  lands  were  sold  to  corporations? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  pass  right  on  to  that. 

Passing  on  from  the  showing  as  to  who  really  got  this  land,  in  con- 
nection w^ith  the  representations  which  were  repeatedly  made  prior 
to  this  disclosure  in  that  connection 

Mr.  Madison  (interposing).  May  I  ask  one  question  along  the  line 
I  was  asking?  I  do  not  want  to  interrupt  unduly,  but  I  want  to  get 
a  clear  idea  of  Mr.  Martin's  position. 

You  say  that  phrase  "  of  persons  "  is  a  qualifying  term  and  gives 
to  the  word  "  association  "  a  different  meaning  than  what  it  would 
have  if  that  phrase  were  omitted.  Inasmuch  as  all  associations  must 
be  of  persons,  why  does  the  phrase  "  of  persons  "  give  the  word  "  as- 
sociation "  any  different  meaning  than  it  would  have  if  the  phrase 
"  of  persons  "  were  omitted  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  suppose  the  gentleman  well  knows  that  in  the  text- 
books, statutes,  and  so  forth,  where  "  association  "  is  used  inter- 
changeably with  "  corporation,"  it  is  defined  as  simply  "  association," 
so  that  it  occurred  to  me  that  the  object  of  the  lawmakers  in  using  the 
term  "  association  of  persons  "  was  to  prevent  any  evasion  whatever. 
It  was  to  make  it  perfectly  plain  that  neither  an  individual  nor  a 
corporation — all  other  forms,  as  the  gentlemen  know,  of  association 
are  more  or  less  hazy,  and  "  association  "  is  a  very  general  term — ^but 
neither  by  the  individual  nor  by  the  other  general  and  well-known 
form  of  operation  in  modern  industry  and  commerce,  "  a  corpora- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  41 

tion,"  nor  by  some  other  arrangement  or  cooperation  aside  from  indi- 
viduals and  corporations,  shall  these  lands  be  acquired  in  excess  of 
certain  quantities.  In  other  words,  it  looked  to  me  that  the  legisla- 
ture— that  is,  the  Congress  in  this  case — had  taken  particular  care  to 
embrace  all  of  the  different  methods  by  which  the  people  might  oper- 
ate together  to  secure  more  of  this  land  than  the  limitations  fixed  in 
the  law  permitted,  or  monopolize  land;  monopoly  was  what  was 
aimed  at. 

Mr.  Douglas.  But  certainly  as  long  as  they  operate  together  as  in- 
dividuals they  do  not  bring  themselves  within  the  inhibition.  It 
does  not  say  they  must  sell  it  to  a  single  individual,  but  it  says  to 
"  individuals."  In  other  words,  they  can  sell  without  reference  to 
the  limitations  as  to  "  corporations  or  associations  of  persons  "  to 
individuals,  one,  two,  three,  four,  or  five,  as  long  as  they  treat  as 
individuals,  without  any  inhibition  whatever.  It  must  be  so.  It 
says  "  individuals." 

Mr.  Martin.  The  gentleman  has  been  rather  careful  to  keep  me  off 
of  the  legal  question.     I  shall  have  to  stand  on  the  rule. 

Mr.  Douglas.  We  have  had  nothing  this  morning  but  legal  ques- 
tions. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  shall  pass  on  now  to  the  Mindoro  Development 
Co.,  the  evidence  with  reference  to  which,  I  believe,  will  show 
that  this  company  has  to  all  practical  intents  and  purposes,  with  the 
knowledge  and  consent  of  the  officials  of  the  Philippine  Government, 
acquired  this  estate. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  on  December  8,  1909,  which  was  10 
days  before  Attorney  General  Wickersham  rendered  his  opinion  hold- 
ing these  lands  to  be  exempt  from  the  limitation  of  the  organic  law, 
there  was  organized,  under  the  laws  of  New  Jersey,  a  corporation 
known  as  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  It  was  capitalized  for 
$100,000.  I  am  informed  that  the  capitalization  was,  about  30 
days  later,  increased  to  $1,000,000.  I  shall  offer  its  charter  whenever 
the  committee  wishes  that  it  shall  be  offered.  I  had  intended  doing 
that  among  all  these  other  things  this  morning.  Our  plan  has  been 
changed  with  reference  to  the  introduction  of  evidence,  or,  rather,  my 
ideas  have  been  changed. 

The  articles  of  incorporation  will  show  that  this  company  is  au- 
thorized to  do  about  everything  on  earth  except  acquire  a  right  of 
way  through  the  State  of  New  Jersey  and  grant  absolution.  The 
articles  of  this  company  and  the  powers  granted  to  it  are  such  as  to 
show  it  to  be  a  criminal  conspiracy  under  the  laws  of  this  country, 
which  would  not  be  permitted  to  do  business  in  this  country  and 
should  not  be  permitted  to  do  business  anywhere  under  the  American 


Mr.  Madison.  Where  was  it  chartered? 

Mr.  Martin.  Chartered  in  New  Jersey. 

The  powers  of  the  company  are  so  broad,  I  will  say,  as  will  be 
shown  by  the  articles,  that  it  is  authorized  to  buy  and  vote  the  stock 
of  all  other  corporations  and  engage  in  every  kind  of  business  there 
could  possibly  be  carried  on  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  even  to  run- 
r^ing  schools  and  places  of  amusement,  and  all  that  sort  of  thing. 

Mr.  RucKER.  And  building  bathhouses ! 

Mr.  Martin.  It  would  be  a  good  deal  easier  to  enumerate  what  it 
can  not  do  than  what  it  can  do. 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 7 


42  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  this  company  is  chartered  to  carry  on 
business  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  that  fact  was  brought  out  before  this 
committee  in  a  rather  indefinite,  unsatisfactory  way,  the  same  as  most 
of  these  facts  were  brought  out. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  the  agent  and  manager  of  this  corpo- 
ration is  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole,  the  man  who  acted  as  agejit  of  the  men  I 
have  mentioned — Havemeyer,  Welch,  and  Senff — in  the  purchase  of 
the  San  Jose  estate,  and  it  is  reported  that  this  company  immediately 
proceeded  to  order  a  half  a  million  dollar  sugar  plant  to  be  con- 
structed at  the  Honolulu  Iron  Works  for  installation  on  the  San  Jose 
estate. 

I  take  it  from  evidence  of  this  character  that  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  to  all  practical  intents  and  purposes  the  Mindoro  Development 
Co.,  a  corporation,  is  the  real  owner  of  the  San  Jose  estate;  that  Mr. 
Poole  holds  the  nominal  title  for  the  corporation,  which,  I  think  the 
facts  can  be  brought  out  to  show,  will  be  shown  to  be  owned  or  con- 
trolled by  the  people  who  bought  the  land,  and  the  officials  of  the 
Philippine  Government  must  have  known  this,  so  that  it  appears 
upon  the  face  of  it 

Mr.  Douglas  (interposing).  What  is  the  evidence  by  which  you 
expect  to  prove  that  last  assertion? 

Mr.  Martin.  What  last  assertion? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Taking  it  for  granted  that  it  will  be  proved  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  was  the  real  party  in  interest,  what 
evidence  do  you  expect  to  produce  to  show  the  officials  of  the  Philip- 
pine Government  knew  they  were  in  fact  selling  to  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  ?     I  mean  facts,  not  inferences,  if  you  pleace. 

Mr.  Martin.  This  is  one  fact:  Mr.  Poole  bought  this  estate  as 
agent.  Mr.  Poole  was  also  the  agent  of  the  Mindoro  Development 
Co.  and  the  general  manager  of  that  company;  not  merely  agent, 
but  general  manager  of  that  company.  He  was  there  in  Manila 
procuring  materials  and  supplies  to  establish  a  sugar  plantation  on 
this  estate.  He  was  there  for  a  period  of  months.  His  activities 
in  carrying  on  all  the  work  he  did  there  in  behalf  of  these  people,  in 
the  purchasing  of  this  estate  and  in  establishing  the  sugar  planta- 
tion and  getting  the  railway  surveys  and  getting  the  material  and 
sending  out  to  build  labor  quarters  and  all  the  work  necessary  to 
start  up  a  55,000-acre  sugar  plantation — his  activities  in  this  con- 
nection must  have  been  very  obvious  and  altogether  of  a  character  to 
put  the  officials  of  the  Philippine  Government  upon  their  inquiry. 

Mr.  Douglas.  As  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  EucKER.  I  think  you  will  find  on  page  59  of  his  report  that 
Mr.  Worcester  admits  that  Mr.  Poole  told  him  that  he  was  the 
agent  of  this  company,  and  he  proposed  to  sell  to  this  company  just 
sufficient  land  to  do  this  building. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  saw  that.  Certainly,  he  did  not  expect  him  to  sell 
this  property  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  because  that  is 
against  the  law  of  the  Philippines. 

The  Chairman.  Go  ahead,  Mr.  Martin. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  would  not  like  to  put  the  officials  in  the  attitude 
of  conniving  with  the  purchasers  of  this  estate  and  the  owners  of  this 


ADMINISTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  43 

• 

company  to  evade  the  law,  but  the  law  certainly  has  been  evaded. 
It  would,  at  least,  indicate  a  marked  degree  of  official  negligence. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  a  question  for  this  committee  to  decide, 
whether  the  law  has  been  evaded  or  not. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do  not  think  there  can  be  any  doubt  left  in  the 
minds  of  the  committee  after  they  go  into  this  matter  that  the  Gov- 
ernment officials  over  there  knew,  to  all  practical  intents  and  pur- 
poses, that  for  every  purpose  except  the  mere  purpose  of  holding  the 
nominal  title  by  an  agent  the  corporation  was  getting  this  land  and 
was  going  to  operate  it  as  a  sugar  estate. 

I  say,  now,  unqualifiedly  and  unhesitatingly,  that  the  evidence  in 
this  case  satisfies  my  mind,  and  I  so  state  to  this  committee,  that  the 
holding  of  that  nominal  title  by  Mr.  Poole  was  the  merest  subterfuge 
to  effect  an  evasion  of  the  law,  and,  as  far  as  all  the  evidence  goes  to 
show,  the  corporation  got  the  estate. 

I  have  asked  all  these  people  to  be  brought  before  this  committee 
who  are  connected  with  this  company,  for  the  purpose  of  finding  out 
the  facts.  That  is  all  I  want  to  do.  If  I  have  any  information  in  my 
power  to  help  the  committee  ascertain  the  facts,  I  want  to  give  it  to 
them.  I  can  not  help  recognizing  the  fact,  if  these  witnesses  are 
procured,  they  will  all  be  hostile  witnesses,  but  they  are  the  only 
men  I  know  of  within  whose  actual  knowledge  the  facts  reside. 

Eight  in  this  connection  the  evidence  will  show  that  there  were 
three  corporations  organized  under  the  laws  of  California,  the  names 
of  which  I  have  given  the  committee  and  which  now^  appear  in  the 
record  of  these  hearings,  each  of  which  companies  has  purchased 
almost  the  maximum  allowed  by  law,  so  that  the  aggregate  of  their 
holdings  is  about  7,000  acres;  that  the  holdings  of  these  three  Cali- 
fornia agricultural  corporations  are  contiguous  to  each  other  and  to 
the  San  Jose  estate;  and  that  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  is  also  the  manager 
of  those  three  corporations  as  well  as  the  manager  of  the  San  Jose 
estate.  Between  the  four  corporations,  as  the  evidence  Avill  show, 
they  have  a  body  of  about  62,000  or  63,000  acres  of  land.  The  names 
of  the  secretaries  of  those  companies  are  in  the  record,  and  I  have 
asked  to  have  them  subpcenaed  with  a  view  to  showing  what  I  believe 
to  be  the  facts;  that  the  same  parties  in  interest  own  all  three  of 
these  corporations,  and  that  they  are  virtually  one.  In  other  words, 
they  are  paper  corporations,  organized  for  the  purpose  of  evading 
the  law  and  getting  control  of  larger  tracts  of  land  for  the  same  in- 
terests than  the  law  permits,  and  I  have  asked  to  have  all  the  names 
disclosed  in  connection  with  these  corporations  entered  upon  the  sub- 
poenas and  the  persons  brought  before  this  committee  in  order  that 
it  may  ascertain  the  facts. 

The  Philippine  government  officials  must  have  known,  or  at  least 
they  were  put  upon  their  inquiry,  as  to  the  interests  behind  these 
corporations,  not  only  in  view  of  the  manner  in  which  they  acquired 
their  lands  contiguous  to  each  other  and  to  the  San  Jose  estate,  but 
the  fact  that  all  three  of  these  corporations  and  the  Mindoro  Devel- 
opment Co.  had  the  same  manager. 

I  will  pass  on  now  to  the  Calamba  estate. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  spoke  of  the  charter  of  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  as  enabling  it  to  do  everything  except  to  grant  absolution. 
I  wish  sometime  you  would  point  out  to  the  committee  what  part  of 


44  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

the  charter,  in  your  judgment,  under  any  construction  whatever, 
would  authorize  it  to  carry  on  the  business  of  agriculture  in  the  Phil- 
ippine Islands. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  would  not  permit  it  to  hold  title  to  the  lands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Nor  permit  it  to  carry  on  the  business  of  agriculture. 

Mr.  Martin.  Outside  of  the  nominal  holding  of  the  title 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  is  permitted  to  hold  title,  but  it  is  nowhere  per- 
mitted to  engage  in  the  business  of  agriculture,  in  my  judgment. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  can  invest  in,  hold,  subscribe  for,  buy,  sell 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  hope  you  will  not  undertake  to  read  the  whole 
of  that  charter,  but  that  you  will  take  it  at  some  other  time  in  the 
future  and  point  out  what*  I  inquired  for. 

The  Chairman.  We  will  have  that  charter  in  evidence. 

charter  of  the  mindoro  development  CO. 

We,  the  underslgnecl,  do  hereby  associate  ourselves  into  a  corporation  nnder 
and  by  virtue  of  the  provisions  of  an  act  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  New 
Jersey,  entitled  ''An  act  concerning  corporations  (revision  of  189(3),"  and  the 
acts  supplementary  thereto  and  amendatory  thereof,  for  the  purposes  herein- 
after set  forth,  and  do  hereby  certify  as  follows : 

First.  The  name  of  the  corporation  is  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Second.  The  location  of  the  principal  office  of  the  corporation  in  the  State  of 
New  Jersey  is  No.  243  Washington  Street,  Jersey  City,  county  of  Hudson.  The 
name  of  the  agent  therein  and  in  charge  thereof,  upon  whom  process  against 
the  corporation  may  be  served,  is  George  S.  Hobart. 

Third.  The  objects  for  which  the  corporation  is  formed  are: 

To  build,  buy,  own,  hold,  sell,  lease,  rent,  equip,  maintain,  operate,  and  in 
any  manner  acquire,  use,  and  dispose  of  factories,  refineries,  distilleries,  mills, 
railroads,  and  tramroads,  lines  of  steamships  and  sailing  vessels,  tugs,  lighters, 
piers,  docks,  dry  docks,  wharves,  warehouses,  irrigating  ditches  and  canals, 
electric  and  other  plants  (for  lighting,  heating,  power,  irrigating,  refrigerating, 
and  other  purposes),  hotels,  lodging  houses,  boarding  houses,  stores,  hospitals, 
schools,  houses,  tenements,  barns,  stables,  and  other  buildings  and  structures  of 
all  kinds,  parks  and  places  of  public  amusement,  entertainment,  and  instruction, 
and  all  materials,  apparatus,  tools,  equipment,  and  appliances  necessarv,  suit- 
able, or  convenient  for  the  construction,  equipment,  maintenance,  or  other  use 
thereof,  and  to  own,  hold,  mortgage,  and  convey  such  real  estate  as  may  be 
reason;ibly  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is 
crea  ted. 

To  manufacture,  refine,  own,  hold,  buy,  sell,  import  and  export,  deal  in, 
and  in  any  manner  acquire  and  dispose  of,  sugar,  sugar  cane,  molasses,  coffee, 
tobacco,  lumber,  woods,  and  agricultural  products  of  all  kinds;  to  buy.  own, 
hold,  sell,  lease,  rent,  deal  in,  acquire  in  any  manner  and  dispose  of  machinery, 
implements,  merchandise,  commodities,  and  personal  property  of  all  kinds. 

To  apply  for,  obtain,  register,  purchase,  lease,  or  otherwise  acquire  and  to 
hold,  use,  own,  operate,  and  introduce,  and  to  sell,  assign,  or  otherwise  dispose 
of,  any  trade-marks,  trade  names,  patents,  inventions,  improvements,  and  proc- 
ess(^s  used  in  connection  with  or  secured  under  letters  patent  of  the  United 
States  or  elsewhere  or  otherwise,  and  to  use,  exercise,  develop,  grant,  license  in 
respect  of,  or  otherwise  to  turn  to  account  any  such  trade-marks,  patents, 
licenses,  processes,  and  the  like,  or  any  such  properties  or  rights. 

To  borrow  and  to  lend  money  and  to  issue  obligations  for  money  borrowed, 
and  to  secure  any  of  its  obligations  by  mortgage  or  other  lien  on  all  or  any  of 
its  properties,  real  or  personal;  to  invest  in,  hold,  subscribe  for,  buy,  sell,  and 
in  any  manner  acquire  and  dispose  of  the  stocks,  bonds,  and  other  obligations 
of  other  corporations,  and  while  owner  of  any  such  stocks,  bonds,  or  other  obli- 
gations to  exercise  all  the  rights,  powers,  and  privileges  of  ownership  thereof, 
including  the  right  to  vote;  to  enter  into  and  carry  out  contracts  of  all  kinds 
pertaining  to  its  business  or  to  any  of  the  purposes  or  powers  aforesaid,  and  to 
conduct  any  business  incidental  to  or  connected  with  any  of  the  purposes  and 
powers  aforesaid. 

To  conduct  business  and  to  exercise  any  or  all  of  its  corporate  purposes  and 
powers,  have  one  or  more  offices,  and  hold,  purchase,  mortgage,  and  convey 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


45 


real  or  personal  property,  either  within  or  without  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  in 
any  of  the  several  States,  Territories,  possessions,  and  dependencies  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  in  foreign  countries. 

Provided,  however,  That  nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  construed  to  give 
power  to  transact  within  the  Stnte  of  New  Jersey  the  business  of  a  railroad 
company,  a  canal  company,  or  other  company  which  shall  need  to  possess  the 
right  of  taking  and  condemning  lands  in  said  State. 

Fourth.  The  amount  of  the  total  authorized  capital  stock  of  the  corporation 
is  $100,000,  divided  into  1,000  shares  of  the  par  value  of  $100  each. 

Fifth.  The  names  and  post-office  addresses  of  the  incorporators  and  the 
number  of  shares  of  capital  stock  subscribed  for  by  each,  the  aggregate  of  such 
subscriptions  being  the  amount  of  capital  stock  with  which  the  corporation  will 
commence  business,  are  as  follows : 


Name. 

Post-ofFice  address. 

Number 

of 
shares. 

Robert  J.  Bain                                       .          

Jersey  City,  N.  J 

25 

Samuel  S.  Moore 

Elizabeth,  N.J 

25 

Charles  E.  Scribiier                          

Boonton,  N.  J 

50 

Sixth.  The  duration  of  the  corporation  shall  be  perpetual. 

Seventh.  The  number  of  directors  of  the  corporation  shall  be  as  fixed  from 
time  to  time  by  the  by-laws.  The  directors  shall  have  power  to  make  and  alter 
by-laws,  but  any  by-law  made  by  the  directors  may  be  altered  or  repealed  by 
the  stockholders  at  any  annual  or  special  meeting.  The  directors  shall  have 
power  from  time  to  time  to  fix  and  determine  and  to  vary  the  amount  of  work- 
ing capital  of  the  corporntion,  and  to  direct  and  determine  the  use  and  disposi- 
tion of  the  working  capital.  The  directors  shall  have  power  to  hold  their 
meetings,  to  have  one  or  more  offices,  and  to  keep  the  books  of  the  corporation, 
except  the  stock  and  transfer  books,  outside  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  at  such 
places  as  from  time  to  time  may  be  designated  by  the  by-laws  or  by  resolutions 
of  the  directors. 

Eighth.  Any  action  which  shall  at  any  time  require  the  consent  of  the  holders 
of  two-thirds  of  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation  at  any  meeting  after  notice 
to  them  given,  or  require  their  consent  in  writing  to  be  filed,  may  be  taken  upon 
the  consent  of  or  the  consent  given  and  filed  by  the  holders  of  two-thirds  of 
the  capital  stock  represented  at  such  meeting  in  person  or  by  proxy. 

In  witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands  and  seals  this  7th  day  of 
December,  1909. 

Signed  and  sealed  in  the  presence  of — 
Charles  B.  Hughes. 

[seal.]     Robert  J.  Batn. 
[seal.]     Samuel  S.  Moore, 
[seal.]     Charles   E.   Scribner. 


State  of  New  Jersey, 

Countp  of  Hudson,  ss: 
Be  it  remembered  that  on  this  7th  day  of  December,  1909,  before  me,  the  sub- 
scriber, a  master  in  chancery  of  New  Jersey,  duly  authorized  to  act  within  the 
county  and  State  aforesaid,  personally  appeared  Robert  J.  Bain,  Samuel  S. 
Moore,  and  Charles  E.  Scribner,  who  I  am  satisfied  are  the  persons  named  in 
and  who  executed  the  foregoing  certificate  of  incorporation,  and  I  having  made 
known  to  them  the  contents  thereof,  they  did  each  acknowledge  that  they 
signed,  sealed,  and  delivered  the  same  as  their  voluntary  act  and  deed  for  the 
uses  and  purposes  therein  set  forth. 

Charles  B.  Hughes, 
Master  in  Chancery  of  New  Jersey, 

Indorsed :  Received  in  the  Hudson  County,  N.  J.,  clerk's  ofiice,  7th  December, 

A.  D.  1909,  a:al  recorded  in  Clerk  Record  No. ,  on  page . 

John  Rotherham,  Clerk, 


Filed  and  recorded  December  8,  1009. 


S.  D.  Dickinson, 
Secretary  of  State, 


46  ADMINISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

State  of  New  Jersey, 

Department  of  State. 
I,  S.  D.  Dickinson,  secretary  of  state  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  do  hereby 
certify  that  the  foregoing  is  a  true  copy  of  the  certificate  of  incorporation  ol 
the  Mindoro  Development  Company,  and  the  indorsements  thereon,  as  the  same 
is  talvcn  from  and  compared  with  the  original  filed  in  my  oflice  on  the  8th  day 
of  December,  A.  D.  1909,  and  now  remaining  on  file  and  of  record  therein. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  affixed  my  official  seal 
at  Trenton  this  12th  day  of  May,  A.  D.  1910. 

[SEAL.]  S.  D.  Dickinson, 

Secretary  of  State. 

Mr.  Martin  [reading].  "To  invest  in,  hold,  subscribe  for,  buy, 
sell,  and  in  any  manner  acquire  and  dispose  of  the  stocks,  bonds,  and 
other  obligations  of  other  corporations,  and  while  owner  of  any  such 
stocks,  bonds,  or  other  obligations  to  exercise  all  the  rights,  powers, 
and  privileges  of  ownership  thereof,  including  the  right  to  vote." 

There  is  not  any  room  for  a  lawyer  to  question,  I  think,  that  that 
corporation  can  go  there  and  supersede  the  Philippine  Government 
in  all  but  nominal  effect. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  may  illustrate  your  way  of  looking  at  it,  rather 
than  the  actual  facts. 

The  Chairman.  Proceed,  Mr.  Martin. 

Mr.  Martin.  As  to  the  Calamba  estate^  the  evidence  will  show  that 
is  one  of  the  old  estates  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  It  is  about  30 
miles  from  Manila.  It  is  on  a  railroad.  It  is  a  rich  estate  and  well 
located,  watered  and  so  forth.  It  was  the  principal  estate  which 
caused  the  trouble  between  the  religious  orders  and  the  tenants  in  the 
Philippines,  and  which  had  resulted  in  more  or  less  trouble  all  along 
from  1870  to  1896,  at  which  time  there  was  a  revolution  or  insurrec- 
tion against  the  Spanish  Government  there,  which  was  directly  trace- 
able to,  so  I  am  informed,  and  grew  out  of  the  difficulty  between  the 
tenants  and  the  friars  with  reference  to  the  Calamba  estate. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  How  many  acres  were  there  in  that  estate  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  About  33,000. 

In  that  insurrection,  and  as  a  result  of  it,  Jose  Eozelle,  who  was 
said  to  have  been  the  leading  citizen  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and 
regarded  by  those  people  as  sort  of  George  Washington,  was  seized, 
court-martialed,  and  shot  to  death  by  the  Spanish  arms. 

This  estate  was  the  crux  of  negotiations  after  the  war  between  the 
United  States  and  Spain,  to  take  over  these  estates,  from  the  religious 
orders,  for  the  purpose  of  distributing  them  among  the  tenants. 

This  estate  was  first  reported  sold  to  a  man  named  A.  F.  Thayer, 
and  that  matter  is  reported  by  the  Secretary  of  War  in  one  of  the 
numerous  written  responses  sent  in  to  resolutions  of  inquiry  passed 
by  the  House  of  Representatives,  in  which  Mr.  Thayer  was  referred 
to  as  agent  of  Dillingham,  showing  that  he,  like  Poole,  was  merely 
an  agent.  The  Dillinghams  are  the  leading  sugar  people,  I  believe, 
in  the  Hawaiian  Islands.  They  are  located  at  Honolulu  and  are  an 
annex  of  the  Sugar  Trust,  or  have  been  swallowed  up  by  it  in  some 
way. 

It  will  further  appear  from  the  record  that  he  got  a  part  of  the 
Binan  estate. 

Mr.  EucKER.  You  know  Mr.  Thayer  is  an  ex-Coloradan;  you  want 
to  be  kind  of  easy  upon  him.  ^  [Laughter.] 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  claim  that  Mr.  Thayer  purchased  or  leased 
the  entire  Calamba  c  state  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  47 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  much  do  you  claim  that  he  leased? 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  only  reported  by  Mr.  Dickinson,  Secretary  of 
War,  and  this  is  one  of  the  things  I  complained  of  all  the  time — the 
manner  in  which  this  information  was  furnished,  the  piecemeal  and 
evasive  and  insufficient  manner  in  which  information  was  always 
furnished  about  these  matters.  It  was  reported  by  the  Secretary  of 
War,  Mr.  Dickinson,  that  there  was  simply  an  application  filed  by 
Dillingham  for  1,200  hectares,  which  would  be  about  3,000  acres;  but 
in  this  report  of  Mr.  AVorcester's — we  can  refer  to  the  matter  right 
now. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  on  pages  75  and  76  of  Worcester's  report. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  this  report  of  Mr.  Worcester's,  at  page  73,  it  was 
given  as  follows: 

Mr.  A.  F.  Thayer  has  leased  9,750  acres  on  the  Calamba  and  Binan  estates, 
with  the  right  to  purchase.     This  land  is  in  188  i)a reels. 

But  it  does  not  state  there 

Mr.  Crumpacker  (interposing).  On  page  76  Mr.  Worcester  states 
that  Mr.  Thayer  had  only  leased  8,218  acres  of  the  Calamba  estate, 
and  that  every  tenant  had  leased  with  the  right  to  buy  his  holdings ; 
and  these  w^ere  unoccupied  lands,  leaving  18,000  acres  yet  in  the 
Calamba  estate  unoccupied,  unleased,  and  unsold. 

Mr.  Martin.  Wliat  page  is  that  on  ? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Pages  75  and  76. 

Mr.  Martin.  Very  well.  That  shows  that  while  the  Secretary  of 
War  reported  to  Congress  that  there  was  one  application  pending 
for  3,000  acres  of  the  Calamba  estate,  as  a  matter  of  fact  they  had 
leased  to  Mr.  Thayer  with  the  right  to  purchase — how  many  thousand 
acres  ? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Eight  thousand,  two  hundred  and  eighteen. 

Mr.  Martin.  Eight  in  that  connection,  I  will  call  attention  to 
what  the  showing  is  with  reference  to  the  Santa  Rosa  estate.  This 
report  of  Mr.  Worcester's,  on  page  72,  shows  that  a  part  of  the  Santa 
Rosa  estate  was  sold  to  one  Harry  Rosenberg  for  A.  F.  Thayer,  who, 
in  making  the  purchase  of  the  Calamba  estate,  was  a  purchaser  for 
somebody  else. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  evidence  that  Mr.  Thayer,  in  making 
his  lease,  leased  for  somebody  else? 

Mr.  Martin.  There  is  none  in  the  lease. 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  says  he  is  an  American  citizen,  doing  business  in 
hmds. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  Dillinghams  are  not  mentioned  in  the  lease, 
but  I  will  accept  the  Secretary  of  War's  statement  that  the  purchase 
was  for  the  Dillinghams. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  think  he  makes  that  statement  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  Secretary  of  War  says  that  Thayer,  as  agent 
for  Dillingham,  has  filed  an  application  to  purchase  1,200  acres.  The 
Manila  newspapers,  which  are  friendly  to  the  administration,  par- 
ticularly the  Times,  published  front-page  articles  about  the  purchase 
of  this  estate,  referring  to  the  real  purchaser  as  Mr.  Walter  Dilling- 
ham, multimillionaire  sugar  producer  of  Honolulu,  as  representing 
the  Dillingham  interests,  who  were  the  real  parties  in  interest  in 
securing  that  estate. 


48  ADMINISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

So,  as  to  that  estate,  the  Philippine  government  was  just  as  much 
put  upon  inquiry  and  in  the  possession  of  knowledge  as  with  refer- 
ence to  this  San  Jose  estate,  to  show  that  these  men  were  mere  agents 
for  large  foreign  corporate  interests. 

The  next  is  the  Isabela  estate.     That  contains  about  50,000  acres. 

The  evidence  in  this  case  will  show  that  Gen.  Edwards,  in  his 
letter  to  Congress,  dated  April  11,  which  appeared  in  the  Congres- 
sional Eecord  of  April  14,  at  page  4830,  says  that  this  estate  had 
been  leased  to  W.  H.  Lawrence. 

Mr.  EucKER.  How  many  acres  was  that  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  About  50,000  acres. 

In  the  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  War  to  the  House  of  Eepresent- 
atives,  of  date  June  10,  1910,  Senate  Document  963,  it  was  stated 
that  the  Isabela  estate  had  been  sold  to  E.  B.  Bruce  for  Olson,  of  the 
firm  of  W.  E.  Olson  &  Co.;  Mr.  Lowenstein,  of  the  firm  of  Castle 
Brothers,  Wolf  &  Sons,  and  one  or  two  other  Americans  in  Manila 
who  are  not  named.  We  hope  to  find  out  the  names  of  these  gentle- 
men in  the  course  of  this  investigation. 

In  Mr.  Worcester's  report  to  Gov.  Forbes,  at  page  72,  he  states  he 
is  informed  Mr.  Bruce  represents  Mr.  Lowenstein,  Mr.  W.  H.  Law- 
rence, and  Mr.  Walter  E.  Olsen,  without  mentioning  any  other 
Americans  who  may  have  been  interested  in  this  matter. 

That  transaction,  it  appears  from  the  evidence,  is  on  a  par  with 
the  others  in  so  far  as  regards  the  sales  to  an  individual.^  It  has 
the  appearance  more  of  being  a  sale  to  a  combination  of  interests 
than  a  sale  to  an  individual. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is,  you  are  referring  to  the  lease  when  you 
speak  of  sale? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Exhibit  F  of  this  report? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir. 

Those  leases  are  options  to  purchase.  They  are  not  mere  naked 
leases. 

Mr.  Douglas.  They  are  leases  with  an  option  to  purchase. 

Mr.  Martin.  All  those  leases  are  sales  at  the  option  of  the 
purchasei*. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Does  that  option  always  carry  the  price  with  it  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  the  sale  price  is  designated,  but  you  will 
understand,  as  I  said  the  other  day,  I  am  raising  no  question  as  to  the 
price  for  which  the  estate  is  sold. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  price  is  fixed  by  law. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  am  raising  no  question  as  to  the  price  at  which 
these  estates  are  sold. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Is  that  a  minimum  price  or  a  maximum  price? 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  a  minimum  price,  I  think,  fixed  by  law. 

The  next  estate  is  the  Tala  estate,  which  was  leased  with  option  to 
purchase  to  Mr.  Carpenter.  I  do  not  know  Mr.  Carpenter's  exact 
official  title.  He  has  been  referred  to  as  executive  secretary  of  the 
Philippine  Government.^  It  appears  that  it  is  a  matter  of  detail;  I 
do  not  know  just  what  his  title  is. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Are  not  the  initials  given  of  this  Mr,  Carpenter? 

Mr.  Martin.  Mr.  Frank  W.  Carpenter. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  this  lease  was  made  to  Mr.  Carpenter 
on  the  20th  of  April,  1908.    Information  about  the  sale  of  the  lease 


ADMIKISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  49 

or  disposition  of  these  estates  was  first  asked  for  in  House  resolution 
No.  755,  introduced  April  5,  1910,  and  answered  April  11,  1910,  ap- 
pearing in  the  Congressional  Record  of  April  14,  1910,  at  page  48^4. 

But  this  lease  or  sale  to  Mr.  Carpenter  was  not  mentioned,  although 
it  had  then  been  made  two  j^ears. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  all  efforts  to  get  this  information 
failed  until,  in  response  to  a  resolution  introduced  by  Mr.  Slayden, 
of  Texas,  the  director  of  public  lands,  Mr.  Sleeper,  transmitted  to 
the  Secretary  of  War  and  he  to  Congress  the  report  with  reference 
to  the  sales  and  leases  of  public  and  friar  lands  in  the  Philippine 
Islands,  in  which  this  conveyance  to  Mr.  Carpenter  appeared.  That 
information  came  in  the  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  dated  June  10, 
1910,  House  Document  No.  963,  at  page  10. 

I  want  to  introduce  in  evidence  and  have  this  committee  carefully 
consider  the  character  of  lease  made  by  the  proper  officials  of  the 
Philippine  Government  to  Mr.  Carpenter.  For  this  lease  he  was  to 
get  300  hectares  the  first  year,  900  hectares  the  second  year,  and  1,500 
hectares  the  third  year,  or  a  total  of  2,700  hectares,  something  over 
5,000  acres,  the  sole  ownership  of  which  he  should  now  possess  if  he 
carried  out  the  terms  of  the  agreement. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  claim  there  was  any  concealment  about  that 
matter  in  the  Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not.  There  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
any  concealment  in  the  Philippines  about  this  lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter 
whatever.  This  lease  will  show  that  he  was  not  only  to  buy  all  the 
unoccupied  tracts  of  land,  but  all  which  might  thereafter  be  vacated 
by  the  occupants.  This  lease  will  shoAV  that  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment agreed  to  reserve  from  lease  or  sale  to  any  person  or  persons 
other  than  said  Carpenter  all  of  the  unoccupied  lands  of  this  estate. 

It  will  show  discriminatory  favors  in  the  matter  of  rentals  to  Mr. 
Carpenter,  whereby  he  was  to  pay  only  6  cents  an  acre  for  this  land 
as  against  20  cents  an  acre  charged  to  the  native  tenants. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  it  show  that  on  its  face,  or  where  did  you  sret 
that?  ^       ^ 

Mr.  Martin.  It  shows  that  on  its  face,  and  it  shows,  furthermore, 
that  he  was  only  to  pay  30  cents  an  acre  upon  cultivated  lands  in  the 
event  that  he  produced  a  profit  which  netted  him  $4  an  acre,  without 
any  method  of  determining  that  fact  or  who  would  determine  what 
his  profit  was. 

The  Chairman.  You  have  stated,  I  think,  that  the  evidence  will 
show  that  the  rentals  to  Mr.  Carpenter  were  6  cents  an  acre  as  against 
20  cents  to  the  native  tenants.  Was  it  for  the  same  identical  piece 
of  land? 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  for  land  in  the  Tala  estate. 

Mr.  Douglas.  But  part  of  his  was  unoccupied  land,  and  the  tenants 
secured  cultivated  land.     Six  cents  an  acre  was  for  unoccupied  land. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  He  was  required  to  cultivate  so  much  a  year, 
and  after  he  cultivated  it,  to  pay  20  cents  an  acre,  and  when  he  took 
vacant  land  he  took  it  on  absolutely  the  same  terms  as  the  tenants 
paid. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  show  also  that  the  tenants  took  some  unoccu- 
pied land  of  this  estate,  and  they  had  the  same  trouble  Mr.  Carpenter 
would  have  to  reduce  their  land  to  a  state  of  fertility  and  produc- 
tiveness. 


50  ADMTNISTBATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  he  ever  reduce  his  land  to  a  state  of  fertility  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  He  did,  as  I  understand  it.  It  is  stated  here  on  page 
105. of  Mr.  Worcester's  report  as  a  justification  for  the  admitted  dis- 
crimination in  favor  of  Mr.  Carpenter — that  is,  the  discriminaton  is 
not  denied,  but  it  is  explained  and  justified  by  the  statement  that  he  is 
required  by  his  contract  to  cultivate  the  land.  But,  as  I  say,  and  as 
I  submit,  these  leases  contain  no  provision  of  forfeiture,  and  this  so- 
called  requirement  was  absolutely  nonenforceable.  The  requirement 
as  to  what  Mr.  Carpenter  was  to  do  with  this  land  was  not  worth  the 
paper  it  was  written  upon.  AVhat  was  uncultivated  land,  10  or  12 
acres,  worth  to  a  Filipino  unless  he  reduced  his  land  to  a  state  of 
cultivation 

Mr.  Parsons  (interposing).  What  did  the  law  provide  in  regard 
to  forfeiture? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do  not  think  that  it  had  a  requirement  to  cultivate. 
The  lease  had  a  requirement  of  cultivation.  It  provided  also  for  the 
fact  that  grazing  stock  should  be  considered  cultivation.  It  provided 
that  "  grazing  shall  be  deemed  cultivation." 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  page  is  that? 

Mr.  RucKER.  Is  that  lease  published? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  that  lease  is  in  there  on  page  102.  It  is  pro- 
vided in  paragraph  4  of  the  lease,  on  page  103,  that  "  The  grazing  of 
cattle  shall  be  considered  as  cultivation."  I  say  there  is  no  provision 
of  forfeiture  in  this  lease,  and  any  requirement  on  Mr.  Carpenter 
to  cultivate  is  nonenforceable;  therefore  he  did  get  this  land  for  6 
cents  an  acre,  whereas  the  native  tenants  were  required  to  pay  20 
cents  an  acre. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  whether  the  lease  showed  on  its  face  the 
native  tenants  were  required  to  pay  20  cents. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  does  not  appear  in  this  lease;  no,  sir.  That  ap- 
pears elsewhere. 

Mr.  Parsons.    Does  that  appear  in  regard  to  this  very  same  land? 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  the  unoccupied  land  that  either  he,  under  his 
lease,  or  they  would  acquire.  There  are  only  17^000  acres  in  this 
estate. 

Proceeding,  as  to  what  this  lease  will  show,  the  second  paragraph 
of  this  lease  contains  the  provision  that  if  application  should  be 
made  by  other  parties  to  acquire  any  of  this  land — that  means  Fili- 
pino tenants — the  Government  would  notify  Mr.  Carpenter  and 
give  him  the  first  right  to  come  in  and  lease  the  tracts  for  Avhich  they 
applied. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Why  do  you  say  Filipino  tenants?  They  by  law 
are  given  the  first  right. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  are  not  given  the  first  right  by  this  lease. 

Mr.  Douglas.  This  is  only  for  unoccupied  land. 

Mr.  Martin.  This  was  to  let  Mr.  Carpenter  take  it  right  from 
under  them. 

Mr.  CRUiNirACKER.  This  lease  applies  only  to  unoccupied  lands. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  the  lease  provides  that  if  application  is  made 
by  other  parties  than  said  party  of  the  second  part  (Mr.  Carpenter), 
to  lease  or  purchase  any  of  said  reserved  lands  of  said  estate,  which 
he  was  not  then  actually  holding  in  lease,  it  would  be  incumbent  upon 
said  party  of  the  second  part  immediately  to  execute  a  lease  or  leases 
covering  said  lands  at  rates  applicable  to  the  other  tracts  for  which 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  51 

leases  have  been  executed,  and  if  he  fails  then,  after  being  notified 
of  these  applications,  to  purchase  by  other  parties,  that  he  does  not 
want  them,  then  they  may  purchase. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Sure. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  operated,  I  say,  directly  to  prevent  the  acqui- 
sition of  the  lands  on  that  estate  by  the  Filipino  tenant. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  There  are  no  tenants  on  this  land.  This  land 
is  leased  to  Carpenter,  and  this  gives  him  the  right  to  lease  any  or 
all  of  the  unoccupied  land.  He  is  to  take  so  much  of  it  a  year  until 
he  gets  it  all.  In  the  progressive  course  of  this  lease,  if  somebody 
else  desires  to  lease  land,  then  Mr.  Carpenter  must  execute  a  lease 
for  that  land  at  once,  under  the  terms  of  his  contract,  or  it  goes  to 
somebody  else.     That  contract  covers  the  whole  unoccupied  estate. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir ;  and  he  is  given  the  option,  when  a  Filipino 
goes  and  applies  for  a  piece  of  that  land,  to  execute  a  lease  himself 
and  take  the  land  from  the  Government  and  shut  the  Filipino  out. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  a  part  of  the  contract;  that  lease  covers 
the  whole  of  the  unoccupied  part  of  the  estate. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  it  is  an  unlawful  part  of  this  contract. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  another  proposition. 

Mr.  Parsons.  If  he  should  lease  that  additional  land,  then,  under 
the  terms  of  the  lease,  would  he  have  to  clear  and  cultivate  that 
additional  land? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  lease  says  he  would  be  required  to,  but  I  have 
called  the  committee's  attention  to  the  fact  there  is  no  forfeiture  in 
that  lease  and  that  that  provision  is  absolutely  nonenforceable. 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  is  enforceable  if  the  man  is  responsible. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  provides  if  it  is  not  enforced,  then  the  Gov- 
ernment shall  take  the  land  and  sell  it  to  somebody  else. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  whether,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  he  did 
cultivate  the  land  or  reduce  it  to  cultivation  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  something  I  do  not  know.  But  I  will  pro- 
ceed now. 

Paragraph  3  of  the  lease  gave  Mr.  Carpenter  the  right  to  acquire 
any  occupied  or  leased  lands  which  might  in  the  future  be  abandoned 
or  vacated  by  the  present  occupants. 

I  want  to  call  particular  attention  to  section  5  of  this  lease,  con- 
taining the  further  agreement  that — 

If  tlie  Legislature  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  amend  the  friar-lands  act  by 
making  provisions  for  the  sale  of  large  tracts  of  the  friar  lands  to  persons  not 
actual  and  bona  tide  occupants  as  defined  therein,  upon  the  same  terms  and 
conditions  as  those  providing  for  the  sale  to  actual  and  bona  fide  occupants, 
that  said  party  of  the  second  part  will  buy,  and  said  party  of  the  tirst  part  will 
sell,  the  lands  covered  by  the  terms  of  this  agreement. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  within  60  days  after  the  execution  of 
this  agreement,  providing  that  if  the  Philippine  Legislature  amended 
the  friar-lands  act  so  as  to  permit  nonresidents  or  nonoccupants  to 
acquire  these  lands  on  the  same  terms  and  conditions  as  residents  and 
occupants,  the  Philippine  Legislature  passed  the  first  amendatory 
act,  which  is  relied  upon  by  the  officials  of  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment in  justification  of  the  sale  of  this  land.  They  admit  in  these 
letters  that  at  the  time  this  lease  was  executed,  on  April  20,  1908, 
they  had  no  authority  to  sell  to  Mr.  Carpenter,  but  they  put  a  pro- 
vision in  it  that  if  the  legislature  authorized  its  sale,  then  they  would 


52  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

sell  to  him  and  he  would  buy,  and  then,  on  June  20,  just  60  days 
afterwards,  the  alleged  amendatory  act  became  a  law,  whereby  they 
clahned  they  had  a  right  to  make  the  sale  to  him. 

Of  course  I  take  the  position  at  all  times  in  this  investigation  that 
the  Philippine  Legislature  and  Philippine  Commission,  and  no  other 
power  on  earth  but  Congress,  could  so  modify  the  law. 

Section  6  contains  the  provision  that  "  the  said  party  of  the  second 

f)art  shall  keep  trespassers  from  occupying  any  portion  of  said 
ands."  I  would  like  to  have  it  explained  to  this  committee  what 
constitutes  trespassers;  whether  it  was  Filipinos  trying  to  occupy 
and  hold  these  lands  against  the  wishes  of  the  lessee.  A  most  ex- 
traordinary provision,  that  he  should  agree  to  keep  his  interests  free 
from  trespassers.  In  this  country  that  would  be  a  matter  between 
the  owner  of  the  land  and  the  trespassers  and  not  between  the  Gov- 
ernment and  the  owner  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  He  is  the  lessee,  you  must  bear  in  mind.  The 
Government  is  still  the  owner  under  the  lease.  He  must  keep  squat- 
ters off  of  it ;  from  acquiring  rights  they  had. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  am  not  ready  to  concede  he  should  keep  squatters 
off  of  it.  I  think  the  squatters  are  the  class  of  trespassers  intended 
by  this  provision  in  the  lease,  and  my  idea  is  we  acquired  those  lands 
for  squatters,  so  they  might  go  on  them  and  take  them.  Of  course 
they  were  expected  to  pay  for  them,  and  these  lands  over  there  in  the 
first  instance  were  nearly  all  acquired  by  the  squatter  method. 

I  would  not  mention  all  this,  but  there  are  some  extraordinary 
provisions  I  will  mention. 

The  Chairman.  We  will  have  the  whole  lease  in  evidence. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  agreed  in  this  lease  to  endeavor  to  obtain  for 
the  Tala  estate  adequate  police  protection.  It  was  agreed  in  this  lease 
to  secure  all  possible  assistance  from  the  Government  for  the  con- 
struction of  highways  and  bridges  on  and  to  the  lands  of  said  estate. 
In  other  words,  the  Philippine  government  in  this  lease  agreed  to 
build  wagon  roads  and  bridges  to  and  upon  the  private  land  of  Mr. 
Carpenter. 

^  These  are  some  of  the  things  to  which  I  have  called  your  atten- 
tion that  appear  on  the  face  of  this  lease. 

The  evidence  will  show  next  and  will  show  by  the  statement  of 
Mr.  Worcester  at  page.  104  of  this  report  that — 

no  sooner  had  Mr.  Carpenter  rented  a  part  of  the  unoccupied  lands  of  this 
estate  than  numerous  Filipino  would-be  tenants  of  such  land  sprang  up.  Mr. 
Carpenter  very  kindly  waived  in  their  favor  his  right  to  rent  all  the  unoccu- 
pied land,  and  every  applicant  was  allowed  to  acquire  such  amount  of  it  as  he 
wished.    In  this  way  Mr.  Carpenter  gave  up  his  right  to  rent  8,958  acres. 

I  wish  right  on  that  statement  there  to  say  there  is  presented  to 
this  committee  the  square  issue  whether  this  estate  was  purchased  to 
be  sold  to  an  official  of  the  Philippine  government  or  to  the  Filipino 
people  to  make  homes  upon.  So  far  as  I  am  concerned,  I  would  be 
willing  to  rest  mj  case  against  the  disposition  of  the  Tala  estate  upon 
that  single  admission  made  by  the  Philippine  secretary  of  the  in- 
terior. I  say  in  the  face  of  this  admission  that  sale  was  absolutely 
unnecessary  and  indefensible. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Let  me  ask  there,  in  leasing  or  selling  a  portion  of  his 
rights,  did  he  sell  them  or  lease  them  at  the  same  figures  he  was 
paying? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  53 

Mr.  Martin.  If  he  were  to  sublease  or  sell? 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Yes. 

Mr.  RucKER.  The  report  shows  he  was  to  sell  at  the  same  rate 
he  paid. 

Mr.  Martin.  Not  at  the  same  rate  he  paid,  but  at  the  rate  pre- 
vailing on  the  estate — not  necessarily  the  rate  to  him,  but  the  rate 
prevailing  on  the  estate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  relation  to  his  waiving  his  right  under  his 
lease  to  a  certain  8,000  acres  of  land  in  favor  of  the  Filipinos,  he 
waived  his  right  under  the  lease,  and  the  Filipinos  made  leases  and 
took  possession  of  and  occupied  the  8,000  acres  on  the  same  terms  that 
Mr.  Carpenter  got  his  land.  They  were  simply  turned  over  to 
them,  and  he  made  no  profit  on  them.  There  was  no  margin  or 
bonus  to  him. 

Mr.  RucKER.  That  is  what  I  understand. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  He  made  nothing,  but  simply  turned  them  over. 
When  they  wanted  a  piece  of  land  he  waived  his  right  and  they 
took  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  At  the  rate  applicable  to  other  tracts,  for  which 
leases  have  been  executed,  as  provided  in  the  first  clause  of  this 
agreement. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  What  page  is  that  on  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  the  provision  that  Mr.  Carpenter  would  be 
required,  upon  notice  that  there  were  intended  lessors  or  purchasers, 
to  himself  purchase  at  the  rate  applicable  to  other  tracts  for  which 
leases  have  been  executed.  That  is  in  the  second  paragraph  of  the 
agreement  on  page  102.     I  do  not  have  in  mind  what  the  provision  is. 

Mr.  Graham.  If  you  will  turn  to  page  105,  you  will  see  the  state- 
ment there  that  the  Filipino  lessees  refused  to  accept  the  conditions 
as  to  rental  imposed  on  Mr.  Carpenter,  rightly  believing  Cat  the  rate 
of  20  cents  gold,  per  acre,  without  any  obligation  to  cultivate,  was 
much  more  favorable  than  the  rate  given  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Martin.  Maybe  the  Filipinos  did  not  know  Mr.  Carpenter  did 
not  have  to  cultivate  under  his  lease.  They  may  be  under  the  mis- 
taken impression  there  were  obligations  of  this  character  imposed 
upon  Mr.  Carpenter  by  his  lease. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  take  the  position,  as  a  legal  proposition,  if 
there  is  no  provision  for  forfeiture  in  the  lease,  that  then  the  person 
can  with  impunity  violate  the  terms  of  the  lease  and  there  is  no 
remedy  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  I  would  not  take  that  position,  but  I  should  think 
a  lease  of  this  character,  executed  by  one  official  of  the  Government 
to  another,  ought  to  have  had  clearly  defined  forfeitures  in  it,  not 
only  with  reference  to  the  matters  expressed  in  here,  but  rental  and 
every  other  matter  concerning  which  it  was  desired  to  make  this  con- 
tract revocable  by  the  act  of  the  lessor.  They  might  have  gone  into 
court  and  enforced  a  forfeiture  of  this  lease. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  have  only  15  minutes  more.  I  suggest  none  of 
us,  Mr.  Chairman,  interrupt  Mr.  Martin,  and  that  he  be  given  an 
opportunity  to  go  ahead. 

The  Chairman.  The  committee,  I  think,  had  better  sit  right  on. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  suggest  that  none  of  us  interrupt  him. 

The  Chairman.  I  believe  we  had  better  sit  beyond  12  o'clock,  gen- 
tlemen. 


54  ADMINISTRATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  notice  they  use  the  language  here — and  I  will  call 
the  committee's  attention  to  that  while  it  is  in  my  mind.  They  use 
the  language  in  this  explanation  on  page  104  of  Worcester's  report : 
"  Numerous  Filipino  would-be  tenants  of  such  lands." 

That  expression  is  used  elsewhere  with  reference  to  that.  My  un- 
derstanding of  a  "  would-be  tenant "  is  a  man  who  pretends  he  wants 
something  that  he  does  not  want.  I  believe  that  is  the  usual  and 
common  acceptation  of  that  term. 

The  Chairman.  A  "  would-be  tenant "  would  signify  a  tenant  who 
wanted  to  be  a  tenant  if  he  could. 

Mr.  Martin.  There  have  been  various  reports  about  what  the  Tala 
estate  contains.  It  is  given  in*  this  report  in  one  place  as  containing 
17,480  acres.  Mr.  Carpenter  got  5,000  acres  of  it.  It  is  then  ad- 
mitted that  he  relinquished  his  so-called  rights  to  8,958  acres  more. 

Mr.  Worcester's  report,  at  page  97,  makes  the  statement  that  sales 
began  on  this  estate  June  21,  1910.  The  first  sale  of  a  tract  of  land, 
I  take  it  from  that  showing,  was  made  June  21,  1910,  and  it  is  showri 
on  page  94  of  this  report  that  from  that  day,  June  21,  1910,  until 
July  1,  1910,  a  period  of  only  10  days,  they*^sold  11,974.38  acres  of 
land  of  that  estate.  That  is  to  say,  after  that  estate  had  lain  there 
without  a  single  sale  for  5|  years,  within  10  days  after  June  21, 
1910,  they  sold  11,954  acres,  or  approximately  two-thirds  of  the 
entire  estate,  suggesting  the  idea  that  if  Mr.  Carpenter  would  re- 
linquish his  5,000  acres  they  might  have  gotten  rid  of  that  by 
this  time,  and  I  think  they  would  have  done  so.  They  were  evi- 
dently doing  a  sale  business  there.  There  were  about  800  transac- 
tions* involved,  I  believe,  in  the  sale  of  this  12,000  acres,  in  round 
numbers,  of  land.  I  believe  there  were  something  like  800  con- 
veyances involved  in  that  sale,  so  that  the  Land  Bureau  of  the 
Interior  Department  over  there  must  have  been  pretty  busy  in 
those  10  days  to  set  out  the  vast  number  of  conveyances  involved  in 
the  sale  of  so  much  land  to  so  many  purchasers. 

I  believe  that  is  the  end  of  my  reference  to  that  estate  at  this  time, 
except  to  say  that  while  it  is  made  to  appear  in  Mr.  Worcester's  re- 
port that  this  estate  was  a  very  poor  proposition,  very  poor  land,  yet 
the  fact  remains  that  this  estate  is  now  completely  tenanted  by  owners 
under  the  law,  practically  every  acre  of  it.  Twelve  thousand  acres 
were  sold  in  those  10  days,  and  Mr.  Carpenter  had  5,000,  which  would 
make  17,000;  but,  be  the  actual  figures  as  they  may,  the  report  shows 
that  this  estate  has  been  disposed  of  to  purchasers,  to  Filipino  tenants, 
with  the  exception  of  that  part  of  it  which  has  gone  to  Mr.  Carpenter. 

The  next  thing  to  which  I  shall  refer  is  the  matter  of  agencies  in 
the  negotiations  involved  in  this  matter,  and  I  shall  confine  that  to 
the  San  Jose  estate  practically. 

I  have  referred  to  some  of  the  other  agencies  there,  the  men  who 
acted  as  agents  for  different  purchasers  and  interests  which  were 
getting  hold  of  these  estates. 

I  consider  the  question  of  agency  of  negotiation  with  reference  to 
the  San  Jose  estate  as  a  matter  of  some  significance  and  importance 
in  this  investigation. 

It  will  be  shown  by  the  evidence  that  the  statements  emanating 
from  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  about  this  matter,  which  were 
in  the  possession  of  the  gentleman  from  Pennsylvania,  Mr.  Olmsted, 
dated  January  28  and  March  24,  show  the  persons  by  whom  these 


ADMINISTRATTOISI    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  55 

negotiations  were  carried  on,  the  attorneys  for  the  parties,  and  so 
forth,  not  to  have  been  mentioned,  any  more  than  the  purchasers  were 
mentioned,  except  that  there  was  a  reference  in  these  letters  to  the 
attorney  in  one  of  them,  the  attorney  for  the  proposed  purchaser. 
That  Avas  the  letter  of  January  28.  There  was  then  a  reference  to 
"  the  very  able  attorney  of  the  investor,"  which  appeared  in  the  letter 
of  March  24,  and  upon  whose  opinion  partially  the  validity  of  this 
sale  is  based  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs.  I  wish  to  say  in  this 
connection  that  the  "  very  able  opinion  of  the  attorney  for  the  in- 
vestors "  has  never  been  produced,  although  called  for  specifically. 
It  has^  never  been  produced  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  and 
they  did  not  seem  to  be  able  to  say  whether  it  was  an  oral  or  a  written 
opinion. 

I  think  this  committee  ought  to  have  "  the  very  able  opinion  of  the 
attorney  for  the  investor  "  for  these  purchasers  to  the  effect  that  it 
was  a  valid  transaction. 

However,  the  evidence  will  show  that  Gen.  Edwards's  letter  of 
April  11,  1910,  which  is  the  third  letter  in  explanation  of  this  sale, 
and  as  the  same  appears  in  the  Congressional  Record  of  April  14, 
page  4835,  has  a  footnote  in  which  mention  is  made  of  Mr.  Hammond 
as  having  appeared  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  on  September  3, 
and  further  mention  is  made  of  the  fact  that  Mr.  Hammond's  clients 
were  referred  to  him  by  a  Mr.  Johnson,  of  Pittsburg  or  Philadelphia. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  Mr.  Hammond  is  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Strong  &  Cadwallader,  of  New  York  City,  of  which  firm  PTenr}^  W. 
Taft  is  now  the  principal  member  and  of  which  firm  Attorney  Gen- 
eral Wickersham  was  a  member  at  the  time  of  his  elevation  to  the 
Cabinet;  while  Mr.  Johnson  is  attorney  of  record  for  the  Standard 
Oil  Company  in  the  dissolution  suit  now  pending  in  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States,  and  was  also  attorney  in  certain  litigation 
to  which  I  shall  shortly  refer. 

Mr.  Graham.  He  is  from  Philadelphia. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  meant  that  he  was  reported  as  from  one  of  those 
two  places;  but,  as  I  understand,  he  is  from  Philadelphia. 

The  Chairman.  Does  the  fact  that  a  lawyer  who  may  have  ap- 
peared here,  tried  this  or  that  lawsuit,  or  is  connected  with  this  or 
that  law  firm  affect  the  law  or  the  committee  as  it  feels  called  upon 
to  construe  the  law? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  think  that  it  is  necessary  to  a  full  appreciation  of 
the  situation  that  this  committee  have  these  facts.  Of  course,  what 
the  committee  may  see  fit  to  do  with  them  I  can  not  determine,  but  I 
think  they  ought  to  have  them. 

Finally,  the  name  of  Mr.  De  Gersdorff,  of  the  law  firm  of  Cravath, 
Henderson  &  De  Gersdorff,  of  New  York  City,  appeared  at  the  final 
consummation  of  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate. 

The  evidence  will  show — and  by  evidence  I  mean  the  record  which 
they  have  made  in  this  case,  and  I  have  attached  the  matter  to  which 
I  refer  and  will  offer  it  when  the  committee  wishes  to  hear  from  me — 
that  Mr.  De  Gersdorff  never  rendered  any  service. 
^  Mr.  De  Gersdorff  never  rendered  any  service  in  these  negotia- 
tions, except  that  he  brought  to  the  Interior  Department,  on  Novem- 
ber 23,  1909,  certain  data  or  memoranda  which  had  been  secured  by 
Mr.  Hammond's  firm  from  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  and  between 
whom  and  the  bureau  a  number  of  letters  were  exchanged  with  refer* 


56  ADMINISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

ence  to  this  matter,  and  that  the  bringing  of  this  memoranda  to  the 
Interior  Department  on  November  23  was  all  the  service  that  he 
rendered  in  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estates. 

I  shall  undertake  to  show,  in  the  concluding  portion  of  my  presen- 
tation, in  dealing  with  the  character  of  record  which  has  been  made 
by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  and  its  various  explanations  of  this 
matter,  that  at  that  time  the  transaction  was  consummated;  so  my 
contention  shall  be  that  Mr.  De  Gersdorff,  on  the  face  of  the  record, 
rendered  no  service  and  had  nothing  to  do  practically  with  this  trans- 
action, but  that  negotiations  were  begun  and  substantially  carried  on 
by  the  firm  in  which  they  originated,  which  was  the  firm  of  Strong  & 
Cadwallader. 

Mr.  Paksons.  The  testimony  of  those  two  gentlemen,  Mr.  De  Gers- 
dorff and  Mr.  Hammond,  will  show  the  facts,  will  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  can  only  answer  the  gentleman  by  saying  I  will 
have  to  depend  on  the  showing  of  the^facts  which  they  see  fit  to 
make.    All  the  witnesses  I  have  subpoenaed  are  hostile  witnesses. 

Mr.  Douglas.  If  their  testimony  disagrees  with  your  theory,  they 
probably  will  not  show  the  facts. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  show  the  facts  as  the  record  has  been  made,  and 
that  is  as  far  as  I  am  able  to  go  under  the  circumstances. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  intend  to  say  now  that  reputable  members 
of  the  New  York  bar  will  not  testify  truly  when  they  come  before  this 
committee  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No;  I  will  not  say  that.  I  can,  however,  direct  the 
gentleman's  attention  to  a  recent  investigation  here  in  Washington 
and  the  difficulties  had  in  eliciting  information  from  very  reputable 
gentlemen,  just  as  reputable  as  any  of  the  members  of  the  New  York 
bar.  I  think  every  member  of  this  committee  is  conversant,  more 
or  less,  with  the  matters  to  which  I  refer.  I  want  the  gentleman  to 
appreciate  that,  notwithstanding  the  tremendous  influences  and  pow- 
ers behind  that  investigation,  the  difficulties  they  had  in  securing  the 
facts  ought  to  suggest  to  him  the  decided  disadvantages  under  which 
I  am  laboring  in  this  direction. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  have  known  Mr.  De  Gersdorff  and  Mr.  Hammond 
for  25  years,  and  I  say  they  will  testify  truly  before  this  committee. 
^  Mr.  Martin.  With  reference  to  the  agencies  by  which  this  transac- 
tion was  carried  on,  I  have  already  mentioned  the  law  firm. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  at  the  time  Mr.  Wickersham  was  a 
member  of  this  law  firm  it  was  of  counsel  for  the  American  Sugar 
Kefining  Company  in  the  two  largest  pieces  of  litigation  in  which  it 
was  ever  engaged,  to  wit,  suits  aggregating  damages  in  the  sum  of 
$30,000,000  for  the  alleged  wrecking  of  the  Pennsylvania  Sugar 
Refining  Company. 

The  evidence  will  also  show  that  when  this  suggestion  was  first 
thrown  out  against  Mr.  Wickersham,  he  sent  a  letter  to  Congress, 
addressed  to  the  Hon.  William  S.  Bennet,  of  New  York,  which  ap- 
pears in  the  Congressional  Record,  in  which  he  stated  he  had  never 
been  attorney  for  the  Sugar  Trust,  but  that  his  partner  had  been  in 
one  case  some  three  years  ago,  not  naming  his  partner,  which,  as  I 
will  show,  it  developed  wjjis  Mr.  Henry  W.  Taft,  and  a  further  de- 
velopment that  it  was  not  three  years  ago,  but  that  that  litigation  was 
pending  and  unfinished  at  the  time  Mr.  Wickersham  went  into  the 
President's  Cabinet ;  that  up  to  that  time  the  American  Sugar  Ke- 


ADMTNISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  57 

fining  Company  of  the  Sugar  Trust  had  paid  into  that  law  firm  the 
sum  of  $27,000  in  fees,  of  which  Mr.  Wickersham  received  his  share 
in  the  division  of  the  firm  fees  at  the  time  he  went  out  of  the  office 
and  into  the  Cabinet  of  the  President  as  Attorney  General. 

Among  the  defendants  in  that  litigation,  the  evidence  will  show, 
which  Mr.  Wickersham's  firm  represented,  Horace  Havemeyer  was 
a  personal  defendant.  It  Avas  not  only  against  the  Sugar  Trust,  but 
against  directors,  and  Horace  Havemeyer  was  named  personally  as 
a  defendant  in  these  suits.  This  law  firm  was  not  only  the  attorney 
for  the  company,  but  the  attorney  for  the  individual  directors.  Of 
course  they  were  all  joined.  This  law  firm  and  Mr.  Johnson,  of 
Philadelphia,-  Avere  associated  together  in  the  defense  of  those  cases, 
and  yet  in  the  face  of  that  fact  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  makes 
a  representation  to  Congress  that  the  law  firm  of  Mr.  Taft  and 
Mr.  Wickersham  required  a  recommendation  or  an  introduction  from 
Mr.  Johnson  to  Horace  Havemeyer,  who  was  presumably  somewhat 
known  to  his  own  attorneys. 

It  was  further  stated  in  this  letter  of  Gen.  Edwards,  dated  April 
11,  appearing  in  the  Congressional  Record  of  April  14,  and  in  a 
letter  from  Mr.  Hammond  to  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  that  this 
firm  considered  that  discretionary  action  was  involved  in  this  matter, 
which  discretionary  action  raised  the  doubt  in  their  minds  as  to  the 
propriety  of  that  firm  remaining  in  this  transaction. 

But  in  addition  to  those  matters  the  evidence  will  show  that  on 
June  27  there  was  printed  in  the  Congressional  Record,  two  days  after 
Congress  adjourned,  so  this  is  posthumous  record,  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Henry  W.  Taft  to  William  S.  Bennet  about  this  transaction  and  the 
charges  involving  his  firm,  in  which  reference  was  made  to  the  fact 
that  Mr.  Hammond  had  asked  him  if  there  was  any  objection  to 
his  appearing  as  attorney  before  the  Government  to  purchase  these 
lands,  and  Mr.  Taft  replied  that  he  saw  no  harm  in  it  if  it  did  not 
involve  securing  from  the  Government  any  action  resting  in  discre- 
tion. The  letter  then  goes  on  to  say  that  some  five  letters  were  written 
to  the  department  by  Mr.  Hammond,  in  addition  to  his  personal  visit, 
the  securing  of  a  large  number  of  documents,  which  included  the 
laws  bearing  on  the  friar  lands,  and  so  forth,  and  then  Mr.  Taft 
goes  on  to  say :  "  That  the  time  arrived  when  Mr.  Hammond  thought 
we  ought  to  retire  from  the  matter,  lest  our  connection  with  it  would 
be  misconstrued." 

In  other  w^ords,  that  is  evidence  going  to  show,  in  the  minds  of 
this  very  able  firm,  a  conviction,  which  resulted  from  a  long,  ex- 
haustive, and  thorough  examination  of  the  law  and  consultations 
with  the  Insular  Bureau,  that  discretion  was  involved  in  the  sale  of 
this  estate,  Avherefore  they  ostensibly  withdrew  from  the  negotiations. 

I  still  maintain,  in  the  face  of  the  record,  they  did  not  withdraw; 
that  they  simply  brought  in  Mr.  De  Gersdorft'  as  an  agent  in  the 
matter,  gave  him  all  the  information  which  they  possessed,  and  he 
came  over  here  and  delivered  that  memoranda  at  a  time  when  the 
transaction  was  consummated. 

I  say,  when  the  committee  calls  for  me  to  present  these  letters  and 
other  matters  of  record  going  to  show  that,  so  far  as  tlie  face  of  the 
record  is«^  concerned — and  I  only  have  to  work  upon  records  fur- 
nished me  from  time  to  time — that  the  facts  are  as  I  have  stated 
them.  In  other  words,  the  evidence  will  show  that  these  negotia- 
82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 3 


58  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

tions  were  begun  and  carried  on  by  the  law  firm  of  which  Mr.  Wick- 
ersham  was  a  member  until  he  went  into  the  Cabinet  and  of  which 
his  brother  is  now  the  leading  member,  and  were  carried  on  with  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  with  which  branch  of  the  Government 
they  were  very  well  acquainted  and  had  had  former  dealings,  and 
were  carried  on  for,  among  others,  a  director  of  the  Sugar  Trust, 
against  whom  the  Department  of  Justice,  of  which  Mr.  Wickersham 
is  the  head,  and  which  was  to  render  the  final  word  as  to  the  law  in 
this  case,  was  then  seeking  to  return  criminal  indictments. 

I  have  referred  to  the  character  of  the  record  made  in  this  case. 
By  the  way,  if  the  committee  will  pardon  me — I  am  not  very  well 
supplied  with  secretaries  and  assistants,  and  I  might  overlook  a 
matter  once  in  a  while — I  have  now  overlooked  the  matter  of  the 
lease  to  Mr.  Worcester. 

Mr.  Paksons.  What  Mr.  Worcester? 

Mr.  Martin.  Just  a  moment.  I  believe  it  is  E.  L.  Worcester.  He 
is  a  nephew  of  the  Philippine  secretary  of  the  interior,  Mr.  Dean  C. 
Worcester. 

This  was  a  lease  of  public  lands.  There  seems  to  have  been  some 
impression  in  the  minds  of  some  of  the  gentlemen  that  I  made  a  state- 
ment in  one  place  which  could  be  construed  as  meaning  that  he 
had  gotten  friar  lands.  I  am  not  just  able  to  say  how  such  an  im- 
pression could  have  been  conveyed.  It  was  not  intended,  as  I  under- 
stood at  all  times  and  do  now,  that  it  was  public  lands. 

This  tract  of  land,  as  the  recoixi  shows,  the  lease  of  which  had  to  be 
approved  by  the  Secretary,  was  leased  for  the  maximum  period 
allowed  under  the  law,  which  is  25  years,  for  the  minimum  rental 
allowed  under  the  law,  which,  I  believe,  is  20  cents  an  acre.  If  that 
is  not  correct,  I  will  correct  it.  It  is  20  cents  per  acre,  but  I  do  not 
know  whether  that  is  20  cents  in  Philippine  currency  or  American. 

It  is  not  denied  that  this  land  was  leased  to  Mr.  Worcester,  any 
more  than  a  sale  to  Mr.  Carpenter  of  the  Tala  estate  is  denied.  The 
mere  fact  of  the  disposition  of  the  land  in  either  case  is  not  in  issue. 
I  should  like  to  see  exhibited  before  this  committee  the  lease  to  Mr. 
Worcester.  I  should  like  to  see  it  exhibited  in  comparison  with 
other  leases  of  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  so  that  the 
committee  may  determine  whether  that  lease  contains  such  discrimi- 
nations in  favor  of  the  lessee  as  the  Carpenter  instrument.  It  is  not 
in  the  report  here,  but  those  gentlemen  probably  have  copies  of  all 
documents  and  instruments  with  them  and  can  furnish  it  to  rhe 
committee. 

It  is  stated  in  their  report,  as  I  notice,  that  this  was  very  poor  land, 
sterile  and  unproductive,  wild  and  uncultivated,  and  all  that  sort  of 
thing — practically  the  same  statements  as  were  made  with  reference 
to  the  Tala  estate—putting  this  gentleman  in  the  light  of  having 
picked  out  as  a  public  philanthropist  very  poor  land  upon  which  to 
spend  time  and  money. 

I  am  informed— in  fact,  I  get  my  information  from  the  Philippine 
Gazeteer,  compiled  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs — that  this  land 
is  located  in  a  very  fertile  valley,  close  to  a  large  river,  a  highway  and 
a  telegraph  line,  running  streams;  that  it  is  land  good  for  the  pro- 
duction of  sugar  and  a  nun  Ijer  of  other  crops,  and  with  reference  to 
that  feature  I  could  hardly  impeach  Mr.  Worcester's  business  ability 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  59 

and  good  judgment  by  charging  that  he  would  go  away  off  down  in 
the  country  somewhere  and  pick  out  2,500  acres  of  very  poor  land  to 
put  in  the  next  25  years  improving. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  page  of  the  Philippine  Gazeteer  does  that 
appear  on? 

Mr.  Martin.  That  will  be  found  in  a  description  of  the  Province 
of  Nuava  Ecija,  page  703,  Pronouncing  Gazeteer  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  published  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  in  1902. 

I  do  not  see  how  it  can  be  contended  that  such  a  lease  as  that  can  be 
construed  as  conserving  the  best  interests  of  the  lands  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands.  It  was  plainly  taking  advantage  of  the  extreme  letter 
of  the  laAv  to  give  the  best  possible  terms  to  a  lessee  who  was  in  very 
close  relation  to  the  official  whose  assent  was  necessary  to  the  execu- 
tion of  the  lease. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  not  due  to  him  to  say  he  was  very  careful  with 
reference  to  the  matter,  and  referred  it  to  the  Governor  General  him- 
self, and  it  was  made  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Inspector  of 
Lands,  Mr.  Clute,  which  is  found  upon  p^^ge  110  of  their  report,  and 
that  the  whole  thing  was  done  with  exceeding  care  and  regard  for  the 
proprieties  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  matter  was  referred,  as  well  as  the  matter  of  the 
Tala  estate,  and  if  you  are  going  upon  the  theory  that  what  one  of 
these  gentlemen,  who  is  at  the  head  of  the  Philippine  Government, 
was  permitted  to  do  by  the  three  or  four  others  who  were  in  the  same 
position,  justifies  it  and  makes  it  lawful 

Mr.  Douglas  (interposing).  I  am  not  going  on  any  theory  except 
this,  that  the  fact  that  E.  L.  Worcester  was  a  nephew  of  Dean  C. 
Worcester  should  not  exclude  him  from  making  a  public,  open, 
carefully  considered  lease  of  land  in  the  country  where  he  chooses 
to  reside.    That  is  all. 

Mr.  Martin.  If  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester  had  been  at  the  head  of  the 
Department  of  the  Interior  of  the  United  States  he  would  not  have 
done  that.    That  is  all  I  have  to  say. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  could  he  have  avoided  doing  it?  Would  not 
his  nephew  have  a  right  under  the  public  laws  to  lease  this  land? 

Mr.  Martin.  It  does  not  appear,  so  far  as  I  can  find,  that  they  have 
ever  leased  over  8,000  acres  of  this  public  land.  That  is  all  the  report 
shows  that  they  have  ever  leased,  about  8,000  acres.  And  yet  2,600 
acres  of  that  went  to  this  person,  and  went  under  the  conditions 
that  I  have  named,  and  I  consider  that  transaction  as  at  least  not  in 
harmony  with  sound  official  ethics,  as  we  understand  them  nowa- 
days— certainly  a  practice  that  would  be  frowned  upon  in  this  coun- 
try. I  was  afraid  even  to  buy  20  acres  of  land  under  the  proposed 
Grand  Valley  high  line  ditch  in  the  State  of  Colorado,  because  it 
was  suggested  to  me  that,  as  a  Member  of  Congress,  I  would  have 
to  vote  to  buy  an  irrigating  system  at  the  expense  of  the  Government 
on  that  land,  and  would  therefore  be  a  beneficiary  of  my  own  action. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Would  you  have  considered  it  improper  if  your 
nephew  had  done  that? 

Mr.  Martin.  If  I  was  at  the  head  of  the  Department  of  the  In- 
terior he  would  not  lease  it. 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  could  you  prevent  it,  if  he  complied  with  the 
law? 


60  ADMIlsriSTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  He  would  have  to  go  into  court  to  get  an  order  of 
court  for  me  to  enter  into  any  agreement  like  that  entered  into  in 
this  case. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  could  prevent  Mr.  Worcester's  nephew,  under 
the  law,  from  leasing  this  land? 

Mr.  Martin.  There  does  not  appear  to  have  been  anything  to  pre- 
vent it  in  the  Philippines,  or  anything  else,  in  the  way  of  disposing 
of  lands  there  that  they  see  fit  to  take. 

As  I  say,  in  connection  w^ith  that  transaction  we  can  determine 
somewiiat  further  about  it  after  we  see  the  character  of  lease  which 
was  made  in  that  case  and  which  is  now  not  in  evidence. 

Does  the  committee  wish  to  continue  ?    It  is  after  12  o'clock. 

Mr.  DouGi^s.  About  how  long  will  it  take  you  to  finish? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  think  I  could  finish  in  an  hour,  but  I  think  I  ought 
to  have  an  hour  to  finish  in. 

The  Chairman.  You  have  already  consumed  some  four  and  one- 
half  hours.  You  were  interrupted  by  members  of  the  committee,  of 
course.    We  would  like  to  get  to  the  examination  of  witnesses. 

Mr.  Martin.  There  has  not  been  actually  consumed  in  hearing, 
including  conversation  of  the  members,  over  three  hours  of  time. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  move  that  Mr.  Martin  be  given  one  hour,  and  that 
his  statement  close  at  the  end  of  an  hour. 

Mr.  Garrett.  That  should  depend  upon  how  much  he  is  inter- 
rupted.   I  am  in  favor  of  letting  him  make  a  complete  statement. 

Mr.  Madison.  Let  us  concede  the  hour  and  not  interrupt  him.  He 
has  fixed  *his  own  limitation. 

The  Chairman.  Very  well. 

Mr.  MAR^riN.  I  am  not  indulging  in  this  as  a  pleasure,  gentlemen, 
not  by  any  means.    This  is  a  case  of  necessity. 

The  last  section  of  the  presentation  deals  somewhat  with  the  char- 
acter of  record  made  by  officials  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs, 
and  others,  which  will  enable  the  committee  to  see  the  development 
of  this  matter  just  as  I  have  developed  it. 

I  have  heretofore  characterized  and  now  characterize  this  record 
.as  replete  w4th  admissions  and  with  material  contradictions  and 
misstatements.  There  have  been  three  explanations  of  this  matter 
put  into  the  Congressional  Record,  in  addition  to  a  vast  number  of 
reports,  and  so  forth — three  letters  of  explanation  by  Gen.  Edwards, 
the  dates  of  which  have  been  given  as  January  28,  March  24,  and 
April  11.  The  one  of  April  11  is  an  answer  to  a  general  resolution 
of  inquiry  for  all  the  information  in  the  possession  of  the  War  De- 
partment with  reference  to  the  friar  lands  and  the  sale,  leasing,  or 
other  disposition  of  them,  besides  some  other  information. 

In  his  letter  of  January  28,  Gen.  Edwards  made  the  statement  that 
the  first  information  he  or  his  bureau  had  of  this  sale  was  through 
the  public  press  dispatches.  The  first  of  those  dispatches  that  came 
to  my  attention  appeared  in  the  Chicago  Tribune  on  December  7, 
1909,  dated  Manila,  December  6.  I  will  introduce  these  dispatches  in 
evidence,  if  they  are  called  for  by  the  committee,  or  I  shall  request 
permission  to  introduce  them  myself  at  the  proper  time. 

This  cablegram  stated  that  E.  L.  Powell,  of  Habana,  Cuba,  had 
closed  a  deal  with  the  Philippine  Government  for  the  purchase  of 
the  San  Jose  estate,  and  so  forth. 


ABMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  61 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  you  said  that  the  first  of  these  dispatches 
came  "  to  my  attention,"  were  you  quoting  from  Gen.  Edwards's 
letter  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  No  ;  my  own  attention  was  called  to  it  then. 

I  believe  he  refers  to  another  dispatch  appearing  in  the  Washing- 
ton Star  on  the  evening  of  November  22,  1909,  which  contained  the 
flat  statement  that  the  Sugar  Trust  had  bought  the  San  Jose  estate. 
That  dispatch  was  called'^to  Mr.  De  Gersdorff's  attention  when  he 
called  the  next  day  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  November  23, 
with  the  memorandum  and  other  information  furnished  him  by  Mr. 
Hammond,  and  Gen.  Edwards  attributes  to  him  the  remark  that  he 
supposed  that  was  his  client — and  it  was  his  client  who  had  bought 
this  estate. 

To  refute  the  statement  that  this  was  the  first  information  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  had  about  this  sale,  I  will  show  by  the 
records  the  call  of  Mr.  Hammond  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs 
on  the  3d  of  September  preceding,  to  begin  negotiations  for  the 
purchase  of  this  identical  estate.  I  shall  show  a  reference  to  it  in 
Maj.  Mclntyre's  letter  to  Mr.  Hammond  of  September  4,  1909.  I 
shall  show  it  by  a  letter  from  Gen.  Edwards  to  Gov.  Forbes  on 
September  27,  1910. 

In  connection  with  that  letter  of  Gen.  Edwards  of  September  27, 
1909,  I  shall  show  that  in  his  letter  of  April  11,  1910,  he  makes  the 
statement  that  the  question  of  the  friar  lands,  or  the  purchase  of  any 
estate,  was  not  discussed  when  Mr.  Hammond  called  on  September  3. 
Yet  a  subsequent  resolution  of  inquiry  brought  out  the  fact  that  on 
September  27  preceding  he  had  written  to  Gov.  Forbes  at  Manila 
that  a  representative  of  one  of  the  best  law  firms  of  New  York  City 
had  called  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  for  the  purpose  of  pur- 
chasing the  San  Jose  estate  in  Mindoro. 

In  addition  to  that  the  record  contains  a  cable  from  Gov.  Forbes, 
on  October  22,  1910,  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  stating  that  Prentiss 
and  Poole  had  called  there  for  the  purpose  oi  purchasing  this  San 
Jose  estate,  and  stating  that  they  had  been  informed  in  the  Bureau 
of  Insular  Affairs  that  the  estates  were  not  for  sale. 

I  shall  also  introduce  Gen.  Edwards's  reply  to  that  cablegram,  stat- 
ing that  it  was  thoroughly  understood  here  that  unoccupied  friar 
lands  might  be  sold  to  individuals  without  limitation  as  to  area. 

In  this  connection  I  will  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  in  the 
hearings  we  have  had  I  set  out  in  the  record  a  mmiber  of  documents 
going  to  show  that  the  contention  did  exist  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular 
Affairs  that  the  limitations  applied  to  the  lands,  and  the  lands  could 
not  be  sold.  So  I  introduce  this  cablegram  now,  among  these  other 
documents  to  which  I  am  referring,  for  the  purpose  of  showing 
knowledge  on  the  part  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  that  this 
transaction  was  in  progress. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  is  the  date  of  that? 

Mr.  Martin.  October  22.  Both  of  these  last-mentioned  cable- 
grams are  on  page  4835  of  the  Congressional  Eecord  of  April  14. 

I  understand  the  War  Department  has  daily  cables  from  Manila. 
It  has  jurisdiction  of  that  government  and  its  affairs;  all  officials 
must  report  to  the  War  Department,  which  is  within  the  specific 
jurisdiction  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  and  there  is  an  abun- 
dance of  evidence  in  the  record  to  show  that  Gen.  Edwards  had  knowl- 


62  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

edge  of  this  transaction  prior  to  the  time  any  publication  appeared  in 
the  newspapers.  Indeed,  I  may  say  that  it  would  be  a  reflection  upon 
the  War  Department  and  its  method  of  doing  business  to  say  that  it 
was  at  all  dependent  upon  newspaper  reports  for  information  as  to 
what  was  going  on  within  its  jurisdiction.  I  have  here  the  various 
documents  referred  to  as  going  to  show  this  knowledge  on  the  part 
of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs.  I  have  already  called  your  atten- 
tion to  the  manner  in  which — to  express  it  mildly — the  Bureau  of 
Insular  Affairs  failed  to  give  out  information  about  who  the  pur- 
chasers were,  after  the  representations  that  it  had  been  sold  to  an 
individual,  w^hich  was  carried  on  also  to  a  certain  extent  with  refer- 
ence to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

The  evidence  will  show  that  the  fact  about  that  company  was 
brought  out  by  a  member  of  this  committee,  Mr.  Garrett,  who  asked 
officials  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  about  this  company  at  a 
committee  hearing  on  April  11  last.  The  evidence  will  show  thej  re- 
plied they  never  heard  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  until  they 
read  my  speech,  whereupon  they  had  cabled  to  Manila. 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  You  say  "  they  ";  to  whom  do  you  refer? 

Mr.  Martin.  \ATiereupon  Gen.  Edwards  cabled  to  Manila  to  ascer- 
tain whether  such  a  company  had  been  organized  and  chartered  to 
do  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  reply  of  the  bureau 
officials  was  that  they  had  received  an  answer  to  their  cablegram 
indicating  that  the  company  had  been  organized  and  probably  Avould 
be  authorized  to  do  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  whereupon, 
by  a  specific  resolution,  I  called  for  these  cablegrams,  which  I  shall 
offer  in  evidence  when  called  upon,  showing  that  at  the  time  they 
made  this  statement  indicating  that  this  company  had  been  organ- 
ized, and  probably  Avould  be  authorized  to  do  business  in  the  Phil- 
ippine Islands,  they  had  a  cablegram  showing  it  had  been  actually 
organized  and  authorized  to  do  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  had  had  that  cablegram  for  four  days  at  the  time  this  statement 
was  made  to  the  committee. 

Mr.  EucKER.  Who  was  it  made  that  statement? 

Mr.  Martin.  Col.  Mclntyre  made  the  statement,  after  another 
reply  from  Gen.  Edwards,  in  Gen.  Edwards's  presence. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  did  you  say  that  was,  April  11  ? 

Mr.  EucKER.  The  11th. 

Mr.  Martin.  April  11.  The  proceedings  w^ere  published  on  April 
12,  1910 ;  the  admission  as  to  who  were  the  real  purchasers,  in  the 
language  of  Col.  Mclntyre,  who  put  up  the  money,  is  to  be  found 
on  page  33  of  the  printed  report  of  the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 
dated  Tuesday,  April  12,  1910,  and  the  statement  about  the  Min- 
doro Development  Co.  appears  on  page  34  of  the  same  printed 
hearing. 

The  next  thing  I  wish  to  show  is  the  anticipation  of  the  opinion  in 
this  case,  which  may  also  go  partially  as  to  what  Mr.  De  Gersdorff 
did  or  did  not  do  in  bringing  about  the  sale.  The  record  shows  that 
Gen.  Edwards  cabled  to  Gov.  Forbes  on  November  23,  1909,  stating 
that  he  had  notified  the  Secretary  of  War  and  the  Attorney  General, 
who  were  to  pass  upon  the  question  as  to  whether  or  not  the  sale 
could  be  made.  That  cablegram  appears  in  the  Congressional  Eecord 
of  April  14,  at  page  4835.  That  was  the  day  after  Mr.  De  Gersdorff 
called  on  November  22  with  his  memorandunu 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  63 

On  November  29  Gov.  Forbes  cabled  that  the  sale  had  been  made, 
and  I  shall  offer  the  instrument  itself,  the  certificate  of  sale  of  the 
San  Jose  estate,  which  appears  in  the  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 
I  misplace  these  a  little  once  in  a  while,  but  I  have  it  here  somewhere. 
I  will  just  say  at  this  time,  as  appears  in  the  report  to  the  Secretary 
of  War,  and  which  I  shall  offer  in  evidence,  that  the  sale  certificate 
was  executed  on  the  23d  of  November. 

The  Chairman.  1909  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  1909.  It  does  not  appear  in  the  cahlegram  from  Gov. 
Forbes  of  November  29  what  day  prior  to  that  the  sale  had  been 
made.  It  simply  appears  that  it  had  been  made.  It  is  on  page  45  of 
this  report,  entitled  "  Sales  certificate  No.  1,"  showing  in  the  body 
of  it  that  it  was  executed  by  the  director  of  public  lands  on  that  day. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  day  is  that? 

Mr.  Martin.  November  23;  that  was  the  day  after  Mr.  De  Gers- 
dorff  first  appeared  on  the  scene  and  over  two  and  a  half  months  after 
Mr.  Hammond  first  called  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  and  began 
these  negotiations. 

It  appears  on  page  45  of  this  report  that  the  secretary  of  the  inte- 
rior of  the  Philippines  withheld  his  signature  on  account  of  the 
cablegram  of  November  23,  which  was  the  cablegram  of  Gen.  Ed- 
wards that  this  question  had  been  passed  up  both  to  the  Secretary 
of  War  and  the  Attorney  General,  and  on  that  account  Mr.  Worcester 
withheld  his  signature,  the  signature  of  Mr.  Sleeper,  of  course,  pre- 
sumably having  been  made  on  the  date  of  the  instrument,  November 
23.  But  there  is  no  date  given  as  to  when  Mr.  Worcester  did  affix 
his  signature  of  approval,  and  I  call  the  committee's  attention  to  the 
fact  that  on  November  26,  1909,  only  three  days  after  he  got  that 
cablegram  from  Gen.  Edwards,  the  director  of  public  lands  caused 
the  bandillos  or  notices  of  sale  to  be  published  on  the  San  Jose  de 
Mindoro  estates,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  act  No.  1933, 
so  that  at  any  rate  they  did  not  wait  until  they  got  a  cablegram  on 
December  4  stating  that  the  Secretary  of  War  approved  the  sale.  I 
say  it  does  not  appear  when  Mr.  Worcester  affixed  his  signature,  but 
it  does  appear  that  they  proceeded  to  advertise  this  estate  for  sale 
without  waiting  to  hear  from  Washington. 

Mr.  Worcester  also  states,  as. the  evidence  will  show  on  page  44  of 
this  report,  that  this  cable  of  November  23  was  his  first  intimation 
that  the  United  States  was  interested  in  the  sale  of  this  estate  or  of 
the  friar  lands,  and  in  connection  with  that  statement  I  will  recall  the 
committee's  attention  to  the  fact  that  on  September  27,  just  four  days 
short  of  two  months  before  that  time,  Gen.  Edwards  wrote  him  a 
lengthy  letter,  which  I  shall  incorporate  in  these  proceedings,  asking 
him  for  full  information  about  all  of  the  friar  estates  that  were  to  be 
sold  over  there. 

I  can  not  take  the  time  of  the  committee  now  to  go  into  all  the  con- 
tents of  that  letter.  Not  only  that  letter,  which  must  have  been  then  in 
Mr.  Worcester's  possession  for  two  or  three  weeks,  but  others  of  these 
documents  and  the  cablegrams  that  I  have  introduced,  show  beyond 
any  question  he  knew  the  United  States  was  interested  in  the  sale  of 
these  estates  and  of  the  San  Jose  estate. 

The  evidence,  as  I  stated,  shows  the  sale  was  consummated  on 
November  23,  1909.     The  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of  the 


64  ABMIHISTRATIOH   OF  PHILIPPIKE  lAKDS. 

United  States  was  not  even  asked  for  until  December  4, 1909,  although 
these  officials  had  been  advised  that  it  had  been  asked  for,  and  it  was 
a  mooted  question,  and  it  was  not  rendered  until  December  18,  1909, 
and  it  was  not  cabled  to  Manila  until  December  22,  1909. 

There  is  a  statement  that  the  sale  was  to  be  conditioned  upon  these 
things:  There  is  a  statement  that  the  attorneys  for  the  purchasers 
were  to  be  satisfied  by  the  legal  department  of  the  Government  of 
the  United  States  as  to  their  title,  and  that  its  final  consummation  was 
made  contingent  therefore  upon  the  favorable  opinion  of  the  Attor- 
ney General  of  the  United  States. 

But  there  is  nothing  in  this  sales  certificate  executed  on  November 
23,  w^ith  reference  to  any  such  condition.  If  there  is  any  condition 
at  all  it  was  merely  implied.  It  was  not  a  condition  nominated  in 
the  bond,  because  the  sales  certificate  was  absolutely  unconditional. 
But  in  that  connection  about  the  anticijDation  of  the  opinion,  there 
is  also  the  fact  of  the  organization  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 
to  operate  this  estate,  which  was  organized  under  the  laws  of  New 
Jersey  on  December  8,  1909,  which  was  10  days  before  Mr.  Wicker- 
sham  rendered  his  opinion,  and  14  days  before  it  was  cabled  to 
Manila. 

It  has  appeared  from  the  sales  certificate  and  otherwise  that  the 
first  payment  under  the  contract  was  to  be  made  on  January  4,  1910. 
I  have  mentioned  heretofore,  and  shall  rest  the  statement  now  upon 
the  source  of  information  that  I  had  available  then,  because  it  is  a 
source  of  information  which  is  very  friendly  to  the  Government  side 
of  this  case,  and  very  unfriendly  to  me  and  my  side,  that  at  that  time, 
at  the  time  the  first  payment  was  made,  on  January  4, 1910,  a  railroad 
survey  of  14  miles  in  length,  from  the  coast  to  the  estate,  was  in 
progress;  that  soundings  had  already  been  made  for  a  dock  on 
the  coast;  materials  had  been  purchased  and  sent  out  to  the  estate 
to  build  labor  quarters;  and  that  seed  cane  and  guinea  grass — the 
latter  to  afford  forage  for  the  animals  on  the  plantation— had  already 
been  planted.  Therefore  a  vast  amount  of  work  had  been  done, 
going  to  indicate  that  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of  the 
United  States,  which  is  now  primarily  relied  upon  for  the  validity 
of  this  transaction,  did  not  delay  progress  in  the  work  of  establish- 
ing a  sugar  plantation  there,  and  providing  all  the  accessories,  even 
down  to  a  New  Jersey  corporation,  with  which  to  carry  on  the  work. 

Mr.  RucKER.  What  have  you  to  say,  Mr.  Martin,  in  this  connec- 
tion, about  the  opinion  of  the  attorney  general  over  there,  delivered 
on  the  18th  of  October,  1909? 

Mr.  Martin.  The  attorney  general  over  there  delivered  an  opinion 
that  these  are  amendatory  acts;  that  Nos  1847  and  1933,  passed  by 
the  Philippine  Assembly,  voided  or  repealed  the  limitations.  With 
reference  to  that  matter  I  have  simply  two  things  to  say :  First,  that 
the  Philippine  Assembly  could  not  repeal  the  limitations,  and,  second, 
that  the  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States,  in  his  opinion,  dealt 
only  with  and  construed  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  never  even  referred  to  those  amendatory  acts  of  the  Philippine 
Government,  although  one  of  them  had  been  in  existence  for  eight 
months  or  ten  months  and  the  other  for  over  a  year  and  a  half.  But 
he  confined  himself  wholly  to  the  organic  law  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  RucKER.  But  what  I  had  reference  to  was,  inasmuch  as  they 
were  going  on  with  this  sale,  contemplating  the  cultivation  of  the 


ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  65 

ground,  the  planting  of  cane,  and  so  forth,  were  they  not  doing  that 
on  account  of  the  opinion  that  they  had,  in  October  before,  from  the 
attorney  general  over  there  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  say  in  answer  to  the  gentleman  I  do  not  see 
how  they  could  have,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  Mr.  Poole,  who  was  the 
agent  of  the  purchasers  and  the  manager  of  the  corporation,  informed 
the  officials  of  the  Philippine  Government  in  Manila  that  he  himself 
had  been  informed  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  in  Washington 
that  these  estates  could  not  be  bought.  I  do  not  think  that  a  prudent 
business  man,  with  such  information  as  that  from  the  department  of 
the  Government  having  jurisdiction,  would  go  over  there  and  begin 
establishing  a  great  sugar  plantation  in  the  wilds  of  Mindoro,  or- 
ganize a  big  corporation,  and  do  the  multiplicity  of  things  requiring 
weeks  of  preparation  that  must  have  been  involved  in  such  an  enter- 
prise with  that  inhibition  staring  him  in  the  face,  unless  he  had  some 
assurance  that  it  would  be  all  right,  such  as  was  given  Mr.  Ham- 
mond in  the  letter  of  September  4  last  from  the  Bureau  of  Insular 
Affairs,  referring  to  the  lilnitations  which  would  prevent  the  sale  of 
these  lands  in  large  quantities;  but  his  attention  was  called  to  the 
fact  that  similar  limitations  in  Porto  Rico  had  proven  ineffectual  and 
were  no  bar  to  the  development  of  the  sugar  industry.  Of  course  the 
development  of  the  sugar  industry  in  Porto  Rico  means  its  absolute 
monopolization.  It  was  simply  saying  in  effect  to  Mr.  Hammond, 
"  I  do  not  see  why  you  need  to  worry  about  the  letter  of  the  law.  You 
know  what  kind  of  laws  we  have  in  Porto  Rico,  and  you  know  how 
they  have  operated.  If  you  want  to  go  out  there  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  and  establish  big  sugar  plantations,  just  keep  in  mind  what 
has  happened  in  Porto  Rico." 

That  is  what  the  letter  says,  and  it  says  so  in  so  many  words.  I 
have  already  offered  to  insert  it  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  you  not  incorrect  in  saying  the  opinion  of  the 
attorney  general  of  the  Philippines  did  not  discuss  the  provisions  of 
the  fundamental  act? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  did  not  say  that.  I  say  that  the  opinion  of  Attor- 
ney General  Wickersham  makes  no  reference  to  the  amendatory  acts 
passed  by  the  Philippine  Assembly. 

Now,  let  this  fact  be  borne  in  mind :  There  was  never  any  question 
anywhere  but  what  the  limitations  applied  up  to  June  3,  1908.  That 
is  admitted  by  Mr.  Worcester  right  in  this  report,  that  they  could 
not  dispose  of  these  estates  prior  to  June  3,  1908,  because  the  limita- 
tions in  the  public-lands  act  passed  b}^  the  Philippine  Legislature, 
containing  the  limitations  in  the  organic  law,  section  15,  had  been 
carried  into  the  friar  land  act,  which  was  passed  by  the  Philippine 
Legislature  a  few  months  after  the  passage  of  the  public-land  act; 
these  acts  are  denominated  the  "  public-land  act "  and  "  friar-land 
act."  But  then  he  goes  on  to  say  that  the  amendatory  act  No.  1847, 
passed  in  June,  1908,  and  No.  1933,  passed  in  April,  1909,  relieved 
the  friar  lands  of  these  limitations. 

But  the  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States — this  is  the  point 
I  make — in  his  opinion  made  no  reference  to  these  two  amendatory 
acts  of  the  Philippine  Government,  but  confined  himself  solely  to  the 
act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  as  to  whether  section  15  of  that  act  subjected  the  land 


66  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

to  limitations — that  is,  section  15  and  the  friar  land  sections,  63,  64, 
and  66. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  think  you  misunderstood  my  question.  I  under- 
stood you  to  say  the  attorney  general  for  the  Philippines  did  not 
discuss  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress.    Did  he  not? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  did  not  make  that  statement. 

The  Chairman.  No.  He  said  the  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States  did  not  refer  to  the  Philippine  acts. 

Mr.  Martin.  Briefly,  now,  there  are  a  few  other  things  to  which 
I  desire  to  call  your  attention.  It  was  stated  repeatedly,  at  appears 
in  these  various  letters  of  Gen.  Edwards  to  which  I  have  referred, 
that  the  San  Jose  and  Isabela  estates  were  wholly  unoccupied,  un- 
civilized, and  remote,  and  all  that  sort  of  thing.  There  was  a  dis- 
position to  treat  them  on  a  different  basis  from  the  other  estates,  on 
account  of  their  remoteness,  etc.  So  that  it  was  a  practical  neces- 
sity to  sell  them  if  possible,  but  it  subsequently  developed  that  there 
have  been  portions  of  four  other  estates  sold,  to  wit,  the  Calamba, 
the  Tala,  the  San  Jose,  and  the  Binan. 

Now,  the  Tala  estate  is  within  15  miles  of  Manila.  I  have  already 
shown  to  this  committee  that  the  Philippine  Government  itself  makes 
the  showing  that  in  10  days  this  year  they  sold  12,000  acres,  or  ap- 
proximately two-thirds  of  the  one  estate. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Is  that  estate  part  of  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  and  even  though  part  of  the  Calamba  estate 
were  unoccupied,  it  could  not  be  placed  in  the  same  category  with  the 
San  Jose  and  Isabela  estates. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Were  those  12,000  acres  that  were  sold  unoccupied 
or  occupied  lands  ?    Does  it  show  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  They  must  have  been  very  largely  occupied.  I  can  not 
say  what  the  fact  was  with  reference  to  that.  Mr.  Carpenter  got 
5,000  acres,  and  he  was  to  get  all  the  rest  of  the  unoccupied  land  and 
all  of  the  occupied  land  which  became  vacant.  But  it  is  difficult  to 
tell  from  the  reports  what  the  condition  of  that  estate  was  with 
reference  to  settlement.  Gen.  Edwards  says  in  this  report  here,  in 
this  letter  of  April  11,  that  at  that  time  80  per  cent  of  that  estate  is 
estimated  as  occupied,  although  none  of  it  whatever  had  been  sold. 

I  do  not  concede  that  the  condition  of  these  estates  has  any  bearing 
whatever  upon  the  question  of  the  right  to  sell  them  in  the  manner 
in  which  they  have  been  disposed  of ;  but  I  cite  the  other  estates  as 
going  to  show  that  even  that  claim  will  not  hold  good  all  the  way 
through.  I  go  further  and  say  that  if  the  unoccupied  lands  are  not 
protected  by  the  limitations,  neither  are  the  occupied  lands.  And 
that  one  individual  or  one  association  or  one  corporation,  with  a  man 
named  Poole  acting  as  manager  and  agent,  could  acquire  the  whole 
400,000  acres  of  the  friar  estates.    There  is  no  question  about  that. 

The  friar-land  act  provided  for  the  disposition  of  the  unoccupied 
lands  because  the  occupied  were  supposed  to  be  provided  for.  There 
were  people  on  them  to  whom  it  was  proposed  to  convey  them.  It  was 
not  necessary  in  the  friar-land  act  to  make  any  provision  with  refer- 
ence to  the  disposition  of  the  occupied  land  as  to  quantity,  etc.,  so 
that  that  provision  in  section  9  of  the  friar-land  act  applying  limita- 
tions in  the  public  land  act  was  needed  only  as  to  the  unoccupied. 

But  I  lay  this  proposition  before  the  committee,  that  if  the  limita- 
tions do  not  protect  one  character  or  class  of  this  land,  occupied  or 


ADMIKISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPIKE  LANDS.  67 

unoccupied,  it  does  not  protect  the  other,  and  that  therefore  they  are 
all  subject  to  be  thrown  back,  not  only  into  the  same  condition  from 
which  we  rescued  them,  but  into  a  worse  condition,  as  to  ownership 
and  the  conditions  prevailing  upon  the  lands  at  the  time  we  got  them. 

It  is  rather  anticipating,  but  I  will  quickly  conclude  now.  I  think 
it  is  necessary  for  the  commission  to  have  my  position  pretty  clearly 
before  it,  and  exhaustively,  to  enable  them  to  go  into  the  matter 
properly  with  these  gentlemen  who  have  come  so  far. 

I  have  been  charged  with  showing  the  very  small  number  of  sales 
which  had  been  made — in  the  report  for  the  year  ending  June  30, 
1908,  the  report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  to  the  Secretary  of 
War — upon  which  showing  I  said  that  the  administration  of  the  friar 
lands  was  obviously  a  failure. 

I  want  to  say  that  until  very  lately,  until  the  concluding  days  of 
this  controversy  in  Congress,  that  was  all  the  information  I  had. 
I  shall  show  by  the  record  repeated  efforts  to  get  the  report  of  1909, 
and  it  is  obvious  that  the  report  of  1910  was  not  available ;  it  was  not 
yet  due.  And  the  only  report  of  the  director  of  public  lands  that 
ever  was  procured  was  a  lot  of  typewritten  sheets  sent  up  here  by  the 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  and  published  as  a  document  in  the  letter 
of  the  Secretary  of  War,  Document  No.  914,  which  contains  what  pur- 
ports to  be  the  report  of  the  director  of  public  lands  for  the  year 
ending  June  30,  1909. 

But  at  the  time  that  particular  part  of  the  showing  was  prepared 
as  to  the  small  number  of  sales,  466,  I  believe  up  to  June  30,  1908, 
was  all  that  had  been  made  during  the  nearly  four  years  that  we  had 
then  had  those  lands  in  charge,  administering  them,  and  only  about 
675  sales  of  all  characters,  public  and  friar  lands,  both. 

Now  the  Philippine  Government  comes  in  with  a  showing  of 
enormously  increased  sales  recently.  The  report  on  pages  94  and  97 
shows  that  of  the  total  sales  of  friar  lands  from  the  beginning  down 
to  July  1,  1910,  to  wit,  65,515.38  acres,  considerably  more  than  one- 
half,  or,  to  be  specific,  38,579.14  acres,  have  been  sold  on  four  of 
these  estates  since  this  controversy  began  over  here  in  the  last  session 
of  Congress  since  it  has  become  well  developed.  I  shall  offer  a  table 
showing  that  on  the  largest  of  the  four  estates  recently  they  have  sold 
over  half  of  all  the  friar  lands  that  they  have  sold  during  the  whole 
six  years  that  we  have  owned  them,  and  on  two  of  these  estates,  the 
Naic  and  Tala,  all  the  sales  up  to  July  1,  1910,  on  the  Naic,  amounted 
to  7,550.28  acres,  beginning  on  June  24,  1910,  and  that  the  sales  on  the 
Tala  estate,  as  I  have  already  pointed  out  to  you,  amounted  to 
11,954.38  acres,  beginning  with  June  21,  1910.  So  that  this  report 
might  well  be  interpreted  as  putting  me  in  the  light  of  misrepresent- 
ing a  state  of  facts  which  did  not  exist  at  all  when  I  made  the 
statement,  because  all  the  sales  on  the  Tala  estate,  according  to  this 
report,  every  one  of  them,  every  acre,  has  been  made  virtually  since 
Congress  adjourned. 

The  last  thing  I  said  on  this  subject  in  the  House  of  Eepresentatives 
was  on  June  13.  That  is  the  speech  referred  to  so  much  by  the  gen- 
tlemen in  these  reports,  and  there  was  not  an  acre  sold,  according 
to  their  own  report,  on  the  Tala  estate  at  that  time,  but  all  of  it  was 
sold  at  a  time  beginning  eight  days  after  that  speech  was  made.  Of 
course  that  was  a  matter  I  could  not  know  about  either  at  that  time. 


68  ABMIKISTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

I  want  to  add  that  probably  a  substantial  proportion  of  the  re- 
maining acreage  of  the  other  estates  that  has  been  sold  has  been  sold 
during  the  period  of  large  sales  in  these  four  estates  that  I  have  men- 
tioned to  you.  The  Naic,  the  Tala,  the  Binan,  and  the  San  Francisco 
de  Malabon  estate  are  the  four  to  which  I  refer. 

I  want  to  say  further  that  if  the  recent  large  increase  in  friar-land 
sales  is  a  sufficient  answer  to  the  charge  of  failure  of  friar-land 
administration,  which  was  based  on  the  available  reports,  it  is  sub- 
mitted that  such  showing  is  also  a.  sufficient  answer  to  the  claim  that 
it  is  necessary  to  dispose  of  these  estates  in  bulk  to  either  officials  of 
the  Philippine  Government  or  to  foreign  syndicates. 

Now,  that  about  conchides  a  rather  rough  presentation  of  this 
matter.  There  may  have  been  some  things  omitted.  It  would  be 
remarkable  if,  under  the  conditions  I  have  had  to  labor  in  endeavor- 
ing to  lay  this  matter  before  the  committee,  there  would  not  be  some 
omissions;  but  I  stand  ready  to  supply  anything  I  can  which  is  in 
my  power  and  to  be  examined  by  this  committee  just  as  fully  as  it 
may  see  fit;  to  produce  and  make  any  answers  that  I  can  make  with 
reference  to  all  of  the  various  documents  to  which  I  have  referred 
and  which  I  shall  be  glad  to  introduce. 

I  simply  want,  in  conclusion  at  this  time,  to  call  your  attention  to 
a  statement  made  by  Secretary  Dickinson  in  an  address  delivered  at 
a  banquet,  presumably  in  Manila,  on  September  2,  1910,  the  occasion 
of  the  Secretary's  recent  visit  there: 

I  win  say  generaUy  as  to  the  friar  lands  tbat  at  the  time  the  contracts  were 
made  for  other  sales  in  large  amount  it  was  not  supposed  that  any  objections 
would  be  raised.  The  main  idea  was  to  reduce  the  bonded  debt  as  rapidly  as 
possible. 

That  is  saying,  now,  what  was  the  idea  and  attitude  of  the  Philip- 
pine Government  officials,  as  he  construes  it.  But  this  is  what  he 
says : 

Now  that  opposition  has  been  declared  and  the  matter  is  under  investiga- 
tion by  Congress,  no  sale  of  these  lands  in  large  quantities  will  be  authorized 
until  the  situation  is  fully  developed. 

In  which  statement  I  respectfully  submit  the  Hon.  Secretary  of 
War  has  presented  the  square  issue  to  this  committee,  rendering  it 
inevitable  that  upon  the  result  of  this  investigation  will  hinge  either 
the  retracement  of  the  short  steps  that  have  already  been  taken  or 
their  growth  and  development  into  a  policy  of  exploitation  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  American  capitalists  and  corporate  interests, 
which  will  create  such  an  internal  condition  there  that  this  country, 
which  has  not  yet  determined  the  final  disposition  of  the  Philippines 
and  its  relations  toward  them,  will  speedily  become  unable  to  act 
upon  such  a  determination  when  it  shall  be  reached,  unless  it  should 
be  a  determination  to  keep  them.  In  other  words.  Gen.  Dickinson 
says  to  this  committee,  in  effect,  putting  it  from  my  viewpoint,  "  the 
camel  has  thrust  his  nose  in  the  tent ;  it  is  up  to  you  gentlemen  either 
to  kick  him  out  or  to  get  behind  him  and  shove  him  completely  in." 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  is  it  possible  that  this  can  be  so  with  reference 
to  any  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  even  under  the  language  that 
you  quote,  and  from  your  own  view,  except  the  comparatively  insig- 
nificant number  of  acres,  compared  with  the  public  domain,  that  are 
included  in  the  friar  lands  ?  If  all  the  friar  lands  in  the  islands 
were  sold  in  large  bodies  to  men  who  would  cultivate  them  in  sugar, 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  69 

even  to  the  representatives  of  the  sugar  trust,  how  would  that  indi- 
cate an  intention  on  the  part  of  this  Government  or  any  of  its  de- 
partments to  exploit  the  public  lands  in  the  same  way,  if  it  be  true 
that  there  is  no  limitation  in  law  as  to  how  the  lands  of  the  Philip- 
pine Government  can  sell  the  friar  lands  in  order  to  reimburse  itself 
for  the  bonds  it  has  issued? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  shall  show — and  that  is  the  item  I  started  out  with 
when  Mr.  Madison  corrected  my  impression  as  to  how  this  investi- 
gation should  be  carried  on — that  just  as  soon  as  the  sale  of  the  friar 
estates  in  bulk  had  been  begun  there  came  from  the  War  Depart- 
ment— which  with  me  always  means  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs — 
the  bill,  a  copy  of  which  I  have  here,  and  the  letter  containing  amend- 
ments to  the  organic  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands  repealing  the 
present  restrictions  and  permitting  an  individual  to  purchase  not  40 
acres,  as  now,  but  1,250  acres. 

The  Chairman.  Oh,  no ;  increasing  it  from  16  hectares  to  40  hec- 
tares. 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  sir;  increasing  it  to  500  hectares,  which  is  1,250 
acres.  I  have  the  proposed  amendment  to  section  15  of  the  organic 
law  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  authorizing  the  purchase  by  an  indi- 
vidual of  not  to  exceed  500  hectares,  with  no  limitations  upon  the 
alienation  of  the  land,  an  amendment  which  would  absolutely  abolish 
all  land  limitations. 

The  Chairman.  But  that  amendment  did  not  pass. 

Mr.  Martin.  No,  sir;  the  amendment  did  not  pass,  because  the 
Senate  Philippine  Committee,  at  its  first  meeting,  unanimously 
struck  that  section  out  and  passed  the  bill  without  it,  thereby  indi- 
cating the  policy  of  this  Government  with  reference  to  land  holdings 
in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Public-land  holdings? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir;  public-land  holdings  in  the  Philippines; 
and  as  I  said  in  the  first  place  there  are  no  lands  there  to  which  this 
limitation  should  be  more  rigidly  applied  or  which  call  for  or  de- 
mand it  than  the  particular  estates  which  were  taken,  not  directly 
from  the  Friars  but  taken  from  corporations  to  be  distributed 
among  the  Filipinos. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Was  it  not  rather  to  protect  those  who  had  holdings 
oti  them,  and  has  not  that  been  carefully  done  in  every  respect? 

Mr.  Martin.  Well,  you  can  go  into  the  Tala  estate  proposition 
and  some  of  these  other  matters  I  have  laid  before  you  and  deter- 
mine the  fact. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  mean  so  far  as  the  law  is  concerned  it  is,  and 
so  far  as  any  of  these  leases  that  have  been  brought  out  hero  it  is, 
and  in  every  other  way,  so  far  as  I  can  see ;  and  in  the  surrender  by 
Mr.  Carpenter  of  the  holdings  he  had  in  the  interest  of  the  Filipinos 
who  wanted  to  take  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  have  made  some  progress  over  there  very  re- 
cently ;  there  is  no  question  about  that,  but  it  has  been  very  recently. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  is  it  proposed  to  go  on  with  this  hearing? 

The  Chairman.  I  thought  w^e  had  better  examine  one  or  two  wit- 
nesses this  afternoon,  if  satisfactory  to  the  committee.  After  that, 
as  to  when  we  shall  go  on,  that  is  at  the  pleasure  of  the  committee. 
To-morrow  is  calendar  Wednesday,  and  I  do  not  know  whether  we 
will  be  wanted  in  the  House  or  not.    We  might  have  a  morning  ses- 


70  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

sion  to-morrow,  and  then  conclude  it,  if  there  is  anything  further,  at 
the  pleasure  of  the  committee. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  should  like  to  ask  Mr.  Martin  one  or  two  questions. 

I  wish  you  would  explain  what  your  theory  is  and  what  the  policy 
of  the  Government  has  been  in  regard  to  the  sugar  industry  in  the 
Philippines.  Mr.  Jones  and  I  were  out  there  with  the  Taft  party  in 
1905,  and  my  recollection  is  that  the  testimony  that  was  taken  before 
our  party  was  that  the  handicap  on  the  sugar  industry  in  the  Philip- 
pines was  their  crude  methods,  and  that  what  was  needed  were  sugar 
centrales,  such  as  they  have  in  Porto  Eico,  so  that  they  would  extract 
a  higher  percentage  of  the  sugar;  but  that  the  reason  the  Philippines 
could  not  compete  with  Java  was  that  Java  had  these  centrales  and 
the  Philippines  did  not. 

I  just  mention  that.  I  want  to  get  your  idea  of  what  the  Govern- 
ment's policy  has  been,  as  to  what  should  be  done  to  develop  the  sugar 
industry  there,  or  whether  anything  should  be  done  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  So  far  as  my  information  goes 

Mr.  Jones  (interposing).  I  would  suggest,  Mr.  Chairman,  that 
seems  to  be  going  very  far  into  the  question.  I  do  not  object  to  it 
at  all ;  it  is  interesting ;  but  I  do  not  think  it  has  any  bearing,  what 
Mr.  Martin's  idea  is  what  the  policy  of  the  Government  should  be  in 
the  way  of  developing  the  sugar  industry.  We  are  met  to  examine 
as  to  specific  matter  contained  in  the  resolution.  As  I  say,  I  do  not 
object  to  it,  but  I  merely  suggest  that  to  Mr.  Parsons. 

Mr.  RucKER.  That  seems  to  me  to  bring  up  the  whole  Philippine 
question  as  to  what  we  ought  to  do  with  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  If  we  go  into  the  question  of  policy  there  will  be  a 
great  deal  of  diversion  of  opinion. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  it  because  of  Mr.  Martin's  criticism  of  the 
certificate  of  incorporation  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  I 
think  that  most  lawyers  who  incorporate  under  the  New  Jersey  law 
put  in  everything  they  can  think  of.     It  does  not  cost  any  more. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  got  one  in  this  case  who  could  think  of  every- 
thing that  could  be  put  in. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  suppose  what  they  could  do  in  the  Philippines 
depends  on  the  Philippine  law,  and  not  upon  the  charter  itself. 
Would  it  not  be  necessary  for  a  person  building  a  sugar  centrale  any- 
where there  to  have  factories,  or  to  have  most  of  the  powers  that 
are  set  forth  specifically  in  the  objects  of  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co. 

Mr.  Martin  (interposing).  Including  the  right  to  buy  and  sell 
stock  of  other  corporations,  without  regard  to  character? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Whether  they  can  do  that  depends  upon  the  Phil- 
ippine law.  But  I  remember  that  when  we  were  there  one  of  the 
points  made  was — and  it  is  in  the  hearings  which  were  published 
and  which  are  probably  in  the  library  of  the  committee — that  you 
could  not  develop  anything  in  the  Philippine  Islands  unless  you 
moved  the  families  there  and  established  a  village;  that  when  the 
quarries  were  opened  up  across  the  bay,  in  order  to  get  stone  for 
Manila,  that  the  people  who  did  that  had  to  establish  a  village  there 
with  schools  and  churches,  and  I  think  it  was  even  said  cockpits, 
in  order  to  get  the  laborers  there  and  keep  them  there.  I  presume 
that  those  people  did  a  good  many  of  the  things  that  we  hear, 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  71 

Mr.  Martin.  How  would  you  like  to  have  the  Department  of  Jus- 
tice to  get  after  you  with  anything  like  that  charter  concealed  about 
you  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  do  not  think  the  Department  of  Justice  has  any- 
thing to  do  with  it.  I  will  withdraw  my  question,  if  there  is  any 
objection  to  it. 

Mr.  EucKER.  Mr.  Martin  wants  to  make  a  brief  statement. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  want  to  make  one  statement,  briefly,  gentlemen.  I 
do  not  know  w^hether  everybody  would  make  this  statement,  but  I 
make  my  own  statements  as  I  am  prompted  to  do.  I  am  not  at  all 
bloodthirsty.  I  am  not  after  any  official  job  or  scalp  or  reputation, 
or  anything  of  that  kind.  I  have  been  in  a  position  where  a  man 
had  to  fight  with  whatever  weapons  legitimately  came  to  hand,  and 
I  claim  I  have  done  that.  And  I  have  had  to  fight  under  handicaps 
that  made  it  necessary  to  deal  blows  to  bring  results  that  I  would 
prefer  not  to  have  done,  no  matter  how  much  I  may  have  felt 
justified. 

So  that  I  want  to  say  now  that  so  far  as  these  gentlemen  who 
have  been  mentioned  in  this  matter,  or  who  are  in  any  way  involved 
in  them,  are  concerned,  I  have  not  any  feeling  of  rancor  toward  them. 
I  do  not  want  to  do  them  any  injury. 

I  simply  believe  and  believe  firmly  that  we  have  started  out  over 
there  on  a  wrong  policy,  or,  at  least,  a  policy  that  should  not  be 
started  upon  until  Congress  so  determines.  All  I  am  striving  for  in 
this  matter — and  I  would  have  been  glad  to  have  had  the  end  at- 
tained quietly  and  privately  without  the  utterance  of  a  public  word 
if  it  would  have  been  possible  to  have  done  such  a  thing — is  simply 
the  restoration  of  the  status  quo  in  the  Philippines  with  reference  to 
the  friar  lands,  and  their  continued  distribution  among  the  people 
there  instead  of  in  bulk  to  foreign  exploiting  interests  which  we  are 
not  able  to  control  in  our  own  country  and  under  our  own  Govern- 
ment, to  say  nothing  of  controlling  them  under  the  conditions  that 
obtain  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Sleeper,  will  you  take  the  stand. 

Charles  H.  Sleeper,  Esq.,  was  called  as  a  witness,  and  being  first 
duly  sworn  by  the  chairman,  testified  as  follows: 

The  Chairman.  Where  do  you  now  reside? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Manila,  P.  1. 

The  Chairman.  What  official  title,  office,  or  position  do  you  hold 
in  the  Philippine  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Director  of  Lands  in  the  Interior  Department. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  is  now  half  past  1  o^clock,  and  I  suggest  we  take 
an  adjournment  for  luncheon,  to  meet  again  at  2.15  o'clock. 

(Thereupon,  at  1.30  o'clock  p.  m.,  the  committee  took  a  recess  until 
2.15  o'clock  p.  m.) 

after  recess. 

The  committee  reassembled  at  2.15  o'clock  p.  m.,  pursuant  to  the 
taking  of  recess. 

The  Chairman.  Gentlemen,  before  we  proceed  with  the  witness, 
Mr.  J.  H.  Ralston,  a  member  of  the  Washington  bar,  is  here,  and 
states  that  he  represents  the  Anti-Imperialist  League,  of  Boston, 


72  ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mass. ;  that  he  desires  to  be  present  on  behalf  of  that  society  and  may 
want  to  cross-examine  witnesses.  I  submit  the  proposition  to  the 
committee.  I  suppose  there  is  no  objection  to  his  being  present,  as  it 
is  a  public  hearing ;  but  as  to  the  other  matter  I  presume  we  will  want 
to  consider  that  in  executive  session. 

Mr.  RucKER.  Before  we  proceed  further,  Mr.  Martin  has  made  a 
statement  here,  and  he  has  coupled  that  statement  with  reference  to 
a  lot  of  facts  and  records.  It  occurs  to  me  for  the  record  to  read 
right  that  ought  to  be  incorporated  before  the  testimony  of  the  wit- 
ness we  have  now  here  with  us ;  or  is  it  the  policy  of  the  committee  to 
go  on  in  defense  of  something  that  is  not  in  the  record  to  meet?  In 
other  words,  would  not  the  record  read  better  if  what  Mr.  Martin 
has  referred  to  comes  in  before  this  other  testimony  that  we  are  about 
to  take? 

The  Chairman.  You  refer  to  some  letters  and  newspaper  clip- 
pings? 

Mr.  RucKER.  All  of  what  he  has  put  in  or  what  he  desires  to  put  in 
this.  In  other  words,  would  it  not  be  better  to  examine  Mr.  Martin 
first,  and  then  these  other  witnesses,  unless  we  are  satisfied  to  let  a 
record  be  made  of  what  Mr.  Martin  has  included  in  his  statement.  I 
understand  from  him  that  he  will  present  these  records  in  order  to 
make  a  record  here  to-morrow  morning.  I  merely  make  that  as  a 
suggestion. 

The  Chairman.  Everything  that  Mr.  Martin  has  said  goes  in  the 
record  now.     As  to  the  documents — that  is  what  you  mean  ? 

Mr.  EucKER.  Yes,  sir ;  the  documents  that  he  has  referred  to.  Do 
I  understand  they  are  now  in  the  record  ? 

The  Chairman.  No  ;  except  as  he  may  have  read  them  or  parts  of 
them. 

Mr.  Davis.  As  I  understand  the  situation,  Mr.  Martin  has  con- 
cluded certain  charges,  orally  made,  and  spread  upon  the  records. 
He  has  been  prohibited  from  introducing  any  evidence  to  sustain 
those  charges.  In  other  words,  he  has  presented  what  we  might  call 
an  indictment,  not  formal,  but  informal,  and  spread  it  upon  the 
records,  offering  no  proof  up  to  date.  In  an  orderly  proceeding, 
ought  it  not  to  be  that  he  be  called  upon  to  sustain  some  of  these 
charges,  or  is  the  committee  intending  to  go  on  and  examine  now 
with  reference  to  matters  about  which  there  is  simply  an  oral  charge, 
no  record  made  of  anything  at  the  present  time?  I  was  just  figuring 
like  this :  Suppose  with  my  limited  knowledge  now,  Mr.  Sleeper  was 
placed  upon  the  stand;  I  would  be  unable  to  ask  any  questions,  be- 
cause there  is  nothing  proven ;  there  is  nothing  established  either  for 
or  against  the  Government  or  against  anybody.  There  is  not  any 
record  evidence  here  of  anything,  and  there  has  not  been  a  witness 
sworn  yet  to  any  charge — simply  a  bare  statement  of  Mr.  Martin,  and 
he  was  precluded  from  backing  it  up  with  any  proof.  If  that  is  the 
case,  what  is  Mr,  Sleeper  on  the  stand  for?  Are  you  looking  for 
proof  now;  and  if  so,  proof  as  to  what?  There  are  no  documents 
here,  nothing  in  the  record. 

The  Chairman.  It  occurs  to  the  chair  the  "situation  is  this:  Not 
that  Mr.  Martin  is  in  the  position  of  a  prosecu^tor.  We  would  have 
a  duty  to  proceed  with  this  investigation,  even  had  Mr.  Martin  not 
chosen  to  come  before  us.  That  does  not  relieve  us  of  our  duty. 
The  reference  requires  the  House  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  tq 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  73 

make  a  complete  and  full  investigation  of  the  interior  department  of 
the  Philippine  Government,  especially  as  to  the  administration  of 
lands  and  all  matters  of  fact  and  of  law  pertaining  thereto.  Inde- 
pendent of  any  charges  that  duty  is  imposed  upon  us  by  this  resolu- 
tion. And  we  called  upon  Mr.  Martin,  as  he  had  offered  the  original 
resolution  to  submit  to  us  any  facts  he  had  in  his  possession. 

Mr.  Davis.  But  he  has  not  submitted  any  proof.  When  it  came 
to  the  submission  of  proof,  he  was  precluded. 

The  Chairman.  Oh,  no ;  not  at  all. 

Mr.  Davis.  I  understood  it  was  that  way. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  No.  There  has  been  no  introduction  of  evidence. 
What  he  has  said  amounts  to  what  might  be  called  a  bill  of  par- 
ticulars. 

The  Chairman.  He  could  state  the  facts. 

Mr.  Douglass.  We  have  his  statement. 

Mr.  Parsons.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  last  time  he  did  incorporate 
a  lot  of  things. 

Mr.  Jones.  A  great  deal  has  gotten  into  the  record  that  was  not 
contemplated.  What  Mr.  Martin  was  before  the  committee  for 
really  was  to  state  the  facts,  which  he  expected  to  be  able  to  estab- 
lish by  proof.     That  is  what  he  is  supposed  to  have  been  here  for. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  what  I  understand. 

Mr.  Jones.  Now,  the  question  raised  by  Judge  Davis  is,  having 
stated  what  he  expects  to  prove,  is  it  not  proper  to  have  witnesses 
and  other  evidence  by  which  you  expect  to  establish  those  facts  in- 
troduced before  you  examine  any  gentlemen  who  Avould  be  affected 
by  this  testimony  ?     That  is  the  orderly  proceeding. 

Mr.  Davis.  That  is  better  put  that  I  could  do  it. 

The  Chairman.  I  hardly  think  so.  We  are  not  proceeding  on 
charges  made  by  anybody.  We  are  proceeding  to  fulfill  our  duty 
under  this  House  resolution. 

It  seemed  to  me  the  first  thing  was  to  get  the  facts.  That  is  the 
object  of  having  Capt.  Sleeper  here.  He  has  charge  of  the  records 
in  connection  with  this  matter,  and  he  was  asked  to  produce  the 
record  of  the  Interior  Department,  showing,  among  other  things, 
every  sale  of  public  land  or  private  land,  to  whom  sold,  the  price, 
and  the  area  involved  in  the  sale.  Now,  we  could  go  on  discussing 
the  law  all  summer,  but  it  would  seem  to  me  the  first  thing  we  wanted 
was  to  get  the  facts  on  the  record  so  that  we  would  know  what  we  are 
talking  about. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  agree  with  the  chairman  fully  about  that,  but  there 
seems  to  be  two  sides  to  this  matter,  just  as  there  are  to  most  contro- 
versies. Is  it  not  the  orderly  way  to  proceed  with  the  testimony  of 
those  who  are  supposed  to  establish  the  charges?  There  are  charges 
made,  and  that  resolution  directs  us  to  investigate  as  to  those  charges. 
Now,  ought  not  the  man  who  makes  these  charges  be  given  an  oppor- 
tunity to  present  his  evidence  to  establish  them,  and  then  call  upon 
the  officers  in  the  Philippines  to  refute  them  with  such  facts  as  they 
have  in  their  possession?     Is  not  that  the  orderly  way  of  proceeding? 

Mr.  FoRNES.  As  I  understand,  Mr.  Martin  presented  his  case,  giv- 
ing, so  to  say,  his  testimony ;  published  testimony,  evidence  in  letters, 
and  all  matters,  which  if  called  upon  to  substantiate  and  prove  he 
is  able  to  do  so.  As  I  understand,  we  take  it  for  granted  that  his 
statement  is  capable  of  being  substantiated  by  the  evidence  which 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 9 


74  ADMIKISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

he  would  offer.  Now,  the  witnesses  on  the  other  side,  or  at  least  the 
parties  we  wish  to  investigate,  have  come  from  a  distance,  and  it 
seems  to  me  if  you  are  going  to  substantiate  all  the  testimony  which 
was  offered  in  the  statement  of  facts  they  will  have  to  remain  here 
a  long  time,  and  perhaps  to  the  detriment  of  work  which  they  are 
called  upon  to  do.  On  the  other  hand,  it  will  engage  much  more  of 
the  time  of  the  committee  than  if  we  would  obtain  the  statement  of 
facts  as  they  will  present  them  and  go  on  in  the  matter  that  we  have 
commenced.  In  this  way  I  believe  we  will  shorten  the  time  a  great 
deal.  I  do  not  understand  we  are  sitting  here  as  a  court,  exactly, 
but  for  the  purpose  of  investigation. 

The  Chairman.  We  might  take  testimony  for  weeks  on  newspaper 
statements,  and  all  that  kind  of  thing,  but  the  real  evidence  is  the 
sales  made,  and  they  have  got  to  come  from  the  records  of  the  de- 
partment. It  seems  to  me  we  would  shorten  the  time  very  much  if 
we  would  get  that  evidence  on  our  records  at  the  outset. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  do  not  suppose  we  take  anything  for  granted.  It 
seems  to  me  it  is  largely  a  question  of  what  is  the  most  convenient 
form  in  which  to  have  the  record  printed  so  that  we  will  have  ail  the 
documentary  evidence  where  we  can  readily  turn  to  it. 

Charles  H.  Sleeper,  a  witness  heretofore  sworn  and  on  the  stand 
at  the  taking  of  recess,  resumed  the  stand  for  further  examination 
and  testified  as  follows : 

The  Chairman.  Captain,  you  were  about  to  state  your  official 
position  in  the  Philippine  Government,  or  perhaps  you  had  stated 
it  when  we  took  a  recess. 

Mr.  SixEEPER.  Director  of  Lands  in  the  Department  of  the  Interior. 

The  Chairman.  By  whom  were  you  appointed? 

Mr.  kSleeper.  Gov.  Wright. 

The  Chairman.  When? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  November  1,  1905. 

The  Chairman.  Where  were  you  then  living? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  Manila. 

The  Chairman.  What  were  you  then  doing  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  a  member  of  the  municipal  board  of  the  city 
of  Manila  at  that  time. 

The  Chairman.  By  whom  were  you  appointed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  Governor  Taft. 

The  Chairman.  Previous  to  that  where  had  you  resided? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  Philippine  Islands. 

The  Chairman.  For  how  long? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Since  July,  1898. 

The  Chairman.  1898? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Prior  to  that  time  where  had  you  resided? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Pueblo,  Colo. 

The  Chairman.  What  are  the  duties,  just  in  a  short,  general  way, 
of  your  present  position  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  administrative  control  of  the  public  and  friar 
lands  and  other  lands  pertaining  to  the  Philippine  government. 

The  Chairman.  You  say  public  and  friar  lands.  Do  you  mean  by 
that  to  make  a  distinction  between  the  two  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  Public  lands  pertain  to  the  United  States; 
friar  lands  pertain  to  the  Philippine  Government. 


ADMIKISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  75 

The  Chairman.  You  mean  by  public  lands  the  lands  which  the 
United  States  acquired  from  Spain? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  And  by  friar  lands  you  mean  the  lands  which  the 
Philippine  Government  purchased  from  the  friars? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  spoke  of  some  other  lands.  What  did  you 
mean  by  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  lands  that  pertain  to  the  insular  govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  lands  on  which  are  erected  build- 
ings which  they  may  have  purchased. 

The  Chairman.  Government  buildings? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  were  asked  to  submit  or  bring  the  records 
from  which  could  be  ascertained  a  record  of  all  sales  of  public  lands 
and  all  sales  of  friar  lands,  giving  the  names  of  each  purchaser,  the 
amount  involved  in  the  transaction,  and,  I  think,  also  the  price. 
Can  you  give  us  that  information  in  a  concise  form? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Up  to  a  certain  date;  yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Up  to  what  date? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  October  1. 

The  Chairman.  Of  what  year? 

Mp  Sleeper.  Of  this  year. 

The  Chairman.  And  beginning  when? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Beginning  at  the  time  of  the  inception  of  the  Govern- 
ment out  there. 

The  Chairman.  You  have  sent  a  statement  to  me.  Is  this  the 
statement  as  to  those  sales?     [Sh(nving  witness  papers.] 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir:  but  this  is  up  to  a  previous  date. 

The  Chairman.  What  date? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  September  1,  1910. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  a  complete  statement  from  the  beginning 
down  to  September  1,  1910? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Capt.  Sleeper,  you  say  that  you  are  now  in  a  posi- 
tion to  give  the  additional  information,  the  same  information  down 
to  October  1  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  October  1.  I  have  the  documents  with  me, 
so  that  a  list  can  be  prepared  immediately. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  prepare  such  a  list  and  give  it  to  the 
clerk  of  the  committee  so  that  it  may  be  printed  in  connection  with 
this  statement? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  I  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  this 
statement  seems  to  come  down  to  the  81st  day  of  July,  1910. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  may  be.  It  was  in  response  to  a  cablegram  re- 
quest of  Gen.  Edwards  on  which  it  was  prepared. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  complete  it  from  the  81st  day  of  July 
down  to  October  1? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  And  you  will  do  so  and  give  that  statement  to  the 
clerk  of  the  committee? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  documents  referred  to  are  as  follows:) 


76 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


[The  Goverament  of  the  Philippine  Islands.    Department  of  the  Interior.    Bureau  of  Lands.] 

Statement  Showing  all  Sales  of  Public  Lands  and  Friar  Lands  by  the 
Philippine  Government  Since  the  Passage  of  Act  of  Congress  Approved 
July,  1,  1902,  Giving  Name  of  Each  Person  or  Corporation  to  whom  Sold 
and  the  Number  of  Acres  in  the  Sale. 

[Submitted  in  accordance  with  the  cablegram  from  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  dated  August  27,  1910.] 

Sales  of  public  land  from  July  26^  1904,  the  date  of  the  proclamation  of  the  public-land 

act  J  to  September  1,  1910. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Area. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Area. 


Pancracio  Adiarte 

Juan  Reyes  y  Basa 

Luciano  Orehdain 

Silveria  B  undoc 

I^ouis  Gordon 

Manuel  Tinio 

Juan  Canoy 

John  R.  Edgar 

Marcelo  Florentino 

AssingaCo.  (a  corporation) 

Cayetano  Madamba 

Cay etano  Bonnoan 

Paz  Natividad 

Archibald  McFarland 

Jacinto  Aguila 

Malecio  S.  Aguila 

Francisco  Rivera 

Pedro  Direeto 

Francisco  Angeles 

Apolina  Modamba 

Domestic  and  Foreign  Missionary 
Society  of  the  Protestant  i'4)is;'opal 
Church 

Alejandro  Bauico 

Fernando  Ferrer 

Baco  River  Plantation  Co 

La  Yebana  Co.  (a  corporation) 

Mariano  Bautista 

William  J.  Ellis 

Ang  Sariling  J^acas  (a  corporation) 

Ang  Liway-way  (a  corporation) . . 

Barbara  Guison 

Teodoro  Gonzales 


Acres. 
17.35 
36.50 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 
40 

23.20 
2, 267. 50 
39.80 
40 
40 

39.70 
39.  65 
39.  75 

1.05 

5 
25 
40 


6.  30 

35 
640 
400 

40 

40 
320 
,530 

39. 14 

39.14 


Domingo  Zamora 

Fausta  Santa  Domingo 

Lino  de  Castro 

Jos^  Abastillas 

Elias  Valencia 

Bernardo  R.  Piiiol 

Mateo  liUga , . . 

J.  H.  Christen 

lilduardo  Martinez 

Feliciano  Basa  &  Co 

Marcos  Eleydo 

Juan  de  Agcaoili 

Cipriano  Albano 

Estanislao  Magno 

Ysabelo  Imperial 

Monico  Andres 

Pablo  Pecson 

Pedro  Rosal 

Charles  H.  Brent 

Bio 

San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co 

Manogan 

H.  L.  Heath 

Arthur  Cummings 

San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co 

Ramon  Murga 

Santos  Castro 

Juan  Ignacio 

Juliana  Encarnacion 

San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co 

Total  area  sold,  acres 

Total  number  of  purchasers 


Acres. 

39 

27.75 

40 

40 

31.12 

40 

40 

40 

40 

48.12 

25.60 

31.45 

30.70 

31.40 

21.60 

40 

40 

15.60 
2.50 

25 
2, 360.  65 

25 

32.75 

40 
2,321.14 

40 

33.70 

4.20 

8.70 

2, 210.  20 


14, 790.  26 
62 


Consolidated  statement  of  all  friar  lands  sales,  to  include  July  31,  1910,  showing  totals 
of  purchasers  and  parcels  sold,  and  the  total  area,  in  acres,  sold  on  each  estate. 


Estates. 

Pur- 
chasers. 

Parcels 
sold. 

Area  in 

acres. 

Banilad 

461 

42 

1,626 

1 

293 

415 

40 

1 

778 

478 

1,007 

'344 

1,363 

1 

1 

1,174 

367 

728 

49 

2,802 

1 

347 

681 

93 

1 

1,309 

1,253 

1,802 

600 

2,752 

2 

1 

1,992 

838 

1,251.6725 

BinaEfbacT       ..... 

27. 9523 

Bifian 

6, 613. 0453 

Caiamba         

1.  4740 

Dampol 

1,829.4415 
2, 314.  6677 

Guiguinto          

Isabela 

148. 7113 

Lolomboy 

4. 1020 

Malinta 

7,793.4245 

Muntinlupa 

4,543.0658 

Naic 

8, 335. 7696 

Orion 

2,079.0730 

Saai  Francisco  de  Malabon 

13,290.2156 

San  Jos6            

56, 212. 0375 

San  Marcos - » 

218. 3223 

Santa  Rosa , 

10, 370. 0437 

Tala         ^ ' 

12,050.7366 

Total 

8,392 

15,251 

127, 083. 7502 

ABMINISTEATION   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


77 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  the  names  of  the  various  purchasers,  the 
number  of  parcels  purchased  by  each,  together  with  the  areas  of  the  lands  purchased, 
shown  in  acres  or  fractions  thereof. 

[Hectares  have  been  reduced  to  acres  at  the  rate  of  2.5  acres  per  hectare.    With  few  exceptions,  only  one 
parcel  is  sold  on  each  sale  certificate.] 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  estate. 


Abadinas,  Arcoiiio 

Abella,  Domiiiga 

Abendoii,  Grcgorio 

Aguirre,  Victor 

Alabares,  Marcelo 

Alasas,  I'^spc'ranza 

Alburo,  Felix 

Alburo,  Leoncio 

Alburo,  Mariano 

Alducente,  Nicolasa 

Alflche,  Maraorto 

Alifio,  Roberta 

Aliilo,  Sebastian 

Alvarez,  J  nana 

Alvarez,  Mateo 

Al viola,  Uldarico 

Amigable,  Cipriaiia 

Antonio,  Andrea 

Antonio,  Bernarda 

Antonio,  Martin 

Anunat,  Nicolas 

Araneta,  Franc i.sca 

Arbotante,  Nicolas 

Arcilla,  Nieves 

Arco,  Maxima 

Arda,  Sil vcstra 

Ardientc,  Leoncia 

Ardina,  l<:  varista 

Arela,  I3asilisa 

Argos,  Irineo 

Arellano,  Juan 

Atillo,  Nicolasa 

Aviar,  Matias 

Avila,  Joscfma 

Avila,  Leoncio 

Avila»  Tcodora 

Badile,  Agapita 

Badile,  Victor 

Bagano,  Genoveva 

Bagasala,  Venturada 

Baquison,  Alejandra 

Barrioqninto,  Aniceto 

Barrioquinto,  Cleta 

Barte,  Francisea 

Bartolaba,  Tedfilo 

Basac,  Petronila 

Basay,  Pablo 

Bascon,  Mauricio 

Batiller,  Juana 

Belside,  Juliana 

Bernal,  Ciriaco 

Binoya,  Jacinta 

Block,  Edmund 

Bondoc,  Alfredo 

Bondoc,  Feliza j 

Bondoc,  Miguel } 

Bontilao,  Mariano ! 

Bontoyan,  Felipe j 

Bontayan,  Maria i 

Borbajo,  Balbina I 

Borbajo,  Gregoria \ 

Borces,  Fernando 

Borces,  Juana 

Borgador,  Quintina 

Borgoiia,  Consoreia 

Borgona,  Manuel 

Borromeo,  Andres 

Borromeo,  Jos6 

Briones,  Juan 

Briones,  Eucebio 

Briones,  Isidro 

Briones,  Juan 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased, 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 8598 

.1805 

6. 3452 

1. 2848 

1. 7002 

.  1883 

.  4370 

94.  4055 

4. 0615 

.  5300 

2.  7082 
.  0920 
.  0485 
.  0593 
.  1125 
.  0575 

11.  7080 
1.  0425 
.  1315 
.1312 
.1122 
.0443 
.  8595 
.0832 
.7342 
.1305 
.4325 
.  0715 
.  2505 
.0473 
.  1605 
.4268 
.  1657 
.0645 
4.  3992 
.0943 
.  0750 
.  3025 

17. 6925 
.0918 
.0585 
.0798 
.  1200 
.1215 
3. 8330 
.  03()0 
.  1370 
.  1375 
.  0920 
.  1690 
.  1105 

3.  (;007 
1. 3090 

.  06)75 

5. 1275 
.  2835 
.  0823 
.1525 
.1340 
.  1067 
.  0680 

2. 0()25 
.  0980 
.1385 
.  1238 
,5717 

2. 03')5 
.4745 
.8778 

2. 0302 
.7933 
.3547 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  gs/afe--  Continued 

Briones,  Luis 

Bryan,  Mary  R 

Burbos,  Brigido 

Burgos,  Filoiuena 

Burgos,  Raynuindo 

Caballero,  Angela 

Caballes,  Carmolino 

Caballes,  Jos6  &  Dominga.  . 

Cabanas,  Lucila 

Cabardo,  Eucebio 

Cabarrubias,  Bacilio 

Cabarrubias,  Bibiana 

Cabrera,  Diego 

Cabrera,  Fermin 

Cabucos,  Fermin 

Cabucos,  Petrona 

Cabucos,  Rui:)erta 

Camacaylan,  Simpiicio 

Cominadi,  Pedro 

Campbell,  Colin 

Carbajal,  Marcela 

Castada,  i^^ucebio 

Causing,  Eulalio  E 

Causin,  Rufina 

Cebu  Golf  Club 

Ceniza,  Tereza 

Ceiiido,  Isabel 

Cerilles,  Tomas 

Chan,  Pa 

Chiong,  Ta(5rdo  L 

Cinco,  Segundo 

Cinco,  Tomasa 

Clarin,  Jose  A 

Cllmaco,  Arcenio 

Climaco,  Felicidad 

Cobarde,  BaciJia 

Cobcuban,  Matias 

Cublan,  Arcadia 

Coblan,  Tcodora 

Codilla,  Sotero 

Codira,  Pedro 

Codiro,  Maria 

Codoy,  Dorotoo 

Colina,  Bartolome 

Colina,  Dam aso 

Colina,  Eulogio 

Colina,  Geronimo 

Colina,  Pablo 

Cohna,  Potenciano 

Colina,  Frisco 

Colina,  Ricardo 

Colina,  Romualdo 

Colina,  Rufo 

Concepcida,  Vicente 

Coverley,    \  .G 

Crisdlogo,  Mariano 

Crisdstomo,  Rogaciana 

Cuaresma,  Juan 

Cuestas,  Petronila 

Cui,  Maria 

Cuico,  Potenciano 

Cuico,  Silvina 

Cuison,  Felipe 

Diola,  Alipia 

Diongson,  Agapita 

Dumalaqan,  Paulina 

Dy  Poco 

Echavez,  Alejandro 

Echavez,  Brigida 

Encabo,  Apolonio 

Encabo,  Epifanio 

Enriques,  Adriano 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 3013 

2. 1095 
.0332 
.1448 
.0835 
.5145 
.0467 
.1125 
.0838 
.0725 
.1637 

1. 5873 

4.8597 
.4950 
.4155 
.  2370 
.9410 
.  2618 
.0490 

3. 1767 
.376)8 
.1852 
.1183 

2. 5697 

2. 9913 

6. 7587 
.1533 
,0652 
.0793 
24. 8875 
.0670 
.0987 

2. 5963 
27. 2945 

1.3820 
.0785 
.0752 
.3193 

3. 9800 
.3285 
.0275 
.4517 
.0705 

4. 3948 
.1527 

4. 6480 
.4288 

2.51S7 

1.9345 
.1605 
.0765 
.0265 
.9898 
.7240 

1.6172. 
13.9275 
.0960 
.2393 
.0665 
.2312 
.7325 
.2050 
.6188 
.4277 
.2650 
.0638 
.2750 

3. 5512 
.0705 

1.3313 

.0680 

33.1662 


78 


ADMIlSriSTEATTON   OP  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  estate— Continued. 

Enriquez,  Consolacion 

Enriquez,  Pastor 

Esguerra,  Santiago 

Fajardo,  Tedfilo  A 

Famador,  Pantaleon 

Famador,  Sotera 

Fernandez,  Marta 

Flores,  Anacleto 

Flores,  Apolinario 

Floras,  Clemen 

Flores,  L4zaro 

Flores,  Remigia 

Floreta,  ("aiidelaria 

Floreta,  Fabian 

Floreta,  Francisca 

Floreta,  Matea 

Fortuna,  Josefa 

Francisco,  Victorino 

Franco,  Domingo 

Funtariar,  Andres 

Funtanar,  Elena 

Funtanar,  Felipa 

Funtanar,  Flacida 

Funtanosa,  Balbino 

Funtanosa,  Dorotea 

Funtanosa,  Estefania 

Gabtno,  Florencio 

Galan,  Nicolasa 

Galarse,  Segundo 

Galarse,  Siinona 

Garnett,  Eugene 

Go- .Toco 

Go,  Pongco 

Gogo,  Eugenio 

Gogo,  Teodora 

Gorordo,  Juan  P 

Gosallas,  Eorenzo 

Government  of  the  Philippine 

Islands 

Gdmez,  Jose 

Gonzales,  Alfonza 

Gonzales,  Melchor 

Guangco,  Dionisia 

Guardiana,  Maria 

Gutierrez,  Julian 

Hermosa,  Adriana 

Hermosa,  Irinea 

Hermosa,  Teodora 

Herrera,  Lucio 

Hollis,  W.J 

Homan,  Harold 

Idel,  Fabian 

Ignacio,  Juan 

Ingayo,  Guillermo 

Ingles,  Escolastica 

Ingles,  Graciano 

Ingles,  Leonora 

Inocian,  Juan 

Inocian,  lAiisa 

Inocian,  Pabto 

Inocian ,  Sil vestre 

Ifion ,  Magdaleno 

Jacalan ,  Benito 

Jerez,  Juan 

Jumauan,  Eulogia 

Jumauan ,  Pablo 

Jurado,  Maria 

I-ahares,  Potenciano 

Landon,  R.  Robert 

Lao,  Calixto 

Law,  D.  Kingson 

Leyson,  Anatalia 

Leyson,  DAmaso 

Leyson,  Magdalena 

Leyson,  Vicente 

Liao,  Lleco 

Lira,  Chinque 

Limana,  Agatona 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased 


Area  (^in 
acres). 


2.2438 
.0952 
.1378 

3. 3150 
.1772 
.0763 
.0830 
.0385 

1. 3320 
.1705 
.1352 
.0415 
.6293 
.2985 
.0255 
.  0782 

1. 6850 
.0565 

9. 3425 
.0845 
.  0618 
.  1167 
,  2550 

1. 8025 

.0700 

17. 8170 

1. 8173 
.  0552 
.0578 

6. 0807 
23. 0748 

2. 1827 

3. 7078 

.0902 

.1225 

14. 4313 

.1070 

5. 2872 
.1110 

1. 4300 
.  3713 

1.  5840 
.  1132 

3. 7260 
.1815 

2. 4180 
.2370 
.3183 

3. 3620 

1. 0615 
.1947 
.0783 
.0520 
.  1310 

4.2762 
.4670 
.  8175 
.  2523 
.2072 
16. 9888 
.0342 
.  2508 

6. 4675- 
.  1455 

2. 5275 

4. 7137 

.5353 

17. 7096 

1.4735 

2. 5430 
10. 3260 

1.1112 
.1705 

1.3095 

7. 6235 
.5075 
.0705 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  ^sto^e— Continued, 

L6pez,  Anastacio 

L6pez,  Juan 

Lopez,  Juana 

L6pez,  Lucio 

L6pez,  Silverio 

Llama,  Rafael 

Llorente,  Martin 

Mabatid,  Brigida 

Macasero,  Bonifacio 

Macasero,  Ignacio 

Marcasero,  Jorgea 

Macasero,  Lucio 

Macasero,  Nicolas 

Macasero,  Platon 

Macasero,  Sotera 

Macasero,  Valentin 

Macasero,  Valeria 

Macasero,  Venancio 

Mack,  John  If 

Macs,  Macario 

Magana,  Melchor 

M  anangula,  1  'ablo 

Mar,  Baldornera 

Mar,  Baldornera  del 

Mar,  Claros  del 

Mar,  Cabino  del 

Mar,  Mateo 

Mar,  Santos  del 

Mar,  Vicente  del 

Marinana,  Marcelo 

Mayol,  Cirilo 

Martinez,  Celestino  B 

Medalle,  Eulalia 

Medalle,  Ger6nimo 

Medalle,  Mariano 

Medalle,  Petrona 

Menor,  Juana 

Mercado,  Cef erino 

Mercado,  Constancia 

Mercado,  Emiliano 

Mercado,  Mateo 

Mercado,  Paclfico 

Mendoza,  Aguedo 

Miel,  Apolinario 

Mijares,  Maxim  ina 

Mina,  Celidonio 

Mina,  Leonarda 

Minina,  Bonifacia 

Minina,  Romana 

Minosa,  Agapito 

Mifiosa,  Dionisio 

Miiiosa,  Doroteo 

Minosa,  Francisco 

Minosa,  Miguel 

Miranda,  Manuel 

Montaire,  Jos^ 

Murillo,  Catalino  B 

Nacar,  Julian 

Nasilla,  Bernardo 

Najaro,  Filomeno 

Napisa,  Aqaton 

Napisa,  Lucia 

Napisa,  Pedro 

Nazareno,  Vicenta 

Neis,  Ignacio 

Nepomuceno,  Meliton 

Ompoc,  Brigida 

Ompoc,  Juan 

Ompoc,  Sulpicia 

Ompoc,  Valentin 

Opendo,  Severo 

Opulentisima,  Eucebio 

Opulentislma,  Restituta 

Opulentisima,  Valentina — 

Opura,  Carlos 

Osmena,  Tomds 

Ouano,  Adrian© 

Ouano,  Gerardo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


79 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  estate—Continned, 

Ouano,  Ines 

Ouano,  Lufs 

Ouano,  Pedro 

Ouano,  Simon 

Palang,  Dionisio 

Perdon,  Raymunda 

Perpetua,  Eleuteria 

Perpetua,  Ger6nima 

Perpetua,  Tomas 

Philippine  Ry.  Co 

Pihgrino,  Rosalia 

Pond  &  Block 

Pond,  Arlington 

Presbyterian   Board  of  For- 
eign Missions 

Quejada,  Francisco 

Querubin,  Teoderica 

Quimbo,  Agapito 

Quimbo,  Clara 

Rabillos,  Petrona 

Rallos,  Victoria 

Rafferty,  James  I 

Ragas,  Hilaria 

Ragosta,  Maria 

Rallos,  Florentine 

Ramos,  Maria 

Ramos,  Zoila 

Ranili,  Petrona 

Razo,  Bernardiua 

Razo,  Gregoria 

Regis,  Magno 

Regner,  Ignacio 

Ricaldo,  Isabelo 

Risari,  Ricarda 

Rivera,  Sotera 

Roda,  Eduardo  de 

Rodis,  Isaac 

Rodis,  Vicente 

Roman  Catholic  Church 

Romanillos,  Simon 

Rodriguez,  Celestino 

Rodriguez,  Pedro 

Rodriguez,  Regina 

Romanillos,  CanT.clino 

Rosario,  Filometia  del 

Rosario,  Mariano  del 

Rubi,  Honorato 

Ruis,  Juvenal 

Saberon,  Cleto 

Saberon ,  Josefa 

Sabiron,  Ciriaca 

Sabiron,  M  atca 

Sabiron,  Zacarias 

Sabong,  Rosa 

Sadaya,  Tionifacio 

Sadaya,  Cleto 

Sadaya,  Florentina 

Sadaya,  Pablo 

Sadsad,  Melchor 

Samson,  Miguel 

Saniel,  G audencio 

Santos,  Fausta  de  los 

Sarmiento,  Gregorio 

Sarmiento,  Isabelo 

Sarreta,  Vicente 

Sarthan,  Juan 

Sator,  Pilar 

Sedeno,  Eugenio 

Sejas,  Petrona 

Selim,  Fermina 

Semio,  Magdalena 

Seno,  Angel 

Seno,  Isabelo 

Seno,  Juana 

Seno,  Timol-o 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


3. 2455 
3. 9760 

.0855 
2. 3208 

.1367 

.1328 

.4925 
7. 5625 

.1562 
26. 5828 

.1600 
8. 190s 

.6315 

9. 8045 

2. 9700 

.  0605 

.0600 

.0732 

.0895 

63. 9933 

1.2052 

4. 2025 

.  0245 

7. 4100 

1. 0848 

4.  6340 

2.4317 

.  0325 

.0115 

3. 0185 

.4358 

1. 5G67 

3. 3390 

.0853 

.7942 

.0400 

1. 0860 

30. 6533 

.0990 

.2902 

.2283 

.0627 

.0510 

.0258 

.2217 

.1235 

.1318 

.  4060 

.  0620 

.  2267 

21. 1585 

7. 5643 

.  0352 

.  3860 

.3813 

.9335 

.  3742 

.  0298 

8.  7580 

.2837 

.  0843 

.  0970 

.4935 

.  2342 

.  1965 

.  1358 

.  0390 

.  0270 

.  0602 

2. 0365 

.  2373 

.0885 

.1495 

13. 6192 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  es^aic— Continued 

Sevillana,  Adriano , 

Smith,  Bell&  Co 

Solon,  Andrea 

Solon,  Aniceta , 

Solon,  Apolinaria 

Solon,  Candida 

Solon,  Candido 

Solon,  Clemencia , 

Solon,  Ernesta 

Solon,  Esteban 

Solon,  Eulaho 

Solon,  Irene 

Solon,  Isabel 

Solon,  Juan 

Solon,  Leoncio 

Solon,  Marcclo 

Solon,  Melchor 

Solon,  Praxf  fies 

Solon,  Santiugo , 

Solon,  Sani  iago , 

Solon,  Sergio 

Solon,  Silvestra 

Solon,  Sinforoza , 

Solon,  Sofia 

Solon,  Zoilo 

Son,  Teodoro 

Son,  Pedro 

Soque,  Eueebio 

Soquefio,  Nicasio 

Servilla,  Franeisca , 

Sotto,  Vicente , 

Suico,  Celenia 

Suico,  Jose 

Suson,  Marcos 

Suson,  Melana 

Suson,  Teodora 

Switzer,  John  M 

Tallo,  Genoveva 

Tallo,  Sabina 

Tallo,  Sotera 

Tamyoc,  Sebastian , 

Tan,  Bonjuat 

Tecson,  Antero 

Tecson,  Bonifacio 

Tejano,  Pedro 

Tenchaves,  Macario 

Teves,  Mariano 

Tihano,  Adriano 

Tito,  Guillerma 

Togono,  Paulina 

Tutoy,  Bernardino 

Tutoy,  Brlgida 

Tutoy,  Juana 

Tutoy,  Salvador 

Tudtud,  Alberto 

Tudtud,  Felipe 

Thdtud,  Lope 

Tudtud,  Marta 

Tufiacao,  Florentina 

Tupas,  Vietorina 

Ugat,  Franeisca 

Upington,  C.  D 

Urgello,  Vicente 

Valle,  Matias 

Valle,  Sofia 

Vano,  Jayme 

Vargas,  Teofisto 

Velasquez,  Crisanto 

Velasquez,  Gregorio 

Velasquez,  Hilario 

Velasquez,  Maximo 

Velasquez',  Serapia 

Velazco,  Manuel 

Veles,  Juan 

Veles,  Marcial 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


47.8563 

6.6810 

.0505 

.0397 

5.0085 

.0740 

8. 3438 

.0382 

.0653 

1.6507 

1.0583 

.2100 

.1825 

2. 4655 

.1287 

.0668 

6. 3160 

.6632 

.9800 

.2623 

6. 0557 

2. 2693 

.1705 

.2445 

5. 3127 

.1588 

.2032 

.1130 

2, 2070 

.0143 

.0647 

8. 2673 

.8935 

.0457 

.9393 

.0690 

20. 7407 

.0838 

.  1645 

.1662 

.7798 

1. 1245 

3. 7772 

.2343 

.0890 

.0440 

4. 4602 

.0338 

.0460 

.  0467 

6. 9303 

4. 8787 

4. 8100 

5. 6783 

.0582 

.1385 

.2778 

.2727 

.1053 

.0187 

.6728 

2. 2005 

3. 1325 

18. 6760 

.0255 

3. 7670 

.3945 

4. 2792 

7. 3125 

2. 4683 

1. 3867 

.0708 

.1545 

3.6842 

18. 0238 


80 


ABMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910  ^  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


BarMad  estate—Conthmed. 

Vales,  Teodoro 

Veloso,  Crispina 

Veloso,  Damiana 

Villa,  Teredo 

Villalain,  Jacinto 

Villasqiiina,  Anaslacio 

Violango,  Leon 

Vinalon,  Calixto 

Vinalon,  Potenciana 

Vironga,  Teoiista 

Yap- Ankog : . . 

Yap,  Isidoria 

Zalasar,  llerm^genes 

461  purchasers;  728  sales; 
1,251.0725  acres. 

Binagbag  estate. 

Alonso,  Agii^l.in 

Bautista,  Kliceo 

Bautisla,  Federico 

Bautista,  Pedro 

Cruz,  Francisco , 

Cruz,  Inocencia  de  la 

Cruz,  Leon  de  la 

Cruz,  Mateo  de  la 

Cruz  y  Villarama,  Pedro  de  la. 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la  (B) 

Dionisio,  Alejandro 

Evangelista,  Roberto 

Guzman,  A  driano  de 

Guzman,  Clara  de 

Herrera,  Donato 

Leuterio,  Perfecto 

Manabat,  Eduardo 

Manuel,  Dionisio , 

Marcelo,  Agnslin , 

Marcelo,  Casimiro 

Ongsioco,  Damaso 

Pascual,  Miguela 

Punzal,  Maria 

Ramos,  Magdelena 

Ramos,  Miguel 

Ramos^  Pablo 

Ronquillo,  Anacleto 

Ronquillo,  Fermin 

Santiago,  Rafael 

Santos,  Juan 

Santos  y  Cruz,  Juan  de  los 

Santos,  Miguel  de  los 

Santos,  Satnrnino 

Soto,  Andres  de 

Soto  y  Guzman,  Antonio  de. . 

Tigas,  Alejandra 

Tigas,  Dominga 

Tigas,  Eucebio 

Villarama,  A  lejo 

Villarama  y  Rivera,  Juan 

Villarama,  M aria, 

Yllescas,  Jos(^ 

(42  purchasers;  49  sales; 
27.9523  acres.) 

Bifian  estate,, 

Avelina,  Juana 

Avendafio,  Bernardo 

Avendafio,  Manncla 

Avendafio,  Tiniotea 

Agremana,  Dionicla 

Aguilar,  Norberto 

Agulto,  Valentin 

Aiana,  Francisca 

Alberto,  Filomcna , . . . 

Alcabasa,  Raymundo 

Alcantara,  Dionisia 

Alcantara,  Plo 

Aldona,  Valeriana 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


4. 8127 

3. 6035 

38. 1788 

22. 3727 

3. 8353 

.3125 

.0722 

.  ()3'.3 

.  0257 

.(11.32 
.  1508 
.0557 


.0535 

.  O-idS 
.  1430 

.  2873 
.  (;i-'')0 
.01^75 

.  Q>:n\\ 

.  1823 
.  I(i88 
.  f)l()5 
.  7500 
.  1095 
.0883 
.0720 
.  03G8 
.  1013 

6. 3370 
.  0550 
.  1485 
.  0830 
10. 6023 
.1043 

1. 5555 
.  2350 
.2780 

1. 4393 
.  0390 
.  0705 
.4043 
.  0905 
.  0.)R8 
.  3090 
.1118 
.  2508 
.  0595 
.0703 
.0738 
.0353 
.  1238 
.0845 
.  1893 

1. 5753 


6. 0925 
.  1138 
.  1985 
.  1495 
.  1185 
.  3122 
.1870 
.0788 
.  1035 
.  6290 
.  1382 
.  1453 
.0945 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate — Continued. 

Alecida,  Eusebio 

Alejandria,  Anastasio 

Alcroso,  Eulalia 

Alfonso,  Bernardo 

Alfonso,  Cayet  ana 

Alfonso,  Tyeoncia 

Alfonso,  lionmalda 

Alios,  Francisca 

Aljarague,  Juan 

A llado,  Petrona 

Allado,  Rufino 

Alma,  Emiteria 

Almada,  Herrno^':eMes 

Almada,  Isaix^la 

Almada,  Se^ri i  ada 

Almadin,  Cirilo 

Almadin,  Francisco 

Almadin,  T>oronza 

Almadin ,  Pelron a 

Almadin,  Sevorino 

Almadin,  Viccnta 

AlmaliVl,  Ron) ana 

Almalves,  Bcuto 

Almalves,  Julio 

Almalves,  M  ariano 

Almalves,  W alea 

Almalves,  Sevorino 

Almalves,  I'orihia 

Almanzor,  Apolonio 

Almanzor,  Juana 

Almanzor,  Lucino 

Almaria,  Domingo 

Almariego,  Juan 

Almariego,  Leon 

Almarines,  Dalta/.ara 

Alrnarines,  Elena 

Almarines,  Felix 

Almarines,  Francisco 

Almarines,  Juan 

Almarines,  Maria 

Almarines  de  Naval,  Maria 

Almarines,  Maria 

Almarines,  Mateo 

A Imarines,  Nicasio 

Almarines,  Roman 

Almarines,  Sebastian 

Ahnasan,  Bernardo 

A  Imasan,  Bonifacia 

Almasan,  Buenas-entura. .. 

Almasan,  Dionisia 

Almasan,  Estani  iao 

Almasan,  Eugenia 

Almasan,  Fabiart 

Almasan,  Feliciano 

Almasan,  Juana 

Almasan,  Marcelo 

Almasan,  Maria 

Almasan,  Mariano 

Almasan,  M  ateo 

Almasan,  Nazario 

Almasarl,  Pedro 

Almasan,  Severino 

Almasan,  Simeon 

Almasan,  Teodoro 

Almasan,  Isai4s 

Almazon,  Leoncia 

Almazon,  Sil  veslra 

Alroazona,  Lino 

Almazora,  Eduviges 

Almazora,  I^eoncio 

Almazora,  Pedro 

Almazora,  Perfecto 

Almazora,  Rafael 

Almeda,  Antonia  C 

Almeda,  Antonia 

Almeda,  Basilia 

Almeda,  Eduviges 

Almeda,  Escolastico 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 


ADMIlSriSTRATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


81 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate-Contimied. 

Almeda,  Franeisca 

Almeda,  Gre^orio 

Almeda,  Jose 

Almeda,  Lamberlo 

Almeda,  Lorenzo 

Almeda,  Marciano 

Almeda,  Mariano 

Almeda,  Miguel 

Almeda,  Valcriano 

Almeda,  Vi(;enie 

Almedilla,  Jose 

Almedilla,  M  arcelo 

Almedina,  Manuel 

Almedina,  Romana 

Almenar,  Alexandra 

Almenar,  Andrea 

Almenor,  Catalina 

Almenor,  Juana 

Almenor,  Maria 

Almenasa,  Apolonio 

Almenasa,  Bernardino 

Almenasa,  Domingo 

Almenasa,  Rufmo 

Almendra,  Francisco 

Almendra,  Ignacio 

Almendra,  Teodori*  ,o 

Almendra!,  Agripiiio 

Almendral,  Andres 

Almendral,  Apoliuario 

Almendral,  Clemente 

Almendral,  GuilJermo 

Almendral,  Juliana 

Almendral,  Leoncia 

Almendral,  Mariano 

Almendral,  Narcisa 

Almendral,  Severina 

Almendralo,  Luisa 

Almendralo,  Segundo 

Almero,  Dionisia 

Almero,  Roman 

Almonto,  Maria 

Almoro,  Martin 

Almoro,  Paulina 

Almoros,  Andres 

Almoros,  Antera 

Almoros,  Bernab6 

Almoros,  cJiriaco 

Almoros,  Claro 

ALmoros,  Geroniina 

Almoros,  Juan 

Almoros,  I^^zaro 

Almoros,  Lino 

Almoros,  Macaria 

Almoros  Maria 

Almoros,  Pedro 

Almoros,  Saturnino 

Almoros,  Segunda 

Almoros,  Serapio 

Almoros,  Sotcra 

•  Almoros,  Tom4s 

Almoros,  Isabel 

Alod,  Victoria 

Aloloran,  Pedro 

Alomia,  Ana 

Alomia,  Arcadio 

Alomia,  Carmen 

Alomia,  Daniel 

Alomia,  Elena 

Alomia,  Felicidad 

Alomia,  Felix 

Alomia,  Hilaria 

Alomia,  Joaquin 

Alomia,  Mateo 

Alomia,  Pedro 

Alomia,  Regina 

Alomia,  Victoria , 

Alon,  Catalina , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


43. 5805 
.0233 

18. G187 
2.  C015 
.  0630 
.  0(598 
.0817 
.1608 
.1275 
.0485 
.0762 
.  4830 
.1273 
.  1065 
6. 2687 

19. 4915 
.2113 
.0430 
.  1202 
.2355 
.1085 
.  3053 
.  0670 
.0907 
.2205 
.0838 
.  0960 
.  1520 
.2737 
.1105 
.0765 
.1143 
.2170 
.2870 
.0687 
.  1265 
.1535 
.1010 
.  1168 
.  2457 
.1825 
2. 3975 
.0700 
.0473 
.0697 
.0848 
.3342 
.  1705 
.  0685 
8.  4673 
.1487 
.1013 

13. 4767 

11.4200 

.2153 

.  0495 

7. 1582 

.  4365 

11. 0990 

.0205 

.  2743 

.  1672 

.  1998 

.  0690 

6.  5472 

5.  7570 

5.  7938 

18. 6325 

15. 1810 
.0797 

20.  5173 
.1235 
.  5162 
.3438 
.1275 
.0412 
.1595 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate—Continued. 

Alon,  Felix. . . , 

Alon,  Monico 

Alon,  Paulino 

Alon,  Telesforo 

Alonday,  Estanislao 

Alonde,  Irineo 

Alon  OS,  Simeona 

Alonte,  Catalina 

Alonte,  Hilarion 

Alonte,  Jacinto 

Alonte,  Jose 

Aloquin,  Kicardo 

Alosa,  Benigno 

A losa,  Eulogio 

Alosa,  Guillcrmo 

Alosa,  Julia 

Alosa,  Marcelino 

Alosa,  M  atea 

Alosia,  Alejandro 

Alosia,  Maria 

Altamira,  Hilaria 

Altares,  Feliciana 

Altares,  Hugo 

Altares,  Ildefonso 

Altares,  Silvestre 

Altares,  Sixto 

Altares,  Vicente 

Altea,  Agustina 

Altea,  Julio  M 

Altejos,  Catalina 

Altes,  Gregorio 

Altesin,  Marcela 

Alto,  Benita 

Altura,  Alipio 

Altura,  Leoncio 

Altura,  Procesa 

Altura,  Valentin  a 

Alumno,  Estanislawa 

Alumnos,  Valentina 

Alunos,  Emeterio 

Aluyon,  Gabriel 

Alvasa,  Benito 

Alvasa,  Simedn 

Alvarez,  Sinforoso 

A  Izola,  Mateo 

Alzola,  Moises 

Alzona,  Apollinaria 

Alzona,  Baldomera 

Alzona,  Buenaventura 

Alzona,  Demetria 

Alzona,  Dionisia 

Alzona,  Eugenia 

Alzona,  Feliza 

Alzona,  Florentina 

Alzona,  Geronimo 

Alzona,  Hugo 

Alzona,  Jacinto 

Alzona,  .Tos6 

Alzona,  Julio 

Alzona,  Justa 

Alzona,  .Tustito 

Alzona,  Leandro 

Alzona,  Mareola 

Alzona,  Maxima 

Alzona,  Rufina 

Ama,  Cesaria 

Ama,  Eduarda 

Ama,  Fernando 

Ama,  Ignacio 

Ama,  Lulsa 

Ama,  Matlas 

Ama,  Sergio 

Amaba,  Andres 

A  mean,  Romualdo 

Amatorio,  Damiana 

Amatorio,  Espiridion 

Amatorio,  Juan 


Parcels 

pur- 
cnased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


82 


ADMINISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lar),ds,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Continued. 

Ambal,  Eusebio 

Ambas,  Candida 

Ambas,  Damaso 

Ambas,  Dominga 

Ambas,  Fernando 

Ambas,  Francisco 

Ambas,  Hermogenes 

Ambas,  Pedro 

Ambas,  Silvestre 

Ambas,  Victoria 

Ambatan,  Cristino 

Ambe,  Petrona 

Ame,  Braulio 

Ame,  Victor 

Amerna,  Froilan 

Amerna,  Maria 

Amodento,  Praxides 

Amoranto,  Arcadio 

Amoranto,  Calixta 

Amoranto,  Damaso 

Amoranto,  Demetria 

Amoranto,  Dominga 

Amoranto,  Escolasiico 

Amoranto,  Leon  G 

Amoranto,  Maria 

Amoranto,  Maxima 

Amoranto,  Paulino 

Amoranto,  Pedro 

Amoranto,  Regina 

Amoranto,  Roberta 

Amoranto,  Roman  G 

Amoranto,  Roman 

Amoranto,  Siiveria 

Amoran to,  '^I'ori  bio 

Amoranto,  Victorino 

Amoranto,  Ysidro 

Amorosa,  Perfeeta 

Amatorio,  Norberto 

Anajao,  Felix 

Anasao,  Basilio 

Angeles,  Josofa 

Angeles,  Santiago 

Antonio,  Margarita 

Antonio,  I'aula 

Apolinario,  1'oni4s 

Aquino,  Doroteo 

Aquino,  Salvadora 

Arba,  Victoria 

Arcangel,  Flaviano 

Arcega,  Florencia 

Arcega,  Lino 

Arcega,  Marciano 

Arcin,  Felix 

Arcin,  Juan 

Arcin,  Simona 

Arcin,  Vicenta 

Arevalo,  Eduarda 

Arevalo,  Marciano 

Arevalo,  Raymundo 

Arguelles,  Teodoro 

Artes,  Agai)ito 

Asmlr,  Apolinario 

Austria,  Florentina 

Baylon,'  Andres 

Baylon,  Bernarda 

Baylon,  Filomcna 

Baylon,  Florencio 

Baylon,  Josefa 

Baylon,  Simeon 

Baldomero,  Modesto 

Banal,  Juan 

Banalan,  Gregoria 

Bancano,  Perfecto 

Bafiaga,  Severina 

Barroso,  Andrea , 

Bartolome,  Eduarda 

Bartolome,  Eugenio , 

Bartolome,  Hilario 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.0570 
.  1800 

.0387 

.1448 

.0780 

.2850 

.1927 

.6060 

7. 3950 

.1265 

.1645 

.1153 

.3317 

.1523 

.1157 

.0793 

.1362 

1.0798 

.2475 

.6250 

8. 1392 

.0440 

.0820 

24. 1330 

20. 2370 

.2143 

.  1732 

.0920 

.2188 

.0420 

13.3280 

56. 1180 

22. 9778 

.  0585 

38. 5442 

9. 0268 

.0840 

.2242 

.3018 

.0708 

.0177 

.0110 

11. 88G0 

17. 9848 

.  28()0 

.0520 

.  0407 

.4808 

.1090 

.  1077 

3.6195 

.1095 

.0415 

2. 8323 

8. 2977 

.1240 

.1218 

6. 0332 

49. 1935 

.  1240 

.  2525 

.  0780 

.0510 

.1075 

6. 3938 

.  0907 

12. 9635 

8.  7535 

.  0885 

.0113 

4. 2587 

.4715 

.  0955 

15.6168 

.0150 

.2925 

.4732 

.0788 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate—Contmned. 

Bastiva,  Balbina 

Bastiva,  Gerardo 

Batil,  L^zaro 

Batilo,  Agatona 

Batisal,  Leoncia 

Bato,  Dionisio 

Bauan,  Diego 

Bauica,  Candida 

Bauica,  Gavina 

Bauica,  Licorio 

Bauica,  Silvina 

Bausa,  Remigio 

Bautista,  Andrea 

Bautista,  Benito 

Bautista,  G  liceria 

Bautista,  Isidoro 

Bautista,  Juan 

Bautista,  Lino 

Bayabo,  Eleuterio 

Bayadan,  Emiterio 

Bayadan,  Luisa 

Bayadna,  Andres 

Bayanid,  Brigido 

Baj^anid,  Epifania 

Bayanid,  Flipe 

Bayanid,  Florentino 

Bayanid,  Gaudeneio 

Bayanid,  Ignacio 

Bayanid,  Pedro 

Bayanid,  Sabina 

Bayanid,  Sil verio 

Bayran,  Cirilo 

Bayran,  Paula 

Bayran,  Sovero 

Bayran,  Vie!  orino 

Baysac,  Andres 

Baysac,  Engenio 

Baysac,  Lazaro 

Baysac,  Riifino 

Beabo,  Candelaria 

Beato,  Teodorico 

Beato,  Isabel 

Becas,  Hipolito 

Bedico,  A lejandra 

Bedico,  Basilio 

Bedico,  Domingo 

Bedico,  Doroteo 

Bedico,  Romualdo 

Bedico,  Vito 

Bedoya,  Aguedo 

Bedoya,  Agustin 

Bedoya,  Raymundo 

Bejusano,  Ignacio 

Bejusano,  Julian 

Bel^.n,  Engenio 

Bel6n,  Isaac 

Belen,  Jos6 

Belen,  Juan 

Belen,  Teodorico 

Belisario,  Emiterio 

Belisario,  FstaTiislana 

Belisario,  Faustino 

Belisario,  Lorenza 

Belisario,  Paulina 

15 el  isario,  Petrona 

Belisario,  Zoilo 

Beltran,  Bonifacia 

Beltran,  Babriela 

Beltran,  Petrona 

Benjamin,  Antonia 

Benjamin,  Antonio 

Benjamin,  Rosendo 

Beriiano,  Bonifacio 

Bergenia,  Benita 

Bergonia,  Estanislao 

Bergenia,  Felipa 

Bermudes,  Eulalia 

Bermudas,  Roman 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 


0. 0810 
.0812 
.0810 
.0645 
.2088 
.3697 
.3073 

17. 1692 
.3253 
.1457 
.0665 
.1798 
.4427 

4.8205 
.1510 
.4225 
.1638 
.1690 
47. 5405 
.1100 
.1535 
.0752 

3. 8820 
.2773 

1. 6302 
.1415 
.1250 
.1905 

2. 1095 
.1340 
.  4963 
.  1585 
.1360 
.1080 
.  2035 
.1730 
.4840 

1. 1380 

.7372 

15. 8183 

.  1232 

.0765 

7. 1803 
.1207 
.1095 
.3183 
.3685 
.0470 
.  1237 
.1208 
.  5107 
.1835 
.3920 
.2070 
.2210 
.3108 
.1372 
.0233 
.1262 
.2703 
.4805 
54. 8862 
.0880 
.2280 
.3135 

3. 4428 
.  1395 
.1900 
.0287 
.0698 
.2717 

3.6555 
.0765 
.0903 
.0752 
.1260 
.3610 
.6138 


ABMINISTBATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


83 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased. 


Binan  esto^g— Continued. 

Bermudes,  Tomasa 

Bersonda,  Victoria 

Besero,  Francisca 

Biay,  Brigida 

Biay,  Silveria 

Bicierro,  Rosalia 

Bicierro,  Silvina 

Bosja,  Benigno  de. 

Buhay,  Alejandro 

Buhay,  Mortin 

Cadildiego,  Mateo 

Cadiliman,  Macaria 

Cahanac,  Roberta 

Calderon,  Paula 

Calson,  Felix 

Camarrillo,  Tranquilina 

Cangeo,  Emiliano 

Cangeo,  Felina 

Cangeo,  Jose 

Cangce,  Sixta 

Capili,  Angel 

Capili,  Epifanio 

Capili,  Genoveva 

Capili,  Joaquin 

Capili,  Juan 

Capili,  Silvestre 

Capili,  Isidore 

Capunitan,  Basiiio 

Capunitan,  Epifanio 

Capunitan,  Inocencio 

Capunitan,  Justo 

Capunitan,  Leoncia 

Capunitan,  Margarita 

Capunitan,  Roperta 

Capunitan,  Tarciia 

Capunitan,  Tomasa 

Capunitan,  Toribio 

Caquiputan,  Regina 

Cara,  Dominga 

Cara,  Isidra 

Cara  Pedro 

Cara,  Siml'orosa 

Caragay,  Doroteo 

Carajasan,  Pedro 

Carale,  Anastasio 

Carale,  Clemente 

Carale,  Edilberto 

Carale,  Gregorlo 

Carale,  Juliana 

Carale,  Macario 

Carale,  Silvestra 

Carales,  Aguedo 

Carales,  Clemente 

Carales,  Ramon 

Carallan,  Daniel 

Carahan,  Lorenzo 

Caramihan,  Agustin 

Caramihan,  Ambrosia 

Caramihan,  Este])an 

Caramihan,  Gavino 

Caramihan,  Juana 

Caramihan,  Maria 

Carampatan,  Miguela 

Carampatan,  Pedro 

Carampon,  Basilio 

Caran,  Maxima 

Caraon,  Paula 

Caratihan,  Benigna 

Caratihan,  Cornelia 

Caratihan,  Eduarda 

Caratihan,  Lucio 

Caratihan,  Matea 

Caratihan,  Pablo 

Caravana,  Cesario 

Caravana,  Crecencia 

Caravana,  Florentina 

Caravana,  Francisca 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.0580 

3. 7850 
.6707 
.  1360 
.1133 
.1395 
13.8135 
.2120 
.1455 
.0677 
.1085 
.1928 
.3420 
.2805 

3.2347 
.0615 
.5920 

2.4140 

9. 1805 

5. 0025 
.3070 
.1743 
.1880 
.0625 
11. 1045 
.1845 
.  1782 
11.9575 
.  4860 
.3370 
.2153 
.  5992 
.3055 
.2963 
.0745 
.1755 
.0347 
.3370 
.0425 
.1445 
.0523 
.0530 
.3993 
.6797 
.0570 
.1077 
.0905 
.0735 
.1193 
.1123 
.7732 
.2128 
.0817 
.  0563 
.  1065 
.  0792 
.  5963 
.0155 
.  0392 
.  1125 

3. 8910 
.3330 
.  1033 

5.  3072 
.0755 
.0183 
.2275 
.  1572 
.1125 

3. 1448 
.3240 
.3897 
.2953 

6. 2035 
.1442 
.0798 
.0152 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  stoig— Continued. 

Caravana,  Marcelina 

Caravana,  Mareiano 

Caravana,  Maria 

Carayom,  Fausta 

Carayom,  Francisca 

Carayom,  Lucia 

Carayom,  Manuel 

Cardenal,  Mariano 

Cardoso,  Juan 

Cardosa,  Mateo 

Cardosa,  Narcisa 

Carencia,  Apolinario 

Cariliman,  Tomas 

Carino,  Basilia 

Carino,  Catalina 

Carino,  Claudio 

Carino,  Crisanta 

Carino,  Felipe 

Carino,  Gaudencio 

Carino,  Isidro 

Carino,  Janua 

Carino,  Lorenza 

Carino,  Maria 

Carino,  Pablo 

Carino,  Pedro  T 

Carino,  Venancia 

Cariiio,  Vicente 

Cariquitan,  Evarista 

Cariquitan,  Mannela 

Cariquitan,  Maria 

Cariquitan,  Sofia 

Caritos,  Daniel 

Caritos,  Leon 

Carizo,  Agapito 

Carizo,  Eugenia 

Carizo,  Rufino 

Carizo,  Sofia 

Carizo,  Tomas 

Carlet,  Enrique 

Carlet,  Miguel 

Carlos,  Cirilo  A 

Carola,  Getrudes 

Carola,  Gregoria 

Carola,  Patricio 

Carrasco,  Jacinto 

Carrasco,  Matea 

Carrasco,  Mateo 

Carrasco,  Petrona  A 

Carrasco,  Simeon 

Carrasco  y  Almazon,  Simeon 

Carreon,  Juan 

Carrera,  Alejandro 

Carrera,  Maria 

Carrillo,  Agapito 

Carrillo,  Clemente 

Canillo,  Miguela 

Carrillo,  Ramon 

Carrillo,  Santiago 

Cartesiano,  Francisco 

Carunungan,  Aniceto 

Carunungan,  Gavino 

Carunungan,  Geronimo 

Carunungan,  Leoncio 

Carunun|?an,  Modesto 

Carunungan,  Rom  ana 

Carunungan,  Teodoro 

Carunuiif an,  Victoriano 

Casabella,  Ambrosio 

Casabella,  Canuto 

Casabella,  Clara 

Casabella,  Enumeriano 

Casabella,  Ildefonsa 

Casabella,  Cisenando 

Casadillo,  Mariano 

Casamata,  Gregorio 

Casamata,  Hugo 

Casamata,  Jose 


Parcels 

gur- 
ased. 


1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
1 
2 
4 
1 
1 
1 
2 
3 
2 
2 
7 
1 
1 
2 
1 

18 
2 
1 
2 
1 

2. 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
5 
7 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
4 
2 
1 
3 
1 
2 
1 
1 
6 
1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
1 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0.2420 

.3873 

3.  7517 
.0815 
.0728 
.0985 
.2200 
.2230 
.1060 
.0590 
.2642 

8.  5553 

.1905 

.0517 

.2145 

21. 1482 

7. 2958 

8. 0017 

7. 2460 

20. 1885 

.0188 

.1625 

2.8677 

.0460 

52.6710 

.3078 

10.0475 

4. 1720 

.0647 

10. 7955 

23. 5700 

.0703 

.1417 

.1548 

.1170 

.2007 

.1493 

.3732 

.2943 

25. 6647 

2.1400 
.5890 
.1905 
.1737 
.1750 
.3473 
.2013 
.3670 
.1000 
.0582 
.0455 
.0315 
.1473 
.  1220 
11. 1067 

2.8408 
.7745 

9. 4540 
.0900 
.0742 
.0302 
.0575 
15.0268 
.1645 
.2035 
.1735 
.0395 
.2915 
.1565 
.0927 
.3668 
.0500 
.1892 

1.2318 
.6552 

7. 1743 


84 


ADMIKISTEATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Continued 

Casamata,  Julio 

Casainas,  Josefa 

Casano,  Apolinario 

Casano,  Eiilalia 

Casano,  Isidore 

Casas,  Mariano 

Casaysayan,  Agaton 

Casaysayan,  Benedict© 

Casaysayan,  Cosine 

Casaysayan,  Fabian 

Casaysayan,  Vicente 

Casbadillo,  Nazario 

Casbadillo,  Segunda 

Casiban,  Daniel 

Casiguran,  Apolonia 

Casihan,  Marta 

Casilag,  Juan 

Casilag,  Luisa 

Casilag,  Macaria 

Casilag,  Macaria  C 

Casilag,  Ignacia 

Casin,  Saturnino 

Casintahan,  Felicidad 

Casintasinta,  Enrique 

Casisola,  Francisca 

Casopa,  Cipriana 

Castillo,  Ce^ario  del 

Castillo,  Procesa 

Castrillo,  Anacleta 

Castrillo,  Gonoveva 

Castrillo,  Narcisa 

Castrillo,  Pelagio 

Castrillo,  Policarpia 

Castrillo,  Tomasa 

Castro,  Calixtra  de 

Castro,  Esteban  de 

Castro,  Ladislaua  de 

Castro,  Marcela  de 

Castro,  Mariano  de 

Castro,  Marta  de 

Castro,  Siniplicio 

Castro,  Simioroso 

Castro,  Valentina  de 

Casubha,  Adriano 

Casubha,  Pablo 

Casubuan,  Agueda 

Casubuan,  Ansel  ma 

Casubuan,  Arcadio 

Casubuan,  Ceferino 

Casubuan,  Francisco 

Casubuan,  Honoiio 

Casubuan,  Saturnino 

Casubuan,  Simeon 

Casubuan,  Valentin 

Casunuran,  Agaplio 

Casunuran,  Monico 

Casunuran,  Pablo 

Casunuran,  lYoceso 

Casunuran,  Teodora 

Casupang,  Cirila 

Casupang,  Diega 

Casuayan,  Raymundo 

Catada,  Juana 

Catada,  Simplicia 

Catada,  Isidora 

Cayetano,  Mateo 

Cayraul,  tlufma 

Cerdefla,  Florencia 

Cerdefia,  Leoncio 

Cerdefia,  Macaria 

Cardefla,  I  'edro 

Cerdefia,  Cerapia 

Cervantes,  Tranquilino 

Chavaria,  Eugenio 

Chuacoco,  Valentin 

Cuco,  Maria 

Claros,  Mamerta , 

Clemente,  Regina 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  ( n 
acres). 


0. 2195 
.2033 

1. 5405 
.1022 
41. 6665 
.0913 
.3507 
.2653 
.6575 
.0500 
.1860 
.1445 
.0752 
.  2138 
.1340 
.1107 
.1203 
.1480 
.0317 
.0803 
.  0503 
.  2302 
.1763 
.0885 
.0490 
.0602 
.  6365 
.0658 
.3655 
23. 5527 
.0998 
.0435 
.0750 
.6655 

6.1000 
.0920 
.0735 
.0555 

8. 7107 
.0608 
.1565 
.2697 

5. 4213 

1. 1510 
.2837 
.0430 
.6743 
.0817 
.1008 
.  6385 
.1740 
.  0817 
,  1613 
.  1155 
.4567 
.0655 
.  3308 

2.  3370 
.0885 
.  0000 
.0395 
.  4317 
.  0985 

7.  5075 
.  3688 
.1527 
.  0658 
.0885 
.0810 
.  0875 
.  3160 
.  0657 

9.  5113 
.5777 
.1580 
.2198 
.  1065 
.1617 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Bin  an  estate— Continued 

Colico,  Joaquina 

Ooncepcion,  Eugenio 

Concepcion,  Justo 

Concepcion,  Maximo 

Cortes,  Diego  A 

Cruz,  Adriano  F 

Cruz,  Agapito  de  la 

Cruz,  Ambrosio  de  la 

Cruz,  Crisanta  F 

Cruz,  Fabian  de  la 

Cruz,  Guillermo  de  la 

Cruz,  Juliano  de  la 

Cruz,  Leoncio  de  la 

Cruz,  Sixto  de  la 

Cruz,  Isidora  F 

Credo,  Severino 

Credo,  Teodoro 

Crisologo,  Manuela 

Crisologo,  Mariano 

Crisostomo,  Juliana 

Deada,  Cenon 

Deada,  Eugenio 

Deada,  Felicidad 

Deada,  Maria 

Deada,  Teodora 

Defante,  Agnstin 

Defante,  Eulalio 

Defanto,  Francisca 

Defante,  Josefa 

Defante,  Julian 

Defante,  Juliana 

Defante,  Leoncia 

Dejan,  Camila 

Demiroque,  Norberta 

Deseo,  Angel 

Dialogo,  Feliciana 

Dialogo,  Feliciano 

Dialogo,  Flaviano 

Dialogo,  liorenzo 

Dialogo,  Mamerta 

Dialogo,  Pio 

Dicdican,  Marta 

Dicdican,  Narcisa 

Dicdican,  Saturnina 

Didelis,  Geronima 

Dilag,  Ana .' 

Dilag,  Arcadia 

Dilag,  Graciana 

Dilla,  Alfonso 

Dilla,  Aniceto 

Dilla,  Isabel 

Dilla,  Mauricio 

Dimaguila,  Mariano 

Dimaranan,  Agapita 

Dimaranan,  Basilia 

Dimaranan,  Basilio 

Dimaranan,  Carlos 

Dimaranan,  Damaso 

Dimaranan,  Feli  pa 

Dimaranan,  Gregoria 

Dimaranan,  Juana 

Dimaranan,  Eeonora 

Dimaranan,  Pablo 

Dimaranan,  Pedro 

Dimaranan,  Simeona 

Dime,  Leodegaria 

Dimillo,  Zacarias 

Dili  gal,  Gabina 

Diocno,  Manuel 

Dios,  Aniceta  de 

Dios,  Marcela  de 

Dios,  Mariano  de 

D  ios,  Pascuala  de 

Disonglo,  Benlta 

Disonglo,  Filoteo 

Disonglo,  Gertrudes 

Disonglo,  Lucio 

Disonglo,  Pedro 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0. 0920 
.0465 
.1667 
.1420 
.0772 
.4503 
.1348 
.0620 
17.  4817 
.1590 
.0298 
.1090 
.1775 
.0437 
.4138 
.0672 
.0785 
46.  5573 
.0822 
.0718 

7.  5185 
.0737 
.1265 
.1255 
.0850 
.3753 
.3610 
.0702 
.0708 
.1220 
.1445 
.1150 
.2255 
.1887 
.2752 
.1555 
.1783 
.3683 
.2807 
.2445 
.2398 
.0552 
.1133 
.0567 
.0805 
.0940 
.0913 
.1080 
.2975 
.1677 
.  0635 
.1785 
.2918 

7. 1152 
39.  8895 
.  0730 
.  4043 
.1442 
41.3065 
.  1615 

7. 6920 
.8180 
.  3458 
.  3840 
.  0340 
.0.537 
.1448 
.2422 
.0145 

3.  5253 

.  6778 

.1157 

.1290 

10. 1408 

5. 2055 
.  3847 
.0948 
.0765 


ADMINISTRATION   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS, 


85 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  o^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate—Continm^d. 

Disonglo,  Perpetuo 

Diungco,  Inocencio 

Diungco,  Maximo 

Ducleina,  Mamerto 

Duero,  Valentin . . 

Elambo,  Gavino 

Enciso,  Anselma 

Enciso,  Florentina 

Encomio,  Florentina 

Encomio,  Gavino 

Endrinal,  Maria 

Enriqiiez,  Francisco 

Enriquez,  Marcelina 

Enriqiiez,  Pelicarxna 

Enriquez,  Victoriana 

Erise,  Simeon 

Eriste,  Celedofio 

Erispe,  Julian 

Escafio,  Cirilo 

Escano,  Martin 

Escano,  Pablo 

Escarte,  Felix 

Escuadro,  Eugenio 

Escuadro,  Lina 

Escuadro,  Narciso 

Escuadro,  Pedro 

Escudoro,  Melecio 

Escueta,  Angela 

Escueta,  Francisco 

Escueta,  Leoncio 

Escueta,  Lucas 

Espejo,  E varisto 

Espeio,  Juliana 

Espeleta,  Juana 

Espeleta,  Pablo 

Espeleta,  Sabas 

Espeleta,  Timotso 

Espelardo,  Gregorio 

Espinili,  Bernardino 

Espinili,  Juan 

Espinili,  Romana 

Espinosa,  Basilia 

Espinosa,  Calixto 

Espinosa,  Genaro 

Espinosa,  Numeriano 

Espirito,  Pedro 

Estanislao,  Sevcrino 

Evangelista,  Basilia 

Evangelista,  Fausto 

Evangelista,  Felix 

Evangelista,  Fernanda 

Faraon,  Doroteo 

Faraon,  Escolastico 

Faraon,  Fabiano 

Faraon,  Felipa 

Faraon,  Felix 

Faraon,  Isidoro 

Faraon,  Juan 

Faraon,  Marcelo 

Faraon,  Maxima 

Faraon,  Riifma 

Faraon,  Victoriano 

Faraon,  Isabel 

Fernandez,  Braulio 

Fernandez,  Felipe 

Fernandez,  Juan 

Fernandez,  Lulsa 

Fernandez,  Rafael 

Feliclano,  Clara 

Feliciano,  Eugenio 

Ferguson,  Frank  J 

Ferrer,  Santos 

Flores,  Dionisia 

Flores,  Fabian 

Flores,  Jacoba 

Flores,  Leoncia 

Flores,  Martin 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


1.2772 
.2085 
.1270 
.0988 
.0847 
.1493 
.0717 
.0640 
.4770 
.1375 
.  1380 
41.7103 

7. 2945 
.  3450 

13. 4977 
.0828 
.  1327 
.2078 
.  1450 
12. 0215 
.2007 
.  0615 
.1920 
.  2375 
.0515 

5. 5315 
.0805 
.0487 
.  0568 
.  1557 
.  0765 
.1320 
.3435 
.  0353 
.0602 
.0357 
.  0323 
.  1560 
.1530 
.3290 
.  1563 

5. 7892 

6.  3488 
.0950 
.1715 
.0300 
.0442 

19. 1363 
.0505 
.0950 

7. 3015 
.  0603 
.  1425 

13. 3207 
.0535 
.2560 
.  2760 
.  1363 
.0712 
.2090 
.0770 
.  1578 
.0892 
.  1933 
.1115 

3. 9102 
.0875 
.6165 

7. 9055 

6.0330 

325. 5088 

.2902 

12. 72(>8 

3.3297 
.0985 
.2205 
.1913 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Continued 

Francisco,  Carmen 

Francisco,  Jacinto 

Garcia,  Ambrosio 

GajTcia,  Angela . 

Garcia,  Basilic .. . 

Garcia,  Benedicto 

Garcia,  Camila 

Garcia,  Cornelio 

Garcia,  Gonzalo 

Garcia,  Juan  (Pob) 

Garcia,  Juan  (De  la  Paz). . 

Garcia,  Julia 

Garcia,  Marcos , 

Garcia,  Mariano . . , 

Garcia,  Nicoiasa 

Garcia,  Pablo , 

Garcia,  Pio , 

Garcia,  Romualdo 

Garcia,  Sergia 

Garcia,  Vicente , 

Gallardo,  Tomas , 

Gallego,  Clara 

Gallego,  Feliciano 

Gana,  Angela 

Gana,  Ciriaco , 

Gana,  Eduardo 

Gana,  Filomeno  O 

Gana,  Jesualdo 

Gana,  Maria  A 

Gana,  Mariano 

Gana,  Rosa 

Garganda,  Agaton 

Garganda,  Valentin 

Gedaye,  Isabel , 

German,  Consorcia 

German,  Fernando 

German,  Vicenta 

Gerodian,  Trinidad , 

Gicana,  Anacleto 

Gicana,  Eugenia 

Gicana,  Eusebia 

Gicana,  Fabian , 

Gicana,  Ines 

Gicana,  Modesto 

Gicana,  Romualdo 

Gonzaga,  Leoncia , 

Gonzaga,  Maria 

Gomez,  Isidra 

Gomez,  Paulina 

Gomez,  Victorino , 

Gonzales,  Adriana , 

Gonzales,  Angel 

Gonzales,  Angela 

Gonzales,  Ancelma , 

Gonzales,  Carlos , 

Gonzales,  Catalino , 

Gonzales,  Eduardo 

Gonzales,  Eugenia 

Gonzales,  Felipa , 

Gonzales,  Felisa , 

Gonzales,  Francisca 

Gonzales,  Francisco , 

Gonzales,  Hilarion 

Gonzales,  Josefa 

Gonzales,  Juliana 

Gonzales,  Lazaro 

Gonzales,  Marcela 

Gonzales,  Marcelo 

Gonzales,  de  Mata  Maria.., 

Gonzales,  Mariano  Z 

Gonzales,  Nicasia. , 

Gonzales,  Pedro 

Gonzales,  Sixta 

Gonzales,  Tito , 

Gonzales,  Tomas , 

Granado,  Bernabe 

Granado.  Damiana , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0.4197 

38.8640 

.0800 

.1158 

7.  7710 

.2827 

8.9750 

18. 1023 

10. 1490 

20. 1867 

.0373 

.0755 

8. 5040 

.0597 

.3368 

.0820 

.1010 

.1452 

38. 5380 

14.9833 

.0685 

.0370 

.  0390 

.2625 

73. 8590 

31.3077 

88. 8875 

7.9738 

88. 1327 

.6817 

.4605 

.6405 

.2083 

.  3360 

15. 3978 

9.6067 

14. 4478 

.3670 

.3135 

.5385 

.1667 

.2313 

.1685 

.2167 

.1860 

.  1665 

.1575 

3. 8770 

.1443 

.0572 

36. 6793 

.0855 

9.  7877 

.1033 

.1130 

.3567 

.0768 

.0492 

.5110 

.0788 

.0870 

.2882 

1. 3933 

.1285 

.1165 

19. 1765 

.0775 

.0372 

8. 2493 

.  2602 

21.9845 

.3360 

.3368 

.0260 

.2588 

.2893 

.6825 


86 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Bifian  estate— Continued. 


Guerrero,  Vicenta 

Guevara,  Fabiana 

Guico,  Agapito .  . 

Guico,  Anastacio 

Guico,  Aurea ...   

Guico,  Braulio ... 

Guico,  Calixta 

Guico,  Claro 

Guico,  Fernando 

Guico,  Florentino 

Guico,  Francisco . . , 

Guico,  Graciano  . .   

Guico,  Ignacio 

Guico,  Josefa 

Guico,  Justa 

Guico,  Leoncia 

Guico,  Pedro 

Guico,  Ilegino 

Guico,  Sinforoso 

Guzman,  Anastasia 

Guzman,  Bibiana  de 

Guzman,  Cirila  de 

Guzman,  Faustina  de 

Guzman,  Felipe  de . . 

Guzman,  Francisco  de — 

Guzman,  Zacarias  de 

Hermosa,  Benita 

Hernandez,  Gregorio 

Herrera,  Juliana 

Hilaga,  Leon 

Infante,  Andres , . 

Infante,  Antonio 

Infante,  Pablo . 

Injornio,  Cornelio 

Inmenso,  Pedro 

Insorio,  Doroteo 

Jacinto,  Martin 

Jaojoco,  Justiniano 

Jaurigue,  Apolonia 

,  Jaurigue,  Balbina . . 

Jaurigue,  Bonifacia 

Jaurigue,  Claro . 

Jaurigue,  Gregorio 

Jaurigue,  Jos6 . 

Jaurigue,  Marcelo 

Javier,  Catalino 

Javier.  Emigdio 

Javier,  Jos^. 

Javier,  Romualda 

Javier,  Sotero 

Jibuan,  Rufina 

Jimena,  Isidora 

Jimenez,  Aniceto 

Jimenez,  Martina 

Jimenez,  Prime 

Jimenez,  Saturnine 

Joaquin^  Bernardino 

Jocson,  Eveoncia 

Jocson,  Rufina 

Jordan,  Bartola 

Juson,  Barbara 

Juson,  Josefa 

Juson,  Macario 

Juson,  Maria 

Juson,  Pelagia 

Juson,  Vicente 

Lacanpueflga,  Eistanislao. 

Lara,  Ambrosio . 

Larcada,  Narciso 

Lasaga,  Felix 

Lascano,  Cirilo 

Lascano,  Francisca 

Lascano,  Tomasa 

Lastima,  Aquilina 

Lastima,  Francisca 

Lastima,  Mamerta 

Lastima,  Vitaliano 

Latag,  Petronila 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0. 3290 
.1400 
.0380 
.1480 
.1237 

2. 8770 
.0830 
.0472 
36. 3113 
31. 7365 
.5215 
.1848 

6. 7747 

5. 3557 
.1180 
.0952 
40. 0442 
.1048 
31.0985 
.  3350 
.1190 
.0945 
.0710 
.3010 

3. 2965 
.1850 
.2055 
.  2600 
.1510 
.0982 

2. 6820 
.2025 
.3127 
.3168 
.1540 
.2595 
.2280 
90. 5965 
.0710 
.0923 
.0500 

3.  6722 
.1105 
.0978 

7.  6622 
.1140 
.1418 
.0652 
.1710 
.0465 
.0420 
.1030 
.0793 
.5332 
.0630 
24. 7203 
.2260 
.2847 
.2780 
.0885 
.0880 
.0742 
.0895 
.0313 
.1048 
.0952 
.1720 
.2290 
.3017 
.1443 
.1493 

1. 0852 
.0630 

6. 3723 
.0730 
.0740 
.0582 
.4450 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  este^e— Continued. 


Latagan,  Raymundo 

Lauas,  Alejandra , 

Lauas,  Arcadio , 

Lauas,  Bonifacia 

Lauas,  Toribia 

Lanchangco,  Teresa 

Laureola,  Vicente 

Lavador,  Benedicto 

Lavilla,  C4ndido 

Lavilla,  Perfecto 

Layacan,  Dorotea 

Layacan,  Ignacio 

Layacan,  Juan 

Layacan,  Severino 

Layao,  Cervasio 

Layao,  Mariano 

Layog,  Deogracias 

Layos,  Dalmacio 

Layos,  Natalio 

Layos,  Pedro 

Layos,  Roberto . . 

Layos,  Sergio 

Layugan,  Tomas 

Lazareto,  Santiago 

Lazcano,  Nazario . 

Leafio,  Pio 

Legasto,  Mauricio 

Legasto,  Pedro 

Legasto,  Petrona 

Legasto,  Silverio 

Lejos,  Maria  de 

Le6n,  Pastor  L.  de 

Ledn,  Pedro  L.  de 

Lerpido,  Anastasia 

Lerpido,  Bonifacio 

Lerpido,  Margarita 

Lerpido,  Patricio 

Lerpido,  Santiago 

Lerpido,  Severe 

Lerpido,  Tiburcio 

Leyva,  Anacleto 

Leyva,  Barceliza 

Leyva,  Basilla 

Leyva,  Cosme 

Leyva,  Eleno 

Leyva^  Esteban 

Leyva,  Melecio 

Leyva,  Pedro 

Leyva,  Petrona 

Ligaya,  Anastasio 

Ligaya,  Aquilino 

Ligtas,  Josefa 

Lijanco,  Emilia 

Lim,  Rosario  de 

Limcanco,  Francisco . . . 

Limcanco,  Paulina 

Lim.ciangco,  Pelagia 

Limciangco,  Tito 

Limcanco,  Valentina . . . 

Limosnero,  Bibiana 

Ltmosnero,  Bonifacia... 

Limosnero,  Ceferino 

Limesnero,  Escolastico  , 

Limosnero,  Justita 

Limosnero,  Maria 

Limosnero,  Santos 

Limosnero,  Simona 

Liuanag,  Antonina 

Liuanag,  Jose 

Liuanag,  Martin 

Lontoc,  Mamerta 

L6pez,  Francisco 

L6pez,  Le<5n 

L6pez,  Lorenzo 

L5pez,  Lorenzo  (old) , . . 

L6pez,  Mariano 

L6pez,  Matea 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


87 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July  ^  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased. 


Binan  estate— Coniinned.. 


L<5pez,  Pedro 

Loyola,  Bonifacia  de. . . 

Loyola,  Calixta  de 

Lumagui,  Francisco  . . . 

Lumagui,  Rufina 

Luna,  Rufina  de 

Magante,  Juan 

Magante,  Regino 

Magcale,  Apolonia 

Magcale,  Camilo 

Magcale,  Francisco 

Magcale,  Martin 

Magno,  Anacleto 

Mahalin,  Policarpo 

Maloma,  Santiago 

Malona,  Valeriano 

Manabat,  Crispina 

Manabat,  Teodorico. . . 

Manabat,  Ysidoro 

Manalaysay ,  Juan 

Mance,  Alejandra 

Mance,  Anastacio 

Mance,  Antonia 

Mance,  Estanislao 

Mance,  Hospicia 

Mance,  Justo 

Mance,  Maria 

Mance,  Patricio 

Mance,  Rufino 

Mance,  Santiago 

Mance,  Isabel 

Manila  R.  R.  Co 

Manzo,  Buenaventura. 

Manzo,  Dolores 

Manzo,  Gerarda 

Manzo,  Gervasia 

Manzo,  Jose 

Manzo,  Lorenzo 

Manzo,  Ponciano 

Manzo,  Rosenda 

Manzo,  Rufina 

Manzo,  Tecla 

Manzo,  Zacarias 

Mapanoo,  Placido 

Maqui,  Teresa 

Maranan,  Augustin 

Maranan,  Domingo 

Maranan,  Gregoria 

Maranan,  Juliana 

Maranan,  Mateo 

Maranan,  Severino 

Marano,  Casimera 

Marasigan,  Gregoria . . . 

Maravilla,  Basilio 

Maravilla,  Leocadia 

Marbella,  Rafael 

Marceliana,  Feliciano.. 
Marceliana,  Jacobina. . 

Marcilla,  Domingo 

Marcilla,  Francisca 

Marcilla,  Jacinto 

Marcilla,  Marcelo 

Marcilla,  Monico 

Marco,  Eugenia 

Marco,  Eusebio 

Marfil,  Daniel 

Marm,Eladio 

Marfil,  Gregoria 

Marfil,  Isidore 

Marfil,  Magdalena 

Marfil,  Norberta 

Marfil,  Rosendo 

Marfil,  Tormas 

Marfil,  Victoriano 

Marfori,  Filomena 

Marfori,  Potenciana 

Margallo,  Antonio 

Mariquit,  Cristobal 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 1235 
.2630 

3. 55G5 
10. 0545 

8. 1723 
.4137 

2. 8618 
21. 0785 
12. 8672 

8. 0238 
.0342 
.1720 
.  1077 
.  2617 
.0797 
.  1203 
.  0623 

1.3162 
.1275 
.0298 
.0482 
.0833 
.1035 
.  3683 
.2770 

9. 9060 

10. 7020 

.3825 

.  0525 

.  0605 

.  3970 

33. 1838 

12. 2325 

8. 3998 

7.4640 
.1222 

3. 3015 
.0772 

1. 4653 
.  0370 

4. 6870 
.  0837 

7. 0140 
.1243 
.0890 
.  1858 
.  1()05 

7. 9620 

.  0097 

10. 2283 

1. 2460 
.2485 
.1317 
.  1495 
.2513 
15. 1880 
.1390 
.0997 
.0928 
.  0862 
.1497 
.  1388 
.0755 

1. 0250 
.2288 
.  2060 
.  0380 
.0870 
.0805 

4. 4610 

5.  9497 
.2025 

4. 9270 

.1185 

23. 3620 

15. 1690 

.1003 

.0850 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  gs^a^g— Continued 

Marquez,  Feliciano 

Marquez,  Isidro 

Marquina,  Jose , 

Marquina,  Julio 

Marquina,  Marcelino , 

Marquina,  Vicenta 

Masangcay ,  Antero 

Masangcay,  Antonio , 

Masangcay,  Eligio , 

Masangcay,  Josd , 

Masangcay,  Maria 

Masangcay,  Ygnacio 

Masusi,  Gregoria 

Mata,  Antonina  de 

Mata,  Cirilo  de 

Mata,  Fabian  de 

Mata,  Jorge  de 

Mata,  Pablo  de 

Mata,  Perfecta  de 

Matauaraw,  SS,ntiago 

Maulit,  Juan , 

Martinez,  Clemencia 

Medalia,  Edilberta 

Medina,  Marcelo 

Medina,  Teodora 

Medina,  Victorina 

Medina,  Victorina , 

Medina,  Vietorio 

Melgar,  Juanita 

Mendiola,  Augustina 

Mendiola,  Flaviano 

Mendiola,  Rosalio 

Menguito,  Cornelio 

Menguito,  Le6n 

Menguito,  Raymundo 

Mercado,  Balbino 

Mercado,  Benita 

Mercado,  Buenaventura . . . 

Mercado,  Cirilo 

Mercado,  Eugenia 

Mercado,  Eugenio 

Mercado,  Faustina 

Mercado,  Isidro 

Mercado,  Juliana 

Mercado,  Justo 

Mercado,  Macaria 

Mercado,  Marcas 

Mercado,  Maxima 

Mercado,  Modesto 

Mercado,  Primo 

Mercado,  Rufino 

Mercado,  Saturnine 

Mercado,  Serapio 

Mercado,  Silvestra 

Mercado,  Timoteo  Y 

Mercado,  Tomds 

Mercado,  Tomasa 

Mercado,  Vincente 

Mendoza,  Carmen 

Mendoza,  Clemente 

Mendoza,  Justito 

Mendoza,  Justo 

Mendoza,  Margarita 

Mendoza,  Maria 

Mendoza,  Romualdo 

Mendoza,  Sixto 

Miranda,  Cecilio 

Miranda,  Crispina 

Miranda,  Damaso 

Miranda.  Dionicia 

Miranda,  Elena 

Miranda,  Elias 

Miranda,  Genaro 

Miranda,  Gregorio 

Miranda,  Hemiogines 

Miranda.  Irineo 

Mirandai  Irtueo 

Miranda,  Juana 


Parcels      .  ^^„  .. 

pur-       ^^^a  (*» 
chased.      *cres). 


0. 1615 

.0997 

.0795 

.1235 

10. 4200 

7.7040 

.1243 

.1047 

17. 4400 

7. 3805 

.1340 

.4208 

.0995 

.4592 

L9863 

.0542 

.0913 

21. 8030 

14. 8730 

.  1380 

.3920 

.0755 

18.  9887 

.1953 

21. 5287 

.1285 

.1665 

.8825 

.0738 

.1490 

.2427 

.0293 

.1377 

.4475 

.0868 

.3566 

.0815 

.0790 

.0727 

.2218 

.3502 

.0888 

.0440 

.1470 

.1772 

.0675 

24. 3275 

.2595 

.0983 

.0207 

.0660 

.3100 

.0740 

.0973 

17.7172 

.0975 

.0848 

.  1392 

6. 6593 

.1675 

.2957 

1. 5163 

8.0232 

.37.53 

.  2627 

.0747 

12. 1763 

4.9237 

.0757 

.1023 

.1457 

.4470 

.3233 

.0450 

.1710 

.0427 

5 

35.6873 

2 

.3485 

88 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  landsy  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July^  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


BiMn  estate— ConiiimQ^. 

Miranda,  Jiista 

Miranda,  Laureana .... 

Miranda,  Laureana 

Miranda,  Leandro 

Miranda,  Marcelo 

Miranda,  Modesto 

Miranda,  Nicolas 

Miranda,  Sergia 

Miranda.  Trinidad. 

Miranda,  Valeriano 

Miranda,  Vicente 

Molina,  Celedona -  - 

Molina,  Narcisa 

Montafies,  Apolonio 

Montafies,  Cesareo 

Montafies,  Crispulo 

Montafies,  Eusebio .... 

Montafies,  Juana 

Morales,  Donata 

Morales,  Eugenio 

Morales,  Gregorio 

Morales,  Macaria 

Morales,  Mariano 

Morales,  Victoriano 

Municipality  of  Binan 

Naval,  Emiteria 

Naval,  Faustino 

Naval,  Faustino 

Naval,  Felix 

Naval,  Geronimo 

Naval,  Jos6 

Naval,  Josefa 

Naval,  Juana 

Naval,  Nazario 

Naval,  Sergio 

Naval,  Toni4s 

Nello,  Silverio 

Nielo,  Regino 

Nielo,  Tiburcio 

Nisola.  Modesto 

Nolasco,  Tomasa 

Nulat,  Ciriaoo 

Obispo,  Lucia 

Ocampo,  Adriano 

Ocampo,  Dionisia 

Ocampo,  Edilberto 

Ocampo,  Gregorio 

Ocampo,  Isabel 

Ocampo,  Jos6 

Ocampo,  Lorenzo  de 

Ocampo,  Marcelo 

Ocampo,  Ram6n 

Ocampo,  Rora&n  de 

Ocboa,  Andr6s 

Ochoa,  Cesaria 

Odon,  Primo 

Oliveros,  Isidoro 

Oliveros,  .Tos6 

Ordofies,  Leocadio 

Fabalan,  Cecilia 

Pabalan,  Grenorio 

Pabalan,  Guillerma 

Pabalan,  Rufino 

Pabalan,  Segunda 

Padua,  Catalina 

Padua,  Estanislao  L 

Padua,  Francisca 

Padua,  Gerarda 

Padua,  Le6n 

Padua,  Lucas 

Padua,  Perfecta 

Pagtachan,  Joaquin 

Paguia,  Cirilo 

Palermo,  Maria 

Palma,  Mariano 

Papa,  Eulalia 

Paradina,  GHcerla 

Paradina,  Maria 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.0807 

8.6643 

.1182 

.1220 

15.6073 

13.0735 

.1812 

.2020 

6.5143 

.0330 

.  1322 

.1710 

5. 4400 

.3465 

.7478 

.6305 

.0787 

.2375 

.  1718 

.1520 

6. 5102 

.1195 

.1233 

.1623 

1.1825 

.6970 

.2537 

.4705 

.1330 

.1490 

.0955 

.0308 

.1022 

.2628 

.0725 

.0667 

.8032 

.  1370 

.3680 

11.2685 

1.3833 

.  4030 

.0373 

.0942 

.1500 

16. 6285 

.3765 

78. 7633 

10. 0670 

1. 1615 

.  32G0 

30. 5185 

.  0572 

.0725 

.0703 

.  2785 

.  0475 

.  1252 

.  1433 

.  1795 

.  1810 

.0615 

.0807 

.0798 

69. 8127 

13. 3738 

14. 1340 

.0922 

.  4033 

13. 0622 

.  0P23 

.  05(^5 

.  0787 

16. 4798 

2.7057 

.1155 

9. 1020 

.0868 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate — Continued. 


Paradina,  Severino 

Paranete,  Lazaro 

Parao^  Ciriaco 

Parati,  Justo 

Parcon,  Antero 

Parcon,  Baldomera 

Parcon,  Faustino 

Parolina,  Eulalia 

Parolina,  Severo 

Pascasio,  Apolonia 

Pascasio ,  Felipe 

Pascasio,  Juan 

Pascasio,  Macaria 

Pascasio,  Rufina 

Pascasio,  Teodora 

Pascual,  Calixta 

Pascual,  Juliana 

Pascual,  Ildelonsa 

Paular,  Estanislao 

Paulin,  Sertria 

Paz,  Josefa  de  la 

Pecafia,  Rupert^ 

Pena,  Anioeta 

Pena,  Apolonio 

Pena,  Bartolome 

Pena,  Bacelisa 

Peiia,  Damaso 

Pena,  Francisca 

Pena,  Leonarda 

Pefta,  Ramon 

Perlas,  Pablo 

Perez,  Pabiana 

Perez,  Francisca 

Perez,  Rufino 

Ponce,  Antonio 

Ponce,  Joacjuin 

Ponce,  Jose 

Potenciano,  Bernardina. 

Potenciano,  Carmen 

Potenciano,  Felix 

Potenciano,  Florencio . . . 
I^otenciano,  Francisco . . . 

I'oteneiano,  Isidro 

Potenciano,  Pablo 

Potenciano,  Paula 

Presbitero,  Francisco 

Proceso,  I^orenza 

Protasio,  Isabela 

Purificasion,  Leonila 

Quintos,  Engracio 

Quiogilag,  Angel 

Quiogilag,  Braulio 

Quisiquisi,  Anastasio 

Quisiquisi,  Fortunata. . . 

Quisiquisi,  Gaspar 

Quisiquisi,  Regmo 

Ramirez,  Aleja 

Ramirez,  Anastacio 

Ramos,  Dionisia 

Ramos,  Domingo 

Ramos,  Eulalia 

Raymtmdo,  Arcadio 

Requinto,  Justiniana 

Revilla,  Francisca 

Revilla,  Magdalena 

Reyes,  Ambrosio 

Reyes,  Aniceta 

Reyes,  Bernardo 

Reyes,  Catalina 

Reyes,  Ciriaco 

Reyes,  Crisanto 

Reyes,  Domingo 

Reyes,  Doroteo 

Reyes,  Eligio 

Reyes,  Eusebia. 

Reyes,  Felipe 

Reyes,  Francisco 

Reyes,  Gerarda 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


89 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  shovjing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — ContinTied. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Continned. 


Reyes,  Gregoria  de  los 

Reyes,  Gregoria 

Reyes,  Gregorio , 

Reyes,  Gregorio,  in  commu- 
nity with  sister  and  brother, 

Reyes,  Hilarion 

Reyes,  Isidro 

Reyes,  Juan 

Reyes,  JuHana 

Reyes,  Juliana  de  los 

Reyes,  Leoncia , 

Reyes,  Lucia 

Reyes,  Marciano 

Reyes,  Maria 

Reyes,  Mariano 

Reyes,  Matea 

Reyes,  Melecio 

Reyes,  Modesta 

Reyes,  Modesto , 

Reyes,  Petrona , 

Reyes,  Ramon 

Reyes,  Rufina , 

Reyes,  Severino 

Reyes,  Telesfora , 

Reyes,  Tomasa , 

Rianzares,  Ana  B 

Ricafor,  Pedro 

Riofrio,  Clara 

Riofrio,  Engracia , 

Riofrio,  Francisca , 

Riofrio,  Manuel , 

Riomalos,  Teodora 

Rivera,  Cesario 

Rivera,  Leoneia 

Rivera,  Silvino 

Rivera,  Tom^s 

Rivera,  Valentin 

Rizal,  Conon 

Rizal,  Mercado  Felipa 

Rosa,  Canuto  de  la 

Rosa,  Matea  Santa , 

Rosario,  Alejandra , 

Rosario,  Catalino  del 

Rosario,  Escolastico  del 

Rosario,  Hospicio  del 

Rosario,  Sabas , 

Rosas,  Macaria  de 

Roxas,  Jos(5 

Roxas,  Justo 

Roxas,  Regino 

Roxas,  Salvadora , 

Rubio,  Engracia 

Salandanan,  Dionicio 

Salandanan,  Eustacjuio 

Salandanan,  Francisca 

Salandanan,  Irinea 

Salandanan,  Isidora 

Salandanan ,  Lucia 

Salandanan,  Manuel , 

Salandanan,  Marcelino 

Salandanan,  Mariano 

Salandanan,  Modesto , 

Salandanan,  Pedro 

Salandanan,  Simeon 

Salandanan,  Simona 

Salandanan,  Teodoro 

Salaysay ,  Juan 

Salomon,  Francisca 

Salomon,  Vicente 

Salonga,  Victoriano 

Samaniego,  Aristdn 

Samaniego,  Jos^. 

Samson,  Alejandro 

Samson,  Doroteo 

Samson,  Felix 

Samson,  Gavino 

Samson,  Juan T . . . 

Samson.  Justo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


0. 2240 
.0872 
.1748 

.0782 
3. 4995 
7. 2G70 
.9110 
.1183 
.0677 
.0868 

10. 2695 
.7187 

31.0575 
.8083 
.1185 
.3090 
.0775 

27. 6855 
.  1610 
.1975 
.1352 
.2418 
.0476 
.0458 

14. 2358 
.1003 
.1137 
6. 3530 
.0728 
.1427 
.0903 
.4322 
.0423 
.3945 
.3102 
.0735 
.  1858 

52. 0955 

.2275 

.3582 

5.7895 

.1893 

.0892 

.0373 

.  1525 

.  4635 

.0940 

.  2145 

.0822 

8. 0948 

7. 6835 

10.5250 
.3147 
.1218 
.1152 
.  1248 
.  1345 
.0495 
.  1457 
.7843 
.1842 
.  0668 
..0772 
.2043 
.  2247 
5.4108 
.  1060 
.  6435 
.  1285 
.1215 
.  1295 
.  1415 
.1785 
.1420 
1.  7542 
.  1933 


.  1585 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Contiimed. 

Samson,  Macaria 

Samson,  Martin 

Samson,  Maximiana , 

Samson,  Salome 

Samuel,  Guillermo 

Sanchez,  Andres 

Sanchez,  A  nice  to 

Sanchez,  Dominga 

Sanchez,  Epifania 

Sanchez,  Estanislao 

Sanchez,  Maximo 

Sanchez,  Nicolas 

Sanchez,  Pablo 

Sanchez,  Pantaleon 

Sanchez,  Pio 

Sanchez,  Rosendo 

Sanchez,  TomAs 

Sanchez,  Toribia 

Santi,  Ililario 

Santiago,  Guillermo 

Santos,  Andres  de  los 

Santos,  Ciriaca  de  los 

Santos ,  Felix  de  los 

Santos,  Jorge  de  los 

Santos,  de  Lejos,  Jos6 

Santos,  Juan  de  los 

Santos,  Maximina  de  los.. 
Santos,  Venancia  de  los... 

Santos,  Vicente  de  los 

Sarasa,  Macaria 

Sarasa,  Ysidoro 

Sarmiento,  Euloglp 

Sarmiento,  Francisco 

Sarmiento,  Leocadia 

Sarmiento,  LuLsa 

Sarmiento,  Numeriano 

Sarmiento,  Pablo 

Saual,  Severo 

Saual,  Simplicio 

Saual,  Vicenta 

Savillo,  Antonino 

Seguerra,  Crispulo 

Seguerra,  E  stanislaua , 

Seguerra,  Ignacio 

Seguerra,  Juan 

Seguerra,  1  /Uisa , 

Seguerra,  Simi)licio 

Segui,  Lazara , 

Segui,  Victor , 

Segui,  Victoriano 

Scvillo,  Jos6 , 

Sidan,  Maria , 

Silva,  Adcla , 

Silva,  Jos6  de 

Silva,  Past  or  de 

Silva,  Zacarias  de 

Silvcstre,  Eleuteria 

Sison,  Celestino , 

Sison,  Maria 

Sison,  Mariano 

Sison ,  }  \  artin 

Tadeo,  Justa 

Tanael,  A nastasio , 

Tanael,  Fernando , 

Tanael,  Perpetuo , 

Tangana,  Vicente , 

Tangangco,  Rufino 

Tandingco,  David , 

Tanedo,  Jos6 , 

Tatnlin,  Anacleta , 

Taytay,  Emiteria , 

Taytay ,  Juan , 

Tcfiorio,  Derotea 

Tffiido,  Angel 

Teiiido,  Bias , 

Tenido,  Luciana 

Tiongco,  Celerino 

Toledo,  Eugenia 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


23 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.  0402 
.2470 
.  1835 
.  1328 
.0737 
.0278 
.  0510 
.0875 
.0765 
.0205 
.3760 
.0470 
.1020 
.3535 
.0375 

3.  7080 
.2835 
.0305 
.1740 
.  0605 
.  1600 
.1130 
.2437 
.1345 
.1190 
.1498 
.1990 
.2085 

6.  7500 
.0957 
.0343 
.0600 
.6327 

1.  7543 
.0745 
.3380 

6. 1643 

1.0665 
.1735 
.2317 
.0483 
.0757 
.0475 
.1025 
.  1168 
.1365 
.  0825 
.  16(>0 
.5932 
.1595 
.  2160 
.0943 
22.  7302 
.4403 
163.0912 

7.1750 
.0972 
.0818 
.0840 
.  0555 
.2975 
.  0550 

6.3913 
.0735 
.  1655 
.3357 
.1238 
.0822 
.0327 
,0973 
.0295 
.2088 
.1587 
.1383 
.2005 
.0537 
157.1383 
.1062 


82278°— H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3 10 


90 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  o^  July,  1910,  shovnng 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate— Continued. 

Tolentino,  Ciriaco 

Torres,  Brigido 

Torres,  Eulalio 

Trinidad,  K  nrica  A 

Trinidad,  Florentino 

Trinidad,  Guadalupe  C 

Trinidad,  Lina  A 

Trinidad ,  Maxima  C 

Tuason,  Pedro 

Umale,  Guillermo 

Urbano,  Severo 

Valdez,  Catalina 

Vazqiies,  Ana 

Vazques,  Ana,  and  Vazques, 

Leoncia 

Vazques,  Castor 

Vazques,Castor,and  Castrillo, 

Faustino 

Vasquez,  Leoncia 

Velarde,  Andres 

Velarde,  Gaudencia 

Velarde,  Gregorio 

Velarde,  Perpetua 

Velazco,  Andrea 

Velazco,  Joaquin 

Velazco,  Ivazaro 

Velazco,  Marcelina 

Velazco,  Maria 

Velazco,  Pedro 

Velazco,  Kosendo 

Velazco,    Teodoro,   and    Ilo- 

sendo 

Velazco,  Teodore 

Velazco,  Vicente 

Veracruz,"  Angel 

Veracruz,  Faustino 

Veracruz,  Jldefonso 

Veracniz,  Marcelina 

Veracniz,  Pelagio 

Veral,  Jacinto 

Veral,  Maria 

Veral,  Teodoro 

Verdey ,  Fermin 

Versosa,  Fabian 

Versosa,  Mariano 

Vicente,  Agatona 

Vidal,  1^'pifanio 

Villalon,  Jos(5 , 

Villano,  Isabel 

Villanueva,  Ana 

Viilanueva,  Antonio 

Villanueva,  Engracia 

Villanueva,  Fermina 

Villanueva,  Gavino 

Villanueva,  Gelacio 

Villanueva,  Josefa 

Villanueva,  Juliana 

Villanueva,  Maria 

Villanueva,  Maria 

Villanueva,  Norberto 

Villanueva,  Ramon 

Villanueva,  Servulo 

Villanueva,  Teresa 

Viroya,  Patricia 

Vivar,  Ignacio , 

Vivar,  Simeona  de 

Vivar,  Teodora 

Walt,  Charles  IT 

Yambao,  Damiana 

Yambao,  Gerarda 

Yambao,  Juan 

Yambao,  Saturnina 

Yambao,  Sixta 

Yapchulay,  Mariano 

Yapchulay,  Pfiblo 

Yaptinchay,  Bibiana 

Yaptinchay,  Guido 

Yaptinchay,  Josefa 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


1 

0. 1105 

1 

.1730 

1 

.  0855 

1 

.t)303 

1 

.1175 

1 

.1662 

8 

10. 1925 

1 

.4110 

1 

.0003 

1 

.  20 17 

1 

.  0390 

1 

.  2100 

1 

3. 2140 

1 

10. 7435 

3 

8. 4103 

1 

'.2605 

5 

13. 8212 

4 

23. 7555 

1 

2. 4448 

1 

1.2792 

1 

6.3098 

1 

8. 1522 

8 

14. 1840 

0 

15,4193 

1 

.1100 

2 

3.5812 

4 

13. 1880 

4 

15. 6040 

1 

.1793 

2 

7. 5180 

3 

8. 1702 

2 

10. 7558 

3 

19. 1340 

.1827 

2. 2002 

.1670 

2. 6878 

.1947 

.2803 

.0915 

.1115 

.1242 

8. 7338 

.2465 

6.5875 

.0165 

.1252 

4.5110 

.1003 

.0937 

.4873 

.0680 

4.6802 

.0190 

.1600 

.6470 

4. 7580 

25. 7435 

10. 9343 

.0802 

.0713 

.1317 

14. 4250 

.1240 

.2335 

.1630 

.1898 

.1857 

.2763 

24. 3270 

.  3618 

.5080 

5 

11. 5985 

5 

3.0100 

5 

16. 8568 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Binan  estate—ContlRued. 

Yaptinchay,  Julia 

Yaptinchay  Maria 

Yaptinchay,  Pablo 

Yatco,  Angela 

Yatco,  Catalina 

Yatco,  Emilio 

Yatco,  Emiterio 

Yatco,  Filomena 

Yatco,  Tligino 

Yatco,  Isabel 

Yatco,  Isidro 

Yatco,  Jos^ 

Yatco,  Juliana 

Yatco,  Laureana 

Yatco,  Leoncio 

Yatco,  Leonila 

Yatco,  Lutgarda 

Yatco,  Manuel 

Yatco,  Nicolasa 

Yatco,  Petrona 

Yatco,  Salud 

Yatco,  Segundo 

Ylem,  Guillerma 

Yncomio,  Francisco 

Zagala,  Fausta. 

Zalazar,  Agustina 

Zalazar,  Brigido 

Zalazar,  Enrique 

Zalazar,  Macario 

Zalazar,  Nicolasa 

Zalazar,  Tomas 

Zamora,  Anastasio 

Zaraora,  Crisanto 

Zamora,  Eleno 

Zamora,  Graciano 

Zamora,  Gregorio 

Zamora,  Maurieia 

Zamora,  Pedro 

Zarraga.  Agripino 

Zarraga',  Benedicto 

Zarraga,  Crisanta 

Zarraga,  Esteban 

Zarraga,  Francisco 

Zarraga,  Jos6 

Zarraga,  Josefa 

Zarraga,  Juliana 

Zarraga,  I^uisa 

Zarraga,  Manuel 

Zarraga,  Maximo 

Zarrate,  Antonia 

Zarrate,  G  eronimo 

Zarrate,  Ilonoria 

Zarrate,  Perpetuo 

Zarrate,  Roman  B 

Zarzadias,  Isidoro 

Zarzadias,  Isidro 

Zarzadias,  Juliana 

Zavalla,  Angel 

Zavalla,  Juliana 

Zavalla,  Ramon 

Zavalla,  Roberto 

Zavalla,  Romana 

Zavalla,  Teodora 

Zorrilla,  Norberto 

1,626  purchasers;      2,802 
sales;  6,613.0453  acres. 

Calamba  estate. 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

(1  purchaser;  1  sale;  1.4740 
acres.) 

Dampol  estate. 

Acuna,  Casimira 

Acufia,  Juliana , 

Acuiia,  Macaria , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


23.0167 

124. 2778 

68. 9510 

14. 1752 

.2973 

12. 1810 

7. 3080 

.  1805 

.0357 

33. 6515 

1.0075 

114.8153 

.  2545 

7.9112 

103. 2583 

8. 0490 

45. 8827 

3. 5130 

2. 3338 

18. 7270 

40. 1102 

.1097 

.1148 

.0315 

.  1225 

.1705 

.2235 

.0702 

.3053 

.0768 

.0667 

.0955 

15. 8075 

.0275 

1. 3355 

.2693 

.1495 

.1612 

18. 8898 

6. 1135 

7. 8042 

23.9360 

118.  7890 

13.2703 

6. 1380 

19. 2162 

.  5690 

35. 5190 

6.0388 

.0710 

.0377 

9.3653 

.0972 

.0758 

.0940 

.8107 

.0823 

236. 4640 

.4055 

19. 8825 

.0662 

10. 4073' 

.4377 


1.4740 


.1038 
.1447 
.7123 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


91 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Dampol  ^5to^(?— Continued 

Acuiia,  Mamerta 

Acuna,  Mamerto 

Acuiia,  Pedro 

Acuna,  Domingo 

Adriano,  Andres 

Adriano,  Eucebio 

Adriano,  Mariano 

Alba,  Antonio 

Alba,  Gaspar 

Alba,  Severo 

Alejandrino,  Gervacio 

Alejandrino.  Marcelo 

Alejandro,  Adriano 

Alejandro,  Manuel 

Alejo,  Melencio 

Ana,  Anastacia  Santa 

Ana,  Isabel  Santa 

Ana,  Lorenzo  Santa 

Ana,  Raymunta  Santa 

Ana,  Serapia  Santa 

Anchores,  Mariano 

Angeles,  Lorenzo. 

Angeles,  Tomas 

Angelo,  Antonla 

Angelo,  Benigno 

Aquino,  Isabel 

Aquino,  Melencio 

Aquino,  Norberto 

Avendano,  Eustaquio 

Ayllon,  Conrado 

Bernabe,  Felix 

Bernaldo,  Estanislao 

Bernardo,  Esteban 

Bernardo,  Marcos 

Buktaw,  L4zaro,  Cat 

Calderon,  Epifanio 

Calderon,  Francisca 

Calderon,  Fulgencio 

Calderon,  Juan 

Calderon,  I^4zaro 

Calderon,  Mariano 

Caleon,  Andres 

Caleon,  Catalino 

Caleon,  Cipriano 

Caleon,  Norberto 

Caleon,  Tomas 

Caleon,  Toribio 

Camitan,  Cornelia 

Camitan,  Raymundo 

Camitan,  Valeriano 

Camua,  Pascual 

Camua,  Vicente 

Candelaria,  Victorina 

Capala,  Luciano 

Caparas,  Mariano 

Cardenas,  Catalina 

Casal,  Manuel 

Castillo,  Doroteo  del 

Castillo,  Juan  del 

Castillo,  Lucio  del 

Castro,  Catalino  de 

Castro,  Claro 

Castro,  Santiago  de 

Cells,  Catalina 

Cells,  Luis 

Constantino,  Martin 

Constantino,  Segunda 

Cruz,  Elias  de  la 

Cruz,  Emiterio  M.  de  la 

Cruz,  Felipe  de  la 

Cruz,  Gregorio  de  la 

Cruz,  Jos^dela 

Cruz,  Laureana  de  la 

Cruz,  Mariano  de  la 

Cruz,  Narciso  de  la 

Cruz,  Nicolas  dela 

Cruz,  Pablo  dela 

Cruz,  Pedro  Santa 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


0. 0600 

.  3752 

.5110 

.  0400 

3. 2598 

5.  0105 

.  5357 

51. 1003 

3. 8742 

.2855 

95.  7955 

2. 1018 

.  3505 

.  4715 

.  4532 

.  1550 

,  6655 

4.  9823 

1.  7225 

9.  9107 

1. 0295 

.6848 

.4702 

.  2640 

97. 0835 

.  4050 

.4478 

.  1527 

163.  4300 

111. 9053 

.  1402 

.4008 

.  78()0 

.  4002 

109. 1760 

.  2475 

.1655 

.  1032 

.  6203 

.  4687 

.  4268 

.  3097 

.  3465 

.  2373 

.  3747 

.  3120 

.2105 

.0878 

.9187 

.2005 

.6905 

3785 

.  4313 

3.  6305 

.2350 

1.  9372 
319.  6838 

.8325 
.5705 

2.  7755 
.  6145 

61.  9915 
.  2062 
.1750 
.5118 
.  6652 
.  8(i08 
1.  6237 
.  5330 
.5770 
.1375 
.2270 

1.  2330 
.7218 

2.  2950 
.5487 
.1425 
.8850 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Dampol  estate— Continued. 

Cruz,  Serapio  de  la 

Cruz,  Simon  de  la 

Cruz,  Tomasa  Santa 

Cruz,  Toribia  de  la 

Cruz,  Toribio  de  la 

Crisostomo,  Exequiel 

Cuebo,  Agaton 

Cuebo,  Bonifacia 

Cuebo,  Juana 

Dayrit,  Estanislao 

Dimagiba,  Victoriano 

Domingo,  Andres 

Domingo,  Teodora 

Espiritu,  Ambrosio 

Espiritu,  Aniceto 

li^spiritu,  Damaso 

Espiritu,  Daniel 

Espiritu,  Eustaquia 

Espiritu,  Francisco 

Espiritu,  Jacobo 

Espiritu,  Juan 

Espiritu,  L4zaro 

Espiritu,  Macario 

Espiritu,  Manuel 

Espiritu,  Martin 

Espiritu,  Silvostre 

Espiritu,  Tomas 

Eucebio,  Fausto 

Eucebio  y  Castro,  Fausto. . . 

Eucebio,  Florentino 

Eucebio,  Francisco 

Eucebio,  Maria 

Eucebio,  Pantaleon 

Eucebio,  Pedro 

Eucebio,  Tiburcio 

Faustino,  Andres 

Faustino,  Basilia 

Fernando,  Augustin 

Fernando,  Gregorio 

Fernando,  Pablo 

Gabriel,  Alejandra 

Gabriel,  Fragidio 

Gabriel,  Simon 

Galvez,  Monica 

Galvez,  Severo 

Gallard  o,  Clemente 

G  allardo.  Maxima 

Gatchalian,  Cosmo 

Gatctialian,  Matias 

Gatclialian,  Teodoro 

Garcia,  Liberato 

Garcia,  Nicolas 

Garcia,  Pelagio 

Garcia,  Segundo 

Geronimo,  Romualdo 

Gonzales,  Pedro  G 

Grimaldo,  Gregoria 

Guevarra,  Isabelo 

Icasiano,  Jacinto 

Ignasio,  Fernando 

Ignasio,  Pedro 

Ignasio,  Timoteo 

Javier,  Alberto 

Jauco,  Agata 

Jauco,  Florentino 

Jauco,  Mariano 

Jesus,  Policarpo  de 

Jos6,  A  polonia 

Jos6,  Manuel 

Jos^,  Rufina 

Jos6,  Salvador 

Joson,  Fausta 

Joson,  Maria 

Joson,  Pedro 

Joson,  Raymundo 

Leoncio,  Catalino 

Leoncio,  Eulogio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.  6903 
.5795 
.  4870 
.3300 
.2450 
.3132 
.2563 
.4170 

4.8847 
3. 1425 

1.  0690 
.  3733 
.1087 
.7710 
.3358 

1.  4465 
.4855 
.2825 
.7785 
.2632 
.8905 
.3880 
.0728 
.3660 
.2987 
.2990 
.3588 
.3002 
.0978 
.6352 
.1420 
.5700 
.1903 
.1357 

1.0713 
.2612 
.4068 
.5237 
.9385 
.6350 
.6358 
.7472 
.2175 
158. 3745 
.3890 
.3490 
.4385 
.4998 
.8795 
.4102 
.1025 
.6840 
.5515 
.5363 
.8427 
147. 8585 

1.1245 
.  4435 
65. 8828 
.9445 
.8790 
.6527 

2. 1155 
.3470 
.  5563 
.4450 
52. 3270 
.3717 
.4843 
.4890 

1.2510 
.  3262 
.5458 
.1990 
.3170 
.2127 
.7678 


92 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Dampol  estate— Continued. 

Leoncio,  Pedro 

Lipana,  Miguel 

Lipana,  Patricio 

Lorenzo,  Casirairo 

Lorenzo,  Epifanio 

Lorenzo,  Gregoria 

•  Lorenzo,  Liberato 

Lorenzo,  Maria 

Lucas,  Basilio 

Lucas,  Benigno 

Lucas,  Bonifacio 

Lucas,  Lucio 

Lucas,  Natalio 

Lucas,  Rufina 

Lucas,  Ignacio 

Lumaqui,  Fabian 

Lumaqui,  Maria 

Luna,  Adriano 

Maglonso,  Ambrosia 

Maglonso,  Jacinta 

Maglonso,  Maria 

Magsacay,  Simeon. 

Manabat,  Eleno 

Maftio,  Ignacio 

Marcelo,  Eulalia 

Marcelo,  Felix 

Marcelo,  Juan 

Mariano,  Agustin 

Mariflas,  Mamerto 

Marinas,  Simon 

Marques,  Pedro 

Martia,  Bruno 

Mayoyo,  Francisco 

Miranda,  Andres 

Miranda,  Domingo 

Miranda,  Felieiano 

Miranda,  Isabel 

Miranda,  Leocadio 

Miranda,  Maximina. 

Miranda,  Vicenta 

Morales,  L4zaro 

Morales,  Nicolasa 

Morales,  Severino 

Pacheco,  Andr<5s 

Pacheco,  Martina 

Pacheco,  Simeon 

Pacheco,  Tereza 

Pangan,  Macaria 

Pangan,  Ponciano 

Pangan,  Saturnina 

Pascual,  Angelo 

Pascual,  Isabel 

Pascual ,  Maximo 

Pecatuste,  Florentine 

Pedro,  Gregoria  San 

Pedro,  Juan  San 

Pedro,  Severino  S 

Pilapil,  FJduardo 

Pilapil,  Sabina 

Policarpo,  Luis 

Polintan,  Tomas 

Ramos,  Dionisia 

Ramos,  Domingo 

Ramos,  Manuel 

Reyes,  Anacleto 

Reyes,  Andres 

Reyes,  Catalino 

Reyes,  Cirilo  de  los 

Reyes,  Damaso  de  los 

Reyes,  Gregorio  de  los 

Reyes,  Guillermo  de  los 

Reyes,  Ignasia  de  los 

Reyes,  Jacinto 

Reyes,  Josefa  de  los 

Reyes,  Juan  de  los 

Reyes,  Juan  de  los,  2nd 

Reyes.  Marcelo  de  los 

Reyes,  Mariano  de  los 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1. 7290 
.8350 
.  4335 
,7805 
.2485 
.6025 
.2165 
.1135 
.2250 
.  3695 
.5945 
.8897 

2. 0208 
.9102 
.  4218 
.2282 

1. 9703 
.5382 
.4478 
.  3760 
.  3162 
.2408 
.4170 
.2192 
.9890 

1.8167 
.1185 
98. 3835 
.7085 
.5955 
.1490 
.1503 
.1987 
.4800 
.2328 
.6422 
.  2620 

1. 0590 
.7923 
.3777 

1. 0850 

1.0415 
.2040 
.  1753 
.1743 
.5350 
.2795 
.2117 
.9925 
.3248 

1. 2670 
.0992 
.  2368 
.  1360 
.  5905 

1.  7415 
.  8467 
.6320 
.  1648 

1.  4850 
.  2590 
.  5892 
.  3843 
.0777 
99. 7468 

1.  4807 
.  1220 
.0940 
.1895 
.2078 
.1717 
.3600 
.7220 
.  1578 
.  9267 
.1475 
.5075 
.7595 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Dampol  estate— Continued. 

Reyes,  Pascual  de  los 

Reyes,  Pastor 

Reyes,  Roman  M 

Reyes,  Valeriano  de  los 

Rivera,  Simeon  de 

Roco,  Catalino 

Rosario,  Francisco  del 

Rosario,  Josefa  del 

Rosario,  Rayniunda  del 

Ruiz,  Angel 

Ruiz,  Graciana 

Salvador,  Adriano 

Santiago,  Laureana 

Santiago,  Maximino 

Santiago,  Saturnino 

Santiago,  Segunda 

Santos,  Asuncion  de  los 

Santos,  Epifanio  de  los 

Santos,  Francisco  de  los 

Santos,  Froilan  de  los 

Santos,  Gregorio  de  los 

Santos,  Joaquin  de  los 

Santos,  Jos6  de  los 

Santos,  Macario  de  los 

Santos,  Magdaleno  de  los 

Santos,  Marcos  de  los 

Santos,  Pedro  de  los 

Santos,  Valentin  de  los 

Santos,  Valeriano  de  los 

Santos,  Vicento  de  los 

Santos,  Vidal 

Saracho,  Gabina 

Sarmiento,  Martina 

Sa5^o,  Bonifacia 

Serrano,  Leonardo 

Silverio,  Ignacia 

Sleeper,  C.  H 

Tamayo,  Maria 

Tamayo,  Silverio 

Teodoro,  Melencio 

Teodoro,  Tomds 

Tiongco,  Maria 

Tiongson,  Eduardo 

Tobias,  Antero 

Tobias,  Ines 

Tolentino,  Antonia 

Tolentino,  Domingo 

Tuason,  Catalina 

Tuason,  Doroteo 

TUason,  Maximo 

Tuason,  Pablo 

Vera,  Ciriaco  de 

Vera,  Simeon  de 

Victoria,  Antonia 

Victoria,  Mateo 

Villa,  Juana 

Villena,  Macario 

293  purchasers;  347  sales; 
1,829.4415  acres. 

Ouiguinto  estate. 

Adriano,  Gregorio 

Agustin,  Bartolome 

Alano,  Juan 

Alcantara,  Ciriaco 

Alcantara,  Domingo 

Alcantara,  Juan 

Alcantara,  Laureano 

Alcantara,  Regino 

Alcantara,  Simplicio 

Alcantara,  Vicente 

Alcoriza,  Pedro 

Alday,  Balbino 

Also,  Mariano 

Also,  Roberto 

Ana,  Eleno  Sta 

Ana,  Marcelo  Santa 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


93 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 

Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 
acres). 

Quiguinto  esiaie— Continued. 
Ana,  Patricio  Sta 

1 
2 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 

10 
12 
2 
1 
4 
5 
3 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
1 
2 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
2 
1 
2 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
5 
2 
1 
6 
1 
2 
3 
1 
7 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 
1 
2 
1 
1 
4 

6. 6373 

8. 1987 

.1993 

.  1437 

21. 9783 

.2910 

1. 6935 

.  3862 

,1025 

.1433 

.0997 

.  2383 

.1610 

6. 7692 

19. 7313 

16. 1897 

.  1375 

.1200 

.1333 

.0630 

16.  4365 

.6125 

.1445 

14. 3545 

.1517 

4. 8983 

72.  4597 

48. 6038 

26.  7067 

.2223 

32.  5275 

37.  7352 

6.  0298 
43.  4387 

.1345 

7.  7998 
.2600 
.1990 
.  5135 

6.  7052 

.2330 

19.  4705 

.  4493 

.  2587 

7. 5313 

.  2060 

.1327 

.2800 

2.  0923 

.  3440 

1. 0932 

.  2385 

3. 6365 

.  1568 

.  2245 

.  1445 

.  1957 

.  0660 

10.  8905 

15.  3805 

6.  4095 

14.  5033 

.  5535 

.  4567 

31. 1805 

.  0868 

37.  8770 

2.  2350 

13. 1885 

.  3852 

.  3368 

,     . 4497 

.  6533 

.2000 

24. 0155 

.  2762 

.  1473 

23. 4232 

Angeles,  Elias  .  ... 

Angeles,  Luis 

Angeles,  Melesio 

Angeles,  Regina 

Angelo,  Carlos 

Angelo,  Policarpio 

Angelo,  Zoilo 

Araja,  Mariano . . . 

Arceo,  Andres 

Arceo,  Catalina. 

Arceo,  Julian 

Asuncion,  Pascual 

Avendano,  Alejo 

Avendaiio,  Francisco,  . 

Avendano,  Hugo 

Avendano,  Rita 

Baesa,  Juana 

Balagtas,  Juan 

Balagtas,  Pedro 

Baltazar,  Gregoria.   . .  . 

Bautista,  Bernardino 

Bautista,  Dalmacio...  . 

Bautista,  Martina 

Bautista,  Maxima 

Bautista,  Saturnino 

Bernardo,  Cayetano  ... 

Bernardo,  Pedro .  . . 

Bernardo,  Raymundo 

Bondoc,  Macario 

Buendia,  Gil 

Buendia,  Nicolas 

Bulaong,  Bernardino. 

Bulaong,  Doroteo 

Bulaong,  Pedro 

Bulaong,  Timoteo 

Calulang,  Leon 

Calara,  Feliciano 

Calara,  Macario 

Calara,  Manuel 

Calayag,  Aniceto 

Caluag,  Andres 

Caluag,  Epifanio 

Caluag,  Felix 

Camua,  Abundio 

Camua,  Domingo 

Camua,  Fausto 

Camua,  Jose 

Camua,  Tiburcio 

Capulong,  Antonia 

Capulong,  Raymundo 

Carpio,  Feliciana 

Castillo,  Herm6genes 

Castillo,  Veronica 

Catipunan,  Agustina 

Catipunan,  Lucia 

Catipunan,  Marcelino 

Catipunan,  Margarita 

Centeno,  Domingo 

Centeno,  Herm6genes 

Centeno,  Mauricio 

Centeno,  Vicente   . 

Cervantes,  Bonifacio 

Clemente,  Agustin 

Clemente,  Magdalena 

Clemente,  Roman 

Concepcidn,  Agripina. . . 

Concepcion,  Manuel 

Concepcion,  Marcelino 

Constantino,  Luciana 

Cris6stomo,  Miguel 

Cruz,  Agustin  de  la 

Cruz,  Antonio  de  la 

Ouz,  BalbinaC 

Cruz,  Bruno  de  la 

Cruz,  Calixfco  de  la 

Cruz,  Cipriano  de  la 

Cruz,  Llido  de  la  Domingo.... 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Guiguinto  estate—Continued. 

Cruz,  Enriquez  C 

Cruz,  Feliciano  C 

Cruz,  Feliciano  de  la 

Cruz,  Florentina  de  la 

Cruz,  Gabriel  de  la 

Cruz,  Gabriel  de  la 

Cruz,  G  abriela  de  la 

Cruz,  Gerdnimo  C 

Cruz,  Gil  dela 

Cruz,  Hermogena  de  la 

Cruz,  Isaac  C 

Cruz,  Isidro  de  la 

Cruz,  Juan  de  la 

Cruz,  Leon  de  la 

Cruz,  Manuel  de  la 

Cruz,  Maria  de  la 

Cruz,  Mariano  de  la 

Cruz,  Mateo  de  la 

Cruz,  Miguel  de  la 

Cruz,  Nicolas  de  la 

Cruz,  Pablo  de  la 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Cruz,  Paxedes  C 

Cruz,  Raymundo  de  la 

Cruz,  Rosenda  dela 

Cruz,  Teodorica  de  la 

Cruz,  Vicenta  de  la 

Dayao,  Faustino 

Demafeliz,  Brigida 

Diego,  Cayetano  San 

Dimagiba,  Pedro 

Diego,  Pedro  S 

Dionisio,  Cirilio 

Dionisio,  Pablo 

Domingo,  Doroteo 

Domingo,  Epifanio 

Domingo,  Francisco 

Domingo,  Juan 

Domingo,  Juliana 

Domingo,  Liberato 

Domingo,  Maria 

Domingo,  Miguel 

Domingo,  Partaleona 

Domingo,  Rafael 

Enriquez,  Fulgencia 

Enriquez,  Pedro 

Espiritu,  Bedasto 

Espiritu  y  Cris6stomo,  Carlos 

Espiritu,  Carlos 

Espiritu,  Emiterio 

Espiritu,  Nazario 

Estares,  Luis 

Esteban,  Mariano 

Estrella,  Eulogio 

Eugenio,  Leoncio 

Evangelista,  Frederico 

Facundo,  Andres 

Fajardo,  Marcelo 

Faustino,  Mariano 

Fernando,  Escolastico 

Fernando,  Juan 

Fernando,  Simon 

Figueroa,  Jacinta 

Figueroa  y  ManalQ,  Pedro. . . 

Gabriel,  Nicolasa 

Gachalian,  Anacleto 

Gachalian,  Juan 

Gachalian,  Severino 

Garcia,  Alejandro 

Garcia,  Juan 

Garcia,  Romana 

Garcia,  Simon 

Garcia,  Vicente 

Caspar,  Juliana 

Caspar,  Paulino 

Gaspar,  Silvestre 

Gatchalian,  Andres 

Gatchalian,  Juan 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  in 
acres). 


4 

13. 6250 

1 

.  1930 

4 

5. 3413 

1 

.1545 

1 

.1122 

1 

.2205 

1 

.2770 

1 

.1113 

1 

.1907 

2 

2. 3643 

2 

6. 9852 

1 

.2910 

1 

.2820 

1 

.3885 

1 

.2705 

1 

.1248 

1 

.1892 

2 

.5430 

1 

.1563 

1 

.4022 

1 

.5068 

2 

4.4700 

9 

17. 8425 

1 

.2120 

1 

13. 2352 

1 

.1818 

1 

.2485 

3 

14. 0077 

2 

.4513 

1 

.1207 

12 

49.2408 

1 

5. 9605 

3 

7.6245 

1 

.1647 

1 

.1763 

1 

.4040 

1 

.2930 

2 

.  6050 

1 

.1265 

1 

.1760 

1 

.0942 

1 

.0965 

1 

.1165 

1 

.1725 

1 

2. 8520 

3 

22. 6385 

1 

2. 7653 

1 

.5087 

1 

6. 2633 

2 

5. 2878 

1 

10. 0047 

2 

1.3122 

1 

.  2253 

1 

.2797 

1 

1. 7400 

3 

.4348 

1 

.1110 

1 

.0940 

3 

32. 2552 

1 

.  1580 

11 

18. 1850 

3 

16.0640 

6 

27.0123 

8 

43. 2645 

1 

.0950 

2 

33.  9385 

2 

19. 1540 

1 

.1440 

2 

7. 3585 

1 

4. 2625 

1 

.  4300 

1 

6. 9895 

6 

6.  7118 

1 

4.5890 

1 

6. 6970 

1 

.0802 

1 

.1745 

1 

.1755 

94 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Ouiguinto  estoig— Continued 

Gatchalian,  Manuel 

Gatchalian,  Tomas 

Gatchalian,  Poiicarpio 

Gatmaitan,  Claro 

Gatmaitan,  Leoncio 

Gerdnimo,  Pascual 

Gonzales,  Estanislao 

Gonzales,  Eucebio 

Gonzales,  Florentina 

Gonzales,  Fulgencio 

Gonzales,  Juan 

Gonzales,  Mariano 

Gonzales,  Matias 

Guiya,  Petronilo  de 

Gutierrez,  Agapita 

Gutierrez,  Alejandro 

Gutierrez,  Carlos 

Guzman,  Antonio  de 

Guzman,  Engracia  de 

Guzman,  Esperanza  de 

Guzman,  Maria  de 

Hernandez,  Antonio 

Hernandez,  Eugenia 

Hernandez,  Francisco 

Hernandez,  Honorato 

Hernandez,  Isidoro 

Hernandez,  Pioquinto 

Hernandez,  Raymundo 

Hernandez,  Sabina 

Hilario,  Alejandro 

Hilario,  Florentina 

Hilario,  Francisco 

Hilario,  Juan 

Hilario,  Marciano  C 

Hilario,  Prudencio 

Ico,  Ventura 

Jacinto,  Juan 

Jacinto ,  Santiago 

Jesus,  Antonio  de 

Jesus,  Fulgencio  de. 

Jesus,  Ignacio  de 

Jesus,  Tomas  de 

Jos6,  Anastacio 

Jos^,  Antonio 

Jose,  Ver<5nico 

Joson ,  Agripino 

Joson,  Agusiin 

Joson,  Baldomero 

Joson,  Basilio 

Joson ,  Florentina 

Joson,  Florentine 

Joson,  Geronimo 

Joson,  Hilario 

Joson,  Juan 

Joson,  Maria 

Joson ,  Santiago 

Joson,  Sixto 

Joson ,  Tereza 

Julian ,  Kamon 

Juson ,  Braulio 

Juson ,  Hilario 

Juson ,  Silvestre 

Landawan ,  Mariano 

Ijaquindanura,  Francisco 

L&zaro,  Clemente 

L&zaro,  Ruperto 

Leon,  Mariano  de 

Limuco,  Pedro 

Linag,  Agustin 

Linag,  Mariano 

Lopez ,  Poiicarpio 

Luriano,  Gregoria 

Luciano ,  Magdalena 

Lumabas,  Alejandra 

Maclang ,  Antonio 

Maclang ,  Bonifacio 

Maclang,  Jos6 

Maclang,  Palaton 

Madlangsacay,  Agustin 

Magpayo,  Ciriaco 

Manabat,  Leon 

Manahan,  Feliciano 


Parcels 

pur 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0. 1238 
.  3102 

1. 0083 
.2200 
.3800 
.7705 

7. 1240 
.4182 

6.2953 
.3527 
.1633 

7. 9180 
14. 8752 
11. 3925 
.1713 
15.1732 
.2600 

7.3150 

11. 7580 

.4143 

9. 2077 
.  1328 

4. 2210 

3. 6840 

4. 8920 
.1610 
.1315 
.1747 
.1628 
.2240 
.1352 
26. 9370 
.2355 

8. 4445 
.2095 
.1715 

1.  8925 
.3278 
.  1312 
.  2083 

4.  7627 
.1585 
.2640 
.  3430 
.5910 
12.  2890 
.  4038 
12.  0195 

10.  2377 
4.  8633 

,  3192 

5. 0123 

22. 7765 

6.  5582 

.  1863 

3.  5675 

.  1740 

11. 8225 

11.  0355 
.1715 
.  2472 
.  3365 
.  1345 

13.7155 

.  3008 

.1835 

39.  7035 

.1620 

3.  ()942 
.  1518 

1.  7290 
.  2250 
,  2960 
.  2585 
.  5080 
.2747 

1.  2493 
.  6170 
.4257 

1. 4603 
.1942 
.  2365 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Guiguinto  estate —QonimuQd. 

Manalo,  Pablo 

Mariano,  Juan , 

Marquez,  Estefania 

Martin,  Leon 

Martin,  Marcelino 

Mateo,  Milencio 

Mendoza,  Alejandro 

Mendoza,  Antonio 

Mendoza,  Cayetano 

Mendoza,  Cecilio 

Mendoza,  Hipolito 

Mendoza,  Ignacio 

Mendoza,  Rosenda , 

Mendoza,  Sinforoza 

Mendoza,  Victor 

Miguel,  Alejandro 

Miguel,  Pedro -. 

Morales,  Petra , 

Natividad,  Hermogenes 

Navarro,  Isabelo 

Nicolas,  Bernardo 

Nicolas,  Euceibo 

Nicolas,  Melchor , 

Pagsanghan,  Anastacio 

Pagtalunan,  Claro 

Pagtalunan,  Isidro 

Pagtalunan,  Juan 

Pagtalunan,  Luis 

Pagtalunan,  Matias , 

Pagtalunan,  Pantaleon 

Pagtalunan,  Rufino 

Paguia,  Aqustina 

Paguia,  Bonifacio , 

Paraiso,  Bernabe 

Pascual,  Andres 

Pascual,  Gregorio , 

Pedro,  Leon  San , 

Perez,  Domingo 

Perez,  Getulio 

Perez,  Juliana 

Pingol,  Andrea 

Pingol,  Dionisio 

Pingol,  Eugenio 

Pingol,  Jacinto , 

Pingol,  Macario 

Pitco,  Feliza 

Principe,  Eucebia 

Pricipe,  Juan , 

Punongbayan,  Maximo 

Punongbayan,  Pedro 

Punongbayan,  Soriano 

Punongbayan,  Victor 

Quiros,  Gabino  C 

Ramirez,  Antonino 

Ramirez,  I>ionisio 

Ramirez,  Simeon 

Ramos,  Catalino 

Ramos,  Cirila 

Ramos,  E varisto 

Ramos,  Emiteria 

Ramos,  Estanislao 

Ramos,  Fidel 

Ramos,  Nazaria 

Ramos,  Tomas 

Raymundo,  Flaviano 

Raymundo,  Justiniano 

Raymundo,  Martina 

Raymundo,  Venancio 

Resurreccion.  Basilio 

Reymundo,  Justiniano 

Reymundo,  Teodora 

Reyes,  Catalino 

Reyes,  Lorenzo 

Reyes,  Macario 

Reyes,  Marcos 

Reyes,  Maria 

Reyes,  Nicolas 

Reyes,  Nicolas  de  los 

Reyes,  Pascual 

Reyes,  Rafael 

Reyes,  Teodorico 


Parcels 

pur- 
clia^^ed. 


Area  (In 
acres) 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


95 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Guiguinto  estate— Continued. 

Robles,  Bernarda  de 

Robles,  Florentino  de 

Robles,  Lorenzo  de 

Robles,  Miguel  Tolentino  de. . 

Robles,  Pedro  de 

Robles,  Policarpio  de 

Robles,  Segunda  de 

Robles,  Teodoro  E.  de 

Robles,  Tomas  de 

Rodrigo,  Martina 

Rodriguez,  Eucebio 

Rodriguez,  Mariano 

Rodrigo,  Martina 

Roque,  Comelio 

Roque,  Lucas 

Roque,  Martin 

Roque,  Prudencio 

Rosario,  Prudencio  del 

Rosario,  Roberto  del 

Sacay,  Augustin 

Sacay,  Aguilino 

Sacay,  Lorenzo 

Salonga,  E varisto 

Sampana,  Bernardo 

Sampana,  Servando 

Santiago,  Agustin 

Santiago,  Cesario 

Santiago,  Esteban 

Santiago,  Esteban 

Santiago,  Flaviano 

Santiago,  Lazaro 

Santiago,  Maria 

Santiago,  Mariano 

Santiago,  Paula 

Santiago,  Sotero 

Santos,  Carlos  de  los 

Santos,  Emiterio  de  los 

Santos,  Engracio  de  los 

Santos,  Facundo  de  los 

Santos,  Feliclano  de  los 

Satitos,  Honorato 

Santos,  Jorge. 

Santos,  Manuel  de  los 

Santos,  Mariano  de  los 

Santos,  Raymundo  de  los 

Sarilij  Fausto 

Sarmiento,  Bartolome 

Serrano,  Faustino 

Serrano,  Marta 

Serrano,  Pantaleon 

Soriano,  Geronima 

Tangquengco,  Jose 

Tolentino,  Anastacio 

Tolentino,  Benigno 

Tolentino,  Bonifacio 

Tolentino,  Damaso 

Tolentino  y  Concepcion,  Fran- 
cisco  

Tolentino  y  Mendoza,  Fran- 
cisco  

Tolentino  y  Gatchaliau,  Mig- 
uel  

Tolentino,  Monico 

Tolentino,  Pascual 

Tolentino,  Simeon 

Tolentino,  Ynocencio 

Tormo,  Mariano 

Ventura,  Estefania 

Ventura,  Marcela 

Ventura,  Rafael 

Ventura,  Vicente 

Victoria,  Emiteria 

Villafuerte,  Andres 

Villafuerte,  Benjamin 

Villafuerte,  Francisco 

Villafuerte,  Gertrudes 

Villafuerte,  Matias 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


8.  S300 

2. 5405 
33. 4803 

3. 2^)62 
.1760 
.1900 
.1870 
.0745 
.0908 
15. 0032 
.  1690 
.1990 
74. 2800 

2. 7605 
.1348 
.1100 
.2215 

3. 5297 
.1253 
.  3047 
.  1610 
.  2453 
.2037 

6.  4100 

2. 4028 
.2202 
.2065 
.1698 

3. 8620 
.1920 

7. 3()75 

9. 9870 
.2405 
.1187 

2. 3833 
.  1662 
.1705 

1. 2730 
.  3160 
.2300 

1.8555 
.5415 
.1988 
.1420 
.3995 
.1410 
.1287 
.1493 
.0442 
.1995 
.  2233 

5.3270 
.2145 
.  2602 
.  2755 
.2860 

.5523 

.1327 

.1528 
.1795 
.3215 
.  3275 
18.  0155 

7. 9235 
.  2435 

2. 8612 
.  2280 

5. 8080 
.1778 
.1597 
.  0()95 
.1805 
.  4330 
.3843 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Guiguinto  estate— ContinuQd. 

Villafuerte,  Melencio. 

Villafuerte,  Miguel 

Villafuerte,  Ramon 

Villanueva,  Pedro 

Villanueva,  Tomas 

Villegas,  Bacilio 

415  purchasers;  681  sales; 
2,314.6627  acres. 

Isabela  estate. 

Agoada,  Cipriano 

Alindayu,  Gonzalo 

Al-lauigan,  Faustino 

Ampa,  Domingo 

Angoluan,  Benido 

Antonio,  Bonifacio  B 

Antonio,  Mariano  B 

Baddungun,  Apolonio 

Badua,  Crispulo 

Balacanao,  Jos^ 

Baltazar,  Ledn 

Binoya,  Domingo 

Bulan,  Flaviano 

Calantes,  Victorio 

Calaiigan,  Gerdnimo 

Campos,  Benito 

Cauayan,  municipality  of  . .  . 

Gadia,  Ambrosio 

Gamia,  Le6n 

Gamiao,  Ambrosio 

Gamiao,  Domingo 

Gamiao,  Fehciano 

Gamiao,  Sebastian 

Gaimao,  Teodorico 

Juan,  Mdximo 

Labao,  Benito 

Labrador,  Alberto 

Labrador,  Gaspar 

Labrador,  Hipolito'. 

Lemii,  Juan 

Macasuray ,  Leocadia 

Maddela,  Matias 

Masitul,  Felipe 

Raymundo,  Camllo 

Sauat,  Mateo 

Sauat,  Tomas 

Sayud,  Angel 

Semana,  Apolonio 

Sifigapan,  Gaudiano 

Singapan,  Narciso 

40    purchasers;  93    sales; 
148.7113  acres. 

Lolomboy  estate. 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

1     purchaser;     1      sale; 
4.1020  acres. 

Melinta  estate. 

Acuna,  Francisco 

Acuna,  Gregorio 

Acufia,  Narciso 

Acuna,  Telesfora 

Aguilar,  Segundo 

Aguilar,  Vicente 

Agustin,  Doroteo 

Alarcon,  Baldomero 

Alarcon,  Dimas 

Alarcon,  Feliciano 

Alberto,  Macario 

Alcantara,  Juan4 

Alcaras,  Petrona 

Alejandrino,  Bernardo 

Alejandrino,  Maria 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


5. 1122 
.  1733 
.  0882 
.2623 
.1632 
.2225 


2 

.8322 

2 

2. 7990 

2 

5. 1285 

3 

10. 4745 

2 

1.4777 

2 

4. 6370 

2 

4.9365 

1 

.1435 

6 

7. 1053 

2 

4. 8993 

6 

7.2567 

1 

.7508 

2 

4.0527 

3 

5.1365 

2 

2.2535 

2 

3.0345 

1 

1.7007 

2 

6. 6018 

2 

2.5827 

3 

4. 8415 

2 

3.4905 

2 

3. 1687 

4 

4.  2765 

3 

3. 6895 

3 

3. 2395 

1 

.2558 

1 

2. 1043 

3 

3.9310 

2 

4.6443 

1 

2. 0947 

3 

3. 3345 

2 

9.2657 

1 

.3133 

2 

3.7045 

2 

3.4425 

2 

3. 5390 

1 

.20&5 

7 

7. 9907 

2 

2.7970 

2 

2.577S 

4.1020 


13. 9290 
3. 7743 
4. 0362 

12.  8250 
6.  6495 
4.  6093 
7. 4040 
3. 8380 

14. 9807 
5. 3375 

30.  7225 
9.  2095 

17. 0955 
3. 1913 

25. 8292 


96 


ADMINISTRATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  g^to^c— Continued. 


Alejandrino,  Salvador 

Alejandro,  Nazaria 

Alejo,  Mariano 

Alfonzo,  Fernando 

Anselmo,  Alejandro 

Anselmo,  Marciano 

Anselmo,  Flacido 

Andaya,  Lorenzo 

Andres,  Bernardo  S 

Andr6s,  Eleuterio  San 

Andres,  Esteban  San 

Andres,  E  ugenio  San 

Andres,  Evaristo  de  S 

Andres,  Juan  San 

Andres,  Saturnino  San. . . 

Andres,  Teodora  San 

Angeles,  Benito  de  los 

Angeles,  Esteban  de  los . . 

Angeles,  Geronimo 

Angeles,  Miguela  de  los. . . 
Angeles,  Telesforo  de  los. . 

Antonio,  Catalino 

Antonio,  Crispino 

Antonio,  E  ugenio 

Antonio,  Flaviana 

Antonio,  Macaria 

Antonio,  Marcos 

Antonio,  Roberto 

Antonio,  Ygnacio 

Aquino,  Ambrocia 

Aquino,  Francisca 

Aquino,  Mariano 

Aquino,  Pedro 

Araneta,  Apolinaria 

Ara villa,  Serafin 

Arguelles,  Francisco 

Anas,  Florentina 

Artais,  Alejandro 

Atanacio,  Anacleto 

Atanacio,  Juana 

Baldomero,  Antonio 

Baldomero,  Francisco 

Baldomero,  Pedro 

Balmacida,  Josefa 

Banco,  Mariano  de 

B  aquiran,  Clara 

Barason,  Candida 

Bartolome,  Aguedo 

Bartolome,  Antonino 

Bartolome,  Eseolastica 

Bartolome,  Hilarion 

Bartolome,  Leonarda 

Bartolome,  Maria 

Bartolome,  Mariano 

Bartolome,  Pedro 

Bass.  James  H 

Bastian,  Dorotea  de 

Bautista,  Calixto 

Bautlsta,  Florencio 

Bautista,  Francisca 

Bautista,  Francisca 

Bautista,  Luis 

Bautista,  Maria 

Bautista,  Remigio 

Bautista,  Saturnino . . 

Bautista,  Simeon 

Bautista,  Tori  bio 

Bautista,  Vicente 

Benitez,  Ismael 

Bernal,  Bartolome 

Bernardino,  Anastacio 

Bernardino,  Benedicto 

Bernardino,  Eugenio 

Bernardino,  Hermogenes  . 

Bernardino,  Juan 

Bernardino,  Mariano 

Bernardino,  M  iguel 

Bervoso,  Adriano 


pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


7. 8078 

.6367 

12.5920 

2. 7145 

19. 1125 

21.3958 

9.  2815 

4. 4780 

7. 8385 

9. 8090 

6.  2952 

.8595 

17. 6923 

7.  7942 

43. 0883 

13. 4970 

13. 8457 

6. 0820 

40. 9318 

5. 0285 

.1872 

13. 8713 

1. 2410 

4. 9062 

1. 4035 

2.5133 

6. 5202 

8. 2658 

5. 7807 

6. 0850 

3. 2723 

6. 3540 

4. 7335 

14.0267 

4. 6240 

8. 1618 

10. 6525 

1. 2680 

4. 3932 

6. 3473 

32.  2312 

30. 4763 

18. 6025 

6. 7165 

2. 4052 

.  7655 

9. 6615 

5. 4435 

1. 7418 

2.  9805 

4. 8770 

12.  6985 

2. 5205 

11. 3612 

2. 0805 

33. 6420 

1. 0168 

12.2705 

19.7120 

12. 4585 

5. 2807 

7. 2228 

1. 0475 

73. 8735 

21.  6450 

6. 7570 

8. 6000 

.1027 

11. 5815 

14. 1375 

1.3353 

■9.8922 

1. 8070 

4. 3300 

10. 5785 

9.  72(>0 

22. 9398 

.5177 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  estate — Continued 

Blanco,  Dionisio 

Bollas,  Januario 

Bonifacio,  Evaristo 

Bonifacio,  Fulgencio 

Bordador,  Eustaquio 

Buenaventura,  Cornelia . . . 

Buenaventura,  Juana 

Buenaventura,  Marcelo 

Bularan,  Gregorio 

Cabral,  Arcadio 

Cabral,  Juan 

Cabral,  Juan 

Cabral,  Pedro 

Cabral,  Sotero 

Cabral,  Victoriano 

Caco,  Pedro 

Candido,  Paulino 

Candido,  Raymundo 

Candido,  Romana 

Candido,  Segundo 

Cantillon,  Bernabe 

Cantillon,  Domingo 

Cantillon,  Julian 

Capalad,  Catalina 

Capistrano,  Modesta 

Capistrano,  Pablo 

Carreon,  Benedicta 

Carreon,  Pedro 

Carreon,  Silverio 

Casas,  Isidoro 

Casimiro,  Ilerm6genes 

Castillo,  Anastacio  del 

Castillo,  Vicente  del 

Castro  Apolonio  de 

Cayco,  Maria 

Celedonio,  Celestina 

Cerdena,  Canute 

Chungco,  Mariano 

Concepcion,  Celilio 

Concepcion,  Eustaquio 

Concepcion,  Florentino 

Concepcion,  Marcos 

Constantino,  Arcadio 

Constantino,  Laureano 

Contreras,  Antonio 

Contreras,  Ignacia 

Cortes,  Mariano 

Cortes,  Mauricia 

Cruz,  Agustina  de  la , 

Cruz,  Alfonza  de  la 

Cruz,  Anacleto  de  la 

Cruz,  Anacleto  de  la 

Cruz,  Aniceto  de  la 

Cruz,  Antonino  de  la 

Cruz,  Bartolome  de  la 

Cruz,  Basilio  de  la 

Cruz,  Cdrlos  de  la 

Cruz,  Cayetano  de  la 

Cruz,  Daniel  de  la 

Cruz,  Dionisio  de  la 

Cruz,  Elias  de  la 

Cruz,  Emiliano  de  la 

Cruz,  Evaristo  de  la 

Cruz,  Federica  de  la 

Cruz,  Flaviano  de  la 

Cruz,  Florencio  de  la 

Cruz,  Francisca  de  la 

Cruz,  Gabriela  de  la 

Cruz,  Gregorio  de  la 

Cruz,  Guillermo  de  la 

Cruz,  Isidro  de  la 

Cruz,  Isidro  de  la 

Cruz,  Josefa  de  la 

Cruz,  Juan  de  la 

Cruz,  Julian  de  la — 

Cruz,  Lorenzo  de  la 

Cruz,  Martin  de  la 

Cruz,  Matias  de  la 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


8. 2445 

12. 5835 

10. 3998 

6. 1107 

7. 0040 

28. 4308 

4. 0782 

80. 3443 

1.2575 

4.6025 

.7890 

6. 4332 

1. 5223 

12. 8315 

14. 7275 

4. 0560 

8. 7607 

30. 1800 

6. 2056 

3. 2215 

8. 2548 

.8465 

3. 0692 

23.  0365 

4. 3005 

4. 0365 

5. 3028 

9.4080 

9. 8562 

8. 4945 

33. 3590 

2. 2005 

6.  5250 
2. 0793 
2. 7827 

10. 9068 
6. 6412 
8. 4530 

.  9460 
3. 1810 

.3873 
8. 0257 
118. 4373 
7. 1425 
1. 9062 
8. 3355 
6. 3195 

7.  6108 
1. 0580 

10. 1580 
8. 1270 
5.  6897 
1.8113 
4.  5027 
4. 9307 
4. 8592 

37. 2045 
4.  6708 

15. 0247 
4.  3428 

4.  3120 
26. 0035 
20.  4342 

.4345 
1. 0165 

5.  7410 
11. 3885 

4. 1003 
1.9177 
7.  5700 
1. 2868 
.  3540 
4.2680 
3.6712 

6.  7405 
3. 9965 

12.9685 
.4315 


ADMINISTRATION    OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


97 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of ^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  estate — Continued. 

Cruz,  Maximo  de  la 

Cruz,  Nicolasa  de  la 

Cruz,  Patricio  de  la 

Cruz,  Paulino  de  la 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Cruz,  Perfecta  de  la 

Cruz,  Regino  de  la 

Cruz,  Santiago  de  la 

Cruz,  Severino  de  la 

Cruz,  Severino  de  la 

Cruz,  Sotero  de  la 

Cruz,  Venancio  de  la 

Cruz,  Vicenta  de  la 

Cruz,  Victorian  a  de  la 

Cruz,  Zacarias  de  la 

Crespo,  Florencio 

Crespo,  Juan 

Crespo,  Marta 

Crespo,  Paula 

Cuadra,  Domingo 

Cuadra,  Emilio 

Cuerpo,  Patricio 

Dael,  Policarpio 

Daez,  Adriano 

Daez,  Esteban 

Daez,  Esteban 

Daez,  Juan 

Daet,  Juan 

Dalag,  Claro 

Dalag,  Juan 

Dantes,  Ceferino 

Dantes,  Marciana 

Dantes,  Prudencio 

Dantes,  Tomasa 

Daradar,  Esteban 

Darilag,  Vicente 

Darjuan,  Teodora 

Dar  Lucio,  Cenon 

Dar  Lucio,  Toribio 

Data,  Feliciana. 

Data,  Ivucia 

Data,  Rita 

Deato,  Gabriel 

Deato,  Pascual 

Deflesta,  llilaria 

Defiesta,  Isabel 

Defiesta,  Romualda 

Delfin,  Rosendo 

Delica,  Maria 

Delica,  Toribio 

Delmentes,  Maria 

Dalupio,  Manuel 

Denoga,  Ludovico 

Deniega,  Jos^ 

Denilla,  Joaquin 

Deonon,  Crisanto 

Deonon,  Maxima 

Deonon,  Miguel 

Desmontes,  Florencio 

Desor,  Crispulo 

Diano,  Silvestra 

Diaz,  Julian 

Diego,  Basilio  San 

Diego,  Benedicto  San 

Diego,  Diego  San 

Diego,  Lorenzo  S 

Diego,  Lorenzo  San 

Diego,  Mariano  San 

Diego,  Mariano  San 

Dila,  Baldomero 

Diia,  Feliciana 

Dila,  Feliciana 

Dila,  Marcelo 

Dimitillo,  Bonifacio 

Dimitillo,  Maria 

Dimitillo,  Quintin 

Dimition,  Alejandro 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


4. 7935 
14. 6035 
5.3133 

4.  6765 
10.0567 

4. 6390 

9. 0838 

2.7500 

6. 2297 

8. 2975 

16. 2155 

1.  5705 

.9383 

3. 8025 

.7695 

8. 1617 

13. 8418 

8. 8912 

14. 6565 

11. 7850 

8. 5525 

18. 2755 

75. 3813 

18. 0730 

19. 0357 

85. 8615 

30. 4558 

5. 2602 

11.3853 

4. 9230 

8. 8632 

11. 1993 

6. 0920 

11. 5795 

19. 7265 

14. 2612 

7. 1590 

1.4518 

5. 9642 

4. 0558 

5.4050 

7. 4572 

2. 4358 

22. 5682 

10. 8268 

10. 8835 

8. 7945 

13. 8862 

28. 5413 

4. 2777 

8. 8595 

.  8435 

23. 6830 

9. 5748 

8. 9320 

5. 5300 

5. 0502 

8. 5G()8 

6. 0392 

.  9688 

1. 9395 

16.8(il7 

3. 2800 

14.8783 

7. 4682 

5. 3893 

11. 2025 

6. 8035 

21.3207 

6.  3465 

5.  9550 
24.  7380 
11.2(il0 
16. 0028 

5.  2890 
6. 5347 
1. 3613 
22. 3607 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  ^s^a^c— Continued. 


Dimition,  Macario 

Dimition,  Tomas 

Dionisio,  Diego 

Dionisio,  Mateo 

Dionisio,  Pioquinto... 

Dionisio,  Vicente 

Divino,  Ruflno 

Dison,  Luciano 

Dison,  Ventura 

Disor,  Timotea 

Docabo,  Luisa 

Docabo,  Martin 

Docabo,  Pedro 

Dolorito,  Francisco 

Doma,  Maria 

Doma,  Solomon 

Doma,  Simeon 

Domingo,  Alfonza 

Domingo,  Ana 

Domingo,  Bernardino. 

Domingo,  Crisanto 

Domingo,  Dionisio 

Domingo,  Felipe 

Domingo,  Ignasio 

Domingo,  Leodegario. . 

Domingo,  Lorenzo 

Domingo,  Marcelo 

Domingo,  Pedro 

Domingo,  Petronilo... 

Don, Juan 

Don,  Lorenzo 

Doon,  Cecilio 

Doon,  Dalmacio 

Doon,  Eligio 

Doon,  Saturnino 

Doon,  Simeon 

Dotado,  Leon 

Drueco,  Jose 

Drueco,  Pedro 

Dudos,  Marcelino 

Dudos,  Sixta 

Duebo,  Modesta 

Dulalia,  Candido 

Dulalia,  Cecilio 

Dulalia,  Hermogena... 

Dulalia,  Marcela 

Dulalia,  Pablo 

Domigi)e,  Francisco 

I^umigpi,  Tomas 

Duke,  Faustino 

Duran,  Ceferino 

Duran,  Juana 

Duran,  Raymundo 

I)urax)a,  M  aximo 

Duyor,  Eucebio 

Esguerra,  Juan 

Espiritu,  Adriano 

Espiritu,  Florentino... 

Espiritu,  Segundo 

Esteban,  Eugenio 

Estel)an,  Felipe 

Esteban,  Francisco 

Esteban,  Julian 

Esteban,  Maximo 

Esteban,  Nicolas 

Esteban,  Tomasa 

Eugenio,  Atanacio 

Eugenio,  Consolaci<5n., 

Eugenio,  Joaquina 

Eugenio,  Jos^ 

Eugenio,  Marcelo 

Eugenio,  Maria 

Eugenio,  Martin 

Eugenio,  Moises 

Eugenio,  Pedro 

Eugenio,  Pedro 

Eustaquia,  Leoncia 

i  Ev-angelista,  Alfonzo... 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


98 


ADMINISTBATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situatedy  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  e^toi^— Continued. 


Evangelista,  Catallno 

Evangelista,  Rosa 

Faustino,  Cayetano 

Faustino,  Epifanio 

Faustino,  Juan 

Faustino,  Maria 

Faustino,  Telesforo 

Feliciaiio,  Pedro 

Fernando,  Isabelo 

Flores,  Romualdo 

Francia,  Cipriano 

Francisco,  Anacelto 

Francisco,  Andr(5s 

Francisco,  Angeles 

Francisco,  Basilia 

Francisco,  Basilic 

Francisco,  Benito 

Francisco,  Canuta 

Francisco,  Claiidio 

Francisco,  David 

Francisco,  Dolores 

Francisco,  Domingo 

Francisco,  Donate 

Francisco,  Eduardo 

Francisco,  Estanislao 

Francisco,  Estoban 

Francisco,  Eugenio 

Francisco,  Eucebio 

Francisco,  Feliciano 

Francisco,  G  erdnimo 

Francisco,  Gregorio 

Francisco,  Jos6 

Francisco,  Juan 

Francisco,  J  nana 

Francisco,  Maria 

Francisco,  Matta 

Francisco,  Maxima 

Francisco,  Meliton 

Francisco,  Nazaria 

Francisco,  Pascual 

Francisco,  Petra 

Francisco,  Rosa 

Francisco,  Santiago 

Francisco,  Sil vino 

Francisco,  Simplicio 

Francisco,  Valentin 

Francisco,  Victoriano 

Francisco,  Zacarias 

Gabriel,  Buenaventura  S. 

Gabriel,  Cirilo 

Gajudo,  Serapia 

Ga'llardo,  Tomds 

Galicia,  Fortunate  de 

Galicia,  Francisco  de 

Galicia,  Juan  de 

Galicia,  Juana  de 

Galicia,  Toniasa 

Galvez,  Mariano 

Gatdula,  Pascual 

Ger<5nimo,  Adriano 

Geronimo,  Jacinto 

Ger6ninio,  Mariano 

Geronimo,  Martina 

Oola,  Silvino  de 

Gonzales,  Marcelino 

Gregorio,  Bonifacio 

G  regorlo,  Doroteo 

Gregorio,  Eugenio 

Gregorio,  Florencia 

Gregorio,  Juana 

Gregorio,  Leoncia 

Gregorio,  Matias 

Gregorio,  Monica 

Gregorio,  Pascual 

Gregorio,  Pedro 

Gregorio,  Pedro , 

Gregorio,  Severe , 


pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.  4125 
7.  0533 
8. 8433 

6.  2087 
3. 8300 
2.  0305 
2. 9010 

15. 9505 
39. 8505 
1. 6605 
10. 5348 
.1935 
27. 9180 

7.  5727 
7. 1068 

29. 8307 
1. 9123 

13. 8045 
8. 7157 

1.  6888 
2. 1687 

10. 3895 

2. 1498 

.7970 

43. 0150 

.  8137 

18. 0265 

9. 9285 

9. 1518 

11.0515 

21. 2710 

13. 7352 

11. 1345 

1.3415 

1. 6158 

7. 8382 

1. 4148 

8. 8317 

2.8158 

15. 1645 

19. 7250 

14. 1402 

5. 3345 

3. 4050 

.  7168 

.1770 

6. 1130 

8. 7622 

.4483 

15. 4150 

3. 9857 

6. 1440 

5. 3813 

15. 9180 

9. 5605 

25. 1890 

3. 7705 

9. 3237 

3. 2363 

8. 2860 

2. 0330 

2. 9815 

11. 3077 

7. 3090 

4.  5745 

7. 5595 

11. 8643 

15. 1430 

41.7230 

25. 4767 

11. 1450 

7. 9860 

8. 6525 

3. 4790 

11. 7135 

3. 0553 

4.4197 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  c«to^«— Continued. 

Guansing,  Endc,  for  the  mu- 
nicipality of  Polo 

Guillermo,  Jacinta 

Guillermo,  Sebastian 

Gula,  Paulino  de 

Gula,  Pedro  de 

Gula,  Victor  de 

Gutierrez,  Eulogia 

Guzman,  Agustin  de 

Guzman,  Andres  de 

Guzman,  Claro  de 

Guzmian,  Damian  de 

Guzman,  Diego  de 

Guzman,  Eliceo  de 

Guzman,  Juan  de 

Guzman,  Macaria  de 

Guzman,  Mariano  de 

Guzman,  Mariano  de 

Guzman,  Mateo  de 

Guzman,  Romana  de 

Guzman,  Severino  de 

Guzman,  Vicenta  de 

Hernandez,  Melesio 

Herrera,  Dominga 

ITipolito,  Buenaventura 

Ilipolito,  Catalino 

Ignacio,  Adriana 

Ilocto,  Tomas 

Inocencio,  Nicanor 

Jacinta,  Alfonzo 

Jacinto,  Gerdnima 

Jacobo,  Fortunate 

Jacobo,  Gregorio 

Jesus,  Andrea  de 

Jesus,  Angeles  de 

Jesus,  Angeles  de 

Jesus,  Francisco  de 

Jesus,  Liseria  de 

Jesus,  Marta  de 

Jesus,  Pedro  de 

Jesus,  Pedro  de 

Jesus,  Vicente  de 

Jiongco,  Liberato 

Joaquin,  Nem.esio 

Jose,  Basilio  de  San 

Jos6,  Remigio 

Juan,  Anastacio 

Juan,  Ciriaco 

Juan,  Cornelio 

Juan,  Cristeto 

Juan,  Cristeto 

Juan,  Francisco 

Juan,  Francisco 

Juan,  Juana  San 

Juan,  Patricio 

Juan,  Severo 

Juan,  Tomas 

Juan,  Urbana 

JulianiD,  Florentina 

Jusayan,  Francisco 

Lacceden,  Agriplno 

Lfizaro,  Barbara 

L5.zaro,  Ciriaco 

Lazaro,  Gabriel 

Ldzaro,  Joso 

Ldzaro,  Juana 

Mzaro,  Perfecta 

Lazaro,  Sil vestre 

Legaspi,  Crisanto 

Legaspi,  Silvino 

Lejano,  Dalmacio 

Leon,  Gregorio  de 

Leon,  Lorenzo  de 

Leon,  Pedro  de 

Leonardo,  Jorge 

Le6n,  Mateo  de 

Leon,  Miguel  de 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1. 9370 

3.8675 
3. 8810 
8. 3505 
8. 4928 
2. 0415 

4.  6635 
7.  6070 
9.3520 

5.  3585 
2. 2007 
6. 4558 
1. 4080 
5.8290 
3. 1715 
8.2760 
2.1820 
1. 1405 
3.  5505 
7. 5277 

.9400 
42. 0348 
16.  6537 
1. 2508 
12. 0530 
12. 5055 

5.  8432 

6.  6710 
10. 8098 
11. 2762 
24. 1823 
25. 7332 

4. 9908 
3.  5802 
8. 4625 
4. 5230 
5. 3513 
6.  3582 

19. 4293 

.5655 

6. 6725 

13. 4902 
6. 1108 
6. 1947 
2.0720 
9. 1338 
8.7625 

11.  2437 

16.  4028 
6. 9447 

13. 1213 
18. 1165 
3. 6030 
11. 0&35 
33. 1375 

17.  7027 
L5183 
9.  7982 
5.5550 
6. 1578 
2. 9107 

38.  6568 
9.  7797 
9.  7990 

3.  5488 
15.  5670 

12.  5737 

4.  5753 
.  8435 

12. 9740 
22.  7105 
24. 9965 

L3985 

.7315 

11. 0682 

2.7645 


ADMINISTRATION    OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


99 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purcliaser. 


Melinta  estate— Continued. 


Leon,  Roman  de 

Liuanag,  Agapito , 

Lorenzo,  Apolonio 

Lorenzo,  Escolastica 

Lorenzo,  Eulalio 

Lorenzo,  Mumeriano 

Lorenzo,  Pedro 

Lorenzo,  Victor 

L(5pez,  Anastacio 

L<5pez,  Felipa 

L(5pez,  Vicente 

Lopez,  Zacarias 

Lucas,  Agaton 

Lucio,  Braulio 

Lucio,  E varisto 

Lucio,  Mariano , 

Lucio,  Mateo 

Luzada,  Gregorio , 

Luzada,  Inocentes , 

Luzada,  Roman , 

Luzon,  Candida 

Luzon  Sugar  Refining  Co.. 

Macabagdal,  Flaviano 

Macatulad,  Juan 

Magdarog,  Feliciano [ 

Magnase,  Gil 

Manero,  Filomena 

Mauero,  Irineo 

Manuel,  Graciano 

Marcelo,  Severo 

Marcelo,  VIcenta ..[.. 

Marcos,  Gabino .,.] 

Marcos,  Juan ] . .  ^ ! 

Marcos,  Luisa 

Marcos,  Pedro 

Maria,  Fernando  Santa ..... 

Mariano,  Alejandro 

Martin,  Aniceto 

Martin,  Felix ' 

Mateo,  Antonio ' 

Mateo,  Jacabo 

Mateo,  Severo ] ' ! 

Marias,  Casimiro ] ' ' 

Matias,  Fernando 

Matias,  Gabriel 

Matias,  Jacobo , 

Matias,  Manuel 

Medina,  Zacarias 

Matos,  Apolonio "  ' 

Mates,  Crispulo 

Matos,  Esteban 

Mauricio,  Gregorio 

M4xtmo  Raymuuda 

M4ximo,  Simeon.  _ ' 

Mendoza,  Gavino 

Mendoza,  Jacobo ........... 

Mendoza,  Juan 

Mendoza,  Luisa 

Mercado,  Antonio .......... 

Mercado,  Engracio 

Mercado,  Felix 

Mercado,  Jacobo ] 

Miguel,  Esteban  San 

Miguel,  Felipe  S 

Miguel,  Fulgencio  San 

Miguel,  Nicolas  San 

Miranda,  Cleto. 

Miranda,  Luciano 

Miranda,  Lucio. ......... 

Mifanda,  Patricia. . . 
Miranda,  Petronila... 

Miranda,  Rufina 

Molina,  Agapito 

Molina,  Catalina 

Molina,  Juan 

Molina,  Romana ..If.. 

Moraea,  Valeriano .... 

!tf  undo,  Alejandro  del 


Area  (in 


pur- 
chased. 

acres). 

1 

0. 6313 

1 

8. 1827 

1 

3. 5803 

1 

4.  4730 

1 

5.  2290 

1 

4. 0910 

3 

10.  3882 

1 

11.  3073 

3 

3. 2560 

1 

.2192 

2 

2.  8063 

2 

9. 0365 

5 

24.  2432 

1 

19. 1000 

1 

7. 2980 

2 

4. 1963 

1 

8.6832 

7 

12. 7688 

1 

10.  4160 

1 

12.  3287 

1 

5. 1195 

1 

.  4922 

1 

7.2138 

3 

3. 6782 

1 

5. 9033 

3 

31. 3480 

1 

7. 0880 

1 

3. 4652 

2 

8. 5163 

5 

14. 7945 

1 

4.5360 

1 

.6900 

1 

1. 6667 

1 

10. 6013 

1 

18. 1760 

1 

■  22. 1975 

1 

3. 1882 

4 

25. 7328 

5 

13. 7432 

1 

4. 7458 

2 

4. 7272 

1 

3. 9920 

2 

12. 3998 

2 

.  8. 9^30 

1 

5. 4750 

2 

14,9247 

2 

11. 0230 

1 

4. 7395 

2 

7. 0608 

1 

2.0752 

1 

.9155 

1 

9. 2058 

1 

3. 3890 

1 

.  8185 

1 

.  8767 

1 

7.1115 

2 

6. 4380 

2 

18. 0740 

2 

32. 39G3 

2 

22. 54.55 

1 

10.7770 

1 

5. 3422 

1 

1. 7570 

1 

8. 9655 

1 

12. 2838 

1 

1. 1292 

2 

7. 8475 

1 

5.0315 

1 

7. 1220 

8 

92.  8723 

2 

6.  5300 

5 

16.5162 

1 

3.  7178 

1 

1. 3455 

3 

27. 3817 

1 

13. 9245 

2 

2. 8458 

1 

10. 1877 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  estate—Continued. 

Mundo,  Antonio  del 

Mvuido,  Feliciano  del 

Narciso,  Isidro 

Narciso,  Juan 

Natividad,  Bernabe 

Nunez,  Juana 

Onon,  Benito  de 

Origen,  Asuncion 

Origen,  Gregorla 

Orozco,  Damaso 

Orozco,  Quiterio 

Ortega,  Marcos 

Pablo,  Florentino  San 

Pablo,  Victor 

Pabre,  Marcos 

Pabre,  Pablo 

Pacheco,  Eugenio 

Pacheco,  Juan 

Pacheco,  Matea 

Pacheco,  Perfecto 

Pacheco,  Valeriano 

Pacheco,  Victorina 

Padrinao,  Antonio 

Padrinao,  Apolonio 

Padrinao,  Gregorio 

Padrinao,  Juana 

Padua,  Anastacia 

Padua,  Juan 

Padua,  Santiago 

Papa,  Pablo 

Pascual,  Hilaria 

Pascual,  Josefa 

Pascual,  Juan 

Pascual,  Maria 

Pascual,  Matias 

Pascual,  Petra 

Pascual,  Tranquilino 

Paterno,  Eriberto  M 

Paula,  Engracia 

Paulo,  Joaquin 

Pedro,  Felipe  San 

Pena,  Julio  de  la 

Policarpio,  Mariano 

Ponciano,  Leopoldo 

Rafael,  Agapito 

Rafael,  Canuto 

Rafael,  Claro 

Rafael,  Isidora 

Ramirez,  Apolonio 

Ramirez,  Gregorio 

Ramirez,  Jacinto 

Ramirez,  Juan 

Ramirez,  Paulina 

Ramos,  Calixto 

Ramos,  Julian. 

Ramos,  Mariano 

Ramos,  Matea 

Ramos,  Mateo 

Ramos,  R om.an 

Ramos,  Teodora 

Ramoy,  Arcadio 

Rase,  Bartolome 

Raymundo,  Alejandra 

Raj^mundo,  Ana 

Raymundo,  Perpetua 

Regla,  Eugenio  de 

Regla,  Vicente  de 

Rivera,  Arcadio 

Rivera,  Basilia 

R  ivera,  Gabriela 

Rivera,  Pastor 

Rivera,  Paulino 

Rivera  y  Diaz,  Simeon 

Rivero,  Mariano 

Reyes,  Adriano 

Reyes,  Agapito  de  los. 

Reyes,  Benito  de  los 

Reyes,  Bernardo  de  los 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


17. 4795 
3. 4408 
6. 1857 
2.0878 
1. 0497 
5.2093 
3. 0850 
9. 0110 

10. 9405 
1. 4325 
1. 4867 
7. 6088 

31.6322 

37. 3305 
1.0668 
4.3650 
9. 7517 

15.8728 

10. 8190 
5. 6902 

15.0955 
2. 4090 
7. 4938 

11.7475 

39.  6730 
6. 4815 

13.3140 

.4447 

6. 2465 

11.0820 
9. 4198 
1. 7798 

10. 1105 
4.5335 

15. 3977 

10.  5903 

19. 2G72 
3. 0398 
6.  7527 
7.4158 
5.1935 

15. 0555 
2.1.397 

14.  ()243 
9. 2512 
3. 1298 
2. 8067 
5. 8025 
4. 6005 

14. 0678 
.6302 
4. 1440 
7. 9338 
9.7107 

10. 2290 
2. 1420 
7. 2200 

11.4663 

49. 5402 
1. 6440 
7.5453 
.  8652 
9. 7573 
8.  69^^ 

13.4232 
4. 0040 
8.  6380 
5.0113 
2.3112 
3. 3618 

18.  3120 

16. 5822 
8.  7960 
9. 5785 
3. 0720 
4. 6045 

17. 4685 
7.7510 


100 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  estate— ConVmwed. 

Reyes,  Bonifacio  de  los 

Reyes,  Candelaria  de  los 

Reyes,  Cayetano 

Reyes,  Ciriaca  de  los 

Reyes,  Cirilo  de  los 

Reyes,  Crisanto  de  los 

Reyes,  Domingo  de  los 

Reyes,  Eliceo 

Reyes,  Felipe  de  los 

Reyes,  Genaro  de  los 

Reyes,  Inoceticia  de  los 

Reyes,  Isidore 

Reyes,  Maroelo  de  los 

Reyes,  Mariano  de  los 

Reyes,  Mena 

Reyes,  Regino  de  los 

Reyes,  Roman  de  los 

Reyes,  Telesforo  de  los 

Roberto,  Francisca 

Roberto,  Rornualdo 

Roinarao,  Manuel 

Rosa,  Venaiicia  de  la 

R osario,  Andres  del 

Rosarlo,  Potenciano  del 

Roque,  Aguslin  San 

Roque,  Juan  San 

Rodriguez,  Francisca 

Rodriguez,  Quintina 

RubioJ  Gertrudes 

Rnfmo,  Ambrosio  Santa 

Salome,  Raymunda 

Salvador,  Bonifacio 

Salvador,  JoscS 

Salvador,  Julia 

Salvador,  Monico 

Salvador,  Serviliano 

Salvador,  Serviliano 

Samonte,  Nazaria 

Santiago,  Apolinario 

Santiago,  Aureliano 

Santiago,  Benito 

Santiago,  Ciriaco 

Santiago,  Cirilo 

Santiago,  Faustino 

Santiago,  Gabriela 

Santiago,  Maria 

Santiago,  Nemesio  Delfin 

Santiago,  Maria 

Santiago,  Mariano 

Santiago,  Petronila 

Santiago,  Pio 

Santiago,  Roque 

Santiago,  Saturnine 

Santiago,  Simeon 

Santiago,  Tomas 

Santos,  Angel  de  los 

Santos,  Antonio  de  los 

Santos,  Antonio  de  los 

Santos,  Bernardino  de  los 

Santos,  Ciriaco  de  los 

Santos,  Dionisio 

Santos,  Feliciano  de  los 

Santos,  Gualberto 

Santos,  Mariano  de  los 

Santos,  Paula  de  los 

Santos,  Pedro  de  los 

Santos,  Potenciana  de  los 

Santos,  Rornualdo 

Santos,  Severe  de  los 

Santos,  'Teodora  de  los 

Sarmiento,  Ana 

Sarmiento,  Eulogio 

Serrano,  Buenaventura 

Serrano,  Juan 

Serrano,  Pascual 

Serrano,  Tiburcio 

Serrano,  Valentin 


pur- 
chased, 


Area  (in 

acres). 


5. 2598 
1. 2082 

34. 1428 
2. 3577 
4.7313 

32.  4375 
1. 4000 

10. 0525 

27. 2062 
1. 6483 
2. 7692 

16. 9195 
4.  3278 
2. 7220 
6. 6885 

11.9052 

14.  7788 

19. 2935 
3. 1390 
2.2182 
6. 3993 
1. 1705 
2. 4595 

21. 6442 

30.0513 

.2470 

3.5127 

4.6028 

10. 1032 
9. 8308 
6. 4720 
7.5790 
5. 9432 

17. 5930 

17. 7933 

10. 8042 
4. 7033 
6. 9095 
2. 4657 
7.2515 

11.3648 
7. 3980 
9. 2995 
.9362 
8. 8885 
1.3115 
122. 7780 
4. 6835 
4.  5853 
2.0352 
1.  5535 

24. 8090 
5. 6305 
9.7715 
9. 9053 
3. 1087 

11. 9230 
4. 8578 
3. 34.37 

12.  5503 
3. 9085 
9. 0455 

45.  9805 
1.4217 
2. 3263 
.9855 
7. 3992 
.  ('>300 
1. 6365 

19.  5373 
6. 6445 
2. 9243 

12.  5820 
6. 0023 

97. 7072 

57. 1898 
6. 5730 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Melinta  estate — Continued. 

Sevilla,  Hermogena  de 

Siddall,  Theodore 

Siderio,  Ignacio 

Silvestre,  Bonifacia 

Simon,  Diego 

Simon,  Eucebio 

Simon,  Fehpe 

Sellera,  Gregorio 

Soto,  Julian  de 

Soto,  Luisa  de 

Tadeo,  Bonifacio 

Teodoro,  Juan 

Teodoro,  Victorio 

Tercias,  Domingo 

Trinidad,  Andrea 

Trinidad,  Benito 

Trinidad,  Leon 

Trinidad,  Maria 

Urrutia,  Clemente 

Urrutia,  Eleuterio 

Urrutia,  Francisco 

Urrutia,  Guillermo 

Urrutia,  Juana 

Urrutia,  Leon 

Urrutia,  Ludovico 

Urrutia,  Maxima 

Urrutia,  Merced 

Urrutia,  Pedro 

Urrutia,  Pelagio 

Valenzuela,  Anselmo 

Valenzuela,  Antonio 

Valenzuela,  Crispiniano  A . . . 

Valenzuela,  Emilia 

Valenzuela,  Emilia 

Valenzuela,  Escolastico 

Valenzuela,  Feliza 

Valenzuela,  Francisco  D 

Valenzuela,  Juana 

Valenzuela,  Maria 

Valenzuela,  Pascual 

Valenzuela,  Pedro 

Valenzuela,  Plo 

Valenzuela,  Rufmo  D 

Valenzuela,  Rufino  D 

Valenzuela,  Sotera 

Vedana,  Dalmacio 

Vega,  Bernabe  de 

Velilla,  Victor 

Villano,  Anacleto 

Villano,  Saturnino 

Villongco,  Vicenta 

Virgin ues,  Venancio 

Vivar,  Tomas  de 

Waldroop,  John  R 

Yamco,  Apolonio 

Zacarias,  Francisco 

Zacarias,  Roberto 

Zafra,  Feliciano  de 

Zamora,  Isabeloi 

Zamora,  Juana 

Zamora,  Sinforozo 

Zufiiga,  Anacleto 

Zuhiga  Placido 

Zufiiga,  Raymundo 

Zuniga,  Sixta 

778  purchasers;  1,309  sales; 
7,793.4245  acres. 

Muntinlupa  estate. 

Abad,  Jos^ 

Adolfo,  Cirilo 

Adolfo,  Josefa 

Adolfo,  Juana 

Adolfo,  Ignacia 

Aguinaldo,  Evaristo 


xarceis 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 

acres). 

1 

17. 0605 

1 

1. 3882 

3 

24. 4033 

1 

1.0525 

1 

11. 1727 

1 

.5948 

1 

9. 1990 

1 

1. 6915 

4 

24. 7035 

1 

.3372 

1 

L0800 

1 

5. 4813 

1 

.2727 

3 

9. 7763 

2 

2. 9622 

1 

3.1450 

3 

3. 2950 

2 

5. 9520 

1 

1. 7325 

1 

1. 4810 

1 

1.  4320 

1 

1. 5155 

1 

.4653 

4 

35. 4162 

3 

3. 3010 

1 

13. 2558 

5 

39.  5097 

1 

3. 1823 

3 

6. 5342 

1 

2. 4930 

2 

25. 8123 

2 

12. 2325 

1 

.9795 

1 

7. 1472 

1 

3. 8245 

1 

5.7190 

3 

11. 3940 

2 

7. 2563 

1 

2.  7322 

1 

5.  2640 

1 

16.  0288 

1 

1.9612 

7 

53. 1648 

2 

13. 0210 

1 

4. 3255 

1 

2.  4720 

6 

19. 5102 

1 

8. 4373 

1 

4. 2845 

1 

4. 1420 

2 

30.  6822 

6 

23. 0788 

2 

4.  2002 

2 

4.  4403 

2 

20. 0370 

1 

4.  2612 

1 

6.  4473 

4 

21.  8032 

2 

9. 1608 

1 

4.  6562 

2 

5.  7713 

1 

4.  3387 

1 

15. 6035 

1 

3. 1200 

1 

4.  4258 

.2912 

4.  5890 
,  9093 

5.  4035 

.8082 
.4438 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


101 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntinlupa  estate— Cont'd. 

Alvarez,  Felicia 

Alvarez,  Leoncia 

Alviar,  Marcos 

Alviar,  Pio 

Amador,  Marta 

Ampaya,  Isalas 

Ampaya,  Juan 

Ampaya,  Pedro 

Aquino,  Eusebio 

Aquino,  Matea 

Arciaga,  Agapito  N 

Arciaga,  Agripina 

Arciaga,  Alejandra 

Arciaga  Montolo,  Agapito 

Arciaga,  Benita 

Arciaga,  Benito 

Arciaga,  Bonifacio 

Arciaga,  Canuto 

Arciaga,  Catalino 

Arciaga,  Diego 

Arciaga,  Dionisio 

Arciaga,  Domingo 

Arciaga,  Dorotea 

Arciaga,  Eugenio 

Arciaga,  Engrasio 

Arciaga,  Faustino 

Arciaga,  Felix  G 

Arciaga,  Gregoria 

Arciaga  y  Bombasi,  Gregorio 

Arciaga,  Gregorio  y  Tagle 

Arciaga,  Gregorio  y  Vivora. . 

Arciaga,  Guillermo 

Arciaga,  Joaquin 

Arciaga,  Juan 

Arciaga,  Juan  Estole 

Arciaga,  Juana 

Arciaga,  Juanita 

Arciaga,  Leoncio 

Arciaga,  Macario 

Arciaga,  Maria 

Arciaga  y  Umali  Maria 

Arciaga,  Mateo 

Arciaga,  Maximo 

Arciaga,  Melencio 

Arciaga,  Monica 

Arciaga,  Pablo 

Arciaga,  Patricio 

Arciaga,  Pedro  y  Medina 

Arciaga,  Tagle  Pedro 

Arciaga,  Perfecta 

Arciaga,  Placida 

Arciaga,  Policarpia 

Arciaga,  Ponciano 

Arciaga,  Regina 

Arciaga,  Regino 

Arciaga,  Rita 

Arciaga,  Santos 

Arciaga,  Serapia 

Arciaga,  Sesario 

Arciaga,  Severo 

Arciaga,  Silverio 

Arciaga,  Simcona 

Arciaga,  Teodoro 

Arciaga,  y  Espiritu  Tomas... 

Arciaga,  tJmale  Tomas 

Arciaga,  Tranqullino 

Arciaga,  Victoriano 

Arcilla,  Pastor 

Arc  ilia,  Petrona 

Ar^valo,  Anacleto 

Ar6valo,  Basilio 

Ar^valo,  Clemente 

Ar^valo,  Cristina 

Ar^valo,  Francisco 

Ar^valo,  Inocencia 

Argame,  Eusebio 

Argame,  Ysabel 

Argana,  Anatalia , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 
acres). 

1 

0. 2870 

3 

.4697 

1 

.1753 

1 

.1132 

1 

.  5683 

4 

.6.7397 

4 

1. 8880 

2 

.4863 

2 

1.  6292 

2 

4.  7110 

2 

3.  4353 

4 

3. 0510 

2 

3. 9632 

1 

.  2638 

11 

28.  4065 

2 

.2915 

3 

5. 9235 

1 

.1252 

2 

1.  6628 

3 

2.  7855 

5 

7.  7872 

2 

.  7760 

1 

4. 1370 

1 

.2278 

1 

.4085 

1 

.2845 

1 

.0895 

1 

.1437 

1 

1.  0845 

3 

3. 1450 

4 

8.  3383 

3 

2. 1497 

1 

.2060 

1 

1.  7830 

4 

5. 0455 

2 

2. 8065 

2 

.  2745 

1 

.1588 

3 

5. 8525 

4 

.7920 

1 

.5115 

5 

3. 0592 

2 

1.  2100 

1 

.1615 

1 

.0825 

1 

.2100 

2 

6. 9225 

1 

.1680 

4 

4. 4558 

4 

3. 5995 

1 

.4160 

2 

.  1825 

3 

2. 6502 

3 

.  9955 

4 

4.2590 

1 

.  1825 

6 

6. 8718 

2 

.  4362 

6 

2.8038 

5 

2. 0790 

1 

.2502 

1 

.1250 

1 

.2028 

3 

2. 9302 

3 

2. 6993 

5 

3. 0035 

3 

5. 5767 

1 

.2430 

2 

.2610 

7 

4.  5148 

4 

9. 8727 

1 

5.0790 

2 

10. 7090 

4 

2. 1475 

2 

.1635 

2 

.6505 

1 

.2325 

1 

.2935 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntinlupa  estate—Cont'd. 

Argana,  Eleuterio 

Argana,  Estanislao 

Argana,  Francisca 

Argana,  Francisco 

Argana,  Ygnacio 

Argana,  Lucio 

Argana,  Marcos 

Argana,  Petrona 

Argana,  Santiago 

Argana,  Tereza 

Argana,  Venancia 

Argana,  Yrene 

Arisaleta,  Faustino 

Arnais,  Crispulo 

Baldwin,  Young  &  Baldwin. 

Baleda,  Anastacio 

Baltazar,  Mariano 

Bastiva,  Eduardo 

Bautista,  Alipio 

Bautista,  Estanislao 

Bautista,  Victor 

Bayanan   Plantation  Syndi- 
cate   

Beltran,  Dionisia 

Bernal,  Angel 

Bernandino,  Esteban 

Biyaya,  Feliciano 

Bolera,  Perfecto 

Bombasi,  Eduviges 

Bombasi,  Leoncia 

Bombasi,  Pedro 

Bombasi,  Petrona 

Brigola,  Juan 

Buenafior,  Roman 

Buladas,  Paulino 

Bufii,  Atanacio 

Bufii,  Ignacio 

Buiii,  Lazaro 

Bufii,  Leon 

Buni,  Lino 

Bufii,  Macario 

Buni ,  Magdalena 

Buni,  Manuela 

Buni,  Mateo 

Buni,  Mauricia 

Bufii,  Torcuato 

Bufii,  Ygnacio 

Calalang,  Braulio 

Calalang,  Florentine 

Carlos,  Zacarias 

Carubio,  A  lojandra 

Carubio,  Mareelino 

Cauili,  Victoriano 

Claridad,  Policarpio 

Claudel,  Ceeilio 

Castillo,  Alberto 

Colete,  Floroncio 

Coronel,  Antonina 

Cruz,  Felipe  de  la 

Cruz,  Lorenzo  de  la 

Cruz,  Patricio  de  la 

Cruz,  Raymunda  de  la 

Cruz,  Salvador 

Cristobal,  Antonia 

Davis,  J.  L 

Diaz,  Andres  J 

Diaz,  Antonio 

Diaz,  Candido 

Diaz,  Catalina 

Diaz,  Florencio 

Diaz,  Francisco 

Diaz  y  Espiritu,  Francisco... 

Diaz,  Gavmo 

Diaz,  Melecio 

Diaz,  Pacifico 

DoUaben,  Felix 

Dolleton,  Dionisio 

Dolleiton,  Lorenzo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1. 2340 
.3123 

3. 4327 
.4080 
.6335 
.1205 
.4038 
.0867 

4.0703 
.9497 
.2450 
.2088 
.2015 
.1560 
770. 7165 

2.5077 
.6750 

2. 4765 
12. 3258 

2. 0722 
17. 9033 

307. 5040 

1. 1782 

.1420 

.3290 

.9050 

.9710 

.8570 

.6295 

.3137 

.3520 

.1428 

.0510 

7. 6257 

.2285 

.3860 

.1555 

1. 5988 

8.  4670 

3. 0267 

8. 8855 

.3805 

6. 8842 

2. 6518 

1. 2337 

1. 1558 

.  1537 

.  9688 

11. 5312 

.1305 

.8030 

3. 3453 

6.8242 

2. 6343 

2. 1285 

.2742 

.2420 

.0503 

.1747 

.3820 

.0755 

1. 6865 

.6853 

[,874.6730 

7. 2810 

5. 2655 

3. 0765 

10. 3210 

2. 8347 

13. 1048 

.1267 

6. 0618 

6. 5277 

4.2408 

.1880 

4. 0710 

10. 7716 


102 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntinlwpa  estate— ConV&. 

Dolleiton,  Ysabcl 

Dolleton ,  Ysa'  elo 

Bolleton,  Adriaiio 

Doileton,  Anicel  a 

Dolleton,  DioTiisio 

Dolleton,  Jos6 

Dolleton,  Tomas 

Dolleton  y  Estole,  Tomas . . . 

Duelas,  Paula 

Duelas,  Regino 

Eliceo,  Teodora 

Ercita,  Baldoiiera 

Espeleta,  Adriana 

Espeleta,  Bonifacia 

Espeleta,  Estanislao 

Espeleta,  G 

Espeleta,  Juliana 

Espeleta,  Magdaleno 

Espeleta,  Meleqio 

Espeleta,  Ilufmo 

Espeleta,  Tomasa 

Espeleta,  Tranquilino 

Esporlas,  Francisco 

Esporlas  y  Gelapo,  Francisco 

Esporlas,  Hilario 

Estanoso,  Andres , 

Esteban,  Rufmo 

Estole,  Cecilia 

Estole,  Cipriano 

Estole,  Dinias 

Estole,  Domingo 

Estomata,  Lucindo 

Estomata,  Rosendo 

Fabian,  Gregorio 

Fabian,  Fal)lo 

Fabian,  Severino 

Fabian,  Tomas 

Fajardo,  Alejo 

Fresnedi,  Baldonsero 

Fresnedi,  Frar^cisco 

Fresnedi,  Irene 

Fresnedi,  Juana 

Fresnedi,  Marcelo 

Fresnedi,  I'aula 

Fresnedi,  Segimdo 

Fresnedi,  Sotero 

Garation,  Claudio 

Garcia,  Antonio 

Garcia,  Apolinario 

Garcia,  Cirila 

Garcia,  Felipa 

Garcia,  Julia 

Garcia,  Leon 

Garcia,  Leoncio 

Garcia,  Macario 

Garcia,  Maximo 

Garcia,  Pablo 

Garcia,  Victor 

Geremillo,  Eugenio 

Gonzales,  Elino 

Gonzales,  Pedro 

Gravador,  Dionisio 

Gravador,  Felix 

Gravador,  Narciso 

Gravador,  Pedro 

Gravador,  Sixta 

Gravador,  Vicente 

Guapesa,  Lorenzo 

Guapesa,  Rufmo 

Guapesa,  Ynes 

Guardacasa,  Fiorentino 

Guardailao,  Ciriaco 

Guarico,  Braulio 

Guarico,  Inocencia 

Guarico,  Leoncia 

Guarico,  Mariano 

Guevara,  Antonino 

Gutierrez,  Benito 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased 


Area  (in 
acres). 


2 

3. 7352 

6 

4. 2()()8 

2 

.4155 

1 

3. 8785 

7 

10. 1865 

8 

10. 5240 

2 

.4787 

3 

4.7343 

1 

.2177 

1 

4. 8470 

2 

.4290 

2 

2. 0618 

1 

.1470 

1 

.3170 

19 

106.0045 

1 

.1332 

1 

.  1133 

2 

1. 1007 

2 

7.9010 

1 

.  1143 

1 

.1037 

2 

.  3300 

2 

4. 9940 

3 

5.0160 

3 

4. 9227 

2 

7. 9C;98 

3 

4. 6257 

2 

.  6365 

1 

4. 4173 

2 

.  3445 

2 

.3312 

3 

1.0213 

1 

.  0817 

2 

4.  7568 

3 

4. 6547 

2 

.  2945 

1 

.  3728 

2 

.8380 

4 

3. 2512 

4 

5. 4838 

1 

.1085 

1 

.1135 

3 

2. 0127 

2 

11.5573 

1 

.  2837 

4 

5. 9285 

2 

.7853 

1 

.2730 

3 

1.1185 

4 

6.1370 

1 

.2140 

3 

3. 6890 

5 

3. 5690 

2 

.  2512 

3 

1.4995 

5 

8. 2525 

3 

.  5645 

5 

4.9522 

10 

12. 5080 

(i 

10. 7393 

4 

4. 0392 

2 

2. 3925 

3 

2. 8550 

1 

.2428 

2 

1.2922 

3 

.  4435 

1 

1.2030 

14 

17. 7435 

4 

9.1515 

2 

2.  7245 

1 

.1738 

3 

.5272 

4 

7.0970 

4 

3. 5395 

1 

2. 4048 

6 

5.3417 

18 

28. 3908 

2 

.3370 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntinlupa  estate— Cont'^ 

Gutierrez,  Florencio 

Gutierrez,  Ubaldo 

Hernandez,  Guillermo 

Intenta,  Paula 

Intenta,  Romana 

Jaojoco,  Antonio 

Joaquin,  Feliciano 

Joaquin,  Vidal 

Juan,  Juana,  San 

Landrito,  Eduarda 

Landrito,  Eustaquio 

Landrito,  Justiniano 

Landrito,  Luis 

Landrito,  Mateo 

Landrito,  Sixto 

Licio,  Esteban 

Loraya,  Dalmacia 

Loresca,  Leon 

Loresca,  Nicasio 

Loresca,  Pelagio 

Lorica,  Glare 

Lorica,  Esteban 

Lumeda,  Narciso 

Macasado,  Severino 

Magpantay,  Flora 

Magpantay,  Santiago 

Malaca,  Feliciano 

Malaca,  Florencio , 

Malaca,  Gavina 

Malaca,  Maria 

Malaca,  Pedro 

Malaca,  Teodorico 

Maniego,  Lazaro 

Manila  Railroad  Co.,  The.. . 

Mc-Fie,  E.  R 

Marfil,  Tomas 

Mariategui,  Lupo 

Maritana,  Bernardino 

Maritana,  Juan 

Maritana,  Justo 

Maritana,  Paula 

Maritana,  Tereza 

Marmeto,  Leoncio 

Martinez,  Severo 

Martinez,  Victorina 

Medina,  Claudio 

Medina,  Feliciano 

Medina,  Honorio 

Medina,  Juan 

Medina,  Lorenzo 

Medina,  Luis 

Medina,  Simon 

Medina,  Tomasa 

Medina,  Vicente 

Mellama,  Francisco 

Mendiola,  Florencio 

Mesa,  Alberto  de 

Mesa,  Anastasio  de 

Mesa,  Faustino  de 

Mesa,  Gaudencio 

Mesa,  Juan  de 

Mesa,  Monica  de 

Mesa,  Rufma  de 

Mesa,  Severo  de 

Mesa.  Valente  de 

Menaoza,  Eleuterio 

Milled,  Moises 

Miranda,  Guillermo 

Mirando,  Seferino 

Moldes,  Santos 

Moldes,  Faustina 

Moldes,  Perfecto 

Moldes,  Raymunda 

Moldes,  Santos 

Moldes,  Simeon 

Moldes,  Sotero 

Molera,  Arcadio 

Molera,  Perfecto 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


103 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  shoiting 
the  estates  upon  tdiich  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntiniupa  estate— Cont'd. 

Mollet,  Juan 

Monte,  Benito  del 

Monte,  Eulogio  del 

Monte,  Juan  del 

Monte,  Manuel  del 

Monte,  Maximo  del 

Montellano,  Juan 

Montellano,  Maxima 

Montellano,  Paulino 

Montellano,  Ponciano 

Montellano,  Valentina 

Montellano,  Vicente 

Montolo,  Fernando 

Montola,  Romana 

Moso,  Juan 

Nati vidad,  Guillermo 

Navarro,  Agaton 

Navarro,  Aguido 

Navarro,  Alfonzo 

Navarro,  Antonio 

Navarro,  Apolonia 

Navarro,  Candida 

Navarro  y  Medina,  Candida. 
Navarro  y  de  Jesus,  Catalina. 
Navarro  y  Mendoza,  Catalina 

Navarro,  Cornello 

Navarro,  Epifania 

Navarro,  Evarlsto 

Navarro,  Fausta 

Navarro,  Feliciano 

Navarro,  Felipa 

Navarro,  Florencio 

Navarro,  Gervacia 

Navarro,  Isidoro 

Navarro,  Leoncia 

Navarro,  Luis 

Navarro,  Macario 

Navarro,  Mamerta 

Navarro,  Manuela 

Navarro,  Regino 

Navarro,  Teodora 

Navarro,  Zacarias 

Nofuente,  Basillo 

Obispo,  Eustaquio 

Olivares,  Anastacio 

Oncena,  Hilaria 

Onella,  Calixto 

Onella,  Donata 

Onella,  Ysabelo 

Onsanada,  Pacifico 

Ordonez,  Eustaquia 

Orendain,  Jos6 

Orillana,  Agripina 

Orillana,  Ambrocio 

Orillana,  Felipe 

Padilla,  Emlgdio 

Padilla,  Maria 

Padilla,  Simeona 

Papa,  Roman 

Partosa,  Joaquin 

Pasion,  Balbina 

Pasion,  Cipriana 

Pasion,  Clara 

Pasion,  Maxima. 

Patriarca,  Pedro 

Pedro,  Hilarion  San 

Pedro,  Juan  S 

Pedro,  Nicacio  San 

Pili,Candido 

Pili,  Catalina 

Pill,  Tomasa 

Policarpio,  Florencia 

Ponce,  Maria 

Ponce,  Segunda 

Ponsones,  Anastacia 

Ponsones,  Simeon , 

Porciuncula,  Lucia , 

Porcincula,  Lucio , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


8 

0. 9135 

1 

.104? 

2 

.3230 

3 

13. 9125 

1 

1.3370 

1 

.1178 

1 

.0972 

2 

2. 8400 

2 

1. 8685 

1 

.3890 

4 

5.  2137 

3 

1. 7653 

I 

.1903 

2 

2. 4770 

4 

9.2543 

2 

.5517 

3 

.9100 

4 

3.0183 

2 

.4072 

2 

4. 7800 

1 

.1035 

2 

.4183 

1 

.  6925 

3 

3.8235 

3 

.9580 

2 

5. 3707 

2 

.2853 

7 

25. 4220 

1 

.1192 

4 

7.3873 

1 

.1445 

1 

.1737 

2 

.5578 

2 

.4287 

2 

.4545 

2 

1. 1993 

3 

3. 7482 

2 

.4050 

3 

.3915 

3 

-4865 

1 

.1945 

4 

4. 2898 

1 

4. 8585 

1 

1. 0180 

2 

8.0742 

5 

4. 9668 

1 

.  5402 

2 

.2720 

2 

1.  6903 

3 

5. 3995 

3 

2. 6320 

2 

.  2045 

1 

.1892 

3 

4. 2338 

2 

5. 0002 

3 

13. 0870 

1 

.  0()33 

4 

5. 9880 

3 

.8742 

2 

6. 3438 

12 

12. 9265 

1 

.  2955 

1 

.3177 

1 

.3288 

1 

.2157 

2 

.4245 

4 

9.  3120 

1 

.0608 

2 

.  4245 

1 

1.  0320 

1 

.  0960 

3 

.6347 

1 

.1815 

2 

2.  5848 

2 

.1517 

4 

5.0293 

1 

2. 0792 

1 

.2815 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntiniupa  estate — Cont'd. 


Porcincula,  Victoriano 

Purtasio,  Hilarion 

Purtasio,  Pablo 

Pullensa,  Basilio 

Pullensa,  Escolastico 

Punsalan,  Francisco 

Purilicacion,  Claudio 

Ramos,  Nicolas 

Redulfo,  Jos6 

Reydemano,  Luis 

Raymundo,  Santos 

Remundo,  Segundo 

Rivera,  Alfonzo 

Rosaura,  Felix 

Rosaura,  Juan 

Salamon,  Leoncio 

Salamon,  Monico 

Salomon,  Nasaria 

Salomon,  Vicente 

Salomon,  Ysabel 

Santos,  Pedro  de  los 

Santos,  Tranquilino  de  los. 

Serrano,  Severo 

Sibal,  Cipriano 

Sibal,  Ciriaco 

Sil vestre,  Tomasa 

Sinoc,  Jos6 

Solacito,  Nicacio^ 

Solacito,  Roman 

Solegan,  Eleuteria 

Solema,  Lucio 

Soles,  Catalina 

Somos,  Antonio 

Soriano,  Aguida 

Soriano,  Ceferino 

Soriano,  Damaso 

Soriano,  Lucio 

Soriano,  Valeriano 

Sulema,  Fermin 

Tacbad,  Margarita 

Tagle,  Cclestino 

Tagle,  Mateo 

Tagle,  Santiago 

Tensuan,  Vicente 

Tolentino,  Leoncia 

Tolentino,  Pedro 

Tolentino,  Raymundo 

Torres,  Canuta 

Trinidad,  Cornelio 

Trinidad,  Roberto 

Trozado,  Eulalio 

Trozado,  Felipe 

Trozado,  Maximo 

Unella,  Gregorio 

Unira,  Agaton 

Unira,  Pedro 

(Unira,  Ysidoro) 

Unisa,  Maximo 

Velazco,  J^iraulio 

Velazco,  Felicidad 

Velazco ,  Juliana 

Victa,  Rufino 

Vidal,  Esteban 

Villamaria,  Macario 

Villanueva,  Eugenio 

Villanueva,  Julian 

Villanueva,  Lorenzo 

Villanueva,  Luis 

Vinalon,  Genoveba 

Viiialon,  Guillerma 

Vifialon,  Juan 

Vifialon,  Lope 

Vinalon,  Luis 

Vifialon,  Martina 

Vifialon  y  Eliceo,  Pedro. . . 

Vivo,  Gregorio 

Vivo,  Liigo 

1  Vivo,  Pedro 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


18. 4040 
.  6198 

4.  3070 
2.  9750 
2.  2915 

13.  6862 

2.  8058 
.1052 
.  1035 
.0790 
.  5685 
.  2030 
.1048 
.3525 
.6237 

1.  4183 
.2437 

5.  5615 
2. 1918 
2. 1865 

.1830 
.5560 
.2655 

3.  7460 
.5607 
.2965 
.1565 

1. 1557 

1.  0437 
.1915 
.  4600 

3. 1428 

13.  5712 

.3915 

2.  6700 
.0883 

1.  6085 

,9055 

.1220 

.3763 

4. 6602 

6. 5703 

.1505 

32. 6690 

.0970 

2.8565 

2. 2835 

5. 2107 

.2930 

.1853 

.4927 

.2720 

3. 9410 

5. 5105 

.2688 

.  3695 

4. 4705 

.0692 

.3920 

.4710 

10. 5008 

.1087 

.  4615 

3.8650- 

6.  0040 
2. 3745 
1. 3223 

.  2340 

.1090 

.6185 

7. 2297 

2. 9278 

13. 3182 

.1410 

5. 0348 

2. 0940 

.5577 

9.8143 


104 


ADMIIsriSTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Muntinlupa  estate — Cont'd. 

Vivo,  Victor 

Vivora,  Ciriaco 

Wickersham,  Ysabel 

Willey ,  Agripina 

Ynsorio,  Doroteo 

478  purchasers;  1,253  sales: 
4,543.0058  acres. 

Naic  estate. 

Aatafigan,  Andrea 

Aatangan,  B14s 

Aatafigan,  Jos6 

Aatafigan,  Melecio 

Abad,  Candida 

Abad,  Eduardo 

Abad,  Josefa 

Abad,  Laureano 

Abad,  Lucas 

Abad,  Marcela 

Abad,  Riifma 

Abad ,  Silvestre 

Abad .  Vicenta 

Abadilla,  Rosa 

Abeledo.  Maria 

Abueg,  Rita 

Acosta,  Fermln 

Acosta,  Isidoro 

Aguilar,  Quintin 

Alamang,  Eulogia 

Alamang,  Genoveva 

Alamang,  Jos(5 

Alamang,  Margarita 

Alamang,  Maximina 

Alamang,  I^uiino 

Alano,  Alfonso 

Alc&ntara,  Eugenio 

Almario,  Fabi4n 

Almario,  Vicenta 

Amazona,  Perpetua 

Andaya,  Ignacia 

Andridn,  Antonio 

Andri<5n,  Leoncia 

Angeles,  Albino  M 

Angeles,  Isabel  M.  de 

Anglo,  Sixto , 

Anico,  Isidro 

Anlnasat,  Bonifacio 

Anor,  Valentlna 

Anteojo,  Antonio 

Anteojo,  Juliana 

Anteojo,  Miguel 

Antipala,  Maximo 

Anuat,  Antonio 

Anuat,  T31asica 

Anuat,  Dami4n 

Anuat,  Elias 

Anuat,  Maria 

Anuat,  Reimunda 

Anuat,  Ygnacio 

Afiil,  Damaso 

Apaya,  Escol4stica 

Apaya,  Escolastica 

'  Apaya,  Justo 

Apaya,  Mateo 

Api,  Demetria 

Apita,  Enrique 

Apo,  Francisco 

Aporra,  Segunda 

Apute,  Clemente 

Apute,  Lucas 

Apute,  Pedro 

Apute,  Sixta 

Aquino,  Antonio 

Aquino,  Petrona 

Aquino,  Salom^ 

Arandia,  Donato 

Arandia,  Jovita 

Arandia,  Marcelino 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1. 1040 
10. 5750 
7.0115 
4. 4125 
6.0547 


6.  3847 

7.  8348 
100.  4657 

IL  1165 
.1530 
.3123 
2.  61G0 
.  2257 
.  5480 
.0935 
.0480 
.0710 
.9973 
.8352 
.0625 
.2548 
L  8135 
.0405 
.1477 
.1230 
.2898 
.1892 
.1025 
.0845 
.2110 

31. 1000 

1.  4888 
.7097 
.1435 
.0290 
.  1440 
.0830 
.0975 

22.  0485 

16.  8960 

33.  9988 

.2035 

.0900 

.  1222 

6.  6930 

7.  8800 
.2083 
.  2525 

2.  9415 
2.  9497 

18.  9923 
12.  0860 
1.  7040 
.1625 
.0995 
.4275 

1.  7487 

2.  3350 
.  0698 
,0628 
.0830 
.2285 
.2627 
.0955 
.5828 
.  1405 

2. 1245 
.  1490 
.2100 
.1235 
.0655 
.4000 
.  1815 
.2575 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  estate — Continued, 

Arayata,  Antonina 

Arcay,  Julia 

Arcay ,  Teresa 

Arcedon,  M6nica 

Arcena,  Feliciana 

Arcena,  Juan 

Arcena,  Ivucas 

Arcena,  Margarita 

Arcena,  Maria 

Arcena,  Severino 

Arc6n,  Nosa 

Arenas,  Antonino 

Arenas,  Apolonio 

Arenas,  Augusto 

Arenas,  Bibiana 

Arenas,  B14s 

Arenas,  Caya 

Arenas,  Dominga 

Arenas,  Fernando 

Arenas,  Juana 

Arenas,  Lucena 

Arenas,  Macario 

Arenas,  Mamerto 

Arenas,  Maria 

Arenas,  Maria 

Arenas,  Miguel  M 

Arenas,  Simedn 

Argotas,  Eduvigis 

Arguelles,  Antonia. . . 

A  rguelles ,  13  altazar 

Arguelles,  Felipa 

Arguelles,  Le(5n 

Arguelles,  Pio 

Arguelles,  Teresa 

Astuar,  Gervasio 

Astuar,  Melitdn 

Asunci<3n,  Francisco 

A tienza,  Teodoro 

Avilla,  Ambrosio 

A  villa,  Arist6n 

Avilla,  II ilari<5n 

Avilla,  Severino 

Awa,  A  gustln 

Awa,  Marcela 

Awa,  Rosa 

Bacay,  Aniceto 

Bahia,  A guedo 

Baitan,  Marta 

Bar6n,  Raymunda 

Barrera,  Anastasia 

Barrera,  Manuel 

Barrera,  Margarita 

Baterreza,  Jos6 

Bautista,  Cornelio 

Bautista,  Josefa 

Bautista,  Pedro 

Bayan,  Gavina 

Baytan,  Isabel 

Bay  tan,  Luis 

Beelar,  Charles 

Beligon,  In^s 

Beligon,  Leonida 

Beltrto,  Isabel 

Bello,  Luis 

Benedicto,  Cipriano 

Benedicto,  Soledad 

Benitez,  Esteban 

Bergado,  Maria 

Bergado,  Rafael 

Bernabd,  Basilia 

Bernab^,  Pantaledn 

Bernal,  Mdximo 

Bersinda,  Fermlna 

Bertolano,  Anastasia 

Bigalbal,  Antonina 

Bigapas,  Severo 

Binasa,  Dorotea 

Bihasa,  Francfeco 

BIhasa,  Lorenzo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 0922 

.1155 

.0605 

.0408 

.0925 

6. 6957 

.0728 

4. 0367 

.1168 

8. 1047 

5. 1833 

12. 1565 

4. 3637 

8.8485 

8. 1743 

12. 3905 

155. 5122 

4. 4775 

37. 0615 

16. 3283 

.0225 

.2110 

6.  6787 
.0298 

7.  5785 
9. 4357 

36. 0300 

9.0068 

.1902 

17. 0363 

1. 5707 

4. 3975 

.0523 

9. 4565 

2.5310 

4. 0637 

.2705 

.0865 

14.9935 

.1403 

.3997 

3.3210 

.3620 

.1820 

.1805 

7.4737 

.3275 

.0685 

.0348 

.4055 

.2368 

.0987 

.0613 

.8532 

.0218 

.0887 

.0910 

10.0133 

.3012 

206.8000 

.1008 

.4077 

.0518 

.  1625 

19. 1660 

11.1535 

5. 5802 

.0925 

.1120 

4. 4148 

3.3635 

.4145 

.0895 

.0772 

.1533 

.0715 

10.3326 

2. 1557 

.1735 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS, 


105 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Nate  estate— Continued . 


Bihasa,  Remigio 

Bilan,  Matias 

Binatd,  Cirila 

Binato,  Pedro 

Binat6,  Ponciano 

Binatd,  Sotera 

Binitay ,  Ynes 

Bintol,  Cd-ndido 

Bintol,  Cornelio 

Bintol,  Francisco 

Bintol,  ]\Januel 

Bintol,  Ursula 

Binoncal,  Demetria 

Binoncal,  Eleuteria 

Bisa,  Antonio 

Bisa,  Lucia 

Bisain,  Ctodida 

Bisain,  Emiliana 

Bisain,  Valentina 

Boda,  Buenaventura  de. 

Boda,  Florentina  de 

Boda,  Jorge  de 

Buenaflor,  Guillermo 

Buenavista,  Rosenda 

Buenviaje,  Eustaquia. . . 

Buhain,  Bernardo 

Bahain,  Bernardo 

Bustamente,  C  ipriano. . . 

Bustamente,  C  lara 

Bustamente,  Claro 

Bustamente,  Cristobal-. . 
Bustamente,  Dionisio. . . 
Bustamente,  Emiliana. . 

Bustamente,  Fidel 

Bustamente,  Isidro 

Bustamente,  Simedn 

Bustamente,  Teodora 

Cabarrubio,  Marta 

Cabasi,  Isabel 

Cabrera,  Jacinto 

Cabunt(5n,  Sinforosa 

Cachao,  Luis 

Caildn,  Manuela 

Cailao,  Basilio 

Cailao,  Gregoria 

Cailao,  Honorato 

Cailao,  In6z 

Cailao,  Pablo 

Cailao,  Rita 

Cailao,  Rulino 

Cailao,  Ruperta 

Caina,  Lucia 

Caina,  Simplicio 

Caina,  Vicenta 

Caina,  Victorino 

Cajapin,  Laureano 

Calantog,  Jos6 

Calantog,  Maria 

Calantog,  Mdxima 

Calantog,  Rafael 

Calantog,  Rita 

Caldoso,  Macario 

Caliwanagan,  Juana 

Canseco,  Josefa 

Canseco,  Telesforo 

Caparas,  Alejandro 

Capar4s,  Bernardo 

Capar4s,  Francisco 

Carencia,  Pedro 

Casafiada,  Saturnino 

Castillo,  Simplicio 

Castro,  Antonia  f'e 

Castro,  Antonio  de 

Castro,  Isabelo  de 

Castro,  Modesta  de 

Castro,  Teodora  de 

Catahan,  Eusehi  > 

Catcalin,  Melecio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 7505 

.0477 

.0685 

1. 1200 

12.3392 

.0495 

5.1458 

7.4212 

.8508 

.1277 

5.0600 

.0543 

6.5882 

3.3045 

.1478 

.1432 

.0958 

.1182 

.1760 

3. 5405 

3. 2728 

4. 8130 

7. 0210 

.1412 

6.  4638 
7. 2832 

.2708 

3. 2847 

.0213 

16. 3805 

338.  9100 

9. 3742 

.0368 

6.6085 

.0290 

13. 5960 

18.  7937 

7.  8315 
.  0175 

1.  9953 
.0735 
.1412 
.1918 

6.  5360 
.1602 

5. 1053 
.1430 
.0400 

5. 5755 
.0485 

5. 8800 
.7620 

4. 6242 
.2690 
.2848 
.3087 
.0453 

3. 5065 
.0292 
.1588 
.0530 

5.  6185 

.0720 

28. 1160 

28. 1207 

6. 5323 
.0810 
.0245 
.0642 

3. 2705 

.1188 

22. 8482 

13.0950 

.1038 

26.3752 

37.9685 

.  2875 

.1465 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  e«to<e— Continued, 

Catibayan,  Alejandra 

Catibayan,  Agat<5n 

Catibayan,  Daniel 

Catibayan,  Filoraeno 

Catibayan,  Genoveva 

Catibayan,  Pedro 

Cntibayan,  Valeria 

Catibayan,  Valeriano 

Catig,  Pascual 

Catimon,  Atanasia 

Catimon,  Paulina 

Catoto,  Marcelo 

Catubig,  Camila 

Catubo,  Dominga 

Catubo,  Leoncia 

Caturay,  Dominga 

Cawad,  Bernabe 

Cawad,  Dominga 

Cawad,  Eulalia 

Cawad,  Lorenzo 

Cawad,  Marcelo 

Cawasa,  Hilaria 

Cawel,  Paulina 

Cawit,  Gavina 

Cawitj  Rita 

Cayarian,  Arcadia 

Cayas,  Angela 

Cayas,  Balbina 

Cayas,  Crispina 

Cayas,  Epifania 

Cayas,  Hermenegildo 

Cayas,  Jos^ 

Cayas,  Manuela 

Cayas,  Modesta 

Cayas,  Paula 

Cayas,  Potenciaua 

Cayas,  Teresa 

Cayas,  Teodora 

Cayas,  Tom^s 

Cayas,  Victoria 

Cebu,  Catalina 

Cebil,  Paula 

Cena,  Alejandro 

Cena,  Andrea 

Cena,  B14s 

Cena,  Braulia 

Cena,  Doroteo 

Cena,  Lorenzo 

Cernal,  Basilia 

Concepcidn,  Marcelino 

Constantino,  Donate 

Constantino,  Romana 

Constantino,  Rita 

Cordero,  Lorenza 

Cordero,  Remigia 

Cordero,  Saturnino 

Corpus,  Eleuterio 

Corpus,  Felipe 

Corpus,  Francisco 

Corpus,  Lorenzo 

Cornejo,  Vicente 

Coronel,  Lucfa 

Cruz,  Fabiana  de  la 

Cruz,  Zoila  de  la 

Custodio,  Serapia 

Datuon,  Ciriaco 

David,  Aleje 

David,  Filomeno 

Darid,  Gavina 

David,  Lsabel 

David,  Juan 

David,  Sime6n 

David,  Susana. .: 

Descallar,  Crisanto 

Descallar,  Marcelino 

Dichii^kong,  Mariano 

Digo,  Florencio 

Dimaala,  Le<5n 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  fin 
acres). 


12. 


115. 


43. 


3487 
2048 
3640 
2698 
8032 
2340 
6373 
2495 
5655 
4725 
0290 
0525 
2467 
0478 
0607 
2363 
3092 
2333 
3665 
5055 
4505 
7576 
2372 
2278 
2677 
1880 
1465 
8955 
4265 
2438 
0882 
2335 
1370 
1465 
3300 
0718 
2767 
0610 
0418 
2570 
9647 
6713 
5075 
1102 
5928 
1857 
0988 
1645 
0520 
3587 
1065 
0313 
2732 
2638 
3285 
3972 
8105 
4338 
4237 
1773 
1710 
3752 
0420 
2760 
7596 
3243 
if070 
1892 
4325 
8446 
2230 
1603 
5992 
2965 
5355 
1723 
1416 
0320 


82278°—H.  Kept.  2289,  Gl-3 11 


106 


ADMINISTKATIOIsr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  «fa<c— Continued. 


Dimaala,  Pedro 

DImaala.  Tomii^ 

Dimapilis,  Doroteo 

Dimapilis,  Luisa 

Dlfio,  Eugenia 

Diosomlto,  Gervasia 

Dlosomito,  Marcos 

Diosomito,  Pablo 

Diosomito,  Timoteo 

Diosomito,  Vicente 

Diosomito,  Vicente,  and  Sa- 

bas  de  Guzman 

Dolap,  Gliceria 

Dolap,  Pedro 

Dolotan,  Pio 

Dualan,  Blasia 

Dualan,  Camilo 

Dualan,  Luis 

Dualan,  Tom^s 

Dualan,  Valentin 

Duit,  Teodora 

Dulag,  Barbara 

Echenique,  Baldomera 

Elizaga,  Florencio 

Encamacidn,  DAmasa 

Encamacidn,  Jos6 

Encamacidn,  Jovita 

Encamaci<5n,  LAzaro 

Encarnacidn,  Paciencia 

Enearnaci6n,  Kuperto 

Encamacidn,  Vicente 

Enriquez,  Francisco 

Enriquez,  Regina 

Enriquez,  Tita *. 

Esguerra,  Escol&stica 

Esguerra,  Nicol&s 

Espinoza,  Mariano 

Felizarda,  Apolinaria 

Flguerroa,  Alejandra 

Frugalidad,  Martina 

Frugalidad,  Oliva 

Frugalidad,  Victor 

Ganibe,  Gliceria 

Garcia,  Juan 

Garcia,  Miguel 

Garcia,  Ursula 

Gatdula,  Felipe 

Ger(5n,  Placida 

Gimay  A,  Cayetano 

Girdn,  Florencio 

Gir6n,  Froilan 

Gir<5u,  Ines 

Gituan,  Bibiana 

Gltuan,  Cayetana 

Gituan,  Florentina 

Gituan,  Maria 

Gituan,  Susana 

Gonzaga,  Dionisia 

Gonzales,  Albina 

Gonzales,  Andres 

Gonzales,  Josefa 

Gonzales,  Juana 

Gonzales,  Simeon 

Gordovin,  Benito 

Gordovin,  Telesforo  .J, 

Guevarra,  Andres 

Guinto,  Claudia 

Gumagis,  EscolAstica 

Gumapas,  Angel 

Gumapas,  Daniel — 

Gumapas,  Ignacio 

Gumapas,  Maria , 

Gumapas,  Petronila 

Gumapi,  Felipe 

Gumlay,  Bonifacio 

Gumlay,  Jorge 

Gutierrez,  Cornelia 

Gutierrez,  Valeriano 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 2385 
.  0012 
.0510 
.  0753 
.3077 
21. 1425 

7. 5505 

1. 5303 
12. 1270 

7. 1072 


1 

4. 7705 

1 

7. 1583 

6 

17. 7347 

8 

4. 8325 

2 

5.3715 

1 

4.  6948 

1 

.0387 

2 

4.  2925 

1 

.2323 

1 

.1435 

1 

.1367 

5 

77.  5460 

I 

8.  2618 

1 

.0830 

1 

1. 1860 

1 

.0582 

3 

15. 8733 

1 

.6597 

3 

11.2110 

1 

.1510 

1 

.1160 

1 

.0128 

1 

.9572 

1 

1.5143 

1 

.2280 

1 

2.4002 

(> 

25.6568 

1 

.9790 

1 

.0687 

1 

.0923 

1 

.1570 

1 

.1095 

2 

6.4732 

3 

82.9795 

1 

.3260 

2 

16. 0883 

1 

.7390 

1 

.2077 

1 

.0910 

1 

1.3535 

1 

.5720 

3 

23. 7723 

1 

8. 4990 

2 

18.8657 

4 

31.7425 

2 

5.4735 

1 

.0913 

1 

12.9780 

3 

9. 1182 

1 

6.2060 

1 

3.2870 

1 

.2713 

1 

.4020 

1 

.3180 

1 

13.4590 

1 

.0895 

1 

13.4172 

3 

5.3388 

.1440 

1 

.0547 

2 

7.7300 

1 

.0303 

2 

.4092 

1 

.0713 

I 

.1162 

1 

.0625 

1  i 

.1475 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  Mtofg— Continued. 

Guzm&n,  Benedicta 

Guzman,  Sabas  de 

Halile,  Anastasio 

Hepas,  Nicolasa 

Hernandez,  Bonifacio 

Hernandez,  Faustino 

Hernandez,  Isidor 

Hernandez,  Jose 

Hernandez,  Pedro 

Herrera,  Lope 

Herrera,  Maria 

Hicaro,  Narciso 

Himaya,  Cristobal 

Himpil,  Maria 

Hinanon,  Ana 

Hinahon,  Andrea 

Hinahon,  Anton  la 

Hinahon,  Brlgida 

Hinahon,  Florencia 

Hinahon,  Honoria 

Hinahon,  Maxima. ... 

Hinahon,  Reducindo . 

Hinahon,  Zoilo 

Hinalog,  Donato 

Hinalog,  Francisco 

Hinalog,  L&zaro 

Hinay,  Bonifacio 

Hintay,  Tom4s 

Ibaflez,  Cristina 

Ibafiez,  Lucio 

Ibas,  Pedro 

Icasiano,  Manuela 

Hog,  Caridad 

Hog,  Hilario . , 

Hog,  Juan 

Hog,  Lorenzo 

Hog,  Melenciana 

Hog,  Pascual 

Hog,  Rita 

Hog,  In6s 

Imbis,  Ignacio 

Imperial,  Anastasia 

Incoy,  Vicente 

Joco,  Alejandra 

Joco,  Basilio 

Joco,  Cannon 

Joco,  Vicente 

Jocson,  Anaeleta 

Jocson,  Ponigunda 

Jocson,  Doroteo 

Jocson,  Genoveva 

Jocson,  Inocencio 

Jocson,  Marta 

Jocson,  Ruperto 

Javier,  Angela 

Javier,  Eugenia 

Javier,  Felicano 

Javier,  Juana 

Javier,  Julian 

Javier,  Laureana 

Jos4,  Dionisio  San 

Joloya,  Domingo 

Joloya,  Emilia 

Joloya,  Hermenegilda 

Joloya,  Pedro 

Judal,  Felipe 

Juan,  Macario  San 

Juan,  Maria  San 

Juan,  Tomds  San 

Jimenez,  Leoncio 

Lamio,  Raymnndo 

Lanco,  Ong 

Lao,  Yap 

Ledesma,  Agatona 

Ledesma,  Francisco.. 

Ledesma,  Ignacio. 

Ledesma,  Severina 

Legaspl,  Eugenia 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.0708 

10.5236 

.0650 

.0330 

9. 0385 

.0700 

.1827 

.1485 

.4675 

.2183 

.1412 

.0913 

1. 0440 

6.8810 

3. 8405 

3. 6865 

10. 8482 

.1748 

.0102 

72.  4225 

.4430 

13.9583 

2. 1567 

.1273 

3. 7647 

3. 1178 

.1020 

.  0567 

12. 7743 

.  0360 

.2430 

8. 6172 

19. 3668 

.0865 

9. 7467 

15. 6590 

.2398 

8. 9297 

.0455 

.0355 

.8163 

.0600 

29. 7412 

14. 1353 

2. 3042 

.0355 

65.  4980 

.0868 

.0777 

12. 1625 

19. 3605 

24. 9773 

14. 9292 

35. 3273 

.5745 

.0605 

.0687 

17. 1525 

.1633 

3. 1375 

.1585 

.6130 

.2045 

.2215 

.1140 

.2125 

.0510 

.4870 

6.8990 

.4940 

.1370 

.0632 

.0505 

.8685 

4.7803 

.0527 

9.4358 

L8968 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


107 


Complete  list  o^  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  estate— Continued 

Legaspi,  Leoncia 

Leola,  Bruno 

Leon,  Faustino  de 

Ledn,  Simeona  de 

Leuterio,  Filomena 

Lingato,  Maria 

Ligaya,  Isidro 

Lincod,  Julia 

Lirio,  Arcadia 

Loba,  Just  ina 

Loba,  Maria 

Loba,  Pablo 

Lobag,  Basilisa 

Lobag,  Doininga 

Lobag,  Juliana 

Lobag,  Le(3n 

Lobag,  Marta 

Lobag,  Modesta 

Lobag,  Vicente 

Locton,  Bernabela 

Lomat,  Maria 

Lomat,  Patricia 

Lomat,  Regina 

L6pez,  Alfonso 

L6pez,  Ignacia 

Lorenzo  Gochoco,  Jos6 

Loyola,  Maria 

Loyola,  Saturnino 

Loyola,  Santiago  de 

Lubag,  A  lejo 

Lubag,  Catalina 

Lubag,  Crispulo 

Lubag,  Severino 

Lucban,  Tom^s 

Lucban.  Victoria 

Lucirit,  Luisa 

Lugami,  Delfina 

Lupa,  Tomasa 

Luz,  Rufina 

Llanosa,  Jacinta 

Macalindong,  Crispina 

Macatafigay,  Pedro 

Madlangbayan,  Bernabe.. 

Madrlaga,  Apolonio 

Madriaga,  Segundo 

Madriaga,  Valentina 

Magbago,  Josefa 

Malimbang,  Gertrudes 

Malimbang,  Leocadia 

Malinao,  Fortunata 

Malinao,  Juan 

Maluto,  Jacinto 

Manalaysay,  Feliciano 

Manalo,  Alejandra 

Manalo,  Antero 

Manalo,  Antonio 

Manalo,  Benigno 

Manalo,  Catalina 

Manalo,  Celedonia 

Manalo,  Epifania 

Manalo,  Gregorio 

Manalo,  Lucena 

Manalo,  Marcela 

Manalo,  Martin 

Manalo,  Matea 

Manalo,  Maxima 

Manalo,  Pedro 

Manalo,  Prisca 

Manalo,  Ramon 

Manalo,  RulSno 

Manalo,  Isidore 

Manibunas,  Jos^, 

Mariano,  Romfi,n 

Marq uez,  Jorge 

Martinez,  Apolinaria 

Martinez,  Filomona 

Martinez,  Genove va 

Martinez,  Gregorio : . 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 3018 
.5577 
.1083 
.0220 
.1022 
.0543 
.5140 
6. 8097 
1.2650 
.1313 
.0445 
.5870 
.1610 
.2645 
1.  6395 
.1365 
.0835 
.0422 
.0960 
2. 8023 
.2290 
.1540 
.7570 
.0347 

19. 3750 
.  0260 
.3180 

10. 2592 
.1945 
.1930 
.0665 

'  . 0740 
.2875 
.9880 
.0530 
.1412 
.5030 
.9308 
.0147 
.0610 
.0838 
.1230 

10. 0782 
.1495 
.1613 
.1137 

11. 7455 
.1100 
.0913 
.1630 
.2520 
.1240 

12. 9190 
.1220 
.  1687 

20. 1485 
.0680 
.2840 

21. 3573 

.1595 

5.8532 

7. 6135 

.0713 

.4205 

.1432 

1. 4303 

.0637 

.3595 

7.2415 

1.0315 

6.  7350 

.3108 

.3845 

.1552 

.0395 

10. 8488 

3.  4620 

.0477 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  esiafg— Continued 

Martinez,  Lorenzo 

Martinez,  Margarita 

Masambaal,  Felipe 

Matro,  Natalio. 

Medina,  Agueda 

Medina,  Macario 

Medina,  Pelagia 

Medina,  Pelagia 

Mendoza,  Francisco 

Mendoza,  Juana 

Mendoza,  Paula 

Mendoza,  Sancha 

Mercado,  Isaac 

Merlan,  Alejandra 

Merlan,  Benito i . . 

Merlan,  B14s 

Merlan,  Cirilo 

Merlan,  Enrique 

Merlan,  Eusebio 

Merlan,  Felipe 

Merlan,  Francisca 

Merlan,  Juan 

Merlan,  Justo 

Merlan,  Maria 

Merlan,  Matilde 

Merlan,  Pablo 

Merlan,  Quintln 

Merlan,  Tomasa 

Mesa,  Elena 

Mesa,  Marcela 

Mesa,  Rafael 

Miguelino,  Felix 

Milano,  Carmen 

Milay,  Matias 

Milay,  Nicol4s 

Milla,  Cleope 

Milla,  Dolores 

Milla,  Isabel 

Molina,  Elena 

Molina,  Crisela 

Molina,  Rosa 

Molina,  Simeon 

Mollejon,  Gregorio 

Morabe,  Potericiana 

Moxica,  Ciriaco 

Moxica,  Florencio 

Moxica,  Julian 

Moxica,  Zoilo 

Muyot,  Anastasia 

Naic,  municipality  of 

Narvaes,  Juan 

Nazareno,  Alfonsa 

Nazareno,  Ana 

Nazareno,  Anasf  asia 

Nazareno,  Anton  ina 

Nazareno,  Blasa 

Nazareno,  Cayo 

Nazareno,  Cosmo 

Nazareno,  Dam i An 

Nazareno,  Daniel 

Nazareno,  Elias 

Nazareno,  Epifania 

Nazareno,  Faustino 

Nazareno,  Feliciana 

Nazareno,  Felipe 

Nazareno,  Francisco 

Nazareno,  Gabriel 

Nazareno,  Hilari<')n 

Nazareno,  Isabel 

Nazareno,  Isidora 

Nazareno,  Joaqufn 

Nazareno,  Jose 

Nazareno,  Josofa 

Nazareno,  Juana 

Nazareno,  Justa 

Nazareno,  Ledn 

Nazareno,  Lorenzo 

Nazareno,  Lucas 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


108 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Com,plete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  c5^a^<?~Continued. 

Nazareno,  Lucia 

Nazareno,  Lulsa 

Nazareno,  Margarita 

Nazareno,  Martin 

Nazareno,  Pablo 

Nazareno,  Paula 

Nazareno,  Prudencio 

Nazareno,  Romualdo 

Nazareno,  Rosendo 

Nazareno,  Rufina 

Nazareno,  Saturnina 

Nazareno,  Silvestre 

Nazareno,  Simeon , 

Nazareno,  Susana 

Nazareno,  Vicenta 

Nazareno,  Vicente 

Nazareno,  Victoria 

Nioco,  Anselma 

Nones,  Apolonio 

Nones,  Esteban 

Nones,  Ledn 

Nones,  Mateo 

Novelo,  Maria 

Nuestro,  Marcelo 

Nuestro,  Maria , 

Ocampo,  Regina  de , 

Ocampo,  Teodora  de 

Odvina,  Filomena 

Odvina,  Sixto , 

Olayan,  Gervasio , 

Olayan,  Pedro 

Dies,  Cirlaco 

Dies,  Paulina 

Oles,  Telesforo , 

Oleson  and  Williamson. . . . 

Oliver,  Leoncio , 

Oliver,  Segundo , 

Paelma,  Bartolomea , 

Pagtaehan,  Basilia 

Pagtachan,  Pia 

Pagtaehan,  Severino 

Panerio.  Albino 

Pafiganiban,  Modesta 

Paftganiban,  Patricio , 

Pafigilinan,  Froilan 

Papa,  Antero 

Papa,  Catalina 

Papa,  Domingo 

Papa,  Felix 

Papa,  Florencia 

Papa,  Grariano 

Papa,  Tnocencio 

Papa,  Josefa 

Papa,  Juan 

Papa,  Maria 

Papa,  Pablo 

Papa,  Pedro 

Pareja,  Justina 

Pastoral,  Juana 

Pelea,  Marcelina 

Pelea,  Melenciana 

Penis,  Felipe 

Penis.  Felipe 

Penis,  Francisco 

Penis,  Pedro 

Perea,  Balasia 

Perea,  Juan 

Perea,  Leoncia 

Perea,  Maria 

Perea,  Pelagio 

Perea,  Rufina 

Perea,  Sixta 

Perea,  Tom^s 

Perrido.  Aquilina , 

Perlas,  Silvestre 

Pila,  Antonia 

Pila,  Maria 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0.0445 
.  0,520 
.  0(193 

11. 8287 

.  0003 

5. 8088 

2. 3012 

4.9130 

.  4055 

.  0313 

17. 4195 
.1927 

77. 0355 
.0270 
.1028 

10.8337 

12. 1778 
.  0435 
.  1075 
.2090 
.1770 

13. 1945 
1.8512 
.2033 
.0300 
.1120 
.8335 
.0575 
.0550 

18. 5395 

6. 9585 

.  0425 

7.5437 

10. 4355 
565. 2943 
.4065 
.2215 
.3085 
4. 5377 
.2115 
.1250 
.0890 
.7778 
.2985 
.4887 

23. 7045 
158. 2483 
.  4645 
.4942 
.0550 
.2790 

26. 0478 

34. 1955 

24. 5847 

44.2118 
.  2660 

23. 2077 

11.8055 
.2415 
.  3390 
.1003 
.3322 
.1540  i 
.1205  1 
.2455  I 
.3170  ! 
.9338  ! 
3.6410  I 
.0922  ! 

17. 9858 
.  7650 
.2387 
.8570 
.0813 
.0860 
3. 3557 
9.3085 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  estate— Continued. 

Pilao,  Antonia 

Pilia,  BiAs 

Pilia,  Flavian© 

Pilia,  Gil 

Pilia,  Isidoro 

Pilia,  Tomasa 

Pilinia,  Agripina 

Pilinia,  Margarita 

Pilinia,  Maria 

Pilinia,  Marta 

Pilinia,  Nicolas 

Pilinia,  Paula 

Pilinia,  Rita 

Pilinia,  Sixta 

Pilinia,  Sotero 

Pilpil,  Alejandro 

Pilpil,  Antonia 

Pilpil,  Emiliana 

Pilpil,  Hilario 

Pilpil,  Norberta 

Pilpil,  Rafael 

Pinpin,  Alejo 

Pinpin,  Andres 

Pinpin,  Clemencia 

Pinpin,  Eduardo 

Pinpin,  Nicolas 

Pinpin,  Pablo 

Pinpin,  Rafael 

Pinco,  Antero 

Pinco,  Cecilia 

Pinco,  Ignacio 

Pinco,  ^onciano 

Pinili,  Felipe 

Pinili,  MigMsla 

Pino,  C&talina 

Pino,  Irene 

Pintal,  Ana 

Pintol,  Antonia 

Pina,  Dionisio 

Piiia,  Donato 

Pina,  Juan 

Pifla,  Pedro 

Pina,  Tomds 

Piol,  Digna 

Piol,  Gaudencio 

Piol,  Maria 

Piol,  Vicente 

Pipit,  Andres 

Pisan,  Marcela 

Piscar,  Buenaventura .... 

Pisig,  Dionisia 

Pisig,  Dominga 

Pisig,  Filomena 

Pisig,  PetronOa 

Pispis,  Ana 

Pispis,  Anacleto 

Pispis,  Alejandra 

Pispis,  Felipe 

Pispis,  Maxima 

Poblete,  Alejandra 

Poblete,  Alfonso 

Poblete,  Andres 

Poblete,  Antonina 

Poblete,  Antonio 

Poblete,  Apolonia 

Poblete,  Bartolome 

Poblete,  Bemarda 

Poblete,  Blasa 

Poblete,  Callxta 

Poblete,  Camila 

Poblete,  Consolaci<5n 

Poblete,  Daminn 

Poblete,  Dionisio 

Poblete,  Dominga 

Poblete,  Doroteo 

Poblete,  Elias 

Poblete,  Emiliana 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


0.2350 
.0833 

3. 1317 
.0960 
.7790 
.8395 

8. 3713 

3.  8747 
.0973 
.0575 

4.  6015 
8. 9977 

.0865 

.1650 

.  0553 

3. 1642 

5.6023 

9. 1330 

18.  9850 

120. 0325 

.0175 

3. 9305 

.0997 

3.2123 

3. 8722 

.0703 

.0215 

4. 7230 

.395(5 

.6677 


.0465 

.0557 

1.4835 

.1695 

.0650 

.1700 

9. 9008 

15. 4740 

17. 4872 

6.3525 

.1420 

2.  7940 

.0905 

.4593 

2. 9827 

6.8878 

2. 7465 

7.1237 

2. 5513 

.1540 

.  1025 

11.4915 

.0382 

.  1347 

.0745 

.0498 

.0880 

14.  4625 

.0232 

5. 1475 

44. 1333 

6. 4478 

5.0805 

10.3840 

2.3035 

.2626 

29.0502 

.0543 

362. 3835 

.1530 

.3905 

.0290 

30. 7487 

11. 8298 

.1067 


ADMINISTRATION    Of  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


109 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910 ,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc, — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


Nate  cstofe—Continued. 


Poblete,  Espiridion 

Poblete,  Eufrosiua 

Poblete,  Eulogio 

Poblete,  Euproslna 

Poblete,  Eusebio 

Poblete,  Faustino 

Poblete,  Fecatolica 

Poblete,  Felipe 

Poblete,  Filomeno 

Poblete,  Florencio 

Poblete,  Florentina 

Poblete,  Guillermo 

Poblete,  In^z 

Poblete,  Inocencio 

Poblete,  Jacoba 

Poblete,  Julia 

Poblete,  Juliana 

Poblete,  Macaria 

Poblete,  Macario 

Poblete,  Marcel i  no 

Poblete,  Marcelo 

Poblete,  Maria 

Poblete,  Maria 

Poblete,  Mateo 

Poblete,  Matias 

Poblete,  Nicolasa 

Poblete,  Pedro 

Poblete,  Pio 

Poblete,  Prudeiieia 

Poblete,  Ramon 

Poblete,  Rita 

Poblete,  Rufino 

Poblete,  Romana 

Poblete,  Rosa 

Poblete,  Rosa 

Poblete,  Rosendo 

Poblete,  Sabas 

Poblete,  Serapio 

Poblete,  Tiburcio 

Poblete,  Urbano 

Poblete,  Vicenta 

Poblete,  Vicente 

Poblete,  Vidal 

Policar,  Valentin 

Presente.  Pedro 

Prodigalidad,  Petronila . 

Pugay,  Espiridi6n 

Pugeia,  Catalino 

Pulido,  Nicolasa 

Pulido,  Tom4s 

Punsalan,  Cirilo 

Punsalan,  Francisco. 

Pufio,  Pablo 

Quinto,  Mateo 

Ramirez,  Catalina 

Ramirez,  L4zaro 

Ramos,  Isidora 

Ramirez,  Nicolasa  

Ramirez,  Teodora 

Rebollo,  Alejandra 

Rebollo,  Lucas 

Rebollo,  Pelas;ia 

Resos,  Melquiades 

Resos,  Victoria 

Reyduca.  Josefa 

Reyes,  Antonia 

Reyes,  Francisco 

Reyes,  Juliana  de  lo3 

Reyes,  M4xima 

Reyes,  Melecio 

Reyes,  Quintin 

Reyes,  Teresa 

RIcafrente,  Anacl^to 

RIcafrente,  Juan 

Ricasa,  Melecio 

Rleta,  Benito 

Rillo,  Domingo 


Naic  estate— Continued. 


9.9888 

3. 2645 

.0335 

.3205 

.9010 

5. 3888 

4. 9967 

.1758 

17. 2260 

2. 4875 

.  1892 

1. 6458 

31. 9500 

19. 4150 

19. 1077 

18. 8135 

7. 8385 

3.  4530 

24.  7045 

.0890 

3. 5473 

12. 8182 

1. 3588 

.0472 

42. 6288 

3. 7085 

7.8120 

155. 8092 

5.3773 

64. 0585 

6.0042 

6. 0360 

79. 4408 

8. 3847 

14. 9573 

1.5250 

11.2180 

3. 0520 

4. 7725 

10. 8702 

8.7810 

.0830 

6. 0000 

14. 7938 

.  1982 

.0805 

.0295 

.0475 

1.2153 

3. 7080 

.0570 

8. 7035 

7. 8447 

.1185 

13. 7265 

27.  9287 

.1473 

35.  9530 

36.  2105 
7.  0145 
7.  7233 

136.  7147 
.1385 
.1583 
.2797 
.0523 

5. 1955 
.3035 
.9577 
.7198 
.1220 
.0892 

4.8908 
.1570 
.1840 
.  0420 
.1315 


milo,  Eulalia 

Rillo,  Honorata 

Rillo,  Juana 

Riman,  Apolonia 

Rodriguez,  Anastacia 

Rodriguez,  Aniceto 

Rodriguez,  Domingo 

Rodriguez,  Enrique 

Rodriguez,  Eugeniano 

Rodriguez,  Inocencio 

Rodriguez,  Martin 

Rodriguez,  Maximino 

Roxas,  Modesto 

Romano,  Canuto 

Romano,  Dominga 

Ronquillo,  Carmen 

Ronquillo,  Emerenciana.. 

Ronquillo,  Gertrudes 

Ronquillo,  Marta 

Rosario,  Anselmo  del 

Rosario,  Cosme  del 

Rosario,  Daniel  del , 

Rosario,  Estanislao  del. . . 

Rosario,  Genoveva  del 

Rosario,  Jacobita  del 

Rupido,  Hllarion 

Sfibado,  Francisca 

Sagpao,  Ambrosia 

Salcedo,  Tomasa 

Salvador,  Melecia 

Samot,  Marciano 

Sanchez,  Eulalio 

Sanchez,  Gil 

Sanchez,  Jacinto 

Sanchez,  Juana , 

Sanchez,  Tito 

Sapanta,  Simeona , 

Sapopo,  Epifania 

Sapopo,  Leoncia 

Sapopo,  Maria 

Sarmiento,  Paulina 

Sarmiento,  Felipe 

Sevillano,  Eugenio 

Signo,  Eulalia 

Sismait,  Maximo 

Sisraait,  Prudencia 

Solis,  Anselmo 

Soils,  Serapio.  .• 

Stuart,  Filomena 

Sulit,  Alejandro 

Susana,  Roberto 

Susara,  Froilan 

Talim,  Romana 

Tana  wan ,  Felipe 

Talimhoc,  Antonia 

Talob,  Francisco 

Talob ,  Pablo 

Talob,  Rufmo 

Taloban,  C^ndido 

Taloban,  Vicenta 

Talonay ,  Apolonio 

Talonay ,  Santiago 

Tamoc,  Gil 

Tampis,  Eulalio 

Tampoc,  Cornelio 

Tampoc,  Dionisio 

Tampoc,  Faustina 

Tampoc,  Maria 

Tampoc,  Tomasa 

Tampol ,  Antonina 

Tampol,  Pablo 

Tanega,  Antero 

Tanega,  Antonia 

Tanega,  Domingo 

Tanaga,  Fidelina 

Tanega,  Francisco 

Tanega,  Honorata 


no 


ADMIl^ISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  UANI>S. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  «5iatg— Continued. 


Tanega,  Isabel 

Tanega,  Lucio 

Tanega,  Pedro 

Tanoco,  Ursula 

Tibayan,  Alejo 

Tibayan,  Joaqulna 

Tibayan,  Romdn 

Tlgcal ,  Dominga 

Tigcal,  Benito 

Tigcal,  Justa 

Tlgcal,  Lucas 

Tloseng,  Tin 

Tipon,  Agiistin 

Titulo,  Lucia 

Tolentino,  Dimas 

Tolentino,  Fausto. 

Tolen tino,  Jos6 

Tolentino,  Macaria 

Tolen  tino,  Matilde 

Torres,  Epifania 

Toribio,  Jos6 

TJntaldn,  Maria 

Usou,  M&xima. ... 

Uson,  Toribia 

Valenzuela,  Andres 

Valenzuela,  Guillermo. 

Valenzuela,  Juan 

Valcazuela,  Luisa 

Valenzuela,  Lucia 

Valenzuela,  Maria 

Valenzuela,  Micaela 

Valenzuela,  Pedro 

Valenzuela,  Sotero 

Valenzuela,  Tom&s 

Vasquez,  Agueda 

Vasquez,  Alejandro 

Vusquez,  Anastasia 

Vasquez,  Blasica 

Vasquez,  Bonlfacia 

Vasquez,  Dominga 

Vasquez,  Francisco 

Vasquez,  In6s 

Vasquez,  Jos4 

Vasquez,  Louis 

Vasquez,  Maria 

Vasquez,  Marcial 

Vasquez,  Melecio 

Vasquez,  Pablo 

Vasquez,  Simplicio 

Vergado,  Marcelino 

Velasco,  Silverio 

Velasco,  Sixto 

Velasco,  Tomasa 

Viejon,  Rafael 

Villa,  Simdn 

Villa,  Isidoro 

Villaflor,  Jos4 

Villafranca,  Policarpo., 

Villaluz,  Agustina 

Villaluz,  Claudio 

Villaluz,  Eustaquio 

Villaluz,  Florentina. . . 

Villaluz,  Juliana 

Villaluz,  Rom4n 

Villanueva,  Domingo. . 
Villanueva,  Gregoric. . , 

Villanueva,  Jos^ 

Villanueva,  Marcelino. 

Villar,  Atanasio 

Vinosa,  Ana 

Vinosa,  Elena 

Vifias,  Juliana 

Viray,  Gavlna 

Viray,  Petrona 

Yapquinco,  Dorotea. . . 
Yapquinco,  Marciana. . 
YuDiengco,  Dominga. . 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


2 

7. 7345 

4 

11.  7100 

5 

18. 5278 

2 

5. 8137 

3 

1. 7718 

1 

.2205 

4 

26. 4852 

1 

.0650 

1 

.0998 

1 

.0890 

1 

.0662 

1 

.1493 

1 

.5915 

1 

.0660 

1 

.2610 

2 

7. 2655 

2 

5.8982 

4 

12. 1253 

1 

6. 6205 

1 

.  0645 

1 

.5555 

1 

.3585 

1 

.1320 

2 

3.5502 

2 

6.6303 

2 

37.7812 

1 

.1430 

2 

5.2713 

1 

.0555 

1 

.2512 

2 

3.8155 

1 

8. 2635 

4 

13. 6430 

1 

6.2165 

3 

6. 9995 

1 

.  0303 

1 

8.5800 

2 

4.5657 

2 

6. 8783 

2 

2. 7570 

1 

9.8985 

1 

3.7135 

3 

9.5722 

2 

.0885 

4 

13. 7830 

1 

64. 9283 

1 

9. 8037 

1 

.0305 

3 

19. 1750 

3 

59.7590 

1 

.1268 

5 

217. 1505 

2 

3.1765 

1 

.0052 

2 

12.8900 

1 

.1135 

3 

.6283 

1 

342. 0162 

1 

.0903 

1 

1. 1935 

1 

.4477 

1 

.0355 

1 

.1088 

1 

.0012 

1 

4. 0518 

1 

.0372 

1 

4.8033 

1 

.4712 

1 

.0783 

2 

.0890 

2 

4.6705 

1 

.1520 

I 

.6315 

1 

.0362 

1 

16.5113 

2 

4.2875 

2 

12.0915 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  estate — Continued 

Yubiengco,  Eugenia 

Yubiengco,  Guillermo 

Yubiengco,  Manuela 

Ysay,  Eulalia 

Zapanta,  Emiliano 

Zapanta,  Hipdlito 

Zapanta,  Narciso 

1,007    purchasers;     1 
sales;  8,335.7696  acres. 

OrtTW)  estate. 

Agustin,  Camilo 

Alarcon,  Leon 

Alarcbn,  Luisa 

Alarcon,  Maria  Merced. . . 

Almansan,  Felisa 

Almasan,  Tom  as 

Alraasan,  Valeriano 

Andres,  Eustaquio 

Angeles,  Agustin 

Angeles,  Alberto 

Angeles,  Anastasio 

Angeles,  Ansebna  V 

Angeles,  Faustino 

Angeles,  Joaquin 

Angeles,  Jos6 

Angeles,  Lucio 

Angeles,  Mariano  G 

Angeles,  Moists 

Angeles,  Regina  G 

Antonio,  Andrea 

Antonio,  Francisco 

Antonio  Marcelo 

Atienza,  Maria 

Aquino,  Tomds 

Arellano,  Cayetano 

Asis,  Hilario  de 

Bagtas,  Cipriano 

Bagtas,  Doroteo 

Bagtas,  Lazaro 

Bagtas,  Modesto 

Bagtas,  Rosenda 

Bagtas,  Simeon 

Bagtas,  Vicente 

Balmaceda,  Ariston 

Balmaceda,  Felipe 

Balmaceda,  Jos4 

Balmaceda,  Natalio 

Baltazar,  Primitive 

Baltazar,  Victor 

BaliTyot,  Casimiro 

Baluyot,  Isabel 

Baluyot,  Lorenzo 

Baluyot,  Matea 

Baluyot,  Maximo 

Baluyot,  Santiago 

Baluyot,  Teodoro 

Baluyot,  Wenceslao 

Bantog,  Luis 

Barcarce,  Florencio 

Bautista,  Antonia 

Bautista,  Basilic 

Bautista,  Juan 

Bautista,  Simeon 

Bautista,  Vicente 

Bautista,  Victoria 

Benjamin,  PoHcarpio 

Bruno,  Moists 

Buenseda,  Bonifacio 

Bustamante,  Antonio. . ., 

Bustamante,  Vicente 

Callmbas,  Francisco  M . . . 

Calimbas,  Donato  E 

Callmbas,  Eugenia 

Calimbas,  Francisco 

Calimbas,  Ignasia 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (In 
acres). 


13. 2235 
72. 4212 
.1055 
.1723 
.2202 
.8623 
.2572 


.0460 

.3762 

14. 8835 

.02&3 

2.0295 
.0245 
.1320 
.0240 
.0415 
.1452 
.2103 
.2682 
.2840 
.1913 
.5817 

1.3818 
.0170 

8.2770 

6.1185 
89. 4190 

4. 3330 

12.2050 

.3015 

5.9032 
.2423 

1.1712 
.0535 
.0735 
.0635 

6.3737 

.0435 

.0493 

.0160 

13. 3(J55 

.0567 

.0515 

22.0295 

79. 6103 

11. 6265 

.3535 

.3605 

6.7585 

3.6097 
12. 4665 

8. 8228 

16. 4870 

.0840 

7. 9242 

1.0363 
.1765 

6.8870 

20. 4422 

.1343 

.1072 

5.0868 
.1682 
.0193 

5. 5312 

.1615 

12. 1093 

.2372 

.0720 

7.6500 
.0553 


ADMINISTEATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Ill 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued . 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Orino  estate— Continued. 


Calimbas,  Lorenzo 

Calimbas,  Pedro 

Calimbas  .Sabino 

Canaria,  Esteban 

Canaria,  Felix 

Candido,  Francisco 

Carreon,  Maria 

Carreon,  Teodoro 

Castillo,  Basilio 

Concepcion,  Damaso 

Comelio,  Agapito 

Comelio,  Juan 

Comelio,  Juliana 

Crisostomo,  Bonifacia 

Crisostomo,  Maria 

Crisostomo,  Valentin 

Cruz,  Agripino  de  la 

Cruz,  Arcadio  de  la 

Cruz,  Bartolome  de  la 

Cruz,  Federico  de  la 

Cruz,  Felix  de  la 

Cruz,  Francisco 

Cruz,  Francisca  de  la 

Cruz,  Gabino  de  la 

Cruz,  Isabel  de  la 

Cruz,  Jose  de  la 

Cruz,  Justo  dela 

Cruz,  Lueiana  de  la 

Cruz,  Maria  de  la 

Cruz,  Maria  C 

Cruz,  Segunda  de  la 

Cruz,  Balmaceda,  Simeon. 

Custodio,  Eriberto 

Custodio,  Jos6 

Dalisay ,  Valentin 

Dayong,  Florencio 

Depano,  Petra 

Dequiros,  Regino 

Dison,  Dionicio 

Dizon,  Mariano 

Domingo,  Cayetano  Santo. 
Domingo,  Tomas  Santo. . . 

Enriquez,  Josefa 

Enrizuez,  Nicolasa 

Enriquez,  Policarpio 

Feliciano,  Joaqulna 

Feliciano,  Maria 

Feliciano,  Marciso 

Feliciano,  Pedro 

Fernandez,  Hermogenes... 

Fernandez,  Joaquin 

Fernandez,  Maria 

Fernandez,  Miguel 

Fernandez,  Victdriana 

Flores,  Eulogia 

Flores,  Jos6 

Gabriel,  Alejo 

Garcia,  Juan 

Garica,  Pablo 

Geronimo,  Jiusebio 

Gomez,  Ciriaco 

Gomez,  Domingo 

Gomez,  Juan 

Gofio,  Francisca 

Guzman,  Andres  de 

Guzman,  Demetrio  de 

Guzman,  Esteban  de 

Guzman,  Eusebio  de 

Guzman,  Fabian  de 

Guzman,  Francisco  G 

Guzman,  Pedro  de 

Guzman,  Simeon  de 

Guzman,  Victor  de 

Hipolito,  AdolfoR 

Hlpolito,  Pedro  R 

Ignacio,  Maxima 

Isidro,  Dominga 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1 

0. 0382 

9, 

2. 941 3 

3 

4. 7577 

1 

.0870 

1 

.0685 

9 

4. 5515 

1 

13.  2858 

?, 

0.  2385 

1 

.0647 

1 

.0580 

1 

.0263 

1 

.0667 

8 

9.2895 

8 

10.  3648 

1 

.0182 

1 

.1125 

1 

.0215 

1 

.0458 

1 

.0477 

3 

6. 0118 

1 

.0527 

1 

.0515 

1 

.0526 

1 

.0623 

1 

.0340 

?. 

12. 4327 

1 

7. 1660 

9 

.3878 

?. 

.1567 

1 

.0468 

1 

.1775 

1 

.0437 

?. 

.1330 

4 

3.  5985 

1 

.0333 

1 

.0765 

1 

.0212 

1 

.0280 

1 

.0253 

1 

.0277 

2 

.1615 

5 

7.8386 

3 

6.  2658 

1 

4. 6375 

1 

.0970 

1 

.0855 

1 

4. 1655 

1 

.06.^8 

2 

.2060 

1 

.1887 

1 

7.9235 

1 

.0442 

1 

.1718 

2 

4.0102 

1 

.1395 

1 

2. 8350 

1 

.1973 

1 

.1162 

1 

.0480 

1 

.0905 

5 

11.0113 

1 

2.6516 

2 

27. 2930 

1 

.0967 

1 

.0450 

1 

.0343 

1 

.0345 

1 

.0990 

1 

.5306 

1 

.4647 

3 

.2475 

1 

.0623 

2 

6. 3075 

1 

.0995 

2 

5. 3453 

1 

.0517 

4 

16. 9430 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Orino  €«tat«~Continued 

Isidro,  Filomena 

Isidro,  Francisco 

Isidro,  Leon 

Isidro,  Reymundo 

Isidro,  Vicente 

Ison,  Pedro 

Jesus,  Moises  de 

Jesus,  liOrenzo  de 

Jos6,  Gregorio  Sn.i 

Jos4,  Teodoro  San 

Julian,  Vicente. 

Labrador,  Ferinina 

Lacson,  Eduarda 

Lacson,  Pauliiio 

L4zardo,  Mariano 

Lazarte,  Victor 

Leon,  Francif'co  de 

Liamson,  G  a  vino 

Lim,  Mariano  R 

Lintag,  Anselma 

lyonzon,  Ciriaca 

I/onzon,  Joaquina 

Lonzon,  Quirina 

Lonzon,  Rosendo 

Lore  to,  Teodora 

Manalo,  Antonio 

Manalo,  Basilia 

Manalo,  Esteban 

Manansela,  Hugo 

Mangubat,  Paulino 

Mangubat,  Mariano 

Mariano,  Catalino 

Mariano,  Cecilia 

Mariano,  Teodorlco 

Mateo,  Gervasio 

Mateo,  Guillerrao 

Mateo,  Juan 

Mateo,  Regino 

Mateo,  Victor 

Mendoza,  AdriaiK) 

Mendoza,  Anacleto 

Mendoza,  Jos6 

Mendoza,  Mariano 

Mendoza,  Romana 

Mendoza,  Rufmo 

Mesa,  Bruno  de 

Miguel,  Balbina 

Miguel,  Cosme 

Monzon,  Esperanza 

Nava,  Feliciano 

Naval,  Cayetana 

Navarro,  Abdon , 

Navarre,  Antonio 

Navarro,  Buenaventura., 

Navarro,  Cornelio 

Navarro,  Esteban 

Oliveros,  Antonia 

Oliveros,  Santiago  M 

Paguio,  Isidore 

Paguio,  Marta 

Paguirigan,  Gregorio 

Pangilinan,  Aguedo 

Paftgilinan,  Antonino 

Pafigilinan,  Basiila 

Pafigilinan,  Benifacio 

Pafigilinan,  Mariano 

Pascual,  Enrique 

Pedro,  Paulino 

Pefia,  Luciano  de  la 

Pefia,  Segunda  de  la 

Pefia,  Sixto 

Pereyra,  Andrea 

Pereyra,  Benito 

Pereyra,  Cecilia 

Pereyra,  Estanislao 

Pereyra,  Ldzaro 

Perez,  Andres 

Perez,  Eusebio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.5370 

8.6380 
13. 3253 

9.2577 

4.2225 
.0793 
,0265 

8.7802 
.1388 
.1287 

9. 9536 
.0693 

4. 4330 

3.1900 

.0380 

10. 9900 

14.7285 

16.6117 

.0435 

.1625 

21. 1915 

120.7745 

7.1288 

3. 2915 
.0430 
.0862 

5.  5603 
.5440 
.0582 
.1225 

5.  4470 

30. 5448 

.1902 

1.3180 

6. 1325 
.1343 
.0975 

5. 2296 
.1090 
.0577 

2.0025 
.1823 
.2976 
.0300 
.1030 
.0360 
.0247 

4. 0428 

62.  0197 

.0265 

25. 9318 

.1020 

.2192 

.0180 

.0553 

.0706 

.1062 

26.7283 

19. 3960 

19. 2790 

.0320 

.1066 

.0927 

.0475 

.1780 

.0798 

.0622 

.0493 

17.  4306 

.0540 

.1635 

6.0335 

6. 5712 
12.6023 
.0297 
.0698 
.1492 
.1298 


112 


ABMINISTKATiON    OP  PHIUPPINE   LiVNDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Orino  estate— Continued 

Perona,  Andrea 

Perona,  Maximina 

Pizarro,  Andrea 

Quicho,  Andres 

Quicho,  Estefafia 

Quicho,  Fernanda 

Quicho,  Francisco 

Quicho,  Jacinto 

Quicho,  Jos6 

Quicho,  Juliana 

Quioho,  Laureano 

Quicho,  Marcelo 

Quicho,  Marcelo 

Quicho,  Miguela 

Quicho,  Pedro 

Quicho,  Telesfora 

Quizon,  Maximo 

Quizon,  Pedro 

Reyes,  D.  F 

Reyes,  Felipe  Versosa 

Reyes,  Juliana  de  los 

Reyes,  Pedro  de  los 

Rlbera,  Antonia 

Ribera,  Emlllana 

Rlbera,  Estanislao 

Rlbera,  Manuela 

Rlbera,  Porflrio 

Rodriguez,  Ambrocio 

Rodriguez,  Domingo  P  — 

Rodriguez,  Damian 

Rodriguez,  Florenclo 

Rodriguez,  Isabel 

Rodriguez,  Joaquina 

Rodriguez,  Maria 

Rodriguez,  Maria  C 

Rodriguez ,  Molses 

Rodriguez,  Petrona 

Rodriguez,  Silvlno 

Rodriguez,  Tomasa 

Rodriguez,  Vicente 

Rolas,  Bernabela 

Rojas,  Isldoro  de 

Romero,  Severlno 

Rosario,  Jacinta  del 

Rosario,  Victor  del 

Rubio,  Antonio 

Rublo,  Euseblo 

Sabino,  Leonardo 

Sablno,  Ramon 

Sabino,  Remlgia 

Sablno,  Santiago 

Salaverla,  Francisco 

Salaveria,  Pedro 

Salaverla,  Prudencio 

fialamon,  Paula 

Sanchez,  Antonio 

Sanchez,  Apolonio 

Sanchez,  Donata 

Sanchez,  Julia 

Sangalang,  Cirilo 

Santos,  Andres,  C 

Santos,  Buenaventura 

Santos,  Candelaria  de  los. . 

Santos,  Cirilo  de  los 

Santos,  Esteban 

Santos,  Felix 

Santos,  Ines  de  los 

Santos,  Jacinto 

Santos,  Leon  de  los 

Santos,  Macarlo 

Santos,  Maria  de  los 

Santos,  Telesforo 

Santos,  Tomas  de  los 

Senungco,  Maria 

Senungco,  Pascual 

Signio,  Justo 

Singian,  Gregorio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


2 

8.  7497 

1 

.  0588 

1 

.0170 

1 

.  14G7 

2 

.1010 

1 

.0570 

1 

.1760 

1 

.0200 

2 

.1728 

1 

.0395 

1 

.  2397 

2 

8. 8880 

2 

3. 7693 

6 

9. 5627 

1 

.  0368 

1 

.0375 

1 

.2850 

1 

.0235 

1 

8. 9515 

5 

6.0442 

1 

.3425 

1 

8.0760 

1 

3. 8008 

3 

39.0380 

2 

6.8695 

3 

20. 1665 

3 

19.8740 

1 

.0632 

1 

.0453 

2 

11.2740 

2 

4, 1422 

3 

21. 7755 

1 

.2883 

2 

4. 5565 

3 

31.6082 

5 

7. 8503 

2 

38.7415 

2 

.0695 

1 

2. 7842 

7 

101. 1813 

1 

.0617 

1 

.  1635 

1 

.  0038 

2 

2.7510 

2 

6. 5440 

1 

.  0922 

1 

.  1340 

4 

26. 8753 

1 

.0132 

1 

.1058 

1 

5. 6060 

3 

11. 4630 

5 

20.  5825 

1 

.  1725 

5 

44.  5667 

2 

2. 3410 

2 

4. 1548 

2 

2. 4105 

2 

2. 7852 

2 

3.  8920 

8 

54.  6393 

1 

1.  5622 

1 

.0170 

1 

2.3683 

2 

5.9115 

1 

.1410 

] 

2. 9390 

1 

.2005 

1 

6. 6()05 

9 

207. 8987 

3 

3. 5570 

5 

6.0293 

4 

3. 0370 

1 

.0{^ 

1 

.0532 

2 

.1973 

1 

21. 5745 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Orino  estate — Con tinu od . 

Sinson,  Federico 

Soleta,  Francisco 

Soriano,  Domingo 

Soriano,  Severino 

Soriano,  Silvestre 

Teodoro,  Maria 

Tiambeng,  Gaspar 

Tiambeng,  Gillermo 

Tiambeng,  ReymuiKi  * 

Tiambeng,  Vicente 

Trajano,  Agaton 

Trajano,  Antonio 

Trajano,  Daniel 

Trajano,  Elena 

Trajano,  Esberto 

Trajano,  Eugenio 

Trajano,  Marcelino 

Trajano,  Segundo 

Trajano,  Zacarias 

Tuason,  Antonio 

Tuason,  Emiliano 

Tuason,  Mariano 

Tuason,  Pedro 

Tumalat,  Luis 

Tumalat,  Mamerto 

Tumalat,  Miguel 

Urquiza,  Francisco 

Valentuz,  Ciriaco 

Vazques,  Cayetano 

Venegas,  Jos6 

Venegas,  Paulo 

Venegas,  Pedro 

Vermudo,  Apolonio 

Vermudo,  Bartolomd 

Vermudo,  Catalina 

Vermudo,  Manuel 

Villanueva,  Modesto 

Villanueva,  Pio 

Villegas,  Alberto 

Villegas,  Domingo 

Villegas,  Hilaria 

Villegas,  Juan 

Villegas,  Leopoldo 

Villegas,  Pedro 

Villegas,  Segundo 

Vitangcol,  Rufmo 

344  purchasers;  600  sales 
2,079.0730  acres. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 
estate. 

Aatangan,  Anastacio 

Aatangan,  Antonio 

Aatangan,  Ceferiuo 

Aatangan,  Juana 

Aatangan,  Manuela 

Aatangan,  Petrona 

Abad,  Juana 

Abad,  Mariano 

A  bad  ilia,  Esteban 

Abadilla,  Nicomedes 

Abarro,  Basilio 

Abarro,  Juan 

Abarro,  Pedro 

Abarro  y  Buenaflor,  Pedro. . 

Abarro,  Segundo 

Abarro,  Tonias 

Abarro,  Vicenta 

Abdon,  Siniplicia 

Abordo,  Oliva 

Abueg,  Adriano 

Abueg,  Baldomera 

Abueg,  Bernardino 

Abueg,  Braulia 

Abueg,  Caudido 

Abueg,  Catalino 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMIKISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


113 


Covrfplete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco   de    Malabon 
esfoitf— Continued. 

A  bueg,  Cornelio 

Abueg,  Daniel 

Ahueg,  Eduardo , 

Abueg,  Emiliano 

Abueg,  Eufemio 

Abueg,  Felipe 

Abueg,  Fermina 

Abueg,  Gregoria 

Abueg,  Gregorio 

Abueg,  Inocencia 

Abueg,  Juan 

Abueg,  Juliana 

Abueg,  Magno 

Abueg,  Marta 

Abueg,  Melecia 

Abueg,  Severino 

Abueg,  Isldora 

Abueg,  Isidro 

Abundo,  Antonino 

Abundo,  Basillo 

Abundo,  Matias 

Abundo,  Mariano 

Abundo,  Pablo 

Abu  tin,  Agustina 

Abutin,  Andrea 

Abutin,  Artemio 

Abutin,  Bernardo 

Abutin,  Dalmacia 

Abutin,  Emeterio 

Abutin,  Esperdiona 

Abutin,  Eulogio 

Abutin,  Gavino 

Abutin,  Ignacia 

Abutin,  Isidro 

Abutin,  Julian 

Abutin,  Macaria 

Abutin,  Marclana 

Abutin,  Martin 

Abutin,  Maxima 

Abutin,  Vicenta 

Acbang,  Felix 

Aclan,  Hermenigilda 

Adas,  Honorata 

Adrid,  Eulogio 

Agajan,  Adriano 

Aguinaldo,  Baldomcro 

Albay,  Potenciana 

Alberto,  Basilio 

Alberto,  Victoriana 

Alcantara,  Andres 

Alcantara,  Melecio 

Alejo,  Espiridion 

Alejo,  Pantaleona 

Alfaro,  Bonifacio , 

Alfaro,  Severina 

Alfaro,  Tranquilino , 

Alimasan,  Juana 

Alimasan,  Manuel 

Alix,  Benito 

Alix,  Damaso 

A  lix,  Eustaquio 

Almario,  Bernardina 

A  Imario,  Juan 

Almario,  Pedro 

Alonso,  Cosme 

Alonso,  Victor 

Alonso,  Victoriano 

Alvarez,  Mariano 

Ambogia,  Margarita 

Amit,  Martin 

Amores,  Maria 

Ancanan,  Maria 

Andava,  Andres 

Andico,  Benito 

Angeles,  Gregorio 

Angquico,  Agustin 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 7382 

7.  8045 
5. 9305 

15. 0738 
.6050 
.1632 

15.  2558 
.1602 
.0678 
.2585 
.2577 

7.  7395 
.8750 

1. 6780 
.1285 
.1863 
2. 1047 
49. 2993 
10.  7820 

5.  4770 

8.  4402 
16. 5498 

.0532 
4.  3685 
8.  7533 

.0907 

6.  4193 
.7857 
.1316 
.1610 
.  6850 
.1370 
.4558 
.4675 
.7385 

57.  6475 

.0450 

.1880 

16. 9147 

.1200 

.1280 

12. 9513 

3. 0697 

8. 9610 

6. 3703 

76.2315 

.1130 

2. 2192 

.8845 

.31(,3 

3.  8322 

.0495 

.6618 

.1905 

7.  7470 
.4815 
.1400 
.4045 
.9010 
.0907 

3.  6615 

.0660 

.1758 

.  0965 

.0595 

.  0960 

10.  5900 

10. 6085 

.1282 

1. 6368 

1. 1417 

9.0213 

1. 9777 

6.4878 

3.3360 

.1037 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San    Francisco    de    Malabon 
e8to«6— Continued . 


Anglo,  Miguel 

Antonio,  Aniceto 

Antonio,  Filomeno 

Apolimar,  Procesa 

Aquino,  Doroteo 

Aquino,  Luciano 

Aquino,  Tomas 

Araga,  Carlos 

Area,  Margarita 

Arcega,  Florencia 

Arcenal,  Miguel 

Arcilla,  Dominga 

Arcon,  Marcelino 

Arias,  Irinea 

Aristones,  Francisca 

Armesto,  Tomas 

Arnaldo,  Asuncion 

Arnaldo,  Catalino 

Arnaldo,  Epifania 

Arnaldo,  Estanislao 

Arnaldo,  Marmerta 

Arnaldo,  Ponciano 

Aroma,  Lorenzo 

Aroma,  Regino 

Aroma,  Valeriana 

Aron,  Eustaquia 

Aron,  Lorenzo 

Aron,  Mariano 

Aron,  Moises 

Aroy,  Meliton 

Artista,  Honorio 

Artista,  Martina 

Ascano,  Ignacio 

Ascaiio,  Macaria 

Ascafio,  Sebastian 

Ascano,  Timotea 

Asercion,  Brigido 

Asican,  Isberto 

Asiman,  Eustaquio 

Asistores,  Gregorio 

Asistores,  Juan , 

Asisteree,  Macario 

Asistores,  Manuel , 

Asistores,  Santiago 

Aspuria,  Vicente 

Asuero,  Fausto 

Atienza,  Martina 

Atienza,  Tranc[uilino . .. 

Austria,  Crispina 

Austria,  Geronimo 

Austria,  Narciso 

Austria,  Ysabel 

Avanceiia,  Bernarda. . . 
Avenoefla,  Concepcion. , 
Avancena,  Florentina.. 
Avancefla,  Guillerma. . . 

Avancefia,  Juana 

A  vancefla,  Tomas 

Aveledo,  Tarcila 

Avillana,  Victor 

Banana,  Anastacio 

Banana,  Nicasio 

Baquiran,  Benigno 

Baquiran,  Catalina 

Baquiran,  Francisca — 

Baquiran,  Remigio 

Baquiran,  Rufino 

Barion,  Severa 

Barrera,  Constantino. . , 

Barrera,  Macario 

Barrientos,  Agnstin 

Barrlentos,  Esteban 

Barrientos,  Marcelo 

Barrientos,  Mauricia. . . 

Barrientos,  Proceso 

Barrientos,  Roman 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1 

0. 0473 

1 

.  0825 

6 

9.7117 

1 

.1775 

1 

.1485 

1 

.1475 

1 

.0620 

1 

.  6533 

2 

.4352 

2 

14. 5138 

1 

.1070 

1 

2. 5225 

1 

2. 0()62 

1 

.  3080 

2 

14.7508 

1 

.1490 

2 

45. 4292 

20 

219. 6963 

3 

26.  2867 

10 

108. 9575 

8 

100. 7538 

14 

78. 0415 

1 

18. 7825 

2 

7. 9925 

1 

7.5217 

4 

7.5123 

2 

19. 7615 

2 

4.9840 

4 

21.9592 

1 

.1495 

3 

14. 4180 

1 

3. 9292 

1 

.4722 

4 

9. 5813 

1 

1.6507 

1 

.1175 

2 

14.4330 

2 

37. 6745 

1 

1.5099 

1 

.1255 

2 

8. 6810 

7 

44. 1855 

2 

3.3085 

1 

19. 3947 

1 

.2353 

2 

.8697 

1 

.3343 

1 

.2577 

1 

.0755 

2 

5. 3158 

5 

15.  7692 

1 

.7318 

2 

6. 6357 

2 

17. 4910 

1 

9. 5258 

7 

34. 7872 

2 

.4935 

1 

.  3255 

2 

.2300 

4 

29. 0790 

1 

.1115 

1 

.62a3 

1 

.0747 

1 

.1440 

1 

.  0660 

3 

6. 4790 

1 

.1278 

2 

7.4140 

1 

.1575 

1 

.0722 

1 

.  2395 

3 

7.1013 

5 

11.0865 

3 

.7015 

2 

2.8797 

1 

.3523 

114 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated^,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco   de  Malabon 
estate— Coniinned. 


Barron,  Perfecto 

Basa,  Agaton 

Basa,  Benito 

Basa,  Eleuterio 

Basa,  Marcelino 

Basa,  Pablo 

Bati,  Antera 

Bati,  Gregoria 

Batohan,  Tito 

Bautista,  Esperidion. . 

Bautista.  Soledad 

Bayan,  Atanasia 

Baylen,  Calixta 

Baylen,  Santiago 

Beltran,  Mariano 

Bernal,  Feliciano 

Betas,  Mateo 

Biason,  Juliana 

Biason,  Valeriana 

Viray,  Juan 

Blancia,  Lucas 

Bobadilla,  Benita 

Bobadilla,  Manuel 

Bobadilla,  Regino 

Borgofla,  Felipe 

Broas,  Crispnlo 

Brosas,  Antonio 

Brosas,  Isabel 

Buac,  Gervasio 

Buan,  Jos6 

Bucao,  Juan 

Bucao,  Leoncia 

Buclatln,  Agripina 

Buclatin,  Bernardo. . . , 

Bucaltin,  Juan 

Buena,  Andres 

Buena,  Gregorio 

Buena,  Policarpia 

Buenailor,  Cecflio 

Buenaflor,  Luis 

Buenaflor,  Meliton 

Buenaflor,  Paula 

Buenaflor,  Regina 

Buenaflor,  Sinforoso . . . 

Buenaflor,  Tito 

Buenaflor,  Toribio 

Buenavista,  Simplicio. 

Buendia,  Mateo 

Buenviaje,  Gavina. . .. 

Buenviaje,  Patricia 

Buenviaje,  Petrona 

Bugjao,  Marta 

Bugjao,  Raymunda. . . 

Bugjao,  Roberta 

Buhain,  Bonifacio 

Buhain,  Domingo 

Buhain,  Felipa 

Buhain,  Francisco 

Buhain,  Geronimo 

Buhain,  Gil 

Buhain,  Isidoro 

Buhain,  Jose 

Buhain,  Luis 

3uhaln,  Manuel 

Buhain,  Mariano 

Buhain,  Valentina 

Buhain,  Vicente 

Buhatin,  Isabel© 

Buhay,  Simeon 

Buhayen,  Estanlslao. . 

Bulan,  Mariano 

Bulda,  Emiterio 

Bulda,  Tomas 

Bumatayo,  Ellias 

Bumatayo,  Esijiridion . 
Bumatayo,  Juan 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 1520 
.1875 
.0590 
.  6280 

1.6847 

6. 6880 
.2323 
.0397 
.5203 
.9562 

9. 6623 
.0942 

7. 7468 

8. 6432 

.1290 

.2420 

.3595 

13. 5850 

4. 7715 

.4330 

13. 9205 

30. 6018 

.1592 

.1450 

1. 6855 

4.9293 
191. 5485 
11.3062 
.0398 
.  2152 
.0880 
.3008 
.0865 
.5642 
.2813 
.0595 
.2512 
.0968 
.1155 
.9745 
.8295 

1.  4972 

.2053 

23. 1955 

.1412 

11. 2430 

.5638 

6.  7425 

7.  5697 
.0925 

14.  4128 
.4097 
.1776 
1.2600 
.1176 
.0455 
.0760 
.1860 
.0598 
.1395 
.0870 
,8927 
.0725 
.7348 
.1137 
.0390 
.  2523 
.1755 
.2055 
.1772 
.1500 
.5178 
.6150 
.1357 
.2780 
.0350 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco   de    Malabon 
e«fa<«— Continued . 

Bumatayo,  Simplicio 

Bunda,  Daniel 

Bunda,  Juliana. 

Bunda,  Justo 

Bunda,  Roberta 

Bunda,  Severo 

Cabral,  Gregorio 

Cabrera,  Rufina 

Cabrera,  Saturnine 

Cafuir,  Lorenzo 

Caldejon,  Alejandra 

Caldejon,  Benedicto 

Caldejon,  Eduarda , 

Caldejon,  Emiliana 

Caldejon,  Flavian© 

Caldejon,  Maria , 

Caldejon,  Simeon 

Caldejon,  Trinidad 

Calle,  Guillermo 

Calle,  Mariano 

Calle,  Ruflno 

Camaclan,  Manuel 

Camantigue,  Juan 

Camit,  Andres 

Camposagrado,  Maria 

Camposagrado,  Teodorico 

Camposagrado,  Valentin 

Cam  tan,  Ambrosio 

Candare,  Gabriel 

Candela,  Candido 

Cantada,  Juan 

Capar4s,  Magdalena 

Capar4s,  Pedro 

Carampot,  Florencio 

Carungpong,  Romualdo 

Carungpong,  Vicente 

Castillo,  Vicente 

Castro,  Agriflno 

Castro,  Baldomera  de 

Castro,  Blasica 

Castro,  Concepci<5n  de 

Castro,  Hermenegildo 

Castro,  Hermogenes  de 

Castro,  Mariano  de 

Castro,  Ponciana 

Castro,  Prudencio  de 

Castro,  Ricardo  de , 

Castro,  Toribio , 

Cateternam,  Casimira 

Cateternam,  Ynocencia 

Catdn,  Gregorio 

Cavarles,  Maria 

Chaves,  Melecio , 

Chico,  Victorino , 

Cinco,  Luciano 

Cinco,  Maria 

Clamor,  Antonio 

Clamor,  Benigna 

Clamor,  Candido 

Clamor,  Catalino. 

Clamor,  Estanislao 

Clamor,  Lucas 

Clamor,  Macario 

Clamor,  Severiana 

Clamor,  Simplicia 

Claridad,  Luis 

Claridad,  Vicente 

Clavo,  Paula 

Clima,  Domingo 

Clima,  Tomasa 

Covales,  Gregoria 

Cobeta,  Teoaorica 

Colada,  Antonio 

Colada,  Jacinta 

Colanding,  Agaton 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1 

0.1400 

3 

9. 7695 

1 

.1700 

2 

3. 4978 

2 

15.7872 

1 

.1728 

1 

.6445 

1 

.1076 

1 

.8650 

3 

25.0897 

1 

8. 1230 

1 

1. 1975 

1 

.2705 

4 

5. 6725 

2 

19. 9025 

1 

1. 0735 

2 

9.7160 

1 

.2168 

1 

8. 3552 

1 

.6985 

2 

4.  6330 

3 

7.2500 

2 

11.  5953 

1 

7. 0040 

3 

1. 8415 

1 

24. 2887 

1 

.2905 

2 

14.2330 

1 

.1388 

1 

15. 3827 

1 

1.  5275 

1 

.1108 

1 

7. 8530 

1 

.2917 

1 

27. 8455 

1 

4. 1780 

1 

.2485 

1 

.3933 

1 

16.  6010 

I 

.2546 

1 

27. 2230 

2 

.7080 

2 

3. 0370 

1 

13.  4662 

3 

L7095 

1 

.3170 

1 

12. 9675 

1 

.4695 

1 

9.8833 

1 

38. 0972 

1 

.0485 

1 

.1643 

3 

11. 0496 

1 

.0360 

1 

.1995 

1 

.0440 

1 

.1267 

1 

.1538 

1 

.1282 

3 

17. 8538 

1 

.1647 

6 

31. 9668 

1 

.  1662 

1 

.1055 

6 

49. 8333 

2 

6.  6510 

3 

6. 6706 

1 

1. 6987 

1 

.2310 

2 

1. 4208 

2 

9. 4790 

1 

.6302 

1 

.0615 

1 

2.2138 

1 

5.2665 

ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


115 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  landsy  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July^  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated ^  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco   de    Malabon 
estate—Continued. 

Clingind,  Valeriano 

Colapan,  Romualdo 

Colarina,  Bonifacio 

Colegio,  Paula 

Colifiores,  Celso 

Coll  y  Buendia,  Josefa 

Colmenar,  Alejandro 

Colmenar,  Domingo 

Colmenar,  Gregorio 

Colmenar,  Segundo 

Colocado,  Cecilia 

Colocado,  Dominga 

Colocado,  Irineo 

Colocotog,  Pedro 

Columna,  Ambrosio 

Columna,  Andres 

Columna,  Bias 

Columna^  Eugenic 

Columna,  Flaviano 

Columna,  Francisco 

Columna,  Juan 

Columna,  Marcelo 

Columna,  Mariano 

Columna,  Pascual 

Columna,  Potenciano 

Colunma,  Prisca 

Columna,  Procesa 

Columna,  Severa 

Columna,  Silvestre 

Columna,  Simplicio 

Comandante,  Benito 

Comandante,  Olegaria 

Comandante,  Rafael 

Comision,  Deogracias 

Comision,  Policarpio 

Comision,  Vidal 

Compuesto,  Simon 

Conde,  Catalino 

Conde,  Daniel 

Conde,  Pedro 

Condol,  Florentino 

Convento,  Adriano 

Convento,  Laureana , 

Convento,  Vicente 

Cope,  Ysabelo 

Cord,  Cruz,  Josefa  M , 

Cordel,  Procesa , 

Cordero,  Simeon , 

Coronaaa,  Luciana 

Corpus,  Francisco 

Corpus,  Silvestre 

Cosca,  Jose 

Cosca,  Mariano , 

Cosca,  Pedro 

Cruz,  Andres  de  la , 

Cruz,  Antonio 

Cruz,  Cornelio  de  la 

Cruz,  Esteban 

Cniz,  Santiago  de  la 

Crisostomo,  Baltazar 

Crisostomo,  Francisco 

Crisostomo,  Francisco 

Crisostomo,  Justiniano , 

Crisostomo,  Telesforo 

Cristobal,  Catalino 

Crusat,  Ceria 

Crusat,  Isabelo 

Crusit,  Severino 

Cubol,  Eusebio 

Cuello,  Leoncio 

Cuello,  Pascual 

Cuevas,  Arcadia 

Cuevas,  Vicente 

Cupcupin,  Claro 

Cupino,  Arcadio 

Cupino  Francisco 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 

acres). 

1 

0.2407 

2 

20. 3333 

8 

106. 1305 

3 

11. 1000 

1 

.0777 

6 

23. 0955 

1 

.2465 

8 

216.  4325 

1 

49. 3858 

8 

157. 6240 

1 

.3030 

4 

15. 6167 

1 

.0945 

2 

9.1885 

1 

.0790 

5 

18. 2798 

3 

8.2067 

2 

6. 8265 

1 

.1285 

1 

3. 5323 

2 

.7530 

3 

6. 9740 

5 

12. 7782 

1 

9. 2433 

1 

.9455 

3 

13.9955 

3 

14.2697 

1 

.0088 

1 

.5260 

1 

.2022 

3 

6. 0795 

1 

.0580 

1 

.0530 

1 

7. 5993 

1 

.0982 

1 

.2740 

1 

.1738 

1 

.1167 

3 

3.8535 

3 

3.0958 

1 

.1492 

1 

12. 4470 

2 

1. 4910 

1 

.1320 

1 

.5215 

2 

86. 1600 

1 

.1185 

2 

.0373 

1 

.0405 

1 

.8120 

1 

6.1092 

5 

29. 1720 

1 

9.  2548 

3 

3.2007 

2 

.2655 

1 

2.  5210 

1 

.1313 

1 

.7522 

1 

.1438 

1 

6.  9125 

1 

9.  6177 

1 

2.  8585 

3 

36.  6910 

1 

12.  8620 

1 

3.  4900 

1 

4.9870 

1 

.0965 

1 

9.  8125 

1 

3.  3010 

1 

.1025 

1 

.0213 

1 

.1197 

4 

.6803 

2 

.3990 

1 

.4100 

1 

.0880 

Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco    de    Malabon 
estate— Continued. 

Cupon,  Crispino 

Cupon,  Ilermogenes 

Cupon,  Melecio 

Custodio,  Engracio 

Custodio,  Isaac 

Custodio,  Victoria 

Dacon,  Antonio 

Dacon,  Macario 

David,  Benita 

Dayret,  Cecilia 

Descalso,  Isidro 

Descalso,  Lucia 

Descalso,  Timoloo 

Deseo,  Andres 

Deseo,  Justino 

Deseo,  Mariano 

Desipida,  Eustaquio 

Diaz,  Andres  A 

Diaz,  Angela 

Diaz,  Marcelina 

Dionis,  Luis 

Dios,  Tomasa  R.  de 

Diquet,  Marcelina 

Dolores,  Jos6 

Dominguez,  Potenciana 

Dones,  Florencio 

Duarte,  Santiago 

Ducha,  Apolonio 

Duclsina,  Guillermo 

Dulce,  Agripina 

Dumali,  Narcisco 

Dumandan,  AniceLo 

Dumandan,  Catalino 

Dumaop,  Maria 

Duque,  Bonato 

Echenique,  Baldomera 

Ejercito,  Catalina 

Ejercito,  Juan 

Encarnacion,  Efifano 

Encarnacion,  Florentino 

Encarnacion,  Mariano 

Encarnacion,  Monico 

Encarnacion,  Nicasio 

Engada,  Estabana 

Enriquez,  Alejandra 

Enriquez,  Efifania 

Enriquez,  Marcos 

Enriquez,  Zacarias 

Esguerra,  Brigida 

Esguerra,  Ynocencio 

Espiritu,  Pelagia 

Estandarte,  Albina 

Estandarte,  M.  Paz 

Estanque,  Anastasio 

Estanque,  Eulalio 

Estanque,  Gregoria 

Estanque,  Guillermo 

Estanque,  Jacinta 

Estanque,  Marcelino 

Estanque,  Narciso 

Estores,  Baldomero 

Estores,  Damaso 

Estrella,  Leocadia 

Evangelista,  Agapito 

Evangelista,  Mauricio 

Farin,  Juana 

Faulmi,  Catalina 

Faulmi,  Fernando 

Faustino,  Gregorio 

Faustino,  Silvestre 

Felismino,  Raymundo 

Fenis,  Pablo 

Ferrer,  Luis 

Ferrer,  Mateo 

Ferrer,  Nazaria 

Flores,  Eduardo 

Fojas,  Daniel 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


2 

6.5022 

2 

.0530 

1 

.0345 

2 

.1520 

2 

2.  5130 

2 

6. 1163 

1 

8.9840 

3 

8. 0712 

3 

8.7483 

1 

9.  2057 

1 

1.  8605 

1 

.2000 

1 

.1928 

1 

16. 0667 

1 

.1888 

2 

137. 8125 

<; 

,6567 

2 

10.  4643 

5 

19.  7877 

1 

5.  9828 

1 

.1020 

9 

34.1462 

1 

.0520 

1 

2.1983 

1 

.1677 
2.7300 

2 

1 

.0720 

4 

18.  0733 

2 

8.  5667 

1 

.4803 

5 

4. 0946 

1 

.  0770 

1 

.1815 

1 

.0680 

1 

.3737 

1 

7.  9350 

1 

18.  5720 

1 

1.2650 

1 

.3178 

6 

27.  3652 

1 

.1568 

1 

1.6342 

2 

18. 4030 

1 

3. 2385 

2 

.6428 

1 

.2445 

1 

9.2380 

1 

.1895 

1 

.2350 

1 

.0797 

2 

9.  9298 

2 

4.  7945 

2 

5.8090 

1 

.3442 

1 

.2568 

1 

.1865 

2 

5.3480 

1 

2. 3197 

1 

.4320 

2 

2.2378 

4 

9.  4747 

'> 

.8233 

1 

.7747 

2 

.0975 

1 

.3288 

•A 

16. 0290 

1 

3. 5655 

2 

8.1805 

1 

.1505 

3 

7. 7095 

3 

13. 7375 

1 

.0515 

10 

361. 8660 

1 

.1230 

1 

.0547 

1 

.4078 

1 

1.7462 

116 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July^  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco    de    Malabon 
estate—Contmued. 

Fortiino,  Calixta 

Fortune,  Dionicio 

Fortuno,  Maximo 

Fortune,  Nicolas 

Francia,  Marcela 

Francia,  Rafael 

Francia,  Severina 

Francia,  Valentina 

Francia,  Zacarias 

Franco,  Florencia 

Franco,  Gliceria 

Franco,  Guillemia 

Franco,  Ilomana 

Frijoles,  Faustino 

Frijoles,  Proceso 

Gabriel,  Mariano 

Gabriel,  Pastor 

Gabriel,  Remigia 

Gadgad,  Fabian 

Gaerlan,  Abraham 

Galan,  Ijconcia 

Gaian,  Rosenda 

Garampon,  Ciri  i  j 

Garcia,  Apoloniu 

Garcia,  Clara 

Garcia,  Cornello 

Garcia,  Dionicio 

Garcia,  Francisco 

Garcia,  Gregorio 

Garcia,  Leoncio 

Garcia,  Miguel 

Garcia,  Poienciano 

Garcia,  Regino 

Geda,  Mamerto 

Gade,  Maria 

Gadaria,  Gil 

Genega.  Felipe 

Generillo,  Geferina 

Generillo,  Romatia 

Genuino,  Antonia 

Genuino,  Eugenia 

Genuino,  Florencia 

Genuino,  Florenc  io 

Genuino,  Gliceria 

Genuino,  Jos6 

Genuino,  Leoncia 

Genuino,  Melecio 

Genuino,  Policarpio 

Genuino,  Santiago 

Genuino,  Serapia 

Genuino,  Vicente 

Geronimo,  Mariano 

Gionco,  Pablo 

Gionco,  Valentin 

Gonzaga,  Paulino 

Gonzaga,  Placida 

Gonzales,  Adriana 

Gonzales,  Eleuteria 

Gonzales,  Estaban  R 

Gonzales,  Florentiiio 

Gonzales,  Gerardo 

Gonzales,  Juana 

Gonzales,  Maria  A 

Gonzales,  Paula 

Gozo.  Marcelo 

Gracia,  Damaso  de  la 

Granados,  Emigdio 

Granados,  Gregoria 

Granados,  Juliana 

Granados,  Mariano 

Grenados,  Teodorica 

Grepo,  Antonia 

Grepo,  Emfgdia 

Grepo,  Juan 

Grej%  Bonifacio 

Guardacasa,  Maria 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.  2923 

37. 1437 

4.  2795 

30.  82G3 

13.  0417 

7. 1188 

.3830 

9. 6112 

.1718 

28.0815 

11. 7470 

10. 2377 

96. 0805 

1.3175 

.2880 

1.0800 

.1463 

.1862 

.1040 

62.  6128 

.1297 

.  2600 

.1228 

2. 4415 

20. 3835 

22. 8180 

12. 1545 

.3900 

.0610 

.0867 

1.3765 

.  9445 

.  7363 

32.  7565 

37.  6732 

11.4915' 

.1215 

4. 2325 

.1443 

.1082 

4. 3915 

2. 3158 

.0930 

.0665 

49. 8()50 

29. 8895 

7. 7830 

3. 2425 

27.  4707 

.2030 

12. 3053 

.  6430 

2. 3947 

.1575 

2.7833 

3.1512 

8. 5670 

17.4653 

38. 4887 

9. 4748 

1.5950 

.3032 

13. 1203 

17.0637 

2. 9668 

.1190 

32. 5125 

.9695 

3.9730 

28. 2807 

40.  4790 

10.8345 

13. 6850 

2. 6720 

.0805 

3.3120 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco    de    Malabon 
gatofe— Continued . 

Guarin,  Amastacio 

Guarin,  Cornelia 

Guarin,  Eugenia 

Guevarra,  Damaso 

Guevarra,  Daniel 

Guevarra,  Espiridion 

Guexarra,  Eulogio 

Guevarra,  Teofilo 

Guia,  Eduardo  de 

Guia,  Ynocencio 

Guinoo,  Gil 

Guitarra,  Simeon 

Gujet,  Petronilo 

Gutierrez,  Remigio 

Gutierrez,  Teodora 

Guyamin,  Eleuterio 

Guyamin,  Yrinea 

Guzman,  Buenaventura 

Guzman,  Toribio  de 

Guzman,  Venancio  de 

Hebreo,  Diego 

Helera,  Juana 

Hernandez,  Alvaro 

Hernandez,  Ambrocia 

H  ernandez,  Antonio 

Hernandez,  Apolonia 

Hernandez,  Baltazar 

Hernandez,  Catalino 

Hernandez,  Gavino 

Hernandez,  Gregorio 

Hernandez,  I^ucio 

Hernandez,  Pelagia 

Hernandez,  Policarpio 

Hernandez,  Rosalia 

Hernandez,  Telesforo 

Hernandez,  Ambrocia  

Herrera,  A  suncion 

Herrera,  CIrilo 

Herrera,  Maria 

Herrera,  Sotera 

Honra,  Florencio 

Honra,  Raymundo 

Honrada,  Arcadio 

Honrada,  Vicente 

Horario,  Fermin 

Horario,  Sixto 

Hosana,  Agapito 

Ibafiez,  Deogracias 

Ibanez,  Francisco 

Ibafiez,  Isberta 

Ignacio,  Cirilo 

llano,  Benedicto 

llano,  Tito 

Jrop,  Brigida 

Iruguin,  Andres 

Iruguin,  Canuto 

Iruguin  Gavino 

Iruguin,  Geronimo 

Iruguin,  Roberto 

Iso,  Victor 

Iso,  Zacarias 

Jacobo,  Dalmacio 

Javier,  Balbina 

Javier,  Ciriaco 

Javier,  f^ucio 

Javier,  Simeona 

Javier,  Zacarias 

Jimenez,  Agapito 

Jimenez,  Antonio 

Jimenez,  I<]steban 

Jimenez,  Eugenio 

Jimenez,  Geronimo 

Jimenez,  Gonzalo 

Jimenez,  Gregorio 

Jimenez,  Josefa 

Jimenez,  Juan 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


117 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of^  July,  1910,  shotving 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


San    Francisco  de     Malabon 
cstate—Lo.d'muGd. 

Jimenez,  Juliana , 

Jimenez,  Leoncio 

Jimenez,  Potenciano 

Jimenes,  Roberto , 

Jimenes,  Timotea 

Jocson,  Margarita 

Jornales,  Apolonio 

Jomales,  Eladio 

Joenales,  Teodorica 

Josue,  Domingo 

Juares,  Ciriaca 

Judal,  Gabriel 

Labrador,  Emiliano 

Lagda,  Vicente 

Lapidario,  Natalio 

Latac,  Silvestre 

Leafio,  Dionicio 

Leafio,  Eugenio , 

Leafio,  Modesto 

Leano,  Zacarias 

Legaspi,  Damaso 

Legaspi,  Florencio 

Legaspi,  Juana 

Legaspi,  Lorenzo 

Legaspi,  Melecio 

Legaspi,  Pablo 

Legaspi,  Tomas 

Leuterio,  Carlos 

Leuterio,  Manuel 

Leyva,  Severina 

Ley  va,  Donato 

Lontoc,  Adriano 

Lontoc,  Ambrocia 

Loren,  Anastacio 

Loren,  Cipriana 

Loren,  Grcgoria 

Loren,  Juana 

Loren,  Maximo 

Loren,  Santiago 

Loyola,  Jos6 

Losano,  Tomas 

Losares,  Juana 

Lopez,  Gerardo 

Lucay ,  Barcelisa 

Lucban,  Julian 

Lucero,  Doroteo 

Lucero,  Luciano 

Luig,  Luis 

Luig,  Romualdo 

Luit,  Luciano 

Lunague,  Arcadio 

Lumagui,  Dionicia 

Lumagui,  Dominga 

Lumagui,  Mateo 

Lumagui,  Pio 

Lumagui,  Raymunde 

Lumagui,  Ruperto 

Lumandas,  Sabina 

Lumanog,  Dorotea , 

Lumanog,  Hilarion 

Lumanog,  Lope 

Lumanog,  Pedro 

Lumba,  Clemencia 

Lumbreras,  Felisa 

Lumubos,  Jos6 

Lumucso,  Aurelia , 

Lumucso,  Eugenio 

Lumucso,  Juana 

Lumucso,  Pedro 

Lumucso,  Vicente 

Lumunsat,  Trisanto 

Lumunsat,  Maria 

Lumunsat,  Perpetuo 

Luna  Barbara 

Luna,  Francisco , 

Luna,  Gil , 

Lima,  Tomas , 


1 

0. 0763 

6 

6.3747 

2 

6. 4300 

3 

1.5300 

1 

.0938 

10 

84. 8810 

1 

.0260 

1 

.1912 

2 

6.1365 

1 

1.1495 

1 

1.4943 

2 

1.3020 

1 

.2475 

1 

4.0520 

1 

9. 0462 

2 

7.  4138 

2 

7. 9465 

1 

.2577 

3 

12.  6830 

3 

240. 7930 

1 

.1435 

1 

1. 0860 

1 

.1753 

1 

.5750 

4 

5.  5605 

1 

.3077 

1 

.2423 

1 

.0902 

2 

6. 2268 

2 

1. 3692 

1 

.4733 

2 

.4105 

2 

7. 4580 

3 

15. 2617 

1 

.0803 

1 

1. 7392 

9 

70. 3343 

1 

12. 3575 

4 

22. 7607 

2 

16. 4835 

1 

.0873 

1 

.  4312 

1 

.2478 

1 

.0772 

1 

.9803 

1 

4. 5632 

8 

31.0278 

1 

.2072 

1 

.2355 

1 

.0588 

1 

.1075 

2 

7. 3567 

3 

12. 7683 

3 

16. 1520 

2 

11. 2922 

1 

8. 8760 

I 

.0968 

1 

.3757 

3 

10. 4908 

1 

24. 4972 

3 

8. 67.30 

1 

.2283 

1 

.1235 

2 

17. 1962 

1 

2. 1283 

2 

5. 6347 

2 

5.8450 

1 

5. 1195 

1 

.4645 

1 

3.8320 

12 

77. 1780 

3 

7.8280 

2 

1.9263 

1 

.5060 

3 

5. 8610 

2 

10. 0547 

1 

.1825 

San  Francisco    de     Malabon 
estate— Con  tinned . 

Lunasin,  David 

Luneta,  Eulogio 

Luneta,  Juan 

Luneta,  Lazaro 

Luneta,  Lorenzo 

Luneta,  Luciano 

Luno,  Balbino 

Luno,  Pedro 

Luntec,  Angel 

Llorente,  Escolastica 

Madlangbayan,  Alejandro 

Madlangbayan,  Aquilino 

Madlangbayan,  Ciriaco 

Madlangbayan,  Emiterio 

Madlangbayan,  Juan 

Madlangbayan,  Justo 

Madlangbayan,  Licario 

Madlangbayan,  Macario 

Madriaga,  Alexandra 

Madriaga,  Eusebia 

Madriaga,  Gerarda 

Magaya,  Juana 

Magbayao,  Juliana 

Magbayao,  Pantaleon 

Magsambol,  Narciso  .1 

Magsino,  Eulalio 

Malla,  Ililaria  C.  de 

Malihan,  Simeona 

Manalo,  Ambrosio 

Manalo,  Pedro 

Mane,  Policarpia 

Mangubat,  Bernarda 

Mangubat,  Doroteo 

Mangubat,  Felix 

Mangubat,  Isidro 

Mangubat,  Julio 

Mangubat,  Julita , 

Manzana,  Lucia 

Maraan,  Benedicta 

Marcial,  Juliana 

Mariano,  Matilde 

Mariano,  Pedro 

Matta,  Bernardo 

Matta,  Julio 

Matta,  Maria , 

Matta,  Narcisa 

Matta,  Silvlna 

Matta,  Tomas 

Matimtim,  Nicolasa , 

Martinez,  Manueia 

Medina,  Alexandra 

Medina,  Antonia 

Medina,  Filomena 

Medina,  Macaria 

Medina,  Pedro 

Medina,  Policarpo 

Medina,  Valentin 

Mandres,  Julia 

Mandres,  Pablo 

Mercado,  Geronimo 

Mercado,  Maxiniana 

Mercado,  Tiburcio 

Mercado,  Victor 

Mendoza,  Antonio 

Mendoza,  Cosme 

Mendoza,  Felix 

Mendoza,  Gregoria 

Mendoza,  Hermogena 

Mendoza,  Justa 

Mendoza,  Lazarona 

Mendoza,  Manuel 

Mendoza,  Pacifico 

Mendoza,  Paulino 

Mendoza,  Soledad 

Mendoza  y  Grepo,  Vicente.. 

Mendoza,  Vicente 

Mendoza,  Victoria , 


13 


0.2100 
28.5118 

7. 4735 
12. 7662 

6. 2250 

6. 5865 
.4483 
.5255 

6.0300 
.  1692 
.2475 
.  1768 
.1930 
.2525 
.1975 

7. 0233 
.  2520 
.2510 
.0317 
.1803 
71.9112 
.1378 

6. 5702 

.40-^0 

12. 6495 

4. 7190 
16.  4980 

3. 8488 
.0782 
.2480 
.1990 

3. 3310 
55.  4862 
10.7200 
10. 8017 

3. 9688 

5. 5500 
.2927 
.  1538 
16. 4087 
.0710 
10. 9205 
.2273 

7.0177 
.2118 
.2010 
.0702 
.0928 
.0782 
27. 1865 

7.  9040 

.1258 

27. 7740 

.1990 

.1770 

2. 7255 
15. 0362 
.  2993 
.4327 
.4130 
.0963 
.1527 

3.6425 
.  1385 
.  1308 

2.  4042 

10. 2613 

.2740 

2. 7435 

5. 9217 
12. 7793 

4. 6487 

9. 37fi5 

9. 4995 
.1175 
.1108 
.1627 


118 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon 
c«f  ate— Continued . 


Miranda,  Alfonzo 

Mojica,  Albina 

Molica,  Felicidad 

Molla,  Narciso 

Montalan,  Dionicia 

Montano,  Paulino 

Montejo,  Eugenio 

Montemayor,  Marcelo 

Montevirgen,  Francisco 

Monte virgen.  Moises. 

Montimor,  Vicenfa 

Montino,  Roman 

Monton,  Cipriana 

Monton,  Flaviana 

Monton,  Froilan 

Monton,  Honorio 

Monton,  Lucio 

Monton,  Mariano 

Montoya,  Graciana 

Montoya,  Ysidro 

Montoya,  Julia 

Montoya,  Teodoro 

Montoya,  Vicente 

Monzon,  Gavino 

Monzon,  Leon 

Morabe,  Gregorio 

Morabe,  Severina 

Moral,  Engracia 

Moral,  Felisa 

Morano,  Bonifrxia 

Morave,  Lazaro 

Morena,  Mariano. 

Morente,  Ynes 

Morente,  Modesto 

Mores,  Bonifacio 

Mores,  Sicenando 

Morga,  Florentine 

Morte,  Calixta 

Mota,  Anastacio 

Mota,  Tomasa 

Movido.  Dalmacia 

Moya,  Andres 

Moya,  Eugenio 

Moya,  Marcelo 

Moya.  Minucio 

Mugei,  Braulio 

Mugol,  Flaviano 

Mugol,  Isberta 

Mugolj  Juan 

Municipality  of  S.  F.  de  Mala- 
bon  

Municipality  of  Noveleta 

Munoz,  Apolinaria 

Muyot,  Adriano 

Muyot,  Teodora 

Nalles,  Escolastico 

Nato,  Angel 

Nato,  "Victor 

Nave,  Jos6 

Nazareno,  Anqcl 

Ner,  Andres.. 

Nepomuceno,  Mat  ias 

Noceda,  Mateo 

Nocon,  Andrea 

Nocon,  Cayetaiia 

Nocon,  Elena 

Nocon,  Eulalia 

Nocon,  Francisco 

Nocon,  Isidora 

Nocon,  Modesto 

Nocon,  Moises 

Nocon,  Nicolasa 

Nocon,  Pedro 

Nocon,  Romualdo 

Nocon,  Teodorica 

Nocon,  Valerlano 

Nocon,  Victoriana 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased, 


Area  (in 
acres). 


2 

0. 3595 

39. 8888 

3. 7215 

.  0617 

.2925 

1.0095 

4. 7563 

15. 9427 

10. 86(55 

9. 3470 

6.  8520 

.  6105 

1.8130 

18. 0150 

.3688 

.  2252 

.2268 

2. 4837 

10. 0295 

9. 4548 

.  0547 

.  8633 

2. 5025 

14. 4922 

11.0328 

3. 1347 

.1393 

.2007 

.4905 

.1860 

.5600 

.7640 

5. 6420 

48. 4543 

.4102 

10. 3785 

.1465 

10. 9385 

.1555 

31. 6220 

1. 7000 

3.4178 

6. 1425 

5. 4895 

.5040 

.0927 

10. 2565 

2. 1448 

2.2300 

5 

4. 1192 

3 

6. 7083 

6 

39.  4812 

I 

.0915 

1 

.9848 

I 

.  3295 

1 

2. 2080 

1 

4. 3105 

2 

10. 3060 

1 

.2270 

3 

8.5185 

1 

.4940 

1 

1.0077 

6 

a5. 4983 

2 

3.7577 

1 

.1838 

2 

11.5050 

1 

4.8527 

2 

.2885 

3 

1.9123 

1 

.2062 

1 

.1393 

4 

.9562 

1 

.3903 

1 

.0955 

11 

134. 1905 

1 

.1802 

Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco    de    Malabon 
estate— Continued . 

Nogadas,  Apolonla 

Nuiiez,  Prisca 

Ocampo,  Aristona  de 

Ocampo,  Eulogio  de 

Ocampo,  Florencio  de 

Ocampo,  Nieves  de 

Odiong,  Eduardo 

Odono,  Agustina 

Odviar,  Felipa 

Odviar,  Luciano 

Odviar,  Rufmo 

Odvina,  Ceferina 

Odvina,  Cornelio 

Odvina,  Gregoria 

Odvina,  Pedro 

Olaez,  Apolinaria 

Olaez,  Benito 

Olaez,  Damaso * 

Olaez,  Donato 

Olaez,  Liceria 

Olaez,  Pio 

Olimpo,  Cipriano 

Olimpo,  Pilar ^ 

Olimpo,  Quiterio 

Oracion,  Carlos 

Oracion,  Carlos 

Oracion,  Isidro 

Orario,  Gil 

Orario,  Vicente 

Orate,  Juana 

OsiS;  Gregoria 

Pabiton,  Paula 

Pagcalinangan,  Calixto 

Pagcaliuangan,  Julian , 

Pagcalinangan,  Segundo , 

Paguio,  Graciano 

Pajarito,  Engracia 

Palma,  Damasa 

Palma,  Honorata , 

Palomar,  Vi vencio 

Palompo,  Ramon 

Panaligan,  Simon 

Pafiganiban,  Carlos 

Pafiganiban,  Damaso 

Paflganiban,  Diego 

Pafiganiban,  Eugenio 

Pafiganiban,  Gabriel , 

Pafiganiban,  Patricio 

Pafiganiban,  Pedro 

Pafigilinan,  Baldomera , 

Pangilinan,  Dorotea , 

Pafigilinan,  Espiridion , 

Papan,  Tiburcfo 

Paras,  Angel 

Pardo,  Romualdo , 

Paredes,  Isldoro 

Paredes,  Romana 

Parot,  Faustina 

Pascual,  Ignacio 

Pastoral,  Rafael 

Patriarca,  Clemen te 

Patriarca,  Julian 

Patriarca,  Quintina 

Patricio,  Francisco 

Patricio,  Juan 

Pefia,  Justo  de  la 

Perea,  Fausta 

Perea,  Pedro 

Pilapil,  Gregorio 

Pilapil,  Tomasa 

Piloc,  Jacinto 

Poblete,  Benito 

Poblete,  Pelagio 

Polido,  Segundo 

Poniente,  Simplicio 

Porteria,  Barbara 

Porteria,  Benita 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.1300 
.3955 

8. 2070 
.1198 
.7162 
.3955 
.0560 

6. 0565 

32. 3883 

.1630 

.4360 

.1557 

4.3053 

11.8362 

.0400 

2.  7738 

2.  7177 

2. 8170 
11. 4058 

7.8875 

.1247 

52. 1835 

6.  5610 
16. 2085 

1.  4735 

2.  5438 
1.7192 

.4043 

.5225 

80. 0890 

4.  2750 
.1357 

1.1583 

7.  4762 
.2900 
.3758 
.1500 

28.  6065 

15. 0807 
.3655 
.2258 
2. 1055 
.2467 
.0868 
.1337 
.6520 
.3765 
.0458 
.1652 
.0538 
.1285 
.3555 
1. 8447 
1. 8623 
.1692 

12.0396 

.2626 

.5838 

1.0236 

12. 9282 

.2018 

2.7142 

.9698 

248. 5237 

13. 4760 

17. 8178 
.1547 
.1238 
.0445 

12.0702 
.1126 
.1990 
2.2223 
.1895 
.2997 
.1746 
7.4670 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


119 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  S  1st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


I  Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


San  Francisco   de    Malabon 
estate— Continued. 

Porteria,  Pedro 

Fortilla,  Clotilde 

Portilla,  Felipa 

Porto,  Bruno 

Porto,  Eusebia 

Porto,  Hugo 

Porto,  Juan 

Porto,  Maria 

Porto,  Segundo 

Porto,  Servillano 

Porto,  Zacarias 

Portugal,  Concepcion 

Portugal,  Santod 

Portuguez,  Ambrocio 

Portuguez,  Emigdio 

Posas,  Eulalio 

Posas,  Guillermo 

Potente,  Bernardo 

Potente,  Gil 

Potente,  Justo 

Potente,  Norberto 

Presa,  Alberto 

Presa,  Flavlano 

Presa,  Quiteria 

Presa,  Reymondo 

Presa,  Rosa 

Primero,  Juan 

Primero,  Leon 

Prodigalidad,  Mateo 

Prodigalidad,  Maximiano 

Prodigalidad,  Pedro 

Profeta,  Anastacio 

Profeta,  Benito 

Profeta,  Ciprlano 

Profeta,  Cornelio 

Profeta,  Raymundo 

Profeta,  Telesforo 

Prudente,  Amado 

Prudente,  Anastaslo 

Prudetite,  Apolinario 

Prudente,  Isidoro 

Prudente,  Prudencio 

Prudente,  Simeon 

Prudente,  Sotero 

Prudente,  Victorino 

Pueblo,  Gregorio 

Pueblo,  Manuel 

Puerta,  Donato 

Puerta,  Engracla 

Pugay,  Apolonia 

Pugay,  Atanasio 

Pugay,  Balblna 

Pugay,  Gavino 

Pugay,  Gregorio 

Pugay,  Mariano 

Pugay,  Pedro 

Pugeda,  Benedicta 

Pugeda,  Cecilia 

Pugeda,  Dorotea 

Pugeda,  Epifand 

Pugeda,  Felipa 

Pugeda,  Teodoro 

Pugeda,  Tiburclo 

Pulido,  Felix 

Pulido,  Juan 

Pulido,  Leoncio 

Pulido,  Roman 

Pulido,  Sotero 

Punlagao,  Juan 

Punzalan,  Aleio 

Punzalan,  Felipe 

Punzalan,  Roberto 

Purihin,  Quitano 

Puspos,  Fausto 

Puspos,  Maria 

Quiembao,  Severina 

Quladson,  Bonifacio 


Area  (in 
acres). 


5.4353 

32. 5080 

9. 8532 

.1830 

25.  5968 

14.1010 

14. 3515 

.9217 

(1. 7855 

in.  8015 

19. 5423 

14.3250 

.0752 

21.8148 

23.  6847 

(>.  2895 

3.  4035 

167.  5543 

55.  3200 

38.  0927 

16.  6403 

4. 0955 

10. 0865 

4. 1060 

2. 9945 

.0747 

.4143 

.1850 

.  1232 

.1380 

1.9518 

.2222 

.  1950 

.0843 

.4317 

6. 5425 

1.3083 

2. 8537 

.0580 

.  0553 

5. 7690 

.4725 

.  0382 

.0215 

3. 1820 

16. 9308 

.5082 

.1163 

2. 4397 

.2225 

.1930 

.  1543 

.0417 

.3515 

.  1860 

.  2383 

11.4165 

2.2^:07 

24.6278 

8. 5877 

.0498 

17. 2995 

.  1535 

1.8907 

1.3500 

1.2248 

.1647 

2.7700 

4. 7610 

.3475 

.0220 

.1485 

.0568 

6. 7532 

5. 1543 

48.8510 

.4647 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco    de  Malabon 
estate—ContinuQd. 


Quiadson,  Escolastico. . . 

Quiadson,  Isabel  o 

Quiadson,  Mariano 

Quiadson,  Rafael 

Quinto,  Marcos 

Quion,  Basilia 

Quion,  Claro 

Quion,  Felisarda 

Quion,  Julia 

Quion,  Juliana 

Quion,  Laureano 

Quion,  Luisa 

Quion,  Macaria 

Quion,  Melesia 

Quion,  Pablo 

Quion,  Paulino 

Quion,  Pnidencia 

Quion,  Severo 

Quirap,  Eligio 

Quirap,  Macaria 

Quisame,  Cipriano 

Quitquitan,  G  rogorio 

Rabela,  Laureano 

Ramirez,  Canuto 

Ramirez,  Sotero 

Ramos,  Eustacio 

Ramos,  Maximino 

Ramos,  Paula 

Raquel,  Gavina 

Raquefio,  Agripino 

Raqueiio,  Catalina 

Raquefio,  Deogracias 

Raqueiio,  Fernando 

Raqueiio,  Juana 

Raqueiio,  Julia 

Raquefio,  Melecio 

Raqueiio,  Pablo 

Raqueiio,  Rafaela 

Raqueiio,  Segunda 

Rayos,  Bias 

Rayos,  Candelaria 

Rea,  Anacleta  de  la 

Rea,  Ignacio  de  la 

Rea,  Pelagio  de  la 

Reano,  Francisca 

Reaiio,  Victoriana 

Resa,  Regina 

Rescal,  Mariano 

Resus,  Jacinta 

Resus,  Marcela 

Resus,  Maria 

Reterta,  Maxima 

Retonel,  Dionicio 

Reinante,  Gaudencio  — 

Reinante,  Tomas 

Reyes,  Alejo 

Reyes,  Andres 

Reyes,  Balbino 

Reyes,  Basilia 

Reyes,  Basilio 

Reyes,  Benito 

Reyes,  Bernarda 

Reyes,  Brigida 

Reyes,  Dorotea 

Reyes,  Eleuterio  de  ios. . 

Reyes,  Enrique 

Reyes,  Escolastico 

Reyes,  Florencia 

Reyes,  Florentine 

Reyes,  Francisca  de  Ios. 

Reyes,  Juan  de  Ios 

Reyes,  Lucio 

Reyes,  Macario 

Reyes,  Marcela 

Reyes,  Marcos  de  Ios 

Reyes,  Meliton 

Reyes,  Simforoso  de  '.i>s. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 

acres). 


2.5495 
.  2575 

3.3108 

2. 6815 
.9892 
.7068 
.0882 
.8090 

4.2613 
.1922 

12.  5863 
.3727 
.5808 

4.8807 

.9835 

30.  4558 

.9127 

3.  2708 

.2307 

.3860 

2. 0675 

14.  7778 

.  31.80 

95.  6397 

1.  3275 
91.  7010 
41.  5455 

20.  3798 
9.  7967 

.1335 
81.  7395 

21.  8605 
.9763 
.  6(>67 
.7893 

17.  6007 

13.  5535 
24.  5513 

7.  5995 
.0727 
.2833 
3.  3080 
4.9792 
.2230 
.2155 
.1188 
.0602 

2.  7905 

3.  5413 
2.  8340 

4.  8252 
.1703 

4.1660 
.0757 
.1130 

1.1600 
66.  3665 

3. 1650 

9. 3473 
.0890 
.5207 
.0718 
.  2220 
17. 7890 

2. 3607 

.0763 

13.0547 

9.  4393 

.4497 

12. 7273 

1. 7608 

1.8887 
.3268 

1.0837 
.  47«)0 
.  1280 
.1080 


120 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco    de    Malibon 
e*«a«c— Continued. 


Reyes,  Sixto 

Reyes,  Sotero 

Reyes,  Teodoro 

Reyes,  Valentin 

Reyes,  Valeriano  de  los. . 

Reyes,  Vicente 

Ricafrente,  Augustin . . . . 

Ricaf rente,  Antonio 

Ricafrente,  Felipa 

Ricafrente,  Fermina 

Ricafrente,  Petrona 

Ricafrente,  Rita 

Ricafrente,  Sabino 

Ricafrente,  Valentin 

Ricasa,  Andres 

Ricasa,  Catalino 

Ricasa,  Gregorio 

Rios,  Gerardo  F 

Rios,  Jos6F 

Rios,  Ramon  F 

Rita,  Joaquin  Santa 

Ribera,  Agapito 

Ribera,  Juan 

Ribera,  Tomasa 

Ribera,  Zacarias 

Ribes,  Pedro 

Robles,  Barbara 

Roceta,  Andrea 

Rodas,  Lucio  Pio 

Roda,  Mariano  Pio  de. . 

Rojas,  Benigno 

Rojas,  Daniel 

Rodriguez,  Andrea 

Rodriguez,  Arcadio 

Rodriguez,  I^nacio 

Rosario,  Agrifmo  del 

Rosario,  Felix  del 

Rosario,  Jacinta  del 

Rosario,  Juan  del 

Rosario,  Saturnino  del.. 
Rosario,  Victoriano  del. 

Ruiz,  Lazaro 

Ruiz,  Tomasa 

Ruvico.  Nicasio. 

Sabali,  Pablo 

Sabido,  Tomasa 

Sablan,  Juliana 

Sacro,  Venancia 

Sagpao,  Bonifacio 

Sagpao,  Donato 

Sagpao,  Hermogenes. . . 

Sagpao,  Maximo 

Sagpao,  Nepomuceno. . . 

Sagpao,  Segundo 

Sales,  Beatriz 

Sales,  Bernabe 

Sales,  Bernardo 

Sales,  Escolastico 

Sales,  Francisca 

Sales,  Francisco 

Sales,  Jos6 

Sales,  Saturnino 

Salgado,  Brigida 

Salgado,  Eutiquiano 

Salgado,  Marcela 

Salgado,  Rafael 

Salgado,  Teodorico 

Salgado,  Toquiano 

Salinas,  Cenon 

Salinas,  Rosalie 

Salinas,  Tomasa 

Saliva,  Candido 

Saliva,  Catalino 

Salud ,  Alejandro 

Salud.Hilario 

Salud ,  Marcos 

Salud ,  MaxiUM? , .  ^  t  -  r  -  • . 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


3 

0.8170 

1 

4.3680 

1 

1.6613 

2 

.4760 

1 

^  4.1325 

6 

107. 4745 

1 

.1847 

1 

.2935 

1 

.2598 

1 

.0855 

1 

.0525 

1 

.  1132 

1 

.2688 

2 

1.0877 

1 

.1535 

1 

.0988 

1 

.0450 

2 

15.2300 

8 

26. 5542 

2 

8. 1093 

1 

.2365 

1 

.3550 

3 

5. 4850 

2 

8. 9225 

1 

.1660 

3 

1.5367 

2 

1.2590 

1 

.2110 

14 

63.5358 

6 

30. 6707 

4 

39. 9748 

1 

.  3167 

1 

.084.5 

4 

5. 8365 

3 

12. 1728 

2 

24. 9035 

1 

8. 8555 

1 

7.  4810 

9 

80. 3467 

1 

6.2163 

2 

1.5112 

1 

.0400 

4 

10. 1435 

1 

.1033 

8 

38.2807 

1 

.0585 

1 

.0343 

1 

.1910 

1 

.0257 

1 

.0560 

1 

.0923 

1 

.1325 

1 

.0685 

1 

.1110 

1 

.1145 

8 

15. 8027 

6 

16.5433 

1 

.1765 

3 

21. 0645 

12 

144.  6797 

3 

7.0985 

1 

.0348 

3 

13. 0900 

1 

.0495 

2 

8.9202 

4 

12. 2743 

6 

17.9837 

1 

.3798 

1 

27. 9282 

5 

30. 4135 

1 

.2685 

4 

11. 7650 

1 

10.  6278 

1 

3.3507 

4 

7. 0725 

1 

12.6830 

1 

.3700 

Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco    de  Malahon 
<«teic— Continued. 


Salud,  Valentin 

Saludo,  Elias 

Salvador,  Victoriano 

Samson,  Alberto 

Sanchez,  Silvino 

Sangalang,  Bernardo 

Santander,  Eustaquio 

Santiago,  Eulogio 

Santulio,  Graciano 

Safiez,  Marcela 

Santos,  Arcadio  de  los 

Santos,  Juliana  de  los 

Santos,  Rufino  de  los 

Sapida,  Juan 

Saqui,  Martina 

Saqui,  Telesforo 

Saranglao,  Florencia 

Saranglao,  Proceso 

Saria,  Apolinaria 

Saria,  Dionlcia 

Saria,  Filomena 

Saria,  Francisco 

Saria,  Margarita 

Saria,  Romualdo 

Saria,  Tomas 

Sarmiento,  Placida 

Satinitigan,  Juliana 

Saulog,  Baldomera 

Saulog,  Victoriana 

Sefleris,  Pedro 

Silang  Cruz,  Basilio 

Silang  Cruz,  Macario 

Simbre,  Basilio 

Simpan,  Julian 

Simpelo,  Bonifacio 

Simpelo,  Eugenia 

Simpelo,  Gil. 

Simpelo,  Severino 

Sinag,  Benita 

Sinag,  Baleriana 

Sinalubong,  Eugenio 

Sincosa,  Marcelino 

Sinilong,  Paulina 

Sinsay,  Juan 

Sinsay ,  Bonifacio 

Sipat,  Doroteo 

Sipat,  Juana 

Sipat,  Pedro 

Sipat,  Simeon 

Sison,  Cornelio 

Sison,  Lorenzo 

Sison,  Manuel 

Soils,  Agapita 

Solis,  Eleuteria 

Soils,  Damaso 

Solis  y  Buhain,  Francisco.. 

Solis,  Cipriana 

Solis,  Lucio 

Solis,  Narciso 

Solis,  Marcelo 

Solis,  Pilar 

Solis,  Pastor 

Solis,  Romualdo 

Solis,  Sotero 

Solis,  Tranquilina 

Solis,  Victor 

Soriano,  Aguedo 

Soriano,  Francisco 

Sariano,  Gliceria 

Soriano,  Honoria 

Sorme,  Lorenza 

Sorosoro,  Juan 

Suasa,  Maria 

Suasa,  Mariano 

Sudano,  Macaria 

Sudano,  Maria 

Sulan,  Yap 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1 

23. 4490 

1 

.4668 

1 

.1300 

1 

.1812 

1 

.0443 

1 

.2077 

1 

.2028 

23 

143.4717 

1 

.3788 

1 

13.2185 

1 

.3142 

1 

.9578 

2 

L2910 

1 

6.2167 

1 

20.  0455 

1 

9. 1408 

1 

.2472 

1 

.6440 

1 

12.  5170 

1 

.3345 

1 

11.7235 

2 

3. 7460 

1 

1. 2925 

2 

4.0000 

3 

16. 2385 

1 

.1085 

2 

8. 4068 

2 

9. 0142 

1 

2.  5235 

1 

.3730 

2 

.3013 

1 

.0302 

1 

.8180 

1 

.2403 

2 

11. 8800 

1 

.0857 

2 

7. 9023 

1 

.2662 

1 

.1223 

3 

8.2806 

2 

.4270 

2 

2. 9430 

2 

11. 3150 

1 

.1300 

1 

3. 1340 

1 

.3850 

2 

6.8432 

2 

.8188 

1 

.2212 

1 

L7598 

1 

.0462 

8 

112. 5260 

2 

.2575 

1 

.3530 

2 

.3903 

1 

.1075 

3 

.5565 

2 

.2305 

7 

29.0175 

2 

.9602 

1 

.0958 

3 

1. 0212 

I 

.3335 

1 

.0933 

1 

.0472 

2 

L6160 

3 

14. 1775 

1 

.1710 

1 

.0618 

4 

3.5875 

1 

.3930 

2 

.2542 

1 

.0780 

2 

1.0468 

1 

1. 7722 

2 

8.0553 

2 

.2177 

ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


121 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


San  Francisco   de  Malahon 
estate—Continued. 


Susana,  Bernardina 

Susana,  Fetrona 

Tabanan,  Estepa 

Tabar,  Apolonio 

Tabar,  Pedro 

Taclobo,  Carlos,  and  Simafia, 

Miguel 

Taclobo,  Meliton 

Tacucong,  Martin 

Tagalog,  Pio 

Taganas,  Felipe 

Taganas,  Luis 

Tagarao,  Doininga 

Tagle,  Kladia 

Tagle,  Isaac 

Tagle,  Juana 

Tagle,  Laureana 

Tagle,  Mariano 

Tagle,  Nicolasa 

Taglinao,  Baldomera 

Taglinao,  Dalmacio 

Taglinao,  Pio 

Tampoc,  Maria 

Tanda,  Vicente 

Tanlapco,  Roi  erto 

Tapauan,  Santos 

Tecson,  Rosa 

Tiongson,  Irineo 

Tirona,  Pablo 

Topacio,  Gavino 

Topacio,  Ines 

Torres,  Cecilia  de , 

Torres,  Domingo  de 

Trel)ias,  Pantaleon 

Trias,  Berna^e 

Trias,  Eufemio 

Trias,  Eulalia 

Trias,  Felisa 

Trias,  Gliceria 

Trias,  Gregorio 

Trias,  Ignacio 

Trias,  Juan 

Trias,  Julita 

Trias  y  Abueg,  Justina 

Trias,"  Justina 

Trias,  Manuela 

Trias,  Maria 

Trias,  Maria  Paz 

Trias,  Mariano 

Trias  y  Buendia,  Maxitnino. 

Trias,  Maximine 

Trias,  Martina 

Trias,  Mateo 

Trias,  Modesto 

Trias,  Paula 

Trias,  Pedro 

Trias,  Pedro 

Trias,  Sisenando 

Trias ,  Dareiano 

Trias,  Timotea 

Tuliao,  Luis 

Tuliao,  Mariano 

Tuliao,  Pedro 

Udiong,  Roman 

L.^on,  Melesio 

Valedo,  Anacleta 

Valenzuela,  Hermogenes 

Valenzuela,  Quintin 

Vales,  Benito 

Vallecer,  Claro 

Vallecer,  Damiana 

Vallecer,  Fausto 

Vallecer,  Graciano 

Vallecer,  Lorcnza 

Vallecer,  Marcela 

Vallecer,  Rosa 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


3 

24. 0505 

2 

20. 7013 

1 

.0(00 

1 

.  2(i20 

1 

.1375 

1 

27. 0152 

1 

1.1995 

1 

.  1493 

1 

15.  4080 

1 

1.3342 

1 

5. 0920 

1 

.  0(>43 

1 

.  5107 

2 

.  5(.78 

1 

.1742 

1 

1.0095 

2 

6. 9478 

1 

.  5557 

1 

.  2580 

2 

5. 3823 

2 

8. 8352 

1 

.  IC-SO 

1 

.  3273 

1 

.1822 

1 

.  3123 

1 

.58.,0 

3 

4. 2r87 

1 

.03S0 

1 

.  2053 

1 

12. 0807 

1 

2. 5565 

3 

12.8478 

1 

.  0802 

9 

52. 1800 

1 

.  5025 

1 

9. 0733 

3 

40.8037 

1 

11.4248 

8 

47. 3015 

1 

.  2205 

3 

8. 2002 

38 

562. 0200 

1 

.  1545 

1 

.0333 

10 

113. 7077 

1 

9. 4825 

3 

9. 9598 

17 

585. 9205 

1 

0. 2385 

12 

88. 0022 

3 

35. 0455 

1 

.2243 

2 

.7372 

2 

7.  7835 

7 

81.5833 

11 

106. 3972 

1 

.0703 

2 

.  6480 

2 

.  6367 

1 

1. 8795 

2 

.  2930 

1 

.  1730 

1 

.0578 

1 

9. 6822 

1 

.  0328 

1 

.1315 

1 

.4717 

1 

.  4375 

3 

2. 0493 

3 

1.3745 

1 

.  83()2 

2 

2. 7938 

4 

2. 3680 

2 

1.2327 

3 

1.  7038 

Name  of  purchaser. 


San   Francisco   de    Malahon 
estate— Continued.. 

Val vuena,  Melecio  G 

Varon,  Anacleta 

Vedar,  Urbano 

Velando,  Simon 

Velasco,  Carlos 

Velasco,  Catalino 

Vergara,  Florencio 

Vergara,  Hipolita 

Villa,  Gabriel  de 

Villaflor,  Ruperto 

Villanueva,  Alfonsa 

Villanueva,  Ambrosio ...^ 

Villanueva,  Crecencia 

Villanueva,  Escolastica 

Villanueva,  Florentina 

Villanueva  y  Caldera,  Simeon. 

Villanueva,  Simeon 

Viniegra,  Wenceslao 

Virata,  Anselmo 

Virata,  Antonio , 

Virata,  Maria , 

Viray,  Estanislao , 

Viray,  Petronilo 

Viray,  Severino 

Viscarra,  Florencio 

Vismanos,  Cirilo , 

Vizmanos,  Tomas 

Vitancol,  Andrea 

Vitancol,  Bibiana 

Vitancol,  Juan , 

Vitancol,  Juana 

Vivo,  Ililario 

Vivo,  Lueena , 

Vivo,  Valentin 

Vivo,  Vicente 

Yalo,  Bonifacio 

Yonson,  Bernardina , 

Ypsioco,  Camilo 

Ypsioco,  Felix 

Zoto,  Quiteria 

1,363    purchasers;     2,752 
sales;  13,290.2156  acres. 

SanJos^de  Minder o  estate. 
2     sales; 


Poole,  E.  L 

1     purchaser; 
56,212.0375  acres. 


San  Marcos  estate. 


Mendoza,  Francisco 

1      purchaser;      1 
218.3223  acres. 


Santa  Eosa  estate. 

Acosta,  Domingo  de 

Acosta,  Teodorico  de. . . 

Acufia,  Antonio 

Acufia,  Flaviana 

Acufia,  Josefa 

Acufia,  Lucia 

Adaro,  Primitivo 

Adato,  Eugenio 

Adato,  Ulpiano 

Alacdan,  Florencio 

Alano,  Santos 

Alcasid ,  Ireneo 

Alcoran,  Emigdio 

Alegre,  Maxima 

Alegre,  Sotero 

Aleriano,  Macaria 

Algabre,  Leonardo 

Alibudbud,  Candido 

Alibudbud,  Catalino 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1. 9287 

.0620 

.1303 

.1532 

251.0420 

29. 5863 

.2340 

5.0090 

.2235 

.0947 

7. 5090 

2. 0680 

.1113 

5. 7657 

.0565 

1. 0405 

.3023 

50. 7902 

14. 1450 

.0983 

.1117 

.0478 

.3192 

2. 6383 

3. 2860 

1.0840 

5. 7312 

2.  7923 

6.  7822 
14.  5205 

.  1862 
.0952 
.2608 
.  0647 
.1410 
.  5260 
2.  5068 
7. 1535 

7.  7637 
75. 1688 


56,212.0376 


.2140 
.1180 

8. 7827 
.1898 

10. 1315 
.4785 
.  1423 
.  1547 
.4030 
.1592 
.  1380 
.1653 
.  3025 
6. 9967 
.0828 
.  1250 

58. 6977 
.2020 
.1518 


82278°~H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 12 


122 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 

Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (In 

acres). 

Santa  Rosa  estate— Continued. 
Alibudbud,  Epifania 

1 

2 

•1 

17 

2 
2 
2 
2 
3 

0. 1670 
.2517 
.3953 
.1055 

8. 7557 
.3385 
.2108 

3. 9300 
.1277 
.2403 
.2632 
.4218 
.1477 
.  1615 
.0920 
.1738 
.1327 
.1608 
.0807 
.9558 
.0995 

8.8727 

6. 6988 

.1200 

.1182 

.2075 

.1513 

.2170 

.1070 

.2547 

23. 7920 

24,  9043 

.1660 

.1157 

.1105 

182. 1705 

.1515 

1. 6418 

.1112 

12. 5170 

9. 8253 
.7085 
.1172 

3. 7950 

5.  5513 

7. 1662 

.3550 

20. 5065 

23. 4035 

4. 0408 
.1347 
.0820 
.1108 
10. 9442 
.0492 
.3008 
.0855 
.  1255 

2.8132 
.0895 

3. 0263 
.0610 
.1285 
.0825 
.0850 
.0630 
.0670 
.0787 

3.3365 
.3303 

1.1530 
.0800 
.1382 
.  1073 
.1600 
.1020 
•      . 4195 
.0940 

Alibudbud,  Felix 

Alibudbud,  Francisco 

Alibudbud  y  Cose,  Francisco. 
Alibudbud,  Gregorio 

Alibudbud,  Justa 

Alibudbud,  Hipolito 

Alibudbud,  Mariano 

Alibudbud,  Pablo  F 

Alibudbud,  PJacida 

Alibudbud,  Ramon 

Alibudbud,  Ruperto 

Alicpala,  Potenciana 

Alingarop,  Rufina    

Alinsod,  Bartolome 

Alinsod,  Eulogio      

Alinsod,  Gabriela 

Alinsod,  Herrainigildo 

Alinsod,  Josefa 

Alinsod,  Justino 

Alinsod,  Manuel 

Alinsod,  Maria 

Alinsod,  Maura 

Alipon,  Braulio 

Alipon,  Juana 

Alipon,  Luis 

Alls,  Petra 

Alls,  Isidoro 

Alitagtag,  Leocadia 

Alitagtag,  Mariano 

Almanzor,  Lazaro 

Almazan,  Mateo 

Almayan,  Fortunata 

Almayan.  Romana 

Almeda,  Basilia 

Almeda,  Francisca 

Almendras,  Victor 

Alniera,  Glicerio  . 

Almira,  Pedro 

Almira,  Teodoro 

Almodobar,  Albina 

Almodovar,  Alejandro 

Almodovar,  Bernab6 

Almodovar,  Ciriaco    . 

Almodovar,  Epifanio 

Almodovar,  Mariano 

Almodovar,  Paulino 

Almodovar,  Petronila 

Almodovar,  Petronila 

Almodovar,  Segunda. . 

Almodovar,  Segunda 

Almodovar,  Siniedn 

Almodovar,  Severe 

Almodovar,  Teodorica 

Almofia,  Agueda 

Alo  ado,  Anacleto 

Alo  ado,  Epifanio 

Alo  ado,  Gregoria 

Alojado,  Jos^ 

Alojado,  Maria 

Alojado,  M4xima 

Alo  ado,  Modesto 

Alojado,  Santiago 

Alo  ado,  Santiago . 

Alojado,  Silvestra 

Alondav,  Florentino. . . 

Aloria,  Flaviano 

Alp4s,  Petronilo 

Alpasan,  Angel  B . . . . 

Alpasan,  Clara 

Alpasan,  Luis 

Alpasan,  Tsabelo 

Altura,  Raymunda 

Alubo,  Felix 

Alubera.  Remigia 

Alumno,  Estanislao 

Alumno,  Manuel 

Alvarez,  Bernab^ 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate—Continued. 

Alvarez,  Esteban 

Alvarez,  Gaudiosa 

Alvarez,  Ignacia 

Alvarez,  Marciana 

Amador,  Jos6 

Amarante,  Silvina 

Amarante,  Victoria 

Ambagan,  Francisca 

Ambagan,  Maria 

Amomuta,  Petronila 

Amorante,  Andres 

Amorante,  Cirilo 

Amorante,  Sebastian 

Amoranto,  Venancio 

Amoranto,  Yrene 

Amoranto,  Benita 

Amoranto,  Florencia 

Amoranto,  Ger<5nima 

Amoranto,  Martin 

Amoranto,  Toribio 

Anahaw,  Domingo 

Andaya,  Emilia 

Andaya,  Perfecto 

Angeles,  Filomena 

Angeles,  Lucio  de  los 

Angeles,  S 

Angeles,  Teodora 

Angeles,  Tranquilino 

Angeles,  Valentin 

Afionuevo,  Manuel 

Afionuevo,  Maria  T 

Afionuevo,  Tranquilina 

Aquino,  Juan 

Aquino,  Macario 

Arambulo,  Estanislaoa 

Arambulo,  Esteban  K 

Arambulo,  Exequiel 

Arambulo,  Francisco 

Arambulo,  Ildefonso 

Arambulo,  Lazaro 

Arambulo,  Maria 

Arambulo,  Maria 

Arambulo,  Venancia 

Arambulo,  Vicenta 

Arceo,  Francisco —  ^ 

Arceo,  Maria 

Arceo,  Placido 

Arciaga,  Bonifacia 

Arciaga,  Modesta 

Arciaga,  Narciso 

Babasanta,  Engracio 

Babasanta,  Santiago 

Babilonia,  Gregoria 

Bailon,  Florencio 

Ballon,  Mariano 

Baltazar,  Miguel 

Bantatua,  Agaton 

Bantatua,  Anastasia 

Bantatua,  Angel 

Bantatua,  Damian 

Bantatua,  Marcel ino 

Bantatua,  Nicolas 

Bantatua,  Vicenta 

Barabara,  Margarita 

Baraquia,  Jacinto 

Baraquio,  Bonifacio 

Baraquio,  Cipriano 

Baraquio,  Hipolito 

B  araquio,  Perfecto 

Baraquio,  Sesenando 

Baraquio,  Tomas 

Baraquio,  Isidoro 

Barasnari,  Juan 

Barashari,  Ladislaoa 

Barashari,  Manuel 

Barashari,  Teodora 

Baricanosa,  Fortiinato 

Barientes,  Gregorio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 3185 
.2342 

6. 1418 
.1392 
.1645 
.3750 
.6630 

1. 0788 
.9042 
.1255 
.1833 
.1440 
.0617 
.1268 
.2300 
.1830 
.0810 
.5867 
.1380 
.0545 
.1396 

6. 9035 

7. 2230 
.0835 
.1660 

6. 7540 

.1975 

11. 0458 

.0810 

22. 9257 

24. 2928 

17.  4655 

.4832 

.2475 

.1825 

.1120 

8.  4685 
50. 7843 
19. 1412 
10.  0625 

3. 2888 
.1177 
.1515 

2. 2703 
.0525 
11. 7282 
.0905 
.2253 
.3102 

7. 3855 

.1705 

.4398 

.0942 

64. 9278 

9.  8162 
.0520 

6.  3133 

3.  2932 
84.  7633 

3. 7192 
.  1208 
.1100 
12. 8185 
.2292 
14.  5435 
.1358 
.2410 
.1857 
.3528 
.4840 
.1445 
.1080 
.3445 
.1105 
.  2(;50 

6. 2275 
.0770 
.2097 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS, 


123 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  Jiihj,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  e^c-  Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  esto^e— Continued. 

Barientes,  Jos6 , 

Barientes,  Paulina 

Barilamat,  Hermenegildo 

Barlao,  Benito 

Barlao,  Florentina 

Barlao,  Francisco 

Barlao,  Fructuoso 

Barlao,  Juana 

Barlao,  Sofronio  A 

Barrera,  Maximo 

BarretO)  Gregorio 

Barreto,  Maxima 

Barria,  Pelagio 

Barrinueva,  Eugenia 

Barrinuevo,  Catalina 

Barrinuevo,  Cipriano , 

Barrinuevo,  Florentino 

Barrinuevo,  Ignacia 

Barrinuevo,  Julian 

Barrinuevo,  M^ximino 

Barrinuevo,  Perfecto 

Barroma,  Escolastica 

Barroma,  Maxima , 

Barroso,  Cecilia , 

Bartolazo,  Mariano , 

Bartolazo,  Nicasio 

Bartolazo,  Pedro 

Bartolazo,  Ram^n 

Bartolazo,  Sinforoso 

Basaran,  Francisca 

Basaran,  Juliana 

Basbas,  Agapito 

Basb^s,  Aquilino 

Basb^,  Faustina 

Basbds,  Melecio 

Basbds,  Modesto 

Basbds,  Paulino 

Basbds,  Valentin , 

Basco,  Cirilo 

Basco,  Fausta 

Basco,  Marcela 

Basco,  Maria 

Basco,  Raymundo , 

Bascon,  Melecio 

Bascdn,  Petrona 

Bases,  Clemencia 

Basical,  A lejandra 

Basical,  Bonifacla 

Basila,  Bernardo 

Basila,  Gregorio 

Basila,  Sixto 

Bastilero,  Silvestre 

Basuan,  Pablo 

Batain,  Felix 

Batain,  Rafael 

Batalona,  Teodora 

Batallones,  Elena 

Batallones .  Lucas 

Batallones',  Sotero 

Batanes,  Epifania 

Batanes,  Julian 

Batiao,  Filomena 

Batiao,  Raymunda 

Batiao,  Filomena 

Batiller,  Narciso 

Batln,  Catalino 

Batin,  Macaria 

Batin,  Roberto 

Batino,  Antonio 

Batino,  Casimiro 

Batino,  Cirilo 

Batino,  Macario 

Batino,  Marcelo 

Batino,  Maria 

Batitis,  Antero 

Batitis,  Benedict© 

Batitis,  Francisco 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 2003 
.  1622 
1. 1883 
.1335 
.  0802 
.1330 
.1948 
.2787 
9.  6320 
.0735 
.5015 
.2588 
.1005 
.1027 
.0295 
.1673 
.6047 
.  2760 
.1675 
.2405 
.1618 
.0997 
.0915 
7.  0673 
.0790 
.0970 
.  5062 
.1528 
1. 2482 
.1268 

10. 7637 
.2440 
.  0908 
.1662 
.4645 
1. 2663 
.6297 
.2495 
.1708 
.1432 
.0425 
.1103 
.2250 
.0687 
.0930 
.  2408 
.2395 
.1027 
.0805 
.0775 
.1900 
.0988 
.  1160 
.  4280 
.2995 
.1472 
238. 5860 

20. 3735 

60. 3630 
.2370 
.1043 
.4010 
.1540 
.2075 
166. 0425 
.  0582 
.  2383 
.1890 
.6497 
.0508 
.0522 
.2115 
.0868 
.3087 
.2005 

12. 9260 
.0735 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate— Contmueil 

Batitis,  Manuel 

Batitis,  Maura 

Batitis,  Pedro 

Batitis,  Victoriana 

Batd,  Felix 

Batolina,  Esteban 

Batolino,  Lucio 

Batucal,  Agripina 

Batugal,  Alejandra 

Batugal,  Ambrosio 

Batugal,  Antonia 

Batugal,  Francisco 

Batugal,  Ledn 

Batugal,  Rosa 

Bauan,  Alejandro 

Bauan,  Mariano 

Bauiin,  Simona 

Bainosa,  Justa 

Bainosa,  Pedro 

Bainosa,  Severa 

Beato,  Augustin 

Bedoya,  Augustin 

Beiona,  Fernando 

Belo,  Bonifacio 

Belo,  Eugenio 

Beltran,  Simeon 

Benitez,  Bonifacia 

Becerro,  Francisca 

Bicierro,  Laureano 

Billena,  Vicente 

Bombasi,  Bartolom^ 

Bombasi ,  Crisanta 

Bombasi,  Felix 

Bombasi,  Pablo 

Bombasi,  Pablo 

Borja,  Basiliso  de 

Borja,  Severino  de 

Buenaventura,  Segunda 

Burgos,  Mariano 

Cabrojas,  Potonciano 

Caguihguin,  Marcelo 

Calimpdn,  Camilo 

Calimpdn,  Camilo 

Calimp6n,  Estanislao 

Calimp6n,  Francisco 

Camalian,  Francisco 

Camesa,  Miguela 

Camesa,  Segundo 

Oamitan,  Juana 

Caningasan,  Candelaria 

Caningasan,  Matea 

Canog,  Juana 

Canog,  Sabino 

Caparaz,  Aniceto 

Caparaz,  Eulalia 

Capricho,  Epifanio 

Capote,  Florentino 

Capsa,  Mateo 

Capua,  Petrona 

Capuchino,  Antera 

Capuchino,  Benito 

Capuchino,  Dominica 

Capuchino,  Emilio 

Capuchino,  Francisco 

Capuchino,  Jacoba 

Capuchino,  Juliana 

Capuchino ,  Lorenza 

Capuchino,  Maria 

Capuchino,  Pedro 

Capuchino,  Severino 

Capuchino,  Valent  n 

Capuchino ,  Vicente 

Capuchino,  Vicente 

Capugan,  Melecio 

Capugan,  Tito 

Capurrean,  Telesforo 

Capuzl,  Simeona 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


124 


ADMINISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  wkich  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate— -Continued. 

Capuzle,  Antonio 

Capuso,  Anastacio 

Capuso,  J3asilio 

Capuso,  Bernarda 

Capuso,  Isidro 

Capuso,  liosa 

Capuso,  Troadio 

Capusuilgari,  Ana 

Caputian,  Pedro 

Caputian,  Siinplicio 

Caquio,  Telagia 

Carait,  Vicente 

Caramay ,  Aniceta 

Caramay ,  Bernabe 

Caramay,  Cirilo 

Caramy ,  Policarpio 

Caramba,  Segunda 

Caramba,  Simeon 

Caramutan,  Antonio 

Caramutan,  Catalina 

Caramutan,  Jose. 

Caramutan,  Leocadia 

Caramutan,  Mariano 

Caramutan,  Matias 

Caramutan,  Teodora 

Caramutan,  Victoria 

Caran,  Candido 

Carapatan,  Domingo 

Carapatan,  Faustino 

Carapatan,  Jacinto 

Carapatan,  Juan 

Carapatan,  Maximo 

Carapatan,  Petra 

Carapatan,  Teodorica 

Carasco,  Alejandro 

Carasco,  Canuta 

Carasco,  Cornelio 

^  Carasco,  Donato 

'  Carasco,  Fausto 

Carvajai,  Eugenio 

Carvajal,  Filomeno 

Carvajai,  Julio 

Carvajal,  llosauro , 

Carballo,  Benita 

Carvallo,  Faustina 

Carvallo,  Julia 

Carvallo,  Marcela 

Carvallo,  Martina 

Carvallo,  Santiago 

Carvallo,  Tiburcio 

Cardenai,  Victorina 

Cardeno,  Bernardo 

Carlos,  Cirilo  A 

Caro,  Domingo , 

Caro,  Eusebio 

Caro,  Faustina 

Caro,  Juliana 

Caro,  Simona 

Carpena,  Agapito. 

Carpena,  Brigido 

Carpena,  Francisco 

Carpena,  German 

Carpena,  Manuel 

Carpena,  Mariano 

Carpena,  Nicanor 

Carpena,  Pedro 

Carpena  y  Catindig,  Pedro 

Carpena,  Petronilo 

Carpena,  Teodora 

Carpena,  Tomas 

Carpena,  Valentina 

Carpena,  Yreneo 

Carpo,  Agapito 

Carpo,  Benito 

Carpo,  Catalino 

Carpo,  Francisco 

Carpo,  Juan 

Carpo,  Leoneia 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 0857 
.1660 
1. 6755 
6. 7285 
.  0698 
.2050 
.4490 
.2017 
.0818 
.1340 
.1187 
.4043 

14. 1287 
.4528 
.4230 
.0617 
.1028 
.3737 
.4873 
.2060 
.2045 
.  2667 
9. 6880 
.  7965 
5. 0878 
.0800 
.  2037 
.2128 
.0057 
.  2025 
.1145 
4. 0795 
.  0790 
.  2503 
.2762 
.1573 
.0327 
.  2990 
.  1463 
.1830 
.  0625 
.1715 
.  1670 
.  0657 
.1020 
.  0610 
.0745 
.0488 
.0400 
.2315 
.1430 
.  4000 
3. 9502 
.  1513 
.1117 

10. 0320 

.  1750 

7. 6470 

39. 1105 
.  1525 
.  0800 
.  1305 
.  1153 

12. 3735 
.  1327 
.  1948 
.  0497 

17. 9718 
2.  4747 

16. 0805 

17. 1258 

17. 1345 
.  1385 
.1580 
.  1582 
.0678 
.0777 
.2340 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate — Continued. 

Carpo,  Lucio 

Carpo,  Marcelo 

Carpo,  Pablo 

Carpo,  Segundo 

Carpo,  Isidro 

Carta,  Agustina 

Carta,  Ciriaea 

Carta,  Emilio 

Carta,  Felipe 

Carta,  Jacinto 

Carta,  Juana 

Carta,  Margarita 

Carta,  Paulina 

Carta,  Pedro 

Carta,  Prudencio 

Carta,  Vicente 

Carta,  Ysidro 

Cartagena,  Benito 

Cartagena,  Concordia 

Cartagena,  Eugenia 

Cartagena,  Manuel 

Cartagena,  Miguel 

Cartagena,  Bosauro 

Cartagena,  Santos 

Cartago,  Dominga 

Cartago,  Ignacio 

Cartano,  Felix 

Cartano,  Eusebio 

Cartano,  Felix 

Cartano,  Hipolito 

Cartano,  Leon 

Cartesiano,  Agripino 

Cartesiano,  Doroteo 

Cartesiano,  Gregorio 

Cartesiano,  Juan 

Cartesiano,  Lucia 

Cartesiano,  Tomas 

Cartesiano,  Tranquilino 

Cartera,  Isidoro 

Casinda,  llaymundo 

Casinda,  Raymundo 

Casigon,  Gregorio 

Castellana,  Nicolasa 

Castillo,  Epifanio 

Castillo,  Mariano 

Castillo,  Tomds 

Castillo,  Toniasa 

Castro,  Bernardino  de 

Castro,  Juliana  de 

Castro,  Perpetua  de 

Castro,  Regina  de 

Castro,  Roque  de 

Castro,  Victoria  de 

Casubuan,  Bibiana 

Casubuan,  Juan 

Casupang,  Francisco 

Casupang,  Guillermo 

Catagan,  Antonio 

Catindig,  Agustin 

Catindig,  Bonita 

Catindig,  Epifanio 

Catindig,  Juan,  jr 

Catindig,  Juan,  sr 

Catindig,  Leoncio 

Catindig,  Marcos 

Catindig,  Melchor 

Catindig,  Modesto , 

Catindig,  Nicolas 

Catindig,  Pedro 

Catindig,  Pioquinto , 

Catindig,  Salvador , 

Catindig,  Valeriano , 

Catindig,  Isidoro 

Cerbo,  Eduardo 

Cervantes,  Bernardo 

Cervantes,  Jos6 

Cervantes,  Luis 


I'arcols 

pur 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 1273 

.  5227 

30. 3285 

.3885 

.1473 

4.5397 
.2505 

6. 0965 
.0770 
.4840 
.1185 

7. 7656 

4. 4718 
.  2617 
.3405 
20. 4618 
.  3330 
.1120 

9. 9327 

.  0785 

14. 7288 

6. 3305 

5. 4682 
21. 9563 

6. 6650 
.  1422 
.3623 
.1152 
.  2993 
.1477 
.3845 
.1585 
1.50.8100 
90. 1063 

8. 9092 

4. 2235 
.2070 
.  4933 
.1137 
.0715 
.1300 
.1308 
.0612 
.  4970 
.1638 
.2377 
19. 1043 
.4370 
.  1695 
.  4130 
.1295 

1.0795 
.2715 
.1302 
.1428 
.4040 
.4377 
.  3590 
.0808 
.2392 
.1463 
.1287 

4. 6253 
.  0825 

2. 8490 
.  1717 
.  3013 
.0707 
.1245 
.2843 

7. 4625 
.  15()2 
.  1S25 
.1765 

6. 7943 

.1002 

10. 0490 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


125 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of^  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate — Continued, 


Claro,  Flora 

Claros,  Dorotea 

Claros,  Tomas 

Completo,  Antonia 

Conipleto,  Crisanta 

Completo,  Lucia 

Completo,  Maria 

Completo,  Pantaleon.. 

Concepcidn,  Maria 

Constantino,  Tom4s . . . 

Corcueva,  Natalio 

Coronel,  Domingo 

Coronel,  Emilia 

Coronel,  Gregporio 

Cortuna,  Dionisio 

Cose,  Gregorio 

Cose,  Juana 

Cose,  Simplicia 

Cruz,  Alberto  de  la 

Cruz,  Cornelio 

Cruz,  Crisanta  F 

Cruz,  Isaac  de  la 

Credo,  Felipa 

Creo,  Gregorio 

Crisdlogo,  Manuela 

Crisdlogo,  Ambrosio... 

Crisdlogo,  Benito 

Cuevas,  Celedonio 

Cuevas,  Feliciana 

Cuevas,  German 

Cuevas,  Maximino 

Cuevas,  Perpetuo 

Custodio,  Olimpia 

Custodio,  Ruiino 

Decena,  Benito 

Delfino,  Dominador. . . 

Delfino,  Emilia 

Delfino,  Tomasa 

Delmo,  Agat6n 

Delmo,  Anatalia 

Delmo,  Filomeno 

Delmo,  Vicenta 

Desengano,  Pedro 

Dfa,  Ambrosio 

I31a,  Angel 

Dla,  Apolonio 

DIa,  Eustaquio 

Dla,  Maria 

Dfa,  Francisca 

Dla,  Rufmo 

Dia,  Silvestra 

Diasanta,  Martin 

Diaz,  Andres 

Diaz,  Lucio 

Diaz,  Macario 

Diaz,  Melecio 

Diaz,  Nicolas 

Dicayanan,  Guillermo. 

Dichi,  Apolonia 

Dichi,  Tom^s 

Dicliososo,  Cipriano 

Dichososo,  Felipa 

Dichososo,  Filomena... 

Dichososo,  Le6n 

Dichososo,  Sinforoso... 

Dichososo,  Isidro 

Dictado,  Camilo 

Dictado,  Dionicio , 

Dictado,  Victorino 

Dimaranan,  Pedro 

Diola,  Micaola 

Diolo,  Valeriano 

Distajo,  Anacleto 

Dizon,  Agripino 

Dizou,  Angel 

Dizon,  Bernardo ....."! 
Bizon,  Fortunato 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


3. 7378 
.  0792 
.0878 
.2102 
.1753 
.0835 
.1767 

10. 1933 
4.8727 
.0690 
.3753 
1.3095 
.  0655 
.  5985 
.0608 

11.  8745 
.  1265 
4. 0687 
.  0735 
.2300 
3.  5600 
.1790 
.2125 
.2180 

19. 1153 
.  1657 
.  2930 
.  4275 
.  29t;0 
.  1985 
.2550 
.1640 
.  0850 

13.  4618 
.1742 

21.2145 

15. 4705 
9.  8925 
.  2263 
.3135 
.2102 
.1943 
.  1585 
.  0597 
.0680 

10.  9610 
.2210 
.  1935 
8.  7548 
.  1967 
2.  3845 
.  0975 
2.  5933 
.  2570 
.7842 
.  2678 
.  3872 
.  1938 
.2115 
.  1887 
.  0885 
.  1 358 
.0942 
.  1410 
.2398 
.  0242 
.1605 
.  5455 

12,6830 
2. 1535 
.1628 
.1007 
.1158 
.1282 
4. 9768 
.0582 
.0765 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate— Continued, 

Dizon,  Jacoba 

Dizon,  Jose 

Dizon,  Petronilo 

Donato,  Dominga 

Duarte,  Agripina 

Duarte,  Casirairo 

Duartp,  Doroteo 

Duarte,  Estanislao 

Duarte,  Francisco 

Duarte,  Gregoria 

Duarte,  Isidoro 

Duarte,  Pedro 

Duarte,  Zacarias 

Encina,  Emiliano 

Encina,  Felipe 

Encina,  Pascuala 

Enema,  Pedro 

Encina,  Policarpia 

Encina,  Policarpo 

Encina,  Roman 

Encina,  Simeona 

Encina,  Teresa 

Endrinal,  Gregorio 

Endrinal,  Mariano 

Endrinal,  Valentin  V 

Enriquez,  Leon 

Entena,  Alejandra 

Entena,  Andres 

Entena,  Jose 

Entena,  Maria 

Entena,  Melecio 

Entena,  Narciso 

Entena,  Valeriano 

Entrada,  Emiliana 

Entrada,  Lucas 

Entrada,  Prudencio 

Era,  Estanislao 

Erafia,  Pedro 

Ercita,  Claudio 

Ercita,  Felix 

Ercita,  Laureana 

Ercita,  Pedro 

Escosura,  Aguedo 

Escosura,  Celestino 

Escosura,  Cornelio 

Escosura,  H  ipolito 

Escosura,  Petra 

Escultor,  Santos 

Ermlta,Pfo 

E  rmita,  Teodosia 

Esguerra,  Pedro 

Espejo,  Francisco 

E spinas,  Buenaventura 

Espinas,  Fidel 

Esplritu,  Brigida 

Espiritu,  Santiago 

Evangelista,  Antonio 

Evangelista,  Juan 

Factorisa,  Angel 

Factoriza,  Cornelio 

Fastidio,  Andres 

Fatiga,  Agustina 

Faustino,  Justo 

Faijo,  Gregorio 

Flores,  Getrudes 

Flores,  Jacobo 

Flores,  Maria 

Fortuno,  Calixto 

Francisco,  Jacinto 

Franco,  Elena 

Galicia,  Cipriano 

Galicia,  Honorio 

Galicia,  Marcelino 

Galicia,  Teodora , 

Galicia,  Toribio 

Gana,  Mariano 

Gatita,  I^orenzo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


126 


ABMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   lANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July^  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate— Continued 

Garcia.  Balbino 

Garcia,  Francisco 

Garcia,  Juan 

Garcia,  Maria 

Garcia,  Mariano 

Garcia,  Nicolas 

Garcia,  Petrona 

Garcia,  Rosendo 

Genava,  Isidore 

Gepa,  Tomils 

Gestoso,  Eugenio 

Gestoso,  Ger6nimo 

Getape,  Marcelo 

Getape,  Miguel 

Gicana,  Miguel 

Gotatco,  Maria 

G6tica,  In6s 

Gdmez,  Petrona 

Gonzales,  Antonio 

Gonzales,  Basilio 

Gonzales,  Ksteban 

Gonzales,  Francisco 

Gonzales,  Filoinena 

Gonzales,  Francisco 

Gonzales,  Manuel 

Gonzales,  Miguel 

Guactie,  Victoriano 

Guarico,  Hilario , 

Guerta,  Prudencio , 

Guerta,  Rufino 

Guerta,  Tomls 

Gulay ,  Candido 

Gulay,  Eufemia 

Gulay,  Julian 

Gulay,  Mateo , 

Gulay,  Marcelo , 

Gulay,  Modesto , 

Gulay,  Santiago , 

Gulay,  Isidro 

Gulay,  Victoriano 

Guzmdn,  Camilo  de 

GuzmAn,  Camilo  de 

Guzman,  Crispulo  de 

Guzmdn,  Eusebio  de 

Guzman,  Eustaquio  de 

Guzmdn,  Eustaquio  de 

GuzmAn,  Gregorio  de 

Guzmdn,  Gregorio  de , 

Guzman,  Luis  de 

Guzman,  Maxim iano  de 

Guzmdn,  Pascuala  de , 

Gazman,  Pedro  de 

Guzmdn,  Ursula  de 

Guzmdn,  Ursula  de , 

Guzman,  Vicente  de 

Hermita,  Romdn 

Hermosa,  Susara 

Hermosa,  Cornelio , 

Hermosa,  Daniel 

Hermosa,  Dolores 

Hermosa,  Filomeno 

Hermosa,  Jacinta 

Hermosa,  Victoria 

Hernandez,  Canute 

Hernandez,  Dionicia , 

Hernandez,  Lorenzo 

Hernandez,  Sime6n , 

Hoy,  Cecilia 

Honco,  Dorotea 

Iloilo,  Juana , 

Imbutin,  Gregorio , 

Infante,  Juan 

Infante,  Pablo , 

Jazmin,  Arcadio  de 

Jeramias,  Cipriano 

Jesiis,  Benito  d^ 

Je^s,  Juana  de 

Jimenez,  Saturnine 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0.0770 
.1298 
.3652 
.  1865 
.5848 

1. 9547 
.  1248 
.7592 
.0905 
.  1430 

1. 2328 
.  4380 
.  1725 
.  1605 
.1105 
.  0665 
.1127 
43. 4968 
89. 6630 
.7942 
.  1253 
47.3835 
.  2060 
.  8227 
.0808 
.1075 
.  6637 
.1478 
.  1425 
.0797 
.  2273 
.  1495 
.  2917 
.2335 
.  4605 
.4080 
.  2685 
.  1568 
.  2255 
.0697 
.0938 
.0880 
.0402 
17. 4688 

7. 7697 
.  2085 

1.  5858 

3. 0487 
.0843 

3. 3802 
.0875 

6.  6895 

52. 3180 

65. 5660 

22. 8330 

.  1415 

.2770 

.3253 

.1072 

.  2905 

.0883 

1.  4937 
.0718 
.7375 
.  0590 

6. 9587 
.5810 
.  2073 
.0805 
.2877 
.1190 
.  13t>0 
.6605 
.2940 

2. 2090 
.  0805 
.  1023 

6.  7330 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate—ContinuQd. 

Jupiter,  Francisco , 

Justo,  Le(5n 

Lacerna,  Feliciana 

Lacerna,  Felipe 

Lacerna,  Lucia 

Lacerna,  Margarita 

Lacerna,  Romana 

Lacerna,  Romana 

Lacida,  Jos6 

Lacida,  Sim6n 

Lanaca,  Valentin , 

Landato,  Servando 

Laranga  Lorenza 

Lasa,  Alejandro 

Lasa,  Felice 

Lasa,  Fernando 

Lasa,  Francisco 

Lasa,  Honoria 

Lasa,  Lucio 

Lasa,  Margarita 

Lasa,  Modesto 

Lasaga,  Albino 

Lasaga,  Domingo 

Lasaga,  Felix 

Lasaga,  Felisa 

Lasaga,  Felisa 

Lasaga,  Fernando 

Lasaga,  Gregoria 

Lasaga,  Gregorio 

Lasaga,  Isidoro 

Lasaga,  Matea 

Lasaga,  Matea 

Lasaga,  Pedro 

Lasaga,  Raymundo 

Lasaga,  Saturnino 

Lasao,  Martin 

Lasao,  Modesto 

Lasao,  Romualdo 

Lasao,  Teodora 

Lascay ,  Alberto 

Latorre,  Alejo 

Latorre,  Feliciano 

Latorre,  Susana 

Lauagan,  Simplicio 

Laudato,  Estanislao 

Laudato,  Flaviano 

Laudato,  Praxedes 

Laudato,  Servando 

Laurel,  Ladislaoa 

Laurel,  Pio , 

Lavador,  Benedicta , 

Layog,  Deogracias 

Layon,  Catalina 

Layon,  Teodorico 

Layoso,  Bonifacio 

Layoso,  Eulogia 

Layoso,  Juan 

Layugan,  Maria 

Lazarte,  Agustin 

Lazarte,  Bonifacio 

Lazarte,  Espirididn 

Lazarte,  Patricio 

Lazarte,  Teodora 

Lazo,  Anselmo 

League,  Jos^  E 

League,  Tom4s 

Lechuga,  Francisco 

Lechuga,  Higino 

Lechuga,  Juan 

Lechuga,  Tranquilino 

Le6n,  Domingo  de 

Le6n,  Matilde  de 

Le6n,  Paulino  de 

Lera,  Agustin 

Leyco,  Marcelo 

Liangco,  Marcelino 

Liangco,  Pablo 

Libas,  Miguel 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


127 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Santa  Rosa  gs^fe— Continued. 

Licmuan,  Celestino 

Licmuan ,  Elias 

Lijaoco,  Angel 

Lijaoco,  Angel 

Lijaoco,  Antonio 

Lijaoco,  Caniila 

Lijaoco,  Emilia 

Lijaoco,  Ireneo 

Lijaoco,  Perfecta 

Lijaoco,  Petrona 

Lijaoco,  Teodora. 

Limcaoco,  Nicolas 

Linda,  Eugenia 

Liza,  Paulino  de 

Loyola,  Matea  de 

Lopez,  Eleuterio 

Lopez,  Francisco 

Lopez,  Mariano 

Lucero,  Antonia 

Lucero,  Gregorio 

Lucero,  Marta 

Lucero,  Rayraunda 

Lucero,  Segunda 

Lugar,  Isidra 

Luria,  Isaac  de 

Magante,  Felipe 

Magaya,  Isabelo 

Malabanan,  Marcelina 

Malapitan,  Agustina 

Malapitan,  Carlos 

Malapitan ,  Ivorenzo 

Malapitan,  Maria 

Malapitan,  Nemesio 

Malapitan,  Roque 

Malapitan,  Tomas 

Maldonado,  Basilia 

Maldonado,  D4maso 

Maldonado,  Donato 

Maldonado,  Mariano 

Maldonado,  Mateo 

Maldonado,  Mateo 

Maldonado,  Narciso 

Maldonado,  Sofia 

Maldonado,  Sofia 

Maldonado,  Valentin 

Manacea,  Teodorico 

Manalo,  Martin 

Manalo,  Fausto 

Manay,  Fausta 

Mand'ala,  Damiana 

Mandala,  Marcos 

Man6,  Antonio 

Man6,  Domingo 

Man6,  Miguela 

Man6,  Simplicio 

Mangahes,  Agripino 

Mangahis,  Calixta 

Mangahis,  Gerardo 

Mafigahis,  Leonarda 

Mangahis,  Manuel 

Mangahis,  Marta 

Mangahis,  Santiago 

Mangueron,  Julia. 

Mangueron,  Teodoro 

Manguerra,  Daniel 

Manguerra,  Dominga 

Manguerra,  Feliciano 

Manguerra,  Gregorio 

Manguerra,  Maria 

Manguerra,  Melit6n 

Manguerra,  Mercedes 

Manguerra,  Pablo 

Manguerra,  Pascual  A 

Manguerra  y  Capuchino,  Ru- 

fino 

Manguerra,  Rufino 

Manguerra,  Santiago 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 1083 
.3182 
.1060 

3.  5928 
56.  3705 

.  2112 

90.  4698 

.0522 

39.  4588 

.1065 

60.  7777 

48.  6878 

.0467 

.1930 

.1595 

.0225 

6.  0873 

14.  0562 

.2060 

.  1048 

.2000 

.1702 

11.  6235 

.2255 

.0825 

.1873 

.0915 

.1180 

.1135 

.0075 

8.  3410 

.0925 

.  0862 

.  0393 

8. 3922 

6.  4450 

.2775 

.0748 

.0910 

.  3512 

.  0705 

.  2610 

4.  8275 
11.0178 

.6090 
.  3125 
.2890 
.  2355 
.  1342 
.1795 
.  1978 
.  1660 
.  2005 
.  1555 
.  1497 
.  3760 
.  0(i25 
.  0413 
28.  9330 
.0445 
.  0697 
.0720 
.  1203 
.  1095 
.  2135 
.  0492 
5. 0265 
.  0825 
65.  3685 
.  0898 
6. 2785 
9. 2445 
.0972 

6.7080 
.1510 
.0843 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate — Continued, 

Manguerra,  Teodosia 

Manguerra,  Valentin 

Manila  R.  R,  Co 

Maquibolan,  Luciano 

MaquiHng,  B14s 

Marquez,  Nicacia 

Masante,  Francisco 

Mata,  Pablo  de 

Mataro,  Jos6 

Mataro,  Ciriaco 

Matias,  Felipe 

Martinez,  Eleuterio 

Martinez,  Gregoria 

Medina,  Pedro 

Medina,  Ignacio 

Mesa,  Dolores  de 

Mesa,  Dominga  de 

Mesa,  Eugenio  de 

Mesa,  Eustaqula  de 

Mesa,  Florentino  de 

Mesa,  Julio  de 

Mesa,  Ledn  de 

Miller,  Z.K ;..'.'; 

Minardo,  Leoncia 

Minguez,  Felix  de 

Miquigqulne,  Florentina 

Miranda,  Bernabela 

Miranda,  Bernabela 

Miyano,  Canuto [. 

Mojica,  Natalia 

Moldes,  Anastasio 

Monteverde,  Bonifacio  de 

Morales,  Aleja 

Morales,  Leonclo 

Morales,  Lucia 

Morales,  Inds 

Munciao,  Francisca 

Munciao,  Isidro ] . 

Munciao,  Tedflla 

Mundo,  Nicasla  del 

Nasaan,  Timoteo 

Nativldad,  Roque 

Naval,  Juan 

Navea,  Brlgida 

Navea,  Concepcibn 

Navea,  Mariano 

Navea,  Miguel 

Navea,  Santiago 

Navea,    Santiago   and  J.  E. 

League 

Nepomuceno,  Luciano 

Napomuceno,  Plo 

Nepomuceno,  Tomasa 

Nevalga,  FeJipe 

Ocampo,  Edllberto 

Ocampo,  Francisco 

Ocampo,  G 

Ocampo,  Marco  Y.  de 

Ocampo,  Ram6n 

Ochoa,  Leonclo 

Olaria,  Vicente 

Oripol,  Alfonso 

Oripol,  Pio 

Ortega,  Cornelia 

Pabanel,  Marta ; 

Pabilla,  Valentin 

Pablo,  Andres 

Paco,  Basilio 

Paco,  Eugenio 

Padua,  Catalina 

Padua,  Claro 

Pafiganiban,  Dalmacio 

Papag,  Agueda 

Papag,  Dionicio 

Papag,  Florencia 

Papag,  Marcos 

Papag,  Nicasio 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 0820 
.0870 
43. 2857 
.2165 
.1410 
.1010 
.2485 
.1590 
.1055 
.2433 
.2137 
.0978 
.  1695 
.0180 
.1000 

9. 9955 

2.  2430 
12.6797 
11.4205 

6. 2420 
.0853 
.1857 
160. 4968 
.1320 
.0810 
.0317 

6.2640 

1. 3935 
.1105 
.1135 
16. 0078 
.0825 
.  6372 
.1373 
.0407 
.0460 

9. 4298 
39. 8065 
24. 7935 
.1492 
.  0833 
.0920 
.0652 
.2433 

6. 9702 
.1935 

4. 3213 
.0817 

3. 3530 

4. 6890 

.1275 

72. 5690 

6. 0780 

8. 0975 

9.1385 

22. 0925 

9. 5613 

7. 9697 

.4450 

.1158 

.3950 

.4752 

.0050 

8. 6320 

.2543 

.0790 


7.9007 
.0600 
.4198 
.1462 
.0593 
.1285 
.0430 
.1190 


128 


ADMINISTEATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased 


Area  (in 
acres). 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


Santa  Rosa  estate—Contmued 

Papag,  Pablo 

Papag,  Vicente 

Papagayo,  Knlogia 

Papagayo,  Francisco 

Papagayo,  Juana 

Papagayo,  Lucena 

Papagayo,  Segundo 

Papagayo,  Valeriano. 

Parasa,  Dionisio 

Parasa,  Francisca. 

Parasa,  Valentin 

Partera,  Isidro 

Pasco,  Alberto 

Pastilero,  Mateo 

Patag,  Joaquin 

Patapat,  Basilio 

Patiam,  Bernardino 

Patiam,  Eugenio 

Perez,  Martin 

Perez,  Pedro 

Perez,  Petra 

Pedalgon,  Faustina 

Periodico,  Maria 

Perlas,  Mariano 

Perlas,  Mariano,  and  Angeles, 

Teodora 

Perlas,  Pablo 

Perlas,  Pedro  Teafio 

Perlas,  Ricardo 

Pulido,  Olaudio 

Pulido,  Saturnino 

Pulido,  Sotero 

Quintos,  P]pifania 

Quintos,  Julian 

Quintos,  Ignaeio 

Quiiaones,  Pedro 

Rafael,  Apolino 

Ramirez,  Saturnino 

Ramos,  Candida 

Ramos,  Cipriano 

Ramos,  Clara 

Ramos,  Eugenio 

Ramos,  Francisco 

Ramos,  Marcelino 

Ramos,  Pedro 

Ramos,  Pedro,  Jr 

Ramos,  Siraplicio 

Recona,  Juan 

Recona,  Roman 

Requina,  T^enigno 

Requina,  Cornelio 

Reyes,  B albino  de  los 

Reyes,  Benito  de  los 

Reyes,  Deogracias  de  los 

Reyes,  Domingo  de  los 

Reyes,  Eladio  de  los 

Reyes,  Flaviano 

Reyes,  Gregorio  Babasanta. . . 

Reyes,  Gregorio  de  los 

Reyes,  II.  de  los 

Reyes,  Joaquina  de  los 

Reyes,  Ivueio  de  los 

Reyes,  Maria 

Reyes,  Martina  de  los 

Reyes,  Pascual 

Reyes,  Policarpio  de  los 

Reyes,  Rosa  de  los 

Reyes,  Timoteo  de  los 

Reyes,  Victorina  de  los 

Rianzares,  Ana  B 

Rico,  Bl&s 

Rico,  Candido 

Rico,  Catalino 

Rico,  Jos6  

Rico,  Manuela 

Rico,  Francisca 

Rivera,  Gavina 


0.150O 
.0572 
.  4858 
.  0G92 

5. 1540 

.2740 

14.7060 

1.  0628 
.  2677 
.2008 
.0935 
.1170 
.2410 
.  2497 

5.  0095 
.2178 
.3180 
.1470 
.3120 
.  1862 
.7050 
.1065 
.1823 
17.  4382 

16.  4850 

164.  4250 

832.  7798 

19. 2855 

18. 8980 

.0917 

.  1085 

.0495 

.7098 

.  1235 

.2872 

.1098 

.1572 

.1975 

.2170 

.1308 

.1425 

.  1662 

.0790 

.  3788 

.1247 

.1713 

.  3695 

4. 5985 

.1242 

.2510 

.  1593 

7. 9022 

.2640 

6. 3773 

3. 6230 

1.4627 

.  1643 

.2270 

.1070 

.1597 

.  1493 

32. 4847 

.  0633 

.1397 

.1390 

8. 2045 

.2488 

86.  7992 

14.2700 

.0793 

.0860 

.0987 

.0863 

.1695 

.1237 

15.3538 


Santa  Rosa  estate— Continued 

Rivera,  Manuela 

Rivera,  Nicolas 

Rivera,  Oligario 

Rivera,  Ignacia 

Rizal,  Jose 

Ronquillo,  Pantaleon 

Roque,  Maria 

Rosenberg,  Harry 

Rumbon,  Bernardino 

Saban,  Hospicio 

Saban,  Leonora 

Saban,  Pablo 

Salamat,  Dominga 

Salamat,  Tomasa 

Salgado,  Fausto 

Saloiiga,  Antonio 

Salonga,  Epifanio 

Saloiiga,  Eugenia 

Salonga,  Felisa 

Salvador,  Simedn 

Santos,  Donata  delos 

Santos,  Francisco  de  los 

Santos,  Hermenegildo  de  los. 

Santos,  Santiago  de  los 

Sarmiento,  Estanislao 

Sarmiento,  Felipa 

Satsatin,  Estanislao 

Satsatin,  Raf aela 

Satsatin,  Victorio 

Saual,  Monico 

Sauco,  Miguel 

Saul,  Juan 

Sayao,  Pedro 

Seles,  Felix 

Serrano,  Basilia 

Serrano,  Julio 

Servo,  Agustina 

Servo,  Pedro 

Silva,  Adela 

Simon,  Meiecio 

Sison,  J^enito 

Sison,  I^midio 

Talibsao,  Juan 

Tamayo,  Florentino 

Tanchico,  Mariano 

Tansiangco,  Dolores 

Tabingco,  Francisco 

Tapacan,  Laureana 

Tapangco,  Cayetano 

Tapay ,  Lucia 

Tardeo  y  Catindig,  Casimiro. 

Tardeo,  Casimiro  Lasaga 

Tatlonghari,  Bonifacio 

Tatlonghari,  Bonifacio 

Tatlonghari,  Carlosa 

Tatlonghari,  Felix 

Tatlonghari,  Felix  Barera. . . 

Tatlonghari,  Gervacio 

Tatlonghari,  Juan 

Tatlonghari,  Valeriano 

Tatlongmaria,  Cipriano 

Tatlongmaria,  Eustaquia 

Tatlongmaria,  Macaria 

Tatlongmaria,  Marta 

Tatlongmaria,  Vicente 

Tayag,  Epifanio 

Tenorio,  C'asimiro 

Tenorio,  Diega 

Tenorio,  Francisca 

Tenorio,  Francisco 

Tenorio,  Luciano 

Tenorio,  Vicente 

Tenorio,  Victoriano 

Tibay,  Calixto 

Tibay,Tom4s 

Teopisto,  Apolonio 

Tiongco,  Ana 


0. 1217 
12. 6925 
.  2160 
24. 8588 
7.3152 
.1555 
.1258 
3, 489. 7022 
.0450 
.1635 
.1738 
.0755 
.  0237 
.0680 
.0753 
.1635 
18. 4815 
15. 2287 
10. 4870 
.1145 
.1540 
3.4790 
.0445 
.1028 
.5200 
.0767 
.1610 
.2548 
.1395 
.3650 
.1047 
7. 0968 
10.  85(>5 
.1155 
.  1657 
.1573 
.2967 
.0805 
8.  8460 
.6543 
.0622 
.0800 
.2036 
.1700 
.2035 
.1230 
.1493 
.2380 
.  2355 
.0730 
.0905 
.0985 
.0262 
6. 1785 
.5145 
.9115 
.0245 
.0607 
.2070 
.  0685 
.  0432 
.1703 
.  1005 
.3395 
.1072 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


129 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Santa  Rosa  estate— Contmced. 

Tiongco,  Basilisa 

Tiongco,  Celerino 

Tiongco,  E 

Tiongco,  Felisberto 

Tiongco,  Franeisca 

Tiongco,  Francisco , 

Tiongco,  Gregorio , 

Tiongco,  1 1  onorio 

Tiongco,  Lorenza 

Tiongco,  Lorenzo 

Tiongco,  de  Zabalia  Maria 

Tiongco,  M ariano 

Tiongco,  Mercedes 

Tiongco,  Romana 

Torres,  Serapia 

Trinidad,  Arcadio 

Trinidad,  Benita 

Trinidad,  Pedro 

Ulbino,  I  lilaria 

Urbina,  Ilipolito 

Valdes,  Buenaventura 

Valdos,  Buenaventura 

Valenzuela,  Andres 

Valenzuela,  Casimiro 

Vallejo,  Delfln 

Vallejo,  Ponciano 

Vasco,  Ruflna 

Vasila,  Franeisca 

Vejo,  Marcos 

Velandrez,  Ilermanegildo 

Velandrez,  Lucio 

Velandrez,  Maria 

Velarde,  Antonia 

Velasco,  Dionicio 

Velasco,  Eleuterio 

Velasco,  Juan 

Vergara,  Bernabe 

Vergara,  Eusebia 

Vergara,  Justina 

Vergara,  Santiago 

Vicunco,  Sixto. 

Villadiego,  Cornelia 

Villadiego,  Tomas 

Villanueva,  Arcadio 

Villanueva,  Isidoro 

Villanueva,  Leonardo 

Virtusio,  Basilisa 

Yambao,  Damiana 

Yambao,  Emilio 

Yambao,  Teodora 

Yambao,  Gavino 

Yaptinchay,  Guido 

Yaptinchay,  Josefa 

Yaptinchay,  Maria , 

Yason,  Agapito 

Yason,  Maria , 

Zamora,  Anacleta 

Zamora,  Candida 

Zamora,  Eulogia 

Zamora,  Florencio , 

Zamora,  Man'uela 

Zaanora,  Simona 

Zavalla,  Andres 

Zavalla,  Angel 

Zavalla,  Clara 

Zavalla,  Domingo 

Zavalla,  Esperanza 

Zavalla,  Felisa 

Zavalla,  Jacinta 

Zavalla,  Maria  Tongco 

Zavalla,  Paula 

Zavalla,  Pedro 

Zavalla,  Ramdn 

Zavalla,  E  osauro 

Zavalla,  Teodoro 

1,174    purchasers;     1,992 
sales;  10,370.047  acres. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased 


Area  (in 
acres). 


3 

13.  8328 

3 

19. 8280 

4 

17. 8897 

4 

34. 8445 

3 

31.  5313 

1 

4.  6207 

4 

22. 7843 

3 

15. 4522 

1 

1.  2040 

3 

8.  5523 

2 

16. 3722 

1 

.1548 

1 

10. 1697 

3 

29.  2370 

1 

.2850 

1 

19. 6785 

3 

9. 3553 

4 

27. 9587 

1 

.3028 

1 

.0985 

1 

.4200 

1 

.7627 

1 

1. 7798 

1 

.5270 

12 

80. 0840 

5 

40. 0500 

1 

.0997 

1 

.5940 

1 

.3243 

1 

.  0617 

1 

.0528 

1 

.0625 

1 

.  0625 

3 

.6102 

5 

26. 8380 

2 

.2795 

1 

.1015 

1 

.1930 

1 

.1663 

1 

.1402 

1 

.1293 

2 

2. 6265 

1 

1. 1607 

2 

.  3355 

1 

.2113 

1 

.  1430 

1 

4. 9552 

1 

.4890 

1 

.0993 

1 

.0805 

1 

.0852 

1 

4. 9565 

1 

10. 4468 

3 

18.  2692 

1 

.3948 

1 

.1360 

4 

1. 5937 

1 

.1333 

1 

.1285 

1 

.0440 

1 

.1385 

1 

.1045 

48 

302. 7585 

18 

129.  9122 

2 

10.  6595 

1 

.  1090 

4 

31. 4773 

3 

27.  7517 

3 

33.  0925 

2 

13. 8335 

3 

28.  3385 

3 

16. 3658 

3 

19.  5462 

3 

22. 1385 

2 

16. 9375 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Tola  estate. 

Acuiia,  Francisco 

Acuila,  Juan 

Adona,  Roman 

Alarcon,  Martin 

Alberto,  Mariano 

Alberto,  Pantaleona 

Alpas  de  la  Cruz,  Tomas. 

Alti veros,  Miguel 

Andr4s,  Claudio  San 

Andres,  Juan  San , 

Andres,  Saturnino  San.. 
Angeles,  Casimiro  de  los. 

Angeles,  Geronimo 

Aquino,  Teodora 

Araneta,  Apolinaria . 

Arias,  Florentino , 

Atanasio,  Anacleto 

Atanasio,  Esleban 

Atansio,  Pedro 

Austria,  Fulgencio 

Austria,  Marcos , 

Austria,  Mateo 

Austria,  Rufina 

Avelino,  Laureano 

Bacao,  Tomas 

Bailon,  Rom  ana 

Bartolome,  Martin 

Baldomero,  Pedro 

Bargas,  Agapito 

Bargaya,  Antonio 

Barcibal,  Maximo 

Bartolome,  Fabian 

Bautista,  Calixto 

Bautista,  Mariano 

Bautista,  Nicolas 

Bautista,  Vincente 

Bautista,  Victor 

Belza,  Laureano 

Belza,  Jjaureano 

Benedicto,  Bernardo 

Bernabe,  Andres 

Bernabe,  Benito 

Bernabe,  Samuel 

Bernabe,  Marcelino 

Bernardino,  Atanasia... 

Bernardino,  Patricio 

Bernardino,  Rosa 

Bernardino,  Rufino 

Bernardino,  Silvastre. . . 
Biglangaw^a,  Roberto... 

Blanco,  Dionisio 

Bollas,  Januario .... 

Berdador,  Eustaquio . . . 
Buenaventura,  Macaria. 

Buendia,  Maria 

Calderon,  Jufm 

Candido,  Rufino 

Cantillon ,  Maria 

Carreon,  Venancio 

Castillo,  Anastasio  del. . 

Cerdefia,  Celestina 

Cinco,  Buenaventura  T. 

Clemente,  Alejandra 

Clemente,  Felix 

Clemente,  Juan  J 

Clemente,  Pedro 

Cleofas,  Teodoro 

Constantino,  Arcadio... 

Contreras,  Ignacio 

Contreras^  Teodoro 

Cruz,  Alejandro  de  la... 

Cruz,  Alipio  de  la 

Cruz,  Atanasia  de 

Cruz,  Basilio  de  la 

Cruz,  Bonifasia  de  la 

Cruz,  Cirilo  M 

Cruz,  Crispulo  de  la 


Area  in 
acres. 


5. 4100 

5.  4780 

37.  8375 

6. 8440 

1.3153 

.  7557 

2. 8333 

49. 3395 

2. 4665 

5. 3137 

14.2370 

3.  7915 

25.  2568 

13. 6517 

24.  6050 

35.5788 

.2947 

11. 8480 

16. 9702 

10. 7590 

.1880 

23.8200 

.5703 

2. 4262 

8. 5608 

28.  6197 

35.9920 

22. 0103 

.  6686 

5.5555 

9. 4225 

14.  3137 

15.  4788 
4. 2105 
7. 9550 
6. 7702 

17.3880 

6. 1040 

9. 3813 

9. 8602 

17.3410 

1. 1423 

2. 6482 

6.5345 

9. 7630 

7. 4335 

4. 4715 

2. 6198 

5. 2947 

18.  4008 

6. 8323 

11.6015 

11. 7258 

1.0595 

1,531.2562 

.  4945 

17.3753 

2. 7255 

25. 3730 

5. 3565 

24. 7007 

CO. 9633 

6.3015 

32. 3247 

22. 5348 

3. 7837 

.8933 

108.  6992 

10.  5235 

12.7163 

14. 5945 

.  9655 

.3107 

43.  6283 

15. 1802 

.3355 

6.8575 


130 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  Slst  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Tola  estate— Coniimied, 


Cruz,  Domingo  de  la 

Cruz,  Dantes  Domingo  de  la.. 

Cruz,  Eduardo  de  la 

Cruz,  Esperanza 

Cruz,  Felix  de  la 

Cruz,  Flavian o  de  la 

Cruz,  Gabriel  de  la 

Cruz,  Graeiano  de  la 

Cruz,  Gregorio  de  la 

Cruz,  Guillerrao  de  la 

Cruz,  Inocencio  de  la 

Cruz,  Jos6  de  la 

Cruz,  Julian  de  la 

Cruz,  Juliano  de  la 

Cruz,  Laureano  de  la 

Cruz,  Leonardo  de  la 

Cruz,  Lorenzo  de  la 

Cruz,  Marcos  de  la 

Cruz,  Mariano  de  la 

Cruz,  Martin  de  la 

Cruz  y  Geronimo,  Martin  de  la 

Cruz,  Mateo  de  la 

Cruz,  Maximo  de  la 

Cruz,  Nicolas  C 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Cruz,  Pelagio  M 

Cruz,  Remigio  de  la 

Cruz,  Cerapio  de  la 

Cruz,  Simon  de  la 

Cruz,  Sinloroso  de  la 

Cruz,  Tomasa  de  la 

Cruz,  Vicente  de  la 

Cruz,  Inocencio  de  la 

Crisostomo,  Mariano 

Cuadra,  Lorenzo 

Cuadra,  Miguela 

Cuerpo,  Patricio 

Dael,  Franeisea 

Daez,  Adriano 

Daez,  Dlonisio 

Daez,  Juan 

Daez,  Mariano 

Deaz,  Pioquinta 

Dalag,  Calizto 

Dantes,  Marciano 

Dapillosa,  Simeon 

Darilag,  Vicente 

Deato,  Arcadio 

Deato,  Francisco 

Deato,  Gabriel 

Deato,  Pascual 

Decena,  Jose 

Decena,  Pascual 

Delica,  Juana 

Delosmo,  Juana 

Devera,  Severino 

Devera,  Vicente 

Diaz,  A  driano 

Diaz,  Julian 

Diegro,  Emiliano  San 

Diego,  Juan  San 

Diego,  Laureano  San 

Diego,  Luciano  San 

Diego,  Mariano  San 

Diego,  Severo  San 

Dila,  13aldomero 

Diman,  Aguida 

Diman,  Cornelia 

Dlvino,  Rufino 

Dolorito,  Francisco 

Domingo,  Ambrosio 

Domingo,  A velino 

Domingo,  Escolastlco 

Domingo,  Juana 

Domingo,  Mariano 

Domingo,  Pedro 

Domingo,  Petronilo 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 

acres). 

4 

11. 3073 

1 

14. 6575 

1 

24. 6772 

1 

.3415 

1 

.  8660 

1 

.9388 

1 

2. 4102 

3 

7. 5968 

1 

.5390 

2 

2. 2852 

5 

41. 8593 

1 

.  3627 

1 

11.0415 

2 

5. 2168 

1 

2. 9295 

1 

.  3190 

1 

2. 1137 

1 

.  5618 

7 

24. 4465 

4 

22. 3842 

1 

16. 1953 

1 

.1782 

1 

.  6668 

41 

1,956.8980 

12 

64. 8042 

4 

24. 7108 

1 

.  7267 

1 

7.  m\r) 

3 

23. 4403 

5 

9.  4732 

1 

.  3875 

0 

6. 4308 

1 

2. 6730 

14 

619. 2793 

I 

2.  79(57 

1 

14. 2198 

4 

36. 7840 

3 

15. 6540 

3 

42. 3837 

2 

6.5548 

3 

5. 2062 

1 

19. 0828 

1 

2.7195 

1 

3. 6615 

1 

12. 5967 

2 

13.4110 

1 

13. 8108 

1 

35. 1325 

2 

25.  8850 

3 

32. 1332 

(3 

61. 4600 

1 

8. 5845 

1 

5. 8973 

1 

.  1392 

1 

6.  7608 

6 

43. 0827 

3 

20. 1310 

4 

103. 9083 

1 

.  1762 

2 

3. 9793 

1 

8. 2757 

1 

17.  0695 

1 

.  3273 

1 

2. 3932 

1 

2. 8400 

2 

9.2345 

1 

12. 4050 

1 

4. 1345 

1 

9. 1228 

4 

38.  a560 

4 

7.5885 

6 

11. 4412 

2 

15. 1638 

1 

.3935 

1 

12.  6635 

2 

2.2598 

5 

40.6772 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Tola  csia^g— Continued. 

Drueco,  Jos4 

Dmnapi,  Cipriano 

Dumapi,  Ciriaco 

Dumapi,  Estanislao 

Dumapi,  Hermogina 

Dumapi,  Policarpo 

Duque,  Faustino 

Duque,  Juana 

Duyag,  Julian 

Enrile,  Domingo  M 

Epetia,  Anacleto 

Espiritu,  Prudencio . . . 

E vangelista,  Cristeto 

Evangelista,  Eduviges 

E vangelista,  Santiago 

Faustino,  Apolinario 

Faustino,  Cornelio 

Fierre,  Basilio  de  la 

Fierre,  Marcelino  de  la 

Francisco,  Catalino 

Francisco,  Fulgencio 

Francisco,  Maximiano 

Francisco,  Meliton 

Francisco,  Pablo 

Francisco,  Patricio 

Francisco,  Tomas 

Gabriel,  Bonifacia 

Gabriel,  Eulogio  San 

Gabriel,  Rosa  San 

Gabriel,  Vicente  San 

Gacap,  Eulalio 

Galves,  Maximo 

Geronimo,  Eulalio 

Geronimo,  Sabina 

Geronimo,  Sinforoso  ^ 

Gonzales,  Alberto 

Gonzales,  Francisco 

G  onzales,  Francisco 

Gonzales,  Policarpo 

Gonzales,  Teodoro 

Guasing,  Enoc 

Guia,  Manuel  de 

Guzman,  Andr^,s  de 

Guzman,  Ciriaco  de 

Guzman,  Geronimo  de 

Guzman,  Hermogina  de. . . 

Guzman,  Melecio  de 

Hernandez,  Melecio 

Ignacio,  Lucio 

Jestis,  Augustin  de 

Jesiis,  Alberto  de 

Jesus,  Andres  de 

Jesiis,  Basilia  de., 

Jesus,  Juan  de 

Jesus,  Maria  de 

Jesus,  Mariano  de 

Jesus,  Rosa  de 

Jose,  Aquilina 

Jos^,  Barbara 

Jose,  Crispin© 

Jos^,  Florencia 

Jose,  Juan  San 

Jos6,  Remigio 

Juan,  Andres 

Juan,  Candido 

Juan,  Epifanio 

Juan,  Eulalio 

Juan,  Francisco 

Juan,  Lorenzo 

Juan,  Macario 

Laribo,  Baleriano 

Lazaro,  Eusebia 

Lazaro,  Pedro 

Leal,  Sotero 

Leon,  Eusebio  de 

Leon,  Hilario  de 

Lorenzo,  Felipe 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


131 


Complete  list  of  purchasers  of  friar  lands,  to  include  the  31st  day  of  July,  1910,  showing 
the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Continued. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Parcels 
pur- 
chased, 


Tala  estate— Continued. 

Lucindo,  Pablo 

Luis,  Braulio 

Luis,  Faustino 

Luzada,  Antonia 

Luzada,  Maria 

Luzada,  Martin 

Luzada,  Victoriano 

Manalo,  Santiago 

Manalo,  Vicente 

Martin,  Aniceto 

Martin,  Felix 

Martin,  Maria 

Martin,  Mariano 

Matias,  Bernardino 

Matias,  Fernando 

Matias,  Juan 

Mauricio,  Gregorio 

Mauricio,  Merced 

Mendiola,  Francisco 

Merced,  Francisco 

Mendoza,  Eugenio 

Mendoza,  Eugenio 

Mendoza,  Francisco 

Mendoza,  Martina 

Mendoza,  Maximo 

Mendoza,  Rufino 

Mendoza,  Simona 

Mendoza,  Victor 

Miranda,  Patricia 

Mojica,  Andres 

Mojica,  Ciriaco 

Mojica,  Gregorio 

Mojica,  Margarita 

Mojica,  Paulino 

Molina,  Petra. 

Olaes,  Dominga 

Orbe,  Pedro 

Pablo,  Florentino  San 

Pacheco,  Juan 

Pacheco,  Teodoro 

Pacheco,  Valeriano 

Pascual,  Bonifacio 

Pascual,  Nicholas 

Pascual,  Vicente 

Pilongo,  Filomena 

Ponciano,  Leopoldo 

Porciuncula,  Trinidad 

Punzalan,  Sinforosa 

Ramirez,  Celestino 

Ramirez,  Doroteo 

Ramirez,  Gregorio 

Ramirez,  Jacinto . . : 

Ramirez,  Juan 

Ramirez,  Justino 

Ramirez,  Mauricio 

Ramirez,  Paulina 

Ramos,  Felix 

Ramos  de  la  Cruz,  Gregorio 

Resurreccion,  Arcadio 

Reyes,  Fortunato 

Reyes,  Jos^  de  los 

Reyes,  Modesto  de  los 

Reyes,  Roberto 

Rivera,  Eulalio 

Rivera,  E  varista 

Rivera,  Flavian© 

Rivera,  Irineo 

Rivera,  Juan 

Rivera,  Mariano 


Area  (in 
acres). 


6 

10. 3925 

.9863 

.5665 

7.2195 

17. 8880 

10. 4667 

3 

25. 3835 

6 

48.1585 

2 

6. 6020 

2 

23. 8758 

2 

11.6857 

1 

2. 0798 

2 

8. 8822 

1 

.2018 

2 

15. 3997 

5 

8.5305 

3 

9. 0455 

1 

14. 2470 

1 

.8303 

3 

18. 9067 

1 

18. 9238 

6 

56. 7082 

4 

25. 1408 

1 

.1080 

3 

16. 4760 

2 

2.  7157 

1 

.  1433 

6 

40.  7412 

1 

5. 0833 

1 

18. 1607 

1 

13. 6868 

1 

1. 3305 

1 

.1372 

1 

2.5815 

2 

8. 2175 

1 

.2900 

1 

4.  7328 

2 

15. 5877 

2 

22. 5235 

1 

2. 5090 

1 

7. 9200 

1 

1.2320 

1 

10. 7635 

] 

1 .  0893 

3 

26.8115 

3 

73. 3905 

1 

10. 8625 

1 

19. 9632 

1 

14. 4100 

2 

10. 0528 

1 

8. 3772 

1 

.  9935 

1 

4. 2365 

1 

.4243 

1 

.4862 

1 

6. 0100 

1 

5. 5620 

12 

749. 8863 

13 

569.1705 

1 

.3205 

1 

.1635 

1 

.8927 

1 

1.4508 

3 

7. 6035 

1 

5.9207 

5 

27. 6330 

1 

9. 3405 

1 

4. 3960 

1 

4. 2498 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Tala  estate — Continued. 


Rivera,  Maximino 

Rivera,  Severino 

Roberto,  Francisca 

Roque,  Agustin  San 

Roque,  Pelagia 

Roque,  Sinfofoso 

Rueda,  Domingo  de 

Salazar,  Feliciano 

Salome,  Raymunda 

Salvador,  Clemencia 

Salvador,  Francisca 

Salvador,  Romana 

Samonte,  Prudencio 

Sanchez,  Emilio 

Santiago,  Damaso 

Santiago,  Faustino 

Santiago,  Mariano 

Santiago  Nemecio  Delfin 

Santiago,  Roque 

Santiago,  Saturnino 

Santiago,  Tomas 

Santillan,  Gregorio 

Santos,  Ambrocio 

Santos,  Barbara  de  los , 

Santos,  Basilio  de  los 

Santos,  Bernardino  de  los 

Santos,  Cualberto 

Santos,  Maria  de  los 

Santos,  Maria  de  los 

Santos,  Pablo  de  los 

Serrano,  Anastacio 

Serrano,  Bernabe 

Serrano,  Julian 

Serrano,  Marcelo 

Serrano,  Narciso 

Serrano,  Restituto 

Simon,  Evaristo 

Soriano,  Agapito 

Soriano,  Canuto 

Soriano,  Juliana 

Susano,  Roberto 

Susano,  Tomas  A 

Susano,  Victoriana 

Tanbufiong,  Catalina 

Tolentino,  Andres 

Tolentino,  Eusebio 

Tolentino,  Inocencio 

Trinidad,  Angel 

Trinidad,  Benito 

Trinidad,  Jacoba 

Trinidad,  Sil vino 

Valenzuela,  Ancelmo 

Valenzuela,  Avelino 

Valenzuela,  Cris{)iniano  A. . . 

Valenzuela,  Emilio 

Valenzuela,  Felisa  J) 

Valenzuela,  Francisco  D 

Valenzuela,  Pio 

Valenzuela,  Rufino  D 

Viilanueva,  Benedicto 

Wenceslao,  Julian 

Zacarias,  Claro 

Zuiiiga,  Catalina 

Zufiiga,  Gertrudes 

Z-.miga,  Placido 

Zufiiga,  Raymundo 

Zuniga,  Roberto 

367  purchasers;  838  sales; 
12,050.7366  acres. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


9.9632 

15. 6323 

1.7242 

9.  7485 

.3250 

2. 7823 

6.4340 

6. 2437 

7. 7593 

■   . 7505 

.2932 

.6163 

17. 7877 

.  5218 

.1882 

.9360 

9. 3300 

20. 0753 

1.5060 

2. 7365 

7.0807 

749.9750 

22. 8475 

5.  2903 

8. 7095 

33.8962 

12. 8878 

22. 7607 

19. 6535 

7. 0578 

.  9430 

16.  7132 
41.  9535 

5. 1378 

4.  3980 
.  6772 

9.  4315 

7.  7040 

14.  6358 
21.  6117 
10. 1730 

.4305 

5.  8930 
37.  8250 

2.  3643 
5.  2515 

10.  ()807 

8.  6823 
10.  6195 

5.  0917 

3.  6735 
44.  3925 

8.  7788 
27.  8360 

20.  7927 
8.  5158 

33.  8(i35 
3.  3675 

39.  4790 
3.  7842 

83.  8375 
3.  2988 

21.  0225 
25.  9492 

15.  5718 

22.  8402 

17.  0098 


132 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


An  additional  list  of  purchases  of  friar  lands,  to  cover  the  inclusive  dates  August  1  to 
September  30,  1910,  showing  the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  the  names  of 
the  various  purchasers,  the  number  of  parcels  purchased  by  each,  together  with  the  areas 
of  the  lands  purchased,  shown  in  acres  or  fractions  thereof 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Banilad  estate  {August). 

Avila,  Leoncio 

Causing,  Eulalio  E 

Causing,  Eulalio  E 

Famador,  Pantaleon 

Gomez,  Jos6 

Municipality  of  Cebu 

Urgello,  Vicente 

7    purchasers;    21    sales; 
12.0370  acres. 

Binan  {August). 

Almalvis,  Alfonsa 

Alniaf ia,  Gregorio 

Alonte,  Apolonia 

Bayona,  llosenda 

Benjamin,  Claro 

Bergenia,  Flaviano 

Capunitan,  Placido 

Carola,  Calixta 

Castro,  Rufma. 

Cerdefia,  Feliciana 

Defante,  Perfecto 

Dicot,  Ciriaco 

Lacampuefiga,  Cecilia 

Miranda,  Rufmo 

Pabalan,  Alejandro 

Paradina,  Mariano 

Perez,  Simplicia 

Reyes,  Leoncia 

Sanchez,  Dominga 

Sanchez,  Rocenda 

Talavera,  Leon 

Zalazar,  Juana 

22   purchasers;   26  sales; 
13.7935  acres. 

Malinta  (September). 

Alberto,  Macarlo 

Constantino,  Arcadio 

2    purchasers;    2    sales; 
9.1845  acres. 

Muntinlupa  (August). 

Arciaga,  Engracio 

Arciaga,  Tom  as 

Elias,  Marcolino 

Vasquez,  Mateo 

4    purchasers;     9    sales; 
7.2952  acres. 

Naic  (August). 

Aatangan,  Gregorio 

Alejo,  Braulio 

Aquino,  Romana 

Caiantog,  Gregorio 

Garcia,  Marcela 

Gonzaga,  Basilio 

Gonzales,  Eufemia 

Hog,  Catalina 

Jocson,  Cecilia 

Jocson,  Dominga 

Jocson,  Emilio 

Jocson,  Gregorio 

Jocson,  Nicolas 

Jocson,  Simeon 

Joven,  Jovita 

Medina,  Gregorio 

Malanao,  Rufina 

Nazareno,  Isidora 

Clave,  Esperanza 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


0. 1405 

.2752 
.5445 
.  0483 
7. 2832 
3.  6295 
.1158 


.0990 
.  0212 
.  23(;0 
.1730 
.0370 
.  2055 
.  1-^05 
.  7080 
.  2513 
.  4350 
.  4632 
.2553 
.2190 

3.  5667 
.1638 
.  0665 

3.3117 
.0815 

1.  6965 
.  1268 

1.  5170 
.0190 


6.  0725 
3. 1120 


.  3672 
I.  7908 

.  3700 
4.  7672 


.  5237 

18. 0668 

20. 9875 

6. 1200 

22. 7707 

.9185 

6. 5718 

.  0445 

2. 3737 

13. 6140 

13. 8913 

3. 1840 

2. 6907 

13. 4838 

16. 4267 

.2170 

.0130 

6.0710 

.1090 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Naic  (August) — Continued. 

Oleson  &  Williamson 

Osario,  Leonardo 

Pabitan,  Paula 

Pilpil,  Hilario 

Resos,  Francisco 

Ricaf rente,  Anastacio 

Rodriguez,  Maria 

Rodriguez,  Ysidora 

Tanega,  Antero 

Trinidad,  Toriba 

Valenzuela,  Severino 

Yavienco,  Emiterio 

31  purchasers;    67  sales; 
162.5122  acres. 

Naic  (September). 

Akit,  Juliana 

Caparas,  Agustina 

Caparas,  Cipriano 

Diosomito,  Vicente 

Gonzales,  Carmen  J 

Lomada,  Daniel 

Ramirez,  Felix 

Reyes  y  Viray ,  Ramon 

Sapopo,  Pedro 

Tolentino,  Jos6 

Velasco,  Valentin 

Villaluz,  Gregorio 

12  purchasers;    15    sales: 
172.8557  acres. 

Fiedad  (August). 

Acufia,  Felipe 

Acuiia,  Maria 

Adiao,  Felipe 

Agabao,  Gregorio 

Agalabia,  Eulalio 

Agalabia,  Lucas 

Agbada,  Daniel 

Agbada,  Ricardo 

Aguilar,  Ignacio 

Aguilar,  I'erfecto 

Alcantara,  Flav iano 

Alejandro,  Eugenio 

Apo,  Emilio 

Apo,  Felix 

Apo,  Francisco 

Apo,  Nicodemus 

Apo,  Nicolas 

Apo,  Roman 

Apuad,  Mariana 

Aguial,  Antonio 

Aquino,  Agatou 

Aquino,  Mariano 

Aquino,  Melchora 

Asuncion,  Candido 

A velino,  Santiago 

Avendano,  Leonardo 

Babina,  liOrenzo 

Babina,  Vicente 

Bagatua,  Romualdo 

Baguindito,  Ladisiao 

Bailon,  Romana 

Bainto,  Valentin 

Barcelona,  Francisco 

Barcelona,  Gabina 

Bartomome,  Antonino 

Bartolome,  Antonio 

Bartolome,  Josefa , 

Bartolome,  Manuel , 

Bartolome,  Rufma , 

Bautista,  Tito , 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


133 


An  additional  list  of  purchases  of  friar  lands,  to  cover  the  inclusive  dates  August  1  to 
September  SO,  1910,  showing  the  estates  upon  ivhich  the  land  is  situated,  etc  —Cont'd. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Piedad  {August)~ContinuQd. 


Bernardino,  Andres 

Bernardino,  Bias  (1) 

Bernardino,  Bias  (2) 

Bernardino,  Casmjra 

Bernardino,  Enstaquio 

Bernardino,  Horinogenes 

Biglang-ana,  Julian 

Buenaventura,  J  orge 

Buenaventura,  Mariano 

Bustamente,  Tomasa 

Cadeng,  Martin 

Caguindagan,  Alejandro 

Caguindagan,  Anacleto 

Caguindagan,  I'edro 

Cainga,  Doroteo 

Capistrano,  Jnan 

Capistrano,  Oliva 

Carlos,  P'austo 

Carreon,  I^eon 

Carreon,  I^edro 

Carreon,  Teodoro 

Carreon,  Venaneio 

Castro,  Felix 

Cipriano,  A  lejandro 

Clemena,  Nemecio 

Cleofas,  A  gapito 

Cleofas,  Apalinario 

Cleofas,  Estanislao  (1) 

Cleofas,  Estanislao  (2) 

Cleofas,  Faustino 

Cleofas,  German 

Cleofas,  Graciano 

Cleofas,  Inocencio 

Cleofas,  Leon 

Cleofas,  Mamerta 

Cleofas,  Maria 

Cleofas,  Pedro 

Cleofas,  Santiago 

Cleofas,  Victoriana 

Constantino,  luilogio 

Constantino,  Fortunate 

Constantino,  Laureano 

Constantino,  Narciso 

Constantino,  Tiburcio 

Crisostomo,  Mariano 

Crucidad,  Clara  de  la 

Cruz,  Alfonsa  de  la 

Cruz,  Antonio  de  la 

Cruz,  Bcnita  de  la 

Cruz,  Graulia  de  la 

Cruz,  Cornelio  do  la  (1) 

Cruz,  Cornc'lio  de  la  (2) 

Cruz,  Bantes,  Eduardode... 

Cruz,  lOliceo  de  la 

Cruz,  l^steban  de  la 

Cruz,  Eucolia  do  la 

Cruz,  Jose  de  la 

Cruz,  Juliana  do  la  (1) 

Cruz,  Juliana  de  la  (2) 

Cruz,  Eazaro  de  la 

Cruz,  Maeario  do  la 

Cruz,  Sal  )ina  de  la 

Cruz,  Simplicio  de  la 

Cruz,  Vict  oria  de  la 

Cuadra,  Opolonio 

Cuadra,  Canuto 

Cuadra,  Gcnoria 

Dagala,  Bernardo 

Bagon,  Scgundo 

Dancel,  Sil vestre 

Darupa,  G  regorio 

Dayego,  Gregorio 

Dayego,  Pedro 

piego,  Benedicto  San 

Biego,  Lucio  San 

Diego,  Severo  San 

Bizon,  Maxima 

Brucco,  l^scolastico 


pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


11.6478 

25. 21f.2 

24. 7793 

.2802 

11.3528 

8. 6177 

12. 8750 

1. 3505 

.  3173 

2. 1770 

12. 3407 

.  3383 

.4012 

.  4598 

2. 8430 

9. 2990 

1.5645 

77. 2352 

16. 9350 

18. 8013 

61. 9285 

10. 8372 

1. 5795 

10. 6763 

127. 5310 

3. 7795 

7. 5375 

.8312 

3. 2690 

53.  8160 

1. 2838 

5. 7590 

.1705 

11. 8687 

12. 5415 

1.2498 

4. 1397 

1. 4465 

.2168 

7.  3272 

10.  5890 
5.  0638 
4. 9292 

5.  4575 
421. 0355 

9. 6228 
4.  7785 
1. 8415 

12.  6087 
.  2545 

12.  4255 

11.  9395 
31.  6120 

.  3578 
3. 7430 

.  9555 
9. 0497 

.  6620 

6.  4570 
1. 0098 

4.  7937 
1.  6878 

3.  8480 
29.  3777 

.5110 
6.  5930 
15.  5808 
62.  53-^^7 

5.  4810 
.  4068 

6.2115 
14. 8457 

8. 1928 
37.7170 

6.  8597 
10.  3870 

4.  9383 

8.  4020 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Piedad  iAugust)~Contimied. 

Bumapi,  Ambrosio 

Bumapi,  Francisco 

Buyag,  Felipe 

Espiritu,  Valentin 

Eugenio,  Brigido 

E  ugenio,  10  lias 

E  ugenio,  Moises 

E  vangolista,  Ucrmogenes. . . 

Felix,  Nazario 

Fernando,  Agustin 

Figueroa,  Antonio 

Francia,  Cipriano 

Francisco,  Bartola 

Francisco,  Basilio  (1) 

Francisco,  Basilio  (2) 

Francisco,  Catalina 

Francisco,  BamasoCercado.. 

Francisco,  Gregorio 

Francisco,  Mamerto 

Francisco,  Pedro 

Francisco,  Segundo 

Galgana,  Sotero 

Galicia,  Tomasa 

Galvez,  Maeario 

Galvez,  Roberto 

Garcia,  l^ucio 

Gonzales,  Esteban 

Gonzales,  llipolita 

Gonzales,  Lorenza 

Gonzales,  Teodora 

Gonzales,  Tomas 

Guia,  Manuel  de 

Guzman,  Ignacio  de 

Hanule,  Benjamin 

Ilanule,  Luis  Pedro 

Hanule^  Magdalen  0  P 

Hapitinga,  Cornelio 

Hermeiiegildo,  Bomingo 

Iler.'Tienegildo,  Florentina. . . 

Hermenegildo,  Jacinto 

Ilerrera,  Enstaquio 

Iterrera,  J>eon 

Ilerrera,  Natalio 

Ilerrera,  Pascual 

Il)afiez,  Francisco 

Ibafiez,  Jose 

Ignacio,  Adriana 

Ignacio,  Lucio 

Ignacio  y  Maglupay  Pedro... 

Infante,  Julian 

Javier,  Ignacio 

Jesus,  Ceforina  de 

Jos6,  Hugo  San 

Jos6,  Pablo  San 

Josef,  Cayetano 

Lal)ingis"a,  Petronilo 

Labing-isa,  Segundo 

Labosdeo,  Crisj)ina 

Lal)osdeo,  Estanislao 

Laccedem,  Agripino 

Lanuza,  Juliana 

Lazaro,  Ciriaco 

Lazaro,  Cornelio 

Lazaro,  Perfecto 

Lazaro,  Petronia 

Leon ,  P^-liciano  de 

Leon,  llilario  de 

Liuanag,  Filoiiiena 

Lopez,  Francisco 

Macabagdal,  Bruna 

Macal)agdal,  Flaviana 

Macabagdal,  Gregorio 

Macaliagdal,  Icasiana 

Macabagdal,  Valentin 

Magcauas,  Saturnino 

Maquimquim,  Mariano 

Marcelo,  Antonio 

Marcos,  Bamiana. 


Parcels 

Area  (in 

chased. 

acres). 

1 

0.  5482 

1 

L  1168 

1 

5.  2997 

2 

2.  UOOO 

1 

13.1805 

3 

1<^.  6298 

2 

17.  mm 

3 

25.  4567 

1 

6. 3835 

2 

10. 7375 

2 

11.7358 

2 

62.  5437 

1 

.  3470 

1 

1.  8633 

1 

6. 9912 

5 

48.  6863 

1 

18.  5870 

5 

38. 9945 

3 

20.  2242 

1 

1.  74(K) 

1 

.  3130 

1 

4.  4145 

1 

12. 8468 

1 

.1452 

3 

20.  6255 

1 

.  3332 

3 

10. 1980 

1 

.4820 

1 

.4202 

1 

2. 1140 

1 

14. 6583 

2 

37. 9317 

2 

13.  4123 

1 

5. 6787 

1 

1.0570 

1 

10.  0165 

1 

4. 3368 

1 

.  3040 

1 

.  2230 

1 

5, 6312 

1 

7.  3323 

2 

4.  7527 

1 

1.5935 

1 

1.43.30 

1 

.  8495 

1 

.3120 

2 

11.5235 

1 

.4100 

1 

7. 9058 

1 

.4447 

2 

19. 3333 

1 

8. 4835 

1 

3  3165 

1 

1.1120 

1 

4.  9170 

1 

.  7882 

2 

5. 5833 

1 

.  4652 

1 

.  7450 

2 

16. 0283 

1 

M.  6,395 

3 

31. 1257 

2 

2.5190 

1 

16. 2670 

2 

52  0535 

4 

27.1620 

1 

4  5213 

1 

5. 5862 

3 

12  4708 

1 

27. 4022 

1 

14.6.'^80 

4 

27. 4060 

1 

2.1548 

1 

6  9642 

1 

5  3023 

1 

6  3227 

1 

.8018 

3 

24. 6167 

134 


ADMIKISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


An  additional  list  of  purchases  of  friar  lands,  to  cover  the  inclusive  dates  August  1  to 
September  SO,  1910,  showing  the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Cont'd. 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Piedad  (Augusty—ConUnued. 

Mariano,  Estaiiislao 

Matos,  Bartoloi  ue 

Matos,  Catalino 

Matos,  Enrique 

Matos,  Juan 

Maxi i  no ,  A niceto 

Mendiola,  CJaro 

Mendiola,  Crispina 

Mendiola,  Quintin 

Mendiola,  Si  iieon 

Mendoza,  Rufmo 

Miguel,  Damiana  San 

Miguel,  Marcos  Sau 

Miranaa,  Gregorio 

Mundo,  A  Ifonsa  del 

Mud  do,  Domingo  del 

Mundo,  Felipe  del 

Mundo,  Francisco  del 

Mundo,  Leonarda  del 

Mundo,  Manuel  del 

Mundo,  Mariano  del 

Mundo,  Pablo  del 

Nicolas,  Jacinta 

Nicolas,  Toniasa 

Ocampo,  Pablo  de 

Pabaya,  Mariano 

Pabre,  Escolastico 

Pacala,  Placido 

Padran,  Perfecto 

Pagdatuan,  Manuel 

Pangyarihan,  Maximo 

Paz.  Simeona  de  la 

Policarpio,  Maria 

Protacio,  Neraesio 

Quedial.  Cosme 

Rail,  Benito 

Ramirez,  Augustina 

Ramirez,  Damiana 

Ramirez,  Mauricio 

Ramirez,  Simeon 

Ramos,  Agatona 

Ramos,  Balbino 

Ramos,  Basiiio  (1) 

Ramos,  Basiiio  (2) 

Ramos,  Casimiro 

Ramos,  Engraeio. 

Ramos,  Epifania 

Ramos,  E  ugenio 

Ramos,  Gregoria 

Ramos,  Julio 

Ramos,  Maria 

Ramos,  Mariano 

Ramos,  R  egino 

Ramos,  Roberto 

Ramos,  Romualdo 

Ramos,  Saturnina 

Ramos,  Victoriano 

Ramay,  Jos6 

Ramay,  Pio 

Reyes,  Josd  de  los 

Reyes,  Maria  de  los 

Rivera,  Alejo 

Rivera,  Arcadio 

Rivera,  Bernardino 

Rivera,  Engraeio 

Rivera,  Esteban  (1) 

Rivera,  Esteban  (2) 

Rivera,  Eulalio. .  

Rivera,  Francisco 

Rivera,  Hermogenes 

Rivera,  Luisa 

Rivera,  Saturnine 

Rivera,  Silveria 

Rivera,  Silvlno 

Rivera,  Simeon 

Rivera,  Valentin 


Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 


Area  (in 
acres). 


16. 2768 

8. 7775 

8. 1650 

.2912 

.3338 

28. 8945 

.  1442 

6. 2075 

5.0108 

6.8715 

7. 9665 

10.  6682 

6. 9605 

.7733 

6. 4420 

7. 5512 

7. 7323 

9.1952 

16. 9760 

7.  6603 

20. 4730 

11.6182 

.  6867 

18.  5952 

12. 8282 

7. 2298 

1.1517 

3.8718 

10. 5895 

.7375 

4. 8025 

9. 7482 

20. 9283 

.  84()2 

2. 6768 

6.4120 

25. 8260 

23. 7345 

38. 5245 

14. 1137 

3.  &348 

10. 4700 

.2937 

19. 7038 

12. 4992 

5. 8980 

15. 2795 

13. 1230 

9. 1238 

19. 6435 

12. 6697 

26. 0835 

1.7023 

8.5300 

10. 5645 

26. 3328 

6. 8417 

28. 4462 

1. 1725 

6.4953 

.2557 

10.8853 

6. 9497 

10. 7125 

.2040 

5. 9280 

20.  5880 

17.3170 

.1730 

8. 2225 

19.5463 

20. 0697 

11.2315 

3. 4323 

14. 6852 

2.5593 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Piedad  (JLwgfUSi)— Continued 

Romero,  Domingo 

lioque,  Maximo 

R  oxas,  Macario 

Roxas,  Jose 

Samson,  Vicente 

Sanchez,  Emilio 

Santos,  Ambrosio 

Sarmiento,  Abdon 

Sanniento,  Apolonia 

Sarmiento,  Carlos 

Sarmiento,  Daniel 

Sanniento,  Geronima 

Sarmiento,  Gregoria 

Sarmiento,  Hilario 

Sarmiento,  Isidora 

Sarmiento,  Laureano 

Sarmiento,  Pascual 

Sarmiento,  Pedro 

Sarmiento,  Teodora 

Sarmiento,  Vicenta 

Sevilla,  Agustina 

Sevilla,  Alejandra 

Sevilla,  Hermogena  de 

Sevilla,  Macario 

Soriano,  Agapito 

Susano,  Tomas  A 

Tolentino,  Crispin© 

Tolent  no,  Sebastian 

Tongco,  Juan 

Trinidad,  Jacoba 

Velilla,  Emiteria 

Victorio,  Romah 

304  purchasers;   475  sales; 
4,076.8480  acres. 

Piedad  (September). 

Adisas,  Macario 

Apo,  Thomas 

Cadaeng,  Quintin 

Caguindangan,  Anacleto. . . . 

Calderon,  Silvino 

Candido.  Raymundo 

Cayfia,  Anastasio 

Caina,  Domingo 

Cleofas,  Julian 

Cruz,  Carlos  de  la 

Cruz,  Leon  de  la 

Cruz,  Saturnino  de  la 

Cruz,  Toribia  de  la. 

Cruz,  Venancio  de  la 

Dagala,  Bernardo 

Evangelista,  R egino 

Fernando,  Braulio 

Fernado,  Gerardo 

Francisco,  Angeles 

Francisco,  Canuta 

Gabriel,  Isaac 

Gabriel,  Paulino  San 

Gajuda,  Catalina 

Lacon,  Fernando 

Macabalo,  Eustaqulo 

Macabagdal,  Juan  (guardian- 
ship)   

Macabagdal,  Juan 

Mercado,  Ramon 

Punsalan,  Slnforosa 

Ramos,  Benito 

Ramos,  Mariano * 

Ramoy,  Mata 

Rivera,  Feliciano 

Rivera,  Procesa 

Santos,  Esteban  de  los , 

Santos,  Flaviana  de  los 

Santos,  Pedro  de  los 

Sarmiento,  Eulogio 


piu-- 
chased. 


1 

62. 5907 

1 

1.4210 

1 

6. 2143 

1 

14.3685 

1 

12. 0580 

2 

65. 5203 

2 

12.  5100 

1 

12. 2450 

1 

4. 6793 

1 

4. 3025 

1 

8. 2447 

1 

3. 3228 

1 

4. 6460 

1 

9.0977 

1 

2.3223 

1 

28.0575 

1 

7. 7962 

1 

10. 7743 

4 

53. 7640 

2 

16. 5567 

2 

13. 4603 

2 

5. 7002 

1 

8.7935 

2 

5. 1665 

1 

.6448 

8 

46. 2522 

1 

5. 6223 

1 

2. 7252 

1 

9.6465 

2 

14. 0260 

1 

14. 0705 

2 

117.0028 

Area  (in 

acres). 


6. 3530 

4. 4557 

7. 2090 

.0765 

26. 2933 

9.8947 
12.4695 
12. 3603 

8. 5162 
15. 2220 

3.7345 
10.9573 

2. 4267 

4.  4678 
61. 2727 

6. 7588 
2. 8705 
8. 1325 
6. 5880 
4. 9900 
2.]  807 
10. 07,58 
28. 0415 
7. 8770 
4. 0902 

7. 1268 
12. 4602 

3. 9230 
80. 8813 

5.  ()970 
8. 2400 
2.8905 
4. 7490 
8. 5920 

20. 0367 
1. 4420 
1.5770 

21.  4843 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


135 


An  additional  list  of  purchases  of  friar  lands,  to  cover  the  inclusive  dates  August  1  to 
September  30,  1910,  showing  the  estates  upon  which  the  land  is  situated,  etc. — Cont'd. 


Name  of  purchaser. 

Parcels 

pur- 
chased. 

Area  (in 
acres). 

Name  of  purchaser. 

'mi?-''     Area  (in 
cl?ased.|      ^c^^^)- 

Piedad  (September)— Con. 
Sevilla,  Mariano 

2 
1 

5. 2665 
2. 4735 

.0365 

.0613 

26.8995 

4. 6077 

2. 3823 

.1910 

.2007 

.0190 

19. 0003 

.0760 

7.5410 

.1665 

.3327 
.0875 

10. 3310 
.0245 
.2490 
.6600 

15. 9300 

S.  F.  de  matabon  (Sept.)— Con. 
Rosario,  Maria  del 

1 

2 

1 
11 

1 

1 

1 
1 

1 

0  2350 

Tolentino,  Sebastian 

Sarsarin,  Francisco 

11. 4753 

40  purchasers;    55   sales; 

Sarsarin,  Leoncla 

3. 5932 

454.1540  acres. 

Torres,  Francisco 

17. 7210 

Saguilayan,  Agaton. . 

6. 2145 

8.  F.  de  Malabon  {September). 

Velazco,  Cat  all  no 

9. 4748 

Virata,  Anselmo 

9. 3580 

Abeledo,  Juan 

26   purchasers;   30   sales; 
146.8683  acres. 

Tala  (August). 

Biglangaua,  Lucio 

Aquino,  Dolores 

Arnaldo,  Catalina .... 

Blancia,  Lucas 

Bumataya,  Catalina.. 

Camaniag,  Francisca 

.2480 

Castro,  Baldomera 

Carpenter,  F,  W 

58. 6163 

Cuello,  Ambrosio 

Valenzuela,  Pio 

7.6805 

Guzman,  Nicolas  de 

3    purchasers;    13    sales; 
66.5448  acres. 

Tala  (September). 

Deato,  Gabriel 

Legaspi,  Isabelo  . 

Madlangbayan,  Justo 

Morabe,  Cosme 

Municipality    of    S.    F.    de 
Malabon 

6. 3612 

Ocampo,  Antonio .... 

Deato,  Pascual 

16. 3008 

Palma,  Honorata 

Pascual,  Nicolas 

4.4045 

Pareja,  Leodegario . 

Salvador,  Francisca .... 

.4217 

Rea,  Gregoria  de  la 

4    purchasers;    4    sales; 
27.4882  acres. 

Rea,  Juan  de  la 

Rosario,  Hilario  del 

Consolidated  statement  of  all  friar-lands  sales  to  include  September  30,  1910,  showing 
totals  of  purchasers  and  parcels  sold,  and  the  total  area,  in  acres,  sold  on  each  estate. 


Estate. 


Banilad 

Binagbag 

Binan 

Calamba 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Isabela 

Lolomboy 

Malinta 

Muntinlupa 

Naic 

Orion 

Piedad 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

San  Jose 

San  Marcos 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 


Total 

Reported  by  cable  Dec.  13,  1910: 

October  sales 

November  sales 


Total. 


Purchasers. 


468 

42 

1,648 

1 

293 

415 

40 

1 

780 

482 

1,050 

344 

344 

1,389 

1 

1 

1,174 

374 


8,847 


Parcels 
sold. 


749 

49 

2,828 

1 

347 

681 

93 

1 

1,311 

1,262 

1,884 

600 

530 

2,782 

2 

1 

1,992 

855 


15,968 

1,737 
1,223 


18, 928 


Area  (in 
acres). 


1,263.7095 

27.  9523 

6,626.8388 

1.  4740 

1,829.4415 

2,314.6627 

148.  7113 

4. 1020 

7, 802.  6090 

4, 550.  3010 

8,671.1375 

2, 079.  0730 

4, 531.  0020 

13, 437.  0839 

56,212.0375 

218.  3223 

10,370.0437 

12, 144.  7696 


132,233.3316 


4, 457.  5000 
12, 722.  5000 


149,413.3316 


136  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  In  this  statement  the  public  lands  and  the  friar 
lands  seem  to  be  separately  given? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Wlien  a  purchase  of  friar  lands  is  made,  who  is 
the  first  official  to  whom  application  would  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
events  be  made  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  agent  on  the  estate. 

The  Chairman.  The  agent  in  charge  of  the  friar  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  or  group  of  estates,  as  the  case  may  be. 

The  Chairman.  Then  what  would  be  the  next  proceeding? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  would  be  sent  to  my  office  in  Manila. 

The  Chairman.  You  would  be  the  first  public  official  to  receive  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  The  first  one  I  observe  as  involving  over  16  hec- 
tares in  amount  was  sold  to  Leoncio  Alburo,  one  parcel  of  94.4  acres. 
Have  you  any  recollection  of  how  you  came  to  sell  him  94  acres? 
This  is  reduced  from  hectares  to  acres. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  parcel  of  land  he  was  occupying,  prob- 
ably, at  the  date  it  was  purchased. 

The  Chairman.  This  statement  does  not  seem  to  give  the  dates  of 
the  sales.     Are  you  able  to  insert  the  dates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  those  sales  ? 

The  Chairman.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  insert  these  dates  for  us  before  we  put 
this  in  the  record? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  I  can  find  clerical  force  sufficient  to  do  it.  There 
are  some  15,000  sales. 

The  Chairman.  You  stated  your  recollection  is,  relative  to  this 
94.4  acres  sold  to  Leoncio  Alburo,  that  this  land  was  occupied  by  him 
as  a  tenant  prior  to  the  sale. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  May  I  ask  what  estate  that  is  on  ? 

The  Chairman.  It  is  on  the  Banilad  estate. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  probabilities  are  he  had  been  occupying  that 
land  for  many  years. 

The  Chairman.  These  seem  to  be  in  small  amounts,  mostly.  The 
next  one  exceeding  16  hectares,  or  40  acres,  is  a  sale  to  Victoria  Eallos, 
on  the  same  estate,  of  six  parcels,  aggregating  63.9  acres.  Have  you 
any  recollection  as  to  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Only  a  geijeral  recollection  as  to  these  sales.  But 
on  that  estate  nearly  all  of  the  purchasers  were  former  tenants,  not 
only  of  the  Government,  but  of  the  friars. 

The  Chairman.  I  see  a  number  of  sales  here  slightly  exceeding  40 
acres.  It  is  not  necessary  to  take  up  the  time  with  their  enumera- 
tion, as  this  statement  will  go  in  the  record  anyway. 

I  find  a  sale  on  the  Binan  estate,  in  this  list,  to  Frank  J.  Ferguson 
of  11  parcels,  aggregating  325  acres.  Have  you  any  recollection  as 
to  how  Mr.  Ferguson  came  to  receive  that  many  acres  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  say  you  have  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  did  it  occur? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Ferguson  was  an  American  looking  around  for 
a  piece  of  land  to  settle  on.    The  agent  found  he  was  looking  around 


ADMINISTBATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  137 

in  that  country  and  went  after  him  and  asked  him  if  he  did  not  want 
to  buy  some  friar  lands. 

The  Chairman.  You  mean,  then,  he  was  not  a  prior  tenant  ? 

Mr.  Si/EEPER.  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  say  whether  the  11  parcels  were  con- 
tiguous ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  can  not.    I  have  plans  that  will  give  that,  however. 

The  Chairman.  On  the  Dampol  estate  I  find  a  sale  to  Manuel 
Casal  of  319  acres.    Do  you  recall  anything  about  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  sure  that  party  was  a  former  tenant.  That 
entire  estate  has  been  sold  to  former  tenants. 

The  Chairman.  In  these  cases  where  former  tenants  acquired 
tracts,  some  of  them  in  excess  of  40  acres,  did  they  receive  just  the 
lands  they  had  been  occupying  as  tenants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exactly ;  or,  at  least,  if  they  desired  to  purchase. 

The  Chairman.  I  mean  did  that  include  lands  outside  of  what 
they  had  been  occupying  as  tenants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  As  a  rule  not. 

The  Chairman.  Does  this  statement  give  also  the  leases? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  that  deals  only  with  sales. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  have  here  in  what  purports  to  be  a  letter  from  the 
Secretary  of  War  a  statement  from  the  land  records  of  all  the  sales 
and  then  all  of  the  leases.    You  will  find  it  right  there. 

The  Chairman.  Was  that  statement  prepared  by  you,  which  the 
Secretary  of  War  furnished? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.    I  do  not  remember  ever  seeing  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  It  is  House  Document  No.  963,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes.  It  contained  first  a  list  of  sales  and  then  a 
list  of  pieces  of  more  than  16  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  In  the  Muntinlupa  estate  I  find  a  sale  to  Estanis- 
lao  Espeleta  of  100  acres.    Have  you  any  recollection  as  to  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  think  he  was  a  former  tenant  at  all. 

The  Chairman.  Was  he  an  American  or  Filipino  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is  a  Filipino,  by  his  name. 

The  Chairman.  On  the  Naic  estate  there  is  a  sale  to  Charles 
Beelar  of  206  acres.    Is  he  an  American  or  native  Filipino  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is  an  American;  what  we  call  a  half- 
breed. 

The  Chairman.  On  the  same  estate  I  find  a  sale  to  Cristobal 
Bustamante  of  338  acres.    Is  he  a  Filipino  or  an  American? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  a  Filipino. 

The  Chairman.  Does  this  paper  include  all  the  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  should  include  all  the  estates  that  have  been  offered 
for  sale. 

The  Chairman.  I  mean  in  which  there  have  been  sales  made. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  find  the  San  Jose  estate 
here  at  all.  Here  is  a  sale  made  on  the  Santa  Eosa  estate  to  Pedro 
Teano  Perlas,  of  832  acres.    Is  he  an  American  or  a  Filipino? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  a  Filipino.  He  formerly  occupied  a  larger 
area  than  that  under  the  Spanish  administration. 

The  Chairman.  Here  is  Harry  Rosenberg,  to  whom  a  sale  was 
made  in  this  same  Santa  Rosa  estate,  of  3,489  acres.  Is  he  an  Ameri- 
can or  Filipino  ? 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 13 


138  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  an  American. 

The  Chairman.  On  the  Tala  estate  I  find  a  sale  to  Nicolas  C.  Cruz 
of  1,956  acres.    Is  he  an  American  or  Filipino? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  Filipino. 

The  Chairman.  In  the  same  estate  I  find  a  sale  of  108  acres  to 
Arcadio  Constantino.    Is  he  an  American  or  Filipino  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  Filipino. 

The  Chairman.  To  Mariano  Crisostomo.  Is  he  an  American  or 
Filipino? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  Filipino. 

The  Chairman.  I  suppose  most  of  these  hard  names  are  names  of 
Filipinos.  I  do  not  find  the  San  Jose  estate  here  at  all.  Will  you  see 
if  you  can  find  the  San  Jose  estate  in  this  [handing  statement  to 
witness]. 

In  the  meantime,  I  find  here  on  the  7th  of  June  we  passed  a  reso- 
lution calling  on  the  Secretary  of  War  to  furnish  us  from  the  record 
of  his  office  data  setting  forth  in  detail  the  sale  of  estates  or  parts 
thereof  referred  to,  with  the  number  of  acres  involved,  and  so  forth, 
and  the  reply  seemed  to  contain  a  record  by  months,  beginning  with 
the  quarter  ending  June  30,  1905.  Can  you  state  when  you  began 
to  sell  friar  lands — when  the  first  sale  was  made? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  in  1908  the  first  sales  were  made  on  the 
Dampol  estate. 

The  Chairman.  I  would  suggest  we  might  put  in  the  record  at 
this  point  this  portion  of  the  report  of  the  Secretary  of  War  in 
response  to  that  resolution.  His  letter  of  reply  is  dated  June  7,  1910, 
and  is  House  Document  No.  957.  We  might  put  the  whole  thing  in, 
but  the  figures  I  want  especially  to  get  in  to  show  these  sales  with 
dates  and  so  forth,  beginning  on  page  11. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Those  are  the  quarterly  reports? 

The  Chairman.  Yes.  If  there  is  no  objection,  we  will  put  that 
part  of  the  Secretary's  reply  in  this  record  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Parsons.  They  do  not  show  to  whom  they  were  sold  ? 

The  Chairman.  No. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Whereas  in  Document  No.  963  we  have  a  list  of 
all  friar  land  sales  and  leases,  and  public  land  sales  and  leases  of  more 
than  16  hectares  to  one  person. 

The  Chairman.  It  does  not  give  the  dates  and  names? 

Mr.  Parsons.  No  ;  it  gives  the  names,  but  not  the  dates. 

The  Chairman.  Well,  we  will  put  those  all  in. 

(The  papers  referred  to  are  in  the  words  and  figures  follow^ing, 
to  wit:) 


LETTER 

FROM 

THE   SECRETARY   OF  WAR, 

TRANSMITTING, 

IN  RESPONSE  TO  A  RESOLUTION  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTA- 
TIVES, CERTAIN  DOCUMENTS  RELATING  TO  THE  SALE  OF  THE 
FRIAR  LANDS  IN  THE  PHILIPPINES. 


June  10,  1910. — Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  and  ordered  to  be 

printed. 


War  Department, 

Washington y  June  7,  1910. 
Mr.  Speaker:  I  beg  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  the  following 
resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives : 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  War  be,  and  he  is  hereby,  directed  to  furnish  to  the 
House  of  Representatives,  if  not  incompatible  with  the  public  interest,  complete 
and  true  copies  of  all  reports,  documents,  letters,  cablegrams,  telegrams,  memoranda, 
or  other  data,  contained  among  the  records  of  his  office,  or  in  the  files  thereof,  showing 
or  tending  to  show,  or  to  throw  any  light  upon  the  sale  or  leasing  or  granting  of  options 
upon  all  or  any  of  the  so-called  friar  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  including  all 
letters,  opinions,  requests  for  opinions,  information  or  data  received  from  any  intend- 
ing purchaser  or  purchasers,  lessor  or  lessors,  or  his  or  their  counsel  or  agents,  and 
copies  of  all  replies  thereto,  and  of  all  opinions  given  by  the  Secretary  of  War  or  anyone 
in  his  department  in  relation  to  the  friar  lands,  setting  forth  in  each  instance  in  detail 
the  particular  estate  or  estates,  or  parts  thereof,  referred  to,  and  the  number  of  acres 
mvolved,  and  all  letters,  cablegrams,  telegrams  or  reports  to  or  from  any  officer,  agent, 
or  attorney  of  the  Philippine  government  in  relation  to  the  sale,  leasing,  or  optioning 
of  all  or  any  of  said  friar  lands.  Also,  if  such  information  shall  be  within  his  possession 
or  ascertainable  from  the  files  or  records  of  his  ofiice,  a  statement  showing  in  detail 
the  name  of  the  estate,  or  a  general  description  of  each  tract  or  parcel  of  friar  lands 
heretofore  purchased  by  the  Philippine  government,  the  number  of  acres  included 
therein  and  the  amount  paid  therefor,  together  with  a  statement  showing  whether 
all  or  any  portion  of  said  so-called  friar  estate  or  tract  has  been  sold  or  leased  or  placed 

139 


140  ABMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

under  option  by  the  Philippine  government,  and  stating  in  each  instance  the  name 
and  address  of  the  purchaser  or  lessor,  the  number  of  acres  involved  and  the  price 
paid  or  to  be  paid  therefor,  either  in  purchase  thereof,  or  as  rental:  Provided^  That 
m  his  response  hereto,  it  shall  not  be  necessary  for  the  Secretary  of  War  to  furnish 
copies  of  any  letters,  opinions,  cablegrams,  telegrams,  documents  or  data  already 
furnished  by  him  in  response  to  resolutions  heretofore  adopted  by  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives. 

In  compliance  with  this  resolution  I  have  the  honor  herewith  to 
transmit  documents,  letters,  cablegrams,  telegrams,  and  memoranda 
as  shown  by  the  attached  list.  The  originals  of  many  of  these  are 
transmitted,  inasmuch  as  it  would  involve  considerable  delay  in 
their  transmittal  to  copy  them  with  the  limited  available  clerical 
force. 

The  printed  reports  of  Philippine  officials  may  be  found  in  the 
annual  reports  of  the  Philippine  Commission,  published  each  year  as 
a  part  of  the  annual  report  of  the  War  Department.  For  convenient 
reference,  however,  attention  is  respectfully  invited  in  this  connec- 
tion to  the  attached  list  which  will  indicate  the  portions  of  the  reports 
that  appear  to  be  pertinent. 

There  are  also  included  several  more  or  less  complete  memoranda, 
which  were  prepared  for  office  use  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  as 
the  various  questions  with  reference  to  the  friar  lands  have  arisen. 
They  are  all  included,  but,  as  will  be  observed,  some  of  them  never 
were  signed. 

No  paper  called  for  is  withheld  because  its  transmittal  might  be 
regarded  as  incompatible  with  public  interest. 

i  have,  notwithstanding  the  proviso  of  the  resolution,  included 
for  convenient  reference  such  papers  heretofore  furnished  in  response 
to  previous  resolutions  of  the  House  of  Representatives  as  are  cov- 
ered by  the  body  of  the  resolution. 

Very  respectfully,  J.  M.  Dickinson, 

Secretary  of  War. 

The  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 


List  oj  documents,  letters,  etc.,  transmitted  with  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  War  to  the  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  June  S,  1910. 

[References  to  House  documents  are  to  those  of  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  second  session,  unless  otherwise 

stated.  J 

Inclosures  Nos. 

1.  Act  No.  1120  of  the  Philippine  CommiBsion,  enacted  April  26,  1904.     (See 

p.  5,  pt.  3,  H.  Doc.  894.) 

2.  Report  on  friar  lands  for  quarter  ending  June  30,  1905.     (Original.) 

3.  Report  for  month  of  July,  1905.     (Original.) 

4-8.  Reports  for  months  of  August,  September    quarter  ending  September  30 
October,  November,  1905.     (Originals.) 
9-25.  Reports  for  January,  February,  June,  July,  August,  September,  quarter 
ending  September  30,  October,  November,  December,  1906.     (Originals.) 
26-36.  Reports   for   January,    March,    June,    July,    September,    October,    1907. 
(Originals.) 
37,  38, 39.  Acts  1705,  1736,  and  1749  of  the  Philippine  Commission. 

40-44.  Reports  for  quarters  ending  June  30  and  September  30,  1908.     (Originals.) 
45.  Extract  from  letter  Dean  C.  Worcester,  inclosing  statement  to  October 
1,  1906. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  141 

Inclosures  Not. 

46.  Statement.     (Original.) 

47.  Copy  of  letter,  March  19,  1907,  from  General  Edwards  to  director  of  lands. 

48.  Copy  of  Captain  Sleeper's  answer  of  April  25,  1907. 

49.  Extract  from  special  report  of  Secretary  Taft.     (S.  Doc.  200,  60tb  Cong., 

1st  sess.) 

50.  Act  No.  1847,  Philippine  Islands  legislature.     (See  p.  11,  pt.  3,  H.  Doc. 

No.  894.) 

51.  General  Edwards's  letter  of  May  16,  1908,  to  the  governor-general  of  the 

Philippine  Islands.     (Original  press  copy  with  copy  of  indorsements.) 

52.  Captain  Sleeper's  third  indorsement  on  letter  of  May  16,  1908. 
53-80.  Blueprints  of  plans  of  Santa  Rosa  estate.     (Originals.) 

81.  Description  of  lots,  Santa  Rosa  estate,  blueprints.     (Originals.) 

82.  Captain  Sleeper's  letter  of  August  6,  1909.     (Original.) 

83.  Statement.     (Original.) 

84.  Act  1933  of  Philippine  legislature.     (See  p.  10,  pt.  3,  H.  Doc.  894.) 

85.  Copy  of  letter  of  September  4,  1909,  to  John  H.  Hammond,  and  inclosures. 

(See  p.  2,  H.  Doc.  916.) 

86.  Copy  of  letter  of  September  7,  1909,  from  John  H,  Hammond.     (See  p.  3, 

H.  Doc.  916.) 

87.  Chief  surveyor's  memorandum.     (Original.) 

88.  Copy  of  General  Edwards's  letter  of  September  27,  1909.     (See  H.  Doc.  918, 

6ist  Cong.,  2d  sess.) 

89.  Copy  of  cablegram  from  governor-general  October  22,  1909.     (See  p.  5, 

H.  Rept.  1015,  present  session.) 

90.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general  October  22,  1909.     (See  p.  5, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

91.  Copy  of  letter  of  October  22,  1909,  to  John  H.  Hammond.     (See  p.  7, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

92.  Copy  of  letter  of  October  23,  1909,  from  John  H.  Hammond.     (See  p.  7, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

93.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general  November  23.  1909.     (See  p.  5, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

94.  Copy  of  cablegram  from  governor-general  November  29,  1909.     (See  p.  2, 

pt.  3,  H.  Doc.  894,  and  p.  6,  H.  Rept.  1015.) 

95.  Copy  of  letter  to  the  President,  December  2,  1909. 

96.  Copy  of  letter  from  the  President  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

97.  Copy  of  letter  of  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  to  the  Attorney-General.     (See 

p.  2,  pt.  3,  H.  Doc.  894.) 

98.  Copy  of  memorandum  of  Mr.  de  Gersdorff.     (See  p.  3,  part  3,  H.  Doc.  894, 

and  p.  15,  H.  Rept.  1015.) 

99.  Copy  of  cablegram  to  the  governor-general,  December  4,  1909.     (See  p.  6, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

100.  Copy  of  telegram  to  Mr.  de  Gersdorff,  December  4,  1909. 

101.  Copy  of  letter  of  December  8,  1909,  from  Attorney-General. 

102.  Copy  of  letter  from  Dean  C.  Worcester,  secretary  of  the  interior,  October 

21,  1909.     (See  p.  6,  H.  Rept.  1015.) 

103.  Opinion  of  Attorney-General.     (See  p.  2,  H.  Doc.  911.) 

104.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general  December  22,  1909.     (See  p.  7, 

H.  Rept.  1015.) 

105.  Copy  of  letter  sent  to  governor-general  December  22,  1909. 

106.  Copy  of  telegram  to  Mr.  de  Gersdorff,  December  22,  1909. 

107.  Copy  of  letter  to  Mr.  de  Gersdorff,  December  22,  1909. 

108.  Copy  of  opinion,  dated  June  15,  1909,  of  the  attorney-general  of  the  Phil- 

ippine Islands. 

109.  Copy  of  letter  from  E.  F.  Atkins,  dated  December  30,  1909. 

110.  Copy  of  letter  of  January  4,  1910,  to  Mr.  Atkins. 

111.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  governor-general  January  12,  1910.     (See  p.  2, 

part  3,  H.  Doc.  894,  and  p.  7,  H.  Rept.  1015.) 

112.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general  January  13,  1910.     (See 

p.  2,  part  3,  H.  Doc.  894,  and  p.  7,  H.  Rept.  1015.) 

113.  Copy  of  memorandum  of  Secretary  Worcester  dated  November  26,  1909. 

114.  Opinion  of  the  attorney-general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  dated  October  18, 

1909.     (Original.) 

115.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general  January  17,  1910. 

116.  Copy  of  letter  to  governor-general  dated  February  2,  1910. 


142  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Inclosures  Nos. 

117.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general  February  5,  1910. 

118.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  the  governor-general,  February  7,  1910. 

119.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general,  March  1,  1910. 

120.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general,  March  26,  1910. 

121.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  to  governor-general,  March  30,  1910.     (See  H.  Doc. 

903.) 

122.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general,  April  1,  1910. 

123.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general,  April  9,  1910.     (See  H. 

Doc.  903.) 

124.  Report  of  director  of  lands,  dated  February  17,  1910. 

125.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  governor-general,  April  19,  1910. 

12().  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general,  April  23,  1910. 

127.  Copy  of  cablegram  sent  governor-general,  April  29,  1910. 

128.  Copy  of  cablegram  received  from  governor-general,  May  3,  1910. 

129.  Original  of  reply  of  director  of  lands  to  letter  of  September  27, 1909,  received 

May,  1910. 

130.  Original  of  prospectus  of  San  Jose  estate,  transmitted  by  director  of  lands 

with  his  statement  of  December  4,  1909. 

131.  Original  of  prospectus  of  the  Isabela  estate,  transmitted  by  director  of 

lands  with  his  statement  of  December  4,  1909. 

132.  Copy  of  letter  to  Attorney-General,  May  12,  1910. 

133.  Copy  of  memorandum,  dated  April  30,  1910,  iiiclosed  with  letter  of  May 

12,  to  the  Attorney-General. 
Inquiries  and  replies: 

134.  Copy  of  letter  from  Hon.  M.  E.  Olmsted,  January  24,  1910. 

135.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  M.  E.  Olmsted,  January  28,  1910. 

136.  Copy  of  letter  from  Hon.  Coe  I.  Crawford,  January  31,  1910. 

137.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  Coe  I.  Crawford,  February  2,  1910. 

138.  Copy  of  letter  from  Hon.  James  L.  Slayden,  January  31,  1910. 

139.  Copy  of  memorandum  of  law  officer,  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  February 

12,  1910. 

140.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  J.  L.  Slayden,  February  14,  1910. 

141.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  A.  W.  Rucker,  March  7,  1910. 

142.  Copy  of  letter  from  Hon.  M.  E.  Olmsted,  March  25,  1910. 

143,144.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  M.  E.  Olmsted,  March  26,  1910,  and  copy  of  letter 
to  him  (inclosed  with  that  of  March  26)  dated  March  24,  1910. 

145, 146.  Copy  of  letter  to  Hon.  H.  C.  Lodge,  March  29,  1910,  and  copy  of  note  trans- 
mitting same. 

147.  Memorandum  in  re  sugar  producing  establishments  in  the  Philippine 

Islands. 
Office  memoranda: 

148.  Memorandum  dated  February  9,  1910. 

149.  Memorandum  dated  April  8,  1910. 

150.  Memorandum  dated  April  12,  1910. 

151.  Memorandum  dated  April  19,  1910. 

REFERENCE   LIST  OF  PHILIPPINE   COMMISSION   REPORTS. 

Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1904,  part  1,  pages  747  to  816.     (H.  Doc. 

No.  2,  vol.  12,  58th  Cong.,  3d  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1905,  part  1,  pages  17,  26,  and  216;  part  2, 

pages  40,  41,  and  380  to  383.     (H.  Doc.  No.  2,  vols.  10  and  11,  59th  Cong.,  1st  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1906,  part  2,  pages  37,  41,  and  133  to  149. 

(H.  Doc.  No.  2,  vol.  8,  59th  Cong., '2d  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1907,  part  2,  pages  37  to  40  and  184  to  201. 

(H.  Doc.  No.  2,  vol.  8,  60th  Con^.,  Ist  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1908,  part  2,  pages  48  to  51,  and  225  to  261. 

(H.  Doc,  No.  1042,  vol.  8,  60th  Cong.,  2d  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Commission  for  1909,  pages  46,  47,  and  115.     (H.  Doc.  No. 

103,  vol.  7,  also  H.  Doc.  No.  823,  Olst  CouQr.,  2d  sess.) 
Report  of  the  Philippine  Director  of  Lands  for  1909.     (H.  Doc.  No.  914,  61st  Cong., 

2d  8688.) 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  143 

Inclosure  No.  l.J 

[Pre\    iisly  transmitted  in  response  to  a  resolution  passed  by  the  House  of  Representatives  on  May  10, 
1910,  and  printed  in  pt.  3,  H.  Doc.  894,  Gist  Cong.,  2d  sess.] 

No.  1120.] 

An  act  providing  for  the  administration  and  temporary  leasing  and  sale  of  certain  haciendas  and  parcels 
of  land,  commonly  known  as  friar  lands,  for  the  purchase  of  which  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  has  recently  contracted,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  sections  sixty-three,  sixty-four,  and  sixty- 
five  of  an  act  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,"  approved 
on  the  first  day  of  July,  nineteen  hundred  and  two. 

Whereas  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  sections  sixty-three,  sixty-four,  and  sixty- 
five  of  an  act  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  entitled  ''An  act  temporarily  to 
provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,"  approved  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two, 
the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  on  the  twenty-second  day  of  December, 
nineteen  hundred  and  three,  entered  into  contracts  with  the  Philippine  Sugar  Estates 
Development  Company  (Limited),  La  Sociedad  Agricola  de  Ultramar,  the  British- 
Manila  Estates  Company  (Limited),  and  the  Kecoleto  Order  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
for  the  purchase  of  about  one  hundred  and  sixty-four  thousand  one  hundred  and 
twenty-seven  hectares  of  land,  situated  in  the  Provinces  of  La  Laguna,  liulacan, 
Cavite,  Bataan,  Cebu,  Rizal,  Isabela,  and  Mindoro,  for  the  aggregate  sum  of  seven 
million  two  hundred  and  thirty-nine  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty-four  dollars 
and  sixty-six  cents,  money  of  the  United  States;  and 

Whereas  in  said  contracts  of  purchase  it  was  provided,  among  other  things,  that  the 
government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  should  have  a  period  of  six  months  from  the  date 
of  said  contracts  within  which  to  examine  the  titles  to  said  lands  and  also  within  which 
to  survey  the  same  in  order  to  ascertain  whether  there  is  the  quantity  of  land  specified 
in  said  contracts,  and,  in  the  event  there  is  not,  that  a  proportionate  reduction  shall 
be  made  in  the  amounts  agreed  to  be  paid  therefor;  and  it  was  further  provided  in  said 
contracts  that  the  said  parties,  so  agreeing  to  sell,  obligated  themselves  to  convey  good 
and  indefeasible  titles  to  said  lands  by  proper  conveyances;  and 

Whereas  by  said  section  sixty-five  of  said  act  of  Congress  the  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  is  empowered  to  lease  the  said  lands  after  their  acquisition  for  a 
period  not  exceeding  three  years,  and  to  sell  the  same  on  such  terms  and  conditions  as 
it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  contained  in  said  act  of 
Congress:  Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be 
payable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the 
bonds  authorized  to  be  issued  and  sold  for  the  purpose  of  realizing  the  money  necessary 
to  pay  for  said  lands  by  section  sixty-four  of  said  act  of  Congress,  and  that  said  deferred 
payments  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  said  bonds:  And  provided  further, 
That  all  moneys  realized  or  received  from  the  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands, 
or  by  reason  thereof,  shall  constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and 
interest  of  said  bonds,  and  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said 
bonds  at  their  maturity:  And  provided  further ,  That  actual  settlers  and  occupants  at 
the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  government  shall  have  the  preference  over 
all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within  such  reasonable  time  as 
may  be  determined  by  said  government;  and 

Whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  "public  lands"  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words 
are  used  in  the  public  land  act,  numbered  nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  and  can  not 
be  acquired  or  leased  under  the  provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper 
agencies  for  carrying  out  the  terms  of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  requirements 
of  said  act  of  Congress  with  reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and  the 
creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to  secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued:  Now,  therefore, 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  that: 

Section  1.  The  civil  governor  is  authorized  and  directed  to  have  careful  examina- 
tion made  to  ascertain  the  sufficiency  and  soundness  of  the  titles  to  said  land  so  con- 
tracted to  be  purchased  by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  from  the  said 
corporations  as  set  forth  in  the  preamble  hereof. 

His  action  in  employing  the  firm  of  Del  Pan,  Ortigas  and  Fisher,  attorneys  at  law 
in  the  city  of  Manila,  to  make  such  examination  and  also  to  perform  all  legal  services 
required  of  them  in  completing  such  purchases  and  thereafter  in  the  leasing  and  selling 
of  said  lands  as  hereinafter  provided,  they  to  be  compensated  for  their  services  at  the 
rate  of  five  thousand  five  hundred  dollars  per  annum,  payable  monthly,  for  such  time 
as  in  the  opinion  of  the  civil  governor  their  services  may  be  needed,  is  hereby  approved 
and  confirmed. 


144  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Sec.  2.  The  consulting  engineer  to  the  commission  is  hereby  directed  to  have  careful 
surveys  made  of  the  said  haciendas  and  tracts  of  land  in  order  to  ascertain  with  accuracy 
and  certainty  whether  there  is  the  amount  of  land  in  each  of  said  haciendas  and  tracts 
specified  in  said  contracts,  and  for  that  purpose  he  is  empowered  to  put  in  the  field 
and  maintain  the  necessary  surveying  parties,  and  any  funds  in  his  hands  at  the  present 
time  not  in  terms  devoted  to  defraying  the  cost  of  specific  public  works  are  nereby 
declared  available  for  that  purpose.     As  soon  as  these  surveys  shall  have  been  com- 

Eleted  he  shall  make  report  of  the  results  thereof  to  the  civil  governor.     Such  steps  as 
ave  already  been  taken  by  the  consulting  engineer  by  direction  of  the  civil  governor 
looking  to  the  survey  of  said  haciendas  and  lands  are  approved  and  confirmed. 

Sec.  3.  The  firm  of  Del  Pan,  Ortigas  and  Fisher  is  also  directed,  as  soon  as  the  exami- 
nation of  the  title  deeds  to  said  property  shall  have  been  completed,  to  make  report  of 
the  result  of  their  investigations  in  that  behalf  to  the  civil  governor,  and  under  his 
direction  to  supervise  the  final  deeds  of  conveyance  of  said  lands  by  said  corporations 
to  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  civil  governor  is  also  directed  to 
submit  their  report  together  with  the  said  deeds  to  the  attorney-general  for  his  opinion. 

Sec.  4.  The  civil  governor  is  hereby  empowered,  when  it  shall  have  been  ascer- 
tained that  the  titles  to  said  lands  are  perfect  and  indefeasible  and  proper  instruments 
of  conveyance  are  tendered  by  said  corporations,  to  direct  the  payment  to  the  cor- 
porations named  in  the  preamble  of  the  several  sums  agreed  to  be  paid  for  said  lands, 
and  to  that  end  to  draw  the  warrants  of  the  government  of  the  Philip{)ine  Islands  upon 
the  sum  realized  from  the  sale  of  the  bonds  issued  and  sold  as  provided  in  act  num- 
bered ten  hundred  and  thirty-four. 

Sec.  5.  When  the  titles  to  said  lands  are  finally  vested  in  the  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  they  shall  be  under  the  immediate  control  and  direction  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands.  The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  is  empowered  and 
directed,  pending  the  completion  of  the  purchase  of  said  lands,  to  receive,  take  charge 
of,  and  carefully  preserve  the  said  contracts  of  sale  and  purchase  and  all  muniments, 
documents,  title  deeds,  or  other  papers  pertaining  to  said  lands,  and  all  field  notes, 
surveys,  and  other  data  relating  thereto,  and  also  the  deeds  of  conveyance  hereafter 
made  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  said  contracts  of  sale  and  purchase,  and  thereafter  to 
keep  and  ;Meserve  the  same,  except  as  required  for  registration  of  said  lands. 

Sec.  6.  The  title  deeds  and  instruments  of  conveyance  pertaining  to  the  lands  in 
each  province,  when  executed  and  delivered  by  said  grantors  to  the  government  and 
placed  in  the  keeping  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  as  above  provided, 
shall  be  by  him  transmitted  to  the  register  of  deeds  of  each  province  in  which  any  part 
of  said  lands  lies,  for  registration  in  accordance  with  law. 

Sec.  7.  Upon  the  vesting  of  the  titles  to  said  lands  in  the  government  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  by  proper  deeds  of  conveyance,  or  sooner  if  so  directed  by  the  civil 
governor,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  ascertain  the  names  and  resi- 
dences of  the  actual,  bona  fide  settlers  and  occupants  then  in  possession  of  said  lands 
or  of  any  portion  of  them,  together  with  the  extent  of  their  several  holdiilgs  and  the 
character  and  value  thereof.  He  is  also  directed  to  ascertain  from  said  occupanta 
whether  they  desire  to  purchase  their  holdings  upon  the  terms  prescribed  in  the 
succeeding  sections. 

Sec.  8.  In  case  any  occupant  in  possession  does  not  desire  to  purchase  his  holding, 
but  does  desire  to  lease  the  same,  then  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands,  after  vesting  of  title,  to  see  that  such  occupant  attorns  in  due  form  to  the 
government  and  enters  into  a  lease  with  the  usual  convenants  and  agrees  to  pay  a 
reasonable  rental  for  the  use  and  occupation  of  his  holding.  Such  rental  shall  be  fixed 
by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  but  in  no  instance  shall  any  lease  be  made 
for  a  longer  term  than  three  years. 

Sec.  9.  In  the  event  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  should  find  any  of 
the  said  lands  vacant,  he  is  directed  to  take  possession  and  charge  thereof,  ana  he 
may  either  lease  such  unoccupied  lands  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three  years  or  offer 
the  same  for  sale,  as  in  his  judgment  may  seem  for  the  best  interests  of  the  govern- 
ment, and  in  making  such  sales  he  shall  proceed  as  provided  in  chapter  two  of  the 
public  land  act. 

Sec.  10.  Should  he  find  any  of  the  said  lands  in  possession  of  a  person  or  persons 
declining  either  to  buy  or  to  rent,  as  above  set  forth,  he  shall  take  possession  thereof 
if  he  can  do  so  peaceably,  and  if  not  he  shall  begin  proper  legal  proceedings  in  the 
court  of  land  registration  to  settle  title  and  to  oust  him  or  them  frona  his  or  their  hold- 
ings and,  upon  adjudication  in  favor  of  the  government,  shall  likewise  take  possession 
of  the  same  with  the  same  power  and  authority  as  though  originally  vacant.  He 
shall  not,  however,  sell  any  of  the  main  hacienda  houses  or  other  large  and  substan- 
tial buildings  save  upon  a  resolution  of  the  commission  authorizing  him  so  to  do. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  145 

Sec.  11.  Should  any  person  who  is  the  actual  and  bona  fide  settler  upon  and  occu- 
pant of  any  portion  of  said  lands  at  the  time  the  same  is  conveyed  to  the  government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  desire  to  purchase  the  land  so  occupied  by  him,  he  shall 
be  entitled  to  do  so  at  the  actual  cost  thereof  to  the  government,  and  shall  be  allowed 
ten  years  from  the  date  of  purchase  within  which  to  pay  for  the  same  in  equal  annual 
installments,  if  he  so  desires,  all  deferred  payments  to  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four 
per  centum  per  annum. 

Sec.  12.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  by  proper 
investigation  to  ascertain  what  is  the  actual  value  of  the  parcel  of  land  held  by  each 
settler  and  occupant,  taking  into  consideration  the  location  and  quality  of  each 
holding  of  land  and  any  other  circumstances  giving  it  value.  The  basis  of  valuation 
atall  likewise  be,  so  far  as  practicable,  such  that  the  aggregate  of  the  values  of  all 
the  holdings  included  in  each  particular  tract  shall  be  equal  to  the  cost  to  the  gov- 
ernment of  the  entire  tract,  including  the  cost  of  surveys,  administration,  and  inter- 
est upon  the  purchase  money  to  the  time  of  sale.  When  the  cost  thereof  shall  have 
been  thus  ascertained,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  give  the  said 
settler  and  occupant  a  certificate  which  shall  set  forth  in  detail  that  the  government 
has  agreed  to  sell  tb  such  settler  and  occupant  the  amount  of  land  so  held  by  him, 
at  the  price  so  fixed,  payable  as  provided  in  this  act  at  the  office  of  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States  or  its  equivalent  in  Phil- 
ippine currency,  and  that  upon  the  payment  of  the  final  installment,  together  with 
all  accrued  interest,  the  government  will  convey  to  such  settler  and  occupant  the 
said  land  so  held  by  him  by  proper  instrument  of  conveyance,  which  shall  be 
issued  and  become  effective  in  the  manner  provided  in  section  one  hundred  and 
twenty-two  of  the  land  registration  act.  The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands 
shall,  in  each  instance  where  a  certificate  is  given  to  the  settler  and  occupant  of 
any  holding,  take  his  formal  receipt,  showing  the  delivery  of  such  certificate,  signed 
by  said  settler  and  occupant. 

Sec.  13.  The  acceptance  by  the  settler  and  occupant  of  such  certificate  shall  be 
considered  as  an  agreement  by  him  to  pay  the  purchase  price  so  fixed  and  in  the 
installments  and  at  the  interest  specified  in  the  certificate,  and  he  shall  by  such 
acceptance  become  a  debtor  to  the  government  in  that  amount,  together  with  all 
accrued  interest.  In  the  event  that  any  such  settler  and  occupant  may  desire  to 
pay  for  his  holding  of  said  lands  in  cash,  or  within  a  shorter  period  of  time  than  that 
above  specified,  he  shall  be  allowed  to  do  so,  and  if  payment  be  made  in  cash  the 
lands  shall  at  once  be  conveyed  to  him  as  above  provided.  But  if  purchase  is  made 
by  installments,  the  certificate  shall  so  state  in  accordance  with  the  facts  of  the  trans- 
action: Providedf  however,  That  every  settler  and  occupant  who  desires  to  purchase 
his  holding  must  enter  into  the  agreement  to  purchase  such  holding  by  accepting 
the  said  certificate  and  executing  the  said  receipt  whenever  called  on  so  to  do  by 
the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  and  a  failure  on  the  part  of  the  settler  ani 
occupant  to  comply  with  this  requirement  shall  be  considered  as  a  refusal  to  purchase, 
and  ne  shall  be  ousted  as  above  provided  and  thereafter  his  holding  may  be  leased 
or  sold,  as  in  case  of  unoccupied  lands:  And  provided  further,  That  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands  in  his  discretion  may  require  of  any  settler  and  occupant  so 
desiring  to  purchase  that,  pending  the  investigation  requisite  to  fix  the  precise  extent 
of  his  holding  and  its  cost,  he  shall  attorn  to  the  government  as  its  tenant  and  pay  a 
reasonable  rent  for  the  use  of  his  holding;  but  no  such  lease  shall  be  for  a  longer  term 
thau  three  years,  and  refusal  on  the  part  of  any  settler  and  occupant  so  desiring  to 
purchase  to  execute  a  lease  pending  such  investigation  shall  be  treated  as  a  refusal 
either  to  lease  or  to  purchase,  and  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  proceed 
to  oust  him  as  in  this  act  provided. 

Sec.  14.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to  collect  and 
receive  all  rent  and  installments  of  purchase  money  and  interest  thereon  due  and  pay- 
able under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  to  give  proper  receipts  and  acquittances 
therefor  and  make  proper  record  thereof  in  the  books  of  his  office. 

Sec  15.  The  government  hereby  reserves  the  title  to  each  and  every  parcel  of  land 
sold  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  until  the  full  payment  of  all  installments  of  pur- 
chase money  and  interest  by  the  purchaser  has  been  made,  and  any  sale  or  incum- 
brance made  by  him  shall  be  invalid  as  against  the  government  or  the  Philippine 
Islands,  and  shall  be  in  all  respects  subordinate  to  its  prior  claim. 

Sec.  16.  In  the  event  of  the  death  of  a  holder  of  a  certificate  the  issuance  of  which 
is  provided  for  in  section  twelve  hereof,  prior  to  the  execution  of  a  deed  by  the  gov- 
ernment to  any  purchaser,  his  widow  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  a  deed  of  the  land 
stated  in  the  ceritficate  upon  sho\\ing  that  she  has  complied  with  the  requirements 
of  law  for  the  purchase  of  the  same.     In  case  a  holder  oi  a  certificate  dies  before  the 


146  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

giving  of  the  deed  and  does  not  leave  a  widow,  then  the  interest  of  the  holder  of  the 
certificate  shall  descend  and  deed  shall  issue  to  the  persons  who  under  the  laws  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  would  have  taken  had  the  title  been  perfected  before  the 
death  of  the  holder  of  the  certificate,  upon  proof  of  the  holders  thus  entitled  of  com- 
pliance with  all  the  requirements  of  the  certificate.  In  case  the  holder  of  the  certifi- 
cate shall  have  sold  his  interest  in  the  land  before  having  complied  with  all  the  condi- 
tions thereof,  the  purchaser  from  the  holder  of  the  certificate  shall  be  entitled  to  all 
the  rights  of  the  holder  of  the  certificate  upon  presenting  his  assignment  to  the  chief 
of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  for  registration. 

Sec.  17.  In  the  event  that  any  lessee  or  purchaser  of  land  under  the  provisions  of 
this  act  should  fail  to  pay  his  rent  or  any  installment  of  purchase  money  and  interest 
thereon,  or  accrued  interest  on  any  installment  not  due,  when  and  as  the  same  matures, 
it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  at  once  to  protect  the  gov- 
ernment from  loss.  In  the  case  of  a  lease,  when  the  lessee  is  delinquent  in  payment 
of  rent,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  is  empowered  to  declare  the  lease  for- 
feited, making  proper  entry  to  that  effect  in  the  books  of  his  office  and  giving  notice 
thereof  to  the  tenant,  and  to  enter  upon  and  take  possession  of  the  land  held  by  the 
lessee  and  bring  suit  against  the  lessee  for  all  rent  due;  in  the  case  of  a  delinquent 
purchaser,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  may  enforce  payment  of  any  past- 
due  installment  and  interest  by  bringing  suit  to  recover  the  same  with  interest  thereon, 
and  also  to  enforce  the  lien  of  the  government  against  the  land  by  selling  the  same  in 
the  manner  provided  by  act  numbered  one  hundred  and  ninety  for  the  foreclosure 
of  mortgages.  In  the  event  of  such  sale  the  purchaser  at  such  sale  shall  acquire  a 
good  and  indefeasible  title.  The  proceeds  of  sale  shall  be  applied  to  the  payment  of 
the  costs  of  court  and  of  all  installments  due  or  to  become  due  on  such  land.  If  the 
proceeds  of  the  sale  are  sufficient  to  pay  all  delinquent  installments  as  well  as  all 
future  installments  and  all  costs  of  the  litigation,  there  shall  be  no  further  claim  or 
liability  against  the  original  purchaser.  If  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  said  lands  should 
amount  to  more  than  sufficient  to  pay  all  purchase  money  and  interest  due  the  gov- 
ernment and  costs  of  suit,  the  surplus  thereof  shall  be  returned  to  the  original  pur- 
chaser, or  to  the  person  entitled  thereto. 

Sec.  18.  No  lease  or  sale  made  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  valid  until  approved  by  the  secretary  of  the  interior. 

Sec.  19.  No  purchaser  or  lessee  under  this  act  shall  acquire  any  exclusive  rights  to 
any  canal,  ditch,  reservoir,  or  other  irrigation  works,  or  to  any  water  supply  upon 
which  such  irrigation  works  are  or  may  be  dependent,  but  all  of  such  irrigation  works 
and  water  supplies  shall  remain  under  the  exclusive  control  of  the  government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  and  be  administered  under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands  for  the  common  benefit  of  those  interests  dependent  upon  them. 
And  the  government  reserves  as  a  part  of  the  contract  of  sale  in  each  instance  the  right 
to  levy  an  equitable  contribution  or  tax  for  the  maintenance  of  such  irrigation  works, 
the  assessment  of  which  shall  be  based  upon  the  amount  of  benefits  received,  and  each 
purchaser  under  this  act,  by  accepting  the  certificate  of  sale  or  deed  herein  provided 
to  be  given,  shall  be  held  to  assent  thereto.  And  it  is  further  provided  that  all  lands 
leased  or  conveyed  under  this  act  shall  remain  subject  to  the  right  of  way  of  such  irri- 
gation canals,  ditches,  and  reservoirs  as  now  exist  or  as  the  government  may  hereafter 
see  fit  to  construct. 

Sec  20.  All  persons  receiving  title  to  lands  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall 
hold  such  lands  subject  to  the  same  public  servitudes  as  existed  upon  lands  owned  by 
private  persons  under  the  sovereignty  of  Spain,  including  those  with  reference  to  the 
littoral  of  the  sea  and  the  banks  of  navigable  rivers  and  rivers  upon  which  rafting  may 
be  done. 

Sec.  21.  The  civil  governor,  when  authorized  by  resolution  of  the  commission,  may, 
by  proclamation,  designate  any  tract  or  tracts  of  said  lands  aa  nonalienable,  and  reserve 
the  same  for  public  use,  and  thereafter  such  tracts  shall  not  be  subject  to  sale,  lease,  or 
other  disposition  under  this  act. 

Sec.  22.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to  make 
quarterly  reports,  through  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  to  the  commission  showing 
the  lands  leased  or  sold  by  him  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  the 
amounts  of  money  derived  from  such  rentals  and  sales,  and  such  other  information 
as  in  his  opinion  may  be  of  value  to  the  commission  in  connection  with  the  said  lands 
and  their  administration  and  disposition  as  provided  by  this  act.  Both  the  secretary 
of  the  interior  and  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  have  the  right  to  require 
of  the  special  counsel  named  in  the  first  section  hereof,  or  of  their  successors,  such 
advice  and  assistance  as  from  time  to  time  may  be  required  by  them  in  the  performance 
of  their  duties  under  this  act,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  counselors  to  give  such 
legal  advice  and  assistance. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


147 


Sec.  23.  All  moneys  derived  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  from  the 
leasing  or  sale  of  said  lands,  or  from  interest  on  deferred  payments  thereon,  shall  by 
him  be  promptly  deposited  in  the  insular  treasury.  Such  moneys  shall  be  by  the 
treasurer  held  separate  and  apart  from  general  insular  funds  and  shall  constitute  a 
trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  the  principal  and  interest  of  the  seven  million  two  hun- 
dred and  thirty-seven  thousand  dollars  of  bonds,  issued  and  sold  by  the  Secretary  of 
War  in  the  name  and  on  behalf  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  for  the 
purpose  of  raising  money  to  pay  the  purchase  price  of  said  lands  as  provided  in  act 
numbered  ten  hundred  and  thirty-four,  entitled  "An  act  providing  for  the  issue  of 
bonds  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  amount  of  seven  million 
two  hundred  and  thirty-seven  thousand  dollars,  gold  coin  of  the  United  States 
of  the  present  standard  value,  for  the  purpose  of  acquiring  funds  for  the  pay- 
ment of  the  purchase  price  of  certain  large  tracts  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
commonly  known  as  the  friar  lands,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  sections  sixty-three, 
sixty-four,  and  sixty-five  of  the  act  of  Congress  entitled  'An  act  temporarily  to  provide 
for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  for  other  purposes, '  approved  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two."  Said  money 
shall  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  maturity  and  may 
be  invested  and  reinvested  in  safe  interest-bearing  bonds  or  other  securities,  which 
shall  likewise  be  held  by  the  treasurer  as  a  part  of  such  sinking  fund,  and  all  interest, 
dividends,  or  profits  derived  from  said  bonds  or  other  securities  thus  purchased  shall 
likewise  be  a  part  of  such  sinking  fund,  and  may  in  turn  be  invested  and  reinvested 
in  bonds  or  other  securities.  All  purchases  of  bonds  or  other  securities  by  the  treas- 
urer shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  secretary  of  finance  and  justice. 

Sec.  24.  The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  under  the  supervision  of  the  secre- 
tary of  the  interior,  shall  prepare  and  issue  such  forms  and  instructions,  consistent 
with  this  act,  as  may  be  necessary  and  proper  to  carry  into  effect  all  the  provisions 
hereof  that  are  to  be  administered  by  or  under  the  direction  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands,  and  for  the  conduct  of  all  proceedings  arising  under  such  provisions. 

Sec.  25.  The  sum  of  ten  thousand  pesos,  Philippine  currency,  is  hereby  appropri- 
ated, out  of  any  funds  in  the  insular  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  for  the 
Eurpose  of  paying  the  salary  of  the  special  counsel  referred  to  in  the  first  section 
ereof  and  for  making  the  investigations  and  surveys  required  hereby  and  for  the 
general  carrying  out  of  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  26.  The  short  title  of  this  act  shall  be  "The  friar  lands  act." 

Sec,  27.  The  public  good  requiring  the  speedy  enactment  of  this  bill,  the  passage 
of  the  same  is  hereby  expedited  in  accordance  with  section  two  of  "An  act  prescribing 
the  order  of  procedure  by  the  commission  in  the  enactment  of  laws,"  passed  Septem- 
ber twenty-sixth,  nineteen  hundred. 

Sec.  28.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  April  26,  1904. 


[Inclosure  No.  2.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  June  30,  1905. 


Temporary  leases. 

Total  area 
contracted 
ofr  during 

this 
quarter. 

Total 
amoun 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

234 
222 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

r7,127.82 
4,659.36 

due  an 

nually 

from  all 

contracts 

No. 

162 

84 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

h.   a.   c. 
330  05  15 
279  55  33 

executed 
during 

this 
quarter 

San  Francisco  de 

Malabon 

Imus 

h.   a.  c. 
23  22  00 
12  05  04 

381 
200 

h.    a.  c. 

788  93  04 
595  81  08 

86 

h.    a.  c. 

1,142  20  19 

887  41  45 

T7, 127. 82 
4,659.36 

Total 



2,029  61  64 
2,029  61  64 

11,787.18 

Grand  total . 

11,787.18 

148 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


[Inclosure  No.  3.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  July  Sly  1905. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Inumted 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount  of 
rental  due 
annually. 

Amount 
coUexited 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 

86 

h.  a.  c. 
9  08  40 

87 

h.    a.  c. 

180  77  54 

30 

h.  a. 
40  00 

94 

ri,688.40 

^355. 60 

h.  a.  c. 

Total  area  contracted  for  on  all  estates,  as  above  reported 230  51  94 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  monthly  report 2, 029  61  64 

Grand  total  of  area  contracted  for  to  date  on  all  estates 2, 260  13  58 

Total  income  due  annually  from  all  estates  under  all  contracts  above  reported Fl, 588. 40 

Grand  total  of  income  brought  forward  from  last  monthly  report 11, 787. 18 

Grand  total  of  income  due  annually  from  all  estates  to  date 13, 375. 58 

Grand  total  collected  to  date 355.60 

[Inclosure  No.  4.] 

Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  Avjgust  Sly  1905. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Jl 

Amount 
i  of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

311 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

during 

this 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Tala. 

435 

h.  a.  c. 
28  68  36 

h.   a.  c. 
475    6  82 

103 

80 

60 

110 

1 

13 

2 

h.    a.  c. 

102  32  60 
75  95  75 
82  93  00 

173  77  25 
11  80  00 

103  6  26 
3  00  00 

509 
53 
35 
68 
1 
86 

235 

P'4,453.76 
432.08 
470. 48 
996.08 
68.00 
633. 40 
4,296.16 

r2,574.88 

Fledad 



Malinta 

9 

1  63  75 

Matamo  

Dampol 

94 
201 

24  77  39 
37  74  13 

Imua 

239 

586  88  60 

719.66 

1 

Estate. 

Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  an- 
nually from 
all  con- 
tracts ex- 
ecuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Tala       

h.    a.  c. 

606    7  78 
75  95  75 
82  93  00 

175  41  00 
11  80  00 

127  83  65 

627  62  73 

r4,453.76 
432.08 
470.48 
996.08 
68.00 
633.40 
4,296.16 

P'2,674.88 

Piedad           

Malinta 

M&tEino           - 

D&mDol ----. 

Imus  

719.65 

Total                   

107  63  91 
2,260  13  58 

11,349.96 
13,375.68 

3,294.63 
355.60 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  monthly  i 

eport 

Grand  total 

3,967  77  49 

24,725.54 

3, 660. 13 

1 

ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


149 


imciosure  jno.  6.  | 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  September  SO^  1905, 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

o 

St 

3-i-» 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

during 

this 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Tala               

138 

ft.  a.  c. 
6    7  27 

100 

ft.    a.  c. 
179  14  77 

37 
44 
59 
335 

49 

168 

2 

ft.  a.  c. 
37  16  00 
45  47  50 
51  24  75 
324  97  25 
774  67  35 
498  20  19 
123  01  47 

199 
30 
42 

257 
74 

103 

141 

P-1,564.40 
312. 56 
361.52 
1,978.88 
3,378.12 
3,459.92 
2,472.56 

P-1,299.57 

Piedad 

4 
42 
68 

5 
129 

42  50 
6  83  25 

17  78  89 
1  34  34 

20  81  06 

Malinta     

1.80 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Imus 

135 

326    3  00 

739.66 

Estate. 

Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 

Total 
amoimt 
due  an- 
nually from 
all  con- 
tracts ex- 
ecuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

ft.  a.  c. 
221  38  04 
45  47  50 
51  67  25 
331  80  50 
792  46  24 
499  54  53 
469  85  53 

ri,564.40 
312. 66 
361.52 
1,978.88 
3,378.12 
3,459.92 
2,472.56 

n,  299. 67 

Tala                    

Piedad 

Malinta        ..     .             

1.80 

Darapol 

Guiguinto           .  .            ... 

Imus 

739.66 

Total 

2,412  19  59 
3, 967  77  49 

13,527.96 
24,725.54 

2,041.03 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  monthly  report 

•  2,600.63 

Grand  total 

6,379  97  08 

38,253.50 

4,641.66 

o  F3,650.13,  less  !P1,049.60,  difference  between  amounts  received  in  Manila  office  and  amounts  shown  on 
abstract  of  clerks  in  charge  of  estate,  as  explained  in  letter  dated  October  4, 1905,  herewith. 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Public  Lands, 

Manila^  October  4y  1905. 
The  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Manila  J  P.  I. 
Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  invite  your  attention  to  the  note  on  my  September 
friar  lands  report  (B.  P.  L.  Form  No.  29),  concerning  the  change  in  the  amount  of 
collections. 

In  all  of  these  reports  prior  to  this  September  report  I  have  been  reporting  the 
amounts  of  money  collected  by  the  clerks  in  charge  of  the  estates,  as  taken  from  their 
monthly  abstracts  of  collections.  These  differ  from  the  amounts  of  money  received 
in  this  office  from  the  clerks,  inasmuch  as  the  last  remittance  made  by  each  clerk  in 
each  month  is  on  the  24th,  hence  these  abstracts  show  collections  made  during  the 
remaining  six  or  seven  days,  which  have  not  been  remitted,  but  which  they  remit 
during  the  next  month. 

These  abstracts  are  sometimes  slow  in  coming  in,  and  occasionally  have  to  be 
returned  for  correction,  and  this,  if  I  report  the  amounts  collected  by  the  clerks, 
delays  my  report  on  Form  No.  29,  and  hence  hereafter  it  is  my  purpose  to  report  the 
amounts  received  in  this  office  during  the  month.  The  change  is  made  beginning 
with  the  report  for  September,  1905,  which  is  herewith  submitted,  and  in  order  to 
make  it  balance  with  the  books  of  thisoffice,  which  show  the  amount  of  money  received 
in  this  office,  instead  of  with  the  clerks'  abstracts,  credit  is  noted  for  the  difference. 
Very  respectfiflly, 

Will  M.  Tipton, 
Chief  Bureau  of  Public  Land$, 


150 


ADMINISTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


.Inclosure  No.  6.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  September  SO,  1906, 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town 
lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 
during 

this 
quarter. 

No. 
659 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Tala 

ft.  a.  c. 

42  84  03 

498 

ft.    a.  c. 

834  99  13 

170 
124 
119 
445 
1 
62 
168 

ft.   a.   c. 

180  14  60 
121  43  25 
134  17  75 
498  74  50 
11  80  00 
877  73  61 
498  20  19 

802 
83 
77 
325 
1 
160 
103 
376 

F7,606.56 

744. 64 

832. 00 

2,974.96 

68.00 

4,011.52 

3,459.92 

6, 768. 72 

P"3,738.46 

Piedad 

4 
51 

42  50 
8  47  00 

Malinta    .. 

1.80 

Matamo 

162 
330 

42  56  28 

1  34  34 

58  55  19 

Guiguinto. 

Imus.. 

374 

912  91  60 

4  1  126  01  47 

901. 30 

Estate. 


San  Francisco  de  Malal^on 

Tala 

Piedad - 

Malinta 

Matamo 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Imus 

Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  quarterly  report 

Grand  total 


Total  area 

contracted 

for 

during 

this 
quarter. 


1,057  97  76 
121  43  25 
134  60  25 
507  21  50 
11  80  00 
920  29  89 
499  54  53 

1,097  48  26 


4, 350  35  44 
2,029  61  64 


6,379  97  08 


Total 
amount 

due 
annually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 

during 

this 
quarter. 


r7,606.56 

744. 64 

'  832. 00 

2,974.96 

68.00 

4,011.62 

3,459.92 

6,768.72 


26,466.32 
11,787.18 


38, 253.  50 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
quarter. 


r3,738.46 


901. 30 


4,641.56 


[Inclosure  No.  7.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  October  SI,  1905. 


Toinporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Binaebac 

48 
125 

ft.  a.  c. 

3  60  84 
5  52  32 

21 

ft.  n.    c. 

24  .51  25 

6 

268 

89 

129 

282 

1 

6 

24 

3 

ft.  a.    c. 

2  57  65 
139  11  6S 
81  00  50 
110  59  00 
248  79  25 
87  42  00 
8  90  15 
98  54  04 
2  08  24 

54 
160 

71 

99 

215 

1 

134 

11 
152 

r294. 88 
611. 16 
548.  00 
749.  24 

1,523.84 
349.  68 
229.  80 
556.  52 

2, 420.  89 

n,251.72 

'Pala                          

Piedad 

3 
12 

27  50 
1  81  25 

Malinta                       

San  Marcos 

Damnol 

laj 

133 

21  55  82 

1  15  32 

20  79  19 

Imus. .           

165 

348  42  54 

648.  9i 

ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  151 

Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  October  31,  1905 — Con. 


Estate. 

Total  area 

contracted 

for  during 

this 

month. 

Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

h.  a.  c. 
30  69  74 

144  64  00 
81  00  50 

116  86  50 

250  60  50 
87  42  00 
30  45  97 
99  69  36 

371  29  97 

P-294.  88 
611. 16 
548. 00 
749.  24 

1,523.84 
349.  68 
229.  80 
556. 52 

2,426.80 

1^1,251.72 

Binagbag 

Tala  - .      .                

Piedad 

Malinta 

San  Marcos                                                               

Dampol 

Guiguinto...     ...                 .   .                 .              

Imus 

648.  01 

Total 

1,212  68  54 
6, 379  97  08 

7,289.92 
38,253.50 

1,900.63 
4,641.56 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  Tiionthly  report 

Grand  total 

7, 592  65  62 

45,543.42 

6,542.19 

[Inclosure  No.  8.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  November  30,  1905. 


To 

Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

wn  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month 

Xo. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 
Binagbag    . . 

25 
11 

h.  a.  c. 

2  94  31 
66  56 

9 

h.  a.  c. 
12  10  00 

7 
40 
34 

36 
141 
147 

ft.  a.  c. 

5  78  00 
21  17  76 
37  48  75 
28  59  00 
206  21  92 
113  05  75 

36 
24 
25 

29 
217 
115 



nso.  56 
86.40 
237. 12 
184. 16 
723.  50 
735.  52 

PI,  386.  99 

Tala. . . . : 

109.  06 

Piedad... 

2 

228 
6 

17  50 

19  13  28 

1  55  00 

94.62 

Muntinlupa 

40 

52  34  80 

Malinta 

380.  70 

San  Marcos  o 

Matamo  « 

Dampol 

11 

1  85  79 

1 

23 

i  42  60 
89  55  04 

12 
10 
134 

21.80 

577.  36 

1, 536.  00 

Guiguinto 

Imus . . 

120 

13  59  66 

132 

225  78  30 

1  750  40 

Estate. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Binagbag 

Tala.  ..: 

Piedad '. 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta _ 

Dampol 

<  i  uiguinto 

Imus 

Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last  monthly  report 

Grand  total 

a  All  leased. 


Total  area 

contracted 

for  during 

this 

month. 


h.  a.  c. 

20  82  31 

21  84  32 
37  48  75 
28  76  50 

277  70  00 
115  20  75 
3  28  39 
89  55  04 
239  37  96 


834  04  02 
7, 592  65  62 


1, 426  69  64 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 


P-180. 56 

86.40 

237. 12 

184. 16 

723.  50 

735.  52 

21.  80 

577.  36 

1,536.00 


4, 282.  42 
45, 543.  42 


49, 825.  84 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


PI,  386. 99 


109. 06 

94.62 


380.  70 
'i,^  750."  40 


3, 721.  77 
6,542.19 


10,263.96 


152 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


[Inclosure  No.  9.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  January  31,  1906, 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Tow^n  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  a 

h.  0.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

Isabela  & 

San  Francisco  de  MaJabon. 
Binagbas:  c 

16 

26  50 

19 

27  14  00 

4 

31    4  00 

25 

r415. 12 

ri,875.17 

Tala. ...  - 

31 
5 
8 

3  21  53 

38  16 

1  88  42 

15 
14 
90 

27  22  90 
30  40  60 
137  48  99 

36 
14 
72 

186.  24 
160. 32 
723.  44 

230  14 

Piedad 

242  76 

Malinta 

591.62 

San  Marcos  d 

174.  84 

Matamo  d 

34.00 

Dampol 

1 

8  12 

1 
8 

i    7  72 
29  88  81 

2 

8 

5.52 
191. 92 

733  30 

Guiguinto 

2,274.56 

Banilad  « 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

2 
444 
94 
64 

3  62  80 
517  48  44 
294  60  96 
173  99  97 

4 
67 

9 
86 

6 

1 

27  98 

85  60  81 

18  47  23 

419  56  77 

14  64  60 

60  00 

3 
604 
82 
211 
5 
32 

17.68 
4, 694.  75 
3,137.52 
5,498.96 

71.20 
1,181.20 

Imus 

585 
82 
195 

67  11  31 
8  86  26 
13  19  33 

823. 62 

Bifian...  . 

Calamba 

53  42 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

13 

52  73 

50 

116  33  37 

295.30 

Orion  « 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

82 

3  33  50 

78 

179  33  00 

9 
1 
15 

11  72  00 

1  20  00 
282    9  27 

86 
1 
71 

1,547.44 

7.20 
4,867.92 

484. 10 

Santa  Rosa 

59 

8  42  05 

107 

385  54  26 

Estate. 

Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

Progress  of  surveys  to 
January  31,  1906. 

San  Jose  a 

h.  a.  c. 

Completed. 

Begun. 

7  per  cent  completed. 

Begun. 

Isabela  & ... 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

58  44  50 

r415. 12 

n,  875. 17 

Binagbag  c , , . . 

Tala 

30  44  43 
30  78  76 
139  37  41 

186. 24 
160.32 
723.44 

230. 14 
242.  76 
591. 62 
174. 84 
34.00 
733. 30 
2,274.66 

Piedad 

Malinta 

Do. 

San  Marcos  <* 

Completed. 

90  per  cent  completed. 

Completed. 

25  per  cent  completed. 

Matamo  d, 

Dampol.  - » 

1  15  84 
29  88  81 

6.52 
191.  92 

Guiguinto 

Banilad  < 

Talislay-Manglanilla 

3  90  78 
670  10  56 
321  94  45 
606  76    7 
14  64  60 
117  46  10 

17.68 
4, 694.  75 
3, 137.  52 
5, 498.  96 

71.20 
1, 181.  20 

Imus 

823. 62 

4.8  per  cent  completed. 
Begun. 
Do. 

Blflan 

Calamba 

63. 42 

Lolomboy 

5  per  cent  completed. 
Begun. 
Do. 

Naic 

295.30 

Orion  « 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

194  38  50 

1  20  00 

676    5  58 

1,547.44 

7.20 

4,867.92 

484. 10 

Do. 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Do. 

Santa  Rosa. .  ..• 

Do. 

Total 

2,896  56  39 
9,500  55  42 

22, 706.  43 
58, 128.  82 

7,812.83 
/ 13, 232. 84 

Grand  total  brought  forw 
monthly  report. 

ard  f] 

rom  last 

Grand  total. 

12,397  11  SI 

80-  JW.'i-  S.*! 

21,045.67 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month, 
ft  Some  leases  made  but  not  received. 
c  Practically  all  leased. 
d  All  leased. 

«  Some  leases  made  but  not  received . 

/Reports for  July,  August,  September,  Octpber,  November,  and  Decen^ber,  1905,  per  correction  sheet 
9ttti\che^, 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


153 


Total  collections  hy  months,  showing  corrected  amounts, 
[Correction  sheet  to  accompany  monthly  report  for  January.] 


Estate. 

July. 

August. 

Septem- 
ber. 

October. 

Novem- 
ber. 

Decem- 
ber. 

Total. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Imus 

P355.  60 

F2,574.98 
719.  80 

F895.  22 

212.  02 

1.80 

n,565.55 

1,165.79 

182.  70 

88.  46 

59.22 

ri,228.74 

1,516.41 

358.  06 

38.  86 

57.  92 

r964.  29 
599.  20 
387.  74 
64.84 
48.26 
147.  38 

P7,58138 

4, 213.  22 

930.  30 

Malinta 

Tala 

192  16 

Piedad 

165.  40 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

147. 38 

Total 

355.  60 

3, 294.  78 

1,109.04     3.061.7'? 

3, 199.  99 

2, 211.  71 

13,232.84 

July F355. 60 

Aus^ust 3, 294.  78 

September 1, 109. 04 

October 3',  061.  72 

Novem  ber 3, 199.  99 

December 2, 211.  71 

13, 232. 84 
[Inclosure  No.  10.] 

Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  February  S8,  1906. 


Tempora 

•y  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 
during 

this 
month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  a 

h,  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h,  a.  c. 

If  200  00 

Isabela 

28 
19 

32  80  00 
81  32  00 

27 
58 

P541. 00 
630.  OO 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . . . 
BinasbasT  b       . 

51 

3  46  82 

2 

44  00 

3, 114.  62 
302  66 

Tala 

17 
2 

2 

1  28  17 
19  20 
24  00 

8 
17 
20 

16  35  60 

28  84  80 
30    7  91 

•    22 
18 
20 

89.20 
149.28 
153. 12 

165  20 

Piedad...              

333  92 

Malinta 

571  04 

San  Marcosc 

Matamo  c 

Dampol... 

1 
12 
2 

135 
29 
89 

120 
96 
84 
96 
10 
64 

21  00 

4  1     8 
9  28 

12  79  00 
2    2  67 
()    1  49 

13  67  68 

14  96  99 

5  46  14 

6  60  79 
1  28  40 
4  95  35 

1 
13 
19 
147 
30 
107 
206 
118 
95 
108 
59 
95 

2.12 

312.  84 

100.  88 

551.  76 

1,612.48 

3. 155.  32 

2,542.48 

6,510.56 

1,775.12 

1,868.00 

1,188.47 

6,030,96 

1  354  34 

Guiguinto 

19 
38 

9 

3 

37 

408 

15 

28 

6 
141 

8 

44  66  73 

23  96    8 

10  14  92 

48    4  29 

269  27  92 

343  84  14 

30  71  27 

82  27  95 

3    8  00 

206  80  20 

82  50  23 

'  381.  82 

Talisav-Manglanilla 

15 
59 
41 
15 

2  63  79 
63  57    7 
145     1  77 
53  83  55 

Imus." 

1,750.76 

Binan . .             

1  196  62 

Calamba 

789. 94 

Lolomboy 

51  38 

Naic 

199 

78 
94 

510  68    9 
133  90  46 
234  74  67 

1,829.22 

Orion 

210  06 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Fandi 

384. 00 

Santa  Rosa 

177 

572  38  45 

1,354.00 

a  No  tenants 
6  Practically 
c  All  leased. 

82278°— H.  Kept 

^affe^ 

-.225 

ing  privilt 
ised. 

)9,  61-3- 

igegr 
1 

inted  at  20 
4 

cents 

per  head  p 

sr  men 

th. 

154 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  February  28,  1906— 

Continued. 


Estate. 


Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 


Progress  of  surveys  to 
February  28,  1906. 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


San  Joseo 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

Binagbag  b 

Tala 

Piedad 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 

Dampol 

Gulguinto 

Talisay-ManglanilJa 

Imus , 

Bifian 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic , 

Orion.... 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi , 

Santa  Rosa 


??.  a.  c. 


32  80  00 

85  22  82 


P541. 00 
630. 00 


17  63  77 

29  4  00 

30  31  91 


89.20 
149.  28 
153. 12 


Completed 

Begun 

8.1  per  cent  completed 
Begun 


P'200.00 


21  00 
48  67  81 
26  69  15 
86  60  99 
195  8  73 
329  12  96 
357  51  82 
556  36  35 
221  64  55 
244  43  46 
208  8  60 
659  84  3 


2.12 

312.  84 

100.88 

551.  76 

1,612.48 

3, 155.  32 

2, 542.  48 

6, 510. 56 

1,775.12 

1,868.00 

1,188.47 

6,030.96 


1  per  cent  completed. , 

Completed. 

do 

do 

50  per  cent  completed. 


3, 114. 62 
302.  66 
165.  20 
333.  92 
571. 04 


1,354.34 
381. 82 


5  per  cent  completed. 

Begun 

do 

5  per  cent  completed. 


1,750.76 
1, 196. 62 
789.  94 
51.38 
1,829.22 
210.06 
384.00 


Begun. 


1,354.00 


Total 

Grand  total  brought   forward  from    last 
monthly  report. 


3, 129  21  95 
'^12,317  67  37 


27,213.59 
d  80, 299.  21 


13,989.58 
21,045.67 


Grand  total 15,446  89  32 


107,512.80    35.035.25 


a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

6  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased". 

d  Amount  corrected  on  account  of  canceled  leases. 

List  of  canceled  leases — February. (^ 


No. 

Estate. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental  con- 
tracted. 

1101 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Ti.  a.  c. 
1  90  00 
3  00  00 

6  88  07 
11  13  26 

3  89  12 
9  96  81 

7  71  71 

3  34  40 
26  90  63 

4  70  44 

^•29. 04 

111 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon .                 

24  00 

167 

Dampol 

27  84 

271 

do 

45.12 

30 

Santa  Rosa 

29  76 

43 

do 

102  32 

55 

do 

80  08 

51 

Guiguinto 

13  40 

116 

do 

152  64 

76 

Calamba 

31  84 

Total 

79  44  44 

536  04 

o  Amounts  deducted  from  totals  appearing  on  last  monthly  report. 


ADMINISTBATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


155 


[Inclosure  No.  11.} 
Friar  lands  memorandum  of  progress  to  March  1,  1906. 


Name  of  estate. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon.. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Imus 

Naic 

Guiguinto 

Dampol 

Matamo 

San  Marcos 

Binagbag 

Lolomboy 

Pandi 

Malinta 

Tala 

Piedad 

Binan 

Santa  Rosa 

Muntinlupa 

Banilad 

Talisay 

Calaraba 

Orion 

Isabela 

San  Jose 


Total 

Less  canceled  leases . 


Net. 


Total  area. 


Number 
of  tempo- 
rary 


449.00 
795.00 
243.00 
624.00 
945. 68 
928. 93 
11.80 
87.42 
294. 75 
177.49 
342.00 
574. 00 
696.00 
860.00 
659.00 
470.00 
827.00 
925.00 
020.00 
673.00 
916.00 
891.00 
485.00 


1,379 

492 

1,899 

178 

175 

319 

1 

1 

184 

329 

167 

901 

328 

309 

296 

411 

308 

4 

74 

542 

276 

27 


8,600 


Per  cent 

of  area 

occupied. 


(&) 


45 
30 
40 
35 
85 
95 
100 
100 


Per  cent 
of  area 
leased. 


21.7 
8.5 
18.9 
8 

87.6 
100 
100 
100 
56.5 
7.2 
2 
33.5 
4.7 
10.2 
16.2 
25.3 
11.2 
.2 
.4 
7 
24.2 
.2 


Per  cent 

of  area 

surveyed. 


50 
100 
100 
100 

50 
5 


(a) 


(a) 


(a) 
100 


Annual 
income 
con- 
tracted for. 


$16,976.46 
6,731.04 
21,219.31 
7,691.78 
5,324.88 
4,337.68 
68.00 

349. 68 

697.56 
2,613.68 
1,195.67 
7,120.06 
2,004.48 
2,420.36 
5,529.60 
11,411.60 

855.42 
16.80 

133.52 
8,835.16 
1,775.12 

541.00 


108,048.84 
536.04 


107,512.80 


a  Begun. 


c  No  occupants. 


6  No  report. 
[Inclosure  No.  12.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  June  30,  1906. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  a 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

F190.00 

Isabela 

22 

20  75  00 

21 

r207. 52 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

832. 71 

Binafifbaerft     

Tala. 

1 
2 
1 

19  20 
14  40 
14  80 

9 
4 
2 
5 

13  51  20 
8  40  00 
1  00  00 
5  54  40 

9 
6 
2 
3 

45.60 
41.28 
2.76 
18.08 

142.70 

Piedad ...           

232. 78 

Muntinlupa 

38.56 

Malinta.. 



546. 14 

San  Marcos  c 

174. 84 

Matamo. 

34.00 

Dampol...             .  . 

1 
1 

77 

768 

12 

2 

22 

130 

10 

1 

25  90 

38  40 

160  64    1 

344  10  90 

11  68  33 

11    7  00 

138  52  38 

60    3  00 

16  52  88 

69    6 

1 

1 

95 

463 

186 

391 

66 

130 

53 

3 

85 

655 

242 

1.20 

1.56 

1,019.92 

2,909.82 

752. 00 

772. 88 

1,899.78 

393. 92 

355.68 

8.48 

229. 68 

5,091.00 

1,333.20 

1,331.58 

Guiguinto 

2,509.00 

Banilad. 

52 

208 

163 

388 

44 

50 

42 

2 

83 

291 

224 

2  63  94 
8  62  90 
13  96  70 
25  21  29 
2    4  43 
2  73  00 
4    4  43 
2  40 
1  98  85 

12  15  00 

13  40  56 

21 

346 
53 
14 

28 

38  51  60 
82  50  22 
92  81  89 
22    3  42 
119  53  39 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus . . 

2,305.69 

Binan 

954. 22 

Calamba 

1,278.32 

Lolombov . 

1,908.00 

Naic... 

13 

18  81    7 

1,135.79 

Orion 

275. 50 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

9 

22  18  60 

2,025.30 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

895 
5 

995  95  60 
37  67  51 

2,217.40 

Santa  Rosa. 

40 

93  82  33 

2, 173.  46 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month, 
b  Practically  all  leased, 
c  All  leased. 


156  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  June  30,  1906 — Con. 


Estate. 


San  Jose 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 


Binagbaga 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  b 

Matamo 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Banilad 

Tallsay-Manglanilla . 
Imus 


Binan . 


Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon . 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. . . 
Santa  Rosa 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 
last  monthly  report. 

Grand  total 


Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 


20  75  00 


13  70  40 
8  54  40 
1  14  80 
5  54  40 


25  90 

38  40 

201  79  55 

435  24  2 

118  46  92 

58  31  71 

260  10  20 
62  76  00 
39  38  38 
71  46 
24  17  45 
1,008  10  60 
144  90  40 


2, 404  29  99 
c27,220  88  29 


29,625  18  28 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 


P207. 52 


45.60 
41.28 
2.76 
18.08 


1.20 

1.56 

1,019.92 

2,909.82 

752. 00 

772. 88 

1,899.78 

393.  92 

355. 68 

8.48 

229. 68 

5,091.00 

1,333.20 


Progress  of  survey  to 
July  1, 1906. 


15,084.36 
dl90,801. 11 


205,885.47 


Completed 

60  per  cent  completed . 

16.8  per  cent  com- 
pleted. 

Completed 

No  work  done 

do 

do 

4.8  per  cent  completed . 
Completed 

[[[[do'." '."'."'."'.. 
do 

No  work  done 

do 

13.9  per  cent  com- 
pleted. 

29.8  per  cent  com- 
pleted. 

5.1  per  cent  completed. 

5  per  cent  completed . . 

No  work  done 

do 

do 

0.8  per  cent  completed . 

17.6  per  cent  com- 
pleted. 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


F190. 00 
"'832.' 7i 


142.70 

232.  78 

38.56 

546. 14 

174. 84 

34,00 

1,331.58 

2,509.00 


2,305.69 

954. 22 

1,278.32 
1,908.00 
1, 135.  79 
275. 50 
2,025.30 
2,217.40 
2,173.46 


20,305.99 
«78,355.31 


98,661.30 


a  Practically  all  leased. 

b  All  leased. 

c  Amount  corrected  per  list;  canceled  leases  attached. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list;  canceled  leases  attached. 

<5  Adjusted  balance:  Errors  corrected  and  refunds  deducted. 

List  of  canceled  leases,  month  of  June^  1906. 


No. 

Estates. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental  con- 
tracted for. 

195 

Calamba 

h.  a.  c. 
2  27  40 

2  40  00 

9  60 

62  50 

1  90  96 

7  22  41 

3  90  00 
1  95  66 
1  58  12 

33  52 
11  47  20 
5  56  80 

F13.68 

309 

Piedad 

4.80 

338 

do 

.88 

506 

Malinta 

5.69 

834 

do... 

9.52 

144 

Naic 

64.24 

310 

do 

39.68 

6 

Talisay 

6.88 

83 

do 

12.80 

194 

Banilad ...  . 

0  1.36 

303 

Pandi 

91.76 

304 

.do.           

43.28 

Total 

39  34  17 

294. 48 

Error  in  list  of  leases  canceled  during  the  month  of  March  No.  294  annual 
rental  reported  as  F0.80  instead  of  TO.SS 

.08 

Corrected  total 

39  34  17 

294. 56 

a  See  statement  for  July,  1906. 


ADMINISTRATION   OP  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


157 


[Inclosure  No.  13.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  July  31,  1906. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigate 

d  farms, 
rea. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually 

Amount 

collected 

during 

this 
month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

A 

San  Jose  a, 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

F170. 00 

San  Francisco  de  Mala- 
bon 

1 

1  97 

1 

7 
5 

F0.80 
112. 48 
122.00 

230. 04 

Tala 

10 
9 

21  56  00 
21  36  00 

172. 08 

Piedad 

145. 52 

Muntinlupa 

.76 

Malinta...   . 

1 

39  43. 11 

28 

82  13  20. 25 

12 

401. 28 

551  82 

Dampol 

532. 46 

Guiguinto 

458. 82 

Banilad 

42 

239 

32 

110 

5 

4 

1 

2  27  18 

12  59  41 

2  24  96 

6  30  86 

31  56 

30  00 

1  60 

23 

509 

17 

10 

22  10  16 
94  37  99 
30  48  36 
18  26  98 

47 

897 

12 

41  16  73 
320    1  24 
26    3  60 

75 

723 

44 

110 

23 

16 

1 

3 

18 

21 

62 

374. 96 

3,081.76 

266.  72 

295. 92 

1,873.36 

86.32 

1,440.80 

40.08 

15.20 

142. 24 

376.88 

Talisay-Manglanilla . . . 

Imus 

1,373.91 
512  32 

Binan 

Calamba 

20 
18 

48  81  19 
13  72  80 

697. 06 

Lolomboy 

925  94 

Naic 

1,244.46 

Orion 

1 

12  48 

3 

9  67  98 

357  62 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

19 

6 
64 

27  57 

22  20 

3  68  61 

612. 10 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi . 

23 
2 

30  96  60 
34  89  84 

1, 204.  60 

Santa  Rosa 

4 

16  66  47 

2, 150. 90 

Estate. 

Total  area  con- 
tracted for  dur- 
ing this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Progress  of  surveys  to 
July  31,  1906. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Jose  o    . 

h.   a.   c. 

Comple 
80  per  c 

ted 

F170. 00 

Isabela ^  ! 1 

ent  comnleted- 

San  Francisco  de  Malab 
Binagbagft 

on 

1  97 

ro.80 

19.2  per  cent  comnletedl 

230. 04 

Comple 
No  wor 

do. 

...  .do. 

ted 1 

Tala  .. 

21  56  00 
21  36  00 

112. 48 
122. 00 

kdont 

172.08 

Piedad 

145  52 

Muntinlupa 

.76 

Malinta 

82  52  63.  30 

461. 28 

6.2  per  cent  comDleted.  1 

551. 82 

San  Marcos  c. 

Comple 

ted 

Matamo  c 

Dampol.. 

1         

.  .do 

532.  46 

Guiguinto 

do 

458. 82 

Banilad. 

65  54    7 

426  98  64 

58  76  92 

24  57  84 

49  12  75 

14    2  80 

1  60 

9  80  46 

27  55 

31  18  80 

55  24  92 

374. 96 

3,081.76 

266. 72 

295. 92 

1,873.36 

86. 32 

1,440.80 

40.08 

15.20 

142. 24 

376.88 

No  work  done 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

do. 

15.3  per 

Imus 

rpnt  oom-nlptpsd 

1,373.91 

Binan 

32.1  per  cent  completed 
5.9  per  cent  completed. 
5  per  cent  completed . . 

No  work  done 

2.5  per  cent  completed. 

No  work  done 

2.2  per  cent  completed. 
21.1  per  cent  completed 

512. 32 

Calamba . 

697.06 

Lolomboy 

925. 94 

Naic . . . 

1,244.46 
357.  62 

Orion.... 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi.  . 

612. 10 

1,204.60 

Santa  Rosa 

2, 150. 90 

Total 

861    2  95. 36 
d  29, 206  65  17 

8, 690. 80 
i204, 145. 39 

11,340.41 

Orand  total  brought  forward  from  last 
monthly  report. 

98,661.30 

Grand  total . . 

30.067  68  12.36 

212, 836. 19 

110,001.71 

! 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  canceled  leases  herewith  attached. 


158  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  July,  1906. 


Estate. 

Lease  Nos. 

Total 
area. 

Total 

rental 

deducted. 

Banilad 

1,475 

h.  a.  c. 

3  30  00 

14  83  55 

309  09  99 

86  40 
43  01  25 

18  44  69 

8  91  00 

9  79  50 
10  60  25 

^^26. 80 

Calamba  . .       

677 

114.88 

Tmus ....   _.,.,.-.- , . 

22, 134, 149, 193,  200, 202,  211,  214, 

227,498,1649,2443. 
182 

986. 48 

Lolomboy 

6.16 

Malinta 

3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 20, 22, 25,  35, 

37. 
25,146,507..   .                 

262. 00 

Naic  . 

185. 84 

Pandi . . . . 

494 

35.92 

Piedad 

4.13,16,21  - 

65.92 

Tala 

11, 15, 28, 36, 37, 39 

57.44 

Total 

418  86  63 
33  52 

1, 741. 44 
1.36 

Lease  No.  194,  Banilad  estate,  erroneously  re- 
ported as  canceled  during  month  of  June,  1906. 

, 

Corrected  total 

418  53  11 

1,740.08 

[Inclosure  No.  14.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  August , 


1906. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

To 
No. 

wn  lots. 
Area. 
h.  a.  c. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated  farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

No. 

Area. 
h.  a.  c. 

No. 

Area. 
h.  a.  c. 

during 

this 
month. 

San  Jose  a 

F180. 00 

Isabela 

40 

34  76  00 

3 

2  00  00 

21 

P183. 92 

ft  897. 00 

San  Francisco  de  Mala- 
bon 

101.68 

Binagbag  c 

271.00 

Tala 

27 
16 

47  45  80 
38  69  70 

20 
9 

229. 68 
215.76 

87.94 

Piedad 

1 

4  80 

70.64 

Muntinlupa .... 

Malinta 

18 

6    2  35 

100 

193  12  94.53 

72 

1,153.92 

599. 68 

San  Marcos  <^ 

Matamod J 

Dampol  .                         i 

90.74 

Guiguinto 

1 

16 
45 
13 
33 
12 
16 

7 

7  20 
56  81 

2  31  48 
65  09 

2  21  72 
76  21 
56  40 
65  27 

1 
27 
135 
18 
35 
55 
33 
12 

1.20 
40.56 
525.52 
531. 64 
215. 92 
240. 34 
74.88 
183.04 

56.94 

Banilad ].. 

2 

73 

4 

3 

4  20 
21  00  88 
7  32  38 
5  29  91 

12 
135 

3  95  56 
.^3  17  82 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

I         1  50  00 

1,661.36 

Binan 

5 
58 
22 

5 

28  80  74 
32  83  43 
11  88  00 
35  75  62 

2,005,82 

Calamba  .. 

1,143.54 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion.  .. 

1,326.22 

1 

10  00  00 

1,447.22 
504. 84 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

5 
18 
59 

5  85 

61  80 

4  63  75 

1 

2  20  00 

5 
57 
64 

21.60 
353. 92 
192. 04 

366. 20 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

61  1    71  18  40 
1  1      1  44  39 

2, 976. 24 

Santa  Kosa 

7 

10  33  80 

2,324.80 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 
b  Amount  reported  too  late  for  July  reports. 
c  Practically  all  leased. 
d  All  leased. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


159 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  August  31,  1906 — 

Continued. 


Estate. 

Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

month. 

Total 
amount  due 
annually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 

Total 

amount 

collected 

this  month. 

Progress  of  surveys  to 
August  31, 1906. 

San  Joseo 

h.  a.  c. 

F180.00 

b 897. 00 

101.08 

271.00 

87.94 

70.64 

Complete. 

80  per  cent  complete. 
23.5  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 
No  survey. 
Do. 

Isabela 

36  76  00 

P183. 92 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Tala 

47  45  80 
38  74  50 

229. 68 
215.76 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa.      .  . 

Do. 

Malinta 

i99  ih  29.53 

1,153.92 

599. 68 

12.5  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 

San  Marcosd 

Matamod 

Dampol 

90.74 
56.94 

Do. 

Guiguinto. .          . .          .  . 

7  20 
4  56  57 
76  50  18 
9  47  47 
36  32  37 
33  59  64 
12  44  40 
46  40  89 

1.20 
40.56 
525.52 
531.64 
215.92 
240. 34 
74.88 
183.04 

Do. 

Banilad 

Begun. 

No  survey. 

19  per  cent  complete. 

41.7  per  cent  complete. 

6.1  per  cent  complete. 

8.2  per  cent  complete. 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

1,661.36 
2,005.82 
1,143.54 
1,326.22 
1,447.22 
604. 84 
366. 20 
2,976.24 
2,324.80 

Binan 

Calamba . .            .           ... 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Begun. 

35.1  per  cent  complete. 

No  survey. 

Orion ... 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

2  25  85 
71  80  20 
16  41  94 

21.60 
353. 92 
192. 04 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

3.3  per  cent  complete. 
21.1  per  cent  complete. 

Santa  Rosa 

Total 

631  98  30. 53 
29,878  55  70.36 

4, 163. 94 
211,715.63 

16,111.86 
110,001.71 

Grand  total  brought  forward 
from  last  monthly  report  c. . . 

Grand  total 

30,510  54  00.89 

215,879.57 

126,113.57 

a  No  tenants,  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Amount  reported  too  late  for  July  reports. 

c  Practically  all  leased. 

d  All  leased. 

«  Amount  corrected  per  list  canceled  and  expired  leases  herewith  attached. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  August,  1906. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Total  rental 
deducted. 

Banilad 

537,  591 

h.  a.  c. 
7  52  08 
3    00    00 

17  26  83 
100    06    00 

62 
19    27    50 

7  50    81 
25    62    50 

8  86    08 

T32. 64 

Calamba .  . 

1117.  .                                            

18.00 

Dampol 

78, 114,  228,  229,  250 

72.48 

Malinta 

1, 2, 5,  6,  8, 14, 16, 18, 19,  23, 24,  30, 31,  32,  34, 38, 
41, 42, 44, 46, 49, 50, 52, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62,  63, 65, 
66,74,75,88,89,90,94,96,98,100,107,109,112, 
113,  118,  120,  125,  131,  136,  152,  156,  162,  163, 
164, 168, 169, 198,  251,  414,  428. 

587. 60 

Naic 

.80 

Piedad 

11,18,23,24,35,36 

112. 88 

Santa  Rosa 

461 

75.12 

Tala 

1, 7,  8, 12, 19,  24,  25,  27,  32,  34,  35,  41,  43,  48,  49, 

50,54,55,56,165,179. 
121, 1132, 1347, 1403, 1523 

136.72 

Talisay 

84.32 

Total 

189    12    42 

1,120.56 

160 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


[Inclosure  No.  15.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  September  30,  1906. 


Temporary  leases 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

x\0. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  <i 

h.   a.    c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.   a.   c. 

nso.  00 

Isahela 

7 

6  72 

2 

r33. 64 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

743.86 

Binagbag  ^                   .  . 

.30 

Tala 

14 
19 

16  82  40 
39  48  00 

9 

11 

122.64 
229. 52 

78.18 

Piedad 

2 

33  GO 

283. 16 

Muntinlupa 

169.09 

Malinta                                     12 

4  57  04. 17 

150 

356  CO  44 

106 

1,946.72 

642. 34 

San  Marcos  « ' 

Matamo  ^ 



Dampol           ^ 

27.08 

Guiguinto 



3.22 

Banilad 

15 
30 
34 

2  23  71               2 
5  39  95             40 
2  36  59             12 

2  33  40 
8  07  70 
12  52  29 

6 
93 

13  74  21 
44  62  71 
3  50 

17 
101 
37 

221.68 
533.04 
116.16 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imu3 

2, 253. 33 

Binan 

2,318.96 
980. 24 

Calamba 

15 
3 
14 

1  38  15        !       1 

1  92  64 

48 
5 

17  08  95 
2  20  80 

50 
8 
12 

173.16 
19.44 
64.96 

Lolomboy.             .      .   . 

39  60 
72  44 

889. 50 

Naic 

2 

4  77  51 

1,136.58 

Orion  . 

284. 38 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

1 

4  50 

1 
6 
1 

45.04 
12.80 
36.08 

1,393.00 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. 

4 

20  40 

2 
1 

2  78  40 
12    2  25 

659. 46 

Santa  Rosa 

1,972.49 

Estate. 


San  Jose  « 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

Binagbag  b 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  e 

Matamo  e 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Biaan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 

last  monthly  report./ 
Grand  total 


Total  area  con- 
tracted for  dur- 
ing this  month. 


6  72  00 


16  82  40 
39  81  60 


361  18  08. 17 


18  31  32 
58  10  36 
18  38  88 


20  39  74 
2  ()0  40 
5  49  95 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 


r33. 64 


122.  64 
229. 52 


1,946.72 


221.68 
533.04 
116. 16 


173. 16 
19.44 
64. 96 


4  50  00 
2  98  80 
12    2  25 


567  35  78.17 
30,191  37  31.89 


30, 758  73  10. 06 


45. 04 
12.80 
36.08 


3, 554. 88 
213,953.09 


217,507.97 


Total 

amount 

collected 

this  month. 


P180. 00 


743. 86 
.30 

C78.18 

283. 16 

169.09 

d  642. 34 


27.08 
3.22 


2,253.33 
2,318.96 

980.24 

889.50 
1, 136.  58 

284. 38 
1,393.00 

659.46 
1, 972. 49 


14,015.17 
126, 113. 57 


Surveys'  progress 
to  September  30, 
1900. 


Completed. 
80  per  cent. 
27.7  per  cent. 
Completed. 
No  surveys. 

Do. 

Do. 
15  per  cent. 
Completed. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 
Begun. 
No  surveys. 
19.7  per  cent. 
58.7  per  cent. 
6.5  per  cent. 
8.2  per  cent. 
0.2  per  cent. 
76.2  per  cent. 
No  surveys. 
".4  per  cent. 
'.4  per  cent. 


24 


a  No  tenants:  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

6  Practically  all  leased. 

c  Refunds  amounting  to  TZ0.74:  deducted. 

d  Refunds  amounting  to  P"13.02  deducted. 

e  All  leased. 

/  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  161 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  September^  1906. 


Annual 

Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

rental 
deducted. 

h.  a.  c. 

Banilad 

509,  570,  577 .              

21  58  72 
29  94  52 
2  20  68 

F97. 44 

Binan 

38,  80,  143,  278 

141.76 

Dampol 

30, 131,  220 

12.44 

Guiguinto 

91 

11  96  32 

91.96 

Malinta 

9,  26, 27, 29, 33, 40, 54,  64,  68, 72, 77,78,  79, 80, 83, 
92,  93,  101,  102,  115,  119,  121,  127,  133,  134, 

184  09  50 

1,061.36 

145,  160,  170,  174,  176,  177,  178,  180,  185,  186, 

188,  189,  190,  191,  199,  200,  201,  204,  217,  218, 

220,  226,  229,  230,  236,  237,  239,  246,  248,  249, 

262,  270,  275,  276,  277,  280,  282,  283,  289,  294, 

296,  298,  300,  303,  304,  305,  308,  310,  316,  323, 

330,  331,  332,  335,  338,  340,  344,  345,  353,  355, 

364,  381,  383,  386,  389,  390,  405,  418,  432,  434, 

441,  443,  444,  448,  449,  774,  776,  779. 

Naic 

176. 

9  35  00 

97.68 

Piedad 

27,  28,  37,  38,  56, 191,  208 

12  25  00 

6  60  00 

23  40  84 

81.92 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

57.04 

Santa  Rosa 

499,  554,  585,  873,  1,069 

165. 44 

Tala 

9,  16,  17, 73,  83,  89,  162,  173.  185,  254,  275 

17  58  07 

117.68 

Talisay 

1571 

21  44 

1.76 

Total 

319  16  69 

1,926.48 

[Inclosure  No.  10.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  September  30,  1906. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated  farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 
during 

this 
quarter. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  o 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

P"530. 00 

Isabela 

47 

41  48  00 

3 

2  00  00 

23 

1 

P217. 56 
.80 

897  00 

San  Francisco  de  Ma- 
labon  

1 

1  97 

1,075.58 
271. 30 

Binagbae  & 

Tala  ...  

51 
44 

85  84  20 
99  53  70 

36 
25 

464. 80 
567.  28 

338  20 

Piedad 

3 

38  40 

499. 32 

Muntinlupa 

169.85 

Malinta 

31 

10  99  42.  28 

278 

631  86  58.  78 

m 

3,561.92 

1,793.84 

San  Marcosc 

Matamoc 

Dampol 

650.  28 

Guiguinto . 

1 
73 

314 
79 

143 
32 
23 
22 

7  20 
5  07  70 
20  30  84 
5  26  64 
8  52  58 
2  45  92 
1  26  00 
1  39  31 

1 

119 

959 

99 

145 

128 

57 

25 

3 

24 
84 
127 

1.20 

637.  20 

4, 140.  32 

914.  52 

511.  84 

2,286.86 

180.  64 

1,688.80 

40.08 

81.84 

508. 96 

605.00 

518. 98 

Banilad 

27 

622 

33 

13 

1 

24  47  76 
123  46  57 
50  33  03 
23  56  89 
1  92  64 

65 
1,125 
16 
5 
126 
45 
5 
3 

58  86  50 
417  81  77 
31  03  60 
28  80  74 
98  73  57 
27  81  60 
35  75  62 
9  67  98 

Talisay-Manglanilla. . 

Imus 

5, 288.  60 
4,837.10 
2,820.84 
3, 141. 66 

Binan.... 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic. 

3 
1 

2 

14  77  51 

12  48 

6  70  00 

3  828  26 

Orion.... 

1  146  84 

Sta.  Cruz  de  Malabon. 

24 
28 
123 

33  40 
1  04  40 
8  32  36 

2,371.30 
4,840.30 
6, 448. 19 

Sta.  Maria  dePandi... 

86 
4 

104  93  40 
48  36  48 

Sta.  Rosa... 

11 

27  00  27 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 
6  Practically  afl  leased, 
c  All  leased. 


162 


ADMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  September  SO^  1906 — 

Continued. 


Estate. 


San  Jose  « 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 

Binagbagb 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  « 

Matamo« 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic... 

Orion 

Sta.  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Sta.  Maria  de  Pandi 

Sta.  Rosa 


Total , 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last 
quarterly  report 


Grand  total  of  area  contracted 
for  to  date,  on  all  estates 


Surveys'  progress  to 
September  30, 1906. 


Completed 

80  percent 

27.7  per  cent. 

Completed 

No  surveys... 

do 

...  do 

15  percent 

Completed 

V.'.'.do.'.'.WW'. 

do 

Begun 

No  surveys... 
19.7  percent. . 
58.7  percent.. 
6.5  percent... 
8.2  per  cent... 
0.2  per  cent... 
76.2  per  cent.. 
No  surveys... 
4.4  per  cent . . 
24.4  per  cent . . 


Total  area  con- 
tracted for  dur- 
ing this  quarter. 


Total 

amount  due 
annually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 

during  this 
quarter. 


48  00 
1  97 


85 
99 

*642  86  01.06 


1  84  20 
I  92  10 


60 
103 
29 
51 
9 
7 
105 


7  20 
41  96 
59  18 
63  27 
90  21 
12  13 
07  60 
92  44 
80  46 
03  40 
97  80 
69  11 


2, 060  37  04. 06 
/  28, 698  36  06 


30, 758  73  10.  06 


Total 
amount  col- 
lected this 
quarter. 


P217. 56 
.80 


464. 80 
667. 28 


3, 561. 92 


1.20 

637.  20 

4,140.32 

914.  52 

511.  84 

2, 286.  86 

180.  64 

1,688.80 

40.08 

81.84 

508.  96 

605.  00 


16, 409.  62 
/201,098.35 


217, 507. 97 


P530.  00 

897. 00 

1,075.58 

271. 30 

c  338. 20 

499. 32 

169.  85 

d  1,793.  84 


650.  28 
518. 98 


5, 288.  60 
4,837.10 
2,820.84 
3,141.66 
3,828.26 
1,146.84 
2,371.30 
4,840.30 
6, 448. 19 


41, 467.  44 
98,661.30 


140,128.74 


a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

&  Practically  all  leased. 

c  Refunds  amounting  to  F"30.74,  deducted. 

d  Refunds,  amounting  to  F13.02,  deducted. 

e  All  leased. 

/  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 


[Inclosure  No.  17.] 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Manila^  October  15,  1906, 
The  Executive  Secretary,  Manila,  P.  I, 

Sir:  Herewith  I  have  the  honor  to  submit,  for  the  consideration  of  the  Philippine 
Commission,  a  report  in  duplicate  of  the  operations  on  the  various  friar  estates  during 
the  quarter  ending  September  30,  1906. 

Very  respectfully,  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


163 


[Inclosure  No.  18.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  months  of  July,  August,  and  September,  1906 

JULY 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Total 

rental 

deducted. 

Banilad 

1,475 

U.  a.  c. 

3  30  00 

14  83  55 

309  09  99 

86  40 
43  01  25 
18  44  69 

8  91  00 

9  79  50 
10  60  25 

P=26. 80 

Calamba 

577 

114  88 

Imus 

22, 134, 149, 193,  200,  202,  211,  214,  227,  498, 1649, 

2443. 
182 

986. 48 

Lolomboy 

6.16 

Malinta      

3,  7, 10, 11,  12, 13,  17,  20,  22,  25,  35,  37 

262  00 

Naic 

25,  146,  507 

185. 84 

Pandi 

494 

35  92 

Piedad 

4, 13,  16,  21 

65.92 

Tala 

11,  15,  28,  36,  37,  39 

57.44 

Total. 

418  86  63 
33  52 

1,741.44 
1.36 

Lease  No.  194,  Banilad  estate, 

erroneously  reported  as  can- 
celed during  month  of  June, 
1906. 

Corrected  total . . 

418  53  11 

1,740  08 

AUGUST. 


Banilad 

537 ,  591 

li.  a.  c. 
7  52  08 
3  00  00 

17  26  83 
100  06  00 

62 
19  27  50 

7  50  81 
25  62  50 

8  86  08 

TS2. 64 

Calamba 

1117 

18.00 

Dampol 

78, 114, 228, 229, 250 

72.48 

Malinta 

1 ,2,  5, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, 30. 31, 32,  34,  38, 
41, 42,  44,  46, 49,  50,  52,  56,  57, 60,  61,  62,  63,  65, 
66, 74, 75, 88, 89, 90, 94, 96, 98, 100, 107, 109, 112, 
113,  118,  120,  125,  131,  136,  152,  156,  162,  163, 
164, 168, 169, 198, 251,  414,  428. 

271  

587. 60 

Naic 

.80 

Piedad 

11, 18,  23,  24,  35,  36 

112. 88 

Santa  Rosa    

461       

75.12 

Tala 

1,  7,  8, 12, 19,  24,  25,  27,  32,  34,  35,  41,  43,  48,  49, 

50,  54,  55,  56,  165,  179. 
121,  1132,1347, 1403, 1523 

130. 72 

Talisay 

84.32 

Total 

189  12  42 

1,120.56 

SEPTEMBER. 


h.  a.  c. 

Banilad 

509,  570,  577 

21  58  72 
29  94  52 

F"97  44 

Binan 

38,  80. 143,  278 

141.76 

Dampol 

30, 131,  220 

2  20  68 

12.44 

Guiguinto 

91 

11  96  32 

91  96 

Malinta    .  . 

9, 26, 27, 29, 33,  40,  54,  64,  68, 72, 77, 78, 79,  80,  88, 
92,  93, 101, 102, 115, 119, 121, 127, 133, 134, 145, 

184  09  50 

1  061  36 

160,  170,  174,  176,  177,  178,  180,  185,  186,  188, 

189,  190,  191,  199,  200,  201,  204,  217,  218,  220, 

226,  229,  230,  236,  237,  239,  246,  248,  249,  262, 

270,  275,  276,  277,  280,  282,  283,  289,  294,  296, 

298,  300,  303,  304,  305,  308,  310,  316,  323,  330, 

331,  332,  335,  338,  340,  344,  345,  353,  355,  364, 

381,  383,  386,  389,  390,  405,  418,  432,  434,  441, 

443,  444,  448,  449,  774,  776,  779. 

Naic 

176-.-....     .     .... 

9  35  00 
12  25  00 

6  50  00 

23  46  84 

17  58  67 

21  44 

97  68 

Piedad 

27,  28,  37,  38,  56, 191,  208 

81.92 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon    .  .  . 

57.04 

Santa  Rosa 

499,  554,  585,  873, 1069 

165. 44 

Tala 

9, 16, 17,  73,  83,  89, 162, 173, 185,  254,  275 

157 1 

117.68 

Talisay 

1.76 

Total 

319  16  69 

1,926.48 

164 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


[Inclosure  No.  19.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  October  31,  1906. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated  farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

No. 

Area. 
h.  a.    c. 

No.  :     Area. 

No. 

Area. 

during 

this 
month. 

San  Joseo 

h.  a.   c. 

h.    a.    c. 

F180.00 

San  Francisco  de  Mala- 
bon 

301 

44  00  01 

136 

404  57  38 

1 

54  30 

283 

F4,468.56 

196. 64 

Binae:baer  t>               .  . 

66.32 

Tala 

7 
10 

8 
27 

98  82 
1  75  20 

97  01 
8  79  94. 45 



78 
126 

14 
229 

i37  59  40 
246  38  60 
14  00  45 
438  86  36. 50 

65 

92 

18 

183 

863. 84 

1,450.64 

33.88 

2,693.60 

107. 64 

Piedad 



441.46 

Muntinlupa 

. 

142.54 

Malihta 

491.84 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 





Dampol  c 

126. 82 

Guiguinto  c         . .           i     .  . 

.60 

Banilad 

8  ,       17  44 

2 

66 

6 

69  88 
22  60  40 
8  25  00 


9 
75 
44 
26 
30 
26 
8 
1 

16.72 

246.56 

167. 20 

105.04 

435. 28 

86.00 

51.12 

6.88 

1,081.08 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

23 

37 

24 

2 

15 
6 

2  15  44 

3  36  10 
1  23  54 

17  49 
73  20 
39  95 

31 
11 

3 

5  89  12 
21  54  75 

7  84  57 

3,853.23 
2,162.02 

Binan 

2,511.46 

Calamba 

47 
19 
2 
1 

76  28  61 
8  71  20 

13  00  32 
1  70  40 

2,034.16 

Lolomboy 

3,143.86 

Naic 

1 

1  30  18 

3,037.84 

Orion 

783.36 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

753. 02 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

32 
22 

2  07  60 
1  41  98 

103 

7 

102  96  60 
202  18  99 

79 
30 

576. 64 
885. 86 

5,201.09 

Santa  Rosa 

2 

4  67  82 

2, 419. 62 

Estate- 


Total  area  con- 
tracted for 
during  this 
month. 


Total 
amount 
due  an- 
nually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


Progress  of  surveys  to 
Oct.  31, 1906. 


San  Jose  " 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

Binagbag  b 


Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa. . . 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  c, . 


h.  a.  c. 


F4,468.56 


138  58  22 
248  13  80 
14  97  46 
447  66  30. 95 


863. 84 

1,450.64 

33.88 

2, 693.  60 


ri80.00 
196. 64 

66. 32 

107. 64 
441.46 
142. 54 
491.84 


Matamo  c 

Dampol  c 

Guiguinto  <■ 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla . 

Imus 

Binan 


Calamba . . . 

Lolomboy.. 

Naic 

Orion 


87  32 
30  64  96 
33  15  85 
9  08  11 

76  46  10 

9  44  40 
14  70  45 
1  70  40 


16.72 
246.56 
167. 20 
105.04 

435.  28 

86.00 
51.12 

6.88 


Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi . . 
Santa  Rosa 


105  04  20 
208  28  79 


576. 64 
885.86 


126. 82 
.60 
1,081.08 
3,853.23 
2, 162. 02 
2,511.46 

2,034.16 

3, 143. 86 

3,037.84 

783.36 

753.02 
6,201.09 
2,419.62 


Completed. 
Completed     80.4     per 

cent. 
Completed     29.6     per 

cent. 
Completed. 
No  work  done. 
Do. 
Do. 
Completed     17.3     per 

cent. 
Completed. 

Do! 
Do. 

Completed  5.8  per  cent. 
No  work  done. 
Completed     23.2     per 

cent. 
Completed     68.7     per 

cent. 
Completed  6.5  per  cent. 
Completed  10  per  cent. 
Completed     0.06     per 

cent. 
Completed. 
No  work  done. 
Completed  5.8  per  cent. 
Completed  29  per  cent . 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last 
monthly  report. 

Grand  total 


1,787  88  05.95 
d29,996  69  31.48 


12,087.82 
^212,172.01 


28, 734. 60 
« 140, 101. 52 


31,784  57  37.43 


224,259.83 


168,836.12 


a  No  tenants;  grazing 
6  Practically  all  leasee 


privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 


c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

«  Corrected  total,  amounts  refunded  being  deducted. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


165 


[Inclosure  No.  20.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  October,  1906. 


Banilad . 
Calamba 
Malinta . 


Naic... 
Orion . . 
Piedad 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 


Tala. 


Talisay-Minglanilla . 


No.  of  lease. 


6,506,539. 

558 

4,  28,  45,  4i 
117,  138, 
167, 171, 
209, 215, 
243,  245, 
269, 271, 
295,  297, 
319,  320, 
343,  347, 
371,  375, 
400,  402, 
422,  425, 
471,  476, 
519, 521, 
562,  570, 
671,  703, 

778 


S,  59,  69, 
140, 142, 
172, 181, 
216,  222, 
247, 252, 
272, 273, 
299,  301, 
321, 325, 
348,  349, 
376,  382, 
408,  410, 
427,  429, 
478,  484, 
531,  534, 
572, 576, 
709,  715, 


70,  71,  82,  85,  91,  97, 
143, 150, 151, 154, 157, 
182,192,193,195,197, 
224,227,233,234,235, 
255,256,260,261,266, 
274,278,279,281,291, 
306,309,311,312,313, 
327,328,334,336,339, 
351,354,360,361,363, 
388,391,392,393,394, 
411,412,415,416,417, 
433,445,446,451,454, 
486,487,489,491,492, 
542,546,553,555,558, 
594, 603, 608, 614, 620, 
719,766,784. 


,  99,  105. 
159, 165, 
205,206, 
238,241, 
267,268, 
292,293, 
314,318, 
341, 342, 
365,367, 
396,397, 
419,420, 
455,465, 
499,505, 
560,561, 
641, 650, 


401. 

1,  3,  5,  6,  7,  12,  14,  17,  19,  25,  29,  30,  31,  32,  33,  39, 
41,  44,  46,  48,  49,  50,  51,  53,  54,  55,  57,  58,  59,  60, 
61,  65,  66,  67,  68,  85,  95,  97,  100,  104,  105,  108, 
109,  111,  112, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 128, 144, 145, 
146, 156, 174, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 198, 204, 213, 
214, 216, 260, 263, 270, 273, 275, 279, 280, 281, 282, 
283 

7,  8,  9,  11, 18,  54,  65,  58,  65,  66,  74,  88,  93,  96,  98, 
105,  112,  130,  133,  134,  136,  170,  171,  172,  173, 
174,  188,  189,  207,  209,  219,  220,  222,  223,  224, 
225, 227, 229, 232, 238, 244, 247, 248, 249, 251, 256, 
259, 262, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 298, 299, 302, 
303, 305, 306, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 316, 320, 321, 
326, 330, 333, 334, 335, 347,351, 354, 361, 364, 365, 
370, 386, 387, 388, 389 ,  392, 403, 404, 405, 413, 419, 
430, 431, 433, 438, 439, 445, 446, 447, 453, 454, 455, 
456, 457, 458, 459, 464, 466, 467, 468, 472, 475, 476, 
478',  481, 482, 483, 485, 496, 501, 504, 508, 509, 510, 
614, 519, 520, 522, 527, 530, 531, 537, 538, 639, 540, 
644, 551, 553, 560, 661, 562, 563, 664, 669, 683, 597, 
598, 599, 600, 601, 608, 629, 630, 631, 636, 643, 648, 
651, 652, 653, 656, 657, 669, 670, 682, 687, 689, 705, 
710, 720, 721 , 722, 723 , 731 , 735, 741 , 746, 756, 560, 
764, 776, 777, 778, 785, 794, 795, 796, 800, 801, 803, 
823, 824, 834, 835, 837, 855, 859, 860, 862, 869, 870. 
876, 897, 906, 907, 908, 909, 923, 927, 931, 933, 940, 
946, 947, 958, 963, 964, 970, 973, 975, 977, 979, 982, 
992,  995,  996,  997,  1000,  1002,  1003,  1004,  1007, 
1010,  1018,  1020,  1021,  1023,  1026,  1028,  1039, 
1053,  1077,  1079,  1099,  1102,  1103,  1108,  1249, 
1287,  1304,  1313,  1328,  1343,  1352,  1357,  1401, 
1402, 1412, 1416, 1418. 

2,  3,  6, 10, 13, 14, 18,  22,  26,  29,  31,  38,  40,  42,  46, 
47, 57, 58, 61, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 77, 
78, 79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 98, 104, 
108, 110, 112, 118, 120, 121 , 123, 125, 126, 127, 129, 
130, 131, 140, 149, 158, 164, 167, 170, 172, 176, 177, 
178,  182,  214,  234,  235,  278,  279. 

183,  1131 


Total  area. 


h.  a.      c. 

7  59  48 

4  82 

224  46  25 


13  30  18 

8  97    7 
115  46  48 


290  96  23.68 


Annual 
rental. 


r60.88 

4.80 

1,409.52 


94  81  57 


6  41  70 


762  03  78. 58 


109. 04 

35.92 

700. 00 


2,365.64 


615.44 


6,335.96 


166 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


[Inclosure  No.  21.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  November  30,  1907. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

i 
San  Jose  a 

Ji.   a.  c.  ' 

h.   a.  c. 

h.   a.  c. 

P'lSO  00 

San  Francisco  de  Maia- 

166 

25  92  12 

61 

160    3  22 

134 

PI,  870. 72 

1,739-80 

bon. 
Binagbag  & 

Tala  ...  

105 
69 

7    2  79 
6  91  25 

64 

142 

2 

241 

100    1  20 

232    8  20 

4  00  00 

284  14  34. 44 

151 

174 

1 

262 

602. 40 

1,231.52 

8.00 

1,654.08 

168. 70 

371. 16 

39.78 

692. 60 

Piedad 

1 

1  20  00 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

(■)6 

7  58    3 

5 

12    4  80 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamoc 

Dampol  c 

Guiguinto  c 

Banilad 

2 
13 
35 

2 

2  16 

56  00 

3  99  28 

9  43 

2 
26 
21 

38  88 

6  65    8 

64  86    6 

2 
63 
3 

3  35  44 
21  77  44 
19  50  00 

6 
74 
44 

2 

26.40 

227. 44 

616. 56 

2.40 

495  72 

Talisay-Manglaniila 

Imus 

1,061.74 
2,045.12 
1,765.96 
2,366.62 
1,313.28 
3, 375. 22 
258  46 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naie 

49 

1  92  37 

2 

23  00  00 

2 

100  12  15 

50 

430. 48 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. . 

3 

8  00 

4 

17  00  00 

5 

138.  64 

472  10 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

3, 190. 90 
1,751.40 

Santa  Rosa 

1 

6  (J8 

1 

62    7  59 

6 

249. 52 

Estate. 


San  Josea 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. . 

Bingagbag  t> 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  c : 

Matamo  c 

Dampolc 

Guiguinto  c 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglaniila 

Imus 

Bifian 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naie 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 


Progress  of  surveys  to 
November  30,  1906. 


Total 

Grand   total   brought   forward  from 
last  monthly  report. 

Grand  total 


Completed 

85  per  cent  completed 
31.2  per  cent  completed 

Completed 

No  work  done 

do 

do 

21 .7  per  cent  completed 
Completed 

!!!"do;]]]]"';";;" 

do 

Begun 

No  work  done 

23.2  per  cent  completed 
7().6  per  cent  completed 
8.4  per  cent  completed . 
13.9  per  cent  completed 

3.3  per  cent  completed. 

Completed 

No  work  done 

7.4  per  cent  completed. 
34.5  per  cent  completed 


Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

month. 


ft.   a.  c. 


185  95  34 


107  03  99 

240  19  45 

4  00  00 

303  77  17.  44 


3  76  48 

28  98  52 

88  35  34 

9  43 


.     Total 

amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 


PI,  870. 72 


602. 40 

1,231.52 

8.00 

1,654.08 


26.40 

227. 44 

516. 56 

2.40 


125    4  62 


17    8  00 


62  14  27 


1,166  42  51.44 
d30, 082  15  29.  43 


138.64 


249. 52 


6,958.16 
d217, 298. 19 


31, 848  57  80.  87  I  224, 256.  35 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


Tim  00 
"i,"  739*  80 


168. 70 
371. 16 
39.78 
692.  60 


495.  72 
1,061.74 
2,045.12 
1,765.96 
2, 366.  62 
1,313.28 
3, 375.  22 
258.  46 
472. 10 
3, 190. 90 
1,701.40 


21,238.66 
168,836.12 


190,074.68 


a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

h  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

[Inclosure  No.  22.] 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  November,  1906. 


167 


Estate. 


Banilad . 
Binan . . . 

Calamba 

Imus 

Malinta. 


Naic... 
Orion. . 
Piedad 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 


Santa  Maria  de  P 
SantaRosa 


andi . 


No.  of  lease. 


283,  408 

169 

11,  31,  8G,  91,  99,  108,  144,  155,  192,  250,  277,  307, 
374,  389,  400,  488,  583,  587,  GG4,  667,  682,  696, 

704,  705,  708,  729,  757,  776, 1109, 1198, 1206, 1283. 
105, 236, 280, 319, 358, 441, 446, 504, 566, 2990, 3166. . 
15,  51,  76,  84,  95,  108,  110,  124,  126,  128,  129,  135, 

141,  158,  166,  196,  211,  212,  213,  214,  219,  221, 
231,  240,  244,  257,  258,  285,  287,  290,  307,  317, 
322,  324,  333,  358,  359,  362,  369,  373,  399,  401, 
403,  404,  406,  409,  413,  423,  424,  435,  436,  439, 
447,  453,  458,  460,  462'  464,  466,  467,  468,  469, 
472,  475,  477,  479,  480,  490,  495,  500,  502,  509, 
510,  511,  516,  520,  522,  523,  524,  526,  527,  528, 
529,  530,  535,  536,  544,  547,  556,  557,  565,  566, 
568,  571,  573,  577,  578,  579,  580,  582,  584,  585, 
587,  588,  592,  607,  610,  611,  612,  613,  629,  635, 
639,  643,  655,  657,  660,  664,  667,  675,  676,  677, 
678,  681,  684,  686,  687,  ()93,  694,  699,  700,  701, 

705,  710,  711,  714,  717,  718,  720,  722,  723,  734, 
739,  742,  748,  752,  759,  760,  767,  773,  777,  788, 
791,  795,  801,  807,  809,  819,  832,  854,  855,  856, 
857,  858,  859,  860,  862,  863,  865,  866,  867,  868, 
869,  870,  871,  873,  874,  875,  876,  877,  878,  879, 
880,  881,  882,  883,  884,  885,  886,  887,  888,  889, 
890,  891,  892,  893,  894,  895,  896,  897,  898,  899, 
900,  901,  902,  903,  904,  905,  906,  907,  908,  909, 
910,  911,  912,  913,  914,  915,  916,  917,  918,  919, 
920,  921,  922,  923,  924,  925,  926,  927,  928,  929, 
930,  931,  932,  933,  934,  935,  936,  937,  938,  939, 
940,  941,  942,  943,  944,  945,  946,  947,  948,  949, 
950,  951,  952,  953,  954,  955,  956,  957,  958,  959. 

693 


344  382 

74, 77,  78,  80, 81,"88,'  89J  9l",  lY6,"l  19,'i32,'  i34*  138, 
139,  150,  152,  157,  163,  165,  168,  172,  178,  180, 
186,  187,  188,  190,  192,  194,  195,  207,  218,  219, 
221,  224,  225,  226,  227,  229,  230,  234,  236,  237, 
240,  242,  243,  244,  245,  248,  256,  257,  258,  259, 
261,  276,  277,  278,  284,  285,  286,  287,  288,  289, 
290,  291,  292,  293,  295,  296,  297,  298,  299,  300, 
301,  302,  303,  304,  305,  306,  307,  308,  310,  311, 
312,  313,  314,  315,  316,  317,  318,  319,  320,  321, 
322,  323,  324,  325,  326,  327,  328,  329,  330,  331, 
332,  333,  334,  335,  336,  337,  339,  340,  341,  342, 
343,  344,  345,  34(5,  347,  348,  349,  350,  351,  352, 
353,  354,  355,  356,  357,  358,  359,  360,  361,  362, 
363,  364,  365,  366,  367,  368,  369,  370,  371,  372, 
373,  374,  375,  376,  377,  378,  379,  380,  382,  384, 
385,  386,  387,  390,  391,  392,  393,  394,  395,  396, 
397,  398,  403,  404,  405,  40(5,  407,  408,  409,  410. 

64,  73,  75,  80,  84,  87,  104,  108,  129, 177,  178,  181, 
226,  228,  253,  270,  291,  302,  313,  344,  345,  355, 
357,  368,  375,  376,  380,  391,  395,  398,  401,  420, 
421,  424,  435,  437,  451,  465,  469,  470,  471,  474, 
491,  493,  494,  497,  511,  512,  521,  523,  524,  525, 
528,  533,  534,  535,  536,  572,  574,  575,  577,  588, 
604,  606,  616,  622,  623,  625,  628,  632,  634,  642, 
654,  655,  658,  668,  684,  690,  699,  702,  711,  718, 
719,  730,  736,  742,  771,  773,  775,  782,  799,  805, 
832,  833,  836,  843,,  846,  8.51,  852,  856,  858,  861, 
872,  890,  904,  911,  914,  916,  918,  921,  948,  951, 
953,  956,  980,  984,  998,  1009,  1011,  1017,  1032, 
1060,  1097,  1100,  1104,  1107,  1153,  1215,  1301, 
1329. 

1630 

467 


Total  area. 


fi.  a.   c. 

45  21  84 

5  54  45 

122  14  40 


42  19  84 
236  79  80 


172    18    96 


6    00    00 
19    89    66 


Annual 
rental. 


^186. 16 

55.44 

1,704.56 


264.64 
1,277.04 


123 

00 

00 

384.00 

36 

23 

69 

120.  96 

207 

47 

60 

1,027.52 

1,350.96 


39.  GO 
79.60 


168  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  November,  1906 — Continued. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

21, 51, 95, 97, 106, 107,  111,  113, 132, 133, 134, 135, 
139,  141,  145,  150,  157,  159,  160,  161,  174,  175, 
186,  187,  189,  190,  191,  192,  193,  194,  195,  197, 
198,  199;  200,  201,  202,  203,  204,  206,  207,  208, 
209,  210,  211,  212,  215,  218,  219,  220,  221,  222, 
223,  224,  226,  227,  228,  229,  230,  231,  232,  236, 
237,  238,  239,  240,  241,  242,  243,  244,  245,  246, 
247,  248,  249,  250,  251,  253,  261,  266,  272,  274, 
276,  277,  283,  284,  285,  286,  287,  288,  289,  290, 
291,  292,  293,  294,  295,  296,  297,  298,  299,  300, 
301,  302,  303,  304,  305,  306,  307,  308,  309,  310, 
311,  312,  313,  314,  315,  316,  317,  318,  319,  320, 
321,  322,  323,  324,  325,  326,  327,  328,  329,  330, 
331,  332,  333,  334,  335,  336,  337,  338,  339,  340, 
341,  342,  343,  344,  345,  346,  347,  348,  349,  350, 
351,  352,  353,  354,  355,  356. 

148  .   . 

Total  area. 

h.  a.  c. 

85    64    84 

7    00 

Annual 
rental. 

Tala 

^470. 96 

Talisay 

80 

Total 

1,102    42    08 

6, 961. 64 

[Inclosure  No.  23.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  December  SI,  1906, 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated               Unirrigated 
farms.                       farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 
during 

this 
quarter. 

No.          Area. 

No. 

Area.        No. 
h.    a.  c.  i 

Area. 

San  JoseO' 

h.    a.  c. 

h.     a.     c. 

P'540.00 

San     Francisco    de 
Malabon.  . 

739 

Ill    10  ss 

248 

059  59  66         2 

50  54  30 

659 

P"7,839.92 

3,709.36 
73  50 

Binagbag  & 

Tala. 

123 
87 
10 

108 

8    6  41 
10  28  45 

1  73  41 
21  56  23. 44 

203 

351  48    8 

624  72  00 

20  75  45 

1,158  45  37.87 

259 

328 

26 

591 

2, 216. 40 

3,601.70 

50.00 

6,955.20 

350  14 

Piedad 

1 

1  20  00 

343 

22 

693 

923  92 

Muntinlupa .   

196  84 

Malinta.. 

5 

12    4  80 

1,603.78 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 

34  66 

Dampol  c 

749. 62 

Guiguinto  c 

2 
24 
155 
15 

4  97  46 
70  72  60 
52  79  80 
34    2  00 

2 
31 
180 
109 
62 
95 
56 
90 
4 
13 
266 
47 

39.84 

348.08 

550. 48 

736.56 

420.48 

1,690.16 

161. 12 

553. 92 

72.40 

421.36 

1,576.00 

1,335.70 

1  304  34 

Banilad 

18 
45 
86 
54 
37 
21 
87 

5  77    9 
36  51  53 
8  63  64 
3  22  66 

3  53  64 
93  60 

4  43  68 

4 
57 
38 
12 
18 

1    5  94 
13  49  39 
91  00    6 
35  22  15 
53  71  91 

2,002.98 
5,665.19 
5,501.80 
5  704  36 

Talisay-Manglanilla . 
Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

78 
54 
10 
4 

157  67  20 
18  94  20 

119  48    2 
18    6  80 

5,491.50 
4,757.34 
7,747.80 
1,156.88 
1,324.46 
9,652.37 
5,151.68 

L/olomboy 

Naic 

3 

24  30  18 

Orion 

Sta.  Cruz  de  Malabon. 

7 
117 
36 

66  00 
5  71    2 
1  30  45 

15 

51  41  00 

Sta.  Maria  de  Pandi. . 

343 
9 

283  79  14 
279  26  58 

Santa  Rosa 

6 

17    5  38 

oNo  tenants;  grazing  jprivilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 
6  Practically  ail  leased, 
c  All  leased. 


ADMIN ISTEATION    OF    PHILIPPINE    LANDS. 


169 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  December  SI,  1906- 

Continued. 


Total 

amount 

due  annu- 

Total 

Progress  of  surveying 
to  January  1,  1907. 

Total  area  con- 

ally from 
all  con- 

amount 

Estate. 

tracted  for  dur- 

collected 

ing  this  quarter. 

tracts  exe- 

this quar- 

cuted dur- 

ter. 

ing  this 

quarter. 

h.  a.    c. 

San  Jose  « 

Complete 

F540. 00 

Isabela 

90  per  cent  complete . . 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

34.2  per  cent  complete. 
Complete 

821  54  84 

F7,839.92 

3,709.36 

Binagbae  t> 

73.50 

Tala 

No  surveys 

359  54  49 

2,210.40 

.350. 14 

Piedad 

.do 

()36  20  45 
22  48  86 

3,601.70 
50. 00 

923. 92 

Muntinlupa 

do 

196.84 

Malinta. 

21.7  per  cent  complete. 
Complete    . 

1,192    6  41.31 

6,955.20 

1 , 603. 78 

San  Marcos  <^ 

Matamo  c . .                     

do 

34.00 

Dampolc 

do     ... 

749. 62 

Guiguinto  c 

do 

4  97  46 
72  55  63 
69  34  43 

39. 84 
348. 08 
550. 48 

1,304.34 

Banilad 

39.3  per  cent  complete. 
No  surveys 

2,002.98 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

5,665.19 

Imus 

27.6  per  cent  complete. 
85.8  per  cent  complete. 
9.9  per  cent  complete.. 

133  65  70 
38  44  81 
214  92  75 

736. 56 

420. 48 

1,690.16 

5.501.80 

Binan 

5,704.36 

Calamba 

5,491.50 

Lolomboy 

13.9  per  cent  complete. 
4.1  per  cent  complete. . 

19  87  80 
148  21  88 

161. 12 
553. 92 

4,757.34 

Naic 

7.747.80 

Orion 

Complete 

18    6  80 

72.40 

1,156.88 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

No  surveys 

52    7  00 

421.36 

1,324.46 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

10.7  per  cent  complete. 

289  50  16 

1,576.00 

9, 652. 37 

Santa  Rosa 

40.8  per  cent  complete. 

298  62  41 

1,335.70 

5,151.68 

Total 

4,392  11  88.31 

28,569.32 

63.641.86 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last 

d28,223  25  42.48 

d200,631.29 

fl40,101.52 

quarterly  report. 

G  rand  total 

32,615  37  30.79 

229,200.61 

203, 743. 38 

(I  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

e  Corrected  total,  amount  of  refunds  deducted. 


[Inclosure  No.  24.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  December,  1906. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease.                                    Total  area. 

1 

Annual 
rental. 

Banilad 

488      

7i.  a.  c. 

2  72 

73  49  62 

4  97  45 

4  32 

238  57  10 

28  80  34 
83  78  57 

T"1.36 

Calamba 

11,  86,  91,  99,  144,  155,  192,  250,  277,  574,  1198.... 

677. 92 

Guiguinto . .                    

39.80 

Lolomboy 

1732, 1738 

25.92 

Malinta 

21, 36, 43,  47, 104, 106,  111,  116, 153, 173, 179, 183, 
187,  203,  207,  208,  210,  228,  242,  253,  263,  265, 
286,  288,  326,  337,  356,  374,  377,  385,  421,  426, 
430,  440,  442,  463,  452,  493,  494,  496,  497,  503, 
507,  513,  514,  515,  517,  518,  525,  533,  538,  541, 
543,  545,  548,  550,  551,  552,  554,  559,  563,  564, 
567,  586,  590,  597,  598,  602,  605,  615,  617,  619, 
624,  625,  626,  632,  633,  634,  636,  638,  640,  644, 
645,  646,  649,  651,  661,  663,  668,  670,  673,  679, 
680,  683,  685,  689,  691,  695,  698,  704,  713,  716, 
724,  725,  728,  731,  732,  733,  744,  745,  746,  754, 
755,  756,  758,  761,  762,  763,  764,  765,  768,  770, 
771,  789,  793,  794,  796,  800,  802,  803,  808,  810, 
816,  818,  820,  822,  835,  849,  850,  851,  864,  862.) 

47,  94,  462,  463,  557,  739 

1,438.56 

Naic 

267. 36 

Piedad... 

2,  22,  26,  34,  43,  45,  52,  63,  70,  71,  75,  76,  79,  82, 
83,  96,  98,  102, 107, 114,  122,  133,  140, 149,  153, 
155,  158,  159,  160,  161,  162,  164,  166,  169,  171, 
175,  189,  193,  202,  203,  206,  209,  211,  220,  231, 
232,  233,  238,  251,  254,  262,  264,  266,  267,  268, 
269. 

519.68 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 15 


170  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  December,  1906 — Continued. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 


Sta.  Cruz  de  Malabon. 
Sta.  Maria  de  Pandi. . 
Tala 


Talisay-Minglanilla. 
Total 


No.  of  lease. 


5,  25,  26,  70,  77,  85,  95,  99,  101,  102,  109,  116,  119, 
131,  107,  179,  183,  199,  210,  250,  252,  278,  283, 
287,  296,  304,  312,  352,  359,  362,  363,  367,  371, 
373,  374,  377,  384,  385,  390,  394,  422,  427,  429, 
434,  473,  477,  479,  480,  484,  486,  495,  503,  505, 
606,  507,  517,  618,  526,  529,  532,  545,  546,  550, 
565,  566,  567,  668,  571,  573,  584,  691,  613,  614, 
615,  621,  626,  627,  638,  646,  637,  649,  650,  660, 
663,  664,  667,  672,  673,  674,  675,  676,  678,  685, 
693,  701,  703,  704,  707,  712,  713,  714,  715,  716, 
717,  725,  726,  729,  732,  733,  739,  740,  743,  744, 
745,  748,  749,  765,  780,  784,  790,  798,  804,  810, 
813,  814,  838,  844,  853,  863,  871,  873,  879,  886, 
939,  960,  967,  978,  983,  989,  1019,  1045,  1073, 
1075,  1098,  1105,  1210,  1222,  1233,  1234,  1237, 
1239,  1240,  1241,  1246,  1258,  1280,  1288,  1292, 
1302,  1309,  1310,  1321,  1322,  1332,  1338,  1339, 
1341,  1346,  1349,  1354,  1355,  1356,  1358,  1360, 
1361,  1362,  1368,  1381,  1386,  1390,  1392,  1394, 
1406. 

7,  33,  113,  115,  120,  285,  401,  518,  502,  827 

263,  810 

4,  20,  23,  30,  33,  45,  59,  (iO,  (>2,  63,  70,  80,  100,  101, 
102,  103,  114,  115,  122,  128,  138,  142,  144,  147, 
148,  151,  153,  154,  155,  156,  166,  168,  180,  183, 
188,  213,  217,  225,  255,  258,  265,  268,  281. 

665,  1276,  1988 


Total  area. 


1\.  a.  c. 
131  95  81 


39  49. 00 

72.00 

(i3  34  70 


1  52  50 


Annual 
rental. 


P"851.36 


318. 72 

11.20 

414. 08 


13.12 


4,579.08 


[Inclosure  No.  25.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  October,  1906. 


Estate. 


No.  of  lease. 


Banilad . 
Calamba 
Malinta. 


Naic. 
Orion. 
Piedad 


6,506,639 

558 

4,  28,  45,  48,  59, 
117,  138,  140, 
165,  167,  171, 
205,  206,  209, 
235,  238,  241, 
261,  266,  267, 
279,  281,  291, 
309,  311,  312, 
327,  328,  334, 
349,  351,  354,. 
376,  382,  388, 
402,  408,  410, 
422,  425,  427, 
465,  471,  476, 
499,  505,  519, 
558,  560,  561, 
614,  620,  641, 
784. 

778 

401 

1,  3,  6,  6,  7,  12, 
39,  41,  44,  46, 
59,  60,  61,  65, 
105,  108,  109, 
128,  144,  145, 
185,  198,  204, 
276,  279,  280, 


69,  70,  71,  82, 
142,  143,  150, 
172,  181,  182, 
215,  216,  222, 
243,  245,  247, 
268,  269,  271, 
292,  293,  295, 
313,  314,  318, 
336,  339,  341, 
360,  301,  363, 
391,  392,  393, 
411,  412,  415, 
429,  433,  445, 
478,  484,  486, 
621,  531,  534, 
662,  570,  572, 
650,  671,  703, 


85,  91,  97,  99,  105, 
151,  154,  157,  159, 
192,  193,  195,  197, 
224,  227,  233,  234, 
252,  255,  256,  260, 
272,  273,  274,  278, 
297,  299,  301,  306, 
319,  320,  321,  325, 
342,  343,  347,  348, 
365,  367,  371,  376, 
394,  396,  397,  400, 
416,  417,  419,  420, 
446,  451,  454,  456, 
487,  489,  491.  492, 
642,  646,  553,  666, 
576,  594,  603,  608, 
709,  715,  719,  766, 


14,  17,  19,  25,  29,  30,  31,  32,  33, 
48,  49,  50,  51,  53,  54,  55,  67,  58, 
,  66,  67,  68,  85,  96,  97,  100,  104, 
111,  112,  120,  121,  123,  124,  126, 
146,  156,  174,  181,  182,  183,  184, 
213,  214,  216,  260,  263,  270,  273, 
281,  282,  283. 


Total  area. 


7  59  48 

4  82 

224  46  26 


13  30  18 

8  97    7 

115  46  48 


Annual 
rental. 


P60. 88 

4.80 

1, 409. 62 


109.04 
35.92 
700.00 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  171 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  October,  1906 — Coii tinned. 


Estate. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 


Tala.. 


Talisay-Minglanilla. 


Total. 


No.  of  lease. 


7,  8,  9,  11,  18,  54,  55,  58,  65,  66,  74,  88,  93,  96,  98, 
105,  112,  130,  133,  134,  136,  170,  171,  172,  173, 
174,  188,  189,  207,  209,  219,  220,  222,  223,  224, 
225,  227,  229,  232,  238,  244,  247,  248,  249,  251, 
256,  259,  262,  275,  276,  279,  280,  281,  282,  298, 
299,  302,  303,  305,  306,  308,  309,  310,  311,  314, 
316,  320,  321,  326,  330,  333,  334,  335,  347,  351. 
354,  361,  364,  365,  370,  380,  387,  388,  389,  392, 
403,  404,  405,  413,  419,  430,  431,  433,  438,  439, 
445,  446,  447,  453,  454,  455,  456,  457,  458,  459, 
464,  466,  467,  468,  472,  475,  476,  478,  481,  482, 
483,  485,  496,  501,  504,  508,  509,  510,  514,  519, 
520,  522,  527,  530,  531,  537,  538,  539,  540,  544, 
551,  553,  560,  561,  562,  563,  564,  569,  583,  597, 
598,  599,  600,  601,  608,  629,  630,  631,  636,  643, 
648,  651,  652,  653,  656,  657,  669,  670,  682,  687, 
689,  705,  710,  720,  721,  722,  723,  731,  735,  741, 
746,  756,  760,  764,  776,  777,  778,  785,  794,  795, 
796,  800,  801,  803,  823,  824,  834,  835,  837,  855, 
859,  860,  862,  869,  870,  876,  897,  906,  907,  908, 
909,  923,  927,  931,  933,  940,  946,  947,  958,  963, 
964,  970,  973,  975,  977,  979,  982,  992,  995,  996, 
997,  1000,  1002,  1003,  1004,  1007,  1010,  1018, 
1020,  1021,  1023,  1026,  1028,  1039,  1053,  1077, 
1079,  1099,  1102,  1103,  1108,  1249,  1287,  1304, 
1313,  1328,  1343,  1352,  1357,  1401,  1402,  1412, 
1416,  1418. 

2,  3,  6,  10,  13,  14,  18,  22,  26,  29,  31,  38,  40,  42,  46, 
47,  57,  bS,  61,  64,  65,  67,  68,  69,  71,  72,  75,  76,  77, 
78,  79,  84,  86,  87,  88,  90,  91,  92,  93,  94,  96,  98, 
104,  108,  110,  112,  118,  120,  121,  123,  125,  120, 
127,  129,  1.30,  131,  140,  149,  158,  164,  167,  170, 
172,  176,  177,  178,  182,  214,  234,  235,  278,  279. 

183,  1131 . 


Total  area. 


ft.  a.  c. 

290  96  23.  58 


6  41  70 


762  03  78.  58 


Annual 
rental. 


r2,365.64 


5,335.96 


List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  November,  1906. 


Banilad . 
Binan . . . 
Calamba 

Imus 

Malinta. 


283,  408 
169 

11,  31,  86,  91,  99,  108,  144,  155, 192,  250,  277, 
374,  389,  400,  488,  583,  587,  664,  667,  682, 

704,  705,  708.  729,  757, 776, 1109, 1198, 1206, 
105, 236, 280, 3i9, 358,  441, 446, 504, 566, 2990, 
15,  51,  76,  84,  95.  108,  110,  124,  126, 128, 129, 

141,  158,  166,  196,  211,  212,  213,  214,  219, 
231,  240,  244,  257,  258,  285,  287,  290,  307, 
322,  324,  333,  358,  359,  362,  369,  373,  399, 
403,  404,  406,  409,  413,  423,  424,  435,  436, 
447,  453,  458,  460,  462,  464,  466,  467,  468. 
472,  475,  477,  479,  480,  490,  495,  500,  502, 
510,  511,  516,  520,  522,  523,  524,  526,  527, 
529,  530,  535,  536,  544,  547,  556,  557,  565, 
568,  571,  573,  577,  578,  579,  580,  582,  584, 
587,  588,  592,  607,  610,  611,  612,  613,  629, 
639,  643,  655,  657,  660,  664,  667,  675,  676, 
678,  681,  684,  686,  687,  693,  694,  699,  700, 

705,  710,  711,  714,  717,  718,  720,  722,  723, 
739,  742,  748,  752,  759,  760,  767,  773,  777, 
791,  795,  801,  807,  809,  819,  832,  854,  855, 
857,  858,  859,  860,  862,  863,  865,  866,  867, 
869,  870,  871,  873,  874,  875,  876,  877,  878, 
880,  881,  882,  883,  884,  885,  886,  887,  888, 
890,  891,  892,  893,  894,  895,  896,  897,  898, 
900,  901,  902,  903,  904,  905,  906,  907,  908, 
910,  911,  912,  913,  914,  915,  916,  917,  918, 
920,  921,  922,  923,  924,  925,  926,  927,  928, 
930,  931,  932,  933,  934,  935,  936,  937,  938, 
940,  941,  942,  943,  944,  945,  946,  947,  948, 
950,  951,  952,  953,  954,  955,  956,  957,  958, 


307, 
696, 
1283. 
3166. 
135, 
221, 
317, 
401, 
439, 
469, 
509, 
528, 
566, 
585, 
635, 
677, 
701, 
734, 
788, 
8.56, 
868, 
879, 
889, 
899, 
909, 
919, 
929, 
939, 
949, 
969. 


Total  area. 


h.  a.  c. 

45  21  84 

5  54  45 

122  14  40 


42  19  84 
236  79  80 


Annual 
rental. 


ri86. 16 

55.44 

1,704.56 


264. 64 
1,277.04 


172  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  November,  1906 — Continued. 


Estate. 


San  Francisco  de  Mulabcn. 


Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 


Talisay-Minglanilla . 
Total 


No.  of  lease. 


639. 

344,  382. 

74,  77,  78,  80,  81,  88,  89,  91, 110, 119, 132, 134, 138, 
139,  150,  152,  157,  163,  165,  168,  172,  178,  180, 
186,  187,  188,  190,  192,  194,  195,  207,  218,  219, 
221,  224,  225,  226,  227,  229,  230,  234,  236,  237, 
240,  242,  243,  244,  245,  248,  256,  257,  258,  259, 
261,  276,  277,  278,  284,  285,  286,  287,  288,  289, 

290,  291,  292,  293,  295,  296,  297,  298,  299,  300, 
301,  302,  303,  304,  305,  306,  307,  308,  310,  311, 
312,  313,  314,  315,  316,  317,  318,  319,  320,  321, 
322,  323,  324,  325,  326,  327,  328,  329,  330,  331, 
332,  333,  334,  335,  336,  337,  339,  340,  341,  342, 
343,  344,  345,  346,  347,  348,  349,  350,  351,  352, 
353,  354,  355,  356,  357,  358,  359,  360,  361,  362, 
363,  364,  365,  366,  367,  368,  369,  370,  371,  372, 
373,  374,  375,  376,  377,  378,  379,  380,  382,  384, 
385,  386,  387,  390,  391,  392,  393,  394,  395,  396, 
397,  398,  403,  404,  405,  406,  407,  408,  409,  410. 

64,  73,  75,  80,  84,  87,  104,  108,  129,  177,  178,  181, 
226,  228,  253,  270,  291,  302,  313,  344,  345,  355, 
357,  368,  375,  376,  380,  891,  395,  398,  401,  420, 
421,  424,  435,  437,  451,  465,  469,  470,  471,  474, 
491,  493,  494,  497,  511,  512,  521,  523,  524,  525, 
528,  533,  534,  535,  536,  572,  574,  575,  577,  588, 
604,  606,  616,  622,  623,  625,  628,  632,  634,  642, 
654,  655,  658,  668,  684,  690,  699,  702,  711,  718, 
719,  730,  736,  742,  771,  775,  782,  773,  799,  805, 
832,  833,  836,  843,  846,  851,  852,  856,  858,  861, 
872,  890,  904,  911,  914,  916,  918,  921,  948,  951, 
953,  956,  980,  984,  998,  1009,  1011,  1017,  1032, 
1060,  1097,  1100,  1104,  1107,  1153,  1215,  1301, 
1329. 

1630 

467 

21,  51,  95,  97, 106, 107,  111,  113, 132, 133, 134. 135, 
139,  141,  145,  150,  157,  159,  100,  161,  174,  175, 
186,  187,  189,  190,  191,  192,  193,  194,  195,  197, 
198,  199,  200,  201,  202,  203,  204,  206,  207,  208, 
209,  210,  211,  212,  215,  218,  219,  220,  221,  222, 
223,  224,  226,  227,  228,  229,  230,  231,  232,  236, 
237,  238.  239,  240,  241,  242,  243,  244,  245,  246, 
247,  248,  249,  250,  251,  253,  261,  266,  272,  274, 
276,  277,  283,  284,  285,  286,  287,  288,  289,  290, 

291,  292,  293,  294,  295,  296,  297,  298,  299,  300, 
301,  302,  303,  304,  305,  306,  307,  308,  309,  310, 
311,  312,  313,  314,  315,  316,  317,  318,  319,  320, 
321,  322,  323,  324,  325,  326,  327,  328,  329,  330, 
331,  332,  333,  334,  335,  336,  337,  338,  339,  340, 
341,  342,  343,  344,  346,  346,  347,  348,  349,  350, 
351,352,353.354,355,356. 

148 


Total  area. 


h.  a.  c. 

123  00  00 

36  23  69 
207  47  60 


172  18  96 


6  00  00 
19  89  66 

85  64  84 


Annual 
rental. 


r384. 00 

120.  <H) 

1.027.52 


1, 350. 96 


79.60 
470.96 


7  00 


1,102  42    8 


6,961.64 


ADMINISTEATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


173 


[Inclosure  No.  26.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  January  31, 1907. 


Temporary  leases. 

Plstate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  a 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. . . 
Binagbag  b 

24 

I  84  03 

9 

23  08  30 

3 

1 
34 

48 

1  36  80 
600 

58  41  60 
77  42  40 

32 
35 

F209.20 

.60 

370. 16 

506.00 

Fl,348.21 
357  92 

Tala..... 

7 
5 

1  60  80 
91  20 

491  58 

Piedad 

652  36 

Muntinlupa 

5  08 

Malinta 

12 

2  92  80 

155 

251  38  50 

119 

1,448.00 

1,660.96 
174  84 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 

Dampol  c 

18  80 

Guiguinto  c 

1 

1  32  61 

14 

7 
21 
2 

27  49  50 
16  39  09 
6  80  68 
14  00  00 

7 
6 
25 
10 
4 
90 
12 
20 

■    158.32 
103.  76 

80.96 
146. 88 
206.  40 
608. 56 

14.56 
269. 28 

1  398.  80 

Banilad 

2 

18 
5 
6 
3 

66  80 

3  40  04 

18  58  53 

20  41  65 

2  46  11 

045  '^2 

Taiisay-Manglanilla 

5 
7 
1 

23 
7 

10 

47  56 
51  44 
13  17 

1  56  72 
27  60 
76  17 

887.  28 

Imus 

743  r? 

Binan 

368  64 

Calamba. . .  . 

78 
6 
8 

79  20  57 
1  54  30 

47  39  60 

819  89 

Lolomboy 

213  90 

Naic 

6 

9  11  80 

804  46 

Orion 

344  90 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

7 
5 
I 

33  90 

.     13  86 

10  05 

6 

13  90  50 

8 

26 

1 

122. 00 

221. 28 

2.40 

1,115  28 

Santa  Maria  de  Fandi 

43 

39  54  40 

884. 18 

Santa  Rosa 

518  88 

1 

Estate. 

Total  area  con- 
tracted for  dur- 
ing this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

180. 00 

Surveys'  progress 
to  January  31,  1907. 

San  Jose  a 

h.   a.    c. 

Completed. 
90  per  cent. 
36. 6  per  cent. 
Completed. 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon ...   . 

26  29  13 

6  00 

60  02  40 

78  33  60 

^209. 20 

.60 

370. 16 

506.00 

1.348.21 

357. 92 

491.58 

652.36 

5.08 

1,660.96 
174.84 

Binagbag  b 

Tala 

Piedad '. 

Do 

Muntinlupa 

Begun. 

30. 3  per  cent. 

Completed. 

Malinta .  . 

254  31  30 

1,448.00 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 

Dampol  c 

18.86 
1,398.80 
645. 22 
887.28 
743. 12 
368.  64 
819.89 
213. 96 
804. 46 
344. 90 
1,115.28 
884. 18 
518.88 

Do 

Guiguinto  c 

28  82  ii 
17  05  89 
10  68  28 
33  09  97 
20  54  82 
83  23  40 
1  81  90 
57  27  57 

i58. 32 
103. 76 

80. 96 
140. 88 
206.  40 
608. 56 

14.56 
269.28 

Do 

Banilad 

45.5  percent. 
No  work  done. 

29.2  per  cent. 
Completed. 

11.3  per  cent. 
19.8  per  cent. 
6.3  percent. 
Completed. 

Taiisay-Manglanilla 

Imu3 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic... 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

14  24  40 

39  68  26 

10  05 

122. 00 

221. 28 

2.40 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandl. . 

13.3  per  cent. 

51.4  per  cent. 

Santa  Rosa 

Total 

725  59  08 
d32  183  33  37. 79 

4, 468.  36 
d226,270.33 

13,634.42 
«203,740.38 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last 
monthly  report. 

Grand  total 

32  908  92  45. 79 

230, 738.  69 

217, 374.  80 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

6  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

<  Corrected  total,  amounts  refunded  having  been  deducted. 


174  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  January,  1907. 


Estate. 


Naic . . . 
Piedad . 


Banilad.. 

Binan 

Calamba . . 

Guiguinto 

Imus 

Lolomboy 
Mallnta. . . 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 


Santa  Cruz  dc  Malabon  . 
Santa  Maria  de  Fandi . . 
Tala 


Talisay. 


Total. 


No.  of  lease. 


557 

102^  1  iK  331  ,"463! [[[[[[[[" ".[."['.'.'.[ ."" 
36,  64,  74,  114,  140, 244,  419,  480, 540,  561,  679, 
789,  794,  1195,  1288,  1309. 

18,  42,  58,  66, 159, 161,  162 

147 

1575. 


739, 


53, 55, 73,  81,  86,  87, 103, 122, 123, 130, 132, 139, 144, 
146, 147, 148, 155, 175, 184, 202, 223,  225,  232,  254, 
259,  264, 284,  346,  350, 352,  357, 366,  368,  370,  378, 
379,  380,  384,  398,  407,  431,  437,  438,  452,  456,  459, 
461,  470,  473,  481,  483,  485,  488,  498, 501,  532,  537, 
539, 540, 569, 574, 575, 581, 583, 593, 595, 599,  600, 
606,  616,  621,  622,  623,  627,  628,  630,  637,  642,  652, 
654, 656,  658,  659,  065,  666,  669,  688,  692,  702,  729, 
730,  735,  736,  741,  757,  769,  772,  778,  785,  790,  792, 
797,  805, 811,  812,  813,  814,  815,  821,  823,  824,  825, 
828,  831,  844,  845,  853. 

8,  254,  509 

15,  20,  40,  42,  62,  64,  72,  92,  93,  94,  99, 106, 110, 

118, 130,  137, 142, 147, 148, 151, 154, 170, 173^ 

199,  212,  246,  249,  253,  255,  262,  274, 
289,  502,  6(35,  677,  709,  812,  848,  857,  922, 1001, 

1081, 1150, 1192, 1203, 1238, 1254, 1353, 1359, 

1395,  1405, 1410. 
22,  63,  83,  308,  458,  520,  633,  651 

9,  151, 152,  153, 154, 155,  243,  665, 1948 

5,  44,  52,  53,  66,  74,  81,  82,  85,  99, 105, 109,  116,  117, 

136, 137, 143, 146, 163, 171, 184,  205,  233,  256,  257, 
259,  260,  262,  267,  271,  280. 
149,  935, 1705 


113, 
,  176, 

1049, 
1300, 


Total  area. 


71  61 

39    28  50 

33    73  55 

33    43  47 

6    48  41 

43  20 

150    70  27 


4    15    52 

47    03    30 


25  81  50 
33  09  60 
41     01     48 


2    03    16 


432    03    93 


Annual 
rental. 


F4. 32 

404.  00 
299.  68 

171.64 

33.28 

4.00 

880. 16 


51.76 
284. 64 


120. 32 


207.  44 
184.  64 
267.  60 


16.80 


2,930.28 


[Inclosure  No.  27.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  March  31,  1907. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

xMo. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose« 

li.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

F210  00 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

14 

2  31  49 

16 

27  32  15 

23 

F245. 92 

sis.  28 

Binagbag  b 

Tala 

4 
2 

38  40 
43  20 

10 
11 

16  27  20 
14  76  00 

13 
11 

56.48 
83.62 

312  90 

Piedad 

431  20 

Muntinlupa. 

125.  20 

Malinta 

2 

52  80 

17 

20  06  03 

10 

116.  40 

1  214  00 

San  Marcos  c 



Matamo  c 



Dampol  c 

2 
27 

9 

4 
15 

4 

6  59 
81  00 
9  20 
9  10 
1  19  82 
1  02  43 

2 
27 
15 

0 
26 

4 

2.40 
32.40 
34.72 
13.84 
155.  60 
207.  36 

377  02 

Guiguinto  c 

25  82 

Banilad.... 

8 
6 

4  91  96 

83  92 

9  14  00 

18  39  14 

284  98 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

2 

10 
3 

42  88 
18  58  89 
11  83  97 

083  95 

Imus 

904  40 

Binan 

999  12 

Calamba 

582  31 

Lolomboy 

3 
14 

9  00 
80  26 

2 
5 
3 

2 
8 

1  53  60 
40  49  61 
18  15  69 
38  00  00 
20  54  40 

5 

20 
4 

10 
6 
12 

13.  04 
317.  44 
157.  52 
273.  68 
145.  52 
582.  72 

1  337  16 

Naic 

6 
1 
5 

52  74  51 
2  39  38 
43  00  00 

744  16 

Orion 

304  86 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

3 

96  40 

179.  42 
414  64 

Santa  Rosa 

12 

1  36  09 

19 

55  83  18 

593  68 

a  No  tenants; 
b  Practically  £ 
c  All  leased. 


grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 
11  leased. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  175 

Report  of  the  administration  oj  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  March  31  j  1907 — Con 


Estate. 


Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

month. 


San  Joseo 

Isabela 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

Binagbag  6 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamo  c 

Dampolc 

Guigninto  c 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. . . . 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 
last  monthly  report  d 


Grand  total. 


29  63  64 


16  65  60 
15  19  20 


6  69 

81  00 

5  01  16 

1  35  90 

28  92  71 

31  25  54 


1  62  60 
94  10  38 
20  55  07 
81  96  40 
20  54  40 
57  19  27 


425  48  29 
34, 478  45  02.  79 


34,903  93  31.79 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 


P245. 92 


56.48 
83.52 


2.40 
32.40 
34.72 
13.84 
155. 60 
207. 36 


13.04 
317. 44 
157.  52 
273.  68 
145. 52 
582.  72 


2,438.56 
234,538.71 


236,977.27 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


P210. 00 
""m28' 


312. 90 

431.  20 

125.  20 

1,214.00 


377. 02 
25.82 
284.  98 
683.  95 
904.40 
999. 12 
682.  31 
1,337.16 
744. 16 
304.  86 
179.  42 
414. 64 
693.  68 


10,038.10 
227,752.83 


237,790.93 


Progress  of  surveys  to 
March  31, 1907. 


Complete. 

95  per  cent  complete. 

40.7  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 

None. 

Do. 
24. 2  per  cent  complete. 

35.8  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 

Do.* 

Do. 
52.4  per  cent  complete. 
None. 

39  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 

18.6  per  cent  complete. 
26.4  per  cent  complete. 

17.7  per  cent  complete. 
Complete. 

None. 

21 .8  per  cent  complete. 
93  per  cent  complete. 


a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

Total  area,  158, 677;  surveyed  area,  76,370;  complete,  48. 1  per  cent. 

[Inclosure  No.  28.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  March ^  1907. 


Estate. 


Banilad . 


Binan 

Dampol . . . 

Imus 

Lolomboy. 
Malinta . . . 


Naic 

Piedad 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 


Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 

Talisay-Minglanilla 


Total. 


No.  of  lease. 


316,  338,  375,  451,  493, 

715. 
15. 


21,  559,  606,  611,  613,  711, 


294,316 

240,  722,  880,  892,  1841 . 
1571. 


194,  250,  604,  647,  672,  674,  726,  751,  753,  781,  783, 

786,  826,  833,  966. 

102,  451,  474,  620,  700 

10,  87,  167,  200,  205,  228,  239 

4,  123,  124,  128,  215,  378,  400,  408,  414,  487,  500,  549, 

595,  633,  635,  681,  683,  767,  788,  842,  1036,  1072, 

1411. 
316. 


44,  73,  107,  109,  110,  111,  628 

124,  152,  252,  263,  264,  273,  361,  362,  363,  364,  365. 
1736,  1381,  1450,2036 


Total  area. 


h. 

a. 

c. 

26 

49 

72 

P117.52 

16 

32 

55 

154.24 

36 

95 

4.08 

17 

08 

65 

111.44 

3 

.40 

13 

15 

33 

72.80 

99 

59 

58 

594.56 

4 

63 

75 

31.20 

12 

34 

78 

99.68 

16 

32 

00 

126.72 

75 

34 

IV 

764.64 

14 

81 

73 

46.96 

1 

69 

06 

12.64 

298    21    17 


Annual 
rental. 


2, 136. 88 


176 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   U\NDS. 


finclosure  No.  29.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  June  30,  1907. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount, 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 
h.  a.    c. 

No. 

Area. 

San  Jose  (^ 

h.  a.  c. 

li.  a.    c. 

F220. 00 

Isabela 

34 
41 

5  96  00 

6  70  75 

42 
81 

33  46  00 
166  91  97 

34 

39  89  00 

60 
71 

r596. 12 
1,339.84 

744. 10 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

2,111.96 

Binagbaer b  ., 

16.24 

Taia  ..;..:::: .:::.::::: 

52  80 
9  60 

5 
13 

6  12  00 
17  11  20 

7 
12 

17.44 
56.08 

287.00 

Piedad 

377. 44 

Muntlniupa ... 

8.00 

Malinta 

2 

19  20 

4 

8  16  00 

5 

36.72 


1,024.76 

San  Marcos  ^ 

... 

Matamo  c 

34.00 

Dampolc 

1,128.80 

Guiguinto  c 



2,283.66 

Banilad ... 

1 

5  60 

20 
4 

61 
2 

11 

10  10  08 
3  39  44 
186  44  78 
57  13  12 
15  45  47 

16 
3 

132 
4 
17 

60.64 
25.44 
684. 80 
230. 96 
120.58 

461. 90 

T  alisay-M  anglanil  la 

1, 136. 16 

Imus 

1 

4 

6  30  70 
6  70 
30  54 

27 

39  21  04 

3,022. 30 

Binan 

5,316.90 

Calamba 

2 

2  91  27 

3,7o2.39 

Lolomboy 

2,495.60 

Naic-     . 

10 

1 
5 

58  14 
7  48 
12  85 

2 

4  76  33 

1 

7 

60  65  00 
3  26  29 

11 

8 

7 

176.40 
13.92 
56.40 

3,064.30 

Orion 

441. 18 

Santa  Cruz  dp  Malabon 

3 

8  00  00 

2, 354. 46 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

5, 139. 30 

Santa  Rosa 

2 

6  52 

14 

44  45  73 

8 

447.28 

6,693.67 

Estate. 

Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

month. 

Total 
amount  due 
annually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

Progress  of  field  work  on 
surveys  to  June  30, 1907. 

San  Jose  o              ,               .... 

h.  a.    c. 


F220.00 

744. 10 

2,111.96 

16.24 

287. 00 

377. 44 

8.00 

1,024.76 

Completed. 

Isabela 

79  31  00 
173  62  72 

F596. 12 
1,339.84 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

52.8  per  cent  completed. 

Binagbag  b 

Completed. 

Tala 

6  64  80 
17  20  80 

17.44 
56.08 

No  work  done. 

Piedad 

Do. 

Muntinlupa 

59.9  per  cent  completed. 

Malinta  .         . 

8  35  20 

36.72 

Completed, 

San  Marons  <^. ..  ^ 

Matamo  c 

34.00 
1, 128. 80 
2,283.66 

461.  90 
1, 136. 16 
3,022.30 
5,316.90 
3,752.39 
2,495.60 
3,064.30 

441. 18 
2,354.46 
5, 139. 30 
6,693.67 

Do. 

Dampolc 

Do. 

Guiguinto  c 

Do. 

Banilad.               .     .               .      . 

10  15  68 

3  39  44 

231  96  52 

57  19  82 

18  67  28 

60.64 
25.44 
684.80 
230.96 
120.58 

Do. 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

No  work  done. 

Imus 

53.7  per  cent  completed. 

Binan 

Completed.     , 

Calamba 

49.5  per  cent  completed. 

Lolomboy 

68.3  per  cent  completed. 

Naic 

65  34  47 
3  33  77 
8  12  85 

176. 40 
13.92 
56.40 

47.9  per  cent  completed. 

Orion 

Completed. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Begun. 

28.3  per  cent  completed. 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa i 

44  52  25 

447.28 

Completed. 

Total 

727  86  60 
35,119  40  39.36 

3,862.62 
236,074.62 

42, 114. 12 
283, 174. 81 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 
last  monthly  report.d 

Grand  total 

35,847  26  99.36 

239,937.24 

325,288.93 

a  No  tenants,  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Practically  all  leased. 

cAlIleased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

60.1  per  cent  of  total  area  of  estates  surveyed. 


ADMINISTBATION   OP  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


177 


tlnclosure  No.  30.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  June,  1907. 


Estate. 


Binan . . . 
Calamba 

Imus 

Isabela . . 


Malinta 

Naic 

Piedad 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 


Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi . . 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 

Talisay-Minglanilla 


No.  of  lease. 


588,  700 

233  "A,"  1024,  1117  *'A,"  1179,  1347,  1405,  1407, 

1410, 1412, 1421, 1428, 1430, 1433, 1435, 1454. 
208,  218,  305,  317,  509,  891,  2103,  3394 

1, 2, 3,  4,  5,  6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 
19,  20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,  30,  31,  32, 
33,  34,  35,  36,  37,  38,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46, 
47,  48,  49,  50,  51,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56,  57,  58,  69,  60, 
61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  66,  67,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,  73,  74, 
75,  76. 

58,  609,  971,  972 

23. 


101,  126,  141,  241,  421,  422,  423,  424,  427 

20,  22,  42, 126, 138, 160, 162, 195,  211,  240,  242,  274, 
300, 328, 349, 350,  411, 462,  488, 489, 492,  578,  681, 
585,  586, 610,  618,  641, 645, 688, 766, 811, 818, 894, 
896,  903,  924,  932,  965,  971,  981,  986,  987,  1078, 
1131, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1145, 1185, 1202, 1204, 1207, 
1208, 1211, 1212, 1214, 1235, 1245, 1253, 1372, 1383, 
1415. 

41 ,  533, 816,  891 

685. 


74,  93, 173,  393,  439,  454,  1122. 

370,371,372,373 

294  "A" 


Total 354  42  83. 33 


Total  area. 


ft.  a.  c. 
57  13  12 
17  41  62 

14  67  25 
109  85  00 


5  63  80 
5  80  77 
7  75  90 
77  70  14. 33 


6  85 
5  28  00 
43  90  42 
4  56  00 
4  63  96 


Annual 
rental. 


P-228. 56 
111.20 

103.92 
1,119.28 


22.16 
58.56 
27.12 

648. 24 


3.20 

31.68 

440.88 

11.20 

25.28 


2,831.28 


[Inclosure  No.  31.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  Tnonih  ended  July  Sl^  1907. 


Temporary  leases. 


Estate. 

To 

No. 

wn  lots. 

Area. 

Irrig 
No. 

itcHl  fariiis. 

Area. 
li.  a.  c. 

Un 
No. 

irrigated 
farms. 

Area. 

h.   a.  c. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 
last 
re- 
port. 

Amount  of 
rental  due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

San  Jose  o.  

7i.  a.  c. 

P220. 00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

41 

8  88  84 

128 

420  43  C)7 

72 

F3, 460. 56 

3,416.64 

Binagbag  6 

173. 02 

Tala 

5 

32 

5  40  00 
49  64  00 

3 

33 
4 
11 

10.80 

155. 12 

2.40 

26.96 

4'10.10 

Piedad         

8 
4 
3 

91  20 
27  95 
38  40 

1,042.32 

Muntinlupa 

173. 46 

Malinta                .... 

8 

4  77  60 

1,881.94 

San  Marcos  c 

174.84 

Dampol  c 

i 

785. 18 

Guiguinto  ^       

2 
43 

1 
41 

7 
55 

2 

6 

600 

3  14  28 

8  80 

4  21  42 
44  08 

1  66  04 
6  00 
19  36 

i 

2 
74 
10 
55 

6 
116 
22 

9 

2.40 

1,272.52 

47.36 

237.60 

8.80 

450.08 

m.  48 

20.08 

487. 38 

Banilad 

7 
5 
9 

9  67  50 
2  30  00 
13  40  79 

14 

107  38  50 

4  21  76 

48  70  00 

123. 18 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus  - .              

879. 76 
1,126.73 

Binan 

3,768.77 

Calamba 

1 

1  68  61 

79 
23 
3 

65  15  73 

13  97  40 

1  82  86 

2,476.47 

Solombov  

2,113.87 

Naic.  .^.:::.: 

1 

19  31 

1,087.98 

Orion..               

300.24 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

3 

4 
6 

18  00 
15  60 
55  80 

3 
21 
11 

2.80 
157. 12 
706.00 

791.46 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi  . . 

17 
3 

35  37  60 

32  84  41 

7,208.62 

Santa  Rosa 

14 

56  14  46 

380.01 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privileges  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 
6  Practically  all  leased. 
c  All  leased. 


178 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  July  SI,  1907 — 

Continued. 


Estate. 


San  Josea . 
Isabela. , 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon , 

Binagbag  6 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos  c 

Matamoc 

Dampol  c 

Guiguinto  c 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Solomboy 

Naic 

Orion . 


Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon . 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. . . 
Santa  Rosa 


Total  area  con- 
tracted for 
during  this 
month. 


Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
ally from 
all  contracts 
executed 
during  this 
month. 


429  32  51 


5  40  00 

50  55  20 

27  95 

5  16  00 


P3,460.56 


10. 80 

155. 12 

2.40 

20.  90 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 


F220. 00 


3, 416. 64 
173. 02 
440. 10 

1.042.32 
173. 46 

1,881.94 
174.84 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 
last  monthly  report 


Grand  total . 


6  00 
180  20  28 
6  60  56 
66  32  21 
44  08 
68  50  38 
14  03  40 
2  21  53 


18  00 
35  53  20 
89  54  67 


954  35  97 
^35,073  72  51.36 


36,028  08  48.36 


1,272.52 
47. 36 

237.  60 
8.80 

450. 08 
60. 48 
20. 08 


2.80 
157. 12 

706.  00 


6,621.08 
d235,209.76 


241,830.84 


785. 18 

487. 38 

123. 18 

879.  76 

1,126.73 

3,768.77 

2,476.47 

2,113.87 

1,087.98 

300. 24 

791. 46 

7, 208. 62 

380. 01 


29,051.97 
325,288.93 


354,340.90 


Progress  of  field  work 
on  surveys. 


Completed. 

Do. 
56  per  cent  completed. 
Completed . 
No  worJk  done. 
Begun. 

78.1  per  cent  completed. 
Completed, 

Do! 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 

No  work  done. 

57.4  per  cent  completed. 

Completed. 

54.4  per  cent  completed. 

77.4  per  cent  completed. 

60.9  per  cent  completed. 

Completed . 

0.5  per  cent  completed. 

30.9  per  cent  completed 

Completed. 


a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  l^ractically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  July,  1907. 


Banilad . 


Calamba 

Irnus 

Malinta 

Muntinlupa 

Piedad 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 


Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon  . 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 

Tallsay 


Total. 


No.  of  lease. 


7, 12,  22,  31,  40,  47,  49,  50,  51,  53,  55,  58,  69,  70, 78,  90, 
94,  97, 101, 109, 112, 113, 114, 116, 129, 131, 140, 145, 
149,  151,  155,  179,  180,  200,  203,  205,  222,  229,  231, 
232,  233,  252,  262,  2(53,  284,  293,  301,  302,  314,  321, 
335,  376,  459,  461,  464,  467,  472,  498,  510,  575,  624, 
626,629,645,  663,  710,  493A,  549A,  559A,  591A, 
602  A. 

813, 814, 1138, 1173, 1200, 1289, 1311, 1406, 1411, 1427, 
251  A,  1433A, 

26,  231,  252,  365,  476,  507,  511,  553,  687,  879,  1028, 
1195,  1269,  1777, 1915,  1937,  1966,  2196,  2339,  2510, 
2594,  2780,  2840, 2954. 

653 ,  682 ,  81 7 

426 


210  250 

17,  21,  27,"  40741V44,' 45756,*  61,  70VM,' Y03,"i26,"  m", 
140,  142,  146,  151,  182,  204,  208,  230,  234,  239,  269, 
284,  295,  323,  329,  336,  339,  372,  548,  594,  611,  644, 
698,  724,  761,  787,  877,  882,  966,  990,  1015,  1027, 
1080,  1082,  1086,  1093,  1132,  1159,  1187, 1197,  1209, 
1223,  1262,  1278,  1283,  1303,  1324,  1373,  1393,  1396, 
27A,  357A,  376A,  1312A. 

367- 


3,  26,  41, 102, 152, 164, 172,  424,  551,  823,  1332. 

169,  294 A 

825, 1732, 1871 


Total 

area. 


h.  a.  c. 
97  69  35 


110  31  37 
44  72  63 


1  83  03 

100  00  00 

3  66  75 

238  87  88 


2  50  00 

167  93  91 

19  80 

5  89  76 


773  54  48 


Annual 
rental. 


r453. 60 


652.48 
342.08 


9.20 

200.00 

29.36 

1,834.04 


20.00 

1,149.20 

1.84 

35.68 


4,727.48 


ADMINTSTRATFON   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


179 


[Inclosure  No.  33.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  September  < 


1907. 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 

collected 

during 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

this 
month. 

San  Jose  « 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

h.  a.  c. 

1*^220  00 

Isabela 

226.00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabou. . . 

4 
1 
1 

27  47 
14  40 
7  20 

18 

68  10  83 

11 
15 

8 

F579. 12 

52.  32 
71.92 

1, 408. 76 

Tala...     . 

14 
8 

24  60  00 
35  56  00 

109  82 

Piedad 

387. 78 

Muntinlupa 

12.80 

Malinta 

3 

63  96 

4 

1  91  83 

3 

21.  36 

868.96 

Dampolc 

148.  68 

Guiguintoc 

1 

93 
9 
11 

3  GO 

8  01  10 

40  50 

90  14 



5 

135 

3 

2 

9  42  24 

259  42  50 

1  52  00 

5  00  00 

5 

148 
11 
12 

69. 16 

2, 210. 20 

23.28 

46.64 

9.40 

Banilad 

7 
1 

2 

5  92  80 

5  00 

4  78  40 

362.  64 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

102. 28 

Imus  . 

1  583  35 

Binan 

1, 475. 97 

Calamba   . 

14 

2  6  16 

33  44  32 

86 
9 
2 

3 

89  7  95 
56  60 
85  00 

1  45    3 

1 

4 
4 

8 

1, 017. 32 

4.64 
7.60 
6.64 
42.96 
23.36 

664  39 

Solomboy 

597. 14 

Naic.  . 

1 
1 

2  94 
7  80 
18  25 
6  00 

1  802  42 

Orion 

405.  06 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon                3 

2 

3  97  60 

1,079.14 
438.  38 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 2 

8 

4  24  40 

Santa  Rosa 1 

1, 564. 38 

i 

1 

Estate. 

Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  an- 
nually 
from  all 
contracts 
executed 
during 

this 
month. 

Survey  progress  to 
September  30,  1907. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Jose  «  . . 

h.  a.  c. 

Completed . 

F220  00 

Isabela 

do 

226. 00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . .   . 

68  38  30 

T579. 12 

67.3    per    cent    com- 
pleted. 
Completed . . 

1, 408. 76 

Binabag  f>  . . 

Tala  .^. ..:::"":::"";""; :"■"' 

24  74  40 
35  63  20 

52.32 
71.92 

Begun 

169. 82 

Piedad 

31.8    per    cent    com- 
pleted. 
Completed 

387. 78 

Muntinlupa 

12.80 

Malinta.. 

2  55  79 

21.36 

-do.-   . 

868. 96 

San  Mareosc 

.   ..do 

Matamoc 

do..   . 

Dampolc 

..do 

148. 68 

Guiguintoc 

9  45  24 

273  96  40 

1  97  50 

10  68  54 

69. 16 

22  10  20 

23.28 

46.  64 

do  -    . 

9.40 

Banilad.                       .       .                    .      . 

.do 

362.  64 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

7  per  cent  completed. . 
59.3    per    cent    com- 
pleted. 
Completed. . 

102. 28 

Inms...             ... 

1,583.35 
1, 475.  97 

Binan...     . 

Calamba 

124  58  43 

56  60 

87  94 

1  52  83 
4  15  85 

4  30  40 

1,017.32 

4.64 
7.60 

0.64 
42.96 

23.36 

69.9    per    cent    com- 
pleted. 
Completed..  .. 

664. 39 

Solomboy 

597. 14 

Naic 

80.4    per    cent    com- 
pleted. 
Completed 

1,802  42 

Orion . . . 

405  06 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

11.5  per    cent    com- 
pleted. 

42.6  per    cent    com- 
pleted. 

Completed 

1,079.14 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi. . . 

438.  38 

Santa  Rosa... 

1,564  38 

Total . . 

563  41  42 
d37, 245  76  99 

4, 176. 52 
^243,378.60 

13, 527. 35 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from  last 

374, 811. 03 

monthly  report. 

Grand  total 

37,809  18  41 

247,555.12 

388, 338. 38 

a  No  tenants,  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

t>  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  lierewiLh  attached. 


180  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  September^  1907 . 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental. 

'  7i.  a.  c^ 

Banilad 

3, 4, 5, 8, 17, 20, 23,  26, 27,  28,  30,  33,  52, 59,  60,  63,  64, 
71,  75,  81,  85,  86,  89,  99, 110,  111,  117, 122, 125, 126, 

172  71  40 

P992.48 

127,  128,  130,  136,  137,  141,  143,  147,  152,  153,  157, 

161,  162,  165,  171,  185,  186,  187,  191,  192,  206,  212, 

213,  219,  224,  226,  230,  242,  245,  247,  248,  250,  253, 

254,  261,  267,  270,  276,  277,  281,  286,  291,  305,  309, 

313,  327,  329,  331,  334,  336,  342,  348,  350,  359,  360, 

362,  363,  367,  370,  371,  374,  380,  381,  382,  383,  385, 

395,  402,  411,  412,  414,  415,  416,  417,  423,  424,  428, 

429,  430,  431,  434,  446,  450,  455,  470,  476,  480,  481, 

483,  487,  496,  501,  515,  524,  525,  531,  540,  545,  546, 

563,  566,  573,  587,  593,  599,  602,  603,  604,  617,  625, 

627,  632,  642,  644,  648,  655,  659,  666,  671,  672,  674, 

681,  684,  690,  694,  700,  707,  718,  719,  721,  294A, 

316A. 

Calamba 

815, 1102, 1228, 1232, 1234, 1243, 1254, 1262, 1270, 1276, 
1371, 1372, 195A,  1272A. 

40  26  77 

250. 40 

Guiguinto 

26 ! 

5  69  00 

45,52 

Imus 

315,  516,  633,  648,  821,  1639. . . 

7  67  90 

2  36  59 

59  77  51 

52.48 

Malinta 

263A ,  665 A 

19.60 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

33,  35, 150,  318,  734,  913, 1236,  1248, 1344, 1351,  278A, 

497. 36 

1394  A. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

289,569,803 

6  19  85 
1  39  20 

63.36 

Tala 

370A  ..    . 

4  16 

Total 

296    8  22 

1,925.36 

[Tnelosure  No.  35.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  October  31,  1907, 


Temporary  leases. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  annu- 
ally. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unlrrigated 
farms. 

Amount 
collected 

during 
this 

month. 

No, 

Area, 

No. 

Area. 
7i.  a.  c. 

No. 

Area. 
h.  a.  c. 

San  Jose  o 

h.  a.  c. 

T220, 00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 
Binagbag  ^ 

48 

11  00  90 

129 

395  93  24 

1 

2  52  95 

84 

F3,293.84 

3,322.80 

Tala       .               

1 

2 

4  80 
21  60 

9 
9 

8  84  00 
m  32  80 

9 
11 

19,60 
133.36 

356. 52 

Piedad 

622. 74 

Muntinlupa 

221.00 

Malinta 1 

1          i 

878, 90 

San  Marcos  c 1 

Matamo  ^ j 

i                     1          ' 

Dampol  ^ 

;            i                        i            ' 

Guiguinto  c 

\           \                       i            i                      ' 

6.40 

Banilad 

42 
3 

11 
3 
3 
3 

4  82  90 
22  00 

1  90  56 
17  24 
13  98 
11  60 

2 

7 

1  40  70 
23  00 

22  40  85 

38  i  42  49  42 
7  1     1  49  77 
2       4  19  44 

60 

3 

08 
6 

649. 84 
19.84 

185,60 
3.60 

412. 82 
14.96 

1,034.30 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

131.68 
1,601.80 

Binan 

3,020.12 

977.68 

Calamba 

80 
4 

57  72  34 
2  89  20 

Lolomboy 

869. 00 

Naic         

6,301,02 
360,04 

Orion 

i 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon — 
Santa  Maria  de  I'andi 

15 

1 

1  00  28 
2  40 

10 

19  50  00 

2 
3 

12  00  00 
2  97  60 

21 

4 

186. 48 
16,32 

1,589.94 
1,298.60 

Santa  Rosa 

2,040,15 

! 

i                     i          i                   ^            ^ 

oNo  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month, 
fc  Practically  all  leased, 
c  All  leased. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


181 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  month  ended  October  31,  1906- 

Continued. 


Estate. 

Total  area 
contracted 
for  during 
this  month. 

Total 
amount 
due  annu- 
allj  from 
all  con- 
tracts exe- 
cuted dur- 
ing this 
month. 

Survey  progress  to 
Oct.  31, 1907. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
month. 

San  Jose  i 

h.  a.  c. 

Completed 

I»=220  00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

409  47  09 

1*3,293.84 

70  per  cent  completed. 
Completed 

3,322.80 

Binagbag  b 

Tala 

8  88  80 
65  54  40 

19.  60 
133. 36 

14.4  per  cent  completed 
56  per  cent  completed. . 
Completed 

356  52 

Piedad            

622  74 

Muntinlupa 

221  00 

Malinta 

-do    ..    . 

878. 90 

San  Marcos  c 

do '... 

Matamo  c 

.do  . 

Dampol  c 

do 

Guiguinto  c 

.do 

6  40 

Banilad 

48  73  02 
1  95  37 

28  50  85 
17  24 

57  86  32 
3  00  80 

649.84 
19.84 

185.  60 
3.60 

412. 82 
14.96 

do 

1,034.30 
131  68 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

8.5  per  cent  completed . 
65  per  cent  completed. 
Completed 

Imus                   

1  601  80 

Binan 

3,020.12 

977  68 

Calamba      

82.2  per  cent  completed 
Completed 

Lolomboy 

869  00 

Naic 

do 

6,301.02 
360  04 

Orion 

do 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

32  50  28 
3  00  00 

186. 48 
16.32 

19.8  per  cent  completed 
40.1  per  cent  completed 
Completed  . . 

1,589.94 
1  298  60 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 

2,040  15 



Total  reported 

659  64  17 
^37,456  44  40 

4,836.26 
d245,272.00 

24,852.69 
388,338.38 

Grand  total  brought  forward  from 

last  monthly  report. 

Grand  total 

38, 116  08  57 

250, 108. 26 

413,191.07 

a  No  tenants;  grazing  privilege  granted  at  20  cents  per  head  per  month. 

b  Practically  all  leased. 

c  All  leased. 

d  Amount  corrected  per  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  herewith  attached. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the  month  of  October,  1907. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total 
area. 

h.  a.  c. 

19  56  87 

2  31  02 
15  13  26 
60  00  00 
189  54  73 

43  85  28 
22  32  85 

Annual 
rental. 

Banilad 

10,  38,  41,  43,  82,  93,  100,  104,  106,  156,  159,  173,  174, 
177,  178,  181,  193,  195,  196,  197,  202,  214,  227,  234, 
244,  272,  287,  311,  318,  326,  345,  347,  355,  369,  372, 
419,  444,  449,  511,  514,  619,  592,  594,  605,  628,  634, 
635,  636,  667,  670,  676,  678,  688,  691.  703,  706,  731. 

309        

I*'150. 08 

Binan...         

23  12 

Imus 

256,  755 

107  92 

Naic 

1144 - 

120.00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Rosa 

12,  29,  39,  43,  53,  71,  78,  79,  89,  92,  106,  139,  143,  163, 
180,  185,  268,  271,  293,  315,  331,  343,  356,  440,  441, 
460,  620,  647,  751,  759,  770,  821,  845,  888,  889,  938, 
950,  957,  976,  1144,  1155,  1156,  1158,  1175,  1177, 
1182,  1199,  1217,  1220,  1228,  1243,  1247,  1250,  1293, 
1305,  1308,  1316,  1320,  1323,  1330,  1334,  1335, 1350, 
1370, 1371, 1397, 1400, 1407, 1413,  425A,  528A. 

198,  312,  337,  359, 382, 568,  679,  680, 1024, 941 A 

99,  100,  120,  249,  342,  418,  483,  502,  532,  538,  544,  545, 
547,  549,  550,  656,  557,  571,  572,  573,  574,  576,  590, 
603,  604,  610,  624,  626,  648,  660,  676,  679,  680,  681, 
682,  684,  695,  697,  698,  700,  709,  715,  717,  718,  722, 
727,  731,  742,  762,  785,  850,  891, 993, 1133, 1138, 1167, 
1181, 1296. 

1,433.20 

184. 48 
264. 32 

Total 

352  74  01 

2, 283. 12 

182  ADMINISTBATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

[No.  1705.] 

An  act  amending  act  numbered  two  hundred  and  seventy-nine,  as  amended,  by  providing  for  the  signing 
of  contracts  and  leases  for  cold-storage  space  in  the  division  of  cold  storage  of  the  bureau  of  supply. 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  that: 

Section  1.  Section  one  of  act  numbered  two  hundred  and  seventy-nine,  entitled 
"An  act  prescribing  the  method  of  executing  leases  of  real  estate  to  or  by  the  insular 
government,"  as  amended  by  section  one  of  act  numbered  fifteen  hundred  and  three 
and  section  one  of  act  numbered  fifteen  hundred  and  twenty-five,  is  hereby  further 
amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

"  Section  1.  All  deeds  and  leases  of  houses  and  other  real  estate  or  other  contracts 
for  the  use  and  occupancy  of  property  made  to  or  by  the  insular  government  or  any 
department  or  bureau  thereof  shall  be  executed  for  and  in  behalf  of  the  insular  gov- 
ernment by  the  governor-general,  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  to  wit: 

"  (a)  Leases  of  portions  of  the  San  Lazaro  estate  under  the  provisions  of  executive 
order  numbered  seven,  series  of  nineteen  hundred  and  one,  as  amended,  shall  be 
executed  by  the  director  of  lands,  by  and  with  the  approval  of  the  secretary  of  the 
interior. 

**  (6)  Leases  of  portions  of  the  public  domain  under  the  provisions  of  act  numbered 
nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  known  as  *The  public  land  act,'  and  deeds  and 
leases  under  act  numbered  eleven  hundred  and  twenty,  known  as  *  The  friar  lands 
act, '  shall  be  executed  by  the  director  of  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  secretary  of 
the  interior. 

"(c)  Contracts  and  leases  for  cold-storage  space  in  the  division  of  cold  storage, 
bureau  of  supply,  shall  be  executed  by  the  purchasing  agent,  with  the  approval  of 
the  secretary  of  public  instruction." 

Sec.  2.  The  public  good  requiring  the  speedy  enactment  of  this  bill,  the  passage 
of  the  same  is  hereby  expedited  in  accordance  with  section  two  of  "  An  act  prescribing 
the  order  of  procedure  by  the  commission  in  the  enactment  of  laws,"  passed  Septem- 
ber twenty -sixth,  nineteen  hundred. 

Sec.  3.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  August  31,  1907. 


[Inclosure  No.  38.1 

[No.  1736.] 

An  act  appropriating  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  pesos  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  a  reimbursa- 
ble fund  for  the  promotion  of  agricultural  pursuits  upon  certain  haciendas  and  parcels  of  land,  commonly 
known  as  ''friar  lands,"  and  for  the  extension  of  the  cultivated  area  thereof. 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  that: 

Section  1.  There  is  hereby  appropriated,  out  of  any  funds  in  the  insular  treasury 
not  otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  pesos  for  the  purpose 
of  establishing  a  reimbursable  fund,  under  the  direction  and  control  of  the  director  of 
lands  except  as  hereinafter  provided,  which  shall  be  known  as  the  ''friar-lands  loan 
fund,"  and  which  shall  be  made  available  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  herein- 
after specified,  for  the  making  of  mortgage  loans  upon  growing  crops  and  salable  com- 
modities manufactured  therefrom,  work  animals,  warehouses,  mill  houses  and  machin- 
ery, and  other  property,  both  real  and  personal,  belonging  to  actual  and  bona  fide 
cultivators  of  the  so-called  friar  estates,  for  the  encouragement  of  agricultural  pursuits 
and  the  extension  of  the  cultivated  areas  of  the  said  estates. 

Sec.  2.  The  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  designate  to  the  director  of  lands  the 
maximum  amount  of  the  friar-lands  loan  fund  which  may  be  loaned  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  this  act  within  any  given  period  of  time,  the  rate  of  interest 
which  such  loans  shall  bear,  the  term  within  which  the  mortgages  shall  be  redeemed, 
the  estate  or  estates  to  which  the  |)rovisions  of  this  act  shall  be  extended,  the  kind  or 
kinds  of  crops  or  salable  commodities  manufactured  therefrom,  and  the  class  or  classes 
of  buildings,  animals,  or  other  property,  both  real  and  personal,  which  may  become 
subject  to  mortgage  as  herein  provided,  the  manner  in  which  advances  of  loans  shall  be 
made,  and  the  maximum  amount  which  shall  be  advanced  for  each  hectare  under 
cultivation:  Provided,  however,  That  in  no  case  shall  the  maximum  amount  so  ad- 
vanced exceed  one  hundred  pesos  for  each  hectare  cultivated  by  the  mortgagor. 

Sec  3.  The  director  of  lanas  shall,  under  the  direction  and  approval  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  promulgate  such  regulations  and  issue  such  forms  and  instructions  as 
may  become  necessary  to  secure  the  government  against  loss  and  to  carry  out  the  pur- 
poses of  this  act.    He  shall  likewise  cause  to  be  kept  a  full  and  complete  record  of  all 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PPIILIPPINE   LANDS.  183 

transactions  regarding  loans  and  payments  thereof,  and  shall  keep  such  books  and 
render  such  accounts,  approved  by  the  insular  auditor,  as  may  be  necessary  for  the 
proper  accounting  for  said  fund,  and  loans  made  therefrom,  together  with  interest  on 
such  loans. 

Sec.^  4.  By  and  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  the  director  of 
lands  is  hereby  empowered,  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  to  make  such  loans  as  are  authorized  by  this  act,  and  to  execute  as  mortgagee, 
acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  necessary 
mortgages  to  carry  out  the  purposes  of  this  act,  and  all  mortga^^es  executed  under  this 
act  shall  be  executed  to  the  director  of  lands,  mortgagee,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of 
the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Sec.  5.  For  the  purposes  of  this  act  the  director  of  lands  shall  be  the  trustee  for  all 
mortgagors  for  the  purpose  of  disbursing  amounts  advanced  in  consideration  of  the 
mortgages,  and  shall  have  custody  of  all  mortgages  and  other  securities  for  the  mort- 
gage debts  pending  their  final  satisfaction  and  release.  He  shall  approve  or  disapprove 
all  applications  for  loans,  either  wholly  or  in  part,  and  such  approval  or  disapproval 
shall  be  final  and  conclusive:  Provided^  however,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
shall  indorse  upon  each  mortgage  his  approval  thereof  before  said  mortgage  shall  be 
considered  as  valid  and  effective. 

Sec.  6.  In  the  case  the  mortgagors  have  failed  or  neglected  to  discharge  the  mort- 
gages in  accordance  with  the  agreement  therein  specified,  the  director  of  lands  shall, 
upon  the  maturity  of  the  mortgage  notes,  proceed  to  the  foreclosure  of  the  mortgages 
in  the  manner  provided  by  law.  Whenever,  in  his  opinion,  the  interests  of  the  insular 
government  are  in  jeopardy  through  the  failure  or  neglect  of  the  mortgagors  properly 
to  observe  the  conditions  of  the  mortgage  agreements,  the  director  of  lands  shall  like- 
wise proceed  to  the  foreclosure  of  all  mortgages,  or  shall  take  such  other  action  as  may 
to  him  seem  necessary  in  the  premises. 

Sec,  7.  The  actual  and  necessary  expenses  arising  from  the  administration  of  the 
friar-lands  loan  fund  shall  be  advanced  from  the  general  appropriations  made  for  the 
bureau  of  lands,  and  shall  be  reimbursed  thereto  from  the  interest  and  profits  realized 
from  the  mortgage  loans  which  may  be  made  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
this  act. 

Sec.  8.  Upon  the  repayment  and  satisfaction  of  all  mortgage  debts  the  principal  of 
the  loans  shall  be  reimbursed  to  the  friar-lands  loan  fund  as  established  by  section  one 
of  this  act,  and  all  net  profits  from  said  loans  shall  likewise  accrue  to  and  become  a 
part  of  said  fund,  and  may  be  available  for  any  or  all  of  the  purposes  for  which  said 
fund  may  be  used. 

Sec  9.  The  public  good  requiring  the  speedy  enactment  of  this  bill,  the  passage 
of  the  same  is  hereby  expedited  in  accordance  with  section  two  of  "An  act  prescribing 
the  order  of  procedure  by  the  commission  in  the  enactment  of  laws, ' '  passed  Septem* 
ber  twenty -sixth,  nineteen  hundred. 

Sec.  10.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  October  2,  1907. 


[No.  1749.] 


AN  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  FRIAR-LANDS  BONDS  SINKING  FUND 
CREATED  BY  ACT  NUMBERED  ONE  THOUSAND  AND  THIRTY-FOUR. 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  he  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  that: 

^  Section  1.  The  sum  of  six  hundred  and  ninety-six  thousand  one  hundred  and 
eighty-four  pesos  and  ninety-three  centavos  is  hereby  appropriated,  out  of  any  funds 
in  the  insular  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  and  transferred  to  the  funds 
remaining  from  the  proceeds  of  sales  of  the  bonds  issued  for  the  purchase  price  of  the 
friar  lands  by  virtue  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and 
two,  and  act  numbered  one  thousand  and  thirty-four  or  the  Philippine  Commission; 
and  said  fund  so  increased  is  hereby  transferred  to  the  sinking  fund  heretofore  created 
by  virtue  of  the  said  act  numbered  one  thousand  and  thirty-four  of  the  Philippine 
Commission. 

Sec  2.  There  is  hereby  created  a  continuing  appropriation,  from  any  funds  in  the 
insular  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  as  follows: 

On  February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  eight,  and  on  each  succeeding  anniversary 
thereof,  to  and  including  February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  thirteen,  the  sum  of 
one  hundred  and  forty  thousand  pesos;  on  February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and 
fourteen,  and  on  each  succeeding  anniversary  thereof,  to  and  including  February 
first,  nineteen  hundred  and  twenty-three,  the  sum  of  two  hundred  and  eighty-thou- 
sand pesos;  on  February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  twenty-four,  and  on  each  sue- 


184  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

ceeding  anniversary  thereof,  to  and  including  February  first,  nineteen  hundred  and 
thirty-three,  the  sum  of  two  hundred  and  ninety-four  thousand  pesos;  which  sums,  as 
appropriated,  shall  be  transferred  to  the  sinking  fund  aforesaid. 

Said  sums  so  appropriated  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  available  for  investment 
by  the  insular  treasurer,  with  the  approval  of  the  governor-general,  by  deposit  at 
interest  with  qualified  depositaries  of  government  moneys,  and  for  loans,  for  periods 
not  exceeding  five  years  in  any  instance,  to  provincial  and  municipal  governments 
for  the  construction  of  public  works  of  a  permanent  character,  and  for  investment  in 
such  loans  and  securities  as  are  authorized  for  the  postal  savings  bank  by  existing  laws: 
Provided^  That  the  rates  of  interest  on  all  loans  made  by  authority  of  this  section  shall 
be  fixed  by  the  governor-general:  And  provided  further^  That  no  loans  shall  be  made 
from  this  fund  for  such  period  that  the  same  will  extend  beyond  the  period  for  the 
redemption  of  the  bonds  for  which  this  sinking  fund  is  created :  And  provided  further^ 
That  from  the  amounts  hereby  appropriated  for  any  year  moneys  received  during  that 
year  from  the  sale  of  the  lands  purchased  by  virtue  of  section  sixty-four  of  the  act  of 
Congress  of  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  shall  be  deducted  and  the  appro- 
priation from  general  funds  of  the  insular  treasury  correspondingly  decreased :  And  pro- 
vided further,  That  if  any  of  said  bonds  shall  be  redeemed  before  the  period  of  the  matu- 
rity thereof  said  bonds  shall  not  be  canceled,  but  shall  beheld  by  the  insular  treasurer, 
who  shall  collect  the  interest  on  said  bonds  as  the  same  falls  due  and  shall  deposit  such 
money  to  the  credit  of  the  sinking  fund  hereby  established :  And  provided  further  y^  That 
whenever  the  insular  treasurer  shall  certify  that  sufficient  money  has  become  available 
through  the  operation  of  this  act  to  redeem  all  of  said  bonds  on  maturity,  principal  and 
interest,  thereupon  the  continuing  appropriation  provided  for  in  this  section  shall 
cease  and  determine. 

Sec.  3.  An  annual  appropriation  of  five  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  pesos  is  hereby 
made,  beginning  with  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and 
eight,  for  the  payment  of  interest  as  it  becomes  due  quarterly  upon  the  so-called 
friar-land  bonds  issued  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  (Jongress  of  July  first,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  two:  Provided,  That  the  sum  hereby  appropriated  for  any  year 
shall  be  decreased  for  that  year  by  the  amount  of  receipts  of  whatever  nature  derived 
during  the  year  from  said  friar  lands,  except  receipts  from  the  sales  of  lands:  And 
provided  further,  That  if  the  receipts  derived  from  the  disposition  of  such  frair  lands, 
other  than  by  sale,  in  any  year  exceed  the  interest  for  that  year,  the  balance  of  such 
receipts  remaining  shall  become  available  for  the  payment  of  interest  in  the  succeed- 
ing year,  or  become  a  part  of  the  sinking  fund  for  the  redemption  of  the  bonds  as  the 
secretary  of  finance  and  justice  may  direct. 

Sec.  4.  The  proceeds  of  sales  of  the  lands  purchased  imder  the  provisions  of  the 
act  of  Congress  of  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  shall  in  no  case  be  used  for 
any  other  purpose  than  the  redemption  of  the  principal  of  said  bonds:  Provided, 
That  any  other  receipts  from  the  said  lands  shall  be  first  used  to  pay  the  interest 
upon  the  bonds  as  it  matures;  and  the  surplus,  if  any,  shall  be  deposited  to  the  credit 
of  the  sinking  fund  hereby  created  to  meet  the  principal  of  such  bonds  at  their 
maturity. 

Sec.  5.  There  is  hereby  appropriated,  out  of  the  general  funds  in  the  insular  treas- 
ury not  otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  or  sums  necessary  for  the  payment  of  the 
cost  of  exchange  or  of  transfer  to  the  city  of  New  York  of  funds  required  for  the  paj^- 
ment  of  interest  or  principal  of  such  bonds  as  such  cost  of  exchange  or  transfer  is 
incurred. 

Sec  6.  All  acts  or  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  7.  The  public  good  requiring  the  speedy  enactment  of  this  bill,  the  passage 
of  the  same  is  hereby  expedited  in  accordance  with  section  two  of  "An  act  prescribing 
the  order  of  procedure  by  the  commission  in  the  enactment  of  laws,"  passed  Septem- 
ber twenty-sixth,  nineteen  hundred. 

Sec.  8.  This  act  shall  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

Enacted,  October  7,  1907. 


[Inclosure  No.  40.] 

July  31,  1908. 
Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  inclose  herewith,  for  transmission  to  the  honorable  the 
Philippine  Commission,  a  report,  in  duplicate,  covering  operations  on  the  various 
friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ending  June  30,  1908. 

Very  respectfully,  

Acting  Director  of  Lands. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  op  the  Interior, 

Manila,  P.  I. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


185 


[Inclosure  No.  41.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  June  30,  1908. 


Estate. 


San  JosG 

San  Francisco  de  Mala- 

bon 

Binagbag 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

Matamo 

Dampol 

Guiguinto 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi . . 
Santa  Rosa 


Temporary  leases. 


Town  lots. 


No.      Area. 


h.  a.  c. 


14  72  10 

13  39  68 

12  50 

4  97  20 

6  73  58 

1  46  55 


55  20 
46  80 
07  21 
86  68 
40  25 
77  33 
90  79 
02  01 
53  36 
49  14 
12  00 
39  53 


Irrigated  farms. 


No. 


143 


10 


103 


Area. 


i^.   a.   c. 


575  40  38 


14  22  85 


7  69  15 
141  76  73 
766  33  66 
641  26  19 
336  89  48 

2  51  86 
196  62  77 

3  00  00 


293  88  18 


Unirrigated 
farms. 


No.        Area. 


h.    a.    c. 


563  55  64 
34  78  69 
27  58  20 
589  16  90 
196  38  63 
315  59  25 

11  72  91 
828  46  91 
236  64  30 
311  39  43 
515  41  14 
183  65  47 

27  29  96 
,391  05  29 
,036  90  16 
381  46  17 

12  00  00 
102  12  20 

3  19  80 


Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 


118 

193 

18 

162 

61 

75 

1 

335 

123 

112 

879 

794 

199 

673 

544 

302 

41 

41 

265 


Amount 
of  rental 
due  annu- 
ally. 


^5, 


552. 44 
540. 94 
176. 68 
054. 48 
775.  00 
708. 08 
115. 24 
414. 92 
562. 78 
804.  80 
209.56 
301. 92 
297. 54 
865. 12 
945.  32 
047. 16 
113. 20 
737.  00 
141.  52 


Amount 

collected 

during 

this 
quarter. 


T720. 00 

17,371.65 

520. 80 

1,564.72 

3,848.26 

890. 70 

5, 103. 13 

115.24 

3, 831. 85 

7, 860. 95 

2,073.94 

1,330.10 

15,430.67 
8, 587. 56 
4, 400.  52 
6, 008. 00 

12, 028. 12 
5,081.42 

16, 454. 94 
2.049.68 


Permanent  leases. 

"Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 

collected 

during 

this 
quarter. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

Orion 

4 

a.  c. 
41  35 

2 

h.  a.  c. 

2  72  39 

20 

h.  a.  c. 
32  56  21 

26 

F205. 00 

F246. 00 

Sale  certificates. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated  farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Agreed 

purchase 

price. 

Amount 
of  install- 
ments 
due  an- 
nually. 

Amount 

collected 

during 

this 

quarter. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

Binagbag 

23 

h.  a.  c. 
1  81  03 

h.   a.  c. 

2 

1 

1 

29 

h.  a.  c. 

3  07  25 
87  32  89 
26  35  31 
75  20  79 

25 

1 

36 

384 

T577. 10 
14, 140. 14 

7,772.42 
44,337.87 

P68. 76 

565. 60 

777. 75 

5, 655.  64 

San  Marcos 

?'707  00 

Dampol 

35 
239 

8  34  93 
11  07  33 

946. 82 

Orion 

116 

255  19  95 

10,252.39 

82278°— II.  Kept.  2289,  61^ 16 


186  ADMINISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  June  30 ^  1908 — Con. 


Estate. 


San  Jose. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

Binagbag 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos 

Matamo 

Dampol 

Guiguinto. 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. . . . 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 


Total 

Grand  total  brought  forward 
from  last  quarterly  report. 


Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

quarter. 


ft.  a.  c. 


Total 
amount  due 

annually 

from  all 
contracts 

executed 
during  this 

quarter. 


1, 153  68  12 
53  06  65 
27  70  70 

1,594  14  10 
203  12  21 
331  28  65 
87  32  89 
11  72  91 
926  72  35 
248  11  10 
325  15  79 
700  04  55 

1,047  39  38 
685  33  48 

1,774  85  56 

1,081  44  03 
596  02  30 
377  18  02 
16  49  14 
102  24  20 
319  47  51 


11,663  13  64 

32, 383  48  85 


44,046  62  49 


r5,552.44 

609.  70 

176.  68 

4, 054. 48 

775.  00 

1, 708. 08 

565. 60 

115. 24 

9,192.67 

2,562.78 

1,804.80 

6,209.56 

6,301.92 

8,297.54 

13,865.12 

6,945.32 

4,047.16 

6, 860. 64 

113.  20 

737. 00 

4,141.52 


83, 636.  45 
206, 524. 43 


290, 100.  { 


Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
quarter. 


17,371. 
520. 

1,564. 

3,848. 
890. 

5, 103. 
707. 
115. 

4,778. 

7,860. 

2,073. 

1,330. 
15,430. 

8,587. 

4, 400. 

6, 008. 
12,028. 
10, 498. 

5,081. 
16, 454. 

2,049. 


127,424.46 

478, 780.  21 


Remarks. 


No   tenants;    grazing  privi- 
leges at  20  cents  per  head 


606, 204.  67 


per  month. 


All  sold. 

All  leased. 

Practically  all  leased  or  sold. 

All  leased. 


Practically  all  leased  or  sold 


Corrected  amount  as  per 
attached  lists  of  leases  dis- 
continued. 


[Inclosure  No.  42.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  ike  month  of  April,  1908. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental. 

Banilad 

2,  31,  59,  07,  83,  90,  101,  105,  116  126,  132,  135,-  184, 
187,  216,  222,  228,  231,  60ti,  625,  and  689  A. 

1-3,  5-10,  12-14,  16-25,  27-30,  32-35,  37-63,  65,  67- 
71,  73,  76-85,  88-90,  92-98,  100-107,  109,  110,  112. 
113,  115-139,  142,  145-154,  156,  158-170,  172,  173, 
175,  177,  178,  180-188,  190,  191,  193,  194,  197-212, 
214-232,  234-240,  242,  243,  245-249.  252-255,  257- 
276,  278,  282-288;  4,  11, 15,  26,  31,  36,  64,  66,  72,  74, 
75,  86,  87,  91,  99,  108,  111,  114,  140,  141,  143,  144, 
155,  157,  171,  174,  176,  179,  189,  192,  195,  196,  213, 
241, 244, 250,  256, 277, 279, 280, 281,  289  A  and  233  B. 

112-114,  110-158,  160,  163-392,  394-449;  and  30,  42, 
51,  58,  66,  91,  115,  159,  161,  162,  393  A. 

1317-1330,    1332-1363,    136(5-1404,    140()-1410,    1412- 
1421,   1423-1484,   148(^-1506,  1509-1511,  1513-1530, 
1532-1548,  1550-1553,  1555-1578,  1581-1638,  1640- 
1648,  1650-1678,  1680^4682,  1()85-1728,  1730-1744, 
1746-1754,  1756-1772,  1774-1776,  1778-1782,  1784, 
178(M791. 

278-408, 470-524,  520-576,  578-711,  713-856,  and  858- 
8()8. 

76  and  765  B   

ft.  a.  c. 

55  27  80 

545  74  94 

293  30  80 

424  84  88 

711  47  40 

8  14  60 
11  80  00 
42  77  26 

5  84  60 
147  23  51 

r442. 56 

Calamba 

5, 336. 12 

Guiguinto 

2,171.96 

Imus 

2, 591. 04 

Lolomboy 

4,628.88 

Malinta    

49.76 

Matamo 

I 

68.00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon . 

79, 171,  241,  507,  768,  and  888  A       

390. 56 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Talisay-Minglanilia 

896,  121,  541,  567,  602,  ()42,  930,  952,  and  1032  A 

1-5,  7-25,  27-41,  43-70,  72-75,  77-81,  and  84-103 

37.84 
840. 64 

Total 

2,246  45  79 

16,557.36 



ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  187 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  May,  1908. 
Estate. 


Banilad. 


Binan. 


Calamba 
Dampol . 

Imiis 


Lolomboy.- 
Santa  Rosa. 


Talisay-Minglanilla . 


Total. 


No.  of  lease. 


746, 22,  32, 37, 45,  54,  62, 70, 77, 109, 112, 115, 119, 120, 
140,  142,  145,  151,  152,  154,  155,  180,  190,  203,  225, 
252,  263,  268,  277,  306,  338,  393,  418,  461,  464,  616, 
640,  652  A,  and  662  B. 

1,  3,  5,  6, 10-13, 16-19,  21-24,  27-34,  36,  37,  39,  41-43, 
45,  47-50,  53,  55-58,  60-62,  64,  67,  70,  72-78,  82,  83, 
85-87, 90-95, 99, 109-112, 118, 120, 121, 125, 127, 130, 
132,  138,  139,  142,  144, 146,  147,  150-153, 157,  159, 
163, 164, 166,  168, 171, 172, 179, 182,  183, 187, 188, 
192, 195, 197,  198,  201,  203,  204,  205,  207,  212,  214, 
218,  219,  222-224,  227,  228,  232,  237,  239,  240,  243- 
246,  249,  251,  252,  254,  257,  258,  261-276,  279,  281, 
283-287,  289-292.  294,  295,  297,  300,  302,  305,  310, 
313,  314,  316-318,  321,  323-327,  329,  332,  334-341, 
343,  344,  346,  349-353,  356,  357,  360-367,  369,  372, 
374,  375,  377,  378,  381,  382,  385,  388-390,  394-396, 
406, 407, 415, 417, 418, 420-425, 432, 433;  and  15, 38, 
A. 

290-306,  30&-322;  and  307  A 

1-29, 31-77, 79-113, 115-130, 132-148, 150-160, 162-219, 
221-227, 230-249, 251-270, 272-290, 292, 293,  295-308, 
310-315,  317-321;  and  30, 149, 291, 294, 316  A. 

1792-1796, 1798-1817, 1819-1840, 1842-1902,1904,1906- 
1914,  1916-1921,  1923-1936,  1938-1965,  1967-2028, 
2030-2059,  2061-2102,  2104-2112,  2114-2142,  2145- 
2147,  2151-2167,  2169-2172,  2174-2176,  2178-2180, 
2182,  2184-2195,  2197-2206,  2208-2212,  2214-2219, 
2221-2226,  2228,  2231-2248,  2250-2262,  2264-2268, 
2271-2277,  2280-2293,  2295-2300,  2302-2319,  2321- 
2328,  2330-2332,  2334-2338,  2340-2342,  2344-2350, 
2352,  2354,  2356-2358,  2360-2366,  2368-2383,  2385- 
2392,  2394-2401,  2403-2414,  2417-2421,  2423-2426; 
and  365,  648,  891,  1937,  2339  A. 

869-1097  and  525  A 

2,  4,  5,  9, 12,  14,  21,  32,  33,  35-39,  45,  48,  49,  53,  54,  58, 
66,  67,  69,  71,  72,  77,  78, 81,  82, 89, 103, 116, 121, 125, 
127,  128,  136,  151,  153,  154,  158,  168,  169,  174,  176, 
177-185,  189-193,  195,  196,  198,  199,  201-207,  209- 
240,  242,  245-248,  250-261,  263-266,  268-274,  276- 
281,  283-289,  292,  293,  296,  299-310,  323,  324,  327- 
330,  334,  335,  337,  339,  341,  344,  346-354,  356,  358, 
360,  362,  363,  366-368,  372,  375,  384,  386,  390,  392, 
397,  400,  404-415,  420,  423,  426,  427,  429-431,  438, 
441-449,  451,  455-457,  462,  464,  468,  470,  471,  472, 
474-476,  480,  482,  484-501,  503-523,  526,  528-531, 
533,  534,  537,  539,  541-543,  546,  548,  552,  555,  558- 
570,  575,  577-579,  581-584,  586-589,  591-595,  597- 
602,  605,  607,  609,  611,  613-615,  618,  and  627. 

234-316,  318-578,  581,  583,  584,590-593,  595-608,  610, 
612,  614,  615,  618-624,  626,  627,  629,  631-633,  636, 
639,  640,  642-645. 


Total  area. 


h.  a.  c. 
34  43  24 


308  20  23 


74  91  89 
943  75  71 


183  23  90 


332  03  60 

116  22  17 


404  54  20 


2, 397  34  94 


Annual 
rental. 


F288. 24 


3,084.44 


490.00 
4,222.04 


1,335.96 


1,963.36 
1,230.80 


2,445.60 


List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  June,  1908. 


Estate. 

Banilad 

Binagbag 

Binan 


No.  of  lease. 


30,  69,  71,  74, 196,  233,  245,  360,  375,  414,  424, 539,  566, 
and  573A. 

1-52,  54-78,  80-167,  169-183,  185-188,  190-198,  and 
79-189A. 

4,  7,  8,  9,  20,  25,  26,  35,  40,  44,  46, 51,  52,  54, 59,  63,  65, 
66,  QS,  69,  71,  79,  81,  84,  m,  89,  96,  97,  98,  100, 101, 
103-108,  113,  114,  115,  117,  119,  122-124,  126,  128, 
277,  280,  282,  288,  293,  296,  298,  299,  301,  303,  304, 
306,  307,  308,  311,  312,  315,  319,  320,  322,  328,  330, 
333,  342,  345,  347,  348,  354,  355,  358,  359,  368,  370, 
371,  373,  376,  379,  380,  383,  392,  393,  435-439,  441, 
443-449,  452-458,  460,  461,  463,  464,  466,  467,  470, 
472,  473,  475,  477-481,  483,  ASb,  486,  487,  489,  490, 
491,  492, 495,  497,  498, 499, 501-506  508, 509, 511-519, 
521-524,  526-535,  537-541,  544,  546,  548-556,  558, 
560-566,  568,  569,  671,  572,  574,  575,  576,  577,  578, 
580-584,  586-596,  598-612,  614-619,  621-626,  and 
331A. 


Total  area. 


h.  a.  c. 
51  37  43 


168  13  20 
524  23  59 


Annual 
rental. 


r372.32 

718. 96 
5,088.24 


188  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  June,  1908 — Continued. 


Estate. 


No.  of  lease. 


Total  area. 


Annual 
rental. 


Calamba. 


Quiguinto. 
Imus 


Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 


Piedad 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

San  Marcos 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala 

Talisay-Minglanilla 


32a-373,  376-388,  390-399,  401-418,  420-436,  438-446, 
44&-458,  461-479, 481-513, 515-539, 541-556, 559-560, 
562-566,  568-573,  575-576,  57&-582,  584,  686,  588- 
590,  592-614,  616-659,  661-^63,  665-666,  668-678, 
680-681,  683-695,  697-703,  706-707,  709-728,  730- 
738,  740-751,  753-756,  758-775,  777-785,  787,  788, 
790-793,795-799,801-812,  816-901,  903-917,919-926, 
928,  930-935,  937-948,  950-1005,  1007-1023,  1025- 
1101,  1103,-1116,  111^1137,  1139-1172,  1174-1194, 
1196-1197, 1199, 1201-1205, 1207-1222;  374, 375, 389, 
400,  419,  437,  447,  459,  480,  514,  540,  561,  574,  583, 
585,  587,  691,  615,  664,  667,  679,  682,  696,  704,  705, 
708,  729,  739,  757,  776,  789,  794,  800,  813,  814,  902, 
927,  936,  949,  1006,  1024,  1138,  1173,  1195,  1198, 
1200, 1206A,  and  1117B. 

450,and26A 

2427-2429,  2431,  2433,  2434,  2436,  2437,  2439-2442, 
2447-2449,  2451-2465,  2467-2479,  2482-2486,  2488, 
2489,  2491,  2493-2500,  2502,  2504-2509,  2511-2513, 
2515-2531,  2533-2540,  2542,  2545-2555,  2557-2564, 
2566-2571,  2573-2575,  2577-2585,  2588-2590,  2592, 
2593,  2595,  2598,  2598,  2599,  2601-2612,  2614-2622, 
262^2633,  2635-2640,  2642-2661,  2663-2665,  2667- 
2672, 2674-2715,  2717-2759,  2761-2769. 

1098-1162 

147A 

1-4, 6-22, 24, 25, 27-36, 38-49, 51-98, 100-261, 263-271, 
273-279, 281-294, 296-307, 309-321, 323-343, 346-373, 
375-380, 383-398, 400, 402-405, 407-410;  5, 23, 26,  . , 
50, 99, 262, 272, 280, 295, 308, 322, 344, 345, 374, 381, 
382,401,and406A. 

69B 

1618;  53,  55,  69,  185,201,218,273,  318,  343,  371,  674, 
1153  and  1215  A. 

1 

747 

828 

6,  8,  Yd,'  ii,'  13,  '15,'  W,  "l8,  '20",* 22-25,'  *2'7-29",  "31,' 34,"  '40', ' 
42,  47,  52,  55-57,  59-65,  68,  70,  75,  76,  79,  83-85. 

81  and  359  A 

104-120,  122-147, 150-182, 184-193, 195-233,  647,  649, 
651,  653-656,  659-661,  663,  664,  666,  669,  674,  675, 
677-^87,  691-697,  699-701,  703-715,  718,  720-722, 
724,  726,  727,  729-732,  736,  738-741,  743-746,  748- 
750,  752,  75^757,  759,  762-770,  772-774,  776,  778, 
780,  781,  784-786,  788,  791,  794-798,  801,  803-806, 
808-811,  815-818,  821-823,  826,  829-831,  834,  835, 
837-846,  848-852,  855-858,  860-864,  866,  867,  870- 
875,  SV,  8'^8,  880-884,  888,  890-892,  894,  898-900, 
904,  906,  907,  909-911,  914,  915,  918,  920-923,  925- 
930,  932,  933,  936,  937,  939,  942-944,  946-948,  951, 
952,  956-962,  964,  966,  96&-975,  978-983,  985-992, 
994,  996,  997-1010, 1012, 1014-1020, 1022-1025, 1028, 
1030,  1032,  1034-1038,  1040,  1042,  1044,  1045,  1048, 
1049,  1051-1055,  1061-1063,  1065,  1067,  1068,  1069, 
1072,  1074-1076,  1078,  1079,  1082-1084,  1088-1090, 
1092-1095,  1097-1102,  1104,  1106-1110,1112,1114- 
1120,  1122-1130,  1133,  1134,  1136,  1137,  1138,  1140, 
1142-1144,  1146-1148,  1150-1155,  1159,  1160,  1163, 
1166-1168,  1170-1175,  1177,  1178,  1180-1184,  1186, 
1188,  1190-1192,  1195-1202,  1204,  1207,  1210,  1212, 
1217-1226,  1228-1234,  1236,  1237,  1239-1248,  1251, 
1253-1260,  1262,  1263,  1266-1269,  1272-1274. 


h.  a.  c. 

951  84  61 


F7,992.8 


6  S2  24 
389  94  31 


55  42  40 

12  45  23 

681  75  35 


2  83  30 
46  20  98 

87  42  00 

55 

24  00 

348  16  20 

5  40  00 
495  50  40 


54.56 
1,806.02 


342.80 

109.24 

4,892.32 


17.68 
379.76 


349.68 


1.44 
2.727.12 


37.84 
2,918.96 


Total. 


3,827  75  79 


27, 810. 6 


J.  R.  Wilson, 
Acting  Director  of  Lands. 
Manila,  P.  I.,  July  1, 1908. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


189 


[Inclosure  No.  43.] 
Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  September  30^  1908, 


Temporary  leases. 

Estate. 

Character  of  the  land. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount  of 
rental  due 
annually. 

Amount 

Town  lots. 

Irrig 

ated  farms. 

Unirrigated  farms. 

collected 

during 

this 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

quarter. 

San  Jose 

h.   a.  c. 

h.   a.  c. 

h.    a.   c. 

P'720. 00 

Isabela      .               

71.14 

San  Francisco  de  Mala- 
bon 

57 

7  95  25 

88 

225  96  97 

26 

120 

3 

44 
10 
27 

109    2  19 
97  91  82 
52  40  40 
266  18  35 
224  63  54 
56  97    7 

90 
120 

3 
39 

6 
25 

r2,122.32 
897.26 
21.92 
693. 12 
461. 88 
251. 20 

10,414.44 

Binagbag 

1,109.32 

Tala                    

648. 79 

Piedad 

8 
4 
5 

1  43  30 

45  88 

1  14  30 

2,100.32 

Muntinlupa 

307. 62 

Malinta 

3,685.09 

Dampol                  

4,450.98 

Guiguinto 

36 
43 
103 

882 
1306 
325 
217 
7 

19 

2 

698 

5  95  43 

3  51  65 

14    6  55 

126  88    1 

105    4    1 

29  60  39 

33  72  89 

39  10 

1  86  97 

76    0 

55  55  47 

67 
122 
373 
196 

47 

484 

1,285 

18 
5 

24 

38 

149  94  53 

214  36  20 

234  47  75 

766  38  30 

257  61    4 

1,201  72  56 

1,402  24  30 

55  97  53 

8    0    0 

42  95  40 

569  71  45 

84 

109 

307 

1,013 

1,270 

507 

665 

18 

31 

20 

790 

1,511.74 

1,319.32 

2,663.68 

17,605.08 

18,082.96 

9,379.68 

8,991.88 

130. 72 

229.24 

331.28 

22,890.72 

1,474.33 

Banilad   . 

11 

225 

800 

412 

53 

50 

11  38  90 
59  62    1 
2,433  58  95 
1, 165  21  82 
159  89  15 
23  70  29 

1,971.85 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

1,929.95 
13,571.18 

Binan 

11,001.51 

Calamba    . 

12, 496. 47 

Lolomboy 

8, 459. 28 

Naic 

3, 472. 34 

Santa  Cruzde  Malabon. 
Santa  Maria  de  Pandi . . 

8 

23  70  45 

2,823.40 
2,111.10 

Santa  Rosa 

373 

1,462  12  90 

14,913.70 

Permanent  leases. 

Character  of  the  land. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Amount 
of  rental 

due 
annually. 

Amount 

collected 

during 

this 
quarter. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

Orion  ..                .... 

2 

h.a.  c. 
44  19 

h.  a.  c. 

7 

h.  a.   c. 
11  31  69 

9 

TIO.  00 

r29.00 

Sale  certificates. 

Character  of  the  land. 

Exe- 
cuted 
since 

last 

re- 
port. 

Agreed 

purchase 

price. 

Amount 
of  install- 
ments 
due 
annually. 

Amount 
collected 
durkig 

this 
quarter. 

Estate. 

Town  lots. 

Irrigated 
farms. 

Unirrigated 
farms. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

No. 

Area. 

Binagbae 

h.  a.  c. 

h.   a.  c. 

n.  a.  c. 

P'78.88 

Dampol 

35.76 

Orion... 

85 

5  85    3 

65 

207    6  47 

46 

142  46  48 

196 

F46,317.89 

r4,027.26 

3, 146. 19 

190 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Report  of  the  administration  of  the  friar  estates  for  the  quarter  ended  September  30, 1908 — 

Continued. 


Estate. 

Total  area 

contracted  for 

during  this 

quarter. 

Total 

amount  due 

annually 

from  all 

contracts 

executed 

during  this 

quarter. 

Total 
amount 
collected 

this 
quarter. 

Remarks. 

San  Jose 

h.   a.  c. 

P720. 00 

71.14 

10,414.44 

1, 188. 20 

648. 79 

2, 100. 32 

307. 62 

3,685.09 

160  tenants  grazing  privileges 

Isabela 

at  20  cents  per  head  per 
month. 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

342  94  41 
97  91  82 
52  40  40 
267  61  65 
224  99  42 
58  11  37 

P2,122.32 
897. 26 
21.92 
693. 12 
461. 88 
251. 20 

Binagbag 

Tala 

Piedad 

Muntinlupa 

Malinta 

San  Marcos 

All  sold. 

Matamo 

All  leased. 

Dampol 

4,486.73 
1,474.33 
1,971.85 
1,929.95 
13,571.18 
11,001.51 
12,496.47 
8,459.28 
3,472.34 
3, 175. 19 
2,823.40 
2,111.10 
14,913.70 

Practically  all  leased  or  sold. 

Guiguinto 

155  89  96 

229  26  75 

308  16  31 

3,326  85  26 

1,527  76  87 

1,391  22  10 

1,459  67  48 

66  36  63 

367  13  86 

33  57  42 

43  71  40 

2, 087  39  82 

1,511.74 

1,319.32 

2,663.68 

17, 605.  08 

18,082.96 

9, 379.  68 

8,991.88 

130.  72 

4, 097. 26 

229.  24 

331.28 

22, 890,  72 

All  leased. 

Banilad 

Talisay-Manglanilla 

Imus 

Binan 

Calamba 

Lolomboy 

Naic 

Orion 

Practically  all  leased  or  sold. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Santa  Rosa 

Total  area  contracted  for  on 
all   estates,   as  abovQ    re- 
ported. 

Grand  total  of  area  brought 
forward  from  last  quarterly 
report. 

12,031    2  93 
36,583  89  02 

91,681.26 
243,354.30 

101,022.63 
606,204.67 

Corrected  amount  as  per  at- 
tached list  of  leases  discon- 
tinued. 

Grand  total  of  area  contracted 
for  to  date  on  all  estates. 

48,614  91  95 

335,035.56 

707, 227.  30 

[Inclosure  No.  44.] 
List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  July,  1908. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental. 

Binagbag 

53  and  168 

h.  a.  c. 

4  35  68 

504  50  12 

1,989  57  09 

r  16. 24 

Calamba 

1223,  1224,  1226,  1227,  1229-1231,  1233,  1235-1242, 
1245-1253,  1255,  1256,  1258-1261,  12tiS,  1265-1269, 
1273-1275,  1277-1282,  1284-1287,  1290-1292,  1294- 
1308,  1310,  1312-1370,  1373-1404,  1408,  1409,  1413- 
1420,  1422-1426,  1429,  1431,  1432,  1434,  1430-1453, 
1455-1468,  1470-1762,  786,  815,  1234,  1257,  1264, 
1271,  1283,  1288,  1289,  1293,  1309,  1311,  1405,  1407. 
1410, 1412, 1421, 1427, 1428, 1430, 1435, 1454A,  and 
1433  B. 

555, 2143, 2144, 2148,  2149, 2150, 2168, 2173, 2177, 2181, 
21S3,  2207,  2213,  2220,  2227,  2230,  2249,  2263,  2269, 
2270,  2278,  2279,  2294,  2301,  2320,  2333,  2343,  2351, 
2353,  2355,  2359,  2384,  2393,  2402,  2415,  2416,  2422, 
2430,  2432,  2435,  2438,  2444,  2445,  2446,  2450,  2466, 
2480,  2481, 2487,  2490,  2492,  2501,  2503,  2514,  2541, 
2543,  2544,  2556,  2505,  2572,  2576,  2586,  2587,  2591, 
2600,  2613,  2623,  2634,  2641,  2662,  2600,  2673,  2716, 
2700,  2770,  2771,  2772,  2773,  2774,  2775,  2776,  2777, 
2778,  2779,  2781,  2782,  2783-2839,  2841-2915,  2917- 
2953,  2955-2989,  2991-3165,  3167-3201,  3203-3205, 
3207-3313,  3315-3346,  3348-3378,  3380-3393,  3395- 
3461, 3463-3622, 3625, 3027, 3631;  202,  358,  441,  444, 
446,  467,  476,  498,  607,  611,  513,  666,  6:33,  722,  755, 
867, 879, 880, 1028, 1051, 1269, 1331, 1639, 1841, 1915, 
2103, 2229, 2367, 2510, 2594,  2840,  2954, 3394A. 

3, 551. 98 

Imus 

4,684.48 

ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  191 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  July,  1908 — Continued. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental. 

Lolomboy 

1163-1305,    1307-1341,    1343-1570,    1572-1574,    1576- 
1731,  1733-1737,  1739-1941,  and  1151,  1306,  1342, 
1571, 1575, 1732, 1738A. 

38A... 

h.  a.  c. 
522  19  10 

5  43  50 

27  71  79 

5  28  55 
2  43  00 
1  44  00 

628  53  77 

r3,361.64 

64.36 
229.52 

33  12 

Naic 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

356, 388, 454, 469,  662,  756, 1101, 1293, 1319, 1333, 1413, 

1414 A,  and  1080B. 
787  and  341,  352A 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

317  and  370 

12.40 

10.08 

4,970.20 

Tala 

127A 

Talisay-Minglanilla 

579,  580,  582,  585-589,  594,  609,  611,  613,  616,  617,  625, 
628,  630,  634,  635,  637,  638,  641,  646,  648,  650,  652, 
657,  658,  662,  667,  668,  670-673,  676,  688-690,  698, 
702,  716,  717,  719,  723,  725,  728,  733-735,  737,  742, 
747,  751,  753,  758,  760,  761,  771,  775,  777,  779,  782, 
783,  787,  789,  790,  792,  793,  799,  800,  802,  807,  812- 
814,  819,  820,  824,  827,  828,  832,  833,  836,  847,  853, 
854,  859,  865,  868,  869,  876,  879,  885-887,  889,  893, 
895-897,  901-903.  905,  908,  912,  913,  916,  917,  919, 
924,  931,  934,  938,  940,  941,  945,  949,  950,  953-955, 
963,  965,  967,  970,  977,  984,  993, 996, 1011, 1013, 1021, 
1026,  1027,  1029,  1031,  1033,  1039,  1041,  1043,  1046, 
1047,  1050,  1056-1060,  1064,  1066,  1070,  1071,  1073, 
1077,  1080,  1081,  1085-1087,  1091,  1096,  1103,  1105, 
nil,  1113,  1121,  1135,  1139,  1141, 1145,  1149,  1156- 
1158,  1161,  1162,  1164,  3169,  1176,  1179,  1185,  1187, 
1189,  1193,  1194,  1203,  1205,  1206,  1208,  1209,  1211, 
1213-1216,  1227,  1235,  1238,  1249,  1250,  1252,  1201, 
1264,  1270,  1275,  1277-1325,  1327,  1330-1346,  1348- 
1380,  1382-1402,  1404-1449,  1451-1492,  1494-1522, 
1524-1570,  1572-1704,  1706-1731,  1733-1735,  1737- 
1859,  1861-1870,  1872-1987,  1989-2035,  2037-2105, 
2107-2194,  2197-2270,  2272-2282,  2284-2290;  6,  42, 
71,  76,  83, 121, 148,  149, 183, 194,  317,  665,  935, 1132, 
1271,  1276,  1347,  1381,  1403,  1450,  1523,  1571,  1705, 
1732,  1736,  1988,  2030 A,  and  1131B. 

Total 

3, 691  46  60 

16,924.02 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  August ,  1908. 


Estate. 


Banilad . 


Binan . 


Imus 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon. 


No.  of  lease. 


738,  742,  747,  11,  12,  25,  42,  47, 50,  53,  58,  65,  68,  84,  92, 
93,  94,  97,  124,  134,  138,  150,  167,  179,  229,  232,  241, 
244,  254,  283,  284,  301,  302,  310,  315,  322,  335,  342, 
367,  406,  407,  413,  419,  427,  428,  431,  445,  459,  467, 
475,  488,  497,  498,  503,  506,  509,  510,  513,  521,  525, 
557,  611,  621,  622,  633,  664,  672,  690,  710,  715,  721, 
722  A  and  285,  348,  549,  559,  672  B. 

129,  131,  133,  135,  136,  137,  140,  141, 145, 148,  149, 154, 
155,  158,  100,  101,  102,  105,  107,  170,  173-178,  180, 
181,  185,  189-191,  193,  194,  196,  199,  200,  202,  206, 
208-211,  213,  215,  216,  217,  220,  221,  225,  226,  229, 
230,  231,  233-236,  238,  242,  247,  248,  250,  253,  255, 
256,  259,  260,  384,  386,  387,  391,  397-402,  404,  405, 
408-414,  416,  419,  426-431,  434,  440,  442,  450,  451, 
459,  402,  465,  468,  469,  471,  474,  476,  482,  484,  488, 
496,  500,  507,  510,  520,  525,  536,  542,  643,  545,  547, 
557,  559,  567,  57D,  573,  579,  620,  627-699,  701-953, 
955-1040,  1042-1057,    1059-1179,    1181-1362,    1364- 

1433,  1435-1594,  1596-1753,  1755-1839,  1841-1883, 
and  14,  80,  102,  116, 134,  143, 156, 169, 184, 186,  241, 
278,  403,  493,  494,  585,  597,  613,  700,  954,  1041,  1363, 

1434,  1595,  1754  A. 

1777  and  I960  A.. 

108  and  886  A '  '. 


Total  area. 


h.    a.  c. 

150  48  00 


46  06 
14  42  40 


Annual 
rental. 


f^l,  206. 


11,652. 


4.40 
130. 24 


192  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  August^  1908 — Continued. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

h,   a.  c. 

2, 258  86  37 

Annual 
rental. 

Santa  Rosa 

157, 159-163, 165-167, 170, 171, 186-188, 194,  197,  200, 
241,244,262,  267,  275,  282,  290,  291,  294,  295,  297, 
298,  311-^16, 321,  322,  325,  326,  333,  336,  340,  343, 
345,  355,  357,  359,  364,  366,  369-371,  373,  374,  376, 
378-383,  385,  387,  388,  391,  394-396,  398,  399,  401- 
403,  416,  417,  419,  421,  425,  428,  432,  434-437,  440, 
450,  452,  453,  458-460,  463,  465,  466,  469,  473,  477- 
479,  481,  625,  627,  636,  640,  553,  617,  620-623,  625, 
629-636,  638-643,  645-647,  649,  650,  653-656,  658, 
661-675,  677,  678,  683,  685-694,  699,  701,  703,  704, 
706-708,   710,   712-714,    716,   719,   721,   723-726, 
728,  730,  732-739,  741,  743-746,  749,  751-753,  755, 
756,  758-767,  769-784,  786-790,  792-805,  807,  808, 
810-822,  824-841,  843-849,  851-872,  874-890,  892- 
951,  953-980,  982-992,  994-1068,  1070-1109,  1111- 
1121,  1123-1135,  1134-1137,  1139-1166,  1168-1180, 
1182-1255,  1257-1295,  1297-1331,  1333-1383,  1385- 
1401, 1403-1408  and  16, 19, 26,  41,  44,  46,  50, 51,  73, 
80,  86,  87,  93,  97,  102,  107,  109,  110,  111,  135,  140, 
152,  155,  172.  173,  175,  208,  243,  249,  331,  332,  338, 
342,  361,  377,  389,  393,  418,  422,  424,  439,  454,  524, 
632,  551,  596,  628,  740,  748,  754,  806,  823,  842,  952, 
981,  1122,1  256, 1332  A. 

F16,015.66 

Total 

3, 651  20  89 

29,008.92 

List  of  leases  canceled  and  discontinued  during  the  month  of  September,  1908. 


Estate. 

No.  of  lease. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rental. 

Baniiad 

55,  103,  131,  197,  359,  370,  408,  472,  612,  643,  663  A, 

and  570  B. 
460,  557,  658,  567,  577,  752,  and  1225  A 

h.  a.  c. 

17  68  36 

38  13  83 

43  20 

52  25  49 

11  55  10 

T85  84 

Calamba 

198  96 

Lolomboy 

712  and  857  A 

4.16 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

1619, 513, 601  1004, 1151, 1326, 1386, 1421, 1502, 1631  A, 

and  308,  309,  315,  357  B. 
162,  260,  373,  397,  482,  799,  and  198,  943, 953, 1158  A. . 

488.88 
95.80 

Total 

120  05  98 

873. 64 

[Inclosure  No.  45.] 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  January  29,  1907. 
Hon.  William  H.  Taft, 

Secretary  of  War,  Washington,  D,  C. 
My  Dear  Mr.  Secretary:  In  accordance  with  your  request,  I  forward  herewith  a 
statement  of  the  progress  made  in  the  sale  and  leasing  of  friar  lands  up  to  October  1, 
1906. 

Since  his  appointment  as  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  Sleeper  has  shown 
himself  to  be  active,  capable,  and  eflScient,  and  in  view  of  the  difficulties  which  have 
been  encountered  I  think  that  the  showing  he  has  made  is  quite  satisfactory. 


Sincerely, 


Dean  C.  Worcester, 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  Philippine  Insular  Government. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


193 


[Inclosure  No>  46.1 

Statement  of  progress  on  friar  estates  to  October  Jf,  1906. 

BUREAU  OF  LANDS. 


Name  of  estate. 

Area  of  estate 
as  purchased. 

Estimated  amount  of 
land  occupied. 

No.  of 

leases 

executed. 

Land  leased 
temporarily. 

Banilad 

h.     a.  c. 

1,925    0    0 

294  75    0 

3,659    0    0 

13,673    0    0 

928  93    0 

945  68  40 

18,243    0    0 

19,891    0    0 

5, 177  49    0 

3,574    0    0 

11  80    0 

2,827    0    0 

7,624    0    0 

916    0    0 

3,860    0    0 

11,449    0    0 

23,266    0    0 

87  42    0 

9,795    0    0 

10,342    0    0 

5,470    0    0 

6,696    0    0 

8,020    0    0 

Hect. 

963 

236 
2,286 
2,051 

929 

851 
6,020 

199 

4,142 

2,502 

12 

424 
3,812 

732 
1,158 
2,862 

Per  cent. 
50.0 
80.0 
67.5 
15.0 

100.0 
90.0 
33.0 
1.0 
80.0 
70.0 

100.0 
15.0 
50.0 
80.0 
30.0 
25.0 

680 
187 

1,745 

1,293 
310 
403 

3,242 
76 

1,783 
938 
1 
379 
971 
399 
383 

1,412 

h.      a.  c. 

701  24  28 

Binagbag 

167  17  28 

Binan 

2,010  59  69 

Calamba 

1  869  80  33 

Dampol 

944  86  77 

Guiguinto 

848  51  90 

Imus 

4,034  18  63 
109  85    0 

Isabela .              .      . 

Lolomboy 

2,047  86  82 
1,534  60    2 

Malinta 

Matamo 

11  80    0 

Muntinlupa 

365  47  24 

Nalc...   . 

2,406  47  57 
732    3    6 

Orion 

Piedad . 

584  47  91 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

2,726  12  65 

San  Jose.                            

San  Marcos 

87 
1,959 
6,205 
3,282 
670 
5,213 

100.0 
20.0 
60.0 
60.0 
10.0 
65.0 

1 

932 

1,811 

1,297 

345 

1,847 

87  42    0 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

1,325  69  49 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

3,648  27  80 

2,718  81  86 

373    5  30 

Santa  Rosa 

Tala. 

Talisay-Minglan 

1,510  37  60 

Total 

158,676    7  40 

46,595 

29.4 

20,425 

30,758  73  10 

Grand  total 

' 

Amount  of  land 
surveyed. 

Total 

contracted 

annual 

rental. 

Adminis- 
tration 
expenses, 
fiscal  year 
1906. 

Collections. 

Name  of  estate. 

Fiscal 
year 
1906. 

Three 

months 

1907. 

Banilad. 

Hect. 

P.ct. 

P-3,891.12 

702. 16 

19, 618. 72 

17,079.70 

4, 224. 96 

5,835.92 

25,927.00 

1, 119. 28 

13,432.20 

8,834.66 

68.00 

997. 42 

24,033.38 

5,060.48 

2,998.68 

18,509.86 

PI,  544. 18 
2,055.19 
9, 424. 77 

13,885.24 
4,312.49 
4,719.84 

26, 684. 17 
9, 615. 02 
9,944.02 
7,136.06 
74.18 
1,020.29 
7,912.45 
1,561.96 
2,955.95 

21,883.83 

5,781.67 

407.98 

7, 205. 90 

8,211.99 

11,297.25 
2,013.58 
7,982.03 

Binagbag 

294 

2,147 

888 

929 

945 

3,593 

14,918 

473 

536 

12 

100.0 

58.7 

6.5 

100.0 

100.0 
19.7 
75.0 
9.1 
15.0 

100.0 

r349. 68 
5,800.00 
6,506.66 
3, 442. 40 
5,307.10 
17,833.98 

F271.30 

Binan 

4,837.10 

2,820.84 

650.28 

Calamba 

Dampol.                

Guiguinto 

518. 98 

Imus 

5,288.60 
897.00 

Isabela 

Lolomboy 

5, 395. 20 

4,317.72 

68.00 

357.09 

9, 162. 14 

2,718.34 

1,552.18 

14,872.43 

970. 00 

349. 68 

4, 943. 56 

4,886,01 

8,501.99 

1,267.14 

3, 141. 66 
1,793.84 

Malinta 

Matamo 

Muntinlupa 

169.85 

Naic...                           

3,828.26 

1,146.84 

499. 32 

Orion 

697 

76.2 

Piedad..                           

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

3,171 
23,266 

87 

27.7 
100.0 
100.0 

1,075.58 
530.00 

San  Jose .     .                          

San  Marcos 

349. 68 
10, 744. 96 
19,491.87 
22,580.24 
2,245.92 
9,761.70 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

2,371.30 
4,840.30 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

506 
1,334 

4.9 
24.4 

Santa  Rosa 

6, 448. 19 

Tala 

338. 20 

Talisay-Minglan 

Total 

53, 795 

33.9 

217,507.97 

173, 240. 08 

98,661,30 

41,467.44 

98,661.30 

Grand  total 

140, 128. 74 

LETTER 

FROM 

THE   SECRETARY   OF  WAR, 

TEANSMITTINQ 

A  REPORT  FROM  THE  GOVERNOR-GENERAL  OF  THE  PHILIPPINE 
ISLANDS  RELATIVE  TO  FRIAR  LANDS. 


June  11,  1910. — Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Insular  Affairs  and  ordered  to  be 

printed. 


War  Department, 

Washington,  June  10,  1910, 

Mr.  Speaker:  In  letter  of  May  5,  1910,  transmitting  information 

received  from  the  governor-general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  by  cable 

in  compliance  with  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of 

April  28,  1910,  calling  for  certain  information  with  reference  to  the 

fubUc  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  the  so-called  '^ friar  lands," 
stated  that  it  should  be  possible  to  submit  the  detailed  report  by  mail 
on  or  about  June  10.  This  report  has  now  been  received,  and  I  beg 
to  transmit  it  herewith. 

Very  respectfully,  J.  M.  Dickinson, 

Secretary  of  War, 

The  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

194 


ADMINISTRATION   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


195 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  or  contracted  to  be  sold  or  leased^ 
by  the  government  oj  the  Philippine  Islands  since  July  1,  1902,  in  tracts  of  more  than 
16  hectares  to  one  person,  or  1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons, 
stating  in  each  case  the  number  of  hectares  sold  or  leased,  or  contracted  to  be  sold  or  leased, 
name  of  purchaser  or  lessee,  and  since  such  purchaser  or  lessee  shall  have  attempted  to 
make  such  purchase  as  agent  or  factor  for  any  other  person,  association,  or  corporation, 
then  the  name  of  such  person,  association,  or  corporation,  if  known;  whether  such  lands 
were  part  of  the  public  domain  of  the  Philippine  Islands  or  friar  lands,  the  price  or 
rental  paid  or  to  be  paid  in  each  case;  also  applications  pending  for  sale  or  lease  of  any 
such  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  in  lots  or  tracts  of  more  than  16  hectares  to  any  in- 
dividual or  1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  individuals. 

FRIAR  LANDS  SALES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON. 


Purntiaser. 


Adriana  Sevillana 

Victoria  Rallos 

Juan  P.  Gordoro 

Anacleto  Reyes 

Jacinto  Ycasiano 

Augustin  Mariano- - 

Policarpio  de  Jesiis- 

Pedro  G.  Gonzales 

Monica  Galvez 

Claro  Castro 

Lazaro  Buktaw , 

Manuel  Casal , 

Conrado  Ayllon , 

Eustaquio  Avendano 

Antonio  Alva 

Gervacio  Alejandrino 

Benigno  Angelo 

Juan  Alano , 

Cayetano  Bernardo 

Pedro  Bernardo , 

Doroteo  Bulaong , 

Pedro  Dimagiba 

Pedro  Figueroa  y  Manalo 

Rosenda  Mendoza , 

Andres  Pascual 

Martina  Rodrigo 

Geronimo  Angeles 

Remigio  Bautista 

Marcelo  Buenaventura 

Arcadio  Constantino 

Patricio  Cuerpo 

Esteban  Daes 

Faustino  Duke 

Raymundo  Duran 

Estanislao  Francisco 

Florencio  Gregorio 

Patricia  Miranda 

Roman  Ramos 

Nemesio  Delfin  Santiago 

Gualberto  Santos 

Pascuala  Serrano 

Tiburcio  Serrano 

Ruflno  D.  Valenzuela 

Joaquina  Lanson 

Vicente  Rodriguez 

Esperanza  Monjon 

Macario  Santos 

F.  J.  Banyea  and  Joseph  Pollacek 

Estanislao  Espeleta 

Bayanan  plantation  syndicate 

E.  L.  Poole  (understood  to  be  agent 
for  Mr.  Welch). 

Francisco  Mendoza 

Leonardo  Alagabre 

Francisca  Almeda 

Petronila  Almodovar 

Francisco  Arambulo 

Florencio  Balllon 

Angel  Bantatua 

Sotero  Battallanes 

Narclso  Batiller 

Doroteo  Carteclano 

Gregorio  Carteciano 


Estate. 


Banilad 

do 

do 

Dampol 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Guiguinto... 

dd 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Malinta 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Orion 

do 

do 

-...do 

Muntinlupa. 

....do 

....do 

San  Jos6 


San  Marcos . 
Santa  Rosa. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 


Num- 

ber of 

Total  area. 

Sale  value. 

parcels. 

11.    A. 

0. 

2 

19  14 

25 

PI,  184. 58 

6 

25  69 

V3 

1,509.84 

11 

18  03 

38 

25,995.91 

2 

39  89 

87 

6,633.97 

1 

26  25 

31 

4,869.13 

2 

39  35 

34 

6, 904. 26 

3 

20  93 

08 

3,679.22 

3 

59  14 

34 

10, 999.  41 

2 

03  34 

98 

11, 764.  09 

5 

24  79 

66 

4,818.11 

1 

43  67 

04 

7,644.14 

1 

127  87 

35 

24,372.71 

4 

44  76 

21 

8,114.78 

5 

65  37 

20 

12,306.07 

j 

20  44 

01 

3,577.86 

1 

37  93 

13 

7,001.00 

1 

38  83 

34 

6,798.00 

5 

26  90 

39 

5,015.44 

9 

27  04 

00 

5,803.38 

12 

19  44 

15 

4,038.00 

2 

17  37 

55 

3,583.88 

12 

19  69 

63 

3, 877.  00 

8 

17  30 

58 

3, 194. 98 

2 

53  92 

66 

10, 163. 04 

2 

19  05 

31 

3,621.99 

7 

29  71 

20 

6,037.91 

3 

16  37 

27 

2, 270. 18 

2 

29  54 

94 

2,967.64 

6 

41  13 

77 

5, 784. 12 

3 

31  34 

85 

7,445.32 

8 

30  15 

25 

6,295.64 

5 

46  52 

69 

9,926.26 

8 

25  36 

18 

5,068.18 

3 

16  72 

85 

2,800.72 

2 

17  20 

60 

1,360.72 

7 

16  68 

92 

2, 156. 96 

8 

37  14 

89 

13, 136. 20 

2 

19  81 

61 

2, 795. 12 

7 

49  11 

12 

9,266.42 

2 

18  39 

22 

2,527.16 

4 

39  08 

29 

6,748.38 

10 

22  87 

59 

3, 937. 76 

7 

21  26 

69 

3,875.00 

1 

19  20 

61 

3,078.93 

1 

22  94 

12 

3, 493. 82 

5 

21  97 

22 

2,753.72 

1 

74  63 

75 

1,244.37 

3 

308  28 

m 

10, 740.  32 

19 

42  40 

18 

2,953.40 

1 

123  00 

16 

4, 133. 00 

2 

22,484  81 

50 

734,000.00 

1 

87  32 

89 

14,839.50 

7 

23  47 

91 

5,988.76 

17 

72  86 

82 

15, 968. 09 

8 

15  47 

97 

3,653.52 

20 

20  31 

37 

6,572.52 

7 

24  50 

68 

6, 189. 72 

6 

33  90 

60 

7,574.40 

1 

24  14 

52 

4,702.44 

6 

66  41 

74 

13,126.80 

4 

60  32 

40 

9, 794. 32 

8 

36  04 

25 

8,907.80 

196 


ADMINISTRATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  SALES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 
'     PERSON— Continued. 


Purchaser. 


Estate. 


Num- 

i 

ber  of 

Total  area. 

Sale  value. 

parcels. 

E.   A. 

C. 

7 

17    39 

87 

^4,232.88 

7 

35    86 

62 

8,530.76 

6 

18    88 

74 

4,475.80 

14 

47     15 

36 

11,995.80 

7 

18    62 

37 

4,621.24 

9 

20    97 

14 

5,070.84 

9 

22    54 

82 

5,762.64 

10 

36    18 

79 

8,510,36 

7 

24    31 

11 

6,424.20 

1 

19    47 

51 

3,732.00 

9 

22    12 

86 

5,248.36 

4 

66    59 

87 

12, 774. 64 

14 

29    02 

76 

7,726.32 

9 

46    51 

58 

10,010.32 

2 

121    20 

51 

23,542.62 

3 

34    71 

97 

7, 376. 16 

12 

32    03 

36 

8, 180. 36 

5 

16    02 

00 

369. 40 

47 

120    90 

00 

29, 929. 78 

18 

51    96 

49 

11,849.68 

Petrona  Gomez 

Antonio  Gonzales 

Francisco  Gonzales 

Ursula  de  Guzman 

Teodorico  Layon 

Marcelo  Leyco 

Antonio  Lljauco 

Emilio  Lijauco 

Teodora  Lijauco 

Nicolas  Limcaoco 

Maria  Manguerra 

Z.K.Miller 

Tumas  Nepomoceno . . 

Pablo  Perlas 

Pedro  Perlas 

Viturina  de  los  Reyes . 

DelflnVallejo 

Ponciano  Vallejo 

Andres  Zavalla 

Angel  Zavalla 


Santa  Rosa . 

.....do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 


Total. — Eighty-two  persons  have  purchased  more  than  16  hectares  each  of  friar 
lands  since  July  1, 1902 — 78  Filipinos  and  4  Americans.  No  corporation  has  purchased 
more  than  1,024  hectares.  No  person  is  known  to  have  purchased  any  friar  lands  aa 
agent  or  factor  for  any  other  person.  It  is  said  that  Mr.  Edward  L.  Poole,  who  pur- 
chased the  San  Jos6  estate,  Mindoro,  represents  Mr.  Welch,  but  purchase  was  made 
in  his  own  name. 

Forty-three  of  above  purchasers  have  one  single  tract  exceeding  16  hectares;  3  have 
two  single  tracts  exceeding  16  hectares  each;  and  1  has  three  single  tracts  exceeding 
16  hectares  each. 

No  person  is  known  to  have  purchased  any  friar  lands  as  agent  or  factor  for  any  cor- 
poration or  association  of  persons. 

All  the  above  sales  have  been  made  at  prices  and  on  terms  as  provided  in  acts  Nos. 
1120,  1847,  and  1933. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE   JULY  1,   1902,    OF  MORE  THAN  16   HECTARES    TO  ONE 

PERSON. 


Baseon,  Mauricio . . . . 

Coverly,  W.  G 

Denzon,  Filomena. . . 

Gabod,  Rafaela 

Knowles,  J.  F 

Lamb,  Robert  N 

Llorente,  Martin 

Osmefia,  Tomas 

Pulbejre,  Maria 

Sanson,  Miguel 

Teves,  Vicente 

Valle,  Matlas 

Vafio,  Jaime 

Almeda,  Francisca . . . 
Bayabo,  Eleuterlo. . . 
Beiisario,  Faustino. . . 

Carifio,  Pedro  T 

Casano,  Isidore 

Crisologo,  Manuela . . . 
Dlmaraanan,  Felipa. 
Ferguson,  Frank  J. . . 

Gana,  Cirlaco 

Gana,  Filomena  O . . . 
Gana,  Maria  A 


Estate. 


Sanllad. 

do.., 

do.., 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

.....do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

Bifian... 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels. 

Total 

area. 

Annual 
rent. 

H. 

A. 

C. 

2 

16 

12 

87 

r4.00 

16 

37 

44 

82 

41.00 

8 

18 

88 

61 

38.00 

5 

18 

69 

11 

10.00 

3 

23 

57 

09 

49.00 

39 

86 

80 

81 

55.00 

1 

48 

35 

27 

131.00 

2 

39 

27 

07 

96.00 

2 

28 

65 

67 

43.00 

4 

21 

19 

57 

54.00 

2 

20 

78 

52 

53.00 

4 

19 

81 

76 

31.00 

2 

28 

08 

26 

70.00 

6 

17 

20 

63 

215. 00 

5 

19 

14 

40 

199.  00 

5 

16 

00 

72 

154.00 

18 

21 

09 

72 

175. 00 

6 

16 

60 

55 

203.00 

10 

18 

15 

30 

247. 00 

5 

16 

41 

60 

204.00 

13 

141 

97 

00 

668.  00 

5 

32 

85 

50 

248.00 

4 

35 

40 

60 

283.00 

6 

35 

04 

60 

420.00 

ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 
Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased^  etc. — Continued. 


197 


FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON— Continued. 


Estate. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels. 


Total  area. 


Annual 
rent. 


Jaojoco,  Justinlano 

Ocampo,  Isabel 

Padua,  Catallna 

Paz,  Josefa  de  la 

Quintos,  Engracio 

Rizal  y  Mercado,  Felipa 

Silva,  Pastor  de 

Silva,  Zacarias  de 

Thayer,  A.  F.  (special) 

Velasco,  Lazaro 

Yaptinchay,  Maria 

Yaptinchay,  Pablo 

Yatco,  Jose 

Yatco,  Leoncio 

Zarraga,  Francisco 

Zavalla,  Angel 

Alcala,  Modesto 

Alcala,  Eustaquia 

Alviar,  Mamerta 

ArambulO;  Esteban 

Banatin,  Isidoro 

Banaybanay,  Juan 

Belarmino,  Felipe 

Cailles,  Isidoro 

Flores,  Manuel 

Garcia,  Lorenzo 

Henry,  James  A 

Hidalgo,  Paulino 

Johnson,  Daniel  B 

Laureola,  Vicente 

Llamas,  Nicolas. 

Prieto,  M 

Pabalan,  Procopio 

Rohrer,  L.  T 

Salgado,  Arcadio 

Salgado,  Matias 

Santos,  Ramon 

Shelledy,  A.M 

Thompson,  W.  E 

Tuason,  Aniceta 

Vicente,  Florencio 

Thayer,  A.  F.  (special) 

Alba,  Gaspar 

Saracho,  Gavina 

Zobel,  Petrona 

Acuna,  Anastacia 

Acuna,  Gregorio 

Aguinaldo,  Emilio  (special) 

Alarcon,  Maximino 

Alcantara,  Simon 

Alcantara,  Soledad 

Aledia,  Felipe 

Angeles,  Higino  M 

Antonio,  Primo 

Antonio,  Rufino 

Bautista,  Felix 

Bautista,  Gavina 

Bautista,  Gregorio 

Bautista,  Matias 

Bautista,  Roman 

Campaiia,  Ambrocio 

Campana,  Eugenia 

Campana,  Rafaela 

Campos,  Placido 

Crudo,  Cecilio 

Dominguez,  Mariano 

Domingues  y  Manago,  Mariano., 

Encamacion,  Crisanta 

Espiritu,  Monico 

Evangelista,  Federico 

Fauni,  Gavino 

Garcia,  Jos6 

Geda,  Mamerto 

Geronimo,  Placida 

Hano,  Bemedicto 

llano,  Felipa 


Bifian  ... 

do... 

do... 

.-..do.... 
--..do.... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

....do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

Calamba. 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

-...do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do.... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

....do... 

do... 

Dampol.. 

do 

do... 

Imus 

do... 

do... 

.....do.-. 

do... 

do..., 

do.... 

do.... 

do... 

do.... 

do.... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do... 

do,.. 


12 

12 
7 
6 
4 
5 

15 

9 

.  15 

11 

15 
8 

12 

12 

20 
5 
7 
7 
4 

16 
4 
4 
4 
9 

12 
3 
4 
3 
4 
5 
9 

33 

12 
1 

12 
6 
6 
5 
3 
7 

10 
124 
2 
5 
3 
3 
7 
5 
6 
4 
8 
3 
2 
4 
2 
5 
7 

12 
9 
6 
7 
2 
2 

19 
4 

14 
4 

11 
5 
1 

10 
4 
2 
5 
9 
i 


H. 

36 
31 
31 
19 
17 
20 
41 
17 

614 
19 
47 
30 
52 
43 
47 
92 
17 
28 
18 
37 
25 
17 
22 
31 
25 
40 
38 
16 
64 
17 
32 

197 
26 
67 
48 
47 
17 
35 
34 
17 
37 
3,287 
63 
38 
71 
22 
44 
1,055 
19 
25 
25 
24 
31 
62 
17 
62 
24 
47 
24 
16 
20 
16 
19 

111 
21 
35 
81 
38 
19 
49 
16 
17 
30 
17 
26 
16 


A.  a 

49  79 

15  40 

57  02 
96  90 

53  97 
82  80 
62  49 
80  60 

34  32 
44  76 
13  61 

15  54 
36  97 

75  36 
96  19 
32  20 
48  30 
84  82 

27  80 

58  70 

43  54 

41  74 

39  30 
07  93 
67  80 
36  64 

42  80 
46  SO 

61  60 
73  90 
07  50 

16  17 

02  36 
64  00 

62  92 
98  16 

36  28 
00  00 
00  00 

76  65 
61  87 
67  56 
16  65 

95  87 

54  55 
82  31 
23  99 
82  32 
73  88 

59  76 

19  77 

20  95 

03  75 
57  60 
52  61 
00  33 

40  94 
06  12 
94  65 
26  57 
19  11 

28  12 
51  42 
09  30 
12  19 
39  35 

35  85 

96  13 
56  15 
42  50 
88  81 
78  14 

44  63 
91  58 

37  14 
03  44 


r 447. 00 
350.00 
327.00 
214.00 
213.00 
273.00 
415.00 
211.00 
1,476.00 
226.00 
694.00 
373.00 
641.00 
547.00 
542.00 
739,00 
156.00 
304.00 
158.00 
350.00 
167.00 
132.00 
184.00 
259.00 
256.00 
242.00 
232.00 
138.00 
406.00 
207.00 
347.00 
1,245.00 
219.00 
346.00 
419.00 
398.00 
201.00 
216.00 
204.00 
195.00 
300.00 
3,945.00 
669.00 
309.00 
638.00 
156.00 
401.00 
468.00 
204.00 

87.00 
237.00 

83.00 

42.00 
134.00 

57.00 
148.00 
253.00 
38L00 
229.00 
159.00 
127.00 

70.00 
160.00 
36L00 
184.00 
360.00 
168.00 
407.00 
124.00 

99.00 
161.00 
153.00 

64.00 
143.00 
282.00 
147.00 


198 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Beport  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MOKE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO^  ONE 

PERSON-Continued. 


Lessee. 


Hano,  Isldra 

Jes6s,  Lorenzo  de 

Lacson,  Tiburcio 

Leon,  Gervacio  de 

Malicsi,  Apolonia 

Mallari,  B14s..- 

Mangubat,  Doroteo 

Mangubat,  Isidro 

Manalac,  Mariano 

Mendoza,  Gregorio 

Mendoza,  Paulino 

Monzon,  Dominiano 

Olaez^  J.  F.,  and  Mendoza,  G  . 

Osteria,  Domingo 

Pacifico,  Luis 

Pauganiba,  Emilia 

Paredes,  Doroteo 

Paredes,  Epifanio 

Paredes,  Felix  B 

Paredes,  Mariano 

Quilao,  Pedro 

Reyes,  Andres 

Reyes,  Francisca 

Rosario,  Hilaria  del 

Rosario,  Juan  del 

Rosario,  Maria  del 

Sabali,  Luisa 

Sabater,  Joaquina 

Sabater,  Julia 

Sabater,  Tomas 

Sagenes,  Lorenza 

Salasbar,  Justo 

Samson,  Francisco 

Santos,  Catalina 

Sapinoso,  Sixto 

Saprid,  Bartolorae 

Sayoto,  Basiiia 

Sayoto,  Juan. 

Siapuatco,  Andres 

Tirona,  Guillermo 

Tirona,  Leocadia 

Tirona,  Stmona 

Topacio,  Adelaida 

Topaeio,  Eladio 

Topacio,  Rugenio 

Topacio,  Felipe 

Topacio,  Potenciana 

Topacio,  Teodorica 

Torres,  Ladislao 

Villanueva,  Estanislao 

E.  B.  Bruce  (special) 

Arcega,  Anastacio 

Arcega,  Ciriaco 

Avancefia,  Mariano 

Bernardino,  Juan 

Carmen,  Teofilo  del 

Concepclon,  Pedro 

Cruz,  Diego  de  la 

Cruz,  Dlonisio  de  la 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Cruz,  Valeriano  de  la 

Diaz,  Eulalio 

Dilag,  Juana 

Dilag,  Justina 

Fabian,  Juan 

Flores,  Apolonia 

Francisca,  Ana 

Hipollto,  Jos4t 

Jesiis,  Juande 

Luciano,  Alejandro. 

Lucio,  Juan 

Luis,  Jos6  S 

Luis,  Uldarlco  San 

Mateo,  Pascual 

Mendoza,  Fabian 

Mendoza,  Guillermo 

Mendoza,  Satumina 


Estate, 


Imus 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

.....do 

do 

do..... 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

.....do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Isabela 

Lolomboy. 

do 

do 

do 

do 


.do. 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
-do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels. 


Total  area. 


//. 

62 
24 
16 
30 
32 
24 
26 
40 
24 
17 
23 
26 
20 
70 
24 
21 
21 
49 
17 
21 
35 
77 
24 
17 
52 
20 
23 
20 
23 
23 
18 
47 
18 
17 
34 
20 
43 
35 
22 
23 
18 
16 
16 
112 
118 
17 
16 
28 
21 
20 
19, 448 
17 
22 
20 
19 
20 
44 
16 
22 
23 
26 
19 
37 
18 
16 
49 
23 
20 
18 
21 
19 
19 
17 
53 
16 
30 
18 


25  96 
00  92 
06  40 
19  37 

57  35 
41  37 
29  94 
13  00 

78  75 

58  64 

89  38 
47  30 
00  00 
96  56 

90  56 
62  75 
52  19 
44  63 

47  87 

31  44 

48  92 

99  m 

52  28 

50  57 

43  31 
57  76 
38  57 
00  65 

44  69 

57  50 
71  56 

17  88 
68  71 
65  32 

58  38 

32  73 
76  02 

91  69 
83  25 

45  56 

33  13 

48  13 
82  50 
06  27 
22  79 

49  82 
00  82 

79  89 
33  74 

18  14 
35  44 
73  40 
16  93 
88  50 
85  60 

29  79 

30  79 
81  24 
85  40 

68  06 
32  00 
29  69 

59  69 
13  31 

27  10 
15  30 

55  20 

28  20 

69  61 
62  63 

56  75 
08  09 
13  40 
48  67 
10  80 

26  98 
02  89 


Annual 
rent. 


F574. 00 

119. 00 

114. 00 

130. 00 

114.00 

227.00 

98.00 

83.00 

25.00 

116.  00 

82.00 

78.00 

20.00 

607.00 

212.  00 

186. 00 

200. 00 

422.00 

189. 00 

128. 00 

307.00 

278. 00 

234.00 

170. 00 

525.  00 

180.00 

188. 00 

160. 00 

205. 00 

173.  00 

152.  00 

188.00 

62.00 

183.  00 

211.00 

222. 00 

92.00 

74.00 

124.00 

311.00 

60.00 

159.00 

34.00 

698.00 

125.00 

179.00 

142. 00 

299. 00 

175. 00 

205. 00 

200.00 

77.96 

65.08 

66.00 

6.50 

123. 70 

103.07 

49.52 

101.46 

87.16 

101.  48 

3().  82 

173.  62 

84.64 

116.96 

160.  78 

42. 68 

137.  80 

102. 11 

72.38 

98.00 

84.70 

74.12 

259. 24 

67.92 

360. 36 

80.80 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


199 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONB 

PERSON— Continued. 


Lessee. 

Estate. 

Num- 
ber of 
parcels. 

Total  area. 

Annual 
rent. 

Miguel,  Cipriano  de  San 

Lolomboy 

9 

9 

15 
11 
10 
2 
17 
17 
8 
6 
5 
12 
8 
5 
1 
5 
1 
3 
8 
2 
7 

23 
10 
7 
15 
5 
7 
5 

1 

6 
3 
1 
6 
2 

15 
8 

11 
1 

18 

1 

8 

i 

6 
9 

5 
8 
8 
2 
10 
6 

] 

6 
3 
1 
1 
5 
6 
13 
20 
5 
5 
2 
5 
10 
4 
4 
7 
6 
3 

H.  A.  a 

19  72    40 
16    45    20 
16    85    11 

20  76    96 
25    32    90 

28  31    20 
32    20    39 
32    37    37 

16  97    96 
19    12    00 

17  60    00 

21  50    62 
16    63    28 
71    60    57 

16  53    67 
60    93    97 

30  00    00 
79    32    34 

17  51    89 

16  30    44 
19    97    40 

136    83    53 

45  26    41 

29  73    29 
47    19    09 

17  25    34 
32    48    84 
34    50    63 

17  92    13 

28  71    84 

22  38    33 

19  57    24 
200    00    00 

42    25    26 

18  63    00 

31  47    71 
64    08    57 

30  98    83 
226    19    26 

50    29    92 
63    22    65 
17    55    20 

19  14    40 

53  20    74 

17  12    30 
133    09    72 

31  93    46 

46  43    47 
25    63    01 

54  49    21 

20  19    81 

18  50    34 
59    07    66 
79    69    84 

21  26    92 
67    05    96 

118    78    00 
27    88    81 

29  53    94 

16  82    43 

17  12    00 
21    90    20 

16  43    37 

21  15    50 
58    90    91 

30  36    21 

20  05    04 

22  13    20 

17  66    80 

16  70    20 

23  80    23 

17  06    00 
30    40    50 
30    67    51 
29    57    45 

32  37    20 

P83  96 

Nicolas,  Rosendo 

do 

66  74 

Nicolas,  Tito 

do 

86  68 

Pablo,  Jos6  San 

.do 

129  98 

Porciuncula,  Modesto 

do 

87*  12 

Ramos,  Cadido 

...  .do 

82  64 

Reyes,  Enrique  de  los 

do 

128  88 

Santiago,  Jos^ 

do 

156.24 
71  49 

Sebastian,  Manuel 

.  .do 

Serapio,  Dionisia  J 

do 

90.56 

65  82 

Serapio,  Jos6  J 

...do.  . 

Villanueva,  Manuel 

do 

177  62 

Ygnacio,  Raymundo 

.  ...do 

84  40 

Alejo,  Braulio 

Naic 

191  00 

Arcena,  Santiago 

do 

33  00 

Arenas,  Caya 

do 

466  00 

Arenas,  Flora 

do 

60  00 

Beelar,  Charles 

.  ...do 

214  00 

Benedicto,  Cipriano 

do 

104  00 

Bergado,  Marcelino 

do     .- 

68  00 

Buenviaje,  Eustaquia 

do 

120  00 

Bustamente,  Cristobal 

do  .  .. 

825  00 

Catibayan,  Santiago 

do 

293  00 

Cayas,  Julio 

do 

267  00 

Cena,  Bias 

do 

583. 00 
208  00 

Cena,  Lorenzo 

do 

David,  Isabel 

do 

383  00 

Echenique,  Baldomera 

do 

420  00 

Garcia,  Miguel 

do..    . 

50  00 

Jinahon,  Honoria 

do 

363.00 
232  00 

Joco,  Vicente 

do 

Lagac,  Abdon 

-.  .do 

88  00 

Legaspi,  Julian 

do 

400  00 

Montoya,  Romdn 

do 

283  00 

Nazareno,  Gabriel 

...  do 

52  00 

Nazareno,  Jose 

do 

360  00 

Nazareno,  Marcial 

-.    do 

31')    QQ 

Nazareno,  Simeon 

do 

351  00 

Oleson  and  Willoamson 

do 

452  00 

Paman,  Gregorio .; 

do.  .  .  . 

229  00 

Papa,  Catalina 

do 

709  00 

Papa,  Maria 

do 

217  00 

Perea,  Balasia 

.do 

113  00 

Pilpil,  Norberto 

do.      .    . 

216  00 

Poblete,  Antonina 

do 

198  00 

Poblete,  Consolaci6n 

do    ...    . 

631  00 

Poblete,  Matias  ...    . 

do 

165. 00 
308  00 

Poblete,  Pio 

do 

Poblete,  Ramon 

do 

266  00 

Rebollo,  Pelagia 

do 

305  00 

Konquillo,  Justo 

do 

137  00 

Sismaet,  Prudencia 

do 

180  00 

Tanega,  Honorata 

do 

331  00 

Upham,  H.  G 

do 

160.00 
250  00 

V^Eisquez,  Marcial 

do 

Velazco,  Sixto 

do ;:. .  . 

278. 00 
238  00 

Villafrancia,  Policarpio 

do 

Yncoy,  Vicente 

do 

158  00 

Yuvienco,  Guillermo 

do _. 

174  00 

Aguinaldo,  Dionisio 

Pandi 

do 

79  00 

Ana,  Sinforoso  Santa 

68  00 

Avendano,  Eustaquio 

..  ..do  

131  00 

Avendano  Venancio 

do 

100  00 

Bernardo,  Leoncio 

.  ..do  .... 

80  00 

Bernardo,  Mariano 

do 

337  00 

Buenaventura,  Maria  San 

do 

236. 00 

Buenaventura,  Pedro  San 

do .  - 

97  00 

Bulaon,  Bernardino. . 

.do. 

121  00 

Cartilla,  Jos6 

do 

106  00 

Cruz,  Faustino  de  la 

.do.  .  . 

70  00 

Cruz,  Nemesio  G 

do 

115  00 

Cruz,  Raimundo  de  la..          .  . 

.     .do 

103  00 

Cruz,  Rufino  de  la 

do 

150.00 

Cruz,  Severa  de  la 

.     .do 

198  00 

Correa,  Francisca 

do 

179.00 

Domingo,  Atanasio 

do 

167.00 

200 


ADMIKISTEATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased ,  etc, — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON— Continued. 


Estate. 


Num- 

ber of 
parcels. 

Total 

area. 

H. 

A.   a 

6 

17 

63  20 

4 

18 

66  91 

6 

29 

09  02 

5 

17 

93  24 

14 

17 

22  40 

3 

24 

09  63 

2 

23 

40  20 

2 

16 

99  19 

12 

20 

56  65 

8 

17 

31  21 

11 

55 

78  00 

4 

16 

37  67 

6 

20 

32  87 

6 

26 

96  68 

7 

21 

89  83 

4 

19 

28  36 

6 

28 

69  23 

6 

22 

03  02 

10 

18 

81  39 

3 

19 

63  60 

6 

22 

06  61 

7 

29 

01  29 

7 

31 

66  53 

4 

17 

85  14 

3 

18 

60  60 

3 

16 

81  20 

4 

18 

55  40 

2 

16 

69  99 

9 

33 

03  62 

11 

18 

44  85 

10 

18 

44  55 

12 

21 

76  75 

10 

22 

79  86 

10 

27 

29  16 

7 

16 

05  18 

7 

19 

14  69 

8 

28 

44  20 

3 

16 

75  16 

10 

27 

72  62 

6 

16 

44  82 

9 

16 

66  26 

11 

21 

56  47 

7 

24 

73  96 

4 

20 

42  68 

3 

22 

45  36 

8 

18 

10  60 

14 

37 

06  54 

9 

16 

32  98 

17 

16 

97  05 

4 

22 

68  45 

8 

25 

29  88 

8 

18 

30  22 

3 

18 

74  15 

3 

20 

15  86 

4 

17 

30  80 

12 

18 

08  18 

11 

22 

43  68 

9 

47 

02  20 

8 

23 

72  60 

6 

26 

76  50 

6 

19 

11  00 

4 

99 

92  00 

5 

37 

65  80 

2 

21 

25  20 

4 

17 

03  80 

3 

31 

69  70 

7 

24 

85  00 

2 

22 

27  40 

1 

61 

98  80 

1 

16 

42  00 

6 

148 

08  20 

2 

24 

29  20 

2 

61 

02  00 

22 

679 

79  01 

2 

26 

26  30 

1 

20 

63  20 

Annual 
rent. 


Domingo,  Pablo 

Estrella,  Apolinario 

Estrella,  Luis 

Fabian,  Juan 

Fernandez,  Maximo 

Garcia,  Jos6. 

Garcia,  Paula 

Garcia,  Petrona 

Geraldez,  Pio 

Germar,  Feliciano 

Germar  Cruz,  Josefa 

Gloria,  Pascuala. 

Gumatay ,  Paula 

Guzman,  Cornelio  de 

Guzman,  Simeon  de 

Halili,  Saturnino 

Jacinto,  Felix 

Jesus,  Manuela  de 

Jestis  Serapio,  Mariano  de . 

Joaquico,  Maximo 

Jos6,  Crispino  S 

Juan,  Martin 

Libiran,  Eulalia 

Marcos,  Carlos 

Marquez,  Eugenio 

Marquez,  Faustino 

Marquez,  Gregorio 

Marquez,  Jos6 

Marquez,  Manuel 

Mendoza,  Juan 

Mendoza,  Mariano 

Monsayac,  Francisca 

Perez,  Francisco 

Perez,  Gregorio 

Perez,  Jos6 

Perez,  Enriquez  Maria 

Ramos,  Calixto 

Resurreccion,  Leoncio 

Reyes,  Anselmo 

Reyes,  Francisco 

Reyes,  Gabriela  de  los 

Reyes ,  Prudencio 

Rialosa,  Maria , 

Robies.  Catalina , 

Roco,  Agapita 

Rodriguez,  Agapita 

Rosario,  Damaso  del 

Salazar,  Simeona , 

Santiago,  Dalmacio , 

Santiago,  Eduardo , 

Santiago,  Petronilo 

Santos,  Andrea  de  los 

Santos.  Guillermo , 

Sebastian,  Gabriela 

Sison,  Florentino 

Vera,  Pedro  de 

Vera,  Severo  de 

ViUarma,  Nieves 

Villarama ,  Vicente , 

Ygnacio,  Felipe  G 

Zuniga,  Ciriaco 

Alberto,  Modesto 

Bartolome,  Antonino 

Cagahastia,  Ignacio 

Csuderon,  Silvino , 

Carlos,  Fausto 

Carreon,  Teodoro 

CeeUio,  Cirila 

Clemefia,  Nemesio , 

Cleofas,  Isidro 

Cris<5stomo,  Mariano , 

Cruz,  Policarpo , 

Dagala,  Bernardo 

Dancel.A.    (Special) 

Diego,  Benedicto  San 

Di]aaianta«  Telesibro 


Pandl.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do-. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

,....do.. 
.....do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

....do.. 

do.. 

....do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

-...do.. 

do.. 

....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
...-do-. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do., 
.-..do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.- 
....do.. 
-...do.. 
....do.. 
Piedad. 
....do., 
-...do.. 
....do.. 
,...do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.- 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 


ADMINISTKATION-    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


201 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  ete.— Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON— Continued. 


Lessee. 


Dumipa,  Gregorio 

Francia,  Cipriano 

Francisco,  Brigido 

Francisco,  Gregorio. . . 

Guda,  Manuel  de 

Labodajon,  Bernab6. . 

Lazaro,  Petrona 

Ong,  Claro 

Punsalan,  Sinforosa. . . 

Ragundias,  Mateo 

Ramirez,  Mauricio 

Ramirez,  Romauldo. . 

Ramoy,  Matias 

Salazar,  Francisco 

Sanchez,  Emilio 

Sarmiento,  Geronima. 

Susano,  Tomas  A 

Teotico,  Pelagic 

Trinidad,  Jacoba 

Victorio,  Ramon 

Abad,  Esteban 

Area,  Aquilino 

Area,  Hugo  C 

Area,  Petrona 

Arcega,  Florencia 

Arcusa,  Paula 

Arena!,  Aquilino 

Arive,  Jacinta. 


Bocalan,  Eladio 

Bocalan,  Eusebia 

Cenizal,  Camila 

Cenizal,  Dorotea 

Estacion,  Silvestre 

Estacion,  Tomas 

Fojas,  Agapito 

Fojas,  Anastacio 

Fojas,  Isidro 

Guason,  Magdalena 

Jiminez,  Leoncio 

Manson,  Whlttaker,  and  Sanderson. 

Montano,  Eulalio 

Montano,  Pedro  T 

Prudente,  Amado 

Pulido,  Eustaqula 

Rosario,  Hermenegildo  del 

Rosario,  Victorian©  del 

Soils,  Macario 

Soils,  Valentin 

Soriano,  Leoncio 

Sosa,  Aurea 

Sosa,  Feliciano 

Torres,  Lorenzo 

Valencia,  Francisco 

Virata,  Antonio 

Bocalan,  Teodora 

Abueg,  Isidro 

Abutin,  Macaria 

Arnaido,  Asuncion 

Arnaldo,  Catalino 

Amaldo,  Estanislao 

Arnaldo,  Mamerta 

Arnaldo,  Ponciano 

Asistores,  Macario 

Abancefia,  Cirilo 

Brosas,  Antonio 

Clamor,  Simplicia 

Calorina,  Bonifacio 

Colmenar,  Domingo 

Colmenar,  Gregoria 

Colmenar,  Sgundo 

Cord  Cruz,  Josefa  M 

Crisostomo,  Valeriano 

Deseo,  Mariano 

Ferrer,  Luis 

Franco,  Romana 

Gaerlan,  Abraham 


Estate. 


Piedad  . 

do.. 

do.. 

....do.. 

do.. 

....do., 
-...do.. 

do.. 

....do.. 
....do., 
-...do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 
....do.. 

.do. 

.do. 

.do. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels. 


Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon. 
do... 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
-do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon  . 
.do 


.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
-do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 
.do. 


Total  area. 


H.  A.  a 

24  36  90 

25  00  00 
22  43  70 
16  04  00 
20  73  50 
16  93  00 
28  m  80 

126  97  60 

33  46  00 

16  82  60 
19  66  90 
22  83  00 
19  39  70 

17  98  00 
53  50 


40  67 

24  61  10 

24  94  00 

17  52  60 
46  99  20 
19  72  39 
23  m  66 
19  67  05 

18  64 
27  33 


22  62  21 


33  38 
19  67  03 
85  42  12 

19  02  95 
27  30  30 
24  25  45 

24  64  62 
38  65  81 
59  48  60 
32  57  59 

31  45  42 
16  55  37 

25  52  29 
237  51  60 

20  99  86 
22  76  80 

16  43  37 

34  79  99 
24  00  15 

17  93  20 
20  49  88 

17  58  20 

22  75  93 

32  02  29 
20  78  69 
27  74  40 

34  81  60 

42  70  40 
24  03  01 
20  22  70 

23  25  60 

18  13  75 
87  50  35 

43  41  05 

41  54  58 
30  97  80 

17  96  75 
23  65  50 

35  56  85 

19  75  18 

18  26  66 
68  64  61 

19  57  95 
72  59  75 
34  19  90 
19  43  00 
54  46  26 

136  97  12 

42  96  55 
27  73  44 


Annual 
rent. 


82278''— H.  Bept.  2289, 61-3 11 


202 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  01^  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON— Continued. 


Estate. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels, 


Total  area. 


Annual 
rent. 


Granados,  Teodorica ^ 

Jocson,  Margarita 

Joya,  Florentine 

Leano,  Zacarias 

Loren,  Juana 

LumuBsad,  Crisanto 

Madriaga,  Gerarda 

Mangubat,  Doroteo 

Monton,  Esteban 

Morente,  Modesto 

Nocon,  Andrea 

Nocon,  Valeriano 

Olimpo,  Cipriano , 

Orate,  Juana 

Palina,  Pablo 

Patricio,    Francisco    and    Ramirez, 
Can  u  to, 

Pio  Rodas,  Lucia 

Potente,  Bernardo 

Ramos,  E  ustacio 

Racjucfio,  Cataiino 

Reyes,  Andres 

Reyes,  Vicente 

Rosario,  Ililaria  del 

Rosario,  Juan  del 

Rosario,  Maria  del 

Sales,  Francisco 

Santiago,  1']  ulogio 

Sison,  Manuel 

Suasa,  Felix 

Trias,  Bernabe 

Trias,  Felisa 

Trias,  Julita 

Trias,  Manuela. 

Trias,  Mariano 

Trias  y  Closas,  Maximino 

Trias,  Pedro 

Velazeo,  Carlos 

Soto,  Quiteria 

Ararnbulo,  German 

Bailon,  Florcncia 

Batallones,  Sancho 

Limcauco,  Nicolas 

Manguerra,  Pablo 

Yaptinchay,  Maria 

Zavalla,  David 

Hemedes,  Jos6 

Altiveros,  Miguel 

Buendia,  Maria 

Carpenter,  F.  W.  (special) 

Constantino,  Arcadio 

Crisostomo J  Mariano 

Cruz,  Basilio  de  la 

Cruz,  Innonencia  de  la 

Cruz,  Nicolas  G 

Cruz,  Pedro  de  la 

Daez,  Adriano 

Deato,  Pascual 

Diaz,  Adriano 

Enrile,  Domingo  M 

Guansing,  Enoc 

Guia,  Manuel  de 

Hernandez,  Melesio , 

Ignacio,  Lucio 

Leal,  Sotero.  .• 

Manalo,  Santiago 

Mendoza,  Eugenio 

Mendoza,  Victor 

Ponciano,  Leopoldo 

Ramos  de  la  Cruz,  Gregorio 

Resurreccion,  Arcadio 

Santillan,  Gregorio 

Santos,  Maria  de  los 

Serrano,  Juliana 

Tansinco,  Buenaventura 

Yftieniuela,  Anselmo,,,,,,,,, 


San  Francisco  de  Malabon  . . 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

....do 

do 


....do 

....do 

....do 

...-do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

do 

....do 

..-.do 

...-do 

do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

do 

do 

Santa  Rosa. 

do...... 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Tala 

do 

do 

do 

-...do 

do 

-...do 

....do 

do 

....do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

-...do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do , 


32 

197 

3 

14 
4 
5 
40 
11 
3 
7 
4 
14 
3 
2 
4 
3 
1 
5 
7 
8 
3 
12 
13 
12 
6 
3 


IT.  A.  a 

If)  06  14 

30  51  63 

21  93  20 
74  46  72 

27  95  64 
30  47  53 

28  66  33 

22  56  00 
36  08  58 
•19  70  38 

94 


29 

66 
26 
32 
25 
44 
22 
30 
32 


45 
17 
18 
18 

170 
37 

134 


41 
27 
95 
74 
51 
46 
19 

652 

2,067 

43 

252 
18 
21 

798 
30 
16 
29 
42 

346 
75 
24 
50 
75 
20 
19 
30 
21 
29 

300 

227 

300 
16 
16 
24 


30 


25  02 

53  51 

20  65  83 

29  08  63 

33  47  02 

134  76  00 


80  10 

83  41 
92  59 
90  ()5 
55  07 

12  65 

84  05 
09  65 

86  40 
67  30 
26  60 
23  95 
96  .70 

96  88 
46  75 
14  28 

94  19 
54  92 

57  38 
()8  38 

76  87 

87  91 
62  01 
08  08 
00  36 
14  36 

77  17 
61  46 

13  84 
07  26 
51  76 
51  10 
83  89 
48  60 
33  52 

95  80 
46  77 

28  73 
64  52 
90  00 

97  80 
97  63 
54  60 
00  00 
72  00 
90  40 
00  00 
38  94 
30  53 

58  00 
46  00 

29  24 
00  00 
97  05 
00  00 
80  20 
90  00 
20  60 

73  ao 


F119.68 
226.  20 
219.  36 
168.  52 
198.  32 
206.  76 
259.68 
122.  64 
305. 12 
136. 00 
108.68 
175.60 

78.12 
167.  96 

76.96 
377. 32 

237.  36 

278. 00 

221. 28 

311. 28 

153. 36 

140.04 

149. 88 

224.  48 

197. 20 

689.04 

271.  48 

252.  48 

175. 28 

135. 64 

176. 96 

988.  28 

^30. 72 

660.  72 

242. 72 

242.80 

263. 66 

247. 12 

1,174.00 

538. 00 

422. 00 

244.00 

927.00 

620.00 

491.00 

368.00 

19.00 

654.00 

836.  20 

44.00 

252.00 

114.00 

71.00 

799. 00 

79.00 

68.00 

154.00 

88.00 

347.00 

75.00 

49.00 

65.00 

75.00 

20.00 

65.00 

86.00 

123.00 

36.00' 

300. 00 

229.00. 

300. 00 

103. 00' 

114.00 

85.00 

112,00* 


ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


203 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

FRIAR  LANDS  LEASES  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON— Continued. 


Lessee. 


Estate. 


Num- 
ber of 
parcels, 


Total  area. 


Annual 
rent. 


Valenzuela,  Plo 

Wenceslao,  Julian 

Abarques,  Toriblo 

Alburo,  Leoncio 

Dejos,  Domingo 

Fernandez,  Eugenic 

Gandionco,  Hilario 

Larrobis,  Canuto  E 

Osmefia,  Tomas 

Rosario,  Tereza 

Ramos,  Mariano 

Resurreccion,  Celestino.. 


Tala.... 

do.. 

Talisay. 

do.. 

do-. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

do.. 

Pandi.. 
do.. 


H.  A.  C. 

98  83  60 

33  46  80 

16  75  35 

37  41  86 

23  89 

24  43 


18  56  40 

28  15  80 

54  55  69 

27  76  00 

44  54  06 

31  92  13 


P119.00 
34.00 
138.32 
270. 08 
127.80 
261.44 
151.00 
140. 84 
437. 64 
224.  40 
230.00 
167.00 


There  are  492  persons  having  leases  of  more  than  16  hectares  each  of  friar  lands. 
Four  hundred  and  seventy-five  are  signed  by  Filipinos,  15  by  Americans,  and  2  by 
Englishmen.  Three  leases  on  the  Dampol  estate  and  eight  on  the  Santa  Rosa  estate 
are  three-year  leases,  and  the  rate  of  rent  is  fixed  at  5  per  cent  per  annum  of  the  value 
of  the  land.  Thirteen  leases  on  the  Baniland  estate  are  one-year  leases,  and  the  rate 
of  rent  is  fixed  at  5  per  cent  per  annum  of  the  value  of  the  land.  All  other  leases, 
except  those  marked  "Special"  are  one-year  leases,  and  the  rent  is  fixed  according  to 
the  schedule  marked  ' '  Exhibit  A . "  Leases  marked  * '  Special "  in  the  tabulation  have 
special  conditions,  as  follows: 

A.  F.  Thayer,  said  to  represent  Mr.  Dillingham,  has  leases  for  15  parcels  on  the 
Biiian  estate,  aggregating  1,614  hectares  34  areas  and  32  centares,  at  a  monthly  rental 
of  F^O.20  per  hectare.     Other  conditions  the  same  as  in  regular  leases. 

A.  F.  Thayer,  said  to  represent  Mr.  Dillingham,  has  leases  for  124  parcels  on  the 
Calamba  estate,  aggregating  3,287  hectares  57  areas  and  55  centares,  at  a  monthly 
rental  of  F^O.20  per  hectare.  Both  of  the  above  leases  run  for  six  months.  Other 
conditions  similar  to  regular  leases. 

Emilio  Aguinaldo  has  a  special  lease  for  1,050  hectares  on  the  Imus  estate.  One- 
year  lease,  rent  at  ^0.40  per  hectare  per  annum.  Other  conditions  same  as  in  regular 
leases. 

E.  B.  Bruce  has  a  special  lease  for  160  parcels  on  the  Isabela  estate,  aggregating 
19,448  hectares  35  areas  and  44  centares,  for  all  the  unoccupied  land  on  said  estate 
on  the  following  terms:  Rent,  ^^200  per  annum;  lessee  shall  cause  at  his  own  expense 
a  thorough  soil  analysis  and  investigation  by  a  competent  expert  for  the  purpose  of 
determining  the  value  of  the  estate  for  agricultural  purposes,  estimate  of  cost  of  which 
investigation  is  ^12,000.  Lease  runs  for  one  year.  Lessee  may  purchase  at  the 
valuation  fixed  by  the  provisions  of  act  No.  1120  on  or  before  the  expiration  of  lease. 
Should  lessee  not  exercise  right  to  purchase  within  the  period  stated,  the  report  of 
the  expert,  including  all  statistics  and  data  prepared,  shall  be  turned  over  and  become 
the  property  of  the  insular  government.  It  is  understood  that  Mr.  Bruce  has  as  his 
associates  Mr.  Olsen,  of  the  firm  of  W.  E.  Olsen  &  Co.,  Mr.  Lowenstein,  of  the  firm  of 
Castle  Brothers,  Wolf  &  Sons,  and  one  or  two  other  Americans  in  Manila. 

Arturo  Dancel  has  a  special  lease  on  the  Piedad  estate,  covering  22  parcels,  aggre- 
gating 579  hectares,  79  areas,  and  1  centare.  Rent  at  T'0.20  per  hectare  per  annum 
until  the  land  produces  a  marketable  crop  valued  at  ^^1.50  per  hectare  or  more,  from 
which  time  the  annual  rental  is  to  be  increased  to  ^^1.50  per  hectare  per  annum. 
Lease  runs  for  three  years  and  lessee  further  agrees  to  place  the  entire  tract  under 
cultivation  within  the  term  of  his  lease. 

Frank  W.  Carpenter  has  a  special  lease  on  the  Tala  estate  of  197  parcels  aggregating 
2,067  hectares,  83  areas,  and  89  centares,  at  the  rate  of  P°0.20  per  hectare  per  annum  on 
vacant  lands  until  marketable  crop  is  produced  therefrom,  which  will  net  the  lessee 
more  than  the  amount  of  his  rent,  after  which  the  rental  shall  be  increased  to  1P1.50 
per  hectare  per  annum  during  the  balance  of  the  term  of  the  lease.  Lessee  has  the 
right  to  purchase  at  the  expiration  of  the  lease,  under  the  provisions  of  act  No.  1120. 
Lessee  further  binds  himself  to  rent  all  vacant  lands  on  the  Tala  estate  or  lands  now 
occupied  which  may  become  vacant.    The  entire  area  covered  by  lease  to  be  under 


204 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  e^c— Continued. 

cultivation  at  the  end  of  three  years.  Lessee  to  increase  the  cultivated  area  each 
year  in  direct  proportion  to  the  total  amount  leased. 

All  of  the  above  special  leases  were  made  for  the  express  purpose  of  extending  culti- 
vation on  unoccupied  tracts  of  friar  lands,  upon  the  value  of  which  the  government 
is  paying  interest  at  the  rate  of  4  per  cent  per  annum. 

No  person  is  known  to  have  leased  any  friar  lands  as  agent  or  factor  for  any  other 
person,  corporation,  or  association  of  persons,  except  as  herein  mentioned,  and  no 
corporation  has  leased  more  than  1,024  hectares  of  friar  lands. 

APPLICATIONS  FOR  PURCHASE  OF  FRIAR  LANDS  OF  MORE  fcTHAN  16  HECTARES 
BY  ANY  PERSON  OR  1,024  HECTARES  BY  A  CORPORATION  OR  ASSOCIATION  OF 
PERSONS. 

Mr.  A.  F.  Thayer  (said  to  represent  Mr.  Dillingham)  has  made  application  to  pur- 
chase at  the  price  fixed  by  law  1,200  hectares  of  the  Santa  Rosa  estate,  all  of  which 
land  is  now  vacant. 

SALES  AND  LEASES  OF  PUBLIC  LANDS  AND  APPLICATIONS  FOR  SAME  IN  EXCESS 
OF  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE  PERSON  OR  1,024  HECTARES  TO  ANY  CORPORATION  OR 
ASSOCIATION  OF  PERSONS. 

No  public  lands  of  the  Philippine  Islands  have  been  sold  in  excess  of  16  hectares  to 
any  one  person  or  1,024  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association  of  persons  since 
July  1,  1902,  nor  is  it  known  that  any  agent  or  factor  for  any  other  person,  association, 
or  corporation  has  attempted  to  make  such  purchase.  No  applications  for  purchase 
of  public  lands  in  excess  of  the  limits  mentioned  above  have  been  received. 

Application  for  purchase  of  930  hectares  of  public  land  in  Mindoro  has  been  made 
by  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Company,  E.  L.  Hamann,  secretary,  signed  by  Edward 
L.  Poole,  managing  agent. 

Application  for  purchase  of  832  hectares  of  public  land  in  Mindoro  has  been  made 
by  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Company,  Charles  McMullen,  secretary,  applica- 
tion signed  by  Edward  L.  Poole,  managing  agent. 

Application  has  been  made  for  the  purchase  of  832  hectares  of  public  land  in  Mindoro 
by  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  K.  M.  Nealon,  secretary,  application  signed 
by  Edward  L.  Poole,  managing  agent. 

The  three  above-mentioned  corporations  are  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of 
California,  duly  registered  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  three  tracts  of  land  applied 
or  are  adjoining  and  lie  immediately  south  of  the  San  Jose  friar  estate,  Mindoro, 
and  connect  said  estate  along  the  China  Sea  with  Mangarin  Bay,  the  nearest  available 
harbor. 


LEASES  OF  PUBLIC  LAND  SINCE  JULY  1,  1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HECTARES  TO  ONE 

PERSON. 


Lessee. 

Area. 

Time. 

Rent  per 
hectare 

per 
annum. 

W.  B.  Dawson 

Hectares. 

83 
128 

74 
124 
977 

Years. 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 

ro.50 

Louis  Gordon             -.                                     

.50 

R.V.Baldwin 

.50 

Frank  Shienherd                .                     .        .--.             

.50 

E.  L.  Worcester 

.50 

Total  leases,  5,  all  Americans. 


ADMINISTBATION    OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


205 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Continued. 

LEASES  OF  PUBLIC  LAND  APPLIED  FOR  SINCE  JULY  1,1902,  OF  MORE  THAN  16  HEC- 
TARES TO  ONE  PERSON. 


Applicant. 

Area 
applied 

Time. 

Rental  to  be  paid. 

Ira  D.  Cobb 

Hectares. 

48 

451 

1,024 

100 

80 

104 

105 

422 

1,024 

327 

80 

896 

896 

340 

576 

18 

70 

187 

18 

50 

47 

49 

21 

68 

33 

576 

27 

100 

51 

24 

204 

92 

28 

22 

255 

140 

231 

1,000 

1,024 

41 

64 

100 

85 

38 

40 

36 

38 

30 

33 

64 

79 

266 

418 

500 

31 

17 

32 

21 

26 

100 

81 

350 

148 

74 

45 

27 

21 

86 

25 

38 

84 

30 

1,020 

100 

28 

Years. 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
,25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 
25 

See  section  27,  act  926. 
Do 

O.V.Wood 

Loren  L.  Day 

Do 

M.A.McCleod 

Do. 

Jose  Miranda 

Do 

Gabino  R.  Bautista 

Do. 

Francisco  Bangoy 

Do 

John  Clark 

Do. 

Mary  Carrigan 

Do 

J.  M.  Liddell 

Do. 

Alejandro  Manalo 

Do. 

M.  L.  McCuUough 

Do. 

J.  H.  McCullougli 

Do. 

Leora  J.  Day 

Do. 

C.  H.  Sawyer 

Do. 

Felipe  Bantayan 

Do, 

Dalmacio  Agton .     ... 

Do. 

Estanislao  Gil 

Do. 

Basilio  Villanueva 

Do. 

Silvestre  Jandoc 

Do 

Tomas  Zapata ... 

Do, 

Eduardo  Laching 

Do. 

Sabas  Fuentes ^ . . .  . 

Do. 

Domingo  Loteria 

Do. 

Segundo  Esperat .... 

Do. 

E.  W.  Ames 

Do. 

Policarpio  Pugida 

Do, 

Segundo  Perez 

Do. 

Enriqueta  Bustamente ... 

Do. 

Nazario  Jos6 

Do. 

G.  W.  Langford 

Do. 

Domingo  E  llazor 

Do. 

Evarlsto  de  los  Santos 

Do. 

Marcelo  Pio 

Do. 

Guillermo  Garcia 

Do. 

Chas.  E.  Wade 

Do. 

Antonio  Matute 

Do. 

J.R.Wilson 

Do. 

Vicente  Lukban 

Do. 

Arsenio  Villarosa 

Do. 

Virgilio  Baileon 

Do. 

Juan  Palanca 

Do. 

J.  L.  Perrin 

Do. 

Mariano  Perez 

Do. 

Daniel  Perez 

Do. 

Anacleta  Nunez 

Do. 

Enrique  Novarro 

Do. 

M.  V.  Sanson 

Do. 

Felipe  Semiana 

Do, 

Antonio  Tancontian  . 

Do. 

Samuel  Novarro 

Do. 

Inocencio  Perez 

Do. 

Sebastian  Matute 

Do. 

Geo.  S.  Worcester 

Do. 

Mariano  Osorio 

Do, 

Pablo  Catubog 

Do, 

Braulio  Reyes 

Do, 

Angel  Boston 

Do. 

P.A.Hill 

Do, 

E .  B .  Bruce 

Do. 

W.H.Lawrence 

Do. 

Z.K.Miller 

Do. 

H.  C.  Reisser 

Do. 

Mariano  P.  Gil 

Do. 

Bunod 

Do. 

Ciriaco  Guday 

Do. 

Modesto  Barrera 

Do. 

Vicente  Bualan 

Do. 

Romana  Munoz 

Do. 

Isidro  Pablo 

Do. 

Nieves  Quesada 

Do. 

Ayao 

Do. 

Lewis  Main 

Do. 

0.  B.  Burrell ..' . 

Do. 

Luis  Baldomero 

Do. 

206 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


Report  of  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  sold  or  leased,  etc. — Contiiiued 

LEASES  OF  PUBLIC  LAND   APPLIED   FOR   SINCE    JULY  1,    1902,  OF  MORE   TEtAN  16 
HECTARES  TO  ONE  PERSON— Continued. 


Applicant. 


Q.  W.  Day  wait 

Enrique  Bustamente. 

Severo  Samal 

Justlno  Bongoy 

Claudio  Quesada 

Enrique  Navarro 

Jos6  Tega 


Area 

applied 
for. 

Time. 

Hectares, 

Years. 

400 

25 

21 

25 

26 

25 

53 

25 

30 

25 

24 

25 

31 

25 

Rental  to  be  paid. 


See  section  27,  act  926. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do 
Do. 


Total  number  of  applicants. 

American  applicants 

Filipino  applicants 


83 
24 
58 


No  leases  of  more  than  16  hectares  to  an  individual,  or  1,024  hectares  to  a  corporation 
or  association  of  persons,  have  been  made  of  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  no  such  leases  have  been  applied  for,  nor  is  it  known  that  any  person  acting  as 
agent  or  factor  for  any  other  person,  association,  or  corporation  has  leased  or  applied 
to  lease  such  lands  in  excess  of  the  limit  mentioned  above,  except  as  mentioned  in 
this  report. 

Respectfully  submitted. 

C.  W.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

Baguio,  Benguet,  May  5,  1910. 


Exhibit  A. — Schedule  of  rents  on  friar  lands. 

After  sale  value  is  known,  5  per  cent  of  value  of  land.    Until  such  values  are  known, 
rents  will  be  collected  as  follows: 


Lots,  per 

hectare  per  annum. 

Estate. 

Urban. 

Rural. 

First 
class. 

Second 
class. 

Third 
class. 

First 
class. 

Second 
class. 

Bifian 

ri.oo 

1.00 
1.00 

ro.5o 

.50 
.50 

ro.25 

.25 
.25 

F0.20 
.50 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 

TO.  10 

Calamba 

.20 

Imus 

.10 

Lolomboy 

.10 

Muntinlupa 

.10 

Naic 

1.00 

.40 

.25 

.10 

Piedad 

.10 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon..  ..                

1.00 
.GO 
.60 

.50 
.30 
.30 

.25 

.10 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

.10 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

.10 

Tala 

.10 

Talisay-Minglanilla , 

1.00 

.50 

.25 

.10 

ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  207 

Exhibit  A. — Schedule  of  rents  on  friar  lands — Continued. 


Agricultural  lands,  per 

hectare 

per  annum. 

Estate. 

Irrigable. 

Nonirrigable. 

First 

class. 

Second 
class. 

Third 

class. 

First 
class. 

Second 
class. 

Third 
class. 

Fourth 
class. 

Fifth 

class. 

Binan 

n2. 00 
12.  db 

12.00 
12.00 

no.  00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 

rs.oo 

8.00 
8.00 
8.00 

P-8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
9.00 
8.00 
8.00 
10.00 
9.00 
8.00 

P6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
6.00 
7.00 
6.00 
6.00 
8.00 
7.00 
6.00 

r4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
4.00 
5.00 
4.00 
4.00 
6.00 
5.00 
4.00 

r2.oo 

2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
4.00 
2.00 
2.00 

n.oo 

Calamba 

1.00 

Imus          ........ 

1  00 

Loloinboy 

1.00 

Muntinlupa    

1  00 

Naic 

12.00 

10.00 

8.00 

1.00 

Piedad      

1  00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

iioo 

12.00 
8.00 

10.00 
10.00 
6.00 

8.66 
8.00 

1.00 
1.00 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

1.00 

Tala 

1.00 

Talisay-Minglanilla 

12.00 

10.00 

8.00 

1.00 

Estate, 

Fisheries 
tare  per 

,  per  hec- 
annum. 

Salt  beds 
tare  per 

,  per  hec- 
annum. 

Beach  lands,  per 
house. 

First 
class. 

Second 
class. 

I'irst 
class. 

Second 
class. 

First 
class. 

Second 
class. 

Binan                   .  . 

F2.00 
2.00 
2.00 

Tl  00 

Calamba 

1.00 

Imus 

r20.00 
20.00 
20.00 
20.00 
20.00 
20.00 

no.  00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 

r20. 00 

no.  00 

1  00 

Lolomboy 

Naic  .        

20.00 
20.00 
20.00 

10.00 
10.00 
10.00 

2.00 
2. 00 
2.00 

1  00 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon 

1.00 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon 

1  00 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi 

Minimum  charge,  ^2. 

Caingins,  double  the  price  for  the  class  of  land  to  which  they  pertain. 
Quarry  permits,  per  stone,  first  class,  3  centavos;  second  class,  2  centavos. 
Timber  permits,  to  be  governed  by  the  forestry  regulations. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  of  Lands. 

The  Chairman.  Now,  under  the  head  of  the  San  Jose  de  Mindoro 
estate,  I  find  one  purchaser,  two  sales,  56,212  acres  and  a  fraction. 
Can  you  tell  us  what  you  know  about  that  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  bought  that. 

The  Chairman.  In  what  way  did  it  first  come  to  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Along  in  October  of  1909  Mr.  Poole  came  into  my 
office,  together  with  Mr.  Prentiss,  being  introduced  to  me  by  my  as- 
sistant, Mr.  Wilson.  Mr.  Poole  stated  he  desired  to  purchase  some 
land  for  a  sugar  estate,  and  that  he  had  heard  of  some  land  in  the 
Island  of  Mindoro,  south  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  he  was  going 
down  to  look  at  it.  I  asked  him  immediately  why  he  did  not  buy 
the  San  Jose  estate.  He  said  he  could  not  buy  it,  because  the  Gov- 
ernment could  not  sell  it.  I  told  him  that  was  not  my  understand- 
ing of  the  law,  and  I  immediately  asked  my  law  officer  to  give  me  a 
written  opinion  on  the  subject. 

The  Chairman.  What  do  you  mean  by  your  law  officer? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  a  law  clerk  in  the  bureau. 

The  Chairman.  What  is  his  name  ? 


208  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  His  name  at  that  time  was  Knight.  Mr.  Poole 
stated  that  he  thought  the  land  he  was  after  was  better  than  the 
San  Jose  estate,  but  that  he  would  go  down  and  look  it  over.  I  then 
sent  Mr.  Poole  over  to  Mr.  Worcester's  office  to  verify  the  statement 
that  we  could  sell  that  estate  to  an  individual,  but  that  we  could  not 
sell  it  to  a  corporation. 

The  Chairman.  Well,  what  followed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Poole  came  back  after  seeing  Mr.  Worcester, 
and  stated  that  he  would  have  to  have  the  opinion  of  his  attorneys 
as  to  the  validity  of  any  such  sale,  and  I  told  him  that  as  soon  as  I 
got  the  written  opinion  of  my  attorney  I  would  submit  it  to  Mr. 
Worcester,  and  endeavor  to  get  the  attorney  general  of  the  islands 
to  give  us  advice  on  that  subject. 

The  Chairman.  When  you  refer  to  Mr.  Worcester,  to  whom  do 
you  mean  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  secretary  of  the  interior  of  the  Philippine 
Islands.  I  also  told  Mr.  Poole  at  that  time  that  we  had  obtained 
the  passage  of  an  act  amending  the  original  friar  lands  act,  in  order 
that  we  could  offer  for  sale  these  large  unoccupied  estates,  as  the 
Government  was  paying  interest  on  the  money  with  which  they  were 
purchased,  and  the  department  was  after  me  to  make  some  kind  of 
a  showing  in  regard  to  the  sale  of  these  lands,  and  the  recovery  of 
the  interest  as  well  as  the  administration  charges. 

Mr.  Poole  then  went  down  to  Mindoro  shortly  after  that  with  my 
assistant,  Mr.  Wilson,  and  on  his  return  he  came  in  and  said  he 
would  take  the  estate,  provided  his  attorneys  would  sanction  the 
legality  of  the  purchase. 

The  Chairman.  Did  he  say  whom  he  represented  in  the  purchase  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  told  me  that  he  represented  Mr.  Welch,  of  Welch 
&  Co. 

The  Chairman.  What  was  the  next  step?  Do  you  know  where 
Mr.  Welch  lived? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not.  The  next  step  that  I  remember  was  that 
Mr.  Poole  said  he  would  have  his  attorney,  Mr.  Bruce,  come  there  to 
the  office  with  him  and  he  would  have  the  documents  prepared.  Mr. 
Bruce  was  introduced  by  Mr.  Poole  as  his  attorney. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  the  full  name  of  Mr.  Bruce  or  his 
initials  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  E.  B.  Bruce,  I  think  it  is. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  his  residence  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Manila. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  he  a  practicing  lawyer  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  I  then  had  my  friar  lands  division  prepare 
the  documents,  including  the  computation  of  the  sales  value  of  the 
estate  up  to  January  4,  which  was  the  date  that  the  interest  ran  by 
even  years.  I  think  that  is  the  way  we  happened  to  strike  on  that 
date. 

The  Chairman.  January  4  of  what  year? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Of  1910. 

The  Chairman.  How  did  you  compute  the  sales  price  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  According  to  the  regulations  approved  by  the  secre- 
tary of  the  interior. 

The  Chairman.  How  was  the  price  fixed  by  the  Government  for 
those  lands? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  209 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  cost  plus  the  survey,  the  administration,  interest, 
and  all  other  charges  against  that  estate,  from  the  date  of  purchase 
up  to  the  date  of  sale. 
The  Chairman.  Proceed. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  forwarded  that  sales  certificate,  after  Mr.  Poole  had 
signed  it,  over  to  the  secretary  of  the  interior.  That  was  the  last  I 
heard  from  it  for  some  days.  From  the  reading  of  Mr.  Worcester's 
document  here,  it  laid  on  his  desk  some  days  awaiting  signature.  I 
finally  went  over  to  see  him,  and  he  said  he  was  waiting  for  advices 
from  Washington. 

The  Chairman.  What  next? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  can  not  recollect  the  exact  dates,  and  I  will  not 
trust  my  memory  to  them  as  to  what  occurred,  but  I  have  all  such 
dates  and  can  furnish  them.  Soon  after  that,  in  December,  I  believe 
it  was,  the  sales  certificate  was  returned  to  my  office  approved.  The 
sales  certificate  was  really  a  contract  to  sell.  Shortly  after  that  Mr. 
Poole  went  down  to  Mindoro.  He  took  down  some  supplies  and 
so  forth,  and  said  he  was  going  to  begin  operations ;  that  he  intended 
to  sell  a  part  of  this  estate  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  who 
were  to  erect  a  sugar  mill  and  a  railroad  connecting  the  bay  south  of 
the  estate  with  the  estate.  He  said  that  he  was  to  sell  200  hectares, 
I  think,  for  the  purpose  of  a  railroad  and  a  sugar  mill;  that  all  he 
would  do  was  to  raise  sugar. 

I  notified  him  again  in  January  what  the  purchase  would  be,  and 
they  then  decided  that  they  wanted  the  estate  split  up  into  two  par- 
cels, one  parcel  of  4,200  hectares,  I  think ;  and  another  percel  of  the 
balance  of  the  estate. 

We  then  made  two  other  sales  certificates,  canceling  the  original 
certificate.  However,  prior  to  the  signing  of  the  certificate  I  had 
prepared  the  bandillos  or  notices  required  by  law  that  had  to  be 
published,  in  order  that  if  there  was  anybody  on  this  estate  in  the 
two  towns  situated  on  the  estate  that  cared  to  purchase,  they  would 
have  the  right. 

The  presidentes  finally  certified  back  to  the  effect  the  notices  had 
been  published  as  required  by  law,  and  in  January  Mr.  Poole  made 
his  first  payment,  paying  completely  for  the  smaller  portion  of  the 
estate,  and  I  believe  making  one  payment  out  of  twenty  annual  pay- 
ments on  the  balance  of  the  estate. 

The  Chairman.  Did  you  hear  Eepresentative  Martin's  testimony 
this  morning? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  heard  a  reference  then  to  the  so-called  sales 
certificate  No.  1? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Signed  by  yourself.  Is  that  the  only  document 
Mr.  Poole  received  showing  his  title  to  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  original  document ;  yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  That  was  the  original  document  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  There  have  since  been  others.  I  think  the 
last  one  issued  was  No,  5,  changing  around  the  areas.  The  last  one 
issued  just  before  we  left  was  a  deed  of  about  200  hectares  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co. 

The  Chairman.  This  does  not  appear  to  be  a  conveyance  of  the 
land,  this  sale  certificate  No.  1  ? 


210  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.    That  is  an  agreement  to  sell. 

The  Chairman.  Has  there  been  an  actual  conveyance  of  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  Mr.  Poole  yet. 

The  Chairman.  To  anybody? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  For  that  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  approximately  200  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  To  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  with  you  the  other  sales  certificates  or 
documents  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Eelating  to  this  transaction  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  here  or  will  be  here  to-day  or  to-morrow. 
They  were  delayed  in  transmission  across  the  continent. 

rhe  Chairman.  AVhen  they  reach  here,  will  you  give  them  to  the 
clerk  of  the  committee  to  be  inserted  in  the  record  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  To  complete  all  the  papers  down  to  this  time? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Proceed. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  end  of  the  Mindoro  transaction. 

The  Chairman.  Then,  if  I  correctly  understand  you,  there  has 
been  no  actual  conveyance  of  land  to  Mr.  Poole  or  to  his  nominees  up 
to  the  present  time,  except  the  200  hectares  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  the  fact,  then,  that  there  has  been  no  con- 
veyance by  the  Government  to  Mr.  Poole  or  his  nominees,  for  any 
more  than  the  200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  there  has  been  none. 

The  Chairman.  The  balance  now  rests  on  an  agreement  to  sell  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Upon  which  agreement  certain  payments  have 
been  made  by  Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  much  has  he  paid? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  refer  to  this  document.  He  paid  for 
4,200  hectares  f=137,080. 

The  Chairman.  For  how  many  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  paid  cash  for  4,200  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  Did  he  not  receive  a  conveyance  of  that,  then  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  yet ;  because  he  wanted  to  determine  what  part 
he  wanted  to  go  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  It  seems  he  had 
not  determined  on  the  site  for  the  sugar  mill. 

The  Chairman.  What  installments  has  he  paid? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  paid  the  first  installment  for  the  balance  of  the 
estate. 

The  Chairman.  How  much  was  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  ^29,846. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  4,200,  was  that  acres  or  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  How  many  acres  or  hectares  in  all  are  covered  by 
the  several  sale  certificates  to  Mr.  Poole? 


ADMTNISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  211 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Tlie  entire  area  of  the  estate  is  some  5G,000  acres. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  give  it  accurately? 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  is  down  here  in  hectares  as  22,824. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  right. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  A.  &  C.,  of  the  lesser  land  divisions? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  represent  ares  and  centares — tenths  and  hun- 
dredths. 

The  Chairman.  I  call  your  attention  to  tlie  fact  that  on  page  47 
of  this  document  there  are  other  payments  noted  as  having  been 
made  by  Mr.  Poole.     Perhaps  they  are  all  included 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  there  was  only  one  payment,  because  the  origi- 
nal sales  certificate  was  canceled  prior  to  the  time  the  payment  was, 
made.     It  did  not  satisfy  him ;  the  way  the  land  was  subdivided. 

The  Chairman.  You  mean  sales  certificate  No,  1  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  It  was  canceled? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Were  any  of  the  others  canceled?  There  have 
been  five  in  all,  I  understand. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  4th  of  January  I  signed  two  and  three. 

The  Chairman.  Have  they  been  canceled,  or  are  they  still  in 
force  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Well,  they  are  still  in  force,  except  that  we  have 
deeded  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  the  nominee  of  Mr.  Poole, 
200  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  Did  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  pay  you  any- 
thing, or  had  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  them  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  them. 

The  Chairman.  Then  what  has  been  paid  on  these  lands  is  all 
stated  on  page  47  as  f=166,126 ;  is  that  right  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  total. 

The  Cpiairman.  Of  which  ^137,080  was  to  pay  in  full  for  sale 
certificate  No.  3? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  for  4,200  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  And  ^29,846  was  the  first  installment  on  account 
of  sale  certificate  No.  2  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  the  residue  of  the  estate. 

The  Chairman.  The  balance  is  payable  in  19  annual  installments 
of  ^29,846;  is  that  right? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Was  any  other  naxne  than  that  of  Mr.  Poole  men- 
tioned in  any  of  these  five  sale  certificates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  stated  now  your  entire  knowledge  of 
this  transaction  in  the  sale  of  this  Mindoro  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  as  far  as  the  sale  is  concerned,  that  is  the 
whole  transaction. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  tell  what  proportion  of  the  Island  of 
Mindoro  is  included  in  this  estate,  this  sale  of  some  56,000  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  without  consulting  a  memorandum  on  the 
subject. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  give  it  roughly?  Would  it  be  a  tenth 
or  a  half  of  the  island? 


212  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  say  about  a  fortieth. 

The  Chairman.  About  a  fortieth  of  the  island  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  whether  these  lands  purchased  by 
Mr.  Poole  were  occupied  or  unoccupied  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  the  report  of  my  assistant  they  were  abso- 
lutely unoccupied. 

The  Chairman.  Was  the  Government  deriving  any  income  from 
these  lands  or  any  portion  of  them  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  at  the  time  of  sale ;  no,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  all  I  wish  to  ask  Capt.  Sleeper  on  this 
branch  of  the  subject.  I  will  want  to  examine  him  about  the  Carpen- 
ter matter  later.  Do  any  members  desire  to  ask  any  questions  on  this 
particular  branch  of  the  case  ? 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  stated  that  application  wa^  first  made  to  the 
agent  upon  the  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  want  to  ask  if  this  agent  was  a  Government 
official ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  there  an  agent  located  upon  each  one  of  these 
estates  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  not  on  each  one,  but  on  each  group  of  estates. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  there  any  w^ritten  form  of  application  to  be 
made  to  an  agent  upon  an  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  you  just  go  to  the  office  and  point  out  on  the 
plan  where  the  land  is. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Then  this  agent  makes  report  to  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  executes  a  lease  or  sales  certificate,  unless  lands 
happen  to  be  reserved  for  some  other  parties. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  agent  himself  executes  a  sales  certificate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  does  this  sales  certificate  do?  Does  the 
purchaser  or  the  lessee  present  that  sales  certificate  at  the  office  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  that  somes  through  the  mail  to  my  office 
to  be  checked  up  and  entered  on  the  records  and  to  be  signed  by  me 
and  forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  for  his  signature. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  next  thing  to  be  done  in  the  official 
program  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  goes  back  through  the  office  to  the  applicant  after 
being  entered  on  the  record  and  the  record  of  the  suboffice  in  the 
province,  and  the  man  has  possession  of  his  land,  with  the  sales  cer- 
tificate to  show  as  his  authority. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  When  does  he  make  his  first  payment  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  According  to  the  agreement  that  may  be  made — this 
month  or  six  months  hence. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  How  many  payments  does  a  man  make  upon  one 
of  those  leases,  or  do  they  vary  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  vary  on  different  estates,  according  to  the  dif- 
ferent conditions.  Some  are  paid  quarterly,  some  semiannually,  and 
some  annually. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  In  all  of  these  leases  is  there  a  privilege  of  pur- 
chase? 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  213 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  they  all  carry  that  under  the  provision  of 
the  friar-lands  act. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Where  is  Mr.  Poole  now,  do  you  know  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  I  presume. 

Mr.  Douglas.  At  Manila  or  down  at  Mindoro,  or  where? 

Mr.  SiJ^EPER.  I  think  perhaps  he  is  down  in  Mindoro  trying  to 
raise  sugar  cane. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  say  Mr.  Prentiss  came  with  him  to  your  office. 
Who  was  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Prentiss  was  a  bookkeeper  or  cashier  or  some- 
thing under  Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Was  Mr.  Poole  a  resident  of  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  At  that  time? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes, 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  think  not. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Did  you  know  him  when  he  came  in  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not;  no,  sir.    I  never  heard  of  him  before. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  had  never  heard  of  him  until  he  presented 
himself  at  your  office? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Did  he  begin  his  conversation  by  saying  that  he  had 
been  to  Mindoro? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Tell  me  again  what  it  was ;  how  he  started  out. 

Mr.  Sleeker.  He  began  his  conversation  by  saying  he  wanted  to 
buy  some  land  on  which  to  raise  sugar. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  had  heard  of  what  land,  did  you  say  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Some  land  south  of  this  Mindoro  estate  on  the 
Island  of  Mindoro,  for  which  a  title  had  been  granted  a  few  months 
previous.  Some  Filipino  had  obtained  a  Government  guaranteed 
title. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Had  it  been  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Public  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  think  it  had.  I  thought  at  the  time 
it  had  been  public  land,  but  the  court  decided  it  had  not  been. 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  many  acres  had  these  Filipinos  obtained  title 
to  which  they  wanted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  only  knew  of  2,500  at  that  time,  a  little  over  2,500. 

Mr.  Douglas.  From  whom  had  they  obtained  that  title? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Well,  they  had  no  title  except  a  possessory  title, 
which  they  proved  in  court. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  got  a  title  certificate  under  what  we  call  the 
Torrence  land  act? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  the  origin  of  most  of  the  titles  in  the 
Philippines? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Purely  title  by  adverse  possession  or  suffrance? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Did  Mr.  Prentiss  come  with  him  that  first  time? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  he  was  with  him. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Who  was  Mr.  Prentiss;  was  he  a  resident  of  the 
Philippines  ? 


214  ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  he  came  with  Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Where  is  your  office  to  which  he  came — in  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Did  they  tell  yon  from  whence  they  had  come  ? 

Mr.  Steeper.  Mr.  Poole  stated  he  had  been  in  Cuba  raising  sugar. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  said  in  the  beginning  he  did  not  represent  him- 
self, but  represented  somebody  else,  did  he  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  that  Mr.  Welch  was  backing  him. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Of  Welch  &  Co.,  did  you  say? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Welch  &  Co. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Who  was  Welch  &  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know  to  this  day  who  they  are. 

Mr.  Douglas.  ^Vliat  did  he  represent  Welch  &  Co.  to  be — as  men 
engaged  in  the  sugar  business? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  he  said  they  had  sugar  interests  in  Cuba;  that 
they  were  sugar  raisers,  as  I  understood  him. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  that  they  had  sent  him  to  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  that  he  had  come  from  Cuba  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  had  been  in  Cuba.  I  do  not  know^  whether  he 
came  there  from  Cuba,  or  where  he  had  been  just  before. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  had  been  in  Cuba  and  came  to  Manila  at  the  in- 
stance of  Welch  &  Co.  on  this  business? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  "What  was  the  date,  as  nearly  as  you  can  give  it,  of 
that  first  visit? 

Mr.  Sr^EPER.  I  think  it  w^as  the  12th  day  of  October,  1909. 

Mr.  Douglas.  A  year  ago  last  October? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  it  was  in  that  first  conversation  that  you  called 
his  attention  to  this  San  Jose  estate? 
/Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  On  the  Island  of  Mindoro? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  suggested  a  purchase  of  that  instead  ,of  the 
land  which  he  had  in  mind? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  for  the  simple  reason  T  had  been  trying  to 
get  somebody  to  buy  that  estate,  or  some  of  it.  I  had  severalparties 
in  view,  one  Australian  in  particular,  for  grazing  purposes. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Your  object  being,  of  course,  toconvert  it  into  money 
and  extinguish  that  much  of  the  public  debt? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  When  did  he  first  mention  to  you,  in  connection 
cither  Avith  his  nomination  of  a  grantee  for  the  title  or  in  any  other 
wav,  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  according  to  your  best  recollec- 
tion? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  December,  I  believe,  between  the  6th  and  the  10th. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  makes  you  think  so  after  referring  to  that 
report  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  date  I  submitted  to  him  a  copy  of  the 
original  sales  certificate,  and  he  brought  that  in,  and  he  said  it  did 
not  satisfy;  also  an  arrangement  for  the  payment.  It  was  first  to  be 
paid  through  somQ  banking  institution  in  the  United  States,  to  the 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  215 

credit  of  the  Treasury.     He  then  informed  me  that  part  of  the  land 
was  to  go 

Mr.  Douglas  (interposing).  To  the  Guarantee  Trust  Co.  of  New 
York? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  That  is  the  way  it  was  originally  intended 
to  have  the  payment  made,  and  I  believe  he  said  on  account  of  ex- 
change rates,  or  something,  they  could  afford  better  to  pay  it  in 
Manila,  and  that  suited  us  just  as  well. 

Mr.  Douglas.  So  that  the  money  was,  in  fact,  afterwards,  in  Janu- 
ary, paid  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Up  to  that  time  had  he  mentioned  any  other  parties 
in  whose  interests  he  was  acting  besides  Welch  &  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Wlien  did  you  first  hear  the  name  of  Mr.  Horace 
Havemeyer,  or  anyone  else  connected  with  them,  as  nearly  as  you 
can  now  recall? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  first  time  I  ever  saw  it  was  in  some  ncAvs- 
paper,  stating  that  the  Havemeyer  interests  had  purchased  it. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  sale  was  made  to  Mr.  Poole  or  to  his  nominees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  a  rather  unusual  designation.  Was  that  in 
the  original  certificate  which  was  afterwards  canceled? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  not.  That  was  in  a  subsequent  certificate. 
I  think  that  was  the  reason  it  was  changed  so  that  he  could  put  in 
a  nominee  and  sell  to  the  development  company  the  land  necessary 
for  a  sugar  mill,  because  he  said  he  was  not  an  expert  sugar-milling 
man,  but  he  was  a  grower  of  sugar.  He  said  they  were  going  to  do 
the  milling  of  his  cane. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  was  it  that  was  made  out  for  the  200  hectares 
to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  a  deed  transferring  the  land  to  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  under  the  Torrence  land  act  for  the  Philippine 
Islands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  As  I  understand  it,  after  your  first  conversation  he 
went  to  Mindoro. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  examined  the  property,  came  back,  and  then 
said  he  would  buy  it  if  his  counsel  decided  that  the  Philippine  Gov- 
ernment could  make  a  title  to  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  For  more  than  so  many  hectares. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Who  was  his  counsel,  did  you  say?  Was  it  Mr. 
E.B.Bruce? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Up  to  that  time  he  had  not  any;  but  he  called  in 
Mr.  Bruce,  of  Bruce  &  Lawrence. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  a  law  firm  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  at  that  time  it  was  the  firm  of  Bruce  & 
Lawrence. 

Mr.  Douglas,  American  lawyers  practicing  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  that  the  same  E.  B.  Bruce  whose  name  I  find 
here  as  the  le^ssee  of  something  like  19,000  hectares  of  land  in  the 
Isabela  estate? 


216  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  that  is  the  same  man. 

Mr.  Douglas.  At  the  time  that  Isabela  land  was  leased  to  Bruce 
I  notice  in  this  report  that  it  is  "  E.  B.  Bruce,  special."  Do  you  know 
the  significance  of  that  word  "  special  ?  " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  special  form  of  lease  was  provided,  because  there 
were  special  conditions  in  it.  That  is  the  case  with  all  leases  and 
sales  certificates  reported  there  as  being  special.  They  were  on  a 
special  form ;  not  the  ordinary  printed  form,  but  marked  "  special." 

Mr.  Douglas.  Have  you  the  ordinary  printed  form  with  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  it  in  Washington. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Will  you  be  kind  enough  to  submit  one  of  these 
ordinary  printed  forms  to  the  committee? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

COPY  OF  FRIAR-LAND  LEASE. 
[B.  L.  Form  No.  26  (Tagalog).] 
Philippine  Islands. 

Province  of , 

Estate. 


Annual  Rental, 


Lease  No. 


This  indenture,  made  and  entered  into  in  duplicate  this day  of ,  190 

Sa  kasiilatang  ito,  na  dalawa  ang  ginaw^,  at  inilagdd  sa  arao  na  ito,  ica  r^      i^  taong 

by  and  between .as  director  of   lands,    with    Cedula  No ,  190     ,  acting 

ni  na  Tagapangasiwa  ng  mga  Lupa,  may  c6dula  personal  No.  at 

herein  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  as  authorized 
tiimatay6  sa  figalan  ng  Gobierno  ng  Kapuloang  Filipinas,  ayon  sa  itinutulot 

by  the  provisions  of  the^friar-lands^act.  No.  1120,  as  party  of  the  first  part,  and 
sa  kanya  ng  kautusan  ng  Ley  ng  mga  Lupa  ng  fBga  Fraile  No.  1120,  sa  isang  parte,  at  si 

,  of  age,  a  resident  of  the  Barrio  of ,  municipality  of ,  Province  of 

na  may  gulang  na  ganap,  tumatahan  sa  Nayon  ^  municipio  n^  Lalawigan  ng 

..,  by  occupation  a ,   ,  with  Oedula  No , 

ang  oficio  ay  (married,  etc.)  at  may  cedula  personal  No 

(binata,  may  asawa  o  bale.) 
190     ,  party  of  the  second  part: 

sa  isang  parte  naman: 

Witnesseth,  that  the  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  rents, 
Aming  pinagtitibay  sa  kasulatang  it6,  na  ang  parteng  unang  nasalaysay,  alang-alang  sa  fliga  \ipa, 

covenants,  stipulations,  and  conditions  hereinafter  stated  and  hereby  agreed  to  be 
fliga  pinagkasunduan,  ffiga  pinagusapan  at  ibd  pang  fBga  bagay  na  sa  casunod  nito,y  isasaysay,  at  sa 

paid,  observed,  and  performed  by  the  party  of  the  second  part,  does  hereby  lease, 
ninaharap  ay  ipinangakong  bayaran,  ganapin,  at  sundin  ng  parteng  lumagd^  nit6  sa  ikalawang 

let,  and  demise  unto  the  party  of  the  second  part  the  following-described  tract. .  of 
lugal,  ay  pinauupahan,  ipinagkakaloob  at  isinasalin  sa  naturang  parte  na  lumalagdd  nit6  sa  ikala, 

land,  lying  and  being  in  the  municipality  of ,  Province  of  ,  Philippine 

wang  lugal,  ang  lagay  na  lupa  na  dito.y   \  -   ,      .         ~  ^..       , 

insinasalaysay,  at  naroon  sa  municipio  fig  / 


wang  lu^al,  ang  lagay  na  lupa  na  dito.y   \  Lalawigan  ng  Kapuloang 

Islands,  and  being  a  portion  of  the 

Filipinas,  na  ito,y  isang  bahagui  fig  hacienda  fig 

estate,  the  property  of  said  Government,  to  wit: 
na  pagaari  fig  nasabing  Gobierno;  at  dl  iba  kundi  yarl: 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  217 

containing  an  area  of hectares^ ares,  and cen tares,  for  the  period  of 

ang  laki  ng  lupang  ito,y  hectdrea,  drea  at  centMrea,  sa  loob  fg  panahong 

years,  dating  from  the day  of ,  190    . 

taon,  mul^  sa  fechang  ikd  ng       fg  taong 

In  consideration  whereof,  and  recognizing  the  said  lands  as  the  property  of  said 
Sa  bagsik  ng  kasaysayang  nangufguna,  at  sa  pagkilala  na  ang  ffiga  nasabing  lupa  ay  pagaari  ng 

Government, the  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  agrees  to  pay  to  the  director  of 
naturang  Gobierno,  ang  parteng  lumalagd4  nit6  saikalawang  Tugal  ay  nakipagkayari,  6  nangafig- 

lands,  or  his  representative,  at  such  place  as  he  may  designate,  as  rental  for  said 
ako  sa  hinaharap  na  kasulatan,  na  magbabayad  sa  tagapaiigasiwa  n^  niga  lupa,  6  sa  kinakatawan 

premises,  the  sum  of pesos  and 

niya,  sa  lugal  na  maituru,  ng  pinakaupa  sa  naturang  Inpd,  na  ang  halaga  ay  pesos  at 

centavos,  Philippine  currency,  per  annum,  and  to  pay  said  sum  in  the 

centimes,  salapi  ng  Filipinas,  sa  tuing  taon,  at  babayaran  ang"  naturang  halaga  ng 

installments  and  on  the  dates  following,  to  wit: 

upa  sa  ffiga  takdd  at  fechang  sumusunod: 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T ,  on ,  190 

sa  fig 

T , ,  on ,  190 


sa  ng 

In  further  consideration,  and  as  an  essential  condition  of  thisjease,  it  is  expressly 
Bukud  sa  rito,y  pinagkayarian,   na   parang   punung   ipinangyayari   ng  pagUupahang  it6,  na 

understood  and  agreed  that  this  lease  shall  terminate  and  expire  on  the day  of 

mali  wanag  na  naiintindihan  at  pinagkasunduan,  na  ang  naturang  paguupahan  ay  matatapus  fig 

,  A.  D.  190    ,  and  that  no  presumption  of  renewal  or  continuation  beyond  that 

at  mawawald  sa  ik^  i^  taong  190    A.  D.;  at  hindi  mapaguusapan  ang  sapantahang  buhat  sa  pagpapa- 

day  can  arise,  the  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  expressly  renouncing  and  waiving 

lagay  na  itutuluy  p4  6  bibigyan  kayd  ng  paluguit  na  panahon  na  lalampas  pS-  sa  fechang  yaon,  at 

all  rights  conferred  in  this  regard  by  the  provisions  of  article  1566  of  the  civil  code. 
ang  parteng  lumalagdd  nit6  sa  ikalawang  lugal,  sa  hinaharap  ay  maliwanag  na  tumatangui  a 

The  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  further  waives  and  renounces  any  rights  to 
bumibitiw  sa  lahat  fig  mga  matuid  at  maaaring  gawin,  na  ipinagkakaloob  sa  kanya  sa  bagay  na  it6 

notice  or  demand  for  payment  of  rent  mentioned  in  section  80  of  the  code  of  civil 

ng  mga  kautusan  ng  art.  1566  ng  codigo  civil,    Ang  parteng  lumalagdd  nit6  sa  ikalawang  lugal,  sa 

procedure,  as  well  as  all  other  periods  of  grace,  and  agrees  that  the  Director  of 
hinaharap  ay  tumatangui  at  bumibitiw  din  sa  matuid,  na  sa  bagsik  nito,  y  dapat  muna  siyang 

Lauds  may  annul  and  terminate  this  lease  should  the  party  of  the  second  part  fail 
pagsabihan  bago  mapahabld  upang  mapaalis  dahil  sa  di  pagbabayad  fig  upa,  begay  na  smasabi  sa 

or  refuse  to  pay  the  above  stipulated  rental  in  the  sums  and  at  the  times  and  place 
art.  80  ng  c6digo  de  procedimiento  civil,  at  gayon  din  naman  sa  lahat  fig  ib&  pang  mga  palugit  na 

hereinbefore  agreed  upon.     The  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  further  waives  and 
panahon,  na  maipagkakaloob  dahil  sa  pagkaawa,  at  pumapayag  na  mapawalaug  halaga  at  tapusin 

82278°— PL  Kept.  2289,  61-3 IS 


218  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

renounces  any  right  he  may  have  under  the  provisions  of  article  1554  of  the  civil 
ang  paguupahdng  it<5,  fig  Tagapaf^asiwa  fig  mga  Lupa,  kung   ang  parteng  lumalagdfi,   nit6   sa 

code  to  be  placed  or  maintained  in  peaceable  possession  of  the  premises  hereby 
ikalawang   liigal,  ay  hindi   makabayad  6  naayaw   magoayad   ng   mga   kaupahang   sa  itaas  ay. 

leased,  and  also  any  right  he  might  have  under  the  provisions  of  article  1575  of  the 
pinagkayarian  na,  sa  mga  nalagd  fecha  at  lugal  na  pinagkasunduan  na  rin.    Ang  ikalawang  parte 

civil  code  to  any  reduction  of  rent  on  account  of  any  loss  or  damage  suffered  by 
tig  sa  hinaharap  ay  tumatalikod  at  tumatangui  din  sa  alinmang  matuid,  na  mapapaukul  sa  kanya, 

reason  of  any  extraordinary  or  unforeseen  fortuitous  events. 

sa  bagsik  n^  mga  kautusan  ng  art.  1554  ng  c6digo  civil,  na  dahil  dito,  y  maaaring  siya^y  papagha- 

wakin  ng  bagay  na  inuupahan,  6  kupkupin  kayd  ang  tahimik  niyang  pakikinabang  ng  bagay  na 

yaong  inuupahan,  at  gayon  din  sa  anomang  matuid  na  maaaring  tamuhin  niya,  sa  bagsik  ng  mga 

kautusan  f^  art.  1575  fig  c6digo  civil,  tungkul  sa  pagbabab4  ng  mga  kaupahan,  dahil  sa  pagkawal4, 

<5  perhuiciong  sapitin  na  buhat  sa  anomang  mangyayaring  di  matuunan,  di  karaniwan,  6  hindi 

inaakala. 

Said  party  of  the  second  part  expressly  agrees  that  he  will  not  assign  or  transfer 
Ang  nasabmg  parteng  lumalagdd  nit6  sa  ikalawang  lugal,  ay  malinaw  na  nakikipagkayari,  na 

this  lease,  or  subrent  or  sublease  said  land,  or  any  part  thereof,  without  first  securing 
hindi  niya  ipagkakaloob  6  isasalin  ang  paguupahang  it6,  ni  pauupahan  sa  ibd  ang  naturang  lupa  o 

the  written  permission  of  said  party  of  the  first  part. 

ang  isang  bahagi  nito,  kundi  maunang  kamtam  ang  kapahintulutang  nakasulat  fig  parteng  nangu- 

nguna  sa  paglalagdd. 


In  witness  whereof  the  parties  hereto  have  hereunto  set  their  hands. 
Sa  katunayan  ng  lahat.fig  yaon;  ang  mga  parteng  naiigangailafigan  ng  kasulatang  it6  ay  pumirmd 
sa  Bariling  kamay  at  sulat. 


Director  of  Lands, 


Signed  by  the  party  of  the  second  part, 
in  the  presence  of — 


Approved: 

Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Mr.  Douglas  :  Have  you  the  copy  of  the  lease  to  E.  B.  Bruce  of 
the  19,000  hectares  in  the  Isabela  estate? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  lease  here? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Will  you  submit  that  also  to  the  committee  ? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Copy  of  the  lease  of  the  Isahela  estate  to  Edward  B.  Bruce. 

Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Friar  Lands  Division. 
Isabela  Estate,  Isahela  Province: 

special  lease  no.  1. 

This  nicniorandum  of  agreement  made  at  Manila,  Philippine  Islands,  this  6th 
day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910,  between  O.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  i)arty  of  the  first  part,  and  Edward  B.  Bruce,  of  Manila,  party  of  the 
second  part : 

Witnesseth :  That  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  two  hundred  pesos 
(^200.00)  in  hand  paid  by  said  second  party  to  said  first  party,  receipt  whereof 
is  hereby  acknowledged,  and  of  the  covenants  and  agreements  hereinafter  men- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  219 

tioned  to  be  kept  and  performed  by  said  second  party,  said  first  party  has  de- 
mised and  leased  to  said  second  party  those  certain  parcels  or  tracts  of  land, 
situated  within  and  forming  a  part  of  the  Isabela  friar-lands  estate,  in  the 
Province  of  Isabela,  Island  of  Luzon,  Philippine  Islands,  according  to  the  plats 
of  the  official  surveys  of  said  estate  now  on  file  and  of  record  in  the  office  of 
the  bureau  of  lands  at  Manila,  to  wit: 

Lots  numbered  4,  5,  6,  9,  13,  15,  16,  24,  26,  28,  30,  31,  41,  43,  45,  46,  48,  49,  52, 
53,  55,  57,  58,  60,  61,  63,  64,  65,  68,  75,  76,  77,  78,  79,  82,  83,  86,  101,  102,  103, 
104.  108,  109,  110,  112,  314,  115,  116,  117,  118,  119,  122,  123,  125,  126,  127,  328, 
129,  130,  131,  132,  133,  134,  135,  136,  137,  138,  139,  140,  141,  142,  143,  144,  145, 
146,  147,  148,  149,  150,  151,  152,  353,  154,  155,  156,  157,  158,  159,  160,  161,  162, 
163,  164,  165,  166,  167,  169,  173,  175,  177,  178,  179,  180,  181,  182,  183,  184,  385, 
186,  187,  188,  189,  190,  191,  192,  193,  194,  195,  196,  197,  198,  199,  200,  206,  207, 
208,  209,  216,  222,  226,  227,  228,  229.  230,  231,  232,  234,  235,  236,  237,  238,  239, 
240,  241,  242,  243,  244,  245,  246,  247,  248,  249,  250,  253,  252,  253,  254,  and  255, 
and  containing  an  area  of  19,448  hectares  35  ares  and  44  centares,  more  or  less. 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  parcels  or  tracts  with  the  appurtenances  there- 
unto of  right  belonging  unto  the  said  second  party,  for  a  term  of  one  (1)  year, 
dating  from  the  first  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910,  until  the  thirty-first  day  of 
December,  A.  D.  1910,  both  dates  inclusive. 

(1)  It  is  mutually  covenanted  and  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties  hereto, 
that  if,  on  or  before  the  expiration  of  said  term  of  one  (1)  year,  said  second 
party  shall  elect  to  purchase  the  premises  herein  leased,  said  first  party  on 
behalf  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  will  sell  and  convey  by 
good  and  sufficient  deed  the  absolute  title  in  and  to  said  premises;  and  the 
execution  and  delivery  of  said  deed  of  conveyance  from  the  Government  of  the 
Philii)pine  Islands  to  said  second  party  shall  be  effected  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  the  friar  lands  act  as  amended :  Provided,  however,  That  this  op- 
tion to  purchase  shall  terminate  upon  the  thirty-first  day  of  December,  1910, 
the  date  of  expiration  of  this  agreement. 

(2)  It  is  further  agreed  that  the  consideration  for  said  sale  and  conveyance 
of  the  premises  herein  leased,  should  said  second  party  elect  to  purchase  same, 
shall  be  the  sum  of  four  hundred  twenty-two  thousand  five  hundred  pesos 
(?=422, 500.00),  currency  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  together  with  interest  thereon 
at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4%)  per  annum  from  and  including  the  first 
day  of  January,  1910;  and  the  payment  of  said  purchase  price  or  installments 
thereof,  together  with  all  interests  accruing  thereon,  shall  be  made  in  accord- 
ance with  the  provisions  of  said  friar  lands  act  as  amended. 

(3)  It  is  further  agreed  that  said  second  party,  at  his  sole  expense,  shall 
cause  an  immediate  examination  of  said  premises  to  be  made  by  a  competent 
soil  and  agricultural  expert,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  quality  of  the 
soil  and  such  other  conditions,  circumstances,  and  considerations  as  may  affect 
the  value  of  said  premises  for  agricultural  purposes,  and  shall  cause  a  true  re- 
port to  be  prepared  of  the  result  of  said  examination  and  investigation ;  and 
should  said  second  party  fail  to  exercise  his  option  to  purchase  as  herein 
granted,  he  will  deliver  to  said  first  party  upon  the  date  of  the  expiration  of 
this  agreement,  free  of  all  expense  or  charge,  the  said  report,  together  with  all 
statistics  and  data  prepared  and  submitted  by  said  soil  and  agricultural  expert 
in  the  course  of  his  examination  of  said  premises. 

And  said  first  party  hereby  certifies  that  all  of  the  provisions  of  section  11  of 
act  No.  1120,  as  amended,  relative  to  the  leasing  of  vacant  lands  under  section 
9  of  said  act,  as  amended,  have  been  complied  with.  This  lease  and  the  option 
to  purchase  herein  granted  may  be  assigned  by  said  second  party. 

In  testimony  whereof  the  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  at  the 
place  and  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  of  Lands,  Party  of  the  First  Part. 
Edward    B.    Bruce, 
Party  of  the  Second  Part, 
Witnesses : 

C.  D.  Behrens. 
C.  W.  Rheberg. 

Approved  this  21st  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910. 
Dean  C.  Worcester,  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Certified  copy: 

C.  H.  Sleepeb,  Director  of  La^tds. 


220 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 
COPY  OF  SALE  CERTIFICATE,    FRIAR  LANDS. 


O 


Q 
< 

w. 


Name 

Lot ,  Sheet ,  Section 

Class, 

Area, H A 0. 

Credit  from  Lease  No 


Barrio  of 


.,  estate. 


Percentage, 

Appraised  value,  F'. 
Amount  credited,  T^. 


Sale  effective  from Sale  value, 


T. 


Interest  at  4  per  cent  from First  installment,  P= . 

annual  installments installments  at  T' . 


Department  of  the  Interior. 

Departamento  de  lo  Interior. 

Bureau  of  Lands. 
Oficina  de  Terrenos. 

friar  lands  division. 

DEVISI6N  de  las  haciendas  de  LOS  FRAILES. 


Estate. 
Hacienda. 

Province. 
Provincia. 


Sale  Certificate  No.  . 
Ccrtificado  de  venta  No. 


1,  C.  H.  Sleeper,  director  of  lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government 

Yo,  C.  H.  Sleeper,  director  de  terrenos,  en  nombre  y  representaci6n  del  Gobierno  de  las  Islas 

of  the  Philipine  Islands,  vendor,  pursuant  to  authority  conferred  upon  me  by  the 
Filipinas,  vendedor,  de  acuerdo  con  la  autorizaci6n  que  me  confieren  las  disposiciones  de  la  ley  de 

provisions  of  the  friar  lands  act,  No.  1120,  hereby  certify  that  said  Government  of 

las  haciendas  de  los  frailes,  No.  1120,  certifico  que  dicho  Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas  ha  convenido 

the  Philippines  Islands  has  this day  of agreed  to  sell  to vendee, 

hoy  dia  de en  vender  k comprador 

a  resident  of  the  municipality  of Province  of Philippine  Islands,  that 

residente  del  muiiicipio  de  Provincia  de  Islas  Filipinas,  el  troz  6  par- 

certain  tract  of  parcel  of  land,  situated  in  the  municipality  of Province  of 

cela  de  terreno  situado  en  el  municiivio  de  Provincia  de 

known  and  designated  as  lot  No of  said  estate,  and  containing  an  area  of 

conocido  y  designado  como  Lote  No.  de  dicha  hacienda,  comprensivo  de  un  ^rea  de 

hectares, ares,  and centares. 

hect^reas Creasy centdreas. 

The  official  maps  and  records  of  technical  descriptions  of  surveys  and  boundaries 
El  piano  oficial  y  los  antecedentes  de  las  descripciones  t^cnicas  de  las  mediciones  y  limites  de 

of  said  lot  are  on  record  in  the  bureau  of  lands  and  the  court  of  land  registration, 
dicho  lote  obran  en  la  oficina  de  terrenos,  y  en  el  tribunal  del  registro  de  la  propiedad,  Manila, 

Manila,  P.  L,  and  in  the  office  of  the  register  of  deeds  for  said  Province. 
I.  F,,  y  en  la  oficina  del  registrador  de  titulos  de  la  mencionada  Provincia. 

In  consideration  of  this  agreement  by  said  vendor  to  sell,  said  vendee  hereby  agrees 
En  consideraci6n  i  este  convenio  de  vender  por  parte  del  vendedor  dicho  comprador  se  compro- 


ifDMINISTRATIOISr   GF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  221 

to  pay  as  the  purchase  price  for  said  land,  to  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
mete  t  pagar  como  precio  de  compra  por  el  referido  terreno,  el  Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas,  la 

Islands,  the  sum  of pesos  and centavos  (? ),  Philippine  cur- 

cantldad  de pesos  y centavos  en  moneda  filipina,  valor  convenidb  de  dicho  terreno  el 

renc)^,  the  agreed  value  of  said  land  on  the  first  day  of ,  from  which  date  said 

dla  primero  de    desde  cuya  fecha  entra  en  vigor  dicha  venta;  ypor  la  presente  se  acreditan  k 

sale  becomes  effective;  and  there  are  hereby  credited  upon  said  purchase  price  the 
dicho  precio  de  compra  las  rentas  pagadas  por  dicho  comprador  por  virtud  del  arrendamiento  pro- 
rentals  paid  by  said  vendee  upon  temporary  lease  No for  which  receipts  have 

visional  No 'por  las  cuales  se  han  expedido  antes  de  ahora  recibos  al  repetido  comprador,  por 

heretofore  been  issued  to  said  vendee,  to  the  amount  of pesos  and cen- 

valor  de pesos  y centavos quedando  un  saldo  sin  pagar  sobre  dicho  precio  de 

tavos  (^^ ),  leaving  a  balance  unpaid  on  said  purchase  price  of pesos 

compra  de pesos  y centavos cuyo  saldo  se  obliga  el  comprador  por  la  presente  & 

and centavos  (?" ),  which  balance  said  vendee  hereby  binds  himself 

to  pay  in annual  installments,  to  wit: 

pagar  en plazos  anuales,  d  saber: 

Said  vendee  shall  pay pesos  and centavos  ( ^ ) ,  on  the  first 

Dicho  comprador  pagara pesos  y centavos el  dia  primero  de pesos  y 

day  of and pesos  and centavos  (?^ ) ,  on  the  first  day  of 

y pesos  y centavos el  dia  primero  de 


and  the  unpaid  balance  of  the  purchase  price,  as  aforesaid,  shall  then  be  paid 

y  el  saldo  no  pagado  del  precio  de  compra,  como  queda  dicho,  se  pagar^  entonces 

in   equal   annual  installments  of  pesos  and  centavos 

en plazos anuales  iguales  de pesos  y centavos 

(P^ ),  each,  on  the  first  day  of of  each  succeeding  year  until  the  entire 

cada  uno,  el  dia  primero  de cada  alio  siguiente  hasta  que  hay  a  sido  pagado 

purchase  price  has  been  paid, 
todo  el  precio  de  compra. 

Said  purchase  price  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4  % )  per 
Dicho  precio  de  compra  devengard  interns  d  raz6n  del  cuatro  por  ciento  (4%)  anual,  desde 

annum,  from  and  including  the  first  day  of ,  and  each  and  every  unpaid 

el  dia  primero  de ,  inclusive,  y  todos  y  cada  uno  de  los 

balance  thereof  likewise  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4%) 
saldos  no  pagados  del  mismo  devengar^n  igualmente  intends  ^  raz6n  del  cuatro  por  ciento  (4%) 

per  annum,  from  and  including  the  day  next  succeeding  the  date  upon  which    the 
anual,  desde  el  dia  inmediato  siguiente  A  la  fecha  en  que  el  ultimo  plazo 

last  preceding    annual  installment  of  said   purchase  price,  together  with 

anual  inmediato  anterior  de  dicho  precio  de  compra,  juntamente  con  el  interns  acumulado 

accrued  interest  thereon  was  paid;   and  each  of  said annual  inotallments, 

sobre  el  mismo,  fuera  pagado;  y  cada  uno  de  dichos  plazos anuales,  juntamento  con 

together  with  accrued  interest,  shall  be  payable  to  the  director  of  lands,  or  his 
el  interns  acumulado, serd  pagadero  al  director  de  terrenos  6  d  su  agente  debida- 

duly  authorized  agent,  at  his  office  in  the  municipality  of as  hereinbefore  set 

mente  autorizado,  en  su  oficina  en  el  municipio  de como  antes  se  hizo  cons- 

forth,  the  right  to  a  demand  therefor  being  hereby  waived  by  said  vendee, 
tar,  renunciando  por  la  presente  el  comprador  al  derecho  d  ser  demandado  por  ello. 

Upon  completion  of  the  payment  of  the  purchase  price,  as  hereinbefore  stated, 
Una  vez  complete  el  pago  del  precio  de  compra,  como  queda  dicho,  juntamente  con  todo  el  interns 

together  with  all  accrued  interest,  said  vendor  will  convey  said  land,  by  proper  in- 
acumulado.  se  transmitiri  dicho  terreno  al  referido  comprador  *por  la  debida 

strument  of  conveyance,  which  will  be  issued  and  become  effective  in  the  manner 
escritura  de  transmision,  que  serfi,  otorgada  y  entrar^  en  vigor  de  la  manera  dia- 


222  ADMIKISTRATION   OF  PHlLlPPlKB  LAKDi. 

provided  in  section  122  of  the  land  registration  act  No.  496,  to  s^id  vendee,  or 
puesta  en  el  artlculo  122  de  la  ley  del  registro  de  la  propiedad,  No.  496,  &  favor  de  dicho    comprador, 

his  heirs  or  assignees. 

6  de  sus  hepederos  6  cesionarios. 

The  signing  of  this  certificate  by  said  vendee  shall  constitute  an  acceptance  of  all 

La  firma  de  este  certificado  por  el  referido  comprador  constituird  su  aceptaci6n  de  todas  las  clAu- 

of  the  terms  and  conditions  hereof,  and  if  said  vendee  should  fail  or  neglect  to  make 
sulas  y  condiciones  del  mismo,  y  si  el  meneioiiado  comparado  dejase  de  pagar  6  aban- 

any  payment  as  herein  provided,  the  director  of  lands  shall  proceed  to  enforce 
donase  hacer  cualquler  pago  como  aqui  se  dispone,  el  director  de  terrenes  procederd  &  hacer  efectivo 

said  payment  and  the  lien  of  said  vendor,  as  provided  in  section  17  of  act  No.  1120. 

el  cobro  y  el  derecho  pref erente  de  dicho  vendedor,  como  dispone  el  articulo    17  de  la  ley  No.  1120. 

Thi  scertificate,  and  the  rights  hereunder  conferred,  shall  be  transferable  only 
Este  certificado,  y  los  derechos  que  confiere  s61o  seran  transferibles  cuando  se  haya  previamente 

after  the  written  consent  of  the  director  of  lands  thereto  shall  have  been  first  had 
obtenido  el  consentimiento  por  escrito  del  director  de  terrenos  para  hacer  la  transferencia. 

and  obtained. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  at  the  bureau  of  lands  in  the 

En  testimonio  de  lo  cual,  lo  firmo  do  mi  pufio  y  letra  en  la  oficina  de  terrenos  en  la  ciudad  de 

city  of  Manila  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 
Manila  en  la  f  echa  arriba  expresada. 

Director  of  Lands. 

Director  de  Terrenos, 
Approved: 
Aprobado: 

............. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Secretario  de  lo  Interior. 

Receipt  for  sale  certificate: 
Recibo  del  certificado  de  venta: 


(Municipality  and  Province.)  (Date.) 

(Municipio  y  Provincia.)  (Fecha.) 

I, ,  vendee,  hereby  agree  to  accept  all  terms  and  conditions,  as  established 

Yo ,  comprador,  acepto  todas  las  cl^usulas  y  condiciones  puestas 

by  the  director  of  lands,  in  the  foregoing  sale  certificate,  the  receipt  whereof  is 
por  el  director  de  terrenos  en  el  precedente  certificado  de  venta,  del  que  por  la  presente 

hereby  acknowledged, 
acuso  recibo. 


Vendee. 
Comprador. 


Conditions  of  certificate  accepted,  and  receipt  signed,  in  the  presence  of 
Las  condiciones  del  certificado  fueron  aceptadas,  y  el  recibo  firmado  en  presencia  de 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  223 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  the  same  connection  will  you  also  submit  a  copy 
of  the  lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter  for  the  land  that  he  leased  in  the  Tala 
estate  ? 

The  Chairman.  I  thought  we  would  just  confine  the  examination 
now  to  the  one  branch  of  the  subject. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  am  not  going  into  them  at  all.  I  merely  wanted 
to  get  the  information. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Carpenter  has  a  large  number  of  leases  and  we 
have  copies  of  them  all. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Also  copy  of  the  lease  to  Mr.  Thayer  in  the  Calamba 
estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

COPY   OF  LEASE   TO  FEANK   W.    CARPENTER. 

This  agreement  made  and  entered  into  in  dupUcate,  at  the  city  of  Manila,  on 
this,  the  20th  day  of  April,  A.  D.  1908,  by  and  between  C.  H.  Sleeper,  in  hia 
capacity  as  director  of  lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands,  pursuant  to  authority  conferred  upon  him  by  Friar  Lands 
Act  No.  1120,  married,  with  cedula  numbered  1,300,000,  dated  Manila,  P.  I., 
January  13,  1908,  hereinafter  referred  to  as  party  of  the  first  part;  and  Frank 
W.  Carpenter,  married,  with  cedula  numbered  1,309,214  F,  dated  Manila,  P.  I., 
February  10,  1908,  hereinafter  referred  to  as  party  of  the  second  part : 

Witnesseth,  That  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  promise  of  said  party  of  the 
second  part,  to  take  in  lease,  under  certain  terms  and  conditions  hereinafter 
enumerated,  any  and  all  unoccupied  tracts  of  land,  or  tracts  which  may  here- 
after be  vacated  by  the  present  occupants  thereof,  which  belong  to  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  constitute  the  property  more  specifically 
known  and  designated  as  the  "  Tala  estate,"  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereby 
agrees  to  reserve  from  lease  or  sale  to  any  person  or  persons  other  than  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  said  unoccupied  and  vacated  lands  of  said  estate,  and 
to  hold  said  lands  for  the  exclusive  uses  and  purposes  of  said  party  of  the 
second  part. 

I.  It  is  mutually  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties  hereto  that  said  parties 
shall  execute  leases  for  terms  of  three  years  each,  on  tracts  of  not  less  than 
300  hectares  in  extent,  at  the  annual  rental  of  thirty  centavos  per  hectare: 
Provided,  That  no  crop  has  been  harvested  during  the  year,  or  at  the  annual 
rental  of  one  peso  and  fifty  centavos  per  hectare  for  all  lands  which  produce  a 
crop ;  the  w^ord  "  crop  "  being  construed  to  mean  a  marketable  crop  harvested 
from  the  leased  or  occupied  lands,  which  shall  net  the  owner  a  minimum  of 
tw^enty  pesos  per  hectare,  but  the  word  "  crop  "  shall  not  be  construed  to  include 
that  which  may  be  planted  for  the  purpose  of  preventing  the  grouth  of  cogon, 
or  other  vegetation  which  may  become  injurious  to  a  long-term  crop.  It  is 
further  agreed  that  said  party  of  the  second  j^art  shall  lease  as  a  minimum  the 
following  areas: 

Hectares. 

First  year 300 

Second  year 900 

Third   year 1,  500 

and  500  hectares  per  year  additional  thereafter  until  all  of  the  available  lands 
on  said  estate  have  been  leased. 

II.  It  is  further  agreed  that  in  case  application  is  made  by  other  parties  than 
said  party  of  the  second  part  to  lease  or  purchase  any  of  said  reserved  lands  of 
said  estate,  not  actually  held  in  lease  by  said  party  of  the  second  part,  it  will 
be  incumbent  upon  said  party  of  the  second  part  immediately  to  execute  a  lease 
or  leases  covering  said  lands,  at  rates  applicable  to  other  tracts  for  which  leases 
have  been  executed,  as  provided  in  the  first  clause  of  this  agreement :  Provided, 
however,  That  in  case  of  the  neglect  or  refusal  of  said  party  of  the  second  part 
to  execute  said  leases,  said  lands  may  then  be  leased  or  sold  at  the  discretion  of 
said  party  of  the  first  part  in  the  manner  provided  by  law. 

III.  It  is  further  agreed  that  said  party  of  the  first  part  hereby  grants  to 
said  party  of  the  second  part  the  preference  right  to  lease  any  lands  of  said 


224  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

estate  now  occupied  or  leased  which  in  future  may  be  abandoned  or  vacated  by 
the  present  occupants  thereof :  Provided,  however,  That  said  party  of  the 
second  part  shall  lease  said  lands  at  the  rate  paid  by  former  lessees  immediately 
upon  notification  in  writing  by  said  party  of  the  first  part  so  to  do,  and  should 
said  party  of  the  second  part  fail  or  neglect  to  lease  said  lands,  as  herein 
provided,  then  said  party  of  the  first  part  shall  have  the  right  to  dispose  of 
said  lands  in  accordance  with  the  proviso  of  the  second  clause  of  this  agree- 
ment. 

IV.  It  Is  further  agreed  that  said  party  of  the  second  part  shall  cultivate 
two  hundred  hectares  during  the  first  year  of  lease,  six  hundred  hectares  the 
second  year,  one  thousand  hectares  the  third  year,  and  five  hundred  hectares 
per  year  thereafter,  until  the  entire  area  occupied  and  leased  by  him  is  under 
cultivation ;  and  for  the  purposes  of  this  agreement,  the  grazing  of  cattle  shall 
be  considered  as  cultivation :  Provided,  however.  That  any  tract  of  land  not 
susceptible  to  cultivation  shall  be  excluded  from  the  provisions  of  this  clause. 

V.  It  is  further  agreed  that  if  the  Legislature  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
shall  amend  the  friar-lands  act  by  making  provisions  for  the  sale  of  large 
tracts  of  the  friar  lands  to  persons  not  actual  and  bona  fide  occupants  as 
defined  therein,  upon  the  same  terms  and  conditions  as  those  providing  for 
the  sale  to  actual  and  bona  fide  occupants  that  said  party  of  the  second  part 
will  buy,  and  said  party  of  the  first  part  will  sell,  the  lands  covered  by  the 
terms  of  this  agreement :  Provided,  however.  That  in  case  said  friar-lands 
act  is  not  amended  as  specified,  then  said  party  of  the  first  part  shall  continue 
to  lease  said  lands  to  said  party  of  the  second  part,  if  requested  to  do  so,  and, 
if  not  so  requested,  he  shall  then  proceed  to  lease  or  sell  said  lands  in  the 
manner  provided  by  law. 

VI.  It  is  further  agreed  that  the  said  party  of  the  second  part  shall  keep 
trespassers  from  occupying  any  portion  of  said  lands  which  are  hereby  reserved 
for  him,  and  to  advise  said  party  of  the  first  part  at  the  end  of  each  calendar 
year  of  the  area  occupied  and  cultivated  by  him  or  his  agents. 

VII.  It  is  further  agreed  that  all  rents  which  shall  become  due  upon  leases 
executed  under  the  provisions  of  this  agreement  shall  be  paid  annually  before 
the  expiration  of  the  lease  year,  at  the  office  of  the  agent  of  the  Tala  estate,  or 
at  the  office  of  the  party  of  the  first  part,  in  the  city  of  Manila. 

VIII.  It  is  further  agreed  that  said  party  of  the  second  part  shall  have  a  right 
to  subrent  or  sublease  any  or  all  lands  which  are  leased  to  him :  Provided,  how- 
ever, That  the  conditions  of  said  sublease  shall  not  be  repugnant  to  the  terms  of 
the  leases  held  by  said  party  of  the  second  part. 

IX.  It  is  further  agreed  that  in  the  event  of  war  or  insurrection  or  dis- 
turbance of  the  public  order  which  may  prevent  the  continued  development  work 
by  said  party  of  the  second  part  upon  the  lands  held  by  him  in  lease,  the  obliga- 
tions of  the  said  party  of  the  second  part  to  the  Government  for  the-  year  in 
which  the  disorder  or  disturbance  occurs  shall  be  canceled  upon  the  submission 
to  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  of  reasonable  evidence  of  the  fact. 

X.  Is  is  further  agreed  that  said  party  of  the  first  part  will,  in  his  ofl5cial 
capacity,  endeavor  to  obtain  on  the  Tala  estate  adequate  police  protection  and  to 
secure  all  possible  assistance  from  the  Government  for  the  construction  of  high- 
ways and  bridges  on  and  to  the  lands  of  said  estate. 

In  witness  whereof  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  upon  the  date 
and  at  the  place  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 
Frank  W.  Carpenteb. 


ADMINISTRATION   OP  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


225 


SAMPLE  OF  LEASES   ENTERED   INTO   WITH   MR.  A.  F.  THAYER. 
B.  L.  Form  No.  26  (A). 


o 

O 
H 


Name, 

Thayer,  A.  F. 

Barrio,  Nueva  Si 

.,  436 

,  Malate,  Manila. 

Lot 

felieet 

Section 

Calamba  Estate. 

Area,  406  H.  11  A.  ;^0  C. 

Class,  Unirrigated 

Percentage, 

Rental 

,  T4S7.33  Payable  September  2,  1910. 

Effective  from  April  1,  1910,  to  September  SO, 

1910. 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

_ 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 

- 

T 

Lease 

Parcel 

Credits,     - 
Total  Credits,     - 

- 

T 

T 

Department  of  the  Interior. 
Departamento  de  lo  Interior. 

Bureau  of  Lands. 
Oficina  de  Terrenos. 

Friar  Lands  Division. 
Divisi6n  de  los  Terrenos  de  los  Frailks. 


Temrorary  Lease  No.  2172. 
Arrendamiento  provisional  No. 


Calamba  Estate, 
Hacienda. 

Laguna    Province. 
Provincia. 

This  indenture,  made  in  duplicate,  this  2d  day   of  April,  1910,  between  C.  H. 
Esta  escritura  heclia  por  duplicado,        hoy  dla  de  entre  C.  H. 

Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands,  acting  for  and   on  behalf  of  the  Government  of  the 
Sleeper,  Director  de  Terrenos,  en  nombre  del  Gobierno  de  las 

Philippine  Islands,  as  authorized  by  the  provisions  of  the  Friar  Lands  Act  No. 
Islas    Filipinas,    segun    autorizan    las   disposiciones"  de    la  Ley  de  los  Terrenos  de    los   Frailes 

1120,   as  Lessor;    and  A.    F.    Thayer,  a  resident  of  the  Municipality  of  Manilay 
No.  1120,  como  Arrendador;  y  residente  del  Municipio  de 

Province  of  Manila,  as  Lessee: 
Provincia  de  como  Arrendatario: 

Witnesseth,  that  said  Lessor,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  rents,  covenants, 
Hace  constar,  que  dicho  Arrendador,  en  consideracion  de  las  rentas,  pactos 

and  conditions  hereinafter  stated,  and  hereby  agreed  to  be  paid,   observed,  and 
y  condiciones   nds   andelante    expresados,   y  que   por  la  presente    conviene   pagar,  observar    y 

performed  by  said  Lessee,  does  hereby  lease,  let,  and  demise  unto  the  said  Lessee 
cumplir  dicJio  Arrendatario,  arrienda,  cede  y  traspasa  &  dicho  Arrendatario 

that  certain  tract  or   parcel   of   land,    situate   in   the   municipality   of   Calamba, 
la  parcela  de  terreno  situada  en  el  municipio  de 

Province  of  Laguna,  known  and  designated  as  Lot  No. 
Provincia  de  conocida  y  designada  como  Lote  No. 


226 


ADMINISTRATION   OS'  PHILIPPINE  lANDS. 


.    LotsNos. 

Sheet  No. 

Section  No. 

1997 

59-58 

10-11-12-2-3 

(M 

1999 

59 

5._6-7-9-10-ll 

6 

2000 

55-59 

1  5  3  4  7  8  11 

"^ 

2776 

59 

1-2-5-6 

a 

2777 

59-60 

3-3-7-8 

m 

2858 

59-54-60-55 

3-4-9-8-9-1 

2859 

59-60 

2-4-5-6-7-8-9 

S 

2860 

54-60 

1-5-3-5-6 

2861 

54-60 

1-5-6-9 

t 

2869 

54-53 

1-2-9-10 

g 

2872 

53 

5-6-9-10 

2873 

53 

6-7-10-11 

2868 

60-53-61-54 

3-9-4-1 

of  said  estate,  and   containing  an   area  of   406  H.  11   A.  20   C,  in   accordance 

de  dicha  Hacienda,  y  que  contiene  uii  drea  de  •  de  acuerdo 

with   the   official   maps    and    records   of   technical   descriptions   of   surveys   and 
con  las  mapas  oficiales  y  registros  de  las  descripciones  t^cnicas  de  las  mediciones  y 

boundaries  of  said  lot,  which  are  on  record  in  the  office  of  the  Lessor  in  the  Bureau 
limites  de  dicha  parcela,  que  obran  en  la  oficina  del  Arrendador  en  la  Oficina 

of  Lands  at  Manila, 
de  Terrenos  en  Manila. 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  above-described  lot,  with  the  appurtenances  thereunto 
Para   que   tenga    y   posea    la   parcela    arriba   descrita,    con  todas   las   pertenencias   que   de 

of  right  belonging,  unto  said  Lessee,   for  a  term  of  six  months^   dating  from  the 
derecho  le  corresponda,  dicho  Arrendatario,  por  un  t^rmino  de  desde  el 

first  day  of  Aprils  1910,  until  the  last  day  of  September,  1910. 
dia  l.o  de  hasta  el  liltimo  dia  de 

In  consideration   whereof,    and    recognizing   said    lot  as  the   property  of    the 
En  consideraci6n  4  lo  cual,  y  reconociendo  dicho   lote  como  propiedad  del  Gobierno  de  las 

Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  said  Lessee  hereby  agrees  to  pay  annually 
Islas  Filipinas,  dicho  Arrendatario  se  compromete  por  la  presente  d  pagar  anualmente 

as  rental  therefor,  to  said  Lessor,   or  his  duly  authorized  representative  at  such 
como  renta  del  mismo,  d  dicho  Arrendador,  6  d  su  representante  debidamente  autorizado,  en  el 

place  as  said   Lessor  may   designate,   the  sum   of  four  hundred  eighty-seven  pesos 
lugar  que  el  repetido  Arrendador  designe,  la  cantidad  de 

and  thirty-three  centavos  {T' 487, 33),    in  one  equal  installments,    on   or  before   the 

en  plazos  iguales,  el  dia  l.o 

first  day   of    September,  during    the  term  of    this   lease:   Provided,   however,    That 
de   6   antes,  mientras  dure  este  arrendamiento:    Entendiendose,    sin   embargo 

if  said  lessee  so  elects,  the   total  annual  rental  may  be  paid  on   or  before  the 
Que  si  dicho  Arrendatario  lo  eligiese,  toda  la  renta  anual  puede  ser  pagada  en  la 

date  first  stated,    during  each    year   of    said    term:    And  provided  further.    That 
fecha  iftrimero  menclonada,  6  antes,  durante  cada  aflo  de  dicho  t^rmino;   y  entendi<5ndose, 

upon  default  of   said   Lessee  in  the   payment  of    any  such   first  installment  of 
de  mtis  que  al  dejar  dicho  Arrendatario  de  pagar  cualquiera  de*dichos  primeros  plazos  de 

rental   as  aforesaid,   the  total    annual  rental  shall  thereupon   become    due  and 
renta  como  queda  dicho,  toda  la  renta  anual  vencerd  y  serd  pagadera  acto  seguido. 

payable. 

In    further  consideration,   and    as  an  essential    condition    of    this    lease,   said 
En  consideraci6n  ademds,  y  como  condici6n  esencial  de  este  arrendamiento,  dicho 

Lessee    does    hereby  waive    and    renounce    his    right,   under    the  provisions    of 
Arrendatario  renuncia  per  la  presente  su  derecho  con  arreglo  &  las  disposiciones  del 


-^%  s  \'\* 


ADMINISTBATIQN   0¥  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  227 

Section  80  of  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  to  notice  or  demand  for  payment  of 
artlculo  80  del  C6digo  de  Procedimiento  Civil  de  ser  notiflcado  6  demandado  para  el  pago  de 

rentals  due,   likewise  waiving  and  renouncing  any  right  which   he  might  have 
las  rentas  debidas,  renunciando  de  igual  modo  cualquier  derecho  que  pudiera  tener 

under  the  provisions  of  Article  1575  of  the  Civil  Code  to  a  reduction  of  rental 
por  virtud  de  las  disposiciones  del  artlculo  1575  del  C6digo  Civil  ^  una  reducci6n  de  la  renta 

on  account  of  loss  or  damage  suffered   by  reason  of  any  and  all  extraordinary 
por  raz6n  de  p^rdida  6  danos  sufridos  por  causa  de  casos  fortuitos  extraordinarios 

or  unforeseen    fortuitous  events.     Said    Lessee  agrees  that    he  shall    not  sublet 
6  imprevistos.    Dicho  Arrendatario  se  compromete  ^  no  subarrendar 

or  sublease  said    lot,   or   any   part  or    parts  thereof,   nor    shall    he  transfer    or 
el  referido  lote  ni  ninguna  parte  del  mismo,  d  no  transferir 

assign    this   lease,    without    first    having    secured    the    written    consent    of    said 
este  arreDdamiento  sin  obtener  previamente  el  consentimiento  por  escrito  del 

Lessor,   and    that    he    shall    not    commit    any    waste    nor    permit    any    trespass 
Arrendador,  y  4  no  cometer  ning\in  destrozo  ni  permitir  ninguna  invasidn 

upon  said  lot,  but  that  he  shall  report  immediately  to  said  Lessor  any  trespass 
de  dicho  lote,  y  d  dar  cuenta  inmediatamente  al  Arrendador  de  cualquier  invasi6n 

or  attempted  trespass    thereon,    or  any   action  of    any   person  or  persons  upon 
6  tentativa  de  invasidn  del  mismo  y  de  cualquier  acto  de  cualesquier  personas 

any  adjacent  property,  which  might  result  in  injury  or  damage  to  said  lot. 
en  propiedad  adyacente  que  pueda  dar  por  resultado  el  dafio  6  perjuicio  de  dicho  lote. 

Said  Lessee  further  agrees  that  upon  the  expiration  of  the  term  hereinabove 
Dicho  arrendatario  conviene  ademds,   que  d  la  expiraci6n  del  plazo  antes 

stated,  or  upon  the  default  of  said  Lessee  in  the  performance  of  any  of  the  condi- 
designado,  6  al  faltar  dicho  Arrendatario  al    cumplimiento  de   cualquiera   de    las   condiciones 

tions  hereof,  said  Lessor  may  terminate  this  lease;  and  that  upon  its  termination 
de  este  contrato,   el  referido  Arrendador  podrd  dar  por  terminado  este  arrendamiento;    y  que 

for  such  defaults,  said  Lessee  shall  vacate  said  lot  immediately:    Provided,   how- 
A   la  terminaci6n    de   este    por    dicha    falta,  el   repetido   Arrendatario    dejard   inmediatamente 

ever,  That  any  sum  or  sums  of  money  due  by  said  Lessee  to  the  Government  of  the 
desocupado    dicho    lote:    Eritendiendose,    sin    embargo,    Que    cualesquier   cantidades    de    dinero 

Philippine  Islands,  for  rental  accruing   upon  this  lease,   or  for  damages  arising; 
que   dicho    Arrendatario   deba   al    Gobierno  de  las  Mas  Filipinas  por   concepto   de   rentas   de 

from  any  breach  of  the  conditions  hereof,    shall  be  at  all  times  a    valid   first 
Micho  arrendamiento,  6  por  daiios  provenientes  de  cualquier  infracci6n  de  las  condiciones   de 

lien  upon   all  buildings,    fixtures,    and   other  property   belonging  to  said   Lessee 
este  contrato,  serd  siempre  un    primer  gravamen  vdlido  sobre  todos  los  edificios,  instalaciones 

and  situated  upon  said  lot,  and  if,  upon  the  termination  of  this  lease  on  account 
y  demds  propiedad  perteneciente  al  repetido  Arrendatario    que    est6n   situados   en   dicho   lote, 

of  such  default  of  said  Lessee,  as  aforesaid,  there  remains  due  to  said  Govern- 
y   si,    d   la   terminaci6n   de   este   arrendamiento    por    raz6n    de    dicha   falta   del  .mencionado 

ment  of  the  Philippine  Islands  any  sum  or  sums  of  money,  whether  for  rental 
Arrendatario,    como    queda    dicho,    restan     cualesquier    sumas    de    dinero     debidas    d     dicho 

or  otherwise,  as  aforesaid,  said  Lessee  shall  net  remove  said  property  from  said 
Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas,  sea  por  concepto  de   renta  6  por  otro   concepto,  como   queda 

lot  without  first    having    satisfied  such    indebtedness,    or    without    first    having 
expresado,    dicho   Arrendatario   no    retirard   la   mencionada    propiedad    del    repetido    lote   sin 

secured  the  written  consent  of  said  Lessor  to  so  remove  said  property :  And  pro- 
haber   previamente   satisfecho   semejante   deuda,   6   sin    haber    obtenido    previamente   el   con- 

vided  further,  That  if  such  property  has  not  been  removed  from  said  lot  at  the 
sentlmiento    por    escrito    del   repetido    Arrendador     para   retirarla :    Y  entendiendose,    ademds, 

expiration  of  thirty  days  from  the  date  of  said  termination  for  default,  then 
Que  si  dicha  propiedad  uo  ha  sido   rctirada   de  dicho  lote   d  la   expiracidn  de    treinta  dias 


228  ABMIKISTEATION   OP  PHILIPPIKE  LANDS. 

it  shall  be  considered  that  said  lessee  has  relinquished  and  abandoned  all  right, 
desde   la   fecha   de   la   termmaci6n   del    contrato   por   incumplimlento,   se    considerarA   que   el 

title,  and  interest  in  and  to  said  property,  and  said  lessor  may  enter  upon  said 
mencionado    Arrendatario    ha   abandonado  todo  derecho,    titulo  6   interns   sobre   la   propiedad 

lot   and    take  possession    thereof,    and   likewise    of    said    property,   by  right    of 
repetida,  y  al  Arrendador  podr^  entrar  en  dicho  lote  y  tomar  posesi6n  del   mlsmo,  asl  como 

accession. 

de  la  mencionada  propiedad  por  derecho  de  accesi6n. 

In  testimony  whereof  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands. 
En  testimonio  de  lo  cual,  las  referidas  partes  lo  firman  de  su  puiio  y  letra. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 
Director  de  Terrenos. 


A.  F.  Thayeb. 


Signed  by  the  lessee  in  the  presence  of^ 

Firmado  por  el  Arrendatario  en  presencia  de 

Rafael  Pabalan. 
CoRNELio  Santiago. 

Approved  : 
Aprobado: 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
Secretario  de  lo  Interior. 

A  true  copy: 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands, 
Director  de  Terrenos. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Now,  coming  back  to  the  San  Jose  transaction, 
have  you  a  blank  form  here  in  the  room  of  the  first  certificate  that 
was  issued  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Have  you  a  copy  of  the  first  certificate  that  was 
issued  to  Mr.  Poole  in  Washington  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  in  this  book  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  here  as  an  exhibit. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes ;  on  page  45  is  a  copy  of  sales  certificate  No.  1. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  it  is  there. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Are  sales  certificates  Nos.  2  and  3  also  included 
here — copies  of  them  ? 

Mr.  Si/Eeper.  No;  I  think  they  are  not  included. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  spoke  a  minute  ago  of  sales  certificate  No.  5. 

Mr.  Sj.eeper.  Nos.  4  and  5. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  are  they? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  changing  the  areas  as  the  surveys  found 
there  were  changes  required. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Make  that  a  little  more  definite. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  see,  it  was  divided  into  two  tracts,  one  large 
tract  and  the  other  of  4,200  hectares. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Who  was  the  nominee  by  Mr.  Poole  in  the  grant  of 
that  tract? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  4,000? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  has  not  named  anybody,  or  had  not  when  we 
left 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  229 

Mr.  Douglas.  But  he  holds  the  certificate  in  his  own  name? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  As  Poole  or  his  nominee? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  say  that  in  January  of  this  year  the  transaction 
was  closed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  DouGi^s.  Did  I  understand  you  to  say  that  thereupon  he  pro- 
ceeded to  develop  his  purchase  in  the  island  of  Mindoro  ?  What  did 
he  do? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  in  December  he  began  to  work.  I  do  not 
know  what  they  did.  All  I  know  is  they  were  going  to  build  a  rail- 
road up  to  the  place,  so  that  they  could  get  up  there. 

Mr.  Douglas.  From  where? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  a  port  south  of  there,  Mangarin  Bay. 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  long  would  the  railroad  be,  about. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  they  told  me  it  would  be  about  12  miles  long, 
including  the  branches  that  went  into  the  estate. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  has  he  done  meanwhile  since  he  began  this 
work  in  December,  if  it  was  as  early  as  that  in  1909,  what  work  has 
been  done  there  since? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  building  that  railroad.  He  told  me  a  few  days 
before  we  left  that  he  had  about  11  miles  of  it  completed. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Has  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  made  any  prog- 
ress in  erecting  a  centrale  or  refinery  there,  do  you  know  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  I  know  is  there  was  a  man  came  in  my  office  who 
represented  himself  as  representing  the  Honolulu  Iron  Works,  and 
said  they  had  a  contract  for  putting  up  a  mill  for  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  the  concern  that  puts  up  most  of  the  mills  in 
the  Pacific  country  generally  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Douglas.  About  when  was  that?  How  long  before  you  left? 
When  did  you  leave ;  about  when  was  it  ? 

Mr.  SiiEEPER.  I  left  November  7,  and  I  expect  it  was  in  October. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  he  had  a  contract  with  whom ;  did  he  say  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Douglas.  To  put  up  a  sugar  mill? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Where? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  San  Jose  estate. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  that  is  as  far  as  you  know,  either  personally  or 
by  statements  from  anybody  connected  with  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.,  of  the  work  that  has  been  done  down  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  I  have  heard  a  great  deal  about  their  endeavors 
to  get  labor  to  work  the  plantation.  It  has  been  in  the  papers,  and  I 
have  heard  lots  about  it.     Mr.  Poole  has  talked  about  it. 

Mr.  Douglas.  There  is  some  reference  to  that  here.  Have  they 
had  difiiculty  in  getting  labor  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  believe  that  is  all. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  this  San  Jose  estate  border  on  the  water? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  about  12  miles,  I  think,  along  the  shore. 


230  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  see  on  the  map,  on  the  wall,  where  that  is,  or 
is  it  more  southerly  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  it  is  down  below  the  bottom  of  this  map  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  the  southwestern  corner  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  there  any  harbor  on  the  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  the  harbor  is  some  ways  below  the  estate.  I 
think  it  is  5  or  6  miles  to  the  boundary  of  the  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  it  from  the  harbor  that  this  railroad  runs  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  name  of  the  harbor  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mangarin  Bay. 

Mr.  Parsons,  What  town  is  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  what  township  it  is  in.  There  is  no 
town  there,  so  far  as  I  know. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  certificate  states  the  township  it  is  in? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  were  two  connected  with  the  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  there  any  settlement  there  at  all. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  harbor  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  there  is  below  there.  I  have  never  been  there 
personally.    I  think  there  is  a  small  settlement  there. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  were  asked  in  connection  with  the  sale  of  lands 
of  more  than  16  hectares  to  individuals,  whether  they  included  any 
land  outside  of  what  the  vendee  had  occupied,  and  you  said  as  a  rule 
not.  Were  you  often  requested  to  sell  lands  outside  of  what  the 
vendee  had  occupied  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No ;  only  in  certain  instances  where  a  man  has  all  of 
his  land  cultivated,  and  he  might  want  to  extend  his  cultivation  to 
the  unoccupied  lands  alongside. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  he  was  allowed  to  do  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  So  that  when  he  desired  more  land  he  was  allowed  to 
purchase  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  refer  to  friar  lands,  of  course  ? 

Mr.  SiJiiEPER.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  public  land  is  there  in  Mindoro  that  is 
the  same  kind  of  land  as  the  land  of  the  San  Jose  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Tluit  I  could  not  say.  I  have  not  been  there.  I  have 
heard  that  the  entire  area  on  that  tract  along  the  coast  there  are  just 
about  as  good  as  the  Mindoro  estate;  and  there  are  lands  there  that 
are  better  adapted  for  sugar  cultivation. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  usual  purchase  price  of  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  varies  according  to  the  location  of  the  land,  from 
$4  a  hectare  up  to  $2,000  a  hectare,  according  to  the  location  and  to 
the  condition.    Some  of  the  friar  lands  are  located  right  in  cities. 

Mr.  Davis.  I  mean  the  sugar  lands,  such  as  you  have  been  talking 
about.    What  is  the  usual  price  of  those  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  varies  on  each  estate,  again.  On  the  Santa  Rosa 
estate,  which  is  considered  a  very  good  estate,  the  land  would  be 
worth  ?=155  a  hectare. 

Mr.  Davis.  How  much  is  that  in  American  money  ? 


ADMINISTBATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  231 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  $32  an  acre,  or  approximately. 

Mr.  Davis.  Is  not  the  Island  of  Mindoro  largely  wooded? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  In  the  interior?    ' 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  interior  has  large  forest  areas  in  it. 

Mr.  Davis.  Where  is  the  open  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  stretches  of  cogon  land  all  through 
it,  which  is  land,  I  believe,  that  has  been  occupied  by  the  natives, 
and  they  have  cut  off  the  trees  and  planted  a  crop  or  two  and  then 
gone  away ;  they  are  what  we  call  caingins — natives  that  have  been 
there  a  year  or  two  and  then  gone  away  to  some  other  point  where 
the  soil  is  virgin.  There  are  large  stretches  of  that  cogon  land  on 
the  Island  of  Mindoro  which  are  open. 

Mr.  Davis.  Are  there  any  large  towns  on  that  island  ? 

Mr.  Si^eper.  I  never  have  been  there.  The  town  of  Calipan  is 
probably  the  largest  town  on  the  northeast  portion. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  say  that  Mr.  Poole  has  contracted  to  purchase  or 
has  leased  about  56,000  acres. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  A^Tiat  is  the  total  consideration  for  that? 

Mr.  Douglas.  ^734,000,  if  you  will  let  me  give  it  right  here.  I 
happened  to  have  the  certificate  right  in  front  of  me. 

Mr.  Davis.  Reduce  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  peso  is  a  half  dollar. 

Mr.  GARREi^r.  Do  you  know  why  Mr.  Poole  had  this  division  made  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  told  me  it  was  on  account  of  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.  He  wanted  two  tracts  of  land,  one  for  himself  and 
one  to  transfer  to  them. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  one  of  these  there  was  4,200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  I  told  him  that  a  corporation  could  not 
hold  that  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  he  paid  for  that  4,200  hectares  was  he 
tendered  a  deed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  he  was  tendered  a  sales  certificate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  you  ever  ask  him  if  he  wanted  a  deed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  because  the  agreement  was  that  he  was  to  sub- 
divide that  land.  There  were  to  be  two  subdivisions  of  that  4,200; 
200  for  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  and  the  other  to  a  man  he  was 
to  nominate.    I  do  not  know  who  it  is. 

Mr.  Garreitt.  And  he  never  did  indicate? 

Mr.  Sijceper.  He  has  not  yet,  because  he  has  just  got  the  survey  of 
the  200  and  knows  how  to  write  the  description  of  it.  Just  before 
we  left  the  survey  had  been  made  of  that. 

Mr.  Garrett.  This  deed,  was  it  made  to  the  Mindoro  Development 
Co.  as  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  No  individuals  named  in  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garretf.  Who  received  that  deed  after  it  was  made? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Poole  took  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  I  think  Mr.  Bruce,  his  attorney,  got  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Poole  got  it  through  his  attorney  i 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 


232  ADMIlSriSTRATION    OF   PHILIPPHSTE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  there  a  system  of  recording  deeds  over  there? 

Mr.  SuEEPER.  Yes,  sir.  It  had  not  been  recorded  when  we  left.  It 
was  just  signed  the  day  we  left. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Would  it  be  recorded  in  Manila? 

Mr.  Skeeper.  It  would  be  recorded  in  my  office,  and  also  in  the 
register  of  deeds  for  the  island  of  Mindoro,  the  Province  of  Mindoro. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Had  it  been  paid  for?  Had  the  fees  for  recording 
been  paid  for  when  you  left? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  you  understand  that  Mr.  Poole  is  the  agent  of 
the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  that  is  my  understanding. 

Mr.  Garrei^t.  And  also  the  agent  of  whoever  the  purchasers  of 
this  other  land  are  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Well,  I  dp  not  know  whether  he  is  the  agent  or 
whether  he  is  the  purchaser. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  said,  did  he  not,  he  was  representing  Mr.  Welch 
and  Mr.  Havemeyer? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  did  not  understand  this  witness  to  say  he  men- 
tioned anything  about  Havemeyer. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  Mr.  Welch  was  interested  with  him. 

Mr.  Hamilfon.  Interested  with  whom? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  he  was  interested  with  him,  that  Mr.  Poole 
had  an  interest  himself. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Was  that  the  only  name  he  mentioned  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  only  name  he  mentioned. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Just  Mr.  Welch  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Just  Mr.  Welch. 

Mr.  GrARRErr.  Did  he  make  any  inquiries  of  your  office  there  as 
to  the  right  of  a  corporation  to  hold  agricultural  lands? 

Mr.  Seeeper.  I  belie A^e  we  told  it  to  him  on  several  occasions,  that 
a  corporation  could  not,  under  the  law^,  hold  for  agricultural  pur- 
poses more  than  1,024  hectares. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Has  your  department  ever  construed  that  language, 
or  has  there  been  a  construction  by  the  legal  department  of  the 
insular  government  of  the  language  in  the  law,  "  or  association  of 
persons?  " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  there  has  been  a  decision  by  the  Attorney 
General  that  it  means  an  incorporated  or  organized  association  of 
persons. 

Mr.  Garrett.  That  is,  it  is  the  same  thing  as  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  corporation — yes ;  a  corporation  under  our  present 
laws,  or  a  corporation  organized  under  the  old  Spanish  laws. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  did  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  have  to 
do  under  the  insular  laws  to  obtain  the  right  to  do  business  there — 
anything? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  it  had  to  comply  with  the  corporation  laws 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  obtain  a  certificate  from  the  executive 
bureau. 

Mr.  Garreit?.  Just  what,  briefly,  did  they  have  to  do  to  comply 
with  that  law? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  had  to  file  a  statement,  I  believe,  where  they  are 
incorporated  in  the  United  States;  that  they  are  properly  incor- 


ADMJNISTEATIOlsr    OF    PHILTPPINE   LANDS.  233 

porated,  and  some  statement  as  to  their  capital,  and  so  forth,  and 
who  they  are. 

Mr.  Garkett.  Who  the  incorporators  are? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  did  you  first  see  the  charter  of  this  Mindoro 
Development  Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  I  first  saw  it  in  Mr.  Martin's  speeches  pub- 
lished in  the  Congressional  Record. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Poole  did  not  have  a  copy  of  it  with  him,  or  at 
least  he  did  not  show  you  a  copy  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not  see  it.    He  might  have  had  one. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  know  of  any  other  agent  of  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.  than  Mr.  Poole  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Prentiss. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Or  Mr.  Prentiss  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  the  only  two  I  ever  had  to  do  with. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  Mr.  Prentiss  connected  officially  with  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.,  or  is  he  connected  with  Mr.  Poole,  or  otherwise  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  I  could  not  say. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  was  connected  with  him  in  the  purchase  of  the 
land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  came  there  with  him. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  came  there  with  him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  he  participate  in  all  the  negotiations? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  he  did  not.  He  seemed  to  be  a  bookkeeper,  or 
cashier,  or  something  like  that. 

Mr.  Gar*rett.  Mr.  Poole  did  all  the  negotiating  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  or  his  attorney,  Mr.  Bruce.  There  was  another 
man  by  the  name  of  Thompson,  who  seemed  to  be  an  employee  of  Mr. 
Poole,  sort  of  an  engineer  or  surveyor  or  something  of  that  sort, 
who  was  formerly  connected  with  some  other  company — the  Philip- 
pine Products  Co. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  this  payment  was  made  by  Mr.  Poole,  how  was 
it  made,  by  check  or  draft  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  a  check  on  the  bank  there. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Was  it  signed  by  Mr.  Poole  personally  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  signed  by  him  personally,  but  I  do 
not  recollect,  though  I  did  see  the  check,  and  I  think  it  was  signed  by 
Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Garrett.  The  check  was  passed  through  your  hands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Through  my  cashier ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Would  it  be  payable  to  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Payable  to  the  director  of  lands. 

Mr.  Garrett.  To  the  director  of  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  GARRirrT.  And  by  you  indorsed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  So  you  do  not  remember  whether  it  was  a  personal 
check  of  his  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  a  personal  check  of  Mr.  Poole,  al- 
though I  could  not  say  positively. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  rememljer  positively  that  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.  was  not  connected  with  it  in  any  way  ? 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 19 


234  ABMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  would  have  noticed  it,  and  I  do  not  recall  it  at  the 
present  time  that  it  was.  I  do  not  think  so,  although  I  have  seen 
checks  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  connection  with  this  transaction  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  other  transactions. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  other  transactions  have  you  seen  checks  of 
theirs — land  transactions  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  just  the  purchase  of  supplies  and  stuff  in  Manila. 
I  would  see  their  names  there. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Purchasing  supplies  for  this  work? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  presume  it  was  for  this,  because  that  is  the  only 
thing  I  know  of  that  they  ever  had  any  interest  in. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Were  they  checks  on  banks  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  local  banks ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Your  best  recollection  is  this  payment  was  by  check 
on  a  local  bank  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  a  check  on  the  Hong  Kong  and  Shang- 
hai Bank,  and  signed  by  Mr.  Poole.  I  did  not  pay  much  attention 
to  the  check.    I  was  pleased  to  get  the  payment  on  that  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  of  course  had  satisfied  yourself  that  the  check 
was  good  before  you  accepted  it,  that  the  money  was  there  to  pay  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  turned  it  right  over  to  the  Treasury  Department, 
as  usual,  to  deposit  with  the  account  of  the  day.  It  might  have  been 
an  accepted  check,  a  certified  check.  We  usually  required  such  pay- 
ments to  be  made  by  certified  check. 

Mr.  Garre^tt.  Have  you  any  record  here  that  will  show  positively 
by  whom  that  check  was  drawn  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not.  * 

Mr.  Garrett.  These  checks  you  speak  of,  signed  by  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.,  that  you  saw,  were  whose?  Was  it  just  that  sig- 
nature, Mindoro  Development  Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember.  I  remember  seeing  a  check  of 
the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  either  in  the  bank  or  in  the  store  or 
somewhere,  and  I  had  never  seen  any  before,  and  it  excited  my 
curiosity. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  you  notice  the  handwriting? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No. 

Mr.  Garrett.  With  any  degree  of  care? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No ;  I  did  not. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  remember  whether  it  showed  it  was  signed 
by  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  by  someone,  or  how  was  it? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  It  was  signed  by  someone,  but  I  do  not  know  whom. 

Mr.  Garrett.  By  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  it  was  not  signed  by  Poole.  It  might  have 
been  signed  by  Prentiss  or  some  other  of  their  employees.  They  have 
an  office  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  mean  the  signature  would  be,  "  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.,  by  Prentiss."     Is  that  what  you  mean? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  believe  that  is  all. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Just  one  question  in  connection  with  what  was 
stated : 

I  understood  you  the  reason  that  you  now  give — at  least  the  ex- 
planation, whether  it  is  the  reason  or  not  I  do  not  know  or  care-— 


ADMINISTRATIOIsr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  235 

why  Mr.  Poole  has  not  nominated  anyone  to  receive  the  total  of  the 
4,000  hectares  left  of  the  4,200  after' the  200  were  taken  out  is  be- 
cause the  survey  was  not  completed  until  just  after  you  left  Manila? 

Mr.  Slp]eper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  true.  The  surveyors  were  down 
there  and  got  back,  I  think,  the  very  day  we  left,  wath  the  descrip- 
tion of  those  two  parcels  of  land. 

Mr.  Douglas.  One  description  of  200  hectares  and  the  other  of 
4,000  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  did  Poole  first  tell  you  he  was  agent  for  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  think  he  ever  told  me. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  just  have  one  other  question  to  ask. 

Mr.  Madison.  Pardon  me. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Do  you  know  whether  or  not  the  firm  of  Bruce  & 
Lawrence,  or  Mr.  Bruce,  had  given  to  Poole  any  information  as  to 
the  powder  of  the  provincial  government  to  make  a  conveyance  of  this 
land?  I  understood  you  to  say  he  wanted  the  opinion  of  his  attor- 
neys, Bruce  &  Lawrence,  or  Mr.  Bruce.  Do  you  know  whether,  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  he  got  such  opinion  from  Mr.  Bruce  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not.  I  know  that  in  talking  the  matter  over 
with  Bruce  at  one  time  Mr.  Bruce  seemed  to  think  the  opinion  that 
my  law  clerk  had  given  was  the  right  construction  of  the  law.  He 
told  me  that  once — that  there  was  no  question  about  it. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  was  the  attorney  of  that  firm,  or  that  firm  was 
attorney  for  Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  did  Poole  first  mention  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  to  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  when  we  w^ere  making  out  that  second  lot  of 
sale  certificates. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  second  lot? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  The  first  were  to  him,  and  then  he  said  he 
wanted  to  divide  it  and  have  it  niade  to  himself  or  to  his  nominee. 
I  think  it  was  in  December  some  time. 

Mr.  Madlson.  The  first  sale  certificate  was  to  him  personally? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  As  I  remember,  it  was  to  him  personally  for  the 
entire  estate,  in  one  certificate. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  did  not  contain  this  provision  to  Poole  or  to  his 
nominee  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Without  referring  to  it,  I  could  not  say. 

Mr.  EucKER.  Is  that  the  one  dated  November  26,  1909  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Pucker.  That  says  "  nominee." 

Mr.  Madison.  I  was  asking  for  information. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  first  one  says  "  Poole,  vendee,  or  his  nominee." 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  make  any  inquiiy  as  to  who  his  propo:=^ed 
nominees  were? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  did  not  ask  anything  at  all  about  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  make  any  inquiry  as  to  whether  it  was 
likely  to  be  a  corporation  ? 


236  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  told  him  he  could  not  transfer  it  to  a  corporation, 
and  we  could  not  give  a  deed  to  a  corporation. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  did  you  tell  him  he  could  not  transfer  to  a 
corporation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  told  him  a  corporation  could  not  buy  it  the  very 
first  day  he  was  in  my  office. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  came  to  you  later  and  asked  to  have  one  sale  cer- 
tificate canceled  and  another  sale  certificate  issued? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  you  told  him  at  that  time  that  he  could  not  make 
a  transfer  to  this  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Then  he  told  me  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  was 
going  to  mill  his  sugar. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  also  told  you  at  that  time,  did  he  not,  that  he 
wanted  that  tract  divided,  so  that  he  might  transfer  a  portion  of  it  to 
the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  that  way. 

Mr.  Madison.  At  the  time  of  the  making  of  the  second  certificate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  he  told  me  that  they  would  have  to  have  a  sur- 
vey made  of  the  mill  site,  and  that  the  mill  site  and  the  railroad  site 
would  be  transferred  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  that  would  not  be  in  violation  of  law,  because 
the  amount  that  he  proposed  to  convey  was  less  than  1,024  hectares, 
was  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  understood  you,  and  I  am  asking  now  to  see 
whether  or  uot  I  am  correct  in  my  understanding  that  he  said  to  you 
at  the  time  he  had  one  of  these  new  certificates  issued,  that  he  wanted 
the  land  divided  into  two  tracts,  and  that  he  was  going  to  convey 
one  of  those  tracts,  4,200  hectares,  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 
Did  he  not  tell  you  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  he  did  not  tell  me  that.  He  said  they  were  to 
get  their  mill  site  and  whatever  it  was,  and  the  4,200  hectares  were  to 
be  divided.  He  did  not  say  between  whom,  except  the  mill  site  Avas 
to  go  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  the  mill  site  to  be  a  part  of  that  4,200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  part  of  that  4.200.  He  knew  then  where  it  was 
going,  approximately,  but  his  engineers  had  not  been  over  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  I  probably  misunderstood  yoU;  l)ecause  I 
thought  you  said  the  4,200  hectares  were  to  go  to  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Oh,  no. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  it  go  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madiscn.  Has  any  part  of  this  estate  gone  to  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  except  the  part  necessary  for  the  building  of  their 
mill? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Two  hundred  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  mill  and  the  railroad  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  237 

Mr.  Madison.  How  lon^  has  it  been  the  policy  of  the  Philippine 
Government  to  convey  more  than  16  hectares  of  the  friar  lands  to 
individuals  upon  request? 

The  Chairman.  You  mean  the  policy  or  the  practice  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  The  practice. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Ever  since  the  passage  of  the  amendment  to  the 
original  friar  lands  act. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  was  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  in  June,  1908. 

Mr.  Madison.  Prior  to  that  time  had  or  had  not  the  construction 
of  that  act  by  the  authorities  of  the  Philippine  Government  been 
that  no  part  of  the  friar  lands  could  be  sold  to  an  individual  in 
excess  of  16  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  has  been  the  law.  That  had  been  our 
construction  of  the  law. 

Mr.  Madison.  Where  did  you  get  that  from — from  the  organic  act? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  the  friar  lands  act  itself. 

Mr.  Madison.  From  the  organic  act  passed  by  Congress  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  When  you  speak  of  the  friar  lands  act,  do  vou 
mean  the  act  passed  by  Congress?  You  have  spoken  of  an  amend- 
ment, but  we  have  not  amended  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  Philippine  Legislature  amended  it. 

The  Chairman.  Did  they  amend  the  Philippine  legislative  act  or 
the  act  of  Congress? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  amended  the  original  act  of  the  Philippine  Leg- 
islature. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  amended  what  they  call  their  own  friar  lands 
act. 

The  CiTAiRiMAN.  Did  that  act  prohibit  the  sale  of  more  than  16 
hectares  of  land  to  an  individual? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  to  any  individual,  except  where  they  were 
the  bona  fide  occupants  or  settlers. 

Mr.  Madison.  Now  I  understand  you,  I  think.  You  never  obtained 
your  liniitation  of  16  hectares  to  a  person  from  the  organic  act  of  the 
Philippines  passed  by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  authorities  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  Phil- 
ippine Government,  has  always  construed  the  organic  acts  of  the 
Philippines  passed  by  the  United  States  Congress  as  placing  no  limi- 
tatious  upon  the  amount  of  land — that  is,  the  friars'  land  that  might 
be  sold  to  an  individual? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  correct. 

Mr.  Madison.  Your  limitation  was  obtained  solely  from  the  Phil- 
ippine act? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Mx\DisoN.  Which  was  amended  in  1908? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  on  the  3d  day  of  June. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  which  took  off  the  limitation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  purpose  of  the  act.  I  drafted  it  myself 
and  forwarded  it  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  with  the  statement 
at  that  time  we  would  have  so  much  of  these  vacant  lands  on  our 
hands  that  We  could  not  expect  to  pay  the  interest  on  the  bonds  or 


238  ADMINISTEATIOlSr   OF  PHILIPPHSTE  LANDS. 

even  pay  the  administration  charges  against  these  lands  unless  we  did 
something  to  dispose  of  them. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  there  ever  any  contention  there  in  the  Philip- 
pines among  lawyers  or  among  purchasers  or  prospective  purchasers 
with  regard  to  the  construction  of  the  organic  act  of  the  Philippines 
passed  by  Congress — that  is,  upon  this  question  of  limitation  of  16 
hectares  to  1  person? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  anything  about  any  contention  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  1  never  heard  of  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  has  been  universally  acquiesced  in,  according  to 
your  understanding,  that  that  limitation  upon  public  lands  did  not 
apply  to  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  my  understanding,  and  I  have  had 
my  law  clerk  go  over  that  thing  and  give  me  advice  on  the  subject. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  w^as  the  first  sale  of  occupied  friar  lands  that 
was  made  to  one  person  that  amounted  to  more  than  16  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  1908,  I  think,  or  perhaps  in  1907. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Prior  to  the  passage  of  the  amendment  of  the  Philip- 
pine friar  lands  act  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  you  would  explain  to  me  again  just  what  the 
dift'erent  certificates  were.    You  said  there  were  five. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  As  I  recollect,  there  were  five.  The  first  certificate 
included  the  whole  estate.  Then  Mr.  Poole  decided  he  wanted  to 
divide  that  up,  and  he  made  a  second  certificate  or  two  certificates. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Certificates  2  and  3  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Certificates  2  and  3. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  what  happened  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  get  those  certificates  to  give  the  exact 
information  as  to  the  difference  between  Nos.  2  and  3  and  Nos.  4  and 
5,  but  there  is  some  difference  in  area,  I  think,  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  Nos.  4  and  5  cover  in  toto  the  same  area  as  Nos. 
2  and  3? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  exactly  the  same. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  as  No.  1  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  The  only  difference,  as  I  remember  it,  was 
on  account  of  the  areas  and  the  surveys.  I  have  those  certificates  or 
copies  of  all  of  them  here,  and  you  can  have  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  put  them  in  the  record  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  them  with  you  now,  here  in  this  room  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not  them  with  me,  but  I  have  them  in  Wash- 
ington, or  will  have  to-morrow  or  next  day. 

Mr.  Rucker.  I  was  confused,  possibly,  like  Mr.  Madison  was, 
about  the  conversation  which  you  had  with  Mr.  Poole  with  reference 
to  the  4,200  hectares  and  as  to  his  wanting  it  divided.  One  was  di- 
vided into  two  and  three,  and  one  was  for  200  hectares.  Is  that  the 
fact? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  EiTCKER.  He  stated  to  you,  as  I  understood  you  to  state  in  your 
answer  made  at  the  instance  of  either  Mr.  Douglas  or  the  chairman, 
that  he  wanted  that  division  made  because  he  was  to  convey  that 
4,200  hectares  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 


ADMINTSTRATIOK    OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  239 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  did  not  say  that.  He  wanted  to  have  the  mill 
site  within  the  4,200  hectares.'  He  had  settled  it  in  his  own  mind 
that  a  certain  place  was  where  the  mill  ought  to  be  placed,  and  I 
understood  he  wanted  to  convey  a  mill  site  within  that  area  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  EucKER.  But  you  stated  that  you  told  him  that  you  could  not 
do  that  because  it  was  more  than  the  2,500  acres 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  I  said  I 

Mr.  RucKER  (interposing) .  That  would  go  to  a  corporation. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  said  we  could  not  convey  to  a  corporation  over 
1,024:  hectares. 

Mr.  RucKER.  He  wanted  the  4,^0  hectares  for  the  purpose  of  giv- 
ing to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  which  called  forth  your  answer 
that  it  could  not  be  done  because  it  was  more  than  could  go  to  a  cor- 
poration?    Is  not  that  true? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  think  not,  because  we  knew  well  that  we  could 
not  execute  any  such  instrument. 

Mr.  Rtjcker.  Then  it  is  true  that  he  was  of  opinion  that  he  could 
convey  that  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Four  thousand  two  hundred  hectares? 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  he  knew  very  well  after  his  first  visit  to  my 
office  that  no  corporation  could  hold  more  than  1,024  hectares. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  do  not  mean  no  corporation  could  hold,  under  your 
construction,  more  than  2,500  acres  of  friar  land,  do  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  do  not  mean  to  make  that  statement? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  I  thought  your  contention  was 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  Agricultural  corporations. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  said  "  no  corporations." 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Oh,  no. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  correct  it  now ;  that  you  meant  to  say  "  no  agricul- 
tural corporation  "  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Rucker.  What  I  was  trying  to  get  at  is  what  brought  forth 
the  answer  from  you  that  you  could  not  make  the  conveyance  to  the 
corporation  for  the  amount  exceeding  2,500  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  Mr.  Poole  stated  he  wanted  the  estate 
divided  up  for,  and  before  he  had  explained  what  he  wanted  to  do 
with  this  4,200  hectares — then  before  he  had  explained  he  wanted 
it  so  that  within  that  area  he  could  get  this  mill  site  and  railroad 
entrance  to  the  estate  from  the  outside  I  told  him  we  could  not  do 
it  in  excess  of  the  limitation  prescribed  by  law.  He  knew  that  all 
the  time  and  was  very  familiar  with  the  law,  because  I  had  always 
told  him  from  the  very  beginning,  and  he  knew  it  very  well. 

Mr.  Madison.  "Why  did  you  do  that  ?  What  was  it  that  suggested 
itself  to  yon  that  caused  you  to  say  to  him,  "  There  can  not  be  more 
than  1,024  hectares  go  to  a  corporation  "? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Originally? 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  he  represented  Welch  &  Co.  I  did  not  know 
whether  they  were  a  corporation  or  not. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  was  the  only  reason? 


240  ADMIN ISTHATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  only  reason  in  my  mind;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  not,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  understand  he  was 
there  representing  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Fo,  sir ;  and  I  do  not  thinly  so  vet. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  not,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  have  that  in  your 
mind  at  the  time  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Never,  never.  For  example,  Mr.  Poole  told  me — or 
somebody  told  me,  I  think  my  assistant  told  me — that  they  did 
not  raise  sugar. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  not  what? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Did  not  raise  sugar;  that  they  refined  sugar. 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes;  I  understand;  bilt  did  you  not  understand,  as 
a  matter  of  fact,  that  Mr.  Poole  was  so  associated  with  the  Ameri- 
can Sugar  Refining  Co.  and  some  of  its  subsidiary  corporations  that 
you  thought  it  was  very  likely  that  he  w^as  buying  for  a  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Your  only  reason  for  making  this  suggestion,  then, 
that  a  corporation  could  not  own  more  than  2,500  acres,  was  the  fact 
that  he  mentioned  Welch  &  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Why  did  you  not  ask  him  who  Welch  &  Co.  were  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  did  he  tel]  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  they  were  a  concern  that  had  an  interest  in 
sugar  plantations  in  Cuba. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  did  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  he  say  anything  about  being  in  communication 
with  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  or  any  subsidiary  corpora- 
tion? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  a  word. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  had  no  reason  to  suspect  anything  of  that 
kind? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.     I  do  not  suspect  it  yet  to-day. 

Mr.  Madison.  After  they  told  you  who  Welch  &  Co.  were,  you  then 
understood  they  were  not  a  corporation,  did  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  there  was  not  any  occasion  for  telling  him  that 
they  could  not  have  more  than  1,024  hectares  as  a  corporation,  was 
there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Poole  came  to  me  on  that  proposition — that  he 
could  not  buy  that  estate  because  I  could  not  sell  to  an  individual 
more  than  16  hectares  or  to  a  corporation  more  than  1,024  hectares. 
I  told  him  I  thought  we  could;  that  we  could  sell  to  an  individual 
the  entire  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  he  intimate  he  wanted  to  buy  for  a  corporation 
or  that  he  was  representing  a  corporation  or  that  his  nominee  might 
be  a  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  would  not  do  any  good,  would  it  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  I  am  asking  you  a  question.  I  am  not  entering  into 
a  discussion  with  you ;  I  am  trying  to  get  at  the  facts. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not  catch  the  question. 

Mr.  Madison.  Read  the  question. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  241 

The  Stenographer  (reading).  Did  he  intimate  he  wanted  to  buy 
for  a  corporation  or  that  he  was  representing  a  corporation,  or  that 
his  nominee  might  be  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  said  he  wanted  to  buy  it  himself. 

Mr.  Madison.  Alone,  individually? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  with  Welch  &  Co.'s  assistance.  He  told 
me  Welch  &  Co.  were  associated  with  him.  I  understood  he  was 
himself  iterested  financially  in  the  transaction,  from  his  conversation. 

Mr.  Madison.  Your  first  statement  was  Welch  &  Co.  were  backing 
him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  was  the  language  that  he  used — that  Welch  & 
Co.  were  backing  him  or  that  Welch  &  Co.  were  associated  with  him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember  the  exact  language  he  used.  I 
would  not  attempt  to  say  what  it  was. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Capt.  Sleeper,  was  any  effort  made  to  ascertain  who 
the  "  company  "  was  of  Welch  &  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  me? 

Mr.  Garret't.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Or  anybody  else? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garre^tt.  Since  Eepresentative  Martin  made  this  speech  and 
began  this  agitation  on  the  floor  of  the  House  there  has  been  a  great 
deal  of  feeling  about  this  matter  among  the  officials  there  in  Manila, 
has  there  not,  particularly  those  directly  interested? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Of  course  they  have  been  attacked,  and  there  is  con- 
siderable feeling. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Have  they  made  any  effort  to  find  out  from  this  man 
Poole  who  the  parties  in  interest  are  that  owned  that  land,  do  you 
know  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  think  they  have. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  have  not  personally  made  any  effort  at  all  to 
find  that  out? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  except  I  asked  Poole  once  if  he  represented 
the  American  Sugar  Trust,  and  he  said  he  did  not. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  was  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  say  perhaps  60  days  ago. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  did  not  ask  him  if  he  had  any  objection  to 
stating  just  whom  he  did  represent? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Just  who  the  parties  were? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Why  did  you  not  do  that,  Mr.  Sleeper,  with  all  this 
feeling  there  is  over  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  not  sufficiently  interested  in  it.  I  considered 
I  had  done  my  duty  and  sold  this  estate  to  an  individual,  and  I  think 
so  yet. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Suppose  it  should  turn  out  it  was  a  subterfuge  in 
fact? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Well? 

Mr.  Garrett.  Would  you  feel  you  had  done  your  full  duty  by  not 
inquiring  closely  into  that  matter  ? 


242  ADMIN TSTRATTON    OF   PHILTPPTNE   I^NDS. 

Mr.  Sleepeij.  Yes;  I  would,  just  like  the  collector  of  customs  did 
his  duty  when  he  did  not  find  out  they  wei'e  stealing  for  some  yeurs. 
When  he  found  it  out  action  was  taken.  I  think  in  this  case  action 
would  be  simihuiy  taken.  If  they  have  defrauded  the  Government 
or  done  things  they  ouglit  not  to  do,  it  is  up  to  the  law  officers  to  get 
after  them. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  it  not  a  fact  the  officials  were  so  anxious  to  sell 
this  property  that  they  really  did  not  want  to  inquire  into  that  very 
closely  for  fear  they  might  find  out  it  was  a  subterfuge? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  do  not  think  they  were  anxious  tO  evade 
the  law.    I  am  sure  I  w^as  not. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  am  not  meaning  to  charge  you  were.  I  do  not 
want  you  to  understand  my  question  as  indicating  that  I  think  so. 
But  you  were  exceedingly  anxious  to  sell  that  land/^ 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exceedingly  anxious;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  would  like  to  ask  one  or  two  questions,  Mr.  Chairman. 

I  understand  you  to  say  that  a  conveyance  had  been  made  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  for  only  200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Still,  certificate  No.  1,  which  is  published  in  this  re- 
pK)rt,  states  "  that  the  vendor  will  convey  to  the  vendee  or  his  nomi- 
nees, by  pro|)er  instrument  of  conveyance,  200  hectares,  to  be  desig- 
nated by  the  vendee  in  a  single  tract  within  the  limits  of  the  said 
hacienda." 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is,  upon  the  payment  of  1P42,875? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  This  certificate  also  provides  that  upon  the  payment 
of  the  residue  of  the  purchase  money  for  the  whole  tract  a  convey- 
ance shall  be  made  to  the  vendee  or  his  nominees? 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  certificate  are  you  referring  to? 

Mr.  Jones.  No.  1. 

Mr.  Parsons.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  has  any  conveyance  been  made 
to  anybody  of  any  part  of  that  land,  except  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  not  yet. 

Mr.  Jones.  None  has  been  made  to  anybody? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Except  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  for  200  hec- 
tares. 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  the  purchase  money  been  paid  for  the  whole  tract  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  4,200  hectares;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  For  the  whole  tract? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  the  4,200  hectares  have  been  paid  for  in  cash, 
and  one  payment  has  been  made  on  the  residue  of  the  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  This  is  the  language  of  the  agreement : 

And  upon  completion  of  the  payment  of  the  purchase  price  as  hereinbefore 
stated,  together  with  rM  aeerued  interest,  said  vendor  will  convey  the  remainder 
of  said  land  by  proper  instrument  of  conveyance  to  said  vendee  or  his  nominees. 

That  is  the  whole  transaction— that  is  the  whole  land  for  which 
F734,000  were  to  be  paid.  That  payment  has  not  yet  been  completed, 
you  say? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  243 

Mr.  eToNES.  The  vendees  have  no  right  to  ask  for  a  conveyance  of 
any  but  the  200  hectares  of  land  until  the  whole  payment  is  com- 
pleted, according  to  that  contract,  have  they? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  not  the  contract  that  is  now  in  vogue. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  the  only  one  that  is  given,  so  far  as  I  have  seen, 
in  this  report,  and  that  is  the  one  I  am  questioning  you  about. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  other  contracts  that  have  superseded  that 
contract. 

Mr.  Jones.  Other  contracts  that  have  superseded  that  one  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that,  but  under  these  contracts  and  un- 
der the  first  one  you  have  conveyed  to  the  nominees  of  the  vendee 
200  hectares  of  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  not  under  that  contract.  That  contract  was 
canceled. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  know;  but  under  a  similar  provision,  at  any  rate. 
This  contract  provides  that  upon  the  payment  of  f^42,875  tlie  vendor 
shall  convey  to  the  vendee  or  his  nominees  200  hectares  of  hind  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that  these  200  liectai-es  have  been  con- 
veyed. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  If  it  is  not  under  this  agreement,  it  must  be  under  an 
agreement  which  has  a  similar  provision? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  has  been  conveyed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  have  not  conveyed  any  other  land  to  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  whatever. 

Mr.  Jones.  Nor  have  you  conveyed  any  other  lands  to  the  vendee, 
Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  So  all  the  land  you  have  conveyed  under  this  contract 
or  under  any  contract  substituted  for  this  contract  has  been  conveyed 
to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exactly. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  there  is  in  this  contract  a  similar  provision  which 
provides  that  upon  the  completion  of  the  payments  the  residue  of  the 
land — that  is,  in  excess  of  the  200  hectares — shall  be  conveyed  to  the 
vendee  or  his  nominees  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  being  true,  has  not  the  vendee  a  right,  under  the 
contract,  to  require  that  the  residue  of  the  lands  shall  be  conveyed 
by  you  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  not.  I  should  have  to  go  to  the  Attorney 
General  before  I  would  issue  any  such  deed. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  you  have  signed  a  contract  by  which  you  agree 
that  when  a  certain  amount  of  money  is  paid,  200  hectares  shall  be 
conveyed  to  the  vendee  or  his  nominees.  That  money  has  been  paid, 
and  the  vendee  has  directed  that  that  land  be  conveyed  to  his  nom- 
inees, not  to  him,  and  that  has  been  done? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 
Mr.  Jones.  That  was  200  hectares? 


244  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  have  not  conveyed  any  more  to  him  or  to  anybody 
else,  although  there  is  precisely  the  same  provision  as  to  the  residue 
of  the  land  that  there  was  as  to  these  two  hectares,  in  respect  to  who 
it  shall  be  conveyed  to,  the  vendee  or  his  nominee  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  not  a  lawyer,  but  I  would  presume  it  meant  a 
legal  entity  in  the  Philippine  Islands  who  is  entitled  to  hold  the  land. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  your  idea  is,  I  suppose,  that  you  would  convey,  if 
the  vendee  so  required,  the  difference  between  the  200  hectares  and 
the  1,024  hectares  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  and  you  would 
stop  there  and  ask  him  who  he  would  nominate  as  the  person  to 
whom  the  rest  of  it  must  be  conveyed  ?     Is  that  your  understanding  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  that  is  the  limit  of  land  that  they  could  hold  under 
their  charter,  yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  So  your  understanding  of  this  contract  is  that  notwith- 
standiug  you  have  solemnly  agreed  to  convey  this  land  to  the  vendee 
or  his  nominee,  you  would  not,  even  if  requested  to  do  so,  convey  to 
the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  more  than  1,024  hectares.  Is  that 
your  understanding? 

Mr.  SixEEPER.  That  is  my  understanding  of  the  law,  that  they  can 
hold  only  2,500  acres. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  your  understanding  of  the  law,  and  that  is 
what  you  would  do  if  the  vendee  came  to  you  under  those  circum- 
stances ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  is  understood,  is  it  not,  that  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  is  engaged  in  agriculture? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.     I  do  not  think  they  are. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  would  you — — 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  The  law  prohibits  any  corpora- 
tion  ■ 

Mr.  Jones  (interposing).  Why  then,  would  you  say  you  would 
not  convey  this  land  to  them  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  law  prohibits  any  corporation  from  holding 
more  real  estate  than  2,500  acres. 

Mr.  Jones.  Does  the  law  prohibit  any  corporation  from  holding 
more  than  1,024  hectares  of  friar  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Except  in  the  amount  necessary  for  their  business, 
I  believe. 

Mr.  Jones.  To  what  law  are  you  referring? 

Mr.  Sijeeper.  The  act  of  Congress. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  act  of  Congress  does  not  distinguish  between  pub- 
lic lands  and  friar  lands,  I  think. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  section  75  of  the  Philippines  bill. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that  it  is  held  by  you  executive  officers 
of  the  Philippines  that  the  15th  section  of  the  organic  act,  which 
limits  the  holdings  of  corporations  to  1,024  hectares,  does  not  apply 
to  friar  lands.     I  understand  you  hold  that ;  do  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  true;  if  there  were  not  another  section  of 
the  law  which  prohibits  a  corporation  from  holding  over  1,024  hec- 
tares, an  agricultural  or  mining  corporation. 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes;  an  agricultural  or  mining  corporation. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Or  any  other  corporation,  in  excess  of  the  amount 
required  for  its  business.  There  is  some  provision  of  law  to  that 
effect. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  245 

Mr.  Jones.  Let  us  see  what  that  is. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  printed  in  the  former  hearing. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Sleeper,  this  is  what  section  75  says: 

That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying 
and  selling  real  estate,  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such 
as  may  be  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which 
it  is  created,  and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall 
by  its  charter  be  restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one 
thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares   (2,500  acres)   of  land. 

I  understand  that  you  hold  that  that  section  applies  to  all  friar 
lands  and  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  do  not  think  there  is  any  question  about  that. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  you  also  hold  that  the  friar  lands  which  were  pur- 
chased under  the  sixty-third,  sixty-fourth,  and  sixty-fifth  sections 
of  the  organic  law  are  not  subject  to  the  limitations  which  are 
found  in  section  15?  I  understand  that  to  be  the  contention  of  the 
Government  officials  of  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  If  that  be  so,  and  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  is  not 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  why  should  you  not  sell  that  com- 
pany more  than  1,024  hectares  of  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  provision  of  law  that  you  quote  there  would 
prohibit  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why?     Why  would  it  prohibit  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Unless  they  need  it  for  railroad  or  something  like 
that. 

Mr.  Jones.  Unless  they  needed  it  for  some  purpose  of  the 
company  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Have  you  ascertained  that  that  company  would  not 
need  any  more  than  that  amount  for  some  purpose  of  the  company? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  (juestion  has  not  come  up  to  me  yet. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  did  you  say  you  would  not  convey  any  more  than 
1,024  hectares  if  the  question  has  not  arisen  and  you  do  not  know 
how  much  they  would  need  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  would  be  up  to  them  to  prove  it  to  me,  that  they 
needed  that  land  for  their  business. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  now  state  in  answer  to  my  question  that  unless 
they  put  up  proof  to  you  that  they  needed  it  you  would  not  do  it? 
You  said  emphatically  you  would  not  convey  to  them  any  more  than 
1,024  hectares. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  would  not  convey  it  until  they  put  it  up  to  me.  I 
would  refuse  to  do  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  now  modify  your  answer  by  saying  you  would 
not  convey  to  them  unless  they  showed  you  they  needed  it  for  the 
purposes  of  their  business?  But  if  they  needed  it  for  the  purposes 
of  their  business,  you  would  convey  them  the  whole  of  that  land  that 
was  contracted  for  by  Poole  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Unless  their  business  was  agriculture  or  mining. 

Mr.  Jones.  So,  as  at  present  advised,  you  do  not  know  whether 
you  would  convey  the  residue  of  this  land  to  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  or  not,  because  they  have  not  yet  furnished  you  with  proof 
that  they  need  that  much  land? 


246  ADMINISTRATION    OP  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  not  asked  for  it.  They  have  not  given  us 
the  descriptions  of  the  land  or  asked  for  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  you  do  not  know  whether 
you  would  have  to  convey  the  rest  of  that  land  to  them  or  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  It  would  be  a  question  for  the  legal  au- 
thorities, I  presume.  If  I  had  any  doubt  on  it,  I  would  submit  it  to 
the  Attorney  General. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  say  you  told  Mr.  Poole  that  no  corporation  could 
hold  over  1,024  hectares,  did  you  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  you  did  not  exactly  mean  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Any  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture.  He  is  an 
agriculturist. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  you  meant  was  that  no  corporation  engaged  in 
agriculture  could  hold  more  than  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  did  you  tell  him  that  if  the  corporation  he  was 
interested  in  was  not  engaged  in  agriculture? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Which  corporation? 

Mr.  Jones.  The  Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not  know  he  was  engaged  in  any  corporation  at 
that  time  when  I  told  him  that.  I  meant  simply  a  corporation  could 
not  buy,  but  an  individual  could. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  he  never  said  anything  to  you  about  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  at  that  time? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  did  not  know  that  until  long  after  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  did  you  first  learn  about  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  when  the  second  sale  certificates  were  pre- 
pared and  the  first  ones  were  canceled.  I  think  along  between  the  6th 
and  10th  of  December,  as  nearly  as  I  can  remember  now. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  desire  now  to  ask  something  about  the  form  of  this 
contract  of  sale.  Is  that  the  common  form — ■''  to  the  vendee  or  nomi- 
nees? " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  that  was  put  there  at  his  request. 

Mr.  Jones.  Did  you  ever  have  another  contract  of  sale  that  con- 
tained that  term? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  never  did. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  is  sometimes  the  practice  in  this  country  to  say  "  to 
the  vendee  or  his  assignees  ?  " 

Mr.  Sleepep.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  This  is  a  very  unusual  expression — "  nominees  ?  " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  that  was  requested  by  Mr.  Bruce,  the  attor- 
ney for  Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Jones.  AVere  you  not  struck  by  the  fact  that  that  was  rather  an 
unusual  request? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  The  matter  was  submitted  to  my  law  clerk 
after  they  had  drawn  up  the  papers,  and  he  seemed  to  consider  it 
all  right. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  did  not  submit  that  specific  question  to  him  about 
the  term  "  nominees,"  did  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  The  entire  contract  was  submitted  to  my  at- 
torney, who  was  Mr.  Knight  at  that  time.  I  think  he  made  one  or 
two  changes,  probably,  in  the  wording  of  it. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  247 

Mr.  Jones.  You  said  in  reply  to  a  question  of  Mr.  Garrett  that 
the  gentleman  who  accompanied  Mr.  Poole — what  was  his  name? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Prentiss. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  understood  him  to  be  a  sort  of  bookkeeper  or 
cashier? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  Hoav  did  you  come  to  the  conclusion  that  he  was  a 
bookkeeper  or  cashier? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  Mr.  Poole  mentioned  that  he  took  care  of 
the  finances  or  the  books  or  something  at  one  time  to  me. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  he  had  charge  of  the  funds  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  whether  he  had  charge  of  the  funds 
or  not,  but  was  in  the  office. 

Mr.  Jones.  If  he  was  cashier  he  would  have  charge  of  the  funds, 
would  he  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Naturally  he  would  make  the  payments,  and  so 
forth,  and  make  out  the  accounts. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  understood  he  was  the  man,  then,  who  had  charge 
of  the  funds  and  would  make  the  payments? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  whether  Poole  trusted  him  with  his 
money  accounts  or  not.  I  do  not  know  about  that.  I  do  not  know 
what  he  did  about  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  only  asked  because  you  spoke  of  him  as  cashier  or 
bookkeeper. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  I  understood  he  was;  that  he  took  care 
of  the  accounts  and  paid  the  bills,  and  so  forth. 

Mr.  Jones.  Paid  the  bills? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  Whether  he  had  control  of  the  money  or 
whether  Mr.  Poole,  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  knoAV  Avhether  it  was  Mr.  Poole's  money  or  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.'s  money  that  he  had  charge  of  and  whose 
bills  he  paid  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  do  not  know  which? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  may  it  not  have  been  true  that  Mr.  Poole  was 
agent  of  this  company  to  do  the  buying,  make  the  bar<>ains,  and  so 
forth,  and  then  this  gentleman,  Prentiss,  was  the  man  wlio  had  charge 
of  the  funds  and  made  the  payments? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  may  be ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  may  have  been  so? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  RucKER.  I  desire  to  ask  just  one  question,  please. 

Referring  again  to  the  purchase  by  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 
of  the  200  hectares,  that,  you  say,  was  accomplished  and  the  deed  was 
made  just  before  you  left  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  That  was  a  part  of  the  4,200  hectares  about  which  or 
concerning  which  the  conversation  which  you  have  given  to  Mr.  Mad- 
ison and  myself  was  had,  where  the  matter  of  the  2,500-acre  limitation 
was  mentioned? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  The  200  hectares  were  a  part  of  the  4,200  hectares? 


248  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  It  is  a  fact,  is  it  not,  that  the  whole  of  the  4,200  hec- 
tares has  been  paid  for? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  all  paid  for. 

Mr.  EucKER.  The  200  hectares  of  that  4,200  hectares  were  deeded 
to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  but  no  deed  made  to  anybody  else 
for  the  balance? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  correct. 

Mr.  RucKER.  There  are  4,000  hectares  that  are  not  now  deeded  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  Where  did  you  say  this  railroad  started  from  and  where 
did  it  go  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  starts  from  a  bay  south  of  the  Mindoro  estate  and 
runs  up  into  the  estate. 

Mr.  Davis.  Into  the  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  How  many  miles? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  say  12  miles.    I  have  never  been  there. 

Mr.  Davis.  Are  there  any  branches  or  side  roads  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  that. 

Mr.  Davis.  About  how  much,  if  any,  of  it  is  completed,  with  the 
track  laid? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  told  me  11  miles  of  it  was  completed  and 
that  they  ran  trains  over  it. 

Mr.  Davis.  It  runs  through  a  portion  of  these  4,200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  Yes,  sir;  it  runs  into  that  portion.  That  is  where  its 
terminus  is,  as  I  understand  it. 

Mr.  Davis.  When  you  deeded  these  200  hectares  to  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.,  he  told  you  or  you  understood  him  to  say  that  this  was 
for  the  purpose  of  establishing  a  sugar  factory  or  plant  of  some  kind, 
and  the  construction  of  a  railroad  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  Are  those  200  hectares  scattered  all  along  the  line  of 
this  railway  or  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  Or  are  they  in  a  compact  body  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  include  the  portion  on  which  they  are  to  erect 
their  mill,  and  the  line  of  railroad  to  the  borders  of  the  estate.  I  have 
the  plan  of  it  here  with  me. 

Mr.'DAvis.  It  is  a  narrow  strip? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  Will  you  bring  that  plan  to  the  next  meeting  of  the 
committee  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  bring  it  as  soon  as  it  arrives  in  Washington. 
It  is  on  the  way  here,  or  may  be  here  now. 

Mr.  Davis.  Do  you  remember  how  many  hectares  or  acres  are  in- 
cluded in  that  deed  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.,  as  designated 
or  intended  for  the  establishment  of  the  plant  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Separate  from  the  railway  ? 

Mr.  Davis.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  but  I  think  the  plan  will  show  that  approxi- 
mately. 

Mr.  Davis.  About  how  many  acres,  to  the  best  of  your  recollection  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  railway  is  a  narrow  strip  and  at  the  end 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  249 

of  it  is  this  tract  of  land.     I  should  suppose  perhaps  100  hectares  or 
more  are  included  in  the  mill  site. 

Mr.  Davis.  One  hundred  hectares  included  in  the  mill  site? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Probably  more  than  that,  120  to  130,  and  the  balance 
is  along  the  railway  line. 

Mr.  Davis.  You  are  quite  positive  that  within  these  200  hectares  is 
the  line  of  the  railway,  the  whole  of  it,  as  soon  as  it  enters  upon  the 
estate  proper,  or  this  4,200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  And  the  balance  of  it,  perhaps  the  greater  or  major  por- 
tion of  it,  is  the  place  where  the  mill  is  to  be  located  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  my  understanding  from  the  plans  and  from 
what  I  have  talked  with  the  surveyors  that  went  down  there. 

Mr.  Davis.  It  is  a  pretty  large  tract  for  the  purpose  of  locating  a 
mill,  is  it  not,  100  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.  It  may  include  a  site  for  a  reservoir 
for  water.     I  presume  it  does.     It  is  up  near  the  river. 

Mr.  Davis.  One  hundred  hectares  would  be  how  many  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Two  hundred  and  fifty  acres.  It  is  500  acres  all 
together. 

Mr.  Davis.  I  think  that  is  all,  Mr.  Chairman. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  want  to  make  a  suggestion,  that 
it  is  about  time  to  take  an  adjournment;  and  the  idea  that  is  in  my 
mind  is  that  it  might  be  proper  for  the  chairman  of  this  committee 
to  appear  upon  the  floor  of  the  House  before  the  House  adjourns  and 
ask  that  this  committee  be  permitted  to  sit  during  sessions  of  the 
House,  so  there  may  be  in  the  Record  a  reason  for  the  absence  of 
our  members  on  roll  call.  With  that  understanding,  I  move  we  do 
now  adjourn  until  10  o'clock  to-morrow  morning. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Just  permit  me  one  question,  Mr.  Chairman,  before 
we  adjourn. 

The  Chairman.  Go  ahead. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where,  near  or  on  the  estate,  do  the  laborers  live? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know ;  I  have  never  been  there. 
(The  motion  to  adjourn  was  carried,  and  the  committee  thereupon, 
at  4.45  o'clock  p.  m.,  adjourned  until  to-morrow,  Wednesday,  Decem- 
ber 14,  1910,  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.) 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 20 


House  of  Representatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

Wednesday^  December  H^  1910, 
The  committee  met  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.,  Hon.  Marlin  E.  Olmsted, 
chairman,  presiding. 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman),  Hamilton,  Hubbard  of  Iowa,  Graham  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Parsons,  Madison,  Douglas,  Jones,  Garrett,  Denver,  Fornes, 
and  Rucker  of  Colorado. 

TESTIMONY  OF  CHAELES  H.  SLEEPER— Continued. 

The  Chairman.  Capt.  Sleeper,  have  you  the  sale  certificates  now 
with  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  I  find  that  only  three  were  actually 
issued,  although  I  had  agreed  to  issue  two  more.  They  were  never 
issued  because  the  deed  was  issued  in  the  place  of  one  of  those,  and 
they  agreed  to  wait  for  the  deed  to  the  other  one. 

The  Chairman.  If  you  have  copies  of  them,  please  produce  them. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  This  is  sale  certificate  No.  1,  issued  to  Mr.  E.  L. 
Poole,  for  the  entire  San  Jose  estate. 

The  Chairman.  The  stenographer  will  insert  that  in  the  record 
at  this  point. 

(Said  sale  certificate  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following:) 

Department  of  the  Interiob, 

Bureau  of  Lands. 

Friar  Lands  Division. 

[Cancelled  Jan.  4th,  1910.    C.  W.  R.] 
San  Jost  estate,  1  ct  i         j.-^    x    -^t     ^ 
Mindoro  Province.)  ^^^^  certificate  No.  1. 

I,  C.  H.  Sleeper,  director  of  lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  vendor,  pursuant  to  authority  conferred  upon 
me  by  the  provisions  of  the  friar  lands  act.  No.  1120,  hereby  certify  that  said 
government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  has  this  twenty-third  day  of  November, 
1909,  agreed  to  sell  to  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  a  resident  of  the  city  of  Manila, 
Philippine  Islands,  or  his  nominees,  that  certain  tract  or  parcel  of  land  situate 
in  the  township  of  Bulalacao,  Province  of  Mindoro,  known  and  designated  as 
Hacienda  de  San  Jos^,  and  containing  an  area  of  22,484  hectares,  81  ares,  and 
50  centares. 

The  official  maps,  and  records  of  technical  descriptions  of  surveys  and 
boundaries  of  said  hacienda,  are  on  record  in  the  bureau  of  lands  and  the  court 
of  land  registration,  Manila,  P.  I.,  and  in  the  office  of  the  register  of  deeds  for 
said  province. 

In  consideration  of  this  agreement  by  said  vendor  to  sell,  said  vendee  hereby 
agrees  to  pay  as  the  purchase  price  for  said  land,  to  the  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  the  sum  of  seven  hundred  and  thirty-four  thousand  pesos 
(^=734,000.00),  Philippine  currency,  the  agreed  value  of  said  land  on  the  4th 
day  of  January,  1910,  from  which  date  said  sale  becomes  effective. 

Said  vendee  shall  pay  forty-two  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-five  pesoS 
(^42,875.00)  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910,  and  the  unpaid  balance  of  the 
purchase  price,  as  aforesaid,  shall  then  be  paid  in  nineteen  equal  annual  install- 
ments of  thirty-six  thousand  three  hundred  and  seventy-five  pesos  (^36,375.00) 

251 


252  ADMINISTRATIOIff   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

each,  on  the  4th  day  of  January  of  each  succeeding  year  until  the  entire  pur- 
chase price  has  been  paid. 

Said  purchase  price  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4%) 
per  annum,  from  and  including  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910;  and  each  and 
every  unpaid  balance  thereof  likewise  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four 
per  centum  (4%)  per  annum,  from  and  including  the  day  next  succeeding  the 
date  upon  which  the  last  preceding  annual  installment  of  said  purchase  price, 
together  with  accrued  interest  thereon,  was  paid;  and  each  of  said  annual  in- 
stallments, together  with  accrued  interest,  shall  be  payable  to  the  director  of 
lands,  at  his  office  in  the  city  of  Manila,  the  right  to  a  demand  therefor  being 
hereby  waived  by  said  vendee. 

Upon  the  payment  of  forty-two  thousand  eight  hundred  seventy-five  pesos 
(^42,875.00),  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910,  as  aforesaid,  the  vendor  will 
convey  to  the  vendee  or  his  nominees,  by  proper  instrument  of  conveyance,  two 
hundred  hectares  to  be  designated  by  the  vendee  in  a  single  tract  within  the 
limits  of  the  said  hacienda,  and  upon  completion  of  the  payment  of  the  pur- 
chase i)rice  as  hereinbefore  stated,  together  with  all  accrued  interest,  said 
vendor  will  convey  the  remainder  of  said  land,  by  proper  instrument  of  con- 
veyance, to  said  vendee  or  his  nominees. 

The  signing  of  this  certificate  by  said  vendee  shall  constitute  an  acceptance 
of  all  of  the  terms  and  conditions  hereof,  and  if  said  vendee  should  fail  or 
neglect  to  make  any  payment  as  herein  provided,  the  director  of  lands  shall 
proceed  to  enforce  said  payment  and  the  lien  of  said  vendor,  as  provided  in 
section  17  of  act  No.  1120. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  at  the  bureau  of  lands  in 
the  city  of  Manila  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands, 

Approved : 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

RECEIPT  FOR  SALE  CERTIFICATE. 

City  of  Manila,  PhiUppine  Islands. 

I,  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  hereby  agree  to  accept  all  terms  and  conditions,  as 
established  by  the  director  of  lands,  in  the  foregoing  sale  certificate,  the  receipt 
whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged. 

E.  L.  Poole,  Vendee, 
Conditions  of  certificate  accepted  and  receipt  signed  in  the  presence  of — 

W.  H.  Lawrence. 
C.  W.  Rheberg. 

The  Chairman.  What  is  the  next  sale  certificate  you  have  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  next  is  sale  certificate  No.  2,  to  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole, 
for  18,234  hectares,  81  ares,  50  centares. 

The  Chairman.  What  is  the  date  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  January  4,  1910. 

The  Chairman.  The  stenographer  will  insert  that  certificate  of 
sale  in  the  record  at  this  point. 

(Said  sale  certificate  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following:) 

I Bulalacao  :  Bandillo.  Under  acts  Nos.  1847-193.3  amending  act  No.  1120.  Published 
12/21-22-2.3-'09.  See  B.  L.  file  No.  10756.  Sablayfin  :  Bandillo.  Under  acts  Nos. 
1847-1933  amending  act  No.  1120.  Published  12/23-24-27-09.  See  B.  L.  file  No. 
10756.] 

Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands,   Friar  Lands  Division. 

San  Jos6  ESTATE,  1  ^       eertificate  No.  2. 
Mindoro  Province.  J 

I,  C.  II.  Sleeper.  Director  of  Lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  vendor,  pursuant  to  authority  conferred  upon 
me  by  the  provisions  of  the  friar  lands  act,  No.  1120,  hereby  certify  that  SMid 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  has  this  fourth  day  of  January,  1910, 
agree<i  to  sell  to  K.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  a  resident  of  the  city  of  Manila,  Philippine 
Islands,  or  his  corporate  or  individual  nominees,  that  certain  tract  or  parcel  of 
land  situate  in  the  township  of  Bulalacao,  Province  of  Mindoro,  known  and 
designated  as  Hacienda  de  San  Jose,  except  a  tract  of  four  thousand  two  hu»- 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  253 

dred  hectares  (4,200)  of  said  hacienda,  which  is  the  subject  of  sale  certificate 
No.  3  executed  by  the  parties  hereto  contemporaneously  herewith,  to  which 
reference  is  hereby  made. 

The  official  maps  and  records  of  technical  descriptions  of  surveys  and  bound- 
aries of  said  hacienda  are  on  record  in  the  Bureau  of  Lands  and  the  court  of 
land  registration,  Manila,  P.  I.,  and  in  the  office  of  the  register  of  deeds  for 
said  Province. 

In  consideration  of  this  agreement  by  said  vendor  to  sell,  said  vendee  hereby 
agrees  to  pay  as  the  purchase  price  for  said  land,  to  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  the  sum  of  five  hundred  ninety-six  thousand  nine  hundred 
twenty  pesos  (^596,920),  Philippine  currency,  the  agreed  value  of  said  land  on 
the  fourth  day  of  January,  1910,  from  which  date  said  sale  becomes  effective; 
and  there  are  hereby  credited  upon  said  purchase  price  twenty-nine  thousand 
eight  hundred  forty-six  pesos  (f=29,846),  receipt  of  which  is  hereby  acknowl- 
edged, leaving  a  balance  unpaid  on  said  purchase  price  of  five  hundred  sixty- 
seven  thousand  seventy-four  pesos  (1P567.0T4),  wliich  balance  said  vendee  hereby 
binds  himself  to  pay  in  nineteen  annual  installments,  to  wit  : 

Said  vendee  shall  pay  twenty-nine  thousand  eight  hundred  forty-six  pesos 
(^29,846)  on  the  fourth  day  of  January  of  each  succeeding  year  until  the  entire 
purchase  price  has  been  paid. 

Said  unpaid  balance  of  the  purchase  price  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of 
four  per  centum  (4%)  per  annum,  from  and  including  the  fourth  day  of  Janu- 
ary, 1910,  and  each  and  every  unpaid  balance  thereof  likewise  shall  bear  intei'est 
at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4%)  per  annum,  from  and  including  the  day 
next  succeeding  the  date  upon  which  the  last  preceding  annual  installment  of 
said  purchase  price,  together  with  accrued  interest  thereon,  was  paid;  and  each 
of  said  annual  installments,  together  with  accrued  interest,  shall  be  payable  to 
the  Director  of  Lands,  or  his  duly  authorized  agent,  at  his  otfice  in  the  city  of 
Manila,  or  to  the  Guaranty  Trust  Company  of  New  York,  to  the  credit  of  the 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  as  hereinbefore  set  forth,  the  right  to  a 
demand  therefor  being  hereby  waived  by  said  vendee.  The  vendee  shall  be 
entitled,  however,  at  any  time  to  pay  the  balance  due  upon  the  purchase  price, 
with  accrued  interest  to  the  date  of  such  payment. 

If,  before  the  final  conveyance  of  said  land  by  the  vendor,  the  vendee  shall 
transfer  or  assign  his  interest  in  all  or  any  part  thereof  to  one  or  more 
assignees,  then  this  agreement  shall  be  canceled  as  to  the  part  or  parts  so  trans- 
ferred or  assigned  and  new  agreements  of  like  tenor  executed  by  and  between 
the  vendor  and  such  assignees,  and  the  balance  of  the  purchase  price  then  re- 
maining unpaid,  together  with  accrued  interest  thereon,  shall  be  apportioned  to 
the  vendee  and  his  assignees,  according  to  area. 

Upon  completion  of  the  payment  of  the  purchase  price,  as  hereinbefore  stated, 
together  with  all  accrued  interest,  said  vendor  will  convey  said  land,  by  proper 
instrument  of  conveyance,  to  said  vendee,  or  his  heirs  or  assignees. 

The  signing  of  this  certificate  by  said  vendee  shall  constitute  an  acceptance  of 
all  of  the  terms  and  conditions  hereof,  and  if  said  vendee  should  fail  or  neglect 
to  make  any  payment  as  herein  provided,  the  Director  of  Lands  shall  proceed 
to  enforce  said  payment  and  the  lien  of  said  vendor,  as  provided  in  section  17 
of  act  No.  1120.  The  vendor  hereby  certifies  that  all  of  the  provisions  of  section 
11  of  act  No.  1120,  as  amended,  relative  to  the  sale  of  vacant  lands  under  section 
9  of  the  same  act,  as  amended,  have  been  complied  with. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  at  the  Bureau  of  Lands, 
in  the  city  of  Manila,  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

O.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

Approved  : 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

receipt  for  sale  certificate. 

City  of  Manila,  Philippine  Islands. 

January  //,  1910. 
I,  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  hereby  agree  to  accept  all  terms  and  conditions,  as 
established  by  the  Director  of  Lands,  in  the  foregoing  sale  certificate,  the  receipt 
whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged. 

E.  L.  Poole,  Vendee, 

Conditions  of  certificate  accepted,  and  receipt  signed,  in  the  presence  of — 
Edward  B.  Bruce. 
P.  A.  Prentiss. 


254  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  What  is  the  next  sale  certificate  you  have  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Sale  certificate  No.  3,  issued  to  E.  L.  Poole,  for  4,200 
hectares,  dated  the  3d  day  of  August,  1910. 

The  Chairman.  The  stenographer  will  insert  that  in  the  record  at 
this  point. 

(Said  sale  certificate  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following:) 

Department  of  the  Interiob. 

Bureau  of  Lands. 

Friar  Lands  Division. 

MZalrfpfoS]^-^^-^^-^  -1«  -trncate  No.  3. 

This  agreement,  made  in  duplicate  this  3rd  day  of  August,  A.  D.  1910,  between 
C.  H.  Sleeper,  director  of  lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  E.  L.  Poole,  a  resident  of 
Manila,  Philippine  Islands,  party  of  the  second  part. 

.  Whereas  said  first  party,  being  duly  authorized  by  law,  on  the  fourth  day  of 
January,  A.  D.  1910,  did  agree  to  sell  to  said  second  party  one  certain  tract  of 
land,  forming  a  part  and  parcel  of  the  San  Jos6  de  Mindoro  estate  and  contain- 
ing an  area  of  four  thousand  two  hundred  (4,200)  hectares,  the  boundaries  and 
description  of  which  are  more  particularly  described  and  set  forth  in  sale 
certificate  No.  3  of  said  San  Jos§  de  Mindoro  estate ;  and 

Whereas  said  second  party  on  said  fourth  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910,  did 
covenant  and  agree  with  said  first  party  to  purchase  said  tract  of  land  as  de- 
scribed in  said  sale  certificate,  and  to  pay  therefor  the  price  as  therein  stipu- 
lated, on  the  condition,  however,  that  said  second  party  reserved  the  right, 
within  a  period  of  six  months  from  the  date  thereof,  to  change  the  description 
or  substitute  for  the  lands  described  in  said  certificate,  in  whole  or  in  part, 
other  lands;  provided,  however,  that  the  lands  embraced  in  the  amended  de- 
scription should  contain  the  area  of  four  thousand  two  hundred  (4,200)  hectares, 
and  should  be  within  the  boundaries  of  the  said  San  Jose  de  Mindoro  estate; 
and 

Whereas  said  second  party  on  the  second  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1910,  did  by  his 
attorney  request  a  further  extension  of  thirty  (30)  days  within  which  to  pre- 
pare and  submit  amended  descriptions  of  said  tract,  which  extension  was 
granted  in  writing  by  said  first  party  on  said  second  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1910: 

Witnesseth,  That  said  second  party  has  elected  and  does  hereby  elect  to 
substitute  for  the  tract  as  described  in  said  certificate  No.  3  the  following  tract, 
likewise  lying  within  the  boundaries  of  said  San  Jos6  de  Mindoro  estate,  to-wit: 

Beginning  at  point  1,  a  cement  monument  on  Lansujan  Hills,  which  point  is 
identical  with  point  9,  San  Jos6  boundary,  thence  S.  3°  02'  W.  2,417.0  m.  to 
point  2;  S.  33°  48'  E.  2,321.0  m.  to  point  3;  S.  34°  51'  W.  6,927.7  m.  to  point  4; 
N.  18°  33'  W.  8,977.2  m.  to  point  5 ;  N.  48°  02'  E.  356.3  m.  to  point  6 ;  N.  68°  44' 
E.  341.2  m.  to  point  7;  N.  60°  03'  E.  179.2  m.  to  point  8;  N.  51°  06'  E.  738.8  m. 
to  point  9;  N.  42°  52'  E.  588.6  m.  to  point  10;  N.  60°  42'  E.  498.7  m.  to  point  11; 
N.  83°  14'  E.  352.4  m.  to  point  12;  N.  64°  30'  E.  187.3  m.  to  point  13;  N.  51°  00' 
E.  216.0  m.  to  point  14;  N.  37°  30'  E.  889.6  m.  to  point  15;  N.  75°  34'  E.  707.7  m. 
to  point  16;  N.  63°  13'  E.  374.1  m.  to  point  17;  N.  77°  34'  E.  377.0  m.  to  point 
18;  S.  31°  18'  B.  1,713.8  m.  to  point  1,  point  of  beginning. 

Containing  4,200  hectares. 

Points  2,  3,  and  4  are  cement  monuments  and  identical,  respectively,  with 
points  10,  11,  and  12,  San  Jos6  boundary ;  point  4  is  on  Mindoro  Sea,  at  mouth 
of  Tubaong  River;  points  5  to  18,  inclusive,  on  bank  of  Bugsanga  River. 

It  is  mutually  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties  hereto  that  the  description 
as  hereinabove  stated  shall  be  and  is  the  correct  description  of  the  trfi^t  of  land 
sold  by  said  first  party  to  said  second  party  in  said  sale  certificate  No.  3 ;  that 
this  agreement  shall  be  attached  to  and  incorporated  with  said  certificate  and 
shall  become  a  part  thereof,  and  that  said  certificate  as  herein  amended  shall 
remain  in  force  and  effect  and  binding  upon  all  parties  thereto. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  255 

In  testimony  whereof  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  at  the  city 
of  Manila  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands, 
Edw.  L.  Poole. 
Witnesses : 

C.  W.  Pegues, 
J.  L.  Harrison. 
Approved : 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

[Bulalacao  :  Bandillo.  Under  acts  Nos.  1847-1933,  amending  act  No.  1120.  Pnblislied 
12/21-22-23-'09.  See  B.  L.  File  No.  10756.  SablaySn  :  Bandillo.  Under  acts  Nos. 
1847-1933,  amending  act  No.  1120.  Published  12/23-24-27-09.  See  B.  L.  File  No. 
10756.] 

Department  of  the  Interior. 

Bureau  of  Lands. 

Friar  Lands  Division. 


San  Jos«  Estate.  I  g^I^  certificate  No.  3. 
Mindoro  Province.  J 


I,  C.  H.  Sleeper,  director  of  lands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  vendor,  pursuant  to  authority  conferred  upon 
me  by  the  provisions  of  the  friar  lands  act  No.  1120,  hereby  certify  that  said 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  has  this  fourth  day  of  January,  1910, 
agreed  to  sell  to  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  a  resident  of  Manila,  Philippine  Islands, 
or  his  corporate  or  individual  nominees,  that  certain  tract  or  parcel  of  land 
situate  in  the  township  of  Bulalacao,  Province  of  Mindoro,  containing  an  area 
of  four  thousand  two  hundred  (4,200)  hectares  of  land  known  as  hacienda 
de  San  Jose,  bounded  and  described  as  follows: 

Beginning  at  a  point  on  the  right  bank  of  the  Tabaong  River  at  the  intersec- 
tion of  the  high  water  mark  of  the  river  with  the  high  water  mark  of  the  sea, 
which  point  is  marked  by  a  concrete  monument  inscribed  H.S.J./12  and  wit- 
nessed by  (1)  a  baliti  tree  4  feet  in  diameter  marked  B.T.,H.S.J.  12,  bearing 
S.  77°  14'  E.  52  meters,  (2)  right  end  of  Ilin  Island  bearing  S.  0°  40'  W.,  (3) 
right  end  of  Ampulang  Island  bearing  S.  12°  13'  W.,  and  (4)  south  bank  of 
mouth  of  Bugsanga  River  bearing  approximately  N.  42°  30'  E.  9,600  meters; 
thence  N.  34°  51'  39"  E.  3,440  meters  along  boundary;  thence  approximately 
N.  10°  45'  W.  8,230  meters  to  point  on  south  bank  of  Bugsanga  River  opposite 
northeast  corner  of  island  in  river;  thence  along  south  bank  of  Bugsanga 
River  approximately  S.  62°  00'  W.  7,880  meters  to  south  bank  at  the  mouth  of 
the  river ;  thence  approximately  S.  42°  30'  E.  9,600  meters,  following  coast  line 
to  point  of  beginning. 

The  area  of  the  tract  is  approximately  4,200  hectares. 

It  is  understood  and  agreed  that  the  foregoing  description  is  provisional,  and 
shall  be  altered,  if  necessary,  to  conform  to  the  wishes  of  the  vendee,  who  shall 
be  entitled,  at  any  time  within  six  months  of  the  date  of  this  instrument,  to 
change  the  description,  or  to  substitute  for  the  land  above  described,  in  whole  or 
in  part,  other  lands;  provided,  however,  that  the  lands  embraced  in  the  amended 
description  shall  contain  the  area  of  four  thousand  two  hundred  (4,200)  hec- 
tares, and  shall  be  within  the  boundaries  of  the  said  hacienda  de  San  Jos^. 
In  consideration  of  this  agreement  to  sell,  the  said  vendee  has  paid,  as  the 
purchase  price  for  said  land,  to  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  the 
sum  of  one  hundred  and  thirty-seven  thousand  and  eighty  pesos  (^137,080.0JV) 
Philippine  currency,  the  receipt  of  which  is  hereby  acknowledged  by  the 
vendor.  Upon  notification  of  the  vendee  to  the  vendor,  within  six  months  of 
the  date  of  these  presents,  of  the  final  and  corrected  description  oft»the  lands 
herein  agreed  to  be  sold,  the  said  vendor  will  convey  the  said  lands  by  proper 
instrument  of  conveyance  to  the  said  vendee  or  his  heirs  or  assignees. 

The  vendor  hereby  certifies  that  all  of  the  provisions  of  section  11  of  act  No. 
1120,  as  amended,  relative  to  the  sale  of  vacant  lands  under  section  9  of  the 
same  act,  as  amended,  have  been  complied  with. 


256  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

In  testimony  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  at  the  bureau  of  lands 
In  the  city  of  Manila  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands, 
Approved : 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

RECEIPT  for  sale  CERTIFICATE. 

City  of  Manila,  Philippine  Islands, 

January  //,  1910, 
I,  E.  L.  Poole,  vendee,  hereby  agree  to  accept  all  terms  and  conditions,  as 
established  by  the  director  of  lands,  in  the  foregoing  sale  certificate,  the  receipt 
whereof  is  hereby  acknowledged. 

E.  L.  Poole. 

Vendee. 
Conditions  of  certificate  accepted  and  receipt  signed  in  the  presence  of — 
Edward  B.  Bruce, 
P.  A.  Prentiss. 

The  Chairman.  Do  we  understand,  from  what  you  have  already 
said,  that  Nos.  2  and  3  took  the  place  of  No.  1  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  No.  1  is  canceled  and  is  so  marked. 

The  Chairman.  Are  there  other  sale  certificates  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  more.  I  agreed  to  make  two  more  sale  certifi- 
cates, splitting  up  the  4,200  hectare  tract  if  they  asked  for  it,  but 
they  never  asked  for  them,  inasmuch  as  they  had  a  survey  made  of 
the  tract  of  land  which  was  to  be  transferred  to  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.,  and  the  deed  was  made  to  that  tract,  and  I  have  a 
copy  of  that  deed  here. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  a  deed  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Let  the  stenographer  have  that,  to  be  inserted  in 
the  record  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  that  the  original  deed  or  just  a  copy  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  This  is  the  original  deed.    It  was  made  in  duplicate. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  have  a  copy  of  it ;  not  here,  though. 

(Said  deed  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following:) 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands — Department  of  the  Interior — 

Bureau  of  Lands. 

DEED  to  friar  LANDS  NO.  2. 

Know  an  men  by  these  presents,  tliat  tlie  Mindoro  Development  Company,  a 
corporation  organized  and  existing  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
and  duly  authorized  to  transact  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  having  fully 
complied  with  all  the  provisions  of  law  in  the  premises,  and  having  paid  six 
thousand  five  hundred  thirty-one  pesos  (1*6,531.00)  for  those  certain  tracts  of 
land  situate  in  the  municipality  of  San  Jose,  Province  of  Mindoro,  Philippine 
Islands,  containing  an  area  of  200  H.  10  A.  21  C,  a  part  of  the  San  Jose  friar 
lands  estate,  and  more  particularly  described  as  follows: 

Parcel  1. 

Beginning  at  point  marked  7  on  plan,  a  cement  monument  which  is  identical 
with  point  9  of  the  San  Jose  estate  boundary,  thence  S.  3°  2'  W.  TOO  m.  to  point 
8*  N.  77°  40'  W.  699.2  m.  to  point  9;  S.  41°  55'  W.  1,235.3  m.  to  point  10;  S.  14° 
6'  B  5,025.6  m.  to  point  11 ;  S.  10°  49'  E.  31.8  m.  to  point  12 ;  S.  7°  36'  E.  31.3  m. 
to  point  13 ;  S.  4°  45'  E.  31.3  m.  to  point  14 ;  S.  5°  8'  E.  9.6  m.  to  point  15 ;  S.  34° 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  257 

52'  W.  53.1  m.  to  point  16;  N.  8'  W.  21.8  m.  to  point  17;  N.  1°  41'  W.  29.7  m.  to 
point  18;  N.  4°  44'  W.  29.8  m.  to  point  19;  N.  7°  35'  W.  29.7  m.  to  point  20;  N. 
10°  45'  W.  29.2  m.  to  point  21;  N.  14°  6'  W.  5,025.5  m.  to  point  1 ;  N.  14°  9'  W. 
1,403.3  m.  to  point  2 ;  N.  46°  7'  E.  920.5  m.  to  point  3 ;  S.  26°  8'  E.  468.7  m.  to 
point  4;  S.  48°  19'  E.  156.7  m.  to  point  5;  S.  59°  8'  E.  370.4  m.  to  point  6;  N. 
72°  33'  E.  642.5  m.  to  point  7,  point  of  beginning. 

Containing  1,860,691  square  meters. 

Points  1  and  2  are  monuments;  point  8,  stake. 

Parcel  2. 

Beginning  at  point  marlied  1  on  plan,  which  is  identical  with  point  1  of  above- 
described  property,  thence  N.  14°  9'  W.  1,403.3  m.  to  point  2;  S.  75°  51'  W.  100 
m.  to  point  3;  S.  14°  9'  E.  1,403.3  m.  to  point  4 ;  N.  75°  51'  E.  100  m.  to  point  1, 
point  of  beginning, 

Containing  140,330  square  meters, 

Points  1  and  2  are  monuments. 

Bearings  true.     Variation  1°  15'  E., 
of  which  land  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  the  registered  owner 
in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  land  registration  act,  title  thereto  being 
evidenced  by  certificate  No.  3  of  the  land  records  of  said  province  of  Mindoro : 

Now,  therefore,  in  pursuance  of  authority  vested  in  me  by  act  No.  1705  of 
the  Philippine  Commission,  I,  Charles  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands,  for  and  on 
behalf  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  do  hereby  grant  and  convey 
unto  said  the  Mindoro  Development  Company,  its  successors  and  assigns,  the 
said  property  as  above  described,  together  with  the  buildings  and  improvements 
thereon  and  appurtenances  thereunto  of  right  belonging;  upon  the  condition, 
nevertheless,  that  the  said  property  shall  be,  and  is,  subject  to  any  and  all 
public  easements  and  servitudes  recognized  and  prescribed  by  law,  and  espe- 
cially those  mentioned  in  sections  nineteen  and  twenty  of  act  Numbered  Eleven 
hundred  and  twenty,  known  as  the  friar  land  act. 

In  witness  whereof,  and  by  authority  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  I  hereunto  aliix  my  signature,  in  the  city  of  Manila,  Philippine  Islands, 
on  this  7th  day  of  November,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  nine  hundred 
and  ten. 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

Signed  in  the  presence  of — 
Thomas  L.  Hardy. 
s.  o.  scudder. 

United  States  of  America, 

Philipinne  Islands,  City  of  Manila,  ss: 

On  this  7th  day  of  November,  1910,  personally  appeared  before  me,  Charles  H. 
Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands,  known  to  me  to  be  the  person  who  executed  the 
foregoing  instrument,  and  who  acknowledged  that  the  same  is  his  free  act  and 
deed.  Further,  he  exhibited  to  me  his  certificate  of  registration,  same  being 
No.  F-3,  issued  at  Manila,  and  dated  January  3,  1910. 

Given  under  my   hand  and  seal  of  office  upon  the  date  and  at  the  place 

aforesaid. 

Edward  B.  Bruce,  Notary  Public  for  Manila. 


My  commission  expires  Dec.  31,  1910. 
Approved  this  7th  day  of  November,  1910. 


Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior, 


Mr.  Sleeper.  Accompanying  that  are  plans  of  the  4,200-hectare 
tract,*  and  also  of  the  smaller  tract  transferred  to  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co. 

The  Chairman.  I  suppose  we  can  hardly  pvit  them  m  Uie  record. 
You  may  leave  them,  if  you  will,  for  inspection  of  the  members  of 
the  committee.  .  .  -.i    ,, 

Are  there  any  other  documents  or  records  in  connection  with  the 
sale  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  of  the  San  Jose  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 


258  ADMINISTRATION"   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  You  said  yesterday  you  had  seen  checks  of  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  thought,  but  were  not  entirely  certain,  the 
checks  paid  to  you  or  that  you  received  for  part  payment  of  the  San 
Jose  estate  were  the  checks  of  Mr.  Poole  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  my  recollection  of  it ;  yeSj  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  be  absolutely  certain  it  was  not  the  check 
of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  can  not. 

The  Chairman.  You  state  there  was  something  peculiar  about  the 
check  of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  not  peculiar,  but  to  me  interesting,  as  I  did  not 
know  anything  about  the  company,  and  saw  such  a  check  somewhere. 
I  do  not  recollect  where ;  it  might  have  been  in  the  treasury  bureau,  or 
might  have  been  in  some  bank. 

The  Chairman.  We  understand  you  to  say,  then,  that  you  do  not 
know  whether  it  was  a  check  of  Mr.  Poole  or  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  know.  That  fact  can  be  ascertained, 
I  think,  by  cabling  to  the  treasury  department,  which  handled  the 
check. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  ascertain  and  give  us  the  information  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  In  what  department  would  the  certificate  of  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  be  filed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  incorporation  ? 

The  Chairman.  Yes ;  whatever  certificates  are  required  to  be  filed 
there  in  order  to  enable  it  to  do  business  in  the  Philippines. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  division  of  the  executive  bureau. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  or  not  in  your  charge  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  it  is  not. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  or  can  you  get  a  copy  of  whatever  cer- 
tificate they  filed  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  have  not  a  copy  of  that. 

The  Chairman.  What  was  the  total  price  paid  or  to  be  paid  for 
the  San  Jose  estate,  which  was  sold  to  Mr.  Poole  or  his  nominee? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  $367,000. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  what  the  Philippine  Government 
paid  for  that  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Originally? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  much  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  $298,782.07. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  dollars  or  pesos? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Dollars. 

The  Chairman.  You  referred  to  an  opinion  of  a  law  clerk  in  your 
office  with  reference  to  the  legality  of  the  sale  of  more  than  16  hec- 
tares to  one  individual. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  that  opinion  or  a  copy  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  It  is  contained  in  the  report  of  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior  to  the  governor  of  the  islands. 


ADMINISTBATIOH   OF   PHlLIPPIKE  LANDS.  259 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  opinion  that  you  can 
hand  to  the  stenographer  at  this  point  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  with  me.     I  have  it  in  my  office. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  anything  there  from  which  the  stenog- 
rapher could  copy  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  hand  that  to  the  stenographer? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  in  this  pamphlet  here. 

The  Chairman.  What  pamphlet  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Worcester's  report. 

The  Chairman.  We  have  no  pamphlet  oiRcially  before  us. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  on  pages  149,  150,  and  151  of  Mr.  Worcester's 
report,  a  copy  of  which  I  will  hand  to  the  stenographer. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Stenographer,  you  will  see  that  that  goes 
into  the  record  at  this  point. 

(Said  "  Opinion  of  the  law  officer  of  the  Bureau  of  Lands  "  is  in 
the  words  and  figures  following,  to  wit:) 

Exhibit  C. 

Opinion  of  the  law  officer  of  the  Bureau  of  Lands  on  the  question  whether  the 
Director  of  Lands  has  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual  to 
purchase  from  the  Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands,  constituting  a 
portion  of  the  friar-lands  purchase,  without  restriction  as  to  area. 

Sir:  Pursuant  to  your  verbal  instructions  I  liave  the  honor  to  submit  the 
following  opinion : 

QUESTION. 

Has  the  Director  of  Lands  authority  to  sell  to  an  individual,  or  an  individual 
to  purchase  from  the  Government,  vacant  and  unoccupied  lands,  constituting  a 
portion  of  the  "  friar-lands"  purchase,  without  a  restriction  as  to  area? 


For  the  determination  of  this  question  it  is  first  necessary  to  determine 
whether  the  so-called  friar  lands  are  *'  public  lands  "  within  the  meaning  of  the 
public-land  act,  and  so  subject  to  the  restriction  that  not  more  than  16  hectares 
of  unoccupied  and  unreserved  public  land  can  be  acquired  by  purchase  from  the 
Government  by  an  individual. 

Section  10  of  the  public-land  act,  referring  to  sales  of  the  public  domain, 
restricts  the  operation  of  the  public-land  act,  as  regulating  sales  of  the  public 
domain,  to  "  unoccupied,  unappropriated,  and  unreserved,  nonmineral,  agricul- 
tural public  land,  as  defined  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902." 

The  definition  referred  to,  contained  in  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  is 
found  in  section  12  thereof  as  follows : 

"All  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  by  the  United  States,  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain  signed 
December  10,  1898,  except  such  land  or  other  property  as  shall  be  designated 
by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  military  and  other  reservations  of  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed  under  the  control  of  the 
Government  of  said  islands,  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit  of  the  inhabitants 
thereof,  except  as  provided  in  this  act." 

At  the  date  of  the  signing  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  the  so-called  friar  lands  were 
of  private  ownership,  and  the  Government  acquired  no  property  or  rights  in 
them  (except  those  of  eminent  domain,  which  it  exercises  over  all  property  of 
private  ownership).  Subsequently  the  Government,  under  special  authority  of 
Congress,  acquired  these  lands  by  purchase  from  their  then  owners,  and,  except 
for  any  restrictions  imposed  by  Congress  or  by  legislation  subsequently  enacted 
by  the  Philippine  Commission  or  the  legislature,  it  is  as  free  to  dispose  of  them 
as  would  be  any  private  purchaser  from  the  former  owners. 


260  ADMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  restrictions  imposed  by  Congress  in  this  respect  are  contained  in  section 
65  of  said  act  of  July  1,  1902,  and  are  as  follows  : 

"  Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  con- 
stitute a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily 
for  a  period  not  exceeding  three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  Govern- 
ment on  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations 
and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act:  Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments 
and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the  pay- 
ment of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized  to  be  issued  in  payment 
of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section,  and  said  deferred  payments  shall  bear 
interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  moneys  realized  or  received  from 
sale  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  constitute  a 
trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  bonds,  and  also  con- 
stitute a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity.  Actual 
settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government 
shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their 
holdings  within  such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Gov- 
ernment." 

Section  65  of  the  Philippine  act,  just  quoted,  expressly  authorizes  the  sale  of 
these  lands,  subject  only  to  the  limitations  imposed  in  the  act  itself,  with  the 
proviso  that  actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  of  purchase  shall  have 
the  prior  right  to  lease  and  purchase.  This  proviso  has  no  application  in  the 
present  case,  as  the  lands  under  discussion  are  unoccupied  and  vacant  and 
were  so  at  the  time  of  the  purchase. 

An  examination  of  the  Philippine  act  of  July  1,  1902,  fails  to  disclose  any 
restriction  ns  to  the  amount  of  vacant  friar  lands  that  may  be  sold  to  or  ac- 
quired by  an  individual,  and  there  is  none  in  existing  legislation. 

The  existing  prohibition  against  a  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  owning 
or  controlling  more  than  1,024  hectares  of  land  is  not  to  be  extended  by  impli- 
cation to  include  an  individual  or  even  a  voluntary  association  of  individuals; 
it  is  a  piece  of  what  is  popularly  known  as  ''antitrust"  or  '*  anticorporation  " 
legislation,  and  numerous  reasons  can  be  assigned  as  to  why  the  legislature  saw 
fit  to  make  the  prohibition  as  to  corporations  and  not  as  to  individuals. 

It  is  true  that  in  section  9  of  the  friar-lands  act.  No.  1120,  the  Director  of 
Lands  was  directed  to  proceed  in  the  sale  or  leasing  of  vacant  friar  lands  "  as 
provided  in  Chapter  II  of  the  public-land  act,"  but  this  unquestionably  referred 
to  method  to  be  followed  and  the  steps  to  be  taken  in  such  leasing  or  selling 
and  not  to  the  restrictions  that  limited  an  individual  purchaser  to  16  hectares. 

If  there  were  any  doubt  on  this  latter  point  it  is  of  no  importance  now,  as 
this  provision  of  section  9  of  act  No.  1120  was  repealed  by  act  No.  1847. 

I  am  of  the  opinion  that  the  Director  of  Lands  may  sell  and  an  individual 
purchaser  may  acquire  vacant  and  unoccupied  friar  lands  without  any  restric- 
tion as  to  area. 

Very  respectfully,  Lours  C.  Knight, 

Attorney,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

The  Director  of  Lands, 

Manila,  P.  I, 

Certified  as  correct  copy  : 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

The  Chairman.  You  testified  yesterday  that  you  were  anxious  to 
sell  this  estate  and  other  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Why  were  you  anxious? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  were  paying  interest  on  the  bonds  and  some  ad- 
ministration charges,  and  I  was  anxious  to  sell  the  estate  and  get  rid 
of  that  burden  on  the  Government  there. 

The  Chairman.  By  getting  rid  of  the  burden,  you  mean  the  bur- 
den of  administration,  or  burden  of  the  bonds  ? 

Mr.  SLEEPEfe.  The  burden  of  cost  to  the  Government. 

The  Chairman.  Meaning  you  were  anxious  to  sell  them  so  you 
could  pay  off  the  bonds? 


ADMIJSriSTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  261 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  so  as  to  get  an  income  sufficient  to  pay  off 
the  bonds  eventually. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  You  claim  that  this  San  Jose  estate,  which  you  speak 
of,  stood  the  Government  at  $298,000,  and  you  obtained  $367,000 
for  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  That,  I  presume,  was  $298,000,  with  the  cost  and 
interest  added  to  it?     Would  that  figure  out  about  that  way? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  the  cost  of  administration,  survey,  and  all 
expenses. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Interest  at  what  rate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Four  per  cent. 

The  Chairman.  I  wish  to  take  up  another  branch  of  the  matter; 
at  least  another  feature. 

On  the  report  or  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  dated  June  10, 
1910,  addressed  to  the  Speaker  of  the  House,  in  response  to  resolu- 
tion of  the  House — House  Document  No.  963 — I  find  on  page  5,  under 
the  head  of  "  Friar  lands  leases  since  July  1,  1902,"  this  item : 

"  E.  B.  Bruce,  special,  Isabela  estate,  160  parcels ;  total  area,  19,488 
hectares ;  annual  rent,  $200." 

Will  you  tell  us  about  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  The  Isabela  estate  is  a  large  estate  lying 
in  the  center 

The  Chairman  (interposing).  Before  you  go  on  to  that,  let  me  ask 
where  is  the  San  Jose  estate?    How  far  is  it  from  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  on  the  southwest  end  of  the  Island  of  Mindoro. 
I  will  have  to  refer  to  the  prospectuses,  which  give  the  distance. 

Mr.  Garrett.  This  prospectus  which  I  have  here  says  it  is  165 
nautical  miles  from  Manila. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  tell  us  about  how  long  it  would  take  a 
person  to  travel  from  Manila  to  that  island? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  takes  about  24  hours  to  go  down  there, 
ordinarily. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  tell  us  to  what  extent  the  island  is  in- 
habited? You  have  already  stated  the  San  Jose  estate  to  be  unin- 
habited and  untenanted.  Can  you  tell  us  to  what  extent  the  island 
is  inhabited? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  can  not  tell  you,  but  it  is  published  in 
the  census.    I  do  not  remember  the  exact  number. 

The  Chairman.  We  will  get  it  from  another  source. 

Tell  us  now  about  the  Isabela  estate  lease  to  "  E.  B.  Bruce,  special." 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Isabela  estate  is  located  in  the  Province  of 
Isabela,  which  is  about  the  center  of  the  Island  of  Luzon,  the  north 
end  of  it,  110  miles  from  the  seacoast  up  the  Cagayan  River.  This 
estate  consisted  of  4,972^  acres  and  cost  the  Government  $159,858.01. 

The  Chairman.  The  lease  did  not  cover  the  entire  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  The  estate  was  practically  unoccupied  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  families,  who  had  been  induced  to  go  on  there 
by  the  friars,  who  formerly  controlled  it  and  occupied  a  certain 
portion  of  the  estate,  a  very  small  portion. 

The  Chairman.  What  income,  if  any,  was  ever  derived  from  this 
estate,  or  at  least  from  the  portion  of  it  which  was  leased,  prior  to 
and  at  the  time  of  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  very  small  income;  less  thait  $500  a  year, 


262  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS, 

The  Chairman.  For  the  whole  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  lease  which  was  made 
with  Mr.  Bruce  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  a  copy  of  it  on  pages  160  and  161  of  the 
report  of  Mr.  Worcester,  to  which  I  have  already  referred. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  a  correct  copy? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  certified. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Stenographer,  you  will  see  that  a  copy  of  that 
lease  is  inserted  in  the  record  at  this  point. 

(Said  lease  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following,  to  wit:) 

Exhibit  F. 

Copy  of  the  lease  of  the  Isatela  estate  to  Edward  B.  Bruce, 

Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Friar  Lands  Division. 
ISABELA  Estate,  Isa'bela  Province: 

SPECIAL  LEASE   NO.   1. 

This  memorandum  of  agreement  made  at  Manila,  PhiUppine  Islands,  this 
6th  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910,  between  0.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  acting  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Edward  B.  Bruce,  of  Manila,  party  of 
the  second  part: 

Witnesseth :  That  for  and  in  consideration  of  the  sum  of  two  hundred  pesos 
(f^200.00)  in  hand  paid  by  said  second  party  to  said  first  party,  receipt  whereof 
is  hereby  aclmowledged,  and  of  the  covenants  and  agreements  hereinafter  men- 
tioned to  be  kept  and  performed  by  said  second  party,  said  first  party  has  de- 
mised and  leased  to  said  second  party  those  certain  parcels  or  tracts  of  land, 
situated  within  and  forming  a  part  of  the  Isabela  friar  lands  estate,  in  the 
Province  of  Isabela,  Island  of  Luzon,  Philippine  Islands,  according  to  the  plats 
of  the  oflicial  surveys  of  said  estate  now  on  file  and  of  record  in  the  office  of 
the  Bureau  of  Lands  at  Manila,  to  wit: 

Lots  numbered  4,  5,  6,  9,  13,  15,  16,  24,  26,  28,  30,  31,  41,  43,  45,  46,  48,  49,  52, 
53,  55,  57,  58,  60,  61,  63,  64,  65,  68,  75,  76,  77,  78,  79,  82,  83,  86,  101,  102,  103,  104, 
308,  109,  110,  112,  114,  115,  116,  117,  118,  119,  122,  123,  125,  126,  127,  128,  129. 
330,  331,  332,  133,  134,  135,  136,  137,  338,  139,  140,  141,  142,  143,  344,  145,  146, 
147,  148,  149,  150,  151,  152,  153,  154,  155,  156,  157,  158,  159,  160,  161,  162,  163, 
164,  165,  166,  367,  169,  173,  175,  177,  178,  179,  180,  181,  182,  183,  184,  185,  186, 
387,  388,  389,  390,  191,  192,  193,  194,  195,  196,  197,  198,  199,  200,  206,  207,  208, 
209,  216,  222,  226,  227,  228,  229,  230,  231,  232,  234,  235,  236,  237,  238,  239,  240, 
241,  242,  243,  244,  245,  246,  247,  248,  249,  250,  251,  252,  253,  254,  and  255,  and 
containing  on  area  of  39,448  hectares  35  ares  and  44  cen tares,  more  or  less. 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  parcels  or  tracts  with  the  appurtenances  there- 
unto of  right  belonging  unto  the  said  second  party,  for  a  term  of  one  (1)  year, 
dating  from  the  1st  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910,  until  the  31st  day  of  December, 
A.  D.  1910,  both  dates  inclusive. 

(1)  It  is  mutually  covenanted  and  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties  hereto, 
that  if,  on  or  before  the  expiration  of  said  term  of  one  (1)  year,  said  second 
party  shall  elect  to  purchase  the  premises  herein  leased,  said  first  party  on  be- 
half of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  will  sell  and  convey  by  good 
and  sufficient  deed  the  absolute  title  in  and  to  said  premises ;  and  the  execution 
and  delivery  of  said  deed  of  conveyance  from  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  to  said  second  party  shall  be  effected  in  accordance  with  the  pro- 
visions of  the  friar  lands  act  as  amended :  Provided,  however,  That  this  option 
to  purchase  shall  terminate  upon  the  31st  day  of  December,  1910,  the  date  of 
expiration  of  this  agreement. 

(2)  It  is  further  agreed  that  the  consideration  for  said  sale  and  conveyance 
of  the  premises  herein  leased,  should  said  second  party  elect  to  purchase  same, 
shall  be  the  sum  of  four  hundred  twenty-two  thousand  five  hundred  pesos 
(1P422,500.00),  currency  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  together  with  interest  thereon 


ADMINISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  263 

at  the  rate  of  four  per  centum  (4%)  per  annum  from  and  including  the  1st 
day  of  January,  1910;  and  the  payment  of  said  purchase  price  or  installments 
thereof,  together  with  all  interests  accruing  thereon,  shall  be  made  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  said  friar  lands  act  as  amended. 

(3)  It  is  further  agreed  that  said  second  party,  at  his  sole  expense,  shall 
cause  an  immediate  examination  of  said  premises  to  be  made  by  a  competent 
soil  and  agricultural  expert,  for  the  purpose  of  determining  the  quality  of  the 
soil  and  such  other  conditions,  circumstances,  and  considerations  as  may  affect 
the  value  of  said  premises  for  agricultural  purposes  and  shall  cause  a  true 
report  to  be  prepared  of  the  result  of  said  examination  and  investigation ;  and 
should  said  second  party  fail  to  exercise  his  option  to  purchase  as  herein 
granted,  he  will  deliver  to  said  first  party  upon  the  date  of  the  expiration  of 
this  agreement,  free  of  all  expense  or  charge,  the  said  report,  together  with  all 
statistics  and  data  prepared  and  submitted  by  said  soil  and  agricultural  expert 
in  the  course  of  his  examination  of  said  premises. 

And  said  first  party  hereby  certifies  that  all  of  the  provisions  of  section  11 
of  act  No.  1120,  as  amended,  relative  to  the  leasing  of  vacant  lands  under  sec- 
tion 9  of  said  act,  as  amended,  have  been  complied  with.  This  lease  and  the 
option  to  purchase  herein  granted  may  be  assigned  by  said  second  party. 

In  testimony  whereof  the  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands  at  the 
place  and  upon  the  date  first  hereinabove  written. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  of  Lands,  Party  of  the  First  Part. 
Edward  B.  Bruce, 
Party  of  the  Second  Part, 
Witnesses : 

C.  D.  Behrens. 
C.  W.  Rheberg. 

Approved  this  21st  day  of  January,  A.  D.  1910. 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
Certified  copy: 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 

The  Chairman.  Why  is  that  denominated  "  special  ?  " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Because  it  is  not  an  ordinary  friar-lands  lease  under 
the  ordinary  conditions. 

In  the  latter  part  of  1909  I  was  looking  around  for  somebody  to 
take  up  this  land,  which  we  thought  was  very  good  tobacco  land. 
I  had  previously  made  a  visit  to  the  estate  and  gone  over  it,  and 
found  a  few  occupants  who  had  agreed  to  purchase,  and  one  end 
of  the  estate,  a  corner  of  it,  was  occupied  by  some  wild  people.  The 
balance  of  the  estate  was  entirely  unoccupied  land,  but  it  seemed  to 
me  to  be  of  good  quality,  and  I  had  been  inquiring  around  to  see 
if  I  could  get  a  customer.  Mr.  Bruce,  or  Mr.  Lawrence  primarily, 
of  the  firm  of  Bruce  &  Lawrence,  spoke  to  me  about  getting  some 
tobacco  land  somewhere.  I  told  him  of  this  estate,  and  he  came  down 
and  said  that  he  thought  he  could  get  a  few  fellows  over  at  Manila 
who  would  go  into  that,  to  see  if  they  could  not  do  something  with  it. 
They  asked  me  on  what  terms  we  would  give  them  the  lease.  I  ad- 
vised them  we  would  give  them  the  best  terms  possible,  as  the  estate 
was  bringing  a  very  small  income  and  was  unoccupied,  and  we 
desired  to  get  it  cultivated  if  possible  and  occupied. 

About  that  time  Mr.  Lawrence  went  away  and  Mr.  Bruce,  his 
partner,  took  the  question  up  again,  and  we  finally  agreed  to  the  form 
of  lease,  which  was  made  after  consultation  with  the  secretary  of  the 
interior. 


264  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  lease  is  for  a  nominal  sum,  was  to  last  for  the  calendar  year, 
and  the  main  feature  of  the  lease  was  to  get  the  land  examined  and 
see  what  it  was  good  for,  and  give  them  an  option,  so  they  could  pur- 
chase after  examination,  if  they  concluded  that  it  was  worth  their 
while.  The  government  would  have  the  benefit  of  whatever  inves- 
tigation they  made,  and  it  was  informally  agreed  they  were  to  hire 
a  good  man,  and  they  did  hire  a  good  man,  and  they  estimated  the 
expense  at  ^12,000.    That  lease  will  terminate  at  the  end  of  this  year. 

The  Chairman.  Was  there  any  provision  in  it  for  continuance  at 
the  option  of  Mr.  Bruce  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  It  expires  absolutely  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  an  option  to  purchase,  which  expires,  and  then 
we  get  the  benefit  of  their  investigation. 

The  Chairman.  Has  that  option  been  accepted  by  Mr.  Bruce  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  not  yet. 

The  Chairman.  Has  he  in  any  way  indicated  his  intention  in  rela- 
tion to  that  lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  he  has  not.  I  have  talked  with  him  about  the 
subject,  and  he  said  his  investigator  had  reported  it  was  not  such 
good  tobacco  land ;  that  only  a  small  part  of  it  was  good  tobacco  land ; 
that  he  was  not  ready  to  say  whether  they  were  going  to  take  up  the 
option  or  not. 

The  Chairman.  The  option  is  to  purchase  for  ^422,500? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  what  that  land  originally  cost  the 
Philippine  government  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  I  mean  that  portion  of  the  estate  which  you  cov- 
ered in  this  lease. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  calculate  that  from  the  land  already 
sold ;  but  this  is  the  actual  price  of  the  land  that  they  were  going  to 
purchase —  the  cost  plus  all  charges  against  it  at  the  date  of  purchase. 

The  Chairman.  And  with  interest? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  with  interest. 

The  Chairman.  In  other  words,  while  the  cost  may  have  varied, 
the  principle  of  computation  of  sale  price  is  the  same  as  that  in  the 
case  of  the  San  Jose  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Was  any  portion  of  this  Isabela  estate  under  lease 
at  the  time  this  lease  was  made  to  Mr.  Bruce? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  What  was  the  annual  rental  paid  by  the  other 
tenant  or  tenants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  were  93  other  occupants  on  this  estate.  They 
were  holding  59  hectares  and  48  ares,  and  the  annual  contracted  rents 
were  $100  a  year.  Subsequently  these  lessees  purchased  their  land, 
and  everyone  on  the  estate  except  the  Bruce  estate  have  purchased 
their  homes. 

The  Chairman.  Did  they  purchase  on  the  same  terms  and  condi- 
tions as  those  expressed  in  the  Bruce  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  except  that  their  periods  of  payment  were 
less ;  in  fact,  we  had  collected  so  much  rent  from  some  of  them  that 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  265 

they  did  not  have  to  pay  anything  more,  and  we  are  ready  now  to  issue 
them  deeds  for  their  property. 

The  Chairman.  What  do  you  say  as  to  the  rent  which  is  provided 
in  this  lease  to  be  paid  by  Mr.  Bruce  for  the  one  year  as  compared 
with  rentals  paid  by  the  other  tenants  of  the  Isabela  estate?  Is  it 
higher  or  lower  or  the  same  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  very  much  lower.  It  was  merely  a  nominal  rent. 
The  rent  was  not  the  consideration. 

The  Chairman.  Why  was  a  lower  rent  given  to  Mr.  Bruce  than  to 
the  other  tenants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Because  he  had  to  go  to  much  expense,  while  the  other 
tenants  were  not  to  any  expense.    They  were  raising  crops. 

The  Chairman.  Did  not  they  have  to  go  to  expense  before  they  got 
their  ground  in  condition  to  raise  crops? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  in  condition  when  they  went  on  it. 

The  Chairman.  When  they  bought  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  What  amount,  if  you  know,  did  Mr.  Bruce  have  to 
spend,  or  did  he  expend,  on  this  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  estimated  amount  was  $6,000  gold  for  the  ex- 
pense of  that  expert  from  the  United  States  to  the  estate  and  his 
examinations  of  the  land  and  report. 

The  Chairman.  And  he  has  had  the  expert  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  expert  has  been  on  the  ground  and  I  believe  has 
left  there,  but  I  have  not  seen  his  report  yet. 

The  Chairman.  Have  any  crops  been  grown  on  this  Bruce  lease- 
hold during  this  year  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  not  that  I  know  of. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  not  under  cultivation  yet? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Where  does  Mr.  Bruce  live? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Manila. 

The  Chairman.  Whom  does  he  represent  in  the  lease  besides  him- 
self, if  anybody,  so  far  as  you  know? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Olsen,  of  W.  E.  Olsen  &  Co. ;  Mr.  Lawrence,  his 
law  partner;  Mr.  Lowenstein,  of  Castle  Bros.,  Wolf  &  Sons.  Those 
are  the  onty  names  that  he  mentioned  to  me. 

The  Chairman.  These  are  all  the  questions  I  care  to  ask  upon  this 
branch  of  the  case.  Do  the  other  members  of  the  committee  desire 
to  ask  anything  further? 

Mr.  EucKER.  What  is  the  character  of  crops  raised  by  these  93  oc- 
cupants of  whom  you  speak  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Tobacco  and  corn.  That  is  what  I  saw  on  the  estate — 
tobacco  and  corn. 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  You  say  Mr.  Olsen  and  Mr.  Lawrence  and  Mr.  Low- 
enstein are  the  only  ones  mentioned  by  Mr.  Bruce? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Those  are  the  only  ones. 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  That  were  his  associates  in  this  lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  They  were  the  ones  to  whom  you  referred  a  while 
ago  as  being  the  parties  that  he  thought  lived  in  Manila  that  he 
could  get  associated  with  him  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 21 


266  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  any  map  of  this  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.     I  do  not  have  it  here,  but  I  have  a  map. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  ask  that  the  map  be  produced  for  the  inspection 
of  the  committee. 

(See  prospectus  Isabela  estate.) 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  the  purchase  price  for  this  estate  been  paid  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  None  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  except  for  those  few  parcels  that  the  natives 
purchased  themselves. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  far  is  this  estate  from  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  110  miles  from  Aparri  to  the  estate,  and  I  think 
if  they  go  overland  direct  it  would  be  250  miles  from  Manila. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  are  the  means  of  transportation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  means  of  transportation  from  Manila  are  by 
sea  to  Aparri,  and  then  up  the  river  from  Aparri  to  the  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  river  is  Aparri  at  the  mouth  of? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Cagayan  River. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  long  a  trip  is  it  by  the  river  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  dry  season  it  is  about  five  days.  In  the  sea- 
son when  the  steamers  can  run  they  go  up  in  a  day  or  a  day  and  a 
half.  It  took  me  two  days  when  the  water  was  fairly  high.  The 
river  overflows,  and  then  the  large  steamers  ascend  the  river  up  to 
Iligan,  and  from  there  on  only  the  small  boats  can  go  up  to  the  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  do  they  grow  on  the  lands  near  the  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  one  hacienda  which  adjoins  the  estate  on 
which  they  grow  tobacco.  Otherwise  the  estate  is  bound  by  land 
practically  uncultivated — probably  public  land,  mostly. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  is  grown  in  that  locality  in  that  valley  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Tobacco  and  corn. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Anything  else? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Those  are  the  principal  crops. 

Mr.  Fornes.  Do  you  have  to  make  but  one  change  of  boats  in 
getting  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  you  have  to  make  two  changes  or  else  go  horse- 
back. 

Mr.  Fornes.  Two  changes,  then  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  go  up  by  steamer  part  of  the  way  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  go  by  coast  steamer  to  Aparri  or  perhaps  up 
the  river  2  or  3  miles  to  the  port  of  Lalloo.  Then  you  change 
to  river  steamer  and  go  as  far  as  Ilagan,  and  a  part  of  the  best  sea- 
son perhaps  higher,  and  then  you  have  to  change  to  a  small  boat 
worked  by  hand  or  a  small  launch  or  go  horseback  overland. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  towns  or  barrios  are  there  in  the  vicinity? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  principal  town  is  Cauayan,  on  the  river.  This 
estate  is  on  the  Magat  Eiver,  which  is  the  main  branch  of  the  Caga- 
yon  River,  but  Cauayan  is  on  the  other  river,  the  main  town,  some 
3  or  4  miles  from  the  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  large  a  town  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.  The  town  of  Rein  a  Mecedos  is  also 
down  the  river  some  distance  from  the  boundary  of  the  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  far  is  that? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  267 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  a  small  town.  I  do  not  know;  I  did  not  go 
there.  I  think  the  boundary  of  the  town  or  the  outskirts  are  ad- 
jacent to  the  boundary  of  the  estate,  although  the  estate  is  not  in  the 
town  of  Reina  Mecedes. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  stated  that  none  of  the  purchase  money  for  this 
estate  had  been  paid,  I  believe? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  any  of  it  due  according  to  the  terms  of  the  contract 
of  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  will  the  first  payment  be  due  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  first  payment  on  account  of  sales  will  be  due  at 
the  close  of  this  option,  which  is  the  31st  day  of  this  month. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  31st  day  of  this  month  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  31st  day  of  December,  1910.  That  is  the  date 
of  the  expiration  of  this  agreement. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  there  will  be  one  cash  payment  due? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Cliairman.  What  is  the  business  or  occupation  of  Mr.  Bruce? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Bruce  is  an  attorney. 

Mr.  Garrett.  A^Tiat  do  you  mean  by  "  town  ?  "  You  say  there  is  a 
town  on  the  other  river,  and  then  there  is  a  town  the  boundary  lines 
of  which  touch  those  of  this  estate. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  a  small  settlement,  with  a  few  houses  there.  I 
presume  it  is  a  barrio  of  some  larger  town. 

Mr.  Garrett.  AVhat  is  the  legal  definition  of  "  town  ?  "  Is  it  a 
township,  or  what?     What  does  it  correspond  to  with  us? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  divisions  up  there  are  municipalities  and  bar- 
rios. The  barrios,  or  a  good  many  of  them,  were  originally  towns, 
and  we  still  call  them  towns — small  villages. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  large  an  area  does  a  municipality  cover  ?  Does 
that  correspond  to  a  county  with  us? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  it  corresponds  to  a  county. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Then  a  barrio  w^ould  be  a  township  within  a  county  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  The  next  estate  that  comes  under  consideration  is 
the  Tala  estate,  and  the  lease  of  Mr.  Carpenter  is  referred  to  on  page 
9  of  the  Keport  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  dated  June  10,  1910.  I  find 
this  printed  there : 

Carpenter,  F.  W.  (special),  Tala,  197  parcels,  2,067  hectares. 

Mr.  Jones,  I  will  ask  you  if  you  will  examine  the  witness  in  refer- 
ence to  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  page  is  that,  Mr.  Chairman? 

The  Chairman.  It  is  in  this  little  pamphlet  here,  entitled  "  Letter 
from  the  Secretary  of  War,"  at  page  9.  That  merely  gives  what  I 
have  read,  that  there  was  a  lease  to  "  Carpenter,  F.  W.  (special),  197 
parcels,"  aggregating  2,0G7  hectares  and  a  fraction. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  What  page  is  that? 

The  Chairman.  It  is  page  9  of  this  little  pamphlet.  The  lease 
itself,  I  find,  is  printed  on  page  102  of  the  report  of  Mr.  Worcester, 
to  which  we  have  been  referring. 

Mr.  Jones.  Please  state  what  this  case  covers,  to  whom  tho  sale 
was  made,  and  so  forth,  in  a  general  way. 


268  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  lease  of  the  Tala  estate  was  another  special 
lease  made  for  the  purpose  of  securing  the  occupation,  or  at  least  the 
cultivation,  of  lands  which  had  been  long  uncultivated  and  unoc- 
cupied at  that  time.  I  had  been  looking  around  for  somebody  to 
go  out  on  this  estate,  which  is  adjacent  to  Manila  and  contains  16,740 
acres,  of  which  perhaps  20  per  cent  was  occupied,  to  see  if  I  could 
not  get  somebody  who  would  take  it  up  and  cultivate  it  or  do  some- 
thing with  it  so  we  could  get  some  revenue.  Mr.  Carpenter  inci- 
dentally mentioned  to  me  one  day  at  lunch  that  he  thought  he  could 
do  some  farming  in  the  Philippine  Islands ;  that  he  had  an  idea  the 
Americans  who  had  tried  to  farm  there  and  failed  did  not  know  how 
to  work  it  and  did  not  know  how  to  do  it.  I  asked  him  why  he  did 
not  take  some  of  these  friar  lands.  He  interested  himself  from  that 
time  on,  and  I  finally  sent  my  assistant  out  there  with  him  to  look 
over  this  estate.  On  his  return  he  said  that  he  thought  he  could 
take  a  small  portion  of  that  estate  and  cultivate  it,  if  he  could  find 
somebody  who  would  go  in  with  him.  He  wanted  to  know  the  terms, 
and  I  told  him  we  would  make  the  best  possible  terms,  as  the  price 
was  not  so  much  important  as  the  fact  of  getting  it  under  cultiva- 
tion or  occupied,  so  that  at  some  time  we  would  derive  some  revenue. 
The  natives  had  been  approached  and  refused  to  do  anything,  and 
only  a  very  few  of  them  had  leases,  and  in  fact  the  estate  was  unoc- 
cupied. It  was  in  a  territory  that  was  very  difficult  to  get  to.  It 
was  either  walk  or  horseback  from  Manila  during  nearly  all  of  the 
year.  Although  it  was  within  9  miles  of  Manila,  the  roads  were 
very,  very  bad  and  had  been  bad  for  years.  The  country  had 
formerly  been  infested  by  cattle  thieves  and  robbers  and  others  ever 
since  the  Spanish  times,  and  the  people  were  afraid  to  go  on  the 
estate.  We  finally  agreed  on  this  form  of  lease,  after  Mr.  Carpenter 
had  obtained  the  authority  necessary  to  allow  him  to  enter  into  a 
private  business,  it  being  considered  a  fair  contract  for  the  Govern- 
ment and  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  say,  "  after  Mr.  Carpenter  had  obtained  the  au- 
thority necessary  to  permit  him  to  go  into  private  business."  What 
do  you  mean  by  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  mean  that  no  employee  of  the  civil  Government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  can  enter  into  any  private  business  without 
first  obtaining  the  authority  of  the  secretary  of  his  department  or 
of  the  Governor  General. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  that  a  statute  of  the  Philippine  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  an  executive  order. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  said  this  land  was  located  about  9  miles  from 
Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  it  across  the  bay  from  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  it  is  a  little  east  of  north. 

Mr.  Jones.  Not  in  Cavite  Province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  it  is  in  Eizal  Province. 

Mr.  Jones.  In  Rizal  Province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  amount  of  the  land  contracted  for  by  Mr.  Car- 
penter was  less  than  1,024  hectares?  I  think  you  said  it  was  1,600 
acres,  did  you  not? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  269 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  did  not.  I  do  not  think  I  said  how  much 
it  was. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  much,  then,  was  it  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Originally  I  think  it  was  intended  that  Mr,  Car- 
penter would  have  to  take,  under  his  contract,  I  think,  some  6,000 
hectares,  or  between  12,000  and  14,000  acres. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  do  not  understand.  You  said  he  would  have  to  take 
6,000  acres,  and  now  you  say  between  12,000  and  14,000  acres. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  6,000  hectares.  I  had  estimated  the  unoccu- 
pied land  on  the  estate,  but  as  time  went  on  it  Avas  reduced,  so  I 
think  the  original  contract  we  entered  into  did  not  call  for  more 
than  about  5,000  acres.  That  information  I  do  not  exactly  recollect, 
because  we  were  working  then,  not  on  actual  surveys,  but  on  surveys 
made  by  the  use  of  the  plaiiimeter.  We  knew  the  boundaries  of  those 
parcels  and  had  not  computed  the  areas  of  the  various  parcels  on 
the  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  As  an  individual,  he  was  not  prohibited  from  having 
more  than  2,500  acres  of  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper-  At  the  time  he  made  this  original  agreement — there 
is  a  clause  in  it  which  provides  he  may  purchase,  if  the  legislature 
passes  the  amendment  to  the  friar-land  act  which  was  pending  at  the 
time  this  lease  was  under  consideration. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that.  I  will  ask  about  that  fifth  clause 
in  the  contract  presently. 

According  to  your  construction  of  the  law,  there  was  no  objection 
to  him,  as  an  individual,  purchasing  more  than  1,024  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  will  ask  you  about  that  section  5  now.  Does  any  other 
contract  of  sale  or  lease  ever  made  by  your  department  contain  any 
such  provision  as  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  because  there  was  no  such  occasion  for  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  That,  then,  is  an  exceptional  provision  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  The  people  were  not  so  anxious  to  get  this 
land  as  might  appear,  in  large  tracts,  because  it  necessitated  a  large 
amount  of  money  to  cultivate  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  not  the  land  within  9  or  10  miles  of  Manila  valuable 
land  for  agricultural  purposes? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  not  in  this  direction. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  it  hilly  or  mountainous? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  very  hilly,  very  poor  land,  according  to  my 
judgment — clay  and  X^ery  little  soil. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  is  the  average  price  Mr.  Carpenter  w^as  to  pay 
for  it  per  hectare  or  acre  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Under  the  lease  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  No ;  I  mean  in  the  event  he  concluded  to  buy. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  At  that  time  we  did  not  know.  He  was  to  pay  the 
actual  cost  plus  the  charges,  the  same  as  anybody  else. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  was  the  minimum  amount  for  which  it  could  be 
sold? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  he  exercised  his  option  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  a  small  quantity  of  land  he  has  already  purchased. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  much? 


270  AJ>MINISTRATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  signed  sale  certificates  for  about  25  hectares,  or 
62-J  acres. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  has  been  paid  for? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Partial  payments  have  been  made  or  else  total  pay- 
ments have  been  made. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  do  not  know,  then,  w^hether  a  deed  has  been  exe- 
cuted for  that  amount? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  deed  has  been  executed ;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Would  not  that  indicate  that  much  had  not  been  wholly 
paid  for? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  because  we  have  not  been  issuing  deeds 
during  the  last  year,  we  have  been  so  very  busy  issuing  sales  certifi- 
cates. We  have  not  got  around  to  issue  final  deeds  to  those  that  have 
already  paid ;  so  that  w^ould  not  indicate  anything. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  know  why  Mr.  Carpenter  purchased  or  con- 
cluded to  purchase  this  particular  piece  of  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  This  particular  piece  included  a  very  large  number  of 
small  parcels  scattered  all  around.  I  think  he  decided  rather  than 
to  keep  on  signing  leases  every  year  or  paying  rent  he  would  just  close 
it  up  and  get  his  sales  certificate  signed. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  know  whether  he  has  improved  that  land  any 
since  he  purchased  it  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  These  particular  parcels? 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  know.  I  think  these  parcels  prob- 
ably have  not  been  improved.  They  are  very  small  parcels,  as  I 
recall  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  know  whether  any  persons  are  associated  wath 
Mr.  Carpenter  in  the  purchase  of  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not.     He  says  not. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  did  not  catch  that  answer. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  says  not.  I  do  not  know  of  any  that  are  asso- 
ciated wdth  him.  He  has,  however,  a  man,  a  Filipino,  that  I  have 
met  on  the  estate  and  in  my  office,  but  whether  he  is  an  employee  or 
associated  I  do  not  know,  but  he  looks  after  his  business. 

Mr.  Jones.  Whether  he  is  a  partner  or  manager  of  the  estate  you 
do  not  know  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know ;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  do  not  care  to  ask  any  more  questions. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Sleeper,  who  is  Carpenter? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Carpenter?  Frank  W.  Carpenter  is  executive  secre- 
tary. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  are  his  duties  as  executive  secretary? 

Mr.  Sleei'er.  He  has  charge  of  the  executive  bureau. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  do  you  mean  by  the  executive  bureau? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  a  sort  of  clearing  house  between  other  bureaus 
of  the  Government,  and  also  attends  to  the  executing  of  the  orders  of 
the  governor  and  other  executive  officers. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  a  clerk  of  the  governor  and  secretary  to  the 
governor  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  I  think  he  is  secretary  to  the  governor.  The 
governor  is  the  executive,  and  he  is  the  executive  officer. 

Mr.  Madison.  Where  does  he  have  his  office  ? 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  271 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  same  building  with  the  governor  and  the  other 
secretaries  of  the  departments  and  the  legislature. 

Mr.  Madison.  Does  he  have  his  office  immediately  adjacent  to  that 
of  the  governor  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  regarded  as  the  governor's  confidential  man? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  governor  has  a  private  secretary  in  addi- 
tion to  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  one  of  the  confidential  men  of  the  governor? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  is? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  His  relations  with  him  in  an  official  way,  then,  are 
very  close? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  From  what  place  is  Mr.  Carpenter;  what  State  in 
the  United  States? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is  from  New  York  State. 

Mr.  Madison.  By  whom  was  he  appointed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  could  not  say. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  related  to  any  of  the  members  of  the  Philip- 
pine Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  related  to  any  of  the  commissioners? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  say  you  induced  him  to  lease  this  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  think  I  rather  called  his  attention  to  it, 
and  tried  to  get  him  to  take  it  up. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  it  true  that,  as  director  of  the  bureau,  you  so- 
licited men  to  lease  and  to  buy  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  have,  on  occasion. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  make  that  a  business  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  that  is  not  my  principal  business.  I  have  agents 
to  do  that,  however,  but  if  I  come  across  a  man  who  is  looking  for 
land  I  certainly  invite  his  attention  to  these  friar  estates. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you,  as  the  head  of  that  bureau,  maintain  an 
organization  for  the  sale  of  these  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  advertise  it  for  lease  or  sale  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  but  not  in  the  way  that  the  real  estate  dealer 
would  advertise  it.     I  have  considered  that  very  carefully. 

Mr.  Madison.  Advertise  in  the  newspapers  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  We  advertise,  not  through  regular  adver- 
tising mediums,  but  through  reports,  or  otherwise. 

Mr.  Madison.  Simply  through  official  reports? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Simply  through  official  reports  and  through  the 
agents — my  agents  in  the  provinces. 

Mr.  Madison.  Personal  solicitation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  persons  do  you  solicit?  Natives  of  the  islands 
or  Americans  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  kinds. 

Mr.  Madison.  All  kinds  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 


272  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  have  any  agents  in  this  or  any  foreign  coun- 
try for  the  sale  of  those  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Your  solicitations,  then^  are  confined  solely  to  those 
who  either  live  in  or  temporarily  reside  in  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  or  tourists  passing  through. 

Mr.  Madison.  They  would  be  temporary  residents? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  had  reference  to  those — transient  persons  passing 
through. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  difficulties,  if  any,  have  you  encountered  in 
disposing  of  these  friar  lands  ?  To  put  it  differently,  what  demand 
has  there  been  for  these  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Outside  of  the  occupants  of  the  land  at  the  time  we 
took  possession  about  five  years  ago,  there  has  been  absolutely  no 
demand  for  them. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  stated  a  moment  ago  that  you  had  been  very 
busy  issuing  sales  certificates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  that  indicative  of  a  demand  for  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  That  was  indicative  of  the  fact  we  had 
completed  our  five  years'  work,  surveying  and  classifying  these 
lands  and  getting  them  ready  for  sale,  and  selling  these  lands  that 
had  been  leased  to  the  occupants. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  there  been  an  increased  demand  for  the  lands 
recently  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  has  occasioned  that,  if  you  know  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  presume  the  Payne  tariff  bill. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  Payne  tariff  bill  has  contributed  to  the  pros- 
perity of  the  islands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Absolutely. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  it  caused  an  added  demand  for  sugar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  kinds  of  lands.  It  has  stimulated  industry  in 
every  line. 

Mr.  Madison.  To  what  extent  has  it  stimulated  the  demand  for 
sugar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  such  an  extent  as  to  cause  this  investigation. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  am  not  examining  you  in  any  spirit  of  criticism 
at  all. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  understand. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  hardly  a  fair  answer  to  me.  I  asked  the 
question  in  good  faith. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Since  the  passage  of  the  tariff  act  there  have  been 
many  tourists  in  Manila  and  residents  of  the  islands  who  have  been 
making  inquiries  for  land  for  sugar  and  other  purposes. 

Mr.  Madison.  To  what  extent  has  this  applied  to  sugar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  a  very  large  extent. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  much  land  have  you,  since  the  passage  of  the 
Payne- Aldrich  tariff  bill,  leased  or  sold  for  the  purpose  of  raising 
sugar  cane,  if  you  know  ? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  273 

Mr.  Si^EPER.  About  75,000  acres.  That  does  not  include  the  small 
farmers,  who  may  have  taken  up  a  few  hectares  here  and  there  all 
around. 

Mr.  Madison.  Does  it  include  the  55,000  acres  in  the  San  Jose 
estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  was  the  next  largest  amount  taken  for  the 
raising  of  sugar  cane  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  the  Thayer  lease  of  the  Calamba  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  leased  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Thayer. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  he  the  representative  of  the  Dillinghams,  or 
purported  to  be? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  he  represented  himself  to  be. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Douglas  suggests  this  question:  Did  Thayer 
carry  out  his  contract  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  became  of  him,  if  you  know? 

Mr.   Sleeper.  He  skipped  the  country. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  anyone  take  his  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  receivers  appointed  by  the  court. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  the  Dillinghams  of  Honolulu  go  into  possession 
of  the  land  as  a  result  of  Thayer's  actions? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Not  at  all? 

Mr.  Slfjeper.  Not  at  all,  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  the  matter  is  now  pending  in  the  courts? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Douglas  also  suggests — and  I  want  to  bring 
out  all  the  facts — that  Mr.  Thayer's  estate  is  now  in  the  courts  in 
process  of  settlement  for  the  benefit  of  his  creditors  ? 

Mr.  Si^eper.  Yes,  sir;  in  the  name  of  the  receivers. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  was  appointed  receiver? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  refer  to  the  papers. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  remember? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Strong  was  one,  and  some  other  man. 

Mr.  GARRET^r.  Is  that  J.  Montgomery  Strong? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  is  Mr.  Strong? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  a  business  man  of  the  city  of  Manila. 

Mr.  Madison.  Interested  in  the  sugar  business? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  I  think  not. 

Mr.  Madison.  Or  in  anywise  connected  with  the  Dillinghams,  if 
you  know? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  probably  he  had  agreed  to  sell  them,  or  sell 
Mr.  Thayer,  some  material  to  go  onto  this  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  the  only  way  in  which  he  is  identified 
with  the  Dillinghams? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  so  far  as  I  know. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  there  anything  ascertained  as  to  whether  or  not 
he  in  fact  represented  the  Dillinghams,  or  whether  that  representa- 
tion was  true  or  untrue? 


274  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  so  far  as  I  am  concerned.  Mr.  Thayer  showed 
me  a  letter  from  Mr.  Dillingham  authorizing  certain  expenditures 
up  to  $500  a  month  while  he  wa^  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  letter  was  genuine  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  So  far  as  I  know. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  never  had  any  reason  to  suspicion  it  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  heard  recently  that  it  was  a  forgery,  or  that 
some  of  the  letters  he  presented  were.    I  did  not  see  but  one. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  do  not  know  whether  that  Dillingham  letter 
was  or  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Some  of  the  Dillingham  letters  were? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  merely  gossip  that  I  heard  on  my  way  over 
here. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  it  not  a  matter  of  fact  this  fellow  Thayer  was  a 
fraud  and  a  fake? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  So  that,  so  far  as  the  Thayer  lease  was  concerned, 
it  does  not  have  very  much  place  here  in  this  investigation,  and  can 
be  dismissed  as  not  meaning  very  much  one  way  or  the  other? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  except  the  receivers  may  make  such  arrange- 
ments as  to  carry  on  the  business. 

Mr.  Madison.  Certainly.  There  is  no  legal  reason  why  the  receiv- 
ers might  not  sell  his  lease. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  right. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  if  a  responsible  party  took  an  assignment  from 
the  receivers  you  would  recognize  it  and  go  ahead  with  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  they  complied  with  the  conditions. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  a  matter  for  disposition  by  the  courts  in 
which  the  case  is  now  pending? 

Mr.  SijEeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  is  the  next  largest  tract  of  land  that  was  sold 
or  leased  for  sugar  purposes? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  that  tract  these  same  people  had  in  the 
Binan  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Thayer. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  can  be  disposed  of  in  the  same  way  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  was  the  next  largest  tract  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  mean  of  public  or  Government  lands? 

Mr.  Madison.  Oh,  yes;  certainly.  I  am  not  referring  to  anything 
else  than  public  or  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  practically  1;000  acres  on  the  Muotinlupa 
estate,  Avhich  some  Americans  took  up  with  a  view  of  raising  sugar. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  are  they? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember  the  names.  I  think  it  was  read  by 
the  chairman  yesterday. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  other  tracts  are  less  than  a  thousand  acres — 9 
thousand  acres  or  smaller? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.    Smaller  tracts. 

Mr.  Madison.  Have  there  been  any  recent  applications  for  the  pur- 
chase or  lease  of  lands  in  large  tracts — friar  lands? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  276 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  have  been  inquiries,  but  no  real  application. 

Mr.  Madison.  From  whence  do  the  inquiries  come? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  various  sources. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  remember  any  of  the  parties? 

Mr.  Sleeper.'  There  was  an  English  concern  represented  by  W.  F. 
Stephenson  &  Co.,  of  Manila,  who  made  inquiries,  and  I  took  a  rep- 
resentative out  over  the  balance  of  the  Calamba  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  Poole  made  any  additional  inquiries  or  applica- 
tions ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  ceased  his  operations,  so  far  as  you  know — that 
is,  so  far  as  endeavoring  to  lease  or  buy  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  he  has  not  applied  for  or  made  any  in- 
quiries about  any  other  friar  lands  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Carpenter  obtained  a  special  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  One  that  contained  provisions  different  from  leases 
that  were  executed  to  other  persons,  as,  for  instance,  our  attention 
was  called  to  the  fact  that  the  Government  agreed  to  build  a  road  to 
his  plantation,  and  to  build  a  road  on  the  plantation? 

Mr.  Jones.  And  bridges. 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes.  Has  a  provision  of  that  kind  been  put  in  any 
other  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  of  any  such  provision  in  his  lease. 

Mr.  Madison.  If  you  will  turn  to  the  lease  I  will  call  your  atten- 
tion to  it. 

The  Chairman.  I  call  your  attention  to  the  tenth  clause,  on  page 
103,  of  Mr.  Worcester's  report. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  no  obligation  there.  There  is  just  a  promise 
to  endeavor  to  obtain  such  roads,  as  I  have  endeavored  to  obtain  on 
all  the  estates  wherever  there  is  any  vacant  land. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  true ;  but  the  statement  is  made  there.  There 
is  no  promise  made  and  no  obligation  except  to  this  extent: 

It  is  further  agreed  tliat  said  party  of  the  first  i)art,  wiU,  in  his  oflicial 
capacity,  endeavor  to  obtain  on  the  Tala  estate  adequate  police  protection,  and 
to  secure  all  possible  assistance  from  the  Government  for  the  construction  of 
highways  and  bridges  on  and  through  the  lands  of  said  estate. 

Did  you  ever  write  that  in  any  other  person's  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  because  there  was  no  other  person  who  had  the 
character  of  lease  Mr.  Carpenter  took. 

Mr.  Madison.  In  what  respect  does  this  lease  differ  from  the 
others? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  took  a  lot  of  what  appears  to  me  to  be  absolutely 
useless  land  and  agreed  to  cultivate  it  and  pay  a  fair  rent  on  it,  a  rent 
that  will  eventually,  if  he  does  comply  with  his  lease,  give  us  at  least 
interest  on  the  investment. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  say  the  roads  are  very  bad  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  say  so. 

Mr.  Madison.  Consequently,  if  you  do  secure  governmental  aid  in 
that  respect,  it  would  require  the  expenditure  of  a  great  deal  of 
money,  would  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Rivers  and  streams  that  run  through  that  country 
are  very  difficult  to  bridge,  are  they  not? 


276  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  because  the  streams  are  very  inadequate  for 
watering  purposes  in  that  country.    They  are  very  small  streams. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  want  to  ask  you  if  the  streams  are  not  liable  to 
great  floods  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  that  consequently  bridges  that  are  put  over 
them  must  be  of  very  durable  construction  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  So  the  expenditure  of  money  for  the  "building  of 
bridges  would  be  quite  large,  would  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  but  this  was  a  business  proposition  so  far  as 
I  am  concerned.  We  had  lots  of  vacant  land  not  only  on  this  estate, 
but  on  two  adjoining  estates,  and  the  road  that  taps  one  taps  the 
others;  in  fact,  it  went  right  through  the  Piedad  estate,  which  is 
nearer  Manila  than  the  Tala  estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  As  a  business  proposition,  taking  into  consideration, 
the  large  amount  of  money  that  would  be  required  to  build  roads  and 
to  build  bridges  through  and  on  that  estate,  how  can  you  figure  out 
any  profit  to  the  Government  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Because  it  was  a  dead  loss  at  all  times  unless  the 
estate  was  occupied  and  cultivated. 

Mr.  Madison.  Would  it  not  be  a  dead  loss,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  so 
far  as  the  Philippine  Government  was  concerned,  in  recouping  the 
money  which  it  had  originally  expended,  if  it  did  carry  out  your  aim 
or  purpose  to  secure  the  building  of  a  road  to  and  upon  this  estate 
and  the  building  of  bridges? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  It  means  the  ultimate  repayment  to  the 
Government  of  all  expenditures. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  would  that  be?    How  did  you  figure  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  First,  through  sale  of  land,  interest  and  administra- 
tion expenses;  second,  through  the  land  becoming  more  valuable,  by 
reason  of  cultivation,  and  therefore  higher  taxes. 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes;  but  the  purpose  of  this  sale,  as  I  understand  it, 
or  one  of  the  justifications  that  is  urged  in  the  sale  of  this  friar  land 
in  larger  quantities  than  the  amount  limited  in  the  organic  act  is 
that  the  land  ought  to  be  sold  and  the  money  obtained. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  All  right.  Of  course  I  do  not  know,  and  I  do  not 
presume  you  know,  the  amount  of  money  that  will  be  required  for 
those  roads  and  bridges.  If  you  do,  I  would  like  to  have  you  state 
it;  but  certainly  it  would  be  a  very  great  sum,  and  under  those  cir- 
cumstances how  would  the  Philippine  Government  get  back  very- 
much  money  from  this  estate  to  pay  those  bonds  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  would  get  all  the  money  back  from  this  estate  as 
it  became  cultivated  and  Mr.  Carpenter  carried  out  his  lease. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  you  would  have  to  put  about  the  same  mon(  y 
back  into  bridges,  would  you  not — or  the  Government  would  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  as  a  matter  of  fact,  I  obtained  an  appropriation 
of  $2,000  gold  to  assist  in  building  that  road,  and  the  road  through 
there  up  to  the  estate  has  pretty  nearly  been  constructed  and  they 
are  working  on  it  now. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  thousand  dollars  would  it  cost  to  actually 
put  in  a  good  road,  with  bridges,  to  and  on  that  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not  those  figures. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  277 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  you  have  carried  out  in  part  your  promise  to 
this  man  that  you  would  use  your  official  place  and  position  and 
influence  to  obtain  the  building  of  roads  and  bridges  to  and  on  his 
estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  That  had  been  partially  carried  out  prior  to 
entering  into  this  lease.  I  had  already  made  several  reports  and  ob- 
tained appropriations  for  the  building  of  roads,  and  so  forth,  and 
the  improvement  of  roads  on  this  and  other  estates. 

Mr.  Madison.  There  is  no  limitation  here  as  to  the  number  of 
roads  that  you  would  build  on  this  man's  estate,  nor  the  number  of 
bridges,  is  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  was  your  purpose 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  To  allow  him  to  get  out  his  products, 
so  he  could  sell  them  and  make  enough  money  to  pay  the  increased 
rate  when  he  did  make  a  profit  from  his  land. 

Mr.  Madison.  If  the  Government  did  build  roads  and  bridges  to 
and  on  his  estate  to  such  an  extent  as  to  afford  him  a  convenient 
means  of  exit,  he  would  have  a  pretty  good  estate,  would  he  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Why  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Because  the  land  is  not  goodj  in  my  opinion. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  is  the  land  covered  with  now  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  cogon  grass,  the  ilang-ilang  tree,  weeds,  and 
things  like  that,  except  the  portions  actually  cultivated. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  is  cogon  grass? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  a  very  heavy  tropical  grass. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  is  a  grass  that  only  grows  in  a  very  rich  soil,  is 
it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge.  I  have  seen  it  on  some  very 
poor  soil. 

Mr.  Madison.  As  a  general  thing  it  is  a  grass  that  grows  on  a  rich 
soil,  is  it  not,  and  where  it  grows  luxuriantly  it  does  indicate  a  rich 
soil? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  presume  that  is  true. 

Mr.  Madison.  This  is  the  cogon  grass,  according  to  your  state- 
ment ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  it  is  cogon  grass. 

Mr.  Madison.  Therefore  the  soil  is  a  rich  and  heavy  soil? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  the  soil  is  not  rich  or  heavy,  but  is  very  thin. 

Mr.  Madison.  Why  does  the  cogon  grass  grow  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  why  it  grows  there.  It  is  there,  be- 
cause I  have  been  out  in  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  is  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  there,  because  I  have  been  out  in  it.  Also,  the 
soil  is 

Mr.  Madison  (interposing).  You  do  not  think  that  is  indicative  of 
a  good  soil  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Find  out  what  this  cogon  grass  is. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  think  I  understand  what  cogon  grass  is. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  says  it  is  a  coarse  tropical  grass. 

Mr.  Hamh^ton.  Find  out  whether  it  grows  thickly  on  the  ground 
and  whether  it  is  valuable  for  pasturage. 


278  ABMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Madison.  All  right. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  So  far  as  I  know,  it  is  absolutely  useless  and  a  hind- 
rance to  cultivation. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  there  are  a  great  many  grasses  that  grow  in  that 
way  that  do  indicate,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  a  good  soil — weeds,  for 
instance,  grow  on  very  good  soil. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  want  to  ask  you  if  where  this  cogon  grass  grows  it 
is  indicative  of  a  former  clearing  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  as  a  rule  it  is. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  stated  that  yesterday,  did  you  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  in  relation  to  Mindoro.  I  think  I  stated 
that. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then,  with  reference  to  Luzon  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  I  should  say  it  is  indicative  of  a  former  clearing. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  a  portion  of  the  land  that  this  gentleman 
bought  is  land  that  had  been  formerly  cleared  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Cleared  of  the  timber? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  why  it  was  abandoned? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  abandoned,  as  I  understand  it,  during  the 
insurrection  on  account  of  conditions  in  the  country  at  that  point, 
which  was  a  place  where  all  the  bad  men  passed  through  on  their 
way  to  the  northern  Provinces. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  condition  no  longer  exists,  of  course? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  a  large  extent,  but  there  have  been  in  the 
last  few  years  bands  of  what  we  call  "  robbers "  wandering  up 
through  that  country. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  you  have  provided  against  that  by  specially 
providing  to  give  this  man  police  protection? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  that  police  protection  been  afforded? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  believe  it  has. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  write  into  any  other  person's  lease  a  provi- 
sion as  to  police  protection? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You,  of  course,  regard  that  you  are,  yourself  and 
your  office,  pledged  and  bound  by  that  promise  to  provide  police 
protection,  if  you  can  secure  it,  and  also  the  building  of  roads  and 
bridges  on  and  to  that  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  I  might  say  that  we  also  did  the  same  work 
for  other  estates  to  a  larger  extent  than  for  this  estate,  however. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  all  I  care  to  ask  at  this  time.  I  would  like 
to  see  that  lease,  however. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  I  would  like  to  ask  this  question :  How  do  you  arrive 
at  the  cost  of  land  upon  which  to  base  a  selling  price  or  the  price 
of  leasing  it?  Is  the  friars'  land  divided  up,  giving  each  section 
having  certain  fertility  or  value  a  proportionate  cost  against  that 
section  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  friar  lands,  after  we  have  discovered  the  areas 
of  the  various  parcels  within  the  estate,  are  turned  over  to  a  com- 
mittee consisting  usually  of  one  man  from  my  office,  one  man  from 
the  estate,  and  one  maii  an  outsider,  a  Filipino,  who  has  had  some 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  279 

experience  in  the  classification  of  land.  They  are  given  the  plans 
and  told  to  go  upon  the  land  and  classify  each  parcel  of  land  ac- 
cording to  its  value.  They  usually  classify  the  dominant  class  of 
land  on  the  estate  as  100  per  cent,  and  from  that  they  work  up  and 
down. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  In  other  words,  a  commission  is  appointed  to  ap- 
praise the  value  of  the  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exactly ;  to  appraise  the  classification,  not  the  value. 
The  value  is  obtained  after  we  know  the  classification  of  the  various 
parcels,  and  having  all  the  expenses  added  to  the  original  cost. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is,  the  original  cost  to  the  Filipino  Govern- 
ment, with  the  interest  and  expenses  added,  makes  the  total  selling 
price  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  that  is  divided  up  proportionately, 
according  to  classification. 

Mr.  FoRNES.  Do  you  receive  communications  from  other  parts  of 
the  world  from  any  people  in  relation  to  the  purchase  of  these  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  had  one  or  two  inquiries,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Fornes.  Then  you  worked  upon  the  theory,  in  relation  to  the 
last  parcel  of  land  mentioned,  leased  to  Mr.  Carpenter,  the  same  as 
they  do  in  all  parts  of  the  world — as  you  make  land  economically  and 
readily  accessible,  that  land  and  the  adjoining  land  increases  in 
value? 

Mr.  Steeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Fornes.  In  other  words,  the  same  rule  applies  as  does  in  any 
country — when  land  becomes  accessible  on  account  of  railroad  com- 
munication or  transportation  of  any  kind,  it  is  presumed  that  the 
value  of  the  land  will  increase  to  correspond  with  the  additional  out- 
lay on  the  part  of  the  Government  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exactly;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Does  this  road  reach  any  other  public  lands  or  any 
other  estates  than  this  particular  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Then  the  improvement  of  the  road 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  It  runs  by  the  Piedad  estate,  which  is 
between  Manila  and  the  Tahi  estate,  and  also  opens  up  some  land  that 
is  beyond,  beyond  the  Tala  estate,  which  is  public  land,  when  it  is 
eventually  continued  on  through. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Then  the  building  of  this  road  would  not  be  with 
sole  reference  to  this  particular  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  contrary,  it  w^as  intended  to  open  up  both  of 
these  estates,  the  Tala  estate  and  the  Piedad  estate. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  basis  of  classification  of  the  lands — 
first,  with  reference  to  the  kinds  of  crops  that  may  be  grown? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  For  instance,  sugar  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  irrigated  ranch  land  is  probably  the  most 
expensive  land  we  have  there. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Somewhat  on  the  basis  of  the  classification  in  the 
Hawaiian  Islands,  where  they  divide  their  lands  down  near  the  sea- 
shore, known  ris  rice  lands,  and  they  are  known  as  rice  lands- 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  That  is  similar  to  our  classification. 

Mr.  TIamtlton.   -■  nd  *a  little  farther  up,  pasture  lands,  and  so  on? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 


280  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  And  sugar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Then  you  fix  a  value  with  reference  to  the  kind 
of  crops  that  may  be  grown  upon  these  lands,  and  their  location  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  (jRAHAM.  None  of  these  lands  turned  over  under  this  lease 
were  applicable  to  rice  culture,  were  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Small  portions  were;  the  hollows  were  used  for  rice 
culture,  and  also  they  had  used  some  of  the  uplands  for  rice  culture; 
what  they  call  uplands  rice. 

Mr.  Graham.  How  about  sugar? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  believe  any  of  this  land  is  good  sugar  land. 
I  do  not  know  whether  it  has  ever  been  used.  I  never  heard  of  any 
of  it  being  used  for  sugar  cane. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  it  good  for,  this  particular  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  good  for  the  growth  of  trees,  like  the  ylang- 
ylang  and  some  other  trees,  for  instance,  the  cotton  tree,  although 
there  are  very  few  out  there. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  commercial  value  of  these  trees  you 
speak  of? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  not  commercially  valuable,  even  the  ylang- 
^dang,  at  the  present  time.  The  cotton  tree  is  perhaps  more  valuable, 
although  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  ylang-ylang  tree? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  a  flowering  tree,  the  flower  of  which  is  used 
to  make  the  basis  of  perfume. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  has  Mr.  Carpenter  done  on  this  estate  in  the 
way  of  cultivation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  has  cultivated  under  the  pasturage  clause  of  his 
lease,  I  think,  about  400  hectares. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  did  he  do — what  did  he  do  to  reduce  it  to  pas- 
turage ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  built  a  fence  and  put  his  cattle  on  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  they  pasture  on  the  cogon  grass  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  cogon  grass,  when  it  first  starts  up,  they  eat,  but 
after  it  has  gotten  up  it  makes  very  poor  pasturage. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  do  they  pasture  on  after  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Whatever  there  is  there. 

Mr.  Garretu.  What  is  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Weeds  and  small  grasses  around  the  hollows.  In  the 
shade  I  presume  the  cogon  grass  never  gets  high  enough — I  do  not 
think  it  is  even  good  pasture  land  myself. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  do  you  determine  whether  he  has  reduced  it  to 
cultivation  or  not?    A^Tiat  is  your  criterion  for  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  submits  a  statement,  and  we  go  out  and  look  it 
over.  I  send  an  inspector  out  to  find  out  about  how  much  he  has 
worked. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  mean  the  fencing  determines  whether  it  has 
been  reduced  to  cultivation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  he  has  fenced  it  and  got  the  cattle  on  it,  a  reason- 
able amount  of  cattle,  we  say  it  is  cultivated.  Other  parts  of  it  are 
cultivated  and  in  rice  through  himself  or  some  of  his  people.  He 
has  cultivated  rice  and  other  products — trees,  for  instance. 


ADMINISTRATIOlSr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  281 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  do  you  rletermine  whether  a  suitable  amount 
of  cattle  are  on  it  ^ 

Mr.  Steeper.  I  leave  that  to  the  inspectors  who  go  on  the  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  do  they  determine  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  the  ^M^stoms  of  the  country,  and  whether  the  cattle 
are  in  good  shape.  If  c^cjy  are  in  good  shape,  it  is  determined  it  is 
all  right.  If  they  are  not  in  good  shape,  he  could  use  more  land  for 
the  same  amount  of  cattle. 

Mr.  Garrei^.  Can  you  give  us  any  idea  about  this?  Under  his 
lease  he  is  to  cultivate  300  hectares  the  first  year. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Garrepp.  How  many  cattle  did  he  put  on  that  the  first  year  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember.  I  saw  a  bunch  of  50  at  one  time, 
I  think,  out  there,  and  I  know  he  has  bought  others  since  that  time. 
I  think  he  has  about  200  cattle  out  there  at  this  time,  and  I  think  it 
takes  about  2  hectares  or  so  to  an  animal  at  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Garrepp.  Two  hectares  to  the  animal? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  I  should  judge  so,  for  that  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  in  addition  to  that  he  had  developed  some  rice 
land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  developed  rice  lands.  He  has  lots  of  trees  planted 
out  there  all  around  over  the  estate  at  the  different  points.  This  land 
of  his  is  not  all  contiguous.  It  is  scattered  around,  because  he  was 
compelled  to  take  lands  that  were  unoccupied,  all  over  the  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  So  it  is  not  simply  one  fence  that  is  inclosing  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  In  fact,  this  roadway  proposes  to  run  through 
the  middle  of  it,  and  cut  him  up,  so  he  has  not  been  able  to  fence  all 
of  it  as  he  desired. 

Mr.  Garrett.  AVhat  province  is  the  Piedad  estate  in? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  in  the  Eizal  Province,  also. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  near  to  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  boundary  of  the  estate  must  come  within  5  miles 
of  Manila. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much  of  that  has  been  taken  up  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Ninety-four  per  cent. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much  of  the  94  per  cent  was  taken  up  by  the 
occupants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  not  occupants. 

Mr.  Garrett.  None  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  About  1,000  hectares  have  been  taken  by  Filipinos 
who  were  not  former  occupants. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Filipinos  who  were  not  former  occupants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  large  was  the  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  estate  contains  9,650  acres. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much  of  that  is  taken  up  by  occupants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  about  G,500  acres  have  been  taken  by  the 
former  occupants. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much  by  Filipinos  who  were  nonoccupants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  balance  of  the  estate  up  to  the  94  per  cent  of 
the  total  area? 

Mr.  Garrett.  None  of  it  taken  up  by  people  who  were  not  Fili- 
pinos ? 

82278°— H.  Kept.  22S9,  61-3 22 


282  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  not.  I  think  there  are  no  others  than  Fili- 
pinos who  took  any  land  on  that  estate. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  kind  of  agriculture  is  the  estate  devoted  to? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Rice  culture  and  some  vegetables. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  means  of  communication  has  it  with  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  three  roads  that  enter  Manila  in  various 
ways. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  there  any  water  communication  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  the  roads  are  in  very  poor  shape. 

Mr.  Garrett\  How  much  of  .the  land  was  taken  up  after  the  roads 
were  constructed — after  this  particular  road  was  constructed  for 
which  you  got  an  appropriation — the  road  to  the  Tala  estate,  run- 
ning through  the  Piedad  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sijeeper.  This  road  has  not  been  altogether  constructed  yet. 
We  have  made  some  improvements  on  it,  so  they  could  get  over  it 
with  their  crops  at  various  times,  but  the  real  road  is  still  under 
construction. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  bearing  has  the  construction  of  that  road  on 
the  sale  of  lands  in  the  Piedad  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  has  assisted  materially,  because  it  was  published 
and  known  the  Government  was  to  construct  a  road  there. 

Mr.  Garret^p.  It  was  in  anticipation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  in  anticipation,  because  those  people  were 
absolutely  shut  in  with  their  products  from  getting  them  to  market. 
Everything  had  to  be  carried  by  the  women  and  men  on  their  heads 
into  Manila  before  they  fixed  these  roads. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Where  is  the  Muntinlupa  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  in  the  Province  of  Rizal,  adjoining  the  Province 
of  La  Laguna,  up  on  Laguna  de  Bay. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Has  that  water  communication  with  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  large  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeker.  7,067|  acres. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much  of  that  has  been  taken  by  occupants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  small  portion  of  that  has  been  taken  by  occupants. 
The  land  up  there  is  very  poor.  It  was  considered  the  poorest 
estate  the  Government  bought,  except  the  low-lying  rice  lands  right 
along  the  lake  front,  which  were  occupied  and  taken  by  the  occupants, 
but  the  balance  of  the  land  in  the  interior 

Mr.  Garrett  (interposing).  You  are  referring  to  the  low-lying 
lands  along  the  lake  in  this  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  this  estate,  yes,  sir.  They  were  taken  up.  Al- 
though not  first-class  rice  land,  they  did  raise  one  crop  of  rice  a 
year  when  they  had  water  enough.  There  is  a  small  irrigation  sys- 
tem there,  but  the  majority  of  the  lands  were  vacant  and  unoccupied 
by  the  former  tenants. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  wish  when  you  have  time  you  would  put  into  the 
record  the  amount  of  land  in  the  LIuntinlupa  estate  that  has  been 
taken  up  by  former  occupants,  and  the  amount  that  has  been  taken 
up  by  the  Filipinos  who  were  not  occupants,  and  the  amount  taken 
up  by  other  people  who  were  not  occupants. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Keferring  to  Tala  estate,  how  much  of  the  land 
leased  by  Mr.  Carpenter  was  later  asked  for  by  Filipinos? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  283 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Eight  thousand  nine  hundred  and  fifty-eight  acres. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Those  were  not  former  occupants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  was  done  in  regard  to  those  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  were  sold  to  the  people  that  applied  for  them. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Carpenter  did  not  insist,  in  regard  to  those, 
on  the  provisions  of  paragraph  3,  did  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  Mr.  Carpenter's  original  intention  was 
to  take  a  small  tract  of  land,  but  we  induced  him  to  take  a  large  tract 
of  land,  and  he  was,  in  my  opinion,  quite  glad  to  give  up  some  of  it, 
as  he  was  under  obligations  to  go  ahead  and  spend  money  to  culti- 
vate it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  character  of  land  did  the  Filipinos  take? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Naturally  it  was  the  best  land  they  could  find.  I 
never  examined  the  particular  parcels,  and  only  know  what  my  in- 
spectors told  me,  that  some  of  the  land  Mr.  Carpenter  had  thought 
would  be  good  land  they  had  taken  and  asked  for,  and  Mr.  Carpenter 
had  agreed  to  let  them  take  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  ^Vhen  did  they  ask  for  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  About  the  time  that  we  announced  the  estate  would 
be  ready  for  sale  at  a  given  date. 

Mr.  Garrett.  To  what  were  you  referring  then — the  sale  to  him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  we  publish  notices  throughout  the  towns  when 
these  estates  are  ready  for  sale,  so  the  tenants  can  come  in  and  sign 
their  papers  and  change  their  leases,  or  any  new  ones  can  come  in 
who  desire  to  purchase  land  or  lease  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  At  that  time  how  much  cultivation  had  Mr.  Car- 
penter ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know;  I  can  not  say  how  much  it  was  at 
that  time. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Had  the  fact  that  he  had  taken  up  the  land  any- 
thing to  do  with  the  desire  of  the  Filipinos  to  take  up  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  my  opinion  that  is  the  only  reason  we  got  that 
estate  over  25  per  cent  occupied  to-day. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Why  do  you  say  that,  please  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  simple  reason  that  it  was  impossible  to 
induce  any  Filipinos  to  go  out  there  and  take  up  the  land,  and  the 
former  occupants  were  not  there  and  were  not  to  be  found,  and,  as  we 
calculated  three  years  ago,  only  20  per  cent  of  the  land  was  occupied 
and  the  balance  we  could  not  find  anybody  for.  The  people  would 
not  go  there.  They  were  afraid  of  the  conditions  that  existed.  The 
roads  were  poor,  and  there  was  not  police  protection  at  that  time, 
and  they  would  not  take  up  the  land.    That  is  one  of  the  reasons. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  attribute  this  taking  up  of  these  lands  to 
encouragement  to  the  Filipinos  given  by  the  lact  Mr.  Carpenter 
entered  into  this  lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Absolutely,  because  the  Filipino  believes  if  an  Amer- 
ican wants  a  piece  of  land  it  must  be  good  land,  and  therefore  he 
would  like  to  have  it  if  he  can  get  it,  which  is  quite  natural. 

Mr.  Garrett.  That  is  the  same  all  the  world  over. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  land  has  Mr.  Carpenter  that  the  Filipinos 
have  asked  for  that  has  not  been  sold  to  the  Filipinos? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None,  to  my  knowledge. 


284  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Have  you  a  map  of  the  Tala  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  YeSj  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  will  ask  that  you  present  that  for  the  inspection  of 
the  committee. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  want  just  one  single  map,  or  do  you  want  the 
30  or  40  sheets  that  comprise  the  parcel  survey  ? 

Mr.  Garrett.  One  map,  so  we  can  see  it  in  its  entirety. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  One  of  your  ways  of  advertising  this  estate  was  by 
prospectus,  I  understand? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  got  out  a  prospectus  of  the  San  Jose  and  the  Isa- 
bela  estates;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  you  get  out  any  of  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.    There  was  no  reason  for  it  at  the  time. 

Mr.  Garrett.  When  did  you  get  out  these  prospectuses  of  the  San 
Jose  and  Isabela  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  San  Jose,  I  think,  about  three  years  ago,  the  first 
prospectus;  the  Isabela,  I  think,  a  year  and  a  half  or  two  years  ago. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Can  you  furnish  the  committee  copies  of  those  pros- 
pectuses ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

THE    SAN    JOSE   FRIAR   ESTATE,    MINDORO   ISLAND,    P.    I. 

Situation  and  area. — This  estate  is  situated  on  the  southwest  coast  of  the 
island  of  Mindoro.  Panda rochan,  one  of  the  towns  on  the  island,  about  2  miles 
from  the  southern  boundary  of  this  estate,  is  about  165  nautical  miles  from 
Manila,  168  nautical  miles  from  Iloilo,  and  265  nautical  miles  from  Cebu.  The 
estate  has  a  sea  frontage  of  about  13  miles  on  the  Straits  of  Mindoro  and  ex- 
tends inland  about  the  same  distance.  The  area  is  22,941  hectares  and  80 
ares,  or  about  55,555  acres.  The  beach  is  almost  a  straight  line  from  one  end 
of  the  estate  to  the  other.  The  blueprints  show  (a)  the  location  with  relation 
to  the  island  of  Mindoro  and  (b)  the  topographical  features  of  the  estate. 

Terrain. — Comparatively  level  ground  extends  inland  from  the  beach  about 
4  miles.  South  of  the  Bugsanga  River  a  large,  low,  flat  prairie  stretches  to 
the  southern  boundary  of  the  estate  and  extends  inland  from  the  beach  in 
almost  a  level  plain,  where  the  soil  is  very  rich. 

AccessilnUty. — Deep  water  is  within  a  short  distance  of  the  shore,  but  the 
nearest  harbor  to  the  estate  is  at  Pandarochan,  on  Mangarin  Bay,  about  2 
miles  from  the  southern  boundary  of  the  estate,  which  is  under  the  protection 
of  a  tongue  of  land,  making  a  perfectly  safe  harbor  at  any  season  of  the  year. 

Population. — The  number  of  people  living  on  the  estate,  other  than  Man- 
guianes  (one  of  the  wild  non-Christian  tribes),  is  approximately  300.  These 
people  were  brought,  when  the  estate  was  purchased  by  the  Eecoletos,  chiefly 
from  Zambales  and  a  few  of  them  from  the  Calamianes  Islands,  to  work  on 
the  estate.  They  were  promised  carabao  and  other  things  necessary  to  work 
the  fields  and  have  been  required  to  pay  a  small  rental  to  the  friars  as  evidence 
that  they  have  no  claim  or  right  to  live  on  the  estate.  The  houses  in  w^hich 
they  live  at  present  were  constructed  by  them  with  materials  from  the  estate. 

Drainage  and  irrigation. — Two  large  rivers  pass  through  the  estate,  and  there 
are  a  number  of  smaller  river  systems  which  have  their  source  within  the 
estate. 

Owing  to  the  forest  through  which  pass  the  tributaries  of  the  Romban  River 
system,  and  which  conserves  through  successive  seasons  the  drainage  of  the 
divide,  this  stream  had  quite  a  considerable  flow  during  the  entire  year.  At 
a  point  about  a  mile  and  a  quarter  from  its  mouth,  and  where  it  is  considerably 
below  the  limits  of  the  tidal  flow,  the  depth  of  water  can  seldom  be  less  than 
8  to  10  feet,  and  it  is  fully  as  great  the  entire  distance  from  here  to  the  outlet, 
which  could  admit  boats  of  some  size  at  high  tide. 

During  the  extraordinary  dry  season  of  last  year,  which  was  the  severest 
drought  Senor  Sanz,  a  former  administrator  for  the  friars,  had  ever  witnessed 
in  Mindoro,  the  Lumintau  River  had  a  flow  of  about  2^  feet  deep  and  30  to  40 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  285 

meters  wide.  The  Bugsanga  had  still  a  larger  flow.  There  are  some  six  rivers 
in  addition  to  these  two  which  never  dry  up  and  would  be  useful  for  irrigation. 
(Several  of  these  are  branches  of  the  larger  rivers.) 

A  canal  would  irrigate  the  large  tract  of  land  west  of  the  Romban  River. 
This  canal  would  draw  its  supply  from  the  Lumintao  River  and  would  pass 
through  the  range  of  hills  which  form  the  left  bank  of  the  river  5  miles  above 
Mangaran,  requiring  a  cut  of  about  14  meters  through  a  small  saddle  con- 
necting the  hills.  At  the  point  where  the  canal  would  draw  its  supply  the  river 
has  an  elevation  of  30  meters  above  high  tide.  A  log  dam  to  divert  the  stream 
into  the  canal  could  be  built  at  a  small  expense,  there  being  an  abundance  of 
timber  in  the  vicinity. 

Soil. — The  soil  is  very  good  and  suitable  locations  and  soils  can  be  found 
for  all  classes  of  Philippine  plants,  especially  for  sugar  cane,  rice,  and  hemp. 
One  of  the  best  localities  for  cultivation  is  the  land  adjoining  the  Romban  and 
Caniual  River  systems.  Other  good  locations  may  be  found  in  the  eastern  part 
of  the  estate.  Land  north  of  the  Lumintao  could  be  used  for  planting  sugar 
cane  and  rice.  Portions  of  the  divide  between  the  Lumintao  and  Bugsanga 
River  systems  might  be  found  suitable  for  cultivation. 

Climate. — The  rains  practically  end  early  in  November,  although  there  are 
some  showers  during  that  month.  After  that  they  cease  almost  entirely  until 
May,  during  which  month  there  are  thunder  showers  at  considerable  intervals. 
The  rains  usually  begin  in  earnest  about  the  middle  of  June,  although  in  some 
years  they  begin  the  first  of  June  and  others  not  until  the  end  of  July.  There 
is,  therefore,  a  well-marked  dry  season,  which  is  nearly  coincident  with  the 
dry  season  in  Manila.  When  the  rains  begin  they  are  quite  heavy.  It  some- 
times rains  for  a  week  or  two  at  a  time  without  stopping.  Ordinarily,  how- 
ever, at  comparatively  frequent  intervals,  there  are  periods  of  two  or  three 
days  during  which  it  does  not  rain.  During  the  month  of  August  there  is  a 
"  veranilla "  (Indian  summer).  The  southwest  monsoon  is  practically  con- 
temporaneous with  the  rains. 

Timhcr. — Good  timber  can  be  found  both  in  and  outside  of  the  estate.  Molave 
of  superior  and  inferior  qualities  and  ipil  can  be  obtained.  The  better  classes 
of  timber  are  to  be  found  in  the  forest  west  of  the  divide. 

Agricultural  possibilities. — Cotton  is  found  growing  wild  on  the  estate.  At 
present,  with  the  exception  of  a  very  small  quantity  of  corn  and  "  palay/' 
nothing  is  planted. 

Referring  to  his  experiments  with  various  crops  on  the  estate,  Seiior  Sanz, 
the  former  administrator,  says  that  "  palay  "  was  planted  and  the  crop  was 
estimated  at  100  for  one,  i.  e.,  100  cavans  of  rice  for  every  cavan  of  seed.  He 
is  of  the  opinion  that  if  the  rice  were  properly  sown  and  cultivated  this  might 
be  increased  to  120.  He  obtained  220  heads  from  a  single  grain  of  rice  in  one 
instance.    He  had  about  3  hectares  under  cultivation. 

He  says  he  had  a  garden  near  his  house  where  he  grew  all  sorts  of  vege- 
tables, including  fine  potatoes  and  onions.  From  1  picul  of  onions  he  obtained 
11  piculs.  He  also  grew  lettuce  and  very  fine  tomatoes.  All  kinds  of  beans 
grew  exceptionally  well ;  also  peas  and  very  fine  peppers.  Muskmelons  and 
watermelons  produced  so  abundantly  that  a  steamer  load  of  watermelons  were 
shipped  to  Manila. 

Coffee  was  planted,  and  when  he  w\ts  laken  away  as  a  prisoner,  during  the 
insurrection,  he  says  the  trees  were  loaded  with  their  first  fruit — four  years 
after  planting.  The  trees  were  destroyed  during  the  war,  but  there  was  never 
any  disease  among  the  bushes. 

Lemons  were  grown  successfully  from  seed  brought  from  the  Caroline  Islands. 
The  lemons  were  large,  thin-skinned,  with  few  seeds,  and  had  an  abundance  of 
juice.  The  trees  produced  heavily,  and  could  be  seen  with  flowers  and  fruit  at 
the  same  time  throughout  the  greater  part  of  the  year. 

Oranges  and  grape  fruit  were  also  grown  very  successfully.  The  trees  were 
large  and  loaded  with  fruit.  The  oranges  were  raised  from  seed  brought  from 
China.    Trees  were  not  introduced. 

He  says  he  has  not  tried  abaca,  but  that  cacao  would  be  certain  to  grow,  as 
it  has  done  well  in  the  neighboring  town  of  Irion,  and  thinks  it  would  grow  on 
this  estate  with  irrigation.  Without  irrigaton  it  would  be  necessary  to  plant 
it  where  the  soil  is  damp. 

He  planted  some  50,000  coconuts.  The  nuts  were  germinated  by  clearing  an 
extensive  area  in  the  forest  where  there  was  plenty  of  shade.  The  nuts  were- 
watered  about  once  a  week,  and  kept  in  this  place,  approximately,  a  year  before 
being  transplanted,  in  order  that  the  small  trees  might  reach  considerable  size. 


286  ADMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   lANDS. 

They  were  planted  in  rows  parallel  with  the  beach,  at  a  distnnce  of  10  meters 
from  each  other  in  both  directions.  They  were  planted  in  16  rows  and  pro- 
tected with  a  wire  fence  on  the  interior,  but  no  fence  was  put  on  the  beach. 
Beginning  at  Point  Bojo,  the  rows  extended  to  the  river  Bugsanga.  Others  were 
afterwards  planted  in  San  Agustin.  The  first  ones  were  destroyed  by  the 
insurrectos  during  the  war.  Some  50  of  the  17,000  planted  at  San  Agustin  re- 
main, and  have  now  produced  beautiful  trees.  Sixteen  thousand  were  planted 
In  the  vicinity  of  Mangarin.  The  trees  grow  extremely  well.  Up  to  the  time 
Senor  Sauz  was  made  a  prisoner  by  the  insurrectos  he  say  the  trees  were  not 
attacked  in  the  slightest  by  insects. 

Maguey  grows  in  four  places.  The  one  nearest  the  town  is  called  Camillo ; 
another  is  Lumintao ;  another  place  is  Cajanti,  near  the  river  Bugsanga ;  and 
another  on  the  other  side  of  tfte  river  Lumintao,  near  the  small  river  called 
Ayayos. 

Tobacco  plants  put  in  cultivated  ground  as  an  experiment  grow  tall  and  with 
beautiful  leaves. 

Animal  industries. — Two  thousand  three  hundred  and  seventy-six  head  of 
cattle  were  bought  from  Jose  Ladesma.  Of  these  there  were  842  cows  ready 
for  breeding.  The  increase  for  that  year  was  828.  The  second  year  the  increase 
was  1,259.  The  third  year  the  increase  was  1,848.  The  fourth  year  the  insur- 
rection came  and  all  except  a  few  wild  ones  were  carried  off. 

Large  bulls  were  brought  from  Australia  and  Spain  and  put  on  the  estate. 
They  did  well,  and  the  difference  in  the  calves  was  immediately  noticeable. 
Cows  from  Australia  and  Spain  were  never  tried.  The  weak  and  undersized 
females  were  disposed  of  and  only  the  large  ones  were  kept. 

Seiior  Sanz  says  that  at  one  time,  when  in  Agutaya,  he  bought  150  cattle  and 
17  carabao.  They  were  small,  wretched  animals,  owing  to  lack  of  food  and 
also  to  lack  of  water  there.  After  bringing  them  to  Mangarin  the  cows  were 
bred  to  large  bulls  and  the  animals  produced  were  magnificent — among  the 
best  there  were  ever  on  the  estate.  The  same  thing  happened  with  horses. 
Some  horses  were  bought  for  6  or  8  pesos  each,  which  were  thin  and  almost 
worthless.  They  almost  doubled  in  size  on  good  pasturage  with  plenty  water. 
The  horses  bred  here  also  did  splendidly  while  merely  on  pasture.  A  pair  of 
large  black  horses  were  brought  from  Manila  to  breed  to  the  mares,  and  at  the 
time  of  the  insurrection  there  were  some  20  pairs  of  splendid  horses  ready  to 
break.  The  animals  are  pastured  on  cogon.  When  it  is  dry  another  grass  comes 
up,  which  makes  good  pasture,  but  they  are  particularly  fond  of  the  fresh  cogon, 
which  springs  up  after  the  fields  have  been  burned.  The  ground  is  very  rich 
and  the  cogon  grows  very  well  in  the  dry  season. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  for  cattle  raising  few  localities  could  be  found  better 
than  this  estate.  It  has  an  abundance  of  grass  of  good  quality,  and  water  can 
be  found  all  over  the  estate.  The  mountains  and  hills,  which  extend  almost 
completely  around  the  estate,  form  a  natural  barricade. 

Lahor. — There  is  very  little  labor  on  the  estate,  and  if  any  considerable  num- 
ber of  laborers  is  required  they  can  be  brought  from  other  islands. 

Value  of  agriculture. — The  agricultural  possibilities  of  this  tract  of  land  are 
probably  unequaled  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  under  proper  management  and 
control.  The  climate,  the  soil,  the  topography  of  the  land,- and  the  fact  that  the 
friars  obtained  this  concession  from  the  Spanish  Government  are  proof  sufiicient 
to  warrant  the  statement  that  there  is  no  better  tract  of  land  for  agricultural 
purposes  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

The  IsABp]LA  Friar  P^state. 

PROVINCE   OF   ISABELA,    ISLAND   OF   LUZON. 

Location  and  area. — The  Isabel  a  estate  is  situated  in  the  municipality  of 
Cauayan,  province  of  Isabela,  island  of  Luzon,  and  on  the  Magat  River,  which 
divides  the  estate  into  two  parcels.  The  Magat  River  is  the  main  branch  of 
the  Cagayan  River.  The  southern  boundary  of  the  estate  is  approximately  4 
miles  from  the  poblaci6n  of  Cauayan,  which  is  located  on  the  Cagayan  River 
about  100  miles  from  its  mouth.  This  river  is  navigable  for  boats  drawing  not 
more  than  22  inches  of  water  to  Cauayan.  The  nearest  seaport  is  Lalloc,  dis- 
tant about  100  miles,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Cagayan  River.  The  estate  is 
about  11  miles  long  from  east  to  west  and  7  miles  wide  from  north  to  south,  and 
contains  an  area  of  19,891  hectares,  or,  say,  49,727  acres. 


administratio:n^  of  Philippine,  lands.  287 

Terrain. — There  are  about  3,000  hectares  of  level  land  on  the  islands  pertain- 
ing to  the  estate  in  the  Magat  River.  Along  its  ester ds  this  land  is  covered  with 
brush  and  small  timber.  The  balance  of  the  estate,  with  the  exception  of  about 
1,000  hectares  of  hilly  land  in  the  northwest  comer  of  the  estate,  is  level  prairie. 
The  soil  of  all  the  level  land  is  rich  and  deep. 

Population. — There  are  at  present,  not  including  the  Kalingas — one  of  the  non- 
Christian  tribes— only  63  families,  or  between  300  and  400  persons,  now  living  on 
the  estate.  These  families  occupy  about  50  hectares  of  land,  and  are  engaged  in 
the  cultivation  of  tobacco,  sugar  cane,  rice,  corn,  and  vegetables,  and  will  prob- 
ably purchase  their  respective  holdings  when  given  the  opportunity.  There  are 
approximately  600  Kalingas  living  on  the  estate  along  the  Magat  River  and  on 
the  islands  in  the  river,  who  live  by  fishing  and  hunting  and  who  periodically 
make  caingins  or  clearings  in  the  brush  or  timber  and  plant  rice,  corn,  tobacco, 
and  vegetables,  usually  for  their  own  consumption.  They  are  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  mats  out  of  the  wild  banana,  which  grows  on  the  islands  in  the 
river  in  great  profusion.  These  mats  are  sold  to  tobacco  planters  and  used  for 
the  purpose  of  covering  bales  of  tobacco. 

Drainage  and  irrigation. — The  Magat  River,  which  passes  through  the  estate 
from  the  southwest  to  the  northeast,  is  the  largest  river  on  the  estate  and  has 
several  tributaries  on  both  sides.  This  river  rises  in  the  heavily  forested  moun- 
tains of  Nueva  Viscaya,  but  is  not  navigable  except  during  the  rainy  season, 
as  it  has  a  very  great  width  and  is  very  shallow,  and  it  is  very  difficult  of 
navigation  even  in  the  rainy  season  on  account  of  the  swiftness  of  the  current. 
None  of  the  rivers  on  the  estate  dry  up,  and  nearly  all  could  be  used  for  irri- 
gation purposes.  The  bed  of  the  Magat  River  is  about  16  feet  below  the  level 
of  its  banks,  and  it  is  possible  to  tap  this  river  above  the  point  where  it  enters 
the  estate  and  obtain  sufficient  water  to  practically  irrigate  the  whole  estate. 
There  is  at  present  a  small  dam  on  the  Macaiiacao  which,  with  slight  repairs, 
would  divert  all  the  water  from  this  river,  and  which,  it  is  estimated,  would  in 
the  dry  season  irrigate  about  1,000  hectares  of  land.  Irrigation  throughout  the 
estate  appears  feasible  and  easy  owing  to  the  gradual  slope  of  the  land  and  the 
absence  of  hills,  except  in  the  northwest  corner 

Soil  and  agricultural  possibilities. — It  is  estimated  that  there  are  9,000  hec- 
tares of  the  best  class  of  tobacco  land  that  exists  in  the  Cagayan  Valley  on  this 
estate.  This  land  lies  along  the  banks  of  the  Magat  River  and  its  esteros  and 
upon  the  three  large  islands  formed  by  various  branches  of  the  river.  Approxi- 
mately 5,000  hectares  of  the  land  is  annually  overflowed  during  the  months  of 
October  and  November,  and  a  rich  sediment  is  deposited  on  the  soil  which  is 
very  valuable  for  tobacco  culture.  A  crop  of  corn  followed  by  a  crop  of  tobacco 
can  be  raised  annually  on  this  land.  Four  thousand  hectares  which  is  not 
overflowed  is  first-class  tobacco  land,  and  is  also  excellent  land  for  the  raising 
of  sugar  cane  and  rice.  There  are  9,000  hectares  of  land  lying  on  both  sides  of 
the  river  at  a  short  distance  from  its  banks  which  is  not  overflowed,  where 
excellent  crops  of  sugar  cane  or  rice  can  be  raised,  and  it  is  also  believed  that 
this  land,  with  proper  cultivation,  would  produce  first-class  tobacco.  It  is 
estimated  that  14,000  hectares  of  this  estate  could  be  worked  with  steam  plows, 
the  land  being  level  and  unbroken  by  arroyos  or  gulleys,  as  is  the  case  in  most 
parts  of  these  islands.  There  is  an  abundance  of  timber  near  at  hand  which 
could  be  used  for  fuel.  The  hilly  land  in  the  northwest  corner  of  the  estate 
Is  covered  with  cogon  and  other  grasses  and  makes  excellent  grazing  ground, 
there  being  an  abundance  of  water  and  plenty  of  shade.  The  raising  of  cattle 
throughout  the  Cagayan  Valley  has  in  the  past  been  successful,  the  grasses 
proving  excellent  feed  for  animals. 

Climate. — The  climate  consists  of  a  long  rainy  season,  followed  by  a  season  of 
showers  and  a  dry  season  of  about  three  months.  The  rainy  season  ends  in 
November,  and  from  December  to  April  there  are  frequent  light  rains.  The 
rainy  season  begins  in  May  and  during  May  and  June  there  are  frequent 
showers,  while  from  July  to  October  there  are  usually  heavy  rains,  December, 
January,  and  February  being  relatively  dry  and  cool,  but  during  these  months 
a  very  heavy  dew  falls,  and  even  in  the  dryest  season  there  appears  a  great 
deal  of  moisture  on  the  ground. 

Timber. — There  is  no  good  timber,  except  for  fuel,  on  the  estate,  but  in  the 
mountains  a  few  miles  up  the  Magat  River  there  appears  to  be  an  abundance  of 
good  timber  which  can  be  rafted  down  the  Magat  River  during  the  months  of 
July  and  August,  and  such  timber  can  be  used  for  building  purposes.  Conces- 
sions for  cutting  may  be  obtained  from  the  Bureau  of  Forestry. 


288  ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Lahor. — There  is  no  labor  to  be  found  on  the  estate  nor,  in  fact,  anywhere  in 
the  Cagayan  Valley.  It  would  therefore  be  necessary  to  import  labor  from  other 
parts  of  the  islands,  which  has  been  done  by  tobacco  planters  in  some  parts  of 
the  valley.     These  laborers  are  brought  from  Ilocos  or  the  Visayas. 

Value  for  agriculture. — It  is  believed  that  the  agricultural  possibilities  on  this 
tract  of  land  are  unequaled  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  under  proper  manage- 
ment. The  climate,  the  richness  and  depth  of  soil,  topography  of  the  land, 
which  admits  of  the  use  of  the  latest  improved  machinery  under  the  best  possi- 
ble conditions,  and  the  possibilities  of  irrigation  at  small  expense,  insuring  the 
annual  crops,  although  there  is  no  very  pronounced  dry  season  and  the  better 
class  of  crops  may  be  raised  without  the  necessity  of  irrigation. 

The  Cagayan  Valley,  and  particularly  the  province  of  Isabela.  produces  the 
best  tobacco  grown  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  the  soil  on  this  estate  com- 
pares favorably,  if  it  does  not  excel,  the  best  tobacco  lands  in  the  province  of 
Isabela.  That  they  have  not  heretofore  been  occupied  and  cultivated  has  been 
due  to  the  lack  of  population.  The  friars  were  beginning  the  colonization  of 
the  estate  when  the  insurrection  began  against  the  sovereignty  of  Spain. 

Terms  of  sale. — The  value  of  this  estate  on  January  1,  1909,  to  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands  was  ^422,430,  and  the  estate  or  any  portion 
thereof,  with  the  exception  of  the  50  hectares  occupied  by  planters  and  the  300 
or  400  hectares  occupied  by  Kalingas,  will  be  sold  for  cash  on  the  basis  of  the 
price  mentioned,  or  for  cash  at  any  future  date  for  such  sum,  plus  4  per  cent 
interest  thereon  from  February  1,  1909,  to  date  of  sale;  or  the  estate  or  any 
part  thereof  will  be  sold  on  a  basis  of  23  equal  annual  installments,  with  inter- 
est on  deferred  payments  at  the  rate  of  4  per  cent  per  annum ;  or  a  lease  for 
the  estate  or  any  portion  thereof  for  three  years  will  be  granted  at  a  nominal 
rental  of  5  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  portion  desired,  with  the  option  of  pur- 
chase at  the  end  of  three  years  from  January  1,  1909,  for  the  price  above  men- 
tioned, in  20  equal  annual  installments,  with  interest  on  deferred  payments  at 
the  rate  of  4  per  cent  per  annum.  In  case  the  lessee  fails  to  purchase  after 
three  years  lease,  all  improvements  made  on  the  estate  will  become  the  property 
of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  The  estate  has  been  classified  and 
surveyed.  However,  if  it  is  necessary  to  resurvey  into  parcels,  the  cost  of  the 
resurvey  must  be  paid  by  the  lessee  or  purchaser,  as  the  case  may  be. 

There  is  inclosed  herewith  a  blueprint  showing  the  location  of  the  estate  with 
reference  to  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  a  plan  of  the  estate  as  surveyed. 

Further  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  bureau  of  lands,  Manila,  P.  I. 


Director  of  Lands. 
Inclosures  :    One  blueprint  showing  location  of  the  Isabela  estate ;  1  blueprint  of 
Isabela  estate  as  surveyed. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  see  on  page  10,  of  House  Document  No.  963,  the 
following : 

Eniilio  Aguinaldo  has  a  special  lease  for  1,070  hectares  on  the  Imus  estate. 
One-year  lease,  rent  at  fH).10  per  hectare  per  annum.  Other  conditions  same 
as  in  regular  leases. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Where  is  the  Imus  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  Cavite  Province. 

Mr.  GARREi^r.  Has  he  any  privilege  of  purchase  under  his  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  As  I  understand  it,  all  tenants  of  the  friar 
lands  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  the  last  amendment  to  the  friar- 
lands  act  have  the  privilege  and  the  right  to  purchase. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Under  the  law,  or  because  of  the  wording  of  the 
lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Under  the  law.         ^ 

Mr.  Garrett.  Then  it  is  not  in  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  But  it  is  in  the  law  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  289 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  is  the  character  of  that  land  that  Aguinaldo 
has?     Are  you  familiar  with  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  have  been  over  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  far  from  Manila  is  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  About  twenty-odd  miles — 21  or  22  miles. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  are  the  means  of  transportation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Very  poor  at  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Garrett.  By  boat  to  Cavite? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  There  is  a  good  road  as  far  as  Imus  from 
Manila,  and  there  is  a  railroad  also  into  Imus  from  Manila,  but 
from  Imus  up  to  the  southern  end  of  the  estate,  where  this  land  is,  the 
road  is  almost  impassable,  except  in  very  dry  season,  when  they  go 
across  the  fields  any  way. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  is  the  character  of  that  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Part  of  it  is  good  rice  land  and  part  of  it  sugar 
land — good  sugar  land,  I  should  say — and  the  rice  land  part  of  it 
is  irrigated. 

Mr.  Garrett.  This  says  "A  special  lease."  Have  you  a  copy  of 
that  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  ask  that  that  be  inserted  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  have  it  here  at  this  moment.  I  will  supply 
it  later. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Have  you  also  brought  forms  of  the  ordinary  sale 
certificates  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  the  ordinary  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  ask  that  those  be  incorporated  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  furnish  those  also. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  addition  to  the  San  Jose  estate,  what  request  has 
Mr.  Poole  made  of  ;;^^ou  in  regard  to  lands  in  the  Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Personally,  none. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  mean  to  you  as  Director  of  Lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  mean  Mr.  Poole  personally  has  not  applied  for  any 
more  lands. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  this  House  Document  No.  963,  to  which  I  have  re- 
ferred, there  is  a  report  signed  by  you  under  date  of  May  5,  1910.  in 
which  you  say : 

Application  for  purchase  of  930  hectares  of  public  land  in  Mindoro  has  been 
made  by  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co.,  E.  L.  Hamann,  secretary,  signed  by 
Edward  L.  Poole,  managing  agent. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  There  are  three  such  companies  that  he 
represents  as  agent,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  he  apply  to  you  for  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  made  the  application  which  I  have  here;  not 
personally,  but  for  these  companies. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  made  it  personally,  or  for  the  companies? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  companies,  as  I  understand. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Did  you  have  any  conversation  with  him  at  those 
times? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  I  did  not ;  because  he  said  that  he  had  some  com- 
panies in  California  that  wanted  some  lands,  and  I  told  him  all  right, 


SALES  APPLICATION  300.     ENTRY  57. 


82278°— H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3.     (Face  page  290.) 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  291 

on  the  southwest  by  the  sea ;  and  on  the  northwest  by  public  lands  applied  for 
by  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co.,  situate  in  the  barrio  of  Mangarin, 
municipality  of  Bulalacao,  Island  of  Mindoro,  Province  of  Mindoro,  Philippine 

Islands,  and  containing  an  area  of  830  hectares, ares,  and centares ; 

said  tract  conforming  in  shape  to  the  requirements  of  section  11  of  said  public- 
land  act,  as  indicated  by  the  accompanying  rough  sketch. 

2.  To  show  that  the  qualifications  required  by  law  are  possessed  by  the  appli- 
cant, the  following  statement  of  facts  is  submitted : 

3.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  is  known  as  San 
Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  and  was  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State 
of  California,  and  its  principal  place  of  business  or  main  office  is  at  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  and  Mr.  K.  M.  Nealon  is  in  charge  thereof  in  the  capacity  of  secre- 
tary. A  certified  copy  of  the  charter  or  articles  of  incorporation,  and  the 
required  documentary  evidence  showing  that  the  law  governing  the  transaction 
of  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  foreign  corporations  has  been  complied 
with,  are  hereto  attached  and  made  a  part  hereof. 

4.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  has  never  here- 
tofore purchased  any  land  or  acquired  any  interest  therein  under  the  provisions 
of  the  public-land  act  No.  926. 

5.  N;o  member  of  said  corporation  has  ever  purchased  any  land  or  acquired 
interest  therein  under  said  law. 

6.  The  land  owned  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  said  corporation  consists  of 
the  following  tracts  of  the  following  areas,  and  the  same  is  all  the  land  owned 
by  said  corporation  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  viz :  No  land  owned. 

7.  If  the  land  herein  applied  for  is  awarded  to  said  corporation,  it  is  the 
intention  of  said  corporation  to  occupy,  cultivate,  and  improve  the  same  as 
provided  by  law,  and  said  land  will  not  be  sold  or  in  any  manner  encumbered 
prior  to  the  issuance  of  the  patent  therefor.  The  provisions  of  the  public-land 
laws  relating  to  purchases  of  public  land  by  corporations,  and  the  restrictions, 
limitations,  and  requirements  of  section  75  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1, 
1902,  are  understood  and  will  be  fully  complied  with  by  the  applicant. 

8.  The  undersigned  has  been  upon  and  examined  the  land  applied  for,  and 
it  contains  no  indications  of  settlement  or  occupation,  and  to  tfie  best  of  his 
knowledge,  information,  and  belief  it  is  unoccupied,  unreserved,  unappropriated, 
nonmineral  agricultural  public  land,  contains  no  valuable  deposits  of  coals  or 
salts,  and  is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry  or  other  purposes. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 
(Signature  of  person  swearing  to  application.) 

San  Mateo  Agricultural   Co., 
(Name  of  the  corporation  making  application.) 

By  Edw.  L.  Poole, 

Managing  Agent, 
affidavit. 

Philippine  Islands,  Province  of 


Municipality  of  City  of  Ma/nila,  ss: 

9.  I,  Edw.  L.  Poole,  the  person  making  this  application  for  the  corporation 
aforesaid,  first  having  been  solemnly  sworn,  upon  my  oath  depose  and  say: 
That  I  have  read  and  understand  the  foregoing  application ;  that  I  signed  said 
application  and  this  affidavit  in  the  presence  of  the  oflicer  who  swore  me;  that 
I  am  duly  authorized  by  said  corporation  to  make  this  application  on  their 
behalf;  that  each  and  every  statement  in  said  application  is  true  and  correct. 
So  help  me  God. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 

10.  Before  me,  at  the  municipality  aforesaid,  on  this  2nd  day  of  February, 
1910,  personally  appeared  Edw.  L.  Poole,  personally  known  to  me  to  be  the 
person  whose  name  is  signed  to  the  foregoing  application,  and  in  my  presence 
he  signed  said  application  and  subscribed  and  swore  to  the  foregoing  affidavit. 

11.  The  affiant  exhibited  to  me  his  cedula,  which  was  No.  F  1946,  issued  at 
Manila  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910,  which  showed  him  at  the  date  of  said 
cedula  to  be  41  years  of  age,  and  a  native  of  Monterey,  California. 

To  all  of  which  I  certify. 

Eugene  A.  Perkins, 
(Officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths.) 

Notary  Public. 
(Official  title.) 
FIjese  aquf  un  sello  de  rentas  Internas  de  S,  20  centavos. 


292  ADMINISTKATION    OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Department  of  the  Interior. 

Bureau  of  Public  Lands. 

SALES    application. 

(By  a  corporation.) 

Bureau  of  Public  Lmv^s  No.  301,  Entry  No.  58.  Local  Land  Office  No. 

1.  Application  is  hereby  made  to  purchase  the  following-described  tract  of 
land  under  the  provisions  of  Chapter  II  of  the  public-land  act,  No.  926,  viz : 

Bounded  on  northeast  by  public  lands  purchased  by  the  San  Francisco  Agri- 
cultural Co.  and  vacant  public  lands;  on  the  southeast  by  vacant  public  lands, 
Mangarin  Bay,  homestead  applications  Nos.  7400  and  5582  by  Mamerto  de 
Mesa  and  Eugenio  de  Mesa,  respectievly,  and  the  Labangan  River;  on  south- 
v^est  by  public  lands  purchased  by  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co. ;  on  the 
northwest  by  public  lands  purchased  by  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co., 
situate  in  the  barrio  of  Mangarin,  municipality  of  Bulalacao,  Island  of  Min- 
doro,  Province  of  Mindoro,  Philippine  Islands,  and  containing  an  area  of  930 

hectares, ares,  and centares,   excluding  all  homesteads;   said  tract 

conforming  in  shape  to  the  requirements  of  section  11  of  said  public-land  act,  as 
indicated  by  the  accompanying  rough  sketch. 

2.  To  show  that  the  qualifications  required  by  law  are  possessed  by  the  appli- 
cant, the  following  statement  of  facts  is  submitted  : 

3.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  is  known  as  San 
Carlos  Agricultural  Co.,  and  was  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of 
California,  and  its  principal  place  of  business  or  main  office  is  at  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  and  Mr.  E.  L.  Hamann  is  in  charge  thereof  in  the  caiiacity  of  secre- 
tary. A  certified  copy  of  the  charter  or  articles  of  incorporation  and  the 
required  documentary  evidence  showing  that  the  law  governing  the  transaction 
of  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  foreign  corporations  has  been  complied 
with  are  hereto  attached  and  made  a  part  hereof. 

4.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  has  never  hereto- 
fore purchased  any  land  or  acquired  any  interest  therein  under  the  provisions 
of  the  public-land  act,  No.  926. 

5.  No  member  of  said  corporation  has  ever  purchased  any  land  or  acquired 
interest  therein  under  said  law. 

6.  The  land  owned  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  said  corporation  consists  of 
the  following  tracts  of  the  following  areas,  and  the  same  is  all  the  land  owned 
by  said  cori)oration  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  viz :  No  land  owned. 

7.  If  the  land  herein  applied  for  is  awarded  to  said  corporation,  it  is  the  in- 
tention of  said  corporation  to  occupy,  cultivate,  and  improve  the  same  as  pro- 
vided by  law,  and  said  land  will  not  be  sold  or  in  any  manner  encumbered  prior 
to  the  issuance  of  the  patent  therefor.  The  provisions  of  the  public-land  laws 
relating  to  purchases  of  public  land  by  corporations,  and  the  restrictions,  limi- 
tations, and  requirements  of  section  75  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902, 
are  understood  and  will  be  fully  complied  with  by  the  applicant. 

8.  The  undersigned  has  been  upon  and  examined  the  land  applied  for,  and  it 
contains  no  indications  of  settlement  or  occupation,  and  to  the  best  of  his 
knowledge,  information,  and  belief  it  is  unoccupied,  unreserve,  unappropri- 
ated, nonmineral  agricultural  jniblic  land,  contains  no  valuable  deposits  of  coal 
or  salts,  and  is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry  or  other  purposes. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 
(Signature  of  person  swearing  to  application.) 

San  Carlos  Agrtcitltural  Co., 
(Name  of  the  corporation  making  application.) 

By  Edw.  L.  Poolk, 

Managing  Agent. 
affidavit. 

Philippine  Islands,  Province  of , 

MunicipaUty  of  City  of  Manila,  ss: 

9.  I,  Edward  L.  Poole,  the  person  making  this  application  for  the  corporation 
aforesaid,  first  having  been  solemnly  sworn,  upon  my  oath  depose  and  say : 
That  I  have  read  and  understand  the  foregoing  ai)plication ;  that  I  signed  said 


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ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  293 

application  and  this  affidavit  in  the  presence  of  the  officer  who  swore  me ;  that 
I  am  duly  authorized  by  said  corporation  to  make  this  application  on  their 
behalf;  that  each  and  every  statement  in  said  application  is  true  and  correct. 
So  help  me  God. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 

10.  Before  me,  at  the  municipality  aforesaid,  on  this  2nd  day  of  February, 
1910,  personally  appeared  Edw.  L.  Poole,  personally  known  to  me  to  be  the  per- 
son whose  name  is  signed  to  the  foregoing  application,  and  in  my  presence  he 
signed  said  application  and  subscribed  and  swore  to  the  foregoing  affidavit. 

11.  The  affiant  exhibited  to  me  his  cedula,  which  was  No.  F  1946,  issued  at 
Manila  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910,  which  showed  him  at  the  date  of  said 
cedula  to  be  41  years  of  age  and  a  native  of  Monterey,  California. 

To  all  of  which  I  certify. 

Eugene  A.  Perkins, 
(Officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths.) 
Notary  Piihlic. 
(Official  title.) 
Ffjese  aquf  un  sello  de  rentas  internas  de  d  20  centavos. 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Public  Lands. 

SALES    application. 
(By  a  corporation.) 

Bureau  of  Public  Lands  No.  302,  Entry  No.  59.  Local  Land  Office  No. 

1.  Application  is  hereby  made  to  purchase  the  following-described  tract  of 
land  under  the  provisions  of  Chapter  II  of  the  public  land  act,  No.  926,  viz : 

Bounded  on  northeast  by  public  lands,  on  southeast  by  public  lands  pur- 
chased by  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Co.  and  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural 
Co.,  on  the  southwest  by  the  sea,  and  on  the  northwest  by  the  San  Jose  friar 
land  estate,  situate  in  the  barrio  of  Mangarin,  municipality  of  Bulalacao, 
Island  of  Mindoro,  Province  of  Mindoro,  Philippine  Islands,  and  containing  an 

area  of  840  hectares, ares,  and centares;    said  tract  conforming  in 

shape  to  the  requirements  of  section  11  of  said  public  land  act,  as  indicated  by 
the  accompanying  rough  sketch. 

2.  To  show  that  the  qualifications  required  by  law  are  possessed  by  the  ap- 
plicant, the  following  statement  of  facts  is  submitted : 

3.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  is  known  as 
San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co.,  and  was  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State 
of  California,  and  its  principal  place  of  business  or  main  office  is  at  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  Mr.  Charles  MclMullan  is  in  charge  thereof  in  the  capacity  of  secre- 
tary. A  certified  copy  of  the  charter  or  articles  of  incorporation  and  the  re- 
quired documentary  evidence  sliowing  that  the  law  governing  the  transaction 
of  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  foreign  corporations  has  been  complied 
with  are  hereto  attached  and  made  a  part  hereof. 

4.  The  corporation  on  whose  behalf  this  application  is  made  has  never  here- 
tofore purchased  any  land  or  acquired  any  interest  therein  under  the  provisions 
of  the  public  land  act  No.  926. 

5.  No  member  of  said  corporation  has  ever  purchased  any  land  or  acquired 
interest  therein  under  said  law. 

6.  The  land  owned  in  the  Pliilippine  Islands  by  said  corporation  consists  of 
the  following  tracts  of  the  following  areas,  and  the  same  is  all  the  land  owned 
by  said  corporation  in  the  Pliilippine  Islands,  viz :    No  land  owned. 

7.  If  the  land  herein  applied  for  is  awarded  to  said  corporation  it  is  the 
intention  of  said  corporation  to  occupy,  cultivate,  and  improve  the  same  as 
provided  by  law,  and  said  land  will  not  be  sold  or  in  any  manner  encumbered 
prior  to  the  issuance  of  the  patent  therefor.  The  provisions  of  the  public  land 
laws  relating  to  purchases  of  public  land  by  corporations  and  the  restrictions, 
limitations,  and  requirements  of  section  75  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1, 
1902,  are  understood  and  will  be  fully  complied  with  by  the  applicant. 

8.  The  undersigned  has  been  upon  and  examined  the  land  applied  for,  and  it 
contains  no  indications  of  settlement  or  occupation,  and  to  the  best  of  his 


294  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

knowledge,  information,  and  belief  it  is  unoccupied,  unreserved,  unappropriated, 
nonmineral  agricultural  public  land,  contains  no  valuable  deposits  of  coals  or 
salts,  and  is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry  or  other  purposes. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 
(Signature  of  person  swearing  to  application.) 

San  Francisco  Agricultural  Co., 
By  Edw.  L.  Poole, 
(Name  of  the  corporation  making  application.) 
Managing  Agent, 

affidavit. 

Philippine  Islands,  Province  of , 

Municipality  of  City  of  Manila,  ss: 

9.  I,  Edward  L.  Poole,  the  person  making  this  application  for  the  corporation 
aforesaid,  first  having  been  solemnly  sworn,  upon  my  oath  depose  and  say: 
That  I  have  read  and  understand  the  foregoing  application ;  that  I  signed  said 
application  and  this  affidavit  in  the  presence  of  the  officer  who  swore  me;  that 
I  am  duly  authorized  by  said  corporation  to  make  this  application  on  their 
behalf;  that  each  and  every  statement  in  said  application  is  true  and  correct. 
So  help  me  God. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 

10.  Before  me,  at  the  municipality  aforesaid,  on  this  2nd  day  of  February, 
1910,  personally  appeared  Edward  L.  Poole,  personally  known  to  me  to  be  the 
person  whose  name  is  signed  to  the  foregoing  application,  and  in  my  presence 
he  signed  said  application  and  subscribed  and  swore  to  the  foregoing  affidavit. 

11.  The  affiant  exhibited  to  me  his  cedula,  which  was  No.  F  1946,  issued  at 
Manila  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910,  which  showed  him  at  the  date  of  said 
cedula  to  be  41  years  of  age  and  a  native  of  Monterey,  California. 

To  all  of  which  I  certify. 

Eugene  A.  Perkins, 
(Officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths.) 
Notary  PuUic. 
(Official  title.) 
Fijese  aqul  un  sello  de  rentas  internas  de  ^  20  centavos, 

Mr.  Gareett.  Would  the  railroad  extend  over  these  lands? 

Mr.  Sl^.eper.  I  think  it  runs  right  through  these  lands. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Were  they  carried  all  the  way  to  Mangarin? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Garre^pf.  Have  you  any  copies  of  the  certificates  of  incorpora- 
tion of  these  companies? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  I  have. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Or  of  the  papers  that  they  file  in  order  to  be  regis- 
tered in  the  Philippines? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  not  certain  whether  I  have  here  certificates  of 
incorporation  of  these  companies  or  not. 

Mr.  Garrett.  If  you  have,  I  ask  you  to  hand  them  to  the  stenog- 
rapher. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  did  have.  I  know  they  were  presented  at  the 
office  at  the  time.    Whether  they  were  returned  or  not  I  am  not  sure. 

The  Chairman.  If  you  find  you  have  them,  hand  them  to  the 
stenographer  to  go  into  the  record  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  May  I  ask,  Mr.  Chairman,  if  it  is  the  purpose  of  the 
committee  to  continue  this  afternoon  ? 

The  Chairman.  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Who  is  Arturo  Cancel  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  Filipino  of  the  Province  of  KizaL 


SALES  APPLICATION  302.     ENTBY  59. 


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ADMINISTBATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  295 

Mr.  Graham.  In  connection  with  that,  I  want  to  ask  a  question. 
I  want  to  know,  when  you  made  that  lease  with  Seiior  Arturo  Dancel, 
had  you  arranged  to  get  that  road  or  improve  that  road  that  was  to 
lead  through  the  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  Dancel  knew;  he  had  been  very  energetic  in 
trying  to  get  roads  through  it  in  that  nmtry.  That  was  his  prov- 
ince, and  he  was  interested  out  there. 

Mr.  Graham.  Did  you  agree  with  him,  the  same  as  with  Mr.  Car- 
penter, that  you  would  endeavor  to  have  that  road  put  in  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Does  this  road  run  through  the  Piedad  estate  and 
the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  people  would  you  estimate  will  be  served 
by  that  road  ?    How  many  people  are  holding  on  those  two  estates  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Practically  all  the  people  on  both  estates  would  be 
served  by  that  road. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  that  would  approximate  about  how  many? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  about  six  or  seven  thousand  people. 

Mr.  Madison.  On  those  two  roads  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  those  two  roads,  including  the  two  estates,  the 
large  estates  between  the  city  of  Manila  and  the  Piedad  estate,  and 
the  estates  beyond  the  Tala  estate  called  San  Jose,  I  think,  and  some 
other  people  that  are  up  in  that  country.  It  opens  that  entire 
country. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  figure  the  residents  in  the  outskirts  of  Manila 
in  that  estimate  of  six  or  seven  thousand,  or  purely  rural  inhabitants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  people  that  cultivated  the  land  and  the  owners 
of  the  lands. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  of  those  six  or  seven  thousand  would  be 
immediately  adjacent  to  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  quite  get  the  purport  of  that  question. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  of  those  six  or  seven  thousand  people 
served  by  the  road  will  be  people  who  are  landowners  immediately 
adjacent  to  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  not  speaking  of  landowners,  because  these 
lands  around  Manila  are  divided  into  large  estates,  and  between  the 
Piedad  estate  and  the  boundaries  of  the  city  of  Manila  there  is  one 
estate  only,  a  couple  of  miles  there.  Then  there  is  the  Piedad  estate, 
3  or  4  or  5  more  miles. 

Mr.  Madison.  To  get  at  it  definitely,  and  to  get  the  idea  I  want 
to  develop,  how  many  people  on  the  Tala  estate  will  be  served  by  this 
road  if  it  is  projected  onto  and  through  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  say  2,000  to  2,500  people. 

Mr.  Madison.  On  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  Tala  estate;  yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  how  many  on  the  Piedad  estate  will  be  served 
and  benefited  by  that  road? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  About  the  same  number,  approximately. 

Mr.  Madison.  They  are  tenants,  are  they  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  tenants,  yes;  tenants  or  owners,  either  one 
or  the  other. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  are  not  figuring  your  employees  in  your  esti- 
mates? 


296  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  I  am  figuring  the  population  that  are  out  there, 
either  doing  work  or  residing  there. 

Mr,  Madison.  How  many  of  them  would  be  landowners  or  lessees? 
Give  the  approximate  amount  for  each  of  those  two  estates. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  Tala  estate,  400  landowners,  because  they 
have  purchased;  on  the  Piedad  estate,  600  lessees,  because  they  have 
not  purchased,  or  had  not  at  the  date  of  this  report,  July  31. 

Mr.  RucKER.  Mr.  Sleeper,  do  you  know  where  A.  F.  Thayer  is 
now  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  l^To,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  He  some  time  had  an  office  in  Manila,  did  he  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  A  practicing  lawyer? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Rucker.  He  is  a  lawyer,  is  he  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Is  he  a  nephew  of  the  United  States  judge  assigned 
to  duty  in  China? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Speaking  of  the  difficulty  that  Mr.  Poole  had  in 

fetting  employees  upon  his  estate  or  land  that  he  purchased,  what 
oes  that  arise  from?  What  does  the  difficulty  arise  from  in  get- 
ting labor  down  that  distance? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  distance  is  the  particular  difficulty.  The  Fili- 
pino is  not  in  the  habit  of  leaving  home,  and  does  not  desire  to  leave 
his  native  town  or  village. 

Mr.  Rucker.  The  same  difficulties  would  not,  then,  be  encountered 
by  Mr.  Carpenter  with  reference  to  the  cultivation  of  his  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  as  great,  because  it  is  nearer  to  the  centers  of 
population. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Would  there  be  any  difficulty  in  securing  labor  as 
near  as  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  there  is  difficulty  in  securing  farm  labor  at 
any  point  in  the  Philippine  Islands  to-day. 

Mr.  Rucker.  From  what  does  that  arise? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  arises  from  the  methods  in  vogue  there  of 
handling  labor,  and  the  fact  that  the  Filipino  has  not  yet  learned 
to  do  the  work  expected  of  farm  laborers. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  the  conditions  of  the  country  and  climate  and 
all  such  that  the  men  can  live  with  but  little,  very  little,  labor? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  one  of  the  things  that  tends  to  make  it  dif- 
ficult to  obtain  labor? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  they  do  not  like  to  do  what  they  consider 
a  day's  work  every  day. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  move,  when  the  committee  ad- 
journs, that  we  adjourn  until  half  past  10  to-morrow  morning. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  second  the  motion. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  moved  and  seconded  when  the  committee 
adjourn  to-day  it  adjourn  until  10.30  to-morrow  morning. 

(The  motion  was  carried.) 

Mr.  Rucker.  Mr.  Sleeper,  you  spoke  about  Mr.  Thayer  getting 
into  some  financial  difficulty  there.  Will  you  please  state,  if  you 
know,  how  it  came  about,  or  whether  it  came  about  by  reason  of  his 
undertaking  this  project? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  297 

Mr.  Sleeper.  As  I  understand  it,  Mr.  Thayer  did  not  have  the 
money  or  the  backing  to  do  the  work  he  undertook  to  do  in  improving 
and  operating  the  Calamba  estate.  He  went  to  work  building  roads, 
and  so  forth,  and  he  was  pressed  for  money  from  the  very  beginning, 
and,  finally,  after  borrowing  as  much  as  he  could,  his  creditors  got 
anxious  about  him,  and  he  suddenly  left  Manila,  and  his  estate  was 
therefore  forced  into  insolvency. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Sleeper,  you  say  the  fact  that  Mr.  Carpenter 
took  a  lease  from  this  probably  encouraged  the  Filipinos  themselves 
to  want  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Would  that  have  been  true  if  any  American  had 
taken  it  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  think  it  would.  It  might  not  have  been  as 
true,  because  Mr.  Carpenter  was  well  known  and  respected  and  liked 
by  the  Filipinos. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He  is  popular  among  the  Filipinos  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  They  have  confidence  in  his  judgment? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  According  to  your  estimate  of  values  of  this  land, 
was  he  not  the  innocent  cause  of  sort  of  putting  up  a  job  on  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  would  not  like  to  say  that,  or  you  might  accuse 
me  of  having  put  up  a  job  on  him. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Are  there  any  other  officials  there  who  have  taken  a 
lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  any  extent.  For  instance,  I  believe  I  bought 
a  little  tract  of  land  on  which  the  Stotsenburg  Monument  is  located, 
with  a  view  of  deeding  it  to  the  Stotsenburg  Post ;  and  of  that  kind 
there  are  a  few  employees  that  have  purchased  small  tracts,  perhaps 
a  residence  or  a  house  or  home  in  Cebu,  but  as  a  rule  none  have  gone 
in  for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  these  lands  for  the  purpose  of 
making  any  business  of  it. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  This  lessee,  Mr.  Carpenter,  is  required  to  cultivate 
certain  land — a  certain  amount  of  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  am  curious  to  know  what  you  mean  by  cultiva- 
tion.    I  understand  this  ylang-ylang  tree  is  grown  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Aside  from  that,  as  I  gather  from  your  statement, 
the  lands  are  used  for  pasturage  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  do  you  mean  by  cultivation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Using  the  land  for  agricultural  purposes  or  pastur- 
age purposes. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  only  agricultural  purpose,  aside  from  merely 
pasturing  the  land,  I  gather,  is  the  growth  of  these  trees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Rice,  and  other  trees  that  he  has  set  out  there. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Very  little  rice? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  scattered  rice  fields  all  over  the  land; 
wherever  there  is  a  hollow  or  a  good  piece  of  land  they  grow  rice 
there. 

82278°— H.  Kept.  22S9,  01-3 23 


298  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Are  those  ylang-ylang  trees  of  spontaneous 
growth  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  They  have  to  be  planted  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  to  be  planted. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Are  large  tracts  set  out  for  those  trees  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  How  large,  ordinarily? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  several  small  tracts  along  the  road  that 
are  now  in  ylang-ylang  trees.  Some  of  his  land  has  cotton  trees  on 
and  some  of  those  small  tracts  other  trees. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  On  the  Tala  estate  have  you  any  knowledge  of  how 
many  there  are? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  I  have  not  an}^  idea. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  cotton  tree? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  grows  a  tree  cotton. 

The  Chairman.  I  would  like  to  know  the  views  of  the  committee 
with  reference  to  continuing.  A  great  many  feel  they  ought  to  be  in 
the  House  to-day. 

Mr.  Jones.  A  good  many  of  them  have  already  gone,  and  some  of 
the  rest  of  us  want  to  go.  I  think  it  would  be  well  for  the  committee 
to  adjourn  now  until  the  hour  fixed  to-morrow\  I  want  to  ask  just 
one  question  and  then  I  will  make  that  motion. 

The  Chairman.  All  right. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understood  you  to  say,  in  response  to  a  question  pro- 
pounded by  some  member  of  the  committee,  that  Mr.  Carpenter  was 
cultivating  now,  under  the  pasturage  section  of  his  contract,  some 
400  hectares. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  that  is  right. 

Mr.  Jones.  This  is  the  third  year  of  his  tenancy,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Under  that  contract  I  see  that  he  is  required  to  culti- 
vate as  much  as  600  hectares  the  second  year. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  he  has  not  kept  his  contract  in  that  respect, 
has  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  has.  We  have  just  within  the  last  three 
months  determined  the  actual  area  held  by  Mr.  Carpenter;  on  ac- 
count of  the  fact  we  have  just  got  the  estate  ready  for  sale  and  know 
the  area  of  the  various  parcels.  We  have  estimated  by  plantimeter 
and  in  other  ways  what  he  did  have.  According  to  his  contract,  I 
believe  he  was  to  have  800  or  900  hectares  under  cultivation. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Page  103  of  the  Worcester  report. 

Mr.  Jones.  Page  103  has  the  clause  to  which  I  refer. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  One  thousand  hectares  the  third  year.  The  third 
year  is  not  up. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  asked  as  to  the  second  year.  At  the  close  of  the 
second  year  he  was  to  have  had  600  hectares. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  You  wiil  notice  there  is  a  proviso  in  that 
clause  that  any  tract  of  land  not  susceptible  to  cultivation  shall  be 
excluded.  There  are  probably  in  his  tract  at  least  200  hectares  that 
are  not  susceptible  of  cultivation.  They  are  so  poor,  where  the 
limestone  and  rock  comes  out  on  top  of  the  ground.  It  is  bluffs  and 
cliff  and  waste  land,  and  practically  all  the  waste  land  of  the  estate 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  299 

is  in  Mr.  Carpenter's  lease.    All  the  estates  have  some  waste  lands 
in  them. 

Mr.  Jones.  His  lease  covers  over  2,000  hectares. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Would  the  fact  that  some  200  hectares  were  not  sus- 
ceptible of  cultivation  entitle  him  to  a  reduction  of  200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  land  he  could  not  cultivate.  Furthermore,  he 
has  cultivated  some  200  hectares  in  addition  to  his  pasture,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  allowance  we  make  to  him  for  pasturage. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  mean  to  say  he  has  cultivated  really  600  hec- 
tares ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  More  than  that,  I  think.  Under  cultivation  and 
waste  land  there  is  more  than  600  hectares.  Before  I  left  there  we 
had  just  completed  the  area  of  those  estates  to  know  just  exactly 
what  Mr.  Carpenter  was  to  get,  and  since  that  time  the  inspector  has 
been  out  there.     He  is  waiting  for  the  close  of  the  third  year. 

Mr.  Jones.  Since  you  have  called  my  attention  to  that  proviso,  it 
seems  to  me  to  be  a  rather  remarkable  one.  According  to  your  con- 
struction of  that  language,  if  it  should  turn  out  that  600  hectares  of 
these  2,000  hectares  were  not  suitable  for  cultivation,  although  he 
had  left  1,400  hectares  that  were  susceptible  of  cultivation,  he  would 
not  be  required  to  cultivate  an  acre  at  all. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  for  this  year. 

Mr.  Jones.  For  the  second  year? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  second  year. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then,  if  during  the  three  years  in  which  he  was  re- 
quired to  cultivate  the  thousand  hectares,  if  it  turned  that  there 
were  a  thousand  hectares  of  land  not  susceptible  of  cultivation,  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  there  were  over  a  thousand  hectares  sus- 
ceptible of  cultivation,  he  would  not  have  to  cultivate  a  single  acre  of 
land  under  his  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  if  it  was  not  susceptible  of  cultivation;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Not  if  1,000  hectares  were  not  susceptible? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  1,000  were  absolutely  useless. 

Mr.  Jones.  Of  the  other  1,067,  he  would  not  be  required  under 
this  contract  to  cultivate  an  acre? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  not  that  a  very  peculiar  contract  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  idea  was  if  he  was  leasing  land  and  paying  the 
Government  rent  on  land  that  was  absolutely  useless  he  would  re- 
ceive credit  for  that  land  on  the  rent  of  his  land  that  he  did  cul- 
tivate and  the  land  that  he  paid  rent  for. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  noticed  the  language  in  that  proviso  Avhen  I  read  it, 
but  I  had  not  supposed  any  such  construction  as  that  would  be  placed 
upon  it.  I  supposed  there  would  be  a  proportionate  reduction;  as 
200  acres  of  uncultivated  land  Avas  to  the  amount  of  land  that  should 
be  cutlivated,  the  reduction  would  be  made. 

Mr,  Garrett.  I  should  suppose  that  proviso  really  applied  to  the 
expression,  "  Until  the  entire  area  occupied  and  leased  by  him  is 
under  cultivation."  I  would  suppose  that  proviso  simply  meant  to 
apply  to  that. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Suppose  he  got  up  to  all  but  the  uncultivated  land, 
then  he  gets  credit  for  it  anyhow.  In  fact,  if  the  whole  area  was  ab- 
solutely unsusceptible  of  cultivation,  he  would  still  be  paying  rent 


300  ADMIISriSTEATIO]Sr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

and  we  could  not  compel  him  to  cultivate,  and  yet  he  would  pay  rent 
on  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes;  I  understand  that.  The  Government  would  be 
getting  the  rent,  but  the  country  would  not  be  getting  the  benefit  from 
any  cultivation. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  that  is  true ;  but  eventually  he  would  have 
to  buy  at  the  sale  price  or  give  it  up. 

Mr.  Jones.  Or  give  it  up,  of  course? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  As  a  good  business  man  he  w^ould  give  it  up  under 
those  conditions  and  would  not  buy ;  he  certainly  would  not  buy  after 
he  had  had  it  for  two  or  three  years  and  discovered  it  could  not  be 
cultivated. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  knew  there  was  some  land  that  was  not  suscepti- 
ble of  cultivation  when  we  made  this  lease,  and  the  reason  that  was 
put  in  there  was  to  exclude  that  from  the  necessity  of  cultivation. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  merely  wanted  to  know  your  construction  of  that 
language. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  have  not  determined  yet  exactly 

Mr.  Jones  (interposing).  That  is  the  way  it  reads,  but  I  had  not 
supposed  that  was  the  construction. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  our  construction. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  move  we  adjourn  until  to-morrow 
morning  at  10.30  o'clock. 

(The  motion  was  carried.) 

(Thereupon,  at  12.05  o'clock  p.  m.,  the  committee  adjourned  until 
to-morrow,  Thursday,  December  15,  1910,  at  10.30  o'clock. 


House  of  Representatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 
Washington^  D.  G.^  Thursday^  December  IS,  1910. 
The  committee  met  at  10.30  o'clock  a.  m.,  Hon.  Maiiin  E.  Olmsted 
presiding. 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman),  Hamilton,  Hubbard  of  Iowa,  Graham  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Parsons,  Davis,  Madison,  Douglas,  Jones,  Page,  Garrett, 
Denver,  Helm,  Rucker  of  Colorado,  and  Larrinaga  of  Porto  Rico. 

TESTIMONY  OF  MR.  CHARLES  H.  SLEEPER— Continued. 

The  Chairman.  Capt.  Sleeper,  I  do  not  think  you  have  been  asked 
how  many  acres  there  are  in  what  you  term  public  lands,  or  how 
many  there  were  in  the  beginning. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  Philippine  Islands? 

The  Chairman.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  a  very  difficult  question  to  answer.  We  abso- 
lutely do  not  know.  No  surveys  have  ever  been  made,  and  we  have 
no  way  to  determine  at  the  present  time.  There  is  no  way  of  arriving 
at  any  calculation  that  would  be  anywhere  near  right. 

The  Chairman.  What  is  the  best  estimate  that  you  can  make  as 
to  the  number  of  acres  of  what  you  call  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Forty-five  million  acres. 

The  Chairman.  Forty-five  million  acres  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  as  near  as  we  can  come. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  the  original  amount  that  the  United 
States  got  from  Spain  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  many  acres  are  there  or  were  there  origi- 
nally of  the  friar  lands  purchased  by  the  Philippine  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  original  purchase,  you  mean  ? 

The  Chairman.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  ask  for  a  copy  of  that  report  of  Mr. 
Worcester. 

The  Chairman.  Give  it  approximately. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Something  over  400,000,000  acres. 

The  Chairman.  Did  you  put  on  record  yesterday  the  lease  of  Mr. 
Carpenter  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  I  will  ask  you  whether  Mr.  Carpenter  obtained 
permission  to  go  into  private  business? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  From  whom  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  the  chief  executive. 

The  Chairman.  That  is,  from  the  governor  of  the  Philippines? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

301 


302  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  It  has  been  stated  here  that  there  have  been  re- 
cently, within  a  very  short  period,  thousands  of  sales  certificates  made 
out  in  3^our  department? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  we  are  making  them  out  very  fast  at  the 
present  time. 

The  Chairman.  '\^^iat  is  the  occasion  of  their  being  made  in  such 
great  numbers  within  the  past  few  months? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  have  completed  the  survey,  classification  of  land, 
and  preparation  of  the  areas  and  values  of  the  various  parcels  within 
these  estates,  so  that  they  are  ready  for  sale  in  compliance  with  the 
terms  of  the  friar  land  act. 

The  Chairman.  How  did  you  get  so  many  customers  all  at  once? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  customers  were  there  all  the  time,  but  the  infor- 
mation w^as  not  there  on  which  to  make  the  sales — the  descriptions 
and  so  forth. 

The  Chairman.  Were  these  customers  occupants  of  the  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  They  were  tenants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  were  tenants  on  the  land. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  uniform  form  of  lease  for  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  I  notice  in  this  list,  which  has  been  furnished 
here,  the  names  are  given  and  the  area  and  rental  ai:»l  so  forth,  and, 
then,  after  six  or  seven  of  them  they  are  marked  "  special." 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  In  those  cases  the  lease  was  something  special? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  had  as  a  rule  some  special  clause. 

The  Chairman.  Here  is  the  Thayer  lease.  You  have  already 
testified  concerning  this? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Emilio  Aguinaldo? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  One  thousand  and  fifty  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  tell  us  about  that? 

Mr.  Graham.  He  testified  about  that  yesterday. 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes;  in  answer  to  Mr.  Parsons.  You  gave  the 
details  of  the  lease,  did  you  not,  Capt.  Sleeper? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  copy  of  that  is  in  the  record ;  yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  gave  the  particulars  in  which  it  was  different? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not ;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  do  it  now. 

The  Chairman.  What  are  the  special  features  of  that  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Aguinaldo  was  not  an  occupant  of  this  land,  although 
he  had  formerly  occupied  some  of  the  friar  lands,  but  not  these  par- 
ticular lots  on  the  Imus  estate.  There  were  two  classes  of  land 
which  he  desired  to  take  up,  one  of  which  he  thought  would  raise  rice 
and  the  other  was  to  be  devoted  to  sugar.  Therefore  there  was  a 
special  provision  made  in  this  lease  separating  these  two  different 
parcels.  One  consisted  of  262  hectares  of  land,  which  was  partially 
cleared  and  which  he  thought  he  could  devote  to  rice.  There  were 
787  hectares  of  woodland  which  had  to  be  cleared,  which  he  thought 
he  could  devote  to  the  cultivation  of  sugar.  The  total  area  was 
1,050  hectares.     He  went  up  into  the  Imus  estate,  where  there  were 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  303 

no  occupants,  and  took  up  this  land,  and  we  therefore  gave  him 
better  terms  than  we  gave  to  those  occupying  lands  down  below  in 
the  irrigated  and  better  class  of  lands. 

The  Chairman.  The  last  immediately  preceding  here  is  Gregorio 
Acuna,  who  had  44  hectares,  paying  a  total  annual  rental  of  401 
pesos,  while  Aguinaldo  had  to  pay  only  468  pesos  for  1,050  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  because  of  the  inferior  quality  of  his 
land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Difference  in  land  and  difference  in  conditions  exist- 
ing. That  hDlds  through  all  the  other  estates — different  prices  ac- 
cording to  difference  in  lands. 

The  Chairman.  Aguinaldo  is  a  Filipino,  I  take  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Cpiairman.  He  is  the  original  Filipino? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  Gen.  Emilio  Aguinaldo. 

Mr.  Jones.  Let  him  go  on  with  that  statement  about  that  lease. 

The  Chairman.  Yes;  proceed  with  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  Capt.  Sleeper,  please  complete  what  you  were  saying 
about  that  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Aguinaldo  wanted  to  pay  a  certain  sum  for  the 
first  year  of  his  lease,  $210  United  States  currency  for  the  first  year, 
and  at  the  end  of  that  year  it  was  to  be  increased  to  20  cents  gold 
for  the  bosque  hind  per  hectare  per  year  for  each  of  the  two  follow- 
ing 3'ears,  and  he  was  to  be  entitled  to  purchase  the  lands  described 
as  the  baldio  at  the  minimum  rate  at  which  such  lands  were  to  be 
sold  in  that  estate.  That  is,  it  was  to  be  classified  as  baldio,  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  he  had  improved  it.  In  other  words,  he 
was  not  to  be  charged  the  cost  of  the  improvements  when  the  pur- 
chase was  made. 

The  same  thing  applies  to  bosque  lands,  or  lands  covered  with 
timber  and  wood.  That  is  the  only  difference  in  this  lease  from 
other  leases,  except  that  he  took  up  a  larger  area. 

The  Chairman.  Independent  of  the  question  at  law,  what  is  your 
judgment  of  the  wisdom  or  unwisdom  of  disposing  of  these  friar 
lands  as  rapidly  as  possible? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  seems  to  me  a  good  business  proposition,  because 
I  feel  that  it  will  be  impossible  for  many,  many  years  to  come,  unless 
we  do  dispose  of  them  to  outsiders  or  nonoccupants,  to  get  the  lands 
under  cultivation  and  producing  any  kind  of  revenue  to  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

The  Chairman.  There  has  been  some  testimony  or  statements 
here  concerning  a  lease  or  sale  to  Mr.  Worcester;  E.  L.  Worcester, 
I  think  it  is. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  a  lease 

Mr.  Jones  (interposing).  Before  you  go  to  that,  Mr.  Chairman, 
I  would  like  to  ask  a  question  or  two  about  this  Aguinaldo  matter. 

The  Chairman.  Very  well. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  believe  Gen.  Aguinaldo  lives  at  Cavite  Viejo? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  far  from  his  residence  is  this  land  which  has 
been  lensed  to  him  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Nine  or  ten  miles. 


304  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understood  you  to  say  it  was  quite  inferior  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  It  is  the  southern  end  of  the  Imus  estate, 
which  is  above  the  line  where  irrigation  can  be  obtained,  and  it  is  a 
very  rough  country  except  in  small  spots. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  can  not  be  irrigated? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  So  far  as  we  know,  it  can  not  be  irrigated. 

Mr.  Jones.  He  owns  some  land  in  that  vicinity,  does  he  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Jones.  He  owns  or  did  own  a  few  years  ago  two  farms  some 
10  or  12  miles  from  Cavite  Veijo,  and  I  wanted  to  know  whether  this 
land  was  adjacent  to  the  land  owned  by  him,  if  you  know? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  conversations  with  him  I  should  judge  that 
the  land  that  he  says  he  owned  was  some  of  this  land  on  these  friar 
estates  that  he  had  the  right  to  purchase,  having  been  a  former 
occupant.    That  is,  the  onl}^  land  I  know  of  that  he  owns  or  controls. 

Mr.  Jones.  Does  he  not  own  land  there  that  he  inherited  that  has 
been  in  the  family  for  years  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  may  be  right  around  his  house,  but  with  the 
exception  of  that  land  in  and  around  the  town  of  Cavite  Veijo, 
municipality  of  Cavite  and  Noveleta,  the  entire  province  of  Cavite 
within  10  miles  is  friar  land. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  remember  very  distinctly  of  his  telling  me  five  years 
ago  that  he  owned  two  farms.  That  was  in  the  days  of  the  recon- 
centration,  when  he  was  claiming  he  was  not  permitted  to  operate 
these  farms. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  may  be. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  wanted  to  know  if  those  farms  were  near  the  land 
that  had  been  leased  to  him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  see  how  they  could  be. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  imagine  not,  from  the  character  of  the  land,  because 
I  understood  these  lands  were  fertile  valuable  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Those  are  the  only  questions  I  wanted  to  ask,  Mr. 
Chairman. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  tell  us  the  details  of  the  sale  or  lease,  or 
whatever  it  was,  of  lands  to  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester.  In  the  first  place, 
were  those  friar  lands  or  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester  made  application  to  purchase, 
or  to  lease,  rather,  a  tract  of  land  in  the  province  of  Nueva  Ecija. 

The  Chairman.  Any  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  No,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Go  on  and  tell  us  about  that. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Worcester  made  a  regular  application  on  the 
forms,  prepared  for  the  purpose,  to  lease  a  tract  of  land  in  the  Barrio 
of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija, 
consisting  of  988  hectares  and  two  ares,  and  submitting  a  sketch  plan 
of  the  land  he  desired.  The  application  is  here  present.  The  applica- 
tion was  acted  upon  in  the  regular  manner  as  prescribed  by  the 
general  land  act. 

Mr.  Douglas.  May  I  see  the  form  of  that  lease,  if  you  are  not 
going  to  use  it  immediately? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  document  was  handed  to  Mr.  Douglas  by  the  witness.) 


ADMINISTEATION    OF    PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  305 

(The  paper  referred  to  is  as  follows:) 

Lea  BE  No.  8. 
[Form  No.  ]1.— (Modelo  No.  11.)— Eoc-cna.] 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

El  Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas. 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Departamento  del  Interior. 

Bureau  of  Lands. 
Oficina  de  Terrenos. 

lease  application. 
soLicTTrD  de  arrendamiento. 

(By  an  Individual.) 
(Por  iin  Indivivliio.) 

Bureau  of  Lands  No.  65.  Local  Land  Office  No 

Oficina  de  Terrenes  No.  Oficina  Local  de  Terrenos  No. 

1.  The  undersigned  hereby  makes  application  under  the  provisions  of  Chapter  III 

1.  For  la  presente  solicita  el  infrascrito,  bajo  las  disposiciones  del  Capitulo  III  de  la  Ley  de  Terrenos 

of  the  public  land  act  No.  926  to  lease  for  the  period  of years,  the  following 

del  Estado  No.  926  arrendar  por  el  periodo  de  aiios,  el  torreno  que  4 

tract  of  land,  viz  (give  as  accurate  a  description  as  possible,  showing  boundaries  of 
continuaci6n  se  describe  (dar  alii  una  descripci6n  tan  exacta  como  sea  posible,  manifcstando 

land,  having  reference  to  natural  objects  and  permanent  monuments,  if  any): 

los  limites  del  torreno.  haciendo  referenda  k  los  objetos  naturales  y  monumentos  permanentes  si  los 

hubiere): 

The  point  farthest  south  is  about  one  and  one-half  miles  from  the  Rio  Grande  at  a 
point  known  as  Camandag.  The  surrounding  land  is  public  land  or  public  forest. 
From  starting  point  to  northeast  corner,  land  lies  near  creek,  Mudcong,  or  near 

woods  bordering  the  same.     No  barrio  or  houses  on  or  near  this  land 

situate  in  the  barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  island  of  Luzon, 
sito  en  el  Barrio  de  Municipio  de  Isla  de 

province  of  Nueva  Ecija,  Philippine  Islands,  and  containing  an  area  of  988  liectares, 
Provincia  de  Islas  Filipinas,  que  comprende  una  extensi6n  superficial  de  hect/ireas, 

2  ares,  and cen tares;  said  tract  being  as  nearly  as  practicable  rectangular  in 

areas,  y  centidreas;  siendo  dicho  terreno  en  cuanto  sea  posible  de  forma  rectangular 

shape  and  not  more  than  800  meters  in  length,  as  indicated  by  the  accompanying 
a  800  metros  de  largo,  segun  se  halla  trazado  en  el  ad  junto  croquis. 

rough  sketch. 

2.  To  show  that  the  qualifications  required  by  law  are  possessed  by  the  applicant, 

2.  Para  que  conste  que  reune  el  solicitante  las  condiciones  que  exige  la  ley, 

the  following  statement  of  facts  is  submitted: 
se  expone  lo  siguiente: 

3.  My  name  is  E.  L.  Worcester;  my  age  is years;  the  place  of  my  birth 

3.  Mynombrees  tengo  afiosdeedad;  naci  en 

was ;  I  am  a  citizen  of ;  and  my  post-office  address  is  Cabanatuan,  Nueva 

soy  ciudadano  de  *  y  mi  direccidn  postal  es 

Ecija. 

4.  I  have  been  upon  and  examined  the  land  applied  for,  and  it  contains  no 
4.    He  estado  en  el  terreno  objeto  de  la  presente  solicitud  y  lo  he  reconocido,  y  no  existen  en  (i\ 

improvements  or  indications  of  settlement  or  cultivation,  and  to  the  best  of  my 

mejoras  ni  indicios  de  residencia  ni  occupaci6n,  y  segiin  mi  leal  saber,  en  tender  y  creencia,  es  ter- 

knowledge,  information,  and  belief  the  land  is  unoccupied,  unreserved,  unappropri- 
reno  agricola  del  Estado,  no  ocupado,  ni  reservado,  ni  apropiado,  que  no  contiene  mineral  es  ni 

ated,  nonmineral  agricultural  public  land;  contains  no  deposits  of  coal  or  salts,  and 
dep6sitos  de  carb6n  ni  sales,  y  se  presta  m^s  para  fines  agricolas  que  para  los  forestales  \i  otros. 

is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry  or  other  purposes. 


306 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


5.  If  I  am  awarded  a  lease  of  the  land  I  will  reimburse  the  Government  the  cost 
5.  En  caso  de  que  se  me  adjudicaire  el  terreno  en  arrendamiento,  reeinbolsar6  al  Gobierno  los 

of  survey,  and  I  will  sign  and  execute  a  contract  of  lease  for  said  land  containing  the 
gastos  de  la  medici6n,  y  firmar^  y  otorgar6  un  contrato  de  arrendamiento  de  dicho  terreno,  reuniendo 

provisions  and  conditions  required  and  provided  by  law  and  bv  the  rules  and  regu- 
dicho  contrato  las  disposiciones  y  condiciones  que  exige  y  provee  tanto  la  ley  como  las  reglas  y 

lations  governing  the  leasing  of  agricultural  public  lands, 
reglamentos  que  tratan  del  arrendamiento  de  terrenos  agricolas  del  Estado. 

E.    L.   WORCESTEB. 

(Signature  of  applicant.) 
(Firma  del  solicitante.) 


Affidavit. 
DeclaraciOn  Jurada. 


PHILIPPINE   ISLANDS. 

ISLAS  FILiriNAS. 


Province  of 

Provincia  de 

Municipality  of 

Municipio  de 

6.  I, ,  the  person  making  this  application, 

6.  Yo,  la  persona  que  presento  esta  solicitud, 

first  being  duly  sworn,  upon  mj  oath  depose  and  say:  That  I  have  read  or  have  had 
revio  juramento  en  debida  forma,  bajo  juramento  depongo  y  digo:  Que  he  leido  li  oido  leer 

read  to  me  and  thoroughly  understand  the  foregoing  application;  that  I  signed  said 
la  anterior  solicitud  y  la  entiendo  perfectamente;  que  firm6  dicha 

application  and  this  affidavit  in  the  presence  of  the  officer  who  administered  the  oath; 
solicitud  y  esta  declaraci6n  jurada  en  presencia  del  funcionario         ante  quicn  presto  juramento;  y 

that  each  and  every  statement  in  said  application  is  true  and  correct.     So  help  me  God. 
que  cuanto  expongo  en  aquella  es  cierto.    Asi  Dios  me  ayude. 


7.  Before  me,  at  the  place  aforesaid,  on  this day  of ,  190..,  personally 

7.  Ante  mi  en  el  mencionado  lugar,  hoy  compareci6 

appeared ,  pernonally  known  to  me  to  be  the  person  whose  name  appears  in 

personalmente  que  me  consta  ser  la  persona  cuyo  nombre  y  apellido  aparecen  en  la  anterior 

the  foregoing  application,  and  in  my  presence  he  signed  the  said  application  and 
solicitud,  y  en  mi  presencia  firm6  dicha  solicitud,  y 

subscribed  and  swore  to  this  affidavit. 
suscribi6  y  jur6  la  presente  declaracidn. 

8.  The  affiant  exhibited  to  me  his  Cedula,  which  was  No ,  issued  at , 

8.  El  deponente  me  exhibi6  su  cMula  personal,  No  expedida  en 

on  the 
el  dia 


day  of ,  190. .,  which  showed  him  at  the  date  of  said  Cedula  to  be 

de  de  190  ,  en  la  cual  consta  que,  d  la  fecha  de  la  misma,  tenia. 


years  of  age,  and  a  native  of 

alios  de  edad,  siendo  natural  de 

To  all  of  which  I  certify. 

De  todo  lo  cual  doy  fe. 


Here  attach  a 

20-centavo 

documentary 

stamp. 

Fljese  aqui  un 

sello  documentario 

de  A  20 

centavos. 


(Officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths.) 
(Funcionario  facultado  para  tomar  juramentos.) 


(Official  title.) 
(Empleo  oficial.) 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 
PUBLIC  LAND. 


307 


2288.79  m. 

2911.25  m. 
6600.00  m. 

2800.00  m. 

% 

i 

400  m. 

800  m. 

400  m. 
1600  m. 

PUBLIC  LAND. 


NOTICE    TO    APPLICANTS. 


Executive  Order  1         The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 

>  Executive  Bureau, 

No.  31.  J  Manila,  June  29,  1906. 

Ttie  attention  of  all  concerned  is  invited  to  the  following  resolution,  adopted 
by  the  Philippine  Commission  on  June  twenty-sixth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six : 

"  Whereas  it  is  believed  that  there  are  in  the  Philippine  Islands  many  persons 
neither  able  properly  to  prepare  applications  for  public  land  nor  to  pay  for 
having  such  work  performed;  and 

"  Whereas  it  is  believed  to  be  for  the  best  interests  of  all  concerned  that  such 
persons  be  assisted  in  preparing  their  applications  to  enter  public  land :  Now, 
therefore, 

"  Be  it  resolved.  That  municipal  secretaries  shall  hereafter  be  required,  in 
addition  to  their  other  duties,  to  prepare,  without  charge,  applications  for  public 
land  in  all  cases  where  the  application  has  reference  to  land  located  w^ithin  the 
municipality,  on  the  form  printed  for  such  purpose,  for  all  persons  who  are 
unable  to  prepare  such  form." 

All  municipal  secretaries  are  hereby  required  to  comply  with  the  foregoing 
resolution. 

Henry  C.  Ide, 

Governor  General. 


aviso   jL   LOS    SOLICITANTES. 


Orden  EjecutivaI 
No.  31.  J 


Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas, 

Oficina  Ejecutiva, 
Manila,  29  de  Junto  de  1906, 


Se  llama  la  atenci6n  de  todos  los  interesados  sob  re  la  siguiente  resoluci6ii 
adoptada  por  la  Comisi6n  de  Filipinas  el  veintiseis  de  Junto  de  mil  novecientos 

seis : 

"  Por  cuanto,  se  cree  que  hay  en  las  Islas  Filipinas  muchas  personas  que 
no  pueden  preparar  debidamente  las  solicitudes  para  terrenes  del  Estado,  nl 
pagar  a  otra  persona  para  que  se  encargue  de  hacer  dlcho  trabajo,  y 

"  Por  cuanto,  se  cree  que  redundarla  en  el  mejor  interes  de  todos  los  inter- 
esados que  se  ayudara  a  dichas  personas  en  la  preparacion  de  sus  solicitudes 
para  registrar  dichos  terrenes:  Por  lo  tanto, 

"  Se  resuelve.  Que  en  lo  sucesivo  se  exija  k  los  secretaries  municipales  que 
ademds  de  sus  otros  deberes,  preparen,  en  el  modelo  impreso  al  efecto,  sin 
derechos,  las  solicitudes  de  terrenes  del  Estado,  por  todas  las  personas  que  no 


308  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

puedan  redactarlas  en  dicho  modelo,  en  todos  los  casos  en  que  los  refer! dos 
terrenos  se  hallen  situados  dentro  del  municipio." 

Por  la  presente  se  exige  que  todos  los  secretarios  municipales  cumplan  eon 
la  anterior  resoluci6n. 

Henry  C.  Ide, 

Qohernador  General. 

[First  indorsement.] 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

BagulO,  March  15,  1909. 
Respectfully  returned  to  the  director  of  lands,  through  the  honorable  the 
Governor  General. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  lessee  in  this  instance  is  a  nephev^  of  the  secre- 
tary of  the  interior,  the  fact  of  the  issuance  of  this  lease  is  called  to  the  at- 
tention of  the  Governor  General  so  that  no  claim  may  ever  be  made  that  due 
publicity  did  not  attach  to  it. 

The  rental  charged  is  that  which  has  been  charged  invariably  for  public 
land  of  similar  character. 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

[Second  indorsement.] 

The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 

Executive  Bureau, 

Manila,  March  22,  1909. 
Respectfully  returned  to  the  director  of  lands ;  contents  noted. 

James  F.  Smith, 

Governor  General. 

Mr.  SiJ^EPER.  The  inspector  from  the  bureau  of  lands  was  sent  to 
the  land  to  make  an  inspection,  and  made  a  report. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  report? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  present  that  to  the  stenographer,  so  it 
may  go  in  the  record  at  this  point? 

IVIr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  report  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following,  to 

wit:) 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau   of   Lands, 
Manila,  December  22,  1908. 

The  Director  Bureau  of  Lands. 

Sir  :  In  compliance-with  your  instructions  of  the  1st  instant,  I  visited  the  land 
applied  for  by  E.  L.  Worcester  (lease  application  No.  65)  for  the  purpose  of 
appraising  same. 

The  land  is  situated  approximately  12  miles  in  a  northeast  direction  from 
Cabanuatuan,  in  the  barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Province 
of  Nueva  Ecija.  The  southern  limit  of  the  land  is  about  a  mile  from  the  Rio 
Grande  de  Pampanga,  and  extends  in  a  northerly  direction  for  a  distance  of 
9,300  meters,  with  a  width  of  800  to  1,600  meters.  The  land  is  open,  with  a 
few  scattered  trees  and  ant  hills,  and  slopes  gradually  from  the  northern 
to  the  southern  limit,  being  crossed  by  numerous  arroyos  of  shallow  depth. 
The  land  is  thinly  covered  with  a  short  grass,  showing  that  the  soil  is  of  a 
very  indifferent  quality.  The  soil  of  the  northern  part  is  of  sandy  nature, 
with  gravel  base  a  short  distance  below.  The  soil  near  the  southern  limit  is 
some  richer,  due  no  doubt  to  the  surface  soil  having  been  washed  down  from 
the  upper  slopes.  However,  even  the  best  soil  is  of  very  poor  class,  and  will 
require  a  large  expenditure  of  labor  and  money  to  build  it  to  a  productive  point. 
At  the  present  time  there  is  no  habitation,  excepting  the  barrio  composed  of 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  309 

laborers  employed  by  Mr.  Worcester  and  liis  own  home,  wtihin  5  miles  of  the 
land. 

As  there  is  a  large  quantity  of  Government  land  in  this  vicinity,  the  estab- 
lishment of  Mr.  Worcester  will  be  a  stimulant  to  induce  others  to  take  up 
adjoining  land  and  thereby  build  up  the  country. 

In  view  of  poor  condition  of  soil  and  conditions  attending  the  establishment 
of  a  new  colony  in  a  remote  district,  that  the  minimum  rate  of  10  pesos  per  hec- 
tare be  the  appraisement  of  this  land. 

Very  respectfully,  F.  R.  Clute, 

Inspector,   Bureau   of  Lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  land  was  passed  upon  as  to  its  character,  whether 
forestal  or  agricultural,  or  whether  more  valuable  for  agriculture 
than  forestry,  in  the  regular  manner.    That  report  is  also  here. 

The  Chairman.  You  may  pass  that  report  to  the  stenographer  to 
be  inserted  in  the  record  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  report  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following, 
to  wit:) 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Manila,  Baguio,  April  21,  1908. 
The  Director  of  Forestry. 

Sir  :  1  have  the  honor  to  advise  you  that  E.  L.  Worcester,  whose  post-office 
address  is  Cabanatuan,  Nueva  Ecija,  has  made  application  to  this  bureau  to 
lease  the  following-described  tract  of  land,  viz : 

Starting  at  a  stake  about  twenty-five  meters  south  of  cart  road  from  Cabana- 
tuan to  Cabucbucan  at  the  point  known  as  *'  Mataas  na  Cahoy,"  about  ten 
miles  from  Cabanatuan  running  north  2.800  meters  to  stake;  thence  east  800 
meters  to  stake;  thence  north  400  meters  to  stake  near  stream  Mudoong; 
thence  east  800  meters  to  stake;  thence  south  2,000  meters  to  stake;  thence 
west  400  meters  to  stake;  thence  south  5,600  meters  to  stake;  thence  southwest 
1,610  meters  to  stake;  thence  northwest  1,501  meters  to  stake;  thence  north 
2,330  meters  to  stake;  thence  east  400  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  2,870  to 
point  started  from. 

The  point  farthest  south  is  about  one  and  one-half  miles  from  the  Rio  Grande 
at  a  point  known  as  Camandag.  The  surrounding  land  is  public  land  or  imblic 
forest.  From  starting  point  to  northeast  corner,  land  lies  near  creek,  Mudcong, 
or  near  w^oods  bordering  the  same.  No  barrio  or  houses  on  or  near  this  land. 
The  directions  above  given,  as  well  as  the  measurements  are  approximate  only, 
situate  in  the  barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Island  of 
Luzon,  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija,  Philippine  Islands,  containing  an  area  of  988 
hectares,  2  ares. 

This  description  is  copied  from  the  application,  and  I  am  advised  that  the 
land  is  prima  facie  subject  to  entry  under  the  law.  Therefore,  in  accordance 
with  section  26  of  the  public-land  act,  No.  926,  I  request  a  certificate  from  you 
as  to  whether  yon  deem  the  land  more  valuable  for  forest  than  for  agricul- 
tural uses. 

Very  respectfully,  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 

Application  No.  65. 


certificate  of  forestry  bureau. 

I  hereby  certify  that  I  have  had  an  investigation  made  as  to  the  character 
of  the  above-described  tract  of  land,  and  that  from  such  investigation  I  find, 
and  therefore  hereby  further  certify,  that  said  tract  of  land  is  more  valuable 
for  agricultural  than  for  forest  purposes. 

This  certification  is  made  under  the  provisions  of  section  18  of  the  act  of 
Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  and  of  the  above-cited  section  of  the  public-land  act. 
Dated,  Manila,  May  14,  1908. 

Amos  G.  Bellis, 
Acting  Director  of  Forestry, 


310  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Prior  to  the  submission  of  this  lease  application  to 
the  secretary  of  the  interior  he  had  in  conversation  with  me  stated 
that  his  nephew  had  made  an  application  to  lease  some  public  land, 
and  that  he  did  not  desire  to  act  on  that  lease  on  account  of  the 
relationship  existing,  and  suggested  that  T  submit  it  to  the  Governor 
Greneral  for  his  action.  I  looked  over  the  matter,  and  it  seemed  to 
me  it  was  compulsory  that  the  secretary  of  the  interior  under  the 
law  should  act  on  that  lease,  and  I  therefore  forwarded  the  matter 
to  the  private  secretary  of  Mr.  Worcester,  secretary  of  the  interior, 
inviting  his  attention  to  that  fact. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  that  letter? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Hand  that  letter  to  the  stenographer  to  be  in- 
serted in  the  record  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  letter  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following^ 
to  wit:) 

Department  of  the  Interioe,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Manila,  March  13,  1909. 
Dear  Mr.  Zinn  :  The  inclosed  is  a  report  on  the  lease  application  of  Mr.  Wor- 
cester's nephew,  and  Mr.  Worcester  desired  me  to  invite  his  attention  to  this 
report  so  thnt  he  mi,2;ht  have  the  Governor  General  approve  it,  hut  nnder  the 
provisions  of  section  26  of  Act  926,  it  appears  to  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior  to  act  on  same,  so  I  send  this  memorandum  to  you  for  your  con- 
sideration. 

C.  W.  Sleeper,  Director  of  LamU. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  then  forwarded  to  the  secretary  of  the  interior  at 
the  same  time  the  regular  form  of  presenting  such  applications  for 
leases  of  public  lands  to  him. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  the  form  you  have  already  handed  to  the 
stenographer? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  that  is  another  form. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  form  to  which  you  now 
refer,  which  you  will  hand  to  the  stenographer  to  go  into  the  record 
at  this  point  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

This  form  consists,  however,  of  the  valuation  of  the  land  and  the 
lease  rate,  which  was  the  minimum  rate. 

(The  document  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures  following, 
to  wit:) 

Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Manila,  March  12,  1909. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  Manila,  P.  /. 

Sir:  In  accordance  with  section  26,  act  No.  926,  I  have  the  honor  to  state 
that  I  have  examined  the  application  of  E.  L.  Worcester,  of  Cabanatuan,  Nneva 
Ecija,  to  lease  977  hectares,  38  ares,  and  3  centares  of  public  land  situated  in 
the  sitio  of  Mataas  na  Cahoy,  barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija. 
and  have  determined  therefrom  and  from  the  certificate  of  the  director  of 
forestry  as  to  the  character  of  the  land,  that  the  applicant  is  entitled  to  lease 
the  land  in  question,  which  appears  to  be  unoccupied,  unappropriated,  unre- 
served, nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land. 

The  land  applied  for  has  been  appraised  at  ^0.00  per  hectare,  in  accordance 
with  section  27  of  the  public-land  act,  and  should  therefore  be  leased  at  the 
rate  of  fifty  centavos  per  hectare  per  annum. 

Very  respecfuUy,  J.  H.  Sleeper, 

L.  A.  65.  Director  of  La/nds. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  311 

The  DiBECTOR  OF  Lands,  Manila. 

Sir:  You  findings  in  the  above-entitled  application  to  lease  public  lands  are 
hereby  approved,  and  you  are  directed  to  proceed  with  the  lease  as  provided 
in  Chapter  III  of  the  public-land  act. 

Very  respectfully,  Dean  O.  Worcester. 

Manila,  P.  I.,  March  15,  1909. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Worcester  approved  and  returned  the  documents 
through  the  honorable  Governor  General  in  these  words,  inviting  his 
attention  to  the  matter  and  saying: 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  lessee  in  this  instance  is  a  nephew  of  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior,  the  fact  of  the  issuance  of  this  lease  is  called  to  the  at- 
tention of  the  Governor  General  so  that  no  claim  may  ever  be  made  that  due 
publicity  did  not  attach  to  it. 

The  rental  charged  is  that  which  has  been  charged  \nvariably  for  public 
land  of  similar  character. 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

This  was  then  foi^'^arded  to  my  office  by  the  Governor  General^ 
with  the  following  indorsement : 

Respectfully  returned  to  the  director  of  lands ;  contents  noted. 

The  lease  was  accordingly  issued. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not ;  no,  sir.  I  thought  it  was  here  with  other 
public-land  leases,  but  I  find  that  there  were  nine  public-land  leases 
that  were  not  put  in  my  files  when  I  left  there.  I  can  cable  and 
have  those  forwarded  on  right  here. 

The  Chairman.  You  will  have  them  forwarded  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  tell  us  whether  or  not,  now,  that  lease 
contained  any  special  features? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  did  not.  It  was  made  out  on  the  regular  form  of 
lease,  a  copy  of  which  I  have  here,  and  was  just  exactly  the  same  as 
other  leases  to  individuals. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  put  in  the  record  that  form  of  lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not;  no,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  hand  that  to  the  stenographer  now,  to 
be  inserted  in  the  record  at  this  point? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  form  of  lease  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures  follow- 
ing, to  wit:) 

B.  L.  Form  No.  54. 

United  States  of  America. 

ESTADOS  UNIDOS  DE  AM]6rICA. 

Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 

gobierno  de  las  islas  filipinas. 

lease, 
contrato  de  arrendamiento. 

Lease  No 

Coiitrato  de  Arrendamiento  No. 

Bureau  of  Lands  No 

Oficina  de  Terrenos  No. 

This  lease  made  and  entered  into,  in  duplicate,  this day  of ,19    ,  by  and 

Este  contrato  otorgado  por  duplicado,  hoy  dia  de  entre 

between ,  Director  of  Lands,  acting  herein  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Govern- 

Director  de  Terrenos,  en  nombre  y  representaci6n  del  Gobiorno  de  las 


312  ADMIN ISTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

merit  of  the  Phillipine  Islands,  as  authorized  by  the  provisions  of  section  70  of  act 
Islas  Filipiiias  por  virtud  de  la  autorizaci6n  que  le  conceden  las  disposiciones  del  articulo  70  de  la  Ley 

numbered  926  of  the  PhiHppine  Comtaission,  as  amended  by  act  numbered  979, 
No.  926  de  la  Comisldn  de  Fillpinas,  reformada  por  la  Ley  No.  979,  y 

and  authorized  to  execute  this  lease  by  the  provisions  of  act  numbered  1525  of  the 

autorizado  por  las  disposiciones  de  la  Ley  No.  1525  de  la 

Philippine  Commission,  hereinafter  known  as  the  party  of  the  first  part,  and , 

misma  Comision  para  otorgar  este  contra  to,  en  el  cual  se  le  designard  en  lo  sucesivo  comoprimera  parte, 

hereinafter  known  as  the  part of  the  second  part — 

y  ^  quien  se  designara  como  segunda  parte. 

Witnesseth:   That  the  party  of  the  first  part,   for  and  in  consideration  of  the 
Hace  constar:  Que  la  primera  parte,  en  consideraci6n  d  los 

rents,   covenants,   and  agreements  hereinafter  contained,  to   be  paid,   kept,   and 

acquileres,  convenios  y  estipulaciones  aqui  consignados  y  que  ban  de  pagarse,  observarse  y 

performed  by  the  part    of  the  second  part,  has  demised,  leased,  and  let,  and  does 
cumplirse  por  la  segunda  parte,  dd  en  arrendamiento  6  6sta  los 

hereby  demise,  lease,  and  let,  unto  the  said  part    of  the  second  part  the  following 

siguientes 

lands,  with  the  appurtenances  thereunto  of  right  belonging,  lying  and  being  in  the 

terrenos,  con  sus  pertenencias,  sitos  en  el 

barrio  of ,  Municipality  of ,  Province  of ,  Philippine  Islands,  being 

barrio  de  Municipio  de  Provincia  de  Islas  Filipinas,  cuyos  terrenos 

a  portion  of  the  public  domain,  the  property  of  said  Government,  and  described  as 
soiu  de  dominlo  publico  y  propiedad  de  dicho  Gobierno  y  se  describen  como  sigue 

follows,  to  wit: and  containing  an  area  of hectares, ares, 

comprendiendo  una  extensi6n  superficial  de  hectdreas,  Areas, 

and centares,  according  to  the  official  plat  of  the  survey  thereof  on  file  in  the 

y  centidreas,  de  acuerdo  con  el  piano  oficial  de  la  medici6n  de  los  mismos,  archivado  en 

Bureau  of  Lands,  Manila; 
la  Oficlna  de  Terrenos  en  Manila; 

To  have  and  to  hold  the  said  described  premises  unto  the  said  part of 

Para  que  la  segunda  parte  posea  dichosj  terrenos 

the  second  part  for  the  full  term  of  years  from  and  including  the  

por  el  t^rmino  de  afios  d  contar  desde  el  dia 

day  of  ,  19 ,  at  a  yearly  rental  of  pesos,  PhiHppine  currency, 

de  inclusive,  por  el  alquiler  anual  de  pesos  en     moneda  de  Filipinas, 

{T' )  to  be  paid  annually,  on  the day  of in  each  and  every  year 

que  se  habrd  de  pagar  anualmente  el  dia  de  de  cada  afio,  mientras 

during  the  continuance  of  said  term,  at  the  Office  of  the  Bureau  of  Lands,  Manila, 
dure  el  plazo  de  este  contrato,  en  la  Oficina  de  Terrenos  del  estado  en  Manila,  6  al 

or  to  the  Provincial  Treasurer  of  the  Province  of 

Tesorero  Provincial  de  la  Provincia  de 

That  the  said  part of  the  second  part  hereby  covenant to  and  with 

Que  la  segunda  parte  conviene  por  el  presente  con  la 

the  said  party  of  the  first  part  to  pay  the  said  rent  to  the  said  party  of  the  first 
primera  parte  en  pagar  ^  data,  6  A  au 

part,  his  successor  or  duly  authorized  agent,  at  the  time  and  in  the  manner  herein 
sucesor  6  representante  debidameute  autorizado,  dicho  alquiler  en  la  6poca  y  de  la  manera  en  el  pre 

set  forth. 

sente  documento  consignadas. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  313 

It  is  specially  covenanted  that  the  said  part of  the  second  part  shall  not 

Queda  especial mente  convenido  que  la  seguiida  parte  no 

sublet  the  whole  or  any  part  of  the  premises  herein  described,  or  assign  this  lease, 
subarrendar^  en  todo  ni  en  parte  la  propiedad  aqul  descrita,  ni  traspasar^  este  contrato  ti  nadie, 

without  permission,  in  writing,  of  the  party  of  the  first  part,  and  of  the  Secretary 
sin  previo  permiso  por  escrito  de  la  primera  parte  y  del  Secretario 

of  the  Interior,  first  had  and  obtained;  and  it  is  expressly  understood  that  this  lease 
de  lo  Interior,  y  se  hace  constar  expresamente  que  este 

shall  terminate  and  expire  on  the day  of ,  19..,  and  that  no  presump- 

arrendamiento  expirard  el  dia  de  y  que  no  se  presumird 

tion  of  renewal  or  continuation  beyond  that  day  can  arise  otherwise  than  as  provided 
renovado  ni  prorrogado  mds  all4  de  dicho  dia  d  no  ser  con  arreglo  A  lo  dispuesto  en  el  articulo  28 

in  section  28  of  said  act  numbered  926,  as  amended  by  act  numbered  979.     The  part. . . 
de  la  referida  Ley  No.  926  segiin  est4  reformada  por  la  Ley  No.  979.    La 

of  the  second  part  hereby  waive. .  all  right  in  this  respect  conferred  by  the  provisions 
segunda  parte  renuncia  por  el  presente  &  todos  los  derechos  que  le  conlieren  las  disposiciones  del 

of  article  1566  of  the  civil  code.     The  part of  the  second  part  hereby  waives. . .  all 

articulo  1506  del  Codigo  Civil 

rights  to  notice  or  demand  for  the  payment  of  rent  provided  in  section  80  of  the 
y  las  del  articulo  80  del  C6digo  de  Procedimiento  Civil  por  lo  que  se  refiere  al  requerimiento  al  pago  de 

Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  as  well  as  all  other  periods  of  grace.     The  part of  the 

los  alquileres,  asi  como  d  todo  t^rmino  de  gracia.    Asimismo  renuncia  la  segunda  parte  A  cualquier 

second   part  hereby  further    waive any    right may    acquire   under    the 

derecho  que  pudiera  tener  con  arreglo  4  las  disposiciones  del  articulo  1575  del  C6digo  Civil,  A  la 

provisions  of  article  1575  of  the  Civil  Code  to  any  reduction  of  rent  on  account  of 
reducci6n  de  alquileres  por  motivo  de  pCrdidas  6  daiios  sufridos  por  casos  fortuitos  extraordinarios  € 

any  loss  or  damage  suffered  by  reason  of  extraordinary  unforeseen  fortuitous  events. 
imprevistos. 

The  part of  the  second  part  fully  understand and  agree that  the 

Las  segunda  parte  se  dd  por  enterada  y  conviene  en  que  quedan  arrendados  los 

premises  herein  described  are  leased  and  demised  subject  to  the  provisions  of 
terrenos  aqul  descritos  con  sujeci6n  4  las  disposiciones  de  los 

sections  19,  50,  and  51  of  the  Act  of  Congress  of  the  United  States  entitled  ''An  Act 

articulos  19,  50  y  41  de  la  Ley  del  Congreso  de  los  Estados  Unidos,  titulada  '•  I/ey  disponieudo 

temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  Civil  Government 

provisionalmente  la  administracion  de  los  asuntos  del  Gobierno  Civil 

in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes,"  approved  July  1,   1902,  and 
en  las  Islas  Filipinas,  y  para  otros  fines,"  aprobada  el  l.o  de  Julio  de  1902,  y 

of  sections  28,  30,  31,  73,  74,  75,  and  7'  of  the  Public  Land  Act  Numbered  926. 
de  los  articulos  28,  30,  31,  73,  74,  75  y  76  de  la  Ley  de  Terrenos  del  Estado,  No.  926. 

And  it  is  further  covenanted  and  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties  hereto  that, 
Y  queda  adem^s  pactado  y  convenido  entre  las  partes  otorgantes  de  este  contrato  que  en  el  easo  de 

on  default  in  the  payment  of  rent,  or  a  breach  of  any  of  the  covenants  herein,  by 
que  la  segunda  parte  dejare  de  pagar  los  alquileres  en  cualqueira  de  las  6pocas  fijadas,  6  infringiera 

the  said  part of  the  second  part,  the  said  party  of  the  first  part  may  elect  to 

cualquiera  de  las  cldiisulas  de  este  instrumento,  podrA  la  primera  parte  declarar  caducado  y  rcscin- 

declare  this  lease  forfeited  and  void,  and,  after  having  given days'  notice  in 

dido  este  contrato,  y,  despu^s  de  avisar  por  escrito  &  la  segunda  parte  con dlas  de  anticipa 

writing  to  the  said  part of  the  second  part,  may  enter  and  take  possession  of  the  said 

ci6n  tomar  posesidn  de  los  terrenos  ftn  cuesti6n,  de  los  que  la  segunda  parte  le  entregar^,  la  quietay- 

premises,  and  said  part of  the  second  part  hereby  covenant and  agree 

pacifica  posesi6n;  y  que  los  convenios,  disposiciones,  cliiusulas  y  condiciones  de  este  contrato  serdn 

to  give  up  the  possession  thereof;  and  that  the  covenants,  provisions,  clauses,  and 
obligatorios  para  el  sucesor  6  sucesores  de  la  primera  parte  y  para  los  herederos,  albaceas,  adminis- 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 24 


314  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

conditions  of  this  lease  shall  extend  to  and  be  oinding  upon  the  successor  or  suc- 
tradores  6  reprcsentantes  legales  dela  segunda  parte. 

cessors  of  the  party  of  the  first  part,  and  to  and  upon  the  heirs,  executors,  adminis- 
trators, or  legal  representatives  of  the  part of  the  second  part,  and  they  are 

legally  bound  thereby. 

In  witness  whereof  the  said  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  hands. 

En  testimonio  de  lo  cual  ban  firmado  dichas  partes  el  presente  instrnmento  de  su  puno  y  letra. 


Signed  and  delivered  in  the  presence  of: 

Firmado  y  otorgado  en  preseneia  de: 


Appiov€xl: 
Aprobado: 


Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
Secretarib  de  lo  Interior. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  for  that  regular  form  of  lease  yesterday, 
and  I  would  like  to  know  whether  these  papers  are  to  be  put  into  the 
record  at  the  time  I  ask  for  them. 

The  Chx\irman.  If  they  are  produced  in  time  they  will  be. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  for  that  yesterday. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  thought  it  was  the  form  of  lease  of  friar  lands  you 
asked  for. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  put  in  the  form  of  lease  of  friar  lands  in  your 
testimony  yesterday  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Did  you  say  the  lease  to  Mr.  Worcester  was  made 
in  the  precise  form  of  the  lease  which  you  have  just  handed  to  the 
stenographer  to  incorporate  in  the  record? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  With  no  special  or  added  feature  whatever? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  whatever. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  state  what  the  consideration  was,  the 
annual  rental  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  minimum  rental  authorized  by  law,  50  centavos 
per  hectare  per  year. 

The  Chairman.  What  kind  of  land  was  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  the  report  of  the  inspector  of  my  bureau  it 
was  very  ordinary  land,  poor  land. 

The  Chairman.  Will  that  appear  from  the  report  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  that  appears  from  his  report.  I  have  never 
been  on  the  land,  but  I  think  Mr.  Worcester,  the  secretary  of  the 
interior,  has  been. 

The  Chairman.  How  far  is  it  from  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know,  without  finding  out  from  the  plat. 

The  Chairman.  State,  if  you  know,  whether  Mr.  Worcester,  the 
secretary  of  the  interior,  has  any  interest  in  this  land  or  in  this  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  think  he  has  no  interest,  absolutely  none, 
from  what  I  know  of  it.  It  is  between  80  and  100  miles  from  Manila, 
I  find. 

The  Chairman.  How  reached?    By  rail  or  water  or  wagon  roads? 


ADMIlSriSTRATIOK    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  315 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  rail  within  10  miles,  I  believe,  and  then  overland 
by  horseback  or  walking,  or  by  rail  some  distance,  and  then  part  way 
by  water  up  some  large  river. 

^  The  Chairman.  Was  there  any  improvement  on  these  lands  at  the 
time  of  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Tlie  Chairman.  Do  you  know  whether  Mr.  Worcester  has  put  any 
on  since  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  believe  he  has.  I  have  seen  him  several  times,  and 
he  said  he  was  making  improvements  there  and  trying  to  grow  some 
crops. 

The  Chairman.  Is  Mr.  Worcester,  the  lessee,  a  resident  of  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  think  he  is.  I  think  he  is  a  resident 
of  the  Philippine  Islands.  I  do  not  remember  that  he  lived  in 
Manila. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  all  I  desire  to  ask,  I  think.  Have  any  of 
the  members  of  the  committee  any  further  questions? 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  public  land  is  there  in  that  Province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  a  large  quantity;  I  could  not  say  how  much. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  ascertain  the  figures  and  put  them  in  the 
record  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  public  land  there  is  and  what  occupied 
land  there  is,  is  what  I  want  to  know. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  can  not  give  the  occupied  land.  I  can  give 
the  estimated  area  of  public  land  in  that  Province,  which  is  very 
large. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  can  give  us  also  the  total  area  of  land,  can  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir, 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  long  did  this  lease  run  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Twenty-five  years. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Upon  what  authority  of  law  was  the  lease  for  that 
length  of  time  granted  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Section  28,  Mr.  Sleeper. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Under  the  provisions  of  chapter  3  of  the  public- 
land  act. 

The  Chairman.  When  you  say  "public-land  law,"  do  you  mean 
the  law  passed  by  the  Philippine  legislative  body? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  section  28  of  chapter  3  of  the  public-land 
act  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Madison.  Eead  that  provision. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  as  follows : 

Leases  hereunder  shaU  run  for  a  period  of  not  more  than  twenty-five  years, 
but  may  be  renewed  for  a  second  period  of  twenty-five  years,  at  a  nUe  to  be 
fixed  as  above  indicated,  which  rate  shall  not  be  less  than  fifty  centavos  per 
hectare  and  shall  not  exceed  one  peso  and  fifty  centavos,  Philippine  currency, 
per  hectare.  Land  leased  hereunder  shall  not  be  assigned  or  sublet  without 
the  consent  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  and  the  secretary  of  the 
interior. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  that  same  connection,  also  read  section  27. 
Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  as  follows: 

The  rate  per  hectare  per  annum  for  lands  leased  under  this  chapter  shall 
be  fixed  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the 


316  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

secretary  of  the  interior,  and  shall  in  no  case  be  less  than  fifty  centavos, 
Philippine  currency,  per  hectare  per  annum.  Said  rent  shall  be  pnid  yearly 
in  advance,  the  first  payment  being  deposited  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands  before  the  delivery  of  the  lease. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Now  read  section  22. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Section  22  reads  as  follows: 

Any  citizen  of  the  United  States  or  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  of  any 
insular  possession  of  the  United  States,  or  any  corporation  or  association  of 
persons  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  of  the  United 
States,  or  of  any  State,  Territory,  or  insular  possession  thereof,  authorized  by 
the  laws  of  its  creation  and  by  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  the 
acts  of  Congress  api)licable  thereto,  to  transact  business  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  may  lease  any  tract  of  unoccupied,  unreserved,  nonmineral  agricultural 
public  lands,  as  defined  by  sections  eighteen  and  twenty  of  the  act  of  Congress 
approved  July  1st,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  providing  a  temporary  govern- 
ment for  the  Philippine  Islands,  etc.,  not  exceeding  one  thousand  and  twenty- 
four  hectares,  by  proceeding  as  hereinafter  in  this  chapter  indicated,  pro- 
vided that  no  lease  shall  be  permitted  to  interfere  with  any  prior  claim  by 
settlement  and  occupation  until  tlie  consent  of  the  occupant  or  settler  is  first 
had  and  obtained,  or  until  such  claim  shall  be  legally  extinguished:  And  pro- 
vided further,  That  no  corporation  or  association  of  persons  shall  be  per- 
mitted to  lease  lands  liereunder  which  are  not  reasonably  necessary  to  enable 
it  to  carry  on  the  business  for  which  it  was  lawfully  created,  and  which  it  may 
lawfully  pursue  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  many  acres  did  you  say  were  included  in  the 
Worcester  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  977  hectares.  I  was  lookin;^  for  the  actual 
figures  in  acres,  which  are  2,443.46  acres. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  noticed  that  in  Dean  C.  Worcester's  report,  but  I 
could  not  make  it  quite  that.     You  say  it  is  977  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes;  that  is  right.  How  many  acres,  computed  in 
acres,  were  the  1,024  hectares  authorized? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Two  thousand  five  hundred  acres. 

Mr.  Douglas.     So  this  was  less  than  the  legal  requirement? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  this  was  within  the  legal  limit. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  failure  was  there  on  the  part  of  the  secretary 
of  the  interior,  that  you  are  aware  of,  to  give  publicity  to  this 
matter?  Was  there  any  attempt,  so  far  as  you  could  see  or  that  you 
know  of,  to  make  any  concealment  about  this  lease  to  E.  L.  Worcester  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  before  I  had  submitted  the  papers  to  him 
for  his  consideration. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  put  the  question  both  ways,  as  to  what  attempt 
was  made  to  conceal  it  and  what  attempt  was  made  to  give  publicity 
to  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  was  no  attempt  to  conceal  anything.  On  the 
other  hand,  Mr.  Worcester  advised  me  that  he  did  not  desire  to  act 
on  these  papers. 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  was  called  to  the  attention  of  the  governor 
general ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  there  any  publicity? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Kg  more  than  the  regular  form  of  lease. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  regular  form  of  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  lease  recorded? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  it  is  recorded  and  advertised. 


ADMTNISTKATION    OF   PHILTPPINE   LANDS.  317 

Mr.  Douglas.  Advertised? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  we  advertise  it  under  the  provisions  of  the 
law. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  that  advertising? 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  that  provision  of  law  for  making  adver- 
tisements? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  not  sure  about  that. 

The  Chairman.  In  what  manner  was  this  particular  lease  adver- 
tised? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  the  leases  are  not  advertised.  They  are  for- 
warded to  the  Forestry  Bureau,  the  chief  of  which  determines  the 
character  of  the  land,  whether  forestal  or  more  valuable  for  agri- 
culture, 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  before  they  are  granted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  before  they  are  granted;  before  we 
consider  the  application  to  lease. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  there  is  no  advertisement? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  not  of  leased  lands.  All  public  lands  sold  are 
advertised. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  it  known  there  that  Mr.  Worcester  had  leased 
these  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  Manila? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Publicly  known? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  date  of  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  April  20,  1908,  I  think  it  was.  I  have  not  the  lease 
here,  but  judging  from  these  documents  it  was  issued  sometin^e  be- 
tween April  20  and  the  last  of  April.  The  application  was  posted 
on  the  bulletin  board  in  my  bureau  also  for  this  lease. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  long  was  it  posted  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  May  15,  1908,  to  July  2. 

Mr.  Parsons.  July  2,  1908  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  bulletin  board  in  a  public  place? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  It  is  the  regular  bulletin  board  of  the  bureau;  3^es,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  it  required  by  law  that  it  should  be  posted  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  thought  it  was,  but  I  do  not  find  it  here. 

The  Chairman.  Had  you  advertised  this  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  publish  them  on  the  bulletin  boards. 

The  Chairman.  Were  there  any  other  applicants  for  that  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  is  Mr.  Worcester,  in  addition  to  being  a  nephew 
of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  business  is  he  engaged  in  out  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  long  has  he  been  in  the  Philippines? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  that. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  ever  meet  him  personally  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Worcester? 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  have  met  him  two  or  three  times. 


318  ADMmiSTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  where  he  lives? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  lives  up  on  this  land,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  resides  there  now  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  where  he  was  residing  before  he  took 
the  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not.     I  do  not  know  where  he  was  residing. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  meet  him  before  he  took  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  He  was  in  my  office,  I  believe,  before  he 
took  the  land. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  old  a  man  is  he  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Thirty-five,  I  should  think. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  how  he  came  to  go  to  the  Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know,  whether  or  not  he  resides  with  or  is 
connected  in  anywise,  except  by  relationship,  with  the  Secretary  of 
the  Interior? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  does  not  reside  with  him ;  I  knoAv  that. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  he  any  business  relations  with  him  that  you 
know  of? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  he  a  married  man? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Were  you  ever  at  his  home  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  is  a  man  you  personally  know  very  little  about? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  just  met  him  on  two  or  three  occasions. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  say  the  land  you  leased  to  him  was  poor  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  the  report  of  the  inspector  sent  up  there 
to  examine  and  inspect  it  would  show. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  was  the  inspector? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Clute, 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  inspectors  have  you  in  your  bureau  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Four  or  five  at  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  they  all  Americans? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  Americans  nnd  how  mauA^  Filipinos? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  one  American  inspector  now.  Mr.  Chile 
has  been  promoted.  I  have  three  Filipinos  who  do  that  work,  who 
are  regularly  employed — that  is,  two  of  them  are  regularly  employed, 
and  one  only  occasionally. 

Mr.  Madison.  Were  you  ever  on  this  land  yourse,lf  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  know  nothing  about  its  character,  except  as 
reported  by  this  inspector? 

Mr.  Si^eper.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  for  what  purpose  it  is  best  adapted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  know  nothing  about  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  is  usually  raised  in  that  province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  a  good  rice  province,  so  far  as  I  know.  That 
is  about  the  principal  crop  they  raise  there. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  say,  then,  that  this  is  probably  rice  land? 


ADMINISTEATlOlsr   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  319 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  not  all  probably  rice  land  from  the  in- 
spector's report.  It  shows  some  of  it  is  high  land,  and  other  as  1oa\ 
land  on  the  slopes  down  to  the  river. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  much  is  rice  land,  if  you  know,  from  the  in- 
spector's report,  and  how  much  is  nonrice  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Madison.  Does  not  the  report  show  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Shall  I  read  this  report? 

Mr.  Madison.  No. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  land  is  open,  with  a  few  scattered  trees  and  ant 
hills,  and  slopes  gradually  from  the  northern  to  the  southern  limit, 
being  crossed  by  numerous  arroyos  of  shallow  depth.  It  is  thinly 
covered  with  a  short  grass,  showing  that  the  soil  is  a  very  indifferent 
quality.  The  soil  of  the  northern  part  is  of  sandy  nature  with  gravel 
base  a  short  distance  below.  The  soil  near  the  southern  limit  is 
some  richer,  due,  no  doubt,  to  the  surface  soil  having  been  washed 
down  from  the  steper  slopes.  However,  even  the  best  soil  is  of 
very  poor  class  and  will  require  a  large  expenditure  of  labor  and 
money  to  build  it  to  a  producing  point. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  there  a  house  on  the  land  at  the  time  he 
leased  it? 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  application  says  not;  I  do  not  know  what  the 
facts  are. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Clute  said  that  at  that  time  there  was  no  habita- 
tion, excepting  the  barrio  composed  of  laborers  employed  by 
Mr.  Worcester  and  his  own  home,  within  five  miles  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  a  barrio? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  small  collection  of  houses,  two  or  three  sometimes, 
and  sometimes  a  dozen  or  twenty. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  or  not,  since  the  leasing  of  this  land, 
the  fact  of  the  making  of  the  lease  has  become  geneially  knoAvn  in 
Manila  and  thereabouts? 

Mr.  Sleeper.    Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  may  state  whether  or  not  there  has  been  any 
protest  on  the  part  of  the  native  people  or  others  with  regard  to 
making  this  lease. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Have  you  heard  of  any  claims  on  the  part  of  any 
one  that  there  was  anything  unfair  or  partial  about  the  making  of 
this  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  think  not. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  there  been  any  criticism  of  the  governor  general 
or  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  because  of  the  making  of  the  lease, 
because  of  the  fact  of  relationship  between  the  lessee  and  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  have  not  heard  that  any  such  thing  has 
occurred  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  may  have  heard  somebody  say  something  about  it 
or  ask  about  it,  but  I  do  not  think  it  is  anything  public,  except  per- 
haps in  relation  with  other  Martin  charges.  Newspaper  articles  per- 
haps have  mentioned  it  in  connection  with  the  friar-land  matter. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  is  apparent  that  the  man  E.  L.  Worcester  is  a 
nephew  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior.     Has  the  fact  that  such  a 


320  ADMIN ISTRATIOK    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

lease  was  made  been  the  subject  of  comment,  either  adverse  or  other- 
wise, either  before  or  after  the  making  of  Mr.  Martin's  speech  in 
Congress  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  there  has  been  something  in  the  press  about 
it  since  Mr.  Martin's  speech. 

Mr.  Madison.  Has  the  criticism  been  adverse  or  otherwise? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  do  not  know  about  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Have  there  come  to  you  any  protests  or  criticisms 
l>ecause  of  the  making  of  this  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  None  whatever ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  whatever. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Chairman,  that  is  all  I  care  to  ask. 

Mr,  Helm.  Are  there  any  enterprises  in  that  locality  or  vicinity 
where  this  land  is,  where  this  lease  has  been  made  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  except  this  one  farming  industry — is  that 
what  you  mean  ? 

Mr.  Helm.  Yes;  any  adjacent  there? 

Mr.  Slp]eper.  There  has  been  some  inquiry  in  regard  to  adjacent 
lands  by  other  applicants  who  want  to  go  up  there. 

Mr.  Helm.  What  particular  enterprise? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  was  a  man  by  the  name  of  Miller  who  applied 
to  me  informally  one  time  for  a  tract  of  land  up  somewhere  near  Mr. 
Worcester's,  and  I  think  there  have  been  one  or  two  Filipinos  who 
have  also  been  inquiring  about  land  in  that  vicinity. 

Mr.  Helm.  With  any  particular  purpose  in  view? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  wanted  to  get  a  tract  of  land,  that  is  all,  for 
farming  purposes. 

Mr.  Helm.  I  understood  you  to  say  there  are  no  farming  enter- 
prises in  progress  near  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  So  far  as  I  know,  there  is  nobody  who  has  leased  or 
applied  for  a  lease  there  yet,  but  they  evidently  see  Mr.  Worcester  is 
cultivating  some  land  there,  and  think  it  is  a  good  place  to  get  in. 

Mr.  Helm.  How  far  is  this  land  from  any  enterprise  that  is  in 
contemplation  by  investors  or  speculators? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  right  alongside  of  it.  I  think  Mr.  Miller 
asked  for  some  land  right  alongside  of  it. 

Mr.  Helm.  Who  is  Mr.  Miller? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is  an  employe  in  the  Bureau  of  Agricul- 
ture. T  think  he  told  me  he  had  practically  given  it  up.  He  could 
not  afford  to  go  out  there. 

Mr.  Helm.  Are  there  any  sugar  interests  in  this  locality? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  that  I  know  of;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Does  this  land  lie  upon  a  navigable  stream? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  think  it  is — that  is,  it  is  a  stream  that  is 
navigable  at  certain  periods  of  the  year,  so  I  understand,  when  the 
water  is  up. 

Mr.  Jones.  ^Vhat  is  the  name  of  this  stream  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  not  the  Kio  Grande  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  the  Rio  Grande. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  a  tributary  of  the  Pampanga  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  321 

Mr.  SiJEEPER.  I  thiink  the  Eio  Grande  de  la  Pampanga  is  the  name 
of  the  river. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  know  of  any  public  land — and  I  include  in  that 
term  the  friar  lands — that  have  been  leased  or  sold  to  any  other 
person  named  Worcester,  other  than  E.  L.  Worcester? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  There  has  been  some  statement  that  there  was  a  man 
named  George  S.  or  George  Q.  Worcester  who  had  obtained  some 
150  acres  of  public  land.  Do  you  know  anything  of  any  such  trans- 
action ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  Mr.  Worcester  talked  about  that — Mr. 
George  Worcester  talked  to  me  about  that — but  he  has  not  come 
through  with  it  yet. 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  he  made  formal  application  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  not  sure  whether  he  has  or  not.  I  think  he 
has,  though. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  think  he  has  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  has.  He  has  either  made  formal  applica- 
tion or  has  made  application  for  survey,  and  I  do  not  remember 
which. 

Mr.  Jones.  Who  is  this  Mr.  George  Worcester  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is  a  brother  of  the  Mr.  Dean  C.  Worcester. 

Mr.  Jones.  A  brother  of  the  secretary  of  the  interior  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  land  has  he  applied  for  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  not  sure  whether  he  has  applied  for  any  yet, 
but  if  he  has  it  is  somewhere  within  this  vicinity,  but  I  do  not  know 
just  where;  I  have  never  seen  the  surveys  and  never  seen  the  plats. 

Mr.  Jones.  In  the  same  Province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  In  the  same  neighborhood  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  I  have  the  list  of  applications  here  Avith 
me  in  Washington:  all  applications  for  leases  up  to  the  time  avc  left, 
and  that  would  show  whether  he  had  made  that  application  or  not. 

Mr.  Jones.  Your  opinion  is  he  has  either  made  application  for  the 
land  or  for  survey  of  the  land  preliminary  to  making  application  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Preliminary  to  making  application  for  the  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  he  a  resident  of  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  he  is. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  long  has  he  resided  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  have  no  further  questions. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  classify  the  public  lands  before  you  lease 
them  as  you  do  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  in  the  same  manner.  We  send  an  inspector  to  go 
over  the  lands  and  determine  their  approximate  value,  when  we  can 
determine  upon  the  rate  to  lease  it  or  to  sell  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  you  do  not  classify  it  in  different  grades  as  you 
do  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  in  the  same  manner ;  no,  sir.  It  is  a  more  gen- 
eral classification. 


322  ADMINrSTRATTON    OF   PlTtLTPPINE   LAND^. 

Mr.  Madison.  AVhnt  relation  is  Mr.  George  Worcester  to  E.  L. 
Worcester  ? 

Mr.  Sleepek.  I  suppose  he  is  an  uncle. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  might  be  his  father? 

Mr.  Steeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  the  reason  I  asked  the  question. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Dean  C.  Worcester.  I  would  like  to  get  it  straight  in  the 
record — that  he  is  his  father. 

Mr.  Douglas.  George  is  the  father  of  E.  L.  ? 

Mr.  Dean  C.  Worcester.  George  is  the  father  of  E.  L. ;  yes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  is  the  limit  of  the  amount  of  public  lands  that 
can  be  leased  to  an  individual? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Two  thousand  five  hundred  acres. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  to  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  same. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  there  anything,  Mr.  Sleeper,  in  the  neighborhood 
in  which  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester's  land  is  located,  or  the  lease  is  located, 
that  makes  it  attractive  as  a  home? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know ;  I  have  never  been  up  there.  I  would 
say  not,  from  my  general  know^ledge. 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  would  be  an  agricultural  enterprise  for  the  man 
who  went  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Entirely  so. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  near  is  the  railroad  to  that  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  My  recollection  is  about  10  miles. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  is  one  of  the  new  lines  projected  in  that  direction? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  To  what  point? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  Cabanatuan. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Has  that  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  never  been  there.  I  know  the  railroad  is 
running  to  Cabanatuan.  Whether  that  is  the  nearest  point,  I  am 
not  certain. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  provisions  for  forfeiture  inserted  in  leases  for 
the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  leases? 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes;  provision  for  forfeiture  upon  failure  of  the 
lessee  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  either  included  in  the  lease  or  the  law  pro- 
vides for  it,  one  or  the  other. 

Mr.  Madison.  If  they  are  generally  inserted  in  the  frair-land 
leases,  why  did  they  happen  to  be  omitted  in  this  one  of  Mr.  Car- 
penter's ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  law  provides  for  that,  for  the  annulment 
of  the  contract  in  the  event  of  the  nonfulfillment  of  the  conditions. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then,  of  course,  it  would  be  included  in  it,  whether 
it  was  written  there  or  not.     Could  you  tell  us  about  it  quickly  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  would  have  to  look  that  up. 

Mr.  Hel*m.  As  to  this  railroad  which  you  say  extends  within  10 
miles,  is  there  any  proposition  to  build  that  or  extend  it  on  to  this 
land? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  323 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  that.  I  think  not.  I  think  the  rail- 
road goes  in  the  other  direction, 

Mr.  Helm.  You  say  this  is  on  a  river? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.      There  is  a  river  there. 

Mr.  Helm.  Through  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  river  runs  by  one  end  of  it,  I  think. 

Mr.  Helm.  Is  there  anything  in  the  location  of  the  property  that 
makes  this  body  of  land  particularly  adapted  to  the  handling  of  lum- 
ber or  timber  by  reason  of  that  stream  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  not. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  there  any  proposition  pending  to  construct  a  high- 
way from  the  railroad  to  this  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Speaking  of  the  law  covering  the  forfeiture  or  pro- 
viding for  the  annulment  in  the  event  of  failure,  that  is  a  general  law, 
is  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  It  applies  to  all  alike  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  as  I  understand  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  do  the  railroads  get  the  land  for  stations  and 
yards  and  terminals? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  purchase. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Under  what  law  do  they  get  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  they  have  special  laws  providing  for  the  pur- 
chase or  condemnation  of  right  of  way. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  limit  is  there  to  the  amount  of  land  they  can 
hold? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  remember  the  law  on  that  subject. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  they  make  any  application  to  your  office? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  friar  lands  they  do;  for  other  lands  they  do  not. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  they  made  application  to  your  office  for  friar 
lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  they  have  purchased  some. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Manila  Railroad  Co.  are  occupying  423.8  acres 
on  several  of  the  estates,  across  several  of  the  estates,  as  right  of 
way  and  switch  rights  of  way  and  station  grounds,  and  I  think  one 
gravel  pit. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  the  total? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  total  they  are  occupying.  They  have  not 
purchased  it  all,  because  we  did  not  know  at  the  time  I  left  the  price 
which  was  the  value  provided  by  law  which  they  were  to  pay.  They 
have  made  settlement  for  some  of  the  lands  on  some  of  the  estates, 
and  have  received  sale  certificates  for  some,  the  same  as  other  parties. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  have  they  applied  for? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  423.8  acres;  that  is  what  they  have  asked  for. 

Mr.  Davis.  Do  they  purchase  this  land  outright? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Davis.  There  is  no  system  of  leasing  to  tEem  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  They  purchase  under  the  same  conditions  as 
other  purchasers,  except  that  they  indemnify  the  former  occupants 
of  the  land,  if  any,  for  damages. 


324  ADMINISTRATION    OE   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Davis.  Do  they  purchase  it  on  deferred  payments  or  all  down  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  they  have  paid  in  cash  so  far  for  everything 
they  have  purchased. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  did  you  prepare  your  report  for  1909? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  July  and  August. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  is  dated  August  10,  1909? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Had  it  been  prepared  prior  to  that  time? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  the  date  you  transmitted  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  date  I  signed  it  and  forwarded  it  to  the 
Secretary. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  the  date  you  transmitted  it  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  date  I  signed  it  and  forwarded  it  to  the 
Secretary. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  your  report  for  1910  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  May  I  see  it,  please  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  have  not  got  it  in  printed  form,  have  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  your  report  for  1910  prepared  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  report  was  prepared  immediately  following  the 
receipt  of  the  reports  from  the  provinces ;  usually  in  July  and  August. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  like  to  get  straight  in  my  mind  why  you 
survey  some  of  the  Friar  lands  or  Friar  estates  ahead  of  others  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  beginning,  my  office  had  very  few  surveyors. 
In  1905,  when  I  took  possession,  there  were  perhaps  six  or  seven 
altogether.  There  were  two  estates  that  had  never  been  surveyed 
by  the  engineering  bureau  of  the  Government  there,  and  we  did  not 
know  their  areas,  and  it  was  considered  advisable  that  before  the 
Government  got  the  deeds  to  these  estates  and  paid  for  them,  the 
boundaries  should  be  surveyed,  and  the  first  survey  was  therefore 
made  of  the  San  Jose  estate  in  Mindoro.  The  men  were  available, 
and  they  were  sent  right  down  there.  That  survey  was  merely  a 
boundary  survey  to  show  what  area  of  land  was  contained.  But  as 
the  surveyors  were  going  down  there  it  was  considered  also  advis- 
able at  that  time  to  make  some  kind  of  topographical  survey  to  see 
what  was  on  the  estate.  That  was  really  the  first  estate  that  was  con- 
sidered. Immediately  thereafter  they  began  surveys  of  some  of  the 
other  estates. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  survey  was  completed  on  August  27,  1905. 
was  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  other  estate  that  you  referred  to? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  that  was  not  completed.  The  field  work  was 
completed. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  the  survey  itself  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  1906;  May  31. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  other  estate  to  which  you  referred? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  next  estate  taken  up,  I  think,  was  the  Dampol 
estate.     I  think  the  Dampol  estate  was  the  second  estate  taken  up. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  was  that  taken  up? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  325 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  had  some  surveyors  available,  and  that  was  one 
of  the  estates  we  considered  entirely  occupied,  and  we  thought  it 
best  to  begin  with  that  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  understood  you  to  say  there  were  two  estates  as  to 
the  boundaries  of  which  you  were  not  certain? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  other  one  of  those? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Isabela  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  field  work  on  that  was  completed  June  13,  1907? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  the  computations,  and  so  on,  were  completed 
July  9? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  the  valuations  February  16,  1909? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  was  great  difficulty  in  obtaining  competent 
surveyors  at  that  time,  and  we  sent  the  surveyors  to  the  estates  that 
we  thought  were  occupied  and  would  be  leased,  rather  than  to  the 
estates  that  were  vacant,  and  to  some  of  the  estates  it  was  dangerous 
to  send  surveyors  at  that  time.  In  fact,  they  got  into  trouble  later  on 
the  Cavite  estates. 

As  fast  as  we  increased  the  number  of  surveyors  we  sent  them  out 
to  the  different  estates  to  begin  work. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Taking  up  these  estates  in  your  report  for  1909, 
which  is  House  Document  No.  914,  under  the  item  of  final  plans  and 
computations  completed,  I  see  at  that  time  they  had  been  completed 
as  to  the  Banilad  and  Binagbag  estates,  but  only  49  per  cent  as  to 
the  Binan.  Why  had  not  more  been  completed  in  regard  to  the 
Binan  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Lack  of  employees. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  the  work  on  that  started — or  has  that 
since  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.    That  has  been  completed  and  sold. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Nothing  has  been  completed  on  the  Calamba  estate. 
Why  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  estate  was  so  sparsely  occupied  at  that  time 
that  w^e  considered  it  one  of  the  estates  we  could  best  leave  for  com- 
putation until  later. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Has  that  yet  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Dampol  estate  and  Guiguinto  estate  have  been  com- 
pleted, but  nothing  has  been  done  on  the  Imus  estate.    Why  was  tliat  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  largest  estate  we  had — the  niost  difficult 
one — and  the  surveying  party  was  longer  in  the  field. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  On  account  of  its  area  and  the  difficulties  they  had 
down  there.  They  were  also  delayed  down  there  on  account  of  con- 
ditions. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  in  Cavite? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  in  Cavite  Province.  The  computation  force 
was  not  able  to  go  ahead  with  the  work  and  the  legislature  did  not 
see  fit  to  give  me  office  forcje  enough  to  go  ahead  and  push  the  com- 
putation work  through  after  the  field  work  had  been  completed. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  field  work  w^as  completed  in  1908  and  the  com- 
putation has  not  yet  been  completed? 


326  ADMTNISTKATIOiir    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  the  estate  was  offered  for  sale  last 
month. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Isabela  has  been  completed.  The  Lolomboy 
estate  has  only  been  49  per  cent  completed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  is  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  had  very  great  difficulty  in  the  Lolomboy  estate 
in  identifying  the  various  holdings  of  the  various  individuals.  It  is 
badly  cut  up,  and  the  surveyors  were  delayed  greatly  in  getting  their 
lines  on  the  different  holdings  of  different  people  and  getting  them 
straightened  out  and  identifying  the  properties  belonging  to  each. 
That  delayed  us  somewhat  on  that  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Eighty-seven  per  cent  of  that  is  completed,  as  I 
understand  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  computations  have  been  completed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  and  it  has  been  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Matamo  estate,  the  Malinta  estate,  and  the 
Muntinlupa  estate  have  all  been  completed.  On  the  Naic  estate  only 
19  per  cent  has  been  completed.    Why  was  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  in  the  office  under  computation,  and  we 
did  not  have  employees  enough  to  push  the  work  any  faster. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  field  work  was  completed  on  November  1,  1907? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  the  computations  now  been  completed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  and  the  estate  has  been  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Orion  estate  has  been  completed.  On  the  Pie- 
dad  nothing  has  been  done. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  At  that  time,  no ;  but  since  that  time  it  has  all  been 
completed  as  to  the  work. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  has  all  been  completed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  San  Jose  de  Mindoro  estate  has  been  completed; 
also  the  San  Marcus.  The  Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon  estate  shows  noth- 
ing had  been  done.    Why  was  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  are  reading  the  percentage  of  computations 
completed,  are  you  not? 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  am  reading  from  your  report  for  the  year  ending 
June  30,  1909,  with  plans  and  descriptions  completed. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Also  from  this  statement  on  page  93  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  lack  of  employees. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  the  computations  been  completed  on  that  yet? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  At  that  time? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Now? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  they  are  all  complete. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Santa  Maria  de  Pandi,  only  5  per  cent  has  been 
completed.    Why  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  another  estate  that  joined  the  Lolomboy 
estate,  and  was  occupied  by  so  many  occupants  who  did  not  really 
know  where  their  lands  were,  and  many  of  them  lived  away  from 
the  estate  or  in  Manila  and  delayed  the  surveys,  and  therefore  the 
final  computations  were  delayed,  coming  in  later  than  some  of  the 
other  estates. 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  327 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  the  computations  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  And  the  estate  was  offered  for  sale  last 
month. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Santa  Eosa  has  been  completed?  The  Tala 
estate,  only  48  per  cent  has  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  is  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  delayed  that  on  account  of  the  fact  that  it  was 
so  sparsely  occupied  until  Mr.  Carpenter  came  in  and  took  up  the 
unoccupied  land,  and  then  we  went  to  work  and  completed  it.  It 
has  been  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  All  the  work  has  been  completed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Talisay-Minglanilla  estate,  only  7  per  cent  has 
been  completed.     Why  was  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  a  very  difficult  estate,  a  very  large  estate, 
divided  up  into  very  small  holdings.  That  was  delayed  as  one 
of  the  last  until  we  had  men  available  to  put  on  the  computations. 
In  fact,  it  is  just  about  completed  now,  the  computations,  and  the 
sales  data  are  being  obtained.  The  classification  committee  is  on 
the  estate  now,  and  it  will  be  probably  a  month  and  a  half  before 
they  are  through. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  ask,  Mr.  Chairman,  for  the  convenience  of 
the  committee,  that  Capt.  Sleeper  prepare  a  table  brought  up  to 
date  similar  to  that  in  this  report  at  page  97  of  the  report  of  the 
secretary  of  the  interior. 

The  Chairman.  You  can  do  that,  can  you,  Capt.  Sleeper,  and  hand 
it  to  the.  stenographer  or  the  clerk  of  the  committee  hereafter? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  can  get  that  information.  All  the  estates 
have  been  completed  as  to  field  work,  and  the  computations  have 
been  completed,  and  only  on  one  estate  remains  the  valuation  and 
the  beginning  of  sales. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  will  prepare  such  a  statement? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  will  prepare  the  data. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Referring  further  to  that  report  of  yours  for  the 
the  year  ending  June  30,  1909,  look  at  page  6  of  that  document.  I 
see  the  total  receipts  on  the  Isabela  estate  for  the  preceding  fiscal 
year  were  1P311.24.    Is  that  correct? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Isabela? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.    How  much  do  you  say  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Thre  hundred  and  eleven  pesos,  twenty-four  cen- 
tavos;  is  that  correct? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  annual  contracted  receipts,  excluding  interest 
and  deferred  payments,  ^583.8. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  on  the  San  Jose  estate  the  total  receipts  were 
^2,720  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  there  were  no  annual  contracted  receipts? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  receipts  on  all  23  of  the  estates  for  that  year 
were  1P534,122.55  ? 


328  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  the  total  current  expenses  for  that  year  on  all 
23  estates,  wliich  included  annual  interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per 
cent,  admiuistration,  irrigation,  maintenance  and  repairs,  were 
f=671, 784.77? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  for  the  year  prior  to  that,  ^659,341.53? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  page  8  of  your  report  you  say  as  to  the  San  Jose 
estate  that  it  was  formerly  leased  for  the  grazing  of  cattle,  but  the 
cattle  have  been  removed  and  no  further  receipts  are  expected.  Why 
have  the  cattle  been  removed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  friars  did  not  care  to  pay  us  any  more  rent. 
They  thought  they  had  some  land  that  they  could  move  onto,  land 
down  south  of  the  estate,  and  not  pay  any  rent. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  the  cattle  belong  to  the  friars? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  page  9  of  your  report,  you  say : 

The  San  Jose  estate  is  imoccnpied  and  the  Isabela  estate  has  only  a  very 
smaU  number  of  tenants,  so  that  it  is  probable  that  these  estates  will  carry  a 
deficit  until  they  are  entirely  disposed  of. 

Is  that  correct? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  are  the  "  friar  land  loans?  " 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Those  are  loans  to  occupants  of  friar  lands  for  the 
purpose  of  assisting  them  to  cultivate  their  lands. 

Mr.  Parsons.  From  what  fund  are  they  made  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  special  fund  provided  by  the  legislature,  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  of  1^100,000. 

Mr.  Parsons.  By  appropriation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  ^100,000  appropriated  and  set  aside  for  that 
purpose. 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  page  14  of  that  report  you  state  as  follows : 

It  is  estimated  that  with  the  exception  of  the  two  estates  unoccupied,  as  men- 
tioned above,  practically  all  of  the  available  land  on  the  other  estates  will  be 
disposed  of  either  by  sale  or  permanent  leases  during  the  coming  year.  It  is 
anticipated  that  the  following  estates  will  also  be  placed  on  sale  during  the 
year :  Tala,  San  Francisco  de  Malabon,  Lolomboy,  Naic,  Binan  and  Fiedad. 

Were  those  placed  on  sale  during  the  following  year  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  except  the  Lolomboy  and  the  Binan  estates  were 
placed  on  sale  during  the  next  fiscal  year.  Those  followed  in  the  two 
months  following,  July  and  August. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  the  report  says: 

If  the  plans  and  descriptions  of  the  other  estates  are  ready  they  will  also 
be  offered  for  sale,  although  it  is  doubtful  if  it  will  be  possible  to  complete  same 
during  the  year,  owing  to  the  dearth  of  technical  men  for  computations  and  the 
completion  of  the  plans  and  descriptions. 

Were  any  of  those  other  estates  offered  for  sale  during  the  next  fiscal 
year  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  any  of  them  been  offered  in  the  months  since 
the  last  fiscal  year? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  of  them  have,  except  one. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  that  is  which  one? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  329 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Talisay  Minglanilla  estate  in  Cebu.  I  would 
like  to  say  the  part  of  the  Banilad  estate  in  Cebu  has  not  been  offered 
for  sale,  but  is  ready  for  sale  on  account  of  the  fact  the  military 
authorities  are  considering  the  acquisition  of  a  portion  of  it  for  a 
military  post. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  your  report  goes  on  to  say,  on  page  14 — 

In  connection  with  the  sale  of  friar  estates  it  may  be  stated  that  the  satis- 
factory results  obtained  are  due  in  a  large  measure  to  the  amendment  of  the 
friar  land  act  in  which  the  period  was  increased  from  10  to  25  years,  in  which 
the  payments  of  installments  on  the  purchase  price  may  be  made. 

When  was  that  change  made?     In  what  act  was  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  that  was  the  in  the  act  of  [the  witness  paused 
to  examine  some  papers]. 

Mr.  Parsons.  If  you  can  supply  that  later,  you  may  do  so,  giving 
the  date  to  the  stenographer. 

(Mr.  Sleeper  later  gave  the  date  to  the  stenographer  as  "June  3, 
1908.") 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  page  18  of  the  report  there  is  a  paragraph  en- 
titled "classification  of  the  estates  preparatory  to  sale,"  reading  as 
follows : 

The  following  statement  shows  the  classification  of  the  estates  and  the  ratio 
of  values  of  the  different  classes  of  land.  This  classification  has  been  conducted 
by  committees  of  from  three  to  five,  one  member  of  which  has  always  been 
an  agent  of  this  bureau  So  far  the  committees  have  done  their  work  success- 
fully and  apparently  equitably,  as  very  little  opposition  has  been  made  or  very 
few  complaints  received  regarding  the  classifications.  In  making  these  classi- 
fications the  committee  has  no  knowledge  of  nor  means  of  ascertaining  the 
actual  value  in  cash  of  the  various  parcels  which  they  classify,  and  no  consid- 
eration is  given  to  who  occupies  the  various  parcels  of  an  estate. 

The  essential  points  considered  are,  first,  whether  the  lands  classified  are  urban, 
rural,  or  agricultural ;  second,  whether,  if  agricultural,  they  are  irrigated  or  unirri- 
gated,  and  whether  they  are  of  the  first,  second,  third,  or  a  still  lower  claps  of 
one  of  the  three  general  subdivisions;  third,  soil  values  and  the  location,  taking 
into  consideration  accessibility  with  regard  to  roads,  centers  of  population,  and  so 
forth;  fourth,  other  minor  facts  which  might  increase  or  decrease  the  value  of  a 
parcel. 

Are  those  still  the  essential  points  considered  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Those  are  still  considered  in  classifying  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  ask,  Mr.  Chairman,  that  there  be  incor- 

E orated  in  the  record  Appendix  A  of  this  document  914,  the  appendix 
eing  entitled  "Conditions  on  Estates." 

The  Chairman.  If  there  is  no  objection,  that  may  be  inserted  in 
the  record  at  this  point. 

(The  paper  referred  to  is  as  follows:) 

appendix  a. 

Conditions  of  Estates. 

banilad  estate. 

Final  plans  and  computations  completed  January  1,  1909.  Estate  classified 
and  ready  for  sale.  Sale  postponed  on  account  of  the  project  of  the  military 
authorities  to  utilize  part  of  the  estate  for  a  military  post.  That  portion  of  the 
estate  not  Included  within  the  proposed  military  post  was  offered  for  sale  in 

82278°--H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3 25 


330  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

June  and  a  large  portion  of  the  estate  sold,  but  the  records  of  the  sales  not 
included  in  the  report  for  this  year.  Final  plans  of  the  estate  have  been  re- 
ferred to  attorney  for  presentation  to  the  court  of  land  registration.  It  is 
believed  that  practically  all  of  the  Banilad  estate  will  be  disposed  of  by  sale  or 
permanent  leasing  during  the  coming  year.  The  following  statement  shows  the 
sale  value  at  date  of  sale : 

Purchased  October  26,  1904;  area,  1,025  hectares;  purchase  price. _._  f»^211,  999.  52 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase : 

Preliminary  surveys 1^).%.  02 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 114.  58 

1,  050.  60 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 213,050.12 

Interest  on  purchase  price,  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  26,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 ^ 38,572.16 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate  from  Octo- 
ber 26,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 : 

Salaries  and  w\'ijj;os f=15^  4G6.  52 

Supplies   2, 147.  08 

Transportation 04^^  08 

Miscellaneous  6T5!  02 

Total  cost  of  surveys 18,634.70 

Cost  of  administration  from   October  26,   1904,   to  December  31 
1908: 

Salaries   and   wa,ges ^4^  343  gS 

Supplies '  162.  21 

Transportation 172.  30 

Printing 205^13 

Miscellaneous 1^  qsI.  98 

Total  cost  of  admiuislration 6,565.30 

Attorneys'  fees  October  26,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 I  '  401.  04 

Salaries  and  traveling  ex})eDses  incident  to  sale 1,200.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration '  948.  38 

Sale  value  of  estate  December  31,  1908 279,371.70 

BINAGBAG   ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  during  the  previous  fiscal  year.  Very  little 
accomplished  during  the  year.  About  30  per  cent  of  the  estate  is  vacant, 
although  attempts  have  been  made  to  induce  occupants  to  purchase  or  re- 
lease. The  sale  value  of  this  estate  is  high,  and  owing  to  its  distance  from  the 
railway  line  it  is  unsalable.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  the  former  tenants 
will  reoccn|)y  the  estate  during  the  present  year.  The  following  statement 
shows  the  sale  value  of  the  estate  at  date  of  sale: 

Purchased  October  24,  1904;  area  294.75  hectares;  purchase  price__    f*^35,  872.  76 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase: 

Preliminary    surveys l*=.503.  77 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 22.  73 

526. 50 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 36,399.26 

Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  24,  1904,  to  March  31,  1908 '_         5,333.80 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys.  ])lans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October  24, 
1904,  to  March  31,  1908: 

Salaries   and   wages P6,  962.  99 

Supplies 739.  44 

Transportation 370.  98 

Miscellaneous 85.  34 

Total  cost  of  surveys 8,158.75 


ADMIKISTEATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  331 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  23,  1904,  to  March  31,  1908: 

Salaries  and  wages ^492.01 

Supplies 23.  84 

Transportation 61.  43 

Printing 28.  28 

Miscellaneous 392.  67 

Total  cost  of  administration ^998.  23 

Attorneys'  fees  October  24,  1904,  to  March  31,  1908 80.39 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 100.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration 100.  00 

Sale  value  of  estate  March  31,  1908 51,170.43 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  March  31,  1908,  on  a  basis  of  20  annual 
installments  or  for  lease  on  a  basis  of  5  per  cent  of  the  sale  value  per  annum 
for  three  years.  Progress  toward  disposal  is  shown  in  the  statement  which 
shows  the  result  of  the  attempt  to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent 
lease  during  the  year. 

BINAN    ESTATE. 

All  outstanding  leases  expired  during  the  year,  and  new  leases  are  being 
written  with  corrected  areas.  Leasing  has  not  been  completed,  although  it  is 
expected  to  have  all  occupied  parcels  on  the  estate  leased  within  two  months. 
Negotiations  are  about  completed  for  the  sale  of  the  hacienda  building  to  the 
municipality  of  Biiian  for  school  purposes  and  a  large  bodega  for  market 
purposes.  The  irrigation  system  has  been  giving  fair  results  and  with  no 
expenditures  except  for  maintenance.  It  is  hoped  to  offer  this  estate  for  sale 
before  the  close  of  the  coming  year.  It  is  probable  that  hereafter  the  rents 
will  exceed  expenses. 

CALAMBA   ESTATE. 

A  large  percentage  of  the  area  on  this  estate  remains  unoccupied  and  unpro- 
ductive. Efforts  have  been  made  to  locate  tenants  on  the  sugar  lands,  with  some 
success.  New  roads  are  necessary,  and  to  some  extent  the  munici])al  authori- 
ties have  delayed  progress  in  the  leasing  of  this  estate.  All  the  old  leases  have 
expired  and  new  ones  are  being  received.  The  Manila  Railway  Company's 
line  has  been  built  across  the  estate  during  the  year.  The  irrigation  sys- 
tem has  undergone  extensive  repairs,  and  old  works  abandoned  many  years 
ago  have  been  reconstructed.  This  will  increase  the  area  of  rice  cultivation  to 
a  considerable  extent  and  insure  the  leasing  and  eventual  sale  of  such  land.  It 
is  not  probable  that  this  estate  will  be  offered  for  sale  during  the  coming  fiscal 
year.  An  annual  deficit  may  be  expected  for  some  years  of  from  ^20,000  to 
1^30,000. 

DAMPOL  ESTATE. 

This  estate,  which  was  offered  for  sale  during  the  previous  fiscal  year,  has 
been  finally  entirely  disposed  of  either  by  sale  or  lease.  The  following  state- 
ment shows  the  results  and  the  value  of  the  estate  at  date  of  sale: 

Purchased  October  24,  1904;  area  928  hectares  93  ares;  purchase 

price    f^lSO,  647.  56 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase : 

Preliminary   surveys ^1,  279.  32 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 90.  92 

1,  370.  24 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 152,017.80 

Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  24,  1904,  to  March  31,  1908 22,  080.80 

Cost    of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October 
24,  1904,  to  March  31,  1908: 

Salaries  and  wages f=5,  087.  67 

Supplies 687.  39 

Transportation 236.  01 

Miscellaneous 49.  70 

Total  cost  of  surveys 6,060.77 


332                          ADMTIsriSTRATTON    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  24,  1904,  to  March 
31    1*^)0S ' 

Salaries  and   wages f^l,803. 63 

Supplies 87.70 

Transportation 1 00.  70 

Printing 102.30 

Miscellaneous 280.  35 


Total  cost  of  adnihiistration P2,  380.  80 

Attorneys'  fees,  October  24,  ]1h)I.  to  ^lareli  31,  lO:)^ 321.58 

Salaries  and  travcliiiir  expenses  incident  to  ^^ale 500.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  cosis  in  court  of  land  registra.tion 1,000.00 


Sale  value  of  estate  March  31,  3908 184,301.75 

The  proL^ress  toward  disposal  of  this  estate  is  sliown  in  tlie  statement  which 
shov/s  the  result  of  the  attempt  to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent 
lease  during  the  year. 

GUIGUINTO   ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  in  parcels  at  the  begimiing  of  the  fiscal 
year  on  a  basis  of  20  annual  installments  or  for  leasc^  on  a  basis  of  5  per  cent 
of  tlie  sale  value  per  annum  for  three  years.  The  following  statement  shows 
the  vali:e  of  the  estate  at  date  of  sale: 

Purcliased  October  20,   1904 ;   area  945  hectares  08  ares  40  cen- 

tares;  i)iirclMa>e  price 1^155,  507.88 

Expeuj-es  inc'.d.'nt  to  purchase: 

Preliminary  surveys f^3.  7R0.  80 

Attonu^ys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 91.  ()3 


3,  872.  48 


Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 159,440.30 

Interest  on  lourchase  price  at  4  per  cent   conii)ounded  quarterlv 

from  October  20,  1904,  to  June  30,  190S 25, 138.  96 

Cost  of  narcel  surveys,  phwis,  an.d  descri])tious  of  estate,  Octolier 
20,  1904,  to  June  30,  1908: 

Salaries  and  wages ^8,  014.  22 

Sup])lies 1,  337.  34 

Transj^ortation 249  .*'9 

Miscellaneous 100.  07 


Total  cost  of  si!r\eys^ 10,307.02 

Cost  of  administraticni  from  October  20,  1904,  to  June  30,  190S: 

Salaries  and  wages !*2,  ."00.  42 

Supplies -  1''3. 10 

Trans])ortation_^ _. 172.  80 

Printing 123.30 

iMis('(4!aneous 079.  23 

Total  cost  of  administration 3,409.03 

Attorneys'  fees  October  20,  1904,  to  March  31,  1907 320.83 

Salari(!S  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 000.00 

Attorneys"  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration 1,000.00 


Sale  value  of  estate  June  30,  1908 200,270.20 

Of  the  5  undisposed  parcels,  1  parcel  containing  3  hectares  91  ares  20  centares 
is  claimed  as  private  property,  and  is  pending  decision  in  the  court  of  land 
registration.  The  other  4  parcels  are  small  rural  lots  which  will  probably  be 
disposed  of.  The  progress  toward  disposal  of  this  estate  is  shown  in  tlie  state- 
ment whicli  shows  the  results  of  attemi)t  to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or 
permanent  lease  during  the  year. 

IMITS    ESTATE. 

The  leases  on  this  estate  expired  and  new  leases  were  executed  during  the 
year.  The  area  leased  has  been  increased  about  12  per  cent  and  a  slight 
increase  has  been  made  in  the  occupied  area,  and  it  is  believed  that  this  ratio 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  333 

of  increase  will  be  continued  as  the  land  on  this  estate  is  particularly  adaptable 
to  cultivation,  the  mioccnpied  portions  being  sngar  land  on  the  southern  end 
of  the  estate,  which  is  difficult  of  access  at  present,  but  with  the  new  roads 
which  are  now  under  consideration,  it  is  anticipated  that  the  occupied  and  culti- 
vated area  will  rapidly  increase.  It  is  also  probable  that  the  administrative 
expense  on  this  estate  will  be  somewhat  reduced,  and  a  further  reduction  in  the 
deficit  in  the  coming  year  is  also  probable ;  but  it  will  be  some  years  before  the 
deficit  is  entirely  eliminated.  This  estate  is  one  of  the  largest  and  best  that 
was  purchased  by  the  Government,  and  the  unit  value  of  the  land  is  high,  but 
as  there  is  a  large  number  of  small  holdings,  it  will  be  salable.  It  will  probably 
be  impossible  to  offer  the  estate  for  sale  before  the  fiscal  year  1911,  as  the  plans, 
descriptions,  etc.,  will  not  have  been  prepared. 

The  irrigation  system  on  this  estate  is  an  extensive  one  and  furnishes  irriga- 
tion for  two  crops  on  part  of  the  estate. 

The  Manila  and  Dagupan  Railroad  line  has  been  built  across  the  northern  por- 
tion of  the  estate. 

Attempts  are  being  made  to  induce  sugar  planters  to  occupy  portions  of  the 
southern  end  of  this  estate,  and  there  is  probability  of  success. 

ISABELA  ESTATE. 

This  estate  has  been  prepared  for  sale,  and  the  occupied  area,  winch  is  very 
small,  will  probably  be  sold  during  the  coming  year. 

For  some  years  this  estate  must  carry  an  annual  deficit,  as  there  is  very  little 
demand  for  land  located  as  is  this  estate.  This  estate  has  been  offered  to 
several  tobacco  planters  with  a  view  of  getting  them  interested,  but  owing  to 
the  lack  of  labor  in  the  Cagayan  Valley  it  seems  to  be  a  very  difficnlt  propo- 
sition. However,  it  is  confidently  expected  that  large  tracts  of  this  estate  will 
be  sold  at  no  distant  time. 

The  following  statement  shows  the  value  of  the  estate  at  the  date  of  sale : 

Purchased  October  24, 1904  ;  area,  19,891  hectares;  purchase  price_  F319,  710.  02 
Expenses  incident  to  purchase: 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 106.  71 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 311).  S^-2.  73 

Interest  on  purchase  price,  compounded  quarterly  fr(mi   October 

24,  1904,  to  December  31,  190S 73,340.71 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October 
24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 : 

Salaries  and  wages f*=13,  orfO.  07 

Supplies 3,  209.  42 

Transportation 1,  490.  92 

Miscellaneous 191.  01 

Total  cost  of  surveys 18,610.42 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31, 
1908: 

Salaries  and  wages 0,  n.'H.riO 

Supplies ^ 21>'.  86 

Transportation S'i  L  20 

Printing 2::o.  48 

Miscellaneous 974.  00 

Total  cost  of  administration 8,849.16 

Attorneys'  fees,  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,  IDOS 5:>1).  .54 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 757.03 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration 1,485.81 

Sale  value  of  estate  December  31,  1908 423,  515.  40 

No  sales  have  been  made  on  this  estate. 

LOLOMBOY   ESTATE. 

It  was  expected  to  offer  this  estate  for  sale  during  the  fiscal  year,  but  owing 
to  the  delay  in  the  preparation  of  plans  and  descriptions,  old  leases  have  been 
allowed  to  continue,  as  it  is  the  intention  to  begin  the  classification  of  this 


334  ADMTlSriSTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

estate,  preparatory  to  sale,  in  the  early  part  of  the  coming  year,  and  it  Is 
believed  that  a  large  part  of  this  estate  will  be  sold. 
The  irrigation  system,  although  small,  is  giving  satisfactory  results. 

MATAMO   ESTATE. 

This  estate  w^s  offered  for  sale  in  the  fiscal  year  1908,  but  the  occupant  de- 
clined to  purchase,  and  leased  for  a  period  of  three  years  on  a  basis  of  5  per 
cent  per  annum  of  the  sale  value.  It  is  expected,  however,  that  the  lessee  will 
purchase. 

MALINTA   ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  during  the  month  of  May  and  a  large  pare 
sold,  although  it  was  impossible  to  record  more  than  1,000  sales  certificates 
and  34  permanent  leases  during  the  year.  It  is  believed  that  more  than  95 
per  cent  of  this  estate  will  be  sold,  although  a  portion  of  it  is  poor  land  and 
the  price  high. 

The  following  statement  shows  the  value  of  the  estate  at  the  date  of  sale. 
The  final  plans  and  descriptions  of  this  estate  are  in  the  hands  of  the  attorney 
for  presentation  to  the  court  of  land  registration. 

Statement  of  the  sale  value  December  SI,  1908. 

Purchased  October  24,  1904;  area  3,574  hectares;  purchase  price__    W40,  421.  32 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase  : 

Preliminary    surveys ^1, 154. 19 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 242.  49 

1,  396.  68 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 441,  818.00 

Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 101,297.25 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  from  October  24, 
1904,  to  March  31,  1909 : 

Salaries  and  wages ^27,  904.  61 

Supplies 4,  221.  92 

Transportation 706.  69 

Miscellaneous 1,065.33 

Total  cost  of  surveys 33,898.55 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  24,  1904,  to  March  31,  1909 : 

Salaries  and  wages f^lO,  133.  39 

Supplies  508.  31 

Transportation 619.46 

Printing  488.  48 

Miscellaneous 2,  071.  81 

Tofal  cost  of  administration 13,821.45 

Attorneys  fees,  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 857.  51 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 1,  500.  00 

Attorneys  fees  and  costs  court  of  land  registration 1,  263. 33 

Sale  value  of  estate  March  31,  1908 594,  456.  00 

The  progress  toward  disposal  of  this  estate  is  shown  in  the  statement  which 
shows  the  results  of  the  attempt  to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent 
lease  during  the  year. 

MUNTINLUPA    ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  in  April,  and  more  than  one-half  has  already 
been  sold.  It  is  probable  that  about  70  per  cent  of  this  estate  will  be  sold,  the 
balance  being  unoccupied  land  and  of  poor  quality.  The  Manila  Railway  Com- 
pany's line  has  been  completed  across  the  estate  during  the  past  year,  which  will 
increase  the  value  of  this  property,  and  it  is  understood  that  a  Government  road 
is  soon  to  be  built  across  the  estate,  when  it  is  hoped  that  the  balance  of  the 
estate  may  be  disposed  of.     Two  hundred  and  fifty  hectares  of  this  estate  have 


ADMINISTEATIOK    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  335 

been  reserved  for  the  use  of  tJae  bureau  of  agriculture  as  a  stock  farm,  and  it  is 
now  so  occupied.  The  following  statement  shows  the  sale  value' of  the  estate  at 
the  date  of  sale: 

Purchased  October  24,  1904 ;  area  2,827  hectares ;  purchase  price__  FST,  677.  00 
Expenses  incident  to  purchase : 

Preliminary   survej^s ^1,910.  56 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 53.  05 

1,  963.  61 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 89,  640.  67 

Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 15,  548.  29 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October 
24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 : 

Salaries  and  wages ^14,  406.  42 

Supplies 1,  850.  99 

Transportation 196.  49 

Miscellaneous 241.  60 

Total  cost  of  surveys 16,  695.  50 

Cost  of  administration  from   October   24,   1904,   to   Deceml)er  31, 
1908 : 

Salaries  and  wages ^1,909.60 

Supplies 155.  47 

Transportation 162.  72 

Printing 92.21 

Miscellaneous 393.  34 

Total  cost  of  administration 2,713.34 

Attorneys'  fees,  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,  1908 187.58 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 477.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  court  of  land  registration 461.  79 

Sale  value  of  estate  December  31,  1908 125,  724. 17 

Cost  of  maintenance  irrigation  October  24,  1904,  to  December  31,    • 

1908 349.  30 

Total 126,  073.  47 

The  progress  toward  disposal  of  this  estate  is  shown  in  the  statement  which 
shows  the  results  of  attempt  to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent  lease 
during  the  year. 

NAIC  ESTATE. 

All  leases  have  been  renewed  on  this  estate  during  the  year  with  a  resultant 
increase  in  the  area  leased  of  about  200  hectares.  As  all  the  occupied  parcels 
on  this  estate  are  now  leased,  it  will  be  possible  to  close  tlie  office  on  this  estate 
for  at  least  a  portion  of  the  coming  year,  until  such  time  as  the  estate  is  ready 
for  sale.  A  large  number  of  caingins  have  been  made  on  this  estate  and  it  has 
been  necessary  to  keep  a  ranger  at  work  in  order  to  prevent  damage  being  done 
to  the  estate.  It  is  believed  that  this  estate  may  be  offered  for  sale  and  perhaps 
over  half  of  it  sold  to  the  present  occupants. 


The  leases  on  this  estate  expired  during  the  fiscal  year  and  new  leases  were 
executed,  and  it  is  probable  that  a  large  portion  of  the  unoccupied  area  will  be 
leased  upon  terms  and  conditions  which  will  eventually  prove  advantageous  to 
the  Government.  It  is  possible,  but  not  probable,  that  this  estate  will  be  offered 
for  sale  during  the  coming  fiscal  year. 

SAN    FRANCISCO    DE    MALABON. 

The  leases  expiring  on  this  estate  were  not  renewed,  but  were  extended  for 
a  period  of  six  laonths,  during  which  time  it  is  expected  that  the  estate  will 
be  classified  and  ready  for  sale,  the  classification  committee  being  at  work 


336  ADMINISTRATIO]^   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

upon  tlie  estate.  Some  increase  in  the  area  leased  will  be  noticed,  and  it  is 
expected  to  offer  the  estate  for  sale  within  a  few  months,  when  it  is  believed 
that  at  least  one-half  of  the  estate  will  be  sold.  The  Manila  Railway  Company 
have  completed  their  line  to  the  northern  boundary  of  this  estate,  which,  when 
completed  through  the  estate,  will  be  of  considerable  benefit.  The  irrigation 
system  is  in  a  satisfactory  condition  and  appears  to  be  supplying  the  needs  of 
the  tenants. 

ORION    ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  durhig  tlie  fiscal  year  190S,  which  sale  has 
been  continued  until  there  are  now  30  undisposed  parcels,  witli  an  area  of  76 
hectares  14  arerts  and  65  centares,  and  total  sale  value  of  f*8,547.16.  Four  of 
these  parcels  are  occupied  by  the  Roman  Catholic  Church,  and  three  are 
claimed  as  private  property.  Twenty-three  parcels  are  unsalable,  owing,  pri- 
marily, to  the  lack  of  animals  with  which  to  cultivate,  and,  secondly,  to  the 
lack  of  irri,2:ation,  which  may  be  furnished  in  the  near  future,  as  the  subject 
is  under  consideration.  The  following  statement  shows  the  sale  value  of  the 
estate  at  date  of  sale: 

Purchased  October  20,  1905 ;  area  916  hectares,  purchase  price 9^S,  050.  33 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase: 

Preliminary  surveys I ^868.  09 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 129. 19 

■  997.  28 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 99,047.61 

Interest  on   purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  20,  1905,  to  March  31,  1908 10,031.82 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October 
20,  1905,  to  March  31,  1908: 

Salaries  and  wages ^7, 133,  58 

Supplies 710.  20 

Transportation 1.36.  07 

Miscellaneous 159.  56 

Total  cost  of  surveys 8,139.41 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  20,  1905,  to  March  31,  1908: 
Salaries  and  wages ^3, 142.  34 

Supplies 104.90 

Transportation 143.  42 

Printing 66.00 

Miscellaneous 462.  95 

Total  cost  of  adniinlstration 8,919.61 

Attorneys'  fees  October  20,  1905,  to  March  31,  1908 111.  44 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 300.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration. 500.  00 

Sale  value  of  estate  March  31,  1908 122,049.89 

The  progress  toward  disposal  of  this  estate  is  shown  in  the  statement  which 
shows  the  results  of  attempt  to  disi)ose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent  lease 
during  the  year. 

SAN    JOSE    DE    MINDORO. 

This  estate  is  not  under  cultivation,  and  up  to  the  latter  part  of  the  year  was 
occupied  for  the  pasturage  of  cattle,  the  owners  of  which  have  now  vacated 
the  estate,  so  that  no  revenue  is  being  collected.  A  number  of  inquiries  have 
been  made  during  the  year  by  persons  desiring  to  invest  in  large  tracts  of  land 
in  the  islands.  All  possible  information  lias  been  furnished,  but  no  negotiations 
have  been  concluded  looking  to  the  purchase  of  this  estate.  As  the  estate  now 
stands,  there  is  a  deficit  of  ^23,902.50,  which  must  be  carried  by  the  Govern- 
ment, and  it  is  believed  that  until  corporations  are  authorized  to  buy  large 
tracts  of  land  for  agricultural  purposes  it  will  be  almost  impossible  to  dispose 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  337 

of  this  estate.     The  following  statement  shows  the  value  of  the  estate  to 
January  4,  1909  : 

Purchased  October  4,  1904 ;  area,  23,266  hectares ;  purchase  price.    ^597,  564. 14 
Expenses  incident  to  purchase: 

Attorney's  fees  to  date  of  purchase 299.  57 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 597,  803.  71 

Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent,  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  4,  1904,  to  January  4,  1909 101,  653.  83 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  from  October  4, 
1904,  to  January  4,  1909 : 

Salaries  and  wages ?=9, 056. 74 

Supplies 1,  284.  00 

Transportation 548.97 

Miscellaneous 29.  06 

Total  cost  of  surveys 10,918.77 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  4,  1904,  to  January  4,  1009 : 

Salaries  and  wages ^4,506.61 

Supplies 219.63 

Transportation 106. 16 

Printing 871.26 

Miscellaneous 450.  01 

Total  cost  of  administration 5,713.67 

Attorneys'  fees  October  4,  1904,  to  January  4,  1909 1,178.  56 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 1,500.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration 601.46 

Sale  value  of  estate  January  4,  1909 719,  430.  00 

SAN    MARCOS. 

This  estate  was  sold  during  the  fiscal  year  1908,  and  the  installments  due 
to  date  have  been  promptly  paid,  with  interest,  and  it  is  believed  that  the 
purchasers  will  experience  no  difiiculty  in  making  subsequent  payments. 

SANTA   CRUZ  DE   MALABON. 

All  outstanding  leases  were  canceled  during  the  year  and  new  leases  executed, 
with  the  result  of  an  increase  of  12  per  cent  in  the  area  leased,  and  still  further 
leases  are  expected.  The  irrigation  system  on  this  estate  is  giving  satisfactory 
results,  although  some  repairs  will  be  necessary  in  the  near  future.  It  is  not 
expected  to  offer  the  estate  for  sale  during  the  coming  fiscal  year  owing  to  the 
lack  of  detailed  information,  descriptions,  and  plans. 

SANTA    MARIA    DE    PANDI. 

All  the  old  leases  on  this  estate  were  canceled  during  the  year  and  new  leases 
are  now  being  executed  based  upon  actual  areas,  and  reclassification  has  been 
made  on  the  parcels  on  this  estate  in  order  that  the  proper  rents  may  be  paid, 
the  rent  schedules  revised  to  conform  more  nearly  to  rents  of  similar  classes 
of  land  on  other  estates.  The  new  leases  have  not  been  completed,  and  it  is 
expected  that  the  leased  area  will  be  increased  to  equal  80  per  cent  of  the  total 
area  of  the  estate.  There  are  approximately  5,000  parcels  of  land  on  this  estate. 
The  roads  are  in  bad  condition  and  many  of  the  parcels  are  difficult  of  access 
except  in  the  dry  season.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  this  estate  will  be  on  a 
self-sustaining  basis  before  the  close  of  the  coming  year. 

SANTA  ROSA  ESTATE. 

This  estate  was  offered  for  sale  during  the  month  of  March,  and  practically 
the  entire  occupied  area  has  been  sold  or  leased. 

During  the  sale  of  this  estate  an  unfortunate  occurrence  took  place,  by  which 
three  of  the  agriculturists  who  were  occupants  of  the  estate  were  murdered  by 
a  band  of  malcontents,  led  by  a  fanatic.    This  occurrence  retarded  the  sale  of 


338  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHTLTPPTNE   LANDS. 

the  estate,  as  it  frightened  other  occupants,  including  the  laborers,  from  oc 
cupying  the  land.  It  is  hoped,  however,  that  this  will  only  be  temporary, 
although  some  of  the  former  occupants  have  relinquished  their  lands. 

This  estate  has  considerable  sugar  land,  and  efforts  are  being  made  to  extend 
the  sugar  cultivation,  with  some  success.  The  sugar  crop  during  the  past  year 
was  poor,  owing  to  typhoons  followed  by  drought.  The  coming  crop,  however, 
appears  to  be  in  splendid  condition,  and  it  is  hoped  that  a  good  crop  will  result. 

The  bureau  of  agriculture,  which  formerly  was  doing  plowing  for  the  agri- 
culturists, has  withdrawn  its  plow,  owing  to  the  lack  of  cooperation  on  the  part 
of  the  planters. 

The  irrigation  system  on  this  estate  needs  extensive  repairs  and  reconstruc- 
tion, which  will  be  undertaken  during  the  coming  fiscal  year. 

The  following  statement  shows  the  sale  value  of  the  estate  at  date  of  sale : 

Purchased,  October  19, 1905 ;  area,  5,470  hectares ;  purchase  price_    ^10,  234.  72 

Expenses  incident  to  purchase: 

Preliminary  surveys ^3,  251.  71 

Attorneys'  fees  to  date  of  purchase 1,  216.  05 

— 4,  467.  76 

Cost  of  estate  to  date  of  purchase 914,702.48 

Estimated  purchase  value  of  irrigation  works  and  land  pertaining 
thereto 12,  000.  00 

902,  702.  48 
Interest  on  purchase  price  at  4  per  cent  compounded  quarterly 

from  October  19,  1905,  to  December  31,  1908 122,622.76 

Cost  of  parcel  surveys,  plans,  and  descriptions  of  estate,  October 
19,  1905,  to  December  31,  1908: 

Salaries   and  wages ^33,355.78 

Supplies 4,  826.  28 

Transportation 1,  294.  42 

Miscellaneous 434^  14 

Total  cost  of  surveys 36,  910.  62 

Cost  of  administration  from  October  19,  1905,  to  December  31, 
1908 : 

Salaries   and  wages !^16,  810.  42 

Supplies 1,  595.  99 

Transportation 891.  74 

Printing 819.  58 

Miscellaneous 1,  695.  03 

Total  cost  of  administration 21,812.76 

Cost  of  maintenance  of  irrigation  from  October  19,  1905,  to  Decem- 
ber 31,  1908 : 

Salaries  and  wages ^2,  729.  40 

Supplies 532.24 

Transportation 110.  31 

Miscellaneous 300. 14 

Total  cost  maintenance  of  irrigation 3,678.09 

Attorneys'  fees,  October  19,  1905,  to  December  31,  1908 1,052.70 

Salaries  and  traveling  expenses  incident  to  sale 2,000.00 

Attorneys'  fees  and  costs  in  court  of  land  registration 2,004.88 

Sale  value  of  estate  December  31,  1908 1,  095,  784. 29 

Improvements:  Purchase  price  of  irrigation  system, 
dams,  canals,  etc ^12,000.00 

Interest  at  4  per  cent  per  annum,  compounded 
quarterly  from  October  19,  1905,  to  December 
31,  1908 1,  630.  06 

Value  of  irrigation  system  December  31,  1908 13,  630.  06 

The  land  pertaining  to  this  estate  was  offered  for  sale  December  31,  1908,  on 
a  basis  of  20  annual  installments,  or  for  lease  on  a  basis  of  5  per  cent  of  the 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  339 

sale  value  per  annum  for  three  years.  The  progress  toward  the  disposal  of 
this  estate  is  shown  in  the  statement  which  shows  the  results  of  the  attempt 
to  dispose  of  the  estates  by  sale  or  permanent  lease  during  the  year. 


New  leases  were  executed  on  this  estate  during  the  year,  based  on  corrected 
areas,  until  at  the  close  of  the  year  there  was  77  per  cent  of  the  estate  leased 
as  against  10  per  cent  at  the  close  of  the  last  fiscal  year.  The  balance  of  the 
estate,  for  which  a  preliminary  contract  was  made  during  the  previous  year, 
will  soon  be  leased  and  occupied,  so  that  practically  all  of  the  estate  will  be 
accounted  for,  and  it  is  expected  to  place  the  estate  on  sale  within  a  very  few 
months.  The  work  of  classifying  will  be  begun  at  the  beginning  of  the  coming 
year. 

TALISAY-MINGLANILLA. 

The  local  conditions  on  this  estate  have  been  most  unsatisfactory  during  the 
past  year,  as  a  large  percentage  of  the  occupants  have  persistently  ignored  all 
efforts  of  the  Government  to  secure  signatures  to  leases,  but  during  the  year 
the  title  to  this  property  has  been  registered  in  the  court  of  land  registration, 
thereby  disposing  of  the  claims  of  the  occupants,  and  a  writ  of  possession 
directed  to  the  sheriff  of  Cebu  has  been  secured  and  is  being  used  for  dispos- 
session of  occupants  who  decline  to  lease.  There  are  some  two  thousand  of 
these  and  the  work  is  necessarily  slow,  but  is  proceeding  satisfactorily  and  up 
to  the  close  of  the  year  only  four  ejected  tenants  have  made  reentry  upon  the 
premises  formerly  occupied,  and  action  will  be  immediately  taken  against  such 
tenants.  Only  a  few  of  the  ejected  tenants  have  made  application  for  leases  for 
the  purpose  of  again  occupying  their  lands,  and  it  is  believed  that  a  large  num- 
ber of  parcels  of  this  estate  will  be  unoccupied  unless  the  former  tenants  return. 
A  part  of  the  estate  is  excellent  land  and  undoubtedly  can  be  disposed  of,  but 
there  is  a  large  portion  of  mountainous  land  of  slight  value  which  for  years 
will  probably  remain  vacant. 

An  increase  in  the  area  leased  of  10  per  cent  is  shown  on  the  report,  but 
this  is  far  from  satisfactory,  as  it  is  believed  that  about  70  per  cent  of  the 
area  of  the  estate  is  occupied.  It  is  hoped,  however,  that  with  the  aid  of  the 
local  authorities  leases  may  be  obtained  for  between  40  and  50  per  cent  of  this 
estate  during  the  coming  year. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  connection  with  the  Imiis  estate,  you  say : 

Attempts  are  being  made  to  induce  sugar  planters  to  occupy  portions  of  the 
southern  end  of  this  estate,  and  there  is  probability  of  success. 

Whom  did  you  attempt  to  induce  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Some  of  the  residents  of  Imus. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  outside  of  Imus? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  had  shown  one  man  over  that  estate,  I  think, 
outside  of  Imus. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  was  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Thayer. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Had  he  taken  up  any  land  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  Gen.  Aguinaldo's  land  sugar  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  A  portion  of  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  Gen.  Aguinaldo  make  his  lease  directly  himself 
or  through  some  agent? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  made  it  himself. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  regard  to  the  San  Jose  estate,  on  page  80  of  your 
report,  which  is  found  in  House  Document  No.  914,  you  state: 

A  number  of  inquiries  have  been  made  during  the  year  by  persons  desiring 
to  invest  in  large  tracts  of  land  in  the  islands.  All  possible  information  has 
been  furnished,  but  no  negotiations  have  been  concluded  looking  to  the  purchase 
of  this  estate. 


340  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Who  made  those  inquiries  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  was  a  London  man  who  has  a  large  cattle 
business  in  Australia. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  his  name  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  his  name  was  Perry,  who  came  there,  and 
we  talked  over  the  situation,  and  he  concluded  the  price  was  too 
high,  and  he  could  not  do  anything  with  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  else  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  during  this  year  that  J.  Montgomery 
Strong  looked  over  the  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  say  further,  with  reference  to  the  San  Jose 
estate,  as  follows: 

It  is  believed  that  until  corporations  are  autliorized  to  buy  large  tracts  of 
land  for  agricultural  purposes,  it  will  be  almost  impossible  to  dispose  of  this 
estate. 

Why  did  you  say  that  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  page  is  that? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Page  80  of  House  Document  No.  914. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  seemed  to  be  a  bigger  undertaking  than  an  indi- 
vidual could  handle.  We  had  no  inquiries  from  individuals.  It  was 
always  corporations  that  they  wanted  to  organize.  We  had  several 
inquiries  from  different  people  who  thought  they  would  lili:e  to  get 
up  a  prospectus  and  endeavor  to  dispose  of  the  estate  if  they  could 
organize  a  corporation. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Mr.  Perry  did  not  say  anything  about  a  corporation, 
did  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  he  did. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  Strong  speak  of  a  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not  see  Mr.  Strong  personally  at  all. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  had  talked  about  organizing  corporations? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Two  or  three  of  the  real  estate  dealers  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  recall  who  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  but  I  have  talked  with  at  least  a  dozen  different 
people  about  this  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  give  their  names  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  Mr.  Pitt,  of  Chandler  &  Pitt,  was  one  of 
them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  was  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Pitt. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  is  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  a  real  estate  dealer  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  give  any  other  names  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No ;  I  can  not  recall,  but  I  did  call  this  estate  to  the 
attention  of  a  good  many  different  people  with  a  view  of  getting  a 
possible  purchaser  sometime,  i£.I  could. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  also  would  ask  to  have  made  a 
part  of  the  record  the  letter  from  Gen.  Edwards  to  Gov.  Gen.  Smith, 
dated  May  16,  1908,  which  is  printed  on  pages  61  and  62  of  House 
Document  No.  957,  and  also  a  copy  of  Capt.  Sleeper's  report  in  an- 
swer to  that,  dated  September  14,  1908,  which  is  printed  on  pages 
61-68  of  the  same  document. 

The  Chairman.  Why  not  put  in  the  whole  document  as  an  exhibit? 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  think  it  is  much  more  convenient  for  the  com- 
mittee to  have  just  these  portions. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  341 

The  Chairman.  Very  well;  indicate  to  the  stenographer  what 
portions  they  are,  and  unless  there  is  objection  they  will  be  inserted 
in  the  record  at  this  point. 

[Inclosure  No.  51.] 

War  Department, 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs, 

Washington,  May  16,  1908. 

My  Dear  Gen.  Smith  :  I  have  been  looking  into  the  subject  of  friar  lands, 
and  I  can  gain  scant  comfort  from  it.  I  recollect  that  when  Worcester  was 
here  he  expressed  confidence  in  the  way  Capt.  Sleeper  was  taking  hold,  and 
everybody  knows  what  a  good  reputation  he  has  for  executive  ability,  but 
after  looking  over  these  figures  and  trying  to  analyze  them,  I  concluded  that 
I  am  from  Missouri,  and  I  can't  see  where  he,  or  anybody  else,  can  gain  any 
comfort  out  of  such  analysis,  or  for  the  future. 

Take,  for  instance,  the  subject  of  expenses  for  survey.  I  notice  that  the 
average  expense  is  W.30,  and  on  some  as  high  as  ^7.31,  and  that  does  not  take 
in  the  expense  of  office  computations  and  draftings,  which  is  appreciably  more — 
in  fact,  as  far  as  I  can  find  out,  about  doubles  the  expense. 

From  inquiry  here,  I  understand  that  the  expense  of  surveying  public  lands 
is  only  a  few  cents  per  acre.  I  don't  assume  that  any  fair  standard  of  com- 
parison could  be  made  there,  but  at  the  same  time  these  estates  are  accessible, 
and  it  seems  to  me  unnecessarily  high.  In  fact,  I  notice  that  some  of  the 
public-land  surveys  run  from  F9  to  $100  per  hectare. 

I  notice  that  only  60  per  cent  of  the  friar  lands  have  been  surveyed,  and  I 
assume,  therefore,  it  is  going  to  take  a  couple  more  years,  but  this  is  only  an 
incident  of  the  big  deficit. 

In  1907  the  deficit  was  ^^430,456.15,  and  add  to  that  for  extraordinary  non- 
recurrent expenses  ^220,351.14,  and  take  from  the  total  the  receipts  for  the 
fiscal  year  1907,  ^226,627.63,  or  a  deficit  of  f=4 24,1 79.66. 

I  notice  there  are  only  22.6  per  cent  of  all  these  lands  leased,  which  I  pre- 
sume is  the  percentage  of  attornment,  and  which  I  understand  warrants  this 
policy  of  laissez  faire. 

What  on  earth  is  going  to  be  the  result  at  the  time  of  the  maturing  of  the 
bonds?  That  is  what  worries  me,  looking  upon  the  friar-land  proposition  as 
a  separate  one.  I  really  would  like  to  hear,  bofore  I  bring  this  matter  to  the 
Secretary,  what  hope  you  people  entertain  for  the  working  out  of  this  problem. 
I  recollect  that  Sleeper  told  me  that  everything  was  going  on  all  right,  but  I 
would  like  to  know  his  present  views. 

Has  the  question  of  putting  the  separate  estates  in  the  hands  of  the  local 
native  governors  ever  been  contemplated?  It  goes  without  saying  that  I  assume 
you  and  the  commissioners  have  worried  over  this  much  more  than  have  we 
here,  and  these  queries  are  merely  little  memoranda  on  this  subject  to  gain  the 
latest  information,  as  I  fancy,  from  what  I  hear,  that  the  subject  in  the  next 
few  months  will  be  considered  a  good  deal  here. 

Sincerely,  yours,  C.  R.  Edwards. 

Gen.  James  F.  Smitei, 

Governor  General  of  the  Philippine  Isla^ids,  Manila,  P,  I, 


[Inclosure  No.  52.] 
[Third  indorscmont.] 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

BuRKAU  OF  Lands. 
Manila,  P.  /.,  Sentemhcr  IJ,,  1908. 
Respectfully  forwarded  to  the  honorable  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  submit- 
ting the  following  statements  in  relation  to  friar  lands  in  reply  to  the  questions 
of  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs. 

Before  going  into  the  question  of  the  cost  of  surveys,  the  other  questions 
asked  will  be  answered. 

The  question  of  ''  What  on  earth  is  going  to  be  the  result  at  the  time  of  the 
maturing  of  the  bonds  "  appears  to  have  been  answered  by  the  action  of  the 


342  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Ptiilippine  Commission  in  enacting  act  1749,  an  act  mal?;ing  appropriation  for 
the  friar  lands  bond  sinking  fund  and  for  the  payment  of  the  interest  on  the 
bonds. 

While  this  disposes  of  the  question  of  the  payment  of  the  bonds,  it  does  not 
answer  the  question  asked  by  Gen.  Edwards  of  "  what  hope  is  entertained 
of  the  working  out  of  the  friar  lands  problem?  "  As  stated  in  the  letter  of 
Gen.  li;dwards,  the  deficit  for  1907  was  f=430,456.15,  to  which,  however,  must 
be  added  the  nonrecurrent  expenses  of  ^220,351.14,  making  a  total  expenditure 
for  the  year  in  excess  of  receipts  of  ^^50,807.29,  and  not,  as  Gen.  Edw^ards 
states,  f*^424,179.66.  Now,  for  the  fiscal  year  1908  the  following  figures  may  be 
used:  Deficit  of  current  expenses  over  receipts,  ^388,197.99;  plus  the  extraordi- 
nary nonrecurrent  expenses,  1^260,037.14 ;  or  a  total  of  1^648,235.13,  in  excess  of 
income. 

Now,  for  the  future,  inasmuch  as  the  field  work  of  friar-land  surveys  has 
been  completed,  the  probable  extraordinary  nonrecurrent  expenses  should  not 
exceed  ?^80,000  for  any  year,  and  this  amount  only  for  two  years  longer  when 
the  amount  should  be  materially  reduced,  unless  reconstructions  of  part  of  the 
irrigation  systems  should  be  necessary.  On  the  other  hand,  the  total  receipts 
for  the  fiscal  year  1907  were  ^226,627.63 ;  for  1908,  ^280,915.74,  and  for  1909, 
should  reach  ^325,000.  Thus  the  anticipated  expenditure  in  excess  of  receipts 
for  the  fiscal  year  1909  should  not  exceed  ^400,000,  and  thereafter  each  year 
should  show  a  gradual  increase  in  receipts  and  a  reduction  in  both  the  current 
and  nonrecurrent  expenses,  except  in  the  item  of  interest,  until  such  time  as  the 
annual  deficit  is  covered,  except  that  w^hich  applies  to  those  estates  such  as 
San  Jose  de  Mindoro  and  Isabela,  Isabela  Province,  which  are  practically  unoc- 
cupied, and  those  estates  which  have  practically  one-half  of  their  area  unoccu- 
pied, such  as  Calamba,  Laguna  Province;  Imus,  San  Francisco  de  Malabon,  and 
Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon,  Cavite  Province ;  and  Tala,  Rizal  Province,  which  will 
continue  to  show  a  debit  balance  until  a  larger  percentage  of  their  area  is 
occupied  and  under  cultivation.  Some  of  these  estates,  especially  those  in  Cavite 
and  Laguna  Provinces,  are  estates  which  were  cultivated  and  would  now  be 
cultivated  and  rented  were  there  sufficient  occupants  thereon,  and  special  efforts 
are  being  made  to  induce  cultivation  and  occupation  of  these  estates.  I  refer  to 
the  work  of  the  agricultural  bureau  in  doing  plowing  with  the  steam  plow  for 
the  occupants  of  the  estates,  and  the  advantages  held  out  to  tenants  under  the 
friar-land  loan  act,  and  special  inducements  offered  to  those  who  will  agree  to 
cultivate  by  reduced  rentals  for  the  first  three  years,  but  the  process  must  be, 
necessarily,  a  slow  one,  as  the  capital  needed  to  clear  land  which  has  been  lying 
fallow  for  more  than  10  years  varies  from  f*=30  to  1^100  per  hectare  before  the 
first  crop  has  been  planted. 

While  22.G  per  cent  of  the  friar  estates  were  leased  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal 
year  1907,  26.7  were  leased  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  1908,  and  the  per- 
centage of  increase  will  be  greater  for  the  fiscal  year  1909,  for  as  fast  as  the 
actual  area  of  an  occupant's  holding  is  known  he  is  required  to  lease  this  area 
instead  of  the  area  which  he  originally  leased,  which  was  based  on  his  own 
statement,  and  ordinarily  did  not  exceed  one-half  of  the  area  actually  occupied. 
Furthermore,  as  the  areas  of  the  estates  are  computed  the  classification  of  the 
land  is  then  made  and  the  actual  value  of  each  occupant's  holding  becomes 
known.  As  soon  as  known  the  occupant  is  required  to  make  a  lease  on  a  basis 
of  5  per  cent  of  the  value  of  the  land,  or  purchase  his  holding,  and  up  to  date 
the  San  Marcos,  Ma  tamo,  Dampol,  Binagbag,  and  Orion  estates  have  been  thus 
offered  for  sale  and  have  either  been  sold  or  rented  on  a  basis  wiiich  not  only 
covers  the  interest  and  administrative  expense  on  these  estates,  but  also 
includes  the  cost  of  administration  and  the  expense  of  survey  and  all  other 
expenses  incidental  to  the  preparation  of  these  estates  for  sale  between  the  date 
of  purchase  and  the  date  of  sale.  These  estates  will,  therefore,  be  eliminated 
from  the  deficit  colunm  for  the  fiscal  year  1909.  The  Guiguinto,  Santa  Rosa, 
Banilad,  Malinta,  and  Muntinlupa  estates  should  be  sold  or  rented  during  the 
year,  either  in  whole  or  in  part,  and  it  is  expected  that  the  Banilad,  Guiguinto, 
and  Malinta  estates  will  show  a  surplus  rather  than  a  deficit  for  the  present 
year.  Thus  it  is  anticipated  that  at  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year  eight  estates  will 
be  eliminated  from  the  deficit  column  and  with  a  possibility  of  including  in  this 
column  Muntinlupa.  Other  estates  will  be  offered  for  sale  as  fast  as  the  com- 
putations can  be  completed,  but  in  the  meantime  the  areas  of  the  various  par- 
cels are  being  computed  with  the  planimeter,  and  these  areas  are  being  used  for 
re-leases  on  these  estates,  so  that  the  so-called  policy  of  "laissez  faire,"  so 
termed  by   Gen.  Edwards,   has  been   superseded  by  a  policy  of  leasing  and 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  343 

selling  based  on  actual  areas,  juid  where  tlie  values  are  known  on  actual  values, 
viz :  New  leases  are  made  upon  a  basis  of  5  per  cpnt  of  the  actual  valuation. 
Thus  it  is  anticipated  that  during  the  present  j^ear  the  entire  occupied  area  of 
each  estate  will  be  rented,  if  not  sold,  on  a  basis  sufficient  to  pay  the  interest  and 
administration  charges  on  the  portions  of  the  estates  leased,  but  this  will  in  no 
wise  reduce  the  deficit  properly  pertaining  to  the  large  areas  of  unoccupied 
lands  on  the  high-priced  estates  in  Laguna  and  Cavite  Provinces.  These  lands 
are  mainly  sugar  lands,  and  their  are  many  reasons  for  their  nonoccupation 
and  cultivation,  one  of  the  most  important  of  which  is  the  lack  of  funds  among 
agriculturists  to  purchase  animals  or  to  supply  subsistence  to  employees  during 
the  growing  of  the  first  crop,  and  endeavors  are  being  made  by  this  bureau  to 
assist  agriculturists,  as  before  stated,  to  extend  the  cultivated  areas  on  these 
estates.  Another  reason  is  that  while  these  lands  are  known  to  be  good  sugar 
lands,  the  price  of  sugar  during  the  past  year  has  been  such  as  to  deter  many 
who  desired  to  enter  this  business,  but  the  price  at  the  present  time  is  suflicient 
to  warrant  planters  in  clearing  new  land,  and  an  increased  area  will  be  planted 
this  year  on  these  estates. 

It  may  be  further  anticipated  that  the  deficit  on  the  following  estates  will  be 
reduced  during  the  year:  Binan,  Calamba,  Imus,  Lolombey,  Naic,  Piedad,  Santa 
Maria  de  Pandi,  Santa  Rosa,  Tala,  and  Talisay-Minglanilla.  On  the  other  hand, 
the  San  Francisco  de  Malabon  and  Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon  estates  will  probably 
show  an  increase  in  the  deficit,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  collections  of  last 
year  exceeded  the  annual  contracted  rental  on  account  of  the  fact  that  there 
was  much  delinquent  rent  collected  during  the  year. 

At  the  time  of  my  appointment  as  director  of  lands,  in  discussing  the  subject 
of  friar  lands  with  Gov.  Wright,  I  told  him  that  I  did  not  anticipate  that 
any  great  headway  could  be  made  on  the  friar  lands  within  five  years.  This 
was  in  1905,  and  subsequent  events  have  proven  this  prognostication.  Nor 
did  I  ever  believe  it  was  possible,  w^ithin  the  terms  for  w^hich  the  bonds  of  the 
friar  lands  were  issued,  to  accumulate  from  the  estates  sufficient  funds  to  wipe 
out  the  bond  issue,  and  it  was  estimated  that  a  loss  of  ^4,000,000  might  have 
to  be  charged  off  on  this  transaction.  However,  at  that  time  I  was  not  familiar 
with  the  value  of  the  irrigation  works  on  these  estates.  In  the  annual  report 
of  this  bureau  for  the  year  1907  it  was  estimated  that  ^1,000,000  was  invested 
in  the  irrigation  systems,  but  I  believe,  on  the  basis  of  costs  of  the  systems  to 
construct  at  the  present  day,  f^4,000,000  would  be  nearer  the  actual  value. 

If,  then,  when  the  lands  on  these  estates  have  been  sold,  the  irrigation  systems 
capitalized  at  P4,000,000,  and  a  water  rate  fixed  which  shall  provide  for  a  sink- 
ing fund  on  this  basis  of  valuation,  would  it  not  seem  reasonable  to  presume 
that  within  50  years  at  least  the  entire  debt  for  the  purchase,  administration, 
survey,  and  sale  of  the  friar  lands  may  be  paid  from  the  income  to  be  derived 
from  the  sale,  rent,  w^ater  rate,  and  other  income  from  the  friar  estates?  And 
I  believe  this  is  the  best  side  of  the  situation. 

I  inclose  with  this  report  a  copy  of  the  annual  report  for  the  fiscal  year  1908 
of  the  director  of  lands  to  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  which  includes  a  state- 
ment of  the  progress  made  on  friar  estates  to  June  30  (pp.  7  to  68,  inclusive), 
and  shows  the  conditions  on  the  estates. 

The  question  of  the  cost  of  surveys  in  the  Philippine  Islands  is  one  which,  to 
be  understood,  appears  to  need  full  explanation.  I  will  therefore  go  into  the 
question  with  some  detail. 

It  appears  clear  from  the  act  of  Congress  and  the  legislation  by  the  Philippine 
Commission  that  each  occupant  of  a*  parcel  of  friar  lands  had  vested  in  him 
the  right  to  purchase  or  lease  the  actual  land  occupied  by  him  at  the  date  of 
purchase  by  the  Government  of  the  friar  lands.  This  being  the  case,  it  was 
essential  that  this  bureau  undertake  the  actual  survey  of  the  ground  occupied 
by  every  occupant  of  a  friar  estate.  It  was  known  prior  to  undertaking  the 
parcel  surveys  of  friar  lands  that  the  expense  of  these  surveys  would  be  very 
great,  and  the  matter  was  discussed  thoroughly  and  investigated  on  some  of  the 
estates,  with  a  view  to  obviating  the  survey  of  the  very  irregular  tracts  of  land 
held  by  occupants  on  these  estates,  and  it  was  determined  that  it  was  impos- 
sible to  comply  with  the  law  and  rectify  the  alignment  of  the  premises  occujiied. 
This  statement  may  be  further  clarified  by  stating  that  on  all  the  cultivated 
estates  there  are  trees,  such  as  banana,  mango,  bamboo,  ilang-ilang,  and  others, 
which,  as  a  rule,  are  along  the  boundaries  of  the  parcels,  and  the  occupants  in- 
sisted that  these  trees  be  included  within  their  holdings,  and  that  the  lines  of 
the  survey  follow  the  lines  of  their  holdings.  While  it  is  true  that  surveyors 
did  not  in  all  cases  strictly  conform  to  the  desires  of  the  occupants,  they  did 


344  ADMINISTKATIOK   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

so  to  an  extent  sufficient  to  satisfy  the  occupants,  except  on  two  estates,  which, 
in  consequence  of  the  surveyor's  endeavors  to  rectify  the  alignment  and 
straighten  same,  necessitated  resurveys.  After  it  was  determined  that  parcel 
surveys  according  to  the  occupant's  holdings  was  necessary,  the  method  to  be 
used  was  discussed,  and  as  it  was  necessary  that  Torrens  title  should  issue  for 
these  parcels  when  the  same  had  been  purchased,  the  modern  method  of  survey- 
ing employed  in  all  English-speaking  countries  was  adopted,  including  the  com- 
putations of  such  surveys  by  latitude  and  departure.  Accordingly,  this  bureau 
requested  an  appropriation  for  the  fiscal  year  1907  sufficient  to  complete  the 
field  work  of  the  surveys  in  one  year.  The  Philippine  Commission  concluded 
that  it  would  be  better  to  extend  the  time  for  two  years,  and  the  force  was 
accordingly  reduced,  the  appropriation  was  made,  and  the  field  work  was  fin- 
ished as  anticipated. 

At  the  time  that  this  work  was  begun  it  was  contemplated  bringing  into  the 
Manila  office  the  surveyors  included  in  the  field  parties  and  proceed  with  the 
computations,  but  this  bureau  being  called  upon  for  other  surveys  under  the 
public-land  act  and  the  land-registration  act,  :^his  could  not  be  accomplished, 
and  accordingly  a  new  force  of  computors  not  only  had  to  be  employed  but 
trained  in  their  work.  This  caused  a  delay  in  the  completion  of  the  computa- 
tions, and  the  legislature  decided  at  the  last  session  that  these  computations 
should  take  their  regular  turn  in  the  office,  and  it  is  estimated  that  two  years 
must  elapse  before  they  are  all  completed  with  the  present  force.  But  notwith- 
standing this  delay,  it  was  determined  to  obtain  the  areas  of  each  parcel  on  the 
friar  estates  by  the  use  of  the  planimeter.  This  has  now  been  done,  and  al- 
though the  error  in  the  area  averages  at  least  5  per  cent,  this  area  is  used  as  a 
basis  of  new  leases  in  order  to  increase  the  revenue  and  the  area  leased. 

Another  purpose  of  the  friar-land  surveys  was  to  define  and  mark  upon  the 
ground  the  boundaries  of  the  parcels  as  claimed  by  the  occupants  and  to  leave 
such  monuments  on  the  ground  that  the  corners  of  the  parcels  might  be  relo- 
cated in  the  future. 

Approximately  37  per  cent  of  the  friar  lands  are  under  cultivation  in  rice, 
sugar  cane,  corn,  maguey,  and  other  crops,  and  approximately  26  per  cent  are 
leased,  but  there  is  still  a  large  amount  of  friar  lands  claimed  by  the  old  occu- 
X3ants  which  is  leased  to  them,  but  which  is  not  being  cultivated,  nor  has  this 
area  been  cultivated  for  10  or  12  years,  and  it  has  grown  up  with  cogon 
grass  or  trees  or  other  vegetation.  The  survey  of  the  land  under  cultivation 
when  same  was  made  at  a  time  when  the  crops  did  not  interfere  with  the  sur- 
vey was  made  at  a  comparatively  low  cost,  for  the  reason  that  a  small  amount 
of  clearing  was  necessary,  it  was  easy  to  determine  the  boundary  lines,  and  the 
occupants  could  be  readily  persuaded  to  point  out  their  boundaries.  The  uncul- 
tivated lands,  covered  with  a  tangle  of  small  brush,  cogon  grass,  bamboo,  or 
other  tropical  vegetation,  varying  from  6  to  15  feet  in  height,  were  very  much 
more  difficult,  every  line  having  to  be  cut  out  to  a  width  of  at  least  6  feet.  Now, 
to  clear  a  line  through  50  feet  of  bamboo  in  a  day  is  considered  a  fair  day's 
work  for  the  several  laborers  in  a  survey  party ;  through  heavy  underbrush,  300 
feet ;  through  light  underbrush  and  high  grass,  1,000  feet ;  through  cogon  grass, 
5,000  feet;  while  over  rice  lands  or  roads  a  survey  party  can  progress  for  a 
matter  of  5  miles.  Thus  it  may  be  seen  that  the  cost  of  surveying  uncultivated 
lands,  especially  under  the  conditions  existing  on  friar  lands,  necessitated  a 
large  expense. 

The  boundary  lines  of  cultivated  and  claimed  lands  were  surveyed  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  claims  of  the  occupants.  Such  boundaries  were  marked 
by  rice  dikes,  rows  of  trees,  irrigation  ditches,  clumps  of  bamboo,  various  kinds 
of  fences,  roads,  or  streams,  and  in  many  instances  were  more  or  less  indefinite. 
The  first  and  most  difficult  problem  was  to  determine  on  the  ground  the  bomd- 
aries  of  the  holdings  and  the  names  of  the  occupants.  For  this  purpose  the 
services  of  men  who,  under  the  friars,  had  been  in  charge  of  the  apportionment 
of  lands  and  collections  of  rents  were  secured  as  guides  wherever  possible. 
These  guides  were  more  or  less  familiar  with  the  names  of  the  occupants,  the 
approximate  location  of  their  holdings,  and  the  ground  over  which  the  work 
was  to  be  done,  but  t@  ascertain  the  actual  boundary  lines  the  occupants  them- 
selves had  to  be  sought  out  and  brought  to  the  ground,  and  this  is  where  the 
trouble  began,  for  the  occupants  rarely,  if  ever,  live  on  farm  lands,  and  disputes 
as  to  the  location  of  their  boundaries  were  many,  bitter,  and  prolonged,  and 
many  times  delayed  the  surveys.  As  soon  as  the  disputes  were  settled,  the 
corners  were  marked  and  a  sketch  of  the  lot  was  made.  The  sketches  were 
made  by  Filipinos  to  avoid  holding  up  the  work  of  an  expensive  transit  party. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  345 

while  boundaries  were  being  determined,  and  parties  consisting  of  five  or  six 
natives  were  organized  and  trained  to  go  into  the  field  and  locate  the  bonnd- 
aries,  mark  same,  and  mnke  a  rongh  sketch  thereof.  It  required  tw^o  and  some- 
times tlu'oe  of  such  ])arties,  de])ending  upon  the  natnre  of  the  country,  to  keep 
one  transit  party  fully  occupied.  Then  the  sketches  were  turned  over  to  the 
transit  i)arty,  that  the  transit  mnn  might  know  to  what  corner  an  azinnith 
and  distance  referred  whe^  ^>tered  in  liis  notebook. 

Prior  to  the  surveys,  lofis;^  control  or  primary  traverse  lines  were  run  and 
mensured  through  a  district  with  an  accuracy  of  1:2000,  and  points  on  these 
lines  w^ere  used  from  which  to  start  and  close  sccomhiry  traverse  or  meander 
lines  from  which  lot  cornei'S  might  be  located  by  side  shots.  All  traverse  lines 
were  measured  with  steel  tapes,  and  the  azimuth,  both  on  traverse  lines  and  to 
lot  corners,  were  referred  to  the  true  meridian  and  nu^asured  to  the  nearest 
minute  of  an  arc.  Distances  to  lot  corners  were  measured  by  stadia,  but  10  per 
cent  were  also  measured  with  the  steel  tape  as  a  check  against  the  stadia  con- 
stant and  personal  errors  of  the  transit  man. 

Unoccupied  lands  were  divided  into  blocks  of  25  hectare  squares  by  true  north 
and  south  and  east  and  west  lines.  This  work  was  fully  as  expensive  as  the 
survey  of  the  occupied  lands,  although  the  tracts  were  larger  by  at  least  ten 
times.  This  was  due  to  the  fact  that  the  actual  boundary  lines  had  to  be  estab- 
lished, necessitating  the  clearing  of  all  obstructions,  and  in  nearly  all  cases 
was  over  rough  country  which  had  been  for  the  past  12  years  uncultivated, 
and  therefore  grown  up  with  all  sorts  of  tropical  growth,  while  on  occupic^i 
lands  the  transit  stations  were  located  at  the  most  accessible  points  from  w^liich 
parcel  corners  could  be  located.  Cement  location  or  reference  monuments,  in 
pairs,  were  so  located  that  no  lot  should  be  more  than  1,000  meters  therefrom, 
in  order  that  its  boundnries  might  be  reestablished  at  any  time  in  the  future. 
Traverse  lines  were  computed  by  latitudes  and  departures,  and  the  coordinates 
of  each  station  determined  with  reference  to  a  system  of  rectangular  ordinates. 
Coordinates  of  each  parcel  corner  on  the  same  system  are  computed,  in  order 
that  the  bearing  and  length  of  each  lot  line  may  be  computed  and  the  area  com- 
puted by  double  meridian  distances. 

The  total  cost  of  friai-land  surveys  to  June  30,  lOOS.  was  ^531 ,705.92,  and 
the  probable  cost  of  computations  and  drafting  to  completely  close  uj)  the 
work  will  approximate  P=100,000,  or  a  iirobable  total  cost  of  r()32,000  for 
friar-land  svu'veys,  which  would  av(H'age  a  trifle  less  tlian  fM  per  hectare,  or 
4i  per  cent  of  the  cost  price  of  the  friar  lands,  and  I  know  of  no  way  by  which 
this  cost  could  have  been  materially  reduced  under  the  conditions  existing, 
especially  with  regard  to  the  imi)ossibility  of  ol)taining  technical  men  except 
at  prices  far  in  excess  of  what  would  have  been  paid  in  the  TTuited  States. 
On  tlie  oth(^r  hand,  the  labor  used  in  these  surveys  was  entirely  native  labor, 
at  a  price  far  below  the  cost  in  the  Ihiited  States.  Tlie  entire  equipment  had 
to  be  purchased  both  for  held  work  and  ollice,  and  in  tlu^  re])ort  of  this  bureau 
for  the  fiscal  year  1908  there  appears  a  statement  which  shows  the  total  cost 
of  these  surveys,  which  is  divided  l)otween  the  various  estates  and  segregated 
as  to  yeai's  in  which  ex])ended  and  pnr|)ose  for  which  exp(^nded,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  1*100,000  for  computations  yet  to  be  made. 

The  friar-land  surveys  were  based  u])on  the  metric  system,  but  the  total 
figures  herein  mentioned  are  reduced  to  English  measures. 

These  estates  contain  apin*oximately  012  scpiare  miles,  dividcnl  into  23  estates, 
including  31  dilTerent  i)arcels.  An  average  of  IT  survey  parties  for  three  years, 
or  025  transit  months,  were  occupied  in  the  surveys,  55,5t)1  ti-ansit  stations  were 
occupied,  and  4,450  miles  of  traverse  lines  were  measured.  There  were  530 
astronomical  observations  taken  for  true  azimuth,  and  1,157  cement  monuments 
were  set.  Forty-three  th.ousand  tliree  hundred  and  seventy-eight  lots  were  sur- 
veyed, or  an  average  of  72  lots  to  the  square  nule,  or  9  acres  to  the  lot.  There 
were  390,402  corners,  an  average  of  9  corners  to  a  lot,  and  measur(nnent  was 
taken  of  46  per  cent  of  these,  or  179,585.  Xinety-two  transit  stations  were 
taken,  and  7.4  miles  of  tra\'erse  were  measured  for  each  scpiare  mile,  and  298 
lot  corners  per  square  mile  were  located.  The  cost  per  square  mile  to  July  1, 
1908,  was  $417.78  United  Slates  currency,  or  $0.()5  per  acre.  The  total  cost 
this  work,  including  comiuitations,  drafting,  etc.,  will  approximate  $515  per 
square  mile,  or  $0.80  per  acre. 

In  the  consideration  of  these  costs  it  should  be  noted  that  men  experienced  in 
this  class  of  work  on  a  large  scale  could  not  be  obtained,  and  there  were  no 
precedents  obtainable  except  the  general  methods  of  surveying.  Not  more  tlian 
10  per  cent  of  the  surveyors  engaged  in  this  work  had  had  any  previous  expe- 

82278° ~H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 26 


346  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILTPPINE   LANDS. 

rience  in  surveying  in  tropical  countries.  In  fact,  the  majority  were  recent 
gniduates  of  technical  schools  in  the  United  States  and  were  totally  unf<nnlliar 
with  the  langua,£:es,  conditions,  or  the  hnblts  and  characteristics  of  the  people. 

These  men,  when  they  arrived,  were  placed  under  the  more  experienced  sur- 
veyors, and,  as  they  proved  their  ability,  were  placed  in  charge  of  survey  par- 
ties. The  work  wjis  started  with  4  surveyors  and  2  transits,  and  in  less  than 
three  years  a  force  of  60  surveyors  had  been  organized  and  equipped  and  had 
completed  the  work  assigned  within  a  few  days  of  the  time  estimated  more 
than  two  years  previous. 

All  sub'Sistence  and  supplies  had  to  be  shipped  from  Manila  to  the  survey 
parties,  and  often  they  were  many  miles  from  a  railroad  or  road  transportation. 

Inasmuch  as  the  letter  of  Gen.  Edwards  brings  up  the  question  of  the 
expense  of  public-land  surveys,  a  statement  relative  thereto  is  herein  submitted. 

The  bureau  of  lands  is  now  engaged  in  the  survey  of  15  classes  of  public-land 
surveys,  viz:  Fores^iore,  free  patent,  Government  lands,  homesteads,  lease,  coal, 
lode  and  placer  claims,  sales,  reclamation,  insular,  municipal  and  provincial 
reservations,  town  sites,  and  unperfected  titles.  These  surveys  during  the  past 
year  were  scattered  through  26  of  the  provinces  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and 
in  many  instances  a  survey  party  would  make  a  trip  of  several  days  in  order  to 
reacli  the  locality  of  one  or  two  sni-veys.  This  class  of  work  is  so  scattered^ 
and  so  few  surveys  are  ready  at  one  time  in  a  district  or  province,  that  special 
trips  are  necessary  to  execute  a  comparatively  small  amount  of  work.  The 
object  of  these  surveys  is  to  secure  accurjite  plans  and  descriptions  of  land 
surveyed  in  order  that  Torrens  Title  may  issue,  based  on  accurate  surveys  and 
plans,  said  title  being  guaranteed  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 
The  field  conditions  are  in  many  cases  the  same  as  those  on  occupied  and  culti- 
vated friar  lands,  except  that  the  difficulties  in  regard  to  location  of  boundaries 
are  not  so  great.  This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  surveyor  has  to  deal  with 
only  one  claimant  and  the  adjoining  owners. 

Fifty-one  thousand  three  hundred  and  two  acres  of  public-land  surveys  wore 
completed  during  the  year  at  a  cost  of  $.-U),r.36.1)l,  or  $o.r)t)  per  acre.  A  total 
of  620  j)arcels  were  surveyed,  containing  an  average  of  82,7  acres  per  parcel. 

There  can  be  no  fair  comparison  between  tlie  work  and  cost  of  friar-land 
surveys  and  public-land  surveys.  The  avm*age  area  per  parcel  of  public-land 
surveys  is  nine  times  as  grcuit  as  on  friar-land  surveys.  The  cost  of  survey 
depends  upon  so  many  varying  conditions  that  before  a  decision  is  reached  that 
the  cost  of  the  survey  ex(\'uted  by  a  particular  surveyor  is  excessive,  it  is 
necessary  that  a  very  close  insi>ectlon  should  be  made  of  all  conditions  affecting 
the  respective  cost. 

I  have  been  unable,  from  any  data  on  hand,  to  make  a  fair  comparison  of  the 
cost  of  surveying  work  executed  by  this  bureau  and  the  cost  of  such  work 
executed  by  other  governments.  Li  owe  ver,  the  following  figures  are  given  for 
what  1 1 1  ey  a  r  e  \v  o  i*  t  h  : 

Public-land  sul)di visions,  United  Staters  (Geological  Survo^y,  Indian  Territory 
(topogi'ai)hic,  50  fec^t  contoiu's  and  subdivision  into  640-acre  tracts)  :  Cost,  $31 
per  square  mile,  or  $0.05  i)er  acre. 

Ordnance  survey,  Great  P>ritain  (contours  and  private  boundaries)  :  Cost, 
$294  per  square  mile,  or  $0.46  per  acre. 

Cadastral  survey,  St.  Louis,  Mo.  (contour  and  private  boundaries)  :  Cost, 
$7»>1)  pin-  square  mile,  or  $1.16  per  acre. 

Cadastral  survey,  lialtiniore,  I\ld.  (contour  and  private  boundaries)  :  Cost, 
$4,070  per  square  mile,  or  $().36  per  acre.  (The  above  are  taken  from  "  Topo- 
grai)hic  Surveying."  by  II.  M.  Wilson.) 

Public-land  subdivision,  Soutli  Australia  (subdivision  into  80-acre  tracts  by 
sold '(US)  :    Cost.  $M.SO  per  sipnire  mile,  or  $0.07  per  acre. 

l*ubll«'-land  subdivision.  New'  Zealand  (subdivision  into  <SO-ac]'e  tracts  and 
"formation  of  roads")  :  Cost,  $1,()00  i)er  square  nfile,  or  $2.5(i  per  acre.  (The 
above  taken  from  "  (Jeneral  Frome  on  Surveying.")      (English.) 

Ca^Nistral  surveys,  bureau  of  lands,  Philippine  Islands:  Average  cost  for  fiscal 
year  1008,  $0l>5  i»er  acre. 

In  none  of  these  surveys  does  tbe  question  of  clearing  away  tro])ical  vegeta- 
tion before  surveying  eiiter.  This  bureau  has  on  hand  the  suiweyor  general's 
report  for  India  for  the  last  six  years,  but  tliere  a]>i)ear  to  be  no  ligures  to 
indicate  the  average  cost  i)er  acre  for  surveying.  There  ct\n  be  no  fair  com- 
parison of  the  work  of  surveying  public  or  other  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
with  such  surveys  in  the  United  States,  with  the  exception  of  nuneral  surveys. 
It  is  understood  that  mineral  surveyors  in  the  United  States  charge  from  $75 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  347 

to  $100  for  the  survey  of  a  ]ode  claim,  and  tbere  is  an  additional  charge  of  $25 
for  checking  the  survey  and  for  the  preparation  of  pl;ins  and  descriptions  in  the 
surveyor  general's  office,  making  a  total  of  from  $100  to  $125  per  claim,  the 
average  size  of  which  is  slightly  in  excess  of  4  hectares.  In  the  Philippine 
Islands  the  average  cost  of  surveying  mineral  claims  is  $150  for  chiims  of  9 
hectares  each,  including  the  checking,  computing,  and  drafting  hy  the  bureau  of 
lands.  This  is  a  fair  comparison,  and  it  seems  that  the  work  is  being  d<>ne  in 
the  Philippine  Islands  for  less  than  in  the  United  States,  if  the  area  is  to  be 
considered,  Avhich  would  induce  me  to  believe  that  the  cost  here  is  not  excessive. 
The  same  methods  are  used,  and  the  same  surveyors,  for  surveying  other  lands, 
with  the  exception  that  the  same  degree  of  accuracy  is  not  required  as  for 
mining  claims.  It  is  therefore  fair  to  conclude  that  the  cost  of  surveying  in 
the  Philippine  Islands  by  the  bureau  of  lands  is  not  excessive. 

The  present  condition  of  public-land  surveys  in  the  Philipphie  Islands  is  such 
that  the  average  cost  of  such  surveys  will  be  materially  reduced  from  that  of 
the  past,  due  to  the  fact  that  this  bureau  has  now  20  surveyors  stationed  in  the 
provinces,  in  which  they  make  their  headquarters,  and  therefore  the  cost  of 
transportation  is  materially  reduced,  as  survey  parties  were  formerly  delayed 
from  two  to  three  weeks  awaiting  transportation,  and  to  these  charges  must 
be  added  the  cost  of  their  transportation,  which  makes  excessive  the  cost  of 
surveys.  As  an  example  of  such  expense,  one  case  in  which  a  parcel  of  land 
measuring  about  5  acres,  located  in  Cagayan  Province,  will  be  cited.  This 
parcel,  as  stated,  comprises  about  5  acres,  and  must  be  surveyed  by  this  bureau 
at  the  cost  of  the  insular  government  under  the  provisions  of  section  (50  of  act 
1)26  (public-land  act).  The  minimum  cost,  including  transportation,  subsistence, 
and  salaries  of  the  survey  party,  will  be  approximately  f^^GOO,  or  f*^120  per 
hectare,  and  there  appears  to  be  no  way  to  obviate  this  expense  at  the  present 
time. 

There  is  hereby  submitted  for  the  consideration  of  the  chief  of  the  Rureau  of 
Insular  Affairs  a  copy  of  the  final  plans  of  the  Santa  Rosa  estate^  which  has 
just  been  completed  by  this  bureau,  including  an  index  map  of  the  estate,  blue- 
l)rint  copies  of  the  final  sheets,  and  a  copy  of  the  lot  descriptions.  This  is  an 
average  estate,  containing  something  over  5,0U0  hectares,  and  the  survey  of 
which  has  been  completed,  the  computations  made,  and  the  estate  prc^pared  for 
its  registration  before  the  land  court.  This  estate  has  been  classified  and  will 
be  offered  for  sale  during  this  fiscal  year.  A  close  inspection  of  these  plans 
will  show  a  great  amount  of  work,  the  great  number  of  sides  and  angles  to  lots 
and  the  irregularity  throughout  the  estate,  and  when  it  is  stated  that  only  70 
per  cent  of  this  estate  is  occupied  and  only  64  per  cent  leased,  and  mush  less 
cultivated,  the  balance  being  overgrown,  it  may  appear  that  the  cost  of  the 
surveys  of  this  estate,  viz,  f*^37.000,  or  ^6.79  per  hectare  complete,  extended 
over  a  period  of  two  years  ;ind  three  months,  is  not  excessive. 

In  answer  to  the  last  section  of  Gen.  Edwards's  letter,  I  do  not  think  that 
the  question  of  putting  the  separate  estates  in  the  hands  of  the  local  native  gov- 
ernors has  ever  been  contemplated  except  by  the  director  of  lands,  after 
consultation  with  Gen.  Edwards,  for  the  simple  reason  that  the  governors  of  the 
various  provinces  concerned  are  usually  in  politics:  that  these  (^states  are 
grouped  mainly  in  four  provinces — Cavite,  Laguna,  Bulacan,  and  Rlzal — and 
occu))y  so  large  a  proportion  of  these  provinces  that,  with  the  governor  as  ad- 
ministrator, he  could  absolutely  control  the  vote  through  his  influence  as  agent 
of  the  friar  lands.  Furthermore,  the  duties  of  the  agents  of  those  estates  are 
such  as  keep  competent  men  constantly  engaged  in  tlie  work  eitlier  of  leasing, 
identifying,  collecting  rents,  or  selling  parcels  of  land,  so  that  it  would  appear 
impossible,  excei)t  as  a  matter  of  general  supervision,  for  a  governor  to  inter- 
vene in  this  question.  The  natives,  however,  do  enter  into  the  administration 
of  the  estates  to  a  great  extent.  For  instance,  the  municipal  treasurer  of 
Cauayan,  province  of  Isabela,  is  the  agent  of  the  Isal)ela  estate.  The  presi- 
dente  of  the  municipality  of  Naic  has  been  the  assistant  agent  of  the  Naic 
estate  for  upward  of  three  years.  In  the  province  of  Bataan  a  native  agent 
has  been  in  cliai-ge  of  the  Orion  estate  for  ui)ward  of  two  years,  but  where 
several  estates  ai-e  combined  for  administrative  purposes  it  has  been  found  that 
American  agents  in  charge  produce  the  most  ethcient.  as  well  as  the  most 
economical,  results,  and  the  estates  are  now  administered  as  follows: 

Calamba,  Binan.  Santa  Rosa,  and  Muntinlupa  eslates,  an  American  agent  in 
charge  at  Binan,  with  a  native  subagent  at  Calamba. 


348  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon  and  San  Francisco  de  Malabon  and  Naic  estates,  an 
American  agent  in  cliarge,  with  snbagent  at  Naic. 

Inins  estate,  American  agent  located  at  Inius. 
•  Binagbag,    Danipol,    San    Marcos,    Matamo,    Gnigninto,    Lolomboy,    Malinta, 
IMedad,  Tula,  and  Santa  Maria  de  Pandi  estates,  administered  by  an  American 
agent  located  at  Bocane,  Bnlacan  Province,  with  a  snbagent  at  Polo. 

The  Orion  estate,  administered  by  a  native  agent  at  Orion,  Bataan  Province, 
but  as  tlie  estate  has  been  practically  sold  or  permanent  leases  executed,  said 
agent  will  be  relieved  in  the  near  future. 

"J'alisay-Minglanilla  and  Banilad  estates,  in  Cebu  Province,  administered  by 
an  Anu^rican  agent  located  at  Cebu. 

lsal)ela  estate  is  administered  by  the  municipal  treasurer  of  the  town  of 
Cauayan,  under  the  supervision  of  the  provincial  treasurer  of  Isabela. 

The  San  Jose  de  Mindoro  estate  is  administered  from  Manila. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  there  are  only  five  American  agents  now  on  duty 
on  friar  estates,  with  one  inspector,  who  is  continually  checking  up  agents  and 
subagents,  settling  disputes,  su])ervising  suits  for  the  collection  of  rents,  classi- 
fying land,  etc.,  while  in  the  friar  lands  division  in  the  ofiice  of  the  bureau 
of  lands  are  two  Americans,  one  of  whom  is  chief  of  tlie  division  and  the 
other  engaged  on  various  kinds  of  work,  checking,  etc.,  who  is  available  to 
relieve  agents  when  on  leave  or  absent  from  their  stations,  making  a  total 
of  7  Americans  employed  in  the  administration  of  friar  lands,  together  with  a 
superintendent  of  irrigation,  or  a  total  of  8  out  of  70  employees  engaged  on 
friar  lands. 

A  further  reduction  in  the  supervising  force  of  Americans  employed  on  the 
friar  lands  would,  in  my  opinion,  not  only  delay  the  work  to  l)e  done,  but 
would,  through  inefficiency,  increase  rather  than  decrease  the  administrative 
expense  in  the  long  run.  Further,  the  tenants  on  friar  lands  are  to-day  fairly 
well  satisfied  with  the  conditions,  which  have  been  explained  to  them  time 
after  time ;  and  while  they  complain  of  the  excessive  value  in  some  instances 
of  the  estates  which  tliey  desire  to  purchase,  yet  recent  legislation  extend- 
ing the  time  for  the  purchase  by  Installments  from  10  to  25  years  has 
remedied  the  condition  to  such  an  extent  that  the  ])robable  sale  within  the 
next  three  years  of  the  entire  occupied  area  of  friar  lands  may  be  anticipated. 
Furthermore,  the  large  number  of  town  lots  on  these  estates,  which  are  natu- 
rally the  highest-priced  property  on  these  estates,  will  be  sold  outright  for 
cash,  if  the  exi)erience  in  the  sale  of  the  Orion  estate  can  be  depended  upon 
for  a  precedent.  This  will  place  in  the  hands  of  the  Government  a  large  sum 
of  money  during  the  next  three  years,  which  may  probably  be  used  advan- 
tageously in  the  sinking  fund  of  the  friar-lands  fund. 

In  closing  this  report  I  desire  to  invite  your  attention  to  the  annual  report 
of  the  director  of  lands  for  the  fiscal  year  1908  relative  to  the  friar-lands  loan 
fund  and  other  measures  taken  to  increase  the  cultivated  area  on  friar  lands. 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  House  Document  No.  963,  on  pages  13  and  14,  is 
a  "  Schedule  of  rents  of  friar  lands."  I  wish  you  would  explain  to 
me  in  regard  to  that  schedxile,  so  far  as  it  relates  to  the  Tala  estate. 
When  was  that  schedule  established? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  Avill  have  to  look  up  that  date. 

Mr,  Parsons.  Under  which  of  those  classifications  did  Mr.  Carpen- 
ter pay  rent? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  of  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  None  of  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  except  on  certain  parcels  of  land  which  he 
rented  under  the  same  conditions  that  others  did. 

Mr.  Parsons.  This  does  not  contain,  then,  the  basis  on  which  he 
rented  some  of  his  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  contains  the  basis  on  which  he  rented  a  number 
of  small  parcels  or  any  land  that  he  took  over  from  land  that  became 
unoccupied,  having  formerly  been  occupied  by  a  former  tenant. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  this  schedule  relate  only  to  unoccupied  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  it  relates  to  all  lands. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  349 

Mr.  Parsons.  Both  occupied  and  unoccupied? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  both  occupied  and  unoccupied. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  does  it  relate  to  every  parcel  on  this  estate?   . 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Except  in  regard  to  those  special  leases — the  special 
lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Which  of  these  rates  apply  there  to  occupied  lands 
that  are  taken  up  by  the  occupants? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  According  to  the  classification  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Apparently  the  highest  priced  land  was  first-class 
nonirrigable  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  highest  priced  agricultural  land;  yes, 
sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  On  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  There  was  not  any  urban  land  on  that,  according 
to  this  schedule? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.     There  are  no  towns  there  to  amount  to  anything. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  there  any  irrigable  land  on  that  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  had  no  irrigation  systems  on  the  estate  and  did 
not  maintain  any. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  the  occupants  take  up  lands  at  all  those  different 
rents— the  nonirrigable  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  au}^  take  up  lands  at  the  rents  giA^en  for  first 
and  second  class  rural  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Twenty  centavos  first  class  per  hectare,  and  10  cen- 
tavos  second  class? 

Mr.  Sleitper.  Yc^s,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  how  many  took  up  that  way  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  but  I  can  give  that  information  as  to  any  desig- 
nated time. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  there  any  leases  pending  now  to  occupants 
which  have  as  low  rates  as  20  centavos  and  10  centavos  per  hectare? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  no  leases  on  the  Tala  estate  at  the  present 
time  except  Mr.  Carpenter's. 

Mr.  Parsons.  All  the  rest  has  been  sold  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Everybody  else  has  purchafed. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  give  any  idea  in  regard  to  the  purchasers  as 
to  what  the  annual  installment  per  hectare  is  on  lands  classified  as 
these  are  compared  to  what  the  rentals  were?  How  much  greater 
were  they? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  can  not  do  that  without  comparing  with  a  schedule 
of  the  appraiHcmeiit  of  land  on  that  estate.  T  think  there  must  be 
some  mistake  on  this  rural  and  urban  lot  schedule,  as  the  price  is  per 
meter  or  per  are  and  not  per  hectare,  as  the  case  may  be,  and  I  think 
there  has  been  some  misprint  there. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  you  would  look  that  up. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Agricultural  land  is  usually  by  the  hectare.  Other 
lands  are  by  the  ares  or  by  centares,  as  the  case  may  be.  and  I  think 
there  is  a  misprint  in  this  report. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  difference  between  rural  land  and  agri- 
cultural land? 


350  ADMINISTKATIOK   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  This  is  for  building  lots — building  lots  in  small  com- 
munities, along  roads  and  in  barrios.    Urban  lots  are  lots  in  towns. 

Mr.  GARRETr.  On  that  page,  while  you  are  there  on  page  13,  there 
IS  a  statement  that  I  do  not  understand.    It  says: 

No  leases  of  more  than  16  hectares  to  an  individual,  or  1,024  hectares  to  a 
corporation  or  association  of  persons,  have  been  made  of  i)nl>lic  lands  in  the 
Philii)pine  Islands,  and  no  such  leases  have  been  applied  for,  nor  is  it  known 
that  any  person  acting  as  an  agent  or  factor  for  any  other  person,  association, 
or  corporation,  has  leased,  or  applied  to  lease,  such  lands  in  excess  of  the  limit 
mentioned  above,  except  as  mentioned  in  this  rei)ort. 

That  last  statement,  "  except  as  mentioned  in  this  report,"  means 
the  report  inmiediately  preceding  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  (xarreit^.  That  none  except  what  is  mentioned  in  that  re- 
port  

Mr.  Sleeper  (interrupting).  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  There  are  laws  relating  to  the  public  lands,  somewhat 
similar  to  our  laws  in  the  AVest,  as  to  the  public  domain  for  home- 
steading,  are  there  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  Those  laws  do  not  apply  to  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  do  not  understand  so. 

Mr.  Helm.  Why  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  homesteading  laws  apply  to  public  lands  per- 
taining to  the  United  States  Government,  and  the  friar  lands  do  not 
pertain  to  the  United  States  Government.  They  are  insular  lands 
purchased  by  the  Philippine  Government  from  bonds  issued. 

Mr.  Helm.  To  what  extent,  if  any,  have  the  Filipinos  homesteaded 
the  public  domain  there  that  is  subject  to  preemption  or  homestead- 
ing ? 

The  CiiAiR3L\N.  I  think  we  have  already  put  in  the  record  the  laws 
covering  that  matter. 

Mr.  Helm.  I  am  trying  to  find  out  just  for  my  own  personal  infor- 
mation to  what  extent  the  Filipinos  are  showing  a  disposition  to 
acquire  the  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Up  to  June  30,  1910,  there  had  been  8,951  applica- 
tions for  homesteads  received  in  my  oflice. 

Mr.  Helm.  How  many  have  been  granted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  have  been  allowed  3,837. 

Mr.  Helm.  What  is  the  general  disposition  of  the  Filipino  to  apply 
for  these  homestead  rights? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  does  not  seem  to  be  any  general  disposition. 

Mr.  Helm.  Are  they  encouraged  in  any  way  by  the  office  or  the  de- 
partment to  do  so? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  we  have  published  a  great  many  documents 
and  given  great  publicity  to  the  provisions  of  the  public-lands  act. 
We  have  also  sent  inspectors  into  the  provinces,  in  an  endeavor  to 
get  them  to  take  up  lands  in  one  way  or  another;  but  they  seem  to 
be  disinclined  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  the  homestead  law. 

Mr.  Hel^l  To  comply  with  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  What  feature  of  the  laws  do  they  object  to  or  com- 
plain of  ^ 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  351 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  object  to  living  on  the  hind.  They  like  to  live 
in  the  towns  or  barrios,  and  many  complaints  are  heard  in  regard  to 
that  provision  of  the  law. 

Mr.  Helm.  Do  they  manifest  any  taste  or  disposition  to  participate 
in  agriculture  or  cultivating  of  the  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  most  Filipinos  in  the  provinces,  outside  of 
the  cities,  have  a  disposition  to  have  some  land  and  have  it  under 
cultivation. 

Mr.  Helm.  Is  this  tendency  or  disposition  increasing?  In  other 
w^ords,  is  there  any  evidence  on  the  part  of  the  Filipinos  to  acquire 
the  hind,  more  so  than  formerly? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  in  fact,  when  they  were  granted  free  patents, 
absolutely  free,  without  cost  to  them,  it  was  with  great  difficulty  that 
we  induced  them  to  sign  the  necessary  papers  to  have  them  get  the 
grants  to  their  lands  which  they  were  olfered  by  the  Government. 

Mr.  Helm.  They  are  not  attracted  to  agricidtural  pursuits,  as  I 
understand  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  they  are  attracted  to  the  pursuits,  but  they 
do  not  seem  to  have  the  initiative  to  go  out  and  start  for  themselves. 
There  are  many  conditions  there  which  are  against  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  spoke  of  lands  owned  by  the  friars  south  of  the 
San  Jose  estate  to  Avhich  they  had  removed  their  cattle? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  In  order  to  avoid  having  to  pay  rent? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Can  you  state  where  those  lands  lie,  and  give  us  some 
idea  of  the  extent  of  the  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  think  they  are  actually  owned  by  the  friars, 
but  they  seem  to  control  them  sidliciently  so  they  have  accjuired  the 
right  to  put  their  cattle  on  them.  That  is  the  tract  of  land  Mr.  Poole 
was  going  down  to  look  at  when  I  caught  him  in  my  office. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  that  the  tract  of  land  on  the  Island  of  Mindoro? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  it  is  just  close  to  the  Mangarin  Bay,  as  I 
understand  it,  but  south  rather  than  north. 

J\Ir.  Jones.  Do  you  know  anything  as  to  the  extent  of  that  body 
of  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  do  not. 

Mr.  eloNES.  Do  the  friars  own  or  control  through  some  agent  or 
corporation  any  other  lands  on  that  island  than  these? 

Mr.  Sleepier.  Not  to  my  knowledge;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  they  own  at  this  time,  either  in  their  own  names  or 
control  through  the  agents,  lands  in  any  other  island  than  IMindoro? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  those  two  estates  adjoining  the  city  of 
Manila  which  they  refused  to  sell.  They  also  control,  I  presume, 
through  the  Philippine  Sugar  Fstate  Development  Co.,  a  tract  of 
land  in  the  Santa  Rosa  estate  of  200  hectares  and  two  tracts  of  land 
in  the  Calamba  estate,  all  three  of  which  they  reserved  from  sale  to 
the  Government,  and  some  other  small  parcels. 

Mr.  Jones.  Will  you  tell  us  about  those  two  bodies  near  Manila? 
One  of  them  is  known  as  the  Mandaloyan  estate? 

JVlr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  on  the  Pasig  River? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  is  the  acreaue  of  that  estate? 


352  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  obtain  the  information.  I  do  not  have 
it  with  me.    I  can  obtain  it  here. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  will  be  glad  if  you  will  do  so  and  give  it  to  the 
stenographer  to  insert  in  the  record,  so  it  may  appear  in  to-day's  pro- 
ceedings, if  you  can. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(Mr.  Sleeper  subsequently  informed  the  clerk  that  the  acreage 
above  referred  to  was  10,082 1.) 

Mr.  Jones.  What  is  the  name  of  the  other  estate,  and  is  that  on  the 
Pasig  River  also? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  other  is  the  San  Juan  del  Monte  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  Can  you  speak  of  the  size  of  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  can  not.     I  think  the  two  estates  are  adjoining. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  will  give  that  information  as  to  the  size  of  those 
estates. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Please  give  that  to  the  stenographer  to  insert  in  to- 
day's record. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(Mr.  Sleeper  subsequently  informed  the  clerk  that  the  acreage 
above  referred  to  was  390.) 

Mr.  Jones.  The  object  in  buying  these  lands  from  the  friars  was  to 
bring  about  a  state  of  tranquillity  in  the  islands.  Can  you  state  why 
these  valuable  agricultural  estates  were  not  included  in  the  purchase? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  can  not,  except  that  I  have  heard  they  would  not 
sell  them. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  refused  to  sell  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  my  understanding. 

Mr.  Jones.  There  was  some  agreement  entered  into  between  the 
then  governor  general  of  the  islands  and  the  Pope  at  Eome,  was  there 
not,  regarding  the  settlement  of  this  question  and  the  disposition  of 
all  these  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.  I  may  have  read  it,  but  I  do  not 
remember  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  do  know,  however,  that  when  the  time  came  to 
dispose  of  the  friar  hinds  to  the  I^hilippine  government,  the  friars 
refused  to  dispose  of  large  tracts  of  agricultural  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  whether  these  estates  could  hardly  be 
called  agricultural  lands. 

Mr.  Jones.  ITow  would  you  describe  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  pretty  poor  lands,  most  of  them,  from 
what  I  have  seen  of  them.  It  is. agricultural,  no  doubt,  down  on  the 
river.     There  are  town  lots  and  residences  in  the  towns,  of  course. 

Mr.  Jones.  AVould  you  not  say  that  this  Madeloyan  estate,  which 
is  near  Manila  and  right  on  the  Pasig  River,  was  among  the  most 
vahud)le  tracts  of  lands  in  the  Philippines? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  not  for  agricultural  purposes;  perhaps  for 
residence  purposes  it  is. 

Mr.  eloNES.  For  residential  purposes? 

Mr.  Sr.EEPER.  Yes;  or  manufacturing  purposes,  it  being  on  the 
Pasig  River. 

Mr.  Jones.  Still  it  is  rural  property? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  it  is. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  it  not  within  the  confines  of  any  town  or  city? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  353 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mo,  sir.  A  portion  of  it  absolutely  could  not  be  used 
for  agriculture. 

l^vlr.  Jones.  That  is  true  of  a  great  many  of  the  large  tracts  of  land 
in  the  Philippine  Ishmds,  is  it  not^ 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  could  not  give  us  any  idea  as  to  the  value  of  those 
estates  on  that  riv-er,  and  you  do  not  know  why  the  friars  refused  to 
part  with  that  property? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  sir. 

]\Ir.  Jones.  To  what  use  is  that  property  being  put  now? 

JMr.  Sleeper.  I  think  they  are  renting  it  out  and  trying  to  get  some 
rents  for  it  from  different  people. 

IMr.  Jones.  They  have  Filipino  tenants  on  that  property,  have  they 
not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Men  who  could  take  up  public  lands  and  pay  no  rents 
are  living  on  that  Land  and  paying  rent  to  the  friars  to-day? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  They  could  homestead  public  lands.  They 
are  having  considerable  difficulty  about  their  rents. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  think  the  friars  are  having  some  difficulty  in  the 
collection  of  rents  from  these  tenants? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  had. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  those  tracts  of  land  are  really  a  disturbing  ele- 
ment, since  tiicre  are  these  difficulties  about  the  collection  of  rents? 
Is  not  that  so? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  do  not  think  it  reaches  as  far  as  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  Could  you  tell  us  how  far  it  has  reached? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  only  knowledge  I  have  of  the  situation  is  the 
fact  that  some  of  the  friars  or  priests  have  told  me  they  wish  they 
could  run  their  estates  like  we  run  the  friar  estates,  subdividing  theiii 
up  to  lease  them  to  the  tenants,  and  get  along  as  well  as  we  have; 
because  the  trouble  that  we  first  had  with  the  tenants  has  passed 
by,  and  we  are  getting  along  very  amicably  with  them,  and  the}^  are 
pa^dng  their  rents  and  seem  to  be  very  well  satisfied  on  the  friar 
estates,  while  they  have  difficulty  in  collecting  their  rents. 

Mr.  JoiNES.  That  have  difficulty  because  they  pursue  some  different 
policy  from  the  policy  the  Government  piu'sues? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  presiune  so. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  mean  by  that  tliat  their  policy  is  less  liberal 
than  the  one  pursued  b}^  the  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  less  liberal,  and  I  think  the  people  that 
live  on  those  lands  do  not  like  to  pay — as  a  matter  of  sentunent  — 
rent  to  the  friars.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  on  those  portions  of  the 
Santa  Rosa  estate.  Avliich  were  reserved  by  the  Philijipirie  Sugar 
Estate  Development  Company,  there  is  now  considi  ral>le  afi:itafion 
over  the  pa^-ing  of  the  rents  that  they  ask  for  that  land,  which  is 
first-class  rice  land,  as  compared  to  the  rents  that  the  Govf^rnment 
charges.  I  have  seen  petitions  from  tliose  people — and  most  of  them 
are  also  tenants  on  the  Santa  Rosa  estate  and  have  been  allowed  to 
purchase — ^and  I  think  they  have  petitioned  the  legislature  to  be 
allowed  to  handle  that  land  in  the  same  way  the  friar  estates  were 
handled,  so  they  could  ultimately  get  the  titles. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand,  then,  that  some  of  these  lands  are  still 
retained  by  the  friars  and  are  very  fine  agricultural  lands? 


354  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Some  of  it  is;  yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  A  great  deal  better  land,  is  it  not,  than  the  land  we 
hare  been  speaking  of  to-day  as  sold  to  Mr.  Worcester  and  Mr.  Car- 
penter and  to  Mr.  Poole  and  others? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  As  to  Mr.  Carpenter  and  Mr.  Worcester,  it  is  very 
much  better  land — these  tracts.  There  are  some  of  them  irrigated 
tracts  of  rice  land. 

The  Chairman.  Which  is  better,  the  ones  the  f riarse  own  now  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  small  tracts  they  reserved  Avithin  these  estates. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  do  they  compare  with  the  lands  sold  to  Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.  I  think  they  are  very  much  better, 
because  they  are  available,  and  they  are  also  irrigated  at  the  present 
time,  and  his  land  was  not. 

Mr.  Jones.  Are  they  not  very  much  better  than  the  large  measure 
of  land  acquired  by  the  Philippine  Government  from  the  Filipinos? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  quite  understand  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  Are  they  not,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  great  deal  better 
lands  than  the  great  majority  of  the  lands  acquired  by  the  Philippine 
Government  from  the  friars? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  would  not  say  that.  Tlie  large  part  of  them 
would  run  in  about  the  same  condition.  We  have  a  great  deal  of  it 
just  as  good  as  they  have,  perhaps  better. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  proportion  would  you  say  of  the  lands  acquired 
by  the  Government  are  as  good  as  the  lands  retained  by  the  friars? 

JMr.  Sleeper.  Including  the  tw^o  Madeloyan  and  San  Juan  estates? 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  agricultural  purposes,  we  have  very  much  better 
lands  than  they  have,  if  you  include  those  tAvo  estates.  If  you  just 
take  the  parcels  of  hmd  that  they  have  reserved,  the  three  parcels  of 
any  side  or  four  parcels  in  the  Calamba  and  Santa  Rosa  estates,  we 
probably  have  10  times  as  much  land  just  as  good  as  or  better  than 
they,  right  in  those  estates  in  that  Province. 

Mr.  DonoLAS.  What  is  that  Province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Laguna. 

Mr.  Jo^ES.  The  lands  retained  by  the  friars,  however,  or  at  least 
those  you  have  mentioned,  you  said  were  irrigated? 

My.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  two  of  the  tracts  are  irrigated. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  are  all  being  cultivated,  are  tliey  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Santa  Kosa  reserve  tract  is  cultivated.  One  of 
the  tracts  in  the  Cahimba  estate  is  partially  cultivoted,  and  the  other 
one  they  are  cultivating  at  the  present  time,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Graham.  Was  not  this  reserved  land  in  the  Santa  Rosa  tract? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  There  was  one  tract  of  any  size  in  there  only,  and 
there  were  two  iu  the  Calamba  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  There  is  a  town  called  Calamba? 

Mr.  Sleerer.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  it  join  tlint? 

Mr.  See  I]  PER.  Yes,  sir:  it  is  all  around  that  town. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  yon  mean  all  around  that  township,  or  all  around 
that  particular  settlenuMit? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  entire  township  is  on  the  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  from  your  answers  to  my  questions,  Mr. 
Sleeper,  that  here  are  several  tracts  of  agricultural  land  still  owned 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  355 

by  the  friars,  lands  which  they  refused  to  sell  to  the  Government 
when  the  great  bulk  of  their  lands  were  purchased? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  as  I  understand  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  those  lands  are  now  held  by  them,  or  by  agents 
of  theirs  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  for  their  benefit? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  state  how  many  acres  are  included  in  those 
reservations  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  not  stated  it;  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Give  me  the  number  of  acres. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  supply  that.     I  do  not  have  it  in  my 
head. 

Mr.  Madison.  Approximately  how  much  is  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Fifteen  hundred  acres. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  all  they  have  reserved  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Fifteen  hundred  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 
^  Mr.  Madison.  That  is  of  all  the  lands  which  they  owned  at  the 
time  of  the  purchase  by  this  Government;  they  onlv  reserved  about 
1,500  acres? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  including  the  Madeloyan  and  San  Juan  estates. 

Mr.  Madison.  They  did  reserve,  those  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Those  are  large  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  tliink  they  are  large  estates,  but  I  do  not  know  the 
area  of  them ;  but  they  are  large  estates. 

Mr.  eToNES.  The  Madeloyan  estate  is  at  least  8,000  acres,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  judge  so. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  the  other  is  as  large? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  it  is  smaller.     How  large,  I  do  not  remem- 
ber. 

Mr.  Madison.  Assuming  it  is  as  large,  there  would  be  less  than 
20,000  acres  that  they  reserved  from  the  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  would  not  care  to  sa}^  until  I  look  the  matter  up. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  tlie  friars  still  on  'th(d  island? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I   think   the    friar    orders   have   representatives   in 
Manila  at  least;  I  have  seen  tliem. 

Mr.  Madison.  After  the  purchase  of  their  land,  did  the  majority 
of  the  friars  leave  the  island,  or  did  they  still  remain? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  most  of  them  left  tliere. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  have  any  idea  how  many  of  them  still  re- 
main of  these  friars  that  own  the  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  no  idea  whatever. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  there  any  political  or  ottier  difficulty  with  those 
friars  now — any  clash  with  them? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  None  that  I  know  of. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  can  say  the  object  of  the  purchase  has  in  fact 
been  accomplished? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  my  idea  of  it ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  name  of  those  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Madeloyan  and  San  Juan  del  Monte. 


356  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Just  where  are  those  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  adjoining  the  city  of  Manila  on  the  east. 
The  San  Juan  del  Monte  does,  at  any  rate,  and  that  is  joined  by  the 
Madeloyan  estate. 

Mr.  Graham.  Has  one  of  them  a  sugar  plantation  on  it  now,  or 
sugar  manufactory? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Graham.  Not  any? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Graham.  On  some  of  the  land  they  reserved  was  there  not  a 
large  sugar  interest? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  reserved  one  small  tract  of  land  that  had  a 
sugar  mill  on  it. 

Mr.  Graham.  Not  a  plantation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  those  lands  in  those  larger  estates  as  valuablCj 
that  are  adjacent  to  the  city  of  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  I  think  they  are. 

Mr.  Madison.  Quite  valuable? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  they  are  very  valuable. 

Mr.  Madison.  Are  there  a  great  many  towns  on  them  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Several  towns;  a  large  population. 

Mr.  Madison.  Really  a  portion  of  the  suburbs  of  the  city? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  answer  to  a  question  by  Mr.  Helm  awhile  ago, 
you  stated  there  had  been  something  over  8.000  applications  for  home- 
steads? 

Mr.  SixEEPER.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garkett.  That  was  up  to  July  1,  1910? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  there  have  been  something  over  3,000  granted  ? 

Mr.  Sleepp^r.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  we  understand  that  those  others  have  been  re- 
fused ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No.  sir;  not  altogether. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Can  you  state  how  many  have  been  refused? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  One  thousand  six  hundred  and  twenty-three  have 
been  rejected  or  canceled  or  withdrawn. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Have  those  cancellations  and  rejections  been  for 
dilFerent  reasons  in  each  specific  case? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes.  sir;  in  each  case. 

Mr.  Gakrett.  Then  there  is  no  general  reason  you  could  give  that 
w^ould  be  generally  applicable  to  those  rejections? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  there  is  no  general  reason.  There  are  all 
kinds  of  reasons. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Can  you  instance  some  of  the  more  common  of  the 
reasons — some  of  the  more  usual  reasons? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Noncompliance  with  the  law  in  many  instances,  not 
being  of  age,  or  not  being  legally  entitled  to  acquire  the  land  from 
some  cause  or  other.    That  is  one  of  the  causes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Tn  brief,  what  are  the  provisions  of  the  law?  Of 
course  we  can  read  it.  but  just  give  a  brief  statement  of  the  neces- 
sities. Have  you  there  some  acts  of  the  Philippine  Legislature  on 
the  subject? 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  357 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(Mr.  Hamilton  here  assumed  the  chair  temporarily.) 

Mr.  Garre^ft.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  do  not  want  to  encumber  the 
record,  but  would  it  not  be  a  good  idea  to  have  this  go  in  the  record? 
I  do  not  know  where  we  can  get  this  convenienth'.  I  suggest  that 
the  local  laws  there  applicable  be  printed  in  the  record  here;  those 
applicable  to  homesteading,  for  instance. 

Mr.  Hamilton  (chairman  pro  tempore).  Without  objection,  it  will 
be  so  ordered,  although  I  desire  to  say  to  the  committee  I  am  only  very 
temporarily  occupying  this  seat  of  honor.  The  chairman  is 'here; 
possibly  he  may  want  to  reconsider  the  action  of  the  committee. 

(The  chairman  again  assumed  the  chair.) 

The  Chairman.  What  is  before  the  committee? 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  suggested  the  advisability  of  printing  in  the  record 
the  local  laws  there  on  homesteading  of  public  hinds. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  a  copy  of  that  here,  Capt.  Sleeper? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  They  may  go  in  the  record  at  this  point,  if  there  is 
110  objection. 

(The  public  land  act  thus  referred  to  is  in  the  words  and  figures 
following,  to  wit:) 

The  Public  Land  Act  as  Amendid  by  Act  No.  979. 

[No.  926.] 

AN  ACT  Prescribing  rules  find  regulations  governing  the  homesteading,  selling,  and  leas- 
ing of  portions  of  the  public  domain  of  the  riiilijjpnio  Islands,  prescribing  terms  and 
conditions  to  enable  persons  to  perfect  their  titles  to  public  lands  in  said  islands,  pro- 
viding for  the  issuance  of  patents  without  compensation  to  certain  native  settlers  upon 
the  public  lands,  providing  for  the  establishment  of  town  sites  and  sale  of  lots  therein, 
and  providing  for  a  hearing  and  decision  by  the  court  of  land  registration  of  all  appli- 
cations for  the  completion  and  confirmation  of  all  imp(M-fect  and  incomplote  Spanish 
concessions  and  grants  in  said  islands,  as  authorized  by  sections  thirteen,  fourteen,  and 
fifteen  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  .Tuly  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  entitled  "  An 
act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in 
the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  purposes." 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  he  it  enacted  l)y  the  Philippine  Coniniission, 
that: 

Chapter   I. 

HOMESTEADS    ON    THE    PUBLIC    DOMAIN. 

Section  1.  Any  citizen  of  the  Philii)])ine  Islands,  or  of  the  Pnited  States,  or  of 
any  insular  possession  thereof,  over  the  a.^re  of  twenty-one  years,  or  tlie  liead  of 
a  family,  may,  as  hereinafter  provided,  enter  a  lioinestead  of  not  exceeding  six- 
teen hectares  of  nnoccn])ied,  unreserved,  unappropriated  a,c;ricn]tnral  pnhlic  land 
in  the  Philippuie  Islands,  as  defined  by  tlie  act  of  Coni^ress  of  July  first,  nineteen 
hundred  and  two,  entitled  "An  act  tem[)orarily  to  provide  for  the  administra- 
tion of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  iai  tlie  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other 
purposes,"  which  shall  be  taken,  if  on  surveyed  lands,  by  legal  subdivisions,  but 
if  on  unsurveyed  lands  shall  be  located  in  a  body  which  shall  be  as  nearly  as 
practicable  rectangular  in  sliape  and  not  more  than  eight  hundred  meters  in 
length  ;  but  no  person  wlio  is  tlie  owner  of  more  than  sixteen  hectares  of  laud 
in  said  islands  or  who  has  Inul  the  l)ei)ofits  of  any  gratuitous  allotment  of  six- 
teen hectares  of  land  since  the  accpiisition  of  the  islands  by  the  United  States 
shall  be  entitled  to  tlie  benefits  of  this  chapter. 

Sec.  2.  Any  person  applying  to  enter  land  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter 
shall  file  with  such  officer  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as  local  land  officer,  or 
in  case  tliere  be  no  such  officer,  then  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands,  an  application  under  oath  showing  that  he  has  the  cpialifications  re- 
quired under  section  one  of  tliis  chapter,  and  that  he  possesses  none  of  the  dis- 
qualifications there  mentioned:  that  such  application  is  made  for  his  exclusive 
use  and  benefit ;  that  the  same  is  made  for  the  purpose  of  actual  settlement  and 


358  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

cultivation,  and  not,  eitber  directly  or  indirectly,  for  the  use  or  benefit  of  any 
other  person,  persons,  corporation,  or  association  of  persons;  that  the  land 
api)]ied  for  is  nonniineral,  does  not  contain  valuable  deposits  of  coal  or  salts,  is 
more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry  purposes,  and  is  not  occupied  by 
any  other  person ;  and  showing  the  location  of  the  land  by  stating  the  province, 
municipality,  and  barrio  in  which  the  same  is  situated,  and  as  accurate  a  de- 
scription as  may  be  given,  showing  the  boundaries  of  the  land,  having  reference 
to  natural  objects  and  permanent  monuments,  if  any.  Upon  the  filing  of  said 
application  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  sunnnarily  determine, 
by  inquiry  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  forestry  and  from  the  available  land 
records,  whether  the  land  described  is  prima  facie  subject  under  the  law  to 
homestead  settlement,  and  if  he  shall  find  nothing  to  the  contrary  the  appli- 
cant, upon  the  payment  of  ten  pesos,  Philippine  currency,  shall  be  permitted  to 
enter  the  quantity  of  land  specified :  Provided,  however,  That,  at  the  option  of 
the  applicant,  payment  of  said  entry  fee  and  of  the  fee  prescribed  in  section 
three  hereof  may  be  made  in  five  annual  installments  of  four  pesos  each.  These 
payments  may  be  made  to  the  municipal  treasurer  of  the  locality,  who  in  turn 
shall  forward  to  the  provincial  treasurer  the  amounts  received  on  this  account. 
In  case  of  the  delinquency  of  the  applicant  in  the  payment  of  any  said  install- 
ments, thirty  days  after  having  become  delinquent  he  shall  lose  ipso  facto  his 
rights  to  the  land  in  question,  shall  not  be  entitled  to  the  reimbursement  of  the 
installments  which  he  may  have  paid,  and  the  land  shall  become  vacant  and 
open  to  entry  by  another. 

8eo.  3.  No  certificate  shall  be  given  or  patent  issued  for  the  land  applied  for 
until  the  expiration  of  five  years  from  the  date  of  the  filing  of  the  application; 
and  if,  at  the  expiration  of  such  time  or  at  any  time  within  three  years  there- 
after, the  person  filing  such  ai>plication  shall  prove  by  two  credible  witnesses  that 
he  has  resided  ui-on  and  cultivated  tlie  land  for  the  term  of  five  yea^^5  innne- 
(T'ately  succeeding  the  time  of  filing  the  application  aforesaid,  and  shall  make 
atlidavit  that  no  ]iavt  of  said  laud  has  been  aiiennted  or  encun]l>ered,  and  that 
he  has  borne  true  allegiance  to  the  Government  of  the  United  States  and  that 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  then,  upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  ten  ])esos,  Philippine 
currency,  to  such  officer  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as  local  land  officer,  or  in 
case  there  be  no  such  offieer,  then  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  he 
shall  be  entitled  to  a  i)atent:  Provided,  however,  That  in  the  event  of  the  death 
of  an  applicant  |)rior  to  the  issuance  of  a  ])atent  his  widow  shall  be  entitled  to 
have  a  patent  for  the  land  a]>])lied  for  issue  to  her  upon  showing  that  she  has 
consununated  the  requirements  of  law  for  homesteading  the  lands  as  above  set 
out;  and  in  case  the  applicant  dies  before  the  issuance  of  the  i)atent  and  does 
not  leave  a  widow,  tben  the  iiiterest  of  the  ap]>licant  in  the  laud  shall  descend 
and  i)atent  sball  issue  to  the  persons  who  mider  the  laws  of  the  Pl!i]ii)])ine 
Islands  would  have  taken  had  the  title  been  perfected  by  patent  befort^  the 
death  of  tlie  aiiplicant,  ujion  proof  by  the  persons  thus  entitled  of  compliance 
with  said  requirements  and  conditions. 

Sec.  3  fas  a  upended  by  Act  1SG4].  No  certificate  shall  be  given  or  patent 
issued  for  the  land  applied  for  until  the  expiration  of  five  years  from  the  date  of 
filing  of  the  applicati(^n  ;  and  if,  at  the  expiration  of  such  time  or  at  any  time 
within  three  years  thereafb^-  the  person  filing  such  ai)[)lication  shall  prove  by 
tw^o  credible  witnesses  that  he  has  resided  upon  the  land  for  the  last  two  years 
innnediately  i)receding  the  day  of  such  pi'oof,  and  cultivated  the  land  for  the 
term  of  five  years  immediately  succeeding  the  time  of  filing  the  application 
aforesaid,  and  shall  make  {rllidavit  that  no  part  of  said  land  has  been  alienated 
or  encmnbered,  and  tliat  he  has  borne  true  allegiance  to  the  Government  of 
the  United  States  and  that  of  the  Philip[)ine  Islands,  then,  upon  payment  of  a 
fee  of  U'n  pesos,  Philijjpine  currency,  or  upon  the  payment  of  the  last  of  the 
five  installments  |)rovided  for  in  section  two,  to  such  officer  as  may  be  desig- 
nated by  law  as  local  land  officer,  or  in  case  there  be  no  such  officer,  then  to  the 
director  of  lands,  he  shall  be  entitled  to  a  i)atent;  Provided,  hotcever,  That  in 
the  event  of  the  death  of  an  applicnnt  prior  to  the  issuance  of  a  patent  his 
widow  shall  be  entiiled  to  have  a  ])alent  for  the  land  applied  for  issue  to  her 
upon  showing  that  she  has  consununated  the  requirements  of  law  for  homestead- 
ing the  lands  as  above  set  out;  and  in  case  the  applicant  dies  before  the  issu- 
ance of  the  patent  and  does  not  leave  a  widow,  then  the  interest  of  the  appli- 
cant in  the  laud  shall  descend  and  patent  shall  issue  to  the  persons  who  under 
the  laws  of  the  Phili])pine  Lslands  would  have  taken  had  the  title  been  per- 
fected by  patent  before  the  death  of  the  applicant,  upon  proof  by  the  persons 
thus  entitled  of  compliance  with  said  requirements  and  conditions. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  359 

Sec.  4.  No  lands  acquired  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  in  any 
event  become  liable  to  the  satisfaction  of  any  debt  contracted  prior  to  the 
issuance  of  a  patent  therefor. 

Sec.  5.  If,  at  any  time  after  the  filings:  of  the  application  as  hereinabove  pro- 
Tided  and  before  the  expiration  of  the  period  allowed  by  law  for  the  niakini; 
of  final  proof,  it  is  proved  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands,  after  due  notice  to  the  homesteader,  that  the  land  entered  is  not 
under  the  law  subject  to  homestead  entry,  or  tliat  yie  homesteader  has  actually 
changed  his  residence,  voluntarily  abandoned  the  land  for  more  than  six  months 
at  any  one  time  during  the  two  years  of  residence  herein  requn-ed,  or  has  other- 
wise failed  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  law,  then  in  that  event  tlH» 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  may  cancel  the  entry,  subject  to  nppval 
under  proper  regulations  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  and  the  land  there- 
upon shah  become  subject  to  disposition  as  other  public  lands  of  like  character. 

Sec.  6.  Not  more  than  one  homestead  entry  shall  be  allowed  to  any  one 
person. 

Sec.  7.  F>efore  final  proof  shall  be  submitted  by  any  person  claiming  to  ha\e 
complied  with  the  provisi(^ns  of  this  chapter,  due  notice,  as  prescribal  by  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  ])ublic  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  ()f  the 
Interior,  shall  be  given  to  the  public  of  his  intention  to  make  sueii  proof, 
stating  therein  the  time  and  place,  and  giving  a  description  of  the  land  and 
the  names  of  the  witnesses  by  whom  it  is  expected  that  the  necessary  facts  will 
be  established. 

Sec.  8.  Any  person  may  file  an  affidavit  of  contest  against  any  honiestead 
entry,  charging  tliat  the  land  entered  was  not  unoccui)ied,  unreserved,  or  unap- 
propriated agricultural  land  at  the  time  of  filing  the  application,  alleging  dis- 
qualification of  the  entryman,  noncom])Hance  with  law  as  to  residence  or  culti- 
vation, or  any  other  matter  which,  if  proven,  w^ould  be  just  cause  for  the  can- 
cellation of  the  entry,  and  upon  successful  termination  of  the  contest,  the 
contestant,  if  a  qualified  entryman,  shall  be  allowed  a  preference  right  of  entry 
for  sixty  days  from  said  date. 

The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  or  any  public  official  becoming  aware 
of  the  existence  of  any  of  the  grounds  above  stated,  for  impeaching  or  canceling 
the  entry,  may  file  formal  comi)laint  against  the  entry  on  any  such  ground 
which,  if  proven,  shall  cause  the  cancellation  of  tlie  entry. 

Sicc.  9.  No  patent  shall  issue  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  until  the 
land  has  been  surveyed  under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands  and  an  accurate  plat  made  thereof,  the  cost  of  which  survey  shall  be 
borne  by  the  Insular  Government. 

CiT after  II, 

SAEES  OF  PORTIONS  OF  THE  PUBEIC  DOMAirT. 

Sec.  10.  Any  citizen  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  of  the  United  States,  or  of 
any  insular  jiossession  therefor,  or  any  cor])oration  or  like  association  of 
persons  or.t^anized  under  the  laws  of  the  rhini)j)ine  Islands  or  of  the  United 
^•tates  or  any  State,  Territory,  or  insular  possession  thereof,  and  authorized 
to  transact  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  may  purchase  any  tract  of 
unoccupied,  unapproi^riated,  and  unresin-ved  nonmineral  agricultural  ])nblic 
land  in  the  Philii)pine  Islands,  as  defined  in  the  Act  of  Congress  of  .Inly  first, 
nineteen  hundred  and  two,  not  to  exceed  sixteen  hectares  for  an  idi vidua  1  or 
one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  for  a  corporation  or  like  association, 
by  proceeding  as  herc^inafter  provided  in  this  chai)ter:  Prot'idcd,  That  jUo  asso- 
ciation of  persons  not  organized  as  above  and  no  mere  partnershii)  sliall  be 
entitled  to  purchase  a  greater  quantity  than  will  equal  sixteen  hectares  for  each 
member  thereof. 

Sec.  II.  Purchases  made  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  of  land  pre- 
vio^isly  surveyed  must  be  made  of  contiguous  legal  subdivisions.  All  lands 
purchased  hereunder,  whether  previously  surveyed  or  not,  in  case  the  tract 
sought  to  be  purchased  exceeds  sixty-four  hectares  in  area,  must  be  taken 
wherever  possible,  in  the  form  of  contiguous  squares  which  shall  contain  at 
least  sixty-four  liectares  each:  Provided,  That  in  connection  with  the  ])urcl]ase 
of  lands  in  one  or  more  tracts  of  sixty-four  hectares  there  may  be  purchased 
one  rectangular  tract  of  thirty-two  hectares,  the  longer  side  of  which  nuist  be 
contiguous  to  the  square  tract  of  sixty-four  hectares,  or  to  one  of  such  tracts  if 
more  than  one  be  purcl#ased.  In  no  case  may  lands  purchased  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  chapter  be  taken  in  such  manner  as  to  gain  any  such  control  of 


360  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   I^NDS. 

a!iy  adjacent  land,  water,  stream,  shore  line,  way,  roadstead,  or  other  valuable 
right  as  might  be  prejudicial  to  the  interests  of  the  public. 

Sp:c.  12.  An  application  to  purchase  land  under  this  chapter  must  be  filed 
with  such  officer  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as  local  land  officer,  or  in  case 
there  be  no  such  officer  then  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands.  It 
must  be  executed  uruler  oath  and  must  state  the  citizenship  of  the  applicant 
and  his  post-office  address;  the  location  of  the  land  desired,  stating  the  province, 
muulcipality,  and  barrio  in  which  the  same  is  situated,  and  as  accurate  a  de- 
scription as  can  be  given,  showing  the  boundaries  of  the  land,  having  reference 
to  natural  objects  and  permanent  monuments,  if  any;  a  statement  as  to  whether 
any  part  of  the  land  is  occupied  or  improved,  and  that  it  is  nonmineral  in 
character,  more  valuable  for  agicultural  than  for  forestry  purposes,  and  does 
not  contain  deposits  of  coal  or  salts.  The  application  of  a  cori)oration  must 
be  accompanied  by  a  certified  co])y  of  its  charter  or  articles  of  incorporation. 
All  unincorporated  association  must  show  that  its  members  are  severally  pos- 
sessed of  the  qualitications  above  required  of  individuals.  In  the  case  of  a  cor- 
poration or  association  organized  outside  of  the  rhi1ip[)ine  Islands  there  nuist 
be  attached  to  the  ap])lication  proper  documentary  evidence  thni  the  law  govern- 
ing the  transaction  of  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands  by  foreign  corporations 
or  associations  has  been  complied  with. 

8ec.  lo.  It  shall  be  tlie  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to 
examine  all  api)lications  to  purchase  under  this  chapter,  and  to  determine 
wliether  the  api)licant  has  the  qualifications  required  in  section  ten  thereof, 
and  from  the  certificate  of  the  cbief  of  the  bureau  of  forestry  to  determine 
whether  the  land  applied  for  is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  forestry 
purposes.  He  shall  re])ort  his  findings  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  who, 
after  proper  consideration  and  apiu'oval  of  same,  shall  order  the  sale  to  be 
made. 

It  shall  also  be  tlie  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lancl^  to  appraise 
the  laud  aj spiled  for  under  this  chapter,  wliieh  apj)rals('ment  shall  not  be  less 
than  ten  pesos.  Phili])pine  currency,  per  hectare,  and  in  making  this  appraisal 
he  may  call  to  his  assistance  any  provincial  or  nuiuicii)al  official  of  the  province 
in  which  tl;e  land  lies.  When  the  land  shall  have  been  appraised,  as  herein- 
above provided,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  advertise  the 
S!\me  for  sale  by  publishing  a  notice  thereof  once  a  Aveek  for  six  consc'cutive 
weeks  in  two  uewspai)ers,  one  published  at  Manila  and  the  other  (if  any  such 
there  be)  i)ul)lisl:ed  near  the  land  applied  for,  such  notices  to  be  pul)lished  in  both 
the  Kuglish  and  Spanish  languages.  The  chic^f  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall, 
with  tlH^  a])proval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  prescribe,  in  addition  to 
the  publication  in  newspapers,  a  suitable  method  of  posting  notice  upon  the 
land  sought  to  be  purcluised  or  in  the  pueblo  where  the  land  is  situated.  The 
notices  shall  state  a  dnte  not  earlier  than  ten  days  after  the  date  of  the  last 
publication  of  the  notice  in  the  nevrspaper  published  at  Manila,  upon  which 
date  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  will  award  the  land  to  the  highest 
bidder,  or  will  call  for  new  bids,  or  otherwise  proceed  as  provided  by  law. 

Sec.  14.  All  bids  must  be  sealed  and  addressed  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands,  and  must  have  inclosed  therewith  a  certified  check  or  a  post-office 
money  order  payable  to  his  order,  for  twenty-five  per  centum  of  the  amoinit 
of  the  bid,  which  amount  shall  be  retained,  in  case  the  bid  is  accepted,  as  part 
payment  of  the  purchase  price:  Provided,  That  no  bids  shall  be  considered 
which  are  for  less  than  the  appraised  value  of  the  land. 

Sec.  15.  Upon  the  opening  of  the  bids  the  land  shall  be  awarded  to  the  high- 
est bidder.  If  there  are  two  or  more  bidders  which  are  higher  than  other 
bidders  and  are  equal,  and  one  of  such  higher  and  equal  bids  is  the  bid  of  the 
applicant,  his  bid  shall  be  accepted.  If,  however,  the  bid  of  the  applicant  is 
not  one  of  such  equal  and  higher  bids,  then  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands  shall  at  once  submit  the  lands  for  public  bidding,  and  to  the  person  mak- 
ing the  highest  bid  on  such  public  auction  the  land  shall  be  awarded,  but  no  bid 
received  at  such  public  auction  shall  be  finally  accepted  until  the  bidder  shall 
have  deposited  twenty-five  per  centum  of  his  bid,  as  required  in  section  four- 
teen. The  deposits  of  all  unsuccessful  bidders  shall  be  returned  at  once  by  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands.  The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands. 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  shall  have  authority  to  reject 
any  and  all  bids  hereunder. 

Sec.  16.  Land  sold  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  must  be  paid  for  in 
the  following  manner :  The  balance  of  the  purchase  price  after  deducting  the 
amount  paid  by  check  or  post-office  money  order  at  the  time  of  submitting  the 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  361 

bid,  may  be  paid  in  full  iiiK)n  tho  ninking  of  the  award,  or  may  be  paid  in 
equal  annual  installments,  or  may  be  paid  in  one  installment  at  the  expiration 
of  five  years  from  the  date  of  the  award.  All  sums  remaining  unpaid  after 
date  of  the  award  shall  bear  six  per  centum  interest  per  annum  from  such 
date  until  paid. 

Sec.  17.  No  patent  shall  issue  under  the  i)rovisions  of  this  chapter  until  the 
land  has  been  surveyed  under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands  and  an  accurate  plat  made  thereof.  The  cost  of  such  survey  uuist 
be  borne  by  the  purchaser,  if  a  cori)oration  or  like  association,  aud  if  the  sur- 
vey be  made  in  advance  of  the  regular  surveys  of  the  islands;  but  where  the 
purchaser  is  an  individual  the  cost  of  the  survey  shall  be  borne  by  tlie  Insular 
Govei'nment.  Patents  shall  not  issue  until  after  the  exinration  of  five  years 
from  the  date  of  the  award,  and  before  the  same  shall  issue  tlie  purchaser  nuist 
show  actual  occupancy,  cultivation,  and  imi)rovement  of  the  premises  for  a 
period  of  five  years  immediately  succeeding  the  date  of  the  award,  and  that 
he  has  not  sold  the  land  or  in  any  manner  encmnbered  the  title. 

Sec.  18.  If  at  any  time  after  the  date  of  the  award  and  before  the  issuance 
of  patent  it  is  proven  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands,  after  due  notice  to  tiae  purchaser,  that  the  purchaser  has  voluntarily 
abandoned  the  land  for  more  than  one  year  at  any  one  time,  or  has  otherwise 
failed  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the  law,  then  the  land  shall  revert 
to  the  Government  and  all  prior  payments  of  purchase  money  shall  be  forfeited. 

Sec.  19.  This  chapter  shall  be  held  to  authorize  only  one  purchase  of  the 
maximum  amount  of  land  liereunder  by  the  same  person,  or  by  the  same  corpora- 
tion or  association  of  persons;  and  no  corporation  or  association,  any  member 
of  which  shall  have  taken  the  benefits  of  this  chapter,  either  as  an  individual 
or  as  a  member  of  any  other  corporation  or  association,  shall  purchase  any 
other  public  lands  under  this  chapter. 

vSec.  20.  In  the  event  of  the  death  of  an  individual  ai^plicant  subsequent  to 
the  date  of  the  filing  of  the  application  and  iirior  to  the  issuance  of  patent, 
the  distributees  of  his  estate,  as  defined  by  law,  may  claim  the  privilege  ot 
being  subrogated  to  the  rights  of  the  dec(\-;sed  applicant,  and  if  they  consum- 
mate the  requirements  of  law  for  purchasing  land  hereunder,  patent  shall 
issue  to  such  distributees. 

Sic.  21.  If  any  land  applied  for  under  the  i)rovisions  of  this  chapter  shtill 
be  actually  occupied  by  any  person  who  is  qualified  to  make  a  homestead  or 
other  entry  under  the  public-land  laws  of  the  Pliili])pine  Islands,  or  by  any 
native  w^ho  is  entitled  by  law  to  a  free  i)atent,  such  person  sliall  be  personally 
served  with  notice  as  to  his  rights,  and  shall  be  allowed  a  preference  right  of 
one  hundred  and  twenty  days  within  which  to  make  entry  or  apply  for  i)atent. 

Chapter  III. 

leases  of  portions  of  the  public  domain. 

Sec.  22.  Any  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  of 
any  insular  possession  of  the  United  States,  or  any  corporation  or  association 
of  persons  oi'ganized  under  the  Uuvs  of  the  Philiinnue  Islands,  or  of  the  United 
States,  or  of  any  State,  Territory,  or  insular  i>ossession  thereof,  authorizcHl  by 
the  hnvs  of  its  creation  and  by  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  the  acts 
of  Congress  api)licable  thereto  to  transact  business  in  the  PJiilip]»ine  Islands, 
may  lease  any  tract  of  unoccupied,  unreserved,  nonmineral  agricultural  i)ublic 
lands,  as  defined  by  sections  eighteen  and  twenty  of  the  act  of  Congress  ap- 
proved July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  providing  a  temporary  g<v\ern- 
ment  for  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  so  forth,  not  exceeding  one  thousand  and 
twenty-four  hectares,  by  proceeding  as  hereinafter  in  this  chapter  indicated; 
Provided,  That  no  lease  shall  be  })erm!tted  to  interfere  with  any  prior  claim 
by  settlement  or  occupation  mitil  the  consent  of  the  occupant  €>r  settler  is  first 
had  and  obtained,  or  until  such  claim  shall  be  legally  extinguislied  :  .1//'/  pro- 
vided further,  That  no  corporation  or  association  of  persons  shall  be  permitted 
to  lease  lands  hereunder  which  are  not  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to 
carry  on  the  business  for  which  it  was  lawfully  created  and  which  it  may 
lawfully  pursue  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Sec.  23.  Leases  made  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  of  land  previously 
surveyed,  must  be  made  of  contiguous  legal  subdivisions.  All  lands  leased 
hereunder,  whether  previously  survey<Hl  or  not,  in  case  the  tract  sought  to  be 
biased  exceeds  sixty-four  hectares  in  area,  must  be  taken  where  possible  in  the 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 27 


362  ADMINISTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

form  of  contiguous  squares,  which  shall  contain  at  least  sixty-four  hectares 
each:  P7'oridcd,  That  in  connection  with  the  lease  of  lands  in  one  or  more 
tracts  of  sixty-fonr  hectares  there  may  be  leased  one  rectangular  tract  of 
thirty-two  hectares,  the  longer  side  of  which  must  be  contiguous  to  tlie  sciuare 
tract  of  sixty-four  hectares,  or  to  one  of  sucli  tracts  if  more  tlian  one  be  leased. 
In  no  case  may  lands  leased  under  the  proNisions  of  this  chapter  be  taken  so 
as  to  gain  a  control  of  adjacent  land,  water,  stream,  shore  line,  way,  roadstead,, 
or  other  valuable  right  which  in  the  opinion  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public 
lands  would  be  prejudicial  to  the  interests  of  the  i)iibJlc. 

Skc.  24.  An  application  to  lease  land  under  this  chapter  must  be  executed 
imder  oath  and  tiled  with  such  othcei-  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as  local 
land  ofticer  of  the  district  in  which  the  land  is  situated,  or  in  case  there  be 
no  such  olhcer  then  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lauds,  and  must 
show  the  following  facts:  The  citizenship  and  post-ottice  address  of  the  appli- 
cant; tlie  location  of  the  land,  showing  the  province,  municipality,  and  barrio 
in  whicli  tlie  same  is  situated,  and  as  accurate  a  description  as  may  be  given, 
showiiig  the  boundaries  of  the  land,  having  reference  to  natural  objects  and 
permanent  monuments,  if  any ;  a  statement  as  to  whether  the  land  contains 
any  improvements  or  evidences  of  settlement  and  cultivation,  and  a  statement 
that  it  is  nonmineral  in  character,  more  valuable  for  agricTiltural  than  for 
forestry  purposes,  and  does  not  contain  deposits  of  coal  or  salts.  Cor[)orations 
and  associations  shall  be  required  to  file  evidence  of  their  legal  existence  and 
authority  to  transact  business  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Sec.  25.  All  applicants  for  leases  under  the  terms  of  this  chapter  must  give 
notice,  by  publication  and  by  such  otlier  means  as  may  be  required  by  the  chief 
of  the  bni-eau  of  public  lands,  w^ith  the  api)roval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
of  intent  to  make  ai)plication  to  lease  the  tract  in  question,  which  notice  shall 
slate  the  date  when  the  application  will  be  presented  and  shall  describe  as 
definitely  as  practicable  the  land  sought  to  be  leased. 

Sec.  26.  It  shall  be  the  duty  (^f  tlie  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to 
examine  all  applications  for  leases  under  this  chapter,  and  to  determine 
whether  the  applicant  has  the  qualifications  required  in  stn^tion  twenty-two 
hereof,  and,  from  the  certificate  of  tlie  chief  of  the  bureau  of  forestry,  to  deter- 
mine wdiether  the  land  applied  for  is  more  valuable  for  agricultural  than  for- 
estry pin-poses,  and  further  sunnnarily  to  determine  from  available  records 
whether  the  land  is  nonmineral  and  does  not  contain  deposits  of  coal  or  salts. 
He  shall  report  his  findings  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  who,  after  ju'oper 
consideration  a>nd  api)roval  of  the  same,  shall  cause  the  lease  to  b(^  executed. 

Sec.  27.  The  rate  i)er  hectare  per  ammm  for  lands  leased  imdi^r  this  cliapter 
shall  be  fixed  by  the  cliief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of 
the  Secn^tary  of  the  interior,  and  shall  in  no  case  be  less  than  fifty  ceniavos, 
Philip])ine  currency,  ])er  hectare  per  annum;  said  rent  shall  be  paid  yearly  in 
advance,  the  first' p;\yment  being  deposited  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands  before  the  delivery  of  the  lease. 

Sec.  28.  Leases  hereunder  shall  run  for  a  period  of  not  more  than  twenty- 
five  years,  but  may  be  renewed  for  a  second  period  of  twenty-five  years,  at  a 
ratq  to  be  fixed  as  above  imlicated,  which  rate  shall  not  be  less  than  fifty 
cent*avos  per  hectare  and  shall  not  exceed  oue  peso  and  fifty  centavos,  Phili])- 
pine  curreucv,  i)er  hectare.  Land  leased  hereunder  sliall  not  be  assigned  or 
sublet  without  the  consent  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  and  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

Sec  29.  No  land  sliall  be  leased  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  until 
the  land  has  been  surveyed  imder  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands  and  an  accurate  plat  made  thereof,  the  cost  of  survey  to  be  borne 
bv  the  lessee. 

'  Sec.  30.  The  lease  of  any  lands  under  this  cha])ter  sliall  not  coTifer  the  right 
to  remove  or  dispose  of  any  valuable  timber  excei)t  as  provided  in  regulations 
of  the  bureau  of  foj-estry  for  cutting  timber  upon  such  lands.  Nor  shall  such 
lease  confer  the  right  to  rcnnove  or  dispose  of  stone,  oil,  coal,  salts,  or  other 
minerals,  but  the  lease  as  to  the  part  thereof  which  shall  be  mineral  may  be 
canceled  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  ai)i)ro\'al  of  the 
Secretary  of  tlie  Interior,  whenever  the  mineral  character  of  such  [lart  shall 
be  made" satisfactorily  to  api)ear,  after  due  notice  to  the  lessee. 

Sec  'H.  The  commission  of  waste  or  the  violation  of  the  forestry  regulations 
by  the  lessee  shall  work  a  forfeiture  of  his  last  payment  of  rent  and  render 
him  iial)le  to  immeiliate  dispossession  and  suit  for  damage. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  3G3 

ClIArTEIl   IV, 
FREE    PATENTS    TO    NATIVE    SETTLERS. 

Sec.  32.  Any  native  of  the  Pliilippine  Islancjs  nov^  an  occupant  and  cultivator 
of  unreserved,  unappropriated  agricultural  public  land,  as  defined  by  the  act 
of  Congress  of  July  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  who  has  continuously 
occupied  and  cultivated  such  land,  either  by  himself  or  through  his  ancestors 
since  August  first,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight ;  or  who,  i)rior  to  August 
first,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  continuously  occupied  and  cultivated 
such  land  for  three  years  immediately  prior  to  said  date,  and  who  has  been 
continuously  since  July  fourth,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  until  the  date  of 
the  taking  effect  of  this  act,  an  occupier  and  cultivator  of  such  land,  shall  be 
entitled  to  have  a  ])atent  issued  to  him  without  compensation  for  such  tract  of 
land,  not  exceeding  sixteen  hectares,  as  hereinafter  in  this  chapter  provided. 

Sec.  33.  Any  person  desiring  to  obtain  the  benefits  of  this  chai)ter  must,  prior 
to  January  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  seven,  file  an  application  for  a  patent 
with  such  officer  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as  local  land  officer,  or  in  case 
there  be  no  such  ofiicer  then  with  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands.  Said 
application  must  be  executed  under  oath  and  must  show  tlie  following  facts: 
The  name,  age,  and  post-ottice  address  of  the  applicant;  that  he  is  a  native  of 
the  Philippine  Islands;  the  location  of  the  land  desired,  stating  the  province, 
municipality,  and  barrio  in  wdiich  the  same  is  situated,  and  as  accurate  a  de- 
scription as  may  be  given,  showing  the  boundaries  of  the  land,  having  reference 
to  natural  objects  and  permanent  monuments,  if  any ;  that  the  land  is  not 
claimed  or  occupied  by  any  other  person;  a  statement  as  to  the  date  when  the 
applicant  or  his  ancestor,  giving  the  name  of  ancestor  and  stating  his  relation- 
ship to  the  api)licant,  entered  into  occupntion  and  begun  cultivation,  and  a  de- 
scription of  the  imiJrovements  which  have  been  made.  If  the  first  occui)ation  and 
cultivation  is  claimed  through  an  ancestor,  the  applicant  must  show  the  name 
of  such  ancestor  and  must  file  satisfactory  evidence  of  the  date  and  place  of 
his  death  and  burial,  in  which  case  the  patent  shall  issue  in  the  name  of  the 
heir  or  heirs  of  such  ancestor  as  deilned  by  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Lslands. 

Sec.  34.  Upon  receipt  of  said  application  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief 
of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to  cause  a  careful  investigation  to  be  made  in 
such  manner  as  he  shall  deem  necessary  for  the  ascertainment  of  tlu^  truth 
of  the  allegations  therein  contained,  and  if  satisfied  upon  such  investigation 
that  the  applicant  comes  within  the  provisions  of  this  chapt/}r,  he  shall  cause 
a  patent  to  issue  for  the  tract  to  such  ap'plicant,  or  to  tlie  heirs  of  his  ancestor, 
as  provided  in  the  next  preceHing  section,  not  exceeding  sixteen  hectares  in 
extent:  Provided,  That  no  application  shall  be  finally  acted  upon  until  notice 
thereof  has  been  published  in  the  municipality  and  barrio  in  which  the  land  is 
located  and  adverse  claimants  have  had  an  opi)ortunity  to  i)resent  their  claims  : 
And  provided  furiher,  That  no  patent  shall  issue  until  the  land  has  been  sur- 
veyed under  the  direction  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  and  an 
accurate  plat  made  thereof. 

Sec.  35.  Lands  acquired  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall  be  inalien- 
able and  shall  not  be  subject  to  incumbrance  for  a  period  of  seven  years  from 
the  date  of  the  issuance  of  the  patent  therefor,  and  shall  not  be  liable  for  the 
satisfaction  of  any  debt  contracted  prior  to  the  expiration  of  that  period. 

Chapter  V. 

TOWN    SITES. 

Sec.  30.  Whenever  in  the  opinion  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  it  shall  be 
in  the  public  interest  to  reserve  a  town  site  from  the  public  land  or  to  aecpiire 
lands  for  such  i)uri)ose  by  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  eminent  domain,  he 
shall  direct  the  chief  of  tiie  bureau  of  public  lands  to  hav(>  such  a  survey  of 
the  exterior  boundaries  of  the  land  which  he  deems  it  wise  so  to  reserve  or 
acquire. 

Sec.  37.  Upon  tlie  completion  and  return  of  the  survey  mentioned  in  section 
thirty-six,  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  forward  the  same  to  the  Philip- 
pine Commission  with  his  recommendations. 

Sec.  38.  The  commission,  if  it  approve  the  recommendations  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  shall  pass  a  resolution  reserving  the  land  surveyed,  or  such 


864  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

part  thereof  as  it  may  deem  wise,  as  a  town  site,  and  a  certified  copy  of  such 
resolution  shall  be  sent  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  who  shall 
record  the  same  in  the  records  of  his  office  and  forward  a  certified  copy  of 
such  record  to  the  registrar  of  the  province  in  which  the  surveyed  land  lies. 

Sec.  89.  It  shall  then  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands, 
having  recorded  the  resolution  of  the  commission  and  the  preliminary  survey 
accompanying  the  same,  to  direct  a  subdivision  and  plat  of  the  land,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  directions  contained  in  the  resolution  approving  the  same,  if 
such  resolution  contained  directions  as  to  the  method  of  subdivision,  or,  if  it 
contain  no  such  direction,  then  in  a  manner  which  shall  to  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands  seem  best  adapted  to  the  convenience  and  interest  of  the 
public  and  the  residents  of  the  future  town. 

Sec.  40.  The  commission,  by  resolution,  or  in  the  absence  of  action  in  this 
regard  by  the  commission,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  shall  reserve 
from  the  land  to  be  plotted,  lots  of  sufficient  size  and  convenient  situation  for 
public  uses,  as  well  as  the  necessary  avenues,  streets,  alleys,  parks,  and  plazas. 

Sec.  41.  The  plat  of  the  subdivision  shall  designate  certain  lots  as  business 
lots  and  the  remainder  as  residence  lots,  and  shall  also  reserve  and  note  the 
lots  of  land  owned  by  private  individuals  as  evidenced  by  record  titles,  or  as 
possessed  and  claimed  by  them  as  private  property:  Provided,  hoiDCver,  That 
the  avenues,  streets,  alleys,  parks,  plazas,  and  lots  shall  be  laid  out  on  the 
plat  as  though  the  lands  owned  or  claimed  by  private  i)ersons  were  part  of  the 
public  domain  and  part  of  the  reservation,  with  a  view  to  the  i)ossible  subse- 
quent purchase  or  condemnation  thereof,  if  deemed  necessary  by  the  proper 
authorities. 

kSec.  42.  All  lots,  whether  public  or  private,  contained  in  the  exterior  bound- 
aries sliall  be  plotted  and  numbered  upon  a  general  i)lan  or  system. 

Sec.  4H.  The  plat  of  the  subdivision  of  the  reserve  town  site  thus  prepared 
under  the  supervision  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  for  presentation  to  the  commission  for 
its  consideration,  modification,  amendment,  or  approval. 

^PQ^  44.  The  resolution  of  the  commission  approving  the  plat  shall  provide 
whether  the  proceeds  derived  from  the  sale  of  lots  shall  be  covered  into  the  in- 
sular treasury  as  general  insular  funds,  or  as  a  special  fund  to  be  devoted  to 
j)ublic  improvements  in  or  near  the  town  site,  and  thereafter  the  receipts  from 
tbe  sale  of  lots  shall  be  applied  as  provided  in  the  resolution  of  the  commission. 

Sec.  45.  Where  the  i)roceeds  of  the  sale  are  to  constitute  a  fund  to  be  devoted 
to  public  improvements  in  or  near  the  town  site,  the  same  shall  be  expended 
as  provided  by  law  or  resolution  of  the  commission. 

Sec.  46.  When  the  plat  of  subdivision  is  approved  by  the  commission  it  shall 
be  certified  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  together  with  the  resolu- 
tion approving  the  same,  and  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall 
record  the  saipe  in  the  records  of  his  office  and  shall  forward  a  certified  copy 
of  such  record  to  the  registrar  of  the  province  in  which  the  land  lies,  to  be  by 
such  registrar  recorded  in  the  records  of  his  office. 

Sec  47.  All  lots  except  those  claimed  by  or  belonging  to  private  owners  and 
claimants  and  excepting  such  lots  and  tracts  as  may  be  reserved  for  parks, 
I)ublic  buildings,  and  other  public  uses,  shall  be  sold  under  the  direction  of  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  as  hereinafter  in  this  chapter  provided,  and 
the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Interior,  shall  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  for  the  disposal  of  lots 
hereunder. 

Sec.  48.  All  lots  in  the  reservation  which  are  subject  to  sale  as  above  pro- 
vided, shall,  if  in  the  opinion  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  the  value  of  the 
lots  is  suthciently  known  to  make  an  appraisement  useful,  be  appraised  by  a 
committee  to  be  appointed  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the 
approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

Sec.  49.  The  lots  in  any  such  town  site  thus  established  and  subject  to  sale, 
shall,  after  the  approval  and  recording  of  the  plat  of  subdivision  as  above 
provided,  and  after  due  advertisement,  be  sold  at  public  auction  to  the  highest 
bidder;  but  no  bid  shall  be  accepted,  in  case  of  appraised  lots,  if  the  bid  does 
not  equal  two-thirds  of  the  appraised  value,  and  in  the  case  of  lots  not  appraised 
the  bid  shall  not  be  accepted  if  in  the  judgment  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of 
public  lands  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  the  bid  is  an  inadequate  price 
for  the  lot. 

Sec.  50.  Not  more  than  two  residence  lots  and  two  business  lots  in  any  one 
town  site  shall  be  sold  to  any  one  person,  corporation,  or  association  without 
the  specific  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  365 

Sec.  51.  Lots  which  have  been  offered  for  sale  in  the  manner  herein  pre- 
scribed, and  for  which  no  satisfactory  bid  has  been  received,  shall  be  again 
offered  for  sale  after  due  advertisement,  and  if  at  the  second  sale  no  satisfac- 
tory bid  is  received,  they  may  be  sold  at  private  sale  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau 
of  public  lands  for  not  less  than  their  value,  as  appraised  by  a  committee  to  be 
appointed  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  with  the  approval  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

Skc.  52.  In  any  case  in  which,  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission,  it  shall  be 
necessary  to  condemn  private  lands  within  the  reserved  or  proposed  limits  of  a 
town  site,  either  for  streets,  alleys,  parks,  or  as  lots  for  public  buildings  or  other 
public  uses,  the  commission  shall  pass  a  resolution  declaring  the  necessity  for  the 
same,  which  resolution  shall  be  certified  to  the  Attorney  General,  who  shall  at 
once  begin  proceedings  for  the  condemnation  of  the  lands  described  in  the  reso- 
lution, in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure, 

Sec.  53.  Town  sites  constituted  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter  on  land 
forming  a  part  of  an  exit^ting  municipality  shall  remain  within  the  .iurisdiction 
of  such  municipality  until  taken  therefrom  by  legislative  action  of  the  com- 
mission. 

Chapter  VI. 

UNPERFECTED   TITLES    AND    SPANISH    GRANTS   AND    CONCESSIONS. 

Sec.  54.  The  following-described  persons  or  their  legal  successors  in  right, 
occupying  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  claiming  to  own  any  such 
lands  or  an  interest  therein,  but  whose  titles  to  such  lands  have  not  been  per- 
fected, may  apply  to  the  court  of  land  registration  of  the  Philippine  Islands  for 
confirmation  of  their  claims  and  the  issuance  of  a  certificate  of  title  therefor 
to  wit : 

1.  All  persons  who  prior  to  the  transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the 
United  States  had  fulfilled  all  the  conditions  required  by  the  Spanish  laws  and 
royal  decrees  of  the  Kingdom  of  Spain  for  the  purchase  of  public  lands,  includ- 
ing the  payment  of  the  purchase  price,  but  who  failed  to  secure  formal  con- 
veyance of  title ; 

2.  All  persons  who  prior  to  the  transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the 
United  States,  having  applied  for  the  purchase  of  public  lands  and  having 
secured  a  survey,  auction,  and  an  award,  or  a  right  to  an  award,  of  such  lands, 
did  not  receive  title  therefor  through  no  fault  upon  their  part: 

3.  All  persons  who  prior  to  the  transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the 
United  States,  having  applied  for  the  purchase  of  public  lands  and  having 
secured  a  survey  and  award  of  same,  did  not,  through  negligence  upon  their 
part,  comply  with  the  conditions  of  full  or  any  payment  therefor,  but  who  after 
such  survey  and  award  shall  have  occupied  the  land  adversely,  except  as  pre- 
vented by  war  or  force  majeure,  until  the  taking  effect  of  this  act; 

4.  All  persons  who  were  entitled  to  apply  and  did  apply  for  adjustment  or 
composition  of  title  to  lands  against  the  Government  under  the  Spanish  laws 
and  royal  decrees  in  force  prior  to  the  royal  decree  of  February  thirteenth, 
eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-four,  but  who  failed  to  receive  title  therefor 
through  no  default  upon  their  part; 

5.  All  persons  who  were  entitled  to  a  gratuitous  title  to  public  lands  by 
"  possessory  proceedings  "  under  the  provisions  of  articles  nineteen  and  twenty 
of  the  royal  decree  of  the  King  of  Spain  issued  February  thirteenth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety-four,  and  who,  having  complied  with  all  the  conditions 
therein  required,  failed  to  receive  title  therefor  through  no  default  upon  their 
part ;  and 

6.  All  persons  who  by  themselves  or  their  predecessors  in  interest  have  been 
in  the  open,  continuous,  exclusive,  and  notorious  possession  and  occupation  of 
agricultural  public  lands,  as  defined  by  said  act  of  Congress  of  July  first,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  two,  under  a  bona  fide  claim  of  ownership  except  as  against 
the  Government,  for  a  period  of  ten  years  next  preceding  the  taking  effect  of 
this  act,  except  when  prevented  by  war  or  force  majeure,  shall  be  conclusively 
presumed  to  have  performed  all  the  conditions  essential  to  a  Government  grant 
and  to  have  received  the  same,  and  shall  be  entitled  to  a  certificate  of  title  to 
such  land  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter. 

All  applicants  for  lands  under  paragraphs  one,  two,  three,  four,  and  five  of 
this  section  must  establish  by  proper  otlicial  records  or  documents  that  such 
proceedings  as  are  therein  required  were  taken  and  the  necessary  conditions 
complied  with :  Provided,  Jiowever,  That  such  requirements  shall  not  apply  to 
the  fact  of  adverse  possession. 


866  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Sec.  55.  All  persons  claiming  title  to  Government  lands  not  coming  within 
the  classes  specified  in  the  preceding  section  are  excluded  from  the  benefits  of 
this  chapter. 

Sec.  56.  Any  person  or  persons,  or  their  legal  representatives  or  sucessors  in 
right,  claiming  any  lands  or  interest  in  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chai)ter,  and  who  now  desire  or  claim  the  right  to  have 
such  title  perfected,  must  in  every  case  present  an  application  in  writing  to  the 
court  of  land  registration  praying  that  the  validity  of  the  alleged  title  or  claim 
be  inquired  into  and  that  a  certificate  of  title  issue  to  them  under  the  provisions 
of  the  land  registration  act  for  the  lands  claimed. 

Sec.  57.  Such  claims  and  applications  shall  conform  as  nearly  as  may  be  in 
their  material  allegations  to  the  requirements  of  an  application  for  registration 
under  the  provisions  of  section  twenty-one  and  subsequent  sections  of  the  land 
registration  act,  and  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  and  all  docu- 
ments evidencing  a  right  on  the  part  of  the  applicant  to  the  land  claimed.  The 
application  shall  also  set  forth  fully  the  nature  of  the  claim  to  the  land,  and 
when  ba§ed  upon  proceedings  initiated  under  Spanish  laws  shall  particularly 
state  the  date  and  form  of  the  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or  order  of  survey 
under  which  the  claim  is  made;  by  whom  such  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or 
order  of  survey  was  made;  the  extent  of  the  compliance  wnth  the  conditions 
required  by  the  Spanish  law^s  and  royal  decrees  for  the  acquisition  of  legal 
title,  and  if  not  fully  complied  with  the  reason  for  such  noncompliance,  to- 
gether with  a  statement  of  the  length  of  time  such  land  or  any  portion  thereof 
has  been  actually  occupied  by  the  claimant  and  his  predecessors  in  interest;  the 
use  made  of  the  land,  and  the  nature  of  the  inclosure,  if  any.  The  fees  pro- 
vided to  be  paid  for  the  registration  of  lands  under  the  land  registration  act 
shall  be  collected  from  applicants  under  this  chapter,  except  that  upon  the 
original  registration  of  land  claimed  hereunder  no  fee  shall  be  required  for 
the  assurance  fund. 

Sec.  58.  Any  applicant  for  registration  of  lands  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  may,  upon  petition  directed  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands, 
and  upon  payment  of  the  fees  as  regulated  by  law,  secure  a  survey  and  phm 
of  the  lands  claimed  to  be  owned  by  him,  which  said  plan  shall  be  filed  with 
his  ai)plication  in  the  court  of  land  registration. 

Sec.  59.  Upon  the  filing  of  claims  and  applications  for  registration  in  the 
court  of  land  registration,  under  this  chapter,  the  same  procedure  shall  be 
adopted  in  the  hearing  of  such  cases  and  in  the  matter  of  appeal  as  is  by 
the  land  registration  act  provided  for  other  claims,  except  that  a  notice  of  all 
such  applications,  together  with  a  plan  of  the  lands  claimed,  shall  be  imme- 
diately forwarded  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  who  shall  be  represented  in  all  questions  arising  upon  the  consideration 
of  such  ai)])lications  by  the  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  or  by 
any  subordinate  or  assistant  to  the  attorney  general  appointed  for  that  purpose. 

Sec.  go.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  examhier  of  title,  upon  reft^rence  to  him 
of  any  such  claim  or  application,  to  investigate  all  the  facts  alleged  therein 
or  otherwise  brought  to  his  attention,  and  to  make  careful  inquiry  as  to  the 
period  of  occupation  of  the  land  by  the  claimant  or  his  predecessors  in  interest; 
the  nature  of  such  lands ;  the  character  of  the  inclosure,  if  any,  and  the  extent 
to  which  the  land  has  been  subjected  to  cultivation.  He  shall  file  a  full  report 
of  his  investigation  in  the  case,  concluding  with  a  certificate  of  his  opinion 
upon  the  merits  of  the  claim. 

Sec.  61.  It  shall  be  hnvful  for  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  when- 
ever in  the  opinion  of  the  chief  executive  the  public  interest  shall  require  it, 
to  cause  to  be  filed  in  tlie  court  of  land  registration,  through  the  attorney 
general,  a  petition  against  the  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  of  any 
land  in  the  Philippine  Islands  who  shall  not  have  voluntarily  come  in  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter  or  the  land  registration  act  stating  in  substance 
that  the  title  of  such  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  is  open  to  ques- 
tion, or  stating  in  substance  that  the  boundaries  of  any  such  land  which  has 
not  been  brought  into  court  as  aforesaid  are  open  to  question,  and  praying  that 
the  title  to  any  such  land  or  the  boundaries  thei-eof  or  the  right  to  occupancy 
thereof  be  settled  and  adjudicated.  Such  petition  shall  contain  all  the  data 
essential  to  furnish  a  full  notice  thereof  to  the  occupants  of  such  land  and  to 
all  persons  who  may  claim  an  adverse  Interest  therein,  and  shall  be  accompa- 
nied by  a  plan  of  the  land  in  question.  The  court  shall  cause  service  of  notice 
to  be  made  as  lu4)ther  cases,  and  shall  proceed  to  hear,  try,  and  determine  the 
questions  stated  in  such  petition  or  arising  in  the  matter,  and  settle  and  deter- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  367 

inine  the  ownership  of  the  land  and  cause  certificate  of  title  to  be  issued  there- 
for, as  in  other  cases  filed  under  this  chapter. 

Sec.  62.  Whenever  any  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  are  set  apart  as  town 
sites,  under  the  provisions  of  chapter  five  of  this  act,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  tlie 
Interior,  to  notify  the  .judge  of  the  court  of  land  registration  that  such  lands 
have  been  reserved  as  a  town  site  and  that  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  ought  forthwith  to  be  brought  within  the  operation 
of  tlie  land  registration  act,  and  to  become  registered  land  within  the  meaning  of 
said  registration  act.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  judge  of  said  court  to  issue  a 
notice  thereof,  stating  that  claims  for  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  must  be  presented  for  registration  under  the  land 
registration  act  in  the  manner  provided  in  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven,  entitled  "An  act  to  bring  immediately  under  the  operation  of  the 
land  registration  act  all  lands  lying  within  the  boundaries  lawfully  set  apart  for 
military  reservations,  and  all  lands  desired  to  be  purchased  by  the  Government  of 
the  United  States  for  military  purposes."  The  procedure  for  the  purpose  of  this 
section  and  the  legal  effects  thereof  shall  thereupon  be  in  all  respects  as  provided 
in  sections  three,  four,  five,  and  six  of  said  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven. 

Sec.  63.  All  proceedings  under  this  chapter  involving  title  to  or  interest  in  land 
shall  be  conducted  and  considered  as  an  application  for  registration  of  such  land, 
and  the  final  decree  of  the  court  shall  in  every  case  be  the  basis  for  the  original 
certificate  of  title  in  favor  of  the  person  entitled  to  the  property  under  the  pro- 
cedure prescribed  in  section  forty-one  of  the  land  registration  act. 

Sec.  64.  If  in  the  hearing  of  any  application  arising  under  this  chapter  the 
court  shall  find  that  more  than  one  person  or  claimant  has  an  interest  in  the 
land,  such  conflicting  interests  shall  be  adjudicated  by  the  court  and  decree 
awarded  in  favor  of  the  person  or  persons  entitled  to  the  land,  according  to  the 
laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  except  that  where  the  action  is  voluntarily  dis- 
missed by  the  parties  interested  the  order  of  the  court  shall  be  merely  one  of  dis- 
missal without  affecting  title. 

Sec.  65.  Whenever,  in  any  proceedings  under  this  chapter  to  secure  registra- 
tion of  an  incomplete  or  imperfect  claim  of  title  initiated  prior  to  the  transfer 
of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United  States,  it  shall  appear  that  had  such 
claims  been  prosecuted  to  completion  under  the  laws  prevailing  when  instituted, 
and  under  the  conditions  of  the  grant  then  contemplated,  the  conveyance  of  such 
land  to  the  api)licant  would  not  have  been  gratuitous  but  would  have  involved 
payment  therefor  to  the  Government,  then  and  in  that  event  the  court  shall, 
after  decreeing  in  whom  title  should  vest,  further  determine  the  amount  to  be 
paid  as  a  condition  for  the  registration  of  the  land.  Such  judgment  shall  be  cer- 
tified to  the  bureau  of  public  lands  by  the  clerk  of  the  court  for  collection  of  the 
amount  due  from  the  pei-smi  entitled  to  conveyance.  Upon  payment  to  the  chief* 
of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  price  specified  in  the  judgment  the  case 
shall  be  returned  by  him  to  the  court  of  land  registration  with  a  notation  of  such 
payment,  whereupon  the  registration  of  the  land  in  favor  of  the  party  entitled 
thereto  shall  be  ordered  by  the  court.  If  the  applicant  shall  fail  to  pay  the 
amount  of  money  required  by  the  decree  within  a  reasonable  time  after  he 
receives  notice  thereof,  the  court  may  order  the  proceeding  to  stand  dismissed 
and  the  title  to  the  land  shall  then  be  in  the  Government  free  from  any  claim  of 
the  applicant. 

Sec  66.  Whenever  any  judgment  of  confirmation  or  other  decree  of  the  court 
involving  public  lands  shall  become  final,  the  clerk  of  the  court  shall  certify  that 
fact  to  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  a  copy  of  the  decree  of  confirmation  or 
judgment  of  the  court,  which  shall  plainly  state  the  location,  boundaries,  and 
area  as  nearly  as  may  be  of  the  tract  involved  in  the  decree  or  judgment,  and 
shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  as  confirmed  or  acted  upon  by  the 
court.  In  the  event  the  original  survey  was  made  by  the  bureau  of  public  lands 
and  the  decree  of  the  court  conforms  thereto  no  further  proceedings  shall  be 
required.  When  the  original  survey  was  made  by  the  applicant  or  where  the 
tract  confirmed  by  the  court  varies  from  the  original  survey  as  made  by  the 
bureau  of  public  lands,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  immediately 
cause  the  tract,  so  confirmed  by  the  court,  to  be  surveyed  at  the  cost  of  the 
Insular  Government,  and  shall,  when  such  survey  has  been  approved  by  him, 
furnish  a  copy  of  same  to  the  court  of  land  registration  and  to  the  applicant, 
which  survey  when  approved  by  the  court,  and  unless  objected  to  by  the  appli- 
cant within  thirty  days,  shall  be  conclusively  presumed  to  be  correct.    If  objec- 


366  ADMINISTRATIOlSr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Sec.  55.  All  persons  claiming  title  to  Government  lands  not  coming  within 
the  classes  specified  in  the  preceding  section  are  excluded  from  the  benefits  of 
this  chapter. 

Sec.  5G.  Any  person  or  persons,  or  their  legal  rei)resentatives  or  sucessors  in 
right,  claiming  any  lands  or  interest  in  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  who  now  desire  or  claim  the  right  to  have 
such  title  perfected,  must  in  every  case  present  an  application  in  writing  to  the 
court  of  land  registration  praying  that  the  validity  of  the  alleged  title  or  claim 
be  inquired  into  and  that  a  certificate  of  title  issue  to  them  under  the  provisions 
of  the  land  registration  act  for  the  lands  claimed. 

Sec.  57.  Such  claims  and  applications  shall  conform  as  nearly  as  may  be  in 
their  material  allegations  to  the  requirements  of  an  application  for  registration 
under  the  provisions  of  section  twenty-one  and  subsequent  sections  of  the  land 
registration  act,  and  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  and  all  docu- 
ments evidencing  a  right  on  the  part  of  the  applicant  to  the  land  claimed.  The 
application  shall  also  set  forth  fully  the  nature  of  the  claim  to  the  land,  and 
when  bafeed  upon  proceedings  initiated  under  Spanish  laws  shall  particularly 
state  the  date  and  form  of  the  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or  order  of  survey 
under  which  the  claim  is  made;  by  whom  such  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or 
order  of  survey  was  made;  the  extent  of  the  compliance  with  the  conditions 
required  by  the  Spanish  laws  and  royal  decrees  for  the  acquisition  of  legal 
title,  and  if  not  fully  complied  with  the  reason  for  such  noncompliance,  to- 
gether with  a  statement  of  the  length  of  time  such  land  or  any  portion  thereof 
has  been  actually  occupied  by  the  claimant  and  his  predecessors  in  interest;  the 
use  made  of  the  land,  and  the  nature  of  the  inclosure,  if  any.  The  fees  pro- 
vided to  be  paid  for  the  registration  of  lands  under  the  land  registration  act 
shall  be  collected  from  applicants  under  this  chapter,  except  that  upon  the 
original  registration  of  land  claimed  hereunder  no  fee  shall  be  required  for 
the  assurance  fund. 

Sec,  58.  Any  applicant  for  registration  of  lands  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  m;iy,  upon  petition  directed  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands, 
and  upon  payment  of  the  fees  as  regulated  by  law,  secure  a  survey  and  plan 
of  the  lands  claimed  to  be  owned  by  him,  which  said  plan  shall  be  tiled  with 
his  application  in  the  court  of  land  registration. 

Sec.  59.  Upon  the  filing  of  claims  and  applications  for  registration  in  the 
court  of  land  registration,  under  this  chapter,  the  same  procedure  shall  be 
adopted  in  the  hearing  of  such  cases  and  in  the  matter  of  appeal  as  is  by 
the  land  registration  act  provided  for  other  claims,  except  that  a  notice  of  all 
such  applications,  together  with  a  plan  of  the  lands  claimed,  shall  be  imme- 
diately forwarded  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  who  shall  be  represented  in  all  questions  arising  upon  the  consideration 
of  such  applications  by  the  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  or  by 
any  subordinate  or  assistant  to  the  attorney  general  appointed  for  that  purpose. 

Sec  60.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  examhier  of  title,  upon  reference  to  him 
of  any  such  claim  or  application,  to  investigate  all  the  facts  alleged  therein 
or  otherwise  brought  to  his  attention,  and  to  make  careful  inquiry  as  to  the 
period  of  occupation  of  the  land  by  the  claimant  or  his  predecessors  in  interest; 
the  nature  of  such  lands;  the  character  of  the  inclosure,  if  any,  and  the  extent 
to  which  the  land  has  been  subjected  to  cultivation.  He  shall  file  a  full  report 
of  his  investigation  in  the  case,  concluding  with  a  certificate  of  his  opinion 
upon  the  merits  of  the  claim. 

Sec  01.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  when- 
ever in  the  opinion  of  the  chief  executive  the  public  interest  shall  require  it, 
to  cause  to  bo  filed  in  the  court  of  land  registration,  through  the  attorney 
general,  a  petition  against  the  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  of  any 
land  in  the  Philippine  Islands  who  shall  not  have  voluntarily  come  in  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter  or  the  land  registration  act  stating  in  substance 
that  the  title  of  such  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  is  open  to  ques- 
tion, or  stating  in  substance  that  the  boundaries  of  any  such  land  which  has 
not  been  brought  into  court  as  aforesaid  are  open  to  question,  and  praying  that 
the  title  to  any  such  land  or  the  boundaries  thereof  or  the  right  to  occupancy 
thereof  be  settled  and  adjudicated.  Such  petition  shall  contain  all  the  data 
essential  to  furnish  a  full  notice  thereof  to  the  occupants  of  such  land  and  to 
all  persons  who  may  claim  an  adverse  interest  therein,  and  shall  be  accompa- 
nied by  a  plan  of  the  land  in  question.  The  court  shall  cause  service  of  notice 
to  be  made  as  in4)ther  cases,  and  shall  proceed  to  hear,  try,  and  determine  the 
questions  stated  in  such  petition  or  arising  in  the  matter,  and  settle  and  deter- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  367 

inme  the  ownersliip  of  the  land  and  cause  certificate  of  title  to  be  issued  there- 
for, as  in  other  cases  filed  under  this  chapter. 

Sec.  02.  Whenever  any  lands  in  the  Pliilippine  Islands  are  set  apart  as  town 
sites,  under  the  provisions  of  cliapter  five  of  this  act,  it  shall  be  law^ful  for  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  to  notify  the  judge  of  the  court  of  land  registration  that  such  lands 
have  been  reserved  as  a  town  site  and  that  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  ought  forthwith  to  be  brought  within  the  operation 
of  tlie  land  registration  act,  and  to  become  registered  land  within  the  meaning  of 
said  registration  act.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  judge  of  said  court  to  issue  a 
notice  thereof,  stating  that  claims  for  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  must  be  presented  for  registration  under  the  land 
registration  act  in  the  manner  provided  in  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven,  entitled  **An  act  to  bring  immediately  under  the  operation  of  the 
land  registration  act  all  lands  lying  within  the  boundaries  lawfully  set  apart  for 
military  reservations,  and  all  lands  desired  to  be  purchased  by  the  Government  of 
the  Ignited  States  for  military  purposes."  The  procedure  for  the  purpose  of  this 
section  and  the  legal  effects  thereof  shall  thereupon  be  in  all  respects  as  provided 
in  sections  three,  four,  five,  and  six  of  said  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven. 

Sec.  63.  All  proceedings  under  this  chapter  involving  title  to  or  interest  in  land 
shall  be  conducted  and  considered  as  an  application  for  registration  of  such  land, 
and  the  final  decree  of  the  court  shall  in  every  case  be  the  basis  for  the  original 
certificate  of  title  in  favor  of  the  person  entitled  to  the  property  under  the  pro- 
cedure prescribed  in  section  forty-one  of  the  land  registration  act. 

vSec.  64.  If  in  the  hearing  of  any  application  arising  under  this  chapter  the 
court  shall  find  that  more  than  one  person  or  claimant  has  an  interest  in  the 
land,  such  conflicting  interests  shall  be  adjudicated  by  the  court  and  decree 
awarded  in  favor  of  the  person  or  persons  entitled  to  the  land,  according  to  the 
laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  except  that  where  the  action  is  volvmtarily  dis- 
missed by  the  parties  interested  the  order  of  the  court  shall  be  merely  one  of  dis- 
missal without  affecting  title. 

Sec  65.  Whenever,  in  any  proceedings  under  this  chapter  to  secure  registra- 
tion of  an  incomplete  or  imperfect  claim  of  title  initiated  prior  to  the  transfer 
of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United  States,  it  shall  appear  that  had  such 
claims  been  prosecuted  to  completion  under  the  laws  prevailing  when  instituted, 
and  under  the  conditions  of  the  grant  then  contemplated,  the  conveyance  of  such 
land  to  the  api)licant  would  not  have  been  gratuitous  but  would  have  involved 
payment  therefor  to  the  Government,  then  and  in  that  event  the  court  shall, 
after  decreeing  in  whom  title  should  vest,  further  determine  the  amount  to  be 
paid  as  a  condition  for  the  registration  of  the  land.  Such  judgment  shall  be  cer- 
tified to  the  bureau  of  public  lands  by  the  clerk  of  the  court  for  collection  of  the 
amount  due  from  the  person  entitled  to  conveyance.  Upon  payment  to  the  chief, 
of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  price  specified  in  the  judgment  the  case 
shall  be  returned  by  him  to  the  court  of  land  registration  with  a  notation  of  such 
payment,  whereupon  the  registration  of  the  land  in  favor  of  the  party  entitled 
thereto  shall  be  ordered  by  the  court.  If  the  applicant  shall  fail  to  pay  the 
amount  of  money  required  by  the  decree  within  a  reasonable  time  after  he 
receives  notice  thereof,  the  court  may  order  the  proceeding  to  stand  dismissed 
and  the  title  to  the  land  shall  then  be  in  the  Government  free  from  any  claim  of 
the  applicant 

Sec.  6i\  Whenever  any  judgment  of  confirmation  or  other  decree  of  the  court 
involving  public  lands  shall  become  final,  the  clerk  of  the  court  shall  certify  that 
fact  to  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  a  copy  of  the  decree  of  confirmation  or 
judgment  of  the  court,  which  shall  plainly  state  the  location,  boundaries,  and 
area  as  nearly  as  may  be  of  the  tract  Involved  in  the  decree  or  judgment,  and 
shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  as  confirmed  or  acted  upon  by  the 
court.  In  the  event  the  original  survey  was  made  by  the  bureau  of  public  lands 
and  the  decree  of  the  court  conforms  thereto  no  further  proceedings  shall  be 
required.  When  the  original  survey  w^as  made  by  the  applicant  or  where  the 
tract  confirmed  by  the  court  varies  from  the  original  survey  as  made  by  the 
bureau  of  public  lands,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  immediately 
cause  the  tract,  so  confirmed  by  the  court,  to  be  surveyed  at  the  cost  of  the 
Insular  Government,  and  shall,  when  such  survey  has  been  approved  by  him, 
furnish  a  copy  of  same  to  the  court  of  land  registration  and  to  the  applicant, 
which  survey  when  approved  by  the  court,  and  unless  objected  to  by  the  appli- 
cant within  thirty  days,  shall  be  conclusively  presumed  to  be  correct.    If  objec- 


366  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Sec.  55.  All  persons  claiming  title  to  Government  lands  not  coming  within 
the  classes  specified  in  the  preceding  section  are  excluded  from  the  benefits  of 
this  chapter. 

Sec.  56.  Any  person  or  persons,  or  their  legal  representatives  or  sucessors  in 
right,  claiming  any  lands  or  interest  in  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chai)ter,  and  who  now  desire  or  claim  the  right  to  have 
such  title  perfected,  must  in  every  case  present  an  application  in  writing  to  the 
court  of  land  registration  praying  that  the  validity  of  the  alleged  title  or  claim 
be  inquired  into  and  that  a  certificate  of  title  issue  to  them  under  the  provisions 
of  the  land  registration  act  for  the  lands  claimed. 

Sec.  57.  Such  claims  and  applications  shall  conform  as  nearly  as  may  be  in 
their  material  allegations  to  the  requirements  of  an  application  for  registration 
under  the  provisions  of  section  twenty-one  and  subsequent  sections  of  the  land 
registration  act,  and  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  and  all  docu- 
ments evidencing  a  right  on  the  part  of  the  applicant  to  the  land  claimed.  The 
application  shall  also  set  forth  fully  the  nature  of  the  claim  to  the  land,  and 
when  bafeed  upon  proceedings  initiated  under  Spanish  laws  shall  particularly 
state  the  date  and  form  of  the  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or  order  of  survey 
imder  which  the  claim  is  made;  by  whom  such  grant,  concession,  warrant,  or 
order  of  survey  was  made;  the  extent  of  the  compliance  with  the  conditions 
required  by  the  Spanish  laws  and  royal  decrees  for  the  acquisition  of  legal 
title,  and  if  not  fully  complied  with  the  reason  for  such  noncompliance,  to- 
gether with  a  statement  of  the  length  of  time  such  land  or  any  portion  thereof 
has  been  actually  occupied  by  the  claimant  and  his  predecessors  in  interest;  the 
use  made  of  the  land,  and  the  nature  of  the  inclosure,  if  any.  The  fees  pro- 
vided to  be  paid  for  the  registration  of  lands  under  the  land  registration  act 
shall  be  collected  from  applicants  under  this  chapter,  except  that  upon  the 
original  registration  of  land  claimed  hereunder  no  fee  shall  be  required  for 
the  assurance  fund. 

Sec.  58.  Any  applicant  for  registration  of  lands  under  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  may,  upon  petition  directed  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands, 
and  upon  payment  of  the  fees  as  regulated  by  law,  secure  a  survey  and  plan 
of  the  lands  claimed  to  be  owned  by  him,  which  said  plan  shall  be  filed  with 
his  application  in  the  court  of  land  registration. 

Sec.  59.  Upon  the  filing  of  claims  and  applications  for  registration  in  the 
court  of  land  registration,  under  this  chapter,  the  same  procedure  shall  be 
adopted  in  the  hearing  of  such  cases  and  in  the  matter  of  appeal  as  is  by 
the  land  registration  act  provided  for  other  claims,  except  that  a  notice  of  all 
such  applications,  together  with  a  plan  of  the  lands  claimed,  shall  be  imme- 
diately forwarded  to  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Islands,  who  shall  be  represented  in  all  questions  arising  upon  the  consideration 
of  such  applications  by  the  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands  or  by 
any  subordinate  or  assistant  to  the  attorney  general  appointed  for  that  purpose. 

Sec  60.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  examiner  of  title,  upon  reference  to  him 
of  any  such  claim  or  application,  to  investigate  all  the  facts  alleged  therein 
or  otherwise  brought  to  his  attention,  and  to  make  careful  inquiry  as  to  the 
period  of  occupation  of  the  land  by  the  claimant  or  his  predecessors  in  interest; 
the  nature  of  such  lands ;  the  character  of  the  inclosure,  if  any,  and  the  extent 
to  which  the  land  has  been  subjected  to  cultivation.  He  shall  file  a  full  report 
of  his  investigation  in  the  case,  concluding  with  a  certificate  of  his  opinion 
upon  the  merits  of  the  claim. 

Sec  61.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  when- 
ever in  the  opinion  of  the  chief  executive  the  public  interest  shall  require  it, 
to  cause  to  be  filed  in  the  court  of  land  registration,  through  the  attorney 
general,  a  petition  against  the  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  of  any 
land  in  the  Philippine  Islands  who  shall  not  have  voluntarily  come  in  under 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter  or  the  land  registration  act  stating  in  substance 
that  the  title  of  such  holder,  claimant,  possessor,  or  occupant  is  open  to  ques- 
tion, or  stating  in  substance  that  the  boundaries  of  any  such  land  which  has 
not  been  brought  into  court  as  aforesaid  are  open  to  question,  and  praying  that 
the  title  to  any  such  land  or  the  boundaries  thei'eof  or  the  I'ight  to  occupancy 
thereof  be  settled  and  adjudicated.  Such  petition  shall  contain  all  the  data 
essential  to  furnish  a  full  notice  thereof  to  the  occupants  of  such  land  and  to 
all  persons  who  may  claim  an  adverse  interest  therein,  and  shall  be  accompa- 
nied by  a  plan  of  the  land  in  question.  The  court  shall  cause  service  of  notice 
to  be  made  as  in4>ther  cases,  and  shall  proceed  to  hear,  try,  and  determine  the 
questions  stated  in  such  petition  or  arising  in  the  matter,  and  settle  and  deter- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  367 

inine  the  ownership  of  the  land  and  cause  certificate  of  title  to  be  issued  there- 
for, as  in  other  cases  filed  under  this  chapter. 

Sec.  02.  Whenever  any  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  are  set  apart  as  town 
sites,  under  the  provisions  of  cliapter  five  of  this  act,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the 
chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  tlie 
Interior,  to  notify  the  judge  of  the  court  of  land  registration  that  such  lands 
have  been  reserved  as  a  town  site  and  that  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  ought  forthwith  to  be  brought  w^ithin  the  operation 
of  tJie  land  registration  act,  and  to  become  registered  land  within  the  meaning  of 
said  registration  act.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  judge  of  said  court  to  issue  a 
notice  thereof,  stating  that  claims  for  all  private  lands  or  interests  therein 
within  the  limits  described  must  be  presented  for  registration  under  the  land 
registration  act  in  the  manner  provided  in  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven,  entitled  "An  act  to  bring  immediately  under  the  operation  of  the 
land  registration  act  all  lands  lying  within  tlie  boundaries  lawfully  set  apart  for 
military  reservations,  and  all  lands  desired  to  be  purchased  by  the  Government  of 
the  United  States  for  military  purposes."  The  procedure  for  the  puri)ose  of  this 
section  and  the  legal  effects  thereof  shall  thereupon  be  in  all  respects  as  provided 
in  sections  three,  four,  five,  and  six  of  said  act  numbered  six  hundred  and 
twenty-seven. 

Sec.  63.  All  proceedings  under  this  chapter  involving  title  to  or  interest  in  land 
shall  be  conducted  and  considered  as  an  application  for  registration  of  such  land, 
and  the  final  decree  of  the  court  shall  in  every  case  be  the  basis  for  the  original 
certificate  of  title  in  favor  of  the  person  entitled  to  the  property  under  the  pro- 
cedure prescribed  in  section  forty-one  of  the  land  registration  act. 

Sec.  64.  If  in  the  hearing  of  any  application  arising  under  this  chapter  the 
court  shall  find  that  more  than  one  person  or  claimant  has  an  interest  in  the 
land,  such  conflicting  interests  shall  be  adjudicated  by  the  court  and  decree 
awarded  in  favor  of  the  person  or  persons  entitled  to  the  land,  according  to  the 
laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  except  that  where  the  acllon  is  voluntarily  dis- 
missed by  the  parties  interested  the  order  of  the  court  shall  be  merely  one  of  dis- 
missal without  affecting  title. 

Sec.  65.  AVhenever,  in  any  proceedings  under  this  chapter  to  secure  registra- 
tion of  an  incomplete  or  imperfect  claim  of  title  initiated  prior  to  the  transfer 
of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United  States,  it  shall  appear  that  had  such 
claims  been  prosecuted  to  completion  under  the  laws  prevailing  when  instituted, 
and  under  the  conditions  of  the  grant  then  contemplated,  the  conveyance  of  such 
land  to  the  applicant  would  not  have  been  gratuitous  but  would  have  involved 
payment  therefor  to  the  Government,  then  and  in  that  event  the  court  shall, 
after  decreeing  in  whom  title  should  vest,  further  determine  the  amount  to  be 
paid  as  a  condition  for  the  registration  of  the  land.  Such  judgment  shall  be  cer- 
tified to  the  bureau  of  public  lands  by  the  clerk  of  the  court  for  collection  of  the 
amomit  due  from  the  person  entitled  to  conveyance.  Upon  payment  to  the  chief* 
of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  of  the  price  specified  in  the  judgment  the  case 
shall  be  returned  by  him  to  the  court  of  land  registration  with  a  notation  of  such 
payment,  whereupon  the  registration  of  the  land  in  favor  of  the  party  entitled 
thereto  shall  be  ordered  by  the  court.  If  the  applicant  shall  fail  to  pay  the 
amount  of  money  required  by  the  decree  within  a  reasonable  time  after  he 
receives  notice  thereof,  the  court  may  order  the  proceeding  to  stand  dismissed 
and  the  title  to  the  land  shall  then  be  in  the  Government  free  from  any  claim  of 
the  applicant. 

Sec.  66.  Whenever  any  judgment  of  confirmation  or  other  decree  of  the  court 
involving  public  lands  shall  become  final,  the  clerk  of  the  court  shall  certify  that 
fact  to  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  with  a  copy  of  the  decree  of  confirmation  or 
judgment  of  the  court,  which  shall  plainly  state  the  location,  boundaries,  and 
area  as  nearly  as  may  be  of  the  tract  involved  in  the  decree  or  judgment,  and 
shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plan  of  the  land  as  confirmed  or  acted  upon  by  the 
court.  In  the  event  the  original  survey  was  made  by  the  bureau  of  public  lands 
and  the  decree  of  the  court  conforms  thereto  no  further  proceedings  shall  be 
required.  When  the  original  survey  was  made  by  the  applicant  or  where  the 
tract  confirmed  by  the  court  varies  from  the  original  survey  as  made  by  the 
bureau  of  public  lands,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  immediately 
cause  the  tract,  so  confirmed  by  the  court,  to  be  surveyed  at  the  cost  of  the 
Insular  Government,  and  shall,  when  such  survey  has  been  approved  by  him, 
furnish  a  copy  of  same  to  the  court  of  land  registration  and  to  the  applicant, 
which  survey  when  approved  by  the  court,  and  unless  objected  to  by  the  appli- 
cant within  thirty  days,  shall  be  conclusively  presumed  to  be  correct.    If  objec- 


368  ADMINISTRATIOIT   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

tion  is  made  to  the  survey  by  the  applicant,  the  court,  upon  notice  to  the  bureau 
of  public  lands,  shall  hear  such  objections,  and  its  action  in  the  matter  shall  be 
final. 

Sec.  67.  No  title  to,  or  ri.crht  or  equity  in,  any  public  lands  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  may  hereafter  be  accpiired  by  prescription  or  by  adverse  possession  or 
occupancy,  or  under  or  by  virtue  of  any  laws  in  effect  prior  to  American  occu- 
pation, except  as  expressly  provided  by  laws  enacted  or  provided  since  the  acqui- 
sition of  the  islands  by  the  United  States. 

Chapter  VII. 

GENERAL   PROVISIONS. 

Sec.  68.  The  short  title  of  this  act  shall  be  "  The  public  land  act." 

Sec.  60.  The  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  shall  prepare  and  issue  such  forms  and  instruc- 
tions, consistent  with  this  act,  as  may  be  necessary  and  proper  to  carry  into 
effect  all  the  provisions  thereof  that  are  to  be  administered  by  or  under  the 
direction  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  and  for  the  conduct  of  all  proceedings 
arising  under  such  provisions. 

Sec.  to.  While  title  to  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  remains  in  the 
Government,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  hinds,  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  shall  be  charged  with  the  immediate  executive 
control  of  the  survey,  classification,  lease,  sale,  and  other  disposition  and  man- 
agement thereof,  and  the  decisions  of  the  bureau  as  to  questions  of  facts  re- 
lating to  such  lands  shall  be  conclusive  when  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior. 

Sec.  71.  The  civil  governor,  for  reasons  of  public  policy,  may,  from  time  to 
time,  by  proclamation,  designate  any  tract  or  tracts  of  public  lands  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  as  nonalienable,  and  thereafter  the  same  shall  be  withdrawn 
from  settlement,  entry,  sale,  or  other  disposition  under  any  of  the  public-land 
laws  of  the  islands  until  again  made  subject  thereto  by  law^  of  the  islands. 

Sec.  72.  Provincial  secretaries  and  all  other  persons  that  may  be  designated 
as  mining  recorders  shall,  in  their  capacities  as  such  recorders,  be  subject  to 
the  supervision  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands. 

Sec.  73.  All  patents  or  certificates  for  lands  disposed  of  under  this  law  shall 
be  prepared  in  the  bureau  of  public  lands  and  shall  issue  in  the  name  of  the 
Ihiited  States  and  the  Phili[)pine  Government  under  the  signature  of  the  civil 
governor ;  but  sucli  patents  or  certificates  shall  be  effective  only  for  tlie  purposes 
defined  in  section  one  hundred  and  twenty-two  of  the  land  registration  act,  and 
the  actual  conveyance  of  the  land  shall  be  effected  only  as  provided  in  said 
section. 

Sec  74.  All  persons  receiving  title  to  Government  lands  under  the  provisions 
of  this  act,  shall  hold  such  lands  subject  to  the  same  public  servitudes  as  existed 
upon  lands  owned  by  private  persons  under  the  sovereignty  of  Spain,  including 
those  with  reference  to  the  littoral  of  the  sea  and  the  banks  of  navigable  rivers 
or  rivers  upon  which  rafting  may  be  done. 

Sec.  75.  The  beneficial  use  of  water  shall  be  the  basis,  the  measure,  and  the 
limit  of  all  rights  thereto  in  said  islands,  and  the  patents  herein  granted  shall 
be  subject  to  the  right  of  the  Government  of  these  islands  to  make  sucli  rules  and 
regulations  for  the  use  of  water  and  the  protection  of  the  water  supply,  and  for 
otlier  public  purposes,  as  it  may  deem  best  for  the  public  good.  Whenever,  by 
priority  of  possession,  rights  to  the  use  of  water  for  mining,  agricultural,  manu- 
facturing, or  other  purposes  have  vested  and  accrued,  and  the  same  are  recog- 
nized and  acknowledged  by  the  local  customs,  law^s,  and  decisions  of  the  courts, 
the  possessors  and  owners  of  such  vested  riglits  shall  be  maintained  and  pro- 
tected in  the  same,  and  all  patents  granted  under  this  act  shall  be  subject  to 
any  vested  and  accrued  rights  to  ditches  and  reservoirs  used  in  connection  with 
such  water  rights  as  may  have  been  acquired  in  the  manner  above  described 
prior  to  April  eleventh,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-nine. 

Sec  76.  There  is  hereby  reserved  from  the  operation  of  all  patents,  certifi- 
cates, entries,  and  grants  by  the  Insular  Government  authorized  under  this  act, 
the  right  to  use  for  the  i)urposes  of  i)Ower  any  flow  of  water  in  any  stream 
running  through  or  by  the  land  granted,  the  convertible  power  from  which  at 
ordinary  low  water  exceeds  fifty  horsepower.  Where  the  convertible  power  in 
any  stream  running  through  or  running  by  land  granted  under  the  authority 
of  this  act  thus  exceeds  fifty  horsepower,  and  there  is  no  means  of  using  such 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  369 

power  except  by  the  occupation  of  a  part  of  the  land  granted  under  authority 
of  this  act,  then  so  much  land  as  is  reasonably  necessary  for  the  mill  site  or 
site  for  the  powerhouse,  and  for  a  suitable  dam  and  site  for  massing  the  water, 
is  hereby  excepted  from  such  grant,  not  exceeding  four  hectares,  and  a  right 
of  way  to  the  nearest  public  highway  from  the  land  thus  excepted,  and  also  a 
right  of  way  for  the  construction  and  maintenance  of  such  flumes,  aqueducts, 
wires,  poles,  or  other  conduits  as  may  be  needed  in  conveying  the  water  to  the 
point  where  its  fall  will  yield  the  greatest  power,  or  the  power  from  the  point 
of  conversion  to  the  point  of  use,  is  reserved  as  a  servitude  or  easement  upon 
the  land  granted  by  authority  of  this  act:  Provided,  hoivever,  That  wlion  the 
Government  or  any  concessionaire  of  the  Government  shall  take  possession  of 
land  under  this  section  wliich  a  grantee  under  this  act  shall  have  i)aid  for, 
supposing  it  to  be  subject  to  grant  under  this  act,  said  grantee  shall  be  entitled 
to  indemnity  from  the  Government  or  the  concessionaire  for  the  amount,  if 
any,  paid  by  him  to  the  Government  for  the  land  taken  from  him  by  virtue  of 
this  section:  And  provided  further,  That  with  respect  to  the  flow  of  water, 
except  for  converting  the  same  into  power  excecnling  fifty  horsepow^er,  said 
grantee  shall  be'entitled  to  the  same  use  of  the  water  flowing  through  or  along 
his  land  that  other  private  owners  enjoy  by  the  laws  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
subject  to  the  governmental  regulation  provided  in  the  previous  section.  AVater- 
power  privileges  in  which  the  convertible  power  at  ordinary  low  water  shall 
exceed  fifty  horsepower  shall  be  disposed  of  only  upon  terms  to  be  embodied 
in  a  special  act  of  the  commission  until  a  general  law  shall  be  passetl  concerning 
the  use,  lease,  or  acquisition  of  such  water  privilege. 

Sec.  77.  Any  person  who  shall  wilfully  and  knowingly  submit,  or  cause  to  be 
submitted,  any  false  proof,  or  who  shall  make,  or  cause  to  be  made,  any  false 
atliilavit  in  support  of  any  application  or  claim  in  any  manner  respecting  the 
public  lands  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  perjury  and 
punished  accordingly. 

Sec.  78.  The  provisions  of  this  act  shall  extend  and  apply  to  all  provinces  and 
places  of  the  Philippine  Archipelago  except  the  More  Province  and  the  provinces 
of  Lepanto-P>ontoc,  Benguet,  PriJ'agna,  and  Nueva  Vizcaya :  but  tlie  i)rovisions 
of  this  act  or  of  any  chapter  hereof  may  at  any  time,  by  resolution  of  the 
Philippine  Gommission,  be  extended  over  and  p\it  in  force  in  any  of  the  prov- 
inces or  any  part  thereof  hereby  excepted  from  its  operation. 

Sec.  79.  When  this  act  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  President  of  the 
United  States  and  shall  have  received  the  express  or  implied  sanction  of 
Congress,  as  provided  by  section  thirteen  of  the  act  of  Congress  a])prove(l  July 
first,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the 
administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and 
for  other  purposes,"  such  facts  shall  be  made  known  by  tbe  proclamation  of  the 
civil  governor  of  the  islands,  and  this  act  shall  take  effect  on  the  date  of  such 
proclamation. 

Enacted  October  7,  1903. 


Resolutions  Extending  Operation  of  the  Public-Land  Act. 

The  Philippine  Conunission  has  passed  the  following  resolutions  extending  the 
application  of  the  public-land  act,  or  portions  thereof,  to  certain  territory, 
therein  mentioned,  which  has  heretofore  been  excepted  from  the  operation  of 
said  law : 

EXCERPT  FROM  THE  MINUTES  OF  THE  PHILIPPINE  COMMISSION  OF  DECEMBER  22,  1905. 

"  Resolved,  That  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  seventy-eight  of 
act  Numbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  ordinarily  known  as  the  public- 
land  act: 

"(1)  Said  public-land  act  in  its  entirety  be  extended  over  and  put  in  force 
throughout  the  district  of  Zamboanga,  in  ^that  portion  of  the  district  of  Lanao 
not  included  in  the  basin  of  Lake  Lanao, 'and  in  that  portion  of  the  district  of 
Davao  included  in  the  municipalities  of  Mati,  Baganga,  Caraga,  and  Cateel ; 

•'(2)  That  Chapter  III  of  said  act,  relating  to  leases  of  portions  of  the  public 
domain,  be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  throughout  the  entire  district  of 
Cotabato,  with  the  exception  of  Cotabato  Island,  on  which  the  town  of  Cotabato 
is  located,  the  island  of  Tamonttika,  the  area  included  within  a  circle  whose 


370  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PinLIPPINE   LANDS. 

radius  is  three  miles  and  whose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the  masonry  fort 
at  Eehia  Regente,  and  the  area  within  a  circle  whose  radius  is  three  miles  and 
whose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the  masonry  fort  at  Pilvit; 

"(3)  That  Chapter  I  of  said  act,  relating  to  homesteads  on  tlie  piihlic  domain, 
be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  in  Cotabato  Island,  on  which  the  town  of 
Cotabato  is  situated,  the  isUmd  of  Tamontaka,  the  area  included  within  a  circle 
whose  radius  is  three  miles  and  w^hose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the 
masonry  fort  at  Ileina  Regente,  and  tlie  area  within  a  circle  whose  radius  is 
three  miles  and  whose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the  masonry  fort  at  Pikit; 

"(4)  That  Chapter  III  of  said  act,  relating  to  releases  of  portions  of  the 
]jublic  doman,  be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  in  that  portion  of  the  district 
of  Davao  not  included  in  the  municipalities  of  Mati,  Baganga,  Caraga,  and 
Catoel,  witli  the  excei)tion  of  the  territory  embraced  within  a  circle  having  a 
radius  of  five  miles  and  whose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the  district  jail  at 
Davao; 

"(5)  That  chapter  I  of  said  act,  relating  to  homesteads  on  the  public  domain, 
be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  in  the  municipalities  of  jVIati,  Baganga, 
Cjiiaga,  and  Cateel,  and  the  territory  embraced  witliin  a  circle" having  a  radius 
of  live  miles  and  whose  center  is  the  central  point  in  the  district  jail  at  Davao ; 

"(0)  That  Chapter  III  of  said  act,  relating  to  leases  of  portions  of  the  public 
domain,  be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  in  the  island  of  Tawi  Tawi,  in  the 
district  of  Sulu ; 

*'(T)  That  Chapter  I  of  said  act,  relating  to  homesteads  on  the  public  domain, 
be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  in  the  following  areas  of  the  district  of  Sulu  : 

The  land  within  a  circle  whose  radius  is  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  center  of 
the  central  point  of  the  main  landward  gatew%ay  in  the  walls  of  the  city  of 
Jolo,  the  land  within  a  circle  whose  radius  is  a  mile  and  a  half  and  wliose 
center  is  the  central  point  in  the  masonry  fort  in  the  town  of  Siasi,  and  all 
other  portions  of  the  district  of  Sulu  for  the  time  being  exempted  from  the 
provisions  of  the  land  act. 

"(8)  That  Chapter  IV  of  said  act,  relating  to  free  patents  to  native  settlers, 
in  its  entirety  be  extended  over  and  put  in  force  throughout  the  whole  of  the 
?\Ioro  I'rovince:  and 

"  That  the  legislative  council  of  the  Moro  Province  is  directed  to  make  known 
tln'oiighout  the  lu-ovince  the  foregoing  resolutions  and  particularly  the  limita- 
tions imposed  by  the  public-land  act  as  to  the  time  within  which  native  settlers 
may  obtain  free  patents  by  virtue  of  Chapter  IV  of  the  public-land  act." 

EXt'i  EFT  FROM   THE  MINUTES  OF  THE  PmLIPPlNE  COMMISSION  OF  DECEMDER  22,  1905. 

"The  acting  president  presented  to  the  commission  the  question  of  the  exten- 
sion of  act  Numbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  known  as  *  The  Public-Land 
Act,'  in  its  eiitiroiy,  to  tlie  Pkp  iiire  of  Palawan,  formerly  called  Paragua : 
After  due  consideration,  it  was,  on  motion, 

"  Resolved,  Tliat  in  accordance  with  the  ])rovisions  of  section  seventy-eight 
of  act  numbered  nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  ordinarily  known  as  '  the  public 
land  act,'  the  said  public  land  act,  in  its  entirety,  be  immediately  extended  over 
and  i)ut  in  force  throughout  the  entire  province  of  Palawan,  formerly  know^n  as 
the  province  of  Paragua  ;  and 

"  Resolved  furtliev,  That  the  provincial  board  of  the  province  of  Palawan  is 
directed  to  make  known  the  contents  of  the  foregoing  resolution,  so  far  as 
j)racticable,  to  all  the  municipalities  and  settlements  of  the  province,  and  to 
afford  such  assistance  as  may  be  in  its  power  to  the  people  to  enable  them  to 
avail  themselves  of  the  provisions  of  the  law  enacted  in  their  behalf." 

EXCERPT    FROM    THE    MINUTES    OF    THE    PHILIPPINE     COMMISSION    OF    DECEMBER     23, 

1905. 

''.Resolved,  That  the  provisions  of  Chapter  IV  of  act  numbered  nine  hundred 
and  twenty-six,  known  as  '  the  imblic  land  act,'  be,  and  are  hereby,  immediately 
extended  to  the  provinces  of  Benguet,' Nueva  Vizcaya,  and  Lepanto-Bontoc ;  and 

"  Be  it  further  resolved,  That  the  provincial  board  of  the  said  provinces  are 
hereby  directed  to  take  adequate  means  to  inform  the  residents  of  the  various 
municipalities  and  settlements  of  their  provinces  of  the  adoption  of  the  fore- 
going resolution,  and  of  the  necessity  of  taking  advantage  of  its  provisions 
before  January  first,  nineteen  hundred  and  seven." 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  371 

The  entire  act  was  extended  to  the  province  of  Nueva  Vizcaya,  except  the 
territory  formerly  included  in  the  Spanish  comandancias  of  Binatangan  and 
Qniangan,  by  resolution  of  the  connnission  of  August  2,  1906. 

Chapter  VI  of  the  act,  except  suddivision  6  of  section  54  thereof,  was  ex- 
tended to  the  whole  of  the  Moro  Province  by  resolution  of  the  commission  of 
December  29,  1906.  All  other  provisions  of  the  act  were  extended  to  the  Moro 
Province  by  resolution  of  the  commission  of  October  12,  190S. 

Chapters  I,  II,  III,  IV,  V,  and  VII  of  the  act  were  extended  to  the  province 
of  Benguet,  the  subprovinces  of  Amburayan  and  Lepanto,  and  the  township  of 
Bontoc,  Mountain  Province,  by  resolution  of  the  commission  of  October  12,  1908. 


First  PHiLipriNE  Legislature 
Special  Session 


A  I    A.  B. 

/  I  No.  237. 


[No.    1864.] 


AN  ACT  Amending  Chapter  One  of  act  Numbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six  by  pro- 
viding that  payment  of  homestead  entry  fees  may  be  made  in  instnllments,  and  by 
limiting  the  residence  required  by  said  chapter  to  the  last  two  years  immediately  pre- 
ceding the  date  of  final  proof. 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  he  it  enacted  try  the  PhiUypine  Legislature, 

that: 

Section  1.  Section  two  of  act  Nmnbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six  is 
hereby  amended  by  adding  at  the  end  thereof  the  following : 

"  Provided,  hotcever,  That  at  the  option  of  the  applicant,  payment  of  said 
entry  fee  and  of  the  fee  prescribed  in  section  three  hereof  may  be  made  in 
five  annual  installments  of  four  pesos  each.  These  payments  may  be  made  to 
the  municipal  treasurer  of  the  locality,  who,  in  turn,  shall  forward  to  the  pro- 
vincial treasurer  the  amounts  received  on  this  account.  In  case  of  the  delin- 
quency of  the  applicant  in  the  payment  of  any  said  installments,  thirty  days 
after  having  become  delinquent,  he  shall  lose  ipso  facto  his  rights  to  the  land 
in  question,  shall  not  be  entitled  to  the  reimbursement  of  the  installments 
which  he  may  have  paid,  and  the  land  shall  become  vacant  and  open  to  entry 
by  another." 

Sec.  2.  Section  three  of  act  Numbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six  is  hereby 
amended  by  inserting  after  the  words  "  that  he  has  resided  upon  "  the  follow- 
ing:  "the  land  for  the  last  two  years  immediately  preceding  tlie  day  of  such 
proof,"  and  after  the  words  *' Phi]ii)pine  currency,"  the  following:  "or  upon 
the  payment  of  the  last  of  the  five  installments  provided  for  in  section  two,"  so 
that  it  shall  read  as  follows: 

"Sec.  3.  No  certificate  shall  be  given  or  patent  issued  for  the  land  applied 
for  until  the  expiration  of  five  years  from  the  date  of  the  filing  of  the  api){iea- 
tion;  and  if,  at  the  expiration  of  such  time,  or  at  any  time  within  three  years 
thereafter,  the  person  filing  such  application  shall  prove  by  two  credible  wit- 
nesses that  he  has  resided  upon  the  land  for  the  last  two  years  immediately 
preceding  the  day  of  such  proof,  and  cultivated  the  land  for  the  term  of  five 
years  immediately  succeeding  the  time  of  filing  the  application  aforesaid,  and 
shall  make  affidavit  that  no  part  of  said  land  has  been  alienated  or  encumbered, 
and  that  he  has  borne  true  allegiance  to  the  Government  of  the  United  States 
and  that  of  the  Philipi)ine  Islands,  then,  upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  ten  pesos, 
Philippine  currency,  or  upon  the  payment  of  the  last  of  the  five  installments 
provided  for  in  section  two,  to  such  officer  as  may  be  designated  by  law  as 
local  land  officer,  or  in  case  there  be  no  such  officer  then  to  the  director  of 
lands,  he  shall  be  entitled  to  a  patent :  Provided,  hotcever.  That  in  the  event 
of  the  death  of  an  applicant  prior  to  the  issuance  of  a  patent,  his  widow  shall 
he  oatitled  to  have  a  patent  for  the  land  applied  for  issue  to  her  upon  showing 
that  she  has  consunnnated  the  requirements  of  law  for  homesteading  the  lands 
as  above  set  out;  and  in  case  the  applicant  dies  before  the  issuance  of  the 
patent  and  does  not  leave  a  widow,  then  the  interest  of  the  applicant  in  the 
land  shall  descend  and  patent  shall  issne  to  the  persons  who  under  the  laws 
of  the  Philipp'ue  Islands  would  have  taken,  had  the  title  been  i)erfected  by 
patent  before  the  death  of  the  applicant,  upon  proof,  by  the  persons  thus  en- 
titled, of  compliance  with  said  requirements  and  conditions." 


372  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHIUPPINE   LANDS. 

Sec.  3.  Saction  five  of  act  Numbered  Nine  hundred  and  twenty-six  is  hereby 
amended  oy  subFtituting  the  word  "  two  "  for  the  word  *'  five,"  so  that  it  shall 
read  as  follows : 

"  Sec.  5.  If,  at  any  time  after  the  filing  of  the  application  as  hereinabove 
provided  and  before  the  expiration  of  the  period  allowed  by  law  for  the  mak- 
ing of  final  proof,  it  is  proved  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  director  of  lands, 
after  due  notice  to  the  homesteader,  that  the  land  entered  is  not  under  the  law 
subject  to  homestead  entry,  or  that  the  homesteader  has  actually  changed  his 
residence,  voluntarily  abandoned  the  land  for  more  than  six  months  at  any 
one  time  during  the  two  years  of  residence  herein  required,  or  has  otherwise 
failed  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  law,  then  in  that  event  the  director 
of  lands  may  cancel  the  entry,  subject  to  appeal  under  proper  regulations  to 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  and  the  land  thereupon  shall  become  subject  to 
disposition  as  other  public  lands  of  like  character." 

Sec.  4.  When  this  act  shall  have  been  approved  and  sanctioned  in  accordance 
with  section  thirteen  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  first,  nineteen  hun- 
dred and  two,  entitled  *'An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration 
of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  pur- 
poses," such  facts  shall  be  made  known  by  proclamation  of  the  Governor  General 
of  the  islands,  and  this  act  shall  take  effect  on  the  date  of  such  proclamation. 

Enacted,  June  18,  1908. 


First  Philippine  Legislature,  1  f  C.  B. 

Second  Session.  /  INo.  84. 

[No.   1908.1 

AN  ACT  Amending  section  fifty-four  of  act  numbered  nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  entitled 
"  Tlie  public  land  act,"  by  more  definitely  fixing  tlie  period  of  occupation  of  land  acquired 
as  a  basis  for  perfecting  title  thereto. 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  he  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Legislature, 

that : 

Section  1.  Subsection  six  of  section  fifty-four  of  act  numbered  nine  hundred 
and  twenty-six,  entitled  "  The  public  land  act,"  is  hereby  amended  so  as  to  read 
as  follows: 

'*  6.  All  persons  who  by  themselves  or  their  predecessors  in  interest  have  been 
in  the  open,  continuous,  exclusive,  and  notorious  possession  and  occupation 
of  agricultural  public  lands,  as  defined  by  said  act  of  Congress  of  July  first,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  two,  under  a  bona  fide  claim  of  ownership  except  as  against 
the  Government,  for  a  period  of  ten  years  next  preceding  the  twenty-sixth  day  of 
July,  nineteen  hundred  and  four,  except  when  prevented  by  war  or  force  majeure, 
shall  be  conclusively  presumed  to  have  performed  all  the  conditions  essential 
to  a  Government  grant  and  to  have  received  the  same,  and  shall  be  entitled 
to  a  certificate  of  title  to  such  land  under  the  provisions  of  this  chapter." 

Sec.  2.  When  this  act  shall  have  been  approved  and  sanctioned  in  accordance 
with  section  thirteen  of  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  first,  nineteen  hun- 
dred and  two,  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration 
of  the  aft'airs  of  civil  government  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other  pur- 
poses," such  fact  shall  be  made  known  by  proclamation  of  the  Governor  Gen- 
eral of  the  islands,  and  this  act  shall  take  effect  on  the  date  of  such  procla- 
mation. 

Enacted  May  19,  1909. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Can  you  state  briefly,  without  reading,  what  the 
necessities  are  to  secure  a  homestead  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Of  lawful  age,  or  the  head  of  a  family,  limited  to  the 
filing  of  an  application  for  16  hectares  of  unappropriated,  unre- 
served, nonmineral  public  land.  They  must  pay  a  fee  for  the 
entrance. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  much? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Ten  pesos  altogether,  which  is  covered  in  a  period  of 
five  years,  and  then  ^10  on  the  final  application.     They  hav^  to 


ADMINISTEATION   OP  PHILIPPUSTE   LANDS.  373 

reside  on  the  land  for  the  last  two  years  immediately  preceding  the 
filing  of  final  proof.  Their  application  must  show  the  location  of  the 
land,  and  a  plat  must  be  furnished,  and  it  must  be  passed  upon  by 
the  forestry  officials  as  more  valuable  for  agriculture  than  forestry. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  improvements  do  they  have  to  make? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  They  have  to  live  on  the  land  and  cultivate  it  for  a 
part  of  the  time. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  of  it  do  they  have  to  cultivate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Five  years  immediately  succeeding  the  time  of  filing 
the  final  application. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  do  they  have  to  cultivate?  How  much 
of  the  16  hectares  do  they  have  to  cultivate — all  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Practically;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  It  is  estimated  there  are  something  like  60,000,000 
acres  of  public  lands  there,  is  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  estimate  it  at  45,000,000  acres. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Scattered  all  through  all  the  provinces? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  spoke  of  the  applicant  having  to  furnish  a  plat. 
He  furnishes  that  at  his  ow^n  expense  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  merely  a  penciled  plat  showing  the  location, 
so  our  inspectors  can  locate  the  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  So  that  the  total  cost  by  way  of  final  fees  to  the 
person  making  application  to  secure  a  homestead  is  iP20  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Ten  dollars? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.    That  is  the  total  cost  to  the  applicant. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Does  he  have  to  pay  any  taxes  on  the  land  during 
the  time  he  occupies  it  before  the  perfection  of  title  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  until  he  has  got  the  title  in  liis  own  name. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Briefly,  what  is  the  Torrens  title  system?  Just  how 
does  that  work  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  An  application  is  filed  before  a  land  court  for  title  to 
a  piece  of  land,  which  may  be  in  dispute  or  the  title  is  unsettled.  The 
court  hears  the  evidence,  after  the  plans  have  been  presented,  and 
determine  whether  or  not  under  the  law  the  applicant  is  entitled  to 
a  title.  It  also  gives  notice  to  the  public  that  the  title  is  in  question 
and  gives  them  an  opportunity  to  be  present  and  heard.  If  the  court 
determines  the  title  is  in  the  applicant,  then  the  applicant,  on  pay- 
ment of  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent  of  the  appraised  value  of  the  land, 
is  given  the  title  guaranteed  by  the  Government. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Are  land  offices  established  there  in  sufficient  num- 
bers to  be  convenient  to  all  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Each  provincial  treasurer  is  a  local  land  officer. 
Each  secretary  of  the  municipality  is  required  to  make  out  any  docu- 
ments relating  to  land  applications.  Otherwise  there  are  no  land 
officers. 

Mr.  Douglas.  There  are  no  exclusive  land  offices? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  These  officers  attend  to  tliat  business  with  other 
business  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  were  asked  some  time  ago  by  the  chairman,  in 
substance,  what  was  your  opinion,  independent  of  any  legal  question 


374  ADMINISTRATION   OP  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

that  might  be  involved,  as  to  the  advisability  of  disposing  of  these 
friar  lands  in  the  manner  they  have  been  disposed  of.  You  replied 
you  thought  it  was  a  good  policy.  Did  you  mean  you  thought  it  was 
good  policy  from  a  business  standpoint  or  from  just  what  standpoint 
did  you  mean? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  a  general  standpoint  as  well  as  a  business 
standpoint.  I  believe  it  is  a  good  policy  to  dispose  of  those  lands  and 
bring  them  under  cultivation  for  the  benefit  of  the  community. 

Mr.  Garrett.  The  objection  that  would  apply,  assuming  that  that 
be  an  objection,  to  removing  the  limitation  of  the  public  land  hold- 
ings would  apply  with  equal  force  to  the  friar  lands,  would  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  quite. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Why  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  AVe  have  no  bonds  issued  on  the  public  lands  and  no 
particular  expense. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Upon  the  question  of  policy,  though— and  I  am  ask- 
ing you  this  independently,  as  the  chairman  did,  of  the  legal  propo- 
sition involved — the  real  foundation  for  the  provision  in  the  organic 
act  allowing  the  limitation  of  the  amount  of  the  holdings  that  can  be 
'acquired  of  public  lands,  was  a  desire  to  preserve  them  against  cor- 
poration control,  and  it  was  not  believed  to  be  sound  policy  to  per- 
mit too  much  of  it  to  come  under  the  control  of  one  individual  or 
one  corporation.  So  far  as  the  policy  of  it  is  concerned,  if  that  be  an 
objection,  why  would  it  not  apply  with  equal  force  to  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  If  we  were  (o  adopt  the  po]ic}7  that  you  did  not 
want  your  lands  cultivated,  I  presume  that  would  apply.  If  3^ou  did 
not  want  to  progress  industrially  and  agriculturally  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  that  would  be  true. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  think  it  would  be  a  good  idea  to  remove  the 
limihition  as  to  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  certainly  do. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  tliink  it  would  be  a  good  policy  to  remove  the 
limitation  as  to  the  amount  that  can  be  held  by  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  certainly  do. 

Mr.  Garrett.  An  agricultural  corporation? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do;  yes.  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Your  reason  for  that,  of  course,  is  that  it  would 
induce  development  and  progress  in  the  islands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  would  induce  prosperity  amongst  all  classes  of 
people  to  have  those  lands  cultivated. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  limit  would  you  propose? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  Avould  give  tliem  enough  land  so  they  could  afford 
to  go  out  there  and  put  it  under  cultivation,  whatever  w^as  deemed 
sufficient  for  their  business,  and  not  give  them  control  of  entire 
islands  or  entire  communities.  If  it  takes  10,000  acres  for  proper 
sugar  industry,  I  should  give  them  10,000  acres. 

Mr.  Jones.  Should  they  be  the  judges  as  to  the  amount? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  I  think  the  legislature  should  limit  it  some- 
how. 

Mr.  Helm.  Are  there  any  attractive  manufacturing  features  con- 
nected with  this  Worcester  tract  of  land  that  we  have  referred  to 
this  morning? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Xot  to  my  knowledge:  no,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  By  reason  of  location  on  this  river? 


ADMINISTEATIOISr   OP  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  375 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  these  leases  carry  the  right  of  renewal — that  is, 
givinir  preference  to  the  lessee?  The  leases  are  for  three  years,  under 
the  h\w? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  friar-land  leases? 

Mr.  Garrett.  No;  the  public-land  leases? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The}^  are  for  25  years,  with  the  privilege  of  renewal 
for  25  years  more. 

Mr.  Garrett.  The  friar  lands  are  three  years? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  tlie  extreme  limit  we  can  give  such  leases  for. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  those  leases  is  there  any  provision  that  the  lessee 
shall  have  the  preference  of  renewal  at  the  end  of  his  period? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Unless  the  lessee  or  lessor  advises  the  other,  the 
leases  continue  in  elTect  under  the  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  friar  lands  or  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Friar  lands. 

Mr.  Garret^t.  You  say  unless  one  advises  the  other? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Unless  one  of  the  parties  advises  the  other,  the  leases 
continue  in  effect,  if  they  go  over  15  days.  That  is  the  law  in  the 
islands,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Without  having  to  be  renewed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Without  being  renewed,  and  they  have  not  been 
renewed;  the  last  leases  have  not  been  renewed.  After  we  found 
out  the  actual  area  and  the  actual  value  of  the  land  and  the  correct 
rental  value  and  names  of  the  individuals,  the  leases  were  not  renewed. 
They  continued  right  along  until  they  were  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Under  what  conditions  does  the  Government  as  the 
lessor  decline  to  rencAv  the  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  have  been  no  such  conditions,  unless  they  otFcr 
the  land  for  sale.  Then  it  puts  it  up  to  them  whether  they  shall  take 
a  sale  certilicate  and  change  their  method  of  payment,  or  whether 
they  shall  continue  leasing.  That  is  the  eight-day  notice  that  the 
law  provides  that  I  shall  give  to  each  occupant  when  the  land  is  ready 
for  sale,  giving  him  the  option  of  purchasing  or  leasing  or  giving  up 
the  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  They  have  the  preference? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  there  is  where  the  preference  comes  in. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Mr.  Sleeper,  is  this  public  land  as  a  rule  in  large 
bodies? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  should  say  it  w^as  in  very  large  tracts  in  a  great 
many  different  sections  of  the  country.  We  do  not  know  exactly 
where  it  is.  We  are  endeavoring  to  find  out  by  elimination  where 
it  is.     There  are  large  tracts  we  know  of  in  nearly  all  the  islands. 

Mr.  Garrf/tt.  Mindanao — that  is  the  wild  island,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Exactly. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  presume  there  is  not  much  demand  for  public  lands 
down  on  that  island,  is  there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  has  been  about  as  much  demand  there,  and 
Americans  have  taken  up  certain  lands  down  there. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Of  these  more  than  8,000  applications,  how  many 
were  by  Filipinos? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Practically  all,  I  might  say.  There  may  be  50  or  100 
Americans,  but  they  are  all  practically  Filipinos. 

The  Chairman.  Is  that  all,  gentlemen? 


376  ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Representative  Martin  (of  Colorado).  Mr.  Chairman,  I  beg  per- 
mission to  address  the  committee  before  calling  another  witness,  for 
the  purpose  of  requesting  the  committee  to  permit  me  to  ask  Mr. 
Sleeper  some  questions. 

The  Chairman.  The  resolution  which  the  committee  adopted  prior 
to  the  commencement  of  this  hearing  provides  for  the  examination  of 
witnesses  by  members  of  the  committee  and  concludes  by  stating  that 
any  persons  not  members  of  the  committee  desiring  questions  put  to 
witnesses  shall  submit  them  in  writing  to  the  committee,  and  if 
deemed  proper  by  the  committee,  they  shall  be  put  to  the  witness  by 
the  chairman  or  such  other  member  of  the  committee  as  he  may  desig- 
nate for  that  purpose. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  move  that  Mr.  Martin,  who  made 
ihese  charges  originally  upon  which  this  resolution  was  based,  be 
permitted  now  to  ask  such  questions  as  may  be  deemed  proper,  the 
chairman  of  this  committee  to  be  the  judge  of  whether  or  not  they 
are  proper. 

The  Chair:man.  The  Chair  ought  to  state,  before  we  consider  that, 
that  other  parties  have  asked  permission  to  cross-examine  witnesses. 
1  had  a  letter  sometime  ago  from  counsel  for,  I  think,  the  purchasers 
of  these  lands,  or  representing  parties  interested  in  the  San  Jose 
estate;  I  will  not  be  sure  that  they  asked  permission  to  cross-examine 
witnesses,  but  counsel  did  state  they  would  like  to  represent  those 
people  at  the  hearing,  and  counsel  representing  other  interests  have 
asked  permission  to  examine  the  witnesses. 

Mr.  Jones.  My  motion  applies  only  to  a  Member  of  the  House,  now. 

The  Chairman.  And  to  the  one  Member  of  the  House  alone? 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes. 

Mr.  EucKER.  I  second  the  motion. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  would  like  to  have  Mr.  Martin's  opinion  as  to 
whether  he  would  be  willing  to  submit  to  any  time  limit,  or  whether 
he  has  any  idea  as  to  what  time  it  will  take  to  examine  Mr.  Sleeper. 

Mr.  JMartin.  It  might  take  15  or  20  minutes. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  move  to  amend  the  motion  of  Mr. 
Jones  by  giving  Mr.  Martin  30  minutes,  then. 

Mr.  Garrett.  He,  of  course,  will  probably  be  governed  by  the 
answers  that  are  made.  I  think  we  could  rely  upon  Mr.  Martin 
being  perfectly  reasonable  about  this,  if  the  privilege  is  accorded 
himTand  not  trifling  with  the  committee.  I  do  not  feel  like  putting 
a  limitation  of  time  upon  him. 

(Here  ensued  informal  discussion  which  the  stenographer  was 
directed  not  to  record.) 

The  Chairman.  I  suggest  we  sus])end  the  examination  of  this 
witness,  and  in  the  meantime  take  this  matter  up  in  executive  session. 

The  Chair  would  like  to  know  the  pleasure  of  the  committee  with 
regard  to  a  continuance  of  this  session,  or  when  the  next  meeting 
shall  be. 

Mr.  1^\RS0NS.  I  move  we  take  a  recess  until  1.45. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  the  objection  to  letting  Mr.  Martin  cross- 
examine  the  witness  at  this  time? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do  not  want  to  be  placed  in  a  position  of  embar- 
rassing the  members  of  the  committee  by  handing  them  notations  of 
matters  that  occur  to  me  to  be  asked.  I  do  not  like  to  assume  that 
attitude.    I  have  noticed  some  points  with  reference  to  wdiicli  I  want 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  377 

to  ask  some  questions,  and  would  like  to  ask  the  questions  directly 
in  order  to  save  that  annoyance  to  the  committee. 

Mr.  Douglas,  You  feel  it  will  not  take  more  than  15  or  20  minutes? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  do. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Let  us  vote  on  that. 

The  Chairman.  I  would  like  to  inquire  the  sense  of  the  committee 
as  to  the  next  session. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Mr.  Chairman,  I  move  that  when  the  committee 
takes  a  recess,  it  shall  be  until  2  o'clock. 

(The  motion  was  duly  seconded,  put,  and  carried.) 

The  Chairman.  What  is  the  pleasure  of  the  committee? 

Mr.  Garre^tt.  I  favor  continuing  through  to-day,  except  I  am  in 
favor  of  a  slight  adjournment  for  lunch. 

The  Chx\irman.  What  time  would  you  suggest  for  lunch? 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  suggest  we  go  into  executive  session  just  before  we 
convene  at  2  o'clock. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Why  not  have  our  executive  session  now,  and  then 
take  a  recess  until  2  o'clock  ? 

The  Chairman.  That  seems  to  be  the  better  plan.  The  committee 
will  now  go  into  executive  session. 

(Thereupon,  at  1  o'clock  p.  m.,  the  committee  went  into  executive 
session,  after  which  a  recess  was  taken  until  2  o'clock  p.  m.) 

after  recess. 

The  committee  met  at  2  o'clock  p.  m.,  pursuant  to  taking  recess, 
Hon.  Marlin  E.  Olmsted  in  the  chair. 

The  Chairman.  The  secretary  will  read  the  resolution  which  was 
adopted  in  executive  session. 

The  clerk  of  the  committee  read  as  follows : 

Resolved,  That  the  request  of  Representative  Martin  to  submit  questions  to 
Capt.  Sleeper  be  granted. 

The  Chairman.  This  committee  has  determined  to  suspend  the  ex- 
amination of  Capt.  Sleeper  for  the  purpose  of  examining  Mr.  Car- 
penter, who  desires  to  be  examined  at  this  time. 

TESTIMONY  OF  FRANK  W.  CARPENTER. 

Frank  W.  Carpenter,  called  as  a  witness,  being  first  duly  sworn, 
testified  as  follows : 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Jones,  will  you  examine  this  witness? 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Carpenter,  what,  if  any,  official  position  do  you 
occupy  in  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  At  the  present  time  I  hold  the  position  known  as 
executive  secretary. 

Mr.  Jones.  Capt.  Sleeper,  in  his  testimony,  stated  that  you  had 
leased,  I  believe,  with  a  contract  w^hich  permitted  you  to  purchase, 
some  2,067  hectares  of  land  in  the  Tala  estate.  He  went  quite  fully 
into  that  transaction.     You  heard  his  testimony,  did  you  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  there  anything  you  desire  to  add  to  what  he  said  on 
that  subject  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  on  practically  every  point  I  would  like 
very  much  to  be  questioned.  I  was  unfortunate,  inasmuch  as  at  the 
82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 28 


378  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

time  he  was  on  the  stand  I  did  not  have  a  pencil  or  paper  to  make 
notes.  I  regret  that  very  much  indeed,  and  not  having  complete 
notes,  I  hesitate  to  undertake  a  statement  which  would  complete  the 
matter.  One  point  is  that  of  the  area.  The  area  which  I  have 
at  present  is  1,694  and  a  fraction  hectares,  some  300  hectares  less  than 
the  amount  which  I  had  at  the  end  of  the  .fiscal  year,  which  is  the 
period  of  the  annual  report  of  the  director  oi  lands. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  mean  by  that  that  you  had  disposed  of  some  of 
this  land  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Some  transfers  that  were  pending.  I  was  in 
the  United  States  at  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year.  I  left  Manila  in 
March  and  was  in  the  United  States  until  the  latter  part  of  June, 
when  I  returned  to  the  islands.  On  my  return  there  were  three 
transfers  which  the  manager  on  my  place  told  me  were  practically 
ready  for  disposal,  and  in  fact  two  of  them  were  transferred  at  once. 
They  were  small  parcels.  They  were  transferred  at  once.  One 
parcel,  which  was  a  larger  one,  I  discussed  with  the  man  to  whom 
the  land  was  transferred,  and  transferred  a  short  time  after  my 
arrival  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then  when  you  left  the  Philippines  to  visit  the  United 
States  you  left  your  land  matters  in  the  hands  of  your 

Mr.  Carpenter  (interposing).  Partner-manager. 

Mr.  Jones.  Who  had  power  to  contract  for  the  sale  and  disposition 
of  that  land? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  He  did  not  hold  a  power  of  attorney  to  transfer, 
to  make  the  actual  transfers;  but  from  the  beginning  of  my  status 
as  a  tenant  on  the  Tala  estate  my  manager  had  instructions  to,  in  a 
reasonable  way,  promote  the  matter  of  transfer  of  parcels  of  land 
that  I  held  under  my  agreemnt,  and  it  was  in  pursuit  of  those  in- 
structions that  many  transfers  have  been  made,  and  that  he  had 
these  practically  in  shape  when  I  arrived.  He  lives,  I  may  explain, 
in  the  only  village  that  is  on  the  Tala  estate,  a  small  country  village 
of  grass  huts,  which  has  not  what  we  term  a  strong  material  building 
in  it.  He  is  very  well  known  throughout  the  community  there,  and 
people  seeking  land  on  the  estate  would  ordinarily  go  to  him  for 
mfonnation  in  regard  to  land  generally,  as  he  was  born  and  raised 
there.     He,  in  that  way,  was  naturally  the  man  to  look  after  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  he  a  Filipino? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  He  then  made  contracts,  tentative  contracts  at  least, 
for  the  sale  of  portions  of  this  estate — for  the  sale  or  for  the  lease? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Transfers  of  the  leases,  these  parcels  I  held  under 
leases,  pursuant  to  the  contract,  which  has  gone  into  the  record. 
The  conditions  of  transfer  were  exceedingly  simple.  No  payment 
was  to  be  made  to  me  unless  it  happened  to  be  a  parcel  on  which  I 
had  already  paid  rent,  in  which  case  I  would  be  reimbursed  for  the 
amount  already  paid  by  me,  and  the  land  would  be  taken  in  rectan- 
gular parcels  as  it  lay,  not  cutting  out  any  irregular  shape  of  desir- 
able land  and  leaving  to  me  a  gravelly  hilltop  or  a  piece  of  unde- 
sirable land.    There  were  no  other  conditions  of  transfer. 

Mr.  Jones.  As  I  understand  it,  in  other  words,  when  you  dis- 
posed of  any  of  this  property,  the  man  who  took  it  was  just  substi- 
tuted in  your  stead  in  the  contract;  he  just  occupied  your  shoes,  so 
to  speak? 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILlPPI2v\E   LANDS.  379 

Mr.  Carpenter.  So  far  as  I  am  aware,  they  took  over  the  land, 
but  in  no  instance  within  my  knowledge  did  they  take  it  over  under 
the  same  conditions  under  which  I  held  it.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  I 
discussed  very  thoroughly  with  at  least  one  man  the  matter  of 
taking  it  over  under  the  conditions  under  which  I  held  it,  and  he 
said  that  under  no  circiiinstances  w^ould  he  bind  himself  to  the  culti- 
vation feature  of  it  on  account  of  contingencies  that  might  arise,  and 
that  he  preferred  to  take  it  on  payment  of  a  higher  rental  without 
any  obligation  to  cultivate.  In  other  w^ords,  they  stepped  into  my 
shoes  regarding  the  option  to  purchase.  In  fact,  the  lo^se  is  the  pre- 
liminary paper  to  the  sale  certificate. 

Mr.  Jones.  Your  terms  with  these  people  were  in  each  instance 
somewhat  different  from  the  terms  you  had  with  the  Government  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  On  relinquishing  my  rights  they  executed  leases 
with  the  Government;  there  was  no  continuing  relation  between  those 
individuals  and  myself.  I  was  through  entirely  so  far  as  those  par- 
cels of  land  were  concerned. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  entered  into  new  leases  with  the  Government,  and 
what  did  you  do  with  the  Government  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  My  leases  were  canceled,  and  I  ceased  to  have  any 
further  relations  with  those  parcels  of  land  that  were  involved — 
that  were  ceded. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  were  subtracted  from  your  lease? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  reduced  the  total  area. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  that  manager  of  yours  a  Filipino  or  an  American  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  He  is  a  Filipino. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Carpenter,  is  any  of  the  land  adjoining  this  land  of 
yours  occupied  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  all  held  under  sale  certificates  now — all  ad- 
joining land  on  the  Tala  estate  is  held  on  sale  certificates  by  my  co- 
tenants  with  the  exception  of  perhaps  two  or  three  very  small  par- 
cels that  were  abandoned  at  the  time  of  the  issue  of  sales  certificates 
by  the  former  lessee,  but  that  is  a  negligible  quantity. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  did  you  enter  into  that  contract  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  My  general  contract  which  has  been  the  subject 
of  discussion  is  dated  early  in  1908. 

Mr.  Jones.  April,  1908,  was  it  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  think  it  was. 

Mr.  Jones.  At  that  time  were  the  adjoining  lands  held  under  con- 
tract similar  to  yours  or  w^ere  they  occupied  at  all  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  My  contract  covers  all  then  vacant  land  on  the  es- 
tate. Consequently,  so  far  as  other  parcels  were  concerned,  adjoin- 
ing parcels  were  necessarily  occupied  or  held  under  lease — construc- 
tively occupied. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  do  not  remember  w^hether  Capt.  Sleeper  has  the 
copy  of  your  contract  with  him,  but  I  believe  he  stated  he  did  not 
have  it. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No;  it  is  in  that  document  [indicating]. 

Mr.  Garrett.  It  was  the  Worcester  contract  that  he  did  not  have. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  If  it  is  desired,  I  can  hand  the  copy  to  the  stenog- 
rapher. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  it  is  in  this  publication  we  have  here,  and 
it  is  unnecessary  to  put  it  in  again.    Mr.  Carpenter,  I  understand 


380  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS, 

that  as  an  officer  of  the  Philippine  Government  you  were  not  per- 
mitted to  purchase  these  lands  until  you  had  gotten  permission 
from  the  Government  to  do  so.     Is  that  the  case? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  was  no  specific  prohibition  against  it,  but 
the  general  provision  in  the  civil-service  riifes  requiring  all  Govern- 
ment officials  and  employees  to  procure  permission  from  the  depart- 
mental chief  or  the  Governor  General  before  engaging  in  private 
business  enterprise  of  any  kind  in  the  Philippine  Islands  seemed  to 
cover  a  matter  of  this  sort,  and  I  discussed  the  matter  orally  with 
the  Governor  General  before  taking  any  steps  at  all,  and  then  when 
I  saw  definitely  that  I  would  lease  some  of  the  lands  I  asked  him 
formally  for  his  permission,  and  it  was  granted. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  a  civil-service  regulation,  you  say. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  it  is  my  recollection  that  it  is  a  civil- 
-service  rule  and  has  the  status  of  an  Executive  order. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  there  no  law — act  of  the  United  States  Congress  or 
of  the  Philippine  Government — which  prohibits  any  officers  of  the 
Government  from  purchasing  land? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  no  knowledge  of  any  such  statute. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  there  any  law  which  prohibits  the  commissioners 
from  purchasing? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  know  of  nothing  further  than  practice;  I  know 
of  no  statute  nor  Executive  order  that  prohibits  the  commissioners 
from  doing  so. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  far  is  this  land  of  yours  from  a  navigable  stream 
of  water? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Manila  Bay  is  the  nearest  navigable  water;  that 
is  approximately  10  miles.  The  nearest  point  on  the  estate  is  7.2 
miles,  practically  7  miles,  from  the  point  of  the  city  limits  nearest 
the  estate.     My  land  is  a  mile  or  so  from  this  point  on  the  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  there  a  good  highway  from  Manila  to  your  holdings? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir ;  there  was  an  old  road  which  was  part  of 
and  always  has  been  considered  a  part  of  the  military  road  system— 
that  is,  the  roads  of  military  importance  in  the  island — passable  in 
dry  weather  for  wheeled  vehicles,  and  in  rainy  weather  impassable; 
and  on  the  estate  itself  in  1899 — I  knew  that  general  vicinity  first 
then — there  were  no  wagon  roacfe  and  there  are  none  now. 

Mr.  Jones.  There  is  none  on  the  estate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  is  none  on  the  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  there  is  an  old  Spanish  road  from  Manila  to  the 
estate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir ;  that  is,  there  is  the  remnant  of  one. 

Mr.  Jones.  Your  lease  provides,  I  believe,  that  the  Government 
shall  endeavor  to  have  roads  and  bridges  built  to  the  estate  such  as 
may  be  necessary. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  In  a  general  way  that  is  a  provision;  yes,  sir. 
That  was  put  in  at  my  request  for  the  purpose  or  making  of  record 
the  then  policy  of  the  Government  in  regard  to  the  friar-land  estates. 
As  these  estates  pay  no  taxes,  no  revenue  accrues  to  the  road  fund. 
One  of  the  chief  sources  of  funds  for  construction  of  roads  is  the  land 
tax,  and  the  policy  was  to  make  special  provision  in  regard  to  the 
estates  generally  by  appropriations  from  general  revenues  for  road 
repair  and  construction.  A  change  in  the  director  of  lands  or  secre- 
tary of  interior  might  cause  that  policy  to  be  forgotten  or  dropped, 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  381 

perhaps,  and  I  wished  to  have  it  of  record.  It  is  quite  important  that 
this  road  should  be  maintained.  I  mean  by  maintained  that  the  fur- 
ther deterioration  each  rainy  season  should  be  repaired  and  stone  and 
gravel  put  in  so  that  the  gullied  places  could  be  passed  over  by 
wheeled  vehicles;  and  also  in  the  running  of  lines  of  the  estate — ^a 
number  of  the  tenants  have  asked  me  in  regard  to  that,  to  endeavor 
to  get  some  time,  as  soon  as  possible,  an  indication  of  wdiere  the  roads 
were  going  to  go,  so  we  would  know  where  to  put  fences,  and  if  we 
planted  trees  to  avoid  planting  in  the  right-of-Avay. 

Mr.  Jones.  Can  you  tell  me  how  much  road  construction  there  has 
been,  or  bridge  building  there  has  been,  since  this  contract  was  entered 
into  with  you  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  unable  to  state  the  sum  of  money  that  has 
been  expended  as  that  is  a  matter  that  I  have  no  official  cognizance  of, 
it  being  a  bureau  of  public  works  matter,  and  I  did  not  before  leav- 
ing Manila  secure  the  exact  data.  The  work,  I  can  state,  consisted  of 
placing  the  necessary  culverts.  In  the  first  place,  verifying  the  fact 
that  the  road  is  in  its  proper  place,  practically  a  road  survey;  then 
the  construction  of  the  necessary  culverts  and  bridge.  There  is  but 
one  structure  of  that  kind  on  the  road  that  could  be  termed  a  bridge. 
I  have  a  photograph  of  it  which,  if  desired,  I  could  submit.  The 
bridge  is  over  the  stream  forming  the  boundary  between  the  Piedad 
and  the  Tala  estates.  That  place  is  rather  a  deep  ravine.  The  bridge 
itself,  according  to  my  recollection,  cost  16,000  pesos.  It  is  possible 
that  it  costs  a  little  more.  I  am  confident  that  the  total  cost  was  at 
most  $10,000  gold,  because  I  recall  very  distinctly  the  fact  that  the 
contractor's  foreman  complained  to  me  one  day  that  they  were  losing 
money  on  the  bridge  and  told  me  the  cost. 

I  passed  there  in  April,  1899,  the  first  time,  or  perhaps  May,  1899. 
Gen.  Lawton's  troops  in  advancing  north  had  to  take  this  road  co- 
operating with  the  other  column  going  along  the  railroad,  and  we  had 
an  officer  and  12  men  in  the  party,  as  I  recall  it,  wounded  in  cross- 
ing at  that  point,  there  bein^  no  bridge  there  at  that  time  except  a 
little  bamboo  footbridge,  which  was  carried  away  in  every  freshet. 
We  had  to  go  down  into  the  ravine  and  up  again,  and  it  was  impossi- 
ble to  take  anything  but  the  two- wheeled  carts  and  field  artillery. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  the  bridge  was  not  constructed  until  after  you  en- 
tered into  this  contract  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Oh,  no;  it  was  not  constructed  until  after  I  en- 
tered into  this  contract.  It  was  determined  on  I  believe  about  the 
time.  I  regret  to  say  that  I  have  not  the  exact  date  when  that  bridge 
and  the  culverts  were  built. 

Mr.  Jones.  Tell  us  something  about  those  culverts  and  give  us 
some  idea  as  to  the  total  cost  of  the  culverts,  approximately,  of  course. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  familiar  with  the  cost  of  construction  of 
that  character.  It  is  something  I  have  neither  official  nor  personal 
knowledge  of. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  is  the  character  of  those  culverts? 

Mr.  CARPEN^rER.  They  are  permanent  construction  of  concrete  reen- 
forced  with  steel.  They  are  simply  box  culverts.  There  is  not  more 
than  one  that  could  be  mistaken,  even  by  a  person  not  familiar  with 
the  names  of  such  things,  for  a  bridge.  There  was  one  culvert  with 
possibly  10  or  12  feet  waterway  under  it.  The  others  are  simply  large 
sewer  pipe  size. 


382  ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr,  Jones.  About  how  many  of  those  are  there  along  this  road? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  would  be  merely  a  guess.  I  have  never  counted 
them.     I  presume  there  are  15  altogether. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  put  there  all  since  you  have  entered  into  this 
contract  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir, 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  there  been  any  work  of  any  consequence  on  the 
face  of  the  highway  itself  ? 

Mr.  Carpen^ter.  Only  on  the  end  next  to  the  city  of  Manila,  which 
was  occasioned  by  the  fact — a  matter  altogether  independent  of  this, 
but  necessary  to  understand — that  the  city  of  Manila  had  to  pur- 
chase a  site  for  a  cemetery,  and  after  purchasing  it  they  found  that 
there  was  an  old  road  through  it  which  they  closed,  and  the  munici- 
pality adjoining  the  city  brought  suit,  claiming  their  easement  or 
way  over  this  land.  It  was  finally  decided  that  their  claim  was 
good  and  the  city  of  Manila  settled  it  by  undertaking  to  provide  a 
road  outside,  by  passing  outside  the  cemetery,  to  give  them  their 
rights  in  the  matter,  a  way  for  the  people  to  come  into  the  city. 
That  necessitated  construction  of  a  roadway.  That  is  the  only  work 
other  than  filling  an  occasional  mudhole  I  recall. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  a  macadamized  road,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  work  done  near  the  city  limits  in  connection 
with  cemetery  is  stone,  practically  a  macadamized  road,  but  stone 
that  is  found  by  side  of  the  road  is  used  for  that  purpose.  It  is  less 
than  a  mile  or  about  a  mile  in  length.  The  stone  has  been  put  on 
at  that  end.  That  is  the  only  considerable  work  that  has  been  done 
so  far  as  the  road  itself  is  concerned. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  is  the  only  bridge  you  say — the  picture  which 
you  have  shown — of  any  consequence? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Are  there  any  smaller  ones? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Nothing  except 

Mr.  Jones.  These  culverts? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  culvert  I  spoke  of.  There  is  one,  and  it  is 
possible  that  there  are  two  that  are  10  feet,  but  I  am  very  confident 
there  is  only  one  culvert  that  has  a  waterway  as  much  as  10  feet,  and 
the  others  are  sewer-pipe  size. 

Mr.  Jones.  Has  any  public  work  been  done  on  this  estate  pur- 
chased by  you  in  the  way  of  constructing  roads  or  building  culverts, 
or  anything  of  that  sort? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir;  nothing. 

Mr.  Jones.  How  many  tenants  have  you  on  that  property  ? 
^  Mr.  Carpenter.  On  the  status  of  share  tenants — which  is  rather 
similar  to  our  share  arrangement  here  in  the  United  States  for  farm- 
ing— I  have  approximately  40,  only  one  of  whom  actually  lives  on 
the  land.  The  custom  is  to  live  in  the  village,  and  they  go  out  to 
the  land  during  the  planting  season  and  the  harvest  season. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  crops  do  you  raise  on  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  For  the  purpose  of  clearing  the  land  I  have 
utilized  what  we  term  upland  rice.  It  may  be  sown  thickly,  and  it  is 
better  than  anything  else  to  choke  out  or  control  wild  growth.  As 
rapidly  as  I  get  the  land  in  condition — well,  the  second  year — I  try  to 
put  in  trees,  making  a  tree  plantation.  If  desired  I  could  show 
photographs  showing  that. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  383 

Mr.  Jones.  The  members  of  the  committee  would  probably  like 
to  look  at  these  photographs. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Those  show  views  of  tree  plantations  growing.  It 
is  difficult  on  account  of  the  topography  to  get  an  extended  view. 
Rice  is  sown  between  the  trees  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  down  the 
wild  growth. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  have  not,  then,  thus  far  raised  any  remunerative 
crops  on  the  land? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir ;  I  have  not  on  any  land  under  my  general 
contract.  This  is  my  third  year,  and  at  the  time  I  left  Manila  the 
harvest  was  not  more  than  well  under  way.  The  indications  are  that 
we  will  have  nothing  this  year  more  than  seed,  plus  the  rice,  necessary 
for  the  tenant  for  his  own  food  until  the  next  harvest,  which  is,  of 
course,  a  small  thing. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  you  get  this  land  cleared  up  what  purpose  do 
you  propose  to  put  it  to  ?     What  crops  could  be  raised  on  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Kapok,  or  tree  cotton;  oranges,  I  expect,  will  do 
well  there.  We  are  near  Manila  and  that  is  compensation,  of  course, 
for  a  smaller  yield.  And  I  am  going  to  try  cacao — chocolate — and  a 
few  coconuts  in  a  small  way ;  but  the  kapok  and  oranges  are  my  chief 
reliance. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  the  land  adapted  to  sugar  cane  raising? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Very  little  of  it  seems  practicable  for  that.  They 
have  raised  a  little  cane  there,  barely  what  they  need  for  consumption 
on  the  place.  There  is  only  one  mill  on  the  entire  Tala  estate  that  I 
know  of,  and  that  is  a  little  one-horse  affair  of  the  style  of  a  hundred 
years  ago.  I  doubt  if  there  is  as  much  produced  there  as  the  people 
m  the  village  consume.  It  is  not  similar  to  any  other  sugar  land  I 
have  seen,  does  not  have  the  appearance  of  sugar  land.  The  cane 
grown  by  this  one  man,  who  is  a  tenant  on  the  estate — not  a  subtenant 
of  mine  at  all — is  very  poor  cane.  The  amount  grown  is  small,  as  I 
have  said.  The  estate  is  considered  a  rice  estate  in  low  places  and  the 
remainder  pasture.  That  is  the  popular  opinion  of  it.  Of  course  I 
am  going  ahead  in  the  belief  that  the  trees  I  have  mentioned  will 
do  well. 

Mr.  Jones.  Have  you  any  cattle  on  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  I  have  some  cattle  on  the  place.  I  have  G3 
cows,  3  bulls  for  breeding  purposes,  something  more  than  15  yearlings, 
and  probably  twenty-odd  calves  now.  I  also  have  about  50  carabao, 
or  water  buffalo,  for  work  and  breeding  purposes;  6  native  ponies 
for  use  by  my  manager  and  for  riding  about  the  pasture  by  the  men 
who  look  after  the  cattle.  ^  Then,  my  tenants,  or  partners — as  they 
are  termed  in  the  native  dialect — ^have  a  good  many  carabao  of  their 
own ;  I  am  uncertain  as  to  how  many.  There  are  other  cattle  in  the 
pasture  that  from  time  to  time  are  put  in  there  by  other  people, 
as  I  have  the  only  fenced  pastures  in  the  neighborhood,  and  they  ask 
me  perrnission  to  put  cattle  in  there  when  they  are  not  using  them. 

Mr.  Jones.  Have  you  erected  any  permanent  buildings  on  the 
property  since  you  purchased  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  erected  one  cattle  shed  for  the  rainy  sea- 
son. During  the  rainy  season  the  cattle  suffer  a  good  deal  from  the 
continued  rain,  especially  the  calves,  and  I  put  up  a  corrugated  sheet 
iron  roof  shed. 

]Mr.  Jones.  You  have  not  erected  any  residences  on  it? 


384  ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir;  everything  that  has  been  put  in  has  been 
as  far  as  possible  a  directly  productive  investment. 

Mr.  Graham.  I  would  like  to  ask  if  you  have  any  partners  in  the 
purchase  of  this  estate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No  partners,  except  in  the  local  sense,  that  every- 
one on  the  place  v^ho  is  working  on  shares  is  called  a  partner.  Of 
course  I  have  my  manager.  The  tenants  on  the  place  are  interested 
in  a  partnership  way  in  the  harvest.  There  is  a  certain  percentage 
that  belongs  to  them,  a  certain  percentage  of  the  products  raised. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  does  not  relate  to  the  purchase  of  lands? 

Mr.  Graham.  I  mean  the  purchase  of  the  lands  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Graham.  You  have  not  any  undisclosed  partner  in  the  land^ 
or  anybody  who  has  an  interest  in  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir;  I  am  absolutely  alone  in  my  investment* 

Mr.  Parsons.  Your  manager  has  no  interest  in  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  in  the  land  itself. 

Mr.  Helm.  He  has  a  part  of  the  crop  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  has  he  an  interest  in? 

Mr.  Carpenit^r.  In  the  annual  product  of  the  place. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  share  which  the  tenants  get? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  share  of  the  tenants  varies  according  to  the 
period  of  time  the  land  has  been  under  cultivation,  whether  the  ten- 
ant has  work  cattle  of  his  own,  whether  he  furnishes  part  of  the 
seed  or  none  at  all,  and  whether  he  furnishes  all  of  the  labor  for 
sowdng,  harvesting,  and  thrashing.  The  tenant's  share  varies  from 
30  per  cent  to  60  or  100  per  cent.    It  is  generally  one-half. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  you  fix  just  what  it  is  in  each  one  of  the  cases — - 
is  it  fixed  by  custom  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  fixed  by  local  custom,  and  very  seldom  varies 
from  that  custom. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  order  to  get  60  per  cent,  which  I  believe  you  said 
was  the  highest  share? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Under  ordinary  conditions.  There  are  some  ten- 
ants who  have  the  entire  crop,  where  they  go  on  the  land  and  break 
it,  clear  it.  Then  they  get  the  entire  crop  the  first  year,  and  in  fact 
I  assist  them  besides  that,  they  have  my  assistance  and  whatever  they 
get  ofl  the  land.  I  alway^s  watch  it  very  carefully,  because  my  con- 
tract is  that  if  there  is  a  marketable  crop  taken  ofJ,  the  rental  rate 
changes,  and  I  keep  myself  informed  as  to  what  it  is  producing. 
The  second  year  those  men  would  have  all  their  crop  and  perhaps  a 
little  assistance  or  not,  depending  upon  the  circumstances,  from  me. 
In  many  instances  this  year  the  tenant  will  have  all  the  crop,  and,  if 
I  may  be  permitted  to  add,  in  addition  to  the  forty-odd  people  I 
have  spoken  of  in  answer  to  Mr.  Jones's  questions,  there  are  about  as 
many  more  who  are  cultivating  land  on  my  holdings,  breaking  the 
land  under  an  agreement  made  that  they  would  be  allowed  to  continue 
for  at  least  three  years  cultivating  the  same  parcel  of  land  that  they 
are  on.  That  is  the  life  of  my  lease,  and  that  is  the  only  period 
which  they  cultivate  land  of  this  sort,  and  then  they  generally  aban- 
don it — that  is  their  practice. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  to  happen  at  the  end  of  the  three  3^ears? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  385 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  expect  to  get  a  crop.  These  parcels  that 
I  now  speak  of  are  the  better  land.  They  pick  out  low-lying  places 
onto  which  the  soil  has  washed  from  the  higher  adjoining  land.  I 
expect  that  next  year  probably  some  of  that  will  be  coming  into  a 
fairly  good  crop. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  they  take  all  that  crop  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  take  all  they  get  the  first  year;  it  is  hard 
to  state  a  general  rule. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  mean  these  particular  people;  you  did  not  say  40 
subtenants,  but  40  additional,  you  said. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  In  regard  to  these  additional  tenants,  it  varies  a 
good  deal;  but  because  of  the  land  being  relatively  easy  to  get  under 
cultivation  as  compared  with  other  land,  they  pay  me  the  second 
year  a  peso  for  the  land,  which  they  sow  with  1  cavan — which  is 
a  measure  that  corresponds  to  a  bushel  with  us — of  seed.  This  is 
rather  a  recognition  of  my  rights  in  the  matter  than  any  compen- 
sation, and  of  course  adequate  to  cover  the  rental  rate  on  that  and 
some  adjoining  land  which  is  unsuitable  for  cultivation. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  what  will  they  do  after  next  year  ?  Will  they 
abandon  that  land? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  If  any  will  have  completed  their  third  3^ear  on 
that  land,  they  Mali  probably  abandon  it — that  is,  they  would  fol- 
low their  own  course  unless  I  could  induce  them  to  continue  on  the 
share  basis  to  carry  the  trees  through  to  production. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  they  planted  trees? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  on  their  own  account.  It  is  not  customary 
among  the  people  to  plant  trees  on  a  plantation  scale;  the\'  merely 
plant  a  few  trees  about  their  houses  and  on  the  land  immediately 
adjacent. 

%h\  Parsons.  Will  you  plant  any  trees  on  the  land  they  are  culti- 
vating? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  that  is  a  part  of  the  agreement — that  I  go 
on  and  plant  the  second  year. 

Mr.  Graham.  When  do  you  anticipate  getting  returns  from  these 
trees  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  expect  next  year,  the  fourth  year,  to  get  some 
returns  from  them.  It  was  believed  that  the  third  year  would  be 
the  first  crop,  but  I  do  not  see  any  evidence  of  that. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  are  they  good  for? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  fiber  is  considered  the  best  known  for  up- 
holstering, for  instance  Pullman  cars,  and  many  purposes  of  that 
sort;  also  for  mattresses.  I  have  heard  that  the  Ostermoor  mat- 
tresses are  made  of  it,  although  I  do  not  know  about  that.  It  is  a 
nonabsorbent;  you  can  place  it  under  water  for  a  week,  and  take  it 
out,  shake  it  a  moment,  and  it  will  be  dry. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  do  these  subtenants  come  from  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Some  of  them  live  in  the  village  on  the  Tala 
estate;  some  of  them  have  holdings  of  their  own — land  of  a  different 
kind.  If  I  may  explain  that  I  will  do  so.  These  people  are  people 
who  are  original  tenants  of  the  estate.  They  have  now  purchased 
what  they  selected  as  their  original  holdings,  all  low  rice  lands — that 
is,  land  which  is  puddled  and  rice  planted  during  the  rainy  seasan. 
It  only  takes  two  or  three  months  of  the  year  to  do  that.  It  is  there- 
fore their  practice  during  the  dry  season  to  go  elsewhere  and  raise 


386  ADMINISTRATION"   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

rice  on  high  land,  which  is  sown  at  a  different  season  and  harvested 
at  a  different  season  and  does  not  interfere  with  the  rice  on  their 
own  land.  Or,  perhaps,  they  will  take  a  little  firewood  to  town,  or 
they  may  pick  wild  fruits  and  take  them  to  town,  or  they  may  com- 
bine all  three. 

Mr.  Parsons.  JTou  have  gotten  them  to  do  that  work  on  your  land 
instead  of  elsewhere;  is  that  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir.  Well,  they  have  not  done  that  for  a 
long  time,  because  of  the  fact  that  they  were  afraid  to  go  out  in  that 
direction  from  the  village,  to  take  their  cattle  out  or  work  there. 
They  had  always  gone  toward  the  railway,  to  an  adjoining  estate, 
the  Maliuta  estate,  another  property.  They  had  gone  there  and 
sown  their  upland  rice,  and  so  on,  being  afraid  to  take  their  work 
cattle  out  on  lands  toward  the  mountains,  which  is  the  direction  my 
land  lies.  And  in  that  connection,  it  brings  up  the  matter  regarding 
the  provision  for  police  protection  in  my  contract.  From  time  im- 
memorial that  vicinity  has  been  the  runway  of  cattle  thieves  and 
fugitives  from  justice  from  Manila.  It  is  an  unsettled  country  with 
no  villages  or  people  residing  there,  and  on  account  of  the  gullies 
and  jungles  it  forms  a  very  easy  hiding  place  for  fugitives.  As  a 
consequence  the  people  did  not  go  in  that  direction  to  cultivate  up- 
land rice  or  engage  in  farming  operations  of  any  kind,  to  any  extent. 
Probably  the  fact  that  I  am  an  American  and  the  persuasiveness  of 
my  manager  and  my  assurances  to  them  caused  a  few  the  first  year  to 
go  out,  and  in  discussing  the  matter  in  a  preliminary  way  before 
entering  into  the  contract  my  attention  was  called  by  the  people  in 
the  village  of  Novaliches  to  the  danger  of  having  cattle  out  there. 

They  cited  a  number  of  people  who  had  been  killed  and  robbed 
in  going  along  a  trail  through  there,  and  they  called  my  attention 
to  the  necessity  for  police  protection;  that  it  would  be  out  of  the 
question  to  undertake  the  cultivation  of  land  which  would  mean 
holding  overnight  any  work  cattle  there,  unless  there  were  some  ade- 
quate provision  made  for  the  security  of  property.  There  had  always 
been  a  detachment  of  the  guardia  civil  in  the  village  of  Novaliches. 
The  tradition  is  that  they  never  stirred  out  of  the  shadow  of  the 
village  or  their  cuartel.  That  guard  was  followed,  when  we  took 
possession,  by  a  detachment  of  our  troops  or  constabulary,  but  it 
was  understood  that  the  constabulary  would  be  taken  away;  that 
was  the  understanding  of  the  people,  and  they  asked  me  to  endeavor 
to  get  some  assurance  that  the  constabulary  would  be  retained.  The 
constabulary  detachment  is  on  that  Piedad  estate  adjoining,  near 
the  boundary. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Has  that  detachment  been  continued  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  continued. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  Novaliches? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  practically  in  the  village  of  Novaliches,  be- 
cause the  village  extends  over  on  the  Piedad  estate  for  some  distance. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  large  a  village  is  Novaliches;  how  many  in- 
habitants are  there? 

Mr.  Carpeni^r.  I  am  unable  to  state  the  exact  population ;  I  think 
the  village  itself  can  not  exceed  1,000  men,  women,  and  children,  but 
it  is  stretched  out  along  the  road  for  quite  a  distance. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  road  on  either  side  of  the  river  there 

Mr.  Carfeni^r.  I  beg  your  pardon  ? 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  387 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  near  that  bridge  that  you  have  shown  is  the 
village  of  Novaliches? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  lies  on  both  sides;  the  village  is  divided  by 
that  gully  and  the  rough  ground  coming  down  to  it  into  two  parts, 
and  it  lies  consequently  on  both  sides  of  the  bridge. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  are  the  occupied  lands  on  that  estate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  occupied  lands  lie  chiefly — or  those  occupied 
when  I  went  there — are  chiefly  on  the  left  as  you  go  over  the  bridge, 
toward  the  village,  which  is  the  direction  toward  the  railway. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  have  been  taken  up  since  you  went  there? 
You  spoke  as  if  some  additional  lands  had  been  taken  up  since  you 
executed  your  contract. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Following  the  execution  of  my  contract,  as  soon 
as  executed  in  fact,  interest  was  aroused,  and  applications  came  in, 
my  manager  stating  to  everyone  inquiring  that  lands  could  be  secured 
on  request,  and  more  than  8,000  acres  of  land,  which  was  vacant  at 
the  time  I  went  on  the  estate,  were  taken  over.  I  believe,  practically 
now,  more  than  9,000  acres  of  land  va-cant  when  I  went  on  the  estate 
has  been  taken  up  by  people  who  went  on  the  estate  after  I  did. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  in  what  direction  is  that  land? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  lies  to  the  north  and  east  of  the  village. 
All  that  territory  which  I  speak  of  as  having  been  avoided  by  the 
people. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Well,  is  it  low  land  or  high  land  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  rolling,  broken  land.  If  it  is  must  be  classed 
as  either  low  or  high  land,  it  would  be  called  high  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  it  near  the  river  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  is  no  river.  That  stream  on  the  map  may 
be  termed  a  river,  but  it  is  not  navigable  even  for  a  small  dugout 
canoe. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  there  is  enough  water  to  irrigate  rice  lands? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  If  it  were  pumped  up  it  would  irrigate  a  little. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  is  a  gully  all  the  way  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  a  gully  all  the  way.  During  the  dry  season, 
when  irrigation  is  needed,  there  is  barely  a  current.  There  are  water 
holes  where  the  cattle  drink,  and  there  is  a  little  current,  but  the 
volume  of  water  is  very  small  in  the  dry  season. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  said  that  since  you  had  left  some  of  your  land 
has  been  disposed  of.  I  did  not  quite  understand  that.  To  whom 
has  it  been  disposed  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  was  here  on  vacation  last  June.  After  I  left 
here,  on  reaching  Manila  I  found  that  there  were  three  parcels  which 
had  been  under  discussion  by  people  who  wanted  them,  and  my 
manager  and  I  closed  the  transaction  by  transferring  those,  thereby 
reducing  the  total  area  I  had. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Plave  those  people  made  any  application  to  the 
director  of  public  lands? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  assume  they  have.  With  two  of  them  my  man- 
ager alone  discussed  the  matter;  I  did  not  see  them.  The  parcels 
were  small.  He  told  me  that  they  found  at  the  land  office  that  they 
had  failed  to  declare  all  of  their  holdings;  that  two  parcels  which 
they  had  been  cultivating  all  the  time  had  been  included  in  my  land 
through  their  failure  to  declare  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  so  you  relinquished  them? 


388  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes.  I  wrote  a  letter  or  told  the  agent  to  cancel 
my  leases  and  make  out  the  papers  for  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Under  your  lease  you  were  required  to  do  a  certain 
amount  of  cultivation  each  year? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  you  would  explain  just  what  cultivation  you 
did.  It  says  here  that  the  grazing  by  cattle  should  be  considered  as 
cultivation. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  under  cultivation  at  least  800  hectares  of 
land  of  my  present  holdings,  a  total  of  1,694  hectares,  of  which  nearly 
500  hectares  in  small  divided  pieces  are  not  practical  to  utilize;  but 
I  have  at  least  800  hectares,  and  I  believe  more — I  will  know  at  the 
end  of  this  month  when  it  is  checked  up — under  cultivation. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is,  as  distinguished  from  mere  pastures? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  was  going  to  explain  that — about  400  in  rice, 
tree  plantations,  etc.,  and  more  than  400  are  classed  as  under  culti- 
vation by  reason  of  pasturing.  I  have  photographs  which  will  show 
the  effect  of  pasturing. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  did  you  say  that  pasturage  was? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  More  than  400  hectares.  I  have  three  pastures 
fenced. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  what  is  the  cultivation  on  the  rest? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  cultivation  on  the  rest  is  rice,  trees,  etc.,  as  I 
have  described  a  little  while  ago,  and  I  have  photographs  showing 
that.land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  For  three  years  you  have  how  much  fenced  and  pas- 
turage ;  how  much  in  rice  and  how  much  in  trees  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  unable  to  state  the  area  I  have  planted  in 
trees. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Please  give  it  to  us  approximately. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have,  I  believe,  more  than  100  hectares  in  trees. 
I  have  lost  a  good  many  trees  during  this  past  year.  I  have  been  in 
the  United  States  a  good  deal  of  the  time,  and  I  confess  that  I  did 
not  go  over  closely  to  see  how  much  I  had  lost.  That  is,  there  would 
be,  perhaps,  a  large  tract  Avhere  the  deer  have  eaten  the  trees,  or  the 
deer  and  the  wild  hogs  have  ruined  perhaps  10  or  15  or  20  hectares  or 
more  of  trees,  cleaned  them  off. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  you  had  planted  in  trees  how  many  hectares? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  had  at  one  time  nearly  200  hectares  j)lanted  in 
trees. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  how  much  in  rice  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Fully  that  much  more. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  road  fund  you  refer  to? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  is  merely  a  classification  in  the  budget  of  rev- 
enue for  the  purpose  of  indicating  a  restriction  of  law.  The  revenue 
derived  from  the  land  tax  and  from  certain  other  sources  is  utilized 
chiefly  for  the  construction  of  roads,  the  maintenance  of  roads,  and 
that  fund  which  is  destined  exclusively  for  the  construction  and 
maintenance  of  roads  is  termed  the  road  fund. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  is  called  the  road  fund  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  it  is  appropriated  for;  it  is  not  taken  out  of  any 
particular  revenue  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  389 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Well,  under  the  organic  law  of  the  provinces  I 
thing  it  is  the  organic  provincial  government  act,  as  it  is  termed,^ cer- 
tain revenues  may  only  be  used  exclusively  for  the  maintenance  and 
construction  of  roads.     The  terms  of  the  organic  act  provide  that. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  did  not  understand  your  statement  to  Mr.  Jones's 
questions  about  the  relation  of  this  provision  in  your  lease  to  this  road 
policy.     I  would  be  glad  if  you  would  explain  that  more  fully. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  endeavored  to  make  clear  that  these  friar  haci- 
endas are  not  subject  to  taxation.  Consequently  there  is  no  revenue 
accruing  from  land  tax  on  those  holdings.  There  is  therefore  a 
shortage  in  the  normal  provision  of  revenue  for  road  construction 
and  maintenance  in  these  districts.  The  Philippine  Legislature  has, 
as  a  matter  of  policy,  recognized  that  fact  and  made  special  pro- 
vision for  the  construction  of  roads  and  bridges  on  the  friar  haci- 
endas. The  work  has  been  done  I  know  on  some  haciendas.  As  I 
stated  to  Mr.  Jones,  my  purpose  in  getting  that  in  the  contract  was 
to  confirm  and  make  of  record  the  policy  under  which  all  of  us  who 
had  gone  on  the  haciendas  as  tenants  had  entered  on  our  agreements 
with  the  Government. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  the  tax  raised  on  land  and  the  products  of  land 
and  used  for  roads  a  provincial  tax? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  disposes  of  that? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  provincial  board,  under  the  supervisory 
control,  so  far  as  roads  are  concerned,  of  the  director  of  public  work. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  the  board  is  composed  of  three  people,  is  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  two  of  whom  are  elected. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  one  appointed? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  One  appointed  by  the  Governor  General. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  that  the  board  of  public  works  of  the  province? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No;  the  director  of  public  works  is  an  insular 
official. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  when  does  this  estate  land  commence  to  pay 
taxes  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  When  titles  issue  to  purchasers,  which  would  be 
upon  the  completion  of  payment.  In  the  case  of  deferred  payments 
it  would  be  at  most  20  years,  and  in  other  cases  earlier. 

Mr.  Parsons.  So  you  would  not  be  called  upon  to  pay  any  taxes 
on  what  you  have  leased  and  purchased 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Until  completed  payment;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  there  any  taxes  upon  your  personal  estate  there, 
on  your  cattle  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Only  a  registration  tax.  Cattle  are  required  to 
be  branded  in  a  certain  manner  and  registered.  There  is  a  fee 
charged  for  that,  which  accrues  to  the  municipal  treasury. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  spoke  of  your  first  seeing  the  place  where  this 
bridge  is  at  the  time  when  Gen.  Lawton  was  there.  How  did  you 
happen  to  be  there  at  that  time ;  what  was  your  position  then  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  was  chief  clerk  at  headquarters  of  Gen.  Lawton. 
I  had  gone  to  the  Philippines  in  that  capacity,  and  ordinarily  accom- 
panied the  general  on  his  campaigns;  that  is,  the  long  and  important 
campaigns  I  accompanied  him,  leaving  an  assistant  in  charge  of  the 
office  in  the  city. 


390  ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  had  been  your  position  before  you  went  to  the 
Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  was  a  civilian  clerk  in  the  War  Department. 
1  had  been  in  the  South  as  private  secretary  to  the  commanding 
general  of  the  Fourth  Army  Corps. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  long  had  you  been  in  the  War  Department  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  As  a  civilian  and  in  military  capacity  since  1889. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  what  military  capacity  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  As  a  noncommissioned  staff  officer  and  in  lower 
grades. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  first  civil  position  you  had  in  the 
Philippines,  after  this  one  under  Gen.  Lawton? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  After  Gen.  Lawton's  death  I  became  private 
secretary  and  in  charge  of  civil  affairs,  so  far  as  there  were  any, 
under  Gen.  Bates,  who  succeeded  Gen.  Lawton;  and  then  I  became 
private  secretarv  to  the  military  governor,  and  held  that  position 
until  the  time  oi  the  termination  of  the  military  government. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  was  the  military  governor  T 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Gen.  MacArthur. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  what  position  did  you  have  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  For  a  few  months,  from  the  4th  of  July,  1901,  to 
the  1st  of  March,  1902, 1  was  assistant  manager  of  a  fidelity  insurance 
company  established  at  Manila;  and  having  finished  the  work  of 
organization,  I  reentered  the  Government  service  in  the  capacity 
of  chief  clerk  in  the  executive  bureau  there,  and  was  promoted  to  the 
position  of  assistant  secretary,  which  I  held  when  I  entered  into  this 
lease  or  contract,  on  the  1st  of  February;  just  prior  to  the  actual 
filing  of  the  contract,  I  was  promoted  to  my  present  position. 

Mr.  Parsons.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Fergusson  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  I  succeeded  Mr.  Fergusson  the  1st  of 
February,  1908. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  do  the  same  sort  of  work  that  he  did? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  in  general,  except  I  do  not  act  as  inter- 
preter to  the  extent  he  did.  Also,  I  have  retained  the  more  important 
duties  that  I  had  as  assistant  executive  secretary.  I  am  not  the  con- 
fidential man  to  the  Governor  General — that  is,  the  private  secretary 
and  also  the  assistant  private  secretary.  I  have  specific  duties  fixed 
by  law,  which  are  primarily  the  supervisory  control  of  the  financial 
affairs  of  local  governments,  such  as  looking  after  the  time  deposits 
of  provincial  and  municipal  funds,  and  the  authorization  of  em- 
ployees, assistants,  and  so  forth,  in  provincial  and  municipal  govern- 
ments in  the  so-called  Christian  provinces ;  and  I  have  correspondence 
with  the  consular  corps  and  a  lot  of  miscellaneous  duties  which  do 
not  devolve  under  the  law  or  the  organic  acts  upon  any  other  ofiicial 
than  myself. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  those  duties  provided  by  statute  or  by  each  suc- 
ceeding legislature? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  always  specifically,  and  they  are  scattered 
through  the  legislation.  Many  of  them  are  not  specifically  men- 
tioned, or  it  may  be  that  it  is  simply  logical  that  they  devolve  upon 
me,  upon  the  theory  that  all  duties  of  a  minor  character,  such  as  I 
have  spoken  of,  correspondence,  and  so  forth,  would  be  handled  by 
my  office. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  you  required  to  make  a  report  annually? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  391 

Mr.  Carpeniick.  Yes,  sir ;  I  make  an  annual  report  to  the  Governor 
General. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  those  reports  printed  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  certain  that  the  last  report  was.  Prior 
to  that  they  were  printed  here  in  Washington  as  part  of  the  report 
of  the  Secretary  of  War.  It  appears  as  an  exhibit  or  addition  to 
the  report  of  the  Governor  General  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  a  photograph  of  any  of  those  culverts 
that  you  spoke  of  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  sorry  to  say  I  have  nothing  but  a  photo- 
graph of  the  bridge. 

Mr.  Madison.  Why  is  this  friar  land  exempt  from  taxation? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  the  property  of  the  Philippine  Government. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  the  theory  upon  which  it  is  exempt? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  After  it  passes  into  private  ownership,  though,  to 
the  extent  of  a  person  purchasing  it  or  leasing  it,  why  is  it  then  ex> 
empt  from  taxation? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  exempt  until  title  passes  from  the  Govern- 
ment to  the  purchaser  which  I  understand  to  be  on  the  day  of  the 
final  payment  for  the  land,  that  the  title  remains  in  the  Government 
until  the  final  payment  on  the  purchase  price  is  made,  and  then  it 
ceases  to  be  exempt  from  taxation. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then,  in  other  words,  a  man  could  make  a  contract 
for  the  purchase  of  that  friar  land  in  annual  installments,  requiring 
20  years  to  pay  the  total  purchase  price,  and  have  the  use  of  the  land 
absolutely  exempt  from  taxation  for  that  20  years  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  At  the  present  time  he  could,  for  20  years,  I  think. 
There  is  a  certain  one-year  period,  one  year  prior  to  the  date  of  the 
maturity  of  the  bonds — one  year  prior  to  that  the  final  payments 
will  be  due,  and  during  that  period  of  deferred  payments  there  is 
no  land  tax.  It  is  my  understanding  that  there  is  no  land  tax  which 
may  be  collected  on  the  land,  as  the  title  is  in  the  Government,  as  I 
have  said.  The  purchaser  pays,  of  course,  4  per  cent  interest  on  de- 
ferred payments  in  addition  to  annual  paj^ments. 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes ;  but  he  has  the  absolute  use  of  the  land,  obtains 
all  the  profits  from  it  for  that  period  of  time,  say  for  19  years, 
in  the  case  of  the  20-year  proposition.    That  is  true,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  he  has  complete  control  and  enjoyment 
of  the  land  during  that  period,  as  though  it  were  his  own. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  all  his  personal  property  on  the  land  is  exempt? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  We  have  no  personal  property  tax  in  the  Chris- 
tian provinces. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  as  a  matter  of  fact  his  personal  property  is 
exempt  under  the  law? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  but  not  because  he  is  a  tenant  or  purchaser 
of  friar  lands.  It  is  the  same  thing  if  he  is  living  in  the  city  or 
living  on  other  lands ;  there  is  no  personal  property  tax. 

Mr,  Madison.  How  much  did  you  agree  to  pay  for  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  cost  price  to  the  Government,  computed  on 
the  rule  which  applies  to  all  lands,  which  amounts — ^the  total — from 
my  present  holdings,  in  United  States  currencv,  $32,255. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  for  how  many  acres  f 


392  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  is  for  approximately  4,000  acres — 1,694  hec- 
tares. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  acres? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Approximately  4,000. 

Mr.  Madison.  Now,  to  refresh  my  recollection,  you  simply  hold  the 
land  by  lease  at  this  time? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  this  land  that  is  under  discussion  is  all  leased 
as  yet. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  have  not  exercised  the  option  to  purchase? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  you  have  the  exclusive  right  to  purchase  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  the  holder  of  an  option ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  how  long  did  your  lease  run? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  is  a  separate  lease  executed  for  each  parcel 
of  25  hectares  or  less.  Those  leases  expire  at  varying  times;  if  I 
recall  correctly  the  jfirst  lot  will  expire  June  30,  1911. 

Mr.  Madison.  Your  leases  expire  then? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  begin  to  expire  June  30,  1911. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  does  the  last  one  expire? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  December  31,  1912. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  there  a  provision  in  regard  to  the  exclusive  rights 
of  re-lease? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  do  not  understand  that  I  can  re-lease,  inasmuch 
as  the  estate  is  ready  for  sale. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  would  have  to  exercise  your  option  to  purchase, 
then? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Or  abandon  it. 

Mr.  Madison  (continuing).  Within  the  life  of  your  leasing? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  later  than  the  expiration  of  my  lease;  it  is  my 
understanding  that  I  must  exercise  my  option  to  purchase  or  aban- 
don my  holdings  on  that  day. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  what  length  of  time  do  you  have  to  pay  for  the 
land  now  under  the  terms  of  your  lease?  I  know  I  can  read  the 
lease,  but  I  assume  you  know  it  and  can  state  it. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  find  the  practice  varies,  but  it  will  not  exceed 
19  deferred  payments  on  any  one  parcel.  There  is  not  one  lease  on 
the  whole  lot  of  land  there — I  have  a  great  lot  of  them  and  there  are 
all  sorts  of  areas  of  land.  These  are  leases  [indicating]  that  expire 
December  31,  1912,  and  they  are  parcels  that  vary  anywhere  from 
141  square  meters,  which  I  think  is  about  one-fortieth  of  an  acre,  to 
a  block  of  25  hectares,  which  would  be  about  62|  acres.  On  those 
small  parcels  the  final  payment  will  come  perhaps  in  some  cases  the 
second  year.  Those  would  be  small  parcels  of  like  this  of  141 
square  meters,  on  which  the  payment  would  be  2  pesos,  that  is  the  ap- 
praised value,  and  there  would  be  less  than  2  pesos  due  because  of 
rent  payment,  and  the  first  payment  will  extinguish  that,  probably. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  have  a  general  land  tax  in  the  Philippines,  have 
you  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir;  in  all  regularly  organized  provinces  there 
is  a  land  tax  not  exceeding  seven-eighths  of  1  per  cent  of  the  as- 
sessed valuation,  the  assessed  valuation  being  supposed  to  be  the 
full  current  market  value  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  much  of  a  land  tax  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Seven-eighths  of  1  per  cent. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  393 

Mr.  Madison.  In  the  case  of  public  land  where  contract  is  made 
to  purchase  public  lands  other  than  friar  lands,  what  about  the  pro- 
vision as  to  taxation. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  familiar  with  the  administration  of 
public  lands  and  have  no — I  am  unable  to  say  more  than  merely  my 
opinion  as  a  resident  of  the  islands,  that  the  same  rule  applies  to 
public  lands  as  applies  to  frair  lands,  that  when  title  actually  passes 
to  the  purchaser  then  and  only  then  does  it  become  liable  to  taxation. 

Mr.  Parson s._I  would  like  to  ask  what  the  cattle  feed  on  that  you 
pasture  on  your  estate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  At  the  end  of  the  rainy  season  the  pasture  is  pre- 
pared by  waiting  for  about  10  days  of  hot,  dry  weather,  when  we 
break  down  the  growth  of  cogon,  wild  grass,  and  the  following  day 
set  fire  to  it,  burning  it  off.  Then  the  tender  shoots  of  this  cogon 
grass  come  up,  sprout  very  quickly,  and  the  cattle  eat  those  shoots, 
as  they  are  very  tender  and  apparently  somewhat  nutritious.  They 
in  that  way  dominate  more  or  less  the  cogon  the  first  year.  It  never 
reaches  any  height,  never  gets  rank.  They  also  pick  in  the  shade,  in 
the  gullies,  places  that  cogon  has  not  come  in,  a  little  Bermuda — there 
is  some  Bermuda  to  be  found,  although  very  little  of  it — and  other 
wild  grasses  that  are  fairly  good  pasture.  The  second  year  they 
dominate  a  still  larger  amount  of  this  cogon  grass,  and  that  year  land 
that  they  dominated  the  first  year  other  grasses  generally  come  in  the 
second  year,  and  in  three  years  of  intelligent  pasturing  I  feel  con- 
fident of  practically  eliminating  the  cogon  grass.  Now,  in  two  or 
three  years,  if  abandoned,  it  will  probably  come  back,  I  would  fear  it; 
but  the  third  year,  I  feel  confident,  from  my  experience,  of  getting  rid 
of  the  cogon,  practically  getting  rid  of  it  by  pasturing.  If  you  will 
notice  some  of  those  photographs  you  will  see  nothing  but  short  grass 
under  the  cattle's  feet. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  this  picture  here  this  grass  has  been  apparently 
all  burned  over. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No;  that  is  a  new  pasture;  that  will  be  burned 
over  probably  this  month. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  where  the  cattle  are  here  [indicating]  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  is  a  rocky  ledge. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  are  they  pasturing  on  there? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  are  simply  being  driven  along,  a  man  is 
driving  them  along,  and  the  man  who  took  that  photograph  snapped 
it  before  they  all  got  in  view. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  are  they  eating  there? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  are  eating  the  short  grass  that  is  growing 
between  these  large  leaves  [indicating] .  That  wide  leaf  has  no  mar- 
ket value,  and  it  comes  in  as  you  get  rid  of  that  other  grass  and  is 
the  next  problem  you  have  to  deal  with. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  you  cultivate  land  for  rice  you  break  it  up 
with  the  carabao? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  it  is  plowed  the  first  year  four  times  and 
finally  harrow^ed,  or  combed,  literally,  with  something  like  a  spiked- 
tooth  harrow,  with  one  row  of  teeth,  and  rather  long,  and  the  roots  of 
this  cogon  grass  are  taken  out  and  dried  several  days  in  the  sun  and 
then  burned.  If  that  is  not  done  that  grass  is  rather  persistent  in 
sprouting,  and  if  those  roots  stay  in  the  soil  it  is  absolutely  out  of  the 
question  to  get  anything  else  to  grow.     In  decaying  they  appear  to 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 29 


894  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

liberate  an  acid  which  requires  a  large  amount  of  lime  to  neutralize, 
and  the  land  is  for  several  years  too  strongly  acid  for  a  good  strong 
vigorous  growth  of  any  crop.  The  rice  is  yellow  instead  of  a  deep 
green,  as  it  is  on  old  land.  It  is  of  a  lightish  color,  indicating  that  it 
IS  growing  in  acid  soil,  which  is  due  to  the  decaying  roots  of  the 
cogon  grass. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  have  to  do  any  breaking  of  the  soil  in  order 
to  plant  trees? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  custom  is  to  go  on  the  land  that  has  been 
plowed  and  cultivate  it  the  second  year,  at  the  right  season,  and  make 
a  place  for  each  tree,  with  a  large  post-hole  auger,  make  a  hole  of 
reasonable  depth  so  that  the  taproot  of  the  tree  can  anchor  it  well 
against  cyclones  and  typhoons. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  done  the  second  year? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  second  year  we  endeavor  to  do  it;  yes,  sir. 
That  gives  two  years  at  least  of  cultivation  of  the  ground,  and  more 
if  it  is  possible  to  keep  the  men  on  the  land.  That  is  something  that 
is  regulated  by  local  custom.  In  cogon  land  the  rule  is  not  to  culti- 
vate it  at  all  if  it  is  possible  to  avoid  it.  They  only  cultivate  it  be- 
cause there  is  practically  no  more  timberland  within  reasonable  reach. 
They  prefer  to  cut  heavy  timber  and  burn  it  and  raise  rice  until  cogon 
comes  in  rather  than  break  cogon  land  and  plant  rice. 

Mr.  Parsons.  W^l^  this  is  the  rice  that  you  do  not  irrigate? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  this  is  rice  they  do  not  irrigate. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  think  you  stated  a  while  ago  that  it  was  the 
custom  of  the  people  to  only  cultivate  land  for  three  years  and  then 
abandon  it? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Eeferring  to  land  of  this  character,  yes. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Why  did  they  do  it?  They  have  got  it  only 
partly  subdued  by  that  time. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  high  land  is  not  rich  in  the  elements  that 
rice  requires,  and  there  are  large  tracts  that  I  know  of,  parcels  of 
land  near  Manila,  that  are  practically  devoid  of  any  rank  growth  of 
vegetation;  just  little  bits  of  sickly  vegetation  on  it,  old  rice  land, 
and  during  11  or  12  years  I  have  never  seen  any  such  thing  grown 
on  it. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  This  cogon  grass  is  of  no  value,  then? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Only  a  thing  to  be  gotten  rid  of? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Its  only  value  is  the  first  sprouting  out? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  when  it  gets  up  large,  as  seen  in  some  of 
those  photographs,  it  seems  to  be  nothing  but  silica,  water,  and  a 
little  cellular  tissue  to  hold  it  together.  I  have  lost  a  number  of 
animals  that  I  turned  in  the  pasture  and  who  fed  on  that.  I  had 
a  post-mortem  examination  made  on  one  of  those  animals  and  found 
that  in  an  effort  to  digest  what  seemed  to  be  cogon  grass  the  animal 
had  gotten  wads  of  something  in  its  stomach,  like  wads  of  excelsior, 
and  it  was  thought  that  was  the  cause  of  death.  The  native  cattle 
learn  not  to  eat  cogon  when  it  is  rank,  but  imported  cattle  will  ap- 
parently try  to  eat  it  and  can  not  digest  it. 

Mr.  I*ARSONS.  In  pasturing  in  the  method  you  describe,  do  you 
hope  to  kill  out  the  cogon? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  I  feel  very  confident  of  it. 


ADMIISriSTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  395 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  long  will  it  take? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  expect  the  third  year  to  have  the  cogon  dis- 
posed of  to  a  great  extent.  Some  of  those  small  photographs  show 
that. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Then  the  term  pasturing  there  is  used  in  your  con- 
tract there  as  part  of  the  need  of  subduing  the  soil  and  preparing  it 
for  cultivation? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  cultivation  in  a  sense ;  in  that  sense,  the  pre- 
paring of  the  land. 

Mr.  Madison.  Would  not  burning  it  off  have  the  same  effect  as 
pasturing  has? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No.  By  pasturing  the  cogon  dies  out  and  is  re- 
placed by  other  growths. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  see. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Because  of  the  pasturing,  not  because  of  the  burn- 
ing? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  explained  that  before,  and  I  beg  your  pardon 
for  asking  the  question.  In  other  words,  if  the  top  is  kept  down  the 
roots  die? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Apparently ;  anyway  it  does  not  appear  any  more. 

Mr.  Kucker.  Do  you  have  any  difficulty  in  getting  laborers  there  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  now.  The  first  year  I  did,  because  they 
didn't  know  an  American  agriculturist  in  the  country  and  there  were 
all  sorts  of  rumors  as  to  what  would  happen  to  them  if  the  trees 
died,  if  they  worked  for  me;  rumors  Avhich  are  often  spread  among 
people  of  that  class.  The  second  year  I  had  practically  all  that  I 
could  supply  with  animals  or  look  after,  and  this  year  I  have  turned 
away  a  good  many. 

Mr.  RucKER.  Are  the  wages  fixed  over  there  by  custom?  Their 
relations  are  fixed  by  custom ;  you  spoke  about  that  before. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes.  The  demand  for  labor  there  is  practically 
the  city  of  Manila.  People  go  into  the  city  of  Manila  and  work  a 
great  deal  as  laborers.  They  go  and  work  for  a  week,  a  month,  or 
six  weeks,  or  whatever  period  is  necessary  to  give  them  the  money 
that  they  wish  to  get.  If  a  man  owes  P20  on  account  of  the  burial 
of  his  wife  or  mother,  he  will  go  into  Manila  and  work  until  he  gets 
his  f=20  to  pay  his  debt. 

Mr.  RucKER.  About  this  custom  of  division  of  the  payment — divi- 
sion of  the  crop — about  how  old  is  that  custom? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  So  far  as  I  can  judge,  it  is  a  gradual  growth;  it  is 
as  old  as  the  people:  that  is,  it  has  been  modified  as  conditions  have 
changed.  It  certainly  obtained  and  has  obtained  during  this  genera- 
tion. 

Mr.  Eucker.  Do  you  feel  bound  by  those  customs,  or  do  you  corre- 
spond to  the  customs  in  making  contracts  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  always  guided  by  local  customs. 

Mr.  Eucker.  What  would  become  of  you  if  you  did  not  bow  to 
that? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  people  would  not  deal  with  me  if  I  did  not 
meet  those  local  customs. 

Mr.  Eucker.  They  would  act  as  a  unit,  would  they  ? 


396  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpeni^r.  Not  in  an  organized  way  as  a  labor  union  act,  but 
they  would  talk  about  it  among  themselves  and  leave  me. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Are  these  cattle  that  you  speak  of  dairy  cattle? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  These  cattle? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  are  working  cattle  and  beef  cattle.  They 
are  breeding  cattle.  Those  cattle  in  the  photographs  are  for  breeding, 
but  produce  beef  cattle  and  w^ork  cattle. 

Mr.  Garre^ft.  Would  the  dairy  business  be  a  profitable  one  there? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  An  exceedingly  risky  investment,  but  profitable 
with  good  luck. 

Mr.  Garre^pt.  Is  there  any  dairy  interest  there  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  are  a  number  of  people  who  bring  in  Aus- 
tralian cattle  and  possibly  a  few  cattle  from  the  Pacific  coast,  milk 
cows;  they  are  frequently  brought  in  fresh  and  milked  during  the 
period  that  milk  continues,  and  many  of  them  continue — they  are 
kept  on.  Now,  since  we  have  control  of  cattle  disease — speaking,  per- 
haps, not  with  absolute  precision,  but  my  own  cattle  I  feel  as  certain 
of  as  I  do  of  cattle  in  northern  New  York — their  business  is  less  risky 
than  it  was,  and  is  very  profitable,  undoubtedly. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  about  other  live  stock  over  there ;  do  they  raise 
any  hogs? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  are  a  good  many  hogs  that  come  in  for 
slaughter  in  the  Manila  slaughterhouse.  I  am  unable  to  give  any 
figures,  but  I  know  a  number  of  Americans  who  have  raised  hogs  in 
a  small  way. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  have  not  tried  it  yourself? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  not  tried  it.  Every  family  has  at  least  one 
breeding  sow,  and  they  have  roast  pork  on  all  festive  occasions,  and 
try  to  raise  them  themselves,  make  it  a  point  to.  It  would  rather  be 
interfering  with  the  custom  of  the  people  if  I  were  to  put  in  hogs 
myself  and  undertake  to  raise  them.  It  is  not  customary  to  do  that. 
The  laborer,  the  tenant,  raises  them  himself. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  it  would  be  in  a  way  competing  with  him? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  He  would  consider  it  interfering  with  a  preroga- 
tive or  right  of  his. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  about  other  live  stock,  for  instance,  horses  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  five  breeding  mares,  five  of  my  six  horses 
are  mares.    They  are  natives. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Are  they  natives  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  All  of  my  horses  are  native  stock. 

Mr.  Garretf.  Do  they  have  any  good  horses  there — I  mean  are 
those  good  horses? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  For  their  weight  we  say  they  are  the  best  on 
earth.  They  are  small,  smaller  than  the  ordinary  pony  class  of 
horse  in  the  States,  very  vigorous,  very  strong,  very  active.  The 
mares  are  seldom  worked,  the  horses  are  not  gelded;  they  are  kept 
as  stallions,  and  worked  as  stallions,  following  the  Spanish  custom, 
I  believe.  Many  very  good  horses  have  been  brought  in.  The  Gov- 
ernment has  taken  in  many  very  good  stallions.  I  am  not  familiar 
enough  with  the  results  to  say  what  has  been  gotten  from  breeding, 
but  I  know  there  are  some  few^  half-breed  colts  sold  for  what  are 
fancy  prices  there,  running  up  to  a  thousand  dollars,  perhaps. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  397 

Mr.  Garrett.  Has  there  been  any  effort  to  raise  the  American 
horse  Uhere — that  is,  import  horses  from  the  United  States? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  don't  know  of  any  instance  where  that  has  been 
undertaken  on  a  commercial  scale.  I  know  of  some  colts  born  on  the 
islands  of  an  American  stallion  and  mare,  and  of  Australian  stock, 
some  very  nice  youngsters. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Are  there  any  mules  there?     Do  they  breed  mules? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  think  in  one  of  the  Government  stations  there 
are  a  few  mule  colts.  They  don't  use  jacks  at  all  in  the  island;  the 
natives  do  not,  and  I  know  of  only  one  importation  of  jacks,  and  it 
was  found  that  they  were  very  much  subject  to  surra,  which  is  a 
serious  horse  disease. 

Mr.  EucKER.  How  does  the  hen  do  there  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  very  prolific  and  to  be  relied  upon. 

Mr.  Garrett.  This  tree,  the  fiber  of  which  you  spoke  of,  kapok, 
was  it 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  the  kapok  tree,  cotton, 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  that  a  rapid  growth  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  it  grows  quite  rapidly  when  it  gets  started. 
I  have  had  difficulty  with  all  of  mine  during  the  first  year,  but  those 
are  shown  in  that  photograph,  the  greater  part  of  that  growth  is  one 
year — ^the  second. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  large  do  they  have  to  be  before  they  become 
of  use — four  years  old  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  believe  that  the  first  crop  worthy  of  the  name  at 
all  is  in  the  fourth  year. 

Mr.  Garrett.  And  about  how  large  would  the  average  be  then  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  not  seen  a  tree  that  I  knew  to  be  four  years 
old,  but  they  would  probably  be  about  that  large  (indicating  about 
6  or  8  inches).     It  is  a  pithy  wood,  it  is  not  a  hard  wood. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Of  course  it  is  destroyed  when  it  is  put  to  use? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  bears  fruit;  the  cotton  fiber  is  in  a  pod  which 
contains  the  seeds.  This  pod  or  fruit  that  I  speak  of  follows  the 
blossom.  The  tree  blossoms  in  season.  The  blossom  withers  and 
this  fruit  comes  on  and  it  dries  into  a  pod  containing  the  seeds,  and 
the  fiber  separates  from  the  seeds  very  easily — you  put  a  lot  in  a 
bucket  and  stir  like  that  (indicating)  and  you  can  separate  the  seeds 
from  the  fiber,  the  ginning  is  not  a  problem  as  it  is  with  Sea  Island 
cotton. 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  the  valuable  part  of  the  tree,  is  it,  the  fiber? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  often  do  you  visit  this  farm ;  how  much  of  your 
time  do  you  devote  to  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  never  devoted  specifically  any  time  to  iL 
Things  that  come  up  are  attended  to  on  ordinary  days  in  the  evenings 
such  as  a  matter  of  signing  papers  or  something  of  that  sort,  and  then 
I  go  out  to  the  place  on  holidays.  It  takes  about  an  hour  to  drive 
out  in  the  dry  season,  and  in  the  rainy  season  I  can  ride  out  on  horse- 
back in  about  tw^o  hours. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  have  telephone  connection  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No  ;  there  is  no  telephone  or  telegraph  connection. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  many  laborers  do  you  have  there  outside  of 
those  who  work  for  you  on  the  share  system  i 


398  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  A  varying  number.  A  foreman  and  15  or  20  and 
sometimes  as  low  as  10.  It  varies,  depending  on  the  local  conditions 
and  what  is  going  on.  During  rice  harvest  I  had  none  because  all  that 
class  is  working  for  share  tenants,  helping  them  in  their  harvest  and 
getting  pay.  in  kind. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Working  as  share  tenants  of  yours  or  working  as 
share  tenants  for  others? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  A  few  of  the  laborers  are  share  tenants  for  other 
people  but  come  to  work  for  me  when  they  have  no  work  on  their 
land ;  others  are  not  share  tenants  of  anyone,  but  have  their  own  hold- 
ings or  perhaps  live  with  some  of  my  share  tenants. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  they  all  come  from  the  villages? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  some.  Others  come  from  the  railroad  town, 
Polo. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  far  are  you  from  San  Jose  del  Monte  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  as  a  San  Jose  lying  north  of  my  place, 
which  I  think  is  4  or  5  miles.  I  have  never  been  over  the  road  but 
once  and  that  was  10  or  11  years  ago,  and  I  don't  recall  clearly. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  said  that  this  year  you  had  turned  away  some 
laborers  that  had  applied  for  work? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  people  stated  that  they  would  like  to  come 
with  me  and,  upon  looking  them  up,  I  found  that  they  were  the 
changing  kind ;  would  never  stay  more  than  a  short  time  in  one  place ; 
generally  tried  to  get  advances,  as  is  customary  there,  in  the  way  of 
cash  or  food — that  is  rice — and  then  move  on.  We  have  naturally, 
as  there  is  everywhere,  a  few  of  that  kind. 

Mr.  Parsons.  They  were  just  ordinary  laborers  who  wanted  to 
work  on  shares  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  wanted  to  come  as  share  tenants,  most  of 
them.  Perhaps  three  or  four  or  five  were  day  laborers  who  proved 
on  a  day  or  two  of  work  to  be  unsatisfactory  or  else  had  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  unsatisfactory. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  do  you  pay,  what  wages? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Seventy-five  centavos,  that  is  37|  cents  gold  is  the 
maximum.  I  pay  from  60  or  65  cents  silver  to  75  cents.  In  Manila 
it  is  80  cents — — 

Mr.  Parsons.  Silver  is  the  same  as  gold,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  meant  to  indicate  by  that  that  it  was  so  many 
centavos ;  30  to  37 J  cents  gold  or  United  States  currency,  that  is  what 
I  pay.  In  Manila  it  runs  to  40  cents,  I  believe.  I  am  not  certain 
about  that. 

Mr.  Parsons,  Where  do  they  live? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  My  laborers  live  in  that  general  locality  there; 
some  of  them  live  down  the  railroad  at  Polo,  and  they  go  home  on 
Saturday.    They  quit  work  at  4  o'clock  on  Saturday  afternoon. 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  board  them? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No;  I  give  them  their  rice;  they  all  have  all  the 
rice  they  want  to  eat;  that  goes  without  any  specific  mention  of  it. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  labor  all  over  those  plantations  able  to  work 
through  the  day,  or  does  it  quit  during  the  middle  of  the  day? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  customary  to  do  nothing  for  a  couple  of  hours 
in  the  middle  of  the  day,  to  take  a  couple  of  hours,  or  maybe  a  little 
more  of  that  in  the  middle  of  the  day.  I  only  recall  seeing  them,  of 
being  out  there  when  they  were  actually  at  work,  upon  one  occasion. 


ADMINISTRATION   0¥  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  399 

I  have  to  rely  on  my  manager  and  my  foreman  for  a  statement  as  to 
that.  My  foreman  claims  that  they  never  take  to  exceed  two  hours' 
rest  in  the  middle  of  the  day. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Have  you  anything  in  that  country  corresponding 
to  pasturage  in  the  United  States ;  for  instance,  there  is  no  such  thing 
as  clover  seed  or  timothy  seed  or  blue  grass  seed,  is  there  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  never  seen  but  one  grass  corresponding  to 
the  grasses  we  have ;  I  have  seen  a  little  Bermuda.  I  have  never  seen 
a  pasture  in  the  islands  that  would  compare  with  anything  north  of 
Florida  in  the  way  of  pasture.  I  understand  that  in  the  mountains 
of  Mindanao  and  in  the  mountains  of  Luzon  there  are  better  ranges 
than  in  the  lowlands,  but  I  have  not  seen  them. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  is  where  the  altitude  is  sufficient  to  get  up  to 
something  like  temperate  conditions  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  Mr.  Worcester  has  personal  knowledge  of 
those  conditions.     They  come  under  his  eye. 

Mr.  RucKER.  What  is  the  average  yield  of  rice  out  there  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Upland  rice  seldom  reaches,  in  the  locality  where 
I  am,  20  cavans  per  hectare.     That  would  be  8  cavans  per  acre. 

Mr.  RucKER.  What  is  that? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  That  is  a  measure  which  in  a  rough  way  is  a 
bushel.  It  is  worth  a  dollar  a  measure.  That  would  be  $8.  Low- 
land rice  produces  very  much  more,  running  up  to  80  and  100  cavans 
per  hectare,  and  if  it  is  irrigated,  two  crops  a  year,  and  possibly  three, 
although  I  never  saw  three  crops. 

Mr.  Douglas.  It  is  in  more  demand  than  upland  rice? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir ;  it  is  the  crop  of  the  island.  Upland  rice 
is  considered  a  clearing  crop,  not  a  mercantile  crop. 

The  Chairman.  How  much  did  you  say  upland  rice  is  worth  a 
bushel? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  sure  about  the  measurement  of  the  cavan 
to  the  bushel,  but  I  would  say  2  to  3  pesos,  depending  on  the  season. 

The  Chairman.  I  thought  you  said  a  dollar. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  A  dollar  would  be  two  pesos.  That  is  the  un- 
hulled  rice;  it  is  not  the  rice  we  see  in  the  stores  here;  it  looks  more 
like  oats  or  wheat ;  it  has  the  hull  on  it,  and  of  course  being  hulled  is 
reduced  greatly  in  bulk. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  that  upland  rice  used  for? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  tides  the  people  over  through  September  and 
October  and  until  the  regular  rice  harvest  of  the  lowlands  in  De- 
cember ;  that  is  the  purpose  it  really  serves. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  it  as  good  for  food  as  the  lowland  rice? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  able  to  state  its  food  value.  It  is  not 
popular  at  all;  it  is  hard.  There  are  a  great  many  different  kinds, 
and  it  is  hard.  It  is  apt  to  seem  hard  after  it  is  cooked  and  not  as 
pleasant  to  eat.  There  is,  however,  one  kind,  a  very  small  crop,  which 
has  a  very  pleasant  flavor.  That  is  never  in  the  market.  Rice 
planters  have  a  little  of  it;  they  succeed  in  raising  a  little  of  it  for 
their. own  use. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  do  they  retail  rice  for  at  the  stores,  hulled 

rice  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  never  had  occasion  to  purchase  hulled  rice, 
and  it  would  be  a  vague  guess.     I  should  say  2  or  3  cents  a  pound. 

Mr.  Jones.  Two  or  three  centavos,  you  mean? 


400  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Two  or  three  cents.  I  might  suggest  that  Mr. 
Worcester  could  probably  answer  that. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  there  much  level  ground  on  the  plantation  on 
which  you  have  a  lease? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  There  is  no  level  ground  in  the  sense  that  we 
speak  of  level  ground,  referring  to  our  prairies;  there  is  no  consider- 
able amount  of  land  that  could  be  plowed  with  a  traction  steam  plow. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  on  your  estate,  you  mean? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  On  my  estate.     It  is  rolling  land  between  gullies. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  What  is  in  those  gullies? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  They  are  rather  steep,  have  steep  sides  and  nar- 
row— not  very  wide  across.  There  is  a  little  stream  of  water  running 
in  the  gully.  About  half  the  streams  are  dry  during  the  dry  season, 
and  the  others  have  some  water  in  them.  In  my  pastures  there  is  live, 
fresh  water  during  the  full  dry  season. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Any  springs? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  small  springs  within  the  inclosure. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  A  man  would  not  get  much  comfort  out  of  trying 
to  plcTvv  that  kind  of  ground,  would  he  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Anyone  accustomed  to  the  prairies  of  the  west  or 
northwest  or  the  Mississippi  Valley  would  not  be  attracted  by  land 
such  as  that  is. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  It  is  not  even  as  easily  managed  as  land  in  Hawaii, 
I  take  it,  from  your  description. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  would  hesitate  to  say  that  it  is  not  as  practicable 
to  cultivate,  so  far  as  the  act  of  plowing  is  concerned,  because  of  the 
fact  that  I  happen  to  recall  land  that  they  could  not  use  mules  in 
plowing,  but  such  can  not  be  plowed  in  the  Philippines  as  it  can  in 
Hawaii,  because  of  our  torrential  rains.  On  that  account  we  have 
to  leave  that  land  without  plowing,  as  the  rain  will  wash  worse  than 
in  Hawaii.  I  know  that  on  the  side  of  the  island  of  Oahu  next  to 
the  town  of  Honolulu  there  is  little  rain  as  compared  with  Luzon. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  do  not  have  to  remove  bowlders  or  prepare 
the  land  in  that  way,  as  they  do  in  Hawaii,  do  you? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  have  not  seen  any  land  with  removable  stones  on 
it.  On  my  own  place  there  are  many  ledge  outcroppings,  and  that 
of  course  can  not  be  utilized. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  there  a  good  deal  of  jungle? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  as  some  of  those  photographs  show,  there  is 
quite  a  good  deal  of  it.  That  is  covered  with  a  mass  of  low-growing 
tropical  vegetation. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Under  your  conditions  is  it  possible  for  you  to 
have,  say,  a  20-acre  field,  such  as  we  are  familiar  with  in  this  coun- 
try, of  ground,  all  of  which  can  be  worked  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  confident  that  there  are  but  two  places  on 
my  holdings  where  even  approximately  that  could  be  reached  in  one 
compact  mass,  that  could  be  worked  as  a  unit,  in  the  whole  sixteen 
hundred  odd  hectares:  As  a  rule,  they  are  parcels  of  land  of  2  acres 
to  3  or  4  acres  in  each  patch. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  In  getting  from  one  patch  to  another  you  have 
to  cross  these  ravines  frequently,  I  take  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  We  either  cross  a  ravine  or  follow  a  hog-back 
connection.     But  it  is  seldom  a  man,  a  tenant,  has  a  piece  that  is  di- 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  401 

vided;  they  do  not  work  large  areas  as  a  rule.  I  say  "  divided;  "  I 
mean  that  he  is  working  at  one  time. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  He  gets  a  piece  of  ground  between  ravines  some- 
where ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  said  something  about  the  effect  of  the  acid 
from  the  cogon  grass  on  the  rice.  That  does  not  affect  the  property 
of  the  rice,  does  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Well,  the  plant  does  not  stool  out  and  come  up 
bearing  a  large  number  of  heavy  heads  at  harvest ;  the  rice  head  will 
be  inclined  slightly  or  even  straight  up,  whereas  in  the  3-year-old 
land  or  in  old  land  the  rice  head  will  hang  over  as  the  grain  forms 
and  hardens,  gaining  weight. 

Mr.  Parsons.  But  the  acid  does  not  affect  the  quality  of  the  rice? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Not  so  far  as  I  know;  it  is  the  quantity. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  When  this  Tala  estate  was  owned  by  the  friars 
was  it  under  cultivation  as  in  the  States  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Only  a  small  portion  of  it  was  ever  cultivated, 
according  to  the  information  I  have  from  people  who  were  born 
and  have  lived  30  or  40  years  on  it.  The  land  which  I  occupy  was 
in  grass,  part  pasture,  and  a  portion  of  it  occupied  by  cattle  belong- 
ing to  the  friars  themselves,  and  the  other  cattle  belonged  to  a  Euro- 
pean-born Spaniard,  who  retired  on  the  outbreak  of  the  insurrection 
against  Spain  and  is  now  living  in  Manila — he  is  a  very  aged  man ; 
I  have  talked  with  him  at  times — and  another,  of  whom  I  have  heard, 
who  has  disappeared.  Practically  none  of  it  was  ever  cultivated  in 
the  sense  that  these  holdings  of  so-called  original  tenants  were  culti- 
vated continuously  year  after  year.  If  I  may  explain  one  point, 
that  cogon  land,  judging  from  the  information  I  had,  is  apt  to  have 
been  forest  land  cleared  by  the  people  and  planted  for  one  or  two 
or  three  years  by  them  by  hand,  sticking  in  grains.  The  cogon  grass 
gradually  came  in  in  that  way  until  it  finally  dominated,  and  they 
abandoned  the  land  then  and  moved  on  to  clear  another  piece  of 
forest.  We  see  that  in  the  newer  lands  where  the  people  are  wild 
or  nomadic. 

Mr.  Eucker.  I  judge  this  land  is  not  adapted  to  the  cultivation 
of  tobacco  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir;  I  have  seen  two  or  three  small  patches  of 
tobacco  on  the  place  and  have  tried  to  smoke  some  of  it  after  it  had 
been  cured.  It  is  very  inferior.  The  soil  is  apparently  deficient,  or 
the  rains  at  the  wrong  season,  or  something,  so  that  it  is  a  very  poor 
quality  of  tobacco  and  no  one  undertakes  to  raise  more  than  just  a 
little  bit  for  their  own  use. 

Mr.  RucKER.  Is  the  cultivation  of  tobacco  on  the  increase  or  not  in 
the  islands  generally? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  unable  to  say  because  of  not  having  visited 
the  tobacco  districts. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  In  the  case  of  these  pieces  that  you  have  relin- 
quished, did  you  derive  any  profit  from  giving  up  your  leases? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir;  m  no  instance  have  I  received  any  com- 
pensation whatever  for  my  rights  under  my  contract.  If  I  had  paid 
rentals  on  them,  I  was  reimbursed  in  the  amount.  The  only  condi- 
tion that  is  imposed  is  that  the  rectangular  shape  of  the  parcel  shall 
be  preserved,  that  is  to  say,  that  the  man  shall  not  pick  out  an  ir- 


402  .  ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

regular  piece  of  good  land  and  leave  the  remainder,  the  undesirable 
land,  to  me. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Your  original  holdings  were  how  much? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  As  we  had  no  survey  and  as  it  has  not  been  com- 
puted I  am  unable  to  say,  except  that  in  a  general  way,  which  I  think 
is  approximately  correct,  I  relinquished  9,000  and  I  hold  approxi- 
mately 4,000. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  And  upon  the  9,000  you  relinquished  what  profit 
have  you  obtained? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  None  whatever. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Some  question  has  been  made  with  relation  to  the 
taxation.  Have  you  derived  any  peculiar  advantage  to  yourself  with 
reference  to  taxation? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  You  have  been  simply  governed  by  the  general 
rules  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Do  you  know  how  the  system  of  taxation,  as  preva- 
lent in  the  Philippines  with  relation  to  public  lands,  compares  with 
our  homestead  s^^stem  in  the  United  States?  The  Government  of  the 
United  States,  as  long  as  it  holds  the  title  to  land — is  there  any 
charge  for  taxation  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  my  understanding  that  there  is  not,  and  the 
same  obtains  in  the  islands. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  For  instance,  where  lands  have  been  held  by  rail- 
roads for  years  under  claims,  but  the  Government  has  ultimately  es- 
tablished title,  no  taxes  are  charged  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  don't  know.  That  is  something  I  am  not  famil- 
iar with. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  And  the  same  rule  practically  prevails,  that  as  long 
as  the  Government  holds  the  title  to  the  land,  which  may  ultimately 
return  to  the  Government  again,  there  is  no  taxation  levied  upon  it 
by  the  Government  province. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Is  there  any  system  comparable  to  our  tax-sale  sys- 
tem here  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Land  on  which  the  taxes  are  delinquent  reverts 
to  the  government. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Reverts  to  the  General  Government  or  to  the  pro- 
vincial government  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  To  the  public  domain,  as  I  understand  it.  For- 
merly, if  it  was  sold,  it  went  to  the  municipality,  but  the  law  was 
amended,  and  it  is  my  distinct  recollection  that  the  law  now  in  force 
passes  such  land  to  the  public  domain  again.  Of  that  I  am  not  posi- 
tive, however. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  At  all  events,  so  far  as  you  are  concerned,  because 
of  your  official  position,  have  you  derived  any  advantage  in  the  way 
of  taxation  or  exemption  from  taxation? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No  advantage  whatever. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Without  intending  to  unduly  pry  into  your  busi- 
ness secrets,  I  am  inclined  to  ask  what  lured  you  into  this  invest- 
ment, or  was  it  Capt.  Sleeper  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  blame  Capt.  Sleeper  for  having  lured  me  in; 
but  it  was  my  desire  to  secure  not  such  property  as  I  now  hold  under 


ADMIISriSTRATION   OP  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  403 

lease,  but  a  comparatively  small  piece  of  land  near  enough  to  Manila 
that  I  could  run  out  on  holidays. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  were  affected  by  the  current  disposition  to 
get  back  to  the  soil,  I  take  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  How  many  holidays  do  they  have  in  the  Philip- 
pines ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  would  have  to  refer  to  the  statutes  for  that.  We 
have  there,  I  think,  the  same  holidays  that  are  recognized  in  the 
United  States ;  at  least,  those  are  the  holidays  that  I  am  in  the  habit 
of  observing;  the  ofRces  are  closed  to  the  public  nominally  on  holi- 
days, but  as  a  matter  of  fact  at  my  own  office  I  am  there  until  noon 
on  most  holidays. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  many  official  holidays  do  you  have  in  a  year 
aside  from  the  ones  recognized  in  America  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  many  native  holidays  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  Take  them  all  together. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  hesitate  to  try  to  answer  that  with  precision.  I 
know  that  there  are  four  that  do  not  obtain  here  in  the  States.  If 
there  are  any  others  I  do  not  recall.  We  have  not  as  many  holidays 
as  is  popularly  supposed.  I  would  like,  if  I  might,  to  put  into  the 
record  the  exact  number. 

The  Chairman.  Is  the  Fourth  of  July  a  legal  holiday  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  Is  Christmas  a  legal  holiday? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  And  New  Year's  Day? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  Lincoln's  Birthday  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  am  not  certain  that  it  is. 

The  Chairman.  Washington's  Birthday? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes ;  I  believe  that  is.  Also  we  have  Occupation 
Day,  which  is  the  13th  of  August,  the  date  of  the  occupation  of  the 
city  of  Manila. 

The  Chairman.  You  do  not  have  Decoration  Day  as  a  holiday,  do 
you? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  The  Filipino  Decoration  Day  is  observed  about  the 
1st  of  November;  it  is  All  Saints'  Day.  That  is  when  the  graves  are 
decorated. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  a  holiday  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  It  is  my  impression  it  is  not  an  official  holiday. 
It  is  a  church  holiday,  but  not  an  official  holiday,  as  I  remember  it. 
I  regret  I  can  not  answer  definitely  in  regard  to  the  holidays  there. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  churches  have  innumerable  holidays,  observed  by 
the  natives,  have  they  not? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Quite  a  number  of  days  on  which  special  services 
are  held  in  the  churches,  and  the  people  who  are  particularly  devout 
attend  those  services. 

Mr.  Madison.  Judge  Hubbard  asked  you  about  taxation,  compar- 
ing the  exemption  of  public  lands  there  with  the  exemption  of 
public  lands  here.  Do  you  know  of  any  instance  where  the  United 
States  Government  sells  any  land  on  annual  payments  where  the 
final  payment  is  postponed  some  20  years? 


404  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir.  I  am  not  familiar  with  public-land 
administration. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  it  not  true  that  in  the  cases  where  the  United 
States  Government  sells  land  upon  deferred  payments,  upon  the 
issuance  of  the  first  certificate  the  land  becomes  taxable  and  there  is 
a  statute  to  that  effect  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Madison.  Is  not  that  true  in  the  case  of  preemption  lands  and 
trust  lands  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  don't  know?  Well,  I  understand  that  it  is 
true. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Take  the  case  of  a  homestead. 

Mr.  Madison.  No  ;  not  in  the  case  of  a  homestead. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Take  in  the  case  for  some  reason  or  other  a  man's 
patent  is  held  up  who  has  taken  a  homestead.  It  may  be  held  up 
for  10  years  under  contest.     In  that  time  is  a  man  taxable? 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  is  it  in  regard  to  land  in  the  Reclamation 
Service ;  is  that  taxable  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Mr.  Chairman,  may  I  ask  this?  There  is  a  matter 
of  some  land  which  I  hold  on  the  Tala  estate,  which  was  mentioned 
during  the  testimony  of  Capt.  Sleeper  and  w^hich  I  have  not  brought 
out,  and  it  was  not  brought  out  as  to  the  status  of  those  lands.  It  is 
a  small  area  of  some  23  hectares.  If  the  committee  would  care  to  get 
that  into  the  record  as  to  how  I  acquired  those — they  are  not  leased 
lands,  they  are  purchased  land.     I  speak  of  that 

The  Chairman.  You  purchased  about  23  hectares? 

Mr.  Carpeniisr.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  paid  for  it  ? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  No,  sir.  I  paid  part.  There  were  two  parcels  on 
which  the  full  period  runs,  and  others  are  15,  14,  11,  5,  and  2  years. 
Two  payments  on  the  first. 

The  Chairman.  Friar  lands? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes,  sir.  They  are  parcels  of  land  on  this  Tala 
estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  don't  think  we  want  to  take  up  any  time  on  that. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Those  lands  were  bought  from  tenants? 

Mr.  Carpenter.  Yes;  I  acquired  their  rights — purchased  them. 


TESTIMONY  OP  CHARLES  H.  SLEEPER— Resumed. 

Mr.  Martin.  Capt.  Sleeper,  in  Document  963,  it  being  a  letter  from 
the  Secretary  of  War  to  Congress,  dated  June  10,  1910,  beginning  on 
page  12  and  ending  on  the  top  of  page  13,  there  are  set  out  the  names 
of  82  applicants  for  public-land  leases. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Of  which  24  are  Americans  and  58  are  Filipinos. 
Could  you  go  over  that  list  and  indicate  to  the  committee  those  of 
the  82  applicants  for  public-land  leases  who  are  in  the  Government 
service  in  any  capacity  and  those  who  have  been  in  it  in  any  capacity 
and  are  not  now  in  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  could  not  answer. 


ADMIlSriSTRATIOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  405 

Mr.  Martin.  And  those  who  are  related  to  Government  officials? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Na,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  could  not  do  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Some  of  these  people  are  in  the  employ  of  the  Gov- 
ernment, are  they  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  probably  there  are  some. 

Mr.  Martin.  Take  for  instance  the  name  of  Z.  K.  Miller,  down 
near  the  bottom,  about  a  dozen  from  the  bottom.  He  applied  for 
350  hectares.     Is  Mr.  Miller  in  the  government  employ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  what  department  is  he  employed? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  in  the  bureau  of  agriculture. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  is  his  official  position? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now  turn  back  to  page  3.  I  find  that  Z.  K.  Miller — 
is  that  the  same  Z.  K.  Miller  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  is. 

Mr.  Martin.  He  got  66  hectares  and  a  fraction  of  the  Santa  Rosa 
friar  estate,  for  which  he  paid  12,774  pesos. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  has  not  paid  it  yet. 

Mr.  Martin.  He  has  agreed  to  pay  it,  has  he  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  he  signed  a  sale  certijEicate  and  made  the 
first  payment. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  appears  to  be  very  valuable  land  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  Yes ;  that  is  good  land  that  he  purchased. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  makes  that  tract  of  land  so  valuable  as  com- 
pared with  most  of  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  on  the  Santa  Rosa  estate,  one  of  the  best  estates 
we  purchased,  and  it  is  good  land  for  most  any  kind  of  crops,  espe- 
cially sugar  and  corn  and  that  sort  of  a  crop. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  Mr.  Miller  required  to  get  the  consent  of  the 
Governor  General  to  get  this  public-land  lease  and  purchase  this 
land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Either  the  Governor  General  or  the  secretary  of  his 
department;  yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  is  the  secretary  of  his  department — Mr.  D.  C. 
Worcester  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  is  the  secretary  of  his  department  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Gilbert. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  is  his  official  position? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  secretary  of  public  instruction. 

Mr.  Martin.  Right  in  that  connection  then  the  question  is  sug- 
gested to  me,  Captain,  how  many  officials  in  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment are  there  who  have  authority  to  grant  subordinates  the  right 
to  purchase  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  secretaries  of  departments,  of  which  there  are 
five,  and  the  Governor  General,  making  six. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  official  you  have  mentioned,  then,  is  one  of  the 
six? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  secretary  of  public  instruction? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 


406  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  Did  you  say  he  obtains  the  right  from  the  head 
of  the  department  to  purchase  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  right  to  enter  into  any  business. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  long  has  Mr.  Miller  been  in  the  agricultural 
bureau  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Martin.  W.  H.  Lawrence  has  applied  for  a  public-land  lease. 
That  is  page  12.  That  is  the  W.  H.  Lawrence  who  is  interested  in 
the  Isabela  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  Mr.  E.  B.  Bruce  is  the  Mr.  Bruce  who  is  in- 
terested in  the  Isabela  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  they  are  law  partners  in  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  With  relation  to  Mr.  Bruce,  he  is  quite  an  important 
man  in  Manila,  is  he  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  he  is  a  prominent  attorney. 

Mr.  Martin.  Is  he  not  attorney  for  some  Philippine  railways,  and 
one  thing  and  another? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know  whether  he  is  or  not;  I  think  he  is, 
though. 

Mr.  Martin.  Could  you  look  down  over  that  list  of  names  now  and 
point  out  other  names  of  Government  officials  or  employees  who 
own  lands  or  who  have  made  application  for  leased  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  could  not  tell  one  from  the  other. 

Mr.  Martin.  Can  you  take  this  list,  and  in  conjunction  with  your 
fellow-officials  who  are  here,  indicate  to  the  committee  when  it  meets 
next  Monday  the  names  of  the  applicants  who  comply  with  the  speci- 
fications I  mentioned  in  my  question? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Martin.  Both  Filipinos  and  Americans? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  You  said  public  lands;  you  meant  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Mar^pin.  No  ;  I  am  referring  now  to  this  list  of  82  applicants 
for  public  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  making  a  rough  statement  here,  it  appears  that 
there  are  about  40,000  acres  in  round  numbers  that  have  been  applied 
for  by  these  82  applicants,  but  according  to  Mr.  Worcester's  report 
only  about  8,000  acres  of  public  lands  are  under  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  to  say,  about  one-fifth  of  all  applied  for. 
Why  is  it  that  a  larger  number  of  these  applications  have  not  been 
acted  on? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  been  acted  on.  There  have  been  up  to 
June  30,  1910,  185  applications  including  49,503  hectares  applied  for. 
There  are,  pending  correction  for  some  cause,  54  applications,  includ- 
ing 9,788  hectares.  There  have  been  rejected,  canceled,  or  withdrawn 
for  cause  40  applications  including  9,866  hectares.  There  are  pending 
now  in  the  bureau,  awaiting  reports  from  the  Forestry  Bureau  as 
to  the  agricultural  character  or  forestry  character  of  the  land,  20 
applications,  including  2,876  hectares.  There  are  awaiting  advertise- 
ment and  the  completion  of  the  term  of  advertising  26  applications 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  407 

including  7,884  hectares.  Three  applications  have  been  contested, 
including  an  area  of  520  hectares.  Nineteen  applications  are  pending 
survey  prior  to  the  issuance  of  the  lease,  including  5,117  hectares. 
Leases  have  been  accomplished  for  10  applications  including  an  area 
of  3,242  hectares. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  then,  before  leaving  that  matter,  you  give  a 
total  there  of  185  applications. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  One  hundred  and  eighty-five ;  yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  As  against  82  reported  to  Congress  by  the  Secretary 
of  War? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Have  you  with  you  the  names  of  the  remaining  103 
applicants  and  the  amount  of  land  which  they  have  applied  for,  etc., 
to  correspond  with  this  showing  on  pages  12  and  13?  I  don't  care 
for  you  to  produce  them  now ;  I  merely  want  to  know  if  you  have 
them  here  in  Washington. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  I  have. 

Mr.  Martin.  Then,  not  to  waste  time,  I  will  ask  you  this  question  : 
If  you  have  them  here  in  Washington  can  you  also  designate  the 
names  of  those  persons  appearing  among  those  103  applicants  who 
have  complied  with  the  specifications  in  my  question  as  to  their 
present  employment  by  the  Government  or  their  past  employment 
or  their  relationship  to  persons  in  the  employ  of  the  Government? 
Could  you  do  that  by  next  Monday  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  every  one  of  these  cases  under  your  practice  over 
there  or  under  executive  order  it  will  be  necessary  for  the  employee 
to  get  permission  from  the  head  of  his  department  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  his  own  protection ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Is  that  usually  granted  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Sometimes  it  is  granted  and  sometimes  it  is  not. 
It  is  according  to  the  condition  of  the  employee,  I  presume,  and  the 
circumstances  of  each  case. 

Mr.  Martin.  Have  you  any  cases  in  mind  where  permission  was 
not  granted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  engage  in  business? 

Mr.  Martin.  To  purchase  land  or  lease  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  do  not  remember.  I  remember  of  some  appli- 
cations being  denied  to  engage  in  business. 

The  Chairman.  Let  me  inquire  this:  Do  they  ask  permission  to 
buy  land,  or  do  they  ask  permission  to  engage  in  business,  or  what  is 
the  request? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  the  request  is  specific  ordinarily  as  to  what 
they  intend  to  do. 

Mr.  Martin.  If  you  can  state  to  the  committee  when  you  furnish 
this  other  information,  names  or  cases  wherein  permission  was  denied, 
I  would  request  that  that  be  done. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  I  want  to  ask  you  about  this  sale  of  friar 
lands  to  Frank  J.  Ferguson,  on  page  3,  near  the  bottom  of  the  page, 
the  fourth  name  from  the  bottom,  141  hectares ;  is  that  the  Mr.  Fer- 
guson who  was  your  predecessor? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  my  predecessor's  name  was  not  Ferguson. 


408  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  Is  that  the  Ferguson  who  was  the  predecessor  of  Mr. 
Carpenter  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Is  he  related  to  him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  understood  that  this  Frank  J.  Ferguson  was  the 
brother  of  the  predecessor  of  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know ;  I  don't  know  Frank  J.  Ferguson,  ex- 
cept that  he  is  an  American.  I  think  he  is  a  farmer  who  lives  in  the 
provinces. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  his  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  on  page  17, 
top  line.  Gov.  Gen.  Forbes  says  he  owns  12  lots  in  Baguio.  That  is 
the  summer  capital,  I  believe,  of  the  Philippines.  He  owns  a  lot  of 
12  acres  in  Baguio.  Was  that  public  land  at  the  time  the  Governor 
General  acquired  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  did  he  acquire  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  bidding  it  in  at  public  auction.  It  was  at  a  sale 
of  lots  at  the  town  site  of  Baguio. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  conducted  that  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did ;  it  was  under  my  direction. 

Mr.  Martin.  When? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Three  or  four  years  ago.  I  have  the  exact  date  with 
me,  but  I  don't  remember. 

Mr.  Martin.  He  was  not  Governor  General  when  he  bid  it  in, 
was  he? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  At  page  17  of  his  report  the  Governor  General  says : 

I  own  a  lot  of  12  acres,  in  Bagnio  on  which  I  built  a  house  which,  before 
taking  up  the  position  of  Governor  General,  I  used  to  live  in.  I  had  no  expecta- 
tion of  being  Governor  General,  and  for  that  reason  built  myself  this  house,  etc, 

Mr.  Martin.  What  was  his  official  position  when  he  bought  this 
land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Secretary  of  commerce  and  police. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  bid  against  him  in  the  purchase  of  this  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  remember. 

Mr.  Martin.  Have  you  any  statement  with  you  of  the  facts  in 
regard  to  the  sales  of  land  in  Baguio? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  have  them  with  you  in  Washington? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  is  also  stated  in  this  report  that  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  Worcester  owns  a  small  plot  of  ground  in  Baguio.  How 
much  is  that  plot? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  remember;  it  is  a  building  lot. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  that  public  land  bought  at  auction? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  ^^Tiat  was  his  official  position  at  the  time  he  bought  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  was  secretary  of  the  interior. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  many  other  officials  of  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment own  any  tracts  or  plots  of  ground  in  Baguio  purchased  at  an 
auction  sale  of  public  lands? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  409 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Quite  a  number  of  them,  I  presume. 

Mr.  Martin.  Are  you  able  to  give  this  committee  the  name  of 
every  Philippine  Government  official  who  bought  public  land  at 
auction  sale  in  Baguio,  the  amount  of  land  each  owns,  and  what  he 
paid  for  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  and  be  sure  of  whether  they  were  Government 
officials  or  not.  I  can  pick  out  some  Government  officials.  Whether 
I  have  got  them  all  or  not,  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Martin.  Will  you  give  that  information  to  the  committee 
as  far  as  you  can?  I  don't  say  necessarily  this  afternoon,  but 
later  on. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  He  can  give  that  to  the  clerk  of  the  committee. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  was  your  plan  of  procedure  in  putting  this 
land  up  ?  For  instance,  take  this  12  acres  that  Mr.  Forbes  got.  Do 
you  remember  putting  up  that  particular  tract  of  land  and  offering 
it  for  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  was  done  about  bidding  on  it,  etc.  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  not  present  at  the  auction. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  was  the  auction  conducted  by? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  My  assistant,  Mr.  Wilson. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  were  not  present  at  all? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Not  at  that  sale. 

Mr.  Martin.  Did  Mr.  Wilson  submit  to  you  a  detailed  report  of 
the  proceedings  at  that  sale? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  That  is,  he  did  not  say  how  many  people 
bid  on  each  tract  of  land,  but  he  did  say  who  was  the  highest  bidder 
and  who  it  was  knocked  down  to. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  do  not  know  yourself,  then,  whether  these  offi- 
cials actually  bid  against  each  other  in  the  purchase  of  these  tracts  of 
land,  do  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir.  They  were  not  all  purchased  at  the  same 
time.  There  were  many  sales  at  different  times  in  Baguio.  Baguio 
was  reserved  as  a  town  site,  and  the  provisions  of  the  public-land  act 
in  relation  to  town  sites  were  observed  in  the  sale,  and  the  different 
sections  of  the  town  were  subdivided  and  made  ready  for  sale. 

Mr.  Maetin.  That  is  where  the  legislature  convenes  in  the  summer 
season  if  there  is  a  session? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  the  Government  officials  go  there  and  transact 
business  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  the  town  to  which  they  built  or  attempted  to 
build  the  Benguet  railroad  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  railroad  is  not  built  there  yet,  is  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  suppose  most  every  man  who  can  afford  it,  every 
American  at  least,  has  a  home  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  are  not  very  many  homes  there  as  yet. 

Mr.  Martin.  But  right  on  that  proposition,  are  not  there  some 
prosecutions  or  something  of  that  nature  pending  now  in  Baguio 
over  fraud  or  graft  in  the  building  of  residences  or  other  buildings 
owned  by  some  Government  officials  or  employees  ? 

82278°— H,  Kept.  2289,  61-3 30 


410  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  have  been  published  in  the  newspapers  some 
charges  that  some  employee  or  employees  in  Bagiiio  were  in  some 
way  mixed  up  in  their  accounts,  and  they  are  in  the  bureau  of  public 
works. 

Mr.  Martin.  Have  you  had  called  to  your  attention  a  statement 
coming  from  Judge  Southworth,  employed  by  the  Philippine  Gov- 
ernment to  prosecute  fraud  or  graft  in  connection  with  buildings  of 
employees  or  officials  in  Baguio,  wherein  Judge  Southworth  with- 
drew from  the  case  on  the  part  of  the  Government  on  the  ground  that 
the  Government  itself  was  opposing  his  efforts  to  ascertain  the  facts 
and  carry  on  a  vigorous  prosecution  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  would  like  Mr.  Martin  to  state  the  relevancy  of 
any  controversy  in  reference  to  a  dwelling  house  in  the  town  of 
Baguio. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Or  in  connection  with  any  public  building  there. 

Mr.  Martin.  This  is  not  a  public  building. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  understood  you  to  say  dwelling  houses. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  are  buildings  of  some  sort. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Government  buildings. 

Mr.  Martin.  Buildings  of  some  sort  in  Baguio,  I  understood.  I 
got  the  impression  that  they  were  probably  being  built  by  persons 
in  the  employ  of  the  Government  on  their  land  or  lots  up  there,  but 
it  may  have  been  public  buildings. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  were  some  public  buildings  constructed  in 
Baguio  during  the  last  year  and  a  half  or  two  years. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Assuming  that  they  were  public  buildings  and 
there  was  some  controversy  arising,  would  that  have  anything  to  do 
with  the  disposition  of  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Martin.  I  will  not  argue  that  if  the  committee  thinks  it  is  not 
proper. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  wanted  to  know  its  relevancy.  If  you  will  say 
it  is  fairly  connected  with  this  investigation,  very  welL 

Mr.  Martin.  I  can  not  say  at  this  time.  All  I  can  say  at  this  time 
is  that  I  have  seen  what  purports  to  be  the  verbatim  statement  of  the 
attorney  employed  by  the  Government  in  this  work,  which  is  in  the 
department  of  the  interior,  that  he  withdrew  for  the  reason  stated. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  department  of  the  interior  has  nothing  what- 
ever to  do  with  the  erection  of  public  buildings,  directly  or  indi- 
rectly. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  submit  this  ought  not  to  go  into  the  record,  the 
statement  of  Mr.  Martin,  a  statement  of  what  he  has  heard  reflect- 
ing upon  people  in  the  Government.  Such  testimony  would  not  be 
admitted  in  a  justice  of  the  peace  court. 

The  Chairman.  The  chair  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  this  reso- 
lution under  which  we  are  proceeding  calls  upon  us  to  make  a  com- 
plete investigation  of  the  interior  department  of  the  Philippine  Gov- 
ernment touching  the  disposition  of  the  Philippine  lands. 

Mr.  Martin.  Passing  on,  then,  on  page  17  of  the  record  the  Gov- 
ernor General  states  that  he  caused  to  be  purchased  and  put  into  the 
hands  of  trustees  a  tract  of  land  south  of  Manila.  The  exact  lan- 
guage is  as  follows: 

I  also  caused  to  be  purchased  and  put  into  the  hands  of  trustees  in  such  a 
way  that  I  can  not  get  any  possible  profit  from  it  a  tract  of  land  south  of 


ADMINISTRATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  411 

Manila,  on  which  I  have  caused  to  be  biiilt  a  country  club  for  my  personal 
entertainment  and  those  of  my  friends  in  Manila  who  like  to  participate  in 
the  kind  of  sports  provided  at  that  club. 

Were  you  director  of  public  lands  at  the  time  of  that  transfer — the 
transfer  to  Gov.  Forbes  of  this  land  that  he  refers  to  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  I  have  been  director  of  lands  for  about  five 
years. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  large  a  tract  of  land  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  know. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  long  since  the  transfer  was  made? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Withirn  two  years,  I  believe ;  a  year  or  two  years  ago. 

Mr.  Martin.  Can  you  approximate  the  size  of  that  tract? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Can  you  state  what  kind  of  title  the  governor  got? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  he  Governor  General  at  the  time  the  transfer 
was  made? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  remember  that,  whether  he  was  or  not. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  long  has  he  been  Governor  General  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  don't  remember  when  he  was  appointed  Governor 
General. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  kind  of  land  was  this?  You  say  you  con- 
ducted the  sale.     It  must  have  been  public  land. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  You  mean  this  land  of  the  polo  club  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr,  Martin.  Did  I  understand  you  correctly  to  say 

Mr.  Sleeper  (interposing).  I  don't  understand  to  what  you  are 
referring. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  got  the  impression  that  you  stated  you  made  a  con- 
veyance or  something  of  that  sort  to  Mr,  Forbes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Of  what? 

Mr.  Martin.  Of  this  land  that  I  referred  to  where  the  country 
club  has  been  built. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  South  of  Manila? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  has  not  intimated  any  such  thing. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  private  land,  as  I  understand  it,  and  he 
bought  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  private  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  he  bought  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  He  says  he  caused  it  to  be  put  into  the  hands  of 
trustees. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  that  is  true  from  what  I  have  heard. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  say,  then,  that  that  land  was  private  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  At  any  rate  it  did  not  pass  through  your  offices  in 
any  way  that  you  know  of? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Are  you  engaged  in  any  business  enterprises  your- 
self? 


412  ADMIKISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  are  they? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  am  interested  in  a  mining  corporation. 

Mr.  Martin.  Corporation  or  corporations? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  One. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  is  the  extent  of  its  mineral  holdings? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  owns  three  mineral  claims,  I  think. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  long  has  it  held  them  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  About  five  or  six  years. 

Mr.  Martin.  Were  they  acquired,  then,  by  this  corporation  from 
the  public  domain  or  were  they  mines  that  were  in  private  ownership 
already  and  were  transferred? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mines  that  were  taken  up  by  individuals  who  finally 
combined  into  a  corporation. 

Mr.  Martin.  When  did  your  identity  with  the  corporation  begin? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  one  of  the  original  holders  of  the  claim. 

Mr.  Martin.  Original  holder  of  a  mineral  claim  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  put  it  into  this  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  did  you  acquire  that  claim  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  went  down  on  the  land  and  located  it — no;  I 
didn't ;  I  bought  the  location  of  another  man. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  bought  the  location? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Did  you  afterwards  develop  it  and  get  a  patent  to  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Were  you  in  the  Government  service  then? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  gave  you  permission  to  do  that? 

Mr,  Sleeper.  The  governor  general,  I  think  it  was. 

Mr.  Martin.  Were  these  other  gentlemen  who  got  the  other  two 
claims  Government  employees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  One  of  them  was  and  one  of  them  was  not. 

Mr.  Martin.  Two  of  the  three,  then,  were  Government  employees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  you  got  permission  to  purchase  mines • 

Mr.  Sleeper.  To  engage  in  the  mining  industry. 

Mr.  Martin.  To  engage  in  the  mining  industry  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Could  you  file  on  mineral  land,  locate  it,  develop  and 
get  title  to  it  without  permission,  while  you  were  in  the  Government 
employ  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  were  entitled  to  do  that  while  you  were  in  the 
Government  employ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  see  no  reason  why  not. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  say,  you  were  permitted  to  do  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  do  it ;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Are  Government  employees  there  generally  permit- 
ted by  the  insular  government  to  locate  and  patent  mining  claims  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  is  no  prohibition  against  it  that  I  know  of. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  know  that  mineral  and  timber  lands  on  the  pub- 
lic domain  are  reserved.     Were  these  on  the  public  domain  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  413 

Mr.  Skeeper.  They  were  mineral  lands  open  to  exploration  and 
filing. 

Mr.  Martin.  Under  the  Philippine  mining  laws? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Do  you  know  if  there  are  any  considerable  number 
of  Government  employees  in  the  Philippines  who  have  mining  inter- 
ests acquired  by  means  of  locating  and  patenting  mineral  lands  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  I  do  not  think  there  are  a  great  many  that  have 
done  it  that  way.  They  have  purchased  stock  in  mineral  corpora- 
tions. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  have  purchased  stock  in  mineral  corporations? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Well,  have  they  had  a  practice  over  there  of  staking 
prospectors  to  go  out  and  make  locations  ? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Government  employees  would  stake  prospectors? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  they  would  go  out  and  make  the  locations  in 
their  own  names? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  then  afterwards  transfer  a  part  or  all  of  their 
interests  to  the  Government  employees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  what  they  did  with  it  afterwards.  I 
guess  they  mostly  abandoned  it  afterwards,  so  far. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  have  not  got  any  Cripple  Creeks  out  there  yet, 
Captain,  have  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  but  w^e  hope  to. 
Mr.  Martin.  How  about  timberlands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  about  the  timberlands.  That  does 
not  come  in  my  department,  and  I  do  not  know  anything  about  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  have  stated  that  it  has  been  usually  the  case 
where  friar  lands  were  sold  in  excess  of  16  hectares  to  an  individual, 
that  those  sales  were  made  to  former  occupants,  persons  who  had 
occupied'  the  lands  at  the  time,  or  prior  to  the  time  of  their  turning 
over  to  the  Philippine  Government. 
Mr.  Sleeper.  That  has  been  the  case  with  the  majority  of  sales. 
Mr.  Martin.  It  is  also  the  case.  Captain,  that  that  right  on  their 
part  to  purchase  the  occupied  tracts  with  no  reference  to  the  size  of 
them  is  provided  for  in  Section  65  of  the  Organic  Act  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  passed  by  Congress,  is  it  not? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  I  think  that  is  true. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  you  said  that  when  Mr.  Poole  first  called  at 
your  office  he  wanted  lands  south  of  the  San  Jose  estate? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  he  told  me. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  that  you  suggested  the  San  Jose  estate  to  him? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  At  that  time  he  had  not  been  down  on  the  San  Jose 
estate  ? 
Mr,  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  he  did  not  go  down  for  some  time  afterwards? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Within  a  month,  I  think  it  was ;  along  there. 
Mr.  Martin.  When  did  he  first  call  at  your  officie? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  On  the  12th  day  of  October,  if  I  remember. 


414  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  it  was  a  month  or  so  afterwards  that  he  went 
down  and  looked  over  the  land  on  the  San  Jose  estate  and  contiguous 
lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know  how  long  it  was,  but  it  was  within  a 
month  or  so  afterwards. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  Captain,  I  refer  to  your  statement  that  he  did 
not  want  the  San  Jose  estate  because  he  wanted  lands  south  of  there, 
in  connection  with  Gov.  Forbes's  telegram  or  cable  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War  at  Washington,  dated  October  22,  which  was  before  Mr. 
Poole  went  down  in  Mindoro : 

Prentiss  and  Poole  desire  to  purchase  unoccupied  sugar  lands  on  the  San 
Jose  friar  estate  in  Mindoro. 

I  also,  in  connection  with  your  statement  that  he  did  not  ask  for 
that  estate  first  but  for  other  lands,  refer  you  to  the  statement  in 
Secretary  Worcester's  letter  of  October  21,  1909,  to  Gen.  Edwards: 

Two  gentlemen  who  are  contemplating  the  purchase  of  considerable  tracts  of 
San  Jose  friar  estate  caUed  at  my  office  the  other  day,  etc. 

That  is  dated  October  21.  How  does  it  come,  in  view  of  those 
statements,  that  these  men  decided  that  they  wanted  other  lands 
south  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  not  that  estate,  when  they  had  not 
been  down  there  to  see  it,  and  how  did  these  statements  come  to  be 
made  if  it  was  not  the  San  Jose  estate  that  they  wanted? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  called  their  attention  to  the  San  Jose  estate  and  told 
them  I  thought  it  was  better  land  than  the  land  they  had  intimated 
to  me  they  wanted  to  get,  and  I  went  over  the  prospectus  and  plans 
and  endeavored  to  induce  them  to  at  least  consider  the  purchase  of 
that  property,  and  then  the  question  was  raised  as  to  the  legality  of 
it,  and  I  got  the  opinion  of  my  attorney  and  referred  it  over  to  my 
superiors. 

Mr.  Martin.  Then  the  first  mention  of  the  San  Jose  estate  came 
from  you? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  not  from  Prentiss  and  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  it  came  from  me. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  they  wanted  was  lands  south  of  the  San  Jose 
estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  they  told  me  that  they  had  been  advised 
to  look  at. 

Mr.  Martin.  But  you  have  become  sufficiently  familiar  with  the 
record  made  over  here  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  by  this  time, 
have  you  not,  to  know  that  their  attorney,  or  the  attorney  represent- 
ing their  principal,  or  principals,  had  called  here  at  the  Bureau  of 
Insular  Affairs  on  September  3  and  discussed  the  matter  of  pur- 
chasing the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Poole  advised  me  that  their  attorney  had  been 
advised  in  Washington  that  these  estates  could  not  be  sold  in  areas 
in  excess  of  16  hectares,  and  I  informed  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
of  that  information,  and  told  him  that  I  thought  it  was  a  mistake, 
that  they  could  be  sold. 

Mr.  Martin.  Have  you  seen  this  letter  of  Secretary  Worcester  in 
which  he  said  that. they — Prentiss  and  Poole — stated  that  they  had 
been  informed  in  Washington  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  that 
the  sale  of  friar  lands  was  subject  to  the  same  limitations  as  that 
of  public  lands? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  415 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  still  you  say  that  it  was  not  the  San  Jose  estate 
that  they  mentioned  or  asked  for  at  all,  but  other  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  because  they  believed  they  could  not  buy  the 
San  Jose  estate. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  stated  that  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  the  200  hectares, 
I  believe,  of  the  Mindoro  estate,  of  the  lands  of  the  Mindoro  De- 
velopment Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  it  was  paid  for. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  said  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  did  not  say  who,  definitely,  paid  for  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  just  made  a  note  of  your  statement,  and  I  may  not 
have  been  correct,  that  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  the  Mindoro  Co.  lands. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  did  not  say  that.  Mr.  Poole  made  the  only 
payment  to  me  that  has  been  paid. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  was  that  for? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  for  the  4,200  hectares,  plus  the  first  pay- 
ment of  the  installments  on  the  balance  of  the  estate. 

Mr.  Martin.  Mr.  Poole  paid  for  the  4,200  hectares? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  cash. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  paid  in  full  for  that  tract? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  and  made  one  payment 

Mr.  Martin.  And  made  one  payment? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  For  the  other. 

Mr.  Martin.  Then  the  company  must  have  gotten  the  land  from 
him? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  my  understanding. 

Mr.  Martin.  They  must  have  gotten  the  200  hectares  from  him  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  the  company  was  one  of  his  nominees,  and 
we  deeded  the  land  directly  to  the  company. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  you  deeded  the  land  directly  to  the  company, 
but  who  paid  for  that?  That  is  the  question  I  am  asking  you,  who 
paid  for  that  200  hectares  that  was  paid  for  directly? 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  was  paid  as  part  of  that  4,200. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  that  paid  as  a  part  of  that  4,200? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  the  check  was  signed  by  Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  what  I  do  not  remember. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  was  for  the  4,200  all  in  one  check? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Where  is  that  check  now  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  the  bank  at  Manila,  I  presume. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  state  that  a  man  from  the  Honolulu  Iron  Works 
called  and  stated  that  he  was  building  a  sugar  mill  for  the  Mindoro 
Co.    When  was  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  was  in  September  or  October. 

Mr.  Martin.  September  or  October? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Of  this  year? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Did  he  say  for  whom  the  sugar  plant  was  being  built? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  he  said  he  was  putting  up  a  sugar  plant  on 
the  Island  of  Mindoro,  on  the  San  Jose  estate. 


416  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr,  Martin.  I  understand  that  Mr.  Thayer  has  disappeared,  and 
receivers  have  been  appointed  to  take  charge  of  kis  interests  there. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  have  heard  it  stated,  however,  that  others  were 
taking  over  his  interests  with  a  view  to  proceeding  with  the  purchase 
of  a  part  of  the  Calamba  estate,  the  part  that  he  had  a  lease  for  or  an 
option  to  purchase.    Do  you  know  anything  about  that  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  do  not  know  whether  there  are  any  persons  in 
interest  there  in  Mindoro  that  have  arranged  or  are  arranging  to 
take  over  the  part  of  this  estate  for  which  he  contracted  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  know  the  receivers  -are  endeavoring  to  get  somebody 
to  take  over  that  property,  and  Mr.  Carman  is  one  of  the  men. 

Mr.  Martin.  Mr.  Carman  is  one  of  the  same  gentlemen  there  who 
are  figuring  on  taking  over  this  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Who  is  Mr.  Carman  ?  ... 

Mr.  Sleeper.  He  is  a  wealthy  American  who  lives  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  do  not  know  what  interest  he  represents  or  is 
connected  with? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  he  has  some  real  estate  there,  I  think. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  stated  that  some  of  these  special  provisions  were 
placed  in  Mr.  Carpenter's  lease  because  the  land  was  not  very 
valuable,  and  so  forth. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  In  my  opinion,  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  yet  at  this  time  all  the  lands  on  that  estate  for 
which  sales  certificates  have  not  issued  are  covered  by  Mr.  Carpenter's 
lease  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Notwithstanding  the  character  or  condition  of  the 
land,  it  is  under  certificates  of  sale  now  to  the  Filipinos,  excepting 
what  he  has  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  practically  all.  There  may  be  some  small 
parcels. 

Mr.  Martin.  Sales  began  on  the  Piedad  estate  August  10,  1910,  I 
believe  it  is  stated  in  this  report  here,  in  the  matter  that  you  went  over 
this  morning? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  estate  is  between  the  Tala  estate  and  the  city  of 
Manila  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  is  the  area  of  the  Piedad  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Nine  thousand  six  hundred  and  iBfty  acres. 

Mr.  Martin.  There  never  was  a  single  acre  of  that  estate  sold  until 
the  9th  of  August,  1910? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  approximately  the  date ;  I  do  not  know  sure. 

Mr.  Martin.  Since  which  time  you  have  sold  how  many  thousand 
acres  of  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  will  have  to  get  a  statement  bringing  that  up  to 
date. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  many  acres  did  you  say  were  in  it? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Nine  thousand  six  hundred  and  fifty. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  made  a  note  righc  under  that  note  about  the  sales 
on  August  9,  to  the  effect  that  9,000  acres  have  been  sold ;  but  I  am 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  417 

not  sure  whether  it  refers  to  the  sales  of  that  estate  or  to  the  sales  of 
the  Tala  estate,  but  I  believe  it  refers  to  the  Piedad. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  Piedad  estate  should  be  pretty  well  sold.  It 
was  95  per  cent  occupied  on  the  1st  day  of  July. 

Mr.  Douglas.    Ninety -five  per  cent  occupied  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  So  that  while  the  sales  were  begun  on  the  9th  of 
August,  1910,  you  have  sold  about  9,000  acres  of  that  estate?  You 
can  correct  those  figures,  I  will  say,  if  they  are  wrong. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  have  practically  sold  all  of  it  but  one  lease,  the 
Dancel  lease, 

Mr.  Martin.  It  can  not  be  sold  at  this  time  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  can  be ;  yes. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  say  it  can  not  be,  or  it  can  be? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  can  be  sold. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  completed  the  field  work  on  that  Piedad  estate 
December  16,  1907  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  I  think  that  is  the  date. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  is  on  page  97? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  So  that  it  took  your  bureau  from  December  IG,  1907, 
when  you  completed  the  field  work,  up  to  August  9,  1910,  to  get  it 
in  shape  to  begin  sales? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Nearly  three  years? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  this  estate  was  right  on  the  borders  of  the  city 
of  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  has  nothing  to  do  with  it. 

Mr.  Martin.  Well,  but  it  is  located  there,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper,  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  came  right  down  almost  to  the  city  limits? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  within  2  or  3  miles. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  I  will  show  you  a  matter  that  we  want  to  clear 
up  a  little  bit  here  in  a  moment.  I  notice  on  page  97,  under  this  head- 
ing of  "Surveys;  field  work  completed,"  that  the  field  work  was 
completed  on  the  last  estate,  the  Santa  Maria  de  Pandi,  on  June  30, 
1908? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  And  all  the  others  had  their  field  work  completed,  a 
great  many  of  them  in  1907  and  1906,  and  even  back  in  1905. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yet  in  scrutinizing  that  table  it  does  not  appear  that 
you  had  hardly  any  of  these  estates  ready  for  sale  until  well  along 
'in  1910. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  that  is  true. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  call  attention  to  the  fact  in  my  statement  that  of 
the  65,000  acres  of  the  friar  lands  which  had  been  sold  up  to  July  1, 
1910,  over  38,000  acres  had  been  sold  on  four  of  these  estates  since 
the  controversy  over  the  friar  lands  in  Congress,  and  I  want  to  ask 
now  if  the  bulk  of  the  rest  of  the  sales  have  not  been  made  since 
that  time? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  have  been  made — all  estates  have  been  offered 
for  sale  except  one,  the  Talisay-Minglanilla  in  Cebu,  which  I  ex- 


418  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

pected  to  put  on  sale  this  month,  but  which  I  have  just  received  word 
can  not  be  put  on  sale  until  the  15th  of  February  on  account  of 
the  identification. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  the  condition  of  work  in  your  office  such  that 
from  one  year  and  a  half  to  three  years,  as  appears  in  this  table,  had 
to  elapse  after  the  completion  of  field  work  before  you  could  get 
them  in  shape  to  make  the  sales  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  the  fact,  yes,  sir;  with  the  funds  we  had 
available,  and  the  employees. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  want  to  ask  you  if  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester  has  had 
any  other  land  holdings,  or  if  he  has  had  any  trouble  over  land 
holdings,  in  the  Philippines,  to  your  knowledge  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  do  not  remember  any. 

Mr.  Martin.  Was  he  concerned  in  any  way  in  the  action  brought 
by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  against  those  newspaper  men  over 
there? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  do  not  know  whether  he  was  concerned  in  that 
or  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Can  you  give  me  any  idea  how  near  you  are  through  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes ;  I  am  very  near  through.  Up  to  and  including 
1908  the  report  of  the  director  of  public  lands  was  included  in  the 
report  of  the  Philippine  Commission,  which  was  sent  on  here  to 
Washington,  presumably  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  was  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  sent  my  reports  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
What  he  did  with  them  I  do  not  know,  except  that  it  has  been  pub- 
lished at  times. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  ask  you,  then,  if  you  really  know  whether  your 
annual  report  up  to  and  including  1908  was  embodied  in  the  Philip- 
pine Commission  report  made  to  the  Secretary  of  War  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  believe  there  was  some  general  letter  or  circular 
sent  around  stating  that  the  annual  report  hereafter  would  have  to 
be  modified  in  size  and  would  not  be  published.  I  do  not  know 
when  that  was. 

Mr.  Martin.  As  the  result  of  that  circular,  or, whatever  was  sent 
around,  your  report  for  1909  was  omitted  from  the  report  of  the 
Philippine  Commission  made  by  the  Secretary  of  War  here  in 
Washington  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  same  as  other  Government  bureau  reports  in 
Manila. 

Mr.  Martin.  So  that  that  report  and  that  information  was  not 
available  in  the  Philippine  Commission  report  for  1909,  as  it  had 
been  for  the  preceding  years  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  was  published  in  Manila,  was  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  here  in  Washington  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  presume  it  was. 

Mr.  Martin.  In  what  form  was  it  in  that  bureau  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  in  the  form  of  a  typewritten  report. 

Mr.  Martin.  It  was  not  printed  for  distribution  and  was  not 
available  to  Members  of  Congress,  for  instance,  in  printed  form  ? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  419 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  was  not.     I  never  had  it  printed  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  bring  that  fact  out  in  connection  with  the  difficul- 
ties that  were  experienced  in  getting  that  report  until  it  was  fur- 
nished, along  toward  the  close  of  Congress,  by  the  Secretary  of  War, 
after  it  had  been  called  for  once  or  twice  before.  Now  I  want  to  ask 
one  or  two  more  questions. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  a  question  or  a  statement  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  If  Mr.  Sleeper  w^ants  to  say  anything  with  reference 
to  it,  very  well. 

The  Chairman.  Go  ahead. 

Mr.  Martin.  This  agricultural  fund  of  $100,000 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  is  the  loan  fund — to  loan  to  tenants. 

Mr.  Martin.  That  was  first  to  be  applied  in  Cavite  Province,  was 
it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir ;  I  think  it  was  first  to  be  applied  in  Laguna 
Province. 

Mr.  Martin.  Did  it  not  designate  one  certain  province? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  designated  certain  estates. 

Mr.  Martin.  What  is  that? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  designated  certain  estates.  I  originally 
recommended  that  certain  estates  come  under  the  provisions  of  that 
fund,  because  we  wanted  to  get  them  under  cultivation;  they  were 
high-priced  land,  like  the  Santa  Eosa  estate.  That  was  the  estate  I 
was  principally  interested  in  at  that  time. 

Mr.  Martin.  But  it  especially  mentioned  the  encouragement  of 
sugar  production,  did  it  not? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  act  will  speak  for  itself. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  call  your  attention  to  this  in  regard  to  that.  It 
says : 

Loans  wiU  be  made  for  the  sole  purpose  of  stiiiuilatin.c:  the  production  of 
sugar,  and  can  only  be  made  on  certain  lands  of  the  railroad  company,  which 
estates  are  owned  by  the  Sugar  Mill  Co. 

That  is  the  statement  that  has  been  made  in  connection  with  this 
matter. 

Mr.  Douglas.  By  you  on  the  floor,  do  you  mean  ? 

Mr.  Martin.  You  will  find  it  in  the  Congressional  Record.  Now, 
what  I  want  to  ask  is  this:  Is  it  not  a  fact  that  that  fund  was  origi- 
nally ordered  to  be  applied  only  to  sugar  estates,  and  that  thereafter 
it  was  enlarged? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  was  my  original  intention,  to  assist  the  culti- 
vation of  sugar  on  these  estates  where  the  men  had  lost  their  mills 
and  their  caraboes  and  everything  else. 

Mr.  Martin.  Afterwards  you  enlarged  it  to  include  other  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir;  we  enlarged  it  and  extended  it  to  certain 
other  estates. 

Mr.  Martin.  Did  you  not  extend  it  to  certain  other  estates  in  about 
August,  1908? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  August  21,  1908. 

Mr.  Martin.  August  21,  1908;  and  one  of  those  estates  that  you 
ordered  it  extended  to  was  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 


420  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Martin.  Can  you  state  whether  the  Tala  estate  has  ever  gotten 
any  part  of  that  fund  in  any  manner,  or  has  any  part  of  that  fund 
been  expended  upon  the  Tala  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Martin.  How  much? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  know.     I  would  have  to  look  the  records  up. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  Avould  like  to  know  how  much  of  that  fund  has  been 
expended  on  the  Tala  estate,  and  for  what  purpose  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Martin.  Now,  I  am  almost  through.  I  want  to  ask  how  or 
why  it  was  that  Mr.  Carpenter's  name  was  omitted  from  the  report 
of  the  director  of  public  lands  for  1909  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  From  what? 

Mr.  Martin.  This  lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter  on  the  Tala  does  not  ap- 
pear in  this  report,  or  what  is  called  the  report,  that  was  sent  to  Con- 
gress by  Secretary  Dickinson,  Document  No.  914. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  it  does  not  appear  in  the  specific  name — in 
his  name. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  lease  had  also  been  made  some  months  prior  to 
the  1908  report  and  it  does  not  appear  there.  Is  it  the  practice  in 
your  office  in  making  up  its  annual  reports  to  omit  such  an  item  as  an 
option  to  lease  12,000  or  15,000  acres  of  land? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  area  of  land  leased  is  included  in  this  report,  to 
Mr.  Carpenter;  it  is  not  mentioned  by  name,  as  being  to  Mr.  Car- 
penter, but  neither  is  anybody  else's  name  mentioned.  The  number 
of  leases  that  he  had  signed  at  that  time  is  included  in  the  area  of 
the  Tala  estate  as  reported. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  there  the  same  situation  in  regard  to  the  report 
for  1908  ?  ^  ^ 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir.  I  do  not  think  any  of  them  were  mentioned 
by  name. 

Mr.  Martin.  Here  in  Document  No.  914,  on  page  14,  this  being  the 
report  for  1909,  it  is  stated  down  there  next  to  the  last  paragraph  that 
"  it  is  anticipated  that  the  following  estates  will  be  placed  on  sale 
during  the  year,"  the  first  estate  mentioned  being  the  Tala. 

Mr.   Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  fact  is  that  that  estate  had  been  leased  to  Mr. 
Carpenter,  with  the  option  to  purchase  all  the  unoccupied  land  on 
it  and  all  the  unoccupied  land  that  might  become  vacant,  more  than 
a  year  before  this  statement  was  made  here? 

Mr.   Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Martin.  The  fact  is  that  that  lease  is  not  mentioned  or  spe- 
cifically referred  to  in  either  the  1908  or  1909  report? 

Mr.  Sleepek,  Or  any  other  reports,  except  the  special  reports  call- 
ing for  names. 

Mr.  Douglas.  No  other  name ;  no  other  lease,  he  means. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  The  name  of  the  lessee. 

Mr.  Martin.  You  mention  a  preliminary  contract  as  having  been 
entered  into  during  the  previous  year  for  the  Tala  estate.  That  is 
mentioned  at  page  82  of  this  document,  number  914. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  in  the  appendix. 

Mr.  Martin.  Yes.  You  allude  there,  or  refer  there,  to  the  Tala 
estate  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  421 

Mr.  Martin.  At  page  82  it  says: 

The  balance  of  the  estate,  for  which  a  preliminary  contract  was  made  during 
the  previous  year,  will  soon  be  leased  and  occupied. 

Leaving  out  the  matter  of  reporting  the  name,  there  really  is  not 
any  way  in  which  a  person  could  take  either  the  1908  report  or  the 
1909  report  and  determine  that  this  lease  has  been  made  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  any  more  than  he  could  any  other  lease. 

Mr.  Martin.  I  am  not  mentioning  Mr.  Carpenter.  They  could  not 
determine  from  this  that  this  lease  had  been  made  to  any  other 
person  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.    Nor  any  other  lease  to  any  person? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Nor  any  other  lease,  except  that  so  much  land  had 
been  leased. 

The  Chairman.  In  other  words,  your  annual  reports  do  not  give 
the  names  of  any  lessees? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  cause  of  the  delay  between  the  prep- 
aration and  sale  in  regard  to  the  Piedad  estate? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  We  had  a  limited  number  of  clerks  and  employees  to 
do  this  work.  We  also  had  a  limited  appropriation,  and  therefore 
we  had  to  take  the  estates  as  we  would  come  to  them  and  work  them 
out  and  put  them  on  sale,  and  it  culminated  this  year  in  rushing  to 
final  sale,  classification,  and  so  forth,  within  the  last  year,  following 
out  the  ideas  of  the  legislature  out  there  that  they  did  not  want  to 
expend  only  so  much  money  per  year  on  the  friar-land  administra- 
tion. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Was  this  rushing  of  the  friar-land  matter  con- 
nected in  any  way  with  any  discussion  in  Congress  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  this  investigation  has  delayed,  I  might  say, 
my  bureau  two  months  in  the  culmination  of  this  matter. 

The  Chairman.  You  say  that  the  Piedad  estate  has  been  practi- 
cally all  sold  ?    Was  it  or  not  sold  to  tenants  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  most  of  it  was  sold  to  former  tenants. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  this  Piedad  estate  treated  in  any  other  w^ay  than 
any  other  estate  in  these  reports  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  just  the  same. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  there  any  suggestion  that  it  was  just  as  well 
to  leave  estates  to  be  largely  occupied  hiter,  because  the  tenants  would 
be  better  able  to  purchase  later  on,  because  they  would  have  more 
carabaos,  and  so  on? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  Avas  a  fact.     I  made  that  report  myself. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  is  that  mining  claim  to  which  you  referred? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  At  Masbate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  far  is  that  from  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  about  a  30  or  35-hour  trip  from  Manila  in  a 
steamer. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  you  have  any  knowledge  of  these  orders  issued 
by  the  Secretary  or  the  Governor  General  as  to  permitting  employees 
to  enter  business? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Mr.  Gilbert  referred  to  in  connection  with  the 
Miller  matter  was  the  Mr.  Gilbert  who  was  formerly  a  Member  of 
Congress  ? 


422  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  can  anybody  get  lands  in  Baguio  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  By  purchasing  them  at  public  auction. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  the  only  method  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  the  only  way  at  the  present  time,  except  to 
buy  them  from  somebody  else  who  has  already  purchased  at  public 
auction. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  This  prohibition  as  to  engaging  in  business,  is  it 
a  statute  or  a  rule? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  understand  it  is  a  rule  of  the  Civil  Service  Board 
in  the  nature  of  an  executive  order. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Have  you  the  exact  language  anywhere  about  you  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  think  it  is  here,  though. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  would  suggest  that  you  incorporate  that  in  your 
testimony. 

(The  order  referred  to  is  as  follows:) 

[Civil  Service  Rules.— Executive  Order  No.  5.] 

The  Goveenme:nt  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 

Executive  Bureau, 
Manila,  P.  /.,  January  9,  1909. 
In  the  exercise  of  power  conferred  by  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902, 
known  as  the  "  Philippine  bill,"  and  by  act  No.  1698  of  the  Philippine  Commis- 
sion, known  as  the  "  Revised  civil-service  act,"  the  Governor  General  hereby  ap- 
proves and  promulgates  the  following  civil-service  rules  prepared  and  certified 
by  the  director  of  civil  service,  in  lieu  of  the  civH-service  rules  promulgated 
September  1,  1904,  and  amendments  thereof. 


Rule  XIII. — Prohihliions  and  penalties. 

5.  No  officer  or  employee  shall  engage  in  any  private  business,  vocation,  or 
profession,  or  be  connected  with  any  commercial  undertaking,  or  lend  money  on 
real  or  personal  property  without  written  permission  from  the  chief  of  the  bu- 
reau or  office  in  which  he  is  serving,  and  of  the  Governor  General  or  proper  head 
of  department.  As  a  general  rule,  in  any  enterprise  which  involves  the  taking  of 
time,  this  prohibition  will  be  absolute  in  the  case  of  those  officers  and  employees 
whose  remuneration  is  fixed  on  the  assumption  that  their  entire  time  is  at  the 
disposal  of  the  Government;  if  granted  permission  to  engage  in  a  business  re- 
quiring time  of  applicant,  copies  must  be  furnished  the  director. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  this  map  you  have  here  of  these  friar  lands,  within 
60  kilometers  of  Manila,  I  notice  on  the  Calamba  estate,  in  green, 
some  land  apparently  belonging  to  the  Philippine  Sugar  Estates  De- 
velopment Co. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  that  is  one  of  the  parcels  I  spoke  of  in  my  state- 
ment. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Keserved  by  the  friars  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  so  in  every  case  where  the  Philippine  Sugar 
Estates  Development  Co.  appears^ 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  beg  your  pardon  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  all  these  cases  where  the  Philippine  Sugar  Estates 
Development  Co.  appears  on  this  map  in  green,  has  that  been  re- 
served from  sale  by  the  friars? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  Philippine  Sugar  Estates  Development 
Co.? 


'  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  423 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  a  corporation  which  formerly  owned  some  of  the 
estates  which  were  purchased,  known  as  the  friar  estates. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  San  Isidro  and  San  Jose  estates  given  here,  are 
those  friar  estates? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  I  think  they  are  private  estates.  One  of  them 
I  know  is,  and  I  think  they  both  are. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  the  administration  of  the  fund  of  ^100,000,  which 
was  appropriated  to  assist  tenants,  I  want  to  know  what  you  know 
of  any  attempt  to  so  administer  that  fund  as  to  benefit  the  Manila 
Railway  Co.  or  any  other  person  or  corporation  whatsoever,  except 
the  men — the  individual  land  owners  who  had  suffered,  the  cultiva- 
tors of  the  soil — for  whose  benefit  the  fund  was  desired  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  There  was  no  attempt  to  administer  the  funds  for  the 
benefit  of  anybody  but  the  cultivators  of  the  soil,  at  any  time,  and  no 
amount  of  that  money  has  gone  from  that  fund  to  benefit  anybody 
else. 

Mr,  Douglas.  What  have  you  to  say  to  the  charge  made  by  Mr. 
Martin  that  the  money  was  spent  for  the  sole  purpose,  or  the  loan 
was  made  for  the  purpose,  of  stimulating  the  sale  of  sugar  on  certain 
estates  which  are  reached  by  the  lines  of  the  Manila  Railway  Co.? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  absolutely  false. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  have  you  to  say  with  reference  to  the  intima- 
tions made  by  the  question  asked  you  about  the  publication  of  the 
lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter,  as  to  whether  you  or  anyone  in  your  office,  to 
your  knowledge,  or  any  member  of  the  Philippine  Government,  has 
ever  at  any  time  or  in  any  manner  suggested  to  you  or  to  anyone  that 
they  acknowledged  the  advisability  of  suppressing  the  leases  made  to 
Mr.  Carpenter  from  publication? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  have  never  heard  any  remarks  or  intimations  ex- 
cept from  Mr.  Carpenter  himself,  after  the  attack  made  on  him. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  do  you  mean  by  that — that  he  wanted  it 
suppressed  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No  ;  but  he  was  turning  over  in  his  own  mind  whether 
he  ought  to  do  it  or  not. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Do  what? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Relinquish  his  lease,  if  he  could,  but  I  told  him  he 
could  not. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  told  him  he  could  not  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  has  he  asked  you,  or  have  you  asked  anybody^ 
or  have  you  connived  in  any  way,  directly,  or  indirectly,  to  suppress 
the  fact  in  any  reports  made  to  anybody  above  you  or  below  you 
that  anybody  had  made  such  a  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  the  next  place,  have  you  any  desire  yourself,  Capt. 
Sleeper,  to  further  explain  the  fact  that  you,  at  some  time,  a  number 
of  years  ago,  became  interested  in  some  mining  proposition  out  there  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Except  as  a  matter  of  business ;  I  used  to  put  up  $25 
a  month  to  a  prospector,  who  finally  located  a  claim  for  me,  and 
we  found  there  was  a  lead  in  the  claim,  and  we  went  on  developing 
until  we  are  now  getting  a  mine  there.  It  was  in  a  country  that  was 
absolutely  undeveloped,  and  no  mining  done.  At  the  time  I  did  this 
I  was  in  the  service  of  the  city  of  Manila,  and  at  the  time  I  accepted 
my  appointment  I  spoke  to  Gov.  Wright  about  this  thing,  and  he 


424  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

said  it  could  continue  right  along,  he  would  not  make  any  objections 
to  that ;  but  that  I  should  not  go  into  any  new  land  ventures  at  all, 
and  I  agreed  to  that. 

The  Chairman.  You  were  not  an  officer  of  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  was  an  officer  of  the  city  of  Manila,  which  is  a 
part  of  the  Philippine  Government,  but  under  separate  organization. 

Mr.  Madison.  Had  you  filed  on  your  mining  claim  at  the  time  you 
became  an  employee  of  the  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Had  I  filed  on  it  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes;  I  had  been  staking  a  prospector  down  there, 
and  the  claim  was  in  my  name. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  had  actually  located  the  claim  and  had  made 
your  filing  upon  the  claim? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  I  had  been  down  on  the  ground. 

Mr.  Madison.  Before  you  became  an  employee  of  the  Government? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  I  think  about  a  year  before. 

Mr.  Madison.  Now,  I  want  to  ask  another  question.  What  notices 
are  given  of  the  sales  at  Baguio,  the  auction  sales  of  leases  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  They  are  advertised  in  the  daily  papers  of  Manila, 
and  are  advertised  in  the  bulletins  of  the  office  of  public  lands,  and 
also  on  the  property  at  Baguio. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  notice  is  given? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Seven  days,  I  think. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  far  is  Baguio  from  Manila? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  I  think  it  is  155  miles. 

Mr.  Madison.  Reached  by  railroad? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  All  but  17  miles  is  reached  by  railroad. 

Mr.  Worcester.  For  the  sake  of  getting  the  matter  in  the  record 
where  it  belongs,  may  I  ask  Capt.  Sleeper  two  very  brief  questions  ? 

The  Chairman.  Yes. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Capt.  Sleeper,  a  good  deal  has  been  made  here, 
apparently,  of  the  time  that  elapsed  before  the  sales  began  on  estates 
which  had  already  been  leased  to  their  occupants,  and  the  statement 
has  been  made  by  Mr.  Martin  on  the  floor  of  the  House  that  the 
rental  paid  by  lessees  conferred  upon  them  no  rights  connected  with 
their  holdings.  Will  you  state  to  the  committee  whether  that  state- 
ment by  Mr.  Martin  is  true,  or  whether  it  is  true  under  the  law  and 
the  rulings  of  the  department  of  the  interior  that  the  leasing  of 
land  by  an  occupant  entitles  him  to  purchase  that  land,  and  that 
every  payment  he  makes  on  account  of  rental  constitutes  a  part  pay- 
ment of  the  purchase  price  so  that  this  change  between  the  lease 
column  and  the  sales  column  is  quickly  made  when  the  time  comes 
for  it,  and  is,  in  effect,  a  book  transaction,  and  the  rights  of  the  ten- 
ant to  his  land  are  protected  from  the  day  he  takes  out  his  lease? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  That  is  true. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  suggestion  has  been  very  broadly  made  here 
that  action  on  the  friar  estates  has  been  expedited  as  a  result  of  this 
investigation.  Is  it  or  is  it  not  true  that  at  the  time  I  prepared  my 
special  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War  I  called  upon  you  for  a  state- 
ment as  to  the  probable  progress  which  would  be  made  in  disposing 
of  the  estates,  and  that  instead  of  having  got  ahead  faster  than  we 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  425 

expected,  we  have  got  ahead  more  slowly  than  we  expected  at  that 
time  and  are  going  to  be  about  two  months  late  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Yes ;  that  is  true. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  all. 

The  Chairman.  The  committee  will  stand  adjourned  until  10 
o'clock  next  Monday  morning. 

(Thereupon  the  committee  adjourned  until  Monday,  December  19, 
1910,  at  10  o'clock  a.m.) 

The  lease  to  Emilio  Aguinaldo,  referred  to  by  Capt.  Sleeper  at 
page  289  of  these  hearings,  is  as  follows  : 

[B.  L.  Form  No.  26.] 

[Philippine  Islands,  Province  of  Cavite,  Imus  estate.     Temporary  lease  No.  3605.     Annual 

rental,    r420.] 

Tliis  indenture,  made  and  entered  into  in  duplicate  tliis  22d  day  of  May, 
1907,  by  and  between  C.  H.  Sleeper  as  director  of  lands,  with  cedula  No. 
A~1479174,  190~,  acting  lierein  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  as  authorized  by  the  provisions  of  tlie  friar  lands  act,  No. 

1120,  as  party  of  the  first  part,  and  Kmilio  Aguinaldo,  of  age,  a  resident 

of  the  barrio  of  Cavite  Viejo,  municipality  of  Novaleta,  Province  of  Cavite,  by 
occupation  a  farmer,  married,  with  cedula  No.  162967,  1907,  party  of  the 
second  part: 

Witnesseth  that  the  party  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  the 
rents,  covenants,  stipulations,  and  conditions  hereinafter  stated  and  hereby 
agreed  to  be  paid,  observed,  and  performed  by  the  party  of  the  second  part, 
does  hereby  lease,  let,  and  demise  unto  the  party  of  the  second  part  the  follow- 
ing-described tract  of  land,  lying  and  being  in  the  municipality  of  Imus,  Prov- 
ince of  Cavite,  Philippine  Islands,  and  being  a  portion  of  the  Imus  estate,  the 
property  of  said  Government,  to  wit :  One  parcel,  Baldio,  barrio  of  Paliparan, 
262  H.  50  A. ;  Bosque,  barrio  of  Paliparan,  787  H.  50  A. 

Bounded  on  the  north  by  a  line  beginning  on  the  east  bank  of  Baluctot  River 
and  extending  in  an  easterly  direction  to  a  point  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Embar- 
cadero  River;  bounded  on  the  east  by  the  Embarcadero  River;  bounded  on  the 
south  by  the  southern  boundary  of  the  Imus  estate;  bounded  on  the  west  by 
the  Baluctot  River. 

Containing  an  area  of  1,050  hectares,  ares,  and  cen tares,  for  the 

period  of years,  dating  from  the  1st  day  of  January,  1907. 

In  consideration  whereof,  and  recognizing  the  said  lands  as  the  property  of 
said  Government,  the  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  agrees  to  pay  to  the  di- 
rector of  lands  or  his  representative,  at  such  place  as  he  may  designate,  as 
rental  for  said  premises,  the  sum  of  $210  and  cents.  United  States  cur- 
rency, per  annum,  and  to  pay  said  sum  on  the  date  following,  to  wit,  $210  on 
December  31,  1907. 

In  further  consideration,  and  as  an  essential  condition  of  this  lease,  it  is 
expressly  understood  and  agreed  that  this  lease  shall  terminate  and  expire  on 
the  31st  day  of  December,  A.  D.  1907,  and  that  no  presumption  of  renewal  or 
continuation  beyond  that  day  can  arise,  the  party  of  the  second  part  hereby 
expressly  renouncing  and  waiving  all  rights  conferred  in  this  regard  by  the 
provisions  of  article  1566  of  the  civil  code.  The  party  of  the  second  part  hereby 
further  waives  and  renounces  any  rights  to  notice  or  demand  for  payment  of 
rent  mentioned  in  section  80  of  the  code  of  civil  procedure,  as  well  as  all  other 
periods  of  grace,  and  agrees  that  the  director  of  lands  may  annul  and  terminate 
this  lease  should  the  party  of  the  second  part  fail  or  refuse  to  pay  the  above 
stipulated  rental  in  the  sums  and  at  the  times  and  place  hereinbefore  agreed 
upon.  The  party  of  the  second  part  hereby  further  waives  and  renounces  any 
right  he  may  have  under  the  provisions  of  article  1554  of  the  civil  code,  to  be 
placed  or  maintained  in  peaceable  possession  of  the  premises  hereby  leased, 
and  also  any  right  he  might  have  under  the  provisions  of  article  1575  of  the 
civil  code,  to  any  reduction  of  rent  on  account  of  any  loss  or  damage  suffered 
by  reason  of  any  extraordinary  or  unforeseen  fortuitous  events, 

82278°— H.  Rept.  2289,  61-3 31 


426  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Said  party  of  the  second  part  expressly  agrees  that  he  will  not  assign  or 
transfer  this  lease,  or  subrent  or  sublease  said  lands,  or  any  part  thereof,  with- 
out first  securing  the  written  permission  of  said  party  of  the  first  part. 

It  is  hereby  expressly  understood  and  agreed  by  and  between  the  parties 
hereto,  that  the  land  herein  designated  in  the  description  as  "  bosque "  land 
shall  pay  a  rental  at  the  rate  of  forty  centavos  (^.40)  Philippine  currency  per 
hectare  for  each  of  the  two  (2)  years  immediately  following  the  expiration  of 
the  one  (1)  year  for  which  the  within  lease  is  hereby  executed. 

And  it  is  further  expressly  understood  and  agreed  that,  at  such  a  time  as  the 
hereinbefore  described  lands  become  subject  to  purchase,  the  within  named 
lessee  shall  be  entitled  to  purchase  the  aforementioned  lands  described  as 
"  baldio,"  at  the  minimum  rate  at  which  lands  on  the  Imus  estate,  classed  as 
"  baldio,"  are  to  be  sold. 

That  the  within-named  lessee  shall  be  entitled  to  purchase  the  lands,  herein- 
before designated  as  "  bosque,"  at  the  minimum  rate  at  which  lands  on  the  said 
estate,  classed  as  "  bosque,"  are  sold ;  it  being  expressly  understood  that  the 
said  lands,  by  reason  of  work  performed  and  moneys  expended  in  improvements 
thereon,  shall  not  be  considered  as  of  enhanced  value  at  the  time  when  the  same 
become  subject  to  sale,  but  shall  be  considered  as  of  the  value  and  in  the  same 
conditions  in  which  the  same  are  found  on  the  date  of  the  execution  of  the  within 
instrument. 

In  witness  whereof  the  parties  hereto  have  hereunto  set  their  hands. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 
Emilio  Aguinaldo. 

Signed  by  the  party  of  the  second  part  in  the  presence  of — 
C.  D.  Behrens, 
Candido  Sayoc. 
Approved : 

James  F.  Smith, 

Acting  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
Certified  correct: 
C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 


INVESTIGATION  OF  THE  INTERIOR  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE 
PHILIPPINE  GOVERNMENT. 


House  of  Representatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

Monday,  Decewher  19,  1910, 
The  committee  met  to-day  at  10  o^ clock  a.  m. 
In  the  absence  of  the  chairman,  Hon.  Edgar  D.  Crumpacker  pre- 
sided.    Present:  Messrs.    Crumpacker,    Hamilton,    Hubbard,    Gra- 
ham, Parsons,  Davis,  Madison,  Douglas,  Jones,  Page,  Garrett,  Helm, 
Rucker,  and  Larrinaga. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Worcester,  will  you  tal^c  the  witness  stand. 
Have  you  been  sworn  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  have  not  been  sworn. 

TESTIMONY  OF  MR.  D.  C.  WORCESTER. 

(The  witness  was  sworn  by  the  acting  chairman.) 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Worcester,  what  position  do  you  occupy  in 
the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  a  member  of 
the  Philippine  Commission,  which  is  the  upper  house  of  our  legisla- 
ture, and  chairman  of  the  joint  committee  of  the  Philippine  Legis- 
lature. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  are  the  duties  of  that  joint  committee 
and  its  composition  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  joint  committee  continues  in  session  during 
the  interim  between  the  sessions  of  the  legislature.  It  is  made  up  of 
seven  members  of  the  commission  and  seven  members  of  the  Philippine 
Assembly.  Its  duties  are  in  part  to  attend  to  the  disbursement  of 
what  we  call  a  calamity  fund.  The  islands  are  subject  to  sudden 
misfortunes  at  times  from  violent  storms,  great  fires  that  destroy 
whole  towns,  and  earthquakes^  and  we  have  found  that  disbursements 
may  be  required  to  be  made  when  the  legislature  is  not  in  session. 
The  committee  further  occuj)ies  itself  with  proposed  laws  which  may 
be  presented  to  it  by  the  presiding  officer  of  either  house,  and  prepares 
its  recommendations  upon  them  for  the  legislature — gets  them  in 
shape  for  submission. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  makes  recommendations  for  legislation  to 
the  two  houses  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  such  measures  as  may  be  submitted  to  it,  but 
it  does  not  itself  originate  measures. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  long  have  you  been  secretary  of  the 
interior  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Since  the  organization  of  the  executive  depart- 
ments of  the  Government.  I  thmk  my  appointment  bears  date  of 
September  1,  1901. 

427 


428  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Were  you  a  member  of  the  original  Philippine 
Commission  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  the  so-called  Schiirman  Commission. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  When  were  you  appointed  on  that  commission  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  my  appointment  was  dated  during  the 
last  week  of  December,  1898.  We  left  for  the  Philippines  the  first  ojE 
January,  1899. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  you  been  connected  with  the  Government 
of  the  Philippine  Island  from  that  time  until  the  present  time  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have,  sir.  I  have  held  office  continuously. 
My  membership  in  the  first  Philippine  Commission  continued  until 
my  appointment  to  the  second  Philippine  Commission. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  or  not  you  have  a  general  acquaint- 
ance with  the  Philippine  Islands — those  that  are  inhabited — the  lands, 
climate,  and  topography  of  the  islands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  a  pretty  general  acquaintance  with  all 
of  the  islands,  both  inhabited  and  uninhabited.  I  visited  the 
Philippines  twice  during  the  Spanish  regime  and  traveled  quite 
steaclily  during  those  visits,  and  the  nature  of  my  work  since  the 
American  occupation  has  been  such  as  to  involve  frequent  trips 
through  the  islands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  have  written  a  book  on  Philippine  affairs, 
I  beheve  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  wrote  an  account  of  our  experience  there  after 
my  return  from  my  second  trip,  and  about  the  time  that  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  began  to  excite  interest  in  this  country. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  As  secretary  of  the  interior,  what  control  do 
you  have  of  the  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  bureau  of  lands  is  one  of  the  several 
bureaus  which  come  under  the  executive  control  of  the  secretary  of 
the  interior.  The  director  of  that  bureau  is  my  immediate  subordi- 
nate, his  acts  are  subject  to  my  approval,  and  I  am,  in  short,  the 
responsible  officer  in  connection  with  public-land  and  friar-land 
transactions. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  area  of  agricultural  lands  in  the 
islands,  approximately? 

Mr.  Worcester.  One  can  onljr  make  a  guess.  Any  statement  that 
is  made  on  that  subject  is  subject  to  correction.  We  estimate  the 
agricultural  lands,  occupied  and  unoccupied,  at  about  65,000,000 
acres. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  acres  are  in  private  ownership  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  According  to  the  last  census  there  are  some 
2,250,000  parcels  in  the  Philippines,  covering  about  20,000,000 
acres,  whicn  might  probably  become  lands  privately  owned  if  the 
occupants  cared  to  take  the  trouble  to  establish  their  titles.  In 
point  of  fact,  at  the  time  these  figures  were  compiled  only  about  6,000 
titles  had  been  established. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Covering  how  many  acres  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  not  that  information. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  About  how  many  acres  of  those  lands  in  private 
ownership  are  cultivated  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  give  you  any  statement  which  would 
cover  the  islands  as  a  whole  without  going  back  to  the  census.  I 
can  give  you  statements  for  specific  provinces.     In  the  Province 


ADMIISriSTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  429 

of  Nueva  Ecija,  for  instance,  where  my  nephew's  land  is  situated, 
29.6  per  cent  of  the  total  land  included  in  farms  is  estimated  to  be 
cultivated.  This  makes  4.76  per  cent  of  the  total  lands  in  the  prov- 
ince. In  Mindoro,  where  the  San  Jose  estate  is  situated,  3,9  per 
cent  of  the  total  area  of  lands  is  estimated  to  be  included  in  so-called 
fariu  lands;  that  is,  lands  claimed  by  private  individuals.  Of  this 
8.2  per  cent  is  cultivated,  making  a  total  of  0.32  per  cent  of  the  total 
lands  in  that  island  at  present  under  cultivation, 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  area  in  square  miles  of  the  Island 
of  Mindoro  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  3,851  square  miles. 

Mr.  Crump  ACKER.  What  is  the  general  character  of  the  agricul- 
tural lands  in  that  island  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mindoro  is  considered  to  be  potentially  one  of 
our  very  richest  islands  agriculturall3\  It  is  mountainous  in  the 
interior,  but  to  the  eastward  and  westward  of  the  central  mountain 
range  there  are  very  extensive  alluvial  plains  containing  lands  per- 
liaps  as  rich  as  can  be  found  anywhere  in  tlie  Tropics.  On  the  whole, 
it  may  be  said,  that  a  large  part  of  the  land  of  the  island  can  be  culti- 
vated advantageously  if  labor  can  be  found.  The  conditions  of  the 
land  and  soil  are  such  as  to  make  cultivation  feasible. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Following  the  enactment  of  the  law  providing  a 
temporary  goveriunent  for  the  Philippine  Islands,  known  as  the 
organic  law,  the  Philippine  Commission  enacted  what  is  called  the 
public  land  law,  down  there.  No.  926  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Act  No.  926;  3^es,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  provides  for  the  administration  and  dis- 
I>osition  of  the  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  As  distinguished  from  tlie  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Then  some  time  thereafter  the  commission 
enacted  a  law  providing  for  the  administration  and  disposition  of 
tlie  friar  lands;  I  believe  it  is  No.  1120  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  why  the  administration  of  the 
friar  lands  was  not  provided  for  in  the  public-land  act  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  In  the  organic  act  Congress  dis- 
tinguished plainly  between  public  lands  and  friar  lands.  They 
apparently  recognized  the  fact  tliat  the  public  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  were  the  property  of  the  United  States  Government  under 
the  control  of  Congress  and  desired  to  prevent  the  Philippine  Com- 
mission from  assuming  control  of  those  lands,  because  they  expressly 
Erovided  that  such  legislation  as  the  commission  might  enact  should 
e  submitted  for  the  approval  of  the  President  and  by  him  be  trans- 
mitted to  Congress  to  await  during  a  certain  period  the  action  of 
Congress  before  it  became  effective.  It  was  provided  that  if  Con- 
gress did  not  act  within  this  period,  it  should  then  become  effective, 
whereas  the  Philippine  Commission  was  left  free  to  enact  legislation 
relative  to  the  disposition  of  the  friar  lands,  it  being  expressly  stated 
that  they  should  become  a  part  of  the  public  property  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  in  point  of  fact  the  commission 
did  enact  a  law  covering  this  subject,  which  took  effect  some  three 
months  before  the  public  land  act  took  effect  in  the  Philippines. 


430  '  ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crump  ACKER.  How  long  after  the  public-land  act  was  made 
was  the  friar-land  act  made  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  refer  to  the  time  of  enactment  ? 

Mr  Crumpacker.  Yes,  sir;  the  time  of  enactment. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  public-land  act  was  enacted  on  October  7, 
1903;  but  it  did  not  take  effect  until  the  26th  of  July,  1904,  owing 
to  the  necessity  of  transmitting  it  to  the  United  States  and  awaiting 
the  action  of  the  President  and  Congress.  The  friar-land  act  was 
enacted  on  April  26,  1904,  and  took  effect  upon  its  passage. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  act,  for  the  purposes  or  administration, 
became  operative  from  and  after  its  passage  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  pubUc-land  act,  providing  for  the  admin- 
istration of  the  public  domain  proper,  did  not  become  operative  for 
administrative  purposes  until  after  it  had  been  submitted  to  and 
approved  by  the  President  and  referred  to  Congress,  and  until  the 
ensuing  session  of  Congress  had  adjourned  without  making  any 
change  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  correct. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  the  friar  land  act  was  the  purpose  of  the 
commission  expressed  in  the  preamble,  or  the  idea  of  the  commission 
respecting  the  operation  of  the  organic  act  on  friar  lands  and  public 
lands,  respectively,  expressed  in  the  preamble  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Will  you  read  what  the  preamble  says  on  that 
subject? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  public  lands  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words  are 
used  in  the  public-land  act,  No.  926,  and  can  not  be  acquired  or  leased  under  the  pro- 
visions thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide  proper  agencies  for  carrying  out  the  terms 
of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  requirements  of  said  act  of  Congress  with  refer- 
ence to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands  and  the  creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to 
secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued:  Now,  therefore,  etc. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  for  the  purposes  of  administration,  Mr. 
Worcester,  state  if  the  friar  lands  were  attempted  to  be  disposed  of  or 
administered  under  and  subject  to  the  limitations  contained  in  that 
section  of  the  organic  act  that  avowedly  referred  to  the  public  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  never.  We  did  not  consider  that  that 
section  had  anything  to  do  with  the  friar  land  administration  at  all 
or  imposed  any  limitations  upon  us  in  disposing  of  them. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  it  suggested  by  anybody  there  that  it  did  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  not  to  my  knowledge. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  the  friar-land  act  amended  later? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  By  act  No.  1847  of  the  Philippine  Legislature? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  amendment  was  made  by  the  legislature  as 
distinguished  from  the  commission  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  made  by  the  Philippine  Legislature,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  upon  whose  recommendation  was  the 
amendment  made  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  amendment  was  made  upon  the  recommenda- 
tion of  the  director  of  lands  and  upon  my  own  recommendation. 
As  the  act  was  originally  drafted — it  was  drafted  when  I  was  absent 
on  leave  in  the  United  States — and  as  it  was  passed  it  made  all  of  the 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  431 

provisions  of  chapter  2  of  the  public  land  act,  relative  to  the  sale 
of  public  lands,  appUcable  to  the  unoccupied  friar  lands  and  created 
an  absolutely  impossible  situation.  There  were  various  provisions 
there  which  could  not  be  compUed  with.  I  would  like  to  call  the 
attention  of  the  committee  to  the  nature  of  some  of  the  provisions 
thus  made  applicable  to  those  lands.  One  of  those  provisions  was 
that  land  should  be  surveyed  in  continuous  legal  subdivisions. 
This  was  manifestly  impracticable.  Wherever  the  unoccupied  land 
abutted  upon  occupied  land  the  divisions  would  necessarily  be  very 
irregular  and  unless  we  wished  to  leave  unsold  numerous  intervening 
tracts  of  land,  that  provision  could  not  be  carried  out.  It  provided 
for  the  advertising  in  the  papers  of  the  proposed  sale.  This  was  ob- 
viously necessary  in  connection  with  the  pubhc  lands,  but  it  would 
have  imposed  a  needless  burden  in  connection  with  the  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Why  was  that  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  So  far  at  least  as  owners  were  concerned,  it 
would  seem  to  be  a  needless  provision.  With  our  arrangement  we 
publish  bandillos  in  the  neighboring  towns.  A  bandillo  is  a  sort  of 
proclamation  by  a  town  crier.  Proclaiming  in  that  way,  we  get  to 
the  people  who  are  really  interested.  A  provision  for  the  publica- 
tion of  a  notice  in  a  Manila  paper  relative  to  a  proposed  sale  on  the 
San  Jose  friar  estate  in  Mindoro  would  absolutely  fail  of  its  purpose; 
the  people  concerned  would  never  see  such  a  paper. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  advertisement  provided  for  is  an  advertise- 
ment in  a  newspaper  in  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  or  in  the  vicinity  of  the  locality.  In 
most  of  those  places  there  are  no  such  papers. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  claim  with  reference  to  that  portion  of  the 
friar  land  which  was  occupied,  it  was  an  unnecessary  and  useless 
thing  to  do,  but  why  with  reference  to  the  unoccupied  lands  any  more 
than  the  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  would  depend  on  where  the  pubhc  lands 
might  be  situated.  If  the  public  lands  were  in  some  remote  out  of 
the  way  place,  the  necessity  would  be  the  same  in  both  cases.  The 
point  is  this,  that  this  advertisement  would  not  reach  the  people 
who  might  be  interested  as  the  advertisement  by  bandillo  would. 
That  has  to  be  published  in  the  neighboring  towns  and  villages 
which  abut  upon  the  lands  themselves. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  advertisement  by  bandillo  is  by  the  crier 
going  to  the  town  and  proclaiming  that  there  will  be  a  sale  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  he  reads  it  in  the  native  dialect. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  In  that  case  the  notice  is  brought  home  to  the 
natives  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  as  far  as  possible  to  those  interested. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  have  been  explaining  the  necessity  for  the 
amendment  to  the  friar-lands  act.  Was  that  amendment  proposed 
or  discussed  by  the  joint  legislative  committee  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  discussed  by  the  joint  committee  of  the 
legislature.  I  myself  called  the  attention  of  the  committee  to  the 
fact  that  such  an  act  would  be  submitted  and  to  its  purposes. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  members  of  the  assembly  were  pres- 
ent at  the  meeting  when  tliis  amendment  was  proposed  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  a  regular  meeting  of  the  committee,  and 
the  Filipino  members  were  usually  all  present.  I  can  not  say  as  to 
that  specific  meeting,  probably  five  or  six  of  them. 


432  ABMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumfackee.  Did  the  proposed  amendment  meet  with  any 
opposition  in  either  branch  of  the  legislature  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  None  whatever.  It  was  passed  unanimously 
by  both  houses,  and  afterwards  reenacted  in  a  subsequent  amenda- 
tory act  which  originated  in  the  lower  house  and  was  presented  to 
that  house  by  the  chairman  of  the  friar-lands  committee. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  was  No.  1933  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  act  originated  in  the  assembly? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  After  the  enactment  of  the  friar  lands  law, 
what  steps  were  taken  toward  the  surveying  of  the  various  estates  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  were  two  estates  for  which  no  boundary 
surveys  had  been  completed.  Under  the  agreement  with  the  friars 
we  had  the  right  to  make  boundary  surveys  in  order  to  check  up 
their  statement  as  to  the  areas  which  we  were  purchasing.  Sur- 
veys had  not  been  made  for  the  San  Jose  estate  or  for  the  Isabela 
estate,  and  it  was  obviously  necessary  to  make  them  at  once  to 
avoid  possible  mistakes  about  the  areas.  Then  we  proceeded  to 
take  up  the  other  estates  in  what  was  deemed  to  be  the  way  best 
calculated  to  promote  the  ends  of  the  Government  in  buying  them — 
namely,  to  get  the  lands  in  the  hands  of  owners  as  soon  as  possible, 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  surveyed  the  San  Jose  estate  first  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  we  surveyed  the  San  Jose  estate  first. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  was  a  boundary  survey  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  a  boundary  survey  with  the  addition  of  a 
few  topographical  lines  to  show  roughly  how  much  of  the  estate  might 
be  irrigated. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  expeditious  were  you  in  making  the 
boundary  surveys  and  parcel  surveys  of  the  various  estates  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  a  table  has  alread}^  been  included  in  the 
record  which  show^s  that. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  that  Capt.  Sleeper  prepare  such  a  table, 
similar  to  the  one  on  page  97  of  the  record. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  you  make  the  surveys  as  expeditiously  as 
you  could  ? 

Mr.  Worc^ester.  Yes,  sir;  at  the  outset  the  surveying  force  of  the 
Bureau  of  Lands  was  very  limited  and  it  was  diflicult  to  get  additional 
surveyors  in  the  Philippines.  The  first  measure  we  took  was  to  make 
leases  with  the  occupants  of  the  lands  so  as  to  get  them  to  recognize 
the  title  of  the  Government.  In  making  those  leases  we  accepted 
their  statements  as  to  the  area  of  their  holdings  and  as  to  the  value 
of  the  land,  in  order  to  expedite  the  transaction  just  as  much  as 
possible.  Later,  as  the  surveyors  progressed  and  we  had  definite 
information  as  to  areas,  these  temporary  leases  were  changed  for 
other  leases  which  embodied  the  exact  facts  and  as  rapidly  as  the 
surveys  could  be  completed  on  the  estates  and  the  valuation  could  be 
completed,  the  estates  were  offered  for  sale. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  There  could  be  no  sales  of  the  lands  until  there 
had  been  an  actual  survey? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  not  only  necessary  to  have  an  actual 
survev,  but  it  was  necessary  to  go  through  quite  an  elaborate  process 
in  order  to  determine  the  value  of  the  different  parcels  of  land. 


ADMINISTRATIO]t^   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  433 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  occupants  of  the  various  pubhc  lands,  in 
the  first  instance  could  only  procure  leases  from  the  Government  for 
their  possession. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  all,  but  the  leases  conferred  upon  them 
the  right  to  purchase. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  the  lease  fix  a  rental  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  lease  fixed  a  rental. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  if  it  provided  that  the  money  paid  for 
rents  should  be  applied  on  the  purchase  price  of  the  land. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  lease  did  not  so  state,  but  the  administrative 
regulations  of  the  bureau,  with  which  tenants  were  made  perfectly 
familiar,  did  provide  for  just  that  thing. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  all  cases  of  sale  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  like  to  inquire  if  we  can  have  a  copy  of  the 
regulations  put  in  the  record  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  I  will  submit  it  to  the  stenogranher  for 
insertion  at  this  point. 

(The  regulation  referred  to  by  Mr.  Worcester  follows:) 

6.  The  purchaser  of  each  parcel  of  land  to  be  charged  therefor  according  to  the 
classification  and  the  value  as  above  obtained,  less  the  rent  which  has  been  paid  by 
such  purchaser,  provided  that  the  rent  he  has  paid  pertains  to  the  parcel  of  land  he 
purchases.  This  is  necessary  on  account  of  the  fact  that  many  purchasers  will  have 
paid  rent  for  either  greater  or  less  areas  than  they  will  purchase.  Some  will  purchase 
without  having  paid  any  rent.  Others  will  have  paid  rent  not  in  accord  with  the 
classification  of  their  lands,  and  it  is  believed  that  it  is  the  only  way  that  equity  may 
be  obtained  in  the  sale  value  of  the  land.  (Report  of  Philippine  Commission  for  1906, 
p.  139,  pt.  2.) 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  all  cases  of  sale  to  tenants  state  if  the  pur- 
chaser was  given  credit  for  all  amounts  that  were  paid  under  the 
lease. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  In  each  case  all  that  had  been  paid 
by  way  of  rental  on  a  given  tract  of  land  was  applied  toward  the 
purchase  price. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  leases  of  friar  lands  are  there  in 
operation  now  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  also  shown  in  the  table  which  Capt. 
Sleeper  has  been  directed  to  prepare.  I  have  a  table  which  is  com- 
plete up  to  the  1st  of  July,  but  we  have  now  obtained  by  cable  from 
Manila  information  which  will  complete  it  up  to  the  1st  of  Decem- 
ber, and  that  is  included  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  reading  some  of  these  reports  I  obtained 
information  that  the  leases  and  sales  of  these  friar  lands  up  to  date 
amounted  to  36,261,  and  that  of  these  lessees  and  purchasers  35,876 
were  occupants  and  tenants  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  correct,  I  think,  up  to  July  1,  1910. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State,  Mr.  Worcester,  if  any  considerable  num- 
ber of  tracts  of  land  in  possession  of  tenants  exceed  16  hectares  in 
area. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  quite  a  large  number  of  such  tracts, 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  did  you  do  in  those  cases  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  rented  them  their  holdings  with  the  privi- 
lege of  purchasing  later. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Covering  the  entire  area  claimed  ? 


434  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPHSTE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Covering  the  entire  area  claimed  by  the  occupant 
in  each  case. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  about  the  number  of  instances 
where  a  tenant  occupied  more  than  16  hectares? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  shown  in  one  of  the  tables  which  has 
already  been  submitted.     Can  you  refer  me  to  the  table^  Mr.  Sleeper? 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  is  in  the  record  on  pages  194  and  following. 

Mr,  Worcester.  My  recollection  is  that  there  were  between  200 
and  300. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Worcester,  what  attempt  was  made  to  sell 
the  San  Jose  estate  by  you  or  the  director  of  lands  with  your  knowl- 
edge? 

'  Mr.  Worcester.  I,  myself,  was  very  much  disappointed  over  the 
purchase  of  the  San  Jose  estate  in  the  first  instance.  I  was  familiar 
with  conditions  in  Mindoro,  having  repeatedly  visited  the  island,  and 
I  knew  that  less  than  1  per  cent  of  the  land  was  actually  under  culti- 
vation; that  most  of  the  land  in  the  island  already  belonged  to  the 
insular  government,  and  it  seemed  to  me  like  a  bad  bargain. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  how  the  Government  came  to  pur- 
chase the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Because  it  had  to  do  it  to  complete  the  transac- 
tion, sir.  The  transaction  was  in  the  nature  of  a  bargain.  We  had 
no  right  to  compel  the  friars  to  sell.  We  did  not  get  all  we  wanted 
from  them  and  w^e  had  to  take  some  things  that  we  did  not  want,  and 
among  the  things  we  did  not  wish  for  were  these  vacant  estates,  but  in 
order  to  complete  the  transaction  it  was  necessary  that  those  estates 
should  be  included.     Believing  we  had  bought  what  was  really  a 

{^reat  tract  of  wild  land,  when  we  already  had  a  sufficiency  of  such 
and,  I  visited  the  estate  and  found  that  the  friars  had  shown  their 
usual  keenness  in  selecting  land.  It  was  a  valuable  piece  of  land,  and 
I  went  over  it  enough  to  gain  some  fairly  definite  knowledge  of  the 
conditions  there,  so  that  I  might  interest  people. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  very  shortly  after  the  transaction  was 
concluded.  I  can  not  give  you  the  exact  date  without  referring  back 
to  my  notes.     It  was  quite  soon  after  the  purchase. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  year? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  was  in  1904,  I  think,  or  possibly  the  latter 
part  of  1903.  Having  familiarized  myself  to  some  extent  with  the 
nature  of  the  land,  I  took  every  opportunity  that  presented  itself  to 
me  to  bring  to  the  attention  of  possible  purchasers  the  fact  that  there 
was  a  very  fine  tract  of  land  there  which  the  Government  was  pre- 
pared to  sell.  Whenever  a  man  appeared  who  inquired  about  the 
Eossibility  of  obtaining  agricultural  lands  in  large  quantities  I  called 
is  attention  to  this  estate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  stated  that  you  were  disappointed  with  the 
transaction.     You  mean  with  the  original  purchase  of  the  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  mean  that  I  regretted  the  necessity  of  including 
that  estate  in  the  original  purchase.  It  seemed  to  me  that  we 
already  had  land  enough  in  Mindoro. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  When  did  you  first  have  a  customer  for  this  land 
who  showed  any  disposition  to  buy  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Poole  and  Mr.  Prentiss. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  435 

Mr.  Douglas.  As  I  understand,  you  do  not  refer  to  the  sale  of  this 
property  to  Poole  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  But  you  regretted  the  purchase  of  the  land  under 
the  friar-land  arrangement  originally  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  was  disappointed  with  it  in  the  first  instance. 
I  regretted  it  because,  as  there  were  no  tenants  on  the  estate,  mani- 
festly it  would  be  very  difficult  to  dispose  of  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  When,  did  Messrs.  Poole  and  Prentiss  begin 
negotiations  for  the  purchase  of  the  land,  or  begin  inquiries  with  a 
view  to  the  prospective  purchase  of  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  first  went  to  the  office  of  the  director  of 
lands,  according  to  my  recollection  of  the  date,  on  the  12th  of  October, 
1909. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  you  know  either  of  those  gentlemen  before 
they  came  to  the  land  office  with  a  view  to  buying  land  in  the  islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  I  had  never  seen  either  of  them  until 
brought  to  my  own  office,  or  heard  of  them,  except  through  the 
director  of  lands,  who  said  that  they  had  visited  him. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  talk  did  you  have  with  these  gentlemen 
respecting  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate  or  any  other  friar  lands  in 
the  islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  had  informed  the  director  of  lands  that 
they  were  going  to  Mindoro  to  look  at  a  large  tract  of  privately  owned 
land  which  they  hoped  to  secure  for  a  sugar  estate.  Following  our 
usual  policy,  he  called  their  attention  to  the  San  Jose  estate  and  asked 
them  why  they  should  not  purchase  land  on  that,  as  we  believed  there 
were  in  that  estate  large  tracts  of  land  which  were  suitable  for  sugar 
growing.  They  told  him  that  their  attorney  in  Washington  had 
informed  them  that  that  land  could  not  be  purchased  in  large  tracts. 

Mr.  Jones.  Were  you  present  at  the  conversation  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  At  the  conversation  between  Capt.  Sleeper  and 
these  gentlemen?     No,  sir;  I  was  not  present. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  submit  that  Mr.  Worcester  had  better  not  tell  what 
took  place  in  a  conversation  at  which  he  was  not  present.  Capt. 
Sleeper  has  spoken  of  that. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  substance  of  the  conversation  had  been  com- 
municated to  him. 

Mr.  Jones.  He  is  undertaking  to  say  just  what  took  place. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Under  the  rules  of  law,  I  submit  that  a  conver- 
sation without  the  presence  of  the  witness  would  not  be  admissible. 

What,  if  anything,  was  said  about  the  transaction? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  was  merely  attempting  to  show  how  these  gen- 
tlemen came  to  my  oflice.  I  would  like  to  modify  my  statement. 
It  was  reported  to  me  by  the  director  of  lands  that  these  gentlemen 
had  visited  his  office  and  that  he  had  attempted  to  interest  them  in 
the  matter  and  that  they  had  said  they  understood  the  land  could  not 
be  purchased  in  large  tracts.  When  he  reported  this  fact  to  me  I 
requested  him  to  bring  them  to  my  office  in  order  that  I  might  explain 
to  them  the  law.  They  were  brought  over  in  accordance  with  my 
request. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  conversation  occurred  at  that  time 
between  you  and  Messrs.  Poole  and  Prentiss  ? 


436  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  showed  them  the  amendatory  act  and  told 
them  I  thought  that  if  their  attorney  had  received  such  a  reply  as 
they  represented  the  force  of  the  amendment  had  not  been  appre- 
ciated m  Washington — it  had  been  overlooked;  that  I  was  per- 
fectly satisfied  of  our  right  to  dispose  of  this  land^  and  that  we  were 
prepared  to  insure  them  a  good  title,  and  asked  them  if  under  those 
circumstances,  they  would  not  look  at  the  land  when  they  went  to 
Mindoro  and  see  if  it  would  not  suit  their  purposes  better  than  that 
they  had  in  contemplation. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  they  claim  in  this  conversation  that  the 
organic  law  prohibited  the  sale  of  unoccupied  friar  lands  to  indi- 
viduals in  larger  tracts  than  16  hectares  or  was  that  position  based 
upon  the  original  friar  land  act  passed  by  the  Philippine  Commission. 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  did  not  go  into  the  legal  questions.  So  far  as 
what  had  influenced  the  views  of  their  attorney  was  considered, 
they  simply  said  that  their  attorney  had  been  given  to  understand 
in  Washington  that  it  could  not  be  done.  After  I  told  them  that  I 
was  perfectly  certain  that  it  could  be  properly  and  lawfully  done,  they 
said  that  in  any  event  they  would  wish  to  consult  with  their  attorney 
as  to  the  law. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  said  that  you  told  them  that  they  did  not  under- 
stand the  nature  of  the  amendment.  What  amendment  did  you 
refer  to  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  referred  to  the  amendment  to  the  friar  land  act 
which  omitted  the  provision  originally  included  in  that  act  to  the 
effect  that  the  unoccupied  lands  should  be  sold  subject  to  the  pro- 
visions of  chapter  2  of  the  public  land  act. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  said  that  Messrs.  Poole  and  Prentiss  said  that 
they  were  going  to  Mindoro  to  investigate  some  privately  owned 
land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  was  the  privatelj^  owned  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  friars  when  they  removed  their  cattle  from 
the  San  Jose  estate  took  them  to  a  tract  which  one  of  them  informed 
me  contained  some  6,000  hectares — that  is,  15,000  acres — to  the  south 
and  slightly  to  the  east  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  was  not  connected 
with  it.  I  understood  that  that  was  the  tract  of  land.  The  friars 
were  renting  that  land  from  private  individuals. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Who  owns  that  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  doubted  whether  anyone  owned  any  such 
stretch,  and  I  requested  the  director  of  lands  to  investigate  that 
question,  fearing  some  one  was  trying  to  dispose  of  land  which 
was  really  public  land  under  the  pretense  of  private  ownership, 
and  the  result  of  that  investiation  showed  that  there  were  several 
extensive  tracts  of  land  to  which  title  had  been  legitimately  acquired, 
but  no  such  single  tract. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  owned  by  whom? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Filipinos.     I  do  not  remember  the  names. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  thought  the  land  immediately  south  and  east  was 
government  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  land  I  speak  of  does  not  adjoin  the  San  Jose 
estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  far  is  it  from  the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  tell  offhand.  We  go  by  sea,  passing 
from  one  place  to  the  other,  although  it  is  possible  to  go  on  land. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  437 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  that  in  the  direction  of  Mangarin  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  beyond  Mangarin;  it  is  almost  directly  east 
of  Mangarin. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Wliy  could  the  friars  pasture  their  cattle  cheaper 
there  than  on  the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  must  have  had  a  very  low  rental. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  is  the  rental  on  the  San  Jose  estate  fixed  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  charge  them  so  much  a  head,  30  centavos 
per  head  per  year. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  what  they  paid  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  They  told  me  what  their  rental  was, 
but  I  can  not  remember  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  the  names  of  the  Filipinos  who  owned 
the  land  there,  the  large  tract  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  Poole  or  Prentiss  say  for  whom  they  were 
negotiating  in  this  first  talk  with  you  about  the  purchase  of  the  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  I  understood  that  they  had  means  of 
their  own.  I  suggested  to  them  that  they  take  land  on  this  estate. 
I  did  not  know  myself  how  much  of  it  would  be  considered  suitable 
for  sugar  growing.  I  told  them  to  go  and  look  at  it  and  see  for  them- 
selves what  we  had  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  They  said  that  they  desired  lands  for  sugar  pur- 
poses ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  desired  to  establish  a  sugar  estate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  that  conversation  was  anything  said  about 
selling  land  to  a  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  They  were  informed  that  corpora- 
tions if  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  could  not  purchase  more 
than  1,024  hectares  of  land;  could  not  own  or  control  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  any  inquiry  made  of  either  of  them  as  to 
whether  he  represented  a  corporation  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  I  told  them  what  the  law  was  with 
respect  to  corporations  and  did  not  consider  it  necessary  to  make 
any  inquiry  as  to  whether  they  proposed  to  break  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  the  map  of  Mindoro  that  you  had  the 
other  day  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  mean  the  large  map  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  one  with  the  character  of  land  marked  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.     I  think  Mr.  Houtz  has  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  subsequent  conversation  did  you  have 
with  these  men  relating  to  the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  remember  that  I  had  any  further 
conversation  with  them  prior  to  the  purchase.  Their  subsequent 
dealings  were  with  the  director  of  lands.. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  you  consult  the  authorities  here  in  Wash- 
ington in  relation  to  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate  to  those  men? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  did  not  consult  them,  sir,  until  I  was  requested 
by  cable  to  suspend  action  and  report  to  the  Secretary  what  had 
been  done. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  your  first  conversation  with  Poole  and  Pren- 
tiss did  they  say  anything  about  purchasing  the  land  for  themselves, 
or  did  they  say  whether  they  were  buying  for  themselves  or  acting 
as  agents  for  somebody  else  ? 


438  ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  did  not. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  any  inquiry  made? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  made  no  inquiry,  sir.  I  took  it  for  granted  that 
they  were  men  with  capital,  who  had  the  price  to  pay  for  the  land 
which  they  desired  to  get. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  When  was  this  sale  consummated;  that  is, 
when  was  the  contract  made  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  contract  was  really  consummated  when  I 
affixed  my  signature  approving  the  sale  certificate.  That  was  on 
the  5th  or  6th  of  December. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What,  if  anything,  did  you  know  about  the 
purchaser,  as  to  w^hether  he  was  buying  for  himself  or  for  somebody 
else? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  knew  nothing  further  than  I  had  known  at  the 
outset.  The  sale  certificate  provided  that  the  transfer  should  be 
made  to  Mr.  Poole  or  his  nominees,  and  I  understood  he  would  attempt 
to  finance  the  transaction,  either  swinging  it  himself  or  disposing  of 

Earts  of  the  estate  to  others  in  the  event  that  he  could  not  swing  it 
imself. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  When  did  Mr.  Poole  begin  work  on  the  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  no  immediate  personal  knowledge  as  to 
when  he  began  work  on  the  estate.  My  information  is  derived  from 
the  testimony  of  others. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  you  know  at  the  time  that  he  began  opera- 
tions on  the  estate  immediately  after  the  certificate  was  signed  by 
Mr.  Sleeper? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  knew  of  the  time  when  he  began  operations  on 
the  estate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  was  some  time  before  you  approved  the 
certificate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  it  was;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  caused  the  delay  in  your  signing  the 
certificate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  cablegram  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  To  what  effect  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  beg  your  pardon,  the  cablegram  was  from  the 
Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  under  date  of  November  23, 
1909,  stating  that  the  Secretary  of  War  desired  to  have  information 
by  cable  with  reference  to  the  proposed  sale  of  this  estate  and  that 
the  sale  should  not  be  consummated  until  he  had  considered  the 
question. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Had  you  given  any  information  to  the  War 
Department  here  relating  to  proposed  sale  before  that  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  had  not,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  May  I  call  your  attention  to  page  42,  where  you 
seem  to  have  written  on  October  21  to  Gen.  Edwards  on  the  subject? 
I  understood  the  question  to  be  whether  you  had  made  any  represen- 
tation to  the  War  Department  in  regard  to  this  matter  before  you 
received  the  cablegram  of  November  23,  which  was  addressed  to  the 
Governor  General. 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  did  not  understand  that  was  the  ques- 
tion. We  had  made  representations  to  the  department.  The  record 
will  show. 


ADMINISTKATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  439 

(The  stenographer  read  as  follows:) 

Mr,  Crumpacker.  What  caused  the  delay  in  your  signing  the  certificate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  cablegram  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  To  what  effect? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  beg  your  pardon,  sir;  a  cablegram  from  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau 
of  Insular  Affairs,  under  date  of  November  23,  1909,  stating  that  the  Secretary  of 
War  desired  to  have  information  by  cable  with  reference  to  the  proposed  sale  of  this 
estate  and  that  the  sale  should  not  be  consummated  until  he  had  considered  the 
question. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Had  you  given  any  information  to  the  War  Department  here 
relating  to  the  proposed  sale  before  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  had  not,  sir. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  would  like  to  modify  that  answer.  On  October 
21,  1909,  I  had  addressed  a  letter  to  Gen.  Edwards  informing  him 
that  two  gentlemen  were  contemplating  the  purchase  of  considerable 
tracts  of  the  San  Jose  estate ;  that  they  said  they  had  been  informed 
in  Washington  at  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  that  the  sale  of  friar 
lands  was  subject  to  the  same  limitations  as  that  of  public  land. 
I  called  Gen.  Edwards^ s  attention  to  the  amendatory  act  which  had 
been  passed  with  a  view  to  doing  away  with  that  difficulty  with 
reference  to  the  unoccupied  lands.  Further,  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
the  question  had  been  raised  relative  to  the  legality  of  the  proposed 
transaction,  the  Governor  General  sent  a  cablegram  to  the  Secretary 
of  War,  which,  of  course,  arrived  more  promptly  than  my  letter  could. 
My  letter  discussed  the  same  matter  more  in  detail  than  it  was  pos- 
sible to  discuss  it  by  wire. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  Mr.  Worcester,  the  sale  was  finally  con- 
summated on  the  4th  of  January,  1910 — the  sale  was  concluded? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  would  have  been  the  prospect  of  selling 
that  estate  under  the  conditions  and  limitations  contained  in  section 
15  of  the  organic  act  for  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  So  far  as  we  can  see  at  present,  sir,  the  sale 
would  have  been  delayed  indefinitely.  There  were  no  occupants  at 
all  on  the  estate  to  be  considered.  The  population  of  Mindoro  is 
only  7  to  the  square  mile  and  a  not  inconsiderable  proportion  are 
wild  people  with  no  fixed  abode.  The  estate  had  in  its  immediate 
vicinity  large  tracts  of  unoccupied,  unclaimed  agricultural  public 
lands  which  could  be  purchased  at  a  price  lower  than  that  of  the 
friar  lands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  estate  or  the  Province  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  Province.  In  the  vicinity  of  the  estate  there 
were  very  large  tracts  of  land,  and  the  only  possible  object  that  anyone 
could  have,  so  far  as  we  could  see,  in  purchasing  this  land  rather  than 
in  purchasing  neighboring  public  land,  lay  in  the  fact  that  they  could 
buy  it  in  large  tracts. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  was  the  price  fixed  by  your  department 
on  the  sale  of  public  lands  to  homesteaders  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  has  been  our  constant  practice  to  fix  the 
lowest  lawful  price  on  lands  both  in  sales  and  in  leases. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  minimum  price  of  land  in  the 
Island  of  Mindoro,  public  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  minimum  price  of  public  land,  whether  in 
the  Island  of  Mindoro  or  elsewhere,  is  1P10  per  hectare,  which  is 
practically  $2  gold  per  acre. 


440  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  the  selling  price  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  these  lands  were  sold  for  how  much  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  At  1P32  per  hectare,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  do  you  know  about  the  sale  to  the  Min- 
doro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  Mindoro  Development  Co.  was  Mr.  Poole's 
nominee  for  a  200-hectare  tract  of  land,  and  that  was  deeded  to  the 
company  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  sale  certificate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  At  whose  suggestion  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  At  Mr.  Poole's  suggestion. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Were  there  any  negotiations  connected  with 
the  transaction  or  did  Mr.  Poole  simply  nominate  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  to  be  the  grantee  of  this  200-hectare  tract  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  was  the  transaction  so  far  as  its  legal 
aspect  is  concerned.  Upon  hearing  of  the  existence  of  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.,  I  took  the  first  opportunity  to  interrogate  Mr. 
Poole  as  to  the  relationship  between  that  company  and  himself,  and 
he  told  me  the  company  was  not  interested  in  the  production  of 
sugar  and  was  not  going  to  engage  in  the  production  of  sugar,  by 
which  I  mean  the  growing  of  sugar,  but  that  the  company  would 
erect  a  large  mill  somewhere  on  the  estate  at  such  site  as  might  prove 
best  after  careful  investigation,  and  would  mill  sugar  for  people 
who  grew  it  on  the  estate  and  for  others  if  they  desired  to  raise  the 
sugar  cane  and  send  it  to  the  mill. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  he  say  anything  about  his  relations  with 
that  company  ? 

Mr.  AYoRCESTER.  I  understand  that  he  was  the  manager  on  the 
ground  for  the  company. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  This  company  was  the  only  other  person  or 
entity  that  he  named  to  take  any  portion  of  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  so  far  as  I  know. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  he  say  anything  to  you  about  Horace  Have- 
meyer,  Charles  H.  Senff ,  and  Charles  J.  Welch  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  remember  that  Mr.  Poole  ever  men- 
tioned the  names  of  those  gentlemen  to  me.  But  I  asked  some  one, 
probably  the  director  of  lands,  if  he  knew  whether  Mr.  Poole  had 
succeeded  in  interesting  anyone  else,  and  my  recollection  is  that  he 
said  to  me  that  he  understood  that  Mr.  Welch  was  interested.  I  do 
not  remember  to  have  heard  the  name  of  Mr.  Havemeyer  or  that  of 
Mr.  Senff  mentioned  in  connection  with  the  matter,  except  as  I  think 
it  was  stated  in  the  newspapers  out  there  that  Mr.  Havemeyer  was 
interested. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  anything  said  in  any  of  these  conversations 
about  the  American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  being  interested  in  that 
purchase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  The  only  corporation  which,  so  far  as 
I  know,  has  ever  demonstrated  any  interest  in  sugar  matters  in  the 
Philippines  is  the  Beet  Sugar  Growers'  Association.  I  do  not  know 
that  that  is  a  corporation. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  the  country  adapted  to  beet-sugar  production? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  Their  purpose  has  been  to  throttle  the 
sugar  industry  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  One  of  the  representatives 
of  the  beet-sugar  interests  came  to  my  office  at  one  time  in  Manila 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  441 

and  said  to  me  that  he  desired  to  purchase  sugar  lands  and  intimated 
very  adroitly,  although  he  did  not  so  state,  that  he  represented  cor- 
porate interests,  and  I  told  him  what  the  law  was  with  reference  to 
acquiring  agricultural  lands  in  large  tracts  by  corporations. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  regard  to  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  law  is  the  same  so  far  as  concerns  the  right 
of  corporations  to  acquire  lands.  The  law  is  that  corporations 
authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  must  by  their  charter  be  limited 
to  the  ownership  and  control  of  1,024  hectares.  There  is  no  law 
which  prohibits  us  from  selling  friar  lands  in  excess  of  that  amount 
to  corporations,  but  there  is  law  which  prohibits  them  from  owning 
or  controlling  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  you  say  anything  about  frair  lands  which  indi- 
viduals could  hold  ? 

Mr.  Worcester."  Yes,  sir;  I  told  him  there  was  no  limit  on  that. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  was  that  conversation? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  tell  you  exactly. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Who  was  it  with? 

Mr.  Worcester.  With  Mr.  Poole. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  mean  the  beet-sugar  man. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Perhaps  I  have  misunderstood,  Mr.  Parsons. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  was  referring  to  the  beet-sugar  man. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  misunderstood  your  question  entirely. 

Mr.  Douglas.  When  and  with  whom  did  that  conversation  take 
place  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  shall  be  able  to  give  you  the  date,  I  think.  It 
was  prior  to  the  time  of  Mr.  Taft's  visit  to  the  Philippines  with  the 
delegation  of  gentlemen  from  Congress.  I  think  Mr.  Parsons  will 
remember. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  August,  1905. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Who  was  this  man? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Hathaway. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Where  is  his  home? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  Michigan,  I  think. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 
had  complied  with  the  Philippine  law  in  relation  to  its  right  as  a 
corporation  to  do  business  in  the  islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  had,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Had  you  examined  its  charter  before  the  con- 
veyance was  made  to  the  company? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  had  not.  Under  our  law  a  corpora- 
tion of  that  sort  submits  its  charter  to  the  division  of  archives, 
patents,  copyrights,  and  trade-marks  of  the  executive  bureau  and 
must  obtain  a  certificate  authorizing  it  to  do  business,  and  an  investi- 
gation with  reference  to  its  right  to  do  business  is  made  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  full  payment  was  made  for  4,200 
hectares  of  land  on  the  San  Jose  estate,  I  beheve,  prior  to  January  4, 
1910?  ' 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  I  tliink  so. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  conveyance  was  made  of  200  hectares  of  the 
tract  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  conveyance  to  the  Mindoro  Development  Co. 
was  signed  by  me  just  prior  to  my  departure  from  Manila  on  the 
7th  of  November. 

82278°  -PL  Kept.  2289,  61-3 32 


442  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  4,000  hectares  for  which  the  purchase  price 
was  fully  paid  have  not  been  conveyed  to  anyone  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Has  any  request  been  made  for  the  conveyance  of  the 
4,000  hectares  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  not. 

Mr.  Crxjmpacker.  In  connection  with  this  transaction  an  opinion 
was  obtained  from  the  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Government 
respecting  the  right  to  sell  unoccupied  friar  lancis  in  quantities  in 
excess  of  16  hectares? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  a  legal  question 
had  been  raised  the  director  of  lands  thought  that  we  should  have 
the  opinion  of  our  law  officer  whose  business  it  was  to  furnish  opinions 
on  these  subjects,  and  we  requested  it  and  that  was  the  opinion  which 
governed  our  action. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  law  clerk  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands 
gave  an  opinion  also? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  gave  an  opinion  prior  to  the  opinion  rendered 
by  the  attorney  general. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Worcester,  what  has  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  done  toward  improving  the  tract  that  it  purchased? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  that  the  Mindoro  Development 
Co.  is  building  and  owns  a  railway  which  extends  from  the  site  of  the 
proposed  sugar  mill  to  the  water  to  the  sea.  At  the  time  I  was  last 
on  the  estate  there  were  some  6  miles  of  the  roadbed  graded  and  the 
pier  had  been  partially  completed.  The  frame  work  was  up,  but  the 
planks  were  not  laid  on  the  pier.  I  have  heard,  but  I  have  no  per- 
sonal knowledge  of  the  matter,  that  some  12  miles  of  the  railway  have 
been  completed  now. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  railroad  runs  off  the  San  Jose  estate  and 
through  other  lands  for  several  miles  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  About  how  many  miles  does  it  run  through 
other  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  say  about  4  miles. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  any  steps  been  taken  toward  the  con- 
struction of  a  sugar  mill  by  that  company  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  that  the  mill  has  not  been  received 
in  the  Philippine  Islands  as  yet,  but  that  it  has  been  ordered. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  may  state  if  the  proposition  of  Mr.  Poole 
to  purchase  this  land  is  the  first  and  only  one  that  the  Government 
has  had  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  the  only  proposition  we  have  ever  had. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  there  been  any  opportunity  to  sell  any  of 
this  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  never  had  another  opportunity  to  sell  a 
square  foot  of  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  There  has  been  no  application  on  the  part  of 
Filipinos  to  buy  small  tracts  even  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  where  is  the  Isabela  estate  located  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  the  province  of  the  same  name,  in  the  central 
portion  of  northern  Luzon. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


443 


Mr.  Parsons.  Has  there  been  any  census  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
since  the  census  of  1902  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Are  these  the  most  accurate  figures  you  have  in 
regard  to  population  and  agricultural  statistics? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  the  most  accurate  information  we  have  in 
regard  to  the  population  of  certain  areas.  We  know  a  great  deal 
more  to-day  than  we  did  when  the  census  was  taken  as  to  the  wild 
population. 

Mr.  Parsons.  About  the  island  of  Mindoro  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  gained  no  material  knowledge  since 
the  census  was  taken  as  to  conditions  there. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  like  to  ask  the  privilege  to  insert  at  this 
point  extracts  from  the  volumes  of  the  Philippine  census,  gi^ii^g  the 
statistics  in  regard  to  Mindoro.  I  will  not  take  up  the  time  of  the 
committee  now,  but  I  will  indicate  them  to  the  stenographer  later. 

(The  statistics  referred  to  by  Mr.  Parsons  follow:) 


STATISTICS   IN    REGARD    TO    THE    ISLAND    OF   MINDORO. 

(From  the  Census  of  the  Philippine  Islands  taken  in  the  year  1903,  Vol.  II,  p.  30.) 

Area  in  square  miles 3,  851 

Total  population 28,  361 

Density 7 

(From  p.  266  of  same  volume.) 
Civilized  population: 

From  Philippine  Islands  (of  which  10,773  male,  10,229  female) 21,002 

From  China  (of  which  45  male,  2  female) 47 

From  United  States  (of  which  28  male,  4  female) 32 

(From  p.  407  of  same  volume.) 

Population  according  to  color  and  tribe : 


Color  and  tribe.. 

Total  pop- 
ulation. 

Civilized. 
21,097 

Wild. 

28,301 

7,264 

Brown                                                                

28, 228 

13 

630 

7,2GG 

37 

2 

18,185 

2,088 

7 

36 

46 

50 

1 

1 

20, 964 

13 

6.30 

2 

37 

2 

18,185 

2,088 

7 

36 

46 

50 

1 

1 

7  2()4 

Bicol     

Ilocano 

Mangyan         

7,-(,)4 

Pampangan 

Pangasinan         .   .      .           

Tagalog 

Visayan                                           

Zambalan 

Mixed 

Yellow                   

White 

Black                                           

Foreign  born 

(From  p.  867  of  same  volume.) 

Civilized  population  according  to  occupation:  Agricultural  pursuits:  Male,  4,275; 
female,  61.  Professional  service:  Male,  108;  female,  8.  Domestic  and  personal  ser- 
vice: Male,  979;  female,  522.  Trade  and  transportation:  Male,  585;  female,  164. 
Manufacturing  and  mechanical  pursuits:  Male,  630;  female,  2,896.  Not  gainful  or 
unknown:  Male,  4,285;  female,  6,584. 


444 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


(From  p.  1025  of  same  volume:; 

Civilized  population  engaged  in  tne  principal  gainful  occupations,  classified  by  eex 
and  color: 


■ 

Total. 

Brown. 

Mixed. 

Yellow. 

White. 

Black. 

Male. 

Female. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Male. 
44 

Fe- 
male. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

Male. 

Fe- 
male. 

All  occupations 

10, 228 

6, 488 

3,642 

2 

8 

42 

1 

1 

Agents 

87 
109 
368 
122 

4,248 
312 
67 
80 
515 
317 
378 
199 
73 
668 
149 
2,158 
378 

59 
104 
365 

70 

4,186 
294 
61 
80 
418 
4 
205 
195 
73 

27 

1 
1 

Carpenters 





4 
3 

Constabulary  and  police. 

Cooks 

40 

60 

18 

12 
1 



Farmers  and  farm  labor- 
ers   

1 

Fishermen 

Government  officials 

« 

Herdsmen 

Laborers  (not  specified) . . 

96 
312 
135 

i 

Launderers 

1 

Merchants 

""i" 

2 

25 

11 
3 

Sailors 

Sawyers 

! 

Seamstresses 

663 

62 

2,152 

77 

4 

1 

Servants 

86 

4 

284 

1 

Weavers  and  spinners . . . 

2 

All  other  occupations 

2 

15 

(From  p.  182  of  Vol.  IV  of  the  Census  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  taken  in  the  year 
1903:) 

Total  area,  hectares 997, 409 

(Of  which  agricultural) 39, 138 

Percentage  agricultural per  cent. .  3.  9 

(From  p.  184  of  same  volume:) 

Farms 1,  660 

Average  size  in  ares \ 2,  357.  7 

Cultivated per  cent..  8.  2 

Forest do 29.  6 

All  others do 62.2 

(From  p.  267  of  same  volume:) 

Area  and  average  size  of  farms  and  other  parcels  of  land  used  for  agriculture,  classi- 
fied by  tenure: 


Number  of  hectares  in  farms,  etc. 

Average  size  of  farms, 
etc.,  in  ares. 

Total. 

Cultivated. 

Per  cent 
cultivated. 

All  land. 

Cultivated 
land. 

39, 138 

3,213 

8.2 

2,357.7 

193. 6 

Owners 

34,848 

506 

3,533 

2,238 

6.4 

2, 499.  9 

16, 866. 7 

1, 459. 9 

160.5 

Cash  tenants 

Share  tenants. . . . 

945 

26.7 

390.5 

Labor  tenants .  . . 

No  rental... 

251                    ."^O 

12.0 

1, 195.  2 

142.9 

ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


445 


(From  p.  295  of  same  volume:) 

Number  of  farms  and  other  parcels  of  land  used  for  agriculture,  classified  by  size, 
and  color  of  occupant: 


Total 

number 

of  farms, 

etc. 

Number  of  farms,  etc.,  classified  by  size  in  hectares. 

Under 
0.35. 

0.35 
and  un- 
der 1. 

1  and 
under 

2. 

2  and 

under 

5. 

5  and 

under 

10. 

10  and 

under 

15. 

15  and 

under 

30. 

30 
and 
un- 
der 
50. 

33 

50 
and 
un- 
der 
100. 

100 
and 
over. 

1,660 

146 

194 

348 

430 

263 

110 

94 

21 

21 

White 

2 

1 

1,656 

2 

Mixed 

j 

1 
20 

Brown 

146 

194 

348 

430  1      262 

110 

94 

33 

19 

Yellow 

Unknown •. .. 

1 

1 

(From  p.  313  of  same  volume:) 

Number  of  farms  and  other  parcels  of  land  used  for  agriculture,  classified  by  area 
of  cultivated  land,  tenure,  and  color  of  occupant: 


Island   and   area 
of    cultivated 
land  in  farms  in 
hectares. 

Total 
number 

of 

farms, 

etc. 

Number  of  farms,  etc.,  classified  by 
tenure. 

Number  of  farms  classified  by  color 
of  occupant. 

Own- 
ers. 

Cash 
ten- 
ants. 

Share 
ten- 
ants. 

Labor 
ten- 
ants. 

No 

rental. 

White. 

Mixed. 

Brown. 

Yel- 
low. 

Un- 
known. 

Mindoro 

1,660 

1,394 

3 

242 

21 

2 

1 

1,656 

1 

Under  0.35 

439 
397 
482 
131 
91 
72 
16 
25 
3 
4 

383 
362 
422 
96 
67 
38 
10 
12 
1 
3 

3 





....... 

49 
30 
53 
34 
22 
32 
6 
13 
2 
1 

4 
5 
7 
1 
2 
2 

2 

1 

436 
397 
482 
130 
91 

16 
25 
3 
4 

0.35  and  under  1 . . 

1  and  under  2 



2  and  under  3 

1 

Sand  under  5 

5  and  under  10 

10  and  under  15... 

15  and  under  30. . . 



30  and  under  50. . . 

50  and  over 

(From  p.  324  of  same  volume.) 

Area  and  average  size  of  farms  and  other  parcels  of  land  used  for  agriculture,  classified 
by  cultivated  area: 


Island  and  area  of  cultivated  land  in  farms 
in  hectares. 

Number  of  hectares  in  farms,  etc. 

.Vverage  size  of  farms, 
etc.,  in  acres. 

Total. 

("ultivaled. 
3,213 

I'er  cent 
culti- 
vated. 

8.2 

All  land. 

Cultivated 
land. 

Mindoro 

39, 138 

2, 357.  7 

193.6 

Under  0  35                                        

20, 149 
954 

2,330 

1,046 
927 

1,184 
509 

2,080 
248 
711 

43 
228 
635 
286 
325 
449 
189 
507 
111 
440 

.1 
23.9 
27.3 
27.3 
35.1 
37.9 
37.1 
24.3 
44.8 
61.9 

6,639.9 

240.3 

483.4 

798.5 

1,018.7 

1,644.4 

3,181.2 

8,320.0 

8,266.7 

17, 775. 0 

9  8 

0.35  and  under  1 

57.4 

1  and  under  2 

131.7 

2  and  under  3     ■        .          .             

218  3 

3  and  under  5 

357.1 

5  and  under  10 

623  6 

10  and  under  15 

1,181.2 

15  and  under  30 

2,024.0 
3, 700. 0 
11,000.0 

30  and  under  50          .                            .... 

50  and  over 

446  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

(From  p.  325  and  following  of  same  volume.) 

Acreage  and  production  of  crops,  1902:  Cocoa,  22  hectares,  1,342  liters;  hemp,  693 

hectares,  162,727  kilograms;  cocoanuts,  550  hectares,  2,479  hundreds,  720  tuba  in 
liters;  corn,  38  hectares,  428  hectoliters;  paddy  (unhuUed  rice),  1,575  hectares, 
15,279  hectoliters;  sugar  cane,  10  hectares,  21,809  sugar  in  kilograms.  Molasses  in 
hectoliters,  23. 

(From  p.  384  and  following  of  the  same  volume.) 

Number  and  value  of  animals  on  farms  and  not  on  farms,  and  the  number  which  died 
and  were  slaughtered  during  1902: 

Neat  cattle: 

Number 11,  581 

Value,  pesos '. 390,  821 

Died 7,276 

Slaughtered 924 

Carabao  bulls: 

Number 542 

Value,  pesos 31,  722 

Died 529 

Slaughtered 69 

Carabao  steers: 

Number 682 

Value,  pesos 52,  056 

Died 610 

Slaughtered 80 

Carabao  cows: 

Number 1,  490 

Value,  pesos 74,  643 

Died 963 

Slaughtered 129 

Carabao  calves : 

Number 804 

Value,  pesos 15,  959 

Died 588 

Slaughtered 96 

Other  neat  cattle : 

Number 8,  063 

Value,  pesos 216,  441 

Died 4,  586 

Slaughtered 550 

Horses : 

Number 896 

Value,  pesos 27,084 

Died 115 

Slaughtered 173 

(All  of  which  were  native.) 

Sheep:  None. 

Goats : 

Number 182 

Value,  pesos 351 

Died 96 

Slaughtered 87 

Swine: 

Number 1,  323 

Value,  pesos 7, 189 

Died... 282 

Slaughtered 357 

Chickens : 

Number 7,  218 

Value,  pesos 3,  585 

Died I 3,818 

Slaughtered 2,  504 

Turkeys:  None. 

Ducks: 

Number 49 

Value,  pesos 54 

Died 18 

Slaughtered 4 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  447 

Geese: 

Number 21 

Value,  pesos 42 

Died 27 

Slaughtered 5 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  would  like  also  to  have  filed  with  the  committee 
this  forest  map  of  the  island  of  Mindoro  and  adjacent  islands.  That 
was  prepared  by  the  forestry  bureau  of  the  Philippines  Islands,  as  I 
understand. 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  prepared  by  the  forestry  bureau  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  prior  to  the  time  when  this  matter  came  up,  and 
shows  the  general  condition  of  all  the  lands  on  the  island  of  Mindoro, 
including  the  land  under  cultivation. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  much  of  Mindoro  have  you  visited  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  spent  six  and  one-half  months  at  different 
times  during  the  Spanish  regime  traveling  through  Mindoro. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  was  before  our  occupation  of  the  islands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  I  went  in  from  the  east  coast  to  the 
mountain  range  in  the  center  of  the  island,  and  then  went  north 
until  I  reached  the  headwaters  of  the  Bako  River  and  came  out. 
I  had  been  for  some  distance  back  of  the  San  Jose  estate  up  the 
Lumintao  River,  and  looked  at  the  public  lands  there,  and  I  have 
visited  every  town  and  nearly  every  barrio  on  the  coast  of  Mindoro 
with  the  exception  of  Abra  de  Hog,  where  I  have  been  prevented 
from  going  by  bad  weather. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  towns  are  there  in  the  vicinity  of  the  San 
Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mangarin  on  the  south  has  been  made  a  town- 
ship now,  I  believe. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  population  has  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  a  little  hamlet  of  possibly  15  or  20  very 
small  houses.  Magaran,  which  appears  on  some  of  the  maps,  no 
longer  exists.  That  was  a  little  settlement  where  the  shepherds  of 
the  friars  lived  when  they  had  their  cattle  there.  The  next  town 
north  is  Iriran,  which  is  at  the  present  time  a  bario  of  the  township 
of  Sablayan.  By  a  bario  I  mean  a  dependency,  a  ward,  if  you  please. 
Our  township  is  really  like  a  county  here,  and  little  villages  which 
are  scattered  through  it  we  call  barios. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  far  is  the  town  of  which  it  is  a  bario  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  long  distance  up  the  coast. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Way  up  to  Sablayan  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  in  tlie  interior? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  the  way  of  people  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Absolutely  nothing  but  the  wikl  people. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  the  island  of  Ilin  populated  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  has  a  very  small  settlement  of  Christian  natives 
on  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  About  how  many  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  was  never  there  but  once.  I  really  could  not 
say.  It  is  a  very  small  settlement,  probably  30  houses,  and  we  usu- 
ally estimate  about  five  to  a  house  roughly. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  size  of  the  island  of  lUn  ? 


448  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  a  very  small  island,  almost  entirely  covered 
by  forest. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  2  or  3  or  4  or  20  miles  long  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  about  20  kilometers  long,  about  15  miles  long, 
perhaps  a  little  less. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  will  the  labor  come  from  that  is  to  work  on 
the  plantation  and  in  the  mill  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Poole  has  great  difficulty  in  getting  labor.  I 
think  that  most  of  his  laborers  are  being  brought  from  the  vicinity  of 
Cebu.  He  gets  some  from  the  isfand  of  Mindoro  and  some  have  been 
shipped  to  him  from  Manila. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  necessary  in  order  to  take  labor  to  a  place 
like  that  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  usually  necessary  to  make  them  an  advance 
of  money  so  that  they  may  leave  funds  with  their  family,  to  pro- 
vide transportation  for  them,  and  in  point  of  fact  they  are  provided 
with  houses  on  their  arrival  there.  They  also  have  good  medical 
attention,  if  they  need  it,  and  there  is  a  little  hospital  on  the  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  There  is  already  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  the  families  go  with  them  or  do  they  go  as 
individuals  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  the  effort  is  made  to  have  the  families 
go  with  them.  They  are  more  likely  in  most  instances  not  to  care  to 
take  their  families  until  they  themselves  have  observed  the  conditions 
and  are  satisfied  that  they  are  going  to  settle,  but  Mr.  Poole  has 
ofl^ered  to  find  work  suitable  for  the  women  and  children  if  the  women 
and  children  desire  to  come  and  settle  on  the  estate  and  desire  to 
work. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Supposing  the  development  there  should  induce 
Filipinos  to  want  to  take  up  lands  for  themselves,  where  could  they 
get  lands  ?  • 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  a  very  extensive  stretch  of  extremely 
rich  agricultural  land  on  the  Lumintao  River  which  flows  through  this 
estate,  and  the  land  immediately  to  the  north,  along  the  seacoast,  is 
also  very  good  land. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Public  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  a  very  large  stretch. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  see,  according  to  this  map,  that  the  only  road  on 
the  estate,  unless  there  is  one  which  I  can  not  make  out,  is  along 
the  Lumintao  River  outside  the  estate,  and  there  is  a  road  from  Iriran 
to  the  Lumintao  River.  I  suppose  where  the  latter  road  is,  is  the  rich 
land  that  you  speak  of? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  not  a  road  on  the  Island  of  Mindoro 
to-day  except  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  capital.  The  things 
indicated  as  roads  are  really  trails  over  which  you  can  ride  a  horse 
in  the  dry  season,  but  which  bog  down  during  the  wet  season. 

Mr.  Parsons.  They  are  called  here  under  ^^conventional  signs," 
*' wagon  roads,  not  improved.'' 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  not  a  real  road  on  the  island  except  a 
short  stretch  leading  out  from  the  capital. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Suppose  that  some  corporation  wants  to  get  the  land 
just  north  of  the  estate  prior  to  the  time  when  the  Filipinos  were  to 
take  it  up  for  themselves,  would  not  the  corporation  get  the  land  ? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  449 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  land  would  naturally  go  to  the  first  person 
or  corporation  that  applied  for  it.  The  fact  is  that  the  whole  interior 
of  the  island  stretching  back  there  is  nnoccnpied  agricultural  public 
land,  and  it  is  in  very  large  amount.  I  climbed  a  small  mountain,  or 
rather  a  big  hill,  when  some  13  miles  back  in  the  interior,  and  as  far 
as  I  could  see  up  the  Lumintao  River  there  was  rich  level  land  on  both 
sides  which  would  probably  be  subject  to  irrigation.  I  think  water 
could  be  brought  there. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  there  water  anywhere  there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Water  is  very  abundant,  sir.  The  Lumintao 
River  and  the  Bugsanga  River  flow  constantly  through  the  year. 
They  never  go  dry,  or  show  signs  of  going  dry. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Their  sources  are  in  the  mountains  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Their  sources  are  in  the  mountains  of  the  in- 
terior. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Apparently,  from  this  map,  so  far  as  it  shows  their 
sources,  their  sources  are  not  in  the  forested  area. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  may  be  true;  but  it  is  also  true  that  tlie 
rivers  do  not  go  dry.  Usually,  in  the  Philippines,  if  a  river  does  not 
have  its  source  in  the  forested  area,  it  does  go  dry,  or  shrinks  very 
greatly  during  the  dry  season. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then,  do  I  understand  from  that  that  the  map  is 
probably  incorrect  in  not  showing  that  the  rivers  have  their  sources 
m  the  forested  area,  or  that  these  are  exceptions  to  the  general  rule  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  expect  that  the  map  would  prove  to  be 
incorrect,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  There  seems  to  be  a  great  deal  of  cogon  land — this 
land  which  is  marked  in  yellow. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  does  cogon  indicate  as  to  the  character  of 
the  soil  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  presence  of  cogon  there  indicates  nothing. 
Cogon  will  grow  on  very  poor  land  or  on  very  rich  land.  The  height 
of  the  cogon  is  what  indicates  the  character  of  the  soil.  Cogon  may 
be  only  knee-high  on  very  poor  land,  and  I  have  seen  it  15  or  even 
20  feet  high  on  very  rich  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  has  been  the  cause  of  this  land  being  in  cogon 
instead  of  being  forested  ?  It  seems  to  have  forested  land  on  different 
sides  of  it.     Do  you  suppose  this  cogon  land  was  originally  forested  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No  one  can  tell  definitely  about  that,  sir.  The 
Philippines  are  being  gradually  deforested,  because  it  is  less  trouble 
to  clear  a  piece  of  forest  land  and  cultivate  it  until  the  cogon  begins  to 
invade  it,  and  then  abandon  it  and  clear  another  piece  of  forest  land 
than  it  is  to  fight  the  cogon  with  such  agricultural  machinery  and 
implements  as  the  people  have  had.  So  that  as  the  forest  is  cleared 
away  the  cogon  takes  possession  and  holds  possession.  It  is  well 
known  that  in  the  old  Spanish  days  the  population  of  Mindoro  was 
at  one  time  very  much  larger  than  it  is  at  present,  and  it  is  probable 
that  at  that  time  there  w^as  very  much  more  cultivation  than  there 
is  at  present.  The  Moros  got  in  there  and  massacred  the  people  in 
great  numbers,  and  others  who  were  not  killed  were  frightened  and 
went  away.     At  least  that  is  the  story. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Particularly  along  the  west  coast? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  The  Moros  at  one  time  settled  on  the 
west  coast  and  remained  there  for  two  years. 


450  ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  forest  here  is  differentiated  between  commer- 
cial forest  and  noncommercial  forest.  I  see  that  on  the  part  marked 
here  as  in  the  San  Jose  estate  there  is  some  of  that  noncommercial 
forest.     What  kind  of  timber  is  that — the  noncommercial  forest  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Soft  wood  of  various  sorts  that  is  not  suitable 
for  structural  purposes  in  the  Philippines,  and  for  which  there  is, 
consequently,  no  sale. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  commercial  forest  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  commercial  forest  would  be  forest  containing 
in  reasonable  quantity  some  of  our  hard  woods  which  are  suitable 
for  structural  purposes. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  see  some  reference  here  to  the  "approximate 
limit  of  pine.''     Is  there  much  pine  on  the  island? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  much,  sir.  There  is  some  pine  in  the  vicinity 
of  Mount  Halcon.  As  a  general  rule,  in  the  northern  Philippines, 
pine  begins  at  an  elevation  of  about  4,000  feet  above  sea  level. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  that  is  the  case  on  Mindoro,  is  it? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Then  there  is  no  pine  in  the  southern  part  of 
Mindoro  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  no  pine  anywhere  in  the  lowlands,  and 
so  far  as  I  am  able  to  judge  from  what  I  have  seen  there  is  no  pine 
anywhere  in  the  island  south  of  the  vicinity  of  Mount  Halcon. 

Mr.  Parsons.  How  does  it  happen  that  these  small  cultivated  areas 
are  scattered  all  over,  even  in  the  very  center  of  the  island  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Those  are  what  are  called  caingins,  sir — the  clear- 
ings of  the  wild  people.  They  are  temporary  clearings  made  every 
year  or  two  and  then  abandoned. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  do  they  cultivate  on  them  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Sweet  potatoes,  a  little  sugar  cane  (usually  just 
to  eat,  as  people  here  would  eat  confectionery),  a  little  Indian  corn, 
sometimes  a  little  tobacco,  sometimes  a  very  little  cotton,  although 
cotton  is  rare. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  mentioned  visiting  the  island  before  the  Ameri- 
can occupation.     How  many  times  have  you  visited  it  since  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Since  the  American  occupation?  I  go  there 
annually,  and  sometimes  two  or  three  times  in  the  course  of  a  year. 
I  am  required  by  law  to  go  once  each  year  and  inspect  the  province. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  go  to  Calapan,  or  do  you  go  to  other  ports  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  When  I  make  my  annual  inspection  I  go  first  to 
Calapan  and  take  the  governor  with  me,  and  go  entirely  around  the 
province,  landing  wherever  weather  conditions  will  permit. 

Mr.  Rucker.  What  was  the  object  of  your  visit  during  the  Spanish 
regime  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  went  there  to  study  the  birds  and  mammals  of 
the  country,  with  particular  reference  to  their  geographic  distribution. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Do  you  know,  Mr.  Worcester,  whose  check  it  was 
that  was  given  for  what  is  sometimes  known  as  the  Poole  tract  of 
4,200  hectares  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Whose  check  was  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  Mr.  Poole's  check,  by  Mr.  Prentiss.  Since 
that  question  was  asked  the  other  day  we  have  cabled  to  Manila  and 
ascertained. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  451 

Mr.  RuCKER.  And  was  it  the  same  signature  to  the  checks  for  the 
other  payments  upon  the  balance  of  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  really  could  not  say,  sir.  I  never  saw  either 
check.  The  information  which  I  give  you  now  is  based  on  the  reply 
to  our  cablegram. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Mr.  Worcester,  there  were  three  tracts,  I  believe — 
possibly  four — taken  in  the  name  of  California  companies  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Three  tracts;  yes,  sir. 

Mr,  Hubbard.  Mr.  Poole  appearing  as  manager  for  each  of  these 
companies  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  These  run  from  the  San  Jose  estate  to  the  town 
upon  the  harbor  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  The  railroad  runs  through  these  estates  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  does — through  two  of  them,  at  least.  I  under- 
stand that  one  of  the  estates  lies  off  the  railroad. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Was  any  statement  of  the  purpose  of  acqiiiring 
those  lands  made  at  the  time  of  their  acquisition  through  Mr.  r  oole  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  application  for  these  lands  was  made  at 
Manila  at  a  time  when  I  was  traveling  through  the  head-hunters' 
country  in  northern  Luzon  with  the  Governor  General.  The  Vice 
Governor  was  acting  as  Governor  General. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  Mr.  Gilbert  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Gilbert;  yes,  sir.  He  had  instructed  Mr. 
Welch,  a  law  officer  of  the  executive  bureau,  to  act  for  me  during  my 
absence.  I  was  in  a  region  w^here  I  could  be  communicated  with  only 
very  rarely,  when  I  arrived  at  certain  points.  Mr.  Welch  sent  a 
telegram  to  me  informing  me  of  these  applications,  and  inquiring 
whether  he  should  sign  for  me.  I  replied  to  him  that  he  might  do  so 
if  satisfied  that  the  transaction  was  strictly  legal.  There  followed 
an  investigation  to  determine  what  the  nature  of  the  transaction  was. 
It  appeared  that  Mr.  Poole  was  signing  for  each  of  these  companies. 
In  view  of  the  provision  of  law  that  a  man  who  is  interested  in  a 
corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  may  not  be  in- 
terested in  any  other  similar  corporation,  I  felt  it  my  duty  to  ascertain 
or  attempt  to  ascertain  what  Mr.  Poole's  relationship  to  those  corpora- 
tions was.  I  therefore  directed  the  making  of  investigations,  which 
resulted  in  the  obtaining  from  Mr.  Poole  of  an  affidavit  to  the  effect 
that  he  had  no  financial  interest  in  any  of  these  corporations;  that 
he  was  acting  simply  as  a  business  agent  to  attend  to  the  paper  work 
on  the  ground. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  that  affidavit  there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  that  affidavit  here. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  should  like  to  have  it  go  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  like  to  offer  in  evidence  all  the  corre- 
spondence which  we  have  with  us  relative  to  these  transactions.  It 
will  be  noticed  that  we  further  requested  a  statement  as  to  the  share- 
holders in  these  several  corporations,  with  a  view  to  ascertaining 
whether  there  were  common  shareholders.  Some  question  was 
raised  as  to  our  right  to  demand  that  information,  but  in  point  of 
fact  it  was  furnished.  The  representatives  of  these  men  said  that 
while  they  were  not  entirely  clear  as  to  our  right  in  the  premises, 
they  had  no  objection  to  furnishing  the  information.     I  have  here  a 


452  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

copy  of  the  communication  from  the  director  of  lands  relative  to 
these  applications^  calling  my  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  lands 
adjoined  the  San  Jose  estate  (or  that  of  one  of  these  other  corpora- 
tions, as  the  case  might  be,  in  each  instance),  and  further  calling  my 
attention  to  the  fact  that  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  was  agent  for  the  three 
companies. 

Mr.  Willet  did  not  act  on  that.  In  point  of  fact  I  was  the  person 
who  finally  acted.  The  investigation  which  resulted  occupied  so 
much  time  that  I  returned  from  my  trip,  and  was  able  ultimately  to 
act  upon  the  papers  myself. 

(Mr.  Worcester  then  read  aloud  to  the  committee  extracts  from  the 
following  correspondence,  which,  by  direction  of  the  committee,  is 
incorporated  in  full  in  the  record.) 

Department  op  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Baguio,  May  4,  1910. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Baguio. 
Sir:  In  accordance  with  section  13,  act  No.  926,  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  I  have 
examined  the  application  of  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Company,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, California,  to  purchase  832  hectares  of  public  land  in  the  barrio  of  Mangarin, 
municipality  of  Bulalacao,  province  of  Mindoro,  and  have  determined  therefrom  and 
from  the  certificate  of  the  director  of  forestry  as  to  the  character  of  the  land  that  the 
applicant  is  entitled  to  purchase  the  land  in  question,  which  appears  to  be  unoccupied, 
unappropriated,  unreserved,  nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land. 

Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  this  land  adjoins  tract  applied  for  by  the  San 
Mateo  Agricultural  Company  and  the  San  Carlos  A  ricultural  Company,  and  that 
Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  is  agent  for  the  three  companies. 

Very  respectfully,  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands, 
S.  A.  No.  302. 


Department  of  the  Interior. 
The  Director  of  Lands,  Baguio. 

Sir  :  Your  findings  in  the  above-mentioned  application  to  purchase  public  land  are 
hereby  approved,  and  you  are  directed  to  proceed  with  the  sale,  as  provided  in  Chapter 
II  of  the  public-land  act. 

Very  respectfully.  Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
Baguio,  May  — ,  1910. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Baguio,  May  4,  1910. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Baguio. 
Sir:  In  accordance  with  section  13,  act  No.  926,  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that 
I  have  examined  the  application  of  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  of  San 
Francisco,  California,  to  purchase  832  hectares  of  public  land  in  the  barrio  of  Mangarin, 
municipality  of  Bulalacao,  Province  of  Mindoro,  and  have  determined  therefrom 
and  from  the  certificate  of  the  director  of  forestry  as  to  the  character  of  the  land,  that 
the  applicant  is  entitled  to  purchase  the  land  in  question,  which  appears  to  be  unoccu- 
pied, unappropriated,  unreserved,  nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land. 

Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  this  land  adjoins  tract  applied  for  by  San 
Francisco  Agricultural  Company  and  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Company,  and  that 
Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  is  agent  for  the  three  companies. 

Very  respectfully,  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands, 
S.  A.  No.  300. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  453 

Dkfartaient  of  the  Lnterior. 
The  Director  of  Lands, 

Baguio. 
Sir:  The  findings  in  the  above  mentioned  application  to  purchase  public  land 
are  hereby  approved,  and  you  are  directed  to  proceed  with  the  sale  as  provided  in 
Chapter  II  of  the  public  land  act. 
Very  respectfully, 

Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
Baguio,  3Iay  —,  1910. 


Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Baguio,  Mxiy  4,  1910. 
The  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 

Baguio. 
Sir:  In  accordance  with  section  13,  act  926,  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  I  have 
examined  the  application  of  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Company,  of  San  Francisco, 
California,  to  purchase  1,024  hectares  of  public  land  in  the  barrio  of  Mangaria,  munici- 
pality of  Bulalacao,  Province  of  Mindoro,  and  have  determined  therefrom  and  from 
the  certificate  of  the  director  of  forestry  as  to  the  character  of  the  land,  that  the  appli- , 
cant  is  entitled  to  purchase  the  land  in  question,  which  appears  to  be  unoccupied, 
unappropriated,  unreserved,  nonmineral,  agricultural  public  land.  ^ 

Attention  is  invited  to  the  fact  that  this  land  adjoins  tract  applied  for  by  the  San ; 
Francisco  Agricultural  Company  and  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  and! 
that  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole  is  agent  for  the  three  companies. 

Very  respectfully,  C.  W.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands.  > 
S.  A.  No.  301. 


Department  op  the  Interior. 
The  Director  of  Lands, 

Baguio. 
Sir:  Your  findings  in  the  above-mentioned  application  to  purchase  public  land^ 
are  hereby  approved,  and  you  are  directed  to  proceed  with  the  sale  as  provided  in 
Chapter  II  of  the  public  land  act. 

Very  respectfully.  Dean  C.  Worcester, 

Secretary  of  the  Interior. 
Baguio,  May  —,  1910. 


Baguio,  May  9,  1910. 
Sir:  Replying,  in  the  absence  of  the  secretary  of  the  interior,  to  your  communica- 
tions of  May  fourth  regarding  applications  of  the  San  Mateo,  San  Carlos  and  San 
Francisco  Agricultural  Companies,  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  the  secretary  of 
the  interior  has  authorized  me  to  approve  your  findings  upon  said  applications,  pro- 
vided I  am  thoroughly  satisfied  that  the  proposed  arrangement  is  strictly  legal.  < 
Inasmuch  as  by  section  75,  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  July  1,  1902,  it  is  provided 
that  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or 
mining  to  be  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture 
or  mining;  and  as  it  does  not  appear  from  the  papers  that  the  stockholders  in  one  of 
these  companies  are  not  stockholders  in  another,  I  would  suggest  that  you  request 
the  agent  to  furnish  us  with  the  necessary  information  on  this  subject,  which  may 
be  in  the  form  of  an  affidavit  by  some  officer  of  the  company  having  knowledge  as 
to  who  are  the  stockholders.  The  papers  will  be  held  pending  receipt  of  such  infor- 
mation. 

Respectfully,  yours,  Thomas  Cary  Welch, 

Acting  Executive,  Secretary. 
To  the  Director  of  Lands, 

Baguio. 


454  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Bruce,  Lawrence,  Ross  &  Block, 

Manila,  May  10,  1910. 

Sir:  I  beg  to  acknowledge  receipt  of  your  telegram  of  May  9,  1910,  reading  as  fol- 
lows: 

''Sales  applications  held  up  pending  receipt  of  evidence  that  stockholders  in  any 
one  of  the  corporations  are  in  no  way  interested  in  any  one  of  the  others;  section  75, 
act  of  Congress,  July  first." 

The  articles  of  incorporation  of  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Company,  the  San 
Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  and  the  San  Carlos  Agricultural  Company,  which  are 
the  three  companies  which  made  application  to  purchase  lands  in  Mindoro,  show 
that  there  are  no  common  stockholders  or  incorporators  among  them.  The  legal 
presumption  is,  of  course,  that  these  companies  are  complying  with  the  law,  and, 
aside  from  this  presumption,  the  facts  shown  by  the  articles  of  incorporation  cer- 
tainly make  a  prima  facie  case.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  I  know  from  the  correspondence 
which  I  have  received  from  America  that  these  companies  have  no  common  stockhold- 
ers, and  that  there  is  no  willingness  or  desire  on  the  part  of  any  of  those  interested  in 
any  of  the  companies  to  in  any  way  evade  the  law. 

It  would  seem  to  me  to  be  rather  an  unfortunate  precedent  to  establish  to  require 
further  evidence  than  that  already  given  of  compliance  with  the  law,  but  if  you  con- 
sider it  expedient,  under  the  circumstances  of  the  case,  to  secure  such  further  evi- 
dence, I  should  be  glad  to  cable  at  once  to  the  United  States,  so  that  full  affidavits 
may  be  forwarded,  which  I  will  fde  with  you.  If  you  will  be  good  enough  to  cable  me 
upon  receipt  of  this  letter  your  wishes  in  the  matter,  I  shall  at  once  cable  to  our  cor- 
respondents in  the  United  States  for  the  affidavits.  In  the  meantime,  it  does  not 
seem  to  me  just  that  the  applications  should  be  held  up  pending  the  receipt  of  this 
further  evidence.  Would  it  not  be  possible  for  the  applications  to  proceed  in  the 
regular  course,  so  that  the  advertisements  may  be  made,  which  wdll  consume  a  con- 
siderable amount  of  time?  I  will  undertake  to  obtain  and  file  the  affidavits  with 
you  prior  to  the  purchase  of  the  land,  if  you  so  require.  The  matter  has,  as  you 
know,  already  been  considerably  delayed,  and  further  delay  may  prove  very  detri- 
mental to  the  interests  of  these  companies. 

I  respectfully  request,  therefore,  that  you  allow  the  applications  to  go  forward  in 
the  usual  course  which  they  would  follow,  and  the  necessary  advertisements  and 
other  preliminaries  to  be  carried  out  prior  to  the  receipt  of  papers  from  the  United 
States. 

Very  respectfully,  Edward  B.  Bruce. 

Mr.  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands,  Baguio. 


Baguio,  May  IS,  1910. 
The  Director  of  Lands,  Baguio,  Benguet. 

Sir:  In  view  of  the  statements  in  the  letter  herewith,  re  the  telegram  of  Messrs. 
Bruce,  Lawrence,  Ross  &  Black,  of  May  10,  1910,  your  findings  in  regard  to  the  above- 
mentioned  application  are  hereby  approved  to  the  extent  that  you  may  proceed  to 
advertisement  without  delay,  as  provided  in  chapter  2  of  the  public-land  act,  it  being 
understood,  however,  that  the  applicants  are  to  furnish  corroborative  proof,  satis- 
factory to  you,  by  affidavit  or  otherwise,  of  the  statements  in  said  letter  before  such 
sale  be  finally  consummated. 

Very  respectfully,  Thomas  Cary  Welch, 

Acting  Executive  Secretary,  for  and  in  the 

absence  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 


Baguio,  May  16,  1910. 
Mr.  Edward  B.  Bruce,  Manila, 

Sir:  Replying  to  your  favor  of  May  10,  permit  me  to  state  that  your  letter  was  taken 
by  me  before  the  vice  governor  and  also  Mr.  Welch  (acting  executive  secretary)  and 
the  vice  governor  stated  that  he  could  see  no  objection  to  proceeding  with  the  advertise- 
ment. I  thereupon  wired  you  to  that  effect,  and  on  May  14  received  the  original  of 
the  enclosed  letter  from  th^  acting  executive  secretary. 
Very  respectfully. 

Director  of  Lands. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  455 

Bruce,  Lawrence,  Ross  &  Block, 

Manila,  May  18,  1910. 
Sir:  I  beg  to  acknowledge  receipt  of  your  letter  of  May  16,  inclosing  a  copy  of  the 
letter  of  the  acting  executive  secretary  in  reference  to  the  sale  of  public  lands  in 
Mindoro.  I  have  already  written  to  the  United  States  and  requested  our  correspond- 
ents to  forward  at  once  affidavits  showing  the  stockholders  of  the  various  companies. 
I  will  have  these  affidavits  on  hand  in  case  they  are  required  by  your  bureau. 
Very  respectfully, 

Edward  B.  Bruce. 
Mr.  C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands,  Baguio. 


Bacuio,  June  2,  1910. 
Mr.  Edward  B.  Bruce, 

Manila,  F.I. 
Sir:  Referring  to  your  letter  of  May  10th  in  relation  to  the  applications  of  the  San 
Francisco  Agricultural  Company,  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Co.  and  the  San  Carlos 
Agricultural  Co. ,  to  purchase  public  lands  in  the  province  of  Mindoro,  permit  me  to  state 
that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  has  requested  affidavits  from  Mr.  E.  L.  Poole,  agent 
of  the  three  companies  mentioned  above,  that  he  is  not  a  stockholder  in  any  one  of  the 
three  companies,  or  any  other  corporation  owning  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and 
that  he  has  no  personal  financial  interest  in  any  of  the  three  companies  mentioned. 

It  is  requested  that  this  affidavit  be  furnished,  if  possible,  in  triplicate,  to  be  attached 
to  the  original  applications. 

Upon  receipt  of  same,  it  is  believed  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  will  approve 
of  the  sales  applications  mentioned  herein. 

Very  respectfully,  , 

Director  of  Lands. 


Philippine  Islands,  City  of  Manila,  ss: 

E.  L.  Poole,  being  duly  sworn,  deposes  and  says: 

That  he  is  the  managing  agent  in  the  Philippine  Islands  of  the  San  Francisco 
Agricultural  Company,  a  corporation  organized  and  existing  under  the  laws  of  the 
State  of  California;  of  the  San  Mateo  Agricultural  Company,  a  corporation  organized 
and  existing  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  California;  and  of  the  San  Carlos  Agricul- 
tural Company,  a  corporation  organized  and  existing  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of 
California; 

That  he  is  not  a  stockholder  in  any  of  said  companies,  nor  is  he  a  stockholder  in 
any  corporation  owning  land  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  which  has  applied  for  the 
purchase  of  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands;  and  that  he  is  not  financially 
interested  in  any  of  the  said  corporations  above  mentioned,  otherwise  than  being 
employed  as  managing  agent  of  the  said  corporations  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Edw.  L.  Poole. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  in  Manila,  P.  I.,  this  4th  day  of  June,  1910,  the 
said  E.  L.  Poole  exhibiting  to  me  his  personal  cedula  No.  F-1946,  issued  at  Manila, 
P.  I.,  on  the  4th  day  of  January,  1910. 
[seal.]  W.  H.  Lawrence, 

[stamp.]  Notary  Public, 

My  commission  expires  December  31,  1910. 


Memorandum  of  correspondence  relating  to  sale  of  tracts  of  land  to  the  San  Mateo  Agri- 
cultural Company f  the  San  Francisco  Agricultural  Company,  and  the  San  Carlos 
Agricultural  Company. 

Letters  forwarding  sales  application  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  by  the  director 
of  lands,  containing  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to  the  findings  of  the 
director  of  lands.     (Letters  dated  May  4,  1910.) 

Letter  of  the  acting  executive  secretary  (Mr.  Welch)  of  May  9th  to  the  director  of 
lands  requesting  further  information. 


456  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Letter  of  Mr.  Bruce  of  May  10,  acknowledging  receipt  of  telegram  of  director  of 
lands  of  May  9th  on  this  subject,  requesting  that  advertisements  be  made,  and  reason. 

Letter  of  Acting  Executive  Secretary  Welch  of  May  13th  to  director  of  lands,  author- 
izing advertisements  in  view  of  the  information  contained  in  letter  of  Mr.  Bruce  of 
May  10th,  and  requesting  corroborative  proof. 

Letter  of  the  director  of  lands  to  Mr.  Edward  P.  Bruce,  of  May  16th,  advising  no 
objection  to  proceeding  with  advertisements,  and  enclosing  copy  of  letter  of  the  acting 
executive  secretary. 

Letter  of  Mr.  Edward  P.  Bruce  to  the  director  of  lands  of  May  18th,  acknowledging 
receipt  of  his  letter  of  May  16th,  stating  that  he  will  procure  the  affidavits  and  present 
them  if  desired. 

Letter  of  the  director  of  lands  of  June  2nd  to  Mr.  Edward  P.  Bruce,  referring  to  the 
letter  of  May  10th,  and  requesting  affidavit  from  Mr.  Poole  regarding  his  connection 
with  the  corporations  concerned.  (The  three  affidavits  furnished  by  Mr.  Poole  are 
dated  June  4th.) 

(Note.— In  the  letter  of  May  10,  1910,  from  Mr.  Edward  B.  Bruce 
to  Mr.  C.  II.  Sleeper,  above  set  out  in  full,  the  following  clauses  occur) : 

It  would  seem  to  me  to  be  rather  an  unfortunate  precedent  to  establish  to  require 
further  evidence  tjian  that  already  given  of  compliance  with  the  law,  but  if  you  con- 
aider  it  expedient,  under  the  circumstances  of  the  case,  to  secure  such  further  evidence, 
I  should  be  glad  to  cable  at  once  to  the  United  States,  so  that  full  alhdavits  may  be 
forwarded,  which  I  will  file  with  you.  If  you  will  be  good  enough  to  cable  me  upon 
receipt  of  this  letter  your  wishes  in  the  matter  I  shall  at  once  cable  to  our  correspond- 
ents in  the  United  States  for  the  affidavits. 

(When  the  above-mentioned  clauses  had  been  read  by  Mr.  Worces- 
ter the  following  occurred): 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  that  done  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  think  that  was  done,  sir.  It  does  not 
appear  from  this  correspondence. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Those  applications  were  for  public  lands,  and 
not  friaf  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  Those  were  applications  to  be  allowed 
to  purchase,  directly,  public  lands. 

Mr.  Madison.  How  much  was  included  in  each  application— how 
many  acres  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  the  full  amount — 1,024  hectares,  which 
is  approximately  2,500  acres. 

Mt.  Parsons.  How  was  the  price  fixed  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  land  inspector  is  sent  to  examine  the  land,  as 
a  rule.  But  I  may  say,  Mr.  Parsons,  that  it  is  the  fixed  policy  of  the 
department  of  the  interior  in  sales  of  wild  agricultural  public  land 
to  fix  the  minimum  price  allowed  by  law.  The  price  would  be  the 
same  whether  the  land  were  a  little  better  or  not  quite  so  good.  The 
same  policy  prevails  in  the  matter  of  leases. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  is  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  been  making  every  effort  to  get  our 
lands  cultivated,  to  persuade  the  natives  to  take  them  up,  or  to 
interest  others  in  taking  thein  up.  We  have  a  country  of  enormous 
agricultural  resources,  with  enormous  areas  of  uncultivated  land, 
and  we  want  to  see  it  turned  into  farms. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  disposition  of  the  natives  toward 
occupying  and  owning  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  As  a  rule,  sir,  the  natives  are  entirely  indifferent 
in  the  matter  of  ownership,  unless  they  fear  for  some  reason  that 
they  may  be  dispossessed.  The  Filipino  is  very  much  attached  to 
his  home  and  his  neighbors  and  his  town.     He  would  look  with 


ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  457 

horror  on  the  probabUity  of  bemg  driven  away  from  a  place  where 
his  ancestors  had  Hved  before  him.  But  so  long  as  he  is  left  in 
unmolested  occupation  of  land,  as  a  rule,  he  does  not  take  the  slight- 
est interest  in  securing  title  to  it.  That  is  the  true  explanation 
of  the  failure  of  natives  to  lease  or  purchase  or  establish  title  to 
tracts  of  land,  or  to  hoi-s^stead,  or  to  take  advantage  of  the  privilege 
of  free  patent,  which  latter  privilege  gives  a  man  his  land  for  nothing. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  A  very  small  percentage  of  occupants  of  agri- 
cultural lands  have  any  record  title  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Very  small,  sir.  As  I  stated  to  the  committee, 
it  was  estimated  at  the  time  the  census  was  taken  that  there  were 
two  and  a  quarter  million  parcels  of  farm  land — that  is,  land  claimed 
in  a  way  by  natives,  mostly  by  natives — and  only  about  6,000 
titles  had  actually  been  obtained. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Many  of  those  occupants  who  have  had  no  titles 
could  procure  titles  upon  merely  making  application  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Oh,  yes,  sir;  great  numbers  of  them  could  have 
secured  titles  for  nothing  under  the  free  patent  provision  of  the  public 
lands  act.  We  did  everything  we  possibly  could  to  call  their  atten- 
tion to  the  opportunity.  We  utilized  the  public  schools.  We 
directed  that  the  facts  be  communicated  to  the  children,  and  that  the 
children  be  asked  to  tell  their  parents  when  they  went  home.  We  pub- 
lished the  facts  in  circulars  in  half  a  dozen  of  the  native  dialects,  so 
that  anyone  who  could  read  even  a  native  (halect  might  be  informed; 
and  we  scattered  those  circulars  broadcast.  We  imposed  on  pro- 
vincial and  municipal  ofhcials  by  instruction  through  the  Governor 
General  and  the  executive  secretary,  the  obligation  of  informing  people 
about  their  opportunities  to  gain  land.  We  have  used  every  channel 
that  w^e  could  think  of  to  convey  the  information  to  the  people. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  I  want  to  ask  a  question  with  relation  to  these  three 
tracts  of  which  we  were  speaking.  Was  there  any  definition  of  the 
purpose  for  which  those  tracts  were  taken  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  would  not  have  been  in  the  application, 
sir.  My  understanding  is  that  the  men  who  have  them  propose  to 
raise  sugar  cane  and  ship  it  over  the  railroad  to  the  central  mill. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  That  is,  that  these  three  tracts  were  to  be  used  as 
sugar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  part  for  sugar  and  in  part  for  cocoanuts. 
Some  of  the  land  is  very  good  for  raising  cocoanuts,  and  not  suitable 
for  sugar. 

(The  committee  thereupon  went  into  executive  session,  after 
which  it  adjourned  until  to-morrow,  Tuesday,  December  20,  1910, 
at  10  o'clock  a.  m.) 

82278°— H.  Repl.  2289,  61-3 33 


458 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Keport  asked  for  by  Mr.  Parsons  brought  to  date  similar  to  that  of  page  97  of  the 
Report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior.  Dates  shown  since  November  1  are  merely 
estimates  based  on  instructions  left  with  the  assistant  director  of  lands  as  to  the  time 
estates  should  be  placed  on  sale.  I  left  Manila  November  7,  and  believe  the  instruc- 
tions were  carried  out. 

Table  showing  dates  of  completion  of  surveys,  computations,  and  valuations  of  friar  estates 
and  dates  when  estates  were  offered  for  sale. 


Estate. 


Surveys; 
field  work 
completed. 


Com- 
putations 
completed, 
including 
additional 
subdivisions. 


Valuations 
completed. 


Sales  began. 


Banilad 

Binagbag  i 

Binan 

Calamba  2 

Dampol  1 

Guiguinto 

Imus  3 

Isabela 

Lolomboy  2 

Malinta 

Matam?/ 

Muntinlupa 

'Naic 

Orion 

Piedad  1 

San  Francisco  de  Malabon  * 

San  Jos6 

San  Marcos 

Santa  Cruz  de  Malabon  s. . . 

Santa  Maria  de  Pandi  ^ 

Santa  Rosa  ^ 

Tala 

Talisay-Minglanilla  ^ 


July 
Dec. 
Feb. 
Jan. 
Dec. 
Oct. 
June 
June 
Oct. 
July 
Oct. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
Oct. 
Dec. 
Apr. 
Aug. 
Apr. 
June 
June 
June 
Apr. 
June 


2, 1907 

20. 1907 
1, 1907 

15. 1908 

31. 1905 
31, 1907 

1,1908 
13, 1907 
1,1907 
1, 1907 

5. 1906 
11, 1907 

1. 1907 

30. 1906 

16. 1907 
1,1908 

27. 1905 

24. 1906 

3. 1908 

30. 1908 

2. 1907 

1. 1908 
1,1908 


Jime 

June 

May 

July 

July 

June 

Nov. 

July 

June 

July 

June 

July 

May 

July 

July 

Jan. 

May 

June 

Nov. 

Sept. 

June 

May 


22, 1909 

21. 1909 
3, 1910 

23. 1910 
22, 1909 
30, 1909 

1, 1910 
19, 1909 

1, 1910 
28, 1909 

30. 1908 

27. 1909 

19. 1910 

28. 1909 

10. 1910 
31, 1910 
31, 1906 

30. 1908 
1,1910 

30, 1910 

25. 1909 
7, 1910 


Dec.  11,1908 
Feb.  21,1907 
Mar.  11,1910 
Oct.  1, 1910 
Feb.  6, 1906 
Feb.  18,1908 
Nov.  1,1910 
Feb.  16,1909 
Oct.  1, 1910 
Jan.  19,1909 
Not  classified 
Jan.  9, 1909 
Mar.  21,1910 
Jan.  17,1908 
June  17,1910 
July  16,1909 
Not  classified 

do 

June  27,1910 
Oct.  10,1910 
Dec.  29,1907 
Sept.    7,1909 


June 

May 

May 

Oct. 

Apr. 

Oct. 

Dec. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

May 

Apr. 

Mar. 

June 

June 

Aug. 

Mar. 

Jan. 

June 

Dec. 

Nov. 

Jan. 

June 


15. 1909 
17, 1908 

6, 1910 

15. 1910 
22, 1908 

12. 1908 
1, 1910 

7. 1909 
10, 1910 

13. 1909 

20. 1908 

16. 1909 

24. 1910 
18, 1908 

9. 1910 
17, 1910 

4, 1910 
26, 1908 

1, 1910 
15, 1910 

4,1909 
21, 1910 


'  Opposition  in  land  court  necessitated  a  slight  change  in  boundary  lines. 

2  Neither  classified  nor  sold. 

3  Computations  not  finished. 

''  Additional  subdivisions  of  parcels  subsequent  to  sale  date. 
*  Not  offered  for  sale. 

Note. — Several  estates  were  offered  for  sale  before  the  surveys  were  entirely  completed.    On  the  Dampol 
and  Guiguinto  estates  some  resurveys  were  necessary  after  sales  h  d  begun. 


Land  reserved  by  the  Philippines  Sugar  Estates  Development  Co.  on  estates  which  were  sold 
to  the  Government,  known  as  friar  estates. 

Calamba  estate: 

I  urban  lot  containing  0.8968  acres. 

1  agricultural  lot  containing  492.50  acre§.     (Known  as  ^'Lecheria.") 

1  town  lot  containing  0.7485  acres.     (Known  as  ^'Majada.") 

1  agricultural  lot  containing  1,453.75  acres. 

1  agricultural  lot  containing  59 .  50  acres .     ( "  Real . " ) 
Bifian  estate: 

1  town  lot  containing  0.2038  acres. 

1  town  lot  containing  0.3520  acres. 

1  agricultural  lot  containing  25  acres  (on  which  is  located  a  rice  mill). 
Orion  estate: 

1  town  lot  containing  0.0475  acres. 
S.  C.  De  Malabon,  Banilad: 

1  town  lot  containing  2.6938  acres.     (Inclosed  by  masonry  wall.) 
Banilad  estate: 

7  town  lots  containing  20.9225  acres. 
Santa  Rosa  estate: 

1  town  lot  containing  4.3312  acres.     (Containing  large  building.) 

1  town  lot  containing  470.1510  acres. 
Total,  2,531.0971  acres. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  459 

Copy  of  cablegrams . 

December  15,  1910. 
Forbes,  Manila: 

Cable  name  of  signer  and  form  of  signature  on  check  paid  bureau  of  lands  for  first 
payment  San  Jose  estate. 

Edwards. 


December  16,  1910. 
Secretary  of  War,  Washington: 

Keferring  to  telegram  from  your  office  of  14th  instant,  check  on  Hongkong  and  Shang- 
hai Banking  Corporation,  368,658,  January  4, 1910,  payable  Charles  H.  Sleeper,  director 
bureau  of  lands,  166,926  pesos,  signed  (quote)  "For  E.  L.  Poole  P.  A.  Prentiss.'^ 

Forbes, 


War  Department, 
Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs, 

Washington y  December  17,  1910. 
Official  copy  respectfully  furnished  Capt,  Charles  H.  Sleeper, 

Geo.  H.  Shelton, 
Major,  United  States  Army, 
Assistant  to  Chief  of  Bureau. 


Memorandum  of  estimated  sales  to  original  occupants,  new  native  occupants,  and  new 
occupants  other  than  native,  to  include  October  30,  1910. 

MUNTINLUPA    ESTATE. 

Acres. 

Original  occupants  (1,207  parcels) 1,  459.  8479 

Natives,  new  occupants  (34  parcels) 71.  4914 

Others,  new  occupants  (21  parcels) 3,  019.  0217 

Total  (1,262  parcels) 4,  550.  3610 

Baldwin,  Young  &  Baldwin  (3  parcels) 770.  7165 

Bayanan  Plantation  Syndicate  (1  parcel) 307.  5040 

Manila  Railroad  Co.  (1  parcel) 50.  3025 

R.  E.  McFie  (2  parcels) 15.  8257 

Muntinlupa  Co.  (J.  L.  Davis)  (14  parcels) 1,874.6730 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  of  Land,  Philippine  Government. 
Washington,  D.  C,  December  15,  1910. 


Pages  13  and  14.  Exhibit  "A,"  schedule  of  rents  of  friar  lands  (p.  13,  H.  Doc. 
No.  963),  became  effective  for  the  leases  expiring  during  the  calendar  year  1908,  to  be 
renewed  for  the  lease  year  1908-9.  Schedule  on  page  13  should  read  ''Lots  per  are  per 
annum"  (100  square  meters),  not  "per  hectare  per  annum." 


NUEVA    ECIJA. 


It  is  estimated  that  the  province  of  Nueva  Ecija  contains  1,500,000  acres,  of  which 
about  1,000,000  acres  belong  to  the  public  domain  and  the  larger  part  is  believed  to  be 
agricultural  land,  and  about  500,000  acres  are  occupied  lands  of  either  private  or  public 
ownership. 


460 


ADMINISTBATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


In  response  to  Mr.  Martin's  request  of  December  15,  contained  on  page  404  of  the 
record,  for  indication  of  the  employees  or  former  employees  of  the  Government  who 
have  applied  for  the  lease  of  public  lands,  there  is  submitted  herewith  a  list  showing 
in  the  column  of  remarks  those  who  are  or  have  been  Government  employees  as  near 
as  can  be  determined  from  the  personal  knowledge  of  the  director  of  lands  and  his 
employees  now  in  Washington,  and  from  the  roster  of  civil  service  employees  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  to  January  1,  1910. 

List  of  all  applications  for  lease  of  public  lands  since  July  1,  1902^  in  effect  on  8eptemher 

SO,  1910. 

[Sec,  27,  act  926.] 


Ira  D.Cobb 

O.V.Wood 

LorenL.  Day 

M.  A.  McLeod 

Jose  Miranda 

Gabino  R.  Bautista... 

Francisco  Bangoy 

John  Clark 

Mary  Carrigan 

J.  M.  Liddell.... 

Alejandro  Manalo 

M.  L.  McCullough.... 

J.  H.  McCullough 

Leora  J.  Day 

C.  H.  Sawyer 

Felipe  Bantayan 

Dalmacio  Agton 

Esfcanislao  P.  Gil 

Basilio  Villanueva — 

Silvestre  Jandoc 

Tomas  Zapata 

Eduardo  Laching 

Sabas  Fuentes 

Domingo  Loteria 

Segundo  Esperat 

E.  W.  Ames 

Policarpio  Pugida 

Segundo  Perez 

Enrique  Bustamente. 

Nazario  Jose 

G.  W.  Langford 

Domingo  Ellazar 

Evaristo  de  los  Santos 

Marcelino  Pio 

Guillermo  Garcia 

Chas.  E.T.  Wade.... 

Antonio  Matute 

J.  R.  Wilson 

Vicente  Lukban 

Arsenio  Villarosa 

Vergilio  Baileon 

Juan  Palanca 

J.  L.  Perrin 

Mariano  Perez 

Daniel  Perez 

Anacleta  Nufioz 

Enrique  Navarro 

M.  V.  Sanson 

Felipe  Semiana 

Antonio  Tancontian. . 

Samuel  Navarro 

Inocencio  Perez 

Sebastian  Matute 

Geo.  S.  Worcester 

Mariano  Osorio 

Pablo  Catubog 

Braulio  Reyes 

Angel  Boston 

P.  A.  Hill 

E.  B.  Bruce 

W.  II.  Lawrence 

Z.  K.Miller 

H.  C.  Reissar 

Mariano  P.  Gill 

Bunod 

Ciriaco  Gudoy 

Modesto  Barrera 

Vicente  Bualan 

Romana  Munoz 


Hectares. 

Years. 

48 

25 

451 

25 

1,024 

25 

100 

25 

80 

25 

104 

25 

105 

25 

422 

25 

1,024 

25 

327 

25 

80 

25 

896 

25 

896 

25 

340 

25 

576 

25 

18 

25 

70 

25 

187 

25 

18 

25 

50 

25 

47 

25 

49 

25 

21 

25 

58 

25 

33 

25 

576 

25 

27 

25 

100 

25 

51 

25 

24 

25 

204 

25 

92 

25 

28 

25 

22 

25 

255 

25 

140 

25 

231 

25 

1,000 

25 

1,024 

25 

41 

25 

64 

25 

100 

25 

85 

25 

38 

25 

40 

25 

36 

25 

38 

25 

30 

25 

33 

25 

64 

25 

79 

25 

266 

25 

418 

25 

500 

25 

31 

25 

17 

25 

32 

25 

21 

25 

26 

25 

100 

25 

81 

25 

350 

25 

148 

25 

74 

25 

45 

25 

27 

25 

21 

25 

86 

25 

25 

25 

Teacher,  removed  Sept.,  '06. 

Dist.  sec'y  Davao;  resigned  July,  1907. 

Asst.  treas.  Moro  Provmce;  1^5,500. 


Ranger  bur.  forestry,  '04;  F600. 

Judge  municipal  court.  Resigned  Jan.  1,  'C 
Asst.  dist.  sec.  Davao.  Resigned  Apr.,  '08. 
Teacher  Moro  Prov.;  P2,400. 


Postmaster,  Mati;  F108. 

Capt.  surg.  P.  C.  Moro  Prov.;  P=4,800. 


3rd  class  patrohnan,  dept.  police,  1902;  F480. 
Asst.  director  bur.  lands;  F7,500. 


Chinese  interpreter  customs;  Fl,200. 

P.  M.  dep.  collector  customs  Balabae;  F3,780. 


Clerk  Balabae  customs;  Fl,200. 


3rd  class  patrolman,  dept.  police;  F720. 


Machinery  expert,  bur.  agri.;  F3,600. 
Capt.,  bur.  navigation;  F3,000. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


461 


List  of  all  applications  for  lease  of  public  lands  since  July  1,  1902,  in  effect  on  September 

30,  :?P:?0~Coiitinued. 


Isidro  Pablo 

Nieves  Quesada 

Ayas 

Lewis  Main 

O.  B.  Burrell 

Luis  Baldomero 

G.  W.  Daywalt 

Enrique  Bustamente 

Severo  Samal 

Justino  Bangoy 

Claudio  Quesada 

Enrique  Navarro 

Jose  Tiga 

Juan  Alang 

Mindanao  Estates  Co 

Merton  L.  Miller,  pres 

R.  C.  Round,  agent 

Tibungoy  Plantation  Co 

Max  A.  Becher,  sec.-treas 

Mindanao  Plantation  Co 

F.  H.  Gibson,  sec.-treas 

B.  A.  Crumb,  agent 

Davao  Trading  &  Dev.  Co 

MaxL.  McCullough,  president. 

Louis  T.  Grant 

Southern  Cross  Plantation  Co 


Fay  F.  Lewis,  sec.-treas . 
Moro  Plantation  Co . 


F.  A.  Crowhurst,  gen'l  mgr. . . 

L.  A.  Schoppe 

F.  H.  Garrett 

Miguel  Morales 

Moro  Improvement  &  Trading  Co. 

T.  R.  Scoon,  sec.-treas 

Diosado  Bustamente 

Valantin  Mora  (and  Leonor  Garcia) 

Justina  Plaza 

P.W.Addison 

Jose  Arevalo 

E .  E .  Christensen 

Lumayan  Plantation  Co 

P.P.  Chase,  sec.-treas 

Siassi  Plant'n  &  Trading  Co 

Geo.  Harvey,  pres 

N.  M.  Holmes,  agt 

Padro  de  Lara  y  Bautista 

"Kalamitoy",  Gregorio  Palacios, 
treas. 

Vicente  D .  Fernandez 

Fermin  Costa 

Agustin  Colon 

Vicente  Bualan 

Gertnides  de  Perio 

Ytig  Bagobo 

Luis  Balderas 

Cipriano  Alzate 

Simeon  Poster 

Alejandro  Manalo 

Domingo  Bustamente 

Tura  Bagobo 

Magdalena  Payan 

Ana  Pulido 

Pausto  Urabalay 

E.G.  Worrick 

Roque  Neri 

Petra  Pascual 

Lorenzo  Lacao 

Jose  Dato 

Domingo  Lemesa 

Okiko  (Mrs.  Zorns) 

Davao.  Agr.  Co 

Cecilio  Palamara 

F.  H.  Gibson 

Sulpicio  Osorio 

M.  E.  Heacock 

D.  L.  Roscoe 

Victoriano  Gi^zman 

Manuel  Gutierrez  Velasquez 

Jose  A.  Clarin 

Marciano  Balderas 

Agapito  Malcampo 


Hectares. 


38 

84 

30 

1,020 

100 
28 

400 
21 
26 
53 
30 
24 
31 
10 


i;  024 


340 
1,024 


800 
"5i2' 


10 
1,024 


17 

479 

.( 

4 

0 

500 

279 


2 
262 

1,024 

12 

14 

8(> 

8 

112 

28 

9 

16 

04 

9 

6 

7 

7 

32 

38" 

12 

8 

15 

17 

32 

128 

22 

1,024 

33 

500 

1,024 

01 

500 

5 

23 
15 


Years. 


Capt.,  P.  C;  resigned  Apr.  27,  '10. 
Agricultural  inspector;  F2,800. 


P.  M.  Dapa;  n08. 


Chief  div.  ethnology,  bur.  science;  F6,000. 
Law  clerk,  bur.  int.  rev.;  F5,000. 


P.  M.  Digos;  ^36.00  per  annum. 

A,sst.  dist.  sec,  Davao;  resigned  April,  1908. 


Clerk,  bur.  supplies;  F3,600. 

D,  O.  and  cashier,  bur.  supplies;  1*5,500. 


Ry.  postal  clerk;  resigned,  6-28-00. 
Teacher-insp.;  bur.  forestry;  resigned  Dec,  1904. 
Clerk,  Moro  Prov.;  resigned,  9-7-07;  F2,800. 
Solicitor  general,  salary,  T*10,000. 


Dist.  eng.,  bur.  public  works,  resigned;  6-30-07. 


Assemblyman,  Bohol  Prov,;  F30  per  diem. 


462 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


List  of  all  applications  for  lease  of  public  lands  since  July  1, 1902,  in  effect  on  September 

30,  1910— Continned. 


Hectares. 

Years. 

Am-mel 

12 

96 

350 

1,024 

25 
25 
25 
25 

South  Mindanao  Development  Co. 
W.  B.  Cadwallader 

Lais  Trading  &  Dev.  Co 

R.  M.  Shearer,  pres 

Special  agt.,  exec,  bur.;  P8,500. 
Paying  teller,  treas.  bur.;  P6,000. 

T.  K.  Adreon 



Bruno,  Pablo  

8 
480 

25 
25 

Wilson  Plantation  Co 

L.  F.  Patstone 

Supt.  dept.  eng!  &  public  wks.;  P6,000. 

Sulu  Dev't.  Co 

1,024 

25 

Harry  Martin,  pres 

Vergilio  Bonleon 

32 
32 

25 
25 

Bruno  Valdez  Quijano 

Leases  executed  for  public  lands  during  the  period  from  July  24,  1904,  the  date  of  the  procla- 
mation of  the  public-land  act,  to  September  30,  1910. 


Area. 


Rate  per 
hectare. 


W.  B.  Dawson. 


H.  A. 

83    84 


Louis  Gordon.. 
R.  C.  Baldwin. 


Pioneer  Plant'n  Co 

Wm.  J.  Crampton 

Edward  Power 

Geo.  P.  Ahem 

Ohta  Dev't  Co 

Cadwallader  Lbr.  Co 

Frank  Shepherd 

Philippines  Plant'n  &  Commer- 
cial Co 

H.  L.  Heath,  gen'l  mgr 

E.  L.  Worcester 

Malalag  Plant'n  Co 

E.  F.  Cochrane,  agt 


128    00    03 
75    85    97 


690    88    00 


TO.  50 


.50 


5  51  62 

630  05  01 

3  71  71 

123  76  75 

3  47  64 


1.50 
.50 

1.50 
.50 

2.00 


977    38    03 

522    47    82 


Died  Sept.,  1910;    school  teacher;    salary, 
P2,600. 

D.  0.,  municipal  board,  Manila;  salary, 
P6,500. 

Chief  div.   inspectors,  bur.  customs;  sal- 
ary, P4,500. 
Inspector,  bur.  customs;  P3,600. 
Director  of  forestry;  P8,000. 


Rain  observer,  weather  bur.;  F180. 
Q.  M.  Dept.,  U.  S.  A. 


3,244    96    64 


In  response  to  Mr.  Martin's  request  of  December  15,  before  the  House  Committee  on 
Insular  Affairs,  there  is  submitted  herewith  a  statement  of  all  public  land  which  has 
been  disposed  of  within  the  town  site  of  Baguio  by  the  bureau  of  public  lands  to  Sep- 
tember 30,  1910,  showing  the  number  of  the  lot,  the  section,  the  area  in  square  meters, 
the  date  sold,  the  name  of  the  purchaser,  the  price  paid  per  square  meter,  and  the 
total  cost  in  pesos. 

Those  names  marked  with  the  letter  "jE"  opposite  are  known  to  be,  or  have  been, 
employees  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  Those  marked  with  the 
letter  "it! "  opposite  the  name  are  known  as  relatives  of  employees  or  former  employees. 

The  information  relative  to  their  employment  and  the  relationship  is  from  the  per- 
sonal knowledge  of  the  director  of  lands  and  his  employees  now  in  Washington,  and  the 
roster  of  the  civil-service  employees  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  January  1,  1910. 

C.  W.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

Washington,  D.  C,  December  16,  1910. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


463 


STATEMENT  AND  INDEX   OF  LOTS   SOLD  IN   BAGUIO   TOWN   SITE,  SEPTEMBER,  1910. 

Statement  of  sales  of  Baguio  town-site  lots. 
RESIDENCE  SECTIONS. 


Lots. 


No. 


35 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
44 
45 
51 
52 
53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 

70 
72 
73 
74 
75 
76 
77 
78 
79 
80 
81 
82 
83 
85 


Area, 
square 
meters. 


2,212.3 
1,218.3 
1, 545. 6 
1,505.6 
1,000.0 
2, 650. 0 
2, 523. 32 
2,760.0 

39,676.97 
3,842.3 
3,880.0 
2,510.0 
4, 417. 23 
1,710.3 
3,061.35 
1,777.9 
2,725.30 
1,680.0 
2,379.04 
1,580.4 
2,037.20 
1,691.60 
1,513.64 
2,086.60 
1, 175. 63 
1,851.66 
4,993.40 

13,173.50 


39, 140. 00 

2,801.25 

2,231.18 

3,022.01 

2,514.68 

3,093.80 

8,538.40 

5,227.11 

10,918.00 

2,959.42 

2,230.08 

3,345.70 

38,684.00 

33,214.00 

34,181.65 

19,000.42 

39,596.00 

98,816.31 

100,233.98 

107,829.34 

8,000.00 

12,603.02 

7,887.12 

9,721.88 

5, 468. 98 

7,623.28 

3, 220. 79 

4,246.46 

3,131.23 

3,083.19 

12,633.64 

6,791.92 

5,828.87 

6,089.55 

8, 142. 85 

15,767.20 

12, 164. 37 

15, 718.  42 

16, 628. 18 

7,899.67 

10,105.41 

2, 922. 52 

4,352.96 

4,543.84 


Date  sold. 


May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

Apr.  15,1908 

May  28,1906 

Apr.  15,1908 

May  28,1906 

Apr.  15,1908 

May  28,1906 

Apr.  15,1908 

May  28,1906 

Jan.  6, 1908 

May  28,1906 

Apr.  15,1908 

Apr.  15,1908 

Apr.  15,1908 

Apr.  15,1908 

Jan.  6, 1908 

July  20,1906 


July  20,1906 
Jan.  6, 1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
Jan.  6, 1908 
Apr.  15,1908 
May  17,1909 
Apr.  15,1908 
Oct.   24,1908 


July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 


May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1900 

May  28,1906 

July  20,1900 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

May  28,1906 

May  28,1906 

July  20,1906 

May  28,1906 

July  20,1906 

May  28,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 

May  28,1906 

July  20,1906 

July  20,1906 


Name  of  purchaser. 


Filomena  Roces 

Filomena  Roces 

Mauro  Prieto 

Mauro  Prieto 

Benito  Valdez 

Benito  Valdez 

Demetrio  Tuason 

Demetrio  Tuason 

Dean  C.  Worcester 

Agusto  Tuason 

Agusto  Tuacon 

Mariano  Tuason 

Benito  Legarda 

Mariano  Tuason 

Benito  Legarda 

Juan  Tuason 

Antonio  Prieto 

Juan  Tuason 

Antonio  Prieto 

Teresa  Tuason 

F.  R.  Clute 

Teresa  Tuason 

Manuel  Gonzales 

Manuel  Gonzales 

Francisco  Gonzales 

Francisco  Gonzales 

J.  N.  Wolfson 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

O.S.Cole 

Isidore  Ibolson 

Isidoro  Ibolson 

Roman  Martinez 

Roman  Martinez 

W.  H.  Donovan 

Francicso  Bustamente 

Mateo  Carino 

R.  D.  Blanchard 

Antonio  Jiminez 

E.  A.  McClellan 

Matias  Gonzales 

Jos6  Gavito 

Philippines  Sugar  Estates  Dev.  Co.. 

E.  Gutierrez  y  Repide 

M.  E.  Mission 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

Archbishop  of  Manila 

C.H.  Brent 

V.  A.P 

H.  P.  Whitmarsh 

C.  P.  Hatheway 

Enric^ue  P.  Brias 

Ignacio  B.  de  Lis 

G.  H.  Guerdrum 

Mrs.  M.  McLeod 

Walter  E .  Olsen 

Rafael  del  Pan 

Jackson  A.  Due 

Francisco  Gutierrez 

R.H.Noble 

Mrs.  A.  M.  Campbell 

A.S.Ward 

Ariston  Bautista 

Francisco  Ortigas 

R.H.Noble 

Rafael  del  Pan 

Victorino  Mapa 

Luz  C.  de  Reves 

Manuel  Araullo 

C.  Shea 

John  D.  Amazeen 

Francisco  P.  Reyes 


Price  per 
square 
meter. 


TO. 


01 

01 

01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.02 
.01 
.015 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.04 
.01 
.04 
.01 
.09 
.01 
.07 
.01 
.04 
.01 
.05 
.08 
.10 
.15i 
.04 
.OOi 


.OOi 

.04 

.04 

.06 

.05i 

.041 

.06| 

.05^ 

.001 

.04 

.04 

.06 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.04 

.00| 

.00| 

.00§ 

.00| 

.06f 

.01 

.01 

.025 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.02 

.03 

.041 

.04^ 

.01 

.01 

.05 

.01 

.02 

.01 

.03 

.02i 

.051 

.02 

.01 

.04^ 

.05 


Total  cost. 


T22. 12  R 
12. 18  R 
15. 46  R 
15.00  ie 
10.0012 
26.50i2 
50.47i2 
27. 60  R 
595. 15  E 

38. 42  R 
38. 80  R 
25. 10  R 

176. 69  E 
17. 10  72 

122. 45  E 
11.78J2 

245. 28  R 
16. 80  R 

166. 53  R 
15. 80  R 
81. 49  E 
16. 92  R 
75.68 

166.93 

117.56 

287.01 

197. 74 

87.82 

6,200.00 

260. 93 

112.05  J^ 
89.25 

181. 32 

138. 31 

139. 22 
555. 00  E 
287.  49 

30.39 
118.38  E 
89. 20  E 
200. 74  E 
1,547.36 
1,328.56 
1,367.27 

760. 02 
263. 97 
618. 78 

668. 23 
359. 43 
533.  33 
126.  03  E 

78. 87  E 

243. 03  R 
54.69 
76.  23  E 
32.21 

284.  93 
93.  94  E 

146. 45  E 

568.51 
07. 92  E 
58. 29  E 

304. 48 

81. 43  E 
315.34^ 
121.64  .B 
471.55  E 
374. 13  E 
414.73 
202.11  E 

29.23 
195. 88  E 
227. 19 


1  Improvements  on  lot  No. 


464 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


STATEMENT  AND  INDEX  OF  LOTS    SOLD  IN  BAGUIO  TOWNSITE,   SEPTEMBER,   1910 — COn. 

Statement  of  sale  of  Baguio  town-site  lots — Continued. 
RESIDENCE  SECTIONS— Continued. 


Lots. 

Area, 
square 
meters. 

Date  sold. 

Name  of  purchaser. 

Price  per 
square 
mile. 

Sec. 

No. 

Total  cost. 

D 

4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36 
37 
38 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
.53 
54 
55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
68 
69 
70 
71 
72 
73 
74 
75 
1 
2 
3 

8,597.71 
7,583.54 
4,388.76 
6,418.80 
12,353.78 
4,506.72 
7,178.36 
13,080.34 
6,708.14 
3,937.98 
7,606.16 
5,051.84 
9,307.24 
5,266.79 
2,768.57 
5;  434. 82 
8,171.32 
5,027.13 
5,383.65 
7, 123.  54 
3, 807.  02 
13,323.32 
7, 122.  23 
7,269.00 
8,027.50 
9, 754. 18 
3,875.57 
9, 874.  73 
9,347.56 
8,448.62 
5,227.96 
3, 690.  82 
2, 193. 43 
1,648.23 
976.  96 
3,388.98 
4, 100.  m 
6,846.49 
7,215.13 
6, 728.  44 
1,990.23 
345, 473.  97 
11,579.46 
2, 774.  09 
7,503.60 
3,277.00 
2,850.80 
4,498.43 
7,984.56 
3,829.95 
7,758.90 
7,017.01 
6,039.13 
9,379.65 
3,933.07 
6,000.00 
6,000.00 
6,000.00 
8,981.22 
8,851.55 
6,783.72 
5,885.70 
5,865.98 
36,914.88 
27,685.15 
5,814.62 
3,641.96 
2,602.44 
74.5. 18 
23,074.42 
9,766.19 
5,986.97 
6, 727.  60 

May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1900 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July  20,1906 
May   28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May   28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May   28,1906 
May   28,1906 
May  28.1906 
May   28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28.1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28.1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  20,1906 
May  28,1906 
May  28.1906 
July  20,1906 
Mav  28.1906 
May  2«,1906 
May  28,1906 
May   28.1906 
Mav  28,1906 
Mav  28,1906 
Mav   28,1906 
July  20.1906 
July   20,1906 
Mav   28.1906 
May  28,1906 
July  20,1906 
July   20,1906 
July  20,1906 
July   20,1906 

IT.  E.  Stafford 

F0.01 
.03 
.  05.^ 
.031 
.05 
.06 
.06J 
.05i 
.051 
.05 
.04 
.05 
.021 
.031 
.03i 
.02| 
.021 
.025 
.05 
.01 
.025 
.01 
.055 
.01 
.03 
.02 
.02 
.01 
.015 
.01 
.015 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.  065 
.05 
.09 
.035 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.001 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.06 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.05 
.02 
.03 
•Olf 
.02 
.02 
.03^ 
.05 
.05 
.13 
.04 
.04 
.04 
.06 

5P85  98  E 

D 

11.  E.Stafford 

227  51  E 

D 

Rafael  Reyes...   . 

241  38 

D 

Gregorio  Araneta 

240  71  E 

D 

Fanstino  Perez... 

617  69 

D 

M.  Limjap 

270  40 

D 

M.  Limjap 

466  59 

D 

Rafael  Reyes 

686  72 

D 

Jos6  Sil  vestre 

352  18 

D 

Maria  S.  Lopez 

196  90 

D 

Fernandez  Hermanos 

304  25 

T) 

Arcadio  Rosario 

252  59  E 

D 

Manuel  Goiti.. 

255  95  E 

D 

W.  D.  Prideaux 

197  50  E 

D 

Manuel  Goiti 

89  98  E 

D 

A.  B.  Powell 

149  46  E 

D 

S.  del  Rosario 

224  71  E 

D 

A.  C.  Carson 

125  68  E 

D 

A.C.Carson 

269  18  J5 

D 

L.  A.Clark 

71  24 

D 

Mrs.  A.  M.  Campbell 

95  18  E 

D 

H.  L.  Higgins 

133  23 

D 

H.  L,  Higgins 

391  72 

D 

C.  A.  Stevens 

72  69 

T) 

C.M.Jenkins 

240  83 

D 

C.  M.  Jenkins 

195  08 

D 

F.  W.  Prising 

77  51 

\) 

West  G.  Smith... 

98  75 

D 

West  G.  Smith 

140. 21 

D 

J.  Marshall 

84  49 

D 

J,  Marshall 

78  42 

D 

W.J.  Mallory 

36  91  E 

D 

W.  J.  Mallory 

21.93  E 

D 

A.  Muscat 

16  48 

D 

F.  W.  Prising 

63  50 

r> 

C.  A.  Stevens... 

169  45 

P 

F.  Muscat 

369  05 

D 

Mr.  Parsons. 

239  63  E 

T> 

Mercedes  McLeod 

72  15 

D 

MissM.  McLeod... 

67  28 

D 

Mrs.  A.  Kingcome 

19  90 

D 

Baguio  Country  Club  ^ 

2,303. 20  ER 
115  79 

V> 

Mrs.  de  Lis 

D 

A.  Bertran  de  Lis 

27  74 

T) 

Mrs.  M.  McLeod 

75  04 

T) 

Dr.  R.  P.  Strong 

32  71  E 

T> 

Dr.  R.  P.  Strong 

28.51  E 

J) 

E.  C.  McCullough 

44  98 

D 

E.  C.  McCullough 

79.85 

D 

S.  O.  Scudder 

38  30  E 

D 

H.  P.  Whitmarsh 

11.  59  E 

0 

P.  G.  McDonnell 

70  17  E 

n 

J.  R.  Wilson 

60. 39  E 

D 

T.C.Kinney 

562  78 

D 

G.  C.  Schweickert 

39.  33  E 

D 

Josefina  Luzuriaga 

60  00  JK 

T) 

Josefina  Luzuriaga 

50  m  R 

T) 

A.  B .  de  Lis,  jr 

50.00 

D 

W.  H.  Donovan 

89  81  E 

r> 

John  T.  McLeod 

427. 58 

D 

A.O.Zinn 

135  67  E 

T) 

D.  D.  Douglas 

176.57  E 

D 

O.S.Cole 

102  65  E 

D 

W.  Cameron  Forbes 

738. 30  E 

n 

W.  Cameron  Forbes 

553. 70  E 

D 

C.  A.  Stevens 

C.  M.  Jenkins 

203. 51 
182.10 

I) 

F.W.  Prising.                       

130. 12 

r> 

T.  L.  Ilartigan 

96.87 

D 

Hongking  &  Sh.  Bank       .     . 

922. 98 

F 

Jan.     6. 1908 
Jan.     6,1908 
Mar.  15.1909 

Felipe  Zamora 

390. 65 

F 

Vicente  Miranda 

239. 48 

F 

A.  D.  Tanner 

403.  66  E 

1  Baguia  Country  Club,  acorporation,  many  members  of  which  are  Government  employees  or  relatives. 


ADMINISTBATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


465 


STATEMENT  AND  INDEX   OF  LOTS   SOLD  IN   BAGUIO    TOWNSITE,    SEPTEMBER,    1910 — COD. 

Statement  of  sales  of  Baguio  town-site  lots — Continued. 
RESIDENCE  SECTIONS— Continued. 


Lots. 


Sec. 


No. 


Area, 
square 
meters. 


038. 17 
749. 68 
970. 66 
,333.09 
554. 63 
821. 99 
066. 96 
056. 25 
441. 98 
404. 79 
315. 40 
707. 19 
573.88 
,577.92 
983. 27 
333.36 
;28. 15 
972. 70 
972.  70 
487.  97 
231. 23 
612.  50 
062.  50 
,734.38 
093.  75 
595.  50 
724. 16 
274.  93 
,464.83 
166.  56 
427.  05 
009.  48 
762.  03 
225. 16 
665.  45 
716.  96 
032.23 
125.  36 
013.30 
990.  69 
787.  88 
, 263.  03 
535.  55 
.  683.  00 
,  103.  00 
,  697.  00 
,  180.  00 
,  174.  00 
, 153.  00 
,  375.  00 
,  458.  00 
,  270.  00 
,841.00 
,141.00 
,327.00 
, 453.  02 
,318.00 
,267.00 
,251.00 
,  196.  00 
,  307.  00 
,159.00 
975.  05 
,444.00 
730. 00 
, 832.  00 
, 386. 00 
,341.00 
:,548.41 
090.00 
040.00 
,212.80 
[,003.00 
942.09 


Date  sold. 


Jan. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Apr. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Jan, 
Jan. 
Jan. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
July 
July 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 
May 

July 

May 
July 
May 
July 
May 
July 
May 
May 
May 
May 
Oct. 
May 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 


6, 1908 

6, 1908 

6,1908 

15, 1908 

6,1908 

6,1908 

6, 1908 

15,1908 

15,1908 

15,1908 

15, 1908 

6, 1908 

6, 1908 

6, 1908 

6, 1908 

6, 1908 

6. 1908 
6,1908 

15, 1908 
15, 1908 
20, 1906 
20, 1906 
28, 1906 
28, 1906 
28, 1906 
28, 1906 
28, 1906 
28, 1906 
28,1906 
28, 1906 
20, 1906 
28, 1906 
20, 1906 
28, 1906 
20, 1906 
28, 1900 
20, 1906 
28, 1900 
28, 1900 
28, 1900 
28, 1900 

9. 1909 
28, 1900 
24, 1908 
24,1908 
24,  1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 

9,1909 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24,1908 
24,1908 

9, 1909 
24,1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 

9, 1909 
24. 1908 
24, 1908 

9, 1909 
24, 1908 

9, 1909 


Name  of  purchaser. 


A.  M.  Easthagen 

E.  H.Cole 

G.  W.  Beattie 

W.  M.  Haube 

Vicente  Reyes 

Carl  Hess 

M.  E.  Cuyugan 

Edna  R.  Schley 

Gregorio  Araneta 

E.  R.  Forbes 

J.  R.  Wilson 

M.  W.  Mumma 

M.  E.  Cuyugan 

M.  W.  Mumma 

Carlos  Cuguyan 

Carlos  Cuguyan 

J,  B.  Thomas 

A.  M.  Easthagen 

Petrona  Napktl 

Petrona  Napkil 

J.  A.Scott 

J.  A.  Hamilton 

John  T.  McLeod 

G.  H.  Guerdrum 

Enrique  Brias 

Enrique  P.  Brias 

C.  Sackernian 

Harry  E.  Smith 

C.  Saekerman 

H.  E.  Smith 

L.  J.  Lambert 

C.  E.  Conant 

J.  P.  Heilbronn 

John  J.  Knust 

Thomas  Tolman 

J.  Fox 

J.  W.  Longaker 

C.  E.  Conant 

J.  W.  Houston 

T.  JI.  P.  deTavera... 
T.  II.  P.  deTavera... 

R.  J.  Andrews 

Father  Fidel  Mir 

Francisco  Yandoc 

Domingo  L.  Diaz 

Jose  Mcndoza 

Juan  Zarato 

Ciriaco  Ferrer 

Tomas  Anchita 

Lauriano  Rosario 

Gregorio  Gal  van 

J.  W.  Smith 

Marcel ino  C.  Garcia. . . 

Mateo  Marques 

Manuel  Fernandina. . . 

Zoilo  Tolentino 

Frank  Danao 

Juan  Josue 

Santiago  Salas 

Fabian  Camiling 

Baltazer  A  bona 

J^ucio  Almazan 

Isidore  Tolentino 

laicio  .\lma7,an 

Frank  Danao 

Tomas  Anchita 

J.  O.  Wagner 

V.  O.  Castro 

Consuelo  de  Cuyugan. 
Baltazar  Abena 

F.  J.  Diaz 

Fausta  Floresca 

Zoilo  Tolentino 

Consuelo  de  Cuyugan . 


Price  per 
square 
mile. 


TO. 


04 
04J 
.04 
.05 
.04 
.04 
.04 
.04 
.04 
.04i 
.04^ 
.04i 
.07i 
.04^ 
.  06} 
.04 
.08 
.04 
.04 
.05i 
.02"" 
.02 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.02 
.Oli 
.01 
.02 
.01 
.  03i 
.  0()5 
.05 
.015 
.01 
.04» 
.  00§ 
.  03.^ 
.  05 
.01 
.06 
.01 
.02^, 

.of 

.  01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

•  OU 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.01 


Total  cost. 


T3Q1.5SE 

443. 42  E 

358. 82  E 

366. 65  E 

342. 19 

392. 88 

362. 68 

402. 25 

377. 68  E 

243. 22 

239. 19  E 

200. 06 

493.04 

251.00 

373. 95 

293. 33 

538. 25  E 

278. 51  E 

231.  69 

191. 84 
84.62 

112. 25 
40.63 
67. 34  E 
70.  94  R 
65. 95  R 
97. 24  E 
52.  75  E 
64.  65  E 
31.67  E 
84.27 
20. 19  E 

122. 05 
22.25 
73.31 
27.17 
98.  55  E 
73.15  E 
50.  67 
59. 95  E 
77. 88  E 

852. 27  E 

908.  45 
57. 10 
55. 15  E 
16.  97  E 
70.80 
11.74 
28. 83  E 
13.75 
24.  58  E 
12.  70  E 
18.41 
11.41 
13.27 
14.  53  E 
13.18  E 

12.  07 
12.51 
31.90 

13.  07 
11.59  E 

9.80 
?4.  44  E 

7.30  E 
18. 32  E 
23. 86  E 
20. 12  E 
25.48 
10.90 
30.40 
12.13 
30. 03  E 
19.42 


466 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


STATEMENT  AND  INDEX   OF  LOTS   SOLD   IN    BAGUIO   TOWNSITE,    SEPTEMBER,  1910 — COIl. 

Statement  of  sales  of  Baguio  town-site  lots — Continued. 
RESIDENCE   SECTIONS— Continued. 


Lots. 

Area, 
square 
meters. 

Date  sold. 

Name  of  purchaser. 

Price  per 
square 
mile. 

Sec. 

No. 

Total  cost. 

K 

36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
48 
49 
51 
53 
65 
67 
69 
61 
63 
65 
67 
68 

1, 456. 64 
1,835.92 
1,774.00 
1,961.86 
1,601.00 

944.00 
1,097.00 
1,928.00 
1,517.00 
2, 334. 55 
1,067.00 

751.00 
3, 291. 00 
2, 844. 00 
2, 142. 00 
2,399.69 
2, 605. 03 
1,980.61 
1,988.62 
3, 408. 00 
1,747.00 
1,059.00 
163, 855. 79 

Apr. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Apr. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Apr. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 
Oct. 

22,1910 

9, 1909 
24, 1908 

9, 1909 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
19, 1910 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
19, 1910 
19, 1910 
19, 1910 

9, 1909 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 
24, 1908 

9, 1909 

Mariano  Ponce 

TO.  01§ 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 
.01 J 
.01 
.09i 
.01 
.01 
.01 

.ou 

.Oli 

.Oli 

.01 

.01 

.01 

.10 

.00  J 

F21.85 

K 

E.  Gutierrez  y  Repide 

18.36 

K 

J.  C.  Wagner 

17. 74  E 

K 

Felix  Bautista 

19  62 

K 

Marcelino  Garcia 

16.01 

K 

Donato  Baldanado . 

9  44 

K 

V.O.Castro 

10.97  E 

K 

CiritoBelvis 

19.28 

K 

Angel  Menor 

15.17 

K 

Donato  Teodoro 

35. 02  E 

K 

Angel  Menor 

10  67 

K 
K 
K 
K 

Domingo  L.  Diaz 

F.J.Diaz 

Fabian  Camiling 

Cornelio  Pineda 

71.34^ 
32.91 
28.44 
21.42 

K 

Hermogenes  Reyes 

36. 00  E 

K 

Epifanio  Reyes 

39.08 

K 

Hermogenes  Reyes. 

29  71  E 

K 

Melquiades  Floresca 

19. 89  E 

K 

Jose  Mendoza 

34. 08  E 

K 

Melquiadez  Floresca 

17.47  E 

K 

Juan  Zarate 

105  90 

K 

Jesuit  Miss.  Society 

546. 19 

Block. 


LOTS  IN  BUSINESS  SECTION  "A"  SOLD  ON  JULY  20,  1906. 


Lot. 

Square 
meters. 

1 

450. 00 

2 

450.  00 

3 

450.  00 

4 

450. 00 

5 

450. 00 

6 

450.  00 

7 

450.00 

8 

450.  00 

9 

450. 00 

10 

450.  00 

11 

450.  00 

12 

450.  00 

1 

450. 00 

2 

450.  00 

3 

450. 00 

4 

450. 00 

5 

450. 00 

6 

450.00 

7 

450. 00 

8 

450. 00 

9 

450.  00 

10 

450. 00 

11 

450. 00 

12 

450. 00 

1 

479. 90 

2 

450. 00 

3 

450. 00 

4 

450. 00 

5 

450. 00 

6 

450. 00 

7 

450.  00 

8 

450.  00 

9 

m.  36 

10 

775.  05 

11 

675.  00 

12 

675.00 

1 

562.  60 

2 

614.  56 

3 

450.00 

4 

450.00 

5 

450.00 

6 

450.00 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Price  per 
square  mile, 


II.  S.King 

Frederick  O'Brien 
J.  W.  Longaker... 
H.  P.  Whitmarsh. 

H.S.King 

J.  E.  Mallory 

W.  H.  Mclntyre. . 
J.  W.  Longaker... 
Alfredo  Roensch.. 

W.  E.  Olsen 

J.  W.  Marker 

Harry  Thurber... 
F.  J.  Higham 

F.  J.  Higham 

George  Rouse 

George  Rouse 

D.  F.  Maloney 

D.  F.  Maloney 

H.B.IIanford 

T.  B.Tolman 

L.  J.  Lambert 

J.  P.  Ileilbronn 

T.  B.Tolman 

L.J.  Lambert 

F.A.Churchill.... 

E.  E.  Elser 

J.  W.  Anderson 

C.  M.Jenkins 

C.  M.  Jenkins 

G.  H.  Guerdrum.. 
G.  H.  Guerdrum.. 

R.  H.  Noble 

W.  Jessup 

W.  Jessup 

C.  Shea 

C.  Shea 

H.  P.  Whitmarsh. 
J.  P.  Heilbronn... 

P.J.  O'Neil 

P.J.  O'Neil 

P.  M.  Jones 

P.  M.  Jones 


TO. 


03J 
03J 
.034 
•  03J 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.055 
.  03-4 
.034 
.034 
.071 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.04 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 
.034 


Total  cost. 


F15.00 
15.00 
15.00  E 
15.00.6; 
15.00 
15.  00  E 
15. 00  E 
15. 00  E 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 
26.00 
15.76 
15.00 
15.00 
34.00 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00  £ 
18.00 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 
16.00  E 
15.00 
15. 00  E 
15.00 
15.00 
15.  00  E 
15.  00  E 
15.00.E 
26.35 
25.84 
22.50 
22.60 
18.  75  E 
17.60 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 


ADMIKISTKATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 


467 


STATEMENT  AND   INDEX   OF  LOTS   SOLD  IN  BAGUIO   TOWNSITE,    SEPTEMBER,  1910 — COIl. 

Statement  of  sales  of  Baguio  town-site  lots — Continued . 
LOTS  IN  BUSINESS  SECTION  "A"  SOLD  ON  JULY  20,  1906— Continued. 


Block. 

Lot. 

Square 
meters. 

4 

7 

450. 00 

4 

8 

450. 00 

4 

9 

450.  00 

4 

10 

659. 25 

4 

11 

450. 00 

4 

12 

450.00 

4 

13 

450. 00 

4 

14 

450. 00 

5 

1 

450. 00 

5 

2 

380.  70 

5 

3 

450.00 

5 

4 

450.00 

6 

1 

450.00 

6 

2 

380.00 

6 

3 

450. 00 

6 

4 

450.00 

Name  of  purchaser. 


Price  per 
square  mile, 


Total  cost. 


R.  H.  Noble. . . 
R.  C.  Hosty... 
R.  C.  Hosty... 
H.  B.  Hanford. 
J.  A.  Hamilton 
J.  A.  Hamilton 
C.  Backmeister 
C.  A.  Stevens.. 
C.  Kingcome. . 
C.  Kingcome . . 
D.M.Clark... 
D.M.Clark... 

F.  S.  Jones 

F.  S.  Jones 

R.  H.  Wood... 
R.  H.  Wood... 


TO.  03^ 
.03^ 

•  03i 

•  03A 
.03J 
.03^ 
.03j 
•03J 
.04§ 
.0394 
.03J 
.041 

•  osf 

.0394 
.031 
.071 


F15. 00  E 
15.00 
15.00 
21.  98  E 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00 
15.00^ 
21.00 
15.00 
15.00 
22. 00 
26.  00 
15.00 
17.00 
33.  50 


LOTS  IN  BUSINESS  SECTION  "B"  SOLD  ON  OCTOBER  9,1909. 


Benguet  Commercial  Company,  Limited  . 

...do 

....do 

....do 

....do 

-...do 

...do 

...do 

...-do 

...do 

....do 

...do 

....do 

...do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 


2 

lA 

391.76 

2 

2A 

74.64 

2 

3A 

23.85 

2 

4A 

12.66 

2 

5A 

51.30 

3 

lA 

404. 76 

3 

2A 

149. 16 

3 

9A 

281.93 

3 

lOA 

504. 67 

3 

llA 

675.00 

3 

12A 

675. 00 

4 

llA 

278.  78 

4 

12  A 

235. 32 

4 

13A 

204. 35 

4 

14A 

261.43 

5 

lA 

450. 00 

5 

2A 

430. 74 

5 

3A 

431. 75 

5 

4A 

310. 58 

6 

lA 

450.00 

6 

2A 

290. 24 

6 

3A 

219. 75 

6 

4A 

202. 88 

F0.60 

F235.0() 

.60 

44.78 

.60 

14.31 

.60 

7.60 

.60 

30.  78 

.60 

242.86 

.60 

89.50 

.60 

169. 16 

.60 

302.80 

.60 

405.00 

.60 

405.00 

.60 

167. 27 

.60 

141.19 

.60 

122.61 

.60 

156.86 

.00 

270. 00 

.60 

258. 44 

.60 

259.05 

.60 

186. 35 

.60 

270. 00 

.60 

174.14 

.60 

131.85 

.60 

121.73 

LOTS  IN  BUSINESS  SECTION  "C"  SOLD  MARCH  5,1909. 


2,838.20     Domingo  L.  Diaz. 


ro.60       Fl,702.82 


Index  of  lots  sold  in  Baguio  town  site. 

Note.— First  figure  indicates  number  of  page;  letter  indicates  section,  and  second  figure  indicates  num- 
ber of  lot. 

RESIDENCE    SECTIONS. 


Abena,  Baltazar,  8  K/20;  K/30. 

Almazan,  Lucio,  7  k/22;  K/24. 

Amazeen,  John  D.,  3  D/2. , 

Anchita,  Tomas,  7  K/8;  8  K/26. 

Araneta,  Gregorio,  3  D/7;  6  F/14. 

Araullo,  Manuel,  3  C/32. 

Archbishop  of  Manila,  2  A/69;  2  A/70;  2  B/2;  2  B/3;  2  Improvements  on  Lot  69. 

Andrews,  R.  J.,  7  J/1. 

Baldonado,  Dona  to,  8  K/41. 

Bautista,  Ariston,  3  C/23. 

Bautista,  Petrona,  6  F/25. 


468  ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Bautista,  Felix,  8  K/39. 

Baguio  Country  Club,  4  D/47. 

Beattie,  G.  W.,  6  F/6. 

Belvis,  Cirito,.8K/43. 

Blanchard,  R.  D.,  2  A/80. 

Brent,  C.  H.,  2  B/4. 

Brias,  Enrique,  2  C/5;  6  H/5;  6  H/6. 

Bustaments,  Francisco,  2  A/78. 

Camiling,  Fabian,  7  K/19;  8  K/51. 

Campbell,  Mrs.  A.  M.,  3  C/20;  4  D/24. 

Carino,  Mateo,  2  A/79. 

Carson,  A.  C,  4  D/21;  4  D/22. 

Castro,  V.  0.,  8  K/28;  8  K/42. 

Clute,  F.  R.,  1  A/62. 

Cole,  E.  H.,  6  F/5. 

Cole,  O.  S.,  2  A/72;  5  D/68. 

Clarke,  L.  A.,  4  D/23. 

Conant,  C.  E.,  6  H/12;  7  H/18. 

Cuyugan,  M.  E.,  6  F/12;  6  F/18. 

Cuyugan,  Carlos,  6  F/20;  6  F/21. 

Cuyugan,  Consuelo,  8  K/35. 

Danao,  Frank,  7  K/16;  8  K/25. 

Diaz,  Domingo  L.,  7  K/4;  8  K/48. 

Diaz,  F.  J.,  8K/31;  8  K/49. 

Donovan,  W.  H.,  2  A/77;  5  D/64. 

Douglas,  D.  D.,  5  D/67. 

Due,  Jackson,  3  C/17. 

Easthagen,  A.  M.  6  F/4;  6  F/23. 

Fernandino,  Manuel,  7  K/14. 

Ferrer,  Ciriaco,  7  K/7. 

Floresca,  Fausta,  8  K/32. 

Floresca,  Melquiadez,  8  K/GS;  8  K/61. 

Forbes,  W.  Cameron,  5  D/69;  5  D/70. 

Forbes,  E.  R.  6  F/15. 

Fox,  J.  7  H/16. 

Fernandez,  ilermanos  3  D/14. 

Gal  van,  Gregorio,  7  K/10. 

Garcia,  Marcelino,  7  K/12;  8  K/40. 

Gavito,  Jos^  2  A/85. 

Goiti,  Manuel,  4  D/16;  4  D/18. 

Gonzales,  Francisco,  1  A/66;  2  A/6' 

Gonzales,  Manuel,  2  A/64;  2  A/65. 

Gonzales,  Matias,  2  A/83. 

Guerdrum  G.  H.  3  C/9;  6  H/4. 

Gutierrez,  Francisco  3  C/18. 

Gutierrez,  Eduardo  y  Repide,  8  K/37. 

Hamilton,  J.  A.  6  H/2. 

Hartigan,  T.  L.  5  D/74. 

Hatheway,  C.  P.  2  C/3. 

Haube,  W.  M.  6  F/8. 

Heilbronn,  J.  P.  6  H/13. 

Hermanos,  Fernandez,  3  D/14. 

Hess,  Carl  6  F/H. 

Higgins,  H.  L.  4  D/25;  4  D/26. 

Houston,  John  W.  7  H/19. 

Hongkong-Shanghai  Bank,  5  D/75. 

Ibolson,  Isidoro,  2  A/73;  A/74. 

Jenkins,  C.  M.  4  D/28;  4  D/29;  5  D/72. 

Jesuit  Missionary  Society,  9  K/68. 

Jiminez,  Antonio,  2  A/81. 

Josue,  Juan,  7  K/17. 

Kingcome,  Mrs.  A.  4  D/46. 

Kinney,  T.  C.  5  D/59. 

Knust,  John  J.  7  H/14. 

Lambert,  Leon  J.  6  H/11. 

Legarda,  Benito  1  A/54;  1  A/56. 

Limjap,  M.  3D/9;  3  D/10. 

Lis,  A.  Bertran  de,  5  D/49. 


ADMINISTBATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  469 


Lis,  A.  Bertran  de,  Jr.  5  D/63. 

Lis,  Ignacio  B.  de,  3  C/7. 

Lis,  Mrs.  de,  5  D/48. 

Longaker,  John  W.  7  H/17. 

Lopez,  Maria  S.  3  D/13. 

Luzuriaga,  Josefina,  5  D/61;  5  D/62. 

Mallory,  J.  4  D/35;  4  D/36. 

Manade,  M.  6  F/27. 

Manuel,  Juan,  7  K/21;  8  K/34. 

Mapa,  Victorino,  3  C/28. 

Marshall,  J.  4  D/33;  4  D/34. 

Marquez,  Mateo,  7  K/13, 

Martinez,  Roman,  2  A/75. 

McClellan,  Edgar  A.  2  A/82. 

McCullough,  E.  C.  5  D/53;  5  D/54. 

McLeod,  John  T.  5  D/65;  6  H/3. 

McLeod,  Mrs.  M.  3  C/11;  5  D/50. 

McLeod,  Miss  Mary  E.  4  D/44. 

McLeod,  Mercedes,  4  D/43. 

McDonnell,  P.  G.  5  D/57. 

Mendoza,  Jos6  7  K/5;  8  K/63. 

Menor,  Angel,  8  K/44;  8  K/46. 

Mir,  Father  Midel,  7  K/1. 

Miranda,  Vicente,  5  F/2. 

Mission,  M.  E.  2  B/1. 

Muscat,  A.  4  D/37. 

Muscat,  F.  4  D/41. 

Mumma,  M.  W.  6  F/17;  6  F/19. 

Napkil,  Petrona,  6  F/24;  6  F/25. 

Noble,  R.  H.  3  C/19;  3  C/26. 

Olsen,  Walter  E.  3  C/13. 

Ortigas,  Francisco  3  C/25. 

Pan,  Rafael  del,  3  C/15;  3  C.27. 

Parsons,  Mr.  4  D/42. 

Perez,  Faustino  3  D/8. 

Philippines  Est.  Sugar  Dev.  Co.  2  A/86. 

Pineda,  Camilio  8  K/53. 

Ponce,  Mariano,  8  K/36. 

Powell,  A.  B.4D/19. 

Prideauz,  W.  D.  4  D/17. 

Prieto,  Mauro,  1  A/38;  1  A/39. 

Prieto,  Antonio,  1  A/58;  1  A/60. 

Prising,  F.  W.  4  D/30;  4  D/38;  5  D/73. 

Reyes,  Francisco  P.  3  D/3. 

Reyes,  Epifanio,  8  K/57. 

Reyes,  Hermogenes,  8  K/55;  8  K/59. 

Reyes,  Luz  C.  de  3  C/29.  , 

Reyes,  Rafael,  3  D/6;  3  D/11.  « 

Reyes,  Vicente  6  F/10. 

Roces,  Filomena,  1  A/35;  1  A/37. 

Rosario,  Arcadio,  4  D/15. 

Rosario,  S.  del,  4  D/20. 

Rosario,  Lauranio,  7  K/9. 

Sackerman,  C.  6  H/7;  6  H/9. 

Salas,  Santiago,  7  K/15. 

Schley,  Edna  R.  6  F/13. 

Schweickert,  G.  0.  5  D/60. 

Scott,  J.  A.  6  H/1. 

Scudder,  S.  0.  5  D/55. 

Shea,  C.  3  D/1. 

Silvestre,  Jos6  3  D/12. 

Smith,  Harry  E.  6  H/8;  6  H/10. 

Smith,  J.  W.  7  K/IL 

Smith,  West  G.  4  D/31;  4  D/32. 

Stafford,  H.  Eugene,  3  D/4;  3  D/5. 

Stevens,  C.  A.  4  D/27;  4  D/40;  5  D/71. 

Strong,  Dr.  R.  P.  5  D/51;  5  D/52. 


470  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Tanner,  A.  D.  5  F/3. 
Tavera,  T.  H.  P.  de,  7  H/20;  7  H/21. 
Teodoro,  Donato,  8  K/45. 
Thomas,  J.  B.  6  F/22. 
Tolentino,  Isidore,  7  K/23. 
Tolentino,  Zoilo;  8  K/33;  8  K/45. 
Tolman,  Thomas,  7  H/15. 
Tuason,  Agusto,  1  A/51;  1  A/52. 
Tuason,  Demetrio,  1  A/42;  1  A/44. 
Tuason,  Juan,  1  A/57;  1  A/59. 
Tuason,  Mariano,  1  A/53;  1  A/55. 
Tuason,  Teresa,  1  A/61;  1  A/63. 
Valdez,  Benito  1  A/40;  1  A/41. 
V.  A.  P.  2  B/9. 
Wagner,  J.  O.  8  K/27;  8  K/38. 
Ward,  A.  S.  3  C/21. 
Whitmarsh,  H.  P.  2  C/1;  5  D/56. 
Wilson,  J.  R.  5D/58;  6  F/16. 
Wolfson,  J.  N.2A/68. 
Worcester,  Dean  C.  1  A/45. 
Yandoc,  Francisco  7  K/3. 
Zamora,  Felipe  5  F/1. 
Zarate,  Juan  7  K/6;  9  K/67. 
Zinn,  A.  O.  5  D/66. 

BUSINESS    SECTIONS. 

[Note.— First  figure  indicates  number  of  page;  letter  indicates  section;  second  figure  indicates  block  num- 
ber; and  third  figure  lot  number.] 

Anderson,  J.  W.  10  A/3/3. 

Backmeister,  C.  11  A/4/13. 

Benguet  Commercial  Company,  Limited,  12  B/2/1A  to  5A  inc.;  12  B/3/1A,  2A,  lOA 

to  12A  inc.;  12  B/4/11A  to  14A  inc.;  12  B/5/1A  to  4A  inc.;  12  B/6/1A  to  4A  inc. 
Churchill,  F.  A.  10  A/3/1. 
Clarke,  D.  M.  11  A/5/3;  11  A/5/4. 
Diaz,  Domingo,  12  C/  /I. 
Elser,  E.  E.  10  A/3/2. 
Guerdrum,  Geo.  H.  11  A/3/6;  11  A/3/7. 
Hamilton,  J.  A.  11  A/4/11;  11  A/4/12. 
Hanford,  H.  B.  10  A/2/7;  11  A/4/10. 
Heilbronn,  J.  P.  10  A/2/10;  11  A/4/2. 
Higham,  F.  J.  10  A/2/1;  10  A/2/2. 
Hosty,  R.  C.  11  A/4/8;  11  A/4/9. 

RECAPITULATION. 

Residence  lots: 

Total  number 243 

To  employees 94 

To  relatives 23 

Business  lots: 

Total 82 

Employees 15 

Total  lots  sold 325 

Total  to  employees 109 

Total  to  relatives 23 


SALE  OF  FRIAR  LANDS  IN  THE  PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS. 


House  of  Representatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

Tuesday,  December  20,  1910. 

The  committee  this  day  met,  Hon.  Edgar  D.  Crumpacker  (acting 
chairman)  presiding. 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman),  Crumpacker,  Hamilton,  Hubbard  of  Iowa, 
Crraham  of  Pennsylvania,  Parsons,  Madison,  Douglas,  Jones,  Page, 
Garrett,  Denver,  Helm,  and  Rucker  of  Colorado. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Gentlemen,  yesterday  Mr.  Martin  submitted  15 
questions  to  be  asked  of  Mr.  Carpenter  and  he  said  that  he  would  be 
willing  for  Mr.  Carpenter  to  answer  those  questions  in  writing  in  view 
of  the  fact  that  Mr.  Carpenter  wanted  to  get  away  last  night.  Mr. 
Carpenter  has  answered  the  c[uestions  in  writing  and  I  have  here  the 
questions  and  answers,  and  if  the  committee  desires  to  hear  them  I 
will  read  them. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  suggest  that  they  be  read  by  the  clerk  for  the 
information  of  the  committee. 

Mr.  Page.  I  suggest  that  they  be  entered  on  the  record  without 
reading. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  They  might  throw  light  on  some  future  inquiry. 

Mr.  Page.  Then  I  withdraw  the  suggestion. 

Mr.  Crumpacker  read  the  questions  and  answers  as  follows : 

Q.  How  far  is  nearest  point  of  Carpenter  purchase  from  the  railroad  by  the  nearest 
road? — A.  Approximately  4  miles  to  the  railway  station  of  Polo. 

Q.  Has  this  road  been  improved  by  the  Insular  Government  or  otherwise  since 
Carpenter's  purchase? — A.  To  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief  this  road  (Nova- 
liches  to  Polo)  has  not  been  improved  by  the  Insular  Government  or  otherwise  since 
my  entry  on  the  Tala  estate  in  1908,  and  it  is  passable  for  wheeled  vehicles  only 
during  the  dry  season  of  the  year. 

Q.  Is  the  growth  of  Manila  in  the  direction  of  the  Carpenter  purchase? — A.  It  is 
not,  nor  is  it  probable  for  many  years,  if  ever,  as  the  principal  cemetery  of  Manila  is 
in  the  part  of  the  city  lying  in  the  direction  of  the  Tala  estate,  and  adjacent  lands 
just  outside  of  the  city  limits,  through  which  the  Manila-Novaliches  Road  passes,  are 
too  low  to  be  desirable  for  building  purposes  when  considered  in  comparison  with 
lands  in  other  directions  from  and  adjacent  to  the  city.  The  desirable  resident  and 
business  sections  of  the  city  are  extending,  and  by  reason  of  port  construction  and  for 
other  reasons  must  be  expected  to  extend  in  the  opposite  direction,  or  toward  Cavite. 

Q.  What  trolley  or  other  means  of  transportation  are  under  way  or  proposed  to,  by, 
or  through  the  Carpenter  tract? — A.  No  trolley,  or  other  means  oi  transportation  euch 
as  railways,  tramways,  etc.,  are  under  way,  or  probable  for  an  indefinite  period  in  the 
future,  if  ever,  to  pass  by  or  through  the  Tala  estate  nearer  than  the  present  main  line 
of  the  Manila  and  Dagupan  Railway,  with  its  station  at  Polo,  mentioned  in  the  answer 
to  the  first  question. 

Q.  How  many  Filipino  tenants  have  you  and  how  much  lands  have  you  subrented 
to  them? — ^A.  Approximately  80.    It  is  impossible  for  me  to  state  with  precision  the 

471 


472  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

number  of  tenants  I  have  at  the  present  time,  as  the  harvest  of  upland  rice  was  com- 
pleted about  the  time  I  left  Manila,  and  perhaps  some  tenants  have  terminated  their 
relation  to  me  because  of  entering  employment  in  Manila  or  for  other  analogous  reasons, 
and  doubtless  additional  tenants  have  been  secured  for  the  ensuing  year  by  my 
manager,  who  reported  to  me  before  my  departure  that  quite  a  number  had  indicated 
to  him  their  desire  to  sow  their  upland  rice  on  land  within  my  holdings.  There  is  no 
written  contract  between  the  tenants  and  myself,  as  it  is  the  local  custom  to  make  such 
agreements  orally.  The  land  which  my  tenants  are  working  under  such  agreements 
aggregates  more  than  400  hectares,  but  I  am  unable  to  state  the  area  with  precision, 
as  the  unit  of  area  for  the  purpose  of  our  agreement  is  the  extension  of  land  which  can 
be  sown  by  a  cavan  of  rice  seed,  somewhat  more  than  a  hectare. 

Q.  If  you  w^ere  not  their  landlord,  what  would  prevent  their  leasing  the  Tala  lands 
themselves  directly  from  the  Government? — A.  To  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and 
belief,  my  tenants  are  also  lessees  or  purchasers  of  land  (as  a  rule,  low,  wet,  rice  land) 
on  the  Tala,  Malinta,  Piedad,  or  other  adjacent  estates,  and  have  under  lease  or  pur- 
chase contracts  all  the  land  they  desire.  Through  my  manager  and  personally  I  have 
urged  them  to  take  up  additional  land,  and  it  is  well  known  to  them  that  I  shall  be 
glad  at  any  time,  as  I  have  been  in  the  past,  to  transfer  lands  to  them  without  charge, 
but  they  decline  on  the  ground  that  after  the  third  or  at  most  the  fourth  year  the  land 
would  be  valueless  to  them,  as  it  is  not  customary  to  continue  the  sowing  of  rice  on 
any  given  parcel  of  high  land  for  more  than  that  period.  Nothing  prevents  them 
from  leasing  the  Tala  lands  except  their  own  judgment. 

Q.  If  the  Government  gave  them  the  same  protection  and  other  advantages  you 
receive,  what  would  prevent  them  from  using  the  land? — A.  Referring  to  the  answer 
to  the  preceding  question,  which  I  believe  in  part  answers  this,  I  would  add  that  they 
and  all  tenants  on  the  Tala  and  Piedad  estates  enjoy  the  same  protection  which  I  do, 
and  the  terms  of  my  contract  with  the  Government  are  considered  by  them  unfavor- 
able to  the  lessee  by  reason  of  the  obligation  to  cultivate,  which  in  the  event  of  death 
or  loss  for  other  reason  of  work  animals  is  extremely  onerous,  if  not  impossible,  for 
them  to  comply  with.  They  could  not  use  the  land  if,  as  I  understand  the  rule  to  be, 
vacant  lands  on  the  estates  may  not  be  used  by  anyone  except  under  lease  or  purchase. 

Q.  What  advances  have  been  made  to  your  tenants  by  the  Insular  Government? — 
A.  I  know  of  no  advances  having  been  made  to  my  tenants  as  such  or  otherwise  by  the 
Insular  Government, 

Q.  Who  applied  to  have  the  loan  fund  extended  to  your  land  as  was  done  about  four 
months  after  your  lease? — A.  So  far  as  I  know,  the  loan  fund  was  extended  to  the  Tala 
hacienda,  of  which  my  land  is  a  part,  upon  my  application.  My  application  was 
prompted  by  the  hope  that  I  could  induce  my  cotenants  on  the  Tala  estate  to  apply  for 
loans  from  this  fund  to  enable  them  to  purchase  work  cattle,  which  they  greatly  needed, 
and  I  understood  that  but  little  of  the  fund  had  been  applied  for  on  other  estates. 

Q.  Have  you  personally  advanced  anything  to  them? — A.  I  have  made  advances  in 
cash  and  rice  to  many  of  my  tenants,  perhaps  to  about  half  the  total  number. 
These  advances  are  seldom,  if  ever,  in  excess  of  a  total  of  |10  in  cash  or  its  equivalent 
in  rice.     I  have  never  made  or  received  any  interest  charge. 

Q.  Do  you  expect  the  returns  from  your  tenants  to  meet  your  payments  for  the  land, 
this  without  any  material  advance  by  you? — A.  I  do  not  expect  the  returns  from  my 
tenants,  i.  e.,  any  share  in  the  crop  which  may  pertain  to  me,  to  meet  my  payments 
for  the  land  during  the  lease  period,  i.e.,  three  years.  I  do  expect  that  beginning  with 
the  fourth  year  the  product  of  my  tree  plantations,  the  increase  of  my  cattle,  and  my 
share  of  crops  raised  by  tenants  will  meet  the  annual  payments  on  the  lands  which  I 
should  purchase  under  the  terms  of  my  contract  with  the  Government  and  the  expenses 
generally  of  the  plantation  as  a  whole.  However,  I  shall  not  be  surprised  if  during  the 
first  and  second  years  of  the  purchase  period,  i.  e.,  the  fourth  and  fifth  years  of  occu- 
pancy, I  have  a  deficit  to  meet  from  my  salary. 

Q.  Have  you  surrendered  any  lands  to  Filipinos  except  to  such  as  were  former  occu- 
pants of  the  estate? — A.  I  have  surrendered  lands  to  Filipinos  whom  I  do  not  under- 
stand to  have  been  former  occupants  of  the  estate,  to  wit,  to  Mariano  Crisostomo,  whom 
I  understand  to  be  a  lawyer  located  in  a  small  town  about  10  miles  or  more  up  the  rail- 
road from  Polo;  to  Maria  Buendia,  whom  I  understand  to  be  a  woman  of  some  means 
who  lives  in  a  town  about  20  miles  from  the  Tala  estate;  to  Mariano  Escueta,  whom  I 
understand  to  be  a  native  of  the  same  town  as  Maria  Buendia,  and  to  several  others 
whose  names  I  do  not  recall.  These  lands  were  surrendered  by  me  under  a  general 
authorization  to  the  director  of  lands  or  his  agent  to  make  such  leases  to  applicants 
under  the  usual  rules  without  consulting  me  unless  the  lands  applied  for  were  within 
certain  limits  in  which  I  was  cultivating  or  planning  to  cultivate  in  the  near  future. 
I  had  no  discussion  of  the  matter  nor  negotiations  with  any  of  these  persons,  with  the 
exception  of  Mariano  Escueta,  with  whom  I  am  slightly  acquainted.    The  others  are 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  473 

strangers  to  me.  In  no  instance  have  I  received  compensation  for  the  relinquishment 
of  my  rights  in  excess  of  such  sums  as  had  been  paid  by  me  to  the  Government  on 
account  of  the  particular  parcels  of  land  concerned,  which  sums  constituted  credit  on 
account  of  future  purchase  and  by  transfer  passed  to  the  transferee. 

Q.  Have  you  sold  or  contracted  to  sell  any  lands  leased  by  you? — A.  I  have  not 
sold  or  contracted  to  sell  any  lands  leased  by  me. 

Q.  Have  you  re-leased  any  land  leased  by  you?  If  so,  at  what  ]:)rice  or  under 
what  conditions? — A.  I  have  not  re-leased  any  land  leased  by  me  unless  there  might 
be  included  under  this  term  the  land  which  my  subtenants  hold  for  not  to  exceed 
three  years  under  conditions  w^hich  have  been  explained  in  the  answers  to  previous 
questions,  either  at  this  time  or  when  I  first  appeared  before  the  committee.  In  no 
instance  do  I  receive  cash  rental  except  in  a  few  cases,  in  which  the  subtenant  pays 
me  1  peso  per  annum  for  a  cavan  of  land — i.  e.,  the  area  on  which  he  oows  a  cavan 
of  rice  seed — or  a  sack  of  rice  at  harvest  time  in  lieu  of  the  cash  payment.  In  the  case 
of  tlie  share  tenants  I  believe  I  have  already  stated  in  detail  the  arrangement,  but 
I  wish  to  make  clear  the  point  that  I  fear  I  did  not  bring  out  plainly  in  answers  pre- 
viously given — that  w^here  the  subtenant  has  his  own  cattle  and  l)ears  the  expenses 
of  breaking,  sowing,  harvesting,  and  thrashing  his  rice  he  retains  practically  the 
entire  crop,  and  it  is  only  after  the  first  or  second  year  that  I  receive  more  than  a  nomi- 
nal share,  which  is  considered  mere  recognition  of  the  relation  existing  between  myself 
and  the  subtenant  so  far  as  the  ownership,  or  rather  the  control,  of  the  land  is  concerned. 

Q.  Do  you  consider  that  ethics  permit  an  officer  of  the  insular  government  like 
yourself  to  speculate  in  lands  held  in  trust  by  the  Philippine  government? — A.  I  do 
not  consider  my  relation  to  the  lands  in  question,  or  any  other  of  the  government 
lands,  that  of  speculation.  I  am  pledged  to  the  people,  through  the  statements  of 
miyself  and  my  manager  during  the  past  three  years,  to  transfer  my  rights  in  the 
cultivated  land  to  my  subtenants  on  their  request,  and  in  the  vacant  lands  to  any 
applicant,  without  pecuniary  profit  to  myself.  I  do  not  understand  that  friar  lands 
are  held  in  trust  in  any  sense,  except  the  pledge  to  the  bondholders  by  the  Govern- 
ment to  devote  the  proceeds  of  the  lease  and  sale  of  these  lands  to  the  payment  of 
the  interest  and  the  redemption  of  the  bonds  at  no  later  date  than  v/hen  due — approxi- 
mately 21  years  from  this  time.  I  considered  very  carefully  whether  there  mxight  be 
any  impropriety  in  my  entering  into  the  contract  which  I  did  regarding  these  lands 
and  felt  confident  that  there  was  no  impropriety  in  such  a  course.  I  discussed  the 
matter  from  that  standpoint  wuth  representative  people  of  all  classes  outside  of  the 
Government  service,  as  well  as  with  officials,  prior  to  entering  into  the  contract  in 
question,  and  in  no  instance  did  I  hear  an  expression  of  doubt  as  to  the  propriety 
of  myself,  as  assistant  executive  secretary  or  as  executive  secretary,  entering  into 
the  proposed  contract  with  the  insular  government  regarding  the  lands  on  the  Tala 
estate. 

I  certify  on  my  oath  that  the  foregoing  questions  and  answers  are  correct  and  true, 
to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief. 

Washington,  D.  0.,  December  19,  1910. 

Frank  W.  Carpenteti. 

TESTIMONY  OF  MR.  D.  C.  WORCESTER^Continued. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Before  you  leave  the  San  Jose  estate  there  are  a  few 
questions  which  I  want  to  ask  Mr.  Worcester. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  prepared  tliis  morning  to  furnish  a  Httle 
detailed  information  which  was  requested  yesterday  and  which  I 
could  not  give  at  the  moment.  You  asked  about  the  number  of 
inhabitants  of  the  island  of  Ilin.  I  find  that  it  was  608  in  1903.  The 
number  of  inhabitants  of  Mangarin,  which  you  will  remember  was 
the  largest  settlement  near  the  estate^  was  331  in  1903,  but  I  am 
very  sure  that  not  even  such  a  number  as  that  lives  in  the  little  vil- 
lage, and  that  that  number  includes  houses  scattered  out  through  the 
woods.  Iriran,  the  population  of  which  I  could  not  give,  is  so  small 
that  it  does  not  appear  in  the  census  as  a  separate  barrio.  Its  popu- 
lation is  included  with  that  of  Sablayan,  which  is  a  town,  and  the 
Eopulation  of  that  town  is  943.  Now,  I  have  remembered  that  there 
as  sprung  up  a  barrio  which  does  not  appear  on  any  of  the  maps, 
called  Caguray.     It  is  about  12  miles  south  of  the  estate,  and  is  to-day 

82278"— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 34 


474  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

the  most  prosperous  barrio  in  the  vicinity  of  the  estate.  I  should 
think  that  it  would  be  a  place  with  twice  as  many  inhabitants  as 
Mangarin,  but  it  is  of  comparatively  recent  growth,  and  so  it  is  not 
included  on  any  of  the  maps. 

Capt.  Sleeper  thinks  that  Mr.  Bruce  asked  for  the  personal  afhdavits 
of  the  shareholders  of  the  three  California  companies  which  have 

Eurchased  public  lands  from  the  Government,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
e  was  not  required  to  do  so,  and  we  have  cabled  to  Manila  asking 
whether  the  affidavits  were  furnished  and  requesting  that  if  they 
were  copies  be  transmitted  to  the  committee. 

The  Mr.  Hathaway  of  whom  I  spoke  as  the  only  gentleman  who 
had  ever  given  me  any  reason  to  believe  that  he  represented  corporate 
interests  desiring  to  obtain  more  than  the  legal  amount  of  land  was 
Mr.  F.  II.  Hathaway,  of  Saginaw,  Mich.,  who  left  the  United  States 
for  the  Philippines  in  the  middle  of  May,  1905,  and  returned  the  latter 
part  of  September,  1905. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  is  not  right. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  making  this  statement  from  his  own  testi- 
mony.    He  may  have  been  mistaken  as  to  when  he  returned. 

Mr.  Parsons.  He  sailed  from  Yokohama  on  the  1st  of  December. 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  subsequently  testified  before  the  Ways  and 
Means  Committee  of  the  House  and  before  the  Senate  Committee  on 
the  Philippines,  his  testimony  being  against  the  reduction  of  the  duty 
on  Phihppine  sugar. 

I  said  that  the  rental  paid  by  the  friars  was,  according  to  my  recol- 
lection, 30  centavos  per  head  for  cattle,  and  I  find  that  it  was  20 
centavos;  that  is,  10  cents  in  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Douglas.  For  the  season  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  For  the  year. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No;  that  is  for  the  month. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  director  of  land  has  furnished  me  the  fol- 
lowing statement: 

The  friars  of  the  Recoleto  order  paid  to  the  Government  20  centavos  per  head 
per  month  for  all  animals,  except  calves,  pastured  on  the  San  Jose  de  Mindoro  estate. 
This  estate  was  vacated  by  the  friars  in  May,  1909. 

According  to  the  report  of  the  director  of  lands,  dated  Baguio, 
May  5,  1910,  there  were  492  persons  holding  leases  for  friar  lands 
of  more  than  16  hectares  each,  and  82  persons  who  had  purchased 
more  than  16  hectares  each,  or  a  total  of  574  leases  or  sales  made  to 
individuals,  each  in  excess  of  16  hectares. 

Of  the  above  82  purchasers,  4  are  Americans,  and  of  the  492 
lessees,  15  are  Americans,  2  are  Englishmen  and  15  are  known  to  be 
natives,  who  were  not  occupants  of  the  friar  lands  at  the  date  of 
purchase  by  the  Government.  From  best  information  at  hand,  it  is 
estimated  that  all  other  lessees  and  purchasers  appearing  on  the 
list  were  actual  and  bona  fide  occupants  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  the  friar  land  act. 

I  have  obtained  the  actual  total  of  sales  and  area  occupied  up  to 
the  1st  of  December.  I  find  that  the  sales  numbered  18,928  and 
covered  149,413  acres.  I  will  supply  the  same  information  with 
reference  to  leases  a  little  later. 

I  wish  to  call  attention  to  an  evident  mistake  in  Capt.  Sleeper's 
testimony,  on  page  301  of  the  record,  where  Capt.  Sleeper  is  made 
to  say  that  the  friar  lands  are  something  over  400,000,000  acres  in 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  475 

extent.  As  the  total  acreage  of  the  PhUippiDe  Islands  is  only 
74,000,000  and  a  few  odd  acres,  that  is  an  evident  mistake.  Capt. 
Sleeper  doubtless  intended  to  say  400,000  acres.  The  actual  ng- 
ures  are  396,690.20  acres.  He  intended  to  say  400,000  acres  and 
probably  did  say  it,  but  the  record  does  not. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  total  number  of  acres  in  the  public  doman? 

Mr.  Gakrett.  The  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  question  here  is: 

What  is  the  best  estimate  that  you  can  make  as  to  the  number  of  acres  of  what  you 
call  public  lands? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  Forty-five  million  acres. 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  you  will  look  a  little  further  you  will  see  the 
question : 

How  many  acres  are  there  or  were  there  originally  of  the  friar  lands  purchased  by 
the  Philippine  Government? 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  beg  your  pardon. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Illustrating  my  statement  as  to  the  impractica- 
bility of  making  a  rectangular  system  of  surveys  apply  to  either  the 
occupied  or  vacant  lands,  I  would  like  to  submit  lor  the  informa- 
tion of  the  committee  a  little  sample  plat  of  the  lots  on  a  part  of 
one  of  the  estates.  You  will  then  perhaps  also  understand  why  it 
has  not  been  easy  to  rush  the  surveys  on  account  of  the  extreme 
irregularity  of  the  holdings. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Wliat  estate  is  this  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  the  Lolonboy  estate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  all  these  lines  [indicating]  indicate  separate 
parcels  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  except  those  showing  roads. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  does  the  other  line  there  show  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Perhaps  a  subdivision  of  an  original  lot. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  would  like  to  ask  whether  or  not  that  has  just  been 
taken  as  an  extreme  illustration  of  the  irregularity  of  the  surveys  or 
is  it,  do  you  think,  a  fair  sample  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  reasonably  fair  sample.  We  have  here  and 
will  be  glad  to  show  you  the  sheets  showing  all  of  a  given  estate,  so  that 
you  can  see  not  a  single  parcel,  but  the  entire  series  of  lots. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  suppose  the  irregularity  results  largely  from  the 
fact  that  first  the  best  lands  were  taken  and  that  afterwards  the  sub- 
sequent land  seekers  or  grantees  took  what  was  left  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  partly  that,  sir,  and  partly  the  result  of  the 
fact  that  the  friars  did  not  make  any  special  effort  to  let  the  land  in 
lots  of  regular  size.  There  has  been  more  or  less  interchange  of  land 
between  the  tenants.  They  would  have  a  mango  tree  here,  some 
bananas  there,  and  a  bamboo  clump  somewhere  else,  and  when  we 
came  to  fix  the  boundaries  they  insisted  on  having  their  land  in  such 
shape  as  to  take  in  these  several  things  which  they  wished  for.  We 
tried  very  hard  to  get  them  to  agree  to  exchange  lands  so  as  to  simplify 
the  surveys,  but  we  found  that  we  could  not  do  it  without  causing  a 
great  deal  of  trouble. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  scale  of  that  map  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Capt.  Sleeper,  what  is  the  scale  of  that  map  ? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  It  is  reduced  from  a  large  map,  and  is  not  drawn  to 
any  particular  scale. 


476  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  the  valuations  been  plotted  on  that  estate? 
Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When;  since  the  date  of  your  report? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  Since  the  date  of  the  report. 
Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  one  of  those  for  the  Piedad  estate  ? 
Mr.  Sleeper.  We  have  them  for  all  the  estates. 
Mr.  Parsons.  Here? 

Mr.  Sleeper.  No,  sir;  at  the  office.     I  will  bring  them. 
Mr.  Worcester.  Illustrating  my  statement  as  to  the  eiforts  which 
had  been  made  to  bring  the  facts  relative  to  the  means  of  acquiring 

fublic  lands  to  the  attention  of  the  natives  and  to  interest  them  in  it, 
would  like  to  submit  for  the  information  of  the  committee  these 
copies  of  pamphlets  in  English,  Spanish,  and  various  native  dialects, 
which  have  been  widely  scattered  through  the  islands.  I  do  not 
care  to  have  them  included  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  do  not  think  it  possible  to  include  them  in  the 
record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  the  printers  would  resign  if  asked  to  set 
up  some  of  them. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  wouki  like  to  ask  you  just  two  or  three  general 
questions  relating  to  the  San  Jose  matter,  which  you  can  answer  in 
your  own  way. 

Either  in  Mr.  Martin's  statement  before  the  committee  or  in  his 
speech  on  the  floor,  I  do  not  now  recall  which,  he  stated  that  the 
opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  with  reference  to  the  validity  of  the 
sales  to  a  single  individual  of  more  than  a  limited  amount  of  friar 
land  had  been  anticipated  by  the  officials  of  the  insular  government 
and  that  this  anticipation  indicated  a  conspiracy  on  the  part  of  the 
officials  of  the  Philippine  government,  the  officials  of  the  Insular 
Bureau,  and  men  in  the  executive  departments  of  the  United  States 
Government,  to  dispose  of  these  lands  contrary  to  law  under  the 
expectation  that  the  Attorney  General  would  in  his  opinion  justify 
the  sales.  What  have  you  to  say  in  a  general  way  in  reference  to 
that  matter  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  of  the 
United  States  was  not  awaited  in  the  Philippine  Islands  in  connec- 
tion with  the  transaction.  Capt.  Sleeper  and  I  had  ourselves  drafted 
and  secured  the  passage  of  an  act  which  removed  the  limitation  that 
had  previously  existed,  imposed  by  the  friar-land  act,  upon  the  sales 
of  unoccupied  friar  lands.  We  ourselves  had  no  doubt  as  to  the 
validity  or  that  act,  but  at  the  time  the  question  was  raised  we 
secured  the  opinion  of  the  law  officer  in  the  bureau  of  lands  and  sub- 
sequently, in  fact,  immediately  after  Messrs.  Prentiss  and  Poole 
raised  the  question,  w^o  asked  for  the  opinion  of  the  attorney  general 
of  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  only  opinion  we  had  the  right  to  ask 
for  in  the  premises.  The  request  for  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney 
General  of  the  United  States  was  made,  as  I  understand  it,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  people  who  wished  to  purchase.  That  was  not  con- 
trolling in  our  case  at  all.  The  reason  why  action  was  suspended  was 
not  that  we  might  await  the  rendering  of  that  opinion,  but  was 
afforded  by  the  telegram  of  Gen.  Edwards,  dated  November  23,  1909, 
and  addressed  to  the  Governor  General,  stating  that  the  Secretary  of 
War  d,esired  full  information  by  cable  relative  to  the  sale  of  the 
Mindoro  estate  and  further  desired  that  the  sale  should  not  be  con- 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  477 

summated  until  he  had  considered  the  question.  That,  of  course, 
was  conclusive  upon  me. 

At  that  time  the  sales  certificate  was  lying  on  my  table,  awaiting 
signature  and  I  let  it  lie  there  until  I  received  a  cablegram  from  the 
Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs,  addressed  to  the  Governor 
General  under  date  of  December  4,  1909,  which  stated  that  the  Sec- 
retary of  War  approved  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate  at  the  re- 
q[uest  of  attorneys  for  purchasers  and  further  stated  that  the  ques- 
tion referred  to  in  the  Governor  General's  telegram  of  November  23, 
would  be  submitted  at  once  to  the  Attorney  General  for  an  opinion. 
That  was  the  first  intimation,  as  a  matter  of  fact 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  you  read  the  cable  from  the  Bureau  of  Insular 
Affairs  ?     It  is  corrected  in  my  copy. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  telegram  here  reads  as  follows: 

AVashington,  December  4,  1909. 
Forbes,  Manila. 

Referring  to  telegram  from  your  office  of  the  SOth  ultimo,  the  Secretary  of  War 
approves  sale  of  San  Jose  estate  at  the  request  of  attorneys  for  purchasers.  The 
question  referred  to  in  your  telegram  of  November  23  will  be  submitted  at  once  to 
Attorney  General  for  an  opinion. 

Mr,  Douglas.  That  telegram  has  been  corrected  in  red  ink  and 
reads  as  follows: 

Referring  to  telegram  from  your  office  of  the  29th  ultimo,  the  Secretary  of  War 
approves  sale  of  San  Jose  estate.  At  the  request  of  attorneys  for  purchasers  the  ques- 
tion referred  to  in  my  telegram  of  November  23  will  be  submitted  at  once  to  Attorney 
General  for  an  opinion . 

Mr,  Worcester.  I  suppose  that  has  probably  been  corrected  from 
the  copy  of  the  cablegram  as  sent  from  here.  As  received  at  Manila 
it  seems  to  have  varied  slightly  in  punctuation,  but  as  far  as  I  can  see 
that  does  not  change  the  result  in  any  way. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  do  not  say  that  it  does  or  does  not. 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  other  words,  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney 
General  of  the  United  States  was  requested  on  this  matter,  not  as  a 
basis  for  the  determination  as  to  whether  the  sale  might  be  made, 
which  is  passed  upon  in  this  communication  by  the  Secretary  of  War, 
but  in  order  to  quiet  the  minds  of  the  purchasers  as  to  their  right  to 
obtain  the  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  These  cablegrams  are  sent  in  cipher,  are  they  not  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  they  are  usually  sent  in  cipher,  not 
always.  The  only  object  of  a  cipher  in  the  case  of  a  cablegram  like 
this  would  be  to  reduce  the  cost. 

Having  then  received  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  War  for  the 
transaction  on  the  day  after  tliat  cablegram  was  received,  which  was 
probably  the  6th  of  December,  I  signed  the  sale  certificate  and 
returned  it.  It  is  not  customary  to  affix  the  date  of  my  approval, 
but  the  date  of  the  approval  of  the  director  of  lands  is  the  one  pro- 
vided for  in  the  blank  forms.  So  there  is  no  way  of  saying  exactly 
when  my  signature  was  affixed,  but  I  remember  distinctly  the 
governor  general's  informing  me  in  the  evening  that  the  approval  of 
the  Secretary  of  War  had  been  received  by  cable,  and  the  following 
morning  the  cable  was  sent  in  to  me  and  I  signed  the  sales  certificatCc 

Mr.  Garrett.  Do  you  remember  particularly  whether  this  cable- 
gram was  in  cipher  ? 


478  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE    LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know.  It  would  have  come  to  me  in 
translation  and  without  the  original.  The  original  cipher  is  never 
sent  out. 

So  far  as  concerns  the  allegation  that  a  large  amount  of  work  was 
performed  on  the  estate,  Mr.  Martin  has  placed  his  faith  in  news- 
paper statements  about  what  was  accomplished.  I  investigated 
that  matter  on-  the  ground  and  interrogated  Mr.  Bruce  in  Manila  and 
learned  from  him  that  before  the  signing  of  this  sale  certificate  not 
a  stroke  of  work  was  done  on  the  San  Jose  estate.  The  first  ship- 
ment of  supplies  for  use  there  was  stated  by  him  to  have  been  made 
on  December  14,  1909,  and  investigation  at  the  office  of  the  steam- 
ship company  showed  that  a  shipment  was  made  on  that  date.  I 
myself  was  on  the  estate  as  late  as  last  July,  and  at  that  time  there 
was  no  considerable  area  in  cultivation,  much  less  had  there  been 
at  this  earlier  time.  I  saw  one  experimental  plot  of  ground,  which 
may  have  had  an  acre  in  it,  planted  with  cane,  and  I  was  told  that 
there  were  a  number  of  additional  plots  of  that  kind  scattered 
through  the  estate  to  try  out  the  soil.  I  know  by  direct  informa- 
tion from  Mr,  Poole,  vv^hose  word  I  have  no  reason  to  doubt,  that  no 
planting  of  cane  for  the  purpose  of  the  commercial  production  of 
sugar  had  even  then  been  made. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  had  been  done  on  the  estate  when  you  was 
there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  framework  of  a  pier  at  the  end  of  the  rail- 
way had  been  largely  completed.  I  should  say  that  the  pier  was 
about  ready  for  the  planking.  The  grade  of  the  railway  for  4  or  5 
miles  had  been  roughly  completed,  though  no  track  was  laid.  One 
or  two  temporary  culverts,  wooden  bridges,  I  should  say  rather  than 
culverts,  had  been  constructed  over  small  streams,  and  houses  had 
been  erected  for  the  workmen. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Dormitories  or  what  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  Most  of  them  were  in  the  nature  of 
long  sheds,  wliich  were  divided  into  compartments.  They  had  just 
begun  at  that  time  the  erection  of  individual  houses  for  people  who 
preferred  to  live  in  that  way. 

Mr.  Parsons.  For  families  or  individuals? 

Mr.  Worcester.  For  families  or  groups  of  people  who  wish  to  live 
together,  four  or  five  men  in  tlie  same  place.  There  was  a  hospital, 
a  very  nice  little  building.  There  was  a  house  where  the  supervising 
force  of  the  plantation  lived,  a  stable,  some  wells,  some  facilities  for 
storing  plows  and  cultivators.     Tliab  is  all  I  remember. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Weie  those  on  the  estate  itself? 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  the  estate;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  had  been  ckme  on  the  land  occupied  by  the 
three  agricultural  companies? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Nothing,  so  far  as  I  know,  at  that  time. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Had  any  of  the  railroad  tracks  been  laid  across  any 
of  them  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.     No  track  had  been  laid. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  wish  you  would  state,  as  briefly  as  you  may,  your 
opinion  as  to  tlie  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate  in  bulk,  whether  or  not 
it  was  in  the  public  interest  both  in  the  relation  of  the  payment  of 
the  debt  and  income  of  the  government  and  in  reference  to  the  gen- 
eral advancement  of  the  conditions  of  life  in  the  islands  ? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  479 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  primary  reason  for  disposing  of  tliis  estate 
was,  of  course,  that  the  Government  had  paid  for  it  nearly  $300,000 
gold;  that  the  interest  on  the  investment  and  the  small  adminis- 
trative charges  had  increased  the  necessary  price  at  which  it  could  be 
sold  to  $367,000  gold;  that  this  price  was  constantly  and  rapidly 
increasing  and  would,  in  the  natural  course  of  events,  have  made  it 
impossible  to  sell  the  estate  at  all  without  first  amending  the  friar- 
land  act  so  that  we  might  reduce  the  cost  which  we  were  required  to 
collect  for  it.  The  interest  on  the  investment  formed  a  charge  against 
the  Government  of  the  Fihpino  people.  Its  income  is  by  no  means 
large,  and  $100,000  looks  a  great  deal  larger  to  us  out  there  than  to  you 
gentlemen  here.  We  do  not  have  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States 
behind  us.  The  sale  of  the  estate  would  result  in  maldn<^  it  an  income 
producer  instead  of  an  income  consumer.  The  estate  is  situated  in 
what  we  term  a  special  Government  province  as  distinguished  from 
a  regularly  organized  province.  The  term  applies  to  provinces  in  a 
primitive  state  of  development  where  a  large  proportion  of  the 
inhabitants  are  non-Christians,  and  in  those  provinces  there  is  collected 
a  tax  of  one-half  of  1  per  cent  on  real  estate  and  also  on  improve- 
ments and  on  personal  property  in  excess  of  $100  in  value. 

If  a  man's  total  property,  both  real  and  personal,  amounts  to  less 
than  $100,  no  tax  is  collected.  The  sale  price  of  that  estate  would 
be  adopted  as  the  basis  for  taxation  upon  it,  and  the  income  at  one- 
half  of  1  per  cent  would  be  by  no  means  inconsiderable. 

Attention  has  been  called  to  the  fact  that  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  was  capitalized  for  $1,000,000,  or,  rather,  that  its  capital 
was  promptly  increased  to  $1,000,000,  and  it  was  thought  that  that 
showed  that  the  company  was  going  to  undertake  the  development 
of  this  estate.  On  my  way  back  from  the  Philippines  this  time  I 
visited  the  Ewa  plantation  in  Hawaii,  where  the  percentage  of  extrac- 
tion of  sugar  has  just  passed  95,  and  I  was  told  that  the  mill,  just  as 
it  was,  which  handles  the  cane  from  about  1,000  acres  of  land,  had 
cost  $1,000,000  gold.  The  tax  on  such  a  mill  would  not  by  any 
means  be  a  small  matter.  However,  there  is  another  reason  to 
wluch  I  desire  especially  to  call  the  attention  of  this  committee. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Before  you  leave  that  point,  when  would  that  tax 
be  collectible  ?  You  could  not  collect  the  tax  on  this  land  until  the 
final  installment  has  been  paid  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  could  not  collect  the  tax  until  the  title  had 
passed.  The  tax  on  the  200  hectares  which  has  been  conveyed  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  will  be  collectible  during  the  next  fiscal 
3^ear. 

Mr.  Parsons.  If  this  mill  is  erected  on  that  land  you  get  the  tax 
on  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  tax  on  the  improvements  of  the  railway  and 
so  on  can  be  collected  at  the  present  time  as  fast  as  the  work  is  com- 
pleted and  the  readjustment  of  tax  lists  is  made. 

Mr.  Parsons.  When  you  were  there  had  anything  been  done  on  the 
mill  site  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  The  question  of  the  proper  place  for  the 
mill  in  connection  with  a  large  tract  of  land  is  one  of  a  great  deal  of 
complexity.  There  must  be  an  adequate  supply  of  good  water,  as  I 
understand  it,  and  the  question  of  the  geographical  relationship  of  the 
mill  to  the  ground  on  which  the  cane  is  to  be  produced  is  also  of 


480  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

importance.  It  is  desired  to  have  things  so  adjusted  as  far  as  pos- 
sible that  the  loaded  cars  will  come  to  the  mill  on  a  down  grade  and 
the  empties  will  go  back  on  the  upgrade. 

Mr.  r ARSONS.  On  the  map  shown  us^  as  a  matter  of  fact,  is  not  the 
mill  site  on  higher  ground  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Probably  on  higher  ground  than  part  of  the  estate, 
but  as  far  as  my  personal  observation  goes  practically  all  of  the  fairly 
level  land  on  the  estate  slopes  quite  gently  toward  the  sea. 

Mr.  Garrett,  I  understand  you  say  that  the  sale  price  would  be 
taken  as  the  basis  for  fixing  the  rate  of  taxation  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  our  usual  procedure. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Would  that  be  done  in  the  case  of  the  Mindoro 
property;  that  is,  the  200  hectares  that  have  been  conveyed  to  the 
Mindoro  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  would  be  the  basis. 

Mr.  Garrett.  How  long  would  that  be  the  basis  of  taxation  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  recollection  is  that  in  the  special  government 
provinces  there  is  no  specific  provision  in  law  relative  to  the  revision 
from  time  to  time  of  tax  values. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  was  just  wondering  how  long  it  will  be  before  the 
improvements  will  be  taken  into  consideration. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  improvements  would  be  taxed  the  first 
year  after  they  are  made. 

Mr.  Douglas.  If  they  built  a  mill  it  would  be  taxed  the  first  year  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  So  when  you  say  that  the  sale  price  would  be  taken 
as  the  basis  for  taxation  3^011  mean  so  far  as  it  remains  unimproved. 
As  soon  as  it  improved 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  was  referring  only  to  the  land.  I  think  I  said 
that  the  improvements  would  be  taxable  immediately. 

Mr.  RucKER    And  separately? 

Mr.  Worcester.  And  separately. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  tax  the  land  separately  from  the  improve- 
ments ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RiJCKER.  That  is  what  he  said. 

(At  this  point  in  the  proceedings  Mr.  Olmsted  took  the  chair.) 

Mr.  DouCxLAS.  Now,  will  you  proceed  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  had  started  to  say  that  there  was  another  reason 
why  those  of  us  who  are  interested  in  the  agricultural  development  of 
the  Philippines  rejoiced  over  this  sale  of  a  large  tract  of  sugar  land  to 
men  who  were  believed  to  represent  capital  enough  to  develop  it  and 
install  a  modern  sugar  mill  or  insure  its  installation,  and  bring  about 
the  use  of  modern  machinery.  The  situation  as  to  the  production 
of  sugar  in  tlie  Philippine  Islands,  taking  the  islands  as  a  whole,  is  in 
an  almost  incredible  condition  of  backwardness.  We  still  have  in 
many  regions  the  2  vertical  wooden  rollers  turned  by  man  power  or 
by  a  single  water  buffalo  or  carabao,  for  pressing  the  juice  out  of  the 
cane.  A  contrivance  of  that  sort  leaves  probably  55  or  60  per  cent  of 
the  sugar  in  the  cane  and  the  crushed  cane  comes  through  so  wet  that 
one  can  take  it  in  his  hands  and  actually  wring  the  juice  out  of  it. 
We  have  not  to-day  really  anything  approaching  a  modern  sugar  mill 
in  the  Philippine  Islands. 


ADMINISTEATIOISr    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  481 

We  have  not  to-day,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  behef ,  such 
a  thing  as  an  irrigated  fiekl  of  sugar  cane  in  the  Phihppines,  although 
we  have  water  in  numerous  sugar-producing  regions  which,  without 
the  great  expense  of  pumpin;^,  so  often  necessarily  incurred  in  other 
places,  can  be  put  directly  on  the  land.  The  people  have  little  idea 
of  improving  their  seed,  and  their  methods  of  cultivation  leave  much 
to  be  desired.  Plowing  is  still  done  by  animals  in  regions  where  it 
might  be  better  and  more  profitably  done  by  traction  engines.  We 
have  constant  complaint  from  the  island  of  Negros  that  the  number 
of  draft  animals  is  not  anything  like  sufficient,  and  though  a  great 
many  of  them  desire  to  cultivate  the  land,  it  is  useless,  in  my  opinion, 
and  my  opinion  is  based  on  15  J  years  of  observations,  to  expect  to 
influence  the  Filipino  agriculturists,  as  a  whole,  in  matters  of  this  sort 
by  reports  or  by  word  of  mouth.  They  imitate,  and  that  is  about  all 
they  are  willing  to  do.  They  must  be  shown  by  practical  demonstra- 
tion. They  can  not  conceive  what  a  modern  sugar  mill  is  like.  They 
have  never  seen  one,  and  they  have  no  basis  on  which  to  build  up 
ideas  as  to  what  such  a  thing  really  means.  The  modern  mill  could 
take  the  cane  as  they  throw  it  away,  after  they  have  gone  to  all  the 
expense  of  cultivation,  harvesting,  and  grinding,  and  make  a  hand- 
some profit  out  of  the  sugar  which  now  goes  to  waste.  At  the  Ewa 
mill  they  told  me  that  they  had  passed  95  per  cent  extractions  and 
were  now  working  for  96  per  cent. 

Compare  that,  if  37^ou  please,  with  our  40  to  60  per  cent  extraction 
and  it  must  be  evident  to  all  that  we  can  not  go  into  the  sugar  markets 
of  the  world  with  our  product,  and  that  the  sugar  industry  of  the  Phil- 
ippine Islands  can  not  be  properl}^  developed  unless  we  adopt  modern 
methods  and  modern  macliinery  both  for  cultivation  and  for  extrac- 
tion. We  can  continue  to  do  what  we  do  to-day — get  the  small 
amount  of  sugar  which  is  used  in  trade  among  the  people  themselves, 
to  supply  local  needs,  and  ship  a  little  sugar  of  comparatively  inferior 
quality — but  if  this  industry  is  to  reach  anything  like  its  legitimate 
development  we  must  have  modern  methods  and  modern  appliances. 
I  have  myself  in  the  past  advocated  the  establishment  of  a  modern 
sugar  mill  in  the  island  of  Negros  at  the  expense  of  the  Government 
simply  as  a  demonstration  for  the  benefit  of  the  people;  and  in  his 
message  to  the  legislature  this  year  Gov.  Forbes  recommended  the 
financing  by  the  Government  of  sugar  centrales,  which  would  take  the 
cane  of  the  natives  and  grind  it  in  order  that  they  might  see  for  them- 
selves and  be  encouraged  to  engage  in  similar  enterprise.  It  is  my  firm 
conviction  that  the  establishment  of  one  modern  sugar  estate  an}^- 
w-here  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  to  which  the  people  will  be  brought 
as  laborers  from  surrounding  provinces,  as  is  being  done  in  the  case 
of  the  San  Jose  estate,  will  be  worth  more  to  the  natives  of  the  Phil- 
ippines than  all  the  agricultural  colleges  which  you  could  put  in  a 
row  a  mile  long.  It  is  the  practical  kind  of  instruction  which  appeals 
to  them  and  w^hich  they  are  willing  to  follow.  Indeed,  we  have  been 
glad  to  have  Filipinos  go  as  laborers  to  the  plantations  of  Hawaii 
for  the  reason  that  w^e  know  they  will  come  back  and  tell  their  people 
what  they  have  seen,  but  it  has  seemed  ridiculous  that  it  has  been 
found  profitable  by  the  common  laborers  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to 
leave  the  archipelago  and  go  clear  to  Hawaii.  If  we  had  modern 
sugar  plantations 

Mr.  Douglas.  Do  they  come  back,  as  a  rule? 


482  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE    LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  do  not  know  yet,  the  thing  has  not  worked 
out  long  enough,  but  it  is  safe  to  say  that  they  will  come  back, 
because  they  are  attached  to  their  homes.  Now,  one  important 
result  of  the  establishment  of  this  estate  has  been  to  raise  the  daily 
wage.  The  daily  wage  used  to  be  40  centavos,  which  is  20  cents 
in  gold;  the  wage  paid  on  the  San  Jose  estate  is  80  centavos — in 
United  States  money  that  is  40  cents — for  common  labor,  ordinary 
labor,  and  1  peso  for  labor  on  construction  work.  In  other  words, 
the  wage  has  already  been  doubled.  There  would  be  employment 
for  2,000  or  3,000  people  at  the  present  time  if  they  could  be  had, 
and  the  number  required  will  largely  increase.  So  that  one  of  the 
burdens  that  the  people  are  called  upon  to  bear,  as  the  result  of  the 
alleged  introduction  into  these  islands  of  a  grasping  corporation,  is 
that  their  daily  wage  has  been  doubled,  but  we  hope  they  will  be  able 
to  support  that  burden  without  difficulty. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Do  the  natives  resort  to  the  fertilization  of  their 
lands  in  any  way  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  never  known  of  any  fertilization  of  sugar- 
cane fields,  sir,  other  than  that  involved  in  the  burning  of  the  leaves 
on  the  ground  and  the  plowing  in  of  the  ashes. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  farming  is  entirely  unscientific? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  I  should  like  to  ask  the  gentlemen  of 
the  committee  to  look  at  the  illustrations  in  this  bulletin  on  the 
sugar  industry  in  the  island  of  Negros.  You  must  remember  that 
the  island  of  Negros  is  the  place  where  our  sugar  industry  has  reached 
its  highest  development,  and  these  pictures  were  taken  without  any 
thought  of  their  use  in  this  connection.  You  will  find  how  the  thing 
is  done  [indicating].  Here,  for  instance,  is  a  carabao  mill  for  the 
extraction  of  sugar,  and  those  mills  are  in  very  general  use  throughout 
the  islands  to-day.  We  have  some  small  steam  mills,  but  as  far  as  I 
know  we  have  nothing  more  than  a  three-roller  mill  in  the  islands 
to-day. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  sort  of  a  mill  is  on  the  Calamba  estate?  Is 
there  not  a  mill  on  that  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Capt.  Sleeper,  can,  perhaps,  give  you  informa- 
tion about  that;  I  have  not  seen  that  mill  myself.  But  if  you  re- 
member that  the  mill  on  the  Ewa  plantation  has  15  rollers,  with 
enormous  hydraulic  pressure,  in  addition  to  the  crushers,  you  will 
see  that  there  is  an  enormous  gap  between  tlie  mills  having  machinery 
of  the  really  modern  type  and  the  mills  we  have. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  A  statement  has  been  made  that  it  was  the  general 
purpose  to  exploit  the  friar  lands  and  that  this  purpose  of  exploita- 
tion was  manifested  by  the  passage  of  the  act  No.  1847.  I  think  you 
have  not  commented  upon  that  phase  of  the  matter.  If  you  have, 
I  did  not  hear  you. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.     I  shall  be  glad  to  take  that  up. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  If  you  do  not  care  to  take  it  up  now  you  can 
take  it  up  at  the  time  that  appears  most  logical  to  you. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  shall  be  glad  to  take  it  up  now.  The  word 
^'exploitation'^  is  used  in  two  senses,  and  in  my  reply  to  Mr.  Martin's 
speech  I  have  avoided  using  it,  because  it  may  have  a  double  signifi- 
cance. I  understand  he  uses  it  in  the  objectionable  sense.  It  may 
mean  simply  legitimate  commercial  development.  In  that  sense  we 
desire  it. 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  483 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  is  the  sense  in  which  you  have  been  discuss- 
ing the  advisabihty  of  estabhshing  sugar  mills  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  Exploitation  could  mean  the  monopo- 
listic absorption  of  the  property  of  others  and  the  restriction  of  the 
development  of  an  industry  except  along  lines  that  some  grasping 
corporation  marks  out;  in  that  sense  it  is  objectionable  from  every 
point  of  view.  The  charge  has  been  made  that  we  were  delaying  the 
transfer  of  friar  lands  to  occupants  wth  a  view  to  holding  them  in 
reserve  and  ultimately  transferring  them  to  greedy  corporations.  Of 
course,  the  answer  to  that  involves  only  an  appeal  to  the  facts.  What 
have  we  done  with  the  friar  lands?  It  show^s  on  the  record  tliat, 
not  only  now  but  long  before  Mr.  Martin  made  his  speech,  every 
occupant  on  friar  lands  who  desired  to  secure  his  holdings  had  been 
absolutely  protected.  He  had  been  allowed  to  purchase  them  or 
had  received  a  lease  for  them  which  conferred  upon  him  the  right  to 
purchase.  And  as  time  has  gone  by  our  good  faith  has  been  demon- 
strated by  the  fact  that  just  as  rapidly  as  circumstances  permitted 
changes  have  been  made  from  the  lease  column  to  the  sales  column, 
and  the  occupants  have  purchased  their  holdings. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  A  good  many  people  occupying  friar  lands 
abandoned  them  at  the  time  of  the  insurrection? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  About  how  many  tenants  were  there  on  those 
lands  at  the  time  of  the  negotiation  of  the  Paris  treaty? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know  that  w^c  have  accurate  information 
as  to  the  number  of  tenants  on  friar  lands  at  the  time  of  that  treaty. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  My  recollection  is  that  you  give  it  in  your  report 
as  about  16,000  tenants. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  was  the  number,  if  I  remember  correctly, 
sir,  at  the  time  we  took  over  the  lands,  after  the  number  had  been 
reduced  by  the  disturbed  conditions  incident  to  war. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  At  the  time  the  friar  lands  were  transferred  to 
the  Philippine  Islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  fact  as  to  the  number  of  natives, 
who  had  formerly  been  tenants,  returning  to  their  ])ossessions  after 
peace  had  been  established  and  the  Philippine  Government  had 
acquired  title  to  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  return  has  been  gradual;  some  of  them  had 
drifted  away  altogether  and  have  never  come  back  at  all,  but  a  great 
many  of  them  have  come  back. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  organic  act  requires  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment to  give  preference  to  those  who  were  tenants  at  the  time  upon 
the  friar  lands.  What  has  been  the  policy  of  the  government  resj)ect- 
ing  the  rights  of  former  occupants  who  returned  to  their  possessions 
after  the  Philippine  Government  obtained  title  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  only  has  it  been  the  policy  of  the  government 
to  respect  the  rights  of  former  tenants  who  returned,  but  it  has  been 
the  policy  of  the  government  to  try  to  secure  tenants  for  these  estates; 
to  persuade  those  wdio  had  left  them  to  return  and  to  persuade  others 
who  had  never  been  tenants  to  occupy  them.  And  we  have  treated 
persons  who  had  leases,  even  though  they  had  not  been  original  occu- 

Eants,  just  as  we  treated  those  who  had  been  original  occapants,  and 
ave  allowed  them  to  have  the  right  to  purchase  if  they  desired 
to  do  it. 


484  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  So  those  who  desired  to  enter  and  occupy  parcels 
of  friar  lands,  after  your  government  obtained  title,  were  given  prefer- 
ence as  to  the  right  of  leasing  and  purchasing,  the  same  as  those  who 
were  occupants  at  the  time  of  the  transfer  of  the  title  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  I  will  secure  and  have  inserted  in  the 
record  at  this  point,  if  you  please,  the  opinion  of  our  attorney  general 
under  which  we  act  in  doing  that ;  we  sought  to  get  legal  authoriza- 
tion for  doing  it,  so  their  status  might  be  defined. 

[Opinion  of  the  Attorney  General  as  to  what  lands  of  the  so-called  friar  estates  are  now  to  be  considered 
as  "vacant  lands,"  and  therefore  requiring  the  publication  of  "bandillos/'  as  provided  by  section  3  of 
act  No.  1933,  before  such  lands  may  be  legally  sold  or  leased  by  the  director  of  lands,  illustrating  the  fact 
that  all  occupants  of  friar  lands  have  been  considered  as  having  a  preferential  right  to  purchase  their 
holdings.] 

Bureau  of  Justice, 
Office  of  the  Attorney  General, 

Manila,  June  15,  1909. 

Sir:  I  have  the  honor,  in  response  to  your  letter  of  May  25,  1909,  to  submit  an 
opinion  upon  the  following  question: 

What  lands  of  the  so-called  friar  estates  are  now  to  be  considered  as  being  ''vacant 
lands,"  and  therefore  requiring  the  publication  of  "bandillos,"  as  provided  by  section 
3  of  Act  No.  1933,  before  such  lands  may  be  legally  sold  or  leased  by  the  Director  of 
Lands? 

The  second  paragraph  of  section  11  of  act  No.  1120,  was  added  to  said  section  by 
act  No.  1847  and  was  amended  by  section  3  of  act  No.  1933  to  read  as  follows: 

''In  case  of  lease  of  vacant  lands,  as  well  as  in  case  of  sale  of  same  under  the  pro- 
visions of  section  nine  of  this  act,  the  director  of  lands  shall  notify  the  municipal 
president  or  municipal  presidents  of  the  municipality  or  municii)alities  in  which 
said  lands  lie  before  the  same  takes  place.  Upon  receipt  of  such  notification  by  said 
municipal  president  or  municipal  presidents  the  latter  shall  publish  the  same  for 
three  consecutive  days,  by  bandillos,  in  the  poblacion  and  barrio  or  barrios  affected, 
and  shall  certify  all  these  acts  to  the  director  of  lands  who  shall  then,  and  not  before, 
proceed  to  execute  the  contract  of  lease  or  to  make  the  said  sale  with  preference,  other 
conditions  being  equal,  to  the  purchaser  who  has  been  a  tenant  or  bona  fide  occupant 
at  any  time  of  the  said  lands  or  part  thereof,  and  if  there  has  been  more  than  one 
occupant  to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant:  Provided,  however,  That  no  contract  for  the 
lease  of  and  no  sale  of  vacant  lands  made  in  accordance  with  this  section  shall  be  valid 
nor  of  any  effect  without  the  requisite  as  to  publication  by  bandillos,  above  provided." 

Said  act  No.  1933  was  passed  by  the  legislature  on  May  20,  1909,  and  was  enacted 
to  take  effect  on  its  passage. 

It  would  seem  to  be  clear  that  the  said  amendment  refers  to  lands  which  were 
vacant  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of  said  act  No.  1933,  and  does  not  refer  to  all  lands 
which  were  vacant  upon  the  date  of  the  purchase  of  the  friar  lands  by  the  Government, 
some  of  which  have  since  been  leased  by  the  Government  to  certain  tenants  not 
included  under  the  heading  of  "  Actual  and  bona  fide  occupants." 

The  term  "vacant  lands"  as  used  in  said  act  can  only  mean  lands  that  are  unoccu- 
pied and  lying  idle  without  being  leased  under  the  provisions  of  the  friar-lands  act. 
When  it  is  proposed  to  sell  or  lease  any  portion  of  such  unoccupied  lands  it  wall  be 
necessary  for  the  director  of  lands  to  notify  the  municipal  president,  who  will  cause 
bandillos  to  be  published  for  three  days  in  the  poblacion  and  the  barrio  or  barrios 
affected,  and  when  the  municipal  president  shall  certify  such  fact  to  the  director  of 
lands  the  latter  shall  proceed  to  sell  or  lease  said  land,  as  the  case  may  be,  giving 
preference  to  a  former  occupant  of  said  land,  if  there  be  one,  and  if  there  has  been 
more  than  one  occupant,  to  the  last  tenant  or  occupant. 

The  said  act  No.  1933  can  not  in  any  way  affect  or  invalidate  the  contracts  of  lease 
or  the  sales  of  such  lands  made  since  the  purchase  thereof  by  the  Government  and 
before  the  passage  of  said  amendment,  but  can  only  apply  to  leases  and  sales  made 
after  its  passage. 

It  follows  therefore  that  all  lands  which  were  vacant  at  the  time  of  the  passage  of 
said  act,  or  which  later  become  vacant  by  surrender  of  leases  or  otherwise,  are  subject 
to  the  provisions  of  said  amendatory  act. 
Very  respectfully, 

Geo.  R.  Harvey,  Solicitor  General. 

Director  op  Lands,  Manila. 

Approved : 

Ignacio  Villamor,  Attorney  General. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  485 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  About  how  many  tenants  are  there  on  the 
friar  lands  now  who  hold  under  leases  or  certifictaes  of  purchase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  not  possible  to  say  with  a  very  great  deal 
of  accuracy.  I  judge  from  the  figures  we  have  for  sales  of  the  last 
two  months,  which  have  just  come  to  me  this  morning,  and  from  the 
figures  as  to  leases,  which  are  complete  up  to  the  1st  of  October, 
showing  some  additional  leases  still  to  be  taken  out,  that  the  total 
number  of  parcels  will  be  somewhere  in  the  vicinity  of  4,000.  Now, 
that  does  not  entirely  represent  the  number  of  lessees,  or  the  number 
of  purchasers,  as  the  case  may  be.  It  happens  sometimes  that  a 
native  has  ten  or  a  dozen  little  parcels  scattered  about,  but  roughly 
the  two  things  correspond;  in  a  great  many  cases,  in  the  majority 
of  cases,  a  native  has  one  single  parcel  of  land. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  reading  your  report  I  gained  the  impression 
that  there  were  about  36,000. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  beg  your  pardon.  I  misspoke  myself;  I 
I  should  have  said  40,000  and  not  4,000. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  About  24,000  more  than  there  were  actual 
occupants  of  the  land  at  the  time  the  title  was  vested  in  the  Philip- 
pine Government  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  taking  it  for  granted  that  you  mean 
by  actual  occupants,  heads  of  families,  or  those  who  would  be  likely 
to  own  land  or  take  out  leases,  and  not  the  total  population  on  the 
estates. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  what  percentage  of  those  who  now  hold 
leases  and  certificates  of  purchase  for  friar  lands  are  Filipinos  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  very  large  percentage;  for  practical  purposes, 
all  of  them.  In  that  memorandum  which  I  read  this  morning,  stat- 
ing the  number  of  sales  and  leases  in  excess  of  16  hectares,  I  fancy 
you  would  find  almost  none  are  Americans  or  Europeans,  for  the 
reason  that  it  would  be  seldom  the  case  that  an  American  or  a  Euro- 
pean would  go  to  farming  on  one  of  those  estates  with  an  area  of  40 
acres  or  less;  he  would  want  more  land  than  that  or  he  would  not 
want  any  at  all.     I  think  that  information  can  perhaps  be  furnished. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  evictions  have  there  been  of  native 
tenants  on  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  W^ORCESTER.  Up  to  the  1st  of  July,  at  the  time  I  made  my 
special  report,  there  had  been  a  total  of  260,  if  I  remember  correctly. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  For  what  causes  were  those  evictions  made  ? 

Mr.  Worcester,  For  nonpayment  of  rent  or  otherwise  failing  to 
conform  to  the  rules  governing  the  rental  of  the  estates;  the  nonpay- 
ment of  rent  would  be  the  almost  invariable  cause. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  there  been  any  evictions  under  that  pro- 
vision of  the  Philippine  statutes  requiring  an  occupant  of  a  parcel  of 
friar  lands  to  designate  or  determine,  within  eight  days  after  being 
notified,  whether  he  will  become  a  lessee  or  purchaser  of  his  posses- 
sions ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  As  far  as  I  know,  none  whatever,  sir.  That  pro- 
vision originated  in  the  Philippine  Assembly,  and  it  was  doubtless  the 
purpose  of  those  who  drafted  it  to  throw  a  safeguard  around  the  thing; 
as  a  matter  of  fact,  they  accomplished  no  such  result,  because  it  had 
always  been  our  custom  to  give  a  very  much  longer  period  than  the 
one  designated.     If  you  read  the  act  carefully,  you  will,  I  think,  find 


486  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

that  all  that  is  necessary  in  order  that  a  man  may  be  protected  in  his 
right  is  that  he  shall  indicate  his  desire  to  lease  or  purchase;  it  does 
not  require  that  he  should  more  than  express  himself,  after  he  is 
requested  by  the  director  of  lands  or  his  agents,  to  state  his  wishes. 

Mr.  CiiUMPACKER.  He  is  not  required  to  lease  or  purchase  within 
eight  days  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  only  to  advise  us  as  to  his  then  intention 
in  the  premises. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  For  the  purpose  of  getting  the  dates  into  the  rec- 
ord, what  was  the  date  of  the  passage  of  the  organic  act  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  the  act  right  here,  sir;  I  will  refer  to  it  in 
a  moment.     This  copy  I  have  here  is  the  act  as  amended. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  was  passed  in  1902. 

Mr.  Garrett.  July  1,  1902. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  When  were  the  friar  lands  acquired,  Mr.  Worcester  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  1903  and  1904,  as  I  remember;  I  had  nothing 
to  do  with  the  purchase  of  those  lands. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  simply  want  to  get  that  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  will  verify  that  date  and  correct  it,  if  my  state- 
ment is  wrong.  I  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  purchase, 'and  therefore 
I  did  not  attempt  to  fix  it  in  my  mind. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Of  course,  the  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands 
did  not  in  any  way  include  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  did  not. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  the  title  to  the  so-called  public  lands  vested  in 
the  United  States  and  the  title  to  the  friar  lands  vested  in  the  Philip- 
pine Government? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  Not  only  did  we  purchase  the  friar 
lands  with  our  own  funds,  raised  by  a  bond  issue  authorized  by  Con- 
gress, but  the  act  of  Congress  expressly  states  that  these  lands  shall 
form  part  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  The  organic  act  made  provision  for  the  future 
acquisition  of  the  friar  lands,  as  I  remember  it? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  I  do  not  want  to  interrupt  anything  that  you  are 
going  to  say,  but  when  you  get  through,  I  would  like  to  ask  you  a 
question. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  not  anything  further  to  say. 

Mr.  RucKER.  You  were  discussing  the  subject  of  exploitation  and 
I  did  not  want  to  interrupt  you. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Before  we  leave  this  subject,  ^ou  spoke  of  the  num- 
ber of  evictions  and  said  there  had  been  260  judgments;  there  were 
3,249  suits  brought,  as  I  understand  it  ?  * 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  have  probably  turned  to  the  table  in  my 
report  which  shows  that. 

Mr.  Parsons.  And  there  were  pending,  on  June  30,  1910,  289;  is 
that  correct  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  That  left  2,700  which  were  compromised.  What 
was  the  character  of  these  compromises  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  people  paid  their  rent  and  went  right  on. 
We  only  brought  suits  enough  to  make  them  understand  that  they 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  487 

must  pay  their  rent ;  you  will  remember  they  had  refused  for  years  to 
pay  any  rent  to  the  friars;  and  it  was  necessary,  under  those  circum- 
stances, that  we  should  on  occasions  resort  to  the  courts  in  order  to 
give  them  a  good  example  and  convince  them  of  the  fact  that  the  rent 
must  be  paid. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  these  compromises  have  anything  to  do  with 
getting  them  to  elect  to  purchase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  the  question  of  whether  they  should 
purchase  or  whether  they  should  lease  has  always  been  with  us  a 
matter  of  entire  insignificance;  you  see,  the  rental  goes  toward  the 
purchase  price  of  the  land;  the  only  difference  that  came  in  there 
was  in  the  amount  of  the  annual  installments.  Our  purpose  in  the 
matter  of  rentals  has  been  to  fix  them  at  approximately  5  per  cent 
of  the  estimated  value  of  the  holdings. 

Mr.  Px\RSONS.  So  whether  they  rented  or  purchased  you  would  get 
enough  to  pay  for  the  bonds  by  the  time  they  matured. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  the  idea;  yes,  sir.  Now  to  continue  this 
subject  of  so-called  exploitation.  The  object  in  acquiring  the  friar 
lands  was  to  get  them  into  the  hands  of  their  occupants  and  to  stop 
the  agitation  in  connection  with  them;  in  that  object  we  have  been 
far  more  successful  than  was  hoped,  and  we  brought  the  change  in 
sentiment  about  in  less  time  than  we  anticipated  it  would  take.  Our 
method  of  dealing  with  these  people  in  the  first  place  was  to  enter 
into  leases  with  them  on  the  basis  of  accepting  their  statement  as  to 
what  they  had  and  their  statements  as  to  its  value.  Later  we 
changed  those  leases  after  a  definite  showing  as  to  the  facts,  so  there 
could  really  be  no  question  or  complaint.  The  trouble  involved  has 
been  very  much  less  than  I  personally  anticipated.  And  if  it  had 
been  possible  for  this  committee  to  come  to  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  go  out  on  these  estates  and  talk  to  the  tenants,  as  we  hoped  you 
would  be  able  to  do,  you  would  have  been  able  to  satisfy  yourselves 
that  there  was  a  spirit  of  contentment  among  them.  However,  I 
wish  to  say  to  this  committee  that  on  some  of  these  estates  this  state 
of  contentment  no  longer  exists;  the  tenants  are  full  of  apprehension; 
they  are  coming  to  the  various  agents  and  asking  when  they  are  going 
to  be  deprived  of  their  lands.  The  reason  for  this  is  this  attack  which 
has  been  made  here.  Word  of  it  has  been  spread  so  that  these  poor 
ignorant  people  who  were  really  perfectly  contented  in  the  holding 
of  their  lands,  have  been  made  to  believe  that  some  mysterious  thing, 
called  a  ^Hroost,^'  as  to  the  exact  nature  of  which  they  are  not 
informed,  is  going  to  take  those  lands  away  from  them. 

The  Chairman.  Are  these  the  people  who  hold  more  than  16 
hectares  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  All  the  people,  because  the  charge  has  been  made 
that  all  the  friar  lands  were  involved  in  this  scandalous  transaction 
that  we  wxTe  ultimately  going  to  force  out  the  small  tenant  and  turn 
the  lands  over  to  the  great  corporations.  Nothing  is  further  from 
our  intention  or  ever  has  been.  Our  efl^ort  has  been  not  only  to 
protect  actual  occupants  on  the  lands,  but,  as  I  have  stated,  to  per- 
suade other  Filipinos  to  come  on  the  lands.  There  has  remained  the 
question  of  what  was  to  be  done  with  the  lands  which  we  could  not 
sell  in  that  way,  for  the  reason  that  there  were  no  occupants,  and  no 
small  tenants  willing  to  go  on  them.  And  that  is  a  question  of  policy 
upon  which  I  shall  ask  to  be  heard  before  these  hearings  adjourn,  but 


488  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

I  do  not  care  to  be  heard  until  all  the  objections  likely  to  be  raised  to 
our  policy  have  been  made,  in  order  that  I  may  answer  them. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  want  to  call  your  attention  to  a  statement  made 
by  Mr.  Martin  in  his  opening  statement,  to  the  effect  that  there  have 
been  memorials  or  petitions  presented  in  opposition,  as  I  understood 
him,  to  the  method  of  handling  friar  lands.  I  think  I  have  stated 
that  substantially  as  he  put  it. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  true,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Hamilton,  Mr.  Martin  did  submit  some  copies 
of  petitions,  newspapers,  and  so  forth,  but  they  were  not,  however,  I 
believe,  placed  in  the  record;  it  was  decided  the  committee  should 
determine  whether  it  shall  consider  the  question  of  policy  in  this 
matter  at  all. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  do  not  care  to  press  the  question,  except  that  it 
bore  directly  upon  the  statement  made  by  Mr.  Worcester  that  there 
was  a  general  condition  of  contentment  among  the  people  under  the 
present  arrangement. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  I  have  said  there  was  a  general  condition 
of  contentment  among  the  tenants. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  also  stated  there  was  some  apprehension 
among  the  people  in  relation  to  what  they  called  a  'Hroost?^' 

Mr.  Worcester.  Because  these  charges  have,  of  course,  come  to 
the  Philippines ;  they  have  been  widely  disseminated  by  the  local 
press;  the  ''grapevine  telegraph"  has  reached  the  people  who  are  too 
Ignorant  to  read  the  papers;  distorted  versions  of  these  charges, 
which,  in  themselves,  were  extravagant  in  the  extreme,  have  reached 
these  people;  they  have  no  criterion  to  judge  by;  they  do  not  know 
the  President  of  the  United  States  or  the  Secretary  of  War  or  these 
other  people  who  are  charged  with  being  back  of  this  movement.  It 
is  a  well-known  fact  that  in  Spanish  days  high  ranking  officials  of  the 
Government  did  sometimes  demean  themselves  by  encouraging  exploi- 
tation in  the  objectionable  sense  of  that  word. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  was  the  custom  under  Spanish  rule  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  like  to  discuss  that  subject  very  fully. 
There  were  scandalous  proceedings  of  that  sort  under  Spanish  rule. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  will  not  press  that  question  at  this  time. 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  the  statements  made  by  Mr.  Martin  are 
admitted  in  evidence  then  I  request  that  I  may  be  heard  as  to  the 
true  nature  of  those  statements. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  will  withhold  my  question  for  the  present.  I 
want  to  call  your  attention  for  a  moment  to  pages  54  and  55  of  your 
report.  You  set  out  certain  advantages  accruing  from  the  manage- 
ment of  the  friar  lands.  Do  you  desire  to  add  anything  to  those 
statements  as  you  have  made  them  ?  As  I  understand  it,  this  state- 
ment is  going  into  the  record. 

The  Chairman.  Not  so  far,  and  I  doubt  that  it  will. 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  regard  to  that  I  wish  to  say  that  there  is  a 
very  wide  difference  between  the  charges  which  Mr.  Martin  has  made 
before  this  committee  and  the  charges  which  he  made  in  his  speech 
on  the  floor  of  the  House.  Now,  if  it  is  understood  that  the  charges 
which  he  made  on  the  floor  of  the  House  are  withdrawn  and  that 
these  charges  he  now  makes  before  the  committee  represent  his 
present  views  of  the  matter,  I  have  no  desire  to  introduce  m  evidence 
my  report  to  the  Governor  General.     If,  however,  it  is  understood 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPHSTE   LANDS.  489 

that  the  charges  made  on  the  floor  of  the  House  stand,  I  shall  request 
the  committee  to  receive  in  evidence  at  the  proper  time  my  reply 
to  them,  because  that  report  was  made  carefully,  with  the  documents 
before  me,  and  it  is  more  comprehensive  than  any  verbal  statement 
which  I  could  make. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  In  this  statement  on  page  54,  under  the  first  sub- 
division, there  is  a  statement  as  to  the  advantages  accruing  from  the 
sale  and  handling  of  these  lands  as  they  are  being  managed. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  I  think  I  have  already,  in  effect,  car- 
ried the  evidence  relative  to  that  into  the  records  in  this  case. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  have  also  set  forth  further  in  your  testimony 
the  advantages  to  Philippine  labor  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Under  the  present  arrangement  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  given,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  on  page  54, 
the  facts  as  to  the  increase  in  wages. 

Mr.  Helm.  Am  I  correct  in  my  understanding  that  tliese  leases 
carry  with  them  the  ultimate  right  of  purchase  1 

Mr.  W^orcester.  Every  one  of  them. 

Mr.  Helm.  Has  there  been  a  disposition  on  the  part  of  anyone  to 
acquire  these  leases  and  transfer  or  sell  that  right  of  ultimate 
purcliase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  among  the  Filipinos  themselves  the 
validity  of  that  right  has  been  recognized  to  such  an  extent  that  it 
has  been  sold  and  bought. 

Mr.  Helm.  A  Filipino  takes  a  lease  and  lie  has  the  right  to  purcliase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  And  the  Filipino  does  transfer  tliat  right  of  ultimate 
purchase  to  others  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  In  the  main,  are  the  transfers  made  to  other  Filipinos 
or  to  those  of  different  nationality? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Almost  invariably  to  other  Filipinos.  It  is  a 
matter  of  small  adjustmeuts  between  the  holdings  of  neighbors,  as  a 
rule. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  this  right  of  purchase  a  right  wliich  a  lessee 
would  have  under  the  law  independent  of  any  contract  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  hold  that  it  is. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  And  can  you  cite,  in  that  connection,  the  law? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  asked  permission  to  introduce  into  the 
record  the  opinion  of  tlie  attorney  general  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
on  which  we  have  based  that  decision.  I  think  that  would  be  more 
satisfactory  than  any  statement  I  could  make. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  thought  that  opinion  related  to  the  right  to  recog- 
nize returning  tenants  who  occupied  it  at  the  time  of  the  purchiuse? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  understood  Mr.  Hamilton's  question  to  refer  to 
something  d iiferent . 

Mr.  Hamilton.  My  question  was  whetlier  they  would  have  the 
right  of  purchase  under  the  law  independent  of  any  contract? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  friar-lands  act  contains  a  provision  which 
we  hold  to  be  mandatory  u]^on  us  to  convey. 

The  Chairman.  When  you  s})eak  of  the  friar-lands  act,  do  you 
refer  to  the  act  passed  by  the  Piiili|)pine  Government? 
82278°— H.  rtept.  22S9,  G1--3 35 


490  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Act  No.  1120  of  the  Philippine  Legislature.  To 
save  the  time  of  the  committee  I  will  give  to  the  stenographer  the 
passage  in  that  act  which  we  hold  imposes  upon  us  this  obligation, 
which  we  can  not  escape  if  we  wished  to  do  so. 

(The  matter  referred  to  is  as  follows:) 

Whereas  by  said  section  sixty-five  of  said  act  of  Congress  the  Government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  is  empowered  to  lease  the  said  lands  after  their  acquisition  for  a 
period  not  exceeding  three  years,  and  to  sell  the  same  on  such  terms  and  conditions 
as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  contained  in  said  act 
of  Congress:  Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be 
payable  in  the  money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the 
bonds  authorized  to  be  issued  and  sold  for  the  purpose  of  realizing  the  money  neces- 
sary to  pay  for  said  lands  by  section  sixty-four  of  said  act  of  Congress,  and  that  said 
deferred  payments  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  said  bonds:  And  provided 
further,  That  all  moneys  realized  or  received  from  the  sales  or  other  disposition  of 
said  lands,  or  by  reason  thereof,  shall  constitute  a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  prin- 
cipal and  interest  of  said  bonds,  and  also  constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment 
of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity:  And  provided  further,  That  actual  settlers  and  occu- 
pants at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government  shall  have  the  prefer- 
ence over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within  such  reason- 
able time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Government;  and 

Whereas  the  said  lands  are  not  "public  lands"  in  the  sense  in  which  those  words 
are  used  in  the  public-land  act,  numbered  nine  hundred  and  twenty-six,  and  can 
not  be  acquired  or  leased  under  the  provisions  thereof,  and  it  is  necessary  to  provide 
proper  agencies  for  carrying  out  the  time  of  said  contracts  of  purchase  and  the  require- 
ments of  said  act  of  Congress  with  reference  to  the  leasing  and  selling  of  said  lands 
and  the  creation  of  a  sinking  fund  to  secure  the  payment  of  the  bonds  so  issued:  Now, 
therefore, 

By  authority  of  the  United  States,  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  that: 

*  *  -X-  -K-  -Jf  *  * 

Sec.  7.  Upon  the  vesting  of  the  titles  to  said  lands  in  the  Government  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  by  proper  deeds  of  conveyance,  or  sooner  if  so  directed  by  the  civil 
governor,  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  ascertain  the  names  and  resi- 
dences of  the  actual,  bona  fide  settlers  and  occupants  then  in  possession  of  said  lands 
or  of  any  portion  of  them,  together  with  the  extent  of  their  several  holdings  and  the 
character  and  value  thereof.  He  is  also  directed  to  ascertain  from  said  occupants 
whether  they  desire  to  purchase  their  holdings  upon  the  terms  prescribed  in  the  suc- 
ceeding sections. 

Sec.  8.  In  case  any  occupant  in  possession  does  not  desire  to  purchase  his  holding,, 
but  does  desire  to  lease  the  same,  then  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chief  of  the  bureau 
of  public  lands,  after  vesting  of  title,  to  see  that  such  occupant  attorns  in  due  form 
to  the  Government  and  enters  into  a  lease  with  the  usual  covenants  and  agrees  to  pay 
a  reasonable  rental  for  the  use  and  occupation  of  his  holding.  Such  rental  shall  be 
fixed  by  the  chief  of  the  bureau  of  public  lands,  but  in  no  instance  shall  any  lease 
be  made  for  a  longer  term  than  three  years. 

^  *  -x-  *  *  ^  -x- 

Sec.  11.  Should  any  person  who  is  the  actual  and  bona  fide  settler  upon  and  occu- 
pant of  any  portion  of  said  lands  at  the  time  the  same  is  conveyed  to  the  Government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  desire  to  purchase  the  land  so  occupied  by  him,  he  shall  be 
entitled  to  do  so  at  the  actual  cost  thereof  to  the  Government,  and  shall  be  allowed  ten 
years  from  the  date  of  purchase  within  which  to  pay  for  the  same  in  equal  annual 
installments,  if  he  so  desires,  all  deferred  payments  to  bear  interest  at  the  rate  of  four 
per  centum  per  annum. 

*  ^  *  *  *  *  -x- 

Mr.  Hamilton.  You  have  the  same  rectangular  system  of  land 
surveying  in  the  Philippine  Islands  that  we  have  here,  have  you  not  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  survey  in  different  units  from  those  which 
you  employ  here,  but  I  suppose  the  system  is  in  essence  the  same. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  In  the  territory  of  Hawaii  they  have  an  entirely 
different  land  system,  but  I  have  not  had  an  opportunity  to  investi- 
gate as  to  the  rhilippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  the  rectangular  system  of  surveying 
there. 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  491 

Mr.  RucKER.  You  have  spoken  of  the  primitive  mills  and  methods 
of  making  sugar;  do  you  mean  the  crude  sugar? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  we  make  nothing  but  crude  sugar. 

Mr.  KucKER.  There  is  no  refinery  over  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  used  to  be  a  small  refinery  at  Malabon,  a 
short  distance  north  of  Manila;  m}'  impression  is  that  has  loug  since 
gone  out  of  business. 

Mr.  RucKER.  What  is  done  with  this  crude  sugar  that  is  made  over 
there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  put  into  bags  made  of 

Mr.  RucKER.  I  do  not  care  what  kind  of  bags  they  are,  but  where 
does  it  go  ? 

Mr.  VfoRCESTER.  Some  of  it  is  used  locally;  in  a  good  many  places 
they  grow  only  little  patches  of  sugar  cane,  from  which  they  brew 
a  drink  they  call  ^^basi/^  and  sugar  is  sometimes  made  and  stored  in 
small  quantities  for  local  use.  But  in  the  sugar-producing  region  of 
the  island  of  Negros  the  sugar  is  regularly  shipped  to  Iloilo,  which  is 
the  port  of  export. 

Mr.  RucKER.  And  some  of  it  is  shipped  to  China  and  some  of  it  to 
this  country  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  RucKER.  You  import  considerable  refined  sugar  from  China  I 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  import  it  from  Hongkong. 

Mr.  RucKER.  The  refineries  are  at  Hongkong  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Rucker.  Do  you  know  about  how  much  sugar  per  annum  is 
imported  into  the  Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir;  but  I  will  be  glad  to  give  you 
the  figures  to-morrow  morning.  I  can  save  the  time  of  the  committee 
in  that  way;  I  have  the  documents  here  which  will  afford  that 
information. 

Mr.  Rucker.  In  addition  to  that  please  state  how  much  is  exported 
and  to  what  ports. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Right  in  that  connection  I  want  to  ask  some  ques- 
tions. Where  do  those  refineries  at  Hongkong  get  their  sugar  outside 
of  the  Philippines  ?     Do  they  get  it  from  Java  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  really  can  not  tell  you,  but  I  presume  they  do. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  is  the  relation  between  the  sugar  industry  in 
Java  and  the  sugar  undustry  in  the  Philippines  ?  How  much  more 
modern  is  it  in  Java  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  they  have  the  most  modern 
appliances  and  machinery  in  Java.  However,  I  have  never  visited 
that  island. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  it  your  understanding  that  the  Mindoro 
Development  Co.  is  to  refine  sugar  as  well  as  to  manufacture  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  my  understanding  is  they  will  simply 
make  ordinary  commercial  sugar. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Raw  sugar  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  the  practice  is  largely  to  ship  raw  sugar 
from  the  islands  over  to  China  and  import  refined  sugar  for  the  use 
of  those  who  desire  refined  sugar  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 


492  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  tariff  do  you  have  to  pay  on  sugar  from 
Hongkong  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  really  can  not  tell  you,  sir,  but  I  will  find  out 
and  give  the  information  later. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  There  is  a  duty  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  there  is  a  duty. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  It  is  the  same  duty  as  the  United  States  has,  as  I 
understand  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Some  of  that  can  be  shipped  to  the  United  States? 
All  of  it  will  not  go  to  Hongkong  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  will  not  all  go  to  Hongkong. 

Mr.  Parsons.  AVliat  has  been  the  effect  of  the  tariff  act  on  the 
price  of  sugar  shipped  to  Hongkong  ?  Has  it  had  any  effect  on  that 
sugar  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir.  The  effect  of  the  tariff  act 
has  been  greatly  to  encourage  sugar  growing;  there  has  been  a 
marked  stimulation  of  the  sugar  industry  in  Negros  and  other  places, 
and  the  planters  are  cheerful  and  happy;  they  believe  that  at  last 
they  are  going  to  make  money;  they  have  actually  been  making 
money,  I  am  told. 

Mr.  Parsons.  One  point  made  by  the  Taft  party  in  1905  was  that 
free  trade  in  sugar  or  the  lowering  of  the  duties  would  give  the  Philip- 
pines another  market,  that  they  only  had  the  Hongkong  refineries  as 
their  market,  and  the  result  would  be  they  would  get  higher  prices 
from  the  Hongkong  refineries,  and  not  all  of  their  sugar  would  neces- 
sarily come  to  the  United  States.  Do  you  know  whether  that  has 
happened  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  belief  was,  sir,  that  when  there  was  com- 
petition and  when  we  had  another  place  where  we  could  dispose  of 
our  sugar,  the  prices  in  China  and  at  Hongkong  would  increase;  I  do 
not  know  whetlier  that  has  as  yet  occurred  or  not. 

Mr.  Hamili^on.  Is  the  expense  of  refining  sugar  so  great  that  it 
would  not  be  })ossible  for  tlie  P]iiU])pine  Islands  to  build  a  sugar 
refinery  there  after  tliey  had  entered  upon  the  industry  on  a  con- 
siderable scale  ? 

Mr  Worcester.  I  think  it  would  be  entirely  possible  to  do  it,  but 
whether  we  could  successfully  compete  with  Hongkong  or  not  I  am 
not  prepared  to  say. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  think  I  am  right  in  saying  that  in  Hawaii,  for 
instance,  wliere  they  produce  a  great  deal  of  sugar,  they  do  not  refine, 
but  largely  ship  their  raw  sugar  to  the  United  States,  and  then  buy 
back  the  refined  product.  It  always  seemed  to  me  a  rather  remark- 
able state  of  affairs;  I  can  not  understand  why  they  do  not  refine  their 
own  sugar  on  the  ground,  instead  of  making  it  and  transporting  it  to 
the  refineries  in  this  country. 

Mr.  Douglas  Wlien  we  were  returning  from  Porto  Rico  I  was  told 
by  Mr.  Iledeman,  who  is  at  the  head  of  the  Union  concern,  Honolulu, 
and  probably  the  greatest  sugar  engineer  of  the  country,  that  there 
was  no  place  in  the  world  now  or  then — I  do  not  remember  just  when 
it  was— -where  sugar  was  made  and  refined  in  the  same  mill,  but  that 
the  Japanese  proposed  to  do  it  in  Formosa. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  he  say  why  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  said,  as  I  recall  it,  it  was  due  to  the  fact  that 
refining  on  anything  but  a  very  large  scale  was  not  very  profitable, 


ADMINISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  493 

that  the  large  refineries  were  bale  to  do  the  work  at  so  much  less  ex- 
,  pense  and  it  was  more  profitable  for  the  raisers  of  cane  and  makers  of 
sugar  to  sell  the  raw  sugar  and  have  it  refined. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  it  not  true  that  in  the  Philippines  the  great 
bulk  of  the  natives  use  raw  sugar  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  ])ercentage  of  the  people  in  tlie  Philip- 
pines buy  and  use  refined  sugar,  if  you  have  any  idea  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  answer  that  question,  sir.  My  state- 
ment that  most  of  the  people  use  raw  sugar  is  based  on  my  personal 
observations  in  traveling  among  them;  when  you  get  out  in  the 
provinces,  away  from  the  large  towns,  tiiey  are  very  apt  to  give  you 
unrefined  sugar. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  understand  your  idea  is  tliat  the  construction 
of  a  modern  sugar  mill  on  a  plantation  in  the  Phili])pine  Islands 
would  stimulate  the  natives  to  em])loy  more  modern  methods  of 
cane  growing  and  sugar  making. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  no  doubt,  sir,  that  it  will  liave  precisely 
that  effect,  and  no  doubt  that  it  will  lead  them  ultimatcdy  to  combine 
to  raise  the  necessary  capital  and  install  central(  s  of  their  own.  I 
did  not  conclude  m}^  statement  as  to  the  practicability  of  refining  in 
the  Philippines.  In  Hongkong  they  have  very  cluni])  Chinese  labor; 
in  the  provinces  our  daily  wage  averages  half  a  ])eso — tliat  is,  25 
cents  in  gold — but  in  Manila  it  is  much  greater  than  that.  For 
reasonably  skilled  labor  in  Manila  a  peso,  I  suppose,  would  be  a 
fairly  conservative  estimate. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Wliat  is  the  labor  cost  in  Hongkong? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  t(dl  you. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  3  ou  would  enlarge  upon  the  state  ment  you 
made  a  few^  moments  ago  about  the  effect  upon  the  Filipinos,  by 
showing  how,  in  your  oi)inion,  it  is  going  to  benefit  these  small 
native  growers,  or  the  men  who  want  to  take  up  16  hectares  of  land 
and  put  it  in  sugar. 

Mr.  W\)Rcester.  I  tliink  it  is  certain  to  benefit  the  small  grower, 
for  this  reason:  The  Filipino  is  not  fond  of  serving  as  a  chiy  laborer; 
he  prefers  the  system  to  which  he  is  accustomed,  tliat  of  working  on 
shares,  of  working  with  some  one  to  ])roti  ct  him,  as  he  says;  he  likes 
to  be  in  the  '^sombra,'  or  shadow,  of  some  one,  of  some  one  wdio  will 
look  after  his  interests.  Now,  it  has  proved  to  be  the  case  on  the 
Hawaiian  plantations  that  it  is  advantageous  to  let  out  the  cane 
fields  under  cane-cultivating  contracts,  by  which  a  man  takes  a 
smaller  or  larger  tract  of  cane  to  cultiA^ate  and  gets  a  percentage  of 
the  returns.  This  has  been  their  actual  experience.  I  was  so  informed 
by  three  representatives  of  the  sugar  industry  there,  who  were  in  a 
position  to  speak  with  authority,  when  I  visited  the  Ewa  plantation, 
a  few  days  ago.  That  system  is  perfectly  ada])ted  to  the  poorer 
Filipino;  if  he  can  have  a  couple  of  carabaos  and  be  allowed  about 
5  or  10  acres  of  cane,  have  his  cane  milled,  and  be  given  a  fair  per- 
centage of  the  profits,  it  is  a  system  that  will  suit  him  completely. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  order  to  have  it  done  economically,  woukl  lie  not 
have  to  have  the  plowing  done  by  steam  plows  or  the  cultivation 
done  on  a  large  scale  1 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes;  probably  in  preparing  the  land. 

Mr,  Parsons.  How  will  that  affect  him  ? 


494  ADMIISriSTRATIOlSr    OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  would  have  to  contract,  then,  to  cultivate  the 
cane. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Would  not  that  impede  the  tendency  to  small 
ownership  of  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  are  indulging  in  pure  theory.  At  the  present 
time  there  is  not  in  the  Philippines  Islands  a  modern  sugar  planta- 
tion. It  remains  to  be  seen  whether  you  can  employ  labor  in  the  way 
in  which  we  would  employ  it  here  or  whether  it  may  not  ultimately  be 
necessary  to  continue  the  system  that  we  have  in  the  Philippines  at 
present,  and  let  the  tenants  settle  on  the  land  and  do  all  of  the  work, 
mcluding  the  plowing,  in  their  own  way.  I  should  say  that  on  the 
great  San  Jos6  estate,  where  the  land  is  very  level  and  free  from  stones, 
the  plowing  of  the  land  might  be  done  by  machinery  by  the  large 
owner,  if  he  had  tenants  on  the  place,  and  it  probably  would  be  made  a 
consideration;  that  is,  the  natives  would  take  contracts  for  the  plant- 
ing and  subsequent  care  if  the  owner  had  to  plow  it  himself.  It 
might  be  done  that  way,  but  that  remains  to  be  determined;  that  is 
theory.  I  have  no  facts  upon  which  to  base  the  statement,  because 
it  has  always  been  done  the  other  way. 

Mr.  Page.  Would  not  that  make  the  Filipino  a  tenant  rather  than  a 
landowner  and  cultivator  of  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  very  considerable  number  of  Filipinos  would 
be  tenants.  But  you  must  remember  that  there  would  always  be 
Filipinos  of  ability  and  of  means  who  would  be  having  tenants  under 
them;  it  would  not  be  only  the  Americans  or  the  Europeans  who 
would  do  this.  We  have  Filipinos  who  are  extremely  intelligent  and 
capable  business  men.  You  would  have  there  what  you  have  in 
Hawaii;  different  men  would  find  employment  according  to  their 
varying  abilities  and  training;  you  would  have  Filipino  engineers  in 
connection  with  the  sugar  factories;  of  that  I  am  perfectly  satisfied. 
The  largest  engine  room  in  my  department  and  the  second  largest  of 
the  Government  in  Manila  is  to-day  exclusively  operated  by  Filipinos 
and  extremely  well  operated;  we  get  economy  in  fuel  consumption 
and  really  have  scientific  management  of  our  machinery.  You 
would  have  Filipino  chemists.  We  have  sent  3^oung  men  to  this 
country  to  be  educated  in  chemistry  and  they  have  returned,  and  a 
number  of  them  are  to-day  employed  by  the  bureau  of  science,  and 
they  are  rendering  efficient  and  capable  service.  Chemists  are,  of 
course,  necessary  in  connection  with  sugar  plantations,  both  for  the 
problem  of  the  study  of  the  soils  and  fertilizers  and  for  the  proper 
handling  of  the  juice,  in  eliminating  fermentation  and  other  ])rocesses 
of  deterioration.  In  other  words,  there  is  no  reason  why  the  thing, 
from  the  top  to  the  bottom,  should  not  be  managed  by  Filipinos. 
You  would  have  there,  just  as  you  w^ould  have  on  the  large  planta- 
tions in  the  South,  people  who  are  only  fit  for  day  laborers  and  who 
would  never  go  beyond  that  stage.  I  can  not  see  why  there  would 
not  be  opportunity  for  development  so  that  everything  would  depend 
upon  the  capacity  of  the  Filipinos  themselves. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Just  as  it  has  been  in  Porto  Rico? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  not  familiar  wdtli  what  has  occurred  there; 
I  have  been  buried  in  the  Philippines  for  nearly  12  years. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  From  any  knowledge  you  have  on  the  subject, 
are  you  able  to  say  whether  the  management  of  large  plantations 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  495 

on  the  island  of  Cuba  has  in  any  way  discouraged  the  development 
of  small  holdings  in  Cuba  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  really  not  familiar  with  conditions  in 
Cuba  or  in  Porto  Rico. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  have  not  had  an  opportunity  to  ask  any  questions 
at  all  about  this  San  Jose  transaction,  and  before  you  go  from  it  I 
would  like  to  ask  a  question  or  two.  Mr.  Worcester,  I  understand 
that  the  friar-lands  act  of  the  Philippine  Legislature,  to  which  you 
referred,  is  the  act  of  April  26,  1904  % 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  that  is  the  one  to  which  I  referred. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  amendment  to  that  act,  to  which  you  have  referred 
as  removing  restrictions  as  to  the  number  of  acres  of  friar  lands  that 
can  be  sold  to  one  individual,  is  the  act  of  June  3,  1908,  amending 
the  ninth  and  eleventh  sections  of  the  friar-lands  act  % 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  your  date  is  probably  correct,  sir.  It  is 
the  act  which  omitted  the  provision  originally  incorporated  and 
supplying  additions  to  chapter  2  of  the  public-land  act  relative  to 
sales  of  unoccupied  friar  lands.     June  3,  1908,  is  the  date;  yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  have  referred  to  an  opinion  that  was  given  by  the 
law  officer  of  the  land  bureau,  and  Capt.  Sleeper  also  referred  to  that 
opinion.     Can  you  tell  me  the  date  of  that  opinion  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  is  appended  as  an  exhibit  in  my 
report.  The  opinion  of  the  attorney  general  of  the  Philip])ine  Islands 
as  to  whether  the  director  of  lands  has  authority  to  sell  to  an  individ- 
ual or  an  individual  to  purchase  from  the  Government  vacant  and 
unoccu]:ied  lands  constituting  a  portion  of  the  friar-lands  ]>urchase 
without  restriction  to  area  is  the  one  to  which  you  refer  % 

Mr.  Jones.  No,  sir;  the  one  I  refer  to  is  the  ojnnion  of  the  law  offi- 
cer of  the  land  bureau. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  date  does  not  appear  here,  but  it  is  ascer- 
tainable; I  will  get  it  for  you. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  say  the  date  does  not  appear  here;  what  do  you 
mean  by  that  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  referring  to  the  copy  of  that  o]  inion  which 
is  appended  as  exhibit  '^C^'  to  my  report  to  the  Governor  General,  to 
which  I  referred  when  you  interrogated  me  as  to  the  date. 

Mt.  Jones.  Can  you  not  give  us  the  date  of  that  opinion? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Well,  if  you  will  excuse  me  just  a  moment  I  will 
see  whether  or  not  it  is  elsewhere  in  this  report.  Capt.  Sleeper,  who 
asked  for  the  o]:inion,  is  here,  and  I  presume  his  records  contain  the 
letter  which  he  addressed  to  the  law  oilicer  of  his  bureau  requesting 
the  o})inion,  so  we  shall  be  able  to  fix  the  a|)]/roximate  date. 

Mr.  Jones.  As  Capt.  Sleeper  is  here  I  would  suggest  that  he  give 
us  til  at  opinion  now,  if  he  can, 

Capt.  Sleeper.  I  do  not  think  I  can  give  it  ofl'hand;  I  will  look  it 
up.     The  opinion  itself  had  no  date. 

The  Chairman.  Have  you  the  records  here  from  which  you  can 
ascertain  it  ? 

Capt.  Sleeper.  Yes;   I  think  I  can  ascertain  it  from  the  records. 

The  Chairman.  If  you  can,  please  give  it  to  the  stenographer,  so  it 
may  go  in  at  this  point. 

Capt.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(Investigation  of  the  records  showed  that  the  opinion  was  requested 
on  October  12,  1909,  and  was  rendered  a  few^  days  later.  The  exact 
date  could  not  be  fixed.) 


496  ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Worcester,  will  you  please  state  when  Mr.  Strong, 
who  has  been  referred  to  in  this  testimony,  first  came  to  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  for  the  purpose  of  looking  into  this  question  of  purchasing 
friar  lands  or  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  Mr.  Strong  came  early  in  the  year  1909, 
Mr.  Jones.  I  was  not  in  Manila  at  the  time  he  came;  I  was  making 
my  trip  through  northern  Luzon,  and  as  far  as  I  can  remember  I 
have  never  met  Mr.  Strong. 

Mr.  Jones.  Will  you  please  state  when  Messrs.  Poole  and  Prentiss 
first  came  to  the  Philippine  Islands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Capt.  Sleeper  tells  me  they  presented  themselves 
at  his  office  on  the  12th  of  October. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  year? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Last  year — 1909. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  think  you  said,  Mr.  Worcester,  in  the  course  of  your 
testimony,  or  Mr.  Sleeper — I  do  not  recall  which  of  you  gentlemen 
made  the  statement — that  Mr.  Poole  stated  that  he  had  been 
informed  by  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  here  in  Washington  that 
he  could  not  purchase  more  than  16  hectares  of  friar  lands;  did  he 
make  that  statement  to  you  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  statement,  Mr.  Jones,  was  that  his 
attorney  or  his  attorneys  had  been  so  informed.  I  did  not  gain  the 
impression  that  Mr.  Poole  himself  had  ever  consulted  with  the 
authorities  here. 

Mr.  Jones.  Did  you  or  not  state  that  you  thought  the  reason  why 
the  Insular  Affairs  Bureau  had  made  that  statement  to  Mr.  Poolers 
attorney  was  that  they  did  not  know  of  the  amendment  passed  by 
the  Philippine  Legislature  to  the  friar-lands  act  of  1904? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  took  it  for  granted,  Mr.  Jones,  that  Mr.  Poolers 
statement  was  correct,  and  that  the  bureau  had  so  informed  his 
attorneys,  but  I  understand  now  that  this  was  not  the  case.  But, 
taking  it  for  granted  that  this  statement  was  correct,  and  I  had  no 
reason  to  doubt  it,  the  only  explanation  which  occurred  to  me  as 
possible  was  that  they  had  overlooked  the  intent  and  effect  of  the 
amendatory^  act,  which  would  not  have  been  noticed  except  by 
comparing  it  with  the  original.  The  amendment  consisted  in  the 
leaving  out  of  a  passage,  not  in  the  carrying  in  of  anything;  so  that 
comparison  with  the  original  act  would  probably  have  been  neces- 
sary to  show  what  was  accomplished.  I  thought  that  they  had 
simply  missed  the  purpose  of  the  act;  and  that  was  my  reason  for 
writing  Gen.  Edwards,  as  I  did  under  date  of  October  21,  1909,  call- 
ing his  attention  to  the  passage  of  this  act  and  to  its  effect. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  did  not  occur  to  you  at  all,  then,  that  the  Insular 
Affairs  Bureau  had  based  its  alleged  opinion  upon  the  organic  act 
passed  by  Congress  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  because  I  took  it  for  granted  that  if 
that  had  happened  they  would  promptly  have  communicated  with 
us  and  called  our  attention  to  the  fact  that  we  had  exceeded  our 
powers  in  passing  act  No.  1847.  It  is  perfectly  evident  that  the 
Philippine  Commission  can  not  carry  into  legislation  anything  that 
the  Congress  has  prohibited.  Such  a  provision  would  be  inoperative, 
and  I  take  it  for  granted  that  any  discovery  of  such  unauthorized 
action  made  here  would  be  immediately  called  to  our  attention. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that  as  soon  as  the  Insular  Affairs 
Bureau  called  your  attention  to  this  doubtful  question  of  law,  or 


ADMINISTRATION    OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  497 

the  construction  of  the  law,  you  suspended  all  action  with  reference 
to  the  sale  of  this  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  not  quite  that  way,  sir.  The  doubt  as 
to  the  lawfulness  of  our  proposed  action,  so  far  as  it  was  called  to 
the  attention  of  any  one,  was  by  us  called  to  the  attention  of  the 
people  at  this  end  of  the  line,  and  my  reason  for  suspending  my 
action  on  the  sales  certificate  was  the  telegram  of  November  23, 
1909,  addressed  by  the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  to  the 
governor  general,  stating  that  the  Secretary  of  War  desired  full 
information  by  cable  relating  to  this  matter,  and  desired  that  we 
should  not  consummate  the  sale  until  he  had  considered  the  question » 
I  thought  that  he  might  be  considering  it  as  a  matter  of  policy. 
Obviously  we  have  had  demonstrations  of  the  fact  that  there  was 
abundant  grounds  for  so  considering  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Worcester,  is  it  your  opinion  or  not  that  the  legis- 
lature of  the  Philippine  Islands  has  the  full  authority — this,  of  course, 
under  the  provisions  of  the  organic  law  of  1902 — to  legislate  with 
reference  to  this  land  without  reference  to  what  the  Insular  Affairs 
Bureau  at  Washington  may  think  about  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Certainly,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Your  opinion  is  that  you  have  not  to  be  guided  by 
any  suggestions  that  may  come  from  the  Insular  Affairs  Bureau 
here  if  you  are  acting  within  a  law  of  the  Philippine  Islands  which 
the  legislature  had  the  right  to  enact  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  So  far  as  I  am  aware,  there  is  no  authority 
vested  in  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  or  any  of  its  officers  to  dictate 
to  us  in  the  matter  of  legislation.  Of  course,  if  they  made  sugges-^ 
tions  these  would  be  entitled  to  very  careful  consideration,  but  I 
hold  that  we  were  at  liberty  to  enact  such  legislation  as  we  deemed 
to  be  in  the  interest  of  the  islands,  regardless  of  their  opinion,  so  far 
as  the  legal  question  is  concerned. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  believe  that  the  Bureau  of  Insular  Affairs  has  no 
right  to  control  your  action  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Certainly. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  it  acts  solely  in  the  capacity,  if  I  may  so  speak^ 
of  a  clearing  house  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  can  not  tell  me,  then,  Mr.  Worcester,  whether  that 
opinion  of  the  law  oflicer  of  the  land  office  in  the  islands  was  prior 
to  or  subsequent  to  the  passage  of  that  amendment  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  amendment  to  the  friar-land  act,  removing 
the  restriction  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  it  was  long  subsequent  to  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  Do  you  know  what  gave  rise  tt)  that  opinion? 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  impression  is  that  it  was  this  particular 
question. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  beg  your  pardon;  it  was  what  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  impression  at  the  moment  is  that  it  was  given 
in  connection  with  this  discussion.  I  remember  distinctly  that  the 
opinion  of  the  attorney  general  was  given  at  that  time.  We  had 
previously  obtained  an  opinion  from  him,  from  the  attorney  general 
of  the  Philippines,  relative  to  whom  were  to  be  considered  occupants, 
but  we  had  no  doubt  at  all  of  our  ability  to  pass  this  act  removing 


498  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

the  restrictions  and  never  thought  of  requesting  an  opinion  on  it  until 
the  question  was  raised,  and  I  can  not  remember  that  it  was  ever 
raised  until  this  Poole  transaction  came  up. 

Mr.  Jones.  Your  opinion,  then,  is  that  it  was  asked  for  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Poole  proposition,  after  Poole  had  stated  that  there  was 
some  doubt  here  in  Washington  as  to  whether  or  not  an  individual 
could  purchase  more  than  16  hectares  of  these  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  recollection  is  not  really  clear  enough  so  that 
I  would  care  to  stake  much  on  it,  but  the  date  will  show  as  a  matter 
of  fact.  I  can  not  at  present  see  any  other  special  reason  for  request- 
ing it.  This  was  the  first  large  transaction  in  friar  lands  that  had 
come  up,  and  the  doubt  then  arose  on  the  part  of  the  would-be  pur- 
chasers rather  than  on  our  part. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  stated  very  positively,  Mr.  Worcester,  in  the  begin- 
ning of  your  testimony,  I  think,  to-day,  as  to  what  the  law  was  on  the 
subject  of  these  friar  lands.  I  do  not,  of  course,  mean  to  concede  that 
either  you  or  the  Attorney  General  or  anybody  else  could  lay  down 
what  the  law  was  on  this  subject,  and  I  am  not  sure  that  it  is  a 
legitimate  question  to  ask  you,  or  about  which  you  ought  to  make  a 
statement.  Of  course,  I  know  that  you  feel  that  you  were  acting 
within  the  law  when  you  acted  as  you  did  about  these  lauds;  but 
the  question  as  to  whether  the  restrictions  and  limitations  of  section 
15  of  the  organic  law  apply  to  the  lands  referred  to  in  section  65  of 
that  act — that  question  is  one  which  this  committee  is  charged  with 
investigating  and  must  make  a  report  about. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  inasmuch  as  you  did  make  a  quite  positive  state- 
ment as  to  what  the  law  was,  I  want  to  call  your  attention  to  the 
language  of  the  sixty-fifth  section. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  it  you  read  from? 

Mr.  Jones.  The  organic  law  of  1902. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Where  is  it  published? 

Mr.  Jones.  I  have  a  copy  here. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  you  will  find  it  quoted  correctly  on  page 
61  of  my  report,  at  the  bottom  of  the  page. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  will  state,  however,  before  reading  the  law,  that  I 
find  that  in  the  different  publications  where  it  is  quoted  it  is  not 
always  punctuated  just  as  it  is  punctuated  in  the  act  itself,  and  it 
seems  to  me  the  punctuation  has  some  bearing  on  the  construction 
of  the  act.  I  am  reading  from  the  copy  of  the  law  furnished  the 
committee,  Pubhc  Document  No.  235. 

The  Chairman.  You  have  no  objection,  I  suppose,  to  allowing  that 
to  be  inserted — that  is,  the  whole  act. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  is  the  whole  act. 

The  Chairman.  It  would  be  very  convenient  for  it  to  go  into  the 
record. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  think  so.  I  would  like,  Mr.  Chairman,  that  the  act 
as  furnished  to  the  committee.  Public  Document  No.  235,  be  the 
document  that  is  inserted,  because  I  think  the  publication  would  be 
more  apt  to  be  correct  in  that  than  in  some  of  the  copies. 

The  Chairman.  When  you  are  through  with  the  witness,  hand  it  to 
the  stenographer  and  he  will  put  it  in  at  this  point. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  499 

(FollowinG:  is  the  act  referred  to:) 

[Public— No.  235.) 

AN  ACT  Temporarily  to  provide  for  the  administration  of  the  affairs  of  civil  government  In  the  Philippine 

Islands,  and  for  other  purposes. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representativee  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  action  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  in  creating 
the  Philippine  Commission  and  authorizing  said  commission  to  exercise  the  powers  of 
government  to  the  extent  and  in  the  manner  and  form  and  subject  to  the  regulation 
and  control  set  forth  in  the  instructions  of  the  President  to  the  Philippine  Commission, 
dated  April  seventh,  nineteen  hundred,  and  in  creating  the  offices  of  civil  governor 
and  vice-governor  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  authorizing  said  civil  governor  and 
vice-governor  to  exercise  the  powers  of  government  to  the  extent  and  in  the  manner 
and  form  set  forth  in  the  Executive  order  dated  June  twenty-first,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  and  in  establishing  four  executive  departments  of  government  in  said  islands, 
as  set  forth  in  the  act  of  the  Philippine  Commission,  entitled  "An  act  providing  an 
organization  for  the  departments  of  the  interior,  of  commerce  and  police,  of  finance 
and  justice,  and  of  public  instruction,"  enacted  September  sixth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  is  hereby  approved,  ratified,  and  confirmed,  and  until  otherwise  provided  by 
law  the  said  islands  shall  continue  to  be  governed  as  thereby  and  herein  provided,  and 
all  laws  passed  hereafter  by  the  Philippine  Commission  shall  have  an  enacting  clause 
as  follows:  "By  authority  of  the  United  States  be  it  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Com- 
mission." The  provisions  of  section  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-one  of  the  Revised 
Statutes  of  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-eight  shall  not  apply  to  the  Philippine 
Islands. 

Future  appointments  of  civil  governor,  vice-governor,  members  of  said  commis- 
sion, and  heads  of  executive  departments  shall  be  made  by  the  President,  by  and 
with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  action  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  heretofore  taken  by 
virtue  of  the  authority  vested  in  him  as  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Army  and  Navy, 
as  set  forth  in  his  order  of  July  twelfth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  w^liereby 
a  tariff  of  duties  and  taxes  as  set  forth  by  said  order  was  to  be  levied  and  collected  at 
all  ports  and  places  in  the  Philippine  Islands  upon  passing  into  the  occupation  and 
possession  of  the  forces  of  the  United  States,  together  with  the  subsequent  amend- 
ments of  said  order,  are  hereby  approved,  ratified,  and  confirmed,  and  the  actions 
of  the  authorities  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  taken  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  said  order  and  subsequent  amendments,  are  hereby  approved: 
Provided,  That  nothing  contained  in  this  section  shall  be  held  to  amend  or  repeal 
an  act  entitled  "An  act  temporarily  to  provide  revenue  for  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  for  other  purposes,"  approved  March  eighth,  nineteen  hundred  and  two. 

Sec.  3.  That  the  President  of  the  United  States,  during  such  time  as  and  whenever 
the  sovereignty  and  authority  of  the  United  States  encounter  armed  resistance  in 
the  Philippine  Islands,  until  otherwise  provided  by  Congress,  shall  continue  to 
regulate  and  control  commercial  intercourse  with  anj  within  said  islands  by  such 
general  rules  and  regulations  as  he,  in  his  discretion,  may  deem  most  conducive  to 
the  public  interests  and  the  general  welfare. 

Sec.  4.  That  all  inhabitants  of  the  Philippine  Islands  continuing  to  reside  therein 
who  were  Spanish  subjects  on  the  eleventh  day  of  April,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety- 
nine,  and  then  resided  in  said  islands,  and  their  children  born  subsequent  thereto, 
shall  be  deemed  and  held  to  be  citizens  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  as  such  entitled 
to  the  protection  of  the  United  States,  except  such  as  shall  have  elected  to  preserve 
their  allegiance  to  the  Crown  of  Spain  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  treaty 
of  peace  between  the  United  States  and  Spain  signed  in  Paris  December  tenth,  eight- 
een hundred  and  ninety-eight. 

Sec.  5.  That  no  law  shall  be  enacted  in  said  islands  which  shall  deprive  any  person 
of  life,  liberty,  or  property  without  due  process  of  law,  or  deny  to  any  person  therein 
the  equal  protection  of  the  laws. 

That  in  all  criminal  prosecutions  the  accused  shall  enjoy  the  right  to  be  heard  by 
himself  and  counsel,  to  demand  the  nature  and  cause  of  the  accusation  against  him,  to 
have  a  speedy  and  public  trial,  to  meet  the  witnesses  face  to  face,  and  to  have  compul- 
sory process  to  compel  the  attendance  of  witnesses  in  his  behalf. 

That  no  person  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  a  criminal  offense  without  due  process  of 
law;  and  no  person  for  the  same  offense  shall  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of  punishment, 
nor  shall  be  compelled  in  any  criminal  case  to  be  a  witness  against  liimself. 

That  all  persons  shall  before  conviction  be  bailable  by  suflicient  sureties,  except  for 
capital  offenses. 


500  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

That  no  law  impairing  the  obligation  of  contracts  shall  be  enacted. 

That  no  person  shall  be  imprisoned  for  debt. 

That  the  privilege  of  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  shall  not  be  suspended,  unless  when 
in  cases  of  rebellion,  insurrection,  or  invasion  the  public  safety  may  require  it,  in 
either  of  which  events  the  same  may  be  suspended  by  the  President,  or  by  the  gov- 
ernor, with  the  approval  of  the  Philippine  Commission,  wherever  during  such  period 
the  necessity  for  such  suspension  shall  exist. 

That  no  ex  post  facto  law  or  bill  of  attainder  shall  be  enacted. 

That  no  law  granting  a  title  of  nobility  shall  be  enacted,  and  no  person  holding 
any  odice  of  profit  or  trust  in  said  islands,  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Congress 
of  the  United  States,  accept  any  present,  emolument,  office,  or  title  of  any  kind 
whatever  from  any  kir.g,  queen,  prince,  or  foreign  State. 

That  excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor  excessive  fines  imposed,  nor  cruel 
and  unusual  punishment  inflicted. 

That  the  right  to  bo  secure  against  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures  shall  not  be 
violated . 

That  neither  slavery,  nor  involuntary  servitude,  except  as  a  pimishment  for  crime 
whereof  the  party  shall  have  been  duly  convicted,  shall  exist  in  said  islands. 

That  no  law  shall  be  passed  abridging  the  freedom  of  speech  or  of  the  press,  or  the 
right  of  the  people  peaceably  to  assemble  and  petition  the  Government  for  redress 
of  grievances. 

That  no  law  shall  be  made  respecting  an  establishment  of  religion  or  prohibiting 
the  free  exercise  thereof,  and  that  the  free  exercise  and  enjoyment  of  religious  pro- 
fession and  worship,  without  discrimination  or  preference,  shall  forever  be  allowed. 

That  no  money  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  treasury  except  in  pursuance  of  an  appro- 
priation by  law. 

That  the  rule  of  taxation  in  said  islands  shall  be  uniform. 

That  no  private  or  local  bill  which  may  be  enacted  into  law  shall  embrace  more 
than  one  subject,  and  that  subject  shall  be  expressed  in  the  title  of  the  bill. 

That  no  warrant  shall  issue  but  upon  probable  cause,  supported  by  oath  or  affirma- 
tion, and  particularly  describing  the  place  to  be  searched  and  the  person  or  things  to 
be  seized. 

That  all  money  collected  on  any  tax  levied  or  assessed  for  a  special  purpose  shall 
be  treated  as  a  speical  fund  in  the  treasury  and  paid  out  for  such  purpose  only. 

Sec.  6.  That  whenever  the  existing  insurrection  in  the  Philippine  Islands  shall 
have  ceased  and  a  condition  of  general  and  complete  peace  shall  have  been  established 
therein  and  the  fact  shall  be  certified  to  the  President  by  the  Philippine  Commission 
the  President,  upon  being  satisfied  thereof,  shall  order  a  census  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  to  be  takenby  said  Philippine  Commission;  such  census  in  its  inquiries  relat- 
ing to  the  population  shall  take  and  make  so  far  as  practicable  full  report  for  all  the  in- 
habitants, of  name,  age,  sex,  race,  or  tribe,  whether  native  or  foreign  born,  literacy 
in  Spanish,  native  dialect  or  language,  or  in  English,  school  attendance,  ownership  of 
homes,  industrial  and  social  statistics,  and  such  other  information  separately  for  each 
island,  each  province,  and  municipality,  or  other  civil  division,  as  the  President 
and  said  commission  may  deem  necessary:  Provided^  That  the  President  may,  upon 
the  request  of  said  comuiission,  in  his  discretion,  employ  the  service  of  the  Census 
Bureau  in  compiling  and  promulgating  the  statistical  information  above  provided  for, 
and  may  commit  to  such  bureau  any  part  or  portion  of  such  labor  as  to  him  may  seem 
wise. 

Sec.  7.  That  two  years  after  the  completion  and  publication  of  the  census,  in  case 
Buch  condition  of  general  and  complete  peace  with  recognition  of  the  authority  of  the 
United  States  shall  have  continued  in  the  territory  of  said  islands  not  inhabited  by 
Moros  or  other  non-Christian  tribes  and  such  facts  shall  have  been  certified  to  the 
President  by  the  Philippin(;  Commission,  the  President  upon  being  satisfied  thereof 
shall  direct  said  commission  to  call,  and  the  conmiission  shall  call,  a  general  election 
for  the  choice  of  delegates  to  a  popular  assembly  of  the  people  of  said  territory  in  the 
Philippine  Islands,  which  shall  be  known  as  the  Philippine  Assembly.  After  said 
assembly  shall  have  convened  and  organized,  all  the  legislative  power  heretofore 
conferred  on  the  Philippine  Commission  in  all  that  part  of  said  islands  not  inhabited 
by  Moros  or  other  non-Christian  tribes  shall  be  vested  in  a  legislature  consisting  of 
two  houses — the  Philippine  Commission  and  the  Philippine  Assembly.  Said  assem- 
bly shall  consist  of  not  less  than  fifty  nor  more  than  one  hundred  members,  to  be  appor- 
tioned by  said  commission  among  the  provinces  as  nearly  as  practicable  according  to 
population:  Provided^  That  no  province  shall  have  less  than  one  member:  And  pro- 
vided further,  That  provinces  entitled  by  population  to  more  than  one  member  may  be 
divided  into  such  convenic :it  districts  as  the  said  commission  may  deem  best. 

Public  notice  of  such  division  shall  be  given  at  least  ninety  days  prior  to  such  elec- 
tion, and  the  election  shall  be  held  under  rules  and  regulations  to  be  prescribed  by 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  501 

law.  The  qualification  of  electors  in  such  election  shall  be  the  same  as  is  now  pro- 
vided by  law  in  case  of  electors  in  municipal  elections.  The  membeiis  of  assembly 
shall  hold  office  for  two  years  from  the  first  day  of  January  next  following  tlieir  elec- 
tion, and  their  successors  shall  be  chosen  by  the  people  every  second  year  thereafter. 
No  person  shall  be  eligible  to  such  election  who  is  not  a  qualified  elector  of  the  election 
district  in  which  he  may  be  chosen,  owing  allegiance  to  the  United  States,  and  twenty- 
five  years  of  age. 

The  legislature  shall  hold  annual  sessions,  commencing  on  the  first  Monday  of 
February  in  each  year  and  continuing  not  exceeding  ninety  days  thereafter  (Sundays 
and  holidays  not  included) :  Provided^  That  the  first  meeting  of  the  legislature  shall 
be  held  upon  the  call  of  the  governor  within  ninety  days  after  the  first  election:  And 
provided  further ,  That  if  at  the  termination  of  any  session  the  appropriations  necessary 
for  the  support  of  government  shall  not  have  been  made,  an  amount  equal  to  the  sums 
appropriated  in  the  last  appropriation  bills  for  such  purposes  shall  be  deemed  to  be 
appropriated;  and  until  the  legislature  shall  act  in  such  behalf  the  treasurer  may,  with 
the  advice  of  the  governor,  make  the  payments  necessary  for  the  purposes  aforesaid. 

The  legislature  may  be  called  in  special  session  at  any  time  by  the  civil  governor 
for  general  legislation,  or  for  action  on  such  specific  subjects  as  he  may  designate.  No 
special  session  shall  continue  longer  than  thirty  days,  exclusive  of  Sundays. 

The  assembly  shall  be  the  judge  of  the  elections,  returns,  and  qualifications  of  its 
members.  A  majority  shall  constitute  a  quorum  to  do  business,  but  a  smaller  number 
may  adjourn  from  day  to  day  and  may  be  authorized  to  compel  the  attendance  of 
absent  members.  It  shall  choose  its  speaker  and  other  officers,  and  the  salaries  of  its 
members  and  officers  shall  be  fixed  by  law.  It  may  determine  the  rule  of  its  proceed- 
ings, punish  its  members  for  disorderly  behavior,  and  with  the  concurrence  of  two- 
thirds  expel  a  member.  It  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  which  shall  be 
published,  and  the  yeas  and  anys  of  the  members  on  any  question  shall,  on  the  demand 
of  one-fifth  of  those  present,  be  entered  on  the  journal. 

Sec.  8.  That  at  the  same  time  with  the  first  meeting  of  the  Philippine  Legislature, 
and  biennially  thereafter,  there  shall  be  chosen  by  said  legislature,  each  house  voting 
separately,  two  Resident  Commissioners  to  the  United  States,  who  shall  be  entitled 
to  an  official  recognition  as  such  by  all  departments  upon  presentation  to  the  Presi- 
dent of  a  certificate  of  election  by  the  civil  governor  of  said  islands,  and  each  of  whom 
shall  be  entitled  to  a  salary  payable  monthly  by  the  United  States  at  the  rate  of  five 
thousand  dollars  per  annum,  and  two  thousand  dollars  additional  to  cover  all  expenses: 
Provided,  That  no  person  shall  be  eligible  to  such  election  w^ho  is  not  a  qualified  elector 
of  said  islands,  owing  allegiance  to  the  United  States,  and  who  is  not  thirty  years 
of  age. 

Sec.  9.  That  the  supreme  court  and  the  courts  of  first  instance  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  shall  possess  and  exercise  jurisdiction  as  heretofore  provided,  and  such  addi- 
tional jurisdiction  as  shall  hereafter  be  prescribed  by  the  government  of  said  islands, 
subject  to  the  power  of  said  government  to  change  the  practice  and  method  of  pro- 
cedure. The  municipal  courts  of  said  islands  shall  possess  and  exercise  jurisdiction 
as  heretofore  provided  by  the  Philippine  Commission,  subject  in  all  matters  to  such 
alteration  and  amendment  as  may  be  hereafter  enacted  by  law;  and  the  chief  justice 
and  associate  justices  of  the  supreme  court  shall  hereafter  be  appointed  by  the  Presi- 
dent, by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  and  shall  receive  the 
compensation  heretofore  prescribed  by  the  commission  until  otherwise  provided  by 
Congress.  The  judges  of  the  court  of  first  instance  shall  be  appointed  by  the  civil 
governor,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Philippine  Commission:  Provided, 
That  the  admiralty  jurisdiction  of  the  supreme  court  and  courts  of  first  instance  shall 
not  be  changed  except  by  act  of  Congress. 

Sec.  10.  That  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  shall  have  jurisdiction  to 
review,  revise,  reverse,  modify,  or  affirm  the  final  judgments  and  decreon  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  Philipj)ine  Islands  in  all  actions,  cases,  causes,  and  proceedings 
now  pending  therein  or  hereafter  determined  thereby  in  which  the  Constitution  or 
any  statute,  treaty,  title,  right,  or  privilege  of  the  United  States  is  involved,  or  in 
causes  in  which  the  value  in  controversy  exceeds  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  or 
in  which  the  title  or  possession  of  real  estate  exceeding  in  value  the  sum  of  twenty- 
five  thousand  dollars,  to  be  ascertained  by  the  oath  of  either  party  or  of  other  compe- 
tent witnesses,  is  involved  or  brought  in  question;  and  such  final  judgments  or  decrees 
may  and  can  be  reviewed,  revised,  reversed,  modified,  or  affirmed  by  said  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  on  appeal  or  writ  of  error  by  the  party  aggrieved,  in  the 
same  manner,  under  the  same  regulations,  and  by  the  same  procedure,  as  far  as  ap])li- 
cable,  as  the  final  judgments  and  decrees  of  the  circuit  courts  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  11.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  to 
provide  for  the  needs  of  commerce  by  improving  the  harbors  and  navigable  waters  of 


602  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

said  islands  and  to  construct  and  maintain  in  said  navigable  waters  and  upon  the 
shore  adjacent  thereto  bonded  warehouses,  wharves,  piers,  lighthouses,  signal  and 
life-saving  stations,  buoys,  and  like  instruments  of  commerce,  and  to  adopt  and  enforce 
regulations  in  regard  thereto,  including  bonded  warehouses  wherein  articles  not 
intended  to  be  imported  into  said  islands  nor  mingled  with  the  property  therein,  but 
brought  into  a  port  of  said  islands  for  reshipment  to  another  country,  may  be  depos- 
ited m  bond  and  reshipped  to  another  country  without  the  payment  of  customs  duties 
or  charges. 

Sec.  12.  That  all  the  property  and  rights  which  may  have  been  acquired  in  the 
Philippine  Islands  by  the  United  States  under  the  treaty  of  peace  with  Spain,  signed 
December  tenth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  except  such  land  or  other 
property  as  shall  be  designated  by  the  President  of  the  United  States  for  military 
and  other  reservations  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  are  hereby  placed 
under  the  control  of  the  Government  of  said  islands  to  be  administered  for  the  benefit 
of  the  inhabitants  thereof,  except  as  provided  in  this  act. 

Sec.  13.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  subject  to  the  provisions 
of  this  act  and  except  as  herein  provided,  shall  classify  according  to  its  agricultural 
character  and  productiveness,  and  shall  immediately  make  rules  and  regulations  for 
the  lease,  sale,  or  other  disposition  of  the  public  lands  other  than  timber  or  mineral 
lands,  but  such  rules  and  regulations  shall  not  go  into  effect  or  have  the  force  of  law 
until  they  have  received  the  approval  of  the  President,  and  when  approved  by  the 
President  they  shall  be  submitted  by  him  to  Congress  at  the  beginning  of  the  next 
ensuing  session  thereof  and  unless  disapproved  or  amended  by  Congress  at  said  session 
they  shall  at  the  close  of  such  period  have  the  force  and  effect  of  law  in  the  Philippine 
Islands:  Provided,  That  a  single  homestead  entry  shall  not  exceed  sixteen  hectares 
in  extent. 

Sec.  14.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and 
empowered  to  enact  rules  and  regulations  and  to  prescribe  terms  and  conditions  to 
enable  persons  to  perfect  their  title  to  public  lands  in  said  islands,  who,  prior  to  the 
transfer  of  sovereignty  from  Spain  to  the  United  States,  had  fulfilled  all  or  some  of 
the  conditions  required  by  the  Spanish  laws  and  royal  decrees  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Spain  for  the  acquisition  of  legal  title  thereto,  yet  failed  to  secure  conveyance  of  title; 
and  the  Philippine  Commission  is  authorized  to  issue  patents,  without  compensa- 
tion, to  any  native  of  said  islands,  conveying  title  to  any  tract  of  land  not  more  than 
sixteen  hectares  in  extent,  which  were  public  lands  and  had  been  actually  occupied 
by  such  native  or  his  ancestors  prior  to  and  on  the  thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety-eight. 

Sec.  15.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  and 
empowered,  on  such  terms  as  it  may  prescribe,  by  general  legislation,  to  provide  for 
the  granting  or  sale  and  conveyance  to  actual  occupants  and  settlers  and  other  citi- 
zens of  said  islands  such  parts  and  portions  of  the  public  domain,  other  than  timber 
and  mineral  lands  of  the  United  States  in  said  islands,  as  it  may  deem  wise,  not 
exceeding  sixteen  hectares  to  any  one  person,  and  for  the  sale  and  conveyance  of  not 
more  than  one  thousand  and  twenty-four  hectares  to  any  corporation  or  association 
of  persons:  Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price 
be  paid  at  once  or  in  partial  payments,  shall  be  conditioned  upon  actual  and  contin- 
ued occupancy,  improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of 
not  less  than  five  years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate 
or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto;  but  such  restriction  shall  not  apply  to 
transfers  of  rights  and  title  of  inheritance  under  the  laws  for  the  distribution  of  the 
estates  of  decedents. 

Sec  16.  That  in  granting  or  selling  any  part  of  the  public  domain  under  the  pro- 
visions of  the  last  preceding  section,  preference  in  all  cases  shall  be  given  to  actual 
occupants  and  settlers;  and  such  public  lands  of  the  United  States  in  the  actual  pos- 
session or  occupancy  of  any  native  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  not  be  sold  by  said 
Government  to  any  other  person  without  the  consent  thereto  of  said  prior  occupant 
or  settler  first  had  and  obtained:  Provided,  That  the  prior  right  hereby  secured  to  an 
occupant  of  land,  who  can  show  no  other  proof  of  title  than  possession,  shall  not 
apply  to  more  than  sixteen  hectares  in  one  tract. 

Sec.  17.  That  timber,  trees,  forests,  and  forest  products  on  lands  leased  or  demised 
by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  not 
be  cut,  destroyed,  removed,  or  appropriated  except  by  special  permission  of  said 
Government  and  under  such  regulations  as  it  may  prescribe. 

All  moneys  obtained  from  lease  or  sale  of  any  portion  of  the  public  domain  or  from 
licenses  to  cut  timber  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  be  covered 
into  the  insular  treasury  and  be  subject  only  to  appropriation  for  insular  purposes 
according  to  law. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  503 

Sec.  18.  That  the  forest  laws  and  regulations  now  in  force  in  the  Philippine  Islands, 
with  such  modifications  and  amendments  as  may  be  made  by  the  Government  of  said 
islands,  are  hereby  continued  in  force,  and  no  timber  lands  forming  part  of  the  public 
domain  shall  be  sold,  leased,  or  entered  until  the  Government  of  said  islands,  upon  the 
certification  of  the  forestry  bureau  that  said  lands  are  more  valuable  for  agriculture 
than  for  forest  uses,  shall  declare  such  lands  so  certified  to  be  agricultural  in  char- 
acter: Provided,  That  the  said  Government  shall  have  the  right  and  is  hereby  empow- 
ered to  issue  licenses  to  cut,  harvest,  or  collect  timber  or  other  forest  products  on 
reserved  or  unreserved  public  lands  in  said  islands  in  accordance  with  the  forest  laws 
and  regulations  hereinbefore  mentioned  and  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  the 
said  Government  may  lease  land  to  any  person  or  persons  holding  such  licenses,  suffi- 
cient for  a  mill  site,  not  to  exceed  four  hectares  in  extent,  and  may  grant  rights  of 
way  to  enable  such  person  or  persons  to  get  access  to  the  lands  to  which  such  licenses 
apply. 

Sec  19.  That  the  beneficial  use  shall  be  the  basis,  the  measure,  and  the  limit  of 
all  rights  to  water  in  said  islands,  and  the  Government  of  said  islands  is  hereby  author- 
ized to  make  such  rules  and  regulations  for  the  use  of  water,  and  to  make  SAich  reserva- 
tions of  public  lands  for  the  protection  of  the  water  supply,  and  for  other  public  pur- 
poses not  in  conflict  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  as  it  may  deem  best  for  the  pubHc 
good. 

MINERAL   LANDS. 

Sec.  20.  That  in  all  cases  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  valuable  for  min- 
erals shall  be  reserved  from  sale,  except  as  otherwise  expressly  directed  by  law. 

Sec.  21.  That  all  valuable  mineral  deposits  in  public  lands  in  the  Philippine 
Islands,  both  surveyed  and  unsurveyed,  are  hereby  declared  to  be  free  and  open  to 
exploration,  occupation,  and  purchase,  and  the  land  in  which  they  are  found  to  occu- 
pation and  purchase,  by  citizens  of  the  United  States,  or  of  said  islands:  Provided, 
That  when  on  any  lands  of  said  islands  entered  and  occupied  as  agricultural  lands 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  but  not  patented,  mineral  deposits  have  been  found 
the  working  of  such  mineral  deposits  is  hereby^  forbidden  until  the  person,  association' 
or  corporation  who  or  which  has  entered  and  is  occupying  such  lands  shall  have  paid 
to  the  Government  of  said  islands  such  additional  sum  or  sums  as  will  make  the  total 
amount  paid  for  the  mineral  claim  or  claims  in  which  said  deposits  are  located  equal 
to  the  amount  charged  by  the  Government  for  the  same  as  mineral  claims. 

Sec.  22.  That  mining  claims  upon  land  containing  veins  or  lodes  of  quartz  or  other 
rock  in  place  bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar,  lead,  tin,  copper,  or  other  valuable 
deposits,  located  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  whether  located  by  one  or  more  persons 
qualified  to  locate  the  same  under  the  preceding  section,  shall  be  located  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner  and  undser  the  following  conditions :  Any  person  so  qualified  desiring 
to  locate  a  mineral  claim  shall,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  act  with  respect  to 
land  which  may  be  used  for  mining,  enter  upon  the  same  and  locate  a  plot  of  ground 
measuring,  where  possible,  but  not  exceeding,  one  thousand  feet  in  length  by  one 
thousand  feet  in  breadth,  in  as  nearly  as  possible  a  rectangular  form;  that  is  to  say: 
All  angles  shall  be  right  angles,  except  in  cases  where  a  boundary  line  of  a  previously 
surveyed  claim  is  adopted  as  common  to  both  claims,  but  the  lines  need  not  neces- 
sarily be  meridional.  In  defining  the  size  of  a  mineral  claim,  it  shall  be  measured 
horizontally,  irrespective  of  inequalities  of  the  surface  of  the  ground. 

Sec.  23.  That  a  mineral  claim  shall  be  marked  by  two  posts  placed  as  nearly  as 
possible  on  the  line  of  the  ledge  or  vein,  and  the  posts  shall  be  numbered  one  and  two, 
and  the  distance  between  posts  numbered  one  and  two  shall  not  exceed  one  thousand 
feet,  the  line  between  posts  numbered  one  and  two  to  be  known  as  the  location  line; 
and  upon  posts  numbered  one  and  two  shall  be  written  the  name  given  to  the  mineral 
claim,  the  name  of  the  locator,  and  the  date  of  the  location,  upon  post  numbered 
one  there  shall  be  written,  in  addition  to  the  foregoing,  ''Initial  post."  the  approxi- 
mate compass  bearing  of  post  numbered  two,  and  a  statement  of  the  number  of  feet 
lying  to  the  right  and  to  the  left  of  the  line  from  post  numbered  one  to  post  numbered 

two,  thus:  "Initial  post.    Direction  of  post  numbered  two.    feet  of  this 

claim  lie  on  the  right  and feet  on  the  left  of  the  line  from  number  one  to 

number  two  post."  All  the  particulars  required  to  be  put  on  number  one  and  number 
two  posts  shall  be  furnished  by  the  locator  to  the  provincial  secretary,  or  such  other 
officer  as  by  the  Philippine  Government  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder,  in  writ- 
ing, at  the  time  the  claim  is  recorded,  and  shall  form  a  part  of  the  record  of  such  claim. 

Sec.  24.  That  when  a  claim  has  been  located  the  holder  shall  immediately  mark 
the  line  between  posts  numbered  one  and  two  so  that  it  can  be  distinctly  seen.  The 
locator  shall  also  place  a  post  at  the  point  where  he  has  found  minerals  in  place,  on 
which  shall  be  written  "Discovery  post:"   Provided,  That  when  the  claim  is  surveyed 


504 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


the  surveyor  shall  be  guided  by  the  records  of  the  claim,  the  sketch  plan  on  the  back 
of  the  declaration  made  by  the  owner  when  the  claim  was  recorded,  posts  numbered 
one  and  two,  and  the  notice  on  number  one,  the  initial  post. 

EXAMPLES  OF  VARIOUS  MODES  OF  LAYING  OUT  CLAIMS. 


No.  2  post. 

-o 


6GU' 


Discovery  post. O 


o — 

No.  1  post. 


No.  2  post. 


O  Discovery  post. 


250' 


-o- 


No.  2  post. 


Discovery  post.  O 


600' 


-c- 


400' 


No.  1  post. 


No.  1  post. 


Sec.  25.  That  it  shall  not  be  lawful  to  move  number  one  post,  but  number  two  post 
may  be  moved  by  the  deputy  mineral  surveyor  when  the  distance  between  posts 
numbered  one  and  two  exceeds  one  thousand  feet,  in  order  to  place  number  two  post 
one  thousand  feet  from  number  one  post  on  the  line  of  location.  When  the  distance 
between  posts  numbered  one  and  two  is  less  than  one  thousand  feet  the  deputy  min- 
eral surveyor  shall  have  no  authority  to  extend  the  claim  beyond  number  two. 

Sec.  26.  That  the  "location  line"  shall  govern  the  direction  of  one  side  of  the  claim, 
upon,  which  the  survey  shall  be  extended  according  to  this  act. 

Sec.  27.  That  the  holder  of  a  mineral  claim  shall  be  entitled  to  all  minerals  which 
may  lie  within  his  claim,  but  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  mine  outside  the  boundary 
lines  of  his  claim  continued  vertically  downward:  Provided,  That  this  act  shall  not 
prejudice  the  rights  of  claim  owners  nor  claim  holders  whose  claims  have  been  located 
under  existing  laws  prior  to  this  act. 

Sec.  28.  That  no  mineral  claim  of  the  full  size  shall  be  recorded  without  the  appli- 
cation being  accompanied  by  an  affidavit  made  by  the  applicant  or  some  person  on  his 
behalf  cognizant  of  the  facts — that  the  legal  notices  and  posts  have  been  put  up;  that 
mineral  has  been  found  in  place  on  the  claim  proposed  to  be  recorded;  that  the  ground 
applied  for  is  unoccupied  by  any  other  person.  In  the  said  declaration  shall  be  set 
out  the  name  of  the  applicant  and  the  date  of  the  location  of  the  claim.  The  words 
written  on  the  number  one  and  number  two  posts  shall  be  set  out  in  full,  and  as  accu- 
rate d  eascription  as  possible  of  the  position  of  the  claim  given  with  reference  to  some 
natural  object  or  permanent  monuments. 

Sec  29.  That  no  mineral  claim  which  at  the  date  of  its  record  is  known  by  the 
locator  to  be  less  than  a  full-sized  mineral  claim  shall  be  recorded  without  the  word 
*' fraction"  being  added  to  the  name  of  the  claim,  and  the  application  being  accom- 
panicKl  by  an  afiidavit  or  solemn  declaration  made  by  the  applicant  or  some  person 
on  his  behalf  cognizant  of  the  facts:  That  the  legal  posts  and  notices  have  been  put 
up;  that  mineral  has  been  found  in  place  on  the  fractional  claim  proposed  to  be 
recorded;  that  the  ground  applied  for  is  unoccupied  by  any  other  person.  In  the 
said  declaration  shall  be  set  out  the  name  of  the  applicant  and  the  date  of  the  loca- 
tion of  the  claim.  The  words  written  on  the  posts  numbered  one  and  two  shall  be 
set  out  in  full,  and  as  accurate  a  description  as  possible  of  the  position  of  the  claim 
given.  A  sketch  plan  shall  be  drawn  by  the  applicant  on  the  back  of  the  declara- 
tion, showing  as  near  as  may  be  the  position  of  the  adjoining  mineral  claims  and 
the  shape  and  size,  expressed  in  feet,  of  the  claim  or  fraction  desired  to  be  recorded: 
Provided,  That  the  failure  on  the  part  of  the  locator  of  a  mineral  claim  to  comply 
with  any  of  the  foregoing  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  be  deemed  to  invalidate 
Buch  location,  if  upon  the  facts  it  shall  appear  that  such  locator  has  actually  discov- 
ered mineral  in  place  on  said  location,  and  that  there  has  been  on  his  part  a  bona 
fide  attempt  to  comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  that  the  nonobservance 


ADMINISTKATIOIsr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  505 

of  the  formalities  hereinbefore  referred  to  is  not  of  a  character  calculated  to  mislead 
other  persons  desiring  to  locate  claims  in  the  vicinity. 

Sec.  30.  That  in  cases  where,  from  the  nature  or  shape  of  the  ground,  it  is  impos- 
sible to  mark  the  location  line-  of  the  claim  as  provided  by  this  act  then  the  claim 
may  be  marked  by  placing  posts  as  nearly  as  possible  to  the  location  line,  and  noting 
the  distance  and  direction  such  posts  may  be  from  such  location  line,  which  distance 
and  direction  shall  be  set  out  in  the  record  of  the  claim. 

Sec.  31.  That  every  person  locating  a  mineral  claim  shall  record  the  same  with  the 
provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
may  be  described  as  mining  recorder  of  the  district  within  which  the  same  is  situate, 
within  thirty  days  after  the  location  thereof.  Such  record  shall  be  made  in  a  book,  to  be 
kept  for  the  purpose  in  the  office  of  the  said  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer 
as  by  said  Government  described  as  mining  recorder,  in  which  shall  be  inserted  the 
name  of  the  claim,  the  name  of  each  locator,  the  locality  of  the  mine,  the  direction  of 
the  location  line,  the  length  in  feet,  the  date  of  location,  and  the  date  of  the  record.  A 
claim  which  shall  not  have  been  recorded  within  the  prescribed  period  shall  be  deemed 
to  have  been  abandoned. 

Sec.  32.  That  in  case  of  any  dispute  as  to  the  location  of  a  mineral  claim  the  title  to 
the  claim  shall  be  recognized  according  to  the  priority  of  such  location,  subject  to  any 
question  as  to  the  validity  of  the  record  itself  and  subject  to  the  holder  having  com- 
plied with  all  the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  33.  That  no  holder  shall  be  entitled  to  hold  in  his,  its,  or  their  own  name  or  in 
the  name  of  any  other  person,  corporation,  or  association  more  than  one  mineral  claim 
on  the  same  vein  or  lode. 

Sec  34.  That  a  holder  may  at  any  time  abandon  any  mineral  claim  by  giving  notice, 
in  writing,  of  such  intention  to  abandon,  to  the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other 
officer  as  by  the  Government  of  the  Phili^Jpine  Islands  may  be  described  as  mining 
rc^corder;  and  from  the  date  of  the  record  of  such  notice  all  his  interest  in  such  claim 
shall  cease. 

Sec.  35.  That  proof  of  citizenship  under  the  clauses  of  this  act  relating  to  mineral 
lands  may  consist,  in  the  case  of  an  individual,  of  his  own  affidavit  thereof;  in  the 
case  of  an  association  of  persons  unincorporated,  of  the  affidavit  of  their  authorized 
agent  made  on  his  own  knowledge  or  upon  information  and  belief;  and  in  the  case  of  a 
corporation  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  or  of  any  State  or  Ter- 
ritory thereof,  or  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  by  the  filing  of  a  certified  copy  of  their 
charter  or  certificate  of  incorporation. 

Sec.  36.  That  the  United  States  Philippine  Commission  or  its  successors  may 
make  regulations,  not  in  conflict  with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  governing  the  loca- 
tion, manner  of  recording,  and  amount  of  work  necessary  to  hold  possession  of  a  mining 
claim,  subject  to  the  following  requirements: 

On  each  claim  located  after  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  until  a  patent  has  been 
issued  therefor,  not  less  than  one  hundred  dollars  worth  of  labor  shall  be  performed 
or  improvements  made  during  each  year:  Provided,  That  upon  a  failure  to  comply 
with  these  conditions  the  claim  or  mine  upon  which  such  failure  occurred  shall  be 
open  to  relocation  in  the  same  manner  as  if  no  location  of  the  same  had  ever  been 
made,  provided  that  the  original  locators,  their  heirs,  assigns,  or  legal  representatives, 
have  not  resumed  work  upon  the  claim  after  failure  and  before  such  location.  Upon 
the  failure  of  any  one  of  several  coowners  to  contribute  his  proportion  of  the  expend- 
itures required  thereby,  the  coowners  who  have  performed  trie  labor  or  made  the 
improvements  may,  at  the  expiration  of  the  year,  give  such  delinquent  coowner 
personal  notice  in  writing,  or  notice  by  publication  in  the  newspaper  published 
nearest  the  claim,  and  in  two  newspapers  published  at  Manila,  one  in  the  En.<i:lish 
language  and  the  other  in  the  Spanish  language,  to  be  designated  by  the  chief  of  the 
Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands,  for  at  least  once  a  week  for  ninety  days, 
and  if,  at  the  expiration  of  ninety  days  after  such  notice  in  writing  or  by  publication, 
such  delinquent  shall  fail  or  refuse  to  contribute  his  proportion  of  the  expenditure 
required  by  this  section  his  interest  in  the  claim  shall  become  the  property  of  his 
coowners  who  have  made  the  required  expenditures.  The  period  within  which  the 
work  required  to  be  done  annually  on  all  unpatented  mineral  claims  shall  commence 
on  the  first  day  of  January  succeeding  the  date  of  location  of  such  claim. 

Sec.  37.  That  a  patent  for  any  land  claimed  and  located  for  valuable  mineral  depos- 
its may  be  obtained  in  the  following  manner:  Any  person,  association,  or  corporation 
authorized  to  locate  a  claim  under  this  act,  having  claimed  and  located  a  piece  of  land 
for  such  purposes,  who  has  or  have  complied  with  the  terms  of  this  act,  may  file  in  the 
office  of  the  provincial  secretary,  or  such  other  ofhcer  as  by  the  government  of  said 
islands  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder  of  the  province  wherein  the  land  claimed 
is  located,  an  application  for  a  patent,  under  oath,  showing  such  compliance,  together 
with  a  plat  and  field  notes  of  the  clnim  or  claim-  in  comioon,  made  by  or  under  the 

82278°— IT.  Ropt.  22S0,  OMJ :M\ 


506  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

direction  of  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands,  showing  accu- 
rately the  boundaries  of  the  claim,  which  shall  be  distinctly  marked  by  monuments 
on  the  ground,  and  shall  post  a  copy  of  such  plat,  together  with  a  notice  of  such 
application  for  a  patent,  in  a  cpnspicuous  place  .on  the  land  embraced  in  such 
plat  previous  to  the  filing  of  the  application  for  a  patent,  and  shall  file  an  affidavit  of 
at  least  two  persons  that  such  notice  has  been  duly  posted,  and  sliall  file  a  cox^y  of 
the  notice  in  such  office,  and  shall  thereupon  be  entitled  to  a  patent  for  the  land,  in 
the  manner  following:  The  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Philip- 
pine Government  may  be  described  as  mining'^recorder,  upon  the  filing  of  such  appli- 
cation, plat,  field  notes,  notices,  and  affidavits,  shall  publish  a  notice  that  such  an 
application  has  been  made,  once  a  week  for  the  period  of  sixty  days,  in  a  newspaper 
to  be  by  him  designated  as  nearest  to  such  claim  and  in  two  newspapers  published 
at  Manila,  one  in  the  English  language  and  one  in  the  Spanish  language,  to  be  desig- 
nated by  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands;  and  he  shall  also 
post  such  notice  in  his  office  for  the  same  period.  The  claimant  at  the  time  of  filing 
this  application,  or  at  any  time  thereafter  within  the  sixty  days  of  publication,  shall 
file  wdth  the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Philippine  Govern- 
ment may  be  described  as  mining  recorder  a  certificate  of  the  chief  of  the  Philippine 
insular  bureau  of  public  lands  that  five  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  labor  has  been 
expended  or  improvements  made  upon  the  claim  by  himself  or  grantors;  that  the 
plat  is  correct,  with  such  further  description  by  such  reference  to  natural  objects  or 
permanent  monuments  as  shall  identify  the  claim,  and  furnish  an  accurate  description 
to  be  incorporated  in  the  patent.  At  the  expiration  of  the  sixty  days  of  publication 
the  claimant  shall  file  his  affidavit,  showing  that  the  plat  and  notice  have  been  posted 
in  a  conspicuous  place  on  the  claim  during  such  period  of  publication.  If  no  adverse 
claim  shall  have  been  filed  with  the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by 
the  government  of  said  islands  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder  at  the  expiration 
of  the  sixty  days  of  publication,  it  shall  be  assimied  that  the  applicant  is  entitled  to  a 
patent  upon  the  payment  to  the  provincial  treasurer  or  the  collector  of  internal  revenue 
of  five  dollars  per  acre  and  that  no  adverse  claim  exists,  and  thereafter  no  objection 
from  third  parties  to  the  issuance  of  a  patent  shall  be  heard,  except  it  be  shown  that 
the  applicant  has  failed  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  this  act:  Provided,  That  w^here 
the  claimant  for  a  patent  is  not  a  resident  of  or  within  the  province  wherein  the  land 
containing  the  vein,  ledge,  or  deposit  sought  to  be  patentecl  is  located  the  application 
for  patent  and  the  affidavits  required  to  be  made  in  this  section  by  the  claimant  for 
such  patent  may  be  made  by  his,  her,  or  its  authorized  agent  where  said  agent  is  con- 
versant w^ith  the  facts  sought  to  be  established  by  said  affidavits. 

Sec.  38.  That  applicants  for  mineral  patents,  if  residing  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
province  or  military  department  wherein  the  claim  is  situated,  may  make  the  oath 
or  affidavit  required  for  proof  of  citizenship  before  the  clerk  of  any  court  of  record, 
or  before  any  notary  public  of  any  province  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  any  other 
official  in  said  islands  authorized  by  law  to  administer  oaths. 

Sec.  39.  That  where  an  adverse  claim  is  filed  during  the  period  of  publication  it 
shall  be  upon  oath  of  the  person  or  persons  making  the  same,  and  shall  show  the 
nature,  boundaries,  and  extent  of  such  adverse  claim,  and  all  proceedings,  except 
the  publication  of  notice  and  making  and  filing  of  the  affidavits  thereof,  shall  be 
stayed  until  the  controversy  shall  have  been  settled  or  decided  by  a  court  of  com- 
petent jurisdiction  or  the  adverse  claim  waived.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  adverse  claimant,  within  thirty  days  after  filing  his  claim,  to  com- 
mence proceedings  in  a  court  of  competent  jurisidiction  to  determine  the  ques- 
tion of  the  right  of  possession,  and  prosecute  the  same  with  reasonable  diligence  to 
final  judgment,  and  a  failure  so  to  do  shall  be  a  waiver  of  his  adverse  claim.  After  such 
judgment  shall  have  been  rendered  the  party  entitled  to  the  possession  of  the  claim, 
or  any  portion  thereof,  may,  without  giving  further  notice,  file  a  certified  copy  of  the 
judgment  roll  with  the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Government 
of  the  Philippine  Islands  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder,  together  with  the 
certificate  of  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands  that  the  requisite 
amount  of  labor  has  been  expended  or  improvements  made  thereon,  and  the  descrip- 
tion required  in  other  cases,  and  shall  pay  to  the  provincial  treasurer  or  the  collector 
of  internal  revenue  of  the  province  in  which  the  claim  is  situated,  as  the  case  may  be, 
five  dollars  per  acre  for  his  claim,  together  with  the  proper  fees,  whereupon  the  whole 
proceedings  and  the  judgment  roll  shall  be  certified  by  the  provincial  secretary  or 
such  other  officer  as  by  said  Government  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder  to  the 
secretary  of  the  interior  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  a  patent  shall  issue  thereon  for 
the  claim,  or  such  portion  thereof  as  the  applicant  shall  appear,  from  the  decision  of 
the  court,  rightly  to  possess.  The  adverse  claim  may  be  verified  by  the  oath  of 
any  duly  authorized  agent  or  attorney  in  fact  of  the  adverse  claimant  cognizant  of 
the  facts  stated;  and  the  adverse  claimant,  if  residing  at  the  time  being  beyond 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  507 

the  limits  of  the  province  wherein  the  claim  is  situated,  may  make  oath  to  the  adverse 
claim  before  the  clerk  of  any  court  of  record,  or  any  notary  public  of  any  province 
or  military  department  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  any  other  officer  authorized 
to  administer  oaths  where  the  adverse  claimant  may  then  be.  If  it  appears  from 
the  decision  of  the  court  that  several  parties  are  entitled  to  separate  and  different 
portions  of  the  claim,  each  party  may  pay  for  his  portion  of  the  claim,  with  the  proper 
fees,  and  file  the  certificate  and  description  by  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular 
bureau  of  public  lands,  whereupon  the  provincial  secretary,  or  such  other  ofiicer  as 
by  the  government  of  said  islands  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder,  shall  certify 
the  proceedings  and  judgment  roll  to  the  secretary  of  the  interrior  for  the  Philippine 
Islands,  as  in  the  preceding  case,  and  patents  shall  issue  to  the  several  parties  accord- 
ing to  their  respective  rights.  If  in  any  action  brought  pursuant  to  this  section  title 
to  the  ground  in  controversy  shall  not  be  established  by  either  party,  the  court  shall 
so  find,  and  judgment  shall  be  entered  accordingly.  In  such  case  costs  shall  not  be 
allowed  to  either  party,  and  the  claimant  shall  not  proceed  in  the  office  of  the  pro- 
vincial secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Government  of  said  islands  may  be 
described  as  mining  recorder  or  be  entitled  to  a  patent  for  the  ground  in  controversy 
until  he  shall  have  perfected  his  title.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  construed 
to  prevent  the  alienation  of  a  title  conveyed  by  a  patent  for  a  mining  claim  to  any 
person  whatever. 

Sec.  40.  That  the  description  of  mineral  claims  upon  surveyed  lands  shall  designate 
the  location  of  the  claim  with  reference  to  the  lines  of  the  public  surveys,  but  need 
not  conform  therewith;  but  where  a  patent  shall  be  issued  for  ckiims  upon  unsur- 
veyed  lands  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands  in  extending 
the  surveys  shall  adjust  the  same  to  the  boundaries  of  such  patented  claim  according 
to  the  plat  or  description  thereof,  but  so  as  in  no  case  to  interfere  with  or  change  the 
location  of  any  such  patented  claim. 

Sec.  41.  That  any  person  authorized  to  enter  lands  under  this  act  may  enter  and 
obtain  patent  to  lands  that  are  chiefly  valuable  for  building  stone  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  relative  to  placer  mineral  claims. 

Sec.  42,  That  any  person  authorized  to  enter  lands  under  this  act  may  enter  and 
obtain  patent  to  lands  containing  petroleum  or  other  mineral  oils  and  chiefly  valuable 
therefor  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  relative  to  placer  mineral  claims. 

Sec.  43.  That  no  location  of  a  placer  claim  shall  exceed  sixty-four  hectares  for  any 
association  of  persons,  irrespective  of  the  number  of  persons  composing  such  associa- 
tion, and  no  such  location  shall  include  more  than  eight  hectares  for  an  individual 
claimant.  Such  locations  shall  conform  to  the  laws  of  the  United  States  Philippine 
Commission,  or  its  successors,  with  reference  to  public  surveys,  and  nothing  in  this 
section  contained  shall  defeat  or  impair  any  bona  fide  ownership  of  land  for  agricul- 
tural purposes  or  authorize  the  sale  of  the  improvements  of  any  bona  fide  settler  to 
any  purchaser. 

Sec.  44.  That  where  placer  claims  are  located  upon  surveyed  lands  and  conform  to 
legal  subdivisions,  no  further  survey  or  plat  shall  be  required,  and  all  placer  mining 
claims  located  after  the  date  of  passage  of  this  act  shall  conform  as  nearly  as  practicable 
to  the  Philippine  system  of  public-land  surveys  and  the  regular  subdivision  of  such 
surveys;  but  where  placer  claims  can  not  be  conformed  to  legal  subdivisions,  survey 
and  plat  shall  be  made  as  on  unsurveyed  lands;  and  where  by  the  segregation  of  min- 
eral lands  in  any  legal  subdivision  a  quantity  of  agricultural  land  less  than  sixteen 
hectares  shall  remain,  such  fractional  portion  of  agricultural  land  may  be  entered  by 
any  party  qualified  by  law  for  homestead  purposes. 

Sec  45,  That  where  such  person  or  association,  they  and  their  grantors,  have  held 
and  worked  theu'  claims  for  a  period  equal  to  the  time  prescribed  by  the  statute  of 
limitations  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  evidence  of  such  possession  and  working  of  the 
claims  for  such  period  shall  be  sufficient  to  establish  a  right  to  a  patent  thereto  under 
this  act,  in  the  absence  of  any  adverse  claim ;  but  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  deemed 
to  impair  any  lien  which  may  have  attached  in  any  way  whatever  prior  to  the  issuance 
of  a  patent. 

Sec,  46.  That  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands  may  appoint 
competent  deputy  mineral  surveyors  to  survey  mining  claims.  The  expenses  of  the 
survey  of  vein  or  lode  claims  and  of  the  survey  of  placer  claims,  together  with  the 
cost  of  publication  of  notices,  shall  be  paid  by  the  applicants,  and  they  shall  be  at 
liberty  to  obtain  the  same  at  the  most  reasonable  rates,  and  they  shall  also  be  at  lib- 
erty to  employ  any  such  deputy  mineral  surveyor  to  make  the  survey.  The  chief  of 
the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands  shall  also  have  power  to  establish  the 
maximum  charges  for  surveys  and  publication  of  notices  under  this  act;  and  in  case 
of  excessive  charges  for  publication  he  may  designate  any  newspaper  published  in  a 
province  where  mines  are  situated,  or  in  Manila,  for  the  publication  of  mining  notices 


508  ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

and  fix  the  rates  to  be  charged  by  such  paper;  and  to  the  end  that  the  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  public  lands  may  be  fully  informed  on  the  subject  such  applicant  shall  file 
with  the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Government  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands  may  be  described  as  mining  recorder,  a  sworn  statement  of  all  charges 
and  fees  paid  by  such  applicant  for  publication  and  surveys,  and  of  all  fees  and  money 
paid  the  provincial  treasurer  or  the  collector  of  internal  revenue,  as  the  case  may  be, 
which  statement  shall  be  transmitted,  with  the  other  papers  in  the  case,  to  the  sec- 
retary of  the  interior  for  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Sec.  47.  That  all  affidavits  required  to  be  made  under  this  act  may  be  verified 
before  any  officer  authorized  to  administer  oaths  within  the  province  or  military 
department  where  the  claims  may  be  situated,  and  all  testimony  and  proofs  may  be 
taken  before  any  such  officer,  and,  when  duly  certified  by  the  officer  taking  the  same, 
shall  have  the  same  force  and  effect  as  if  taken  before  the  proper  provincial  secretary 
or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  may  be  described 
as  mining  recorder.  In  cases  of  contest  as  to  the  mineral  or  agricultural  character 
of  land  the  testimony  and  proofs  may  be  taken  as  herein  provided  on  personal  notice 
of  at  least  ten  days  to  the  opposing  party;  or  if  such  party  can  not  be  found,  then  by 
publication  at  least  once  a  week  for  thirty  days  in  a  newspaper  to  be  designated  by  the 
provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  said  Government  may  be  described  as 
mining  recorder  published  nearest  to  the  location  of  such  land  and  in  two  newspapers 
published  in  Manila,  one  in  the  English  language  and  one  in  the  Spanish  language, 
to  be  designated  by  the  chief  of  the  Philippine  insular  bureau  of  public  lands;  and 
the  provincial  secretary  or  such  other  officer  as  by  said  Government  may  be  described 
as  mining  recorder  shall  require  proofs  that  such  notice  has  been  given. 

Sec.  48.  That  where  nonmineral  land  not  contiguous  to  the  vein  or  lode  is  used  or 
occupied  by  the  proprietor  of  such  vein  or  lode  for  mining  or  milling  purposes,  such 
nonadjacent  surface  ground  may  be  embraced  and  included  in  an  application  for  a 
patent  for  such  vein  or  lode,  and  the  same  may  be  patented  therewith,  subject  to  the 
same  preliminary  requirements  as  to  survey  and  notice  as  are  applicable  to  veins  or 
lodes;  but  no  location  of  such  nonadjacent  land  shall  exceed  two  hectares,  and  pay- 
ment for  the  same  must  be  made  at  the  same  rate  at  fixed  by  this  act  for  the  superficies 
of  the  lode.  The  owner  of  a  quartz  mill  or  reduction  works  not  owning  a  mine  in  con- 
nection therewith  may  also  receive  a  patent  for  his  mill  site  as  provided,  in  this  section. 

Sec.  49.  That  as  a  condition  of  sale  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  may 
provide  rules  for  working,  policing,  and  sanitation  of  mines,  and  rules  concerning 
easements,  drainage,  water  rights,  right  of  way,  right  of  government  survey  and 
inspection,  and  other  necessary  means  to  their  complete  development  not  incon- 
sistent with  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  those  conditions  shall  be  fully  expressed 
in  the  patent.  The  Philippine  Commission,  or  its  successors,  are  hereby  further 
empowered  to  fix  the  bonds  of  deputy  mineral  surveyors. 

Sec.  50.  That  whenever  by  i)riority  of  possession  rights  to  the  use  of  water  for 
mining,  agriculture,  manufacturing,  or  other  purposes  have  vested  and  accrued  and 
the  same  are  recognized  and  acknowledged  by  the  local  customs,  laws,  and  the  deci- 
sions of  courts,  the  possessors  and  owners  of  such  vested  rights  shall  be  maintained 
and  protected  in  the  same,  and  the  right  of  way  for  the  construction  of  ditches  and 
canals  for  the  purposes  herein  specified  is  acknowledged  and  confirmed,  but  whenever 
any  person,  in  the  construction  of  any  ditch  or  canal,  injures  or  damages  the  possession 
of  any  settler  on  the  public  domain,  the  party  committing  such  injury  or  damage 
shall  be  liable  to  the  party  injured  for  such  injury  or  damage. 

Sec.  51.  That  all  patents  granted  shall  be  subject  to  any  vested  and  accrued  water 
rights,  or  rights  to  ditches  and  reservoirs  used  in  connection  with  such  water  rights  as 
may  have  been  acquired  under  or  recognized  by  the  preceding  section. 

Sec.  52.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philipx)ine  Islands  is  authorized  to  establish 
establish  land  districts  and  provide  for  the  appointment  of  the  necessary  officers 
wherever  they  may  deem  the  same  necessary  for  the  public  convenience,  and  to 
further  provide  that  in  districts  where  land  offices  are  established  proceedings  required 
by  this  act  to  be  had  before  provincial  officers  shall  be  had  before  the  proper  officers  of 
such  land  offices. 

Sec.  53.  That  every  person  above  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  who  is  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States,  or  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  who  has  acquired  the  rights  of  a  native 
of  said  islands  under  and  by  virtue  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  or  any  association  of  persons 
severally  qualified  as  above,  shall,  upon  application  to  the  proper  provincial  treasurer, 
have  the  right  to  enter  any  quality  of  vacant  coal  lands  of  said  islands  not  otherwise 
appropriated  or  reserved  by  competent  authority,  not  exceeding  sixty-four  hectares  to 
Buch  individual  person,  or  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  hectares  to  such  association 
upon  payment  to  the  provincial  treasurer  or  the  collector  of  internal  revenue,  as  the 
case  may  be,  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  dollars  per  hectare  for  such  lands,  where  the 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  509 

same  shall  be  situated  more  than  fifteen  miles  from  any  completed  railroad  or  available 
harbor  or  navigable  stream,  and  not  less  than  fifty  dollars  per  hectare  for  such  lands  as 
shall  be  within  fifteen  miles  of  such  road,  harbor,  or  stream :  Provided^  That  such  entries 
shall  be  taken  in  squares  of  sixteen  or  sixty-four  hcctiiros,  in  conformity  with  the  rules 
and  regulations  governing  the  public-land  surveys  of  the  said  islands  in  plotting  legal 
subdivisions. 

Sec.  54.  That  any  person  or  association  of  persons,  severally  qualified  as  above 
provided,  who  have  opened  and  improved,  or  sliall  hereaft<T  open  and  improve,  any 
coal  mine  or  mines  upon  the  public  lands,  and  shall  be  in  actual  possession  of  the 
same,  shall  be  entitled  to  a  preference  right  of  entry  under  the  preceding  section,  of 
the  mines  so  opened  and  improved. 

Sec.  55.  That  all  claims  under  the  preceding  section  must  be  presented  to  the 
proper  provincial  secretary  within  sixty  days  after  the  date  of  actual  possession  and 
the  commencement  of  imjjrovements  on  the  land  by  the  filing  of  a  declaratory  state- 
ment therefor;  and  where  the  improvements  shall  have  been  made  prior  to  the  expi- 
ration of  three  months  from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  sixty  days  from  the 
expiration  of  such  three  months  shall  be  allowed  for  the  filing  of  a  declaratory  state- 
ment; and  no  sale  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  allowed  until  the  expiration 
of  six  months  from  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  act. 

Sec.  56.  That  the  three  preceding  sections  shall  be  held  to  authorize  only  one  entry 
by  the  same  person  or  association  af  persons;  and  no  association  of  persons,  any  member 
of  which  shall  have  taken  the  benefit  of  such  sections,  either  as  an  individual  or  as  a 
member  of  any  other  association,  shall  enter  or  hold  any  other  lands  under  the  pro- 
visions thereof;  and  no  member  of  any  association  which  shall  have  taken  the  benefit 
of  such  section  shall  enter  or  hold  any  other  lands  under  their  provisions;  and  all 
persons  claiming  under  section'  fifty-eight  shall  be  required  to  j)rove  their  respective 
rights  and  pay  for  the  lands  filed  upon  wdthin  one  year  from  the  time  prescribed  for 
filing  their  respective  claims;  and  upon  failure  to  file  the  proper  notice  or  to  pay  for 
the  land  within  the  required  period,  the  same  shall  be  subject  to  entry  by  any  other 
qualified  applicant. 

Sec.  57.  That  in  case  of  conflicting  claims  upon  coal  lands  where  the  improvements 
shall  be  commenced  after  the  date  of  the  passage  of  this  act,  priority  of  possession  and 
improvement,  followed  by  proper  filing  and  continued  good  faith,  shall  determine  the 
preference  right  to  purchase.  And  also  where  improvements  have  already  been  made 
prior  to  the  passage  of  this  act,  division  of  the  land  claimed  may  be  made  by  legal  sub- 
divisions, which  shall  conform  as  nearly  as  practicable  with  the  subdivisions  of  land 
provided  for  in  this  act,  to  include  as  near  as  may  be  the  valuable  improvements  of 
the  respective  parties.  The  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  authorized  to 
issue  all  needful  rules  and  regulations  for  carrying  into  effect  the  provisions  of  this  and 
preceding  sections  relating  to  mineral  lands. 

Sec  58.  That  whenever  it  shall  be  made  to  appear  to  the  secretary  of  any  province 
or  the  commander  of  any  military  department  in  the  Philippine  Islands  that  any  lands 
within  the  province  are  saline  in  character,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  provincial  secre- 
tary or  commander,  under  the  regulations  of  the  Governrnent  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
to  take  testimony  in  reference  to  such  lands,  to  ascertain  their  true  character,  and  to 
report  the  same  to  the  secretary  of  the  interior  for  the  Philippine  Islands;  and  if,  upon 
such  testimony,  the  secretary  of  the  interior  shall  find  that  such  lands  are  saline  and 
incapable  of  being  purchased  under  any  of  the  laws  relative  to  the  public  domain,  then 
and  m  such  case  said  lands  shall  be  offered  for  sale  at  the  office  of  the  provincial  secre- 
tary or  such  other  officer  as  by  the  said  Government  may  be  described  as  mining  re- 
corder of  the  province  or  department  in  which  the  same  shall  be  situated,  as  the  case 
may  be,  under  such  regulations  as  may  be  prescribed  by  said  Government  and  sold  to 
the  highest  bidder,  for  cash,  at  a  price  of  not  less  than  three  dollars  per  hectare;  and  in 
case  such  lands  fail  to  sell  when  so  offered,  then  the  same  shall  be  subject  to  private 
sale  at  such  office,  for  cash,  at  a  price  not  less  than  three  dollars  per  hectare;  in  the 
same  manner  as  other  lands  in  the  said  islands  are  sold.  All  executive  proclamations 
relating  to  the  sales  of  public  saline  lands  shall  be  published  in  only  two  newspapers, 
one  printed  in  the  English  language  and  one  in  the  Spanish  language,  at  Manila,  which 
shall  be  designated  by  said  secretary  of  the  interior. 

Sec.  59.  That  no  act  granting  lands  to  provinces,  districts,  or  municipalities  to  aid 
in  the  construction  of  roads,  or  for  otlier  public  purposes,  shall  be  so  construed  as  to 
embrace  mineral  lands,  which,  in  all  cases,  are  reserved  exclusively,  unless  otherwise 
specially  provided  in  the  act  or  acts  making  the  grant. 

Sec  60.  That  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  affect  the  rights  of  any  person, 
partnership,  or  corporation  having  a  valid,  perfected  mining  concession  granted  prior 
to  April  eleventh,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-nine,  but  all  such  concessions  shall 
be  conducted  under  the  provisions  of  the  law  in  force  at  the  time  they  were  granted, 
subject  at  all  times  to  cancellation  by  reason  of  illegality  in  the  procedure  by  which 


510  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

they  were  obtained,  or  for  failure  to  comply  with  the  conditions  prescribed  as  requisite 
to  their  retention  in  the  laws  under  which  they  were  granted:  Provided,  That  the 
owner  or  owners  of  every  such  concession  shall  cause  the  corners  made  l)y  its  bound- 
aries to  be  distinctly  marked  with  permanent  monuments  within  six  months  after 
this  act  has  been  promulgated  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  that  any  concessions  the 
boundaries  of  which  are  not  so  marked  within  this  period  shall  be  free  and  open  to 
explorations  and  purchase  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  61.  That  mining  rights  on  public  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands  shall,  after 
the  passage  of  this  act,  be  acquired  only  in  accordance  with  its  provisions. 

Sec.  62.  That  all  proceedings  for  the  cancellation  of  perfected  Spanish  concessions 
shall  be  conducted  in  the  courts  of  the  Philippine  Islands  having  jurisdiction  of  the 
subject-matter  and  of  the  parties,  unless  the  United  States  Philippine  Commission, 
or  its  successors,  shall  create  special  tribunals  for  the  determination  of  such  contro- 
versies. 

AUTHORITY  FOR  THE   PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS  GOVERNMENT  TO  PURCHASE  LANDS  OF  RELI- 
GIOUS   ORDERS   AND   OTHERS   AND   ISSUE    BONDS   FOR   PURCHASE   PRICE. 

Sec.  63.  That  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized,  sub- 
ject to  the  limitations  and  conditions  prescribed  in  this  act,  to  acquire,  receive,  hold, 
maintain,  and  convey  title  to  real  and  personal  property,  and  may  acquire  real  estate 
for  public  uses  by  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  eminent  domain. 

Sec  64.  That  the  powers  hereinbefore  conferred  in  section  sixty-three  may  also  be 
exercised  in  respect  of  any  lands,  easements,  appurtenances,  and  hereditaments  which, 
on  the  thirteenth  of  August,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-eight,  were  owned  or  held 
by  associations,  corporations,  communities,  religious  orders,  or  private  individuals  in 
such  large  tracts  or  parcels  and  in  such  manner  as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commission 
injuriously  to  affect  the  peace  and  welfare  of  the  people  of  the  Philippine  Islands. 
And  for  the  purpose  of  providing  funds  to  acquire  the  lands  mentioned  in  this  section 
said  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  empowered  to  incur  indebtedness, 
to  borrow  money,  and  to  issue,  and  to  sell  at  not  less  than  par  value,  in  gold  coin  of 
the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the  equivalent  in  value  in  money 
of  said  islands,  upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  deem  best,  registered  or 
coupon  bonds  of  said  government  for  such  amount  as  may  be  necessary,  said  bonds 
to  be  in  denominations  of  fifty  dollars  or  any  multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a 
rate  not  exceeding  four  and  a  half  per  centum  per  annum,  payable  quarterly,  and  to 
be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  said  government  after  dates  named  in  said  bonds,  not 
4ess  than  five  nor  more  than  thirty  years  from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with 
interest  thereon,  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value  or  the 
equivalent  in  v^lue  in  money  of  said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from 
the  payment  of  all  taxes  or  duties  of  said  government,  or  any  local  authority  therein, 
or  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  as  well  as  from  taxation  in  any  form  by  or 
under  State,  municipal,  or  local  authority  in  the  United  States  or  the  Philippine 
Islands.  The  moneys  which  may  be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale  of 
said  bonds  shall  be  applied  by  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  to  the  acquisi- 
tion of  the  property  authorized  by  this  section,  and  to  no  other  purposes. 

Sec.  65.  That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute 
;a  part  and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
and  may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed,  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years  after  their  acquisition  by  said  Government  on  such  terms  and  conditions 
as  it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act: 
Provided,  That  all  deferred  payments  and  the  interest  thereon  shall  be  payable  in  the 
money  prescribed  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  the  bonds  authorized 
to  be  issued  in  payment  of  said  lands  by  the  preceding  section  and  said  deferred 
payments  shall  bear  interest  at  the  rate  borne  by  the  bonds.  All  money  realized  or 
received  from  sales  or  other  disposition  of  said  lands  or  by  reason  thereof  shall  con- 
stitute a  trust  fund  for  the  payment  of  principal  and  interest  of  said  })onds,  and  also 
•constitute  a  sinking  fund  for  the  payment  of  said  bonds  at  their  maturity.  Actual 
settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  said  lands  are  acquired  by  the  Government  shall 
have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their  holdings  within 
such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said  Government. 

MUNICIPAL   BONDS    FOR   PUBLIC   IMPROVEMENTS. 

Sec  66.  That  for  the  purpose  of  providing  funds  to  construct  sewers,  to  furnish 
adequate  sewer  and  drainage  facilities,  to  secure  a  sufficient  supply  of  water,  and  to 
provide  all  kinds  of  municipal  betterments  and  improvements  in  municipalities,  the 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  under  such  limitations,  terms,  and  conditions 


ADMINISTEATIOIST   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  511 

as  it  may  prescribe,  with  the  consent  and  approval  of  the  President  and  the  Congress 
of  the  United.  States,  may  permit  any  municipality  of  said  islands  to  incur  indebt- 
edness, borrow  money,  and  to  issue  and  sell  (at  not  less  than  par  value  in  gold  coin 
of  the  United  States)  registered  or  coupon  bonds  in  such  amount  and  payable  at  such 
time  as  may  be  determined  by  the  Government  of  said  islands,  with  interest  thereon 
not  to  exceed  five  per  centum  per  annum:  Provided,  That  the  entire  indebtedness  of 
any  municipality  under  this  section  shall  not.exceed  five  per  centum  of  the  assessed 
valuation  of  the  property  in  said  municipality,  and  any  olDligation  in  excess  of  such 
limit  shall  be  null  and  void. 

Sec.  67.  That  all  municipal  bonds  shall  be  in  denominations  of  fifty  dollars,  or  any 
multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  no  exceeding  five  per  centum  per  annum, 
payable  quarterly,  such  bonds  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  the  government  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  after  dates  names  in  said  bonds  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than 
thirty  years  from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with  the  interest  thereon,  in  gold 
coin  of  the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value,  or  its  equivalent  in  value  in 
money  of  the  said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the  payment  of  all 
taxes  or  duties  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  or  any  local  authority 
therein,  or  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  68.  That  all  moneys  which  may  be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale 
of  said  bonds  shall  be  utilized  under  authorization  of  the  government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  in  providing  the  municipal  improvements  and  betterment  which  induced  the 
issue  and  sale  of  said  bonds,  and  for  no  other  piirpose. 

Sec.  69.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall,  by  the  levy  and 
collection  of  taxes  on  the  municipality,  its  inhabitants  and  their  property,  or  by  other 
means,  make  adequate  provision  to  meet  the  obligation  of  the  bonds  of  such  niunici- 
pality,  and  shall  create  a  sinking  fund  sufficient  to  retire  them  and  pay  interest  thereon 
in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  issue:  Provided,  That  if  said  bonds  or  any  portion 
thereof  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  funds  of  the  Government  of  said  islands,  such  munici- 
pality shall  reimburse  said  Government  for  the  sum  thus  paid,  and  said  Government  is 
hereby  empowered  to  collect  said  sum  by  the  levy  and  collection  of  taxes  on  such 
municipality. 

Sec  70.  That  for  the  purpose  of  providing  funds  to  construct  sewers  in  the  city 
of  Manila  and  to  furnish  it  with  an  adequate  sewer  and  drainage  system  and  supply 
of  water  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  with  the  approval  of  the  President 
of  the  United  States  first  had,  is  hereby  authorized  to  permit  the  city  of  Manila  to 
incur  indebtedness,  to  borrow  money,  and  to  issue  and  sell  (at  not  less  than  par  value 
in  ^old  coin  of  the  United  States),  upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  it  may  deem  best, 
registered  or  coupon  bonds  of  the  city  of  Manila  to  an  amount  not  exceeding  four  mil- 
lion dollars  law^ful  money  of  the  United  States,  payable  at  such  time  or  times  as  may 
be  determined  by  said  Government,  with  interest  thereon  not  to  exceed  five  per 
centum  per  annum. 

Sec.  71.  That  said  coupon  or  registered  bonds  shall  be  in  denominations  of  fifty 
dollars  or  any  multiple  thereof,  bearing  interest  at  a  rate  not  exceeding  five  per 
centum  per  annum,  payable  quarterly,  such  bonds  to  be  payable  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  after  dates  named  in  said  bonds  not  loss  than 
five  nor  more  than  thirty  years  from  the  date  of  their  issue,  together  with  the  interest 
thereon  in  gold  coin  of  the  United  States  of  the  present  standard  value,  or  the  equiva- 
lent in  value  in  money  of  the  said  islands;  and  said  bonds  shall  be  exempt  from  the 
payment  of  all  taxes  or  duties  of  the  Government  of  the  said  islands,  or  of  any  local 
authority  therein,  or  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States. 

Sec  72.  That  all  moneys  which  may  be  realized  or  received  from  the  issue  and  sale 
of  said  bonds  shall  be  utilized  under  authorization  of  said  Government  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  in  providing  a  suitable  sewer  and  drainage  system  and  adequate  supply  of 
w^ater  for  the  city  of  Manila  and  for  no  other  purpose. 

Sec  73.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall,  by  the  levy  and  col- 
lection of  taxes  on  the  city  of  Manila,  its  inhabitants  and  their  property,  or  by  other 
means,  make  adequate  provision  to  meet  the  obligation  of  said  bonds  and  shall  create  a 
sinking  fund  sufificient  to  retire  them  and  pay  the  interest  thereon  in  accordance  with 
the  terms  of  issue:  Provided,  That  if  said  bonds  or  any  portion  thereof  shall  be  paid  out 
of  the  funds  of  the  Government  of  said  islands,  said  city  shall  reimburse  said  Govern- 
ment for  the  sum  thus  paid,  and  said  Government  is  hereby  empowered  to  collect  said 
sum  by  the  levy  and  collection  of  taxes  on  said  city. 

franchises. 

Sec  74.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  may  grant  franchises, 
privileges,  and  concessions,  including  the  authority  to  exercise  the  right  of  eminent 
domain,  for  the  construction  and  operation  of  works  of  public  utility  and  service,  and 


512  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

may  authorize  said  works  to  be  constructed  and  maintained  over  and  across  the  public 
property  of  the  United  States,  including  streets,  highways,  squares,  and  reservations, 
and  over  similar  property  of  the  Government  of  said  islands,  and  may  adopt  rules  and 
regulations  under  which  the  provincial  and  municipal  Governments  of  the  islands  may 
grant  the  right  to  use  and  occupy  such  public  property  belonging  to  said  provinces 
or  municipalities:  Provided^  That  no  private  property  shall  be  taken  for  any  purpose 
under  this  section  without  just  compensation  paid  or  tendered  therefor,  and  that  such 
authority  to  take  and  occupy  land  shall  not  authorize  the  taking,  use,  or  occupation 
of  any  land  exce])t  such  as  is  required  for  the  actual  necessary  purposes  for  which  the 
franchise  is  granted,  and  that  no  franchise,  privilege,  or  concession  shall  be  granted 
to  any  corporation  except  under  the  conditions  that  it  shall  be  subject  to  amend- 
ment, alteration,  or  repeal  by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  that  lands  or 
rights  of  use  and  occupation  of  lands  thus  granted  shall  revert  to  the  governments  by 
which  they  were  respectively  granted  upon  the  termination  of  the  franchises  and  con- 
cessions under  which  they  were  granted  or  upon  their  revocation  or  repeal.  That  all 
franchises,  privileges,  or  concessions  granted  under  this  act  shall  forbid  the  issue  of 
stock  or  bonds  except  in  exchange  for  actual  cash  or  for  property  at  a  fair  valuation 
equal  to  the  par  value  of  the  stock  or  bonds  so  issued;  shall  forlDid  the  declaring  of 
stock  or  bond  dividends,  and,  in  the  case  of  public-service  corporations,  shall  provide 
for  the  effective  regulation  of  the  charges  thereof,  for  the  official  inspection  and  regu- 
lation of  the  books  and  accounts  of  such  corporations,  and  for  the  payment  of  a  rea- 
sonable percentage  of  gross  earnings  into  the  treasury  of  the  Philippine  Islands  or  of 
the  province  or  municipality  within  which  such  franchises  are  granted  and  exercised: 
Provided  further,  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  corporation  organized  under  this 
act,  or  for  any  person,  company,  or  corporation  receiving  any  grant,  franchise,  or 
concession  from  the  Government  of  said  islands,  to  use,  employ,  or  contract  for  the 
labor  of  persons  claimed  or  alleged  to  be  held  in  involuntary  servitude;  and  any  per- 
son, company,  or  corporation  so  violating  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  forfeit  all 
charters,  grants,  franchises,  and  concessions  for  doing  business  in  said  islands,  and  in 
addition  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  an  offense,  and  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not 
less  than  ten  thousand  dollars. 

Sec.  75.  That  no  corporation  shall  be  authorized  to  conduct  the  business  of  buying 
and  selling  real  estate  or  be  permitted  to  hold  or  own  real  estate  except  such  as  may 
be  reasonably  necessary  to  enable  it  to  carry  out  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  created, 
and  every  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  shall  by  its  charter  be 
restricted  to  the  ownership  and  control  of  not  to  exceed  one  thousand  and  twenty-four 
hectares  of  land;  and  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  member  of  a  corporation  engaged  in 
agriculture  or  mining  and  for  any  corporation  organized  for  any  purpose  except  irri- 
gation to  be  in  anywise  interested  in  any  other  corporation  engaged  in  agriculture  or 
m  mining.  Corporations,  however,  may  loan  funds  upon  real-estate  security  and 
purchase  real  estate  when  necessary  for  the  collection  of  loans,  but  they  shall  dispose 
of  real  estate  so  obtained  within  five  years  after  receiving  the  title.  Corporations  not 
organized  in  the  Philippine  Islands  and  doing  business  therein  shall  be  bound  by  the 
provisions  of  this  section  so  far  as  they  are  applicable. 


Sec  76.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  hereby  authorized  to 
establish  a  mint  at  the  city  of  Manila,  in  said  islands,  for  coinage  purposes,  and  the 
coins  hereinafter  authorized  may  be  coined  at  said  mint.  And  the  said  Government 
is  hereby  authorized  to  enact  laws  necessary  for  such  establishment:  Provided,  That 
the  laws  of  the  United  States  relating  to  mints  and  coinage,  so  far  as  applicable,  are 
hereby  extended  to  the  coinage  of  said  islands. 

Sec.  77^  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  authorized  to  coin,  for 
use  in  saia  islands,  a  coin  of  the  denomination  of  fifty  centavos  and  of  the  weight  of 
one  hundred  and  ninety-two  and  nine-tenths  grains,  a  coin  of  the  denomination  of 
twenty  centavos  and  of  the  weight  of  seventy-seven  and  sixteen  one-hundredths 
grains,  and  a  coin  of  the  denomination  of  ten  centavos  and  of  the  weight  of  thirty-eight 
and  fifty-eight  one-hundredths  grains,  and  the  standard  of  said  silver  coins  shall  be 
such  that  of  one  thousand  parts  by  weight  nine  hundred  shall  be  of  pure  metal  and 
one  hundred  of  alloy,  and  tne  alloy  shall  be  of  copper. 

Sec  78.  That  the  subsidiary  silver  coins  authorized  by  the  preceding  section  shall 
be  coined  under  the  authority  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  in  such 
amounts  as  it  may  determine,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  war  of  tht^  United 
States,  from  silver  bullion  purchased  by  said  Government,  with  the  approval  of  the 
Secretary  of  War  of  the  United  States:  Provided,  That  said  Government  may  in  addi- 
tion and  in  its  difcretion  recoin  the  Spanish  Filipino  dollars  and  subsidiary  silver 
coins  issued  under  the  authority  of  the  Spanish  Government  for  use  in  said  islands 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  513 

into  the  subsidiary  coins  provided  for  in  the  preceding  section  at  such  rate  and  under 
Buch  regulations  as  it  may  prescribe,  and  the  subsidiary  silver  coins  authorized  by 
this  section  shall  be  legal  tender  in  said  islands  to  the  amount  of  ten  dollars. 

Sec.  79.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  is  also  authorized  to  issue 
minor  coins  of  the  denominations  of  one-half  centavo,one  centavo,  and  five  centavos, 
and  such  minor  coins  shall  be  legal  tender  in  said  islands  for  amounts  not  exceeding 
one  dollar.  The  alloy  of  the  five-centavo  piece  shall  be  of  copper  and  nickel,  to  be 
composed  of  three-fourths  copper  and  one-fourth  nickel.  The  alloy  of  the  one-centavo 
and  one-half-centavo  pieces  shall  be  ninety-five  per  centum  of  copper  and  five  per 
centum  of  tin  and  zinc,  in  such  proportions  as  shall  be  determined  by  said  govern- 
ment. The  weight  of  the  five-centavo  piece  shall  be  seventy-seven  and  sixteen- 
hundredths  grains  troy,  and  of  the  one-centavo  piece  eighty  grains  troy,  and  of  the  one- 
half-centavo  piece  forty  grains  troy. 

Sec  80.  That  for  the  purchase  of  metal  for  the  subsidiary  and  minor  coinage,  author- 
ized by  the  preceding  sections,  an  appropriation  may  be  made  by  the  Government  of 
the  Philippine  Islands  from  its  current  funds,  which  shall  be  reimbursed  from  the 
coinage  under  said  sections;  and  the  gain  or  seigniorage  arising  therefrom  shall  be  paid 
into  the  treasury  of  said  islands. 

Sec.  81.  That  the  subsidiary  and  minor  coinage  hereinbefore  authorized  may  be 
coined  at  the  mint  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  at  Manila,  or  arrange- 
ments may  be  made  by  the  said  Government  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the 
United  States  for  their  coinage  at  any  of  the  mints  of  the  United  States,  at  a  charge 
covering  the  reasonable  cost  of  the  work. 

Sec.  82.  That  the  subsidiary  and  minor  coinage  hereinbefore  authorized  shall  bear 
devices  and  inscriptions  to  be  prescribed  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands 
and  such  devices  and  inscriptions  shall  express  the  sovereignty  of  the  United  States, 
that  it  is  a  coin  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  the  denomination  of  the  coin,  and  the  year 
of  the  coinage. 

Sec.  83.  That  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  have  the  power  to 
make  all  necessary  appropriations  and  all  proper  regulations  for  the  redemption  and 
reissue  of  worn  or  defective  coins  and  for  carrying  out  all  other  provisions  of  this  act 
relating  to  coinage. 

Sec.  84.  That  the  laws  relating  to  entry,  clearance,  and  manifests  of  steamships  and 
other  vessels  arriving  from  or  going  to  foreign  ports  shall  apply  to  voyages  each  way 
between  the  Philippine  Islands  and  the  United  States  and  the  possessions  thereof, 
and  all  laws  relating  to  the  collection  and  protection  of  customs  duties  not  inconsistent 
with  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  eighth,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  "temporarily 
to  provide  revenue  for  the  Philippine  Islands,"  shall  apply  in  the  case  of  vessels  and 
goods  arriving  from  said  islands  m  the  United  States  and  its  aforesaid  possessions. 

The  laws  relating  to  seamen  on  foreign  voyages  shall  apply  to  seamen  on  vessels 
going  from  the  United  States  and  its  possessions  aforesaid  to  said  islands,  the  customs 
officers  there  being  for  this  purpose  substituted  for  consular  officers  in  foreign  ports. 

The  provisions  of  chapters  six  and  seven,  title  forty-eight.  Revised  Statutes,  so  far 
as  now  in  force,  and  any  amendments  thereof,  shall  apply  to  vessels  making  voyages 
either  way  between  ports  of  the  United  States  or  its  aforesaid  possessions  and  ports  in 
said  islands;  and  the  provisions  of  law  relating  to  the  public  health  and  quarantine 
shall  apply  in  the  case  of  all  vessels  entering  a  port  of  the  United  States  or  its  aforesaid 
possessions  from  said  islands,  where  the  customs  officers  at  the  port  of  departure  shall 
perform  the  duties  required  by  such  law  of  consular  officers  in  foreign  ports. 

Section  three  thousand  and  five,  Revised  Statutes,  as  amended,  and  other  existing 
laws  concerning  the  transit  of  merchandise  through  the  United  States,  shall  apply  to 
merchandise  arriving  at  any  port  of  the  United  States  destined  for  any  of  its  insular 
and  continental  possessions,  or  destined  from  any  of  them  to  foreign  countries. 

Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  held  to  repeal  or  alter  any  part  of  the  act  of  March  eighth, 
nineteen  hundred  and  two,  aforesaid,  or  to  apply  to  Guam,  Tutuila,  or  Manua,  except 
that  section  eight  of  an  act  entitled  '  'An  act  to  revise  and  amend  the  tariff  laws  of  the 
Philippine  Archipelago,"  enacted  by  the  Philippine  Commission  on  the  seven- 
teenth of  September,  nineteen  hundred  and  one,  and  approved  by  an  act  entitled 
"An  act  temporarily  to  provide  revenues  for  the  Philippine  Islands,  and  for  other 
purposes,"  approved  March  eighth,  nineteen  hundred  and  two,  is  hereby  amended 
so  as  to  authorize  the  civil  governor  thereof  in  his  discretion  to  establish  the  equivalent 
rates  of  the  money  in  circulation  in  said  islands  with  the  money  of  the  United  States  as 
often  as  once  in  ten  days. 

Sec.  85.  That  the  treasury  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and  such  banking  associations 
in  said  islands  with  a  paid-up  capital  of  not  less  than  two  million  dollars  and  chartered 
by  the  United  States  or  any  State  thereof,  as  may  be  designated  by  the  Secretary  of 
War  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  shall  be  depositories  of 


514  ADMIKISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

public  money  of  the  United  States,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  existing  law  governing 
Buch  depositories  in  the  United  States:  Provided,  That  the  treasury  of  the  Government 
of  said  islands  shall  not  be  required  to  deposit  bonds  in  the  Treasury  of  the  United 
States,  or  to  give  other  specific  securities  for  the  safe-keeping  of  public  money  except 
as  prescribed,  in  his  discretion,  by  the  Secretary  of  War. 

Sec.  86.  That  all  laws  passed  by  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  shall  be 
reported  to  Congress,  which  hereby  reserves  the  power  and  authority  to  annul  the  same, 
and  the  Philippine  Commission  is  hereby  directed  to  make  annual  report  of  all  its 
receipts  and  expenditures  to  the  Secretary  of  War. 

BUREAU    OF   INSULAR   AFFAIRS. 

Sec.  87.  That  the  Division  of  Insular  Affairs  of  the  War  Department,  organized  by 
the  Secretary  of  War,  is  hereby  continued  until  otherwise  provided,  and  shall  hereafter 
be  known  as  the  Bureau  of  Insidar  Affairs  of  the  War  Department.  The  business 
assigned  to  said  bureau  shall  embrace  all  matters  pertaining  to  civil  government  in  the 
island  possessions  of  the  United  States  subject  to  the  jurisdiction  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment; and  the  Secretary  of  War  is  hereby  authorized  to  detail  an  officer  of  the  Army, 
whom  he  may  consider  especially  well  qualified,  to  act  under  the  authority  of  the 
Secretary  of  War  as  the  chief  of  said  bureau;  and  said  officer  while  acting  under  said 
detail  shall  have  the  rank,  pay,  and  allowances  of  a  colonel. 

Sec.  88.  That  all  acts  and  parts  of  acts  inconsistent  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 

Approved,  July  1,  1902. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  have  not  compared  it,  have  you,  Mr.  Jones,  as 
a  matter  of  accuracy  with  the  official  pubhcation  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  I  have  not  compared  it  with  the  official  publication. 
It  reads: 

That  all  lands  acquired  by  virtue  of  the  preceding  section  shall  constitute  a  part 
and  portion  of  the  public  property  of  the  Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands  and 
may  be  held,  sold,  and  conveyed  or  leased  temporarily  for  a  period  not  exceeding 
three  years  after  the  acquisition  by  said  Government  on  such  terms  and  conditions  as 
it  may  prescribe,  subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  This  is  '^  prescribed  in  this  act.'^ 

Mr.  Jones.  You  are  reading  from  Mr.  Worcester's  so-called  report. 
I  am  reading  from  the  act  itself.  It  says,  ^'and  conditions  provided 
for  in  this  act. ' ' 

You  will  observe,  Mr.  Worcester,  that  that  does  not  state  ' 'subject 
to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  section,'^  but  ^'in 
this  act.''  Now  I  would  be  glad  to  have  you  state  why  you  assume  to 
substitute  the  word  ^'section"  for  the  word  ^'act"  as  employed  in  that 
section.  Would  it  not  have  been  just  as  easy  for  the  Congress  to  have 
used  the  word  ^'section,"  and  would  it  not  have  been  much  more 
proper  for  it  to  have  used  the  word  ^'section"  if  it  had  intended  it  to 
apply  to  that  sixty-fifth  section  alone  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  shall  be  very  glad  to  make  a  statement  on  that 
subject,  Mr.  Jones.  May  I  preface  it  by  saying  that  unfortunately  I 
am  not  a  lawyer,  and  when  I  state  my  opinion  with  positiveness  as  to 
what  the  law  is,  it  must  be  understood  that  I  am  not  attempting  to  set 
myself  up  as  a  court  of  last  appeal.  Lacking  legal  knowledge,  I  can 
only  apply  the  criterion  of  common  sense  as  the  basis  of  judgment  in 
this  discussion. 

The  Chairman.  You  do  not  mean  to  imply  that  a  lawyer  would  not 
do  that  'I 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  would  like  you  to  answer  my  specific  question  before 
you  go  into  a  discussion  of  it.  The  question  is,  if  you  do  not  think 
the  Congress  of  the  United  States  should  have  used  the  word  '^section " 
where  it  did  use  the  word  '^  act''  if  it  intended  to  confine  the  limitations 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  515 

fco  those  in  the  sixty-fifth  section^  or  to  the  lack  of  limitations  in  the 
sixty-fifth  section. 

Mr.  WoiiCESTER.  If  it  is  intended  to  refer  to  the  limitations  con- 
tained in  the  sixty-fifth  section  and  to  those  only,  Mr.  Jones,  I  think 
that  the  act  would  have  been  in  better  form. 

One  thing  will  immediately  appear,  gentlemen,  in  comparing  these 
two  sections,  which  does  not  seem  to  me  to  involve  any  complicated 
question  at  all,  and  therefore  comes  within  the  comprehension  of  an 
untrained  man  like  myself,  and  I  would  like  to  be  allowed  to  state  the 
two  considerations  which  led  me  to  believe  that  the  conditions 
enumerated  in  section  15  were  not  those  referred  to  in  section  65. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  think  that  should  be  allowed  as  bearing  on 
your  good  faith  in  these  transactions.  State  the  reasons  for  acting  as 
you  did  in  your  interpretation  of  the  law. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  take  it  for  granted  that  the  object  of  this  law 
was  to  get  the  friar  land  occupied  by  Filipinos  into  their  possession, 
and  I  should  consider  the  object  of  the  law 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  move  that  when  we  take  a  recess  it  be  from 
1  to  2  o^ clock  this  afternoon. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  now  a  little  after  12  o'clock.  A  motion  has 
been  made  to  take  a  recess  at  1  o'clock  until  2  o'clock.  All  in  favor 
of  the  motion  will  say  ^^aye";  those  opposed,  ^^no."  The  ^'ayes'' 
have  it,  and  it  is  agreed  to. 

If  there  is  no  objection,  Mr.  Worcester  can  proceed  with  his 
statement. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  take  it  for  granted  that  these  provisions  of  law 
would  be  construed  in  accordance  with  the  manifest  purpose  of  the 
legislative  body,  which  was  to  get  the  lands  into  the  hands  of  the 
occupants.  I  base  that  view  as  to  the  purpose  of  the  section  on  its 
last  sentence,  which  reads  as  follows: 

Actual  settlers  and  occupants  at  the  time  such  lands  are  acquired  by  the  govern- 
ment shall  have  the  preference  over  all  others  to  lease,  purchase,  or  acquire  their 
holdings. 

Please  note  those  words:  ''Their  holdings  within  such  reasonable 
time  as  shall  be  determined  by  said  government." 

Knowing,  as  I  do,  the  care  which  is  expended  upon  congressional 
legislation,  I  should  certainly  expect  that  if  it  was  the  purpose  of 
Congress  to  limit  the  acquiring  of  holdings  to  those  holding  not  in 
excess  of  16  hectares,  it  would  by  the  insertion  of  a  few  words  at  that 
point  have  made  that  thing  perfectly  plain,  and  would  have  drafted 
that  passage  so  as  to  read,  ''purchase  or  acquire  their  holdin|^s  not 
in  excess  of  16  hectares  within  such  reasonable  time,"  etc. 

But  instead  of  that  the  words  used  are  ^' their  holdings."  And,  as 
a  matter  of  fact,  there  were  more  than  500  people  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  who  were  large  owners  and  occupied  friar  lands  in  excess  of 
16  hectares. 

I  call  your  attention  further  to  the  fact  that  the  law  reads  "witliin 
such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  the  Philippine  Gov- 
ernment," leaving  us  to  fix  that  time. 

Now,  if  you  will  refer  to  section  15  you  will  find,  first,  that  the 
amount  of  public  land  which  may  be  conveyed  to  an  individual  is 
limited  to  16  hectares,  and  that  provision  of  section  15  is  therefore 
in  flat  contradiction  with  the  corresponding  provision  of  section  65. 


516  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

And  I  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  there  is  a  second  contradic- 
tion, namely,  that  as  to  this  matter  of  the  time  within  which  these 
holdings  may  be  conveyed.     Section  15  provides 

Mr.  Jones.  I  want  to  ask  you  a  question  right  there.  You  think 
that  if  Congress  had  intended  to  put  the  construction  upon  this  sec- 
tion which  some  gentlemen  place  upon  it  they  would  have  been  care- 
ful to  have  added  the  words  ^^not  in  excess  of  16  hectares.'^  Now, 
don't  you  think  that  if  they  had  intended  the  contrary  they  would 
have  inserted  the  words  '^or  acquire  their  holdings  in  the  friar  lands 
or  under  this  section^';  some  language  such  as  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  seems  to  me  that  the  words  ^Hheir  holdings'^ 
are  ample  to  cover  the  whole  thing.  They  are  as  general  as  they 
possibly  could  be. 

Mr.  Jones.  Don't  you  think  it  would  be  much  fairer,  if  your  con- 
tention is  correct,  for  Congress  to  have  added  the  words  ^'acquire 
their  holdings  in  these  friar  lands  ?"  That  would  have  made  it  plain, 
would  it  not  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  As  they  were  legislating  for  the  friar  lands 
specifically  in  this  section,  it  seems  to  me  it  would  be  unnecessary  to 
include  those  words. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  think  it  was  unnecessary  to  include  the  other.  That 
is  why  I  called  your  attention  to  it. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  agree  with  you,  because  this  expression  which 
they  did  use  is  sweeping. 

Now,  I  wish  to  call  your  attention  to  the  second  contradiction. 
You  will  find  that  section  65  provides  for  the  acquirement  of  these 
holdings  ^^  within  such  reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  said 
government,'^  leaving  us  free  to  act,  whereas  the  conditions  of  the 
public-land  act  relating  to  the  time  within  which  title  to  public  lands 
might  be  obtained,  and  in  fact  all  the  conditions  specified  in  the  public- 
land  act,  were  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  President  and  the  subse- 
quent action  of  Congress.  But  going  back  to  section  15,  we  find  that 
there  is  a  provision  there  limiting  the  action  of  the  Philippine  Com- 
mission in  enacting  the  public-land  act  relative  to  the  public  domain, 
covering  this  very  question  of  time.     The  proviso  of  section  15  reads: 

Provided,  That  the  grant  or  sale  of  such  lands,  whether  the  purchase  price  be  paid 
at  once  or  partial  payment,  shall  be  on  condition  of  actual  and  continued  occupancy, 
improvement,  and  cultivation  of  the  premises  sold  for  a  period  of  not  less  than  five 
years,  during  which  time  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or  encumbersaid 
land  or  the  title  thereto. 

Now,  compare  that,  if  you  please,  with  the  words  '^  within  such 
reasonable  time  as  may  be  determined  by  the  Philippine  government,^' 
and  it  seems  to  me  you  will  find  a  flat  contradiction.  This  section  15 
specifies  a  period  of  not  less  than  five  years  before  title  can  pass,  and 
further  specifies  that  the  purchaser  or  grantee  can  not  alienate  or 
or  encumber  said  land  or  the  title  thereto  within  that  period;  and  even 
then  securing  title  is  contingent  on  the  actual  and  continued  occu- 
pancy and  improvement  and  cultivation  of  the  premises  during  the 
live-year  period.  Now,  remembering  that  some  of  these  friar-land 
claimants  have  ten  or  a  dozen  diflFerent  holdings,  how  are  they  going 
to  occupy  them  all  in  the  first  place  ?  They  clearly  could  not  do  it. 
If  it  had  been  provided  that  we  could  not  sell  them  their  holdings 
for  five  years,  would  this  not  have  resulted  necessarily  in  the  very 
delay  which  Mr.  Martin  has  charged  us  with  bringing  it  about  ?     In 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  517 

other  words,  are  not  the  hmitations  and  conditions  relative  to  the 
tract  that  may  be  transferred  and  the  time  within  which  the  transfer 
may  be  made^  which  are  clearly  set  forth  in  section  65,  indicative  of 
the  fact  that  in  referring  to  '^the  limitations  and  conditions  provided 
for  in  this  act'^  Congress  did  not  refer  to  the  limitations  and  conditions 
of  section  15? 

The  Chairman.  Right  there,  Mr.  Worcester,  when  it  says  in  this 
section  65,  '^subject  to  the  limitations  and  conditions  provided  for 
in  this  act,''  what  is  your  understanding  of  the  limitations  and  con- 
ditions referred  to  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  them  to  be  in  part  those  in  sec- 
tion 55. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  There  are  a  lot  of  conditions  in  section  65  in 
relation  to  the  period  of  lease  of  three  years  and  the  preference  to  the 
occupants,  and  that  is  different  from  the  preference  to  the  occupants 
in  section  15  and  different  in  money  and  rate  of  payment  and  rate  of 
interest,  and  where  the  money  shall  go.  Under  the  provisions  respect- 
ing the  sale  of  public  lands  the  proceeds  go  into  the  Public  Treasury. 
There  are  a  lot  of  conditions  and  limitations  which  bear  on  the  execu- 
tive officers  of  the  Government  as  well  as  upon  the  purchaser  and  the 
manner  of  sale.  There  are  six  or  eight.  You  see,  if  we  get  into  this 
proposition  here  in  the  committee  we  may  spend  three  or  four  days, 
or  all  of  the  Christmas  holidays,  thrashing  out  this  question  of  law, 
and  therefore  I  think  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  ought  to  be  per- 
mitted to  explain  briefly  his  reasons  for  believing  that  the  limitations 
of  section  15  did  not  apply  to  the  unoccupied  lands  of  the  friars' 
estates,  simply  as  a  matter  of  good  faith,  not  as  determining  what 
the  law  is. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  think  you  are  entirely  right  about  that,  Judge 
Crumpacker,  but  my  reason  for  raising  this  question  was  that  Mr. 
Worcester  had  not  expressed  it  merely  as  a  matter  of  belief  at  all,  but 
very  positively  as  a  matter  of  law,  knowing  that  that  was  one  of  the 
involved  questions  I  wanted  to  ask  him  about. 

Mr.  Douglas.  He  could  not  express  his  opinion  as  being  anything 
more. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  want  to  ask  him  two  or  three  questions  as  to  what 
he  has  said.  Your  contention  is,  then,  Mr.  Worcester,  that  if  Con- 
gress had  intended  that  the  construction  should  be  placed  upon  this 
section  which  Mr.  Martin  and  others,  who  think  as  he  thinks,  have 
placed  upon  it,  they  would  certainly  have  added  some  such  language 
as  that  suggested  by  you  after  the  w^ord  ^^holdings" — ^4n  excess  of 
16  hectares"? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  beg  your  pardon,  sir;  no,  sir;  I  do  not  contend 
that.  I  simply  said  they  would  have  improved  the  law  and  done 
away  witli  this  whole  discussion  if  that  had  been  done.  In  view  of 
the  care  with  which  legislation  is  usually  drafted,  it  would  have  been 
reasonable  to  expect  that. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  that  that  would  have  made  it  plain  that  Mr. 
Martin's  contention  was  correct  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  so. 

Mr.  Jones.  Now,  on  the  other  hand,  suppose  that,  instead  of  adding 
the  language  which  you  suggested — would  it  not  have  been  well  for 
Congress  to  have  added  the  language  which  I  now  will  suggest,  in 


518  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

order  to  have  made  your  contention  clear,  ^^or  acquire  their  holdings, 
notwithstanding  that  those  holdings  may  be  in  excess  of  16  hectares  V^ 

Mr,  IIamilton.  Where  would  you  propose  to  incorporate  that,  Mr. 
Jones  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  After  the  w^ord  ^4ioldings''  in  the  next  to  the  last  line 
in  section  65. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Will  you  please  restate  that  ? 

^Ir.  Jones.  Yes.  I  understood  from  what  Mr.  Worcester  said 
that  in  view  of  the  care  with  which  acts  of  Congress  are  drafted,  if 
it  had  been  the  purpose  of  Congress  to  limit  the  holdings  of  an  indi- 
vidual in  friar  lands  to  16  hectares,  it  would  have  been  much  better 
if  Congress  had  added  after  the  word  ^^ holdings''  the  w^ords  ^^not  in 
excess  of  16  hectares.''  Now,  of  course  that  would  have  made  it 
plain.  I  ask,  how^ever,  if  his  contention  be  true,  w^ould  not  Congress 
liave  made  what  he  contends  for  plain  had  it  added,  not  what  he 
suggests,  but  what  I  suggest  after  the  word  ^^Iioldings,"  the  words 
'^notwithstanding  that  those  holdings  may  be  in  excess  of  16 
hectares?"  If  that  language  had  been  in  there,  there  could  have 
been  no  question.  If  the  language  that  Mr.  Worcester  puts  in  had 
been  in,  of  course  there  coukLhave  been  no  question;  no  question 
but  that  Mr.  Martin's  construction  of  the  law  is  correct  if  the  lan- 
guage wliich  I  suggest  had  been  put  in,  and  there  could  be  no  more 
room  for  the  contention  that  the  construction  of  Mr.  Worcester  is 
correct.  But  the  Congress  did  not  put  in  the  language  that  he  sug- 
gests, nor  did  it  put  in  the  language  wliich  I  suggest,  and  now  we 
must  construe  the  act  as  it  appears  in  the  statute. 

And  now  I  want  to  ask  one  more  question. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Let  him  answer  that  first  before  you  begin  another. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  An  analogous  commentary  can  be  made  upon 
every  statute  the  construction  of  which  is  brought  into  any  question; 
that  is  to  say,  an  ex  post  facto  discussion  of  what  might  have  been 
inserted  in  the  act  to  prevent  the  discussion  which  has  arisen. 

Mr.  Jones.  Just  as  I  say,  and  therefore  it  is  just  as  fair  for  Mr. 
Martin  or  some  one  who  holds  as  he  does  to  suggest  that  if  Congress 
had  meant  dillerently  they  ought  to  have  put  in  the  language  which  I 
suggest. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  is  an  argument  for  the  court. 

Mr.  Jones.  Purely  an  argument,  and  also  Mr.  Worcester's  sugges- 
tion that  he  would  put  in  the  language  that  he  contends  for. 

Mr.  Douglas.  This  is  not  in  the  form  of  a  question.  Mr.  Chairman, 
I  appeal  to  the  stenographer's  notes  as  to  whether  this  learned 
exposition  of  the  law^  w^as  put  in  the  form  of  a  question  to  Mr.  Worcester 
upon  the  theory  that  the  only  possible  materiality  of  the  opinion  of 
anybody  in  the  matter  was  to  be  Mr.  Worcester's  opinion  as  evidence 
of  or  lack  of  good  faith  in  the  matter,  and  I  think  Mr.  Worcester 
should  have  an  opportunity  to  state  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  have  no  objection  to  Mr.  Worcester's  making  a  state- 
ment in  regard  to  that,  but  my  statement  was  made  with  reference  to 
Mr.  Hamilton's  remark. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  want  to  say,  gentlemen,  that  yesterday  I  got 
into  some  confusion  as  a  result  of  tlie  fact  that  several  questions 
were  asked  me  at  once.  I  answered  a  question  about  friar  lands 
wlien  I  sliould  have  answered  one  about  |)ui)lic  lands.  Mr.  Jones  has 
asked  me  a  very  long  and  (complicated  question  now,  and  I  would 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  519 

like  to  answer  it  before  lie  asks  another.  I  would  like  to  answer  that. 
My  mental  apparatus  is  taxed  to  remember  the  question  already 
asked.  ^  Now,  replying  to  your  question,  Mr.  Jones,  I  am  sadly  afraid 
that  neither  this  committee  nor  the  Congress  will  attach  the  impor- 
tance to  my  opinion  as  to  how  this  law  should  have  been  framed 
that  it  is  entitled  to.  What  Congress  did  say  is  that  actual  settlers 
and  occupjants  should  be  entitled  to  purchase  or  acquire  their  holdings, 
and  that  is  what  we  have  given  to  them,  regardless  of  whether  these 
holdings  were  less  or  more  than  16  hectares  in  extent,  and  in  doing 
that  I  believe  we  carried  out  the  will  of  Congress.  It  did  not  seem 
possible  that  Congress  intended  the  conditions  of  section  15  to  be 
carried  into  section  65.  When  the  question  was  raised  I  did  not  go 
further  than  to  look  at  section  15  and  note  that  there  were  direct 
contradictions  between  its  provisions  as  to  the  time  within  which 
public-land  sales  could  be  completed  and  the  sizes  of  tracts  which 
might  be  sold  and  the  corresponding  provisions  of  section  65  relative 
to  friar  lands.  I  therefore  concluded  that  the  ^'limitations  and 
conditions'^  referred  to  in  section  65  could  not  possibly  be  those  of 
section  15. 

Mr.  Jones.  Now,  Mr.  Worcester,  I  want  to  ask  jon  just  one  more 
question:  Assuming  that  Congress  exercised  the  care  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  that  section  which  you  attribute  to  Congress,  why  was  the 
word  ''act,''  or  rather  the  words  "this  act,"  employed  instead  of  the 
words  "this  section"  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  presume,  sir,  because  there  were  conditions 
elsewhere  in  the  act  than  in  that  section. 

Mr.  Jones.  But,  Mr.  Worcester,  the  language  is  "subject  to  the 
limitations  and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act."  These  lands 
were  to  be  leased  and  sold  "subject  to  the  conditions  provided  for 
in  this  act."  Now,  if  this  did  not  mean  the  conditions  in  the  act, 
and  certainly  section  15  is  a  part  of  the  act,  why  did  it  not  say  "this 
section"  if  it  intended  to  make  the  limitations  and  conditions  apply 
to  this  section  alone  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Because,  Mr.  Jones,  Congress  was  dealing  with 
two — and,  in  fact,  various — completely  distinct  subjects  here.  It  dealt 
with  friar  lands  in  one  way.  It  dealt  with  public  lands  in  another 
way,  and  there  were  conditions  applicable  to  friar  lands  in  other 
sections. 

It  contained  provisions  concerning  mineral  lands,  and  it  contained 
provisions  concerning  forest  lands,  and  various  other  provisions  of 
fundamental  importance  dealing  with  quite  a  range  of  subjects.  Now, 
I  take  it  for  granted,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  section  65  was  dealing 
with  the  friar  lands,  that  the  conditions  referred  to  in  it  were  such 
conditions  as  were  applicable  to  the  friar  lands  and  no  others. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Worcester,  this  act  provides  for  the  holding  and 
selling  and  conveying  and  leasing  of  the  friar  lands ;  this  section  65  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  it  says,  in  so  many  words,  that  after  that  the 
leasing  and  conveying  and  the  selling  must  be  subject  to  the  limita- 
tions and  conditions  provided  for  in  this  act  which  I  hold  in  my  hand, 
and  I  do  not  think  that  you  have  answered  my  specific  question. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  tried  to,  sir,  in  good  faith.  Perhaps  I 
can  put  it  in  another  way,  and  make  my  contention  clear.  You 
have  observed  that  the  friar-lands  act  took  effect  on  April  26,  1904, 


520  ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPIKE   LANDS. 

and  the  public-lands  act  did  not  take  effect  until  the  26th  of  July. 
The  latter  was  by  the  Congress  surrounded  with  all  sorts  of  condi- 
tions and  safeguards,  but  we  were  left  free  to  pass  the  former  in 
the  form  that  we  saw  fit,  and  we  did  pass  it  and  put  it  into  effect 
before  these  special  conditions  that  entered  into  the  public-lands  act 
became  effective  at  all.  Now,  the  Congress  was  dealing  with  many 
different  subjects,  and  it  is  expressly  provided  that  the  friar  lands 
shall  be  part  of  the  public  property  of  the  Philippine  Islands,  whereas 
the  crown  lands  remain  the  property  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States,  and  I  do  not  seediow  it  could  be  held  that  the  two  were  sub- 
jected to  the  same  conditions  unless  there  was  an  express  statement 
to  that  effect. 

The  Chairman.  Capt.  Sleeper  has  put  in  a  list  of  friar-land  pur- 
chasers and  the  areas  sold,  but  there  are  no  dates.  I  understand 
from  that  and  what  you  have  said  that  there  have  been  a  good  many 
sales  to  Filipinos  in  excess  of  16  acres  apiece.  I  want  to  ask  you 
whether  they  occurred  before  or  after  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate. 
The  question  is  whether  that  was  or  was  not  the  firs^  sale  in  excess 
of  16  hectares. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Oh,  many  sales  of  16  hectares  were  made  before 
that,  I  am  sure. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Both  before  and  after? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  will  you  state  something  about  the  Isa- 
bela  estate  ?     Where  is  that  located  ? 

Mt.  Worcester.  That  is  located  in  the  Province  of  Isabela,  the 

grovince  of  the  same  name,  which  is  in  the  north  of  Luzon.  The 
rovince  of  Isabela  is  shown  in  pink  on  the  map  here  [indicating], 
and  the  estate  lies  in  about  where  I  am  pointing  with  my  pencil,  so 
that  it  is  very  near  the  center  of  the  great  land  mass  of  northern 
Luzon. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  that  in  what  is  called  the  Cagayan  Valley 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes;  it  is  in  the  Cagayan  Valley. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  far  is  it  from  the  Cagayan  River  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  on  the  Magat  Iliver,  one  of  the  important 
tributaries  of  the  Cagayan  River. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  far  is  that  from  Manila  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  about  130  miles  from  the  mouth  of  the 
river.  It  must  be  about  250  miles  around  by  sea  to  Manila,  Mr. 
Crumpacker,  I  think.  The  only  possible  way  of  getting  to  it  for 
business  purposes  is  to  go  by  water  from  Manila  to  the  Aparri  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Rio  Grande  de  Cagayan,  and  then  to  ascend  the  Rio 
Grande  to  the  capital  of  Isabela,  and  then  go  OA^erland  to  the  estate. 
All  that  [indicating]  is  on  the  Magat  River.  The  current  is  strong 
and  the  river  is  sometimes  so  shallow  that  you  can  not  go  up  it. 
You  can  come  down  it  sometimes  in  a  small  boat,  but  you  can  not 
often  go  up  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  far  from  the  mouth  of  the  Rio  Grande 
River  is  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  say  130  miles. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  there  any  railroad  communication  to  the  prov- 
ince of  Isabela  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  We  tried  originally  to  bring  about  the 
extension  of  the  railway  through  Neuva  Viscaya,  this  province  right 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  521 

here  [indicating],  to  the  Cagayan  Valley  and  down  that  valley  to 
Appari,  but  we  could  not  get  anybody  to  undertake  its  construction. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  there  any  improved  highways  connecting 
this  estate  with  other  provinces  in  the  outer  world  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  The  estate  can  be  reached  with  wheeled 
vehicles,  I  think,  in  the  dry  season,  because  the  land  in  that  vicinity 
is  an  enormous  plain,  and  during  the  dry  season  carts  may  pass  over 
it  in  almost  any  direction,  but  during  the  wet  season,  I  think  at 
present,  it  would  be  accessible  only  on  horseback. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  size  of  the  Isabela  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  shall  have  to  refer  to  my  notes  a  moment  to 
tell.     It  is  49,727.50  acres. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  general  character  of  that  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  very  level  land.  A  part  of  it  is  in  the  form 
of  an  island  in  the  river,  and  that  portion  is  very  rich.  Things  grow 
on  it  with  extraordinary  luxuriance.  The  rest  of  it  is  like  all  of  those 
enormous  plains  of  Isabela.  It  is  said  that  when  the  friars  actually 
raised  tobacco  there  it  grew  very  luxuriantly,  but  it  was  rank.  The 
leaves  were  thick  and  oily,  and  it  was  not  of  good  quality.  In 
general,  it  can  be  said  that  the  land  is  rich  land. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  it  overflowed  in  times  of  heavy  rains  and 
torrents  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  except  that  it  becomes  flooded  by  the 
rain,  which  does  not  flow  off  readily.  It  becomes  boggy  by  reason  of 
the  rains,  but  that  is  due  to  the  fact  that  there  is  so  little  slope  over 
large  areas  of  it  that  the  water  does  not  readily  find  its  way  off. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Is  there  any  timber  on  that  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  not,  sir.  There  is  timber  on  this  island 
that  I  referred  to.  I  have  only  visited  the  estate  once,  but  then  I  rode 
across  it  from  side  to  side.  So  far  as  I  now  remember,  there  is  no 
considerable  amount  of  timber  on  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  occupants  were  on  that  estate  at 
the  time  the  lease  was  made  to  Mr.  Bruce  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Very  few,  sir.  I  can  not  answer  that  question 
accurately,  but  they  were  so  few  that  their  holdings  were  nearly 
negligible.     I  will  insert  the  accurate  figures  in  the  record  later. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  about  the  occupants  having  secured  their 
possession  by  lease  or  certificates  of  purchase  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  All  of  them  had  so  protected  themselves  prior 
to  the  time  when  the  lease  for  the  unoccupied  lands  was  made. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  that  soil  adapted  to?  What  kind  of 
agriculture  or  what  kind  of  farming? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  had  always  believed  that  it  was  adapted  to 
tobacco  growing.  Tobacco  growing  is  the  principal  industry,  almost 
the  only  industry,  you  might  say,  of  the  Cagayan  Valley,  but  the 
experts  who  have  examined  the  estate  report  adversely  on  most  of  it 
as  a  tobacco  estate  and  say  it  is,  on  trie  other  hand,  adapted  to 
growing  sugar. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  capital  of  the  province  of  Isabela? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  town  of  Ilagan. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  far  from  it  is  the  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  about  20  miles.  It  is  misleading  to  attempt 
to  judge  distances  on  horseback;  a  tired  horse  takes  longer  and  a  wet 
trail  seems  to  increase  the  distance  traveled. 

8227S°~-H.  Pvept.  22S9,  61-3 37 


522  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  densel}^  populated  is  that  province  of 
Isabela  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  no  figures  here,  but  I  can  readily  give  you 
the  population  to  the  square  mile  to-morrow. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  would  hke  to  have  that  put  in  the  record.  I 
wish  also  you  would  put  in  the  population  of  the  capital  of  Isabela. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  I  will. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  there  any  other  towns  or  cities  of  consider- 
able size  near  the  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  Nagilian  on  the  main  river,  and  Gamu 
on  the  same  river  on  which  the  estate  lies;  that  is,  the  Magat.  The 
town  of  Kawayan  is  as  near  as  is  the  capital  of  the  province.  You 
pass  through  Gamu  in  going  from  the  capital  to  the  estate. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  far  is  Gamu  from  the  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  say  about  10  miles.  I  could  not  tell,  Mr. 
Crumpacker,  just  where  the  boundary  of  that  estate  came.  It  was 
not  marked  in  any  way  when  I  went  over  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Who  holds  the  lease  for  the  unoccupied  portions 
of  the  Isabela  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  lease  is  held  by  Mr.  Edward  B.  Bruce. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Who  is  Mr.  Edward  B.  Bruce? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  is  an  attorney  in  the  city  of  Manila. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  long  has  he  lived  there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Several  years;  I  could  not  say  exactly;  I  should 
think  three  years. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  His  right  is  simply  a  leasehold,  is  it? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  what  rental  he  pays? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  he  pays  a  nominal  rental  of  100 

[)esos  for  one  year.  The  lease  terminates  in  a  year.  It  is  a  special 
ease  and  does  not  confer  the  right  of  purchase  unless  that  right  is 
exercised  within  the  year. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  does  confer  the  right  to  purchase  if  it  is  made 
within  the  rental  period  ? 

Mr.  Yv^orcester.  Yes,  sir.  It  gives  him  the  right  to  purchase  the 
unoccupied  lands  on  the  estate  within  a  year. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  whether  he  leased  the  land  for  his 
own  purposes  or  as  the  representatives  of  some  one  else  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  leased  the  land  as  the  representative  of  other 
men  in  Manila. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  who  his  principals  were  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  known  and  have  stated  in  my  report; 
Mr.  Lowenstein 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  page  is  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  looking  for  it.  It  is  a  little  difficult  to  find  it 
here.     [After  a  pause.]     I  have  found  it  now. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Give  the  names  if  you  have  them. 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  on  page  72  of  my  report.  Mr.  Bruce  stated 
to  me  that  he  represented  Mr.  M.  Lowenstein,  Mr.  W.  II.  Lawrence, 
and  Mr.  Walter  E.  Olsen. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Where  do  these  men  hve  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  Manila. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  they  in  business  in  Manila  1 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  623 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  Mr.  Lowenstein  is  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Castle  Bros,,  Wolf  &  Sons,  large  importers  and  dealers  in  Amer- 
ican goods,  agricultural  machinery,  and  quite  a  large  variety  of 
goods.  When  I  say  ^^ American  goods'^  I  do  not  mean  to  say  that 
that  is  their  only  business,  but  America  is  their  principal  source  of 
supply.  Mr.  Lawrence  is  an  attorney  in  Manila.  Mr.  Olsen  is 
engaged  in  the  tobacco  business  in  the  city  of  Manila.  I  think  he  also 
does  some  contracting  there. 

Mr.  Crump  ACKER.  Do  you  know  whether  the  purchasers  who  have 
exercised  their  rights  of  purchase  under  the  lease  intend  to  improve 
the  estate  "^ 

Mr.  Worcester.  Their  intention  was  to  develop  a  tobacco  plan- 
tation there  if  the  land  proved  suitable.  I  understand  it  was  their 
intention  actually  to  cultivate  the  land  as  a  tobacco  plantation. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  you  talked  with  either  of  the  three  pur- 
chasers— Lowenstein,  or  Lawrence,  or  Olsen — respecting  their  pur- 
chase of  the  property  ? 

Mr.  Worcester,  t  asked  Mr.  Lowenstein  the  specific  question 
whether  these  men  formed  a  corporation  or  an  association  of  pur- 
chasers wthin  the  meaning  of  the  law,  or  as  to  whether  they  were 
members  of  corporations  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture,  and  I 
was  informed  that  they  were  not;  that  they  did  not  form  a  corpo- 
ration, and  were  not  members  of  other  agricultural  corporations,  but 
were  acting  purely  as  individuals. 

(Thereupon,  at  1  o^clock  p.  m.,  a  recess  was  taken  until  2  o'clock 
p.m.) 


after  recess. 

House  of  Representatives, 

Committee  on  Insular  Affairs, 

Tuesday^  Decemher  20.  1910. 
The  committee  resumed  its  hearing  at  2  o'clock  p.  m.,  Mr.  Olmsted 
(chairman)  presiding. 

TESTIMONY  OF  MR.  D.  C.  WORCESTER— Continued. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  you  personally  acquainted  with  Messrs. 
Lawrence  and  Olsen,  as  well  as  Mr.  Lowenstein,  for  whom  Mr.  Bruce 
leased  the  Isabela  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  a  casual  acquaintance  with  those  gentle- 
men ;  Mr.  Lowenstein  is  a  personal  friend  of  mine. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  they  are  reputable  business  men. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  they  are  all  reputable  business  men. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  they  men  of  good  financial  standing? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  they  are  men  of  means. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  it  ever  intimated  or  suggested  to  you  by 
anyone  that  the  Isabela  estate  was  to  be  purchased  for  the  use  or 
benefit  of  a  corporation,  either  directl}^  or  indirectly? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  My  opinion  is  that  this  transaction 
was  exactly  what  it  shows  for  on  its  face. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  made  some  reference  in  your  testimony 
before  dinner  to  a  conversation  you  had  with  Mr.  Lowenstein,  in 
which  you  asked  him  if  the  persons  for  whom  the  estate  was  to  be 
purchased  were  to  incorporate  or  become  an  association? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  I  asked  him  if  they  had  formed  a  cor- 
poration or  association. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  understand,  doubtless,  that  the  law — the 
organic  act — prohibits  one  corporation  from  owning  more  than  1,024 
hectares  of  land  in  the  Philippines? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  suppose  that  the  words  "  association  of  persons  " 
were  in  effect  another  way  of  saying  the  same  thing. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  sections  of  the  organic  act  relating  to  the 
sale  of  public  lands  in  the  Philippines  limit  the  quantity  of  public 
lands  that  can  be  sold  to  a  corporation  or  an  association  of  persons 
to  1,024  hectares. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Section  75  limits  the  quantity  of  land  that  a 
corporation  may  acquire  without  regard  to  the  source  of  its  title, 
and  is  limited  to  corporations,  which  does  not  include  associations  of 
persons. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  had  overlooked  that  fact. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  If  section  15  applies  to  friar  lands,  that  ques- 
tion of  association  of  persons,  of  course,  would  not  be  involved  in 
this  controversy. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  say  not. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  the  law. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

525 


526  ABMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPIlSrE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  On  what  terms  was  the  Isabela  estate  to  be 
leased ;  that  the  lessee  have  the  right  to  purchase  on  the  same  terms 
as  any  other  friar  estate? 

Mr.  WoRCESi^R.  He  must  pay  the  original  cost  and  also  the  ad- 
ministration charges  in  connection  with  the  estate;  also  the  interest 
on  purchase  price. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  what  the  purchase  price  of  that 
estate  was? 

Mr.  WoRCEsi^R.  Yes,  sir.  The  purchase  price  of  the  Isabela  es- 
tate was  $159,858.01. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Between  three  and  four  dollars  per  acre.  Has 
any  work  been  done  on  that  estate  so  far  by  the  lessee  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  so  far  as  I  know,  except  such  as  has  been 
carried  on  by  the  expert  whom  they  sent  there  for  the  purpose  of 
looking  into  the  soil  conditions. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  any  income  been  derived  since  the  Govern- 
ment owned  that  estate  from  any  of  the  unoccupied  portions  of  it? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  whether  the  lessee  of  the  estate 
has  now  any  part  of  it  rented  for  pasturage? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  not,  hardly.  There  are  enormous  areas 
of  public  lands  in  Isabela  Province  on  which  cattle  can  run,  and  I 
am  safe  in  saying  thai  no  one  would  pay  rent  for  pasturage  in  that 
vicinity. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  area  of  the  Province  of  Isabela  in 
square  miles? 

Mr.  WoKCESTER.  I  can  not  give  you  that  now.  It  is  a  large  prov- 
ince.    I  will  furnish  the  figures  to-morrow. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  character  of  the  soil  generally? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  potentially  a  very  rich  province;  the  soil  is 
exceptionally  good.  It  is  exceptionally  available,  because  such  very 
extensive  areas  of  it  are  flat. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  you  sold  or  leased  any  of  the  public  lands 
in  this  province? 

Mr.  WoRCES^n]R.  I  have  no  personal  knowledge  of  any  sales  or 
leases.     I  will  furnish  the  exact  figures  to-morrow. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  about  how  many  acres  of  the  public 
lands — unoccupied  lands — have  been  sold  or  leased  under  the  terms  of 
the  Public  Land  Act  ?         ^ 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  very  limited  amount.  I  can  give  you  the  figures 
in  a  moment.  The  total  applications  for  .sales  had  been  332  in  num- 
ber on  the  1st  of  July  of  the  present  year,  covering  24,992xy^ 
acres.  The  lease  applications  were  185  and  covered  123,759  acres, 
but  the  actual  transactions  will  have  been  very  much  lessened,  as  these 
were  applications  only  and  in  a  great  many  cases  they  were  never  car- 
ried through. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  Government  has  the  power  to  lease  to  indi- 
viduals 1,024  hectares  of  public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  sales  were  limited  to  16  acres  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  sales  to  individuals  are  limited  to  16  acres. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  any  effort  been  made  to  build  a  railroad 
up  through  the  Cagayan  Valley  that  will  bring  that  country  in  close 
proximity  to  the  Isabela  estate? 


ADMIIsriSTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  527 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  Government  has  tried  very  hard  to  interest 
capital  in  the  construction  of  a  railroad  through  the  Cagayan  Valley, 
but  up  to  this  time  we  have  received  no  encouragement.  There  has 
not  been  even  a  preliminary  survey  made,  so  that  the  only  outlet  to 
the  sea  is  afforded  by  the  Cagayan  River  itself.  During  part  of  the 
year  this  river  is  so  low  as  to  be  unserviceable  as  a  means  of  trans- 
portation, and  during  another  period  of  the  year  the  floods  are  so 
great  as  to  make  navigation  dangerous.  If  we  had  a  railroad  up 
there  it  might  lead  to  a  marked  increase  in  the  population  of  that 
valley,  which  is  capable  of  supporting  a  large  proportion  of  the  pres- 
ent inhabitants  of  the  Philippines. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  valley  is  very  fertile  ? 

Mr,  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  very  sparsely  populated? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Because  of  lack  of  communication  with  the 
outer  world? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crubipacker.  Little  or  no  development  in  that  valley  at  all? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Comparatively  little.  The  present  owners  of  the 
tob'aceo  estates  encountered  great  difficulty  in  getting  labor  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  in  marketing  their  products ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  on  account  of  the  unoertain  means  of 
transportation  afforded  by  the  river. 

Mr.  Cruimpacker.  I  have  no  further  questions  to  ask  Mr.  Worces- 
ter in  relation  to  the  Isabella  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  would  like  to  ask  you  one  question  which  occurs  to 
me  with  reference  to  statements  3^ou  have  already  made.  You  stated 
tliat  the  charges  which  have  resulted  in  this  investigation  have  had 
the  effect  in  the  Philippine  Islands  of  starting  up  some  feeling  on  the 
part  of  the  Filipinos  who  had  purchased  land;  that  they  were  uneasy 
about  their  holdings. 

Mr.  WoRCEsraR.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  it  true  or  not  that  prior  to  the  introduction  of  the 
resolution  of  Mr.  Martin  and  the  speech  whicli  he  made  in  the  House 
of  Representatives — is  it  not  true  that  prior  to  tliis  some  of  the  Phil- 
ippine papers  had  agitated  this  subject  and  discussed  it  in  the  news- 
papers? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Some  of  the  papers  had  discussed  the  question  of 
the  sale  of  friar  lands  in  large  tracts.  So  far  as  I  know,  no  paper  had 
ever  so  much  as  intimated  that  there  was  any  project  on  foot  for 
depriving  lessees  and  piirchasers  of  friar  lands  of  their  holdings. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  question  of  the  exploitation  of  the  lands  by  a  for- 
eign corporation  had  not  been  discussed  in  the  papers  there  ])rior 
to  the  introduction  of  tlie  resolution?  Had  the  particular  transac- 
tion relating  to  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  holdings — had  not  that  l)ee]i 
discussed  in  the  papers? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  it  had  been,  but  not  generally.  There 
was  no  general  agitation  in  connection  with  it  extending  to  the 
provinces.  It  Avas  largely  confined  to  Manila.  There  was  one  public 
meeting  at  Manila,  held  by  some  law  students  at  which  protest  was 
made,  but  this  was  not  prior  to  Mr.  Martin's  speech.  I  know  of  no 
meetings  or  of  similar  agitation  by  groups  of  people  having  been 
made  prior  to  the  tinie  of  Mr.  j\Iartiii's  speech. 


528  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Jones.  Did  not  the  newspapers  criticize  the  transaction  rela- 
tive to  the  San  Jose  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  are  newspapers  at  ManiLa  that  criticize 
the  investment  of  any  x\merican  capital  in  the  Philippines. 

Mr.  Jones.  May  not  that  criticism  have  had  something  to  do  with 
the  feeling  you  speak  of  rather  than  Mr.  Martin's  speech? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  not;  because  that  did  not  reach  the  people 
of  whom  I  speak.  What  these  people  are  troubled  about  is  the  state- 
ment that  all  these  friar  lands  are  to  be  turned  over  to  grasping 
monopolies  and  that  they  will  be  dispossessed  of  their  holdings  and 
such  assurances  as  we  can  give  them  do  not  always  serve  to  quiet  them. 

Mr.  Jones.  But  is  it  not  a  fact  that  the  newspapers  there  started 
the  discussion  and  that  Mr.  Martin  did  not  do  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  it  would  prove  on  an  investigation  of  the 
files  of  the  papers  that  there  was  some  complaint  at  the  time  that  tl^e 
facts  as  to  the  disposal  of  the  San  Jose  estate  became  know^n. 

Mr.  Jones.  Was  there  not  some  criticism  of  the  sale  of  the  Isabela 
estate  in  the  new^spapers? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  remember  having  seen  anything ;  it  would 
be  just  as  likely  to  occur  in  connection  with  one  estate  as  in  connection 
with  other  estate. 

Mr.  Jones.  Was  there  any  criticism  in  connection  with  the  trans- 
action of  Mr.  Carpenter? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  never  heard  of  any  criticism  in  the  Philippines^ 
either  public  or  private,  regarding  the  Carpenter  transaction,  and  I 
am  in  position  to  show  by  dociunentary  evidence  that  the  Filipinos 
were  not,  and  are  not,  in  any  way  opposed  to  that  transaction. 

Mr.  Madison.  In  connection  witli  your  statement  that  certain  news- 
papers had  criticized  the  sale  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  and  that  the 
same  papers  w^ere  in  the  habit  of  criticizing  investments  by  Ameri- 
cans.   Why  are  such  criticisms  made? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  political  objection,  pure  and  simple,  as  I 
understand  it.  Some  of  the  people  there  seem  to  think  that  investments 
by  Americans  in  the  Philippine  Islands  wnll  necessarily  delay  the  day 
w^hen  they  may  get  their  independence.  Now,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  Mr. 
Taft,  on  the  occasionof  his  last  visit  tothePhilippines,stated  at  a  public 
banquet  that  the  Filipinos  must  understand  that  there  would  be  no 
probability  of  their  gaining  their  independence  until  they  could 
establish  a  government  of  such  a  character  that  the  lives  and  prop- 
erty of  the  Americans  w^ho  have  seen  fit  to  throw  in  their  lot  with 
the  Philippines  w^ould  be  respected  and  safe.  I  do  not  believe  that 
the  mass  of  the  people,  or  the  better  people,  really  object,  but  the 
truth  is,  we  have  only  two  political  parties  in  the  Philippines,  the 
"  ins  "  and  the  *'  outs."  The  old  Nationalist  Party,  which  went  in  on 
the  issue  of  demanding  immediate  independence,  afterwards  felt 
the  sobering  effect  of  responsibility.  Many  of  its  leading  members 
were  elected  to  office,  including  membership  in  the  low^er  house. 
They  have  voted  in  favor  of  laws  which  have  since  been  passed.  Of 
course,  if  they  had  refused  to  cooperate,  no  laws  w^ould  have  been 
passed.  These  men  have  been  accused  of  having  sold  out  the  Govern- 
ment, and  the  other  party,  which  was  originally  the  conservative 
party,  has  now^  become  the  radical  party.  In  order  to  go  back  to  their 
constituents  wnth  any  hope  of  success,  the  Nationalists  must  do  some- 
thing to  show^  that  they  are  still  radicals,  so  that  it  is  now  the  fashion 


ADMINISTKATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  529 

in  the  Philippines  for  both  parties  to  attack  the  Government  and 
its  officers.  After  the  election  this  fall  onr  friends  will  be  more  in 
evidence  than  at  present.  Anyone  who  reads  our  local  papers  might 
conclude  that  the  Government  is  friendless  at  the  present  date,  but 
this  is  not  really  the  case. 

Mr.  Douglas.  I  understand  that  this  opposition  does  not  take  the 
form  of  industrial  opposition;  that  there  is  no  pretense  that  the 
establishment  of  a  large  sugar-making  plant  in  Mindoro,  and  the 
cultivation  of  great  quantities  of  land  and  the  employment  of  labor 
would  not  be  for  the  benefit  of  the  people  industrially. 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  has  been  some  general  reference  to  the 
dangers  arising  from  the  coming  in  of  grasping  corporations  like  the 
monopolies  of  the  United  States,  but  they  have  not  got  down  to 
details.  Statements  have  been  made  in  the  press  to  the  effect  that  a 
trust  operated  the  Manila  street  railway,  and  this  has  been  de- 
nounced. The  railway  company  is  an  ordinary  concern,  with  lim- 
ited capital,  and  has  none  of  the  characteristics  of  a  trust.  State- 
ments to  the  effect  that  the  Dillinghams  were  heavily  interested  in 
lands,  and  that  the  Sugar  Trust  was  so  interested,  have  been  made 
the  basis  of  criticism,  but  it  is  criticism  which  has  no  real  ground 
upon  which  to  rest,  in  my  judgment.  I  do  not  believe  that  the 
Sugar  Trust  will  ever  interest  itself  in  the  Philippine  Islands  until 
we  have  there  at  least  one  modern  sugar-producing  estate.  It  will 
let  others  do  the  expensive  preliminary  experimenting. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  is  the  comparison  between  that  country  and  this 
as  to  the  feeling  on  the  part  of  the  people  toward  what  you  toim 
exclusive  concessions  or  monopolies?  Have  not  the  people  In^en 
accustomed  to  the  granting  of  concessions  by  the  Government,  and 
are  they  not  used  to  that  regime  to  the  extent  that  they  do  not  look 
with  disfavor  upon  monopolistic  concessions  as  we  look  upon  monop- 
olies here? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  true  that  in  the  old  Spanish  days  there  were 
granted  a  number  of  monopolistic  concessions.  The  Spanish  Govern- 
ment favored  the  development  of  the  country  by  the  establishment 
of  new  industries  and  offered  to  those  who  introduced  them  the  induce- 
ment of  exclusive  concessions  to  carry  them  on  for  a  certain  number  of 
years.  That  was  a  lawful  practice  under  the  Spanish  regime.  I  have 
in  mind  a  concession  to  make  beer  with  the  use  of  refrigeration.  That 
was  not  on  the  face  of  it  an  exclusive  concession,  but  as  it  is  quite 
impossible  to  make  beer  in  the  Philippines  without  refrigeration  it 
amounted  to  an  exclusive  concession  and  we  have  been  forced  to 
recognize  the  action  of  the  Spanish  Government  in  that  matter  as 
binding  on  us.  There  is  a  similar  concession  for  the  manufacture  of 
matches,  which  is  still  operative.  I  have  never  heard  anybody  com- 
plain about  either  of  these  concessions  or  any  similar  ones.  I  think 
the  people  feel  more  kindly  toward  these  concessions  because  they  have 
become  accustomed  to  them,  but  the  American  trust  has  been  heralded 
out  there  as  something  very  sinister  and  destructive,  and  the  ideas 
of  the  common  people  as  to  its  nature  are  vague  in  the  extreme;  they 
are  afraid  of  something,  as  to  the  real  nature  of  which  they  are  not 
informed. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  would  like  to  ask  you  to  what  extent  any  of 
these  monopolies  you  refer  to  extend  to  the  necessaries  of  life? 


530  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  there  is  not  such  a  monopoly  in  existence 
in  the  Philippines  unless  matches  be  regarded  as  a  necessity  of  life. 
The  natives  smoke  cigarettes  incessantly,  and  the  consumption  of 
matches  is  very  large.  These  two  concessions  of  which  I  have  spoken 
are  the  only  two  I  have  in  mind  at  present. 

Mr,  Madison.  Did  you  see  Mr,  J.  Montgomery  Strong  when  he 
was  out  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  no  recollection  of  seeing  him. 

Mr.  Madison.  Did  you  know  who  he  was  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  learned  in  a  general  way,  by  reading  the  record 
of  Mr.  Martin's  speech,  who  he  was,  but  I  had  no  knowledge  con- 
cerning him  prior  to  that  time. 

Mr.  Madison.  Who  did  you  learn  that  he  was? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  learned  that  he  was  a  practicing  lawyer  here, 
and  had  visited  the  Philippine  Islands,  where  he  had  interested  him- 
self in  sugar  lands.  He  visited  the  San  Jose  estate  and  land  to  the 
south  of  it.  He  also  visited  land  on  the  east  coast  of  Mindoro,  near 
the  southern  end  of  the  island. 

Mr.  Madison.  He  sent  a  letter  of  introduction  to  Mr.  Wilson,  the 
assistant  director  of  public  lands,  did  he  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  was  stated  in  that  letter  that  Messrs.  Poole  and 
Prentiss  represented  the  same  interests  that  he  did,  was  it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  letter  stated  that  while  the  Sugar  Trust  was  not 
interested,  that  one  of  the  stockholders  of  the  Sugar  Trust  was  inter- 
ested with  him  and  these  other  parties  in  the  land  they  proposed  to 
purchase? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  Now,  Mr.  Poole,  then,  was  the  representative,  or 
at  least  one  of  the  stockholders,  of  the  Sugar  Trust,  was  he  not?  ^ 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  assume  that.  Permit  me  to  say  just 
here,  in  reference  to  this  letter,  that  at  the  time  Mr.  Martin's  speech 
was  received  in  Manila  I  sent  to  the  archives  of  the  Government  and 
asked  for  all  papers  bearing  on  the  subject  of  the  sale  of  the  San 
Jose  estate,  for  everything  in  the  shape  of  a  record  that  would  throw 
any  light  on  the  matter.  I  also  summoned  to  my  office  and  interro- 
gated ])ersonally  the  several  officials  and  employees  who  I  thought 
might  be  able  to  throw  any  light  on  the  subject.  This  note  of  intro- 
duction to  Mr.  Wilson,  the  assistant  director  of  the  bureau,  was  a 
personal  note  and  was  not  in  the  official  files  at  all.  It  would  not  be 
in  the  record  if  I  had  not  heard  of  its  existence  and  ordered  it  put 
there;  its  presence  there  is  evidence  of  the  fact  that  I  in  good  faith 
furnisiied  every  document  that  I  can  find  on  the  subject.  I  did  not 
see  it  until  after  these  charges  had  been  made,  and  I  learned  only 
when  I  read  it  of  Mr.  Strong  had  made  any  statement  as  to  the 
interests  that  these  gentlemen  represented.  I  then  interrogated  Mr. 
Wilson  and  asked  him  to  state  in  writing  what,  if  anything,  Mr. 
Strong  had  said  relative  to  the  interests  which  he  himself  repre- 
sented. The  statement  of  Mr.  Wilson  is  printed  in  my  report,  and 
I  should  be  glad  to  have  it  inserted  in  the  record  at  this  point. 

[Statement  referred  to  is  on  pages  42  and  43  of  Mr.  Worcester's 
report.     Copy  was  not  furnished  to  printer.] 


ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  531 

Mr.  Madison.  Do  you  know  who  this  stockholder  of  the  Sugar 
Trust  is  as  designated  in  the  record  ?  Do  you  know  w^ho  that  stock- 
holder was? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know  unless  it  was  Mr.  Welch.  Mr. 
Welch  was  the  only  person  mentioned  to  me  as  being  interested  in  the 
estate. 

Mr.  Madison.  Was  Mr.  Horace  Havemeyer  mentioned  in  that  con- 
nection ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  I  have  seen  references  to  his  name  in  the 
newspapers,  but  neither  Mr.  Poole  nor  Mr.  Prentiss  ever  mentioned 
him  to  me,  and  I  had  no  opportunity  to  interrogate  them  in  regard  to 
his  connection  with  the  enterprise. 

Mr.  Madison.  It  has  developed  in  this  evidence  that  Mr.  Poole, 
as  a  result  of  his  operations  in  the  islands,  first  secured  the  San  Jose 
estate,  of  about  55,000  acres;  second,  promoted  the  Mindoro  Develop- 
ment Co.  and  developed  one  of  200  hectares  of  land  and  is  proposing 
to  build  a  sugar  mill ;  that  he  is  also  the  agent  of  three  separate  and 
distinct  companies,  presumably  of  California  parties,  who  have  pur- 
chased adjoining  land — that  is,  land  adjoining  the  San  Jose  estate; 
that  he  represents  all  of  these  interests.     That  is  true,  is  it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  true,  w^ith  the  qualification  that  the  200  hec- 
tares of  the  Mindoro  Development  Co.  must  be  deducted  from  the 
total  area  of  the  San  Jose  estate,  which  Mr.  Poole  purchased  and 
holds. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  true — that  qualification  should  be  made. 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  have  made  a  rather  general  statement,  but  I 
should  say  it  is  true.  I  should  prefer,  however,  to  see  it  on  paper  be- 
fore definitely  committing  myself. 

Mr.  Madison.  Then,  it  appears  that  a  man  representing  an  interest, 
or  at  least  the  interest  of  a  person  who  was  a  stockholder  in  the 
American  Sugar  Refining  Co.  or  trust  had  gone  to  the  islands  and 
had  acquired  a  large  tract  of  land  for  himself,  and  in  addition  had 
secured  three  separate  and  distinct  contracts  of  land  for  corporations 
for  which  he  was  doubtless  the  agent,  if  not  the  manager;  I  would 
ask  you  if  that  apparent  connection  between  this  investment  and  the 
Sugar  Trust  has  become  apparent  to  the  people  of  the  island  and 
causes  criticism. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  unable  to  say  from  the  facts  you  state  that 
an  apparent  connection  has  established  between  this  transaction  and 
the  Sugar  Trust.  The  fact  that  one  or  several  of  the  men  who  pur- 
chased these  lands  owned  stock  in  the  Sugar  Trust  would  not  seem  to 
show  such  connection  any  more  than  the  ownership  of  stock  in  a  rail- 
road company  by  one  of  the  men  interested  would  sliow  an  apparent 
connection  with  such  company.  I  take  it  for  granted  that  these  men 
have  large  means,  and  may  have  varied  investments.  So  far  as  Mr. 
Poole's  relationship  to  these  organizations  is  concerned,  I  will  say 
that  a  full  investigation  has  been  made  and  the  results  have  been  in- 
corporated in  this  record  in  the  form  of  an  affidavit  by  Mr.  Poole 
and  other  documents. 

It  seems  to  me  that  these  companies  have  done  exactly  what  is 
logical  and  economical  to  do  when  several  companies  wish  to  enter 
into  a  business  of  that  sort  in  a  new  country.  For  instance,  if  a  series 
of  coconut  plantations  were  started  in  the  Philippine  Islands,  the 
best  business  arrangement  would  be  to  put  in  immediate  charge  of 


532  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

each  estate  a  local,  or  assistant,  manager,  and  to  employ  for  all  of  them 
one  general  manager,  who  would  attend  to  the  securing  of  labor,  the 
purchasing  and  shipping  of  supplies,  the  performance  of  paper  work 
in  Manila,  etc. 

One  man  could  well  perform  that  work  for  a  number  of  organiza- 
tions. In  the  case  of  these  corporations,  which  have  not  yet  gone 
beyond  the  preliminary  stage  in  the  development  of  their  holdings, 
there  is  no  reason  why  one  man  can  not  do  such  work  for  all  of  them, 
and  thus  save  each  company  the  expense  of  employing  a  competent 
man  at  a  large  salary.  The  fact  that  one  man,  who  was  actually  on 
the  ground  in  Mindoro,  was  so  employed  in  connection  with  these 
several  interests  does  not  seem  to  indicate  any  probable  criminal 
intention  or  desire  to  evade  the  law  on  the  part  of  anyone. 

Mr.  Madison.  Have  you,  as  secretary  of  the  interior,  one  of  the 
principal  officers  of  the  Philippines,  encouraged  generally  transac- 
tions of  a  similar  character  in  other  parts  of  the  islands  to  those 
which  have  occurred  with  regard  to  this  San  Jose  estate;  that  is, 
when  Americans  come  to  the  islands  representing  capitalistic  inter- 
ests of  America,  purchasing  large  tracts  of  friar  lands  and  then  gath- 
ering up  the  estate  holdings  of  other  capitalists  who  ma^^  be  also 
represented  there,  so  as  to  accumulate  a  large  body  of  land  apparently 
controlled  by  a  community  of  interests,  these  interests  being  capi- 
talistic and  American? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  will  answer  your  question  in  the  affirmative.  I 
would  be  very  glad  to  see  the  same  sort  of  thing  done  in  connection 
with  the  Isabela  estate  that  has  been  done  in  connection  with  the 
San  Jose  estate.  I  think  it  would  have  the  effect  of  bringing  to  that 
rich  country  large  numbers  of  Filipinos  who  are  finding  if  a  hard 
matter  to  make  a  living  elsewhere,  and  who  would  thus  be  induced 
to  make  the  change.  In  the  north,  in  the  Province  of  Ilocos  Norte, 
the  land  is  largely  occupied  and  taken  up,  and  the  people  have  a  hard 
struggle.  If  anything  could  be  done  in  the  direction  I  have  indi- 
cated it  would  be  a  great  thing  for  these  people.  At  the  present 
time,  with  the  existing  conditions  of  labor,  we  are  not  at  all  alarmed 
over  the  prospect  of  having  all  this  land  taken  up 

Mr.  ^Iadtson.  To  what  extent  would  you  carry  that  practice — ^to 
what  extent  would  you  encourage  transactions  similar  to  that  which 
occurred  in  connection  with  the  San  Jose  estate  and  the  purchase  of 
land  around  it? 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  are  asking  a  theoretical  question,  postulated 
on  conditions  that  could  hardly  be  experienced,  for  the  reason  that 
the  public  lands  will  not  be  disposed  of  in  this  way.  The  vacant 
lands  on  the  Isabela  estate  and  the  Calamba  estate  are  the  only  two 
large  tracts  that  could  become  the  basis  of  such  a  transaction.  I 
would  encourage  it  to  the  extent  of  selling  the  vacant  lands  on  the 
Isabela  estate  to  anyone  who  would  purchase  them  and  develop  them, 
and  I  would  do  the  same  thing  in  connection  with  vacant  lands  of 
the  Calamba  estate,  for  which  there  is  no  reasonable  probability  that 
we  can  find  local  native  tenants. 

Mr.  Madison.  While  the  present  limitation  upon  corporate  hold- 
ings is  2,500  acres,  there  is  no  reason  why  a  man  may  not  come  into 
that  country  as  agent  and  take  up  25,000  or  50,000  acres  of  land  for 
a  number  of  American  corporations;  and  by  means  of  a  community 
of  interest,  all  of  them  together  may  have  a  centrale,  as  they  call  it, 


ADMINISTRATION    OF    PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  533 

SO  that  the  cane  from  all  these  holdings  may  be  worked  up.  I  want 
to  say  that  I  do  not  ask  it  in  a  spirit  of  personal  criticism,  because  I 
have  no  hesitancy  in  saying  at  this  time  that  I  am  very  much  im- 
pressed with  the  idea  that  your  official  conduct  in  this*  matter  has 
been  above  reproach.  I  am  trying  to  get  at  your  method  or  idea — ■ 
jour  idea  of  what  ought  to  be  done  in  the  Avay  of  developing  this 
country. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  stated  to  the  acting  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee that  before  this  hearing  closes  I  wished  to  state  definitely 
what  my  opinion  is  as  to  what  the  land  policy  of  the  Philippine  gov- 
ernment should  be.  I  am  the  officer  who  is  responsible  for  that  pol- 
icy, and  am  carrying  it  out  at  the  present  time,  and  hold  some  definite 
ideas  as  to  what  ought  to  be  done.  But  I  would  prefer  to  make  that 
statement  at  the  close  of  this  hearing,  in  order  that  all  possible  ob- 
jections which  are  to  be  brought  forward  liere  may  be  met.  I  find 
it  difficult  to  piece  all  of  these  things  together  when  under  examina- 
tion. At  the  present  time,  I  feel  that  we  are  taking  the  subject  up 
piecemeal. 

I  will  say  this :  We  feel  very  keenly  that  the  hostility  of  the  beet- 
sugar  interests  of  the  United  States  toward  the  sugar  interests  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  is  to  a  considerable  extent  responsible  for  the 
restrictions  which  having  been  placed  on  the  holding  of  land  by  all 
kinds  of  agricultural  corporations  and  very  unjustly  hampers  other 
branches  of  agriculture  in  the  Philippines,  At  the  present  time  sugar 
is  not  the  all-important  thing  with  us  by  any  means.  Hemp  is  our 
most  important  export,  and  copra  is  second.  We  are  to-day  the 
greatest  copra -producing  country  in  the  world.  Coconuts  grow  on 
lands  that  are  worthless  for  any  other  purpose;  they  grow  on  lands 
that  seem  almost  destitute  of  plant  food — the  sandy  lands  along  the 
coast.  The  coast  line  of  the  Philippines  is  twice  as  long  as  that  of 
the  United  States,  not  including  the  detached  possessions,  and  all  of 
the  sand  lands  along  the  coast  will  produce  coconuts.  But  in  order 
to  have  a  reasonable  income  from  coconuts  one  must  control  a  good 
body  of  land.  Then  there  is  rubber  production;  rubber  is  being  ex- 
tensively planted  in  Borneo,  close  by  us.  Practically  every  European 
nation  that  has  tropical  colonies  is  to  a  large  extent  interested  in  the 
production  of  rubber.  But  in  order  to  profitably  produce  rubber, 
men  want  to  control  larger  areas  of  land  than  those  allowed  under 
the  present  law^,  and  consequently  that  industry  has  been  seriously 
hampered  w^ith  us. 

We  ought  to  frame  our  laws  in  such  a  way  as  to  permit  legitimate  and 
proper  development.  So  far  as  sugar  is  concerned  it  must  be  evident  to 
you  that  before  capital  is  invested  in  a  central e  which  may  cost  a  mil- 
lion dollars  the  investors  must  feel  assured  of  getting  cane  enough  to 
run  their  mill.  If  they  had  to  depend  entirely  upon  small  producers 
they  might  be  left  without  cane.  Small  producers  might  combine  to 
leave  them  without  cane  and  thus  force  them  to  purchase  it  on  hard 
terms.  I  think  such  corporations  ought  to  be  allowed  land  enough 
of  their  own  to  assure  a  supply  of  cane.  I  think  such  corporations 
ought  to  be  permitted  to  hold  10,000  or  15,000  acres;  10,000  acres  is 
about  the  minimum  that  can  be  safely  depended  on  to  keep  a  large 
centrale  in  profitable  operation.  Our  limited  supply  of  labor  will 
in  itself  prevent  for  many  years  to  come  the  establishment  of  any  very 


534  ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

large  number  of  monopolistic  enterprises,  involving  the  employment 
of  labor  in  large  quantity,  and  it  seems  to  me  that  this,  together  with 
the  immense  areas  of  unoccupied  lands,  would  give  us  all  the  safe- 
guards we  require. 

I  want  to  say  to  you  that,  judged  on  the  basis  of  actual  facts, 
the  island  of  Mindoro  would  support  half  of  the  existing  population 
of  the  Philippines,  yet  it  is  not  one  of  our  larger  islands.  The  island 
of  Siquijor,  which  contains  106  square  miles,  to-day  has  a  population 
of  55,000  people,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  sterile  islands  in  the  group. 
It  is  really  one  great  limestone  rock  with  very  shallow  soil,  and  there 
are  extensive  areas  where  the  rock  is  bare.  It  is  subject  to  drouth. 
Even  so  it  supports  55,000  people,  and  it  is  certain  that  Mindoro 
will  support  twice  as  many  per  square  mile.  That  would  make  it 
capable  of  supporting  a  population  somewhat  in  excess  of  4,000,000. 

I  propose  later,  when  I  make  my  concluding  statement,  to  give 
you  some  facts  as  to  the  land  that  we  have  lying  idle  to-day — the 

{)ercentage  of  land  that  is  under  cultivation  as  compared  with  the 
and  that  might  be  cultivated.  I  am  sure  you  will  see  from  those 
facts,  that  even  on  the  basis  of  our  lands  not  being  more  productive 
than  that  of  Japan,  and  everyone  knows  that  it  is,  because  Japan  has 
a  winter  when  cultivation  is  not  possible,  and  is  very  mountainous, 
with  numerous  volcanic  hills  which  can  not  be  cultivated  at  all,  we 
have  enough  to  accommodate  more  than  four  times  our  present 
population. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  did  not  catch  the  name  of  the  small  island  you 
referred  to. 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  the  Island  of  Siquijor. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  does  that  island  produce? 

Mr.  Worcesi:er.  It  feeds  its  people  and  produces  copra  for  exporta- 
tion and,  I  think,  no  other  export  of  importance.  It  produces  Indian 
corn  in  large  quantities — often  two  crops  to  the  year;  sago,  which  is 
made  from  cassava,  and  vegetables  of  various  sorts,  with  quite  a  little 
rice  along  the  strip  of  level  land  immediately  adjacent  to  the  sea. 
But  the  island  is  covered  with  coconut  trees  and  the  people  own  their 
prosperity  in  no  small  degree  to  that  fact.  Tlie  coconut  tree,  once 
planted  and  established,  really  takes  care  of  itself  for  many  years. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Independent  of  the  legal  phases  and  on  the  broad 
question  of  policy — that  is,  the  question  of  a  limitation  on  the  amount 
of  the  holding — the  same  rule  should  apply  to  the  friar  lands  or  pri- 
vate lands  that  applies  to  the  public  lands,  should  it  not,  viewing  it 
just  from  the  question  of  policy? 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  you  viewed  the  friar  lands  as  part  and  parcel  of 
the  public  domain,  the  answer  to  that  question  would  be  "  yes."  We 
can  not  view  them  in  that  way,  because  we  have  tied  up  our  money  in 
them  and  we  must  try  to  get  it  back.  But  no  apostolic  benediction 
goes  with  friar  lands.  There  is  the  same  objection  to  ownership  of 
friar  lands  in  large  quantities  that  there  would  be  to  ownership  of 
lands  purchased  from  private  owners  in  large  quantities,  or  that  there 
would  be  to  lands  being  purchased  from  the  public  domain  in  large 
quantities. 

Mr.  Garrett.  On  the  question  of  policy,  the  same  rules  apply  to 
one  character  of  land  as  to  another  ? 

Mr.  Wooster.  Yes,  sir. 


ADMIlSriSTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  535 

Mr.  Garrett.  There  is  not  an  American  official  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  now  who  believes  that  the  restrictions  and  limitations  im- 
posed  on  public  lands  constitute  a  wise  policy,  is  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Frankly,  sir;  I  may  say  that  I  do  not  known  of 
such  an  official.  Certainly  no  member  of  the  Philippine  Commission, 
from  the  time  of  its  organization  up  to  the  present  day,  has  believed 
in  the  wisdom  of  the  policy.  Every  member  is  on  record  as  having 
voted  in  favor  of  a  more  liberal  land  law. 

Mr.  Garrett.  So  that  every  official  was  honestly  in  sympathy  Avith 
a  construction  of  the  law  that  would  relieve  the  friar  lands  of  the 
limitations  that  were  imposed  on  public  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  hope,  sir,  that  every  official  of  the  Government 
desired  the  correct  construction  to  be  put  upon  the  law. 

Mr.  Garrets.  I  have  no  doubt  they  did. 

Mr.  Worcester.  But  I  may  add  that  if  that  proper  construction 
had  been  (as  it  seems  to  me  it  was)  such  as  to  make  the  present  policy 
right  and  lawful,  I  am  sure  there  would  have  been  satisfaction  on 
the  part  of  those  concerned.  I  can  not  speak  for  our  own  attorney 
general,  who  is  a  Filipino.  I  should  prefer  to  have  you  put  that 
question  to  him. 

Mr.  Garrett.  My  first  question  applied  to  American  officials. 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  answer  includes  a  number  of  Filipinos.  It 
includes  the  Filipinos  who  at  one  time  or  another  have  served  on 
the  Philippine  Commission.  But,  of  course,  I  ought  not  to  answer 
for  Atty.  Gen.  Dillamor,  whose  views  on  the  subject  I  have  never 
personally  ascertained.    He  has  not  stated  them  to  me. 

Mr.  Garrett.  This  morning  a  number  of  pamphlets  were  sub- 
mitted by  you  for  inspection  by  the  committee,  to  show  how  you 
brought  to  the  people  there  knowledge  about  the  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  have  glanced  over  the  one  which  is  printed  in 
English.  I  have  not  yet  had  time  to  read  carefully  those  that  were 
printed  in  dialect.    I  will  do  that.     [Laughter.] 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  hope  you  will  not  neglect  to  do  that. 

Mr.  Garrett.  The  English  pamphlet,  I  find,  applies  only  to  pub- 
lic lands.  Did  all  those  printed  in  dialects  apply  just  "to  public 
lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  all  applied  to  public  lands,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Let  me  ask  what  efforts  have  been  made  to  bring  to 
the  attention  of  the  public  the  information  in  regard  to  the  friar 
lands?     Have  there  been  publications  somewhat  similar  to  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  there  have  not  been  publications.  The 
efforts  in  that  connection  have  been  largely  to  bring  the  matter  to 
the  attention  of  the  people  by  word  of  mouth,  through  the  publi- 
cation of  bandillos  (verbal  proclamations),  setting  forth  what  was 
to  be  done,  and  similar  procedures  of  that  sort,  including  personal 
activity  on  the  part  of  our  friar-land  agents.  For  each  estate  or  each 
group  of  estates  we  have  a  man  in  charge,  sometimes  with  subordi- 
nates under  him;  and  it  is  made  a  part  of  their  business  to  try  to 
interest  people  in  taking  up  those  lands.  We  have  pretty  well  ex- 
hausted the  means  that  occurred  to  us  in  trying  to  persuade  people 
to  come  and  occupy  them. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Prior  to  the  time  of  the  passage  of  act  No.  1841 
amending  the  original  law  in  regard  to  the  friar  lands  and  removing 


536  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHIL.IPPINE   LANDS. 

the  limitation,  had  there  been  any  negotiations  for  the  purchase  of 
friar  lands  in  large  tracts  or  any  applications  from  individuals  or 
corporations?     I  mean  prior  to  the  passage  of  act  No.  1847? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No;  except  in  the  case  of  occupants,  no  appli- 
cations, no  negotiations  looking  to  or  resulting  in  actual  purchase  of 
large  tracts  except  those  of  occupants,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Carpenter  lease. 

Mr.  Garrett.  During  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  a  bill  was  reported 
out  from  the  Ways  and  Means  Committee,  and  passed  the  House, 
making  certain  modifications  of  the  tariff  duties.  It  failed  of  passage 
in  the  Senate  and  did  not  become  law  until  the  general  tarilf  act 
passed. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  During  the  time  that  bill  was  pending  here,  or  after 
it  passed  the  House,  and  in  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  were  there  any 
applications  or  any  sort  of  official  negotiations,  or  any  negotiations 
or  applications,  either  official  or  personal,  that  you  know  of  looking 
to  the  purchase  of  these  friar  tracts  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  So  far  as  concerns  the  friar  lands  especially,  no. 
So  far  as  concerns  the  acquiring  of  land  in  large  tracts,  irrespective 
of  whether  it  might  be  friar  land  or  not,  there  was  the  case  of  Mr. 
Hathaway,  which  I  have  already  mentioned. 

^Ir.  Hathaway  came  to  the  Philippines  to  gather  evidence  to  be 
used  by  the  beet-sugar  interests  in  defeating  that  bill.  The  evidence 
which  he  gathered  was  used  both  before  the  Ways  and  Means  Com- 
mittee of  the  House  and  before  the  Committee  on  the  Philippines  of 
the  United  States  Senate.  Mr.  Hathaway  came  to  nay  office  and 
deliberately  misrepresented  to  me  the  purpose  of  his  visit  to  the  is- 
lands. He  told  me  that  he  had  come  there  in  the  interest  of  large  capi- 
tal to  purchase  sugar  lands  if  they  "  looked  good  to  him ; "  in  other 
words,  if  he  found  that  such  purchase  was  likely  to  prove  a  profitable 
investment;  and  although  he  never  said  so  in  so  many  words,  he  inti- 
mated to  me  very  broadly  that  there  was  corporation  money  behind 
him.  I  have  alAvays  believed,  and  believe  to-day,  that  Mr.  Hathaway 
did  not  really  represent  any  such  interests,  and  that  he  simply  set  a 
trap  for  me  to  see  whether,  while  secretary  of  the  interior  of  the 
Philippine  Government,  I  would  enter  into  negotiations  with  him 
which  might  result  in  an  evasion  of  the  law,  and  that  that  was  his  sole 
purpose  in  making  this  suggestion.  Possibly  I  do  Mr.  Hathaway  a 
great  injustice;  but  that  is  the  conclusion  at  which  I  have  arrived, 
especially  in  view  of  the  use  which  he  subsequently  made  of  the  in- 
formation which  he  gathered  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Garrett.  But  that  land  is  adapted  only  to  cane  sugar,  is  it 
not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes.  sir :  that  is  all.  But  the  beet-sugar  mterests 
persistently  fought  that  bill.  Mr.  Hathaway  was  not  the  only  repre- 
sentative of  those  interests  who  visited  the  Philippine  Islands,  and 
who  claimed  that  others  were  responsible  for  bringing  him  there,  but 
afterwards  appeared  as  a  representative  of  the  beet-sugar  people  and 
opposed  the  bill :  but  Mr.  Hathaway  was  one  of  them. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  other  words,  you  do  not  think  Mr.  Hathaway's 
informal  application  or  suggestion  to  you  of  a  desire  to  purchase 
those  lands  was  made  in  good  faith  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LAXDS.  537 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  the  contraiy,  sir,  I  believe  it  was  an  attempt 
to  "  show  me  up  "  as  a  corrupt  official.  I  think  he  intended  to  set  a 
trap  for  me  and  see  if  I  would  walk  into  it. 

Mr.  Garrett.  In  what  way  could  he  have  "  shown  you  up  "  as  a 
corrupt  official? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Telling  me,  as  he  did,  that  he  represented  large 
moneyed  interest,  and  that  they  wished  to  purchase  large  tracts  of 
Lnnd.  I  think  he  probably  would  have  had  me  "  pretty  well  to 
rights  "  if  I  had  shown  myself  disposed  to  intimate  to  him  that  that 
might  be  arranged,  instead  of  doing  as  I  did,  and  saying :  "  My  dear 
sir,  the  law  prescribes  1,024  hectares  as  the  largest  amount  of  land 
that  a  corporation  authorized  to  engage  in  agriculture  may  hold, 
and,  although  we  do  not  believe  that  that  law  is  a  wise  one,  it  will 
be  enforced."  I  expect  that  if  I  had  done  otherwise  my  name  would 
have  appeared  in  the  hearings  before  the  Ways  and  Means  Commit- 
tee and  in  the  hearings  before  the  Senate  committee  as  that  of  a 
Philippine  official  who  was  trying  to  evade  the  law. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  the  provision  of  the  law  which  prevents  the  hold- 
ing of  more  than  1,024  hectares  by  an  agricultural  corporation  taken 
seriously  over  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  it  is. 

J^Ir.  Garrett.  There  is  no  penalty  attached? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  is  no  penalty  attached,  sir;  but  an  agricul- 
tural corporation  has  to  secure  a  certificate  approved  by  the  secre- 
t:iry  of  commerce  and  police,  which  entitles  it  to  do  business;  and 
it  seems  to  me  it  would  be  a  very  simple  procedure  for  us  to  apply 
for  the  cancellation  of  that  certificate  because  of  a  violation  of  the 
law  and  put  it  out  of  business. 

Mr.  Gakrett.  There  is  nothing  in  the  law  that  prevents  your  con- 
veying to  such  a  corporation  more  than  that  amount  of  land,  is  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  not  so  sure  about  that,  sir,  until  I  look  at 
the  law. 

The  Chairman.  Section  15  of  the  public-lands  law,  the  organic 
act,  prohibits  the  conveying  or  selling  to  a  corporation  of  more  than 
1,024  hectares. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Yes;  the  public-lands  act.  Still,  I  take  it  that  even 
outside  of  the  public  lands,  in  the  case  of  friar  lands,  the  department 
would  inquire  into  the  character  of  any  corporation  before  it  would 
convey  it  more  than  tliat  amount  of  land? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  inquiry,  sir,  woidd  be  made  by  the  secretary 
of  commerce  and  police,  whose  duty  it  is  to  determine  whether  cor- 
porations are  properly  living  up  to  the  con.ditions  prescribed  by 
law  under  which  they  may  do  business.  If  facts  were  brought  to 
my  attention  which  seemed  to  sliow  that  the  law  was  being  evaded, 
I  should  bring  them  to  the  attention  of  the  proper  officials.  But  it 
is  not  a  part  of  my  business,  as  secretary  of  the  interior,  to  investi- 
gate the  conditions  under  which  corporations  are  doing  business. 
As  an  instance  of  what  I  have  done,  I  cited  to  you  the  case  of  the 
California  corporations.  The  question  of  the  propriety  of  my  action 
was  raised,  but  the  information  which  I  requested  was  furnished. 
If  they  had  been  disposed  to  fight  me,  and  had  refused  to  give  tlie 
information  which  I  requested,  I  should,  of  course,  have  had  to  turn 
the  matter  over  to  the  legal  representatives  of  the  Government.  I 
82278°— H.  Kept.  2281),  01-3 38 


538  ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

do  not  know  just  what  my  legal  status  would  have  been.  In  point 
of  fact,  the  information  was  furnished  without  much  demur. 

Mr.  Gakrei^t.  If  it  should  become  apparent  that  there  was  an 
evasion  or  a  violation  of  the  law,  whose  duty  would  it  be  to  direct 
the  proper  legal  proceedings? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  should  call  the  attention  of  the  secretary  of 
finance  and  justice  to  tlie  facts  as  soon  as  they  were  known  to  me. 

Mr.  ( jarrett.  It  would  be  your  first  duty  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir ;  that  is,  if  the  knoAvledge  came  to  me. 

Mr.  Garre^ft.  I  understand.  Now,  about  this  Poole  transaction: 
The  officials  believing,  as  they  did,  that  it  was  for  the  good  of  the 
people  of  the  islands  for  such  an  institution  to  be  established  there, 
provided  it  had  the  capital  to  work  out  its  ends,  was  there  not  nat- 
urally considerable  inquiry,  either  personal  or  official,  as  to  the 
financial  capacity  of  Prentiss  and  Poole  to  do  what  they  stated  they 
pro  loosed  to  do? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  not  prepared  to  say  that  there  was,  sir.  I 
was  the  responsible  officer  in  connection  with  that  transaction.  I  am 
accustomed  to  run  my  own  department.  I  think  one  thing  of  which 
I  never  have  beeu,  and  perhaps  never  shall  be,  accused,  is  seekirg  to 
avoid  responsibility  for  any  action  which  I  have  taken.  My  public 
record  in  that  regard  will  bear  investigation.  I  did  not  consult  with 
others  as  to  the  desirability  of  this  transaction.  I  deemed  it  to  be 
desirable,  and  I  carried  it  through.  I  did  not  ask  my  associates  on 
the  commission  what  they  thought  ought  to  be  done  about  it.  I  did 
what  I  thought  ought  to  be  done,  and  let  it  go  at  that. 

So  far  as  concerned  investigating  the  ability  of  these  gentlemen 
to  make  good,  it  did  not  seem  to  me  that  that  was  necessary,  for  the 
simple  reason  that  we  were  bound  to  have  a  show-down  as  to  such 
ability.  The  first  transaction  called  for  the  payment  of  a  large  sum 
of  money.  If  they  had  not  had  it,  the  matter  would  have  ended  right 
there.  They  did  have  it,  and  I  had  no  reason  to  think  that  they  got 
it  from  any  improper  source.    Their  money  was  good. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  understand  that  perfectly,  and  I  understand  per- 
fectly your  viewpoint.  As  was  said  by  Judge  Madison  a  few  mo- 
ments ago,  the  question  which  I  submitted  was  not  submitted  in  any 
spirit  of  criticism. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  hope  m}^  manner  in  replying  to  these  questions 
is  not  such  as  to  lead  you  to  think  that  I  resent  them  at  all.  I  do  not 
in  the  least.  I  have  never  seen  an  examination  conducted  more  fairly 
than  this  examination  has  been  conducted.  That  was  my  reason  for 
saying  at  the  outset  that  I  had  not  the  slightest  desire  to  employ 
legal  assistance  in  connection  with  it.  I  believe  that  every  member 
of  this  committee  is  desirous  simply  of  getting  at  the  truth.  It  is  a 
fact  that  because  I  am  rather  direct  in  my  manner  of  replying  to 
questions  I  sometimes  give  the  impression  of  being  irritated  when  I 
am  simply  in  earnest.  I  ask  you  and  all  of  the  members  of  the  com- 
mittee to  believe  me  when  I  say  that  I  feel  that  both  my  associates 
and  I  myself  have  received  here  only  the  most  courteous  and  con- 
siderate treatment.  Not  for  a  moment  during  this  examination  have 
I  felt  the  smallest  annoyance  over  any  question  that  has  been  put  to 
me.  Furthermore,  I  expect  and  desire  that  the  very  plainest  possible 
questions  may  be  asked  me  in  connection  with  this  matter,  because 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  539 

"when  we  get  through  I  do  not  want  it  to  be  said  that  this  has  been 
a  whitewashing  investigation.     I  want  the  facts  put  on  record. 

Mr.  Garrett.  I  am  sure  that  every  member  of  the  committee  feels 
precisely  the  same  way.  It  seems  to  come  within  the  scope  of  the 
resolution  under  which  we  are  acting  to  undertake  to  ascertain,  if  we 
can,  just  what  interest  Mr.  Poole  was  representing. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  It  has  been  suggested  that  possibly  Mr.  Poole  may 
not  be  here;  and  I  am  simply  trying  to  ascertain  what  information 
there  may  be  in  your  possession,  either  official  or  unofficial,  of  what 
he  did  represent,  or  where  he  got  his  capital  from,  and  just  what  he 
did  represent  there. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  want  to  say  to  you,  in  all  frankness,  that  in 
compiling  this  record  it  Avas  my  honest  effort  to  include  in  it  all  the 
papers  and  all  the  information  which  I  had  which  would  throw  light 
on  the  subject.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  I  find  that  one  paper  which 
should  have  been  included  in  the  record  was  not  included.  It  will  be 
introduced  by  me  if  some  one  does  not  ask  for  it  before  we  get 
through.  As  an  offset  to  that,  I  call  your  attention  to  the  introduc- 
tion here  of  that  personal  note  from  Mr.  J.  Montgomery  Strong  to 
the  assistant  director  of  lands,  of  which  I  learned  by  accident,  the 
existence  of  which  I  might  perfectly  well  have  concealed,  and  which 
raises  the  question  as  to  what  ''interests"  were  involved,  inasmuch 
as  Mr.  Strong  says  that  these  men  represented  the  same  interests  that 
he  did.  I  put  that  into  the  record  myself,  because  I  think  we  ought 
to  have  the  cards  all  on  top  of  the  table  in  this  matter.  I  am  not 
concealing  from  this  committee  any  information  which  I  have  in 
regard  to  the  men  actually  pecuniarily  interested  in  this  enterprise, 
but  I  have  made  no  effort,  further  than  the  one  that  I  have  described 
to  you,  to  follow  up  that  matter. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Plow  old  a  man  is  Mr.  Poole? 

Mr.  WoRCESiTSR.  Mr.  Poole  is  a  man  in  the  prime  of  life.  He  is  a 
very  active,  energetic,  capable  man,  who  rides  splendidly  and  puts 
in  his  time  in  the  saddle  when  he  is  on  the  plantation.  He  is  busy 
from  morning  to  night.  I  could  not  give  you  his  exact  age.  I  should 
think  perhaps  he  might  be  38. 

Mr.  Garrett.  What  State  is  he  from  ?     Do  you  know  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir. 

Mr.  Garre^ft.  Do  you  know  anything  of  where  he  had  been  just 
prior  to  going  to  the  Philippines  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  heard  that  he  had  been  doing  practical 
sugar  work  in  Cuba. 

Mr.  Garret't.  In  connection  with  Mr.  Welch? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir;  I  have  never  made  any  in- 
quiry. I  heard  it  said,  when  he  first  came  out  there,  that  he  was  a 
practical  man,  a  man  who  had  had  experience  in  establishing  sugar 
estates. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  do  not  know  what  State  he  is  from  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  understand  he  is  a  citizen  of  the  United  States? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  that  he  is. 

Mr.  Garrett.  Is  he  married? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  he  is  married,  and  has  his  family  with 
him  in  the  Philippines. 


540  ADMINISTRATION  OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  Will  you  ask  him  how  long  he  has  been  there — ■ 
when  he  first  went  to  the  Philippines?  Perhaps  he  has  already 
stated  that. 

Mr.  Garrei^\  I  asked  him  if  he  knew  where  he  was  just  prior  to 
going  to  the  Philippines. 

The  Chairman.  Yes ;  but  when  did  he  go  there  ? 

Mr.  Garret^f.  Oh,  do  you  know  when  he  went  there? 

Mr.  WoRCESi^R.  When  Mr.  Poole  arrived  there? 

Mr.  Garrett.  Yes. 

The  Chairman.  The  first  time. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  that  he  came  to  Capt.  Sleeper's 
office  almost  immediately  after  he  arrived,  and  Capt.  Sleeper  states 
that  he  came  there  the  first  time  on  the  12th  of  October  of  last  year. 

Mr.  Garrei^.  Have  you  seen  him  much  or  little  since  ? 

Mr.  WoRCEsiTSR.  I  have  not  seen  him  much,  sir.  Tie  has  been  a  very 
busy  man.  I  have  twice  visited  his  estate  since  these  operations  be- 
gan, and  once  I  took  him  on  my  steamer,  when  I  was  making  my  an- 
nual inspection  of  Mindoro  and  Palawan,  over  to  the  Cayos  Islands 
and  to  Puerte  Princesa,  where  he  went  to  search  for  labor.  I  took 
him  over  and  left  him  there,  and  his  own  boat  picked  him  up  and 
brought  him  back.  That  time  was  really  the  first  time  I  had  ever 
seen  much  of  anything  of  Mr.  Poole.  He  was  on  the  steamer  with 
me  then  for  about  two  days. 

Mr.  Garrett.  The  social  relations  between  you  have  never  been 
intimate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  have  been  minus,  sir.  They  have  not  ex- 
isted. 

Mr.  Helm.  Have  you  ever  had  any  practical  experience  yourself 
in  the  management  of  sugar  estates  or  other  such  enterprises? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  never  have.  For  a  considerable  time 
the  bureau  of  agriculture  of  the  Philippine  Government  was  under 
my  executive  control.  It  has  been  only  recently  transferred.  Such 
information  as  I  have  I  have  gained  in  connection  with  the  work 
of  that  bureau,  and  as  a  necessary  consequence  of  it  and  by  observa- 
tion. I  have  had  a  pretty  fair  opportunity  to  see  the  sugar  planta- 
tions of  Oahu,  or  some  oi  them.  Keally,  most  of  my  information  as 
to  modern  methods  and  results  come  from  talking  with  men  in  Hono- 
lulu who  have  been  producing  sugar  on  a  large  scale.  On  my  recent 
visit  I  went  out  to  the  Ewa  plantation,  which  I  had  not  seen  for  10 
years  previously.  When  I  was  first  there  we  went  all  over  it  and 
made  quite  exhaustive  inquiry.  This  time  they  were  very  courteous 
to  us,  and  even  offered  on  my  return  to  show  me  the  private  experi- 
ment station  conducted  by  the  planters  themselves  and  tell  me  about 
the  results  obtained  there,  so  that  I  could  have  the  benefit  of  them 
for  the  Philippines. 

Mr.  Helm.  The  quantity  of  land  required  and  all  the  incidental 
details  that  you  have  spoken  of  here  are  the  result  of  what  you  have 
acquired  from  observation? 

Mr.  Worcester.  And  from  interrogating  people  who  were  inter- 
ested— particularly  the  people  interested  in  the  three  large  plantations 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  Ewa  mill- 
Mr.  Helm.  Getting  back  just  a  little  to  the  question  that  was  asked 
about  beet  sugar,  I  understand  that  under  the  general  policy  of  your 


ADMINISTRATION    OP   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  541 

Government  in  the  Philippines  beet-sugar  capital  would  be  as  welcome 
in  the  Philippines,  if  it  were  profitable,  as  cane-sugar  capital  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  certainly  would  be,  sir. 

Mr.  Helm.  There  is  no  conflict  of  interests  so  far  as  you  are  con- 
cerned? There  is  no  feeling  of  that  kind  toward  the  beet-sugar 
interests  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  None  whatever. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Worcester,  I  should  like  to  ask  you  two  or 
three  questions  with  relation  to  matters  that  have  been  developed  in 
connection  with  the  examination.  The  question  of  the  policy  of  the 
Government  in  the  administration  of  public  lands  down  there  has  been 
referred  to.  State  whether  your  department  has  recognized  any 
policy  in  relation  to  the  administration  of  the  public  lands  or  friar 
lands  except  such  as  is  embodied  in  the  law  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  After  you  had  investigated  the  character  of  the 
three  so-called  California  corporations,  and  had  satisfied  yourself  they 
were  not  under  the  same  control,  not  owned  or  controlled  by  the 
same  individuals,  state  whether  or  not  there  was  any  discretion  in  you 
to  refuse  the  sale  of  public  lands  to  either  one  of  those  corporations, 
under  the  law  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  understand  that  there  was,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  all. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  law  does  not  state  that  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  may  in  his  discretion  approve  these  transactions.  I  con- 
sider that  it  is  my  duty  when  a  man  or  a  corporation  authorized  to 
purchase  lands  comes  up  and  desires  to  do  so,  to  give  that  privilege. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Having  complied  with  the  law? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Having  complied  with  the  law. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  do  not  undertake  to  exercise  such  discre- 
tion as  to  say  to  one  individual  or  one  corporation,  "  You  may  pur- 
chase," and  to  another,  "  You  shall  not "  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  most  certainly  do  not,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Worcester,  you  spoke  of  the  sparsity  of  the  popula- 
tion of  the  islands  generally. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  you  refered  particularly  to  Siquijor  and  Mindoro. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  you  said,  however,  does  not  apply  to  all  of  the 
islands  in  the  Philippine  Archipelago? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  Siquijor  is  an  instance  of  a  very  densely 
populated  island,  and  Mindoro  is  an  instance  of  a  very  sparsely  popu- 
lated island. 

Mr.  Jones.  Cebu,  for  instance,  is  very  densely  populated,, is  it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Cebu  is  more  densely  populated  than  any  other 
large  island;  and  while  it  is  not  quite  so  densely  populated  as  is 
Siquijor,  the  population  is  very  large  in  proportion  to  the  area. 

Mr.  Jones.  It  is  so  large,  is  it  not,  that  frequently  they  suffer  from 
famine  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  suffer  from  famine  there,  sir,  as  the  result  of 
drought.  Cebu  is  an  island  which  has  been  almost  deforested,  so  that 
the  moisture  is  not  held  in  the  soil ;  and  unless  it  rains  quite  constantly, 
general  drought  occurs  over  the  island.  At  such  a  time  a  very  much 
smaller  population  than  the  present  one  would  suffer.    Practically 


542  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PlilLIPPINE   LANDS. 

every  one  suffers.  If  it  were  not  for  that  a  very  much  larger  popula- 
tion could  live  there  comfortably. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  suppose  the  suffering  results  largely,  too,  from  the 
fact  that  they  are  improvident? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  They  do  not  lay  up  any  supplies  for  the  future? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  it.  It  is  often  true  that  in  Siquijor,  imme- 
diately after  the  corn  harvest,  the  people  will  sell  their  shelled  corn 
for  a  peso  or  tw^o  a  caban,  and  within  three  months  they  will  be  buy- 
ing back  that  same  shelled  corn  for  ^4,  ^5,  or  1P6  a  caban.  The 
Chinese  make  a  business  of  buying  it  and  storing  it  and  then  selling 
it  back  at  a  greatly  increased  price  to  the  people  who  sold  it  to  them. 

Mr.  Jones.  What  objection  is  there  to  using  the  proceeds  of  the 
sales  of  the  public  lands  for  the  purpose  of  paying  off  the  friar 
bonds?     Could  not  those  funds  be  applied  in  that  way? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  miglit  use  any  of  our  revenues,  sir;  but  if  you, 
will  examine  the  total  transactions  in  public  lands  you  wall  find 
that  they  have  been  so  small  that  the  net  proceeds  would  not  be  a 
drop  in  the  bucket. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand ;  but  you  seem  to  lay  stress  upon  the  fact 
that  these  friar  lands  have  been  purchased  and  that  the  Filipino 
people  had  to  pay  for  these  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  that  they  ought  to  be  paid  .for  out  of  the  proceeds 
of  these  friar  lands.  Now,  you  could  pay  those  bonds  out  of  any 
other  funds  that  came  into  the  insular  treasury,  could  you  not  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  there  is  nothing  to  prevent  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  if  you  could  sell  the  public  lands,  there  is  no 
more  reason  why  you  should  not  apply  those  funds  to  the  extin- 
guishment of  this  debt  than  there  is  why  you  should  apply  the  funds 
from  these  specific  lands  purchased  by  the  money  which  you  bor- 
rowed ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  might  use  our  customs  receipts,  our  internal 
revenue,  or  the  money  from  any  source  which  becomes  part  of  our 
public  funds  to  pay  this  bonded  indebtedness.  But  in  point  of 
fact  this  mass  of  trouble  which  we  purchased  for  approximately 
$7,000,000  has  been  turned  over  to  the  director  of  lands  and  myself, 
and  we  have  been  requested  not  only  to  find  a  way  out  of  the  agra- 
rian difficulties  which  previously  existed,  but  put  the  money  spent 
back  in  the  treasury.  They  expect  us  to  develop  it  as  a  business 
proposition,  and  so  far  as  it  is  possible  to  do  so  we  are  doing  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  When  you  say  "  they,"  you  mean  the  Government  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  the  Government. 

Mr.  eToNES.  The  Government  also  expects  you  to  utilize  the  pub- 
lic lands  for  that  and  other  purposes  just  as  rapidly  as  you  can,  does 
it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  present  theory,  sir,  is  that  the  friar-land 
bonds  w^ill  be  retired  from  the  proceeds  of  the  friar  lands  them- 
selves. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  understand  that  that  is  the  theory,  but  I  do  not  know 
exactly  why  it  should  be  the  theory.  It  does  not  make  any  difference 
how  these  lands  were  acquired — whether  the  public  lands  were  given 
to  the  Filipino  people  by  the  United  States  Government  or  not. 


ADMINISTKxlTION   OF   PHILIPPUSTE   LANDS.  543 

They  own  the  public  LtiicIs — that  is,  they  have  the  control  of  the 
public  lands  under  the  act  of  Congress,  and  they  have  the  right  to 
use  the  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  those  lands,  and  they  have  the 
same  control  over  the  friar  lands.  Now,  I  do  not  know  of  any  reason 
why  the  proceeds  of  the  friar  lands  should  be  applied  to  this  pur- 
pose any  more  than  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands.  They  both 
belong  to  the  Philippine  Government.  They  are  both  under  their 
control.  After  the  money  gets  into  the  treasury,  I  can  not  under- 
stand why  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands  may  not  be  applied  to 
this  purpose  just  as  properly  as  the  proceeds  from  the  friar  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  might  be,  sir,  but  the  law  provides  how  the 
friar  lands  proceeds  shall  be  applied. 

Mr.  Jones,  I  understand  it  does. 

Mr.  Worcester.  But  so  far  as  concerns  the  availability  of  other 
funds  to  retire  those  bonds,  they  are  unquestionably  available. 

Mr.  Jones.  Therefore  I  do  not  see  why  there  should  be  any  more 
special  effort  to  sell  the  friar  lands  in  order  to  get  the  money  to 
liquidate  these  bonds  than  there  should  be  an  effort  to  sell  the  public 
lands  for  the  same  purpose. 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  you  w^ere  an  administrative  official  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  people  w^ere  constantly  ding-donging  at  you 
to  know  how  you  were  going  to  get  the  money  back  on  that  invest- 
ment, you  might  find  a  personal  reason  for  w'anting  to  do  it. 

Mr.  Jones.  At  the  same  time,  I  might  reply  to  that,  Mr.  Worcester, 
that  when  we  bought  those  lands  there  was  no  expectation  on  the 
part  of  Congress  or  the  Secretary  of  War  that  the  bonds  would  be 
paid  off  out  of  the  proceeds  of  those  lands.  There  was  an  expecta- 
tion on  the  part  of  Mr.  Taft,  wdio  was  then  Secretary  of  War,  that 
there  would  be  a  loss  to  the  Government  on  the  purchase  of  the  lands; 
and  it  was  stated  by  everybody,  as  I  remember  the  discussion  at  the 
time,  that  the  Government  would  get  out  of  it  very  well  if  we  never 
got  a  cent  out  of  the  lands  at  all,  if  we  put  an  end  to  the  agrarian 
trouble  there,  and  brought  about  peace  and  tranquillity  in  the  islands. 
I  think  the  Secretary  of  War  said  that  if  that  were' done  the  seven 
million  and  odd  dollars  we  were  to  pay  for  the  lands  would  be  a 
small  sum. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Jones,  while  that  goes  into  the  record,  I  do 
not  want  it  to  go  in  without  a  protest  if  it  might  be  thought  to  in- 
volve any  understanding  by  implication  that  we  all  consent  to  that 
statement,  because  I  do  not  agree  to  it.  The  Senate  in  its  bill  pro- 
vided that  the  friar  lands  should  not  be  sold  for  less  than  the  cost 
price.  That  was  the  Senate's  proposition,  in  the  Senate  bill ;  and  it 
was  struck  out  in  conference. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  think  you  know.  Judge,  that  that  was  the  argument 
used  in  favor  of  the  purchase  of  these  lands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  We  insisted  on  striking  that  out  in  conference, 
because  we  said  that  we  probably  might  not  be  able  to  get  the  full 
amount  of  the  purchase  price,  and  that  if  we  could  not  that  provision 
would  handicap  and  embarrass  us.  The  purpose  was  to  get  all  we 
could  get  out  of  those  lands,  and  to  apply  it  on  the  bonds.  Of  course 
if  we  could  not  get  enough,  we  would  have  to  pay  them  out  of  other 
funds.  But  the  law  itself  provides  that  these  proceeds  shall  con- 
stitute a  sinking  fund  for  the  purpose  of  discharging  the  bonds,  and 


644  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

it  fixes  the  rate  of  interest  on  the  deferred  payments  to  conform  to 
the  rate  payable  on  bonds. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  is  in  the  organic  act.    , 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  is  the  declared  policy  that  the  proceeds  of  the 
friar  lands  shall  first  be  applied.  That  would  be  the  first  resource, 
the  first  asset,  to  be  applied  to  the  payment  of  the  bonds.  We  struck 
out  that  provision  in  the  Senate  bill  so  that  we  could  sell  them  at 
lower  rates  if  necessary ;  but  it  was  important  to  sell  them,  of  course. 

In  relation  to  the  other,  the  public  lands,  the  law  provides  that  the 
proceeds  of  the  sales  of  public  lands  shall  be  covered  into  the  treas- 
ury, to  be  used  for  insular  purposes  on  appropriation,  and  so  on.  I 
suppose  they  could  be  used  for  the  payment  of  these  bonds. 

Mr.  Jones.  Still,  Judge  Crumpacker,  I  think  we  all  agree  that 
these  lands  were  not  purchased  because  the  Government  wanted 
them,  or  because  the  Government  thought  it  was  going  to  get  a  bar- 
gain in  buying  them. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Oh,  we  were  not  trying  to  make  money ;  no.  It 
was  not  a  speculation. 

Mr.  Jones.  The  purpose  in  buying  those  lands  was  to  put  an  end 
to  the  friction  which  was  going  on  in  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  interposed  there  simply  to  make  the  sugges- 
tion that  we  did  not  all  agree  to  your  statement  that  we  might  have 
to  give  them  away,  or  it  would  perhaps  be  policy  to  give  them  away 
and  pay  off  the  bonds  altogether. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  did  not  mean  to  convey  the  idea  that  we  wanted  to 
give  them  away,  but  I  do  say  that  it  was  said  before  our  committee 
tliat  if  we  did  not  get  a  cent  out  of  them  the  $7,000,000  which  we 
were  to  pay  for  them  would  be  well  expended  if  it  put  an  end  to 
these  agrarian  troubles.  I  do  not  know  at  all.  Judge  Crumpacker, 
what  took  place  between  Republican  members  of  the  conference  com- 
mittee. That  was  secret.  That  was  something  nobody  knew  but  you 
gentlemen  who  were  in  those  conferences. 

The  Chairman.  Of  course  we  are  not  investigating  the  passage  of 
the  bill. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  do  know  jvhat  took  place  in  the  regular  conferences 
of  the  conferees  appointed  by  the  two  Houses,  for  I  was  one  of 
those.  I  can  not  tell  as  to  what  you  gentlemen  did  in  your  private 
conferences. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  have  not  looked  at  the  organic  act  for  some  time, 
but  does  not  the  organic  act  itself  specify  what  disposition  shall  be 
made  of  the  proceeds  of  sale  of  private  lands? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Surely;  expressly  and  unequivocally. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Does  not  that  express  in  itself  the  policy,  then, 
without  our  guessing  what  the  policy  might  be? 

The  Chair:vean.  It  strikes  me,  if  I  may  be  permitted,  that  really 
all  of  this  comes  doAvn  to  a  question  of  the  construction  of  the  act; 
and  perhaps  we  had  better  go  on  with  the  examination  of  the  witness. 

Mr.  Jones.  Perhaps  what  Judge  Crumpacker  and  I  said  had  better 
be  left  out  of  the  record.     We  do  not  want  to  cumber  the  record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  I  may  make  one  brief  sug<Testion  in  connection 
with  what  you  have  said,  Mr.  Jones,  I  should  like  to  do  so.  If,  in 
connection  with  that  benevolent  policy,  Congress  had  seen  fit  to  make 
us  a  present  of  $7,000,000  our  way  would  have  been  smooth,  and  we 
should  have  been  very  glad  thus  to  escape  from  our  difficulty.     But 


administratio:n'  of  Philippine  lands.  545 

$7,000,000  constitutes  more  thtm  one-half  of  the  total  revenues  of  the 
Philippine  government  for  a  year,  and  even  $1,000,000  looks  very,  very 
large  to  us.  One  of  the  things  that  we  have  to  consider  is  where  we 
are  going  to  get  the  money  to  continue  to  exist  and  to  do  the  multi- 
farious things  that  need  to  be  done.  We  have  to  work  pretty  hard 
to  get  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Judging  from  the  rate  at  which  you  dispose  of 
public  lands  proper,  how  long  would  it  take  to  realize  enough  net 
cash  out  of  the  disposition  of  the  public  lands  to  pay  off  the  friar 
bonds? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  would  be  a  very  long  time,  sir.  I  will  give  you 
the  facts  later. 

Mr.  Jones.  Mr.  Worcester,  is  there  not  a  great  deal  of  very  rich  and 
valuable  public  land  in  the  valley  of  the  Cagayan  River? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir ;  it  is  one  of  the  great  undeveloped  agri- 
cultural regions  of  the  archipelago. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  is  it  not  as  easy  to  dispose  of  a  large  tract  of  that 
land  as  it  was  to  dispose  of  the  Isabela  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  the  first  place,  sir,  we  have  not  disposed  of 
the  Isabela  estate;  and  I  regret  to  say  that  as  far  as  I  can  see  at 
present  there  is  no  probability  that  we  are  going  to  be  able  to  do  so. 
Nor  has  there  been  any  opportunity  to  dispose  of  the  public  lands  on 
a  large  scale,  if  at  all.  I  am  sure  that  the  facts  will  show  very  small 
transactions  in  public  lands  in  those  provinces.  The  natives  just 
move  onto  a  piece  of  land,  cultivate  it  until  it  begins  to  rim  down, 
and  then  move  onto  another,  and  no  one  says  them  nay.  As  long  as 
they  can  continue  to  do  that — and  no  one  Avishes  to  prevent  their 
doing  it  at  present — they  are  not  going  to  buy. 

Mr.  Jones.  Still,  you  could  prevent  that,  could  you  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  could,  but  I  think  it  would  be  a  most  unwise 
thing  to  do. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  not  a  large  part  of  this  friar  land  in  Cavite 
Province? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Considerable  tracts  of  it  are  in  Cavite  Province; 
yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Jo:nes.  Is  not  that  one  of  the  rich  provinces  of  the  islands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  a  prosperous  province  and  comparatively  a 
densely  populated  province. 

Mr.  Jones.  That  land  is  very  near  Manila.  Why  can  not  that  land 
be  disposed  of? 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  mean ■ 

Mr.  Jones.  The  public  land. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Simply  because  people  do  not  want  it,  Mr.  Jones; 
that  is  all. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  should  they  want  land  up  in  Isabela  Province 
and  in  Mindoro  in  preference  to  that  rich  land  in  Cavite  Province, 
which  is  so  near  to  Manila? 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  mean,  Why  should  people  wish  to  purchase 
friar  lands  in  those  two  places  rather  than  public  lands  in  Cavite  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Simply  because  they  can  get  it  in  large  tracts. 
There  is  no  other  reason  on  earth  that  I  can  think  of.  That  is  the 
only  advantage  that  the  friar  lands,  the  friar  unoccupied  lands, 
have ;  and  we  could  not  sell  them  if  it  were  not  for  that.    As  I  have 


546  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

already  said,  rich  public  lands  in  Mindoro  can  be  purchased,  and  we 
would  be  very  glad  to  sell  them  for  10  pesos  a  hectare — lands  ad- 
joining the  San  eTose  estate — and  the  price  at  which  we  did  sell  that 
estate  is  about  three  times  that  amount  per  hectare. 

Mr.  Jones.  Is  the  public  land  in  Cavite  Province  all  in  small  lots? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  think  so,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  Why  could  they  not  get  large  bodies  of  the  public  lands 
in  Cavite,  then? 

Mr.  WoRCESiT^R.  Because  we  can  not  sell  or  lease  large  bodies  of 
public  land. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  can  sell  2,500  acres. 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  can  sell  2,500  acres  to  an  agricultural  corpora- 
tion; but  that  is  not  a  large  body  for  a  sugar  grower.  He  wants 
e'ght  or  ten  thousand  acres. 

.Mr.  Jones.  It  is  the  contention  of  some  people,  you  know,  that  you 
can  not  sell  the  friar  land  in  a  larger  amount  than  that. 

Mr.  Worcester  (laughing).  Well,  after  the  gentle  reminder  that 
3'Ou  have  given  me  of  the  fact  that  I  am  not  entitled  to  interpret  the 
law,  I  think  I  will  remain  silent  on  that  subject. 

Mr.  Jones.  So  I  understand,  Mr.  Worcester,  that  the  reason  the 
rich  public  lands  are  not  sold  to  these  people  who  want  large  bodies 
is  not  because  there  is  not  this  land  to  be  had,  but  simply  because 
you  construe,  as  a  great  many  other  people  have  done,  that  the  friar 
lands  can  be  sold  in  larger  quantities  than  the  public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  the  fact,  sir. 

Mr.  Jones.  So  that  if  Congress  were  to  accept  the  view  that  you 
have  expressed  here,  and  take  off  the  limitation  as  to  the  public  lands, 
and  give  you  the  same  free  hand  as  to  the  public  lands  that  you  have, 
or  have  taken,  as  to  the  friar  lands,  then  you  could  dispose  of  the 
public  lands  to  these  people  just  as  well  as  you  can  dispose  of  these 
friar  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Just  as  well,  and  probably  in  considerable  quan- 
tity. However,  we  have  not  asked  that  Congress  should  be  quite  so 
liberal  as  that  with  us.  We  have  asked  that  they  should  raise  the 
limit. 

Mr.  Jones.  You  think,  to  10,000  acres? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  would  answer  very  well.  I  think 
15,000  would  be  better  and  safe. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  want  to  ask  you  a  question:  You  regard  these 
public  lands  as  primarily  the  property  of  the  Filipino  people,  do  you 
not — both  the  friar  lands  and  the  strictly-speaking  public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Under  the  law  as  passed,  which  makes  it  possible 
for  us  to  sell  the  lands  and  turn  the  money  into  the  treasury  of  the 
Philippine  Islands;  yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  looking  at  it  from  a  broader  viewpoint  than 
that :  When  the  American  Army  took  possession  of  that  country,  it 
found  a  land  that  was  the  natural  heritage  of  the  Filipino.  That  is 
true,  of  course.  The  disposition  of  the  American  Government  has 
been,  of  course,  to  preserve  that  land  for  the  Filipino  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  consider,  sir,  that  the  broad  policy  of  the  Gov- 
ernment should  be  to  administer  the  public  lands  of  the  Philippine 
Islands  in  such  a  w^ay  as  to  promote  the  interests  of  all  the  people  of 
the  Philippines. 

Mr.  Madison.  Principally  and  primarily  of  the  Filipino? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  547 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  must  call  your  attention  to  the  fact  that  we 
ordinarily  use  the  word  "  Filipino  "  in  referring  to  the  civilized  and 
Christianized  inhabitants  of  the  islands,  and  that  I  use  it  in  that 
sense  in  this  testimony.  Such  people  make  up  about  seven-eighths  of 
the  population  of  the  islands.  The  remaining  eighth  is  non-Chris- 
tian and  wild,  and  holds  territory  over  which  the  Christian  natives 
have  never  exercised  any  control.  I  do  not  wish  to  be  understood  as 
saying  that  we  should  so  administer  the  lands  as  to  promote  the 
benefit  of  any  section  of  the  population  there,  whether  Christian  or 
non-Christian. 

Mr.  Madison.  Oh,  certainly  not. 

Mr.  Worcester.  But  I  do  think  that  we  should  use  those  lands  in 
such  a  way  as  to  promote  the  prosperity  of  the  country  at  large;  and 
that  the  interests  of  all  of  the  inhabitants  there,  whether  American, 
European,  Christian  native,  or  non-Christian  native,  are  practiciilly 
identical.  What  makes  for  a  prosperous  country  will  make  for  the 
interests  of  the  individuals  who  inhabit  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  All  right.  We  have  been  endeavoring  to  educate 
those  people;  have  we  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  indeed,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  success  have  we  attained  in  that  respect- 
just  briefly?     I  do  not  want  to  prolong  this  examination. 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  refer  to  the  result  of  the  school  system? 

Mr.  Madison.  Yes;  the  result  of  the  school  system,  and  generally 
to  the  teaching  to  those  people  of  our  ideas  and  our  theories  of  gov- 
ernment and  our  civilization;  not  alone  the  matter  of  teaching  them 
in  schools,  but  our  contact  with  them.  We  have  been  generally  en- 
deavoring to  improve  them  and  uplift  them  and  add  to  their  civiliza- 
tion. Very  briefly,  now,  what  has  been  the  result,  in  the  12  years  we 
have  been  there  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Very  briefly,  it  has  been  as  follows,  beginning  at 
the  bottom:  We  have  established  a  system  of  primary  schools,  which 
extend  throughout  the  territor}?^  of  the  Christian  natives;  and  we 
have  been  supplementing  that  by  a  system  of  secondary  schools  cor- 
responding to  our  high  schools,  which  are  now  available  in  a  consid- 
erable number  of  provinces. 

English  is  very  much  more  generally  spoken  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  to-day  than  Spanish  ever  was.  and  in  any  ordinary  pro- 
vincial town  you  will  find  a  group  of  intelligent  young  men  and 
young  women  who  will  readily  discuss  with  you  in  your  own  language 
any  subject  which  may  reasonably  come  within  the  ken  of  such  young 
people. 

In  Manila  you  will  find  a  normal  school  where  both  young  men 
and  young  women  are  being  trained  very  successfully  as  teachers. 

In  the  Philippine  General  Hospital  you  will  find  young  women 
serving  as  trained  nurses  side  by  side  with  American  trained  nurses, 
and  doing  their  work  quite  as  well  as  many  of  the  American  trained 
nurses  do.  The  experiment  of  training  Filipino  women  as  nurses 
is  a  pronounced  success. 

You  will  find  there,  also,  a  medical  school  where  young  men  are 
being  given  really  adequate  training  in  medicine  and  surgery.  While 
we  have  not  yet  had  much  opportunity  to  try  them  out,  it  is  my 
firm  conviction  that  the  experiment  will  result  in  success,  and  that 
we  shall  be  able  to  train  on  the  ground  men  and  women  who  will 


548  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

not  only  be  good  doctors  and  surgeons,  bnt  will  successfully  aid 
us  in  carrying  out  the  general  sanitary  work  of  the  islands. 

You  will  find  in  connection  with  the  bureau  of  lands  a  special 
technical  school  for  the  training  of  surveyors,  designed  to  bring  up 
Filipinos  to  replace  the  Americans  w^ho  are  doing  that  work  to-day. 
This  effort  is  meeting  with  a  very  fair  degree  of  success. 

In  the  wild  men's  country  you  will  find  that  head-hunting  has  been 
checked  throughout  almost  its  entire  extent,  and  that  we  are  teach- 
ing the  people  industrial  w^ork  and  a  little  English.  We  are  teach- 
ing them  things  that  are  useful  to  them,  so  that  we  make  them 
better  wild  men  instead  of  training  them  up  in  such  a  way  that  they 
are  useless  to  their  own  people  and  useless  to  anyone  else. 

In  connection  with  the  educational  work  for  the  Filipinos  in  the 
lowlands,  you  will  find  that  em^phasis  is  being  laid  on  industrial  and 
agricultural  training,  so  that  we  may  not  simply  train  up  a  large 
body  of  persons  fit  only  for  clerks  and  desirous  only  of  feeding  at 
the  public  crib.  It  is  our  aim  rather  to  make  better  citizens  of  the 
Filipinos — people  who  will  be  better  farmers,  better  mechanics,  and 
who,  in  general,  will  be  able  to  earn  their  own  living  to  advantage. 

You  will  find,  on  the  whole,  the  friendliest  relations  between 
Americans  and  Filipinos  where  they  come  in  contact  with  each 
other. 

Mr.  Madison.  In  the  matter  of  the  desire  to  acquire  property,  and 
to  own  it,  and  to  deal  in  property,  what  if  any  change  has  taken 
place? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Very  little,  sir.  The  Filipino  is  strongly  attached 
to  his  own  home.  At  the  same  time,  he  is  indisposed  to  mix  in  affairs 
which  he  does  not  understand.  So  long  as  he  is  alloAved  to  continue 
to  occupy  without  molestation  the  land  upon  which  he  has  settled,  I 
can  not  see  that  at  present  there  is  much  prospect  of  his  becoming 
greatly  interested  in  acquiring  title  to  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  do  you  think  about  the  succeeding  generation? 
You  have  given  us  a  very  interesting  description  of  the  improvement 
these  people  are  making,  and  it  seems  to  me  that  it  will  be  bound  to 
tell  upon  the  succeeding  generation.  Knowing,  as  you  do,  the  char- 
acteristics of  the  people,  what  effect  do  you  think  these  things  are 
going  to  have  upon  the  succeeding  generation  in  the  matter  of  a  desire 
to  acquire  property,  get  title  to  land,  and  improve  their  condition 
along  these  lines? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  must  say,  sir,  that  I  am  neither  a  prophet  nor 
the  son  of  a  prophet. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  simply  ask  you  generally,  and  you  can  answer  me 
briefly  as  to  your  opinion  about  the  matter.  I  do  not  care  to  go  into 
it  extensively. 

Mr.  WoRCESiTSR.  My  training  has  fitted  me  to  deal  with  facts 
rather  than  to  indulge  in  theories,  but  I  believe  the  condition  of  the 
people  in  that  regard  as  a  whole  will  improve.  Every  time  a  gradu- 
ate of  one  of  our  better  schools  goes  back  home  there  is  a  tendency 
toward  the  uplifting  of  the  household  to  which  that  individual  re- 
turns. Girls  who  have  been  at  the  normal  school  are  not  content  to 
continue  to  live  as  they  perhaps  used  to  live.  The  civilization  of 
the  families  from  which  they  come  is  already  such  that  the  gap  is 
not  a  large  one.  It  is  not  like  the  going  home  of  Indian  girls  in  this 
country,  for  instance,  where  the  conditions  to  which  they  go  are 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  549 

wholly  different  from  those  to  which  they  have  become  accustomed. 
It  is  a  question  of  a  little  improvement.  They  are  not  educated  away 
from  their  own  people  at  all,  but  they  have  new  ideas,  and  the  people 
assimilate  those  ideas.  I  think  conditions  will  improve  as  time 
goes  by. 

Mr.  Madison.  Ultimately,  then,  they  will  have  a  desire  to  acquire 
these  rich  lands  and  to  improve  them  themselves? 

Mr.  WoECESTER.  I  think  they  will,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is  all. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  AVorcester,  in  reply  to  Judge  Crumpacker, 
you  stated  that  at  the  present  rate  of  sale  it  would  take  a  long  time 
to  realize  from  the  sale  of  public  lands  sufficient  to  pay  these  friar- 
land  bonds.    Have  you  any  idea  how^  long  it  will  take? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  not,  sir ;  but  I  shall  be  glad  to  furnish  you 
information  on  that  subject. 

(Mr.  Worcester  subsequently  made  the  following  statement:) 

I  misunderstood  the  question  of  the  chairman,  although  it  would 
appear  from  the  record  that  there  was  no  reason  why  I  should  have 
done  so.  I  got  the  idea  that  he  was  inquiring  as  to  the  time  which 
it  would  take  to  retire  the  friar-land  bonds  covering  the  cost  of  the 
San  Jose  estate.  It  is,  of  course,  evident  to  everyone  that  the  whole 
issue  of  friar-land  bonds  could  never  be  paid  off  with  the  funds  de- 
rived from  public  lands  at  anything  like  the  present  rate.  The  re- 
ceipts from  public  lands  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1910,  w^ere 
as  follows: 

Homesteads $3,  547.  00 

Sale  of  public  land 925.68 

Interest 2. 15 

Sale  of  mineral  lands 1,376.72 

Leases  of  public  lands 966.  8S 

Leases  and  bonus  reclamation  areas 4,647.87 

Baguio    town-site   sales 4,218.25 

Total  receipts,  public-land  disposition 15,6^4.55 

The  annual  interest  on  friar-land  bonds  is 289,000.00 

The    estimated    annual    administration    expense    for    the   next    ten 

years  is  25,000.00 

The  average  annual  expense  to  the  Philippine  Government  on  ac- 
count of  friar  lands  for  the  next  ten  years  will  be 305,  000.  00 

As  the  receipts  of  all  sorts  derived  from  public  lands  during  the 
fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1910,  totaled  but  $15,684.55,  and  as  the 
interest  alone  on  the  friar-land  bonds  during  the  same  period 
amounted  to  $280,000,  it  would  seem  quite  evident  that  the  prospect 
of  paying  the  interest  on  these  bonds  and  of  retiring  the  bonds  them- 
selves when  due  from  the  income  derived  from  public  lands  is,  to  say 
the  least,  net  flattering. 

The  Chairman.  I  have  here  a  statement,  found  on  page  76  of  the 
hearings,  from  which  it  appears  that  the  total  number  of  sales  of 
public  lands  down  to  September  1,  1910,  was  62,  covering  a  total 
area  of  14,790  acres.  At  about  what  price  per  acre  were  they  sold,  if 
you  can  tell  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Practically  without  exception  they  will  prove  to 
have  been  sold  at  the  minimum  rate  authorized  by  law. 

The  Chairman.  And  that  is  how  much? 

Mr.  Worcester.  $2  gold  per  acre,  sir. 


550  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

The  Chairman.  Then  you  have  received  about  $29,000  in  eight 
years? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  say  that  the  reason  why  there  are  not  more 
sales  of  public  lands  is  because  you  are  by  law  limited  in  quantity 
to  the  sale  of  16  hectares  (or  about  40  acres)  to  an  individual  and 
1,024  hectares  (or  2,500  acres)  to  a  corporation? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  would  not  make  that  statement.  The 
homestead  of  16  hectares  is  ample  so  far  as  concerns  the  land  that  the 
ordinary  native  inhabitant  of  the  islands  to-day  is  likely  to  want. 
But  the  sale  of  public  lands  to  the  extraordinary  inhabitant — that 
is,  the  man  of  large  means  and  larger  executive  ability,  who  would 
like  to  develop  a  plantation — is  interfered  with  by  the  high  limit  that 
is  imposed.  So  far  as  the  common  citizens  are  concerned,  the  men 
who  make  up  the  bulk  of  the  population,  the  16  hectares  will  do. 
But  when  a  man  wants  to  get  ahead — take,  for  instance,  the  planting 
of  coconut  trees,  which  is  one  of  our  most  important  lines  of  in- 
dustry. With  trees  at  a  proper  distance  there  will  be  40  trees  to  the 
acre.  On  40  acres  you  get  1,600  trees.  The  gross  income  from  those 
trees  when  they  have  reached  full  productivity  may  be  estimated  at 
$3  a  year  each,  of  which  at  least  a  half  will  be  eaten  up  by  expenses. 

That  does  not  make  possible  a  very  large  business,  and  there  are  to- 
day large  numbers  of  Filipinos  who  are  more  than  capable  of  carry- 
ing on  a  business  much  greater  than  that. 

The  Chairman.  If  an  individual  wanted  a  tobacco  plantation 
would  he  want  more  than  40  acres? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Well,  that  would  depend  on  his  ideas  as  to  the 
amount  of  income  he  needed ;  the  net  returns  from  an  acre  in  tobacco 
would  be  considerably  greater  than  the  returns  from  an  acre  in  co- 
conuts, if  the  season  was  good.  They  might  be  nil  and  they  might 
be  several  hundred  pesos. 

The  Chairman.  Suppose  the  individual  wished  to  start  a  sugar 
plantation.     Could  he  do  it  on  40  acres? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  very  well,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Could  he  do  it  at  all? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  native  who  wished  to  grow  sugar  in  a  small 
way,  extracting  it  by  the  most  primitive  of  the  means  which  have 
heretofore  been  employed,  could  run  a  little  farm,  but  sugar  can  not 
be  commercally  produced  to-day  on  the  basis  of  40-acre  farms. 

The  Chairman.  Because  it  is  produced  more  cheaply  by  the  mod- 
ern methods,  where  larger  areas  are  cultivated? 

Mr.  WoRCESiTCR.  Yes,  sir.  The  maximum  extraction  which  we  get 
in  the  case  of  mills  anything  like  those  ordinarily  used  in  the  Philip- 
pine Islands,  is  60  per  cent.  The  extraction  obtained  in  the  modern 
mills  goes  as  high  as  95  per  cent  and  slightly  over  95  per  cent  in  some 
cases 

The  Chairman.  Of  course,  an  individual  could  hardly  construct 
a  modern  mill • 

Mr.  WoRCES^PER  (interposing).  No;  take  the  question  of  rice  again. 
It  is  a  question  of  great  importance  to  us.  Last  year  we  imported  into 
the  Philippine  Islands  more  than  $8,000,000  worth  of  rice.  Eice  is 
the  breath  of  our  people.  We  ought  to  export  rice  to  China,  but  if 
we  are  to  do  it  we  must  make  our  labor  more  efficient  by  introducing 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  551 

modern  machinery  and  modern  methods,  and  a  man  could  not  possi- 
bly aflford  to  do  that  in  connection  with  a  40-acre  tract. 

The  Chairman.  How  many  acres  would  he  require  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  would  require  a  good  many.  You  can  estimate 
the  return  on  unhusked  rice  as,  perhaps,  20  cabans  per  acre,  worth 
from  50  cents  to  $1  gold.  From  this  you  must  deduct  the  cost  of  pro- 
duction. You  can  see  it  would  take  a  good  many  acres  to  make  an 
income  of  great  size;  the  number  of  acres  required  would  obviously 
depend  on  the  amount  a  man  thought  he  ought  to  make. 

The  Chairman.  If  you  are  or  should  be  restricted  by  hiw  in  buying 
the  friar  lands,  in  the  same  areas,  to  16  hectares  to  an  individual  and 
1,024  to  a  corporation,  could  you  sell  those  friar  lands  any  more 
rapidly  than  the  public  lands? 

Mr.  WoRCESiT^R.  No ;  I  think  not. 

The  Chairman.  Could  you  sell  them  as  rapidly? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Speaking  of  the  vacant  friar  lands  as  a  whole,  no; 
because  of  the  inaccessibility  of  one  of  the  greatest  estates,  the  Isabela 
estate. 

The  Chairman.  I  would  inquire  about  the  prices  for  the  sales  of 
friar  lands;  how  do  they  compare  with  the  prices  made  for  public 
lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  are  very  much  higher,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  The  friar  lands  are  higher? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Very  much  higher. 

The  Chairman.  Are  they  any  better  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  public  lands  just  as  good  as  any  friar 
lands.  As  a  rule,  however,  the  average  of  the  friar  lands  is  very  hi;?:h. 
While  there  are  a  few  estates  with  poor  lands,  I  think  for  the  most 
part  the  lands  are  very  good  lands. 

The  Chairman.  Suppose  we  take  the  San  Jose  estate,  the  Isabela 
esiate,  and  the  Calamba  estate;  how  do  those  lands  compare  with  the 
public  lands,  in  quality? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  lands  on  all  those  estates  are  good  agricul- 
tural lands.  On  the  San  Jose  estate  and  the  Isabela  estate  there  are 
very  large  tracts  of  adjacent  unoccupied  public  agricultural  lands 
just  as  good.  On  the  Calamba  estate  I  can  not  speak  from  personal 
knowledge;  I  don't  know  whether  at  the  back  side  of  that  estate  there 
is  or  is  not  a  considerable  stretch  of  good  public  lands. 

The  Chairman.  On  those  estates  where  you  say  there  are  adjoin- 
ing public  lands  of  just  as  good  quality,  at  what  price  do  you  offer 
the  public  lands  for  sale  as  compared  with  the  price  which  you  ask 
for  and  get  for  the  friar  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  offer  the  public  lands  at  the  low^est  price  au- 
thorized by  law,  namely,  10  pesos  per  hectare,  or  $2  gold  per  acre. 
Our  constant  policy  has  been  to  sell  the  public  lands  at  the  lowest 
lawful  price — unless  they  happened  to  be  on  the  edge  of  a  town,  or 
on  some  important  line  of  communication,  so  as  to  make  it  easy  to 
dispose  of  them  at  a  higher  price. 

The  Chairman.  Are  there  any  public  lands  on  the  Island  of  Mm- 
doro? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Nearly  the  whole  island  of  Mindoro  is  public 
land. 

The  Chairman.  At  what  price? 

Mr.  Worcester.  ^10  per  hectare. 


552  ADMINISTRATTOK   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS, 

The  Chairman.  $2  per  acre! 

Mr.  Worcester.  $2  per  acre. 

The  Chairman.  And  how  much  do  you  get  per  acre  for  the  friar 
land  sold  on  that  island?  You  may  give  it  m  round  numbers  if 
you  have  not  the  figures. 

Mr.  Worcester.  One  thing  that  troubles  us  is  that  we  are  all  the 
time  reckoning  in  hectares  and  then  translating  hectares  into  acres 
and  vice  vei^:a;  and  so  I  am  likely  sometimes  to  state  figures  for 
hectares  when  they  should  be  stated  for  acres. 

The  Chairman.  Give  us  the  price  per  hectare,  then. 

Mr.  eTo^ES.  ^10  would  be  $2.50  in  gold,  would  it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No  ;  it  is  ^10  per  hectare  for  public  land. 

Mr.  Garrett.  That  would  be  $2  an  acre  ? 

Mr.  Jones.  No  ;  ^10  would  be  $5  in  gold. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes ;  $2  per  acre. 

Mr.  Garrett.  You  said  ^10  per  hectare  would  be  $2  in  gold  per 
acre  ? 

Mr.  Hamilton.  That  is  quite  a  difTerence. 

Mr.  Sleeper.  $6  and  something  per  acre  is  the  price  of  the  San 
Jose  estate. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Capt.  Sleeper  says  it  comes  to  $6  and  something 
per  acre. 

The  Chairman.  Are  we  to  understand,  then,  that  you  got  three 
times  as  much  for  the  friar  lands  per  acre  as  you  are  asldng  for 
public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  more  than  three  times  as  much. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  attribute  the  fact  tluit  you  are  able  to 
get  three  times  as  much  for  the  friar  lands  on  the  Island  of  Min- 
dovo — three  times  as  much  as  you  ask  for  public  land — to  the  fact 
that  you  sell  them  in  larger  quantities  than  you  sell  public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  absolutely  the  only  reason  I  can  see. 

The  Chairman.  Judge  Madison,  I  think,  says  that  the  public 
lands  were  a  heritage  of  the  Filipinos.  Did  they  not  belong  to  the 
Crown  of  Spain  before  the  United  States  acquired  them? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  did,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  The  United  States  acquired  them  from  the  Crown 
of  Spain  under  the  Paris  treaty? 

Mr.  WoRCESiTSR.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Do  you  know  how  the  Filipinos  could  obtain  any 
of  those  lands  from  the  Crown  of  Spain  before  the  occupation  of  the 
United  States? 

Mr.  ^VoRCESTER.  I  know  it  w^as  very  difficult  for  anyone  to  obtain 
land  owing  to  the  methods  which  prevailed  in  connection  with  sales. 
I  have  known  tlie  same  piece  of  land  to  be  sold  by  the  Spanish  Gov- 
ernment to  two  different  people. 

The  Chairman.  The  Government  of  Spain? 

Mr.  WoRCES'TER.  Yes,  sir;  I  have  known  a  small  piece  of  land 
which  had  already  been  formerly  sold  to  be  included  within  the 
limits  of  a  larger  tract  and  sold  over  again,  and  in  general  the  legal 
steps  connected  with  such  transactions  were  very  tedious,  were  wound 
up  in  much  red  tape,  and  purchasers  frequently  held  up  by  venal 
officials  who  compelled  the  persons  who  wished  to  acquire  land  to 
come  to  an  understanding  with  them  before  any  action  was  taken  at 
all.     It  was  a  difficult  matter. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  553 

The  Chairman.  Did  the  Filipinos  have  to  buy  the  land  from  the 
Crown  of  Spain  in  order  to  get  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  answer  that  question,  sir.  We  have 
with  us  a  man  who  is  familiar  w^ith  the  Spanish  law^  and  I  would  be 
glad  to  get  the  information  from  him,  but  I  can  not  tell  3^ou  whether 
there  w^as  any  definite  right  arising  from  occupation. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  this  policy  of  selling  public  lands  at  the  mini- 
mum price  provided  by  law  for  the  purpose  of  interesting  tiie  people 
generallj^  in  the  development  of  the  country  and  inducing  them  to 
have  homes  of  their  own? 

Mr.  W^ORCESTER.  Yes,  sir;  I  feel  that  we  could  well  afford  to  let 
the  people  have  the  land  at  what  it  actually  costs  us  to  dispose  of  it 
there  if  we  were  authorized  to  do  so. 

The  Chairman.  So  as  to  encourage  them  into  going  into  industries 
and  building  homes? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  When  people  come  to  me  and  ask  me  if 
there  is  any  objection  to  their  settling  on  public  land  and  cultivating 
it,  I  have  always  told  them,  no.  It  does  not  hurt  the  Land.  While 
it  may  reduce  its  fertility  in  some  instances,  in  others  we  get  rid  of 
brush  and  trees,  and  so  forth,  and  invariably  our  answer  to  the  in- 
quiry on  the  part  of  the  man  who  wants  to  settle  on  public  land,  and 
asks  if  there  is  any  objection,  is  that  Ave  have  no  objection. 

Mr.  Madison.  If  40  acres  is  too  small  for  a  homestead,  how  many 
acres  do  you  think  ought  to  constitute  a  homestead  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  don't  really  think,  sir,  myself,  that  40  acres  is 
too  small  for  a  homestead  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  But  I  do  think 
that  we  ought  not  to  fix  the  low  limit  of  land  which  can  be  sold  to 
individuals  at  40  acres.  The  homestead  goes  to  the  man  wlio  is  him- 
self going  to  live  on  the  land  and  cultivate  it,  and  40  acres  is  a  good 
deal  more  than  the  average  Filipino  of  the  agricultural  olass  does 
cultivate,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  at  this  time.  But  in  order  to  supply 
his  needs,  sir,  and  in  fixing  a  limit  which  might  be  adequate  for  him, 
it  does  not  seem  to  me  that  we  ought  to  discriminate  Mgaiust  the  man 
of  larger  abilities  who  would  establish  a  bigger  farm  than  that  if 
given  the  opportunity. 

Mr.  Madison.  You  would  then  put  the  public  lands  of  the  Philip- 
pines upon  sale  to  any  person  who  desired  to  purchase  them? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Certainly,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  limitation  would  you  put  on  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  would  myself  leave  the  homestead  limitation 
where  it  is;  I  would  raise  the  limit  on  land  which  an  individual 
might  purchase  to  that  which  a  corporation  might  purchase.  I  do 
not  see  why  a  corporation  should  be  more  favored  than  an  individual. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  then  what  would  you  fix  for  the  corporation? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I,  myself,  w^ould  fix  it  at  15,000  ocres. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Is  this  16  hectares  that  you  speak  of  as  a  limitation 
simply  a  limitation  upon  the  acquisition  of  a  homestead  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes;  40  acres. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Do  they  not  have  to  pay  the  same  price  as  any  other 
person  purchasing? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  the  homestead  cost  only  ^20,  while 
the  ordinary  purchaser  of  40  acres  of  public  land  pays  f^lGO. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  That  is,  by  occupation  they  could  earn  this  home- 
stead ? 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 39 


554  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Well,  by  the  fact  of  occupying  it  they  are  freed 
from  the  necessity  of  paying  anything  like  what  it  would  cost  them 
if  they  bought  it  outright. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  How  long  do  they  have  to  occupy  these  16  hectares 
in  order  to  acquire  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.    Five  years. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Your  proposition  would  be,  to  relieve  that  much 
greater  limitation,  to  make  purchasers  of  land  practically  free  up  to 
10,000  or  15,000  acres? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hubbard.  Any  individual  could  purchase  from  10,000  to 
15,000  acres ;  but  a  person  seeking  to  earn  it  as  a  homestead  by  occu- 
pation, you  think  the  present  limit  should  be  retained — 16  hectares? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  a  way,  that  is  my  view ;  I  do  not  by  any  means 
wish  to  discriminate  against  a  man  who  would  like  to  own  more 
land.  I  do  not  Avant  to  be  understood  as  doing  that.  But  I  do  think 
that  taking  the  conditions  as  they  are,  the  present  limitation  is 
adequate.  That  is,  I  do  not  think  the  ordinary  man  for  whom  the 
homestead  is  intended  cares  for  more  land  than  he  gets.  The  fact 
is,  the  ordinary  Filipino  cultivates  land  in  small  tracts.  He  likes 
to  let  his  land  rest,  as  he  says;  he  does  not  fertilize  the  land,  and 
after  he  has  taken  off  a  few  crops  from  one  part  he  abandons  that 
and  cultivates  some  other  tract  which  has  been  growing  rich  by  the 
natural  process.  So  the  total  amount  of  land  he  has  ought  to  be 
materially  in  excess  of  that  which  he  is  cultivating  at  any  given  time, 
in  order  to  meet  his  needs  according  to  his  present  methods;  but  I 
really  think  that  the  present  limit  of  40  acres  on  a  homestead  is 
pretty  ample. 

Mr.  Madison.  Would  you  make  any  requirement  as  to  improve- 
ment in  the  case  of  the  man  who  bought  25  acres  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  what,  sir  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  I  thought  it  was  but  fair  to  ask  you  that,  because  it 
seems  to  me  the  proposition  you  stated  is  rather  astounding;  it  looks 
to  me  like  it  would  mean  in  a  short  time  the  acquisition  of  the  entire 
islands  by  speculators.  Now,  then,  I  want  to  be  fair  with  you.  What 
limitation  would  you  provide  in  the  case  of  a  sale  of  2,500  acres  of 
land  to  an  individual,  in  the  matter  of  improvements? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  within  reasonable  time,  liberal  time, 
so  that  he  would  not  be  unduly  crowded,  he  ought  to  be  made  to 
utilize  all  the  land  he  gets. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  the  same  way  in  regard  to  the  corporation? 

Mr.  WoRCEsraR.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  But  with  a  limitation  as  to  improvements — and  I 
assume  that  you  mean  a  reasonable  limitation;  that  is,  that  there 
should  be  a  reasonable  amount  of  improvement  carried  on  within  a 
reasonable  time — you  would  fix  the  amount  at  the  figures  you  have 
stated? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  would;  and  if  you  could  have  engaged,  as  we 
have,  in  efforts  to  get  people  to  take  land  under  some  of  the  seemingly 
liberal  provisions  of  the  act,  as,  for  instance,  that  in  connection  with 
free  patent,  where  it  costs  them  nothing  at  all,  and  had  noted  the 
real  insignificance  of  the  total  transactions  in  public  lands  to-day,  I 
am  sure  you  would  realize  that  we  are  not  in  imminent  danger  of 
having  our  lands  taken  up  in  large  tracts.     People  have  erroneous 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  555 

ideas  about  our  climate.  They  think  there  is  a  deadly  climate  in  the 
Philippines,  where  'the  white  man  is  going  to  become  a  physical 
wreck  in  a  little  while.  That  is  not  true;  but  still  it  keeps  people 
away.  People  in  this  country  say  that  it  is  a  long  way  to  the  Philip- 
pines, and  that  they  don't  want  their  money  to  go  over  there  so  far 
from  home.  That  is  another  difficulty.  Then  there  is  the  ever-present 
labor  trouble,  the  lack  of  the  habit  on  the  part  of  the  Filipino  of 
serving  as  a  plantation  laborer  in  the  sense  that  we  understand  that 
term  here,  and  there  are  other  factors  which  have  thus  far,  at  all 
events,  prevented  very  effectively  any  considerable  transactions  in 
public  lands. 

Mr.  EucKER.  Would  not  the  uncertainty  in  regard  to  the  future 
of  the  islands  or  their  ultimate  progress,  or  otherwise,  have  something 
to  do  with  it  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  true,  sir.  But  if  it  is  true— and  I  believe 
it  is — that  we  are  not  going  to  leave  the  interests  of  our  citizens  un- 
protected in  a  country  wliich  has  been  under  our  flag — in  other 
words,  that  we  would  not  make  any  arrangement  there  that  would 
expose  our  people  to  serious  danger  of  losing  their  lives  or  being 
wrongfully  deprived  of  their  property — I  can  not  see  that  that  is 
a  very  serious  matter.  Of  course  if  it  were  definitely  known  that 
we  were  going  to  leave  the  islands  at  a  fixed  date,  investment  might 
perhaps  be  interfered  with,  because  people  could  not  know  in  ad- 
vance what  the  conditions  would  be  when  we  left.  If  it  were  known 
that  we  were  going  to  stay  there  indefinitely,  people  would  be  as- 
sured of  protection.  But  if  it  were  simply  known,  ns  it  seems  to  me 
it  ought  to  be  and  must  be,  that  we  are  going  to  stay  there  at  least 
until  we  can  be  assured  of  a  good  condition  of  public  order  on  our 
departure  and  of  justice  for  all  the  inhabitants  and  of  protection 
for  their  property  rights,  that  ought  to  be  sufficient  ground  to  jus- 
tify investment. 

Mr.  Madison.  Mr.  Olmsted  asked  you  something  about  the  public 
lands  being  the  property  of  the  Crown  of  Spain.  Is  it  not  true  that 
immediately  upon  the  cession  of  the  islands  to  the  United  States 
we  absolutely  reversed  the  policy  of  the  Spanish  Government  with 
regard  to  the  public  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Well,  before  I  answer  that  question,  sir,  I  should' 
like  to  inform  myself  more  fully  than  I  have  as  yet  as  to  that  policy, 
because  I  am  really  not 

Mr.  Madison.  I  accept  that  as  a  sufficient  answer,  because  we  want 
to  hurry  along. 

At  the  present  time  every  dollar  that  is  received  from  the  sale  of 
public  lands  goes  into  the  Filipino  treasury,  does  it  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  The  public  lands  are  also  thrown  open  to  acquisition 
free  of  cost  by  the  Filipino  people,  are  they  not — that  is,  except  a 
mere  nominal  cost  ? 

Mr.  WoRCESiT^R.  Except  the  cost  provided  by  law ;  yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  that  is  merely  nominal  as  compared  with  the 
actual  value  of  the  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes. 

Mr.  Madison.  That  is,  it  is  open  to  homesteading  and  where  the 
land  is  sold,  as  you  say,  the  money  goes  into  the  public  treasury  of 


556  ADMIISriSTEATION^   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

the  Philippine  Government;  it  does  not  go  to  the  United  States 
Government,  does  it? 

Mr.  WoRCPiSTER.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Madison.  In  any  manner,  way,  shape,  or  form? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No. 

Mr.  Madison.  And  it  has  been  the  policy,  therefore,  for  onr  Gov- 
ernment, has  it  not,  to  treat  these  islands  and  these  lands  as  the  prop- 
erty and  the  national  heritage  of  the  people  that  occupy  them  and 
inhabit  them? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  it  has,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  In  what  province  is  the  Calamba  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  the  l^rovince  of  La  Laguna. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  many  acres  are  there  in  that  estate?  I 
think  it  is  24,188,  but  I  want  to  get  it  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  will  give  it  to  you  in  a  moment.  [After  refer- 
ence to  memorandum]  34, 182 J  acres. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  tenants,  or  occupants  of  parcels  of  land  in 
that  estate,  have  all  leased  their  holdings,  I  understand. 

Mr.  WoRCESiT]R.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  the  aggregate  acreage  of  the  occupants 
is  7,190? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  thndv  that  is  correct. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  got  that  from  your  report. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Those  figures  were  carefully  prepared. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  leased  to  Mr.  A.  F.  Thayer  some  time  ago, 
with  the  right  to  purchase,  an  unoccupied  tract  containing  8,218 
acres  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Leaving  a  balance  of  18,775  acres  unoccupied, 
not  leased  or  sold? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Who  is  Mr.  A.  F.  Thayer? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Just  what  do  you  mean  by  that  question? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Well,  whereabouts  does  he  live? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  don't  know;  he  has  disappeared. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Where  did  he  live  at  the  time  that  he  negotiated 
this  lease? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  Manila. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Wluit  was  his  business? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  I'epresi^nted  himself  as  an  agent  for  Mr.  Dil- 
lingham, of  Honolulu,  I  am  informed.  I  never  met  Mr.  Thayer  but 
once,  and  never  talked  business  with  him  at  all. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  never  discussed  the  subject  of  the  lease  and 
purchase  of  the  land  with  him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  never  did. 

Mr.  RucKER.  Judge  Crumpacker,  will  you  let  me  interject  just  a 
word  ?  I  inquired  something  in  regard  to  Mr.  Thayer,  and  from  my 
questions  it  would  probably  be  inferred  that  I  understood  that  he 
was  a  nephew  of  a  United  States  judge,  now  on  duty  in  China,  and 
was  also  from  Colorado.  I  have  since  ascertained  that  that  was  a 
mistake.  I  thought  it  was  the  same  person,  but  this  Mr.  Thayer  is  an 
entirely  different  individual. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  the  lease  made  to  Mr.  Thayer  himself? 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  557 

Mr.  WoRCESi^R.  I  think  that  the  land  on  the  Calamba  estate  was 
leased  directly  to  a  Mr.  Thayer.  There  were  a  number  of  parcels  of 
land  and  property,  a  number  of  leases.  Capt.  Sleeper  can  give  you 
the  details  in  regard  to  that. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  Mr.  Thayer  make  application  for  any  more 
of  the  land  than  that  covered  by  the  lease? 

^  Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  tell  you,  sir ;  but  I  can  get  the  informa- 
tion for  you. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Could  he  have  gotten  the  entire  unoccupied  por- 
tion of  that  estate  if  he  had  made  proper  application  and  complied 
with  the  conditions  fixed  by  law? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  he  exercised  the  right  to  purchase  the  land 
up  to  date? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  do  you  know,  if  anything,  about  Mr. 
Dillingham,  more  than  he  is  a  sugar  man  in  Honolulu  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  barely  met  Mr.  Dillingham  years  ago.  T  think 
I  met  him  in  1900  in  passing  through  Honolulu.  I  have  really  no 
personal  acquaintance  with  him  at  all. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  you  make  any  inquiry  of  Mr.  Thayer  re- 
specing  the  purpose  for  which  he  desired  to  lease  and  purchase  a  por- 
tion of  that  estate  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  never  talked  with  Mr.  Thayer  about  the  trans- 
action at  all.  He  was  introduced  to  me  as  a  man  who  was  looking 
for  sugar  land,  but  he  was  never  in  my  office,  even,  so  far  as  I  can 
recollect. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  long  had  he  lived  in  Manila  before  he  ap- 
plied for  this  lease  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  understand  that  he  began  to  look  over  the  friar 
lands  shortly  after  he  arrived,  and  applied  for  a  lease  as  soon  as  he 
had  satisfied  himself  that  there  was  something  there  which  he  wished 
to  obtain. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  he  engaged  in  any  business  in  Manila? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir ;  I  think  not. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  state  of  his  business  aifairs  now,  if 
you  know? 

Mr.  Worcester.  If  I  may  be  permitted  to  introduce  a  little  hearsay 
matter  here,  for  the  sake  of  giving  a  clear  record,  T  will  make  this 
statement:  On  our  recent  trip  from  Manila  Mr.  Carpenter  talked 
in  Honolulu  with  Mr.  Walter  Dillingham,  who  stated  that  Mr. 
Thayer  had  never  been  authorized  by  him  to  do  what  he  had  done; 
that  Mr.  Thayer  had  been  authorized  only  to  investigate  and  report 
as  to  sugar  lands  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  I  understand  that  Mr. 
Thayer  himself  represented  that  he  had  been  authorized  by  Mr.  Dil- 
lingham to  purchase  lands,  and  that  he  showed  letters  purporting  to 
be  from  Mr.  Dillingham,  containing  such  authorization.  Mr.  Dil- 
lingham stated  to  Mr.  Carpenter  that  these  letters,  or  some  of  them, 
were  forgeries,  and  that  even  the  letterheads  on  which  they  w^ere 
written  had  been  prepared  in  Manila  and  were  not  his  letterheads 
at  all.  At  all  events,  Mr,  Thayer  proceeded  to  lease  these  lands  and 
to  incur  various  expenses  in  connection  with  them.  He  seems  to 
have  obtained  his  money  for  those  expenses  from  unsuspecting  citi- 
zens of  Manila  itself.     He  disappeared  from  view,  leaving  a  large 


558  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

number  of  mourning  creditors,  who  took  legal  steps  to  secure  any 
rights  which  he  might  have  in  these  estates,  with  a  view  primarily  to 
reimbursing  themselves  for  their  losses. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  he  do  any  work  on  the  leasehold? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know.  The  newspapers  stated  that  he 
had  begun  work,  but  I  am  not  of  such  a  confiding  nature  as  Mr. 
Martin  is,  and  I  do  not  always  take  newspaper  statements  at  their 
face  value. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Where  is  the  Tala  estate  located;  in  what 
Province  ? 

Mr.  WoRCESi^R.  The  Tala  estate  is  located  in  the  Province  of  Rizal. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  that  contains  an  area  of  about  17,000  acres? 

The  Chairman.  Sixteen  thousand  seven  hundred  and  forty  acres. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Sixteen  thousand  seven  hundred  and  forty  acres; 
that  is  correct. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  what  the  cost  price  of  that  was 
to  the  Government? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  it  cost  $112,054.33. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  That  is  something  over  $6  an  acre. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  $0.69  an  acre. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Special  lease  was  made  with  the  right  to  pur- 
chase of  the  unoccupied  portion  of  the  estate  to  Frank  W.  Carpenter? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  official  position  did  Mr.  Carpenter  hold 
at  the  time  he  applied  for  the  lease? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  he  was  still  assistant  executive  secretary 
at  the  time  he  applied  for  it;  he  has  since  been  made  executive 
secretary. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  are  the  duties  of  the  executive  secretary, 
in  a  general  way  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  most  important  duties  of  the  executive  secre- 
tary are  in  connection  with  the  affairs  of  government  of  Provinces 
and  municipalities.  His  office  also  transmits  or  jfiles,  as  the  case  may 
be,  the  correspondence  of  the  Government;  it  keeps  the  Government 
archives. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  corresponds  in  a  way  to  the  functions  of  the 
Secretary  of  State  in  the  States  here,  the  custodian  of  public  docu- 
ments and  records? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  but  really  the  most  important  work  of 
the  executive  secretary  is  to  keep  the  provincial  and  municipal  gov- 
ernments running  smoothly. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  degree  of  control  does  he  have — discre- 
tionary power — over  municipal  officers  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  very  limited  degree  of  control. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What,  if  any,  discretionary  authority  has  he  in 
connection  with  the  general  government  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Oh,  he  has  none,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  he  anything  to  do  at  all  with  the  adminis- 
tration of  public  lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Absolutely  nothing  to  do  with  the  administration 
of  any  lands. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  relation  does  his  office  bear  to  that  of 
secretary  of  the  interior  down  there  ? 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  559 

Mr.  Worcester.  None  whatever,  sir;  he  is  not  under  my  control 
in  any  way  and  he  has  nothing  to  do  with  the  affairs  of  my  depart- 
ment. I  transmit  my  letters  through  his  office  when  I  send  them  out, 
in  order  that  he  may  file  the  retained  copies,  and  much  of  the  corre- 
spondence that  comes  to  my  office  comes  through  his  office  for  the 
same  reason ;  but  it  simply  passes  through,  with  a  view  to  making  it 
possible  for  us  to  keep  complete  records. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  His  relations  to  your  office  are  purely  ministerial, 
then? 

Mr.  WoRCESTEK.  Absolutely  so.  He  is  under  the  executive  control 
of  the  governor  general,  and  he  has  no  control  whatever  over  my  office. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Does  all  the  correspondence  of  your  office  go 
through  the  office  of  the  executive  secretary  ? 

Mr.  WoRCESTEK.  I  send  out  all  my  letters  through  that  office  so  that 
the  retained  copies  may  be  filed,  except  in  case  of  urgent  necessity, 
when  I  send  letters  direct  and  transmit  copies  to  the  executive  secre- 
tary's office  for  filing. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  All  communications  by  mail  to  your  office  first 
go  through  his  office  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Communications  from  the  outside  would  come  to 
my  office  direct,  but  communications  from  the  secretaries  of  other 
departments — in  other  words,  government  correspondence — would 
come  to  my  office  through  the  executive  secretary's  office,  in  the  normal 
course  of  events. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  You  know  about  the  facts  of  his  applying  to  the 
proper  authorities  down  there  to  apply  for  this  lease  to  engage  in 
business  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Carpenter  discussed  the  matter  with  me  before 
he  took  it  up,  and  asked  me  whether  I  saw  any  possible  objection  to 
his  engaging  in  that  enterprise.  I  told  him  that  I  did  not  see  any 
objection  to  it.     Indeed,  I  encouraged  him  to  go  into  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Did  he  procure  formal  authority  to  engage  in 
any  business  outside  of  his  official  work  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  procured  authority  from  the  governor  general 
to  engage  in  this  enterprise. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  (Jn  condition  that  it  did  not  interfere  with  his 
official  duties? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  condition  is  always  introduced  or  under- 
stood. As  a  matter  of  fact,  it  has  never  interfered  with  his  official 
duties. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  lease  that  was  issued  to  him  was  a  special 
leafse  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  what  is  termed  a  progressive  lease? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  It  contains  a  number  of  conditions? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  does. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Upon  whose  suggestion  was  it  put  in  the  form 
of  a  progressive  lease? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  director  of  lands  discussed  with  Mr.  Car- 
penter the  arrangement  which  was  ultimately  effected,  and  Mr.  Car- 
penter also  discussed  with  me  those  special  conditions.  He  is  a  man 
who  is  always  very  careful  about  the  possible  interpretation  that 
might  be  put  upon  his  actions  and  he  took  up  with  me  personally 


560  ADMINISTKAriON   OF  PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

the  question  of  the  propriety  of  the  special  conditions  which  were 
inchided  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  lease  included  all  the  unoccupied  lands  on 
the  Tala  estate,  but  as  I  recollect  it  it  provided  that  he  should  execute 
a  lease  for  a  certain  number  of  hectares  the  first  year,  an  additional 
number  the  second,  and  an  additional  number  the  third,  and  so  on. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  At  whose  suggestion  was  that  graduated  pro- 
vision put  in?  Was  that  Mr.  Carpenter's  desire  or  was  that  put  in 
by  your  department? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  was  our  desire,  sir.  We  wanted  to  get  the 
land  leased.  Mr.  Carpenter's  original  idea  was  to  take  up  a  small 
tract.  He  became  somewhat  interested  in  a  circular  of  the  bureau  of 
agriculture  relative  to  the  profits  to  be  derived  from  the  raising  of 
kapok  and  planned  to  put  in  kapok  out  there. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Please  state,  now,  if  the  tracts  that  he  was  nego- 
tiating for  under  this  progressive  arrangement  were  the  subject  of 
any  conversation  between  you. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Between  us? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Yes;  between  your  department  and  Mr.  Car- 
penter. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  not,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  May  I  interrupt  a  second? 

(Informal  procedure  followed,  and  at  4.30  p.  m.  the  committee 
went  into  executive  session,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  it  adjourned.) 


House  of  Representatives, 

CoMMi  riEE  OF  Insular  Affatrs, 

Wednesday^  December  21  ^  1910. 
The  committee  met  this  day  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.,  Hon.  Marlin  E. 
Olmsted,  chairman,  presiding."^ 

The  following  members  of  the  committee  were  present:  Messrs. 
Olmsted  (chairman),  Crumpacker,  Hamilton,  Pausons,  iladison, 
Douglas,  Jones,  Helm,  and  Eucker. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Worcester,  we  are  ready  when  you  are. 

STATEMEITT  OF  DEAN  C.  WORCESTER— Eesiimed. 

Mr.  Worcester.  All  right,  sir;  I  can  now  furnish  to  the  committee 
some  of  the  information  requested  yesterday,  which  I  could  not  then 
have  given  without  taking  the  time  of  the  committee  to  go  into  official 
reports. 

Eelative  to  the  importation  of  refined  sugar  to  the  Philippine 
Islands,  I  find  that  the  total  imports  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June 
30,  1910,  were  5,997,289  pounds,  worth  $185,648. 

The  question  was  asked  as  to  the  general  use  of  refined  sugar  among 
the  natives.  It  will  be  noticed  that  this  total  is  almost  6,000,000 
pounds,  and  as  there  are  at  the  present  time  approximately  8,000,000 
inhabitants  in  the  Philippines,  it  follows  that  the  importation  was 
slightly  less  than  1  pound  to  the  inhabitant.  This  sugar  pavs  an 
import  tax  of  $3  for  100  kilos;  100  kilos  are  220  pounds.  I  will'hand 
to  the  stenographer  a  table  which  shows  the  countries  from  which  the 
refined  sugar  comes ;  76,473  pounds  of  it  came  from  the  United  States ; 
5,586,144  pounds  of  it  came  from  Hong  Kong;  298,736  pounds  of  it 
came  from  the  Dutch  East  Indies.  Those  are  the  principal 
importations. 

(Following  is  the  table  referred  to:) 


Twelve  months  end- 
ing June,  1910. 

Quantities. 

Values. 

Sugar,  refined- 
United  States  

Tf),  47?, 

750 

29, 070 

$4,063 
81 

805 

United  Kingdom 

Germany 

Spain 

Netherlands 

China 

5.075 

5,5811,144 

1:52 

309 

298, 786 

146 

170, 786 

5 

Hongkong 

Japan  

British  East  Indies 

12 

Dutch  East  Indies 

9  740 

Total 

5, 997, 289 

185  648 

As  to  the  exports  of  sugar,  the  only  sugar  which  we  exported  is 
classed  as  sugar  raw  or  brown.  The  exports  for  the  year  ending 
June  30,  1910,  were  207,575,559  pounds,  or  103,233  and  a  fraction 
tons. 

The  Chairman.  That  is  raw  sugar? 

561 


562 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 


Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  raw  sugar,  sir.  I  beg  your  pardon ;  the 
figures  I  just  gave  were  those  of  the  exports  to  the  United  States 
alone.  The  total  exports  were  281,564,991  pounds.  I  will  hand  to  the 
stenographer  a  table  which  will  give  the  exports  by  countries,  so  that 
the  committee  can  see  to  just  what  points  this  raw  sugar  goes. 


Twelve  months  end- 
ing June,  1910. 

Quantities. 

Values. 

Sugar,  raw  or  brown: 

United  States 

Pounds. 

207, 575, 559 

27,  987, 014 

40,252,367 

5, 725, 534 

24, 517 

$5, 495, 797 

China 

645, 113 

Hongkong ...                        

791,120 
108, 043 

Japan 

British  East  Indies    .        .           

617 

Total 

281,564,991 

7,040,690 

Mr.  RucKER.  Just  mention  the  points. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  The  United  States  leads  with  207,- 
575,559  pounds.  To  China  there  were  sent  27,987,014  pounds;  to 
Hongkong,  40,252,367  pounds;  to  Japan,  5,725,534  pounds;  to  the 
British  East  Indies,  24,517  pounds.  Those  are  all  of  the  countries 
to  which  our  sugar  was  exported. 

Replying  to  the  question  as  to  what  was  the  date  of  the  opinion 
of  the  law  officer  of  the  bureau  of  lands  relative  to  the  rights  of  the 
insular  government  to  sell  friar  lands  in  tracts  in  excess  of  1,024 
hectares  to  a  corporation  or  in  excess  of  16  hectares  to  an  individual, 
I  find  that  this  opinion  was  requested  by  the  director  of  lands  on  the 
12th  of  October,  1909,  as  a  result  of  his  interview  with  Messrs.  Poole 
and  Prentiss.  It  can  not  be  stated  exactly  when  this  opinion  was 
rendered,  as  it  is  without  date,  but  it  was  rendered  within  a  very  few 
days  of  the  time  when  it  was  requested. 

As  to  the  query  whether  that  opinion  antedated  the  amendatory 
act  referred  to,  which  I  understand  to  be  the  act  amendatory  of 
the  original  friar-lands  act  and  passed  on  June  3,  1908,  the  reply, 
of  course,  is  no,  as  it  was  asked  for  on  the  12th  of  October,  1909. 

The  area  of  the  province  of  Isabela  is  5,018  square  miles.  Its  popu- 
lation was  at  the  time  of  the  last  census  76,431,  or  15  to  the  square 
mile. 

Referring  now  to  the  population  of  the  towns  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  Isabela  estate,  I  find  that  Nagilian  had  at  the  time  of  the  last 
census  a  population  of  3,502;  that  Gamu  had  a  population  of 
3,581 ;  that  the  capital  of  the  province,  Ilagan,  had  a  population  of 
16,008.  It  must,  of  course,  be  remembered  that  in  each  case  this  is 
really  the  population  of  what  we  call  a  county  here,  not  of  a 
town  proper.  The  whole  province  of  Isabela,  practically,  with  the 
exclusion  of  the  territory  inhabited  by  the  wild  people,  is  included 
within  the  towns.  You  can  find  a  virgin  forest  within  the  limits  of 
a  municipality. 

Referring  now  to  the  query  as  to  the  number  of  occupants  on  the 
friar  lands  at  the  time  of  the  treaty  of  Paris,  we  have  no  way  of 
determining  what  that  number  of  occupants  was.  Mr.  Martin  has 
stated  that  there  were  60,000  tenant  families  on  these  lands  at  the 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PPIILIPPINE  LANDS.  563 

time  of  the  purchase.  He  has  obviously  derived  that  information 
from  testimony  given  in  connection  with  the  proposed  purchase  of 
the  friar  lands,  and  at  another  place  in  his  speech  he  has  made  it 
apparently  clear  that  he  considers  that  to  be  really  only  a  part  of  the 
persons  on  the  estates.  He  estimates  roughly  that  those  G0,000  tenant 
families  represented  300.000  individuals. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  what  estate,  the  Isabela? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  friar  lands  as  a  w^hole,  sir.  Apparently  his 
figures  do  not  apply  to  the  estates  which  we  bought,  because  he 
refers  to  them  as  applying  to  a  part  of  the  estates  only.  We  find  noth- 
ing in  the  old  records  relative  to  those  estates  which  can  form  a 
satisfactory  basis  for  an  estimate,  even  an  approximate  estimate,  of 
the  number  of  people  actually  there  in  times  of  peace  before  the 
insurrection  against  Spain  occurred.  That,  of  course,  like  the  in- 
surrection against  the  United  States,  tended  to  drive  the  people  into 
the  towns,  away  from  the  outlying  lands,  and  it  would  have  changed 
normal  figures.  The  only  information  which  we  can  give  as  to  the 
actual  persons  on  the  estates  is  that  at  the  time  of  the  census  of  1903 
the  total  number  of  individuals  was  approximately  103,333.  Of 
course  it  is  not  true  that  60,000  leases  represented  60,000  lessees,  any 
more  than  it  is  true  at  the  present  time  that  the  total  of  leases  and 
sales  represents  the  number  of  individual  lessees  or  purchasers.  In 
some  cases  an  individual  has  quite  a  number  of  parcels,  and  it  would 
be  a  long  and  tedious  procedure  to  attempt  to  ascertain  just  how 
many  individuals  there  are  on  the  estates  at  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Douglas.  From  whence  do  you  arrive  at  the  estimate  of 
163,000? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  estimate  of  163,333,  which  is  my  estimate 
of  the  total  population  of  those  estates  in  1903,  is  taken  from  the 
census  returns.  We  take  the  barrios  on  the  estates  and  find  the  popu- 
lation of  each  barrio.  That  total  is  probably  an  exaggeration,  be- 
cause in  some  cases  all  the  people  of  a  barrio,  only  a  part  of  which 
lies  on  the  estate,  would  be  included.  The  barrios  have  no  fixed  limit 
which  shows  on  any  map,  but  that  would  be  a  liberal  estimate  of  the 
total  number  of  people  on  the  estates  at  that  time. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Will  you  indicate  as  near  as  you  can  in  their  order, 
Mr.  Secretary,  the  most  populous  of  those  estates? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Of  the  friar  estates? 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes.    I  will  put  that  as  a  question. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  tell  you,  sir.  Perhaps  Capt.  Sleeper 
would  be  able  to  tell  you.  My  personal  knowledge  of  these  estates  is 
more  confined  to  the  remote  ones  Avhich  I  have  occasion  to  visit  be- 
cause of  the  obligation  I  am  under  to  inspect  the  territory  of  the  wild 
people,  and  Capt.  Sleeper  has  immediate  charge  of  the  administration 
of  the  thickly  populated  estates.  I  think  it  will  be  easy,  however,  for 
me  to  supply  that  information.    I  will  try  to  secure  it  for  you. 

On  the  Isabela  estate  at  the  time  the  lease  was  made  to  Mr.  Bruce 
there  were  39  purchasers  who  had  originally  been  occupants.     All 
occupants  had  purchased  their  holdings,  and  the  total  area  occupied 
by  them  was  147.01. 
'Mr.  Douglas.  One  hundred  and  forty-seven  acres  altogether? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  That  estate  was  practically  unoccupied. 
With  nearly  50,000  acres  on  the  estate,  only  147  acres  were  occupied. 


664  ADMINISTRATIOISr   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

As  to  the  request  for  information  relative  to  the  public  lands  sold, 
leased,  or  homesteaded  in  the  Province  of  Isabela,  the  sales  have  been 
two,  the  total  acreage  being  440  acres.  The  homesteads  granted  have 
numbered  155,  with  a  total  of  3,701.62  acres.  No  public  land  has 
been  leased.  The  total  transactions  in  public  lands  in  that  province 
therefore,  up  to  the  present  time,  have  amounted  to  4,141.67  acres. 

There  were  some  other  questions 

Mr.  Douglas.  That  includes  all  the  public  lands  in  the  province? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  includes  every  transaction  in  the  province 
since  the  American  occupation,  sir. 

Eeferring  to  the  question  as  to  wdiether  Mr.  Thayer  made  applica- 
tion for  any  more  land  than  was  covered  by  his  leases,  I  will  say  no, 
he  did  not. 

The  population  of  Cebu  was  requested  yesterday.  At  the  time  of 
the  last  census  it  was  653,727,  or  337  to  the  square  mile.  The  only 
province  in  the  island  with  a  more  dense  population  being  South 
Ilocos,  which  has  a  population  of  398  to  the  square  mile. 

I  think  that  is  all  at  present,  gentlemen. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  We  were  considering  the  Tala  estate,  I  believe, 
when  the  committee  adjourned  yesterday? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  was  the  situation  about  the  unoccupied 
portions  of  the  Tala  estate  prior  to  the  lease  to  Mr.  Carpenter  respect- 
ing police  protection? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  had  always  been  necessary,  sir,  to  give  particu- 
lar attention  to  that  region.  It  had  been  a  rather  notorious  resort  of 
lawless  characters,  and  there  was  a  sort  of  runaway  for  evildoers 
who  were  leaving  Manila  and  its  vicinity  and  taking  refuge  in  the 
provinces — a  runw^ay  which  passed  through  that  region. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  As  to  the  execution  of  the  Carpenter  lease,  I 
understand  there  were  a  large  number  of  applications  on  the  part  of 
natives  for  leaseholds  on  that  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  The  fact  of  the  execution  of  Mr.  Car- 
penter's lease  was  very  generally  known  to  the  Filipinos,  and  as  a 
direct  result  of  that  there  were  a  considerable  number  of  applications 
from  Filipinos  who  had  not  previously  been  occupants  of  that  estate 
or  of  lands  on  it. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  those  applications  were  granted. 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  were  granted  in  every  case,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  the  fact  as  to  Mr.  Carpenter  w^aiving 
his  rights  under  the  lease  in  favor  of  a  native  applicant  for  a  lease- 
hold? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Carpenter  has  waived  his  rights  in  favor  of 
all  native  applicants  who  have  desired  to  obtain  land  which  he,  under 
his  contract,  controlled,  and  has  caused  it  to  be  publicly  known  that 
he  will  continue  to  do  so. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Do  you  know  how  many  acres  he  has  surren- 
dered to  native  applicants  that  he  might  have  held  under  the  terms 
of  his  contract? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  fact  has  been  stated  by  Mr.  Carpenter  and 
incorporated  in  the  record,  sir.  His  figures  are  taken  from  the 
bureau  of  lands  records.     I  can  supply  them  again  if  it  is  desired. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  565 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  do  not  remember  having  seen  or  read  in  Mr. 
Carpenter's  testimony  whether  he  had  exercised  his  option  to  pur- 
chase yi}t  or  not.     What  is  the  fact  about  that? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  has  not  exercised  his  option  to  purchase,  sir, 
excepting  in  connection  with  a  few  very  small  and  unimportant 
tracts. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether,  in  your  opinion,  when  Mr.  Car- 
penter negotiated  the  lease  for  the  unoccupied  portion  of  the  Tala 
estate,  the  condition  that  police  protection  be  given  hhn  by  the  Gov- 
ernment had  any  elFect  upon  stimulating  natives  to  j)i*ompt  them  to 
apply  for  leaseholds  in  that  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  fact  that  Mr.  Carpenter  w^ent  there  made 
them  feel  safe.  The  mere  presence  of  an  American  on  the  ground 
gave  them  a  feeling  of  safet}^  which  they  would  not  previously  have 
had.  I  do  not  understand  that  as  a  result  of  this  condition  in  Mr. 
Carpenter's  lease  there  was  any  change  made  in  the  policing  of  that 
part  of  the  country.  Mr.  Carpenter  wished  to  provide  against  any 
change;  that  is,  he  wished  to  avoid  in  the  future  any  relaxation  in 
the  precautions  which  had  been  taken  to  make  that  region  safe;  but 
unquestionably  his  going  there  stimulated  others  to  go,  because  they 
thought  if  an  American  could  do  it,  they  could. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  disposition  of  Filipinos  to  live  in  groups  in 
villages  is  prompted  largel}^  by  the  feeling  of  safety? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Unquestionably,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  So  that  if  there  was  adequate  police  protection 
throughout  the  Archipelago  there  would  probably  be  more  of  a  dis- 
position on  the  part  of  the  natives  to  take  up  homesteads  and  locate 
on  farms? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  undoubtedly  true.  I  have  repeatedly  seen 
a  practical  demonstration  of  that  fact.  As  conditions  relative  to 
public  order  have  improved  in  the  wildest  provinces,  w^hich  come 
under  my  immediate  executive  control,  the  people  begin  to  scatter 
out,  away  from  their  villages,  when  they  feel  that  they  can  do  so 
safely. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  the  fact  that  an  American  should  buy  or 
lease  an  estate  is  regarded  as  an  assurance  of  the  enforcement  of  law? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  bandits  in  that  neighborhood  are  reluctant 
about  making  raids  on  the  property,  I  presume,  of  an  American? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes.  They  are  rather  a  cowardly  set,  ordinarily, 
and  they  make  their  raids  upon  people  who  are  pretty  defenseless  and 
who  hardly  know  how  to  go  about  protecting  their  rights.  I  find,  on 
reference  to  documents,  that  on  the  1st  of  July  of  the  present  year 
Mr.  Carpenter  had  given  up  to  others  8,958  acres  of  land  wiiich  he 
was  entitled  to  lease.  There  have  been  subsequent  tracts  of  land  since 
given  up,  but  I  have  not  the  figures  for  those.  I  think,  howevf^r,  they 
were  furnished  to  the  committee. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Mr.  Carpenter  has  given  up,  according  to  his 
own  statement,  since  then  nearly  a  thousand  acres,  and  he  has  now  a 
tract  of  over  4,000  acres  ?^ 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  in  other  words,  he  has  given  up  more 
than  twice  as  much  as  he  now  holds. 


566  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Has  there  been  any  discrimination  against  na- 
tive occupants,  lessees,  and  tenants  in  that  estate  relating  to  the 
rental  of  property? 

Mr.  Worcester.  There  has  been  no  discrimination.  Would-be 
lessees,  by  which  I  mean  Filipinos  who  desired  to  lease,  were  offered 
the  same  terms  that  Mr.  Carpenter  has,  and  they  did  not  care  to  take 
them  on  account  of  the  obligation  to  cultivate  the  land. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  long  was  the  application  or  the  negotia- 
tion by  Mr.  Carpenter  for  this  property  pending,  if  you  know? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  state  exactly,  sir ;  but  it  was  pending 
for  some  considerable  time.  The  negotiations  began  with  a  joking 
conversation  between  the  director  of  lands  and  Mr.  Carpenter  rela- 
tive to  the  practicability  of  Americans  carrying  on  profitable  farm- 
ing operations  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  Mr.  Carpenter,  with  his 
intimate  acquaintance  with  the  people  and  his  intimate  knowledge 
of  the  conditions,  entertained,  I  am  informed,  views  somewhat  op- 
posed to  those  of  Capt.  Sleeper.  Mr.  Carpenter  had  originally 
planned  to  take  up  a  small  tract  of  land  and  had  considered  the  Tala 
estate  in  that  connection,  but  there  had  just  appeared  a  bulletin  of 
the  Department  of  Agriculture,  which  is  very  brief,  and  I  should 
like  to  have  it  inserted  in  the  record,  showing  apparently  very  large 
profits  from  small  expenditures  in  connection  with  the  raising  of 
kapok,  a  species  of  tree  cotton,  which  does  not  afford  a  textile  fiber, 
but  affords  a  fiber  valuable  for  upholstery  and  purposes  of  that  sort. 

The  Chairman.  Without  objection,  the  paper  may  be  inserted  in 
the  record. 

(Following  is  the  paper  referred  to:) 

Department  of  the  Interior. — Bureau  of  Agriculture. 

KAPOK. 

1.  What  is  kapok? 

Answer.  Kapok  is  a  soft,  silky  fiber  that  resembles  cotton.  It  is  principally 
used  as  a  filling  material  for  pillows,  cushions,  and  mattresses.  This  fiber  is 
obtained  from  tl\e  kapok  tree,  which  grows  in  nearly  all  parts  of  tlie  Philip- 
pine Islands  and  is  largely  cultivated  in  Java. 

2.  What  are  some  of  the  local  names  for  kapok? 

Answer.  English,  kapok,  tree  cotton ;  Spanish,  algodon  arbor eo ;  Tagalog, 
biilac,  bfibuy;  Visayan,  doldol ;  Ilocano,  capas,  capasanglay. 

3.  How  can  a  kapok  industry  be  established  in  the  Philippine  Islands? 
Answer.  First.  There   are  thousands   of  kapok   trees  in   the  islands  at  the 

present  time.  A  large  part  of  the  fiber  which  these  trees  produce  now  goes  to 
waste.  All  of  this  fiber  should  be  gathered  and  sold.  Provincial  and  munici- 
pal oflicJals  should  call  the  attention  of  the  farmers  to  the  value  of  kapok. 

Second.  More  kapok  trees  should  be  planted.  This  tree  is  particularly  val- 
uable in  the  Philippine  Islands  for  the  small  farmer.  On  a  great  number  of 
Philippine  farms  from  10  to  100  kapok  trees  could  be  grown  without  using  any 
land  that  could  be  planted  to  rice,  abac^,  or  other  crops.  This  tree  can  be 
planted  along  roadsides,  in  dooryards,  and  on  waste  land.  It  grows  rapidly, 
requires  but  little  cultivation,  and  flourishes  on  dry,  rocky  soils.  The  fiber 
can  be  gathered  and  cleaned  by  women  and  children.  There  is  an  increasing 
demand  at  good  prices  for  all  kapoli  that  can  be  produced. 

4.  In  what  provinces  can  the  kapok  tree  be  grown? 

Answer.  The  Icapolv  tree  can  be  profitably  grown  in  every  province  in  the 
Philippine  Islands. 

5.  Plow  is  the  kapok  tree  propagated  ? 

Answer.  The  kapok  tree  is  propagated  either  from  seed  or  from  cuttings 
taken  from  a  mature  tree. 


ADMINISTKATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  567 

6.  Where  can  seed  and  cuttings  be  obtained? 

Answer.  Seed  or  cuttings  can  be  obtained  in  any  locality  where  there  are 
Iiapolv  trees.  When  they  can  not  be  obtained  locally,  either  seed  or  young 
plants  will  be  furnished  by  the  bureau  of  agriculture  in  Manila. 

7.  When  should  kapok  trees  be  planted? 

Answer.  Kapok  trees  should  be  planted  early  in  the  rainy  season. 

8.  On  what  kind  of  land  should  kapok  trees  be  planted? 

i^nswer.  Kapok  trees  can  be  planted  on  any  land  that  is  fairly  well  drained. 
They  can  be  planted  along  roadsides,  in  dooryards,  and  in  many  other  i)laces 
where  the  land  can  not  profitably  be  used  for  other  crops. 

9.  How  should  kapok  trees  be  planted? 

Answer.  Kapok  trees  should  be  planted  in  rows  about  20  feet  apart  each 
way. 

10.  What  cultivation  do  kapok  trees  require? 

Answer.  The  only  cultivation  that  kapok  trees  require  is  the  clearing  away  of 
such  brush  and  undergrowth  as  might  prevent  the  satisfactory  development 
of  the  young  trees. 

11.  How  long  after  planting  can  the  first  kapok  be  harvested? 

Answer.  Kapok  trees  grown  from  seed  begin  to  bear  pods  in  two  years,  and 
in  three  years  should  yield  a  fair  crop.  When  grown  from  very  large  cuttings, 
the  young  tree  will  produce  a  few  pods  the  first  year.  Small,  whiplike  cut- 
tings require  about  the  same  time  to  mature  as  do  plants  grown  from  seed. 

12.  When  should  kapok  be  harvested? 

Answer.  Kapok  is  harvested  early  in  the  dry  season,  at  such  time  as  the 
pods  are  fully  ripe,  and  when  the  seeds  can  easily  be  separated  from  the  lint. 

13.  How  is  kapok  cleaned? 

Answer.  If  kapok  is  harvested  at  the  proper  time,  it  can  be  quickly  and 
easily  cleaned  by  hand.  The  seeds  and  the  pithy  core  should  be  separated 
from  the  lint,  and  the  latter  exposed  to  the  sun  for  a  short  time. 

14.  What  is  the  yield  of  fiber  and  of  seed? 

Answer.  One  average  mature  kapok  tree  should  yield  200  pods  per  year. 
These  200  pods  will  yield  about  2i  pounds  of  lint  and  4  pounds  of  seed.  With 
trees  planted  20  feet  apart,  or  108  trees  to  the  acre,  the  yield  per  acre  would  be 
270  pounds  of  fiber  and  432  pounds  of  seed. 

15.  What  is  the  value  of  the  fiber  and  of  the  seed? 

Answer.  Cleaned  kapok  of  tlie  best  quality  was  quoted  in  New  York  in 
March,  1907,  at  14^  cents  United  States  currency  per  pound,  or  approximately 
f=40  per  picul.  Samples  of  ordinary  Philippine  kapok,  not  thoroughly  cleaned, 
were  quoted  at  the  same  time  at  12|  cents  United  States  currency  per  pound, 
or  ^34.25  per  picul.  In  October,  1907,  the  price  paid  in  Manila  for  uncleaned, 
or  partly  cleaned,  kapok  was  1*^8.50  per  picul.  Kapok  seed  is  worth  from  ^2 
to  M.50  per  picul  in  Manila. 

16.  What  returns  may  be  expected  per  acre? 

Answer.  A  conservative  estimate  of  the  value  of  the  lint  and  seed  produced 
by  1  kapok  tree  per  year  is  M).50.  With  approximately  100  trees  per  acre,  the 
returns  per  acre  would  be  f^r>0,  or  tF125  per  hectare. 

17.  What  are  the  prospects  for  kapok  in  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Answer.  The  production  of  kapok  is  an  industry  that  might  be  widely  ex- 
tended throughout  the  Philippine  Islands.  This  crop  is  one  that  can  profit- 
ably be  grown  on  a  large  plantation  or  on  the  smallest  farm.  The  planting  of 
kapok  trees  requires  but  little  capital,  a  small  amount  of  labor,  and  no  cara- 
baos.  The  trees  require  practically  no  care,  and  flourish  on  the  poorest  soils. 
Kapok  is  a  product  the  demand  for  which  is  constantly  growing,  and  the  prices 
paid  for  this  fil)er  are  higher  at  the  present  time  than  ever  before. 

Two  things  are  essential  in  order  that  the  kapok  industry  in  the  Philippine 
Islands  be  placed  on  a  satisfactory  basis:  First,  all  of  the  kapok  now  produced 
in  the  islands,  instead  of  being  allowed  to  go  to  waste,  should  be  gathered, 
carefully  cleaned,  and  placed  on  the  market,  so  that  a  demand  may  be  estab- 
lished for  Philipinne  kapok;  second,  the  planting  of  kapok  trees  should  be  en- 
couraged throughout  the  provinces. 

H.  T.  Edwards,  Fiber  Expert. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  planting  of  this  tree  involves  relatively  small 
expense.  It  is  a  tree  that  grows  half  wild  in  the  Philippines,  and, 
once  established,  it  does  not  require  much  cultivation.    That  also 


568  ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

was  one  of  the  things  which  Mr.  Carpenter  tells  me  influenced  him 
in  taking  up  this  land;  and  in  fact  he  has  planted  kapok  in  quite 
large  quantities. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  the  proposition  to  lease  this  estate  to  him 
widely  discussed  ? 

Mr.  AVoRCESTER.  It  was  very  generally  discussed.  Mr.  Carpenter 
took  it  up  with  the  Governor  General  and  he  took  it  up  with  me. 
I  have  mentioned  his  discussion  of  it  with  the  director  of  lands,  but 
it  is  known  to  me  personally  from  statements  made  by  Filipinos  that 
he  also  discussed  it  quite  freely  with  Filipinos  of  varying  political 
opinions  to  see  if  anyone  could  see  any  objection  to  it;  and  from 
that  day  to  this  there  has  never  been,  to  my  knowledge,  the  slightest 
objection  made  on  the  part  of  anybody  in  the  Philippines,  either 
prior  to  or  subsequent  to  the  preferring  of  these  charges  by  Mr. 
Martin. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  Mr.  Carpenter  a  man  of  considerable 
means  wdien  he  negotiated  this  lease? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  could  not  say  whether  he  was  or  was  not.  He 
had  been  employed  by  the  Insular  Government  and  previously  by 
the  military  government,  holding  responsible  positions,  which  paid 
reasonable  salaries,  and  liis  method  of  living  was  always  economical. 
I  have  no  personal  knowledge  of  his  private  means. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  is  his  salary  now? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know,  sir;  but  I  will  ascertain. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  State  whether  or  not  Mr.  Carpenter  is  held  in 
high  esteem  by  the  people  generally  of  the  islands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  know  of  no  American  who  is  more  universally 
popular  with  the  Filipinos  than  Mr.  Carpenter. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  The  duties  of  his  ofHce  bring  him  in  contact 
with  people  in  almost  all  the  provinces,  do  they  not? 

Mr.  Worcester.  That  is  true,  and  it  has  long  been  true.  Pre- 
viously, when  he  w^as  serving  as  assistant  executive  secretary,  that 
portion  of  the  work  which  related  to  the  affairs  of  municipalities  and 
provinces  was  assigned  especially  to  him.  His  office  is  full  all  day 
of  Filipinos,  representing  practically  every  walk  in  life.  The  peo- 
ple from  the  highest  to  the  lowest  come  to  his  office.  He  has  been 
a  sort  of  guide,  counselor,  and  friend  for  Filipinos  who  were  in 
trouble,  and  they  all  feel  that  they  can  go  to  him. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Was  there  any  criticism  of  the  lease  to  Mr. 
Carpenter  by  any  of  the  newspapers  in  Manila  or  anywhere  else  in 
the  archipelago? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  had  never  heard  criticisms  of  that  lease  from  any 
source  until  I  read  the  account  of  Mr.  Martin's  speech,  or  of  his  ac- 
tivities on  the  floor.  Prior  to  the  time  that  his  final  speech  was  de- 
livered there  may  have  been  accounts  of  those  activities  sent  out. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Have  other  American  clerks  and  employees  in 
the  public  service  leased  or  purchased  any  friar  land  or  public  land? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Not  to  any  very  considerable  extent,  sir.  I  think 
that  Capt.  Sleeper  has  been  asked  to  prepare,  and  has  prepared,  a 
list  of  the  Americans  who  have  purchased  friar  lands 

Capt.  Sleeper.  Public  lands. 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  would  be  easy,  if  you  desire,  to  have  a  list  made 
up  showing  what  Americans  had  purchased  or  leased  friar  lands. 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  569 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Will  you  state  if  those  are  chiefly  in  the  public 
service  ? 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  mean  American  officials? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Yes ;  American  officials  in  the  public  service. 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  would  like  such  a  list,  sir  ? 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  would  like  to  know  if  there  was  a  considerable 
number  of  sales  or  leases  of  friar  lands  to  American  officials  and 
others  in  the  public  service. 

Mr.  Parsons.  So  far  as  the  leases  of  public  lands  are  concerned, 
those  are  covered  by  Capt.  Sleeper  on  page  460  of  the  hearings. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Are  the  American  contracts  segregated? 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  gives  the  office  held  by  each  person. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  ought  to  say  in  that  connection  that  investment 
in  lands  by  employees  of  the  Government  in  the  Philippines  has  been 
encouraged,  not  discouraged.  We  believe  that  it  tends  to  the  stabil- 
ity of  the  service  to  have  employees  obtain  reasonable  interests  there, 
and  this  policy  is  in  harmony  with  the  strong  effort  which  has  been 
made  to  interest  anyone  who  could  be  persuaded  to  take  up  some  of 
the  enormous  areas  of  rich  agricultural  lands  which  at  present  lie 
vacant  there  and  cultivate  them,  or  cause  them  to  be  cultivated. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Outside  of  the  Carpenter  lease,  state  if  those 
lands  that  were  purchased  by  clerks,  officers,  and  employees  in  the 
public  service  were  small  areas? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  am  not  aware  that  any  of  them  have  been  of 
such  an  extent  as  to  attract  the  attention  of  anyone. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  those  leases  were  made  by  clerks,  officers, 
and  employees  who  were  in  the  classified  service,  mainly? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Largely. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Now,  there  was  a  lease  of  public  lands,  some 
2,400  and  some  acres,  to  Mr.  E.  L.  Worcester? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  What  are  the  facts  in  connection  with  that 
lease  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  statement  was  originally  made  by  Mr.  Martin 
that  that  was  a  lease  for  a  3,000-acre  tract.  Inasmuch  as  the  largest 
amount  which  may  be  lawfully  leased  to  any  individual  is  1,024 
hectares,  or  approximately  2,500  acres — slightly  more — such  a  lease 
would  have  been  illegal.  In  point  of  fact  the  lease  w^as  for  2,443.46 
acres.  The  lease  was  an  ordinary  lease  for  public  lands,  made  out 
on  the  usual  blank  form.  It  carried  with  it  no  special  privilege  of 
any  sort  whatever,  and  did  not  differ  in  any  particular  from  any 
one  of  the  other  several  leases  for  public  lands  in  large  tracts  which 
have  been  made. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  E.  L.  Worcester  is  a  nephew  of  yours? 

Mr.  Worcester.  E.  L.  Worcester  is  my  nephew,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  He  is  an  American  citizen? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  is  an  American  citizen. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  now  lives  in  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  noAv  lives  in  the  Philippine  Islands.  When  it 
became  known  to  me  tliat  my  nephew  proposed  to  apply  for  the  privi- 
lege of  leasing  that  tract,  1  thought  it  would  be  better  if  I  did  not 
have  anything  whatever  to  do  with  the  transaction,  and  I  suggested 
to  the  director  of  lands  that  he  refer  the  matter  directly  to  the 
Governor  General  and  have  him  act  on  it,  so  that  I  might  not  need  to 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 40 


570  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

take  any  action  at  all.  The  papers  were  sent  to  my  office  during  my 
absence,  with  a  note  from  the  director  of  lands  to  my  private  secre- 
tary, in  which  he  raised  the  point  that,  under  the  law,  it  was  neces- 
sary for  me  to  act.  I  therefore  on  my  return  approved  the  lease, 
which  my  nephew  had  a  right  to  insist  that  I  do,  but  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  he  was  my  nephew  I  sent  the  papers  to  the  Governor  Gen- 
eral instead  of  returning  them,  as  I  should  in  any  ordinary  case  have 
done,  directly  to  the  director  of  lands,  and  I  placed  on  them  the  fol- 
lowing indorsement: 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  lessee  in  this  instance  is  a  nephew  of  the  secre- 
tary of  the  interior,  the  fact  of  the  issuance  of  this  lease  is  called  to  the  atten- 
tion of  the  Governor  General  so  that  no  claim  may  ever  be  made  that  due  pub- 
licity did  not  attach  to  it.  The  rental  charged  is  that  which  has  been  charged 
invariably  for  public  land  of  similar  character. 

This  is  not  the  only  precaution  which  was  taken  to  insure  publicity 
for  that  transaction.  An  advertisement  of  it  was  posted  on  the 
bulletin  board  of  the  bureau  of  lands,  and  I  offer  in  evidence  a  copy 
of  the  notice  and  the  certificate  of  the  director  of  lands  that  it  was 
posted  on  the  bulletin  board  of  the  bureau  of  lands  from  the  15th  of 
May,  1908,  until  the  2d  of  July,  1908,  both  dates  inclusive: 

Government  of   the   Philippine   Islands, 

Department  of  the  Interior, 

Bureau  of  Lands, 
Manila,  May  9,  1908. 

notice  of  application  to  lease  public  lands. 

The  undersigned  hereby  gives  notice  that  he  will,  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,. 
1908,  file  with  the  director  of  lands,  Manila,  P.  I.,  an  application  for  a  lease 
to  the  following-described  public  land : 

Starting  at  a  stake  twenty-five  meters  south  of  cart  road  from  Cabanatuan 
to  Cabucbucan,  at  the  point  known  as  "  Mataas  ng-  Cahoy,"  about  ten  miles 
from  Cabanatuan,  running  north  2,800  meters  to  stake;  thence  east  800  meters 
to  stake ;  thence  north  400  meters  to  stake  near  stream  Mudcong ;  thence  east 
800  meters  to  stake ;  thence  south  2,000  meters  to  stake ;  thence  west  400  meters 
to  stake ;  thence  south  800  meters  to  stake ;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake ; 
thence  south  5,600  meters  to  stake:  thence  southwest  1,610  meters  to  stake; 
thence  northwest  1,501  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  2,330  meters  to  stake; 
thence  east  400  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  2,870  meters  to  point  of  begin- 
ning. Situate  in  the  Barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Prov- 
ince of  Nueva  Ecija,  Island  of  Luzon,  Philippine  Islands.  Containing  an  area 
of  988  hectares  and  2  areas. 

E.  L.  Worcester, 
Cabanatuan,  Nueva  Ecija. 

(Post-office  address.) 

All  claims  to  the  above-described  land  must  be  filed  in  the  bureau  of  lands, 
Manila,  P.  I.,  by  twelve  o'clock  noon  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,  1908. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 


Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas, 

Departmento  del   Interior, 

Oficina  de  Teruenos, 
Manila,  9  de  Mayo  de  1908. 

aviso  de  soltcittjd  para  arrendar  terrenos  del  estado. 

Por  el  presente  hace  saber  el  Infrascrito,  que  el  dla  2  de  .Inlio  de  190S, 
presentara  al  Director  de  Terrenos  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  una  solicitud  pidiendo  el 
arrendamiento  del  terreno  agricola  del  estado,  descrito  ^  continuacion : 

Partiendo  de  una  estaca  que  se  halla  al  sur  25  metros  deja  carretera  de 
Cabanatuan  a  Cabucbucan  en  el  punto  denominado  **  Mataas  ng  Cahoy,"  unos 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  571 

diez  millas  de  Cabanatuan ;  desde  dicho  piinto  N.  2,800  metros  ^  nn  estaca ; 
de  alli  E.  800  metros  li  una  estaca ;  de  alli  N.  400  metros  a  una  estaca ;  cerca 
del  arroyo  denominado  Mndcong;  de  alli  E.  800  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  allf 
S.  2,000  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  S.  800 
metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  S.  5,000  metros 
6  una  estaca;  de  alli  SO.  1,610  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  NO.  1,501  metros  0. 
una  estaca ;  de  alli  N.  2,330  metros  Ti  una  estaca ;  de  alli  E.  400  metros  (i  una 
estaca;  de  alli  N.  2,870  metros  al  punto  de  partida  situado  en  el  B;irrio  de 
Cabucbucan,  municipio  de  Bongabon,  Provincla  de  Nueva  Ecija,  Isla  de  Luzon, 
Islas  Filipinas.  Comprende  una  extension  superficial  de  988  hectareas  y  2 
areas. 

E.  L.  Worcester, 

Gahanatuan,  NueAm  Ecija. 

(Diroccidn  Postal.) 

Todas  las  reel amaci ones  adversas  sobre  el  terreno  arriba  descrito  deben  ser 
presentadas  en  la  Oficina  de  Terrenos  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  antes  de  las  doce  del 
dia  2  de  Julio  de  1908. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  de  Terrenos, 


Department  or  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Manila,  July  21,  1908. 

I  hereby  certify  that  the  attached  notice  of  application  to  lease  public  lands 
made  by  E.  L.  Worcester  was  posted  on  the  bnlletin  board  of  the  bureau  of 
lands  from  May  15,  1908,  to  July  2,  1908,  both  dates  inclusive. 

C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 

A  notice  of  intention  to  apply  for  the  lease  was  also  posted  on  the 
land,  as  well  as  in  what  we  call  "  the  presidencia,"  which  is  in  effect 
the  municipal  building,  of  the  town  of  Bongabon,  in  Nueva  Ecija,  in 
which  this  land  was  at  that  time  supposed  to  lie. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  Province  is  that  in? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija,  sir.  That  Province 
is  right  here  [indicating  on  map].  I  submit  documents,  properly 
attested,  containing  a  copy  of  the  notice  and  showing  that  it  was  so 

published  : 

Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
Department  of  the  Interior — Bureau  of  Lands, 

Manila,  May  9,  1908. 

notice  of  application  to  lease  public  lands. 

The  undersigned  hereby  gives  notice  that  he  will  on  the  2nd  day  of  July, 
1908,  file  with^he  Director  of  Lands,  Manila,  P.  L,  an  application  for  a  lease 
to  the  following-described  public  land  :— 

Starting  at  a  stake  25  meters  south  of  cart  road  from  Cabanatuan  to  Cabuc- 
bucan at  the  point  known  as  "  Mataas  ng  Cahoy,"  about  ten  miles  from  Caba- 
natuan, running  north  2,800  meters  to  stake;  thence  east  800  meters  to  stake; 
thence  north  400  meters  to  stake  near  stream  Mudcong ;  thence  east  800  meters 
to  stake;  thence  south  2,000  meters  to  stake;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake; 
thence  south  800  meters  to  stake;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake;  thence 
south  5,600  meters  to  stake;  thence  southwest  1,610  meters  to  stake;  thence 
northwest  1,501  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  2,330  meters  to  stake;  thence 
east  400  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  2,870  meters  to  point  of  beginning. 
Situate  in  the  barrio  of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Province  of 
Nueva  Ecija,  island  of  Luzon,  Philippine  Islands,  contain4ng  an  area  of  988 

hectares  and  2  areas. 

B.  L.  Worcester, 

(Signature  of  applicant.) 

Cabanatuan,  Nueva  Ecija. 

(Post-office  address.) 

All  claims  to  the  above-described  land  must  be  filed  in  the  Bureau  of  Lands, 
Manila,  P.  I.,  by  twelve  o'clock  noon  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,  1908. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands, 


672  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

gobierno  de  las  islas  pllipinas, 
Departamento  del  Interior — Oficina  de  Terrenos, 

Manila,  9  de  Mayo  de  190S. 

aviso  de  SOLICITUD  PARA  ARRENDAR  TERRENOS  DEL  ESTADO. 

Por  el  presente  liace  saber  el  infrascrito,  que  el  dia  2  de  Julio  de  1908,  pre- 
seutara  al  Director  de  Terrenos  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  una  solicitud  pidiendo  el 
arrendamiento  del  terreno  agricola  del  Estado,  descrito  a  continuacion : — 

Partiendo  de  una  estaca  que  se  lialle  al  Sur  25  metres  de  la  carretera  de 
Cabanatuan  ^  Cabucbucan  en  el  pun  to  denominado  *'  Mataas  ng  Caboy,"  unos 
diez  millas  de  Cabanatuan;  desde  dicbo  punto  N.  2,800  metres  a  una  estaca; 
de  alli  E.  800  metres  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  N.  400  metros  a  una  estaca;  cerca 
del  arroyo  denominado  Mudcong;  de  alli  E.  800  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  all! 
S.  2,000  metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  S. 
800  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alli  S.  5,G00 
metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  SO.  1,610  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alli  NO.  1,501 
metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  N.  2,330  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  E.  400  metros 
a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  N.  2,870  metros  al  punto  de  partida,  situado  en  el  barrio 
de  Cabucbucan,  municipio  de  Bongabon,  Provincia  de  Nueva  Ecija,  Isla  de 
Luzon,  Islas  Filipinas.  Comprendo  una  extension  superficial  de  988  hectares 
y  2  areas. 

E.  L.  Worcestp:r, 
(Fiima  del  Solicitante.) 
Gahanatiian,  Nue-va  Fjclja. 
(Dircccion  Postal.) 

Todas  las  reclamaciones  adversas  sobre  el  terreno  arriba  descrito  deben  ser 
presentadas  en  la  Oficina  de  Terrenes  en  Manila,  L  F.,  antes  de  las  doce  del  dia 
2  de  Julio  de  1908. 


Director  de  Terrenos, 


declaracion  jurada. 
ISLAS  Filipinas, 

Provincia  de  Nueva  Ecija,  Municipio  de  Bongahon: 
Yo,  E.  O.  Worcester,  el  solicitnnte  del  arrendamiento  del  terreno  agricola  del 
Estado  descrito  en  mi  solicitud  de  arrendamiento  No.  45,  previo  juranicnto  en 
debida  forma,  depongo  y  digo:  Que  una  copia  del  anuncio  adherido  a  la  pre- 
sente fue  fijado  en  cada  uno  de  los  siguientes  lugares: 

1.  En  un  lugar  visible  del  terreno  descrito  en  dicho  anuncio. 

2.  En  la  puerta  principal  de  la  casa  municipal  del  Municipio  de  Bongabon. 

3.  En  el  tablero  de  anuncios  del  barrio  de  Cabucbucan  y  quedo  fijado  en 
dichos  lugares  durante  el  periodo  de  6  semanas  consecutivas,  en  las  fechas 
siguientes:  May  lOtli  to  Juiy  2nd,  1908,  inclusive. 

E.   C.   Worcester, 

Solicitante. 

Suscrito  y  jurado  ante  mi  en  el  municipio  de  Bongabon,  Provincia  de  Nueva 
Ecija,  Islas  Filipinas,  hoy  2nd  de  July  de  1908. 

[SEAL.]  Lorenzo  Kaiiukom, 

Funcionario  autorizado  para  rccihir  juramentos. 
NoTARio  Publico, 
Cuyo  Cargo  Oficial,  inspira  el  31,  de  Decicmbre,  1908. 

Cedula  personal  52501. 

Fecha  en  que  fue  expedida  July  2,  1908. 

Sitio  en  que  fu6  expedida  Bongabon,  Nueva  Ecija. 

Mr.  Parsons.  It  was  in  the  Province  of  Isabela? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  in  the  Province  of  Neiiva  Ecija.  The 
notice  of  the  intention  to  apply  for  this  land  was  published  for  six 
weeks,  once  a  week,  in  a  newspaper  called  the  Manila  Daily  Bulletin. 
This  paper  is  printed  in  English  and  is  a  usual  medium  for  making 
known  to  the  public  at  large  facts  relative  to  pro^oosed  transactions 
in  public  lands.     It  is  the  source  to  which  the  public  looks  for  in- 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  573 

formation  on  that  subject.  I  offer  in  evidence  a  clipping  from  that 
newspaper,  with  a  sworn  statement  from  the  director,  as  he  is  called 
in  Si^anish,  or  the  managing  editor,  I  suppose  you  may  say,  attesting 
the  fact  that  it  was  so  published : 

Government  of  the  Philippine  Islands, 
Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of  Lands, 

Manila,  May  9,  1908. 

notice  of  application  to  lease  public  lands. 

The  undersigned  thereby  gives  notice  that  he  will,  on  the  2d  day  of  July,  1908, 
IBle  with  the  director  of  lands,  Manila,  P.  I.,  an  application  for  a  lease  to  the 
following-described  public  land: 

Starting  at  a  stake  25  meters  south  of  cart  road  from  Cabana tuan  to  Cabuc- 
bucan,  at  the  point  known  as  "  Mataas  ng  Cahoy,"  about  10  miles  from  Cabana- 
tuan,  running  north  2,800  meters  to  stake;  thence  east  800  meters  to  stake; 
thence  north  400  meters  to  stake  near  stream  Mudcong;  hence  east  SCO  meters 
to  stake ;  thence  south  2,000  meters  to  stake ;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake ; 
thence  south  800  meters  to  stake ;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake ;  thence  south 
5,600  meters  to  stake ;  thence  southwest  1,610  meters  to  stalve ;  thence  northwest 
1,501  meters  to  stake ;  thence  north  2,330  meters  to  stake ;  thence  east  400  meters 
to  stake ;  thence  north  2,870  meters  to  point  of  beginning.  Situate  in  the  barrio 
of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija,  island  of 
Luzon,  Philippine  Islands.    Containing  an  area  of  988  hectares  and  2  ares. 

E.  L.  Worcester. 
(Signature  of  applicant.) 
Calyanatiian,  Nucva  Ectja, 

( Post  office   address. ) 

All  claims  to  the  above-described  land  must  be  filed  in  the  bureau  of  lands, 
Manila,  P.  I.,  by  12  o'clock  noon,  on  the  2d  day  of  July,  1908. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 

Director  of  Lands. 
U  19-26  J  2-9-16-23 


GOBIERNO  DE  LAS   FiLIPINAS, 

Departamento  del  Interior,  Oficina  de  Terrenos, 

Manila,  9  dc  Mayo  de  1908. 

AVISO  DE  SOLICITUD  PARA  ARRENDAR  TERRENOS  DEL  ESTADO. 

Por  el  presente  hace  saber  el  infra scri to,  que  el  dia  2  de  Julio  de  1908,  presen- 
tara  al  director  de  terrenos  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  una  solicitud  pidieudo  el  arrenda- 
miento  del  terrene  agricola  del  Estado,  descrito  a  continuacion. 

Partiendo  de  una  estaca  que  se  halla  al  Sur  25  metres  de  la  carretera  de 
Cabanatuan  a  Cabucbucan  en  el  punto  denominado  "  Mataas  ng  Cahoy,"  unos 
diez  millas  de  Cabanatuan ;  desde  dicho  punto  N.  2,800  metros  a  una  estaca ; 
de  alii  E.  800  metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alii  N.  400  metros  a  una  estaca  cerca  del 
arroyo  denominado  IMudcong;  de  alii  E.  800  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alii  S. 
2,000  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alii  S.  800 
metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  O.  400  metros  a  una  estaca ;  de  alli  S.  5,600  metros 
a  una  estaca;  de  alli  SO.  1,010  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  NO.  1,501  metros  a 
una  estaca;  de  alli  N.  2,330  metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alli  E.  400  metros  a  una 
estaca;  de  alli  N.  2,870  metros  al  punto  de  partida,  situado  en  el  barrio  de 
Cabucbucan,  municipio  de  Pjongabon,  provincia  de  Nueva  Ecija,  isla  de  Luzon, 
Islas  Filipinas.    Comprende  una  extencion  superficial  de  988  hect  areas  y  2  areas. 

E.  L.  Worcfs^j1':r, 
(Firma  del   Solicitante.) 
Cabanatuan,  Nucva  Eclja, 

(Direccion    Postal.) 

Todas  las  reel  am  a  clones  adversas  sobre  el  terreno  arriba  descrito  deben  ser 
presentadas  en  la  oficina  de  terrenos  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  antes  de  las  doce  del  dia 
2  de  Julio  de  1908. 

C.  H.  Sleeper, 
Director  de  Terrenos. 


574  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

[Declaracion  jurada. — Islas  Filipinas,  Provincia  de  Rizal,  Municipio  de  Manila,  ss.] 

Yo,  Carson  Taylor,  director  del  Manila  Daily  Bulletin,  periodic©  diario,  que  se 

(diario  6  semanal.) 
publica  en  el  Municipio  de  Manila,  Provincia  de  Rizal,  Islas  Filipinas,  liabiendo 
primeramente  prestado  el  debido  juramento,  declaro  y  digo :  que  el  anniicion 
inipreso  adlierido  a  la  presente,  fue  publicado  en  diclio  periodico  en  la  edicion 
ordinaria  y  no  en  un  suplemento,  una  vez  a  la  seniana,  durante  6  semanas  con- 
secutivas,  en  las  siquientes  fechas  Mayo  19,  26,  Junio  2,  9,  16,  23  de  1908. 

Carson  Taylor, 
Director  del  Periodico. 

Suscrito  y  jurndo  ante  mi  en  el  municipio  de  Manila,   Provincia  de  Rizal, 
Islas  Filipinas,  lioy,  23  de  Junio  del  1908. 

[SEAL.]  C.  W.  O'Brien, 

Funcionario  autorizado  para  racibir  juramcutos. 


Cargo  OficiaL 
Cedula  personal  No.  F  1304817. 
Fecha  en  que  se  expedio  Feb.  3,  08. 
Sitio  en  que  fue  expedido  Manila. 

A  copy  of  this  notice  translated  into  the  Spanish  language  was 
published  once  a  week  for  six  weeks  in  one  of  the  leading  Spanish 
papers  of  Manila  called  El  Comercio.  I  submit  a  clipping  cut  from 
that  paper,  showing  the  publication  of  the  notice,  and  a  sworn  state- 
ment from  the  proper  person  connected  with  that  paper  to  show  that 
it  was  so  published : 

Government  of  tlie  Philippine  Islands.  Department  of  the  Interior.  Bureau 
of  Lands.  Manila,  May  9,  1908. — Notice  of  application  to  lease  public  lands. — 
The  undersigned  hereby  gives  notice  that  he  will  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,  1908, 
file  v«^ith  the  director  of  lands,  Manila,  P.  I.,  an  application  for  a  lease  to  the 
following-described  public  land :  Starting  at  a  stake  25  meters  south  of 
cart  road  from  Cabanatuan  to  Cabucbucan  at  the  point  known  as  "  Mataas  iig 
Cahoy,"  about  10  miles  from  Cabanatuan,  running  north  2,800  meters 
to  stake;  thence  east  800  meters  to  stake;  thence  north  400  meters  to 
stake  near  stream  Mudcong;  thence  east  800  meters  to  stake;  thence 
south  2,000  meters  to  stake;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake;  thence 
south  800  meters  to  stake;  thence  west  400  meters  to  stake;  thence  south  5,600 
meters  to  stake;  thence  southwest  3,610  meters  to  stake;  tlience  northwest  1,501 
meters  to  stake ;  thence  north  2,330  meters  to  stake ;  thence  east  400  meters  to 
stake;  thence  north  2,870  meters  to  point  of  beginning.  Situate  in  the  barrio 
of  Cabucbucan,  municipality  of  Bongabon,  Province  of  Nueva  Ecija,  Island  of 
Luzon,  Philippine  Islands.  Containing  an  area  of  988  hectares  and  2  area. — ■ 
E.  L.  WoECESTER  (signature  of  applicant).  Cabanatuan,  Nueva  Ecija,  post-office 
address.  All  claims  to  the  above-described  land  must  be  filc^d  in  the  l»ureau  of 
lands,  Manila,  P.  I.,  by  12  o'clock  noon  on  the  2nd  day  of  July,  1908. — C.  H. 
Sleeper,  Director  of  Lands. 


Gobierno  de  las  Islas  Filipinas  Departamento  del  Interior  Oficina  de  Ter- 
renos,  Manila,  9  de  mayo  de  1908.~Aviso  de  solicitud  para  arrendar  terrenes 
del  Estado. — Por  el  presente  hace  saber  el  infra  scrito,  que  el  dia  2  de  julio 
de  1908,  presentard  al  Director  de  Terrenes  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  una  solicitud 
pidiendo  el  arrendamiento  del  terreno  agricola  del  Estado  descrito  fi  continua- 
ci6n :  Partiendo  de  una  estaca  que  se  halta  al  Sur  25  metres  de  la  carretera 
de  Cabanatuan  a  Cabucbusan  en  el  pun  to  denominado  "Mataas  ng  Cahoy,"  unas 
diez  millas  Cabanatuan;  desde  dicho  punto  N.  2,800  metres  a  una  estaca;  de 
alll  E.  800  metros  (i  una  estaca ;  de  all!  N.  400  metros  ^  una  estaca ;  cerca  del 
arroyo  denominado  Mudcong ;  de  alll  E.  800  metros  d  una  estaca ;  de  allf  S. 
2,000  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alii  O.  400  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alii  S.  800 
metros  a  una  estaca;  de  alii  O.  400  metros  S.  una  estaca;  de  alii  S.  5,600  metros 
a  una  estaca;  de  alii  SO.  1,610  metros  ^  una  estaca;  de  alii  NO.  1,501  metros  k 
una  estaca ;  de  alii  N.  2,330  metros  fi  una  estaca ;  de  alii  E.  400  metros  a  una 
estaca ;  de  alii  N.  2,870  metros  al  punto  de  partida,  situado  en  el  barrio  de  Cabuc 


ADMINISTKATIO]^   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  575 

t)ucan,  mimicipio  de  Bongabon,  provincia  de  Nueva  Ecija,  Isla  de  Luzon,  Islas 
Filipinas  Comprende  una  extension  superficial  de  988  beetareas  y  2  areas. — 
E.  L.  Worcester  (firma  del  solicitante).  Cabanatuan,  Nueva  Ecija,  direccion 
postal.  Todas  las  reclaniaciones  adversas  sobre  el  terrena  arriba  descrito  doben 
ser  presentadas  en  la  oficina  de  Terrenes  en  Manila,  I.  F.,  antes  de  las  doce  del 
dia,  2  de  Julio  de  1008. — C.  H.  Sleeper,  Director  de  Terrenos. 


[Declaracion  Jurada.     Islas  Filipinas.-    Provincia  de  Manila  ss.     Municipio  de  Manila.] 

Yo,  Jose  de  Loyzaja  y  Ajeo,  director  del  El  Comercio,  periodico  diario  (diario 
6  semanal)  que  se  publica  en  el  Municipio  de  Manila,  Provincia  de  Manila, 
Islas  Filipinas,  babiendo  primeramente  prestado  el  debido  juramento,  declaro  y 
digo :  que  el  anuncio  impreso  adberido  a  la  presente,  fue  publicado  en  dielio 
periodico  en  la  ediciOn  ordinaria  y  no  en  un  suplemento,  una  vez  d  la  scmana, 
durante  seis  semanas  consecutivas,  en  las  siguientes  fecbas  19,  26  mayo,  2,  9, 
16,  23  junio  de  190S. 

JOSli)    DE    LOYZA..TA    Y    AjEO, 

Director  del  Periodico. 

Suscrito  y  jurando  ante  mi  en  el  municipo  de  Manila,  Provincia  de  Manila, 
Islas  Filipinas,  hoy,  26  de  junio  de  1908. 

[SEAL.]  Antonio  M.  Opisso, 

Notario  Puhlico, 
El  nombramiento  termina  el  31  de  diciembre  de  1908. 

Cedula  personal  No.  1294927. 

Fecha  en  que  se  expedio,  9  enero  1908. 

Sitio  en  que  fue  expedido,  Manila. 

Mr.  Cri'Mtacker.  Was  E.  L.  Worcester  ever  in  the  public  service 
in  the  Philippine  Islands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  E.  L.  Worcester  was  offered  at  different 
times  several  remunerative  positions  in  the  public  service,  but  I  re- 
quested him  to  decline  them  in  view  of  the  fact  that  he  was  my 
nephew.  Upon  an  outbreak  of  a  very  severe  epidemic  of  anthrax 
among  the  cattle  in  the  subprovince  of  La  Panto,  where  he  happened 
to  be  at  that  time,  he  was  taken  on  as  a  temporary  employee  of  the 
bureau  of  agriculture,  and  worked  night  and  day  until  that  epidemic 
was  suppressed,  and  then  he  was  immediately  dropped  from  the  rolls. 
I  declined  to  approve  a  request  of  the  director  of  agriculture  that 
he  be  allowed  to  continue  him  in  the  service,  as  I  did  not  think  it  was 
desirable  that  my  nephew  should  be  in  the  public  service  of  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  he  was  willing  to  accede  to  my  views  in 
tliat  matter. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  How  long  had  he  lived  in  the  Philippines  before 
he  made  this  lease  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  My  recollection  is,  sir,  that  he  arrived  there  at  the 
end  of  1903  or  very  early  in  1904. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  And  the  lease  was  made  when  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  approved  on  March  15,  1909,  and  for- 
warded to  me.  I  can  not  say  the  exact  date  on  which  I  affixed  my  sig- 
nature; it  must  have  been  on  the  day  that  it  was  received,  because  on 
that  day  I  forwarded  it  by  indorsement  to  the  governor  general, 
approved. 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  Of  course  you  had  no  personal  interest  in  this 
lease  or  leasehold,  direct  or  indirect? 

Mr.  WoRCESiT^R.  I  had  no  interest,  no  financial  or  business  inter- 
est, direct  or  indirect,  of  any  nature  whatsoever  in  that  lease  or 
leasehold.    Under  the  laws  of  the  Philippines  Islands  that  lease  can 


576  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

not  be  transferred  or  assigned  without  the  approval  of  the  secretary 
of  the  interior,  which  would  necessarily  be  a  matter  of  public  record. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  You  had  no  discretion  respecting  the  approval 
of  that  lease  under  the  circumstances,  had  you,  Mr.  Secretary? 

Mr.  WoRCESi^ER.  I  understand  that  the  only  discretion  vested  in 
me  was  as  to  the  amount  of  the  rental.  The  lease  I  was  under  obli- 
gation to  grant,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  under  the  law  my  nephew 
was  entitled  to  demand  it. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  The  rental  was  fixed  at  50  centavos  a  hectare? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  That  is  the  minimum  rental  provided  in  the 
law? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  the  minimum  rental,  sir. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  What  is  the  fact  as  to  all  leases  of  public  lands, 
of  unoccupied,  unimproved  public  lands,  having  been  rented  at  the 
minimum  rental? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Every  lease  issued  for  public  lands,  which  were 
not  in  the  nature  of  town  lots,  from  being  on  the  edge  of  settlements, 
or  even  within  settlements,  has  been  at  the  minimum  rate  of  rental. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  And  the  period,  the  term,  was  the  maximum 
period  or  term  provided  by  the  law,  25  years? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  the  maximum  term,  and  in  that  respect 
the  lease  does  not  differ  from  others.  The  lessees,  who  have  applied 
for  tracts  of  public  land,  have  uniformly  asked  for  the  maximum 
term  granted  by  the  law. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  The  option  is  contained  in  the  lease,  giving  the 
lessee  the  right  to  re-lease  for  another  25  years  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  As  I  remember,  there  is  nothing  in  the  lease  itself 
which  confers  that  privilege,  but  the  law  states  that  the  lessee  shall 
have  such  privilege. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  And  the  law  fixes,  I  believe,  the  minimum 
rental  for  the  second  period  at  one  and  one  half  pesos  per  hectare  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  That  is  the  maximum  rental,  not  the 
minimum. 

Mr.  Parsons.  For  the  second  period? 

Mr.  Worcester.  For  the  first  period  a  minimum  rental  is  fixed 
and  for  the  second  period  a  maximum  rental,  the  purpose  doubtless 
being  to  protect  the  lessee  after  he  has  made  his  improvements  and 
brought  his  land  under  cultivation. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  Oh,  I  had  a  different  notion  of  it.  About  how 
far  is  this  estate  from  Manila? 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  mean  the  Worcester  land? 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  Yes ;  the  Worcester  land. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Roughly,  70  miles,  sir ;  60  miles  of  railway  and  10 
miles  of  other  transportation,  the  character  of  which  depends  on  the 
time  of  year. 

Mr.  Crumfacker.  Are  there  other  public  lands  in  that  same  vi- 
cinity, of  the  same  general  character,  open  to  lease  or  purchase? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  One  of  the  extensive  tracts  of  available 
unoccupied  agricultural  public  land  stretches  to  the  north  and  to  the 
northeast  and  to  the  northwest  for  a  very  long  distance.  I  am  told 
that  a  man  on  a  horse  in  a  day  can  not  ride  to  the  end  of  this  great 
plain.  I  have  ridden  northward  for  about  half  a  day  myself  without 
arriving  at  a  place  where  I  could  see  to  the  end. 


ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  577 

Mr.  Crumpacker.  I  have  nothiDg  further  that  I  want  to  ask  you. 

Mr,  Douglas.  I  wanted  to  ask  3^ou  in  that  same  connection  a  few 
questions,  Mr.  Secretary.  AVhat  public  criticism,  newspaper  or 
other  criticism,  was  made  of  this  le^.se  in  Maniha  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Well,  sir;  there  is  a  difference  of  opinion  as  to 
whetl^er  there  was  any  criticism.  I  thought  there  was.  and  I 
thought  that  that  criticism  was  of  such  a  nature  as  to  reflect  very 
severely  on  me;  and  the  public  prosecutor  of  the  city  of  Manila 
also  thought  there  was. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  the  first  place,  what  was  the  comment  in  refer- 
ence to  it?     Was  it  in  a  newspaper? 

Mr.  WoRCESTiai.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  How  long  after  this  transaction  was  the  comment 
published  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  tell  you  that  in  a  moment.  It  was  pub- 
lished on  the  24tli  day  of  October,  1908. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  the  lease  was  made  when? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  just  entered  the  date  in  the  record. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Yes;  but  I  just  wanted  to  bring  the  two  into  jux- 
taposition. 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  date  I  gave  you  for  the  original  publication 
was  incorrect.  The  30th  of  October,  1908,  seems  to  have  been  the 
date  on  which  this  article  appeared. 

Mr.  Douglas.  In  what  paper  did  it  appear? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  appeared  in  the  paper  called  "El  Eenaci- 
miento."  I  shall  have  to  change  my  statement  as  to  whether  that 
article  could  have  referred  to  this  transaction  as  having  been  con- 
summated, because  the  lease  was  approved,  apparently,  on  the  15th 
of  March,  1909 ;  but  I  think  that  the  documents  there,  relative  to  the 
time  when  notification  of  the  proposed  transaction  was  made  public, 
will  show  that  that  was  presumably  the  one  referred  to.  At  all 
events,  if  I  may  be  allowed  to  continue  my  statement 

Mr.  Douglas.  Certainly 

Mr.  Worcester.  When  the  case  was  brought  to  trial  the  public 
prosecutor  of  the  city^  of  Manila  brought  suit  for  criminal  libel 
against  the  persons  believed  to  have  been  responsible  for  the  article, 
in  which  appeared,  among  other  things,  the  following  reference : 

Giving  an  admirable  impulse  to  the  discovery  of  wealthy  lodes  in  Mindanao 
and  Mindoro,  and  other  virgin  regions  of  the  archipelago,  with  tlie  money  of  the 
people,  and  under  the  pretext  of  the  public  good,  when,  as  a  strict  matter  of 
truth,  the  object  is  to  possess  all  the  data  and  the  key  to  the  national  wealth 
for  his  essentially  personal  benefit,  as  is  shown  by  the  acquisition  of  immense 
properties  registered  under  the  names  of  others. 

Mr.  Douglas.  The  person  referred  to  there,  as  shown  by  the  con- 
text, was  yourself? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  was  unmistakably^  shown  by  the  context  of  the 
article  that  no  one  else  could  have  been  intended,  because  it  contained 
references  to  acts  which  were  publicly  known  to  have  been  per- 
formed by  me  and  by  no  one  else,  so  that  there  was  no  room  for  doubt 
as  to  who  was  meant,  although  my  name  did  not  appear  in  the  text 
of  the  article.  An  effort  was  made  in  connection  with  the  criminal 
case  to  show  that  I  was  interested  in  this  particular  piece  of  property, 
but  later  it  was  abandoned ;  and  the  defense  set  up,  before  the  end  of 
the  case,  the  claim  that  the  article  did  not  refer  to  me.    The  judge 


578  ADMINISTRATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

thought  that  it  did  refer  to  me  and  sentenced  three  of  the  persons 
responsible  for  it  to  periods  of  six  and  six  and  eight  mi^nths  in  the 
penitentiary,  respectively,  and  ordered  them  in  addition  to  pay  fines 
of  two  to  three  thousand  pesos  each.  I  then  brought  a  civil  suit  for 
damages  against  the  editors  and  owners  of  the  paper,  and  in  connec- 
tion with  that  suit  the  defense  placed  a  witness  en  the  stand  who 
swore  that  I  was  known  to  be  a  man  of  such  high  character  that  no 
one  could  believe  that  article  referred  to  me.  The  judge,  however, 
did  not  think  so,  and  he  asked  them  to  pay  me  $30,000  damages. 

The  Chairman  (jocularly).  The  judge  did  not  think  you  were  a 
man  of  such  high  character?     [Laughter.] 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  judge  tried  that  case? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  judge  in  the  criminal  case  was  Judge  Cross- 
street  and  the  judge  in  the  civil  case  was  Judge  Jenkins. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  the  result  of  that  civil  suit  was  that  you  recov- 
ered a  judgment  for  30,000  pesos  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  $30,000—60,000  pesos. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  business  was  your  nephew  engaged  in  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Prior  to  occupying  that  land  ? 

Mr.  Parsons.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Worcester.  He  came  to  the  Philippines  in  the  first  instance  to 
endeavor  to  ship  to  the  United  States  the  bulbs  of  a  very  wonderful 
wild  lily  that  we  have  growing  in  the  mountains  of  northern  Luzon. 
It  was  thought  that  it  might  be  possible  to  get  the  bulbs  here  at  such 
time  that  the  flowers  could  be  had  at  Easter,  and  for  some  time  he 
was  engaged  in  the  gathering  and  shipping  of  these  bulbs,  but  that 
did  not  prove  worth  following  up.  He  also  brought  Avith  him  some 
very  high-grade  American  dairy  animals. 

Mr.  Douglas.  You  referred  to  some  wonderful  lilies;  what  was 
wonderful  in  that  respect? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  are  wonderful  for  their  beauty ;  it  is  a  mag- 
nificent flower. 

As  I  said,  he  brought  with  him  some  high-grade  dairy  animals  and 
thought  to  enter  that  business.  There  is  a  great  shortage  of  fresh  milk 
in  Manila,  and  canned  milk  and  other  dairy  products  form  a  large 
item  in  our  imports.  We  had  learned  to  protect  cattle  front 
rinderpest.  But  on  this  importation  of  cattle  there  was  demonstrated 
the  existence  of  another  cattle  disease  there  known  as  tick  fever,  which 
killed  all  but  one  of  them.  He  afterwards  went  into  the  business  of 
raising  beef  cattle,  but  thought  best  to  abandon  thtit  because  of  an  out- 
break of  another  very  destructive  cattle  disease,  which  can  not  be 
eradicated  without  great  difficulty.  This  disease  is  known  as  anthrax, 
and  it  may  reappear  on  ground  where  animals  have  had  it  10  or  15 
years  previously — that  is,  10  or  15  years  after  the  disease  has  ap- 
parently disappeared.  As  he  was  able  to  dispose  of  liis  cattle  advan- 
tageously, he  did  so,  and  took  up  this  farm,  where  he  has  been  raising 
rice,  corn,  and  hogs,  and  planting  coconuts. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  the  land  irrigated? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir ;  but  the  land  is  such  that  no  irrigation  is 
required. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Is  it  upland  rice  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir ;  but  irrigation  water  is  not  really  necessary 
on  this  land,  because  it  is  partially  flooded  during  the  rainy  season. 


ADMINISTRATIOlSr   OP   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  579 

He  is  also  engaged  quite  extensively  in  the  raising  of  hogs.  It  has 
been  found  that  a  cross  between  a  Berkshire  hog  and  the  native  hog 
does  well,  and  he  can  dispose  of  these  so-called  mestizo  hogs  as  fast  as 
he  can  raise  them. 

The  Chair3ian.  Are  the  razorback  hogs  raised  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  Philippine  hog,  the  ordinary  domestic  Phil- 
ippine hog,  is  a  razorback;  he  is  the  original  razorback,  I  think,  and 
he  flourishes  very  well.    It  is  a  good  country  for  hog  growing. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  he  own  any  other  property  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Nor  lease  any  other? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir.  At  the  time  that  he  arrived  there  the 
public-land  act  was  not  in  effect,  and  he  simply  occupied  land  in  ex- 
pectation of  making  application  when  the  law  went  into  operation — 
in  the  first  instance  in  Benguet  Province  and  subsequently  in  Lepanto. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Did  he  go  there  at  your  suggestion? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  did  you  think  it  was  undesirable  for  him  to  be 
in  the  Government  service? 

Mr.  Worces^ter.  Simply  because  there  exists  this  tendency  to  accuse 
one  of  favoring  his  relatives.  At  the  time  an  opportunity  was  olTered 
him  to  enter  the  service  the  bureau  of  agriculture  Avas  under  my  con- 
trol, and  I  did  not  care  to  have  my  nephew  as  a  subordinate  in  that 
bureau. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Why  did  he  go  out  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  His  father  and  mother  were  getting  old,  and 
suffered  very  severely  from  the  effects  of  the  Vermont  winters,  and 
it  was  not  thought  that  they  could  live  long  if  they  continued  there. 
I  thought  he  might  make  a  home  for  them,  so  as  to  give  them  the 
advantage  of  our  climate,  which  is  well  known  to  be  particularly 
favorable  to  old  people,  and,  also,  I  thought  the  islands  afforded  good 
opportunity  for  a  young  man  of  his  practical  training  and  his  will- 
ingness to  engage  in  hard  work. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  does  he  live? 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  this  land,  and  his  father  and  mother  live 
with  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Is  he  a  mnrried  man? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  he  is  married  and  has  children. 

Mr.  Parsons.  You  stated  that  this  land  was  in  Bongabon  and 
CJabanatuan? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  it  is  in  the  two  towns;  at  tlie  outset 
there  was  a  dispute  as  to  the  boundary,  as  each  town  w^anted  to  col- 
lect the  taxes,  and  finally  a  compromise  was  reached  by  running  the 
line  through  the  middle  of  the  property,  and  by  this  arrangement 
the  taxes  are  divided  between  the  two  towns. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Does  he  pay  the  taxes  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  How  long  did  he  occupy  that  land  south  of  Bonga- 
bon? 

Mr.  WoRCESfER.  I  think  about  a  year  and  a  half,  possibly  two 
years. 

Mr.  Jones.  Since  this  land  was  leased  to  your  nephew  has  the 
Government  built  any  roads  through  it  on  in  its  direction  ? 


580  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  there  is  no  real  road  to  it;  that  whole 
part  of  the  country  is  one  great  flat.  During  the  dry  season  it  is  pos- 
sible to  drive  with  a  wheeled  vehicle  almost  anywhere.  When  the 
wet  season  comes  on  people  are  likely  to  plant  rice  right  across  the 
track  last  used,  and  on  account  of  the  little  dikes  which  they  raise 
the  "  road  "  has  to  go  elsewhere  the  following  year.  There  is  no 
permanent  highway  through  the  place. 

Mr.  Jones.  Then,  th'ere  is  no  highway  to  this  tract? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  it  is  possible,  however,  to  go  to  it  in 
wheeled  vehicles  chiring  the  dry  season,  if  one  does  not  mind  being 
bumped  around. 

Mr.  Jones.  And  no  public  bridges? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  last  time  I  went  up  there  I  had  to  dismount 
and  cross  on  foot  a  bridge  in  the  outskirts  of  Cabanatuan  because  it 
was  unsafe.  That  is  the  only  bridge  that  I  remember.  One  fords  or 
swims  the  other  streams,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Mr.  Martin.  Before  proceeding  w^ith  another  witness,  I  desire  to 
ask  the  committee  for  permission  to  question  Mr.  Worcester. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Before  any  action  is  taken  by  the  committee  on 
that  request  I  want  to  suggest  that  Mr.  Worcester  stated  yesterday 
that  somewhere  in  the  course  of  the  hearing  he  desired  to  add  or 
incorporate  a  general  statement  of  some  sort. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  would  be  glad  to  make  that  general  statement 
at  or  near  the  close  of  this  investigation.  Mr.  Martin  has  stated  a 
purpose  to  set  forth  what  he  conceives  to  be  the  colonial  land  policy 
of  the  United  States. 

The  Chairman.  We  are  not  going  into  the  question  of  the  colonial 
land  policy  of  the  United  StaJes.  We  do  not  think  we  have  any- 
thing to  do  wuth  that,  except  as  we  find  it  in  the  statutory  law. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Mr.  Martin  has,  however,  called  attention  to  a 
statement  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  that  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
objections  have  been  raised  to  the  selling  of  friar  lands  in  large 
tracts,  in  excess  of  1,024  hectares,  no  action  will  be  taken  looking  to 
further  such  sales  until  the  matter  has  been  thrc^-hed  out  in  Con- 
gress. After  all  objections  that  can  be  brought  by  Mr.  Martin  have 
been  stated,  I  should  like  personally  to  present  to  tlie  comm.ittee  the 
reasons  why  I  think  it  desirable  that  the  present  policy  relative  to 
the  leasing  of  unoccupied  friar  lands  should  be  continued.  I  will 
make  that  statement  very  brief.  Before  making  it,  however,  I  should 
like  to  hear  what  Mr.  Martin  has  to  say  on  the  subject. 

Mr.  Jones.  I  hope  it  will  be  the  sense  of  the  committee  to  permit 
Mr.  Martin  to  ask  questions  of  the  witness. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wisli  you  would  turn,  Mr.  Secretary,  to  page  460 
of  the  hearings,  port  5,  showing  a  list  of  all  applications  for  lease 
of  public  lands  since  July  1,  1902,  in  effect  on  September  30,  1910, 
indicating  the  Government  employees  who  have  applied  for  such 
leases.    Are  you  familiar  v  ith  these  matters? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir ;  I  can  not  say  that  I  am,  except  possibly 
in  individual  instances. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  notice  that  J.  R.  Wilson  has  leased  1,000  hectares 
for  25  years,  and  that  he  is  assistant  director  of  the  bureau  of  lands 
at  a  salary  of  $3,750. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir ;  I  know  what  use  is  being  made  of  that 
land ;  it  is  being  used  to  establish  a  coconut  plantation. 


ADMINISTEATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  581 

Mr.  Parsons.  ^^Tiere  is  it  located  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  It  is  about  40  miles  north  of  Zamboanga. 

Mr.  Parsons.  At  the  time  the  application  was  granted  was  Mr. 
Wilson  the  assistant  director  of  the  bureau  of  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  say,  but  I  suspect  that  at  the  time  he 
was  the  clerk  of  the  court  of  land  registration.    I  Avill  ascertain. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  is  his  office  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  His  office  is  in  what  is  called  the  Oriente  Build- 
ing in  the  city  of  Manila. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  notice  the  first  name  is  Ira  D.  Cobb,  a  teacher, 
who  was  removed  September,  1906. 

Mr.  Worcester.  You  will  see  that  these  are  only  applications;  if 
you  were  to  obtain  the  list  of  applications  granted,  you  would,  I  think, 
find  that  most  of  these  have  been  abandoned. 

Mr.  Parsons.  This  is  a  list  of  applications  in  effect  on  September 
30, 1910,  and  I  would  therefore  suppose  that  they  were  in  effect  now ; 
they  are  presumably  pending  if  not  stricken  from  the  record. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  know  Mr.  Cobb  personally. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  a  lease  made  to  him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  not ;  I  understand  that  he  began  planting 
on  his  land  and  then  abandoned  it. 

Mr.  Parsons.  O.  V.  Wood,  do  you  know  him  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Lor  en  L.  Day,  assistant  treasurer,  1,024  hectares  for 
25  years? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Gabino  E.  Bautista,  ranger,  bureau  of  forestry,  104 
hectares  for  25  years  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  do  not  know  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  J.  M.  Liddell,  do  you  know  him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  ^Ir.  Liddell  is  no  longer  in  the  Government  service. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  this  lease  made  to  him  before  or  after  he  re- 
signed ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  state  positively,  but  I  think  after  he  re- 
signed. I  do  know  that  he  never  did  anything  on  that  property 
before  he  resigned. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  w^as  this  property  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  On  the  east  coast  of  Mindoro,  south  of  the  town 
of  Bongabon. 

Mr.  Parsons.  E.  W.  Ames,  captain  surgeon,  Moro  Province;  do 
you  know  him  ? 

Mr.  WoRCES^n^R.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Guillermo  Garcia,  do  you  know  him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  anything  about  the  circumstances  of 
these  applications  to  make  leases? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No.  sir.  The  applicants  would  have  to  comply 
with  the  ordinary  requirements  in  every  case;  the  applications  must 
be  posted  on  the  bulletin  board  of  the  bureau  of  land-,  and  must 
be  published  once  a  week  for  six  weeks  in  two  papers,  one  in  the 
English  and  one  in  the  Spanish  langua^^e,  in  the  city  of  Manila. 
They  must  also  be  ])osted  in  the  towns  adjacent  to  the  land.  Ample 
precautions  are  taken  to  insure  publicity  for  these  applications. 


582  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Lewis  Main,  captain  Philippine  Constabulary;  do 
you  know  him? 

Mr.  WoRCESTEE.  I  have  never  seen  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  O.  B.  Burrell,  agricultural  inspector;  do  you  know 
him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Mindanao  Estates  Company,  Merton  L.  Miller,  presi- 
dent ;  also  chief  of  the  division  of  ethnology,  bureau  of  science  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  know  him,  personally. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Was  that  application  granted? 

Mr.  WoRCESi'ER.  That  application,  T  suppose,  has  been  granted.  I 
know  that  hemp  has  been  planted  on  the  land. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  R.  C.  Round,  law  clerk,  bureau  of 
internal  revenue?  , 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  L.  A.  Schoppe,  clerk,  bureau  of  sup- 
plies ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  E.  E.  Christen,  teacher-inspector,  bureau  of  forestry,, 
for  500  hectares;  do  you  know  him? 

Mr.  Worcesti']r.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Siasi  Plantation  &  Trading  Co.  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  know  in  a  general  way  that  they  are  growing 
rubber  in  the  island  of  Lapac,  directly  across  from  Siasi. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Lais  Trading  &  Development  Co.,  R.  M.  Shearer, 
president,  special  agent  in  the  executive  bureau? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  know  him  very  well. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Where  is  that  land? 

Mr.  WoRCES^rER.  I  do  not  know  where  the  land  is. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Wilson  Plantation  Co.,  L.  F.  Patstone,  superin- 
tendent of  department  of  engineering  and  public  works;  do  you 
know  him? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  have  met  him  casually,  but  have  no  personal 
acquaintance  with  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Following  that  is  a  table  of  leases  executed  for 
public  lands  during  the  period  from  July  24,  1904,  to  September  30, 
1910.     Are  these  in  addition  to  the  foregoing? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  I  think  not.  I  think  the  forms  show 
the  applications  and  later  the  leases.  No;  I  think  they  are  probably 
an  addition  to  the  others;  these  are  the  only  leases  that  had  been 
granted  up  to  that  time. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  you  know  William  J.  Crampton,  chief  division 
of  inspections,  bureau  of  customs? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Ohta  Development  Co.  ? 

Mr.  WoRCES^FER.  I  do  not  know  anything  about  that  company. 

Mr.  Parsons.  The  Malalng  Plantation  Co.,  E.  F.  Cochrane,  agent, 
quartermaster's  department  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  know  him. 

Mr.  Parsons.  In  cases  where  these  applications  were  granted  and 
the  leases  made  to  people  in  the  Philippine  service,  was  that  done  in 
pursuance  of  the  policy  that  you  say  you  encouraged?  You  stated 
that  you  encouraged  Americans  there  to  take  up  lands. 


ADMINISTEATION    OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS.  583 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  did  everything  we  could  to  get  people  to  take 
up  the  lands.  We  have  urged  many  of  these  people  who  have  applied 
for  lea.ses  to  go  ahead  and  perfect  them.  Wliat  most  of  them  are 
doing  is  to  experiment  on  their  land  for  awhile  with  a  view  of  de- 
termining what  the  prospects  are;  they  settle  on  the  land  for  this 
purpose. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  they  settle  on  the  land  as  squatters? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  do  not  think  it  fair  to  call  them  that.  I  think 
most  of  them  mean  to  go  ahead  with  the  plantations  if  they  seem 
likely  to  prove  profitable. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Can  they  transfer  them? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  can  transfer  them,  but  not  without  the  ap- 
proval of  the  director  of  lands  and  that  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Interior. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  asked  you  yesterday  for  the  plans  of  the  Piedad 
estate;  have  you  got  them? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.    [Exhibits  plans.] 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Worcester,  in  the  statement  of  sales  at  Baguio 
the  areas  are  given  in  square  meters  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Can  you  tell  me  how  a  square  meter  compares  with 
an  acre? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  square  meter  is  just  a  little  more  than  a  square 
yard. 

The  Chairman.  About  how  many  square  meters  does  it  take  to 
make  an  acre? 

Mr.  Worcester.  This  [indicating  the  map]  contains  about  10 
acres • 

Mr.  Douglass.  There  are  39,676  square  meters  in  the  10  acres. 

Mr.  Parsons  (examining  map).  I  have  asked  for  these  maps,  be- 
cause I  wanted  to  see  the  character  of  the  improvements. 

Mr.  Hamieton  (indicating  map).  As  I  understand  it,  these  are 
surveys  of  the  occupied  lands;  these  are  actual  holdings  of  friar 
lands  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

The  Chairman.  Mr.  Worcester,  you  do  not  malce  sales  there  by 
sections,  quarter  sections,  and  half  sections,  do  you? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  my  recollection  is  that  the  law  provides 
that  wherever  practicable  the  lands  shall  be  sold  in  rectangular  divi- 
sions of  64  hectares. 

The  Chairman.  How  about  the  friar  lands? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  holdings  are  very  irregular. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  you  would  turn  to  page  161  of  the  hearings, 
part  2.  That  is  a  list  of  leases  canceled  and  expired  during  the 
month  of  September,  1906.  Do  those  numbers  refer  to  parcels  of 
the  estate? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  seem  to  refer  to  the  numbers  of  the  leases ; 
I  take  them  to  be  file  numbers. 

Mr.  Parsons.  They  do  not  refer  to  the  parcels,  then  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Have  you  any  statement  here  showing  the  number 
of  the  parcels  in  the  friar  estates  ? 


584  ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE   LANDS. 

Capt.  Sleeper.  I  have  that  in  my  office,  except  in  so  far  as  we  are 
now  dividing  these  parcels  in  two  or  more,  where  different  people 
want  different  parts  of  them. 

Mr.  Parsons.  I  wish  you  would  put  that  in  the  record  at  this 
point. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Mr.  Parsons  asked  for  certain  information  from 
Capt.  Sleeper.    Is  that  going  in  the  record  ? 

The  Chairman.  Capt.  Sleeper,  submit  that  record  to  the  clerk  so 
that  it  may  go  into  the  record  at  this  point. 

Capt.  Sleeper.  Yes,  sir. 

(The  above-mentioned  record  will  be  supplied  later.) 

Mr.  Worcester.  Before  we  leave  the  matter  of  the  Carpenter  lease 
I  would  like  to  introduce  in  evidence  a  statement  by  the  district  di- 
rector of  constabulary  in  reference  to  the  condition  of  the  road 
to  that  estate  and  the  work  that  has  been  done  upon  it,  and  also  an 
affidavit  by  Tomas  A.  Susano,  Mr.  Carpenter's  Filipino  associate, 
relative  to  many  of  these  matters  that  have  been  discussed,  such  as 
the  relationship  between  Mr.  Carpenter  and  other  would-be  lessees 
of  the  estate  and  the  feeling  of  the  people  relative  to  the  whole  matter. 
This  statement  is  further  certified  to  by  Emilio  Sanebez,  municipal 
president  of  Novaliches,  Caloocan;  also  a  statement  by  Antonio 
Marcial,  one  of  Mr.  Carpenter's  foremen.  I  will  not  take  up  the 
time  of  the  committee  to  read  these  statements,  but  I  would  like  to 
have  them  put  in  the  record,  so  that  the  members  of  the  committee 
may  discuss  them. 

The  report  referred  to  is  a  statement  by  the  assistant  director  of 
constabulary  to  the  executive  inspector  of  constabulary  relative  to  the 
roads.  Constabulary  officers  are  required  to  report  regularly  as  to  the 
conditions  of  the  roads  over  which  they  travel. 

There  being  no  objection,  the  statements  were  admitted  to  the  rec- 
ord, as  follows: 

June  1,  1910. 
The  Executive  Inspector,  Manila,  P.  I. 

Sir  :  Referring  to  recent  verbal  request  of  the  director,  i  have  the  honor  to 
state  that  the  road  from  Caloocan  to  Novaliches,  the  subject  of  correspondence 
for  the  last  three  years,  is  now  about  completed  to  the  status  of  a  third-class 
road.  In  dry  weather  vehicles  of  all  classes  can  pass  over  it,  and  it  is  practic- 
able for  carromatas  at  nearly  all  seasons  of  the  year.  The  bridge  at  Novaliches 
has  been  completed  and  makes  ingress  and  egress  to  and  from  the  town  possi- 
ble, which  has  not  been  the  case  hitherto  in  some  kinds  of  weather.  It  is  to  be 
regretted  that  the  Government  has  not  found  it  feasible  to  make  this  a  first- 
class  road,  but  such  as  it  is  it  will  practically  double  the  eflaciency  of  the  com- 
pany of  constabulary  which  we  have  had  there  since  the  early  days,  and  in 
comparison  is  about  60  per  cent  better  than  before  the  work  was  begun.  That 
region  is  the  most  lawless  section  in  close  proximity  to  Manila,  having  been  the 
scene  of  outlawry  even  in  Spanish  times  to  the  extent  of  making  it  necessary 
to  station  there  a  detachment  of  guardia  civil. 

The  section  patrolled  by  that  company  extends  from  contact  with  the  Re- 
muntados  on  the  east  to  Malabon  and  Navotas  on  Manila  Bay,  communication 
across  which  has  heretofore  been  almost  impracticable.  The  road  will  cheapen 
the  cost  of  supplying  the  company  and  enable  them  to  receive  their  supplies, 
pay,  etc.,  promptly.  Eventually  this  opening  of  communication  should  enable 
us  to  reduce  crime  in  northern  Rizal  to  a  minimum.  The  senior  inspector  will 
hereafter  include  mention  of  this  road  in  his  monthly  reports. 
Very  respectfully, 

J.  G.  Harbord,  District  Director. 

Official  copy  respectfully  furnished  thj^  honorable  the  secretary  of  commerce 
and  police  as  the  section  of  country  herein  mentioned  contains  some  of  the 
"  friar  lands  "  referred  to  in  "  friar-lands  inquiry." 


ADMINISTRATIOIsr   OF   PHILIPPINE  LiANDS.  585 

The  undersigned  approves  Col.  Harbord's  statements  and  concurs  in  his  opin- 
ion as  to  the  value  of  the  Caloocan-Novaliches  Road  to  the  public  and  in 
particular  to  this  bureau. 

H.  H.  Bandholtz,  Director. 


[Translation.] 

Philippine  Islands,  City  of  Manila,  ss: 

Personally  appeared  before  me  Tom^s  A.  Susano,  of  legal  age,  a  native  of 
Polo,  Bulacan,  and  resident  of  the  village  of  Novaliches,  municipality  of  Ca- 
loocan,  Province  of  Rizal,  vrho,  upon  being  duly  sworn,  deposed  as  follows: 

1.  That  he  is  44  years  of  age,  having  been  born  in  the  municipality  of  Polo, 
Province  of  Bulacan,  as  aforementioned,  and  resided  in  the  village  of  Nova- 
liches or  in  villages  immediately  adjacent  thereto  during  his  entire  life  until 
the  present  time. 

2.  That  he  has  held  various  municipal  offices  under  the  Spanish,  revolution- 
ary, and  American  regimes  in  the  said  village  of  Novaliches,  where  he  and  his 
ancestors  from  time  immemorial  have  resided  and  owned  agricultural  prop- 
erty. 

3.  That  he  is  and  always  has  been  by  occupation  a  farmer;  that  he  is  now, 
and  has  been  since  January  1,  1908,  associated  with  Frank  W.  Carpenter  in  the 
agricultural  venture,  in  the  lease  and  purchase  of  certain  lands  by  the  latter 
in  the  hacienda  of  Tala,  on  which  the  village  of  Novaliches  is  situated,  and 
has  been  since  the  date  aforementioned,  until  now,  and  still  is  in  general 
charge  of  the  agricultural  property  of  said  Frank  W.  Carpenter  in  the  develop- 
ment of  said  lands: 

4.  That  all  of  said  lands  which  were  leased  by  Mr.  Carpenter  under  con- 
tract, at  the  rate  of  ?0.30  per  hectare,  were  vacant  and  without  claimant,  hav- 
ing been  pasture  and  waste  lands  prior  to  the  purchase  of  the  hacienda  by  the 
Government  from  the  friars;  that  not  only  did  these  lands  remain  vacant  after 
all  former  tenants  of  the  hacienda  had  selected  the  lands  they  desired,  but,  by 
reason  of  their  topographical  and  uncultivated  condition,  were  considered 
practically  valueless. 

5.  That,  in  addition  to  the  reasons  already  mentioned,  the  fact  that  the  lands 
in  question  lie  in  the  district  which  from  time  immemorial  has  been  frequented 
by  lawless  characters  passing  from  Cavite  and  southern  Luzon  to  Bulacan  and 
northward,  rendering  it  in  the  popular  belief  an  unsafe  place  to  have  work 
cattle  or  other  movable  property,  proved  an  additional  factor  deterring  people 
from  other  villages  who  might  otherwise  come  and  locate  in  the  district  in 
question. 

6.  That  since  the  earliest  recollection  of  the  affiant  and  prior  thereto,  accord- 
ing to  the  statements  of  older  residents,  the  Government  has  always  deemed 
it  necessary  to  maintain  a  detachment  of  troops  or  constabulary  in  the  imme- 
diate vicinity  of  the  village  of  Novaliches  to  operate  against  outlaws  and 
endeavor  to  prevent  depredations  by  them  in  that  district;  that  prior  to  the 
lease  of  the  lands  aforementioned  by  Frank  W.  Carpenter,  and,  although  all 
former  tenants  had  selected  all  the  lands  they  wished  from  the  hacienda  of 
Tala,  there  was  leased  and  occupied  but  a  small  fraction  of  said  hacienda ; 

7.  That  upon  the  lease  of  vacant  lands  in  said  hacienda  by  Mr.  Carpenter, 
the  affiant,  pursuant  to  the  instructions  of  said  Carpenter,  informed  all  persons 
inquiring  the  terms  of  said  lease,  and  that  although  the  contract  in  general 
included  all  theretofore  unoccupied  lands  in  the  hacienda,  all  persons  desiring 
to  lease  and  purchase  portions  of  land  included  witliin  the  terms  of  Mr.  Car- 
penter's contract  could  do  so,  he  relinquishing,  as  he  would  relinquish  any  prior 
claim  he  might  have  to  the  lands,  provided  they  would  take  the  land  in  rectan- 
gular parcels  as  it  lay,  good  and  poor,  so  that  there  would  not  be  left  to  him  a 
quantity  of  irregular  shaped  pieces  and  practically  worthless  lands ; 

8.  That  in  accordance  with  the  policy  above  indicated  Mr.  Carpenter's 
holdings  in  the  hacienda  were  reduced  by  apparently  about  seventy-five  per  cent 
(75  per  cent)  of  his  original  area,  and  the  entire  hacienda  disposed  of;  that,  so 
far  as  known  to  the  affiant,  no  person  desiring  to  secure  land  on  the  hacienda 
has  been  prevented  by  Mr.  Carpenter  from  doing  so  and,  in  fact,  the  affiant,  in 
accordance  with  instructions  from  Mr.  Carpenter,  has  constantly  encouraged 
prospective  tenants  to  lease  and  purchase  lands  on  the  Tala  hacienda,  and 
transfers  of  rights  having  been  made  by  Mr.  Carpenter  to  Filipinos  amounting 

82278°— H.  Kept.  2289,  61-3 41 


586  ADMiisrrsTBATioisr  of  Philippine  lands. 

in  some  instances  to  large  areas,  and  in  no  case  has  any  payment  been  asked  or 
received  by  Mr.  Carpenter  for  such  transfers  or  relinquishments;  that  the  per- 
sons employed  by  Mr.  Carpenter  in  the  cultivation  of  lands  leased  by  him  are 
compensated  either  by  share  in  the  annual  crops  grown  on  the  land  or  by  day 
wages,  all  in  accordance  with  the  established  custom  and  rates  in  the  locality, 
and  in  the  event  of  any  deviation  therefrom,  the  rates  of  compensation  are 
more  favorable  to  the  laborer  and  in  no  instance  less  advantageous  than  those 
usually  paid  here;  that  there  is  no  commissary  or  store  from  which  laborers 
are  required  to  purchase  their  supplies  nor  upon  which  orders  for  money  or 
supplies  are  given,  and  all  payments  for  day  labor  are  made  promptly  each 
week  in  cash,  and  to  share  laborers  in  the  course  of  and  upon  the  termination 
of  the  harvest,  no  interest  being  charged  any  laborer  or  subtenant  on  account 
of  advances  made  prior  to  harvest  or  pay  day,  such  advances  being  made  in 
many  cases,  as  is  customary  in  the  locality; 

9.  That  due  to  the  work  carried  on  by  Mr.  Carpenter  on  the  lands  leased 
by  him  and  the  supply  by  him  of  work  cattle,  many  residents  of  the  town  of 
Novaliches  who  were  without  definite  employment  have  been  given  an  oppor- 
tunity which  they  have  gladly  taken  advantage  of  with  profit  and  satisfac- 
tion to  themselves; 

10.  That,  so  far  as  the  affiant  is  aware,  no  person  residing  on  the  Tala 
Hacienda,  nor  any  other  person  conversant  with  matters  there,  has  complained 
regarding  the  treatment  by  Mr.  Carpenter  of  his  employees  or  fellow  tenants  on 
the  hacienda ;  nor  does  it  appear  to  the  affiant  that  reasonable  motive  can  be 
found  for  complaint ; 

11.  That  during  the  Spanish  regime  a  passable  road  was  maintained  be- 
tween the  village  of  Novaliches  and  the  city  of  Manila  as  a  necessary  means 
of  affording  communication  and  supplies  for  the  detachment  of  troops  perma- 
nently stationed  at  Novaliches,  as  well  as  for  other  public  purposes;  that  upon 
the  passing  of  the  Spanish  domination  the  maintenance  of  this  road  was  neg- 
lected, due  to  the  discontinuance  of  forced  labor  on  public  works,  by  which 
method  the  Spanish  authorities  had  kept  up  this  road,  as  it  did  other  public 
works,  with  the  result  that  in  the  year  1900  the  road  became  practically  im- 
passable, except  for  pedestrians,  during  the  entire  rainy  season  of  the  year, 
and  thereafter  the  affiant,  together  with  other  persons  residing  in  the  village 
and  district  of  Novaliches,  brought  frequently  to  the  attention  of  the  authorities 
the  necessity  of  repairing  the  road  in  question,  and  it  is  known  to  the  under- 
signed that  the  various  commanding  officers  of  troops  and  constabulary  sta- 
tioned at  Novaliches  used  their  best  endeavors  to  secure  the  repair  of  the  road, 
as  being  absolutely  essential  to  insure  the  efficiency  of  the  garrison  there ;  and 

12.  That  the  lands  leased  by  Mr.  Carpenter  lie  at  a  considerable  distance 
from  the  extreme  northern  end  of  this  road,  and  the  benefit  he  may  derive 
from  the  repair  of  the  road  now  or  for  some  years  to  come  is  but  infinitesimal 
as  compared  with  that  accruing  to  thousands  of  occupants  of  the  haciendas  of 
Tuason  and  Piedad  which  are  traversed  by  the  road,  the  customary  outlet  for 
produce  raised  on  the  Hacienda  of  Tala  being  to  the  town  of  Polo,  province  of 
Bulacan,  which  is  In  entirely  different  direction  and  over  a  wholly  different 
road  from  that  connecting  Novaliches  with  the  city  of  Manila,  and  furthermore, 
no  repairs  have  been  made  to  the  Novaliches-Polo  Road  since  Mr.  Carpenter 
became  one  of  the  tenants  of  the  Tala  Hacienda. 

The  foregoing  is  a  correct  statement  of  facts  to  the  best  knowledge  and 
belief  of  the  affiant. 

(Sgd.)  TOMAS  A.   SUSANO, 

C^dula  No.  F  1259187. 
Caloocan,  Rizal,  March  22,  1910. 

Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me,  this  fifth  day  of  November,  nineteen 
hundred  and  ten. 

[seal.]  (Sgd.)  S.  Ferguson, 

Notary  Puhlic. 
(My  commission  expires  Dec.  31,  1910.) 
(r0.20  doc.  stamp.) 

Novaliches,  Caloocan,  Rizal, 

November  5,  1910. 
I  certify  that  I  have  read  and  understood  all  the  contents  of  the  above  sworn 
affidavit  and,  according  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief,  I  find  them 
correct. 

(Sgd.)  Emilio  Sanchez, 

Municipal  President. 


ADMINISTRATION   OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  587 

[Translation.] 
Philippine   Islands, 

City  of  Manila,  ss: 
I,  Antonio  Marcial,  of  legal  age,  foreman  of  laborers  on  the  land  held  by  Mr. 
F.  W.  Carpenter  in  the  Hacienda  of  Tala,  situated  in  Novaliches,  municipality 
of  Caloocan,  Province  of  Rizal,  having  the  necessary  legal  capacity  to  make  this 
affidavit,  of  my  own  free  will  state: 

1.  That  as  foreman  of  said  laborers  I  am  in  immediate  charge  of  them  and 
pay  them  their  wages. 

2.  That  the  wages  paid  by  said  Mr.  Carpenter  vary  between  sixty-five  and 
seventy-five  centavos  per  diem. 

3.  That  said  wages  are  paid  punctually  each  week  and  in  cash. 

4.  That  there  is  no  system  of  fines  or  drawbacks  in  force  against  the  laborers, 
nor  is  there  any  plantation  store  or  other  establishment  from  which  laborers 
are  required  to  secure  their  supplies. 

5.  That  from  personal  knowledge  which  I  have  of  labor  conditions  in  the 
Philippine  Islands,  and  especially  in  the  district  where  the  plantation  is  located, 
I  can  make  oath  that  no  planter  or  occupant  of  lands  in  the  locality  pays  higher 
rates  of  wages,  nor  equal  to  the  maximum,  of  those  paid  by  me  In  behalf  of 
Mr.  Carpenter. 

6.  That,  notwithstanding  the  payment  of  these  rates  of  wages,  laborers  are 
never  required  to  work  more  than  eight  hours  per  day,  nor  on  Sundays  or 
holidays. 

7.  That  more  laborers  than  are  required  come  seeking  employment,  and  those 
employed  leave  when  they  please,  without  being  obliged,  on  account  of  cash 
advances  or  otherwise,  to  remain  in  Mr.  Carpenter's  employ. 

The  foregoing  is  a  correct  statement  of  facts,  to  which  I  subscribe  and  make 
oath  in  Manila,  this  28th  day  of  October,  nineteen  hundred  and  ten. 

(Sgd.)  Antonio  Maecial. 

C§dula  No.  G  98176. 
Manila,  Jul.  P,  1910, 
[seal.] 
[?=0.20  doc.  stamp.] 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  twenty-eighth  day  of  October,  1910, 

(Sgd.)  Thomas  Caby  Welch, 

Notary  Public  in  d  for  Manila,  P,  L 
My  commission  expires  Dec.  31,  1910. 
(Copy.) 


IBLAS  Filipinas,  Ciudad  de  Manila,  ss: 

Yo,  Antonio  Marcial,  mayor  de  edad,  sobrestante  de  los  trabajadores  de  los 
terrenos  que  F.  W.  Carpenter  posee  en  la  hacienda  de  Tala,  situada  en  Nova- 
liches, del  Municipio  de  Caloocan,  Provincia  de  Rlzal,  y  eon  la  capacidad  legal 
necesaria  para  hacer  esta  declraci6n,  de  mi  libre  y  espontanea  voluntad  hago 
constar : 

1°.  Que  como  sobrestante  de  los  mencionados  trabajadores  soy  su  jefe  inme- 
diato  y  les  pago  sus  jornales. 

2**.  Que  los  jornales  que  paga  dlcho  Sr.  Carpenter  oscilan  entre  sesenta  y 
cinco  y  setenta  y  clnco  centimes  diarlos  en  moneda  filipina. 

3°.  Que  dlchos  jornales  se  pagan  semanalmente,  con  entera  puntualidad  y 
en  dinero. 

4°.  Que  no  existe  en  los  mencionados  terrenos  del  Sr.  Carpenter  el  sistema 
de  multas  y  descuentos  ^  los  trabajadores,  ni  hay  tienda  6  factorla  de  la 
propiedad  del  repetido  Sr.  Carpenter  6  de  la  que  est^n  obligados  a  surtirse. 

5*.  Que  por  el  conocimiento  personal  que  tengo  de  las  condiciones  de  la  mano 
de  obra  en  Filipinas,  y  especialmente  en  la  regiCn  donde  la  hacienda  se  halla, 
puedo  afirmar  que  nlngtin  hacendero  ni  arrendatario  paga  en  la  localidad  jor- 
nales superiores  ^  los  que  yo  abono  por  euenta  de  dicho  Sr.  Carpenter,  ni  que 
Ueguen  al  mS-ximum  de  6stos. 

6°.  Que  no  obstante  el  pago  de  estos  tipos  de  jomal,  nunca  se  obliga  d  los 
braceros  d  trabajar  m4s  de  ocho  boras  al  dia,  ni  0.  trabajar  los  domingos  y 
fiestas. 


588  ADMINISTBATION    OF   PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

7*.  Que  se  presentan  mds  trabajadores  de  los  que  se  necesitan  y  que  se  van 
cuando  les  parece  sin  que  est^n  obligados  por  anticipos  de  dinero  ni  por  ningto 
otro  medio  k  permanecer  al  servlcio  del  Sr.  Carpenter. 

Y  para  que  eonste,  por  verdad  lo  firmo  en  Manila  ^  28  de  Octubre  de  1910. 

Antonio  Marcial. 

C6dula  personal  #  G  98176. 

Expedida  en  Manila,  Julio  9,  1910. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  tbis  twenty-eighth  day  of  October,  1910. 
[SEAL.]  Thomas  Gary  Welch, 

Notary  PuUic  in  d  for  Manila,  P.  I, 
[stamp.] 
My  commission  expires  Dec.  31,  1910. 

Mr.  Hamilix)n.  Is  the  constabulary  largely  composed  of  Filipinos? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Exclusively  so,  so  far  as  soldiers  and  noncommis- 
sioned officers  are  concerned,  and  a  number  of  the  commissioned  officers. 

Mr.  Parsons.  What  proportion  of  the  commissioned  officers  are 
American  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  A  large  proportion  of  them  are  still  American. 

Mr.  Madison.  When  application  is  made  for  public  lands,  does  the 
applicant  take  possession  immediately  on  making  his  application 
and  before  it  is  granetd  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  have  no  objection 

Mr.  Madison.  Then  those  who  make  application  for  lease,  like 
these  employees  of  the  Government  did,  take  possession  of  the  land 
and  occupy  it  and  are  recognized  to  have  a  certain  possessory  right, 
is  not  that  true  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  They  would  be,  in  that  event,  recognized  as  having 
a  possessory  right  as  against  others. 

Mr.  Madison.  What  effort  is  made  to  close  up  these  transactions 
and  grant  the  applications  ?  What  time  generally  expires  between  the 
making  of  an  application  and  the  granting  or  execution  of  the  lease  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  The  effort  is  a  personal  one  on  the  part  of  the 
officers  and  employees  of  the  bureau  of  lands ;  we  urge  them  to  com- 
plete the  transactions,  because  we  are  anxious  to  rent  the  lands,  but 
we  have  never,  to  my  knowledge,  dispossessed  any  person  who  was  in 
occupation  and  engaged  in  the  cultivation  of  public  land,  unless  it 
was  in  connection  with  some  public  enterprise ;  but  you  will  under- 
stand that  they  must  not  so  hold  it  in  such  manner  as  to  interfere 
with  other  people,  and  if  this  question  should  arise  we  should  of 
course  be  obliged  to  settle  it. 

Mr.  Madison.  Why  don't  you  do  that  in  the  case  of  the  assistant 
director  of  public  lands  when  he  makes  application  for  a  thousand 
hectares,  as  in  this  case;  why  don't  you  say  to  him  we  are  now  ready 
to  make  a  lease ;  you  must  make  a  lease  or  get  off  the  land  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  that  might  have  been  done  with  great 
propriety  in  that  case. 

Mr.  Madison.  Don't  you  think  you  ought  to  do  that  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir ;  I  think  it  should  be  done. 

Mr.  Madison.  I  think  in  the  case  of  the  employees  of  the  Govern- 
ment that  ought  to  be  done ;  I  can  appreciate  the  situation  of  the  natives. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Before  they  have  completed  their  experiments  to 
determine  whether  they  can  do  anything  or  not  ? 

Mr.  Madison.  I  do  not  believe  they  should  be  permitted  to  hold 
applications  for  a  long  period  of  time  after  the  Government  is  ready 
to  make  the  lease.    Of  course,  that  is  a  matter  of  opinion. 

Mr.  Parsons.  Do  they  pay  rent? 


ADMINISTEATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS.  589 

Mr.  Worcester.  No,  sir;  not  until  the  lease  is  executed.  They 
have  to  pay  for  the  survey  in  the  first  instance.  A  survey  is  made 
in  connection  with  the  application,  and  the  cost  of  the  survey  of  a 
large  tract  may  run  from  1P200  to  F500,  depending  on  the  size 
of  the  tract.  In  the  case  of  a  small  tract  the  cost  may  run  a  great 
deal  lower  than  ^200. 

Mr.  Douglas.  They  pay  the  cost  of  the  survey,  whether  much  or 
little,  do  they  not  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  ordinarily  the  cost  is  less  than  ^200^ 
but  that  will  depend  upon  the  size  of  the  tract. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Now,  then,  having  made  applications,  are  the  appli- 
cants required — without  reference  to  whether  they  are  American  or 
Filipino — to  pay  the  cost  of  the  survey  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Douglas.  And  having  paid  the  cost  of  the  survey  and  taken 
possession  of  the  property,  he  continues  on  that  ground  without  pay- 
ing rent  until  his  lease  is  executed? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  in  that  case  the  general  procedure  would 
be  to  go  ahead  and  urge  him  to  take  out  his  lease,  but  until  the  lease 
was  executed  he  would  not  pay  rent. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Therefore  as  long  as  he  can  hold  the  land  under  his 
application  without  paying  rent  he  would  do  so  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  and  that  is  just  what  nearly  all  Filipinos 
and  many  Americans  are  doing  at  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Now,  of  course  you  can  well  appreciate  that  in  our 
country,  where  the  demand  for  land  is  great,  such  a  thing  would  be 
intolerable,  and  the  reason  they  tolerate  it  in  the  Philippines  is  be- 
cause there  are  such  vast  quantities  of  public  lands ;  the  unoccupied 
area  is  so  great  that  there  would  be  no  competition  for  it,  and  it  would 
be  better  to  have  the  lands  cultivated  than  not. 

Mr.  Worcester.  We  hope  to  get  the  people  to  take  up  the  lands, 
but  in  province  after  province  we  find  that  the  cultivated  area  is  but 
a  fraction  of  1  per  cent  of  the  entire  land  in  the  province,  and  we  do 
not  feel  disposed  to  be  severe  with  the  people  who  want  to  occupy 
the  land. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Do  you  mean  to  say  that  the  percentage  of  cultivated 
land  is  so  low  as  that — less  than  1  per  cent? 

Mr.  Worcester.  In  Mindoro,  the  cultivated  land  is  about  one- 
third  of  1  per  cent  of  the  whole  island — I  can  give  it  to  you  exactly — 
three  hundred  and  nineteen  one- thousandths  of  1  per  cent;  a  little 
less  than  one-third  of  1  per  cent  of  all  the  land  in  Mindoro  is  under 
cultivation. 

Mr.  Douglas.  What  proportion  of  the  land  in  Mindoro  is  in 
forest  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  can  not  tell  you  that;  but  nearly  all  of  the 
forest  land  on  the  island  is  suitable  for  cultivation. 

Mr.  Douglas.  This  less  than  one-third  of  1  per  cent  includes 
forest  and  miner||[  lands  of  all  kinds  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir;  the  whole  area  of  Mindoro.  All  the 
forest  lands  of  Mindoro  are  suitable  for  cultivation.  The  soil  is 
enriched  by  the  falling  and  rotting  of  the  leaves,  and  it  makes  the 
very  best  of  agricultural  land.  The  natives  insist  on  clearing  these 
forest  lands  because  of  the  great  crops  they  can  get  from  them. 

Mr.  Douglas.  Is  it  any  evidence  that  the  land  is  suitable  for  cul- 
tivation when  the  percentage  of  cultivated  land  in  Mindoro  is  so  low  ? 


590  ADMINISTRATION   OF  PHILIPPINE  LANDS. 

Mr.  Worcester.  Probably  tKe  richest  island  in  the  whole  group 
is  the  island  of  Paraqua,  or  Palawan,  as  it  is  now  called;  and  the 
figures  I  give  you  are  too  high,  because  the  figures  for  the  island  itself 
would  be  considerably  lower  than  are  those  for  the  Province.  The 
dense  population  is  not  on  the  main  island,  but  on  certain  of  the 
smaller  islands.  In  the  old  Province  of  Paraqua,  which  includes  the 
northern  part  of  the  main  island  and  numerous  small  thickly  settled 
islands,  the  total  cultivated  area  is  four  hundred  and  eghty-three 
one-thousandths  of  1  per  cent,  and  in  Paraqua  Sur  the  total  cultivated 
area  is  seventy-six  one-thousandths  of  1  per  cent.  On  the  great 
island  of  Mindanao,  which  ranks  with  Mindoro  in  the  fertility  of  its 
soil,  we  have  six  hundred  and  thirty-one  one-thousandths  of  1  per 
cent  in  cultivation,  or  a  little  more  than  one-half  of  1  per  cent. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  Does  not  this  cogon  grass  take  possession  of  some 
of  the  lands  there? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir.  Cebu  is  almost  covered  with  it,  as  well 
as  enormous  areas  in  Luzon,  Masbate,  Panay,  and  Mindanao.  In 
Mindoro  it  is  abundant  on  the  west  coast,  where  there  are  some  very 
extensive  regions  covered  with  it. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  I  understood  Capt.  Sleeper  to  say  that  the  natives 
would  cultivate  piece'"  of  this  ground  for  three  years  and  then  have 
to  abandon  it  on  account  of  this  grass ;  is  that  true  ? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Yes,  sir. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  At  the  same  time  I  understood  him  to  say,  if  I 
understood  him  correctly,  that  it  took  something  like  three  years' 
time  to  get  ground  in  proper  condition. 

Mr.  Worcester.  I  think  the  contradiction  is  apparent,  not  real. 
In  the  first  case  the  reference  was  to  forest  land.  In  the  second  to 
cogon  land.  When  forest  land  is  cleared,  the  ground  is  left  clean, 
for  the  forest  is  so  dense  that  grasses  can  not  grow  in  it.  Soon  the 
cogon  grass  invades  the  land  and  then  the  native  leases  it  and  clears 
away  more  forest.  If  he  takes  up  land  covered  with  cogon  grass, 
he  first  burns  the  grass  oif  and  plows  it  again  and  again.  One  of  the 
great  things  we  are  doing  in  the  Philippines  now  is  to  show  the 
natives  how  that  cogon  land  can  be  redeemed.  Their  own  imple- 
ments are  very  crude,  and  with  them  they  can  not  make  much  head- 
way against  the  cogon  grass.  Now,  we  have  shown  that  if  the  land 
is  thoroughly  plowed  and  the  roots  of  the  cogon  raked  out  and 
brought  to  the  surface,  where  the  sun  can  get  at  them,  the  succeeding 
growth  will  be  comparatively  light. 

Mr.  Hamilton.  How  often  must  a  piece  of  land  be  plowed  in  this 
process  of  extermination? 

Mr.  Worcester.  Three  or  four  times  the  first  year,  but  the  number 
of  plowings  will  decrease  with  each  succeeding  year.  We  have  demon- 
strated another  fact;  if  the  ground  is  closely  pastured  for  two  or 
three  years,  after  having  been  burned  over,  other  better  grasses  will 
take  the  place  of  the  cogon. 

The  Chairman.  It  is  nearly  12  o'clock,  and  as  there  is  a  demand 
for  a  quorum  in  the  House,  I  think  we  had  better  suspend  now,  if 
that  is  the  sense  of  the  committee,  and  adjourn  to  meet  on  the  5th 
of  January,  1911,  at  10  o'clock  a.  m. 

(A  motion  being  put,  the  committee  voted  to  adjourn  until  10 
o'clock  Thursday,  January  5,  1911.) 


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