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''f^Sr'} HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES { «-»-
ADMINISTRATION
OF PHILIPPINE LANDS
REPORT
BY THE COMMITTEE ON INSULAR AFFAIRS
OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF
ITS INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERIOR DE-
PARTMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERN-
MENT TOUCHING THE ADMINISTRATION OF
PHILIPPINE LANDS AND ALL MATTERS OF
FACT AND LAW PERTAINING THERETO, IN
PURSUANCE OF HOUSE RESOLUTION NO. 795
(IN TWO VOLUMES)
VOLUME 1
March 3, 1911.— Submitted by Mr. Olmsted, from the Committee on Insular
Affairs, and ordered to be printed. (To accompany H. Res. 795)
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1911
nil
COMMITTEE ON INSULAR AFFAIRS.
SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS.
Maelin E. Olmsted,
Edoab D. Crumpackeb, Ind.
Edwakd L. Hamilton, Mich.—
Chablbs E. Puller, III,
Elbebt H. Hubbard, Iowa.
William H. Gbaham, Pa.
Hebbebt Pabsons, N, Y.
Duncan E. McKinlay, Oal. *•
Chables R. Davis, Minn.
E. H. Madison, Kans.
Chables N. Fowleb, N. J.
H. C. HouTz, Clerk,
(u)
Pa., Chairman.
Albebt Douglas, Ohio.
William A. Jones, Va.
Robebt N. Page, N. C.
Finis J. Gaebett, Tenn.
Matt R. Denveb, Ohio.
Chables V. Fobnes, N. Y.
Habvey Helm, Ky.
Attebson W. Ruckeb, Colo.
TuLio Labbinaga, Pobto Rico.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
In pursuance of House Resolution No. 795, adopted on the 25th
day or June, 1910, the last day of the second session of the Sixty-first
Congress, and reading as follows :
Whereas it has been publicly charged that sales and leases of public lands have been
made in the Philippines in violation of law: Now therefore be it
Resolved, That the House Committee on Insular Affairs be, and it is hereby, empow-
ered and directed to make a complete and thorough investigation of the interior depart-
ment of the Philippine Government touching the administration of Philippine lands
and all matters of fact and law pertaining thereto, whether the same are to be had in
the United States, the Philippine Islands, or elsewhere, and to report to the House
during this Congress all the evidence taken and their findings and recommendations
thereon; that in conducting said inquiry said committee shall have power to subpa?na
and require the attendance of witnesses, to administer oaths, to require the production
of books, papers, and documents, whether of a public or private character, and to
employ necessary assistance, legal or otherwise, and make necessary expenditures, the
cost of said investigation to be paid out of the contingent fund of the House. The pow-
ers hereby conferred may be exercised while the House is in session or during the recess
of Congress by the committee or any duly appointed subcommittee thereof.
the Committee on Insular Affairs, having made the required investi-
gation, submits the following report:
We have called before us and examined at length the following
officers of the Philippine Government: Capt. Charles H. Sleeper,
director of the bureau of lands; Dean C. Worcester, secretary of the
interior; Frank W. Carpenter, executive secretary; and Ignacio Vil-
lamor, attorney general; also Rafael Del-Pan, the leading counsel
employed by the rhihppine Government in connection with the titles
to friar lands. * We required also to be brought here the records of
the Philippine Government touching land sales, from which records
much information was furnished by the Philippine officials above
named. We also called and examined John Henry Hammond,
Horace Havemeyer, Charles J. Welch, and Carl A. De Gersdorff, and
caused to be produced for examination the books of the Mindoro
Development Co. We examined also E. L. Poole, manager of the
Mindoro Development Co., 9f the San Carlos Agricultural Co., the
San Francisco Agricultural Co., and the San Mateo Agricultural Co.,
and of the San Jose estate; also Col. Frank J. McInt37Te, assistant Chief
of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, Aaron Gove, and Manuel L. Quezon,
one of the Resident Commissioners to the United States from the
Phihppine Islands.
These witnesses, after thorough examination by members of the
committee, were also, by permission of the committee, examined by
m
IV ADMINISTRATION OF PHII^IPPINE LANDS.
Representative Martin, of Colorado, the author of the resolution. Mr.
J. H. Ralston, counsel for the Anti-Imperialist League of Boston,
submitted in writing such questions as he desired, and they were pro-
Eounded by members of the committee. He also submitted a brief,
[any days were consumed in the taking of testimony, all of which is
submitted herewith and as part hereof.
The lands of the Philippine Islands may, for the purposes of this
report, be divided into three classes:
1. Private lands. — Lands which, at the time of the passage of the
act of Congress entitled ^'An act temporarily to provide for the
administration of affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands,
and for other purposes,^' approved July 1, 1902, and commonly called
the ''Organic act,^^ were, and still are, in the private ownership of
individuals or corporations as distinguished from Government owner-
ship of any kind. They are estimated at 7,000,000 acres.
2. Public lands. — These are lands which belonged to the Spanish
Crown, and by the treaty of Paris became the property of the United
States. They are estimated to contain about 60,000,000 acres.
3. Friar la^nds. — These wxre at the time of the passage of the
organic act in the private ownership of certain religious orders,
from whom, under authority of the said act, they were subsequently
purchased by the Philippine Government. They cover about
400,000 acres. They cost the Philippine government, in round
numbers, $7,000,000, and bonds to that amount were issued to pro-
vide the funds for their purchase.
LIMITATION UPON CORPORATE HOLDING OF LANDS.
Section 75 of the organic act provides as follows:
Sec. 75. That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying
and selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may
be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created,
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be
restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four
hectares of land; and it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in
agriculture or mining and for any corporation organized for any purpose except irri-
gation to be in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture or
m mining. Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and
purchase real estate when necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose
of real estate so obtained within five years after receiving the title. Corporations not
organized in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein shall be bound by the
provisions of this section so far as they are applicable.
This is a general provision and applies equally to private lands
public lands, and friar lands.
There is no limit to the amount of private lands which may be ac-
quired or owned by natural persons.
Public lands acquired by the United States under the treaty of
peace with Spain may not be sold by the Philippine Government in
quantities exceeding 16 hectares to one person or 1,024 hectares to any
corporation or association of persons. A hectare is equal to about 2^
acres.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. V
There have been 62 sales of pubHc lands made by the Philippine
Government since the passage of the organic act of 1902, covering
an area of 14,790 acres. Ten of these purchasers were corporations,
whose purchases aggregated 13,177 acres. Owing to the restric-
tions on the sale of public lands, or for some other reason, there have
been only 52 sales to individuals in tracts of 40 acres or less, their pur-
chases aggregating 1,612 acres out of the total of some 60,000,000
acres offered for sale. In no single instance has there been more than
16 hectares of public lands sold to a single person or 1,024 hectares
to a corporation or association of persons.
There is no manner of doubt that the organic act limits to 16 hec-
tares, or 40 acres, the amount of public land which one person may
acquire. Does that limitation extend to friar lands ? That question,
which will presently be discussed, is the most important one involved
in this inquiry.
There have been made 8,393 sales of friar lands. Of these sales
82 involve amounts in excess of 16 hectares, or 40 acres each.
The following table shows the name of each purchaser, the name of
the friar-land estate, the number of hectares purchased (omitting
fractions), and the sale price in pesos, 2 pesos being equal to $1 in
value:
Friar lands sales of more than 16 hectares to one person.
Purchasers.
Adriana Sevillana
Victoria Rallos
Juan P. Gordoro
Anacleto Reyes
Jacinto Ycasiano
Augustin Mariano
Policarpio de Jesus
Pedro G. Gonzales
Monica Galvez
Claro Castro
Lazaro Buktaw
Manuel Casal
Conrado Ayllon
Eustaquio Avendano
Antonio Alva
Gervacio Alejandrino
Benigno Angelo
Juan Alano
Cayetano Bernardo
Pedro Bernardo
Doroteo Bulaong
Pedro Dimagiba
Pedro Figueroa y Manalo. .
Rosenda Mendoza
Andres Pascual
Martina Rodrigo
Geronimo Angeles
Remigio Bautista
Marcelo Buenaventura
Arcadio Constantino
Patricio Cuerpo
Esteban Daes ,
Faustino Duke
Rayraundo Duran ,
Estanislao Francisco ,
Florencio Gregorio
Patricia Miranda
Roman Ramos
Nemesio Delfin Santiago..,
Gualberto Santos ,
Pascuala Serrano
Estate.
Banilad
do
do
Danipol
---.do
do
do
do
-.-.do
-.-.do
--..do
do
-.-.do
do
do
--..do
do
Guiguinto..
do
do
do
do
do
.--.do
do.....
do
Malinta
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Total
area.
Hectares.
19
25
18
39
26
39
20
59
63
24
43
127
44
65
20
37
38
26
27
19
17
19
17
53
19
29
16
29
41
31
30
46
25
16
17
16
37
19
49
18
39
Price.
PI, 184. 58
1, 509. 84
25, 995. 91
6,633.97
4,869.13
6,964.26
3, 679. 22
10,999.41
11, 764. 09
4,818.11
7, 644. 14
24,372.71
8,114.78
12,306.07
3,577.86
7,001.00
6, 798. 00
5, 015. 44
5,803.38
4,038.00
3,583.88
3,877.00
3, 194. 98
10, 163. 04
3,621.99
6,037.91
2,270.18
2,967.64
5,784.12
7,445.32
6,295.64
9,926.26
6,068.18
2,800.72
1,360.72
2,156.96
13,136.20
2,795.12
9,266.42
2,527.16
6,748.38
VI ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPHSTE LANDS.
Friar lands sales of more than 16 hectares to one person — Continued.
Purchasers.
Estate.
Total
area.
Price.
Tiburcio Serrano
Rufino D. Valenzuela
Joaquina Lanson
Vicente Rodriguez
Esperanza Monjon
Macario Santos
F. J. Banyea and Joseph PoUacek.
Estanislao Espeleta
Bayanan plantation syndicate
E. L. Poole
Francisco Mendoza
Leonardo Alagabre
Francisca Alineda
Petronila Almodovar
Francisco Arambulo
Florencio Baillon
Angel Bantatua
Sotero Battallanes
Narciso Batiller *.
Doroteo Carteciano
Gregorio Carteciano
Petrona Gomez
Antonio G onzales
Francisco Gonzales
Ursula de Guzman
Teodorico Layon
Marcelo Leyco ,
Antonio Lijauco
Emilio Lijauco
Teodora Lijauco
Nicolas Limcaoco
Maria Manguerra
Z. K.Miller
Tumas Nepomoceno
Pablo Perlas
Pedro Perlas
Viturina de los Reyes
Delfin Vallejo
Ponciano Vallejo
Andres Zavalla
Angel Zavalla
Malinta
do
Orion
--..do
--..do
do
Muntinlupa.,
do ,
do
San Jose
San Marcos . .
Santa Rosa . .
do
....do
....do
.--.do
.-..do ,
do ,
do
---.do ,
---.do
.--.do ,
do ,
do ,
-.-.do ,
---.do ,
....do
--..do ,
....do ,
....do
-...do ,
....do ,
--..do
....do ,
.-..do ,
do..
do
....do
-.-.do
do
..-.do
Hectares.
22
21
19
22
21
74
308
42
123
22, 484
87
23
72
15
20
24
33
24
66
60
36
17
35
18
47
18
20
22
36
24
19
22
66
29
46
121
34
32
16
120
51
P3,937.76
3,875.00
3,078.93
3, 493. 82
2,753.72
1,244.37
10,740.32
2,953.P0
4,133.00
734,000.00
14, 839. 50
5, 988. 76
15,968.09
3,653.52
. 5, 572. 52
5, 189. 72
7, 574. 40
4, 702. 44
13, 126. 80
9, 794. 32
8,907.80
4, 232. 88
8,530.76
4, 475. 80
11,995.80
4, 621. 24
6, 070. 84
5, 762. 64
8, 510. 36
6, 424. 20
3,732.00
5, 248. 36
12,774.64
7, 726. 32
10, 010. 32
23,542.62
7, 376. 16
8, 180. 36
369. 40
29, 929. 78
11,849.68
Of the 82 persons who have thus purchased more than 16 hectares
each of friar lands, 78 are FiHpinos and 4 are Americans. Four hun-
dred and ninety-two persons have outstanding leases of more than 16
hectares each of friar lands. Four hundred and seventy-five of such
lessees are Filipinos, 15 are Americans, and 2 Englishmen. The most
of these leases are for one year. A few of them are for shorter (p. 208)
and a few for longer periods. Some of them contain specific options
to purchase, as in the case of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, who acquired
possession of 1,050 hectares under a lease with an option to purchase,
and as construed by the officials of the Philippine Government
every lease of friar lands involves an option to purchase. If any
of tnese sales or leases in excess of 16 hectares to one person were
illegal they were all illegal whether the purchasers were Filipinos
or Americans.
The principal sale of friar lands, the one which had attracted most
attention, and the one which led to the introduction and passage of
this resolution of inquiry, was the sale to E. L. Poole, of the San Jose
estate, on the island of Mindoro, comprising 22,484 hectares.
ADMIIsriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. VII
THE FRIAR LANDS.
The so-called friar lands were for a long time owned by certain reli-
gious orders. They covered, as already stated, about 400,000 acres.
About one-half of them were unoccupied and practically untenanted.
The other half was very thickly peopled. The tenants and their sub-
tenants, with their families and servants, numbered more than
161,000. The friars were persons of great power and influence in
their respective communities and were supposed to be in close touch
with the Spanish Government. This and the allegation that they
were oppressive landlords led to their being driven from their parishes
to Manila during the insurrection against Spain, which preceded the
Spanish- American War. When that war had ceased and peace been
restored the friars sought possession of their lands. The tenants
themselves setting up claims of ownership refused either to pay rent
or to surrender possession.
Where such powerful interests and so many persons were concerned,
the situation was very difficult and threatened the peace of the
islands.
To correct and cure these evils. Congress, in the act of 1902, which
will be discussed a little later, provided for the purchase of these
lands by the Philippine Government, with authority to borrow money
for that purpose, issue bonds to the amount thereof, and, the friar
titles being thus acquired, to sell the lands and apply the proceeds to
the redemption of the bonds — the occupants being given the prefer-
ence in the matter of purchase. The negotiations with the friars
were largely conducted by William H. Taft, now President of the
United States, but then Governor General of the Philippine Islands.
It is a matter of history that, for the purpose of securing the relin-
quishment of the friar titles, he visited and conferred with the Pope
at Rome. There were certain of the unoccupied friar lands which the
Government was not very anxious to purchase, but the friars would
not sell the others without them, so they were taken along with the
rest, but at lower prices.
THE SALE OF THE SAN JOSE ESTATE.
The largest unoccupied tract of friar land acquired by the Philip-
pine Government was the vSan Jose estate, situated in the south-
western part of the island of Mindoro, and having an area of 22,484
hectares, or a little over 56,000 acres. This large unoccupied tract
the friars had insisted should be included along with the thickly
populated estates, and the Government deemed it wise, in any event,
to secure, as far as possible, the departure of the friars from the islands
and to prevent their return to their estates, which latter reason
afforded additional cause for the purchase.
The island of Mindoro is distant about 165 nautical miles from
Manila, requiring about 24 hours to make the trip. The whole
island contains something more than 2,500,000 acres. Although
the land is said to be fertile, only about one-third of 1 per cent of it is
under cultivation. About 4 per cent of the total area of the
island is in private ownership, and the remainder, with the exception
of the San Jos6 estate, is public land, offered for sale at about $2
per acre. The original cost of this estate to the Philippine Govern-
VIII ADMIISriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
ment was $298,782.07. It was producing no revenue, but cost-
ing something for care and attention. The interest upon the bonds
representing the cost price was also a very considerable item. Under
these circumstances, the Government ofRcials were anxious to effect a
sale as soon as possible, and the limitations, which the original Philip-
pine friar lands act imposed upon sales, having been removed by a sub-
sequent amendment, they issued a prospectus, offered the estate for
sale, and at every opportunity brought it to the attention of persons
whom they thought might become purchasers. The first person whom /;
they were able to induce to visit the estate, with the idea of purchase, '.
was J. Montgomery Strong, a banker of Little Falls, N. J., who went ]
there in March, 1909, and who, it now appears, represented Horace )
Havemeyer and Charles J. Welch, the latter being his relative by
marriage. He did not disclose to the Philippine officials the names
of those whom he represented. Up to that time no offer had been
made for any portion of the San Jose estate, nor had a single acre of
public land been sold on the island. Mr. Strong did not report very
favorably to his clients upon the San Jose estate, but recommended
the purchase of certain private lands situated near thereto, and which
could be had at lower prices.
Mr. John Henry Hammond, a prominent New York attorney, was
employed by Horace Havemeyer on behalf of himself, Charles J.
¥7elch, and Senff to investigate and report upon the Philippine land
laws, particularly as touching the rights of corporations in the islands.
He called at the Bureau of Insular Affairs in Washington, and, in the
absence of Gen. Clarence Edwards, chief of the bureau, had a con-
versation with the assistant chief, Col. Frank Mclntyre. In that
conversation he in some way gained the impression that there was a
limitation upon the amount of friar land which could or would be sold
to a single purchaser. Col. Mclntyre testifies that he never inten-
tionally gave such an impression, except as to purchases by corpora-
tions. He understood that they could hold only 1,024 hectares, but
the department had always understood that since the amendment to
the friar lands act there was no limit to the amount which could be
sold to individuals.
Mr. Hammond testifies that his clients had contemplated the pur-
chase of private lands. ^ 'There was, ^^ he says, ^ ^the question of occu-
pancv and whether occupancy had ripened into title or not, and my
recollection is that where lands had been occupied for a certain num-
ber of years and you could not prove actual title, that by going to the
Government it would perfect the title in some manner. I can not tell
you exactly what it was, because I did not go into it from the stand-
point of the legal title; I was taking it largely from what Mr. Welch
said, what he appeared to know, that it was defective in some way,
but could be cured,'' and that ^'I know it was mentioned, and I
remember particularly that there were some questions about the
title, and a title that might be cured by Government action, because
that was one of the determining factors in my mind as to whether
my firm had better withdraw, because we might have to go, on their
behalf, to Government officials and ask to have this defective title
cured'' (741); and further, that ^'I came to the conclusion that, by
reason of the fact that I am a member of the firm of Strong & Cada-
walader, of which Mr. Henry W. Taft, brother of the President of the
ADMTNISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. ' IX
United States, is also a member, it would be inadvisable for me to
act for these gentlemen in connection with their proposed purchase
of either public lands or friar lands or lands in the Philippines to
which the title was defective/' He says, ^^My firm as a firm really
had nothing to do with the matter; I was the only member who
knew anything whatever about it, except the two letters which I
wrote to Mr. Taft on the subject, in which I discussed with him the
advisability of our acting for these gentlemen. I entirely severed
my connection with the matter on the 29th of September, 1909. ''
The legal end of the matter was then intrusted to Mr. Carl A. DeGers-
dorff , a member of the law firm of Cravath, Henderson & De Gersdorff .
Mr. J. Montgomery Strong, of whom mention has been made, was
not a member of the law firm of Strong & Cadawalader and is not a
lawyer at all, but a banker. Mr. Hammond testifies that the original
purpose of his clients was to form a corporation for the purpose of
purchasing lands in the Philippines; but, having examined the law
m that regard, he advised adversely. He says: ^'My recollection is,
roughly, that you could not prevent, under the treaty with Spain, an
individual Filipino from selling his lands to anybody whom he
pleased, but that whether a corporation could hold it after it got it
was another matter. My clients did not want any doubtful titles. ''
The purchase of private lands seems to have been abandoned, as
well as the purchase of public lands, and the parties finally determined
to purchase the friar lands embraced in what is known as the San
Jose estate.
October 12, 1909, E. L. Poole and P. A. Prentiss called at the office
of the director of lands in Manila, and informed him that they were
contemplating the purchase of certain private lands in the island of
Mindoro for the purpose of embarking in the sugar business. The
director of lands endeavored to interest Mr. Poole in the San Jose
estate, and was told that their attorney had been informed at Wash-
ington that friar lands could not be purchased in large tracts. The
secretary of the interior showed them the law upon the subject and
persuaded them to visit the estate. Mr. Poole informed the director
of lands that he represented Mr. Welch, of W^elch & Co. After
visiting the estate, Mr. Poole expressed a desire to purchase it,
subject to the opinion of his attorney as to the power of the Gov-
ernment to give title. The question having been raised, the director
of lands obtained the opinion of the law officer of his bureau, and on
the 12th of October, 1909, requested also the opinion of the attorney
general of the Philippine Islands as to the authority to sell vacant
and unoccupied friar lands to an individual without restriction as to
purchase, ^oth of these decided in favor of the power to sell.
Mr. Poole having concluded to purchase the San Jose estate, a
sale certificate was issued to him setting forth that the Government
of the Philippine Islands had, upon the 23d day of November, 1909,
'^agreed to sell to E. L. Poole, vendee, a resident of the city of Manila,
Philippine Islands, or his nominees, '^ the San Jose estate, containing
22,484 hectares, for which he was to pay 734,000 pesos in installments,
the first payment of 42,875 pesos to be made January 4, 1910, as of
which date the sale was to become effective, and the unpaid balance
to be paid in 19 equal annual installments of 36,375 pesos each, with
X ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
interest at 4 per cent per annum. Upon the payment of 42,975
pesos January 4, 1910, the Government was to convey to Poole or
nis nominees ^'200 hectares, to be designated by the vendee, in a
single tract ^^ within the limits of the estate, the balance thereof
to be conveyed ^'upon completion of the payment of the purchase
price as hereinbefore stated, together with all accrued interest/'
That certificate, although made out November 23, 1909, was not
signed by the secretary of the interior of the Philippines until a
later date, he having received a cablegram from the Chief of the
Bureau of Insular Affairs stating that the Secretary of War desired
information by cable with reference to the proposed sale, and that it
should not be consummated until he had considered the question.
December 4, 1909, the Governor General was informed by cable
that the Secretary of War approved the sale of the San Jose
estate, and that, at the request of counsel for the purchasers, the
question of the right of the Philippine Government to sell would be
submitted at once to the Attorney General of the United States for
his opinion. This submission was at the request of Mr. De Gersdorff ,
counsel for the intended purchasers. The opinion of the Attorney
General in favor of the power to sell accompanies this report. The
law officer of the bureau of lands and the attorney general of the
Philippine Islands already had decided in favor of the power to sell.
The amount originally paid for this estate by the Philij)pine
Government was $298,782.07. The price fixed in sale certificate
No. 1, above referred to, was $367,000 (734,000 pesos).
The Governor General, having learned that the Bureau of Insular
Affairs at Washington had questioned the authority for such a sale,
officers cabled the Secretary of War at Washington as follows:
[Translation of cablegram received.]
October 22, 1909.
Secretary of War, Washington:
Prentis and Poole desire to purchase unoccupied sugar lands on San Jose Mar
estates, Mindoro; say Hammond was informed by the Bureau of Insular Affairs an
individual can not purchase more than 40 acres friar lands. Can not understand this,
as acts 1847 and 1933 were passed amending friar-land act to give Government right
to sell vacant friar lands without restriction as to area. Attorney general concurs in
the opinion that this has been accomplished. Please confirm by telegraph to satisfy
these gentlemen.
Forbes.
On the same day Col. Mclntyre wrote Mr. Hammond, correcting
the impression which he seemed to have received, and calling atten-
tion to the law, which, he claimed, made it clear that friar estates
may be sold to individuals without limitation as to area. Mr. Ham-
mond replied that he had withdrawn from the case.
January 4, 1910, Mr. Poole made the down payment of 42,875
pesos; sale certificate No. 1 was canceled and sale certificates Nos.
2 and 3 issued in lieu thereof. Sale certificate No. 2 covered all of
the San Jose estate ^^ except a tract of 4,200 hectares of said hacienda,
which is the subject of sale certificate No. 3 executed by the parties
hereto contemporaneously herewith, to which reference is hereby
made.^' Sale certificate No. 3 covered the remaining 4,200 hectares
of the estate, and located the same according to a description therein
contained, with the provision, however, that the ''foregoing descrip-
tion is provisional, and shall be altered, if necessary, to conform to tne
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XI
wishes of the vendee, who shall be entitled, at any time within six
months of the date of this instrument, to change the description, or
to substitute for the land above described'' other lands within the
estate. Subsequently, sale certificate No. 3 was amended so as to
give the definite and agreed description of the 4,200 hectares. Sale
certificates Nos. 2 and 3 provide the same aggregate consideration
and terms of sale as certincate No. 1. In sale certificate No. 1 the
Government agreed to sell to E. L. Poole '^or his nominees." In
the other certificates the language is ^^his corporate or individual
nominees.'' Sale certificate No. 2 provides that:
If, before the final conveyance of said land by the vendor, the vendee shall transfer
or assign his interest in all or any part thereof to one or more assignees, then this agree-
ment shall be canceled as to the part or parts so transferred or assigned and new agree-
ments of like tenor executed by and between the vendor and such assignees, and the
balance of the purchase price then remaining unpaid, together with accrued interest
thereon, shall be apportioned to the vendee and his assignees, according to area.
In pursuance of that provision Mr. Poole subsequently designated
the Mindoro Development Co. as his assignee of 200 hectares, and on
November 7, 1910, the Philippine Government issued to that com-
pany a deed for that amount of land. The balance of the estate still
stands in the name of Edward L. Poole; but it appears from the evi-
dence before the committee that, on the 9th day of March, 1910, he
executed a deed of trust, setting forth that, in making the purchase,
he was acting as the agent of Horace Havemeyer, Charles J. Welch,
and Charles H. Senft (Senff), who furnished him the money with
which he paid for the property, and in which he agrees ^^ to convey the
said property to such persons, firms, or corporations as the said per-
sons shall from time to time direct/'
Horace Havemeyer is a young man 24 years of age. He was at
the time of the purchase of the San Jose estate a director of the
American Sugar Refining Co., the so-called Sugar Trust, but severed
his connection with that company January 1, 1911. His father,
who had been the president of the American Sugar Refining Co.,
had no interest in the purchase of the San Jose estate, having died
before that transaction was entered into by his son. Neither the
young man nor his father's estate are at the present time stockholders
m the American Sugar Refining Co., and the inference from his
testimony is that the relations between him and that company are
somewhat strained.
Charles J. Welch, one of the purchasers of the San Jose estate,
has never been an officer, agent, or director of the American Sugar
Refining Co., and is not a stockholder therein.
Charles H. Senff is a retired business man of advanced age. He
had at one time been vice president of the American Sugar Refining
Co., but retired from that position some years ago, and on the 1st
of January, 1908 or 1909, ceased to be a director.
The familiarity of the public with the names Havemeyer and
Senff for a number of years in connection with the American Sugar
Refining Co. gave rise to the impression, widely circulated, that the
purchase of the San Jose estate was made by, or either* directly or
indirectly in the interest of, the Sugar Trust. It appears, however,
from the emphatic and uncontradicted testimony m the case, that
the American Sugar Refining Co. was not in any way whatever,
directly or indirectly, concerned in the purchase, and that it is not
XII ADMINISTRATIOH OF PHILIPPIKE LANDS.
engaged in the production of cane and manufacture of the juice into
raw sugar, but so far as cane sugar is concerned confines its opera-
tions to the purchase of raw sugar and the refining thereof. It also
owns stock in corporations manufacturing beet sugar.
It would seem from the evidence that, w4th the exception of Horace
Havemeyer, the directors of the American Sugar Refining Co. had
no knowledge of the purchase of the Sun Jose estate until they read
of it in the newspapers, when they expressed dissatisfaction that one
of the directors should have been concerned in the purchase.
Charles J. Welch is vice president and the owner of about 20 per
cent of the stock of Welch & Co., a California corporation domg
a commission business in sugar. The Welch family own 50 per cent
of the stock. The American Sugar Refining Co. has no interest in it.
Mr. Havemeyer, Mr. Welch, and Mr. Senff are all engaged in the
raising of cane and production of raw sugar, or are interested in cor-
porations which are so engaged, in Cuba; Mr. Welch in Hawaii, and
Mr. SenfF in Porto Rico.
E. L. Poole, in whose name the purchase of the San Jose estate was
made, acted solely as the agent of Messrs. Havemeyer, Welch, and
Senff. He himself had no interest therein and no other person has
now, or has had any interest therein, except the said Havemeyer,
Welch, and SenfF. They caused to be chartered under the laws of
New Jersey a corporation known as the Mindoro Development Co.,
with very broad, general powers, similar to those frequently granted
by that State. These powers can be exercised in the Philippine
Islands, however, only to the extent that they are permitted by the
laws thereof or the act of Congress relating thereto. This company
can not hold more than 1,024 hectares of land. As a matter of fact,
it does own only 200 hectares. Its capital stock now paid in is
$750,000, of which one-third was contributed by each of the purchasers
of the San Jose estate. As more capital is needed, it is in contempla-
tion to sell shares to other parties. It is the intention of this company
to erect a large modern sugar centrale, and this work has already
been commenced. It is expected that this company will buy the
sugar cane which may be produced upon the San Jose estate, and
manufacture the juice thereof into raw sugar. The company has
constructed, or contemplates the construction of, a private railroad
about 11 miles in length, to transport the products of the centrale to
the harbor in Mangarin Bay. The shore Ime of this harbor is about
13 miles in length. The Mindoro Development Co. has acquired
what is known as a "foreshore lease,' ^ covering about 1,000 feet of that
shore line. The Government owns or controls the land between the
low tide and high tide lines, constituting what is commonly called
the ''Foreshore/^ Such a lease was therefore necessary to enable
the company to erect the necessary docks and piers for the loading
and unloading of vessels.
The San Jose estate belonged originally to the '^Recoletos,'^ an
order of priests belonging to the "shod Augustinians,^' so called by
way of distinguishing them from the "barefoot Augustinians." Prior
to the sale to the Philippine Government, these priests kept a few
Eeople upon the island in charge of cattle which were there pastured,
ut during the insurrection against Spain and the Spanish- American
War, these cattle were sold or disappeared, and those m charge of them
departed, so that when Mr. Poole visited the estate in the interest
ABMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XIII
of the intending purchasers he found upon the entire 56,000 acres
only one occupant, an ex-convict who was engaged in the business of
catching wild carabao. At the present time there are about 800
Filipinos employed on the estate, who are paid considerably better
wages than are received for like work in other parts of the islands.
In a modern sugar mill, about 95 per cent or the juice of cane is
extracted and utilized. In the old-fashioned small centrales now in
use in a few parts of the island, only about 60 per cent is secured.
There seems to have been some feeling that the erection of the
improved mill would be prejudicial to the interests of the owners of
the old-fashioned mills. Considerable opposition was aroused be-
cause of the supposed purchase by the Sugar 1rust ; but the principal
objection there exists among those who are desirous of the immediate
independence of the islands from American control in view of their
belief that the investment of American capital in the islands will tend
to delay, perhaps indefinitely, such independence. W ith that question
we are not called upon to deal in this report. From a purely
business point of view, the sale of the San Jose estate was a wise
transaction for the Philippine Government. The purchase price was
about $70,000 in excess of the original price paid for the estate. The
Government is relieved of an interest charge of about $11,950 per
annum, putting $367,000 in the sinking fund for the redemption
of its outstanding friar-land bonds, and the estate, which has hereto-
fore been nonproductive and nontaxable, is now subject to taxation
for all governmental purposes. That it could not have been sold so
advantageously in small quantities under the restrictions applicable
to public lands is manifest from the fact that the Government has
been unable to sell a single acre of the public lands immediately
adjoining, which are offered at $2 per acre in 40-acre tracts, subject
to the provisions of occupation, cultivation, and nonalienation or
encumbrance for a period of five years. The remaining unoccupied
friar lands which could be offered in large blocks are as follows :
Statement showing the area of unoccupied lands on the varioiis friar estates Jan. 1, 1911 ^
showing the approximate size of the vacant tracts.
Acres.
Binan estate, Laguna Province 725
The bulk of this area is in one tract in the southwestern part of the estate.
Muntinlupa, Laguna Province 2, 460
The vacant land lies in the southeastern portion of the estate and the great
bulk of the area is in one tract.
Santa Rosa, Laguna Province 1, 300
Probably not over 400 acres of this is in one tract.
Calamba, Laguna Province 18, 450
This, with the exception of a few small tracts, consists of practically three
large tracts of 5,000 acres or over.
Naic, Cavite Province 9, 075
This consists of practically two tracts ; one in the northeastern portion of
the estate of about 6,000 acres and the other on the southern end of the
estate of about 2,500 acres; the balance is in small parcels.
San Francisco de Malabon, Cavite Province 13,900
Practically all in one tract.
Santa Cruz de Malabon, Cavite Province 14, 700
Practically all in one tract, adjoining the vacant land on the S. ^. de
Malabon and the Naic estates.
ImuB, Cavite 22,500
Practically all in one tract and adjoins the S. F. de Malabon estate.
Santa Maria de Pandi, Bulacan Province 4, 126
This is in scattered parcels not exceeding 100 acres in any one parcel.
XIV
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Acres.
Orion, Bataan Province 175
One parcel of about 100 acres; balance in small parcels.
Talisay, Cebu Province 10, 000
This is practically one entire tract on which occupants have leased small
areas here and there,
leabela, Isabela Province 48, 622
Total 146, 023
The above, statement shows that there is vacant and available for
sale or lease the following large tracts of friar lands :
Estates.
Number
of tracts.
Area.
Isabela
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
Acres.
48,622
40,000
6,000
15,000
2,400
700
Cavite
Do
Laguna
Do
Do
Do
400
Talisay
10 000
123,122
» Each.
Some or all of the same reasons exist for selling these lands in
quantities larger than 40 acres, and, in view of the fact that their total
constitutes so small a portion of the total acreage of the islands
which is subject to limited sales only, it may be urged that the sale of
these remaining friar lands in larger quantities could not be considered
as establishing or favoring a policy for the acquisition of the islands,
or any considerable portion thereof, by a few corporations, trusts, or
individuals. But, however desirable it may have been to sell the
San Jose estate as an entirety, or however desirable it may be to sell
the remaining unoccupied friar lands in tracts larger than 40 acres
each, if the law forbids such sales, they can not legally be made and
the purchasers do not hold by good titles. What, then, is the
present law upon the subject? The opinions of I^ouis C. Knight,
attorney, bureau of lands of the Philippines; of Ignacio Villa-
mor, attorney general of the Philippine Islands; and of George W.
Wickersham, Attorney General of tlie United States, upon the one
hand, and of Moorfield Storey, of Boston, upon the other, are sub-
mitted as exhibits hereto, in order that those interested in the subject
may consider them in connection with this report. There has not
been disclosed the slightest irregularity or impropriety on the part of
Dean C. Worcester, the secretary of the interior; Capt. Charles H.
Sleeper, the director of the bureau of lands; the War Department or
the Bureau of Insular Affairs at Washington; or any other oflicial,
either of the Philippine Government or the United States Govern-
ment, in connection with the purchase and sale of the San Jose estate.
It was a perfectly plain and square business transaction. Even if it
shall be determined that the law prohibited the sale of more than 16
hectares, the officials who made the sale can not be blamed, as they
acted in pursuance of legal opinions which they were in duty bound
to accept. But what is the law ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XV
CERTAIN SECTIONS OF THE ACT OF CONGRESS APPROVED JULY 1, 1902, DEAL
SPECIFICALLY WITH LANDS ACQUIRED BY THE UNITED STATES UNDER
THE TREATY OF PEACE WITH SPAIN, AND CONSTITUTING THE PUBLIC
DOMAIN OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE PHILIPPINE! ISLANDS. DO THE
PROVISIONS OF THOSE SECTIONS APPLY ALSO TO THE FRIAR LANDS,
WHICH DO NOT NOW, AND NEVER DID, BELONG TO THE UNITED STATES,
BUT AT THE TIME OF THE PASSAGE OF SAID ACT WERE IN PRIVATE OWN-
ERSHIP, AND BY SUBSEQUENT PURCHASE BECAME THE PROPERTY OF
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE UPLANDS?
The act of Congress entitled "An act temporarily to provide for
the administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine
Islands, and for other purposes," approved July 1, 1902, and com-
monly called "The organic act," is a very long act, divided into 88
sections, covering a great variety of subjects.
Certain of these sections relate specifically to lands in the Philippine
Islands belonging to the United States, having been acquired by our
Government from the Spanish Crown under the treaty of Paris.
Those which need be considered here are sections 12 to 17, both in-
clusive, which read as follows :
Sec. 12. That aU the property and rights which may have been acquired in the
Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with Spain,
signed December tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, except such land or
other property as shall be designated by the President of the United States for
military and other reservations of the Government of the United States, are
hereby placed under the control of the Government of said islands to be ad-
ministered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof, except as provided in
this act.
Sec. 13. That the government of the Philippine Islands, subject to the pro-
visions of this act and except as herein provided, shall classify according to its
agricultural character and productiveness, and shall immediately make rules
and regulations for the lease, sale, or other disposition of the public lands other
than timber or mineral lands, but such rules and regulations shall not go into
effect or have the force of law until they have received the approval of the
President, and when approved by the President they shall be submitted by him
to Congress at the beginning of the next ensuing session thereof and unless
disapproved or amended by Congress at said session they shall at the close
of such period have the force and effect of law in the Philippine Islands:
Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed sixteen hectares in
extent.
Sec. 14. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized
and empowered to enact rules and regulations and to prescribe terms and con-
ditions to enable persons to perfect their title to public lands in said islands,
who, prior to the transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the United States, had
fulfilled all or some of the conditions required by the Spanish laws and royal
decrees of the Kingdom of Spain for the acquisition of legal title thereto, yet
fail to secure conveyance of title ; and the Philippine Commission is authorized
to issue patents, without compensation, to any native of said islands, convey-
ing title to any tract of land not more than sixteen hectares in exent, which
were public lands and had been actually occupied by such native or his
ancestors prior to and on the thirteenth of August, eighteen hundred and ninety-
eight.
Sec. 16. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized
and empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to
provide for the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers
and other citizens of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain,
other than timber and mineral lands of the United States in said islands, as it
may deem wise, not exceeding sixteen hectares to any one person, and for the
sale and conveyance of not more than one thousand and twenty-four hectares
to any corporation or association of persons : Provided, That the grant or sale
of such lands, whether the purchase price be paid at once or in partial payments,
shall be conditioned upon actual and continued occupancy, improvement, and
XVI ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
cultivation of the premises sold for a period of not less than five years, during
which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate or encumber said land
or the title thereto, but such restriction shall not apply to transfers of rights
and title of inheritance under the laws for the distribution of the estates of
decedents.
Sec. 16. That in granting or selling any part of the public domain under the
provisions of the last preceding section, preference in all cases shall be given
to actual occupants and settlers ; and such public lands of the United States in
the actual possession or occupancy of any native of the Philippine Islands shall
not be sold by said government to any other person without the consent thereto
of said prior occupant or settler first had and obtained : Provided, That the
prior right hereby secured to an occupant of land, who can show no other proof
of title than possession, shall not apply to more than sixteen hectares in one
tract.
Sec. 17. That timber, trees, forests, and forest products on lands leased or
demised by the government of the Philippine Islands under the provisions of
this act shall not be cut, destroyed, removed, or appropriated except by special
permission of said government and under such regulations as it may prescribe.
All moneys obtained from lease or sale of any portion of the public domain
or from licenses to cut timber by the government of the Philippine Islands shall
be covered into the insular treasury and be subject only to appropriation for
insular purposes according to law.
It is clear that, standing by themselves, these sections do not deal
with private lands or with lands which then were, or might there-
after become, the property of the government of the Philijopine
Islands. Their operation is, by their very terms, confined to " property
and rights which have been acquired in the Philippine Islands by the
United States under the treaty of peace with Spain" (sec. 12);
" public lands " (sec. 13) ; " public lands in said islands which had been
the subject of transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the United
States" (sec. 14); "the public domain * * * of the United
States in said islands " (sec. 15) ; " public lands of the United States "
(sec. 16) ; "public domain" (sec. 17).
The terms "public domain " and " public lands," when used in an
act of Congress without qualifying words, are always descriptive of
property of the United States, and no other.
The sections quoted do not in themselves contain any reference to
the so-called friar lands, which were not the property of the Spanish
Crown; were not acquired by our Government under the treaty of
peace ; and do not now, nor ever did, constitute any portion of the
" public land " or " public domain of the United States." The friar
lands were, at the time of the treaty of peace, and at the time of the
passage of the act of Congress of 1902, in private ownership. Some
six years after the treaty of Paris, and two years after the passage of
the organic act, they were purchased by the Philippine government
in pursuance of authority contained in sections 63, 64, and 65, as
follows :
Sec. 63. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized,
subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act, to acquire, re-
ceive, hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property, and may
acquire real estate for public uses by the exercise of the right of eminent
domain.
Sec. 64. That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section sixty-three may
also be exercised in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and here-
ditaments which, on the thirteenth of August, eighteen hundred and ninety-
eight, were owned or held by associations, corporations, communities, religious
orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and in such man-
ner as in the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace and wel-
fare of the people of the Philippine Islands. And for the purpose of provid-
ing funds to acquire the lands mentioned in this section said government of
the Philippine Islands is hereby empowered to incur indebtedness, to borrow
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XVII
money, and to issue, and to sell at not less than par value, in gold coin of
the United States of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in
money of said islands, upon such terms and conditions ^s it may deem best,
registered or coupon bonds of said government for such amount as may be
necessary; said bonds to be in denominations of fifty dollars or any multiple
thereof, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding four and a half per centum per
annum, payable quarterly, and to be payable at the pleasure of said government
after dates named in said bonds, not less than five nor more than thirty years
from the date of their issue, together with interest thereon, in gold coin of
the United States of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in
money of said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from the payment of all
taxes or duties of said government, or any local authority therein, or of the
Government of the United States, as well as from taxation in any form by or
under State, municipal, or local authority in the United States or the Philippine
Islands. The moneys which may be realized or received from the issue and sale
of said bonds shall be applied by the government of the Philippine Islands to
the acquisition of the property authorized by this section, and to no other
purposes.
Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall
constitute a part and portion of the public property of the government of the
Philippine Islands, and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily
for a period not exceeding three years after their acquisition by said govern-
ment on such terms and conditions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations
and conditions provided for in this act: Provided, That all deferred payments
and the interest thereon shall be payable in the money prescribed for the
payment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized to be issued in pay-
ment of said lands by the preceding section and said deferred payments shall
bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All money realized or received
from sales or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall con-
stitute a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds,
and also constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their ma-
turity. Actual settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the
government shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or ac-
quire their holdings within such reasonable time as may be determined by said
government.
NoAvhere in these sections are the friar lands spoken of as " public
lands" or as constituting " parts and portions of the public domain
of the United States in said islands."
Section 64 authorized the Philippine Government to purchase the
lands of the religious orders and, for the purpose of providing the
necessary funds, to issue and sell bonds, the proceeds thereof to be
applied to the acquisition of the said lands and to no other purpose.
Section 65 authorizes the Philippine Government to sell all lands
acquired by virtue of the preceding section " on such teruis and condi-
tions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions pro-
vided for in this act." and requires all moneys realized from said sales
to be placed in a trust fund or sinking fund for the payment of the
principal and interest of said bonds. Does the phrase " subject to the
limitations and conditions provided for in this act " bring forward and
extend to these friar lands, purchased by the Philippine Government
with its own money, and for which it is to reimburse itself out of the
proceeds of their sales, all the restrictions placed by sections 12 to 17
upon the acquisition of lands belonging to the United States but which
that Government was practically giving away for the benefit of the
Filipino people in the manner and upon the terms it chose to adopt for
that purpose? Does that language extend to the friar lands owned
by the Philippine Government the provisions of those sections which,
standing by themselves, deal only with lands owned by the United
States? The Philippine Legislature and the Philippine officials did
not so construe it.
82278° - H. Rept. 2289, 61-3 2
XVIII ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Section 15 of the organic act required legislation by the Philippine
Government providing for the sale of public lands of the United
States. Section 65 required legislation prescribing terms and con-
ditions for sales of friar lands belonging to the Philippine Govern-
ment. The Philippine Legislature passed Act No. 926, entitled " The
public-lands act," which was amended by Act No. 979, approved
October 7, 1903. The second chapter of this act limited the purchase
of public lands by a corporation to 1,024 hectares and by an indi-
vidual to 16 hectares, and it provided that " no association of persons
not organized as above and no mere partnership shall be entitled to
purchase a greater quantity than will equal 16 hectares for each
member thereof." Subsequently the legislature passed Act No. 1120,
known as the " friar lands act," in the preamble of which it is set
forth that —
the said lands are not " pubUc lands " in the sense in which those words
are used in the public-land act * * * g^^d can not be acquired or leased
under the provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper agencies for
carrying out the terms of said contract of purchase and the requirements of
said act of Congress with reference to the leasing and selling of said lands and
the creation of a sinking fund to secure the payment of the bonds so issued.
The ninth section of this so-called friar-lands act required of the
chief of the bureau of public lands that " in making such sales he
shall proceed as provided in chapter 2 of the public-lands act." This
was properly construed by the Philippine officials as imposing the
same limitations upon the sale of friar lands as had been in their
public-lands act imposed upon the sale of public lands. It was very
soon discovered that friar lands could not be sold to any considerable
extent under such conditions; therefore, by the Philippine Act No.
1847, approved June 3, 1908, the friar-lands Act No. 1120 was so
amended as to remove the obligation to follow the terms of the
public-lands act, and thus to remove its restriction upon the amount
of friar lands that might be sold to a single purchaser.
Section 86 of the organic act requires " that all laws passed by the
government of the Philippine Islands shall be reported to Congress,
which hereby reserves the power and authority to annul the same."
In pursuance of that requirement, the acts above mentioned, both
original and amendatory, were duly certified to Congress, which has
taken no action thereon.
The change in the Philippine law touching friar lands is fully
explained in volume 8 of the Annual Report of the Secretary of War
for 1908, at page 48, Part II, in the following language:
Certain important amendments to the friar-land act have been made. This act
made the provisions of chapter 2 of the public-land act apply to sales of friar
lands. The amount of land which could be sold to an individual was thus
limited to 16 hectares, which would in very many cases have defeated the
obvious intention of the act to allow tenants to secure their actual holdings,
and would have delayed for many years the sale of large tracts, thus obliging
the Government to continue to pay interest on their purchase price. The
provision of the public-land act that surveys should be in regular subdivisions
was entirely impracticable on occupied friar estates on account of the very
irregular form of actual holdings.
The further requirement for advertising after application for purchase had
been made imposed an entirely needless and unwarranted expense of ?^20 to
1^100 on each purchaser, and the most liberal arrangement relative to payment
possible was that it should be made in one installment, after live years, with
Interest at 6 per cent.
Under the law as amended there is no limit as to the amount of land which
may be purchased.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XIX
The report of the Secretary of War, embodying the report of the
Philippine Commission and including the languag^e quoted, was sub-
mitted to Congress by President Roosevelt in December, 1908. Thu^
that construction of the law was given full publicity, not only in the
Philippine Islands but in the United States, prior to the commence-
ment of the present administration and long prior to any negotia-
tions by anybody for the purchase of the San Jose estate.
If the phrase " subject to the limitations and conditions provided
for in this act," appearing in section 65 of the organic act, renders
the friar lands subject to the conditions found in section 15, by the
same reasoning the friar lands must be subject to the provisions of
all the sections touching public lands. Among them is section 13,
which provides that " a single homestead entry shall not exceed 16
hectares in extent." Was it intended that the friar lands purchased
by the Philippine government with borrowed money to be repaid out
of the proceeds of their sales should be subject to homestead entry!
Section 14 requires that patents shall be issued without compensation,
" conveying title to any tract of land not more than 16 hectares in
extent which were public lands and had been actually occupied by
said native or his ancestors prior to August 13, 1898." While the
San Jose estate and one or two others were practically untenanted,
the most of the friar lands were occupied by natives or their ancestors
prior to August 13, 1898. All of the most valuable of the friar lands
were thus occupied. Was it the intention of the organic act that the
Philippine government should be compelled to issue patents to these
friar lands without compensation? If so, the requirement that the
proceeds of sale should be placed in a sinking fund for the repayment
of the bonds was of very little value.
Section 14 also limits the former occupant of public lands to the
acquisition of not more than 16 hectares; but section 65, relating to
friar lands, declares that " actual settlers and occupants at the time
said lands are acquired by the government shall have the preference
over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within
such reasonable time as may be determined by said government."
Had Congress intended to limit the preference of such occupants
of friar lands to 16 hectares, would not that limitation have been
clearly expressed as in the case of public lands? Does not the use
of the term " their holdings " indicate an intention to give them the
preference and the right to acquire their entire holdings, whether
more or less than 16 hectares?
In the table above given there appear the names of many tenants
who have acquired title to lands previously occupied by them in
amounts exceeding 16 hectares each.
If the limitations of section 15 apply at all to the lands acquired
by the Philippine government under section 65, they must apply to
all lands so acquired. Was it the intention of Congress to cut up,
distribute, and impair these tenant holdings of friar lands by clip-
ping off here and there the hectares in excess of 16? If tenants
holding 20, or 30, or 40, or more hectares and given the privilege over
all others " to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings " are limited
in that preference and in that purchase or acquisition to 16 hectares,
then to which particular 16 hectares does the preference and the riglit
of a('({uis!(i()n exlciid? From which particular hectares are other
XX ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
persons excluded from purchase? By holding off for a term of years
such tenant might hold a hundred or a thousand hectares against all
the world, and then finally have the right to purchase only 16
himself.
Mr. Storey, in his opinion, cites parts of sections 65 and 15, respec-
tively, but in each instance omits the proviso which is a very im-
portant part of the section. Thus the proviso to section 15 provides,
as to public lands, " that the grant or sale of such lands, whether the
purchase price be paid at once or in partial payments, shall be con-
ditioned upon actual and continued occupancy, improvement, and cul-
tivation of the premises sold for a period of not less than five years,
during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate or en-
cumber said land or the title thereto, but such restriction shall not
apply to transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws
for the distribution of the estates of decedents." If any part of that
section applies to friar lands, it all applies. Congress, as already
stated, has practically required the Philippine government to acquire
these lands, in the purchase of which it incurred an indebtedness of
$7,000,000, and an annual interest charge of $280,000. Section 65 con-
templates that the proceeds of sales of these lands shall be used to
meet these interest charges and pay the principal of the bonds. Is
it reasonable to suppose that Congress intended not only to limit each
sale to 16 hectares (40 acres), but also to make sales practically im-
possible by requiring that the purchaser must actually occupy, im-
prove, and cultivate the premises for five years, during which period,
even though he pay the full cash price on the day of sale, he is for-
bidden to either sell or mortgage or in any way encumber the land?
That was not an unreasonable provision where the Government of the
United States was giving away its own land ; but a most unreasonable
condition to impose upon the sale of friar lands purchased by the
Philippine government with its own money and from the sale of
which it was to provide the funds for its own reimbursement. The
legislative intent must plainly appear before such a construction can
be justified.
If the terms and conditions of section 15 apply to lands purchased
and sold under authority of section 65, so also must the provisions of
section 16, which declares that —
such piibUc lands of the United States in the actual possession or occupancy
of any native of the Philippine Islands shall not be sold by said government to
any other person without the consent thereto of said prior occupant or settler
first had and obtained : Provided, That the prior right hereby secured to an occu-
pant of land who can show no other proof of title than possession shall not apply
to more than 16 hectares in one tract
Is it reasonable to suppose that Congress intended that limitation
to apply to friar lands? Did it intend to prevent the Philippine
government from selling, at all, friar lands in the possession or occu-
pancy of persons who had no title and did not seek to obtain one?
Did Congress intend to compel the Philppine government to buy land
upon which there might be settlers without title, which land the
settlers were not compelled to buy, but which the government could
never sell without their consent first had and obtained?
Section 65, which authorizes the sale of friar lands " subject to the
limitations and conditions provided for in this act," provides that
the money realized from the sales of such lands "shall constitute a
ABMTNISTEATIOl^ OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXI
trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds."
Section 17 requires that " all moneys obtained fro^n lease or sale of
the public domain * * * shall be covered into the insular treas-
ury and be subject only to appropriation for insular purposes accord-
ing to law." Surely it was not intended by section 65 to extend the
terms and conditions of section IT to sales of friar lands.
All the parts of the act must be considered together and given har-
monious and reasonable construction so as to effectuate the legislative
intent. The words "subject to the limitations and conditions pro-
vided for in this act," as found in section 65, are not meaningless nor
without effect even if held not to refer to the provisions of sections
12 to 17, which deal with public lands. There are plenty of " limita-
tions and conditions provided for in this act " to which the sales or
leases of friar lands are made subject. For instance, that they may
not be leased for a period exceeding three years (sec. 65) ; that de-
ferred payments and interest thereon shall be payable in the money
prescribed for the pa3^ment of the principal and interest of the friar-
land bonds issued in payment for said lands ; that the money realized
from the sale of lands shall constitute a trust fund and not go into the
insular treasury for general purposes; that actual settlers and occu-
pants shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or
acquire their holdings; that public works, duly authorized, may be
constructed over and upon them (sec. 74) ; that corporations may not
hold more than 1,024- hectares (sec. 75). This provision is general
and applies to public lands, private lands, and friar lands alike.
Section 74 bears evidence that the act all the way through recog-
nizes the distinction betAveen lands of the United States and lands of
the Philippine government. It confers authority for public works
to be constructed " over and across the public property of the United
States and over similar property of the government of said islands."
This important section upon the subject of franchises contains numer-
ous conditions to which friar lands, as well as public lands, are sub-
jected. It provides that "lands or rights of use and occupation of
lands thus granted shall revert to the governments by wliich they
were respectively granted upon the termination of the franchises and
concessions under which they were granted or upon their revocation
or repeal." That is plainly one of the limitations and conditions
subject to which the purchasers may acquire friar lands.
There are many other " limitations and conditions " prescribed in
the organic act, general in character, and which may reasonably be
construed to have been extended by section 65 to friar lands; but the
limitations and conditions specifically imposed by sections 12 to 17
upon the sale and disposal of lands owned by the United States, and
which this Government has generously permitted to be sold for the
benefit of the Filipino people, can not by any reasonable construction
be made to extend to sales by the Philippine government of lands
purchased with its own money from private owners and which never
did belong to the United States.
It is quite within the power of the Philippine Legislature to limit
the amount of friar lands which may be sold to a single noncorporate
purchaser, but it has not done so and Congress has not done so.
In construing the statute we must of course consider all its parts,
and may also properly take into consideration the events and condi-
tions which led to its passage. In passing upon the statutory remedy
XXII ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
we must consider the mischief for which it was intended to be the
cure.
Tile legislative department is supposed to have a consistent design or policy
and to intend nothing inconsistent or incongruous. The mischief intended to
be removed or suppressed or the cause or necessity of any kind which induced
the enactment of a law are important factors to be considered in its construc-
tion. The purpose for which a law was enacted is a matter of prime importance
in arriving at the correct interpretation of its terms. (Lewis's Sutherland
Statutory Construction, second edition, sec. 471.)
The intention of the legislature in enacting a law is the law itself, and must
be enforced when ascertained, although it may not be consistent with the strict
letter of the statute. Courts will not follow the letter of a statute when it leads
away from the intent and purpose of the legislature and the conclusions incon-
sistent with the general purpose of the act. (Ibid., sec. 363.)
Statutes are to be construed as may best effectuate the intention of the
makers, which sometimes may be collected from the. cause or occasion for pass-
ing the statute, and where discovered it ought to be followed with judgment
and discretion in the construction, though the construction may seem contrary
to the letter of the statute. (Big Black Creek Improvement Co. v. Common-
wealth, 94 Fa., 450.)
If it be argued that the qualification " subject to the limitations
and conditions provided for in this act," as found in section 65, in-
cludes necessarily all the limitations and conditions anywhere found
in the act, even though they were definitely and distinctly applied in
connection with sales of public lands only, the answer is lound in the
decision of our highest tribunal, as reported in McKee v. United
States, 164 U. S., ^287 (book 41, Lawyers' Co-op. Ed., 437). The
fourth section of an act of Congress, approved March 2, 1891, distinctly
provided —
that any sum or sums of money received into the Treasury of the United
States from the sale of lands bid in for taxes in any State under the laws
described in the first section of this act, in excess of the tax assessed thereon,
shall be paid to the owners of the land so bid in and resold, or to their legal
heirs and representatives.
That language was v^ry general, but the Supreme Court of the
United States held that it did not apply to all cases. Mr. Justice
Peckham, delivering the opinion of the court, said :
There was added to the act of 1891 the last clause of section 4, which would
cover all such cases, and we are of opinion that this last clause does not refer
to or cover the cases of those owners who are mentioned in the first clause of
the same section. , Otherwise this curious result might and in this particular
case would follow, etc.
He then proceeds to consider " the contemporaneous history " of
the sale of lands under the provisions of the direct-tax act of 1861,
and says :
It is true that if the language used in that last clause be given its widest and
broadest application it would include all owners of real estate which had been
sold in any portion of the country under the provisions of the direct-tax act.
But we think a perusal of the whole act prevents our giving this unlimited con-
struction, because to do so would conflict with what we think was the intention
of Congress, gathered from the provisions of the whole act. Under such cir-
cumstances it is not only the right but it is the plain duty of the court to limit
by a proper construction the otherwise boundless application of the general
language used in the statute.
The opinion concludes in these words:
In this case we think the intention of Congress was plain, and that the gen-
eral language of the last clause of section 4 should not be held to include the
class of owners of lands mentioned in the first clause of the same section, for
whose case special provision was therein made.
ADMINISTEATIOIT OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXIII
Applying the principles of construction above set forth, we may well
take into consideration the contemporaneous history and the events
and conditions which moved Congress to authorize the purchase and
sale of these so-called friar lands.
Prior to the Spanish- American War something over 400,000 acres
of lands in the Philippine Islands were in the private ownership of
the friars. Under the Spanish regime these priests possessed and
exercised great power and influence in the communities m which they
resided. Some of their estates were unoccupied, but the most of
them were thickly peopled. The tenants and subtenants and their
families living upon these estates numbered more than 160,000. The
Filipino people were engaged in an effort to throw off the tyranny
and despotism of Spain. Partly because the friars were not in
sympathy with this insurrection, and partly because they were alleged
to be oppressive and unsatisfactory landlords, the tenants turned
upon them. The priests were driven from their parishes and fled to
the city of Manila, where they were found when the Americans took
possession of the islands. When the Americans had assumed con-
trol the friars insisted upon their rights. The tenants repudiated
their obligations to the friars as landlords and refused either to sur-
render possession of, or to pay rent for, the lands they occupied.
The American Government now faced the same serious and disturb-
ing agrarian troubles which had caused the Spanish Government so
much annoyance and disaster. That was the mischief. The remedy
was to get these lands away from the friars and into an ownership
which the tenants would respect. To apply this remedy it became
necessary for Congress to provide a way whereby the Philippine
government could itself acquire the lands from the friars. This
was accomplished by authorizing that government to issue its own
bonds and apply the proceeds to the purchase of the lands. It was
also necessary to provide a method whereby the Philippine govern-
ment could provide for the payment of the bonded obligations thus
incurred.
This Congress sought to accomplish by authorizing the sale of the
lands and requiring the proceeds to be put. into a trust fund for the
payment of the principal and interest of the bonds. As a further
and very necessary means of securing permanent freedom from such
troubles as existed. Congress provided that the tenants should them-
selves have the first right to purchase, and thus acquire ownership of
the lands upon which they had lived. Should they not purchase,
then the lands were to be sold to others. Public lands of the United
States in the Philippine Islands were, by Congress, substantially
open to homestead entry, under rigid conditions prescribed in the
organic act itself. People who had occupied them for the time, speci-
fied in the act, were to be given patents without compensation. The
object of disposing of these public lands was not so much to secure
funds as to induce the Filipino people to occupy and cultivate them.
They were, and are, almost wholly unoccupied. With the friar lands,
the case was quite different. Most of them were already in occupa-
tion and under cultivation. The object of their sale was to acquire
funds with which to repay the money borrowed by the Philippine
government for their purchase. This work would have been defeated
by applying to them the conditions of section 15 touching public lands
of the United States, under which section the purchaser was not only
XXIV ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
limited to 16 hectares, but was also prevented from selling, leasing,
mortgaging, or otherwise encumbering his land for five years after
he had paid for and acquired title. The fact that early sales of friar
lands were contemplated by the act is manifest from the fact that,
while no limit of time was placed upon leases of public lands, friar
lands could be leased only " temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years." These leases were made temporary, so that they might
not obstruct the sales, which were clearly contemplated and from the
funds of which the Philippine government was to reimburse itself.
The practical effect of the conditions imposed by section 15 is well
illustrated in the island of Mindoro, where public lands have been
offered subject to those conditions at $2 per acre, with not a single
purchaser, while friar lands immediately adjoining but without the
same onerous conditions, have been sold at more than $6 per acre.
Arising out of this friar-land transaction, the Philippine govern-
ment has a bonded indebtedness of $7,000,000, with an annual interest
charge of $280,000 thereon. Can it reasonably be assumed that Con-
gress intended that government to bear this onerous burden itself
and to impose upon it the necessity of taxing the Filipino people
to meet these obligations, by depriving them of the opportunity to
sell, at a fair price and on such terms as they might impose, the very
lands for which the indebtedness had been incurred? There were
certainly hundreds, perhaps thousands, of tenants of friar lands,
each owning more than 16 hectares. To have limited their rights of
purchase to that amount of land, ejecting them from the excess,
would have aggravated the very difficulty which Congress sought to
allay.
A careful study of the organic act in all its parts, taking into
account the history of the times and the objects sought to be accom-
plished, leads to the conclusion that the homestead provisions of
sections 12 to 17, relating to public lands of the United States, do
not and were not intended to apply to friar lands acquired and
sold under the provisions of section 65, and that the act fixes no limit
to the quantity of friar lands which may be sold to purchasers other
than corporations. It is, as already pointed out, within the power
and authority of the Philippine legislature to limit the amount that
may be sold to a single person.
LEASE OF THE ISABELA ESTATE WITH OPTION TO PURCHASE.
The friar-land estate in northern Luzon known as the Isabela
estate has an area of 49,727 acres (521). It cost the Philippine
Government $159,858.01 (261), or a little more than $3 per acre. It
is situate in a sparsely settled Province and is difficult to reach. It is
an inland estate 100 miles or more distant from the nearest seaport
which is in turn about 250 miles distant b}^^ sea from Manila. There is
an abundance of public land in that Province offered for sale under
the public-land laws at a very low figure, but few sales have been
made. Owing to the remoteness and inaccessibility of this estate
and the difficulty of securing a purchaser for it, the Philippine officials
were glad to issue a lease on the 21st day of January, 1910, to Edward
B. Bruce, representing M. Lowenstein, W. H. Lawrence, and Walter
E. Olsen, residents of Manila, doing business there. This lease con-
tained an option to purchase 48,620 acres of land at the price of
ADMIKISTRATIOK OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXV
$211,250 in installments and with interest as therein provided. The
rental was fixed at a nominal figure, the lessee agreeing to cause ;in
examination of the estate to be made by a competent expert for the
purpose of determining the quality of the soil and other considera-
tions to determine the value of the estate for agricultural purposes,
his report and all statistics to become the property of the Government
in case of his failure to purchase. The expert so employed rej^orted
that the soil was not adapted to tobacco growing; that, while it was
suited to the cultivation of sugar cane, its remoteness and the diffi-
culty of transportation made its purchase undesirable. Mr. Bruce
therefore declined to exercise his option to purchase. The lease
expired January 6, 1911, and that large tract of unoccupied land
remains in the possession of the Philippine Government.
LEASE OF PUBLIC LAND TO E. L. WORCESTER.
Section 22 of the Philippine public lands act. No. 926, as amended
by No. 979, provides that '^any citizen of the United States or of the
Philippine Islands, or of any insular possession of the United States
* * * may lease any tract of unoccupied, unreserved, non-
mineral, agricultural public lands, as defined by sections 18 and 20
of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902, providing a temporary
government for the Philippine Islands, and so forth, not exceeding
1,024 hectares, by proceeding as hereinafter in this chapter indi-
cated.^'
Section 27 provides how the rental shall be determined and paid,
and that ^'It shall in no case be less than 50 centavos per hectare
per annum.''
Section 28 provides that leases ^' shall run for a period of not
more than 25 years, but may be renewed for a second period of 25
years at a rate to be fixed," etc., and that land leased thereunder
shall not be assigned or sublet without the consent of the chief of
the bureau of public lands and the secretary of the interior.
There are many details required by the act to be complied with
in the case of such leases.
Under and in pursuance of the above-mentioned provisions of
law an agreement of lease was entered into under date of April 1,
1909, between the Government of the Philippine Islands and E. L.
Worcester, a resident of said islands and a citizen of the United
States, said lease covering 977 hectares in the Province of Nueva
Ecija, for the term of 25 years, at a yearly rental of 488.69 pesos,
upon default in payment of which the lease may be forfeited on 30
days' notice from the Government. The lands in question do not
appear from the evidence to have been exceptionally desirable.
They are on all sides surrounded by similar public lands which no
one has thus far desired to lease or purchase. The rental is that
usually fixed in leases of public lands. The lease contains no special
privileges whatever, but is in the precise form in which all leases of
public lands are made, and all observances of the law in the matter
of advertisement of application, etc., were fully complied with.
The lease was issued only after full publicity and advertisement of the
application. The lands were unoccupied, unreserved, nonmineral,
agricultural public lands. The application of E. L. Worcester was
dated May 9, 1908, and from the 15th of May, 1908, until the 2d
XXVI ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
of July, 1908, the application was posted on a bulletin board in the
office of the bureau of lands with notice to the effect that all claims
to the above-described land must be filed in the bureau of lands
in Manila before the 2d day of July, 1908. July 21, 1908, the di-
rector of lands duly certified that the notice had been posted. A
notice of intention to apply for the lease was also posted in the
Presidencia, being the municipal building of the principal town of
the province in which the land was located. The notice of intention
to apply for the lease was also published for six weeks once a week
in the newspaper known as the Manila Daily Bulletin, in English,
and a copy translated into Spanish in the leading Spanish paper
of Manila called El Commercio.
E. L. Worcester was not in the public service. He had lived in the
islands five or six years prior to the making of the lease, and had
been offered at different times positions in the public service, but had
declined them upon the request of his uncle, Dean C. Worcester,
secretary of the interior, who was not willing that his nephew should
be in the public service.
Dean C. Worcester, the secretary of the interior, had not and has
not any interest whatever in this lease. He has, however, been very
unjusth^ criticised for permitting it to be made to his nephew. He
declined at first to act upon the application and desired that the
Governor General should act in his stead. The director of lands
called liis attention to the fact, however, that under the provisions of
the statute the secretary of the interior must himself act. Thereupon
that official approved the application, but instead of returning it to
the director of lands, as in the ordinary course, he did return it
through the Governor General, to whom he made the following!
communication:
In view of the fact that the lessee in this instance is a nephew of the secretary of
the interior, the fact of the issuance of this lease is called to the attention of the Gov-
ernor General so that no claim may ever be made that due publicity did not attach
to it.
The rental charge is that which has been charged invariably for public land of
similar character.
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
The Governor General then forwarded the lease to the director of
the bureau of lands with the indorsement:
Respectfully returned to the director of lands; contents noted.
While the sense of delicacy exhibited by the secretary of the interior
is quite creditable, it was hardly called for. As a citizen of the United
States and a resident of the Philippine Islands for several years,
E, L. Worcester was, under the Philippine statute above quoted,
clearly entitled to apply for and demand a lease upon the same terms
as anybody else, and the fact that he was a son of the brother of the
secretary of the interior in no way deprived him of his legal rights
under the statute. We do not think that Dean C. Worcester, secre-
tary of the interior, did anything but his plain duty in the matter of
this lease, and adverse criticism is wholly uncalled for and unworthy.
It was suggested at the hearing that section 15 of the organic act,
providing ^'for the granting and sale and conveyance to actual occu-
pants and settlers and other citizens of said islands/' excludes citizens
of the United States from purchasing or leasing public lands, because,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXVII
under section 4, no person can be or become a ^itizen of the Philippine
Islands except those inhabitants who were on the 11th of April, 1899,
Spanish subjects residing in the islands, and their children subse-
quently born. A consideration of sections 13 and 16 and other
portions of the act in connection with section 15 leads to the conclu-
sion that it was not the intention of Congress to exclude citizens of the
United States from the purchase or lease of public lands of the United
States, but in any event the language of the Philippine statute clearly
and distinctly confers that right, and until such time, if ever, as it shall
be found by the proper court to be in conflict with the organic act, it
was and is the duty of the Philippine officials to observe its prohibi-
tions, and no fault can be found with them for so doing.
THE AGREEMENT WITH CARPENTER FOR LEASE AND SALE OF LAND ON
THE TALA ESTATE.
On the 20th of April, 1908, the director of lands entered into a
special agreement with Frank W. Carpenter, wherein said Carpenter
promised ^ ' to take in lease, under certain terms and conditions here-
inafter enumerated, any and all unoccupied tracts of land, or tracts
which may hereafter be vacated by the present occupants thereof,
which belong to the Government of the Philippine Islands, and con-
stitute the property more specifically known and designated as the
'Tala estate,^'' and the Philippine Government agreed ^ Ho reserve
from lease or sale to any person or persons other than said party of
the second part, said unoccupied and vacated lands of said estate,
and to hold said lands for the exclusive uses and purposes of said party
of the second part.'^ The leases were to be for terms of three years
each, on tracts of not less than 300 hectares, and the annual rental
was to be 30 centavos (15 cents) per hectare for land upon which no
crop was harvested, and 1 peso and 50 centavos (75 cents) per hectare
for all lands which produced a crop. Carpenter was required to lease
as a minimum 300 hectares the first year, 900 the second year, and
1,500 the third year, and 500 per year additional until all of the avail-
able lands on said estate were under lease to him. The agreement
also provided that, in case application should be made by parties
other than Carpenter for the lease or purchase of any of the reserved
lands upon the estate not actually held in lease by him, he should
immediately execute a lease or leases covering said lands, and in case
of his neglect ^or refusal to do so, the Government was at liberty to
sell or lease the land to other parties. Carpenter was also given ^'tlie
preference right to lease any lands of said estate now occupied or
leased which in future may be abandoned or vacated by the present
occupants thereof.'^
The agreement bound Carpenter to cultivate 200 hectares during
the first year, 600 the second year, 1,000 the third year, and 500 addi-
tional per year thereafter, until the entire area occupied and leased
by him should be under cultivation, and the grazing of cattle was not
to be considered as cultivation. Filipinos have been offered similar
leases, but refused them because the condition as to cultivation was
too onerous. At the time of the making of the lease the Philippine
friar-land act did not permit the sale of large tracts, but it was pro-
vided in the agreement that if, by subsequent legislation, the lands
should be subject to sale, Carpenter should be bound to purchase
XXVIII ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
and the Government bound to sell to him the lands covered by the
terms of the agreement. He has exercised his right to purcliase only
to the extent of about 25 acres. Carpenter was bound by the agree-
ment to keep trespassers from occupying any portion of the lands
reserved for him^ and it was agreed that the director of lands should
*^in his official capacity endeavor to obtain on the Tala estate ade-
quate police protection and to secure all possible assistance from the
Government for the construction of highways and bridges on and
to the lands of said estate. ^^ It does not appear that any increase of
police protection has resulted. No roads or mghways have been con-
structed on the estate. Upon the road leading out from Manila a
small bridge has been constructed and about a mile of road next the
city has been macadamized with stone found by the roadside. Not,
however, because of any agreement with Carpenter, but because the
city, having purchased a cemetery site through which an old road ran,
was compelled, in settlement of a suit by the adjoining municipality,
to provide a road outside the cemetery.
The agreement itself did not transfer any land to the possession
of Carpenter, but as he from time to time claimed lands under the
agreement, separate leases were executed in accordance with the
terms of the agreement, and each of them contained the usual for-
feiture clauses for failure on the part of the lessee to comply with the
terms.
The Tala estate lies some 8 or 9 miles from the city of Manila, in
the Province of Eizal. It contains 16,740 acres, for which the Phil-
ippine Government paid $112,054.33. With the exceptions of the
San Jose and Isabela estates, it is the most sparsely populated of all
the friar-land estates, having an average of only about 38 inhabitants
to the square mile. About 80 per cent of the estate was unoccupied
when the Carpenter agreement was made. Although it is located so
near the city of Manila, it w as not considered desirable, owing to the
bad character of the roads, which made it necessary either to walk or
go on horseback. The country in former times had been infested
by cattle thieves and robbers and still suffered from the reputation
it then gained. The land is hilly and the soil poor. The difficulty
of finding purchasers led the director of lands to enter into the agree-
ment with Carpenter. Under an Executive order Government
employees are not permitted to go into private business without first
obtaining the authority of the Governor General. Mr. Carpenter
secured permission to engage in business. He discussed with the
Secretary of the Interior the desirability of entering into the agree-
ment, and also took it up with leading Filipinos to ascertain if his
entering into such an agreement would be the subject of objection or
criticism.
Mr. Carpenter's lease did not cover the entire Tala estate, but did
cover 12,000 or 18,000 acres. His occupancy and cultivation of the
lands encouraged the Filipinos to such an extent that they applied
for the opportunity to acquire portions of the land covered by his
agreement. As fast as sucn applications were made, he relinquished
his right and allowed the lands to be taken by the Filipinos, and in
this way has parted with his right to nearly 10,000 acres, so that he
now holds under the agreement only about 4,000 acres. Upon this
estate 28 Filipino purchasers have each acquired tracts in excess of
16 hectares, or 40 acres. The net result of the Carpenter agreement
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXIX
has been that a large amount of vacant land on the Tala estate, which
had long lain idle and profitless, has been sold at an advance upon
the price paid by the Government; that the rciUiaining land is now-
leased and will be sold, and that much of the land has been brought
under cultivation, and the Government has already received a con-
siderable amount of revenue from land which had not previously
yielded anything. In leasing this land, Mr. Carpenter acted entirely
for himself, no other persons, either directly or indirectly, being
interested with him. He holds the position known as executive
secretary, but his official duties are in no way connected with the
administration of public lands or friar lands. He has no control over
them whatever, and no voice in their management. The agreement
with Mr. Carpenter seems to have been highly satisfactory to the
Filipino people. No criticism of it has been heard on that side of the
water; but, hearing of the criticisms published in this country, the
members of the Philippine Assembly, all of whom are native Filipinos,
including representatives of both political parties, met in caucus and
unanimously adopted a resolution, which they caused to be forwarded
to this committee through Hon. Manuel L. Quezon, Resident Com-
missioner in the United States, recognizing ^^the important and
Eatriotic services rendered by Mr. Carpenter,^' and expressing '^the
ighest opinion of his morality, honor, and integrity.'^ We believe
that the agreement was entered into with the best of motives by all
concerned, and that its operation has been beneficial to the Govern-
ment and to the people.
LEASE OF FRIAR LANDS TO GEN. AGUINALDO.
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, well known to fame, has been granted a
special lease for 2,675 acres on the Imus estate, for the flat rental of
8 cents gold per hectare per annum and with the option to purchase.
LEASE TO SENOR ARTURO DANCEL.
A special lease has been granted to Senor Arturo Dancel, a FiHpino,
formerly governor of the Province of Rizal, for 1,397 acres, for which
he is charged a rental of 4 cents gold per acre per year, to be increased
to 30 cents when marketable crops have been produced on the land.
His lease runs for three years, and he is bound to place, the entire
tract under cultivation within that time.
THE THAYER LEASE.
One A. F. Thayer, representing himself as an agent of the Dilling-
hams, of Honolulu, held a lease on the Binan estate for 4,035 acres
and another on the Calamba estate for 8,217 acres. These leases
were to run for six months, the rental being 4 cents gold per acre pen-
men th, or 48 cents per annum. Mr. Thayer proved to be either a
myth or a fraud, it is by no means certain that he represented
the Dillinghams, and in any event he has absconded and his affairs,
including these leases, placed by the court in the hands of a business
man of Manila as receiver. It is uncertain whether that receiver will
carry out the terms of the leases, or throw the land back upon the
Government.
XXX ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
In answer to the charge or suggestion made that the Secretary of
War reported to Congress only one apphcation for a certain number
of acres, whereas in point of fact the PhiHppine Government had
leased to Thayer a larger amount, as shown by the testimony before
us, it should, in justice, be said that the confusion, or discrepancy,
seems to be largely a matter of dates. Mr. Thayer first made one
application and at a later period made another for an increased
amount of land, and at a still later period he abandoned part of his
claim. There does not appear to be any real discrepancy in the
reports and statements which have been made.
EVICTIONS FROM FRIAR LANDS.
As already stated, there were upon the friar lands at the time of
their purchase over 161,000 persons living. They had previously
refused to pay any rent to the friars, and some of them refused to
pay rent to the Philippine Government. Three thousand four hundred
and twenty-nine eviction suits were brought for the purpose of causing
the tenants to acknowledge the ownership of the Government in
the lands and to pay rents. These eviction suits were nearly all
amicably adjusted, and the total number of actual evictions was
only 260, a very creditable showing under all the circumstances.
FILIPINO OCCUPANTS ENCOURAGED TO PURCHASE THEIR HOLDINGS
AND OTHER FILIPINOS INDUCED TO ACQUIRE FRIAR LANDS.
The officials of the Philippine Government have made every effort
to induce tenants to purchase their holdings, and have also encouraged
former occupants, who had abandoned their holdinf^^s, to take them
up again, and have also made efforts to persuade Filipinos who have
never occupied friar lands to become purchasers. These natives were
offered the land at the minimum price which would yield to the
Government the cost of the individual holding, pa3^able in annual
installments spread over the maximum period consistent with the
retirement of the friar-land bonds at maturity. The leasing of the
friar lands fixed the status of the lessee as an occupant and conferred
upon him the right to purchase his holdings, ^^'hen the occupant
of the land had once attorned to the Government, no question of
title could thereafter be raised. Temporary leases were made, in
many instances in advance of the actual surve3^s of. the land and
ascertainment of the extent and value of the holdings. An immense
amount of survey work and numerous complicated calculations were
required before the areas of individual parcels could be fi.xed. The
Philippine Legislature did not appropriate for as many survej^^ors
as were deemed necessary by the director of lands and Secretary of
the Interior, and it was a long time before the estates could all be
surveyed and offered for actual sale.
THE CALIFORNIA CORPORATIONS.
Three California corporations have acquired public (not friar) land
in the Philippines — the San Carlos Agricultural Co., 1,024 hactares;
the San Mateo Agricultural Co., 832 he<?tares; and San Francisco
Agricultural Co., 832 hectares. The stockholders in these companies
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXXI
are all relatives or friends of Charles J. Welch, one of the purchasers
of the San Jose estate, and the public lands thus acquired by them
are adjacent to the said estate. None of , the purchasers of
the San Jose estate are stockholders in any of these three corpora-
tions, and none of the stockholders in any one of these three corpora-
tions are stockholders in either of the other two. Section 75 of the
organic act, Umiting the amount of land which may be acquired by
corporations to 1,024 hectares, provides that ^^corporations not organ-
ized in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein shall be
bound by the provisions of this section so far as they are applicable."
None of the three corporations named has exceeded the fixed limit of
corporate holdings. E. L. Poole, the manager of the San Jose estate,
is also the manager of each one of the three California companies, but
he has no financial interest in any of them. It is the intention that
they shall cultivate their lands and sell the cane produced to the
Mindoro Development Co.
Each of these corporations is authorized by its charter to engage
in agriculture, and each one complied with the legal requirements and
obtained a license to do business in the Philippine Islands.
The question has arisen as to the right of corporations chartered
in the United States to acquire public lands in the Philippines.
Section 15 of the organic act provides —
(1) That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and empow-
ered, on such terms as it may prescribe by general legislation, to provide for the grant,
or sale, and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens of said
islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber and mineral
lands of the United States in said islands, as it may deem wise, not exceeding 16
hectares to any one person;
(2) and for the sale and conveyance of not more than 1,024 hectares to any corpq,-
ration or associations of persons;
(3) Provided, That the grant or sale of such lands, whether the purchase price be
paid at once or in partial payments, shall be conditioned upon actual and continued
occupancy, improvement, and cultivation of the premises sold for a period of not
less than five years, during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate
or encumber said land or the title thereto; but such restriction shall not apply to
transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws for the distribution of the
estates of decedents.
Referring now to the first division, Wha. is meant by the term
'^actual occupants ?'' Clearly it means persons already upon the
land. ^^An occupant is one who has the actual use or possession of
a thing.'' (2 Bouvier's Law Diet., 538.) '^Settlers,'' as the term is
used, means something different from ^^ actual occupants.'' It
means persons who were not actual occupants at the time of the pas-
sage of the act, and may include all persons who go upon lands for the
purpose of making a settlement and acquiring title. Section 21
speaks of lands ^'entered and occupied as agricultural lands under the
provisions of this act, but not patented."
The proviso, which constitutes the third division, requires all per-
sons to become and to remain for five years at least actual occupants
as well as settlers.
/^Actual occupants and settlers" are not required by the first
division to be citizens of the Philippine Islands, unless the use of
the word '^ other" is to be considered as working such a requirement.
The first division relating to persons is complete in itself
The second division is a thing separate and apart and complete in
tself . It makes no mention whatever of either occupants, settlers,
XXXII ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
or citizens, but expressly authorizes ^^ the sale and conveyance of not
more than 1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of per-
sons.'^ As timber and mineral lands are excluded, the lands which can
be acquired are plainly the agricultural lands required to be classified
under section 13.
Section 75 provides that ^^ every corporation organized to engage
in agriculture shall, by its charter, be restricted to the ownership
and control of not exceeding 1,024 hectares of land,'^ and that ^^cor-
porations not organized in the Philippine Islands and doing business
therein shall be bound by the provisions of this section, so far as they
are applicable/^
Sections 15 and 75, whether considered separately or together,
clearly contemplate that any corporation authorized to engage in
agriculture may, whether chartered in the Philippine Islands or
elsewhere, acquire 1,024 hectares of agricultural land.
The act contains further restrictions as to valuable mineral lands
and vacant coal lands found upon the public domain; but either
may be acquired in smaller quantity (placer claims 64 hectares,
coal lands 128 hectares) by corporations chartered either in the Philip-
pine Islands or in the United States.
SUMMARY.
We find that the administration of lands in the Philippine Islands
has been fairly and honestly conducted, and that the charges and
insinuations to the contrary which have been made against the i
officials charged with the execution of the laws in relation thereto, I
whether ofiicers of the Philippine government or of the United States, i
are unwarranted and unjust. W. Cameron Forbes, governor gen-j
eral; Dean C. Worcester, secretary of the interior; Charles H. Sleeper, ;
director of lands; and Frank W. Carpenter, executive secretary, arej
able, earnest, patriotic men, honestly performing their duties under!
more or less trying circumstances. i
No corporation can lawfully hold more than 1,024 hectares (2,500'
acres) of any kind of land in the Philippine Islands, and no corpora-
tion has been permitted to purchase more than that amount of either
pubhc lands or friar lands since the passage of the act of 1002.
Section 15 of the organic act limits the sale of public lands to 16
hectares, or 40 acres — the amount of public lands in the Philippine
Islands which lawfully may be sold to any purchaser other than a
corporation. No sale in excess of that amount has been made.
Sections 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the organic act do not apply to the
sale and disposition of the friar lands.
Citizens of the United States, as well as citizens of the Philippine
Islands, are clearly authorized by the organic act of 1902 to pur-
chase valuable mineral lands and vacant coal lands forming part of
the public domain; but it is claimed that, as to agricultural lands,
the right of purchase is limited to citizens of the Philippine Islands.
Technically, as defined by the act of 1902, citizens of the Philippine
Islands are those Spanish subjects who resided in the islands April 11,
1899, and their children subsequently born. No other person can,
under existing law, become such citizen, no matter how long he may
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXXIII
have been resident in the islands. Congress should, by appropriate
legislation, more clearly express its intention, whether individual
citizens of the United States are to be included or excluded as pur-
chasers of agricultural public land of the United States in the Philip-
pine Islands.
While we see no objection to the acquisition of homes in the
Philippine Islands by officials or employees of the Government,
whether American or Filipino, we advise against speculation in public
lands by public officials, and are pleased to note that the members
of the Philippine Commission have refrained therefrom.
There are about 60,000,000 acres of public land in the Philippines,
the sale of which is restricted by law to 40 acres to a natural person
or 2,500 acres to a corporation, each sale to be conditioned upon
actual occupancy and cultivation of the lands for at least five years,
during which the purchaser may neither sell nor encumber them.
There are only about 123,000 acres of unoccupied and vacant friar
lands remaining. These can not be sold in such small tracts, and
subject to such burdensome conditions, at prices which will enable
the Philippine government to reimburse itself and pay ofT the bonds
issued for their purchase. If that is to be accomplished, they will
have to be sold in larger tracts than those permitted for public lands,
and without the substantially prohibitive conditions of nonalienation
or enciimbrance. We feel that the sale of such a comparatively
small amount of land in somewhat largar tracts than 40 acres, and
without the conditions mentioned, would not be injurious to the best
interests of the islands and could not be considered as evidencing a
policy or intention to permit their exploitation.
At present corporations are limited to 2,500 acres each. There is
no limitation at all to the quantity of friar lands that may be acquired
by noncorporate purchasers. The advisability of enacting reasonable
limitations respecting the quantity of friar lands that may hereafter
be acquired, either by individuals or corporations, is respectfully
commended to the consideration of Congress.
Marlin E. Olmsted.
E. D. Crumpacker.
E. L. Hamilton.
Charles E. Fuller.
Wm. H. Graham.
Herbert Parsons.
D. E. McKlNLAY.
Albert Douglas.
C. V. FORNES.
I fully concur in the foregoing report as far as it goes, but desire
to make the following additional suggestions:
1. As the question of law is important, and as it is also important
that the land titles in the Philippines shall be settled and dearly
ascertained, and as the judgment of this committee is not final, I
think a test suit, or suits, should be brought b}^ the proper govern-
ment officials for the purpose of securing a judicial determination
as to the application of the limitation of section 15 of the act of
Congress of 1902 to the sale of friar lands under section 65.
COO>7 oO
n. Rcp^ 22^9, 61-3-
XXXIV ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
2. As the law now stands, corporations of any country, by simply
filing the certified copies of their charters, may acquire lands in the
PhiHppine Islands to the amount of 2,500 acres. I think that this
right should be limited to corporations chartered in the Philippines
or in the United States. The Philippine Legislature has authority
to make such limitation, and unless it does I think that Congress
should act.
3. The friar lands are only 400,000 acres, the private lands in the
Philippines about 7,000,000, and public lands about 60,000,000.
The latter are limited by law to sale to individuals in tracts not to
exceed 40 acres, the purchaser to live upon and cultivate them for five
years, during which period he may neither sell nor mortgage them.
It is plain from the evidence in this case that upon these conditions
no considerable amount of these public lands will ever be sold. I
think that Congress should enlarge the amount which may be sold
to a single individual and provide that when he has paid for the
lands in full he may be permitted to mortgage them, as this will often
be necessary to enable him to put up the necessary buildings and
acquire the necessary stock for the habitation and cultivation of the
lands, which it is the principal object of the law to secure. With
such a provision of law, I do not think that any distinction should
be made whereby corporations can acquire more than individuals.
4. Inasmuch as the United States has already expended many mil-
Uons of dollars in freeing the Filipinos from the despotism of Spain,
in affording them a good government, and in preserving peace there,
it would, in my judgment, be absurd to enact or so construe any law
as to exclude Americans, whether officeholders or not, from the acqui-
sition and occupation of lands in the Philippine Islands. I do not
agree with the theory that investments of American capital there in
reasonable amounts will tend to defer the independence of the islands,
but rather it will have the contrary effect. No'body would suggest
that we should turn the islands loose without providing in some way
for their protection by the United States or by some other power, and
this can more readily be accomplished when Americans are interested
in the islands than when they are not. Such investments there by
Americans would make the United States more careful in affording
protection to the independent government that might be established
there and would thus insure its greater stability.
A. W. RUOKER.
The preamble of the resolution under which this investigation
has been held states that ^4t has been publicly charged that sales
and leases of public lands have been made in the Philippines in vio-
lation of law.'^ The duty placed upon the committee was ^Ho
make a complete and thorough investigation of the interior depart-
ment of the Philippine Government touching the administration
of Philippine lands and all matters of fact and law pertaining thereto,
whether the same are to be had in the United States, the Philippine
Islands, or elsewhere, and to report to the House during this Congress
all the evidence taken and the findings and recommendations thereon. '^
The committee has fully discharged its duty to make a complete
and thorough investigation of the interior department of the Phil-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXXV
ippines with regard to the administration of Phihppine lands, and
we concur in the findings of the foregoing that there have been
no sales of Philippine lands in violation of lawi, and that the officials
having in charge the execution of the land laws of the Philippines
have been honest and conscientious. They are not, in our judg-
ment, subject to censure; their task has not been an easy one;
they have had many burdens laid upon them, not the least of which
has been the interpretation of the provisions of the act of 1902, pro-
viding a civil government for the Philippines with regard to the
lands they were administering.
It would have been, indeed, remarkable if, under all the circum-
stances that have surrounded them, they had made no mistakes. We
have tried to consider their conduct as it has been disclosed to us
in a fair and impartial manner, not as persons who seek for the
opportunity to criticize, nor as those who try to avoid seeing things
that are open to criticism, and we join in acquitting those under
investigation of any intentional violation of law. We believe they
endeavored always to act in accord with the law as the}^ understood
it, and, in cases where the exercise of discretion was involved, that
they acted in that manner which they conscientiously believed was
for the best interests of the Government of the United States and
the Filipino people. We believe the Philippine Commission has
made some mistakes in matters of poUcy, and have, in our judgment,
without wrongful purpose, misconstrued some portions of the organic
act that afi'ect public and friar lands. We are not engaged in an
investigation of the Philippine Commission, but some of these mat-
ters are pertinent to this inquiry, and we have commented on them.
The Secretary of the Interior is only one member of that body and
can not, of course, be charged with responsibility for its acts any
further than can any single member of a legislative body be held
to such accountability.
LEASES OF PUBLIC LANDS FOR LONG TERMS.
We do not believe leases should be made of public lands for long
terms. The law, as enacted by the Philippine Government, now per-
mits a lease of public lands for 25 years, with the privilege of renewal
for 25 years additional. Where the land leased is valuable and pro-
ductive, that creates an estate of great value. It is of higher value
than a lease for life. Much of the land of the Philippines is very
productive, and ultimately it will be demonstrated that a long-time
lease is of considerable value where made on a large and productive
tract, and a large demand for them will arise. It will need but a
few men to make a financial success of such a venture to cause many
to ask the same opportunit}^. It is true that discretion is lodged in
the chief of the bureau of public lands as to the time for which the
lease may be granted, but he will have great trouble in refusing one
man what he has granted to another. The law does not confine
leases to citizens of the islands, and we think properly so. The Filipino
people are not at present disposed to take leases of large tracts for
long terms, and only Americans are likely to do so, and the acquisi-
XXXVI ADMIISriSTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPHsTE LANDS.
tion by them of leases to large and productive tracts for the period
of a half century will not tend to the peace and welfare of the people
of the islands. We recommend an amendment of the organic act,
limiting leases to public lands to such reasonable periods as will
{)roperly safeguard the interests of all concerned. We believe such
eases should be limited to 10 years, with option to renew for a like
term.
SALES OF PUBLIC LANDS TO ^' CITIZENS.''
By the terms of the public-lands act, enacted by the Philippine
Commission, title in fee simple may be acquired to not more tlian 16
hectares of the agricultural public land by citizens of the Philippine
Islands or of the United States, or any insular possession thereof,
and corporations may acquire title to not exceeding 1,024 hectares.
We do not believe the commission lias correctly interpreted the
organic act in this respect. It is clear to us that natural persons who
are not citizens of the Philippine Islands are not granted the privilege
of acquiring title to agricultural public lands. Section 15 of tlie
organic act, which is the section providiiig for the sale of such lands,
is as follows :
Sec. 15. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and
empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to provide for
the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citi-
zens of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber
and mineral lands of the United States in said islands, as it may deem wise, not
exceeding sixteen hectares to any one person, and for the sale and conveyance of not
more than one thousand and twenty-four hectares to any corporation or association
of persons: Provided, That the grant or sale of such lands, whether the purchase price
be paid at once or in partial payments, shall be conditioned upon actual and contin-
ued occupancy, improvement, and cultivation of the |)remises sold for a period of
not less than five years, during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate
or encumber said land or the title thereto; but such restriction shall not apply to
transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws for the distribution of the
estates of decedents.
It will be noted that so far as natural persons are concerned, the
Government of the Philippine Islands, in granting, selling, and con-
veA^ing agricultural public lands, is restricted to ^'actual occupants
and settlers and other citizens of said islands." This is the only
section naming the class of persons to wliom siicli land can be con-
veyed in fee; and, under a very familiar rule of statutory construction,
those not named are excluded. It is equally clear that corporations
are permitted to acquire agricultural ])ublic lands, and there is no
requirement in the organic act that they shall be confined to cor-
porations composed of citizens of tlie islands or corporations organized
in the islands. By the provisions of section 74 of the organic act the
Phili])pine Government isem])owered to ^^ grant francliiscs, privileges,
and concessions.'^ Of ccTirse the power to grant incIiHles the power
to deny, and the Philippine Government can deny access to the
islands of any and all corporations not organized under the laws of the
Philippine Government. That government is, under the organic act,
a body ])olitic. Its people who inhabited the islands at the time of
the cession of the islands from Spain and their children are not
citizens of the United States. It is a familiar rule that the inhabitants
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXXVII
of ceded territory do not become citizens of the United States unless
made so by the treaty of cession or by act of iConf^ress.
The treaty of Paris provides only that Conf^ress will determine
the poHtical status of the inhabitants of the Phihppines, and Con-
gress has provided only that they are citizens of the ishmds. Hence
the Government of the Phihppine Islands is, to a great degree, a
separate and distinct pohtical entity, deriving, of course, its right
to exist and its powers and privileges from the Government of the
United wStates, and certainly having the right under its organic act
(the same as a State) to admit or exclude such corporations as it
sees fit, and to admit them upon such terms as it desires to impose.
Every corporation engaged in agriculture is, by section 75 of the
organic act, confined to the ownership of 1,024 hectares, and no
member of such corporation is permitted to be in anywise interested
in any other corporation engaged in agriculture, and all commercial
or manufacturing corporations are confined to the ownership of the
land necessary to enable them to carry out the purposes for which
they were created. With these limitations and the power given
the Philippine Government over all corporations doing or seeking to
do business in the islands, it is apparent that Congress felt that cor-
porations should be permitted to acquire agricultural public lands
to the maximum of 1,024 hectares, while restricting natural persons
to 16 hectares.
If any sales have been made to persons not citizens of the islands,
they have been few. The purchase of 40 acres of Philippine land,
with the provision as to occupancy and improvement and restriction
as to alienation contained in the organic act, is, of course, very effec-
tual to keep Americans from purchasing, and the question is not very
important now, except that any departure from the provisions of the
organic act is certain to be the source of more or less agitation and
criticism, and Congress should pass an act that will set at rest any
doubt about the matter. We believe that the amount that can be
secured as a homestead should be increased to 100 acres and that citi-
zens of the United States not in the Philippine service should be quali-
fied entrymen. We do not believe that those in the Philippine service,
whether in or out of the department of the interior, should be per-
mitted to acquire public lands of any kind outside of town sites, and
then only such amount as is necessary for a residence. The matter
of supreme importance to the Government and people of the United
States in the Philippine Islands is the orderly administration of the
government. It is not alone necessary that our officials there should
be just, honest, and disinterested, but also that everything should be
avoided that could be made the basis of a suspicion that they are not
and give rise to criticism and political agitation. This applies to
leases of public lands as well as to purchase.
SALE OF THE SAN JOSE ESTATE.
This estate was not sold to the Sugar Trust, but it was sold to its
next-door neighbor. One of the men to whom it was sold, Horace
Havemeyer, was at the time a director of the American Sugar Refin-
ing Co. Another, Charles H. Senfl', had been its vice president, and
XXXVIII ADMINISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE UVNDS.
the third, who appears to be largely the moving spirit in the trans-
action, is Charles J. Welch, a sugar commission merchant and a
large producer of sugar in Cuba and Hawaii. They appreciated the
profit certain to be made by the establishment of a large sugar plan-
tation in the Philippines, with a modern mill for the manufacture of
raw sugar, after 300,000 tons of sugar should be permitted to come
into the United States free of duty, as it now does under the provi-
sions of the Payne Tariff Act. The}^ were quick to seize the business
opportunity presented, and sent agents to the Philippines to locate
suitable lands. Capt. Sleeper, chief of the bureau of public lands,
solicited them to buy the San Jose estate. It was tejftantless and
vacant, and there was no hope to sell it for many years, if ever, to
small landholders.
It had cost the government a large sum of money, which money
had been borrowed, and each year an additional sum had to be paid
out for interest. The island on which it was located was sparsely
settled and there was no hope to secure tenants for it. There seemed
nothing ahead, unless it could be sold to some capitalist who desired
to establish a large plantation, except to let it be idle and profitless
and continue to pay out interest upon the investment. That is but
a fair statement of the situation, and it is but fair to the officials of
the interior department to state it in that way. They were charged
with the duty of selling all the friar lands and turning the proceeds
into the sinking fund to meet the bonds issued for their purchase
when due, and naturally they felt that they would be expected to get
the best results obtainable, and that it was a good business proposi-
tion for the Philippine Government and for the Filipino people, who
will have to pay any deficit in the sinking fund, to sell the San Jose
estate to whatever person was ready, able, and willing to pay a fair
price for it. They believed, also, tliat a sugar plantation, conducted
along modern lines, would be of real educational value to the people
of the islands. C{>[)ital has been very shy of the Philippines, more
so than these ofiicials thought was justified, and they have believed
that its investment there would bring about the development of the
great natural resources of the islands, and they have been somewhat
impatient with the slowness with which it has been attracted there.
We believe these views were honestly entertained, and what was
done in pursuance thereof was done in the spirit of helpfulness and
with a conviction that it was for the best interest of all concerned.
We fully concur with the conclusion of the majority that there was
nothing in the organic act that prohibited the sale; that the limitation
of 16 hectares that natural persons could purchase of the agricultural
public land did not apply to the friar lands seems to us a conclusion
that can not be escaped, and there is nothing #e can add to the clear
exposition of the law on that subject set out in the foregoing report.
We are confident that the same interpretation will be placed upon the
sections discussed and construed by the committee, by the courts if
the questions involved ever reach them, and unless Congress acts
speedily and removes all doubt upon those questions the law officers
of this Government should bring a proceeding that will settle them.
The sale of the friar lands or the public lands in large tracts, as In the
case of the San Jose estate, should in the future be absolutely pro-
ABMIlSriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XXXIX:
hibiterl. A proper limitation should, as promptly as possible, be
placed upon the amount of such lands that can be acquired by both
natural persons and corporations. The San Jose incident is one that
should stand as a warning both to the Philippine Government and the
United States. Mr. Welch had no sooner acquired the San Jose
estate for himself and immediate associates than he caused to be
organized what have been described in the majority report as the
California corporations.
The stockholders of these corporations are made up of his wife,
brothers-in-law, business associates, and clerks. Of course, he is the
dominating figure, and by the community of interest that is apparent
in the situation, there is, to all practical intents and purposes, a
holding of about 62,000 acres of Philippine land by one person. It
is possible that Mr. Welch and these California corporations and
their stockholders have violated the inhibitions of section 75 against
members of one corporation engaged in agriculture being interested
in similar corporations, and in the light of the testimony developed
in this hearing that matter should have the attention of the Philip-
pine law officers. The whole matter has worked out in such manner
as to clearly indicate what will happen if the Philippines are thrown
open to exploitation by American capitalists. The reason and his-
tory of the friar-land purchase are very clearly set out in the
majority report. By the provisions of section 63 of the organic act
the Philippine Government is given the power to acquire, hold, and
convey title to real and personal property, and is also empowered to
acquire real estate for public uses hy the exercise of the right of
eminent domain. Section 64 provides in part:
That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section sixty-three may also be exercised
in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments which, on the
thirteenth of August, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, were owned or held by
associations, corporations, communities,' religious orders, or private individuals in
such large tracts or parcels or in such manner as in the opinion of the commission
injuriously to affect the peace and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands.
If the balance of the unoccupied friar lands, amounting to about
125,000 acres, is permitted to go in large tracts into the hands of
American capitalists, that will, with the San Jose estate, amount to
practically one-half of them being accjuired by large landowners,
no one of which will, in all probability, live in the islands, and it may
be but the commencement of a system of absentee landlordism that
might develop into a system equally as obnoxious as the old one under
the friars. The reason for purchasing the friar lands was largely
political. It was to get rid of a class that disturbed political con-
ditions. That object has been attained, and it was worth all it cost
if not another dollar is returned to the treasury to pay the bonds
issued to buy the lands. We should make this policy plain to our
officials in the islands by placing a reasonable limitation upon the
amount of friar lands that can be acquired by an individual. As the
lands are in a class distinct from the public lands of the United States
Government, and as they were acquired by bonds now a charge
upon the people of the islands, and as the proceeds of sales go to
discharge those bonds, we quite agree that they may well be sold in
tracts somewhat larger than 40 acres, and that more liberal require-
XL ADMINISTBATION OF PHrLIPPrNE LANDS.
ment as to cultivation and restriction on alienation and encumbrance
might be made, and we join most heartily in commending to Congress
consideration of the question of placing a reasonable limitation upon
the quantity of friar lands that may be acquired by an individual,
and we indulge the hope that until Congress has had opportunity
to act that no further sales will be made of such lands in large tracts.
E. H. Hubbard
C. R. Davis.
E. H. Madison.
Exhibit A.
Opinion of the law officer of the Bureau of Lands on the question whether the Director of
Lands has authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to purchase from the
Government, vacant and unoccupied lands, constituting a portion of the friar-lands
purchase, without restriction as to area.
Sir: Pursuant to your verbal instructions I have the honor to submit the following
opinion:
QUESTION,
Has the Director of Lands authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to
purchase from the Government, vacant and unoccupied lands, constituting a portion
of the "friar-lands" purchase, without a restriction as to area?
For the determination of this question it is first necessary to determine whether
the so-called friar lands are "public lands" within the meaning of the public-land
act, and so subject to the restriction that not more than 16 hectares of unoccupied
and unreserved public land can be acquired by purchase from the Government by an
individual.
Section 10 of the public-land act, referring to sales of the public domain, restricts
the operation of the public-land act, as regulating sales of the public domain, to
"unoccupied, unappropriated, and unreserved, nonmineral, agricultural public land,
as defined in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902."
The definition referred to, contained in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, is found
in section 12 thereof as follows:
"All property and rights which may have been acquired in the Philippine Islands
by the United States, under the treaty of peace with Spain signed December 10, 1898,
except such land or other property as shall be designated by the President of the
United States for military and other reservations of the Government of the United
States, are hereby placed under the control of the government of said islands, to be
administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof, except as provided in this
act."
At the date of the signing of the treaty of Paris, the so-called friar lands were of private
ownership, and the government acquired no property or rights in them (except those
of eminent domain, which it exercises over all property of private ownership). Sub-
sequently the government, under special authority of Congress, acquired these lands
by purchase from their then owners, and, except for any restrictions imposed by Con-
gress or by legislation subsequently enacted by the Philippine Commission or the
legislature, it is as free to dispose of them as would be any private purchaser from the
former owners.
The restrictions imposed by Congress in this respect are contained in section 65 of
said act of July 1, 1902, and are as follows:
" Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute
a part and portion of the public property of the government of the Philippine Islands,
and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years after their acquisition by said government on such terms and conditions
as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act:
Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be payable in the
money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized
to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding section, and said deferred pay-
ments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All moneys realized or
received from sale or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall constitute
a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds, and also constitute
a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their maturity. Actual settlers and
occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the government shall have the pref-
erence over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within such rea-
sonable time as may be determined by said government."
XLn ADMINISTItATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Section 65 of the Philippine act, just quoted, expressly authorizes the sale of these
lands, subject only to the limitations imposed in the act itself , with the proviso that actual
settlers and occupants at the time of purchase shall have the prior right to lease and
purchase. This proviso has no application in the present case, as the lands under
discussion are unoccupied and vacant and were so at the time of the purchase.
An examination of the Philippine act of July 1, 1902, fails to disclose any restriction
as to the amount of vacant friar lands that may be sold to or acquired by an individual,
and there is none in existing legislation.
The existing prohibition against a corporation engaged in agriculture owning
or controlling more than 1 ,024 hectares of land is not to be extended by implication
to include an individual or even a voluntary association of individuals; it is a piece of
what is popularly known as "antitrust" or " anticorporation " legislation, and numer-
ous reasons can be assigned as to why the legislature saw fit to make the prohibition
as to corporations and not as to individuals.
It is true that in section 9 of the friar-lands act, No. 1120, the Director of Lands was
directed to proceed in the sale or leasing of vacant friar lands "as provided in Chapter
II of the public-land act," but this unquestionably referred to method to be followed
and the steps to be taken in such leasing or selling and not to the restrictions that
limited an individual purchaser to 16 hectares.
If there were any doubt on this latter point, it is of no importance now, as this pro-
vision of section 9 of act No. 1120 was repealed by act No. 1847.
I am of the opinion that the Director of Lands may sell and an individual purchaser
may acquire vacant and unoccupied friar lands without any restriction as to area.
Very respectfully,
Louis C. Knight,
Attorney, Bureau oj Lands,
The Director of Lands,
Manila, P.I.
Certified as correct copy:
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Exhibit B.
Opinion of the attorney general, Philippine Islands, on the question whether the director
of lands has authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to purcJtase from the
Government, vacant and unoccupied lands, constituting a portion of the friar-lands
purchase, without restriction as to area.
Manila, October 18, 1909.
Sir: In compliance with your request of the 12th instant, I have the honor to
render an opinion upon the following question:
Has the director of lands authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to
purchase from the Government, vacant and unoccupied lands constituting a portion
of the friar-lands purchase without a restriction as to area?
It appears from your communication that this question has arisen from an inquiry
that was made in the United States as to the purchase of the San Jose de Mindoro
estate by an individual, and you say it is understood that an opinion was offered at the
Bureau of Insular Affairs that an individual could not purchase more than 16 hectares
of unoccupied friar lands. As I can not agree with that opinion, I shall state at some
length the grounds upon which my conclusion is based.
The question submitted seems to involve a determination of whether or not the
so-called friar lands, in making sales thereof, are to be treated as public lands, so
as to make applicable thereto the restrictions of the public-land act as to the area
which may be sold to an individual.
The purchase of the properties known as the friar lands was authorized by Congress
in sections 63, 64, and 65 of the act of July 1, 1902, known as the Philippine bill.
The Congress of the United States, after providing in section 63 of said act that the
Government might acquire, receive, hold, maintain, and convey title to real and per-
sonal property, subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in said act, and
after providing in section 64 for the purchase of the so-called friar lands, further pro-
vided in section 65 as follows:
"That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute a part
and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands,
and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years after their acquisition by said Government on such terms and conditions
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XL! 1 1
as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act:
Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be payable in the
money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized
to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding section and said deferred pay-
ments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All moneys realized or
received from sales or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall constitute
a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds and also constitute
a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their maturity. Actual settlers and
occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the Government shall have the prefer-
ence over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within such reasonable
time as may be determined by said Government."
It will be observed that saidf section 65 provides "that all lands acquired by virtue
of the preceding section shall constitute a part and portion of the public property of
the Government of the Philippine Islands;" we must first ascertain whether these
so-called friar lands as public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands
are to be considered "public lands" in the sense in which those words are used in the
public-land act.
Section 12 of said act of Congress of July 1, 1902, known as the Philippine bill, pro-
vides as follows:
"That all the property and rights which may have been acquired in the Philippine
Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with Spain, signed on Decem-
ber tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, except such land or other property as
shall be designated by the President of the United States for military and other
reservations of the Government of the United States, are hereby placed under the
control of the Government of said islands, to be administered for the benefit of the
inhabitants thereof, except as provided in this act."
After providing in said section 12 of the Philippine bill for the administration by
the Government of the Philippine Islands of the property and rights which were
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace
with Spain, with the exception stated, the Congress of the United States provided
in section 13 as follows:
"That the Government of the Philippine Islands, subject to the provisions of this
act and except as herein provided, shall classify according to its agricultural character
and productiveness, and shall immediately make rules and regulations for the lease,
sale, or other disposition of the public lands other than timber or mineral lands, but
such rules and regulations shall not go into effect or have the force of law until they
have received the approval of the President, and when approved by the President
they shall be submitted by him to Congress at the beginning of the next ensuing ses-
sioft thereof, and unless disapproved or amended by Congress at said session they shall
at the close of such period have the force and effect of law in the Philippine Islands:
Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed 16 hectares in extent."
It should be noted that these provisions of the act of Congress relate to public lands
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace
with Spain. Under said authority conferred by Congress, the Government of the
Philippine Islands administers the public lands of the United States in the Philippine
Islands for the benefit of the inhabitants of these islands, and, pursuant thereto, the
Philippine Commission passed Act No. 926, entitled, as amended by act No. 979:
"An act prescribing rules and regulations governing the homesteading, selling,
and leasing of portions of the public domain of the Philippine Islands, prescribing
terms and conditions to enable persons to perfect their titles to public lands in said
islands, providing for the issuance of patents without compensation to certain native
settlers upon the public lands, providing for the establishment of town sites and sale
of lots therein, and providing for a hearing and decision by the court of land registration
of all applications for the completion and confirmation of all imperfect and incomplete
Spanish concessions and grants in said islands, as authorized by sections thirteen,
fourteen, and fifteen of the act of Congress of July first, nineteen hundred and two,
entitled 'An act temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of civil
government in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes.' "
Sections 12 and 13 of said act of Congress, above quoted, relate only to "property
and rights which may have been acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United
States under the treaty of peace with Spain " ; while under the provisions of section 65
of the same act, the friar lands, when acquired, became a portion of the public property
of the Government of the Philippine Islands; so that said lands could not have been
considered in tjie enactment of sections 12 and 13 of the Philippine bill, nor in the
passage of the public-land act.
In Chapter II of said public-land act, under the heading "Sales of portions of the
public domain," it is provided in section 10 that any citizen of the Philippine Islands,
or of the United States, or of any insular possession thereof, or any corporation or like
XLIV ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
association of persons organized under the laws of the Philippine Islands, or any State,
Territory, or insular possession thereof, and authorized to transact business in the
Philippine Islands, may purchase any tract of unoccupied, unappropriated, and
unreserved nonmineral agricultural public land in the Philippine Islands, as defined
in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, not to exceed 16 hectares for an individual or
1,024 hectares for a corporation or like association, etc.
It will be observed that in said section 13 of the Philippine bill, above quoted,
the Congress made provision with reference to the lease, sale, or other disposition
of the "public lands" other than timber or mineral lands, and in the heading to said
Chapter II of the public-land act the commission used the term "public domain,"
and in said section 10 used the term "public land." The term "public land" and
the terra "public domain" are here used synonymously; in fact, these terms mean
the same thing. (Barker v. Harvey, 181 U. S., 481, 490, citing Newhall v. Sanger,
92 U. S., 761, 763; see also Bardon v. U. P. R. P. Co., 145 U. S., 335, 538, and Mann v.
Tacoma Land Co., 153 U. S., 273, 284.)
The supreme court of the Philippine Islands, in the case of Montano v. Insular
Government (12 Phil. Rep., 572), held that "in acts of the Congress of the United
States the term 'public lands' is uniformly used to describe so much of the national
domain under the legislative power of the Congress as has not been subjected to
private right or devoted to public use."
In the course of its decision in said case the Supreme Court, in referring to the
former case of Mapa v. The Insular Government (10 Phil. Rep., 175), said:
"In the concurring opinion, in order to avoid misapprehension on the part of those
not familiar with United States land legislation and a misunderstanding of the reach
of the doctrine it w^as pointed out that under the decisions of the Supreme Court of
the United States the phrase ^public lands' is held to be equivalent to 'public domain'
and does not by any means include all lands of Government ownership, but only so
much of said lands as are thrown open to private appropriation and settlement: by
homestead and other like general laws. Accordingly, 'Government land' and 'public
land' are not synonymous terms; the first includes not only the second, but also other
lands of the Government already reserved or devoted to public use or subject to
private right. In other words, the Government owns real estate which is part of the
'public lands' and other real estate which is not part thereof."
At the time of the ratification of the treaty of peace between the United States and
Spain, and long prior thereto, the lands now known as the friar lands were occupied,
appropriated, and of private ownership. The government of the Philippine Islands
was specially authorized by the Congress to acquire said lands, and accordingly pur-
chased them. The act of Congress provides that the actual settlers and occupants at
the time of the acquisition of said lands by the Government shall have the preference
over all others, to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings. It is therefore clear that
the friar lands, as public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands, are
not "public lands" in the sense in which that term is used in the Philippine bill and
in the public-land act; and, except as it may be limited by legislation, the Govern-
ment is as free to sell or otherwise dispose of said lands as would be any purchaser of
of real estate of private ownership.
With a view to carrying out the powers conferred upon the Philippine Government
in said act of ('ongrcss, with reference to the acquisition, administration, lease, and
sale of the so-called friar lands, the Philippine Commission passed act No. 1120, en-
titled:
"An act providing for the administration and temporary leasing and sale of certain
haciendas and parcels of land, commonly known as friar lands, for the purchase of
which the (^rovernment of the Philippine Islands has recently contracted, pursuant to
the provisions of sections sixty-three, sixty-four, and sixty-five of an act of the Con-
gress of the Ihiited States entitled 'An act temporarily to provide for the administra-
tion of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for other pur-
poses,' approved on the first day of July, nineteen hundred and two."
And in the preamble of said act the Philippine Commission said:
"Whereas the said lands are not 'public lands' in the sense in which those words
are used in the public-land act, numbered nine hundred and twenty-six, and can not
be acquired or leased under the provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper
agencies for carrying out the terms of said contracts of purchase and the requirements of
said act of Congress with reference to the leasing and selling of said lands and the
creation of a sinking fund to secure the payment of the bonds so issued: Now, there-
fore," etc.
It thus appears that the Philippine Commission itself held that the friar lands are
not "public lands" in the legal sense of thovse words; and the provisions of said act
No. 1120, with reference to the sale of the friar lands, are so different from the provisions
ADMIISriSTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XLV
of the public-land act relating to the sale of portions of the public lands it appears to
be unquestionable that the provisions of the public-land act have no application
whatever to the sale or other disposition of the friar lands; but we must look to said act
of Congress of July 1, 1902, and to said act No. 1120 and its amendments for the provi-
sions of law relating to the sale or other disposition of said friar lands, and, in the absence
of any restrictions in said legislation as to the amount of vacant or unoccupied friar
lands which may be sold to or acquired by an individual, it must be held that there are
no such restrictions.
In this connection attention is invited to the fact that it was originally provided in
section 9 of said act, No. 1120, as follows:
' ' In the event the chief of the bureau of public lands should find any of the said lands
vacant, he is directed to take possession and charge thereof, and he may either lease
such unoccupied lands for a term not exceeding three years or oi er the same for sale,
as in his judgment may seem for the best interests of the Government, and in making
such sales he shall proceed as provided in chapter 2 of the public-land act."
Said section 9 was amended by the Philippine Legislature on June 3, 1908, in act
No. 1847, to read as follows:
"In the event the director of lands should find any of the said lands vacant, he is
directed to take possession and charge thereof, and he may either lease such unoccupied
lands for a term not exceeding three years or offer the same for sale as in his judgment
may seem for the best interests of the Government, and in making such sales he shall
proceed as provided in section 11 of this act,"
Thereafter, on May 20, 1909, in act No. 1933, the Philippine Legislature again
amended said section 9 to read as follows :
' ' In the event the director of lands should find any of said lands vacant he is directed
to take possession and charge thereof, and he may either lease such unoccupied lands
for a term not exceeding three years, or sell same, as may be solicited, and in making
such leases or such sales he shall proceed as provided in section 11 of this act."
It thus appears that whatever may have been the meaning of the words "as provided
in chapter 2 of the public-land act" in said section 9 as originally enacted, these
words now have no meaning or application in the lease or sale of the friar lands, but
in making such leases or such sales the director of lands shall proceed as provided in
section 11 of said friar-lands act.
Said section 11, as amended by acts Nos. 1847 and 1933, is as follows:
"Should any person who is the actual and bona fide settler upon and occupant
of any portion of said lands at the time the same is conveyed to the Government of the
Philippine Islands desire to purchase the land so occuj)ied by him, he shall be enti-
tled to do so at the actual cost thereof to the Government, and sliall be allowed to pay
for same in equal annual or semiannual installments: Provided, lioivevcr, That payment
by installments shall be in such amounts and at such time that the entire amount of
the purchase price, with interest accrued, shall be paid at least one year before the
maturity of what are known as the 'friar-land bonds,' issued under the provisious of
act Numbered One thousand and thirty-four, that is, on or before February first,
nineteen hundred and thirty-three. The terms of purchase shall be agreed upon
between the purchaser and the director of lands, subject to the approval of the Sec-
retary of the Interior and all deferred payments on the purchase price shall bear
interest at the rate of four per centum per annum.
'' In case of lease of vacant lands, as well as in case of sale of some imder the provi-
sions of section nine of this act, the director of lands shall notify the municipal presi-
dent or municipal presidents of the municipality or municipalities in which said
lands lie before the same takes place. Upon receipt of such noti lication by said munici-
pal president or municipal presidents the latter shall pul^lish the same for three con-
secutive days, by bandillos, in the poblacion and barrio nr barrios affected, and shall
certify all these acts to the director of lands, who shall then, and not before, proceed
to execute the contract of lease or to make the said sale with preference, other condi-
tions being equal, to the purchaser who has been a tenant or bona fide occupant at any
tinui of the said lands or part thereof, and if there has been more than one occupant,
to the last tenant or occupant: Provided, however, That no contract for the lease of and
no sale of vacant lands made in accordance with this section shall be valid nor of any
effect without the requisite as to publication by bandillos above provided."
It therefore clearly appears that the restrictions of the public-land act with refer-
ence to the amount of public land which may be sold to an individual, or to a corpora-
tion or like association of persons, are not applicable in the sale of the friar lands;
but that the only restrictions with reference to the sale or other disposition of the
friar lands are to be found in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, providing for the
purchase of said lands, and in act No. 1120 and its amendments providing for the
administration, lease, and sale thereof.
XLVI ADMIISriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
This inquiry relates only to the authority of the director of lands to "sell to an
individual or an individual to purchase from the Government vacant and unoccupied
lands constituting a portion of the friar-lands purchase without a restriction as to
area"; but it may not be amiss to call attention to the provisions of section 75 of the
Philippine bill, as follows:
"That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying and
selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may be
reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purpose for whirh it is created, and
every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be restricted
to the ownership and control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four hectares
of land; and it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in agri-
culture or mining and for any corporation organized for any prupose except irrigation
to be in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture or in
mining. Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and pur-
chase real estate when. necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose of
real estate so obtained within five years after receiving the title. Corporations not
organized in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein shall be bound by the
provisions of this section so far as they are applicable."
An attention is also invited to the proviso of paragraph 5 of section 13 of act No. 1459,
as follows :
"That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying and
gelling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may be
reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created,
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall be restricted to the
ownership and control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four hectares of
land; and it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in agriculture
or mining and for any corporation organized for any purpose except irrigation to be
in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture or in mining.
Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and purchase real
estate when necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose of real estate
so obtained within five years after receiving the title."
In view of all the provisions of law affecting the subject matter of your inquiry,
I am of the opinion that there is no provision of law limiting the area of the friar lands
which may be sold to an individual or which an individual may acquire from the
Government, and that there are no restrictions as to the amount of such lands which
may be sold to or be acquired by a corporation, except the provisions of said section
75 of the Philippine bill and paragraph 5 of section 13 of the corporation law, above
quoted.
Very respectfully, Geo. R. Harvey,
Solicitor General.
The Director of Lands,
Manila,
Approved:
Ignacio Villamor,
'' Attorney General.
Exhibit G.
Supplementary opinion of attorney general Philippine Islands,
A careful examination of the speech delivered by Mr. Martin on the floor of the
House, June 13, 1910, in so far as it deals with the legal aspect of the so-called friar-land
sales, shows that his whole contention may be concisely stated as follows:
"That the words 'subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act'
appearing in sections 63, 64, and 65 of the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, refer to the
16-hectare limitation to an individual and 1,024 hectares to a corporation as provided
in section 15 of said act."
A similar question has been decided by the undersigned in an opinion rendered
October 18, 1909. In view, however, of the important proportions which the debate
on this question has attained, I deem it proper to supplement said opinion with the
following statement:
In the opinion above referred to it was held that so-called friar lands may be sold to
an individual without limitation as to area, but as regards corporations not more than
1,024 hectares could be sold by virtue and under the provisions of section 75 of the
organic act and section 13, paragraph 5, of act No. 1459 of the Philippine Commission.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XLVII
It has repeatedly been asserted that the limitatioik contained in section 15 of the
Philippine bill, to wit, not more than 16 hectares of public lands to an individual, for
homestead purposes, is also applicable to friar lands.
Attention is called to the distinction made in said opinion between lands of the
public domain, or lands acquired by the United States under the treaty of Paris, and
the lands purchased from the religious orders by the Philippine Government by
authority of Congress. The disposition of such lands is subject to certain conditions
and limitations expressly provided for each of them, and said conditions and limita-
tions can not indifferently be made applicable to either without annulling the very
object of the act of Congress of July 1, 1902.
If the friar lands, after their acquisition by the Philippine Government, had been
added to the public lands, as contended in Mr. Storey's opinion in refutation of the one
rendered by Attorney General Wickersham, it would be beyond question that the limi-
tations prescribed for public lands would be applicable to friar lands. In my judgment,
a perusal of section 65 of said act of Congress leaves no ground for such an assumption.
Congressman Martin (Congressional Record, June 17, 1910, p. 8482) made the state-
ment that —
"The Philippine Commission by the public-land act, passed October 7, 1903, sub-
jected the public lands to the limitations contained in section 15 of the organic act, and
by the friar-land act, passed April 26, 1904, subjected the friar lands to the limitations
contained in the public-land act. These acts of the commission were merely declara-
tory of the organic law."
It is unquestionable that the limitation in section 15 of the organic act is embodied
in section 10 of the public-land act of the Philippines, but section 9 of the friar-land act
applies the restrictions of the public-land act only upon unoccupied friar lands. This
limitation of the friar-land act was not provided in compliance with section 15 of the
organic act. The Philippine Commission, acting in accordance with the powers thereto
vested by section 65 of said organic act, deemed it convenient to impose the same
limitation as to area upon the unoccupied friar lands. Section 9 of act 1120 of the
Philippine Commission (the friar-land act) is not merely declaratory of section 15 of
the organic act, inasmuch as the public-land act (No. 926), referred to in the friar-land
act, contains provisions not included in said section 15, viz, provisions for the survey
of the land in continuous legal subdivisions, provisions for the sale by competitive
bidding, and fixing the rate of interest at 6 per cent per annum.
It is to be noted that section 9 of act 1120 was amended by act 1847 which abolished
said limitation on friar lands, and was further amended by act 1933 of the Philippine
Legislature. Both amendatory acts were submitted to the United States Congress,
in compliance with section 86 of the organic act, and not having been annulled, it
may be reasonably assumed that Congress in conferring authority upon the Philippine
Commission to enact said friar-land act, recognized in the Philippine Legislature the
power to amend the same.
An examination of the provisions of the Philippine bill which have direct bearing
upon the question at issue, shows that in the enactment of provisions relating to the
lease, sale, or other disposition of the agricultural public lands of the United States,
Congress provided the conditions and limitations under which said lands might be
disposed of. In the enactment of provisions for the disposition of the mineral lands.
Congress provided the limitations and conditions under which said mineral lands
might be disposed of. In the enactment of provisions authorizing the Philippine
Government to purchase private lands, then owned and held by religious orders and
others. Congress provided the limitations and conditions under which said lands might
be acqinred by the Philippine Government, and also certain limitations and conditions
under which they might be sold, leased, or otherwise disposed of by said Government,
and it is not reasonable, logical, or sensible to contend that the limitations and condi-
tions prescribed with reference to public lands of the United States are applicable
in the sale or other disposition of the friar lands purchased by the Philippine Govern-
ment. There is nothing in the act to show that such was the intention of Congress
and such a conclusion can only result from the confusion arising from treating the
friar lands as public lands of the United States, and ignoring the very clear distinction
between public lands of the United States and the friar lands of the Philippine
Government.
It will be observed that in section 16 of the organic act it is provided that "the prior
right hereby secured to an occupant of (public) land who can show no other proof of
title than possession, shall not apply to more than 16 hectares in any one tract." On
the other hand, section 65 of the same act provides that '^actual settlers and occupants
at the time said (friar) lands are acquired by the Government shall have the preference
oyer all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within such reasonable
Hme as may be determined by said Government." The distinction in the foregoing
XLVIII ADMI]SriSTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
provisions relating to public and friar lands shows that the limitation of 16 hectares to
an individual is not applicable to friar lands.
In authorizing the Philippine Government to acquire by purchase said friar lands,
it was clearly the intention of Congress to end the serious agrarian troubles that had
arisen between the tenants of said lands and the friars. The solution intended was to
sell the lands in such areas as they occupied. Referring to said lands, the Senate
report (Mar. 31, 1902) stated:
"The bill provides a method by which the Government can buy these lands from
the friars and transfer them on suitable terms to the actual occupants."
How could actual settlers and occupants of large areas be given the preference over
all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings if they were to be limited to the
small area of 16 hectares?
The Philippine bill was introduced in the Senate January 7, 1902, and reported by
the committee March 31. This report states in part (S. Kept. No. 915, 57th Cong.,
1st sess.):
"The two sections following these relate to the granting of franchises in the Philip-
pine Islands (sees. 74 and 75). The committee feel that it is of the greatest importance
for the proper development of the islands that capital be encouraged to enter the
islands, but in order to prevent any improper exploitation which would be to the
detriment of the inhabitants these sections are strongly guarded. Ample opportunity
is given to capital, but the restrictions are rigid. This portion of the bill was drawn
with the greatest care, and it seems to the committee that, as drawn, every public
interest is safely guarded, while at the same time due encouragement is given to
capital."
The rendering of this committee report was followed by a lively debate in the
Senate. Congressman Martin, in support of his conclusion that the clause in section
65, "subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act," refer to the
16-hectare limitation to an individual and 1,024 hectares to a corporation, quotes
(Cong. Rec, p. 8497) passages of the debate in the Senate. It will be noted that every
one of the speakers discussed franchises to corporations, as provided in the sections
referred to in the above quoted report, Nos. 74 and 75, act of Congress of July 1, 1902.
On May 9, 1902, Senator Teller, as quoted by Mr. Martin, spoke of the bill, and
said, in part, as follows:
"I want some one to tell me why a corporation should be permitted to take 5,000
acres of land there. If 1 corporation may take 5,000 acres, 10 corporations may each
take 5,000 acres."
That the Senator had reference to the franchise provision of the organic act in ref-
erence to friar lands may be seen from the following excerpt of Mr. Foraker's speech
(Cong. Rec, p. 5290):
' ' Now, in this bill a provision is made to solve the difficulty we are having on account
of these friar lands being tied up in this way, which provision has been criticized by
the Senator from Colorado (Mr. Teller)."
Senator Deboe, also quoted by Mr. Martin, on May 16, speaking of the Philippine
bill, reported by Mr. Lodge's committee, said:
"It ought to be arranged so as to open up the islands to settlement by the people
and guard against too much liberality against corporations."
Senator Beveridge is next cited by Mr. Martin, who, in answer to Senator Dubois,
on May 23, said (p. 5866):
"He spoke of syndicates taking these lands, and yet the Senator knows that in this
bill it is provided that no corporation shall own more than 5,000 acres of land."
Subsequently, on May 27, Senator Patterson also spoke of the franchise provisions
of the Philippine bill, stating (p. 5966):
**I call attention to the provision which authorizes the commission to dispose of
the public lands in tracts of 5,000 acres."
It will appear from the foregoing that in every single instance the debate was directed
against ''too much liberality against corporations," and every speaker took up
that portion of the bill providing franchises to corporations and the area of land they
could acquire under the law. Immediately after the debate. May 29, 1902, Mr. Lodge
offered several amendments, one of them, couched in the words "subject to the limi-
tations and conditions prescribed in this act," contained in section 65 of said organic
act, having been interpreted to refer to the limitations provided for in section 15 of
said act. The interpretation of said limiting clause has become the paramount issue
in this controversy.
In this connection, attention is invited to the fact that the clause above quoted
was inserted at a time when the bill before the Senate did not contain section 15.
As above noted, the franchise provisions of the organic act were attacked in the
Senate, and therefore the amendment passed by that body had reference to section
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. XLIX
75 of the act prescribing the limitation of 1,024 hectares of land to a corporation, and
not to section 15, which applies exclusively to public lands and only became a part
of the act under discussion after the Lodge amendment had been approved.
The record shows that the Senate objected to sales of friar lands in great areas to
corporations.
In conclusion it is submitted that said limiting clause in section 65 of the organic
act could only refer to sections 64, 65, and also to section 75, ysrhich prescribes the limi-
tation of area on all corporations in general and not to section 15, which exclusively
applies to public lands and to corporations desiring to acquire such lands, and there-
fore the opinion of the undersigned rendered October 18, 1909, hereinbefore mentioned,
is in accordance with law.
Washington, D. C, January 6, 1911.
Ignacio Villamor,
Attorney General for the Philippine Islands.
Exhibit D.
Opinion of the Attorney General Philippine Islands as to what lands of the so-called
friar estates are now to he considered as ^^ vacant lands," and therefore requiring the pub-
lication of ^^bandillos" as provided by section 3 of act No. 1933, before such lands
may be legally sold or leased by the director of lands, illustrating the fact that all occu-
pants of friar lands have been considered as having a preferential right to purchase their
holdings.
Bureau of Justice,
Office of the Attorney General,
Manila, June IS, 1909.
Sir: I have the honor, in response to your letter of May 25, 1909, to submit an
opinion upon the following question:
What lands of the so-called friar estates are now to be considered as being "vacant
lands," and therefore requiring the publication of '^bandillos," as provided by section
3 of act No. 1933, before such lands may be legally sold or leased by the Director of
Lands?
The second paragraph of section 11 of act No. 1120, was added to said section by
act No. 1847 and was amended by section 3 of act No. 1933 to read as follows:
"In case of lease of vacant lands, as well as in case of sale of same under the pro-
visions of section nine of this act, the director of lands shall notify the municipal
president or municipal presidents of the municipality or municipalities in which
said lands lie before the same takes place. Upon receipt of such notification by said
municipal president or municipal presidents the latter shall publish the same for
three consecutive days, by bandillos, in the poblaci6n and barrio or barrios affected,
and shall certify all these acts to the director of lands who shall then, and not before,
proceed to execute the contract of lease or to make the said sale with preference, other
conditions being equal, to the purchaser who has been a tenant or bona fide occupant
at any time of the said lands or part thereof, and if there has been more than one
occupant to the last tenant or occupant: Provided, however, That no contract for the
lease of and no sale of vacant lands made in accordance with this section shall be valid
nor of any effect without the requisite as to publication by bandillos, above provided."
Said act No. 1933 was passed by the legislature on May 20, 1909, and was enacted to
take effect on its passage.
It would seem to be clear that the said amendment refers to lands which were vacant
at the time of the passage of said act No. 1933, and does not refer to all lands which
were vacant upon the date of the purchase of the friar lands by the Government, some
of which have since been leased by the Government to certain tenants not included
under the heading of "Actual and bona fide occupants."
The term * ' vacant lands " as used in said act can only mean lands that are unoccupied
and lying idle without being leased under the provisions of the friar-lands act. When
it is proposed to sell or lease any portion of such unoccupied lands it will be necessary
for the director of lands to notiiy the municipal president, who will cause bandillos to
be published for three days in the poblacidn and the barrio or barrios affected, and
when the municipal president shall certify such fact to the director of lands the latter
shall proceed to sell or lease said land, as the case may be, giving preference to a former
occupant of said land, if there be one, and if there has been more than one occupant,
to the last tenant or occupant.
The said act No. 1933 can not in any way affect or invalidate the contracts of lease or
the sales of such lands made since the purchase thereof by the Government and before
82278°~H. Rept. 2289, 61-^ 4
h ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the passage of said amendment, but can only apply to leases and sales made after its
passage.
It follows therefore that all lands which were vacant at the time of the passage of
said act, or which later become vacant by surrender of leases or otherwise, are subject
to the provisions of said amendatory act.
Very respectfully, Geo. R. Harvey,
Solicitor General,
Director of Lands, Manila.
Approved :
Ignacio Villamor, Attorney General.
Exhibit E,
Opinion of Attorney General Wichersham,
Department op Justice,
Washington, December 18, 1909.
The Secretary op War.
Sir: In your letter of December 4th instant you request an opinion upon the ques-
tion 'Whether section 15 of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902, entitled 'An
act temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of civil government
in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes,' limiting the amount of land which
may be acquired by individuals and corporations, is made applicable by section 65
of said act to the estates purchased from religious orders in the Philippine Islands
pursuant to the authority conferred upon the Philippine Government by sections 63,
64, and said section 65 of the act mentioned."
Section 15 must be taken in connection with sections 12 and 13, which are as follows:
"Sec 12. That all the projperty and rights which may have been acquired in the
Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with Spain, signed
December 10, 1898, except such land or other property as shall be designated by the
President of the United States for military and other reservations of the Government
of the United States, are hereby placed under the control of the government of said
islands, to be administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof, except as pro-
vided in this act.
"Sec 13. That the Government of the Philippine Islands, subject to the provisions
of this act and except as herein provided, shall classify according to its agricultural
character and productiveness, and shall immediately make rules and regulations for
the lease, sale, or other disposition of the public lands other than timber or mineral
lands; but such rules and regulations shall not go into effect or have the force of
law until they have received the approval of the President, and when approved by
the President they shall be submitted by him to Congress at the beginning of the
ensuing session thereof, and, unless disapproved or amended by Congress at said
session, they shall at the close of such period have the force and effect of law in the
Philippine Islands: Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed 16
hectares in extent."
Section 15 then provides:
"That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and empow-
ered, on such terms as it may prescribe by general legislation, to provide for the grant-
ing or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens of said
islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber and mineral
lands, of the United States in said islands as it may deem wise, not exceeding 16 hec-
tares to any one person, and for the sale and conveyance of not more than 1,024 hectares
to any corporation or association of persons: Provided, That the grant or sale of such
lands, whether the purchase price be paid at once or in partial payments, shall be con-
ditioned upon actual and continued occupancy, improvement, and cultivation of the
premises sold for a period of not less than five years, during which time the purchaser
or grantee can not alienate or encumber said land or the title thereto; but such restric-
tion shall not apply to transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws for the
distribution of the estates of decedents."
The lands referred to in sections 13 and 15 are agricultural lands. They are care-
fully distinguished from timber and mineral lands. They are lands which have been
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty with Spain.
Section 13 is a recognition of homestead entries. Section 15 provides for the grant or
Bale of lands to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens, but the grants and sale
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. LI
thus made are upon the condition of actual and continued occupancy, improvement,
and cultivation for not less than fiv^ years.
In accordance with the authority given to it the Philippine Commission enacted
the law known as the public land law, to carry out the provisions of these sections.
Sections 63, 64, and 65 were enacted for a different purpose. The authority of the
Philippine Government in relation to property was largely extended. They are as
follows:
"Sec. 63. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized,
subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act, to acquire, receive,
hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property, and may acquire real
estate for public uses by the exercise of eminent domain.
"Sec. 64. That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section 63 may also be exer-
cised in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments which,
on the 13th of August, 1898, were owned or held by associations, corporations, com-
munities, religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and
in such manner as, in the opinion of the commission, injuriously to affect the peace
and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands. And for the purpose of pro-
viding funds to acquire the lands mentioned in this section said government of the
Philippine Islands is hereby empowered to incur indebtedness, to borrow money,
and to issue and to sell at not less than par value, in gold coin of the United States
of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in money of said islands,
upon such terms and conditions as it may deem best, registered or coupon bonds
of said government for such amount as may be necessary, said bonds to be in denomi-
nations of $50 or any multiple thereof, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding 4i
per cent per annum, payable quarterly, and to be payable at the pleasure of said
government after dates named in said bonds, not less than five nor more than thirty
years from the date of their issue, together with interest thereon, in gold coin of the
United States of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in money of
said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from the payment of all taxes or duties
of said government, or any local authority therein, or of the Government of the United
States, as well as from taxation in any form by or imder State, municipal, or local
authority in the United States or the Philippine Islands. The moneys which may
be realized or received from the issue and sale of said bonds shall be applied by the
government of the Philippine Islands to the acquisition of the property authorized
by this section and to no other purposes.
"Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute
a part and portion of the public property of the government of the Philippine Islands,
and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years, after their acquisition by said government on such terms and conditions
as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act:
Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be payable in the
money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized
to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding section, and said deferred pay-
ments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All moneys realized or
received from sales or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall consti-
tute a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds, and also
constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their maturity. Actual
settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the Government shall
have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within
such reasonable time as may be determined by said Government."
The lands designated in these sections were acquired in an entirely different manner
from the property acquired under the treaty with Spain. Their disposition was upon
different principles. Complete general power to acquire and dispose of property, real
and personal, was given by section 63 to the Philippine Government, subject only
to the limitations and conditions of the act. Special provision was made in the sixty-
fourth section for the acquisition of lands owned or held by associations, corporations,
communities, religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels
and in such manner as in the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace
and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands. To provide funds for this pur-
pose, the Government was authorized to issue and sell their registered or coupon bonds,
the proceeds of the sales of which were to be applied exclusively to the acquisition
of the property. By section 65 the lands were to be held, sold, and conveyed on such
terms and conditions as the Philippine Government might prescribe, subject to the
limitations and conditions of the act.
A sinking fund was created embracing the moneys realized from sales or disposition
of the said lands for the payment of the bonds at their maturity.
To be sure, provision was made for the protection of occupants and settlers by giving
tnem preference in purchasing or leasing said lands; but these purchases were in recog-
LII ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
nition of rights vested before the lands were acquired, and were on a different basis
from the preemption purchases by occupants and settlers upon the condition of occu-
pancy, improvement, and cultivation.
The Philippine Commission enacted a law April 26, 1904, "for the administration
and temporary leasing and sale of certain haciendas and parcels of land, commonly
known as friar lands, for the purchase of which the Government of the Philippine
Islands has recently contracted, pursuant to the provisions of sections 63, 64, and 65
of an act of the Congress of the United States entitled 'An act temporarily to provide
for the administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and
for other purposes,' approved on the 1st day of July, 1902."
This act fully provided for carrying into effect the act of Congress in the acquisition
of the friar lands. It appears that the lands were purchased and the bonds issued in
conformity with the conditions in these statutes."
One of the recitals in the Philippine act, after stating the terms of the act of Congress,
is that ''whereas the said lands are not 'public lands' in the sense in which these words
are used in the public-land act, No. 926, and can not be acquired or leased under the
provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper agencies for carrying out the
terms of said contracts of purchase and the requirements of said act of Congress with
reference to the leasing and selling of said lands and the creation of a sinking fund to
secure the payment of the bonds so issued."
The public-lands act was "general legislation " to carry out the provisions of sections
12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The restrictions and limitations of these sections are specific
and well defined. They apply to lands acquired by the treaty of peace with Spain.
The citizens are limited in their rights of purchase to quantity and to compliance with
the requirements of occupancy and cultivation.
The purchase of the friar lands was made under the authority of the legislation
herein recited. That authority was lawfully delegated to the Philippine Government
by Congress. The Government has complete control over the sale of the lands "on
such terms and conditions as it may prescribe," subject to the limitations and condi-
tions provided for in the act of 1902.
All moneys realized from the issue and sale of the bonds authorized by the sections
of the act recited herein must be applied to the acquisition of the property and to no
other purpose. The moneys received from the sales and disposition of the lands
constitute a trust fund for the payment of the principal and interest of the bonds and
also a sinking fund for the payment of the bonds at maturity. There are conditions
prescribed in the act of Congress and carried into the Philippine Commission act.
The intention of Congress was to abolish a system of ownership disadvantageous to the
Government, and at the same time to provide for the sale of the acquired property,
80 that the bonds issued for the purchase might not become a permanent burden.
I am of opinion that the limitations in section 15 do not apply to the estates pur-
rbased from religious orders under sections 63, 64, and 65 of the Philippine act.
Very respectfully,
Geo. W. Wickersham,
Attorney General.
Exhibit F.
Opinion of Mr. Moor field Storey controverting that of Attorney General Wickersham,
I am sorry to take issue with Attorney General Wickersham, for whom I have great
respect, upon the question whether the lands purchased from the religious orders in
the Philippine Islands can be sold in larger quantities than those which are prescribed
by section 15 of the act of Congress entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the
administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for
other purposes," approved July 1, 1902, but in my judgment he is wrong in his con-
struction of that act.
The question as he states it in his opinion of December 18, 1909, is whether section
15 of the act above stated is made applicable by section 65 of said act to the estates
purchased from religious orders in the Philippine Islands pursuant to the authority
conferred upon the Philippine Government by section 63, section 64, and the said
Btction 65 of the act mentioned. ^
In order to answer this question we are called upon to construe different sections of
the same act, and they mi^st be construed so that all may stand togetker and that the
intention of the act may be carried out.
Section 12 of that act provides ' ' that all the property and rights which may have been
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the Unitea States under the treaty of peace with
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. LIII
Spain, signed December 10, 1898, except such land or other property as shall be desig-
nated by the President of the United States for military and other reservations of the
Government of the United States, are hereby placed under the control of the govern-
ment of said islands to be administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof except
as provided in this act."
Section 13 requires the Government of the Philippine Islands to ' * classify according
to its agricultural character and productiveness the public lands other than timber
and mineral lands."
Section 15 provides ' ' that the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby author-
ized and empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to pro-
vide for the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other
citizens of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber
and mineral lands, of the United States in said islands as it may deem wise, not exceed-
ing 16 hectares to any one person and for the sale and conveyance of not more than
1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of persons."
Section 64 provides for the purchase of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and
hereditaments "owned or held by associations, corporations, communities, religious
orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and in such manner as in
the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace and welfare of the people
of the Philippine Islands."
Section 65 provides "that all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall
constitute a part and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philip-
pine Islands, and may be held, sold, and conveyed or leased temporarily for a period
not exceeding three years after their acquisition by said Government upon such terms
and conditions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided
for in this act."
These seem to me to be the important provisions of the law which we are called upon
to construe, and it is to be observed that the land acquired under section 64 is to
become a part of the "public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands,"
which phrase is in effect the same as that which is used in section 15, where provision
is made for the sale and conveyance "of such parts and portions of the public domain,"
and it would seem to be the intention of Congress that this land should be dealt with
precisely as the rest of the public domain was to be dealt with. Section 63 expressly
makes the power of the Government to receive, hold, and convey title "subject to the
limitations and conditions prescribed in this act." The same limitation is found in
section 65, where the language is that the property may be "held, sold, and conveyed
* ^ ^ subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act."
The Attorney General sums up his argument by saying: "The Government has
complete control over the sale of the lands, on such terms and conditions as it may
prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in the act of 1902."
In this conclusion I agree and it only remains to determine what are "the limitations
and conditions" contained in the act, subject to which this control, including the
power to buy and sell, is granted. I find none which so clearly come within this lan-
guage as those which limit the amount to be conveyed, so that not exceeding 16 hec-
tares can be sold to any person, and not exceeding 1,024 hectares can be sold to any
association or corporation, and the further limitation which excepts from the power to
sell all public timber and mineral lands. Certainly these are "limitations and restric-
tions provided for in this act," and as the power to sell is made subject to all such
limitations and restrictions, there seems to be no ground for excluding these from the
general language of the act. I can not therefore resist the conclusion that the power
to sell the land purchased from the religious orders and then added to the public
domain is subject to these precise limitations as to quantity.
Moreover, when we consider the purpose of these limitations, which was to prevent
the exploiting of the Philippine Islands by American or other capitalists, and to
provide that these lands be "administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof"
in the words of section 12, no reason can be suggested why the very choice agricultural
lands, which were held by the religious orders, should be thrown open to exploitation,
or why the general policy contemplated by the act should have been abandoned in
dealing with this very important portion of Philippine agricultural land. The reason
which required the limitation in other cases applies with equal force to these lands, and
I can not doubt that it was the intention of Congress that the policy should be the same.
The Attorney General says that they were acquired in a different manner from the
property acquired under the treaty with Spain. This is true, but they were acquired
by the government of the Philippine Islands for the benefit of the Filipino people,
were paid for with the proceeds of bonds which were obligations of the islands, were
added to the same limitations which applied to the rest of the public domain. The
fact that the act contemplated the sale of those lands and the application of the pro-
LIV ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
ceeds to a sinking fund does not vary the construction of the act. The government
was authorized to sell under certain limitations, and the proceeds of sales so made
were to be paid into the sinking fund, but this use of the money can not enlarge the
limited power to sell. Some sales were authorized, and the use to be made of the
money realized from these was prescribed, but it can not be argued that, because
the proceeds of authorized sales must be so used, limitations expressly imposed on
the authority to sell are removed. The Attorney General rests a part of his argument
on the act passed by the Philippine Commission, but as the authority of that commis-
sion is expressly limited by the act of Congress, we must examine the latter to see
whether the action of the commission was authorized, and not conclude that a restric-
tion which Congress expressly imposed did not exist because the commission disre-
garded or misinterpreted it. I am of opinion, therefore, that the sale of agricultural
land to any corporation or association in excess of the amount limited by the pro-
visions of the act which I have quoted is unauthorized and void, and that the pur-
chaser acquires no title to the land so sold.
Exhibit G.
Opinion of Attorney General of United States to the effect that no corporation can either
purchase or hold more than 1^024 hectares of land in the Philippine Islands.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS — CORPORATIONS HOLDING REAL ESTATE.
Neither a corporation formed in Belgium to acquire and possess lands in the Philippine Islands, nor any
other foreign or domestic corporation authorized to engage in agriculture, may legally purchase or hold
more than 1,024 hectares of land in the Philippine Islands,
Department of Justice, April 29, 1910.
Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of April
2l8t instant, in which you state:
"I have the honor to inclose copies of two notes addressed, respectively, to the
minister of foreign affairs at Brussels by Mr. Ed. C. Andre, dated April 4, and to the
Belgian minister at this capital by the minister of foreign affairs of his Government,
dated April 7, and with them three letters from Mr. Andre, dated March 30 and April
4, addressed to you and handed to me by the minister of Belgium for delivery to you.
These documents raise the question whether a Belgian corporation authorized to
engage in agriculture may legally purchase and hold a plantation in the Philippine
Islands containing an area of 1,430 hectares. The collateral inquiry is also presented
whether, if the answer to the foregoing question is in the negative, an agricultural and
commercial corporation created under Philippine law may take and hold the said
plantation."
You request an expression of my opinion on both of these questions.
The act of Congress entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the administration
of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes,'*
approved July 1, 1902 (32 Stat., 691), is the law still in force.
By the seventy-fifth section of that act it is provided:
''That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying and
gelling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may be
reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created,
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be
restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four
hectares of land * "^ "^.y
The first clause of this section forbids the organization of corporations to conduct the
business of buying and selling real estate. The next, recognizing the necessity of
some corporations to hold real estate for the conduct of their business, denies the per-
mission to hold or own any real estate except such as may be reasonably necessary to
enable it to carry out the purposes for which the corporation is created. The holding
of real estate under this provision is incidental to the main business of the corpora-
tion, such as manufacturing or trading. By no intendment can this apply to a cor-
poration formed for the use or cultivation of land.
By the next clause of the section it is provided: ''Every corporation authorized to
engage in agriculture shall by its charter be restricted to the ownership and control
of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four hectares of land."
Mr. Andre suggests, in one of the notes transmitted through you: "I am in doubt
whether this refers to the rules and by-laws of the corporation or to the privilege
giunted to a company at being filed."
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. LV
This provision is not directory. It affects the very being of the corporation. It is
an absolute prohibition of the power to hold land in excess of 1,024 hectares. This
limitation was placed in the act after much debate and deliberation in the United
States Congress, and it is repeated and emphasized in all the legislation upon this
subject.
These prohibitions in the organic act were embraced in the "corporation law" of
the Philippine Commission, enacted by authority of the United States. By Article I,
section 13, it is enacted:
** Every corporation has power (paragraph 5):
"*To purchase, hold, convey, sell, lease, let, mortgage, encumber, and otherwise
deal with such real and personal property as the purposes for which the corporation was
formed may permit, and the transaction of the lawful business of the corporation may
reasonably and necessarily require, unless otherwise prescribed in this act: Provided^
That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying and selling
real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may be reasonably
necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created, and every cor-
poration authorized to engage in agriculture shall be restricted to the ownership and
control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four hectares of land * * * > '>
Reversing the order in which the questions in your communication are presented
to me, and replying to the second inquiry, I think an agricultural corporation created
under Philippine law can not take and hold of the plantation described, or of any
other lands, more than 1,024 hectares.
By the last paragraph of this same section 75 of the act of Congress it is provided:
''Corporations not organized in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein
shall be bound by the provisions of this section so far as they are applicable." And
by section 73 of the ** corporation law" of the Philippine Commission it is enacted:
*'Any foreign corporation or corporation not formed, organized, or existing under
the laws of the Philippine Islands and lawfully doing business in the islands shall b«
bound by all laws, rules, and regulations applicable to domestic corporations of the
same class, save and except such only as provide for the creation, formation, organiza-
tion, or dissolution of corporations or such as fix the relations, liabilities, responsibili-
ties, or duties of members, stockholders, or officers of corporations to each other or to
the corporation: Provided, however, That nothing in this section contained shall be
construed or deemed to impair any rights that are secured or protected by the treaty
of peace between the United States and Spain, signed at the city of Paris on December
tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight."
This act was passed under the authority delegated by the organic act. Its provisions
are declaratory of the limitations of that act.
The restrictions upon the ownership and control of lands in the Philippine Islands
by corporations are absolutely determined by this legislation. It is beyond the power
of the executive branches of the Governments, either of the United States or the
Philippine Islands, to authorize or permit corporations to own or hold lands in excess
of the amount so designated.
I am therefore of opinion that neither a corporation formed in Belgium to acquire
and possess lands in the Philippine Islands, nor any other foreign or domestic corpora-
tion authorized to engage in agriculture, may legally purchase or hold more than 1,024
hectares of land in the Philippine Islands.
I have the honor to be sir, your obedient servant,
George W. WicKERsnAM.
The Secretary of State.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
TESTIMONY
ACCOMPANYING REPORT BY THE CQMMITTEE ON
INSULAR AFFAIRS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENT-
ATIVES OF ITS INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERIOR
DEPARTMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
TOUCHING THE ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE
LANDS AND ALL MATTERS OF FACT AND LAW PER-
TAINING THERETO, IN PURSUANCE OF HOUSE RES-
OLUTION NO. 795.
House of Eepresentatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Friday^ December 9, 1910.
The committee met at 10.30 o'clock a. m., Hon. Marlin E. Olmsted
(chairman) presiding.
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman), Crumpacker, Hamilton, Hubbard of Iowa,
Graham of Pennsylvania, Parsons, Davis, Madison, Fowler, Douglas,
Jones, Page, Garrett, Denver, Fornes, Helm, Rucker of Colorado, and
Larrinaga.
The Chairman. In the last session Representative Martin of Col-
orado offered a resolution, which was House Resolution 793. The
Committee on Insular Affairs amended it slightly and reported it back
to the House, where it was passed on the last day of the session, June
23, 1910, and as passed and certified to us by the clerk, reads as
follows :
Whereas it has been publicly charged that sales and leases of public lands have been
made in the Philippines in violation of law: Now therefore be it
Resolved, That the House Committee on Insular Affairs be, and it is hereby, empow-
ered and directed to make a complete and thorough investigation of the interior depart-
ment of the Philippine government touching the administration of Philippine lands
and all matters of fact and law pertaining thereto, whether the same are to be had in
the United States, the Philippme Islands, or elsewhere, and to report to the House
during this Congress all the evidence taken and their findirgs and recommendations
thereon; that in conducting said inquiry said committee shall have power to subpoena
and require the attendance of witnesses, to administer oaths, to require the production
of books, papers, and documents, whether of a public or private character, and to
employ necessary assistance, legal or otherwise, and make necessary expenditures, the
cost of said investigation to be paid out of the contingent fund of the House. The pow-
ers hereby conferred may be exercised while the House is in session or during the recess
of Congress by the committee or any duly appointed subcommittee thereof.
At a preliminary meeting held yesterday the committee adopted
this resolution:
Resolved, That the clerk of the committee notify Representative Martin of Colorado
that the committee is ready to enter upon the investigation directed by House Reso-
lution 793, and requests that he appear before the committee and make such state-
ment of facts bearing upon said investigation as may be within his possession, and
also give the names of any witnesses that he may have who can aid the committee to
ascertain the facts.
I will also state that another resolution was offered relative to the
examination of witnesses, as follows:
Resolved^ That until further orders from the committee, during the investigation of
the interior department of the Philippine government touching the administration
of Philippine lands, all witnesses shall be examined, in the first instance, by the
chairman of this committee, or by such member of the committee as lie shall desig-
nate; afterwards any member of the committee may ask such questions as he may
3
4 ADMIN ISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
desire. Any pereons not members of the committee desiring questions put to wit-
nesses shall submit them in writing to the committee, and if deemed proper by the
committee, they shall be put to the witness by the chairman or such other member
of the committee as he may designate for that purpose.
I see that Representative Martin is here this morning, and we are
now ready to hear from him in response to the invitation contained
in the resolution which I have read.
STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN A. MARTIN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN
CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF COLORADO.
Mr. Maetin. Some question having arisen as to the proper scope of
the investigation and the issues to be developed under House Resolu-
tion 793, Sixty-first Congress, second session, I have deemed it advis-
able to prepare the following brief statement with reference thereto :
The material issues involved are:
1. The sale of the Philippine friar lands in quantities in excess of
the limitation fixed in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, ^^ not exceed-
ing 16 hectares to any one person and for the sale and conveyance of
not more than 1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of
persons;'' and
2. The opinion of the honorable Attorney General of the United
States that the limitations in said act of Congress, being the organic
law of the Philippine Islands, do not apply to the friar estates.
Relevant, competent, and of the highest importance are:
1 . The time and circumstances under which the policy of selling the
friar estates in bulk to foreign interests was begun.
2. The persons or interests, whether individual, corporate, or asso-
ciate, by whom these estates, or any of them, have been acquired.
3. The persons or agencies, both public and private, by whom the
negotiations were effected.
4. The character of the record made by the Bureau of Insular Affairs
in furnishing information in response to the several resolutions of
inquiry passed by the House.
5. The Philippine administration of the friar lands, with particular
reference to the sale of one of these estates to an official of the Philip-
pine government and the leasing of public domain to a relative of one
of the executive heads of said government.
The issues last above specified are important, but not controlling.
I have repeatedly asserted, and now reassert, that the sales of the so-
called friar lands complained of are forbiddeji both by the statutory
and colonial policy of the United States, and it was upon the naked
information of a single sale, to wit, the San Jose estate, and thb
opinion of the Attorney General of the United States confirming said
sale, that my first resolution of investigation, introduced in the
House February 25, 1910, was based. These were and are the chief
issues in this investigation. The remaining issues, last above enu-
merated, were developed by the information furnished the House
from time to time in response to the several resolutions of inquiry.
While asserting the truth and importance of the other elements
above mentioned, I do not propose, in so far as my views may carry
any weight, to be diverted from the principal issues, nor suffer them
to be obscured by a vast mass of largely immaterial detail relative
to Philippine land administration.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 5
In concluding this preliminary statement, I wish to respectfully
suggest to this honorable committee the very unequal, I may say the
unparalleled, nature of this investigation, presenting the aspect of a
contest between a single minority Member of Congress on the one
side and the national administrations of two governments on the
other; together with the probable far-reaching consequences of the
investigation and its results upon the future status of the Philippine
Islands and the relations of this Government toward them.
I submit this paper for insertion in the record, and in addition I
submit a list of witnesses to be subpoenaed in the investigation of the
Philippine friar land sales, addressed to the chairman of this com-
mittee.
The Chairman. If it is not inconvenient, will you read it ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir [reading]:
List of witnesses to he subpoenaed in the investigation of the Philippine friar land sales.
Washington, D. C, December 8, 1910,
Hon. M. E. Olmsted,
Chairmari Committee on Insular Affairs,
House of Representatives.
Dear Sir: In response to the informal suggestion of members of the above-named
committee, made to me to-day, I hereby respectfully request that the following persona
be subpoenaed, produced and examined before the Committee on Insular Affairs in
the investigation of the sale of the Philippine friar lands under House Resolution 795,
Sixty-first Congress, second session, and hereby assert the belief that the production
and examination of said witnesses are necessary to a full, true, and complete dis-
closure of the material facts involved in said sales:
Horace Havemeyer, Charles H. Senff, and Charles J. Welch, said to be the real
parties in interest in the purchase of the San Jose estate, island of Mindoro, P. I.
E. L. PoOle and P. A. Prentiss, who acted as agents of said parties in the purchase
of said estate.
J. Montgomery Strong, of Little Falls, N. J., who represented said parties and agents.
John Henry Hammond, of the law firm of Strong & Cadwaladar, of New York City,
of counsel for said parties in the sale of said estate.
C. A. De Gersdorf, of the law firm of Cravath, Henderson & De Gersdorf, of New
York City, of counsel for said parties in the sale of said estate.
George S. Hobart, No. 243 Washington Street, Jersey City, N. J., agent of the Min-
doro Development Co
Robert J. Bain, Jersey City, N. J.; Samuel S. Moore, Elizabeth, N. J.; Charles S.
Scribner, Boon ton, N. J.; incorporators of the Mindoro Development Co.
The Mindoro Development Co., of New Jersey, principal office, 243 Washington
Street, Jersey City, N. J.
That subpoenaes duces tecum issue for said persons and said company, requiring
them to produce for the inspection of the committee and as evidence, the originals of
all books, papers, accounts, vouchers, receipts, and other instruments in writing
bearing upon the sale of said estate and their connection therewith, including the
stock books and all other records of the Mindoro Development Co.
Harry Rosenberg, of Manila, purchaser of a portion of the Santa Rosa estate.
M. Lowenstein, W. H. Lawrence, Walter E. Olsen, Castle Bros., and Wolf & Sons,
all of Manila, said to be the real parties in interest in the purchase of the Isabella
estate.
Edward B. Bruce, agent of said parties in the purchase of said estate.
A. F. Thayer, probably of Manila, nominal purchaser of the Calamba estate and
said to represent the Dillingham sugar interests of Honolulu.
The San Carlos Agricultural Co., of California, and E. L. Hamann, secretary of said
company.
The San Francisco Agricultural Co., of California, and Chas. McMullen, secretary
of said company.
The San Mateo Agricultural Co., of California, and K. M. Nealon, secretary of
said company.
All of which companies have applied for or leased public lands in the island of
Mindoro by Edw. L. Poole, their managing agent.
6 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
That subpoenaes duces tecum issue for said persons and said companies, requiring
them to produce for the inspection of the committee and as evidence the orig:inals
of all books, papers, accounts, vouchers, receipts, and other instruments in writing
bearing upon the application for or leasing of Philippine public lands and their
connection therewith, including the stock books and all other records of the afore-
said three companies.
A. Sidney Lanier, attorney at law, Richmond, Va.
C. W. O'Brien, attorney at law, Manila, P, I.
Hon. Henry A. Cooper, Member of Congress, of Wisconsin.
Hon. Manuel L. Quezon, Commissioner, Philippine Islands.
Other names may be suggested from time to time.
Very truly, yours,
John A. Martin.
Mr. Douglas. I think it would be well, as that is a long list of
witnesses to be brought from California and the Philippine Islands,
that Mr. Martin be asked to suggest something about why he asks to
subpoena them. Of course, the Government will have to pay the
expenses, and while everyone of us wants the fullest investigation, it
may be possible that many of them would testify to facts about
which there would be no controversy whatever, and it might result
in an enormous expense that would prove unnecessary.
The Chairman. I think it would be well if Mr. Martin would sug-
gest, in a general way, at least, which one of the several charges each
witness is to be subpoenaed with reference to.
Mr. Martin. I will say, Mr. CJiairman, that to go into the matters
with reference to which these witnesses would probably testify would
be virtually a statement of the entire controversy. I have not pre-
pared any statement of that character. I can run over the names of
these witnesses and just say briefly the matter or matters with
reference to which I would expect them to give testimony.
Mr. Douglas. Let me make this suggestion, if I may. You take,
now, Poole, and all of his associates. I know nothing about the
facts, but if the purpose of subpoenaing all those witnesses was to
develop the question as to whether or not he acted for himself or
certain men, as his'principals, and who those men were, if one person,
acting for all of them was to furnish that information directly to the
committee, it seems to me it would hardly be necessary to subpoena
half a dozen men from the Philippines and California and New cTersey
and New York to prove a fact about which there may be no con-
troversy.
Mr. Madison. You were asked to appear before the committee
and give the names of the witnesses whom you desire to prove those
facts. I think the committee would like for you to state the facts
which you claim these witnesses would testify to. I think you could
begin by making a statement of what you claim the facts to be, if
you wish, and blien state that such witness would testify to such
facts, or you could begin by taking up the witnesses and say that
these men, if called, would testify to certain facts.
Mr. Parsons. Why not let him take the order of j)roof he wants,
and whom he wants subpoenaed at first ? The people in this vicinity.
New York and New Jersey, can get down here in a very few days.
Then you are getting much of your testimony.
Mr. Madison. I think he ought to be permitted to exercise his
discretion about the order of his statement, so that he conforms with
the resolution and states the facts and the names of the witnesses,
and then would give testimony tending to prove those facts.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 7
Mr. Hamilton. Was not your opening statement, the first paper
which you read, practically a statement of the facts which you expect
to prove?
Mr. Martin. Briefly, it was a statement of the issues, in which I
enumerated the two principal issues which perhaps may be resolved
into one.
Mr. Hamilton. You claim that an exception had been made as
to certain friar lands ?
Mr. Martin. The first was, and what I consider the basic issue in
this inquiry, the right to sell these estates in excess of the Hmitations
fixed by the organic law, and the opinion of the Attorney General of
the United States holding those lands to be exempt from the limi-
tations. I went on then to state that there were other issues that
were of the highest importance, but they were not controlling. While
I have in my possession all of the records and other information upon
which I based the various resolutions of inquiry and speeches that
have been made on this matter, I have not had time to formulate a
statement thereon, as it might be said to be formulated in the last
speech I made on the matter in the House of Representatives, on the
13th of June. But I have, in the limited time that I have had at my
disposition — and I will say that, like some other gentlemen in this
bod}^, I have been pretty busy since Congress adjourned. A man
who wants to come back to Congress from my State is one of the
busiest people on earth, and when he gets done he needs a vacation.
Mr. Parsons. You did not get '^done,'' did }^ou? [Laughter.]
Mr. Martin (continuing). Needs a vacation rather than an
investigation. We do not get ^^done'' on election day in our State.
We have a supplemental campaign lasting until Congress convenes
to find out how we came out. So that really, for those causes and
a multitude of duties pressing upon me, I have not prepared another
statement of the matter. I have, however, started a sort of an
order of procedure in developing the issues and the testimony,
which I shall be glad to give the committee in connection with the
statement as to what I think these witnesses will testify to and
why it is absolutely essential to have them here if you expect to
get at the real facts with reference to the sale of these estates.
The Chairman. Let me ask you right there a question with
reference to the matter of economy. If there are several witnesses
upon the same point and all the facts should be elicited from one, it
would not be necessary to have all the others, would it?
Mr. ]\Iartin. Yes; if you can assume that all of them would testify
to identically the same facts, that plan might be satisfactory, but
I Avould prefer that all of these people come here and tell their own
stories.
I wish to suggest, Mr. Chairman, that I think this inquiry could
properly begin with a consideration of the organic law of the Philip-
pine Islands, particularly those sections dealing with the public
domain, and the friar lands, in which it is claimed that the so-called
friar lands were subjected to the same quantity limitations that were
imposed upon the public domain acquired from Spain. In connec-
tion wdth the consideration of this act and these particular sections,
the committee should secure all prints of Senate bill 2295, Fifty-
seventh Congress, first session, which are now on file in the Senate
document room. And it should carefully examine those bills with
8 ADMIISriSTRATION OF PHII.IPPINE LANDS.
reference to the limitations contained in them upon the sale and dis-
position of lands in the Philippine Islands, for one reason, among
others, because it has been stated during the debates over this inves-
tigation in the House, and it is a matter of record that at the time
the limitation clauses were inserted in the friar-lands sections of the
organic law of the Philippine Islands, that is, sections 63, 64, and 65,
there were no land limitations in the act, and therefore those words,
'^subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act,^'
could not have been intended to apply to the sale and disposition of
these lands. An examination of these bills will disclose, in connection
with the Congressional Record, and the debates in the Senate at the
time the limiting clause was inserted, that the limitations upon the
sale and disposition of Philippine lands were even more restrictive
than they were in the bill in its final form and as it finally passed and
became the organic law of the archipelago.
The public domain and friar land sections of the act of July 1,
1902, involved in this inquiry and the agricultural corporation sec-
tion follow:
Sec. 15. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and
empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to provide for
the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens
of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber and
mineral lands, of the United States in said islands at it may deem wise, not exceed-
ing 16 hectares (40 acres) to any one person and for the sale and conveyance of not
more than 1,024 hectares (2,500 acres) to any corporation or association of persons:
Provided, That the grant or sale of such lands, whether the purchase price be paid at
once or in partial payments, shall be conditioned upon actual and continued occu-
pancy, improvement, and cultivation of the premises sold for a period of not less than
five years, during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate or encumber
said land or the title thereto; but such restriction shall not apply to transfers of rights
and title of inheritance under the laws for the distribution of the estates of decedents.
* * -X- -Jf * * -Jf
Sec. 63. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized,
subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act, to acquire, receive,
hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property, and may acquire real
estate for public uses by the exercise of eminent domain.
Sec. 64. That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section 63 may also be exercised
in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments which, on the
13th of August, 1898, were owned or held by associations, corporations, communities,
religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and in such
manner as in the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace and wel-
fare of the people of the Philippine Islands. And for the purpose of providing funds
to acquire the lands mentioned in this section said government of the Philippine
Islands is hereby empowered to incur indebtedness, to borrow money, and to issue,
and to sell at not less tl^an par value, in gold coin of the United States of the present
standard value or the equivalent in value in money of said islands, upon such terms
and conditions as it may deem best, registered or coupon bonds of said government
for such amount as may be necessary, said bonds to be in denominations of $50 or any
multiple thereof, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding 4J per cent per annum,
payable quarterly, and to be payable at the pleasure of said government after dates
named in said bonds not less than five nor more than thirty years from the date of
their issue, together with interest thereon, in gold coin of the United States of the
present standard value or the equivalent in value in money of said islands; and said
bonds shall be exempt from the payment of all taxes or duties of said government,
or any local authority therein, or of the Government of the United States, as well as
from taxation in any form by or under state, municipal, or local authority in the
United States or the Philippine Islands. The moneys which may be realized or
received from the issue and sale of said bonds shall be applied by the government
of the Philippine Islands to the acquisition of the property authorized by this section
and to no other purposes.
Sec 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute
a part and portion of the public property of the government of the Philippine Islands,
ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 9
and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily '^for a period not exceed-
ing three years after their acquisition by said government on such terms and condi-
tions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in
this act: Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be
Eayable in the money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the
onds authorized to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding section
and said deferred payments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All
moneys realized or received from sales or other disposition of said lands, or by reason
thereof shall constitute a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said
bonds, and also constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their matu-
rity. Actual settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the govern-
ment shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their
holdings within such reasonable time as may be determined by said government."
****** -if
Sec. 75. That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying
and selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may
be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created,
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be
restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed 1,024 hectares (2,500 acres)
of land; and it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in agri-
culture or mining and for any corporation organized for any purpose except irrigation
to be in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture or mining.
Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and purchase real
estate when necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose of real estate
so obtained within five years after receiving the title. Corporations not organized
in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein shall be bound by the provisions
of this section so far as they are applicable.
I have referred to Senate bill 2295, with which you will find all
reprints and amendments, and where that may be found.
In view of the allegation made in the House that at the time the
limiting clause was inserted in the friar-land sections the bill con-
tained no land limitations, I shall here insert copies of the land
sections of the bill as introduced in the Senate (S. 2295) on January
7, 1902, and each Senate reprint, five in all.
[S. 2295. Jan. 7, 1902. By Mr. Lodge.]
Sec. 10. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and
empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, to lease, let, and demise to actual
occupants and settlers and others for a term of not more than ninety-nine years,
such parts and portions of the public domain other than timber and mineral lands of
the United States in the Philippine Islands as it may deem wise, not exceeding one
hundred and sixty acres to any one person nor more than five thousand acres to any
corporation or association of persons.
Sec 11. That in leasing, demising, or letting any part of the public domain under
the provisions of section — , preference in all cases shall be given to actual occupants
and settlers; and public lands of the United States in the actual possession or occu-
pancy of any native of the Philippine Islands shall not be leased, let, or demised by
said government to any other person without the consent thereto of said prior
occupant or settler first had and obtained: Provided, That the prior right hereby
secured to an occupant of land who can show no other proof of title than possession
shall not apply for more than one hundred and sixty acres in any one tract.
No lease or contract of lease made by virtue of this act shall be sold, assigned, or
otherwise disposed of, nor shall the property lease, be sublet without the consent of
the Philippine Government first had and obtained.
Authority to purchase friar lands, etc.
Sec. 50. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to
acquire, receive, hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property and
may acquire real estate, together with the appurtenances and hereditaments thereunto
belonging for public uses by the exercise of the right of eminent domain. The powers
hereinbefore in this section conferred may be exercised in respect of any lands which
on the thirteenth of August, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, were owned or held
by associations, corporations, communities, religious orders, or private individuals
82278°~-H. Kept. 2289, 61-.3 5
10 ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
in such large tracts or parcels as, in the opinion of the commission, injuriously affect
the welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands.
Sec. 51. That all lands acquired by virtue of this amendment shall constitute a
part and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands
and may be leased, let, sold, and conveyed by the Government of the Philippine
Islands on such terms and conditions as it may prescribe.
Sec. 63. That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying
and selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate, except such as may
be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter, be
restricted to its ownership and control not to exceed five thousand acres of land and
this provision shall be held to prevent any corporation engaged in agriculture from
being in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture.
Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and purchase real
estate when necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose of real estate
80 obtained within five years after receiving the title. Corporations not organized
in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein, shall be bound by the pro-
visions of this section so far as they are applicable.
' [S. 2295. As reported by Mr. Lodge, with amendments, Mar. 31, 1902.]
Sec. 13. That pending the preparation and until the adoption of rules and regula-
tions as provided in section eight, the Government of the Philippine Islands is
hereby authorized and empowered on such terms as it may prescribe, to lease, let,
and demise to actual occupants and settlers and others for a term of not more than
five years, such parts and portions of the public domain other than timber and
mineral lands of the United States in the Philippines, as it may deem wise, not
exceeding one hundred and sixty acres or its equivalent in hectares, to any one
person, nor more than five thousand acres to any corporation or association of persons.
&EC. 14. [Same as original.]
Authority to purchase friar lands.
Sec. 64. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to
acquire, receive, hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property and
may acquire real estate for public uses by the exercise of the right of eminent domain.
Sec. 65. That the power hereinbefore conferred in section sixty-three may also be
exercised in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments, which
on the thirteenth day of August were owned or held by associations, corporations, com-
munities, religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels as in the
opinion of the commission injuriously affect the welfare of the people of the Philippine
' Islands.
Sec. 66. All lands acquired by virtue of section sixty-five of this act shall constitute
a part and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands
and may be leased, let, sold, and conveyed by the Government of the Philippines on
such terms and conditions as it may prescribe.
Sec. 77. [Same as original.]
[S. 2295. Apr. 18, 1902. As amended in Committee of the Whole.)
Secs. 13 and 14. [Same as print of Mar. 31, 1902.]
Secs. 64, 65, and 66. [Same as in print of Mar. 31, 1902.]
Sec. 77. [Same as print of Mar. 31, 1902.]
[S. 2295. May 28-29, 1902. As amended in Committee of the Whole.]
Sec. 12. That the Government of the Philippines, subject to the provisions of this
act and except as hereinafter provided, shall make rules and regulations for the lease,
sale, or other dispovsition of the public lands other than timber or mineral lands, but
such rules and regulations shall not go into effect or have the force of law until they
have received the approval of the President by and through the Secretary o{ War, and
they shall also be submitted to Congress, and unless disapproved where amended by
Congress after their submission, they shall at the close of such session have the force
and effect of law in the Philippine Islands, when they shall have received the approval
of the President, as hereinbefore provided: Provided, That a single homestead entry
shall not exceed forty acres in extent or its equivalent in hectares.
Secs. 14 and 15. [Same as secs. 13 and 14 in print of Apr. 18.]
ABMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 11
Authority to purchase friar lands.
Secs. 66, 67, 68. [Same as sees. 64, 65, 66 in print of Apr. 18.]
Sec. 79. [Same as in print of Apr. 18 and prior prints.]
[S. 2295. June 2, 1902. As amended in Committee of the Whole.]
Sec. 12. [Same as sec. 12inprint of May 29, except after "as hereinbefore provided,*'
in line 3, the words ''shall classify according to its agricultural character and produc-
tiveness" were inserted.]
Sec 14. That pending the preparation and until the adoption of rules and regula-
tions as provided in section twelve, the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby
authorized and empowered in such terms as it may prescribe, to lease, let, and demise
to actual occupants or settlers and others for a term of not more than five years, such
parts and portions of the public domain other than timber and mineral lands of the
United States in the Philippine Islands as it may deem wise, not exceeding forty
acres or its equivalent in hectares, to any one person, but no such lands shall be let,
leased, or demised to any corporation until a law regulating the disposition of the
public lands shall have been enacted and approved as provided in section twelve.
Sec 15, [Same as sec. 15 in print of May 29.]
Authority to purchase friar lands y etc.
Secs. 66, 67, and 68. [Same as in print of May 29.]
Sec 79. Agricultural corporations: [Same as in print of May 29.]
[S. 2295. In the House of Representatives. June 4, 1902. Referred to the Committee on Insular Affairs.
Passed the Senate June 3, 1902.]
Note. — S. 2295 passed the Senate as amended in the Committee of the Whole and
printed on June 2, 1902.
Tlie excessive restrictions at all stages of the act in the Senate
speak for themselves.
In connection with that, the foregoing Senate copies of the organic
law, I refer you to the Congressional Record of the Fifty-seventh
Congress, first session, pages 6082 and 6083, showing the insertion of
the limiting clauses in the friar-land sections on the floor of the
Senate, following the insertion of other limitations, one of them
being a homestead limitation.
The following is a copy:
Mr. Lodge. In section 11, on page 7, line 15, after the word ''provided," I move
to insert what I send to the desk.
The Presiding Officer. The amendment will be stated.
The Secretary. In section 11, on page 7, line 15, after the word "provided," it is
proposed to insert:
^'Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed 40 acres in extent or its
equivalent in hectares."
The amendment was agreed to.
•* -H- * * * ^ ^
Mr. Lodge. In section 64, on page 38, line 11, after the word "authorized," I
move to insert what I send to the desk.
The Presiding Officer. The amendment will be stated.
The Secretary. In section 64, on page 38, line 11, after the word "authorized," it
is proposed to insert the words "subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed
m this act."
The amendment was agreed to.
Mr. Lodge. In section 65, on page 38, line 21, after the word "parcels," I move to
insert the words "and in such manner."
The amendment was agreed to.
Mr. Lodge. In the next line, line 22, after the words "affect the," I move to insert
the words "peace and;" so as to read "affect the peace and welfare of the people of
the Philippine Islands."
The amendment was agreed to.
12 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Lodge. In section 66, on page 40, line 4, after the word ''prescribe," I move
to insert what I send to the desk.
The Presiding Officer. The amendment will be stated.
The Secretary. In section 66, page 40, line 4, after the word "prescribe," it is
proposed to insert: "subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act."
The amendment was agreed to.
Mr. Lodge. In line 5 of the same section and on the same page, after the word
"purchaser," I move to insert the words "of any parcel or portion of said lands."
The amendment was agreed to.
The foregoing amendments were inserted on May 29, 1902, and
effectively applied the public-land limitations to the friar, which was
not the case when the bill came from the Committee of the Whole on
April 18, 1902, and was reprinted.
Next, I would like to have the committee consider the opinion
of Hon. Morefield Storey, of Boston, Mass., one of the most eminent
constitutional lawyers of the United States, former president of the
American Bar Association and of the Massachusetts Bar Association,
an opinion dealing with the organic law of the Philippine Islands,
and the opinion of Attorney General Wickersham thereon, holding,
as Mr. Storey does in his opinion, that the quantity limitations upon
the disposition of the friar lands clearly apply. I shall insert here,
in order, the opinions of Mr. Wickersham and Mr. Storey:
Opinion of Attorney General Wickersham.
Department op Justice,
Washington, December 18, 1909.
The Secretary op War.
Sir: In your letter of December 4th instant you request an opinion upon the ques-
tion ''whether section 15 of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902, entitled 'An
act temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of civil government
in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes,' limiting the amount of land which
may be acquired by individuals and corporations, is made applicable by section 65
of said act to the estates purchased from religious orders in the Philippine Islands
pursuant to the authority conferred upon the Philippine government by sections 63,
64, and said section 65 of the act mentioned."
Section 15 must be taken in connection with sections 12 and 13, which are as follows:
"Sec. 12. That all the property and rights which may have been acquired in the
Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with Spain, signed
December 10, 1898, except such land or other property as shall be designated by the
President of the United States for military and other reservations of the Government
of the United States, are hereby placed under the control of the government of said
islands, to be administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof, except as pro-
vided in this act.
"Sec. 13. That the government of the Philippine Islands, subject to the provisions
of this act and except aa therein provided, shall classify according to its agricultural
character and productiveness, and shall immediately make rules and regulations for
the lease, sale, or other disposition of the public lands other than timber or mineral
lands; but such rules and regulations shall not go into effect or have the force of
law until they have received the approval of the President, and when approved by
the President they shall be submitted by him to Congress at the beginning of the
ensuing session thereof, and, unless disapproved or amended by Congress at said
session, they shall at the close of such period have the force and effect of law in the
Philippine Islands: Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed 16
hectares in extent."
Section 15 then provides:
"That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and empow-
ered, on such terms as it may prescribe by general legislation, to provide for the grant-
ing or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens of said
islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber and mineral
lands, of the United States in said islands as it may deem wise, not exceeding 16 hec-
tares to any one person, and for the sale and conveyance of not more than 1,024 hectares
to any corporation or association of persons: Provided, That the grant or sale of such
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 13
lands, whether the purchase price be paid at once or in partial payments, shall be con-
ditioned upon actual and continued occupancy, improvement, and cultivation of the
premises sold for a period of not less than five years, during which time the purchaser
or grantee can not alienate or encumber said land or the title thereto; but such restric-
tion shall not apply to transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws for the
distribution of the estates of decedents."
The lands referred to in sections 13 and 15 are agricultural lands. They are care-
fully distinguished from timber and mineral lands. They are lands which have been
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty with Spain.
Section 13 is a recognition of homestead entries. Section 15 provides for the grant or
sale of lands to actual occupants and settlers and other citizens, but the grants and sale
thus made are upon the condition of actual and continued occupancy, improvement,
and cultivation for not less than five years.
In accordance with the authority given to it the Philippine Commission enacted
the law known as the public land law, to carry out the provisions of these sections.
Sections 63, 64, and 65 were enacted for a different purpose. The authority of the
Philippine government in relation to property was largely extended. They are as
follows:
"Sec. 63. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized,
subject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act, to acquire, receive,
hold, maintain, and convey title to real and personal property, and may acquire real
estate for public uses by the exercise of eminent domain.
"Sec. 64. That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section 63 may also be exer-
cised in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments which,
on the 13th of August, 1898, were owned or held by associations, corporations, com-
munities, religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and
in such manner as, in the opinion of the commission, injuriously to affect the peace
and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands. And for the purpose of pro-
viding funds to acquire the lands mentioned in this section said government of the
Philippine Islands is hereby empowered to incur indebtedness, to borrow money,
and to issue, and to sell at not less than par value, in gold coin of the United States
of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in money of said
islands, upon such terms and conditions as it may deem best, registered or coupon
bonds of said government for such amount as may be necessary, said bonds to be in
denominations of $50 or any multiple thereof, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding
4J per cent per annum, payable quarterly, and to be payable at the pleasure of said
government after dates named in said bonds, not less than five nor more than thirty
years from the date of their issue, together with interest thereon, in gold coin of the
United States of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in money of
said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from the payment of all taxes or duties
of said government, or any local authority therein, or of the Government of the United
States, as well as from taxation in any form by or under State, municipal, or local
authority in the United States or the Philippine Islands. The moneys which may
be realized or received from the issue and sale of said bonds shall be applied by the
government of the Philippine Islands to the acquisition of the property authorized
by this section and to no other purposes.
"Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall consti-
tute a part and portion of the public property of the government of the Philippine
Islands, and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily for a period not
exceeding three years, after their acquisition by said government on such terms and
conditions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided
for in this act: Provided ^ That all deferred payments and the interest thereon
shall be payable in the money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest
of the bonds authorized to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding sec-
tion, and said deferred payments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds.
All moneys realized or received from sales or other disposition of said lands or by
reason thereof shall constitute a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest
of said bonds, and also constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at
their maturity. Actual settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired
by the government shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or
acquire their holdings within such reasonable time as may be determined by said
government."
The lands designated in these sections were acquired in an entirely different manner
from the property acquired under the treaty with Spain. Their disposition was upon
different principles. Complete general power to acquire and dispose of property, real
and personal, was given by section 63 to the Philippine government, subject only
to the limitations and conditions of the act. Special provision was made in the sixty-
14 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
fourth section for the acquisition of lands owned or held by associations, corporations,
communities, religious orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels
and in such manner as in the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace
and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands. To provide funds for this pur-
pose, the government was authorized to issue and sell their registered or coupon bonds,
the proceeds of the sales of which were to be applied exclusively to the acquisition
of the property. By section 65 the lands were to be held, sold, and conveyed on such
terms and conditions as the Philippine government might prescribe, subject to the
limitations and conditions of the act.
A sinking fund was created embracing the moneys realized from sales or disposition
of the said lands for the payment of the bonds at their maturity.
To be sure, provision was made for the protection of occupants and settlers by giving
them preference in purchasing or leasing said lands; but these purchases were in recog-
nition of rights vested before the lands were acquired, and were on a different basis
from the preemption purchases by occupants and settlers upon the condition of occu-
pancy, improvement, and cultivation.
The Philippine Commission enacted a law April 26, 1904, "for the administration
and temporary leasing and sale of certain haciendas and parcels of land, commonly
known as friar lands, for the purchase of which the government of the Philippine Islands
has recently contracted, pursuant to the provisions of sections 63, 64, and 65 of an act
of the Congress of the United States entitled 'An act temporarily to provide for the
administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for
other purposes,' approved on the 1st day of July, 1902."
This act fiilly provided for carrying into effect the act of Congress in the acquisition
of the friar lancis. It appears that the lands were purchased and the bonds issued in
conformity with the conditions in these statutes.
One of the recitals in the Philippine act, after stating the terms of the act of Congress,
is that ' ' whereas the said lands are not ' public lands ' in the sense in which these words
are used in the public-land act, No. 926, and can not be acquired or leased under the
provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper agencies for carrying out the
terms of said contracts of purchase and the requirements of said act of Congress with
reference to the leasing and selling of said lands and the creation of a sinking fund to
secure the payment of the bonds so issued."
The public-lands act was ''general legislation " to carry out the provisions of sections
12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The* restrictions and limitations of these sections are specific
and well defined. They apply to lands acquired by the treaty of peace with Spain.
The citizens are limited in their rights of purchase to quantity and to compliance with
the requirements of occupancy and cultivation..
The pui chase of the friar lands was made under the authority of the legislation
herein recited. That authoiity was lawfully delegated to the Philippine government
by Congress. The government has complete control over the sale of the lands "on
such terms and conditions as it may prescribe," subject to the limitations and condi-
tions provided for in the act of 1902.
All moneys realized from the issue and sale of the bonds autliorized by the sections
of the act recited herein must be applied to the acquisition of the property and to no
other purpose. The moneys received from the sales and disposition of the lands
constitute a trust fund for the payment of the principal and interest of the bonds and
also a sinking fund for the payment of the bonds at maturity. There are conditions
prescribed in the act of Congress and carried into the Philippine Commission act.
The intention of Congress was to abolish a system of ownership disadvantageous to the
government, and at the same time to provide for the sale of the acquired property,
so that the bonds issued for the purchase might not become a permanent burden.
I am of opinion that the limitations in section 15 do not apply to the estates pur-
chased from religious orders under sections 63, 64, and 65 of the Philippine act.
Very respectfully,
Geo. W. Wickersham,
Attorney General,
Opinion of Mr. Moorfield Storey controverting that of Attorney General Wickersham,
I am sorry to take issue with Attorney General Wickersham, for whom I have great
respect, upon the question whether the lands purchased from the religious orders in
the Philippine Islands can be sold in larger quantities than those which are prescribed
by section 15 of the act of Congress entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the
aaministration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for
other purposes," approved July 1, 1902, but in my judgment he is wrong in his con-
struction of that act.
ABMINIBTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 15
The question as he states it in his opinion of December 18, 1909, is whether section
15 of the act above stated is made applicable by section 65 of said act to the estates
purchased from religious orders in the Philippine Islands pursuant to the authority
conferred upon the Philippine government by section 63, section 64, and the said sec-
tion 65 of the act mentioned.
In order to answer this question we are called upon to construe different sections
of the same act, and they must be construed so that all may stand together and that
the intention of the act ma^^ be carried out.
Section 12 of that act provides ' ' that all the property and rights which may have been
acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with
Spain, signed December 10, 1898, except such land or other property as shall be desig-
nated by the President of the United States for military and other reservations of the
Government of the United States, are hereby placed under the control of the govern-
ment of said i-slands to be administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof except
as provided in this act."
Section 13 requires the government of the Philippine Islands to ' ' classify according
to its agricultural character and productiveness the public lands other than timber
and mineral lands."
Section 15 provides ''that the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby author-
ized and empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to pro-
vide for the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other
citizens of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber
and mineral lands, of the United States in said islands as it may deem wise, not exceed-
ing 16 hectares to any one person and for the sale and conveyance of not more than
1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of persons."
Section 64 provides for the purchase of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and
hereditaments "owned or held by associations, corporations, communities, religious
orders, or private individuals in such large tracts or parcels and in such manner as in
the opinion of the commission injuriously to affect the peace and welfare of the people
of the Philippine Islands."
Section 65 provides "that all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall
constitute a part and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine
Islands, and may be held, sold, and conveyed or leased temporarily for a period not
exceeding three years after their acquisition by said Government upon such terms and
conditions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for
in this act."
These seem to me to be the important provisions of the law which we are called upon
to construe, and it is to be observed that the land acquired under section 64 is to
become a part of the "public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands,"
which phrase is in effect the same as that which is used in section 15, where provision
is made for the sale and conveyance "of such parts and portions of the public domain,"
and it would seem to be the intention of Congress that this land should be dealt with
precisely as the rest of the public domain was to be dealt with. Section 63 expressly
makes the power of the Government to receive, hold, and convey title "subject to the
limitations and conditions prescribed ia this act." The same limitation is found in
section 65, where the language is that the property may be "held, sold, and conveyed
* "^ * subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act."
The Attorney General sums up his argument by saying: "The Government has
complete control over the sale of the lands, on such terms and conditions as it may
prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in the act of 1902."
In this conclusion I agree and it only remains to determine what are "the limitations
and conditions" contained in the act, subject to which this control, including the
power to buy and sell, is granted. I find none which so clearly come within this lan-
guage as those which limit the amount to be conveyed, so that not exceeding 16 hec-
tares can be sold to any person, and not exceeding 1,024 hectares can be sold to any
association or corporation, and the further limitation which excepts from the power to
sell all public timber and mineral lands. Certainly these are "limitations and restric-
tions provided for in this act," and as the power to sell is made subject to all such
limitations and restrictions, there seems to be no ground for excluding these from the
general language of the act. I can not therefore resist the conclusion that the power
to sell the land purchased from the religious orders and then added to the public
domain is subject to these precise limitations as to quantity.
Moreover, when we consider the purpose of these limitations, which was to prevent
the exploiting of the Philippine Islands by American or other capitalists, and to
provide that these lands be "administered for the benefit of the inhabitants thereof"
in the words of section 12, no reason can be suggested why the very choice agricultural
lands, which were held by the religious orders, should be thrown open to exploitation,
16 ADMINISTEATIOJSr OF PHILIPPHsTE LANDS.
or why the general policy contemplated by the act should have been abandoned in
dealing with this very important portion of Philippine agricultural land. The reason
which required the limitation in other cases applies with equal force to these lands, and
I can not doubt that it was the intention of Congress that the policy should be the same.
The Attorney General says that they were acquired in a different manner from the
property acquired under the treaty with Spain. This is true, but they were acquired
by the government of the Philippine Islands for the benefit of the Filipino people,
were paid for with the proceeds oi bonds which were obligations of the islands, were
added to the same limitations which applied to the rest of the public domain. The
fact that the act contemplated the sale of those lands and the application of the pro-
ceeds to a sinking fund does not vary the construction of the act. The government
was authorized to sell under certain limitations, and the proceeds of sales so made
were to be paid into the sinking fund, but this use of the money can not enlarge the
limited power to sell. Some sales were authorized, and the use to be made of the
money realized from these was prescribed, but it can not be argued that, because
the proceeds of authorized sales must be so used, limitations expressly imposed on
the authority to sell are removed. The Attorney General rests a part of his argument
on the act passed by the Philippine Commission, but as the authority of that commis-
sion is expressly limited by the act of Congress, we must examine the latter to see
whether the action of the commission was authorized, and not conclude that a restric-
tion which Congress expressly imposed did not exist because the commission disre-
garded or misinterpreted it. I am of opinion, therefore, that the sale of agricultural
land to any corporation or association m excess of the amount limited by the pro-
visions of the act which I have quoted is unauthorized and void, and that the pur-
chaser acquires no title to the land so sold.
Mr. Douglas. May I ask you, Mr. Martin, why all that is not a
matter of argument rather than a matter of testimony?
Mr. Cbumpacker. It is only a question of law.
Mr. Fowler. Supplementing what they say, can that ever be
settled except by somebody bringing an action in court ?
Mr. Douglas. Never, in my opinion.
Mr. Fowler. If not, then that somebody ought to bring that
action and determine that question. I should judge, from your
statement, that it can never be determined finally by a discussion
here.
Mr. Crumpacker. It is a question of law anyhow. I did not
understand that we were to have law arguments before the com-
mittee.
Mr. Martin. I was not undertaking to make an argument. It
was my idea that the question of the application of the limitations
would be, among other things, passed upon by the committee. I
want to say now that there are a number of features connected with
these transactions involving questions of fact, as to the conduct of
certain officials in making these sales, the manner in which the
negotiations were carried on, the agencies by which, the parties to
whom, and the purpose for which these lands were acquired, etc., but
it seems to me that at this time the committee might take the time
to let this feature that I am on now be developed a little further and
then they can determine afterwards what action they want to take
with reference to it.
Mr. Hamilton. Where can these opinions of Mr. Storey and Mr.
Wickersham be found ?
Mr. Martin. I can furnish them. I have them all right here;
they are in the record.
Mr. Crumpacker. It is in Mr. Wickersham's letter to Mr. McCall.
Mr. Martin. They are all matters of record.
Mr. Hamilton. It is sometimes so difficult to find them in a public
document.
ADMIKISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 17
Mr. Martin. I will be glad to furnish them to the committee.
Mr. Hamilton. When will you do that — this morning ?
Mr. Martin. I have them all here, but will hardly do it this morning.
Mr. Parsons. Have you all the prints of the Senate bill there ?
Mr. Martin. No, sir; I have not. Those are Senate files that I
would not be permitted to take out, but only go there to examine.
Mr. Madison. I suggest that Mr. Martin submit the copies of the
opinions that he has, and that they be published in the proceedings
to-day and then we will have them all before us, and if he has reprints
of that bill, Senate 2295, that he furnish it and it be published in the
proceedings of to day.
Mr. Hamilton. So that we can have them all in compact form for
the members of this committee to read.
Mr. Martin. Do you mean to furnish those ?
Mr. Madison. To furnish them to the clerk, and he will get them
printed in the proceedings.
Mr. Martin. I think they have only one copy each.
Mr. Crumpacker. I have read all those prmts, and the custodian
said they had no extra copies. They have them in bound form.
Mr. Parsons. Is it necessary to have all the prints, the whole bill
each time ? Are there not simply certain sections that are important ?
Mr. Martin. That is all.
Mr. Parsons. Could we not have, therefore, just tliose sections of
the prints inserted in the record ? I therefore suggest that Mr. Martin
indicate to the stenographer juSt what sections of each print he wants
printed in the record, and that those be printed.
Mr. Crumpacker. I think , Mr. Parsons, if we have those at all, the
only safe thing is to have them all. Mr. Martin might fmd it advisable
from his standpoint to insei:t^ sections pertinent to prove certain
things, or regarding certain propositions, and some members of the
committee might reach a different conclusion.
The Chairman. If we deem it important, we can have them copied
over there.
Mr. Crumpacker. As to the prints aside from the bill that was
reported to the Senate, it does not seem to me it can be a matter of
importance anyhow bearing upon the whole question. What a man
introduces and has referred to a committee and is printed, it seems to
me, is no kind of proof of tlie intention of the legislature in enacting a
law. The bill reported, and then the action of the two houses on the bill
reported, may be considered where there is an ambiguity that it is
necessary to clear up. But the introduction of the bill, and its having
been printed and referred to a committee, are no proof of the intention
of the intent of the legislature.
Mr. Parsons. Having the bill the way it was introduced, and the
amendments when it was reported, we have the changes each time
the bill was printed. I should think that would be important.
Mr. Fowler. Any light thrown on the question through the dis-
cussion on the part of all these people would be an interpretation.
Mr. Crumpacker. That part of it might be, if there was an am-
biguity that needs clearing up.
Mr. Madison. As a matter of law we would not have any right, if
we were sitting as a court, to resort to the debates for the interpreta-
tion of the statute, and I want to say now that this committee, if it
18 ADMINISTKATION 01^ PHILIPPINE I>ANDS.
is going to construe this law, ought not to resort to any means that a
court would not resort to. It ought not to be guided by anything
that a court would not be guided by.
Mr. Martin. Just pardon me there a moment, Mr. Madison, if you
please. I do not know what scoj^e the committee will permit this
investigation to take, but it is quite clear in my mind, and I have
emphasized it from the start, that the colonial policy of this Govern-
ment, which was determined by Congress, is just as controlling in
this matter as the statutory law. I have always said — made it clear in
my opening statement and state now — that the sales of these estates
in bulk were not only in violation of the organic law of the Phihppine
Islands, but of the estabUshed colonial policy of the United States.
Mr. Hamilton. You said that, Mr. Martin, by way of opening
and will you give us somewhere in the course of your statement what
you conceive the colonial policy in this respect to be or some authority
as to what you conceive it to be ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; I will. I can say now that never in any
other hearings before the committees of Congress, at the time of the
passage of this act and since — and those hearings have been very
voluminous — has it ever been suggested that land holdings in the
Philippines should exceed 20,000 acres. That is the highest recom-
mendation ever made by President Taft himself. He has expressly
declared against these large sugar and tobacco estates, such as these
lands have been sold for. '
Mr. Hamilton. Has this policy ever taken the form of law?
Mr. Martin. It has taken the form of law in this act. It has taken
the form of law in Porto Rico, where the limitation is 500 acres, and
in the bill now pending, which passed the House at the last session
and is pending in the Senate, that is enlarged to 2,500 acres — the
amendment of the gentleman from Kansas, Mr. Madison. It is the
policy of this Government in the Hawaiian Islands. I do not just
know what the limitations are in Hawaii, but they began with very
small limitations there.
Mr. Hamilton. The public-land system there is a system of its
own, of itself. They have a different system.
Mr. Crumpacker. The only limitation in Porto Rico is on corpo-
rations; that is the only limitation anj^where, on corporations.
Mr. Douglas. And is not this true, if I may just ask you a question,
without any regard to the policy of the Government with reference
to public land, since the Government substantially coerced the Phil-
ippine government into bonding itself for nearly $7,000,000 to buy
the lands, is not the question, not with reference to any public policy
with reference to public land, and with reference to the comparatively
small number of acres compared to the public lands that were included
in the friar lands, whether it was not the intention to leave the
Philippine government a free hand in the disposition of those lands
in order to relieve itself of the burden of disposing of the bonds ?
Is not that the question here without reference to colonial poHcy ?
Mr. Martin. The gentleman's question is rather lengthy, but I
am going to answer it briefly. This investigation is first directed
toward the friar lands. It was not the policy to give the Philippine
Government a free hand in their disposition, because they of all lands
in the Philippine Islands ought to have been protected by the limi-
tations. If there are any lands there which should be protected
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 19
from monopoly and kept in the hands of the people, it is these estates,
the monopolization of which by the friars was the chief source of dis-
content in those islands. Now, then, Mr. Crump acker made a state-
ment there that I could not let pass — I might overlook it — that this
involved only the acquisition of land by corporations.
Mr. Crumpacker. The Porto Rican limitation, I said; there was no
limitation on the quantity that an individual would hold, in Porto
Rico or anywhere else.
Mr. Martin. I beg the gentleman's pardon.
The Chairman. If the Chair may suggest, these matters seem to be
rather matters of law and perhaps for argument after the testimony
is in. It seems to me that our course this morning was to ascertain
what facts Mr. Martin desired to have proved, and by what witnesses.
Mr. Hubbard. Will we not get along much more ra]:)idly by allow-
ing Mr. Martin to proceed with his statement in the order in which he
has started it, and then these matters of discussion between ourselves
can arise afterwards ?
The Chairman. I think so.
Mr. Martin. I was about to suggest, however, and it is a proper
place, too, I think, that that inhibition in the Philippines does not
simply run against corporations; it runs against associations of per-
sons, and I hope the committee, not only now, but at all future times,
will keep that fact clearly in mind — that associations of persons are
as much forbidden by the law as are corporations to acquire large
land holdings.
I am coming now to some matters that take us a little away from
the naked question of law, but show how inseparably some features
of this inquiry are bound up in that question. I want to show from
the records which have been made up by the War Department —
and by the War Department I mean in this case the Bureau of
Insular Affairs — that they regarded the limitations as applying to
the friar lands. I want to show that by Gen. Edwards's letter to
Mr. Olmsted of January 28, 1910, published in the Congressional
Record of March 28, 1910, at page 3388. I want to show it by the
statement of Secretary of the Interior Worcester, of the Philip-
pine Islands, in his report to the Secretary of War, August 29, 1910,
at page 65, which is before the committee here in the form of a pam-
phlet entitled ^^The Friar Land Inquiry, Philippine Government.^'
Mr. RucKER. That is to the governor, is it not ?
Mr. Martin. No; these are reports by the governor, the secretary
of the interior, and director of public lands to the Secretary of War.
Mr. RucKER. The secretary of the interior directs this to the
governor general.
Mr. Martin. I want to show it by Maj. Mcln tyre's letter to Mr.
John Henry Hammond, of the firm of Strong & Cadwallader, on
October 2, 1909, which appears in the Congressional Record on April
14 last, at page 4836. I wish to show it by Gov. Forbes's cablegram
to the Secretary of War, of October 22, 1909, appearing in the Con-
gressional Record of April 14 last, at page 4835. I want to show it
by the opinion of the solicitor general of the Philippine Islands and
the director of lands of the Philippine Islands, as the same appears
in this report to the Secretary of War, at fjage 107. In other words,
gentlemen, there are statements and admissions now in the records
made by the variou3 officials that I have mentioned, and by others,
20 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
going to show that they regarded and considered the Kmitations in
the organic law of the PhiHppine Islands as applying to the friar
lands, and that they so advised proposed purchasers of these lands,
notwithstanding which, and prior to any opinion by the Attorney
General of the United States, they negotiated and consummated the
sale of some of these estates.
Gen. Edwards's letter of January 28, 1910, to Hon, M. E. Olmsted,
referring to Philippine friar land act — various statements recognizing
the limitation (Congressional Record Mar. 28, 1910, p. 3888):
War Department,
Bureau op Insular Affairs,
Washington, January 28, 1910.
My Dear Mr. Olmsted: I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of January
24, inclosing one addressed to the Hon. S. W. McCall by Mr. Erving Winelow, secretary
of the Anti-Imperialist League, regarding the sale of one of the friar estates, comprising
approximately 58,000 acres.
I return Mr. Winslow's letter herewith. He thinks this sale is illegal notwithstand-
ing the opinion of the Attorney General, of which I inclose a copy.
This opinion of the Attorney General seems to cover fully the legal aspect of the
question. I also inclose copy of a pamphlet containing a compilation of the laws
and regulations relating to public lands in the Philippines, prepared in 1908, and
also copies of two acts of the Philippine Legislature amending the laws of the Philippine
Commission regarding the sale of friar lands. These will be referred to in the following
statement, which I think will make clear the facts in the case:
Beginning with section 12 of the act of Congress approved July 1, 1902, generally
known as the organic act of the Philippine government, are a number of sections
which relate to the public domain of the Philippine Islands. Section 15 contains
the conditions under which the Philippine government might dispose of the public
domain, limiting the amount which might be acquired by an individual to 16 hectares
(approximately 40 acres) and by a corporation or association of persons to 1,024 hectares
(approximately 2,500 acres).
In another part of this very comprehensive act, beginning with section 63, authority
was given the Philippine government to purchase certain lands of religious orders and
to issue bonds for the purchase price thereof, and section 65 authorized that govern-
ment to dispose of these lands under certain conditions.
It was never contended, as far as known here, that the lands thus purchased, or
which, in fact, might be purchased under any authority of the Philippine govern-
ment to acquire lands, became thereby a part of the public domain or subject in any
way to the laws which related to the public domain.
Having purchased the friar lands under the authority above outlined, the Phil-
ippine Commission, on April 26, 1904, enacted a law providing for the administration,
temporary leasing, and sale of these lands. This act (No. 1120), which you will find
on page 41 et seq, of the inclosed compilation, distinctly stated in the fourth para-
graph of the preamble thereto, that "Whereas the said lands are not public lands in
the sense in which those words are used in the public-land act, and can not be acquired
or leased under the provisions thereof. * * *" So as to this point there seems
never to have been any doubt. However, in this act the commission did impose the
same restrictions on the sale of the friar land as were provided in the case of public
lands in the Philippine Islands, except that an actual occupant of the land might
acquire an amount in excess of that limitation. The purchase of this land by the
Government having been made for the benefit of the occupants, the principal object
of the transaction would have been defeated if a tenant holding more than 40 acres
had been restricted to that amount when he attempted to become the owner of his
holding.
It should be observed that of the 23 estates purchased from the friars, one, the San
Jos^ estate, in Mindoro, which is now under consideration, was wholly unoccupied;
another, the Isabela estate, in Isabela Province, Luzon, is practically unoccupied;
and one, known as the Calamba estate, in Lacuna Province, Luzon, was but 30 per
cent occupied. Of the other estates, all were, m large part, occupied.
From the date of acquiring these lands the Philippine Government proceeded undei
the act above referred to, its efforts being principally directed to disposing of the land
to the actual occupants where occu|)ied. However, it soon became evident that the
unoccupied estates could not be disposed of with the limitations as to individual
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 21
purchasers in the public-land law which had been embodied by the Philippine Com-
mission in the law governing the sale of the friar lands.
Before the lands could be sold it was necessary to make surveys and proper descrip-
tions of the various estates, so that the bureau of the Philippine Government having
the matter in hand was occupied in various preliminaries and was not prepared to
offer these unoccupied lands for sale much before 1908. In his report for that year
the chief of the bureau of lands called attention to the impossibility of selling such
lands in the very small lots allowed by existing laws of the Philippines, and recom-
mended that the law be so modified as to enable the government to offer these unoccu-
pied estates under such terms as would attract purchasers. This recommendation
met the approval of the Philippine Legislature, the Philippine Commission having
ceased to be the legislative body of the islands, becoming simply the upper house of
the legislature, the lower house being elective. This legislature enacted acts Nos.
1847 and 1933, copies of which are inclosed herewith.
The principal object of these acts was to enable the Philippine Government to
dispose of those unoccupied friar lands. As far as known, no question had ever been
raised as to the legality of the action thus taken by the legislature. It was believed
to be acting within the authority which had been given it by Congress to dispose
of these lands.
Proceeding in accordance with the friar-land act, as thus amended, effort was made
to sell the San Jose estate, in the island of Mindoro, which is the one referred to above
as being wholly unoccupied. The Christian, civilized inhabitants of that island are
very few in number, and it was evident to anyone acquainted with conditions in the
Philippines that if the sale of this estate was restricted to small, 40-acre sections, it
would not be disposed of within the life of the bonds issued for its purchase by the
Government. The Philippine Government had paid for this estate $298,000. The
bonds paid 4 per cent, so that the annual charges against the estate were considerable,
and the large initial cost to the Philippine Government was being rapidly increased, as
the only revenues received from it were small amounts for grazing privileges, the land
being unoccupied and uncultivated.
This was considered to be good sugar land, and there was no great delay in obtaining
an offer for it after the removal of the limitation as to area which could be sold to one
purchaser.
The first information concerning the sale of this estate to be received in the War
Department was through the public press. It was to the effect that a Mr. Poole, of
Habana, was the buyer. The Governor General of the Philippine Islands had pro-
ceeded with the sale under the laws above referred to, and had not felt it necessary
to consult the department in the matter. However, as it was the first sale under the
amended laws, the Secretary of War cabled the Governor General to hold up the con-
clusion of the sale pending an investigation of the right of the Philippine Government
to make the proposed sale, and at the same time the attorney of the proposed pur-
chaser submitted the same question to the Secretary of War. ■
The opinion of the Attorney General covers the legal question very completely.
The sale was effected and the first payment thereon was made January 4, 1910. The
sale price was 1367,000, which covers the initial cost to the Philippine Government,
with interest thereon at 4 per cent per annum from the date of purchase until the
date of sale, and the cost of administration with interest thereon at the same rate .
As you are well aware, there has been considerable criticism of the action of the Phil-
ippine Government in purchasing these estates. There have been allegations that
the prices paid were far in excess of their commercial value. Rather than to enter
into a discussion of this last feature the Philippine Government has been disposed
to admit that the price was a large one, but to justify the purchase on the grounds of
broad public policy.
Since the sale of this estate in the open market at the price paid for it, plus interest
and administration charges, there has been, in certain quarters, a disposition to criticise
this transaction. Having prophesied an immense loss to the Philippine government
from this purchase, there has been some disappointment that the Government had
not been disposed to justify these prophecies.
There may still be losses due to the purchase of these estates, but they will be
chargeable, not to the high price paid for the property, but to the effort of the Govern-
ment to protect the tenants occupying the estates, and to transfer to them the owner-
ship of their holdings. It would certainly have been unwise on the part of the Govern-
ment to increase the loss which will arise from this carrying out of a policy determined
upon when the estates were purchased, by improvidently holding unoccupied estates
which could not for generations be sold except to persons who would buy them only
m large tracts.
22 ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
It should be noted that this was a sale to an individual and not to a corporation, so
that the question of the area of land which may be operated by a corporation engaged in
agriculture (sec. 75, act of Congress of July 1, 1902) is in no way involved.
Yours, very truly,
C. R. Edwards.
Hon. Marlin E. Olmsted,
Representative in Congress.
From Secretary Worcester's report to Gov. Forbes, August 29,
1910, page 65:
But until June 3, 1908, there existed a provision of law which prevented their sale
"en bloc," or the sale of any occupied portion of them, to persons other than occupants,
or the sale of more than 40 acres, whether occupied or unoccupied, to any individual.
Extract from opinion of solicitor general to director of lands,
Manila, on October 18, 1909:
Manila, October 18, 1909.
Sir: In compliance with your request of the 12th instant, I have the honor to
render an opinion upon the following question:
Has the director of lands authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to
purchase from the Government, vacant and unoccupied lands constituting a portion
of the friar lands purchase without a restriction as to area?
It appears from your communication that this question has arisen from an inquiry
that was made in the United States' as to the purchase of the San Jose de Mindoro
estate by an individual, and you say it is understood that an opinion was- offered at
the Bureau of Insular Affairs that an individual could not purchase more than 16
hectares of unoccupied friar lands. As I can not agree with that opinion, I shall state
at some length" the grounds upon which my conclusion is based.
Gov. Forbes's cable to Secretary of War, October 22, 1909 (Con-
gressional Eecord, Apr. 14, p. 4835):
[Translation of cablegram received.]
October 22, 1909.
SiCRETARY OF War, Washington:
Prentiss and Poole desire to purchase unoccupied sugar lands on San Jose friar es-
tates, Mindoro; say Hammond was informed by the Bureau of Insular Affairs an indi-
vidual can not purchase more than 40 acres friar lands. Can not understand this, as
acts 1847 and 1933 were passed amending friar-land act to give Government right
to sell vacant friar lands without restriction as to area. Attorney general concurs in
the opinion that this has been accomplished. Please confirm by telegraph to satisfy
these gentlemen.
Forbes.
Maj. Mclntvre to Mr. John Henry Hammond, October 22, 1909
(Congressional Kecord, Apr. 14, p. 4836):
Waji Department,
Bureau op Insular Affairs,
Washington, October 22, 1909.
My Dear Mr. Hammond: When you were in the office about the 3d of September,
among other things with reference to the land laws of the Philippines discussed was
the application oi these laws to the friar estates. Very little attention was paid to
this feature of the case, as I explained to you that I was under the impression that no
effort was being made to sell any of the friar estates in large blocks, and specifically
that I did not understand that the Philippine Government was making any effort to
sell the San Jose estate of about 56,000 acres on the island of Mindoro. You will recall
that you had received advice from Manila, or that your clients had received advice,
that this estate was in the market. In any case, I am satisfied that I gave you the im-
pression that the limitations of the act of Congress relating to the public lands had been
extended to the friar estates.
I now desire to correct both of these impressions. A cable received from Manila
to-day indicates that it is desired to sell the San Jose estate, and I inclose two acts
of the Philippine legislature amending ''the friar-lands act," which make it clear
that the unoccupied lands on the friar estates may be sold to individuals without
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 23
any limitation as to area. I do not know that you are still interested in this matter
in any way, but I do not desire that you should be under any misapprehension as to
the matter, due to our conversation.
Sincerely, yours, Frank McIntyre,
Major ^ Eighth Infantry^ Assistant to Chief of Bureau,
John Henry Hammond, Esq.
(Care Strong & Cadwalader),
40 Wall Street, New York, N. Y.
(Includes acts Nos. 1847 and 1933 of the Philippine Commission.)
Mr. Parsons. When was the opinion of the Attorney General of
the Phihppines ? Are you going to put that in ?
Mr. Martin. I have not the date of that^ and I think I will allow
the other gentlemen to put that in. I have already referred to the
question of policy. But I wish to refer the committee here to
President Taft's testimony in the hearings before the Senate Philip-
pine Committee in February, 1902, when they were considering the
organic law of the Philippine Islands, and particularly what he had
to say with reference to the size of land holdings. I want to refer
the committee to President Taft's special report to President Roose-
velt on January 23, 1908, when Mr. Taft was Secretary of War, and
what he had to say there about land limitations, and the prol)able
result of creating these large plantations or estates in the Philippine
Islands.
Gov. Taft before the House Committee on Insular Affairs:
Mr. Taft, then governor of the Philippines, was a witness before the House Com-
mittee on Insular Affairs, when the following colloquy occurred:
Mr. Williams of Illinois. You think the commission should have power to lease
lands without limit as to quantity, do you? That is, large tracts?
Gov. Taft. I think I said we ought to have the power to lease large tracts, but I
did not mean that to be without limitation.
Mr. Williams of Illinois. If you had such a limitation, what would you suggest?
Gov. Taft. With reference to the sugar lands, I understand in Cuba there are plan-
tations of 20,000 acres. The limitation inserted in this bill was 5,000 acres. I think
that is too small.
Mr. Williams of Illinois. What number would you suggest?
Gov. Taft. Twenty thousand acres might be a fair limitation; that is, for sugar
lands.
Mr. Williams of Illinois. For other lands?
Gov. Taft. I think 5,000 acres might be a fair limitation for tobacco lands.
Secretary Taft, in special report to President Koosevelt, January
23, 1908, said:
Nor would I regard it as a beneficial result for the Philippine Islands to have the
fields of those islands turned exclusively to the growth of sugar. The social conditions
that this would bring about would not promise well for the political and industrial
development of the people, because the cane-sugar industry makes a society in which
there are wealthy landowners, holding very large estates with most valuable and
expensive plants and a large population of unskilled labor, with no small farming or
middle class tending to build up a conservative, self-respecting community from bot-
tom to top.
Mr. Taft made the following statement before the House Insular
Affairs Committee on February 26, 1902:
There is no desire on the part of the commission to have that kind of exploitation
which will lead to the ownership of principalities in the island by a corporation.
I also wish to call your attention to the fact that he recommended,
m this special report of 1908, enlarged land holdings.
24 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
These matters are of importance, in my judgment, with reference
to the continued recommendations for enlarged land holdings over
there, and the continued efforts that have been made from time to
time in Congress to have the limitations enlarged — some of you gen-
tlemen are much more familiar with these matters than I — as going
to show that it was not in the mind of anyone — of President Taf t, of
the War Department, or of Congress — that there were already in the
Philippine Islands large quantities of land upon which there were no
limitations whatever, so that one individual, or one association of
persons or one corporation acting through an agent who would hold
the nominal title, might acquire an unlimited quantity — hundreds of
thousands of acres of land. I have said that it was never suggested
to Congress that these limitations did not apply. It was not known
that they did not apply until the opinion of Attorney General Wick-
ersham to that effect. I have already referred to the policy of lim-
ited land holdings, as shown by legislation in Porto Rico and, I believe,
Hawaii.
The intent to apjply this policy in the Philippines and the reasons
therefor, are clearly shown in the following extracts from Senate
hearings and debates :
General Mac Arthur, before the Senate Committee on the Philippines, said:
"I deprecate the idea that we are going to sell public lands there in blocks of 5,000
acres with a view to rapid exploitation. That I should regard as disastrous both
to American and Filipino interests absolutely.''
Mr. Root, then Secretary of War, was a witness before the House Committee when
the following dialogue occurred :
The Chairman (then Mr. Cooper of Wisconsin). As to section 39, which relates
to the granting of franchises, ' ' Every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture
shall by its charter be restricted to the ownership and control of not exceeding 1,000
acres of land;" it is 1,000 acres in Hawaii, I think. What would you think of that
limitation? It has been suggested that it ought to be 5,000 acres, in view of the
situation in the Philippines.
Secretary Root. My impression would be in favor of giving a very wide scope to
the Philippine Government. Although I am not much of a believer in the wisdom
of having very large tracts of land owned by any one concern, I think that you can
safely put discretion in the Philippine Government on that subject.
On January 18, 1902, Mr. Root appeared before the Insular Committee and gave
testimony in relation to Philippine matters. Concerning the acquisition and method
of disposition of the friar lands, Secretary Root said, on page 68:
''The political situation is such that, at what we may find to be a fair price, it is
undoubtedly wise for us to buy, and then to turn around and vest the titles to these
lands in the tenants at a reasonable price (giving them good long time, of course, to
pay, so that instead of paying rent they will be making partial payments on the pur-
chase), and then use that money to retire the obligations given to raise the original
purchase price."
On February 7, 1902, Governor Taft was before the Philippine Committee of the
Senate, pages 178-179 of the hearings:
' ' The Chairman. In this connection, as we have got onto the matter of what is neces-
sary for the commissioners to do, I wish to ask if you consider it very important for the
general welfare and pacification of the islands that we should buy the friars' lands or
make arrangements to give them back to the actual settlers at the earliest moment?
''Governor Taft. Yes, sir; I do. I do not think there is an}^ one thing which Con-
gress has been invited to do in the report that is more immediately important than
that. * ^ * Now, I think it may be said generally, as we said m our first report,
that the title of the friars to those lands is, as a legal proposition, indisputable. If we
can buy those lands and make them Government lands, and in that way separate in
the minds of the tenants the relation of the friar to the land, and say to the tenants,
* We will sell you these lands on long payments, so that they will become yours,' I
believe we can satisfy the people and avoid the agrarian question which will arise
when our Government is appealed to to put into possession of those lands the people
who own them.''
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 25
On February 28 Governor Taft was before the Insular Committee of the House.
From page 223 of these hearings we read :
"Mr. Maddox. If I understand you, from what I have heard you say I gather that
you think it would be cheaper for the United States to undertake to buy these lands
than to restore them to their owners?
Governor Taft. I do; what I mean is, if we buy the lands we put the title of the
Government between the friars and the subsequent disposition of the lands, and that
then the Government may, by liberal terms to the tenants, enable the tenants, by pay-
ments strung over a long number of years, to become the owners of the land. The
payments can be arranged so that not much more than the rent would nevertheless
pay for the land. And in that way I think the insular government could probably be
made whole or nearly so. I think the plan proposed by the commission as adopted in
the bill introduced by Mr. Cooper contemplates the establishment of a sinking fund
out of the proceeds of the sales of the lands to the tenants to meet the bonds."
On April 22, Senator Rawlins said in part (Congressional Record, p. 4527):
"Mr. President, it is an unusual authority, as the Senator from Massachusetts
[Mr. Hoar], who is a distinguished lawyer, will, I think, at once recognize, to undertake
to appropriate in the exercise of the power of eminent domain the lands or property
belonging to on-e corporation in order to transfer the same lands to another corporation.
In this case the power is to be exercised by the application of a sort of religious test.
If these lands are held by a corporation composed of Catholics of a certain order, they
are to be the subject of condemnation, to be turned over by the process of eminent
domain into the hands of another corporation composed of perhaps Protestants, or
people of mixed religion, or no religion. * * * Mr. President, these syndicates,
organized with stockholders in New York and Chicago and San Francisco or Great
Britain, with their agents in the islands to execute their policy of greed (using that
word in no offensive senSe, but only to the end for which %he corporation itself is
organiiied), the land being thus held and thus managed, how are you ever to have a citi-
zenship in the islands upon whom could safely be devolved the exercise of the powers
of government? How do you ever expect by such a policy to uplift the people of the
islands and make them fit for self-government? This policy does not tend to insure
an independent and self-reliant and intelligent citizenship. It tends to degradation,
to turpitude, and slavery. It tends to unfit the people, and if they are now unfit to be
trusted with the employment of any power of government, they will be doubly unfit
after they receive a schooling under the training and despotism of alien syndicates
holding possession of all their lands. "^ * * So that the practical effect, if this
policy be carried out, will be to issue bonds, to incur this indebtedness, and to appro-
priate, against the will of these religious orders, in the exercise of the power of eminent
domain, this more than half a million acres of land and immediately, under rules to be
prescribed by the Philippine Commission, dispose of it in tracts ranging from 5,000
to 20,000 acres to syndicates or corporations in perpetuity."
On May 5 Senator Lodge said (Congressional Record, p. 5031):
"The sections in regard to these lands, of course, in the nature of things, give a
large power to the commission, but there is no other way that I have seen suggested
to get these lands out of the hands of these religious corporations and back into the
hands of the people who cultivate them.
"We have also clauses in the bill providing for franchises. They are guarded with
the utmost care. I can not now undertake to read, and I shall not detain the Senate by
reading those franchise clauses, but I invite Senators to examine them with the utmost
care.^ They are guarded in every possible way compatible with giving any reasonable
opening to capital to enter into the islands with the hope of profitable investment.
"The main object of the bill, Mr. President, is, in a word, to replace military by
civil government — ^to advance self-government; and yet it is delayed in this Chamber
and opposed by those who proclaim themselves the especial foes of military rule.
"The second object of the bill is to help the development of the islands; and yet,
as the committee felt, to help that development only by taking the utmost pains
that thert should be no opportunity given for undue or selfish exploitation. The
opponents of this legislation have dwelt almost continuously — when they have spoken
on this bill — on the point that it is intended to open the islands to exploiters, to syn-
dicates, and to carpetbaggers. ^ * * But these exploiters, these syndicates,
these carpetbaggers, who march back and forth through the speeches of Democratic
Senators like the sceneshifter's army, have as little reality as the air-drawn dagger of
Macbeth. It is continually reiterated the bill is simply for purposes of exploitation;
my own conclusion is that they are to be brought into the Philippines by this bill;
and while Senators in opposition are declaiming against this bill as throwing the islands
open to improper exploitation and speculation I have had many gentlemen come to
me who desire to invest money in the Philippine Islands who say that the bill is so
82278°— H. Rept. 2289, 61-3 6
26 ADMTNISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
drawn that it is impossible for capital to go in there to any large amount. When gen-
tlemen who desire to invest take that view and the Democratic Party takes their
view, we have got a pretty good bill."
May 9 Mr. Teller said in part (Congressional Record, p. 5215):
"I want some one to tell me why a corporation should be permitted to take 5,000
acres of land there? If one corporation may take 5,000 acres, 10 corporations may each
take 5,000 acres, and a hundred corporations may each take 5,000 acres. There is no
limit to the number of corporations that may go there; and, after they have taken the
lands and got their title, if they should conclude to form a combination, they could do
that, I suppose, although there is a provision here which says:
'' 'And this provision shall be held to prevent any corporation engaged in agriculture
from being in any wise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture.'
''That, I suppose, was put in the bill as a sort of sop to the people who might be
afraid of consolidation; but there is not a man living in these days who has given any
attention to the affairs of our country for the last two or three years who does not know
that it will amount to absolutely nothing; and that if 50 corporations having each
5,000 acres should conclude to enter into a combination, they could do it in spite of all
the Filipinos and all the United States besides. * * *
"Mr. President, that is all I am going to say about this bill, and I expect, under the
circumstances, I ought to apologize for having said so much. I shall say more about
it if, after the attention of the Senate has been called to it, somebody does not propose
to make some suggestions of amendments which, I think, ought to come from the other
side and not from this side."
On May 16, Senator Deboe alluded as follows to the disposition of these lands (Con-
gressional Record, p. 5543):
"The bill, taking it as a whole, seems to deal fairly and justly with the whole Philip-
pine question, and while I shall not attempt to discuss it in detail, not having had
the opportunity of hearing the evidence produced, I do approve of the measure as
being a great improvement of the conditions in which we found those natives of the
islands. It deals with the mining interest, the land and real estate questions, and
especially the lands owned or claimed by certain corporations and the friars. I hope
to see the most liberal treatment of the rights of the inhabitants as to public lands. It
ought to be arranged so as to open up the lands to settlement by the people and guard
against too much liberality toward corporations."
On May 23, Senator Dubois contended that the bill was intended for exploitation.
He said (Congressional Record, p. 5862):
"Under the bill which we are now discussing, not only are these enormous tracts of
land to be turned over to syndicates and corporations, but all kinds of franchises are
to be granted. Capitalists are invited there with the offer of unusual inducements."
Mr. Beveridge, on May 23, said (Congressional Record, p. 5866)-
"It is very late and there have been many interruptions, so I shall not go on with
much I had noted down here; but I wish to refer to just one thing which appears to
show inconsistency on the Senator's part. He spoke of syndicates taking these lands,
and yet the Senator knows that in this bill it is provided that no corporation shall own
more than 5,000 acres of land, and that it is within the power of the commission abso-
lutely to prevent them owning more. He knows that, as to private holdings, there is
an absolute prohibition in the bill that any person having those holdings shall sell or
lease or demise them; and yet the Senator says that this whole scheme is a scheme of
exploitation by corporations and syndicates.
"But the Senator refuted himself, as is often the case in oversubtle arguments,
because he cited as an illustration the protest of the Philippine Development Co.,
was it not?
"Mr. Dubois. Yes.
"Mr. Beveridge. They protest against what, Mr. President? Is it the protest that
they are not going to get more land of which the Senator complains? No; it is a protest
against our Government taking these vast quantities of land from this corporation to
give to small private holders.
"The only instance, Mr. President, that the Senator was able to show in support of
this alleged danger of the great holdings of land by syndicates was an illustration of
precisely the reverse, and that is that one great syndicate is now protesting that the
Government is about to take away its vast holdings and distribute them amongst small
holders.
On May 27 Mr. Patterson said in part (Congressional Record, p. 5966):
"Without going into many details, I call attention to the provision which author-
izes the commission to dispose of the public lands in tracts of 5,000 acres. The claim
is made that there are provisions in the bill which prevent corporations from securing
more than 5,000 acres. I maintain that the provisions in the bill will permit one indi-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 27
vidua! of a corporation to secure title to hundreds of thousands of acres, and there is
nothing in the bill that can prevent it. Authority is given to the commission to grant
to corporations public lands in quantities of 5,000 acres. A corporation may consist
of but three members. One of the members may be the moneyed man, the others
mere nonentities.
" It will require three to create a corporation. Those three can organize themselves
into as many corporations as they see fit. Three men may call a corporation they organ-
ize by one name and file articles of incorporation. They may organize another corpo-
ration under another name and file other articles of incorporation. They may keep
up this process without limit, organizing as many corporations as they wish. By
adopting such a course each body corporate is a separate and independent corporation.
The man with the money may be the principal man in all of them; and since 5,000
acres may be bought by each corporation, this one moneyed man may, for all practical
purposes, become the owner of hundreds of thousands of acres. One man, the principal
stockholder in 20 such corporations, will practically become the owner of 100,000
acres of land under the provisions of the bill, and you have only to multiply the num-
ber of corporations to determine the number of acres that one, two, or three men may
become the owners of under this proposed law.
"How is it proposed to check this? If the honorable chairman of the committee
will indicate to the Senate how this may be prevented or will show to the Senate that
my claims are not well founded, then the Senate will have something upon which to
rest when it comes face to face with this proposition. "^ * * So we see what may
be done, notwithstanding the provisions in the section 77; and I will go to that section
and read it from the printed bill, for it is upon that section the majority of the com-
mittee profess to rely:
'''That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying and
selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may be
reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be
restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed 5,000 acres of land; and this
provision shall be held to prevent any corporation engaged in agriculture from being
m anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture.' "
I want also to put into the record the letter of explanation of Mr.
John Henry Hammond; of the firm of Strong & Cadwallader, as to
why his firm withdrew, or claimed to withdraw, at a certain point,
from these negotiations as the representative of Havemeyer and others
for the purchase of the San Jose estate, the reason assigned being that
discretionary action on the part of the Government was involved.
Reply of Mr. Hammond withdrawing his firm and reason assigned:
40 Wall Street,
New Yorl, October 23, 1909.
My Dear Maj. McIntyre: I beg to acknowledge receipt of your very kind letter
of yesterday inclosing copies of acts Nos. 1847 and 1933 of the Philippine Commission,
relating to the sale of the friar lands.
After careful consideration and in view of the fact that it may be necessary for my
former clients to request some discretionary action on the part of the Government
officials, I decided that they had better be represented by other counsel; accordingly,
the firm of Cravath, Henderson & de Gersdorff has taken up the matter. I have sent
your letter and the inclosures to Mr. Leffingwell, of that firm.
Thanking you for your courtesy in the matter, I remain, sincerely, yours,
John Henry Hammond.
Maj. Frank McIntyre,
War Department, Bureau of Insular Affairs f Washington, D. C.
My position is that there was no discretion involved whatever.
Either the estates were subject to sale or they were not. I treat the
withdrawal of this firm, under the reason assigned, as tantamount to
an admission in their judgment that these limitations did apply, and
they did not care to be connected with a transaction in which it
would be held that they did not apply
Mr. Parsons. Would not the Bureau of Insular Affairs have some-
thing to do with the amount paid ? Would not its discretion be in-
volved with the aniount?
28 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. The amount ?
Mr. Douglas. The amounts for which the lands should be sold ?
Mr. Parsons. And the terms.
Mr. Douglas. And the terms of sale.
Mr. Martin. I want to say this on that point: It is a matter of in-
difference in this inquiry for what the lands were sold. I have never
charged that they were sold for less than they cost, or for less than
they were worth. That impression has crept out. It w^as due to
some questions that were asked me the first time that I discussed
this matter, and I stated frankly that I was not saying this land was
sold for less than it cost. I said I did not know what they were paying
for it, and the remark speaks for itself.
Mr. Hamilton. Your position is that the sale was illegal ?
Mr. Martin. My position is that the sale was illegal, even if they
sold it for three times as much as it was worth.
Mr. Douglas. Do you deny that your remarks in the colloquy
on the floor of the House left the impression that they were sold for
one-third of what they cost ?
Mr. Martin. I will say in answer to the question of the gentle-
man from Ohio, Mr. Douglas, that it never left any such impression
in my mind; that I never thought about it at the time or dreamed
that any such interpretation would be put on it.
Mr. KucKER. On the contrary, as I remember, Mr. Martin dis-
tinctly disavowed any such meaning to Mr. Sabath, who was the
gentleman who made the suggestion.
Mr. Douglas. The record speaks for itself.
The Chairman. It seems to me that is a little aside froni what
we are considering here this morning.
Mr. Martin. Coming on down. The Philippine Legislature has
passed two little amendatory acts amending the friar-land act, which
they passed in April, 1904, for the disposition of these lands, after
they nad been acquired by contracts in December, 1903, and these
two amendatory acts, which are Nos. 1847 and 1933, are claimed
by the officials of the Philippine government to have amended the
friar-land act so as to abolish the limitations and confer upon the
government the power to dispose of them in any quantities or in any
manner that it saw fit. And they claim that these acts were unani-
mously passed by the Philippine Assembly, showing their assent to the
new policy with reference to these estates. In connection with that
I want to say, first, that no fair interpretation of these acts will per-
mit of any such construction as is claimed by the officials of the Phil-
ippine government; that the acts only relate to procedure and other
matters to be followed in attempting to sell in small parcels to tenants;
and that the unanimous protest of the Philippine people, without
regard to party or any other consideration, against this policy in the
sale of these estates in bulk is conclusive that there was no such intent
in the mind of the Philippine Assembly in passing these acts.
Mr. Hamilton. How did the Philippine people manifest their pro-
test, Mr. Martin ? And just here, I assume that these amendments
to which you have referred, as well as various other matters to which
you have referred, you will print or have printed in your statement,
so that we can get them without the necessity of searching here and
there for them ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; I will do that,
ADMIKISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 29
Mr. Crumpacker. The whole acts will go in.
The Chairman. I think they are all before the committee and have
been here for a long time.
Mr. Martin. In Chapter II of said pnblic-land act^ under the
heading '^ Sales of portions of the public domain/^ it is provided in
section 10 that any citizen of the Philippine Islands, or of the United
States or of any insular possession thereof, or any corporation or
like association of persons organized under the laws of the Philippine
Islands or any State, Territory, or insular possession thereof, and
authorized to transact business in the Philippine Islands, may pur-
chase any tract of unoccupied, unappropriated, and unreserved,
nonmineral, agricultural public land in the Philippine Islands, as
defined in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, not to exceed 16 hectares
for an individual, or 1,024 hectares for a corporation or like associa-
tion, etc.
Section 9 of the friar-land act reads as follows:
Sec. 9. In the event the chief of the bureau of public lands should find any of the
said lands vacant, he is directed to take possession and charge thereof, and he may
either lease such unoccupied lands for a term not exceeding three years or offer the
same for sale, as in his judgment may seem for the best interests of the Government,
and in making such sales he shall proceed as provided in chapter two of the public
land act.
And following are the two amendatory acts passed by the Philippine
Legislature :
(No. 1847.]
[AN ACT Amending sections nine and eleven of act numbered eleven hundred and twenty, entitled
"The Friar Lands Act," providing for the manner of sale of unoccupied lands and the time within
which deferred i)ayments by purchasers of friar lands may be made,]
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Legislature, that:
Section 1. Section nine of act numbered eleven hundred and twenty, entitled
"The Friar Lands Act," is hereby amended to read as follows:
**Sec. 9. In the event the director of lands should fmd any of the said lands vacant,
he is directed to take possession and charge thereof, and he may either lease such
unoccupied lands for a term not exceeding three years or offer the same for sale, as
in his judgment may seem for the best interests of the government, and in making
such sales he shall proceed as provided in section eleven of this act."
Sec. 2. Section eleven of the said act is hereby amended to read as follows:
**Sec. 11. Should any person who is the actual and bona fide settler upon and
occupant of any portion of said lands at the time the same is conveyed to the govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands desire to purchase the land so occupied by him, he shall
be entitled to do so at the actual cost thereof to the government, and shall be allowed
to pay for same in equal annual or semiannual installments: Provided, however y
That payment by installments shall be in such amounts and at such time that the
entire amount of the purchase price, with interest accrued, shall be paid at least one
year before the maturity of what are known as the "friar lands bonds," issued under
the provisions of act numbered one thousand and thirty-four, that is, on or before
February first, nineteen hundred and thirty-three. The terms of purchase shall be
agreed upon between the purchaser and the director of lands, subject to the approval
of the secretary of the interior, and all deferred payments on the purchase price shall
bear interest at the rate of four per centum per annum.
'"In case of sale of vacant lands under the provisions of section nine of this act,
the director of lands shall notify the municipal president or municipal presidents of
the municipality or municipalities in which said lands lie of said sale before the same
takes place. Upon receipt of such notification by said municipal president or munici-
pal presidents the latter shall publish the same for three consecutive days, by bandillos,
in the poblaci6n and barrio or barrios affected, and shall certify all these acts to the
director of lands, who shall then, and not before, proceed to make the said sale with
preference, other conditions being equal, to the purchaser who has been a tenant or
bona fide occupant at any time of the said lands or part thereof, and if there has been
more than one occupant to the last tenant or occupant: Provided, however, That no
30 ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPIKE LANDS.
sale of vacant lands made in accordance with this section sliall be valid nor of any
effect without the requisite as to publication by bandillos, above provided."
Sec. 3. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, June 3, 1908.
[No. 1933.]
[AN ACT Adding new matter to section seven of act numbered eleven hundred and twenty and amend-
ing sections nine and eleven of said act, as amended by act numbered eighteen hundred and forty-seven,
and for other purposes.]
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Legislature, that:
Section 1. The following is hereby added to the end of section seven of act num-
bered eleven hundred and twenty:
"Provided, That the failure on the part of the occupants to state their desire to lease
or purchase said lands shall not be understood to mean that they do not desire to acquire
them. In case of such failure it shall be the duty of the director of lands, or his agents,
to enjoin such occupants to state their desire in writing within the period of eight days
from the date of such injunction, and their failure to do so shall be understood to mean
that such occupants do not desire either to lease or to purchase said lands. The direc-
tor of lands shall neither lease nor sell the said lands to any other person until the fore-
goincr requirements shall have been complied with, and any contracts of lease or of
sale hereafter executed without them shall be null and void."
Sec. 2. Section nine of act numbered eleven hundred and twenty, as amended by
act numbered eighteen hundred and forty-seven, is hereby amended to read as
follows:
"Sec. 9. In the event the director of lands should find any of said lands vacant, he
is directed to take possession and charge thereof, and he may either lease such unoc-
pied lands for a term not exceeding three years, or sell same, as may be solicited, and
m making such leases or such sales he shall proceed as provided in section eleven of
this act."
Sec. 3. Paragraph two of section eleven of the said act, as amended by act num-
bered eighteen hundred and forty-seven, is hereby amended to read as follows:
'*In case of lease of vacant lands, as well as in case of sale of same under the pro-
visions of section nine of this act, the director of lands shall notify the municipal
president or municij)al presidents of the municipality or municipalities in which
said lands lie before the same takes place. Upon receipt of such notification by said
municipal president or municipal presidents the latter shall publish the same for three
consecutive days, by bandillos, in the poblaci6n and barrio or barrios affected, and
shall certify all these acts to the director of lands, who shall then, and not before,
proceed to execute the contract or lease or to make the said sale with preference, other
conditions being equal, to the purchaser who has been a tenant or bona fide occupant
at any time of the said lands or part thereof, and if there has been more than one occu-
pant to the last tenant or occupant: Provided, however, That no contract for the lease
of and no sale of vacant lands made in accordance with this section shall be valid nor
of any effect without the requisite as to publication by bandillos above provided."
Sec 4. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, May 20, 1909.
Mr. Martin. In this connection, I will invite the committee to
call before it the Philippine commissioner, Mr. Manuel L. Quezon.
I think he was a member of the legislature at that time.
Mr. Douglas. As to the intent of the language used in acts of
the legislature ?
Mr. Martin. As to the intent in passing these acts.
Mr. Douglas. Intent as expressed in any other way than in the
acts themselves ?
Mr. Martin. I say this, Mr. Douglas, there is no express repeal
of the limitations; there is no reference to them, directly or indi-
rectly; only a change of procedure.
Mr. Crumpacker. Does this not repeal the section that contains
the limitation and say that from now on these lands shall be con-
trolled in connection with the public-land act that contained no
limitation?
Mr. Douglas. Is it not purely a matter of construction as to what
that language means, not what anybody in the legislature intended
it to mean ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 31
Mr. Martin. I will say this, that it undoubtedly is, so far as the
Philippine Government is concerned, a matter of construction, but I
simply point to the fact that their construction is totally at variance
with the sentiments and ideas of the Philippine people. I do not
believe you can get a member of the Philippine Legislature or their
commissioner here in Washington to say that there was any such
idea in the mind of their legislature.
Mr. Douglas. Would you not think it was rather an extraordinary
thing to subpoena a member of the Colorado Legislature before a
committee of Congress to interpret an act of the Colorado Legislature ?
The legislative act must speak for itself; and whatever it meant,
whether it was wrongly or rightly construed by the Philippine Gov-
ernment, is purely a question of law about which you can take one
view and I another and Mr. Garrett another. But it would be a
useless expenditure of our time to go into that.
Mr. Martin. We are put in this position, then, that the Philippine
Legislature unanimously passed laws with the purpose and intent of
throwing the friar estates open to exploitation and sale to foreign
interests.
Mr. Douglas. Throwing them open to sale to get rid of the debt
which was upon the Government.
Mr. Martin. And they and their people now unanimously repu-
diate that action.
Mr. Crumpacker. On what ground ? They repudiate that action
on the ground that American capital invested there postpones the day
of absolute independence, and not for industrial or commercial rea-
sons.
Mr. Martin. I would like right here to offer the letter from Mr.
Commissioner Quezon on that point.
Mr. Crumpacker. I read Mr. Quezon's letter last night.
Mr. Martin. His letter to the Secretary of War, and I would like
to file it.
Mr. Crumpacker. He made a special report to the Secretary of
War, and he said, ^^We have no objection from an industrial stand-
point; it is purely a political standpoint, because the more American
capital is invested in the Philippines, the longer the time will be before
we get independence. '^
Mr. Martin. In view of the statement of Mr. Crumpacker of what
the letter contains, I would like to read it.
The Chairman. It is almost time for us to go to the House now,
and I would like to call your attention to this list of the witnesses you
have asked us to subpoena. You give us here the names of Horace
Havemeyer, Charles H. Senff, and Charles J. Welch, whom you
want sut3poenaed, but you do not give their addresses or residences.
Do you know where they live ?
Mr. Martin. I suppose Mr. Havemeyer and Mr. Senff live in
New York City. I do not know but what Mr. Welch lives in Phila-
delphia. But I am not certain about that.
The Chairman. Do you know where E. L. Poole and P. A Prentiss
can be found ?
Mr. Martin. I think that Mr. Poole is in Manila. The where-
abouts of Mr. Prentiss is unknown to me.
The Chairman. You said a moment ago that you wanted us to
subpoena the Mindoro Development Co. We can not subpoena a
company. We can subpoena the individual officers.
32 ADMIKISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. The company was put in for the reason that their
books, papers, and accounts were sought.
The Chairman. I know, but we have to subpoena some natural
person.
Mr. Martin. There is a subpcEna there for George S. Hobart. He
is their legal agent, but I do not know what other authority he has.
We could, perhaps, subpoena the secretary of the company, whose
name I have not.
The Chairman. Perhaps we can get those addresses from some of
the witnesses whose addresses you have.
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; probably.
The Chairman. Then you say you wish that subpoenaes duces
tecum issue for said persons. That follows immediately the Mindora
Development Co., but you do not name the persons.
Mp. Martin. I refer to all these persons — every person who comes
before this committee who has books or papers or vouchers or receipts
or other documents.
The Chairman. I know, but you do not want all these people to
produce the records of the Mindora Development Co. ?
Mr. Martin. No; they could not all very well do that.
The Chairman. If we want to get these subpoenas in accordance
with your thought we will have to know the thought and facts. In
other words, do you w^ant us to issue to J. Montgomery Strong a
subpoena duces tecum to produce the books of the Mindora Develop-
ment Co. ?
Mr. Martin. Most certainly not.
The Chairman. Then will you kindly tell us which witnesses you
want subpoenaed duces tecum to produce those books ?
Mr. Martin. The people who are connected with the company.
The Chairman. We do not know who they are. If you can give
us their names, we will subpoena them.
Mr. Martin. All the names I have in my possession are given there.
One of them is Hobart, the agent of the company, upon whom process
may be served in the State of New Jersey.
The Chairman. We will subpoena him, then.
Mr. Martin. And the others are the three incorporators of the
company, and their managing agent is Mr. E. L. Poole.
The Chairman. You ask us to subpoena the San Francisco Agricul-
tural Co., of California. Of course, we can not subpoena that com-
pany. You name here Charles McMullen.
Mr. Martin. The secretaries' names are all given there, but I have
not their addresses.
Mr. Page. Can you get them, Mr. Martin?
Mr. Martin. I do not believe that I can, Mr. Page. The names
of those companies are given in the reports that have been made by
the Secretary of War. The three companies have the same agent.
Each company got nearly the maximum amount of public land
allotted by law, and their lands are contiguous, as well as contiguous
to the San Jose estate.
The Chairman. Who is the agent?
Mr. Martin. Mr. E. L. Poole is the agent. He is the manager of
those companies and of the Mindora Co., according to the reports.
(Thereupon, at 12 o'clock noon, after discussion, the committee
adjourned until Tuesday, December 13, 1910, at 10 o'clock a. m.)
SALE OF FRIAR LANDS IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
House of Representatives,
CoMMiTiis ON Insular Affairs,
Tuesday^ December 13^ 1910.
The committee met at 10.30 o'clock a. m., Hon. Marlin E. Olmsted
( chairman ) presiding.
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman) , Crmnpacker, Hamilton, Hubbard of Iowa, Gra-
ham of Pennslyvania, Parsons, Davis, Madison, Fowler, Douglas,
Page, Garrett, Denver, Fornes, and Rucker of Colorado.
The Chairman. Mr. Martin, have you something further?
Mr. Martin of Colorado. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the
committee, in resj)onse to the question of the chairman, I will say
that I have considerable further matter to continue in the presenta-
tion of this morning.
The Chairman. You will bear in mind that what is called for is a
statement of the facts in your possession.
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; and I am endeavoring to present that state-
ment, which consists in large part of record matter that I shall intro-
duce as I proceed and refer to.
The Chairman. We do not care to hear an argument of the case
at this time. That will come after we get the facts before the com-
mittee.
Mr. Martin. I do not intend to argue, Mr. Chairman, but it ap-
pears to me that if I introduce a document or a matter of record that
contains any feature to which I think I ought to call your attention
I ought to be permitted to do that.
The Chairman. That is what we wish.
Mr. Martin. Not to enter into argument on it, but to call attention
to the specific features; otherwise, I might just as well hand these
documents in to the clerk and let him print them and not take up
the time of the committee in making any statement at all.
The Chairman. Would not that be just as well?
Mr. Martin. And let the other gentlemen hand in what they have
in the same way.
The Chairman. You are not a witness on the stand, and we will
ask you to submit to us such facts as you have in your possession
and name such witnesses as you think ought to be called,
Mr. Martin. Let me make myself clear by an illustration.
Mr. Hamilton. Has your statement at the last meeting been
printed ?
Mr. Martin. It has been printed, but the printed document is not
here yet. It has not come over from the Printing Office yet.
For instance, among the documents introduced at the last hearing
were certain sections from the Philippines land act.
Mr. Douglas. Pardon me just a moment
Mr. Martin (interposing). Just a moment, please.
Mr. Douglas. Pardon me, but I do not understand that you intro-
duced any document at the last meeting, or that you were asked to do
33
34 ADMTNTSTRATrOH OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
SO. If you would indicate to the committee, as anyone does, as to
what documents you want, and call the attention of the committee to
them, we would examine them, and when the time comes for argu-
ment upon them you would be heard ; but I understood the matters you
were asked to present were merely in the form of a brief statement of
facts, with the witnesses by whom you expect to prove the facts, per-
mitting the committee to proceed with the hearing in their own way.
I do not understand you introduced any documents.
Mr. Martin. My understanding was that the securing of the vari-
ous documents and parts of records to which I referred was left to
me, and I want to say to the gentleman from Ohio that, with the
limited time at my command and to the best of my ability, I not
only submitted those documents and had them printed in the proper
places referred to, but I have continued that policy and have prac-
tically everything present before .me this morning that I consider
essential to a presentation of the main case.
To continue the statement I started on, I had introduced a copy
of the section of the Philippines public-land act, in chapter 2, apply-
ing the limitations of the organic law to the public lands, the section
of the friar-land act applying the limitations in that chapter to the
friar lands, and the two acts passed by the Philippine Assembly
which are alleged to have amended the friar-land act so as to abolish
the limitations.
I thought it would be proper, for instance, for me — and I can pro--
ceed rapidly and not take up a great deal of time if I am not unduly
interrupted — to call attention to the fact that the Attorney General
of the United States, in the rendition of his opinion, did not refer to
these amendatory acts.
The Chairman. Just a moment. We are not here this morning
to hear argument on the Philippine land laws nor the opinion of the
Attorney General. Those are questions which will come up later.
In the first place, the committee wants to get the facts. The appli-
cation of the law to them will be a matter for later consideration.
We understand your proposition very clearly on that — that the Phil-
ippine Government act does not permit the sale of friar lands in
excess of 16 hectares to an individual or 1,024 hectares to a corpora-
tion. That we understand, and there is a difference of opinion on
that. We do not want to hear arguments on that this morning. We
want to get at the facts. /
Mr. Martin. But if those gentlemen or officials who appear here/
or are to appear upon the other side of this question are to be intel-/
ligently examined, I do not understand how the committee can do
that unless they first understand the position of the person who
makes the charge that the sales were unlawful. In other words, if J.
just merely hand this stuff into the record now, it is up to the mem-
bers of the committee whether they want to read it or not, and I
do not see what you can do with these other gentlemen but to have
them just hand their stuff in and let the hearing as to the evidence
terminate right there.
The Chairman. You are not a witness, Mr. Martin, at this timJB.
You may be later, if you desire to be or if the committee desires it.
At present we have only asked you to submit such facts as are m
your possession, not to argue as to the law. [
ADMIKISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPTI^E LAKDS. 35
Mr. Martin. Just before the adjournment at the last session. Mr.
Hamilton, the gentleman from Michigan, asked me in what manner
the Philippine people had expressed opposition to this policy.
The Chairman. We do not care about that.
Mr. Martin. For the sale of friar lands
The Chairman. I do not think we want to go into that.
Mr. Crumpacker. It is absolutely immaterial to this hearing.
Mr. Martin. I shall make my offers, and I leave it to this com-
mittee to rule as they deem wise.
In answer to Mr. Hamilton's question I tender certain instru-
ments
Mr. Hamilton. I think I asked how far a certain sentiment had
expressed itself in the law.
Mr. Martin. That was the substance of it. In answer to that
question and as disclosing the attitude of the Philippine people in
this matter, I offer a letter from the Hon. Manuel L. Quezon, Eesi-
dent Commissioner for the Philippine Islands, to the Secretary of
War, Manila, dated Manila, September 1, 1910. I offer also the joint
memorial of the official leaders of the two political parties of the
Philippine Islands signed September 1, 1910.
I offer an editorial published in the Vanguard, Manila, under date
of February 25, 1910, entitled " New invasion of the Philippines,"
which was prior to the origin of this controversy; also an editorial
from El Tiempo, published in Iloilo, Panay, Philippine Islands.
Mr. Crumpacker. I want to interpose an objection to these records
on the ground that they can have no possible bearing upon the ques-
tions under consideration. It occurs to me that you can not over-
throw a law by newspaper editorials nor by memorials of popular
gatherings or by expressions of opinion on the part of citizens. It
seems to me the only bearing that can have is on the authority of
the Government to make these sales. It is a question of law, in the
first place, and a mere expression of popular sentiment or opinion
one way or the other, and it seems to me is altogether collateral. It
encumbers the record and confuses the issues, and I do not think it
ought to come in here at all.
Mr. Martin. Before the ruling is made, however, I would like to
have the privilege of completing the tender.
Mr. Crumpacker. I thought you were through. •
Mr. Martin. I tender now resolutions of protest unanimously
adopted by the municipal presidents of all the municipalities in the
Province of Cavite, and dated on the 23d day of July, 1910.
I also tender resolutions adopted on May 30, 1910, by the mu-
nicipal house or council of Dumanhug, Island of Cebu; also resolu-
tions adopted at a mass meeting of the people of Tuburan Province,
Island of Cebu, on July 18, 1910; also resolutions adopted at a mass
convention of the people of the municipality of Sagay, Negros Occi-
dental, on June 18, 1910; also resolutions of the municipal govern-
ment of Sagay, Negros Occidental, July 5, 1910; also resolution of
the provincial government of Ambos Camarines, Nueva Caceres.
Now, Mr. Chairman, that question to which I have referred as
indicating the attitude of the Philippine
^^ The Chairman (interposing). The question of Mr. Hamilton was,
Has this policy ever taken the form of law ? "
Mr. Martin. Where is that?
36 ADMTNISTBATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. Page 18, about the middle of the page.
Mr. Garrett. He is referring to the question on page 28, I think :
" How did the Philippine people manifest their protest ? "
Mr. Martin. Yes ; " How did the Philippine people manifest their
protest? "
In answer to that question, and as indicating the attitude of the
Philippine people, I have tendered the documents enumerated to be
inserted in the record.
Mr. Crumpacker. I tender a formal objection now. I suppose that
matter can be determined by the committee when we come to it
later on, but I offer a formal objection to their going into the record,
because they have absolutely no bearing upon any question of fact
involved in this investigation. Whether the people protested or did
not protest, so far as this investigation goes, is a matter of immate-
riality altogether.
The Chairman. Mr. Martin, the papers you mention you have
there, have you?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Leave them with the clerk of the committee, and
the committee will at the proper time in executive session determine
whether o't not they will put them in the record or what considera-
tion will be given to them.
Mr. Madison. This is not the place to offer proof. This is merely
a statement of fact we want, and unquestionably these could not go
into the record as proof in the statement of facts. That is an un-
heard-of proposition. If hiter this material appears pertinent to
some issue, then we ought to consider it, but certainly we can not
now permit it to go into the record in the midst of a statement of
facts, not even in reply to an inquiry by a member of the committee.
The gentlemen should state that the facts were so and so, but not
offer any documentary proof at this time.
The Chairman. The suggestion of the Chair was that we take the
papers and consider afterwards whether we put them in the record.
Mr. Madison. If they become material or pertinent to some issue,
they can be admitted later.
Mr. Martin. I have already put in all the documents alluded to at
the other meeting, and have put them in at the places at which I
referred to them.
Mr. Madison. That might be so, but at the same time that would
not make it right. As a matter of fact, what we want now is a
statement of facts, not the proof in support of any issue.
Mr. Martin is a good lawyer, and he understands that, but this is
not the place for the purpose of offering the proof,
Mr. Martin. I have prepared this matter
Mr. Madison (interposing). Go ahead and state your facts.
Mr. Martin (continuing). Along that line, however, of furnish-
ing these records and documents wherever they are referred to, just
as I did at the first hearing. I think that would simplify the thing.
The Chairman. The committee has passed upon this matter, and,
of course, the committee will have to have some voice in the inves-
tigation.
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir. I can proceed with the statement and see
what documents I propose to refer to.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 37
Mr. Madison. That is right; just what you claim the facts are.
and what, if the committee . investigates the matter, the facts will
develop to be, and you can set out the documents that you think will
prove your statements, and then we can go through them, or you can
produce them for us. My suggestion is merely that they be not
offered now as a part of the proof, because this is not the place for
proof.
Mr, Martin. At the hearing the other day I inserted in the record
and referred to, and have now in the record, certain matters estab-
lishing what I call the colonial land policy of the United States. In
addition to what was then offered, and is now a part of the printed
hearings, I refer the committee to Senate bill 7401, and particu-
larly to sections 13, 14, and 15 of that bill, sent by the Secretary of
War to Senator Lodge, and introduced in the Senate on March 25,
1910; to the letter accompanying said bill from the Secretary of
War, dated March 22, 1910, now House Document No. 454: to the re-
port of the Senate Committee on the Philippines on March 29, 1910,
docket No. 458; to the action of the committee on said report; to
Senate bill 7401 as it passed the Senate on June 2 or 3, 1910, and
came to the House of Kepresentatives and to this Committee on
Insular Affairs on June 3 or 4, 1910.
The committee does not care to hear anything about what that
bill contains or the letter
Mr. Douglas (interposing). We can read it ourselves about as well
as anybody else can. It seems to me it is not very essential for you
to state what it contains.
The Chairman. We have already read it, considered, and reported
it to the house. You can put it in in connection with this hearing
if you wish.
Mr. Martin. I next want to call the committee's attention to the
time and circumstances under wliich the first sale of the friar lands
in bulk was made; to the fact that negotiations for the purchase of
this estate
Mr. RucKER of Colorado. Which estate?
Mr. Martin. The San Jose estate, in the Island of Mindoro, con-
sisting of 55,000 acres.
Negotations began in the Bureau of Insular Affairs for the pur-
chase of this estate on September 3, 1909, which was just four weeks
after the passage and signing of the Philippine tariff act providing
for free trade between the United States and the Philippine Islands
in sugar to the extent of 300,000 tons per annum, and cigars to the
extent of 150,00,000 cigars per annum, this bill having become a law
on the 5th of August, 1909 ; this estate having then been in the pos-
session of the Philippine government, as w^ell as all of these other
friar estates, which are 23 in number, for a period of 5| years.
I next wish to refer to the purchasers, and call the attention of
the committee to the purchasers of this estate, and the various repre-
sentations made to Congress by the Bureau of Insular Affairs as to
who those purchasers were, and the manner in which it was finally
elicited who they were.
Gen. Edwards, in his letter to the chairman of this committee,
dated January 28, 1910, stated that his first knowledge of this sale
was through cablegrams or public press dispatches. One of these
38 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
dispatches appeared in a Chicago paper of December 7, stating that
the sale had been made to E. L. Poole^ as agent of the Havemeyers.
The other, I believe, appeared in the Washington Star on the even-
ing of November 22, stating the sale had been made to the Sugar
Trust.
Gen. Edwards, in this letter of January 28 to Mr. Olmsted, this
letter appearing at page 3888 of the Congressional Record of March
28, I think — however, I can verify that.
Mr. Page. 1910?
Mr. Martin. Yes. This letter makes the statement that the sale
of this estate was to an individual.
Gen. Edwards' letter of March 24, 1910, to Mr. Olmsted appears
in the same record at the same page, and makes the statement that
this sale was to an individual.
Gov. Forbes of the Philippine Islands, in his report to the Sec-
retary of War, August 13, 1910, makes the statement or refers to this
sale repeatedly as having been made to an individual.
Secretary of the Interior Worcester, of the Philippine Islands,
in his report to the governor general of the Philippine Islands, at page
53 — this report is before you in the form of a sort of joint report
entitled " The Friar Land Inquiry, Philippine Government " — makes
the statement or refers to that sale as having been made to an indi-
vidual; also makes the statement, on page 58, that if the sale had
been mades to a corporation it would be subject to the severest
criticism.
Before passing to the statements as to what the evidence will show
as to the real parties, I wish to call the attention of the committee to
the law, the organic law of the Philippine Islands, which jforbids
the sale to not only individuals and corporations but to associations
of persons.
The evidence will next show, and it was brought before this com-
mittee by questions asked by the
^ Mr. Douglas (interposing). The language of the law is "corpora-
tions or associations.'' There is no such language in the law, as I
recall it, as " associations of persons." I may be mistaken, but I am
positive it is "corporations or associations" as distinguished from
mdividuals, regardless of whom they represent. That is purely a
question of law. I do not see why the committee should take up its
time with that.
The Chairman. "Any corporation or association of persons," it
says.
Mr. Martin. I took j)articular pains to note that language, but I
want to refer to it in view of the statement of the gentleman from
Ohio.
Mr. FoRNES. Are you satisfied that the organic laws include the
friar lands?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; I am. I am perfectly satisfied that the limi-
tations upon sale in the organic law of the Philippine Islands are
applicable to friar lands.
Mr. Douglas. I suppose you will admit that, if it does not as a mat-
ter of law apply to the friar lands your whole contention falls to
the ground?
Mr. FoRNES. That is a question I had in mind,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 39
Mr. Martin. I am not going to make any such admission, and I
think that I will be amply able to show that if it does not specifically
apply, which I claim that it does, that these sales would nevertheless
be known to be at variance with the policy of this Government, and
therefore as properly subject to rescission as though the letter of the
law applied.
Mr. Fornes. Would not that question properly belong for decision
to the Attorney General?
Mr. Martin. I will say, in answer to the question of the gentleman,
that I am going to leave that matter for this committee to decide. I
am going to make the best showing I can along the lines I have indi-
cated, and then the committee shall say what it will decide and what
it will leave for somebody else to decide.
I was about to say that the evidence will show, as brought out by
the questions of the gentleman from Tennessee, Mr. Garrett, to the
officers of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, Gen. Edwards, and Maj.
(now Col.) Mclntyre, that instead of this sale having been made to
an individual, it was made to three persons — Horace Haveme3^er,
who, I believe then was a director and stockholder of the Sugar
Trust, against whom the Government of the United States and the
Department of Justice were seeking criminal indictment for the
customs-house frauds perpetrated by that company in New York;
Mr. Charles H. Senff, who was former vice president of the American
Sugar Refining Co.. known as the Sugar Trust, and for a great many
years its vice president, and a lifelong associate of the elder Have-
meyer.
Mr Eucker of Colorado. What is his name?
Mr. Martin. Charles H. Senff, also Charles J. Welch, who is or
has been an associate of the Ilavemeyers in the sugar business.
I will show further on that point that this sale was commonly
referred to as the Poole syndicate ; that it was known that Mr. Poole
was nothing but an agent, only the nominal holder of the title to
this property, and all of the purchase price of it was supplied by
the three men whom I have named, so far as the evidence now dis-
closes, which fact was known, as the evidence will show, to the
Bureau of Insular Affairs, and, I think, to all parties concerned.
Mr. RucKER of Colorado. The secretary of the interior, Mr.
Worcester, included?
Mr. Martin. I would not say Mr. Worcester knew the names of
these individuals. I will say this, though, that the evidence will
show that these gentlemen over there had reason to know that Prentiss
aud Poole, who went over there to buy this estate, were acting in the
capacity of agents.
That they had in that department a letter of introduction from a
lawyer in New Jersey, whose name I have furnished to be subpoenaed
as a witness — a letter of introduction, from which letter it appears
that this lawyer, J. Montgomery Strong, had already been to the
Philippines on this same mission and had returned to the United
States, and gave this letter of introduction to some official of the
Philippine government, notifying them that these gentlemen repre-
sented the same interests that he did.
The agreement entered into will show that the sale of this estate
was to be made to Mr. Poole or his nominees. I have called attention
to that fact, and do now, as having put the Philippine government
40 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
and all parties officially concerned on their notice that this was a
sale to more than an individual, and that Poole was only an agent
for some undisclosed principals.
Mr. Madison. Without asking for any discussion on the matter at
all, right at this point I would like to ask you what your construction
is on the term " association of persons? "
Mr. Martin. It does not mean an incorporated body.
Mr. Madison. May I ask right there, would it include a partner-
ship?
Mr. Martin. I think the only answer I will make at this time is
that it would include an unincorporated association of individuals.
Mr. Madison. Would it include
Mr. Martin (interposing). As a matter of fact
Mr. Madison (interposing). Just a moment. I am merely asking
for the purpose of getting your position. Would it include a number
of persons who bought the piece of land together and who became,
after the purchase, tenants in common?
Mr. Martin. I am inclined to think that it would include such an
association, but I will say this, that if the law contemplated anything
like a legal organization of a corporate nature, it should have left out
the words " of persons." If the law just read " corporations or asso-
ciations," then I think it would be quite fair to assume that those two
terms were used interchangeably; but in view of the fact that the
language of the statute is " association of persons," then I think it is
intended to embrace any sort of syndicate or combination of people
who would go together to procure these lands.
The Chairman. Let me interrupt and ask a further question.
Section 75 provides that no corporation can own any of the lands —
that is, that no corporation authorized to engage in agriculture may
own or control more than 1,024 hectares. I merely wish to ask
whether you claim any of these friar lands were sold to corporations?
Mr. Martin. I will pass right on to that.
Passing on from the showing as to who really got this land, in con-
nection w^ith the representations which were repeatedly made prior
to this disclosure in that connection
Mr. Madison (interposing). May I ask one question along the line
I was asking? I do not want to interrupt unduly, but I want to get
a clear idea of Mr. Martin's position.
You say that phrase " of persons " is a qualifying term and gives
to the word " association " a different meaning than what it would
have if that phrase were omitted. Inasmuch as all associations must
be of persons, why does the phrase " of persons " give the word " as-
sociation " any different meaning than it would have if the phrase
" of persons " were omitted ?
Mr. Martin. I suppose the gentleman well knows that in the text-
books, statutes, and so forth, where " association " is used inter-
changeably with " corporation," it is defined as simply " association,"
so that it occurred to me that the object of the lawmakers in using the
term " association of persons " was to prevent any evasion whatever.
It was to make it perfectly plain that neither an individual nor a
corporation — all other forms, as the gentlemen know, of association
are more or less hazy, and " association " is a very general term — ^but
neither by the individual nor by the other general and well-known
form of operation in modern industry and commerce, " a corpora-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 41
tion," nor by some other arrangement or cooperation aside from indi-
viduals and corporations, shall these lands be acquired in excess of
certain quantities. In other words, it looked to me that the legisla-
ture— that is, the Congress in this case — had taken particular care to
embrace all of the different methods by which the people might oper-
ate together to secure more of this land than the limitations fixed in
the law permitted, or monopolize land; monopoly was what was
aimed at.
Mr. Douglas. But certainly as long as they operate together as in-
dividuals they do not bring themselves within the inhibition. It
does not say they must sell it to a single individual, but it says to
" individuals." In other words, they can sell without reference to
the limitations as to " corporations or associations of persons " to
individuals, one, two, three, four, or five, as long as they treat as
individuals, without any inhibition whatever. It must be so. It
says " individuals."
Mr. Martin. The gentleman has been rather careful to keep me off
of the legal question. I shall have to stand on the rule.
Mr. Douglas. We have had nothing this morning but legal ques-
tions.
Mr. Martin. I shall pass on now to the Mindoro Development
Co., the evidence with reference to which, I believe, will show
that this company has to all practical intents and purposes, with the
knowledge and consent of the officials of the Philippine Government,
acquired this estate.
The evidence will show that on December 8, 1909, which was 10
days before Attorney General Wickersham rendered his opinion hold-
ing these lands to be exempt from the limitation of the organic law,
there was organized, under the laws of New Jersey, a corporation
known as the Mindoro Development Co. It was capitalized for
$100,000. I am informed that the capitalization was, about 30
days later, increased to $1,000,000. I shall offer its charter whenever
the committee wishes that it shall be offered. I had intended doing
that among all these other things this morning. Our plan has been
changed with reference to the introduction of evidence, or, rather, my
ideas have been changed.
The articles of incorporation will show that this company is au-
thorized to do about everything on earth except acquire a right of
way through the State of New Jersey and grant absolution. The
articles of this company and the powers granted to it are such as to
show it to be a criminal conspiracy under the laws of this country,
which would not be permitted to do business in this country and
should not be permitted to do business anywhere under the American
Mr. Madison. Where was it chartered?
Mr. Martin. Chartered in New Jersey.
The powers of the company are so broad, I will say, as will be
shown by the articles, that it is authorized to buy and vote the stock
of all other corporations and engage in every kind of business there
could possibly be carried on in the Philippine Islands, even to run-
r^ing schools and places of amusement, and all that sort of thing.
Mr. RucKER. And building bathhouses !
Mr. Martin. It would be a good deal easier to enumerate what it
can not do than what it can do.
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 7
42 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The evidence will show that this company is chartered to carry on
business in the Philippine Islands.
The evidence will show that that fact was brought out before this
committee in a rather indefinite, unsatisfactory way, the same as most
of these facts were brought out.
The evidence will show that the agent and manager of this corpo-
ration is Mr. E. L. Poole, the man who acted as agejit of the men I
have mentioned — Havemeyer, Welch, and Senff — in the purchase of
the San Jose estate, and it is reported that this company immediately
proceeded to order a half a million dollar sugar plant to be con-
structed at the Honolulu Iron Works for installation on the San Jose
estate.
I take it from evidence of this character that there can be no doubt
that to all practical intents and purposes the Mindoro Development
Co., a corporation, is the real owner of the San Jose estate; that Mr.
Poole holds the nominal title for the corporation, which, I think the
facts can be brought out to show, will be shown to be owned or con-
trolled by the people who bought the land, and the officials of the
Philippine Government must have known this, so that it appears
upon the face of it
Mr. Douglas (interposing). What is the evidence by which you
expect to prove that last assertion?
Mr. Martin. What last assertion?
Mr. Douglas. Taking it for granted that it will be proved the
Mindoro Development Co. was the real party in interest, what
evidence do you expect to produce to show the officials of the Philip-
pine Government knew they were in fact selling to the Mindoro
Development Co. ? I mean facts, not inferences, if you pleace.
Mr. Martin. This is one fact: Mr. Poole bought this estate as
agent. Mr. Poole was also the agent of the Mindoro Development
Co. and the general manager of that company; not merely agent,
but general manager of that company. He was there in Manila
procuring materials and supplies to establish a sugar plantation on
this estate. He was there for a period of months. His activities
in carrying on all the work he did there in behalf of these people, in
the purchasing of this estate and in establishing the sugar planta-
tion and getting the railway surveys and getting the material and
sending out to build labor quarters and all the work necessary to
start up a 55,000-acre sugar plantation — his activities in this con-
nection must have been very obvious and altogether of a character to
put the officials of the Philippine Government upon their inquiry.
Mr. Douglas. As to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir.
Mr. EucKER. I think you will find on page 59 of his report that
Mr. Worcester admits that Mr. Poole told him that he was the
agent of this company, and he proposed to sell to this company just
sufficient land to do this building.
Mr. Douglas. I saw that. Certainly, he did not expect him to sell
this property to the Mindoro Development Co., because that is
against the law of the Philippines.
The Chairman. Go ahead, Mr. Martin.
Mr. Martin. I would not like to put the officials in the attitude
of conniving with the purchasers of this estate and the owners of this
ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 43
•
company to evade the law, but the law certainly has been evaded.
It would, at least, indicate a marked degree of official negligence.
The Chairman. That is a question for this committee to decide,
whether the law has been evaded or not.
Mr. Martin. I do not think there can be any doubt left in the
minds of the committee after they go into this matter that the Gov-
ernment officials over there knew, to all practical intents and pur-
poses, that for every purpose except the mere purpose of holding the
nominal title by an agent the corporation was getting this land and
was going to operate it as a sugar estate.
I say, now, unqualifiedly and unhesitatingly, that the evidence in
this case satisfies my mind, and I so state to this committee, that the
holding of that nominal title by Mr. Poole was the merest subterfuge
to effect an evasion of the law, and, as far as all the evidence goes to
show, the corporation got the estate.
I have asked all these people to be brought before this committee
who are connected with this company, for the purpose of finding out
the facts. That is all I want to do. If I have any information in my
power to help the committee ascertain the facts, I want to give it to
them. I can not help recognizing the fact, if these witnesses are
procured, they will all be hostile witnesses, but they are the only
men I know of within whose actual knowledge the facts reside.
Eight in this connection the evidence will show that there were
three corporations organized under the laws of California, the names
of which I have given the committee and which now^ appear in the
record of these hearings, each of which companies has purchased
almost the maximum allowed by law, so that the aggregate of their
holdings is about 7,000 acres; that the holdings of these three Cali-
fornia agricultural corporations are contiguous to each other and to
the San Jose estate; and that Mr. E. L. Poole is also the manager
of those three corporations as well as the manager of the San Jose
estate. Between the four corporations, as the evidence Avill show,
they have a body of about 62,000 or 63,000 acres of land. The names
of the secretaries of those companies are in the record, and I have
asked to have them subpcenaed with a view to showing what I believe
to be the facts; that the same parties in interest own all three of
these corporations, and that they are virtually one. In other words,
they are paper corporations, organized for the purpose of evading
the law and getting control of larger tracts of land for the same in-
terests than the law permits, and I have asked to have all the names
disclosed in connection with these corporations entered upon the sub-
poenas and the persons brought before this committee in order that
it may ascertain the facts.
The Philippine government officials must have known, or at least
they were put upon their inquiry, as to the interests behind these
corporations, not only in view of the manner in which they acquired
their lands contiguous to each other and to the San Jose estate, but
the fact that all three of these corporations and the Mindoro Devel-
opment Co. had the same manager.
I will pass on now to the Calamba estate.
Mr. Douglas. You spoke of the charter of the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. as enabling it to do everything except to grant absolution.
I wish sometime you would point out to the committee what part of
44 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the charter, in your judgment, under any construction whatever,
would authorize it to carry on the business of agriculture in the Phil-
ippine Islands.
Mr. Martin. It would not permit it to hold title to the lands.
Mr. Douglas. Nor permit it to carry on the business of agriculture.
Mr. Martin. Outside of the nominal holding of the title
Mr. Douglas. It is permitted to hold title, but it is nowhere per-
mitted to engage in the business of agriculture, in my judgment.
Mr. Martin. It can invest in, hold, subscribe for, buy, sell
Mr. Douglas. I hope you will not undertake to read the whole
of that charter, but that you will take it at some other time in the
future and point out what* I inquired for.
The Chairman. We will have that charter in evidence.
charter of the mindoro development CO.
We, the underslgnecl, do hereby associate ourselves into a corporation nnder
and by virtue of the provisions of an act of the Legislature of the State of New
Jersey, entitled ''An act concerning corporations (revision of 189(3)," and the
acts supplementary thereto and amendatory thereof, for the purposes herein-
after set forth, and do hereby certify as follows :
First. The name of the corporation is the Mindoro Development Co.
Second. The location of the principal office of the corporation in the State of
New Jersey is No. 243 Washington Street, Jersey City, county of Hudson. The
name of the agent therein and in charge thereof, upon whom process against
the corporation may be served, is George S. Hobart.
Third. The objects for which the corporation is formed are:
To build, buy, own, hold, sell, lease, rent, equip, maintain, operate, and in
any manner acquire, use, and dispose of factories, refineries, distilleries, mills,
railroads, and tramroads, lines of steamships and sailing vessels, tugs, lighters,
piers, docks, dry docks, wharves, warehouses, irrigating ditches and canals,
electric and other plants (for lighting, heating, power, irrigating, refrigerating,
and other purposes), hotels, lodging houses, boarding houses, stores, hospitals,
schools, houses, tenements, barns, stables, and other buildings and structures of
all kinds, parks and places of public amusement, entertainment, and instruction,
and all materials, apparatus, tools, equipment, and appliances necessarv, suit-
able, or convenient for the construction, equipment, maintenance, or other use
thereof, and to own, hold, mortgage, and convey such real estate as may be
reason;ibly necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is
crea ted.
To manufacture, refine, own, hold, buy, sell, import and export, deal in,
and in any manner acquire and dispose of, sugar, sugar cane, molasses, coffee,
tobacco, lumber, woods, and agricultural products of all kinds; to buy. own,
hold, sell, lease, rent, deal in, acquire in any manner and dispose of machinery,
implements, merchandise, commodities, and personal property of all kinds.
To apply for, obtain, register, purchase, lease, or otherwise acquire and to
hold, use, own, operate, and introduce, and to sell, assign, or otherwise dispose
of, any trade-marks, trade names, patents, inventions, improvements, and proc-
ess(^s used in connection with or secured under letters patent of the United
States or elsewhere or otherwise, and to use, exercise, develop, grant, license in
respect of, or otherwise to turn to account any such trade-marks, patents,
licenses, processes, and the like, or any such properties or rights.
To borrow and to lend money and to issue obligations for money borrowed,
and to secure any of its obligations by mortgage or other lien on all or any of
its properties, real or personal; to invest in, hold, subscribe for, buy, sell, and
in any manner acquire and dispose of the stocks, bonds, and other obligations
of other corporations, and while owner of any such stocks, bonds, or other obli-
gations to exercise all the rights, powers, and privileges of ownership thereof,
including the right to vote; to enter into and carry out contracts of all kinds
pertaining to its business or to any of the purposes or powers aforesaid, and to
conduct any business incidental to or connected with any of the purposes and
powers aforesaid.
To conduct business and to exercise any or all of its corporate purposes and
powers, have one or more offices, and hold, purchase, mortgage, and convey
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
45
real or personal property, either within or without the State of New Jersey, in
any of the several States, Territories, possessions, and dependencies of the
United States of America, the District of Columbia, and in foreign countries.
Provided, however, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to give
power to transact within the Stnte of New Jersey the business of a railroad
company, a canal company, or other company which shall need to possess the
right of taking and condemning lands in said State.
Fourth. The amount of the total authorized capital stock of the corporation
is $100,000, divided into 1,000 shares of the par value of $100 each.
Fifth. The names and post-office addresses of the incorporators and the
number of shares of capital stock subscribed for by each, the aggregate of such
subscriptions being the amount of capital stock with which the corporation will
commence business, are as follows :
Name.
Post-ofFice address.
Number
of
shares.
Robert J. Bain .
Jersey City, N. J
25
Samuel S. Moore
Elizabeth, N.J
25
Charles E. Scribiier
Boonton, N. J
50
Sixth. The duration of the corporation shall be perpetual.
Seventh. The number of directors of the corporation shall be as fixed from
time to time by the by-laws. The directors shall have power to make and alter
by-laws, but any by-law made by the directors may be altered or repealed by
the stockholders at any annual or special meeting. The directors shall have
power from time to time to fix and determine and to vary the amount of work-
ing capital of the corporntion, and to direct and determine the use and disposi-
tion of the working capital. The directors shall have power to hold their
meetings, to have one or more offices, and to keep the books of the corporation,
except the stock and transfer books, outside of the State of New Jersey, at such
places as from time to time may be designated by the by-laws or by resolutions
of the directors.
Eighth. Any action which shall at any time require the consent of the holders
of two-thirds of the capital stock of the corporation at any meeting after notice
to them given, or require their consent in writing to be filed, may be taken upon
the consent of or the consent given and filed by the holders of two-thirds of
the capital stock represented at such meeting in person or by proxy.
In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 7th day of
December, 1909.
Signed and sealed in the presence of —
Charles B. Hughes.
[seal.] Robert J. Batn.
[seal.] Samuel S. Moore,
[seal.] Charles E. Scribner.
State of New Jersey,
Countp of Hudson, ss:
Be it remembered that on this 7th day of December, 1909, before me, the sub-
scriber, a master in chancery of New Jersey, duly authorized to act within the
county and State aforesaid, personally appeared Robert J. Bain, Samuel S.
Moore, and Charles E. Scribner, who I am satisfied are the persons named in
and who executed the foregoing certificate of incorporation, and I having made
known to them the contents thereof, they did each acknowledge that they
signed, sealed, and delivered the same as their voluntary act and deed for the
uses and purposes therein set forth.
Charles B. Hughes,
Master in Chancery of New Jersey,
Indorsed : Received in the Hudson County, N. J., clerk's ofiice, 7th December,
A. D. 1909, a:al recorded in Clerk Record No. , on page .
John Rotherham, Clerk,
Filed and recorded December 8, 1009.
S. D. Dickinson,
Secretary of State,
46 ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
State of New Jersey,
Department of State.
I, S. D. Dickinson, secretary of state of the State of New Jersey, do hereby
certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the certificate of incorporation ol
the Mindoro Development Company, and the indorsements thereon, as the same
is talvcn from and compared with the original filed in my oflice on the 8th day
of December, A. D. 1909, and now remaining on file and of record therein.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my official seal
at Trenton this 12th day of May, A. D. 1910.
[SEAL.] S. D. Dickinson,
Secretary of State.
Mr. Martin [reading]. "To invest in, hold, subscribe for, buy,
sell, and in any manner acquire and dispose of the stocks, bonds, and
other obligations of other corporations, and while owner of any such
stocks, bonds, or other obligations to exercise all the rights, powers,
and privileges of ownership thereof, including the right to vote."
There is not any room for a lawyer to question, I think, that that
corporation can go there and supersede the Philippine Government
in all but nominal effect.
Mr. Douglas. That may illustrate your way of looking at it, rather
than the actual facts.
The Chairman. Proceed, Mr. Martin.
Mr. Martin. As to the Calamba estate^ the evidence will show that
is one of the old estates in the Philippine Islands. It is about 30
miles from Manila. It is on a railroad. It is a rich estate and well
located, watered and so forth. It was the principal estate which
caused the trouble between the religious orders and the tenants in the
Philippines, and which had resulted in more or less trouble all along
from 1870 to 1896, at which time there was a revolution or insurrec-
tion against the Spanish Government there, which was directly trace-
able to, so I am informed, and grew out of the difficulty between the
tenants and the friars with reference to the Calamba estate.
Mr. FoRNES. How many acres were there in that estate ?
Mr. Martin. About 33,000.
In that insurrection, and as a result of it, Jose Eozelle, who was
said to have been the leading citizen of the Philippine Islands and
regarded by those people as sort of George Washington, was seized,
court-martialed, and shot to death by the Spanish arms.
This estate was the crux of negotiations after the war between the
United States and Spain, to take over these estates, from the religious
orders, for the purpose of distributing them among the tenants.
This estate was first reported sold to a man named A. F. Thayer,
and that matter is reported by the Secretary of War in one of the
numerous written responses sent in to resolutions of inquiry passed
by the House of Representatives, in which Mr. Thayer was referred
to as agent of Dillingham, showing that he, like Poole, was merely
an agent. The Dillinghams are the leading sugar people, I believe,
in the Hawaiian Islands. They are located at Honolulu and are an
annex of the Sugar Trust, or have been swallowed up by it in some
way.
It will further appear from the record that he got a part of the
Binan estate.
Mr. EucKER. You know Mr. Thayer is an ex-Coloradan; you want
to be kind of easy upon him. ^ [Laughter.]
The Chairman. Do you claim that Mr. Thayer purchased or leased
the entire Calamba c state ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 47
Mr. Martin. No, sir.
The Chairman. How much do you claim that he leased?
Mr. Martin. It was only reported by Mr. Dickinson, Secretary of
War, and this is one of the things I complained of all the time — the
manner in which this information was furnished, the piecemeal and
evasive and insufficient manner in which information was always
furnished about these matters. It was reported by the Secretary of
War, Mr. Dickinson, that there was simply an application filed by
Dillingham for 1,200 hectares, which would be about 3,000 acres; but
in this report of Mr. AVorcester's — we can refer to the matter right
now.
Mr. Crumpacker. It is on pages 75 and 76 of Worcester's report.
Mr. Martin. In this report of Mr. Worcester's, at page 73, it was
given as follows:
Mr. A. F. Thayer has leased 9,750 acres on the Calamba and Binan estates,
with the right to purchase. This land is in 188 i)a reels.
But it does not state there
Mr. Crumpacker (interposing). On page 76 Mr. Worcester states
that Mr. Thayer had only leased 8,218 acres of the Calamba estate,
and that every tenant had leased with the right to buy his holdings ;
and these w^ere unoccupied lands, leaving 18,000 acres yet in the
Calamba estate unoccupied, unleased, and unsold.
Mr. Martin. Wliat page is that on ?
Mr. Crumpacker. Pages 75 and 76.
Mr. Martin. Very well. That shows that while the Secretary of
War reported to Congress that there was one application pending
for 3,000 acres of the Calamba estate, as a matter of fact they had
leased to Mr. Thayer with the right to purchase — how many thousand
acres ?
Mr. Crumpacker. Eight thousand, two hundred and eighteen.
Mr. Martin. Eight in that connection, I will call attention to
what the showing is with reference to the Santa Rosa estate. This
report of Mr. Worcester's, on page 72, shows that a part of the Santa
Rosa estate was sold to one Harry Rosenberg for A. F. Thayer, who,
in making the purchase of the Calamba estate, was a purchaser for
somebody else.
Mr. Douglas. What is the evidence that Mr. Thayer, in making
his lease, leased for somebody else?
Mr. Martin. There is none in the lease.
Mr. Douglas. It says he is an American citizen, doing business in
hmds.
Mr. Martin. The Dillinghams are not mentioned in the lease,
but I will accept the Secretary of War's statement that the purchase
was for the Dillinghams.
Mr. Douglas. You think he makes that statement ?
Mr. Martin. The Secretary of War says that Thayer, as agent
for Dillingham, has filed an application to purchase 1,200 acres. The
Manila newspapers, which are friendly to the administration, par-
ticularly the Times, published front-page articles about the purchase
of this estate, referring to the real purchaser as Mr. Walter Dilling-
ham, multimillionaire sugar producer of Honolulu, as representing
the Dillingham interests, who were the real parties in interest in
securing that estate.
48 ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
So, as to that estate, the Philippine government was just as much
put upon inquiry and in the possession of knowledge as with refer-
ence to this San Jose estate, to show that these men were mere agents
for large foreign corporate interests.
The next is the Isabela estate. That contains about 50,000 acres.
The evidence in this case will show that Gen. Edwards, in his
letter to Congress, dated April 11, which appeared in the Congres-
sional Eecord of April 14, at page 4830, says that this estate had
been leased to W. H. Lawrence.
Mr. EucKER. How many acres was that ?
Mr. Martin. About 50,000 acres.
In the letter of the Secretary of War to the House of Eepresent-
atives, of date June 10, 1910, Senate Document 963, it was stated
that the Isabela estate had been sold to E. B. Bruce for Olson, of the
firm of W. E. Olson & Co.; Mr. Lowenstein, of the firm of Castle
Brothers, Wolf & Sons, and one or two other Americans in Manila
who are not named. We hope to find out the names of these gentle-
men in the course of this investigation.
In Mr. Worcester's report to Gov. Forbes, at page 72, he states he
is informed Mr. Bruce represents Mr. Lowenstein, Mr. W. H. Law-
rence, and Mr. Walter E. Olsen, without mentioning any other
Americans who may have been interested in this matter.
That transaction, it appears from the evidence, is on a par with
the others in so far as regards the sales to an individual.^ It has
the appearance more of being a sale to a combination of interests
than a sale to an individual.
Mr. Douglas. That is, you are referring to the lease when you
speak of sale?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Exhibit F of this report?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir.
Those leases are options to purchase. They are not mere naked
leases.
Mr. Douglas. They are leases with an option to purchase.
Mr. Martin. All those leases are sales at the option of the
purchasei*.
Mr. FoRNES. Does that option always carry the price with it ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; the sale price is designated, but you will
understand, as I said the other day, I am raising no question as to the
price for which the estate is sold.
Mr. Parsons. The price is fixed by law.
Mr. Martin. I am raising no question as to the price at which
these estates are sold.
Mr. FoRNES. Is that a minimum price or a maximum price?
Mr. Martin. That is a minimum price, I think, fixed by law.
The next estate is the Tala estate, which was leased with option to
purchase to Mr. Carpenter. I do not know Mr. Carpenter's exact
official title. He has been referred to as executive secretary of the
Philippine Government.^ It appears that it is a matter of detail; I
do not know just what his title is.
Mr. FoRNES. Are not the initials given of this Mr, Carpenter?
Mr. Martin. Mr. Frank W. Carpenter.
The evidence will show that this lease was made to Mr. Carpenter
on the 20th of April, 1908. Information about the sale of the lease
ADMIKISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 49
or disposition of these estates was first asked for in House resolution
No. 755, introduced April 5, 1910, and answered April 11, 1910, ap-
pearing in the Congressional Record of April 14, 1910, at page 48^4.
But this lease or sale to Mr. Carpenter was not mentioned, although
it had then been made two j^ears.
The evidence will show that all efforts to get this information
failed until, in response to a resolution introduced by Mr. Slayden,
of Texas, the director of public lands, Mr. Sleeper, transmitted to
the Secretary of War and he to Congress the report with reference
to the sales and leases of public and friar lands in the Philippine
Islands, in which this conveyance to Mr. Carpenter appeared. That
information came in the letter of the Secretary of War, dated June 10,
1910, House Document No. 963, at page 10.
I want to introduce in evidence and have this committee carefully
consider the character of lease made by the proper officials of the
Philippine Government to Mr. Carpenter. For this lease he was to
get 300 hectares the first year, 900 hectares the second year, and 1,500
hectares the third year, or a total of 2,700 hectares, something over
5,000 acres, the sole ownership of which he should now possess if he
carried out the terms of the agreement.
Mr. Parsons. Do you claim there was any concealment about that
matter in the Philippines ?
Mr. Martin. No, sir ; I do not. There does not appear to have been
any concealment in the Philippines about this lease to Mr. Carpenter
whatever. This lease will show that he was not only to buy all the
unoccupied tracts of land, but all which might thereafter be vacated
by the occupants. This lease will shoAV that the Philippine Govern-
ment agreed to reserve from lease or sale to any person or persons
other than said Carpenter all of the unoccupied lands of this estate.
It will show discriminatory favors in the matter of rentals to Mr.
Carpenter, whereby he was to pay only 6 cents an acre for this land
as against 20 cents an acre charged to the native tenants.
Mr. Parsons. Does it show that on its face, or where did you sret
that? ^ ^
Mr. Martin. It shows that on its face, and it shows, furthermore,
that he was only to pay 30 cents an acre upon cultivated lands in the
event that he produced a profit which netted him $4 an acre, without
any method of determining that fact or who would determine what
his profit was.
The Chairman. You have stated, I think, that the evidence will
show that the rentals to Mr. Carpenter were 6 cents an acre as against
20 cents to the native tenants. Was it for the same identical piece
of land?
Mr. Martin. It was for land in the Tala estate.
Mr. Douglas. But part of his was unoccupied land, and the tenants
secured cultivated land. Six cents an acre was for unoccupied land.
Mr. Crumpacker. He was required to cultivate so much a year,
and after he cultivated it, to pay 20 cents an acre, and when he took
vacant land he took it on absolutely the same terms as the tenants
paid.
Mr. Martin. I will show also that the tenants took some unoccu-
pied land of this estate, and they had the same trouble Mr. Carpenter
would have to reduce their land to a state of fertility and produc-
tiveness.
50 ADMTNISTBATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Did he ever reduce his land to a state of fertility ?
Mr. Martin. He did, as I understand it. It is stated here on page
105. of Mr. Worcester's report as a justification for the admitted dis-
crimination in favor of Mr. Carpenter — that is, the discriminaton is
not denied, but it is explained and justified by the statement that he is
required by his contract to cultivate the land. But, as I say, and as
I submit, these leases contain no provision of forfeiture, and this so-
called requirement was absolutely nonenforceable. The requirement
as to what Mr. Carpenter was to do with this land was not worth the
paper it was written upon. AVhat was uncultivated land, 10 or 12
acres, worth to a Filipino unless he reduced his land to a state of
cultivation
Mr. Parsons (interposing). What did the law provide in regard
to forfeiture?
Mr. Martin. I do not think that it had a requirement to cultivate.
The lease had a requirement of cultivation. It provided also for the
fact that grazing stock should be considered cultivation. It provided
that " grazing shall be deemed cultivation."
Mr. Parsons. What page is that?
Mr. RucKER. Is that lease published?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; that lease is in there on page 102. It is pro-
vided in paragraph 4 of the lease, on page 103, that " The grazing of
cattle shall be considered as cultivation." I say there is no provision
of forfeiture in this lease, and any requirement on Mr. Carpenter
to cultivate is nonenforceable; therefore he did get this land for 6
cents an acre, whereas the native tenants were required to pay 20
cents an acre.
Mr. Parsons. I asked whether the lease showed on its face the
native tenants were required to pay 20 cents.
Mr. Martin. It does not appear in this lease; no, sir. That ap-
pears elsewhere.
Mr. Parsons. Does that appear in regard to this very same land?
Mr. Martin. It was the unoccupied land that either he, under his
lease, or they would acquire. There are only 17^000 acres in this
estate.
Proceeding, as to what this lease will show, the second paragraph
of this lease contains the provision that if application should be
made by other parties to acquire any of this land — that means Fili-
pino tenants — the Government would notify Mr. Carpenter and
give him the first right to come in and lease the tracts for Avhich they
applied.
Mr. Douglas. Why do you say Filipino tenants? They by law
are given the first right.
Mr. Martin. They are not given the first right by this lease.
Mr. Douglas. This is only for unoccupied land.
Mr. Martin. This was to let Mr. Carpenter take it right from
under them.
Mr. CRUiNirACKER. This lease applies only to unoccupied lands.
Mr. Martin. And the lease provides that if application is made
by other parties than said party of the second part (Mr. Carpenter),
to lease or purchase any of said reserved lands of said estate, which
he was not then actually holding in lease, it would be incumbent upon
said party of the second part immediately to execute a lease or leases
covering said lands at rates applicable to the other tracts for which
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 51
leases have been executed, and if he fails then, after being notified
of these applications, to purchase by other parties, that he does not
want them, then they may purchase.
Mr. Crumpacker. Sure.
Mr. Martin. That operated, I say, directly to prevent the acqui-
sition of the lands on that estate by the Filipino tenant.
Mr. Crumpacker. There are no tenants on this land. This land
is leased to Carpenter, and this gives him the right to lease any or
all of the unoccupied land. He is to take so much of it a year until
he gets it all. In the progressive course of this lease, if somebody
else desires to lease land, then Mr. Carpenter must execute a lease
for that land at once, under the terms of his contract, or it goes to
somebody else. That contract covers the whole unoccupied estate.
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir ; and he is given the option, when a Filipino
goes and applies for a piece of that land, to execute a lease himself
and take the land from the Government and shut the Filipino out.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is a part of the contract; that lease covers
the whole of the unoccupied part of the estate.
Mr. Martin. And it is an unlawful part of this contract.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is another proposition.
Mr. Parsons. If he should lease that additional land, then, under
the terms of the lease, would he have to clear and cultivate that
additional land?
Mr. Martin. The lease says he would be required to, but I have
called the committee's attention to the fact there is no forfeiture in
that lease and that that provision is absolutely nonenforceable.
Mr. Douglas. It is enforceable if the man is responsible.
Mr. Crumpacker. It provides if it is not enforced, then the Gov-
ernment shall take the land and sell it to somebody else.
The Chairman. Do you know whether, as a matter of fact, he did
cultivate the land or reduce it to cultivation ?
Mr. Martin. That is something I do not know. But I will pro-
ceed now.
Paragraph 3 of the lease gave Mr. Carpenter the right to acquire
any occupied or leased lands which might in the future be abandoned
or vacated by the present occupants.
I want to call particular attention to section 5 of this lease, con-
taining the further agreement that —
If tlie Legislature of the Philippine Islands shall amend the friar-lands act by
making provisions for the sale of large tracts of the friar lands to persons not
actual and bona tide occupants as defined therein, upon the same terms and
conditions as those providing for the sale to actual and bona fide occupants,
that said party of the second part will buy, and said party of the tirst part will
sell, the lands covered by the terms of this agreement.
The evidence will show that within 60 days after the execution of
this agreement, providing that if the Philippine Legislature amended
the friar-lands act so as to permit nonresidents or nonoccupants to
acquire these lands on the same terms and conditions as residents and
occupants, the Philippine Legislature passed the first amendatory
act, which is relied upon by the officials of the Philippine Govern-
ment in justification of the sale of this land. They admit in these
letters that at the time this lease was executed, on April 20, 1908,
they had no authority to sell to Mr. Carpenter, but they put a pro-
vision in it that if the legislature authorized its sale, then they would
52 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
sell to him and he would buy, and then, on June 20, just 60 days
afterwards, the alleged amendatory act became a law, whereby they
clahned they had a right to make the sale to him.
Of course I take the position at all times in this investigation that
the Philippine Legislature and Philippine Commission, and no other
power on earth but Congress, could so modify the law.
Section 6 contains the provision that " the said party of the second
f)art shall keep trespassers from occupying any portion of said
ands." I would like to have it explained to this committee what
constitutes trespassers; whether it was Filipinos trying to occupy
and hold these lands against the wishes of the lessee. A most ex-
traordinary provision, that he should agree to keep his interests free
from trespassers. In this country that would be a matter between
the owner of the land and the trespassers and not between the Gov-
ernment and the owner of the land.
Mr. Crumpacker. He is the lessee, you must bear in mind. The
Government is still the owner under the lease. He must keep squat-
ters off of it ; from acquiring rights they had.
Mr. Martin. I am not ready to concede he should keep squatters
off of it. I think the squatters are the class of trespassers intended
by this provision in the lease, and my idea is we acquired those lands
for squatters, so they might go on them and take them. Of course
they were expected to pay for them, and these lands over there in the
first instance were nearly all acquired by the squatter method.
I would not mention all this, but there are some extraordinary
provisions I will mention.
The Chairman. We will have the whole lease in evidence.
Mr. Martin. It was agreed in this lease to endeavor to obtain for
the Tala estate adequate police protection. It was agreed in this lease
to secure all possible assistance from the Government for the con-
struction of highways and bridges on and to the lands of said estate.
In other words, the Philippine government in this lease agreed to
build wagon roads and bridges to and upon the private land of Mr.
Carpenter.
^ These are some of the things to which I have called your atten-
tion that appear on the face of this lease.
The evidence will show next and will show by the statement of
Mr. Worcester at page. 104 of this report that —
no sooner had Mr. Carpenter rented a part of the unoccupied lands of this
estate than numerous Filipino would-be tenants of such land sprang up. Mr.
Carpenter very kindly waived in their favor his right to rent all the unoccu-
pied land, and every applicant was allowed to acquire such amount of it as he
wished. In this way Mr. Carpenter gave up his right to rent 8,958 acres.
I wish right on that statement there to say there is presented to
this committee the square issue whether this estate was purchased to
be sold to an official of the Philippine government or to the Filipino
people to make homes upon. So far as I am concerned, I would be
willing to rest mj case against the disposition of the Tala estate upon
that single admission made by the Philippine secretary of the in-
terior. I say in the face of this admission that sale was absolutely
unnecessary and indefensible.
Mr. FoRNES. Let me ask there, in leasing or selling a portion of his
rights, did he sell them or lease them at the same figures he was
paying?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 53
Mr. Martin. If he were to sublease or sell?
Mr. FoRNES. Yes.
Mr. RucKER. The report shows he was to sell at the same rate
he paid.
Mr. Martin. Not at the same rate he paid, but at the rate pre-
vailing on the estate — not necessarily the rate to him, but the rate
prevailing on the estate.
Mr. Crumpacker. In relation to his waiving his right under his
lease to a certain 8,000 acres of land in favor of the Filipinos, he
waived his right under the lease, and the Filipinos made leases and
took possession of and occupied the 8,000 acres on the same terms that
Mr. Carpenter got his land. They were simply turned over to
them, and he made no profit on them. There was no margin or
bonus to him.
Mr. RucKER. That is what I understand.
Mr. Crumpacker. He made nothing, but simply turned them over.
When they wanted a piece of land he waived his right and they
took it.
Mr. Martin. At the rate applicable to other tracts, for which
leases have been executed, as provided in the first clause of this
agreement.
Mr. FoRNES. What page is that on ?
Mr. Martin. That is the provision that Mr. Carpenter would be
required, upon notice that there were intended lessors or purchasers,
to himself purchase at the rate applicable to other tracts for which
leases have been executed. That is in the second paragraph of the
agreement on page 102. I do not have in mind what the provision is.
Mr. Graham. If you will turn to page 105, you will see the state-
ment there that the Filipino lessees refused to accept the conditions
as to rental imposed on Mr. Carpenter, rightly believing Cat the rate
of 20 cents gold, per acre, without any obligation to cultivate, was
much more favorable than the rate given Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Martin. Maybe the Filipinos did not know Mr. Carpenter did
not have to cultivate under his lease. They may be under the mis-
taken impression there were obligations of this character imposed
upon Mr. Carpenter by his lease.
Mr. Madison. Do you take the position, as a legal proposition, if
there is no provision for forfeiture in the lease, that then the person
can with impunity violate the terms of the lease and there is no
remedy ?
Mr. Martin. No, I would not take that position, but I should think
a lease of this character, executed by one official of the Government
to another, ought to have had clearly defined forfeitures in it, not
only with reference to the matters expressed in here, but rental and
every other matter concerning which it was desired to make this con-
tract revocable by the act of the lessor. They might have gone into
court and enforced a forfeiture of this lease.
Mr. Madison. You have only 15 minutes more. I suggest none of
us, Mr. Chairman, interrupt Mr. Martin, and that he be given an
opportunity to go ahead.
The Chairman. The committee, I think, had better sit right on.
Mr. Madison. I suggest that none of us interrupt him.
The Chairman. I believe we had better sit beyond 12 o'clock, gen-
tlemen.
54 ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. I notice they use the language here — and I will call
the committee's attention to that while it is in my mind. They use
the language in this explanation on page 104 of Worcester's report :
" Numerous Filipino would-be tenants of such lands."
That expression is used elsewhere with reference to that. My un-
derstanding of a " would-be tenant " is a man who pretends he wants
something that he does not want. I believe that is the usual and
common acceptation of that term.
The Chairman. A " would-be tenant " would signify a tenant who
wanted to be a tenant if he could.
Mr. Martin. There have been various reports about what the Tala
estate contains. It is given in* this report in one place as containing
17,480 acres. Mr. Carpenter got 5,000 acres of it. It is then ad-
mitted that he relinquished his so-called rights to 8,958 acres more.
Mr. Worcester's report, at page 97, makes the statement that sales
began on this estate June 21, 1910. The first sale of a tract of land,
I take it from that showing, was made June 21, 1910, and it is showri
on page 94 of this report that from that day, June 21, 1910, until
July 1, 1910, a period of only 10 days, they*^sold 11,974.38 acres of
land of that estate. That is to say, after that estate had lain there
without a single sale for 5| years, within 10 days after June 21,
1910, they sold 11,954 acres, or approximately two-thirds of the
entire estate, suggesting the idea that if Mr. Carpenter would re-
linquish his 5,000 acres they might have gotten rid of that by
this time, and I think they would have done so. They were evi-
dently doing a sale business there. There were about 800 transac-
tions* involved, I believe, in the sale of this 12,000 acres, in round
numbers, of land. I believe there were something like 800 con-
veyances involved in that sale, so that the Land Bureau of the
Interior Department over there must have been pretty busy in
those 10 days to set out the vast number of conveyances involved in
the sale of so much land to so many purchasers.
I believe that is the end of my reference to that estate at this time,
except to say that while it is made to appear in Mr. Worcester's re-
port that this estate was a very poor proposition, very poor land, yet
the fact remains that this estate is now completely tenanted by owners
under the law, practically every acre of it. Twelve thousand acres
were sold in those 10 days, and Mr. Carpenter had 5,000, which would
make 17,000; but, be the actual figures as they may, the report shows
that this estate has been disposed of to purchasers, to Filipino tenants,
with the exception of that part of it which has gone to Mr. Carpenter.
The next thing to which I shall refer is the matter of agencies in
the negotiations involved in this matter, and I shall confine that to
the San Jose estate practically.
I have referred to some of the other agencies there, the men who
acted as agents for different purchasers and interests which were
getting hold of these estates.
I consider the question of agency of negotiation with reference to
the San Jose estate as a matter of some significance and importance
in this investigation.
It will be shown by the evidence that the statements emanating
from the Bureau of Insular Affairs about this matter, which were
in the possession of the gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. Olmsted,
dated January 28 and March 24, show the persons by whom these
ADMINISTRATTOISI OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 55
negotiations were carried on, the attorneys for the parties, and so
forth, not to have been mentioned, any more than the purchasers were
mentioned, except that there was a reference in these letters to the
attorney in one of them, the attorney for the proposed purchaser.
That Avas the letter of January 28. There was then a reference to
" the very able attorney of the investor," which appeared in the letter
of March 24, and upon whose opinion partially the validity of this
sale is based by the Bureau of Insular Affairs. I wish to say in this
connection that the " very able opinion of the attorney for the in-
vestors " has never been produced, although called for specifically.
It has^ never been produced by the Bureau of Insular Affairs, and
they did not seem to be able to say whether it was an oral or a written
opinion.
I think this committee ought to have " the very able opinion of the
attorney for the investor " for these purchasers to the effect that it
was a valid transaction.
However, the evidence will show that Gen. Edwards's letter of
April 11, 1910, which is the third letter in explanation of this sale,
and as the same appears in the Congressional Record of April 14,
page 4835, has a footnote in which mention is made of Mr. Hammond
as having appeared at the Bureau of Insular Affairs on September 3,
and further mention is made of the fact that Mr. Hammond's clients
were referred to him by a Mr. Johnson, of Pittsburg or Philadelphia.
The evidence will show that Mr. Hammond is a member of the firm
of Strong & Cadwallader, of New York City, of which firm PTenr}^ W.
Taft is now the principal member and of which firm Attorney Gen-
eral Wickersham was a member at the time of his elevation to the
Cabinet; while Mr. Johnson is attorney of record for the Standard
Oil Company in the dissolution suit now pending in the Supreme
Court of the United States, and was also attorney in certain litigation
to which I shall shortly refer.
Mr. Graham. He is from Philadelphia.
Mr. Martin. I meant that he was reported as from one of those
two places; but, as I understand, he is from Philadelphia.
The Chairman. Does the fact that a lawyer who may have ap-
peared here, tried this or that lawsuit, or is connected with this or
that law firm affect the law or the committee as it feels called upon
to construe the law?
Mr. Martin. I think that it is necessary to a full appreciation of
the situation that this committee have these facts. Of course, what
the committee may see fit to do with them I can not determine, but I
think they ought to have them.
Finally, the name of Mr. De Gersdorff, of the law firm of Cravath,
Henderson & De Gersdorff, of New York City, appeared at the final
consummation of the sale of the San Jose estate.
The evidence will show — and by evidence I mean the record which
they have made in this case, and I have attached the matter to which
I refer and will offer it when the committee wishes to hear from me —
that Mr. De Gersdorff never rendered any service.
^ Mr. De Gersdorff never rendered any service in these negotia-
tions, except that he brought to the Interior Department, on Novem-
ber 23, 1909, certain data or memoranda which had been secured by
Mr. Hammond's firm from the Bureau of Insular Affairs, and between
whom and the bureau a number of letters were exchanged with refer*
56 ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
ence to this matter, and that the bringing of this memoranda to the
Interior Department on November 23 was all the service that he
rendered in the sale of the San Jose estates.
I shall undertake to show, in the concluding portion of my presen-
tation, in dealing with the character of record which has been made
by the Bureau of Insular Affairs and its various explanations of this
matter, that at that time the transaction was consummated; so my
contention shall be that Mr. De Gersdorff, on the face of the record,
rendered no service and had nothing to do practically with this trans-
action, but that negotiations were begun and substantially carried on
by the firm in which they originated, which was the firm of Strong &
Cadwallader.
Mr. Paksons. The testimony of those two gentlemen, Mr. De Gers-
dorff and Mr. Hammond, will show the facts, will it not ?
Mr. Martin. I can only answer the gentleman by saying I will
have to depend on the showing of the^facts which they see fit to
make. All the witnesses I have subpoenaed are hostile witnesses.
Mr. Douglas. If their testimony disagrees with your theory, they
probably will not show the facts.
Mr. Martin. I will show the facts as the record has been made, and
that is as far as I am able to go under the circumstances.
Mr. Parsons. Do you intend to say now that reputable members
of the New York bar will not testify truly when they come before this
committee ?
Mr. Martin. No; I will not say that. I can, however, direct the
gentleman's attention to a recent investigation here in Washington
and the difficulties had in eliciting information from very reputable
gentlemen, just as reputable as any of the members of the New York
bar. I think every member of this committee is conversant, more
or less, with the matters to which I refer. I want the gentleman to
appreciate that, notwithstanding the tremendous influences and pow-
ers behind that investigation, the difficulties they had in securing the
facts ought to suggest to him the decided disadvantages under which
I am laboring in this direction.
Mr. Parsons. I have known Mr. De Gersdorff and Mr. Hammond
for 25 years, and I say they will testify truly before this committee.
^ Mr. Martin. With reference to the agencies by which this transac-
tion was carried on, I have already mentioned the law firm.
The evidence will show that at the time Mr. Wickersham was a
member of this law firm it was of counsel for the American Sugar
Kefining Company in the two largest pieces of litigation in which it
was ever engaged, to wit, suits aggregating damages in the sum of
$30,000,000 for the alleged wrecking of the Pennsylvania Sugar
Refining Company.
The evidence will also show that when this suggestion was first
thrown out against Mr. Wickersham, he sent a letter to Congress,
addressed to the Hon. William S. Bennet, of New York, which ap-
pears in the Congressional Record, in which he stated he had never
been attorney for the Sugar Trust, but that his partner had been in
one case some three years ago, not naming his partner, which, as I
will show, it developed wjjis Mr. Henry W. Taft, and a further de-
velopment that it was not three years ago, but that that litigation was
pending and unfinished at the time Mr. Wickersham went into the
President's Cabinet ; that up to that time the American Sugar Ke-
ADMTNISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 57
fining Company of the Sugar Trust had paid into that law firm the
sum of $27,000 in fees, of which Mr. Wickersham received his share
in the division of the firm fees at the time he went out of the office
and into the Cabinet of the President as Attorney General.
Among the defendants in that litigation, the evidence will show,
which Mr. Wickersham's firm represented, Horace Havemeyer was
a personal defendant. It Avas not only against the Sugar Trust, but
against directors, and Horace Havemeyer was named personally as
a defendant in these suits. This law firm was not only the attorney
for the company, but the attorney for the individual directors. Of
course they were all joined. This law firm and Mr. Johnson, of
Philadelphia,- Avere associated together in the defense of those cases,
and yet in the face of that fact the Bureau of Insular Affairs makes
a representation to Congress that the law firm of Mr. Taft and
Mr. Wickersham required a recommendation or an introduction from
Mr. Johnson to Horace Havemeyer, who was presumably somewhat
known to his own attorneys.
It was further stated in this letter of Gen. Edwards, dated April
11, appearing in the Congressional Record of April 14, and in a
letter from Mr. Hammond to the Bureau of Insular Affairs, that this
firm considered that discretionary action was involved in this matter,
which discretionary action raised the doubt in their minds as to the
propriety of that firm remaining in this transaction.
But in addition to those matters the evidence will show that on
June 27 there was printed in the Congressional Record, two days after
Congress adjourned, so this is posthumous record, a letter from Mr.
Henry W. Taft to William S. Bennet about this transaction and the
charges involving his firm, in which reference was made to the fact
that Mr. Hammond had asked him if there was any objection to
his appearing as attorney before the Government to purchase these
lands, and Mr. Taft replied that he saw no harm in it if it did not
involve securing from the Government any action resting in discre-
tion. The letter then goes on to say that some five letters were written
to the department by Mr. Hammond, in addition to his personal visit,
the securing of a large number of documents, which included the
laws bearing on the friar lands, and so forth, and then Mr. Taft
goes on to say : " That the time arrived when Mr. Hammond thought
we ought to retire from the matter, lest our connection with it would
be misconstrued."
In other w^ords, that is evidence going to show, in the minds of
this very able firm, a conviction, which resulted from a long, ex-
haustive, and thorough examination of the law and consultations
with the Insular Bureau, that discretion was involved in the sale of
this estate, Avherefore they ostensibly withdrew from the negotiations.
I still maintain, in the face of the record, they did not withdraw;
that they simply brought in Mr. De Gersdorft' as an agent in the
matter, gave him all the information which they possessed, and he
came over here and delivered that memoranda at a time when the
transaction was consummated.
I say, when the committee calls for me to present these letters and
other matters of record going to show that, so far as tlie face of the
record is«^ concerned — and I only have to work upon records fur-
nished me from time to time — that the facts are as I have stated
them. In other words, the evidence will show that these negotia-
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 3
58 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
tions were begun and carried on by the law firm of which Mr. Wick-
ersham was a member until he went into the Cabinet and of which
his brother is now the leading member, and were carried on with the
Bureau of Insular Affairs, with which branch of the Government
they were very well acquainted and had had former dealings, and
were carried on for, among others, a director of the Sugar Trust,
against whom the Department of Justice, of which Mr. Wickersham
is the head, and which was to render the final word as to the law in
this case, was then seeking to return criminal indictments.
I have referred to the character of the record made in this case.
By the way, if the committee will pardon me — I am not very well
supplied with secretaries and assistants, and I might overlook a
matter once in a while — I have now overlooked the matter of the
lease to Mr. Worcester.
Mr. Paksons. What Mr. Worcester?
Mr. Martin. Just a moment. I believe it is E. L. Worcester. He
is a nephew of the Philippine secretary of the interior, Mr. Dean C.
Worcester.
This was a lease of public lands. There seems to have been some
impression in the minds of some of the gentlemen that I made a state-
ment in one place which could be construed as meaning that he
had gotten friar lands. I am not just able to say how such an im-
pression could have been conveyed. It was not intended, as I under-
stood at all times and do now, that it was public lands.
This tract of land, as the recoixi shows, the lease of which had to be
approved by the Secretary, was leased for the maximum period
allowed under the law, which is 25 years, for the minimum rental
allowed under the law, which, I believe, is 20 cents an acre. If that
is not correct, I will correct it. It is 20 cents per acre, but I do not
know whether that is 20 cents in Philippine currency or American.
It is not denied that this land was leased to Mr. Worcester, any
more than a sale to Mr. Carpenter of the Tala estate is denied. The
mere fact of the disposition of the land in either case is not in issue.
I should like to see exhibited before this committee the lease to Mr.
Worcester. I should like to see it exhibited in comparison with
other leases of public lands in the Philippine Islands, so that the
committee may determine whether that lease contains such discrimi-
nations in favor of the lessee as the Carpenter instrument. It is not
in the report here, but those gentlemen probably have copies of all
documents and instruments with them and can furnish it to rhe
committee.
It is stated in their report, as I notice, that this was very poor land,
sterile and unproductive, wild and uncultivated, and all that sort of
thing — practically the same statements as were made with reference
to the Tala estate—putting this gentleman in the light of having
picked out as a public philanthropist very poor land upon which to
spend time and money.
I am informed— in fact, I get my information from the Philippine
Gazeteer, compiled by the Bureau of Insular Affairs — that this land
is located in a very fertile valley, close to a large river, a highway and
a telegraph line, running streams; that it is land good for the pro-
duction of sugar and a nun Ijer of other crops, and with reference to
that feature I could hardly impeach Mr. Worcester's business ability
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 59
and good judgment by charging that he would go away off down in
the country somewhere and pick out 2,500 acres of very poor land to
put in the next 25 years improving.
Mr. Parsons. What page of the Philippine Gazeteer does that
appear on?
Mr. Martin. That will be found in a description of the Province
of Nuava Ecija, page 703, Pronouncing Gazeteer of the Philippine
Islands, published by the Bureau of Insular Affairs in 1902.
I do not see how it can be contended that such a lease as that can be
construed as conserving the best interests of the lands in the Philip-
pine Islands. It was plainly taking advantage of the extreme letter
of the laAv to give the best possible terms to a lessee who was in very
close relation to the official whose assent was necessary to the execu-
tion of the lease.
Mr. Douglas. Is it not due to him to say he was very careful with
reference to the matter, and referred it to the Governor General him-
self, and it was made upon the recommendation of the Inspector of
Lands, Mr. Clute, which is found upon p^^ge 110 of their report, and
that the whole thing was done with exceeding care and regard for the
proprieties ?
Mr. Martin. The matter was referred, as well as the matter of the
Tala estate, and if you are going upon the theory that what one of
these gentlemen, who is at the head of the Philippine Government,
was permitted to do by the three or four others who were in the same
position, justifies it and makes it lawful
Mr. Douglas (interposing). I am not going on any theory except
this, that the fact that E. L. Worcester was a nephew of Dean C.
Worcester should not exclude him from making a public, open,
carefully considered lease of land in the country where he chooses
to reside. That is all.
Mr. Martin. If Mr. E. L. Worcester had been at the head of the
Department of the Interior of the United States he would not have
done that. That is all I have to say.
Mr. Parsons. How could he have avoided doing it? Would not
his nephew have a right under the public laws to lease this land?
Mr. Martin. It does not appear, so far as I can find, that they have
ever leased over 8,000 acres of this public land. That is all the report
shows that they have ever leased, about 8,000 acres. And yet 2,600
acres of that went to this person, and went under the conditions
that I have named, and I consider that transaction as at least not in
harmony with sound official ethics, as we understand them nowa-
days— certainly a practice that would be frowned upon in this coun-
try. I was afraid even to buy 20 acres of land under the proposed
Grand Valley high line ditch in the State of Colorado, because it
was suggested to me that, as a Member of Congress, I would have
to vote to buy an irrigating system at the expense of the Government
on that land, and would therefore be a beneficiary of my own action.
Mr. Douglas. Would you have considered it improper if your
nephew had done that?
Mr. Martin. If I was at the head of the Department of the In-
terior he would not lease it.
Mr. Douglas. How could you prevent it, if he complied with the
law?
60 ADMIlsriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. He would have to go into court to get an order of
court for me to enter into any agreement like that entered into in
this case.
Mr. Douglas. What could prevent Mr. Worcester's nephew, under
the law, from leasing this land?
Mr. Martin. There does not appear to have been anything to pre-
vent it in the Philippines, or anything else, in the way of disposing
of lands there that they see fit to take.
As I say, in connection w^ith that transaction we can determine
somewiiat further about it after we see the character of lease which
was made in that case and which is now not in evidence.
Does the committee wish to continue ? It is after 12 o'clock.
Mr. DouGi^s. About how long will it take you to finish?
Mr. Martin. I think I could finish in an hour, but I think I ought
to have an hour to finish in.
The Chairman. You have already consumed some four and one-
half hours. You were interrupted by members of the committee, of
course. We would like to get to the examination of witnesses.
Mr. Martin. There has not been actually consumed in hearing,
including conversation of the members, over three hours of time.
Mr. Douglas. I move that Mr. Martin be given one hour, and that
his statement close at the end of an hour.
Mr. Garrett. That should depend upon how much he is inter-
rupted. I am in favor of letting him make a complete statement.
Mr. Madison. Let us concede the hour and not interrupt him. He
has fixed *his own limitation.
The Chairman. Very well.
Mr. MAR^riN. I am not indulging in this as a pleasure, gentlemen,
not by any means. This is a case of necessity.
The last section of the presentation deals somewhat with the char-
acter of record made by officials of the Bureau of Insular Affairs,
and others, which will enable the committee to see the development
of this matter just as I have developed it.
I have heretofore characterized and now characterize this record
.as replete w4th admissions and with material contradictions and
misstatements. There have been three explanations of this matter
put into the Congressional Record, in addition to a vast number of
reports, and so forth — three letters of explanation by Gen. Edwards,
the dates of which have been given as January 28, March 24, and
April 11. The one of April 11 is an answer to a general resolution
of inquiry for all the information in the possession of the War De-
partment with reference to the friar lands and the sale, leasing, or
other disposition of them, besides some other information.
In his letter of January 28, Gen. Edwards made the statement that
the first information he or his bureau had of this sale was through
the public press dispatches. The first of those dispatches that came
to my attention appeared in the Chicago Tribune on December 7,
1909, dated Manila, December 6. I will introduce these dispatches in
evidence, if they are called for by the committee, or I shall request
permission to introduce them myself at the proper time.
This cablegram stated that E. L. Powell, of Habana, Cuba, had
closed a deal with the Philippine Government for the purchase of
the San Jose estate, and so forth.
ABMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 61
Mr. Parsons. When you said that the first of these dispatches
came " to my attention," were you quoting from Gen. Edwards's
letter ?
Mr. Martin. No ; my own attention was called to it then.
I believe he refers to another dispatch appearing in the Washing-
ton Star on the evening of November 22, 1909, which contained the
flat statement that the Sugar Trust had bought the San Jose estate.
That dispatch was called'^to Mr. De Gersdorff's attention when he
called the next day at the Bureau of Insular Affairs, November 23,
with the memorandum and other information furnished him by Mr.
Hammond, and Gen. Edwards attributes to him the remark that he
supposed that was his client — and it was his client who had bought
this estate.
To refute the statement that this was the first information the
Bureau of Insular Affairs had about this sale, I will show by the
records the call of Mr. Hammond at the Bureau of Insular Affairs
on the 3d of September preceding, to begin negotiations for the
purchase of this identical estate. I shall show a reference to it in
Maj. Mclntyre's letter to Mr. Hammond of September 4, 1909. I
shall show it by a letter from Gen. Edwards to Gov. Forbes on
September 27, 1910.
In connection with that letter of Gen. Edwards of September 27,
1909, I shall show that in his letter of April 11, 1910, he makes the
statement that the question of the friar lands, or the purchase of any
estate, was not discussed when Mr. Hammond called on September 3.
Yet a subsequent resolution of inquiry brought out the fact that on
September 27 preceding he had written to Gov. Forbes at Manila
that a representative of one of the best law firms of New York City
had called at the Bureau of Insular Affairs for the purpose of pur-
chasing the San Jose estate in Mindoro.
In addition to that the record contains a cable from Gov. Forbes,
on October 22, 1910, to the Secretary of War, stating that Prentiss
and Poole had called there for the purpose oi purchasing this San
Jose estate, and stating that they had been informed in the Bureau
of Insular Affairs that the estates were not for sale.
I shall also introduce Gen. Edwards's reply to that cablegram, stat-
ing that it was thoroughly understood here that unoccupied friar
lands might be sold to individuals without limitation as to area.
In this connection I will call your attention to the fact that in the
hearings we have had I set out in the record a mmiber of documents
going to show that the contention did exist in the Bureau of Insular
Affairs that the limitations applied to the lands, and the lands could
not be sold. So I introduce this cablegram now, among these other
documents to which I am referring, for the purpose of showing
knowledge on the part of the Bureau of Insular Affairs that this
transaction was in progress.
Mr. Garrett. What is the date of that?
Mr. Martin. October 22. Both of these last-mentioned cable-
grams are on page 4835 of the Congressional Eecord of April 14.
I understand the War Department has daily cables from Manila.
It has jurisdiction of that government and its affairs; all officials
must report to the War Department, which is within the specific
jurisdiction of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, and there is an abun-
dance of evidence in the record to show that Gen. Edwards had knowl-
62 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
edge of this transaction prior to the time any publication appeared in
the newspapers. Indeed, I may say that it would be a reflection upon
the War Department and its method of doing business to say that it
was at all dependent upon newspaper reports for information as to
what was going on within its jurisdiction. I have here the various
documents referred to as going to show this knowledge on the part
of the Bureau of Insular Affairs. I have already called your atten-
tion to the manner in which — to express it mildly — the Bureau of
Insular Affairs failed to give out information about who the pur-
chasers were, after the representations that it had been sold to an
individual, w^hich was carried on also to a certain extent with refer-
ence to the Mindoro Development Co.
The evidence will show that the fact about that company was
brought out by a member of this committee, Mr. Garrett, who asked
officials of the Bureau of Insular Affairs about this company at a
committee hearing on April 11 last. The evidence will show thej re-
plied they never heard of the Mindoro Development Co. until they
read my speech, whereupon they had cabled to Manila.
Mr. RiJCKER. You say " they "; to whom do you refer?
Mr. Martin. \ATiereupon Gen. Edwards cabled to Manila to ascer-
tain whether such a company had been organized and chartered to
do business in the Philippine Islands. The reply of the bureau
officials was that they had received an answer to their cablegram
indicating that the company had been organized and probably Avould
be authorized to do business in the Philippine Islands, whereupon,
by a specific resolution, I called for these cablegrams, which I shall
offer in evidence when called upon, showing that at the time they
made this statement indicating that this company had been organ-
ized, and probably Avould be authorized to do business in the Phil-
ippine Islands, they had a cablegram showing it had been actually
organized and authorized to do business in the Philippine Islands
and had had that cablegram for four days at the time this statement
was made to the committee.
Mr. EucKER. Who was it made that statement?
Mr. Martin. Col. Mclntyre made the statement, after another
reply from Gen. Edwards, in Gen. Edwards's presence.
Mr. Garrett. When did you say that was, April 11 ?
Mr. EucKER. The 11th.
Mr. Martin. April 11. The proceedings w^ere published on April
12, 1910 ; the admission as to who were the real purchasers, in the
language of Col. Mclntyre, who put up the money, is to be found
on page 33 of the printed report of the Committee on Insular Affairs,
dated Tuesday, April 12, 1910, and the statement about the Min-
doro Development Co. appears on page 34 of the same printed
hearing.
The next thing I wish to show is the anticipation of the opinion in
this case, which may also go partially as to what Mr. De Gersdorff
did or did not do in bringing about the sale. The record shows that
Gen. Edwards cabled to Gov. Forbes on November 23, 1909, stating
that he had notified the Secretary of War and the Attorney General,
who were to pass upon the question as to whether or not the sale
could be made. That cablegram appears in the Congressional Eecord
of April 14, at page 4835. That was the day after Mr. De Gersdorff
called on November 22 with his memorandunu
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 63
On November 29 Gov. Forbes cabled that the sale had been made,
and I shall offer the instrument itself, the certificate of sale of the
San Jose estate, which appears in the report to the Secretary of War.
I misplace these a little once in a while, but I have it here somewhere.
I will just say at this time, as appears in the report to the Secretary
of War, and which I shall offer in evidence, that the sale certificate
was executed on the 23d of November.
The Chairman. 1909 ?
Mr. Martin. 1909. It does not appear in the cahlegram from Gov.
Forbes of November 29 what day prior to that the sale had been
made. It simply appears that it had been made. It is on page 45 of
this report, entitled " Sales certificate No. 1," showing in the body
of it that it was executed by the director of public lands on that day.
Mr. Jones. What day is that?
Mr. Martin. November 23; that was the day after Mr. De Gers-
dorff first appeared on the scene and over two and a half months after
Mr. Hammond first called at the Bureau of Insular Affairs and began
these negotiations.
It appears on page 45 of this report that the secretary of the inte-
rior of the Philippines withheld his signature on account of the
cablegram of November 23, which was the cablegram of Gen. Ed-
wards that this question had been passed up both to the Secretary
of War and the Attorney General, and on that account Mr. Worcester
withheld his signature, the signature of Mr. Sleeper, of course, pre-
sumably having been made on the date of the instrument, November
23. But there is no date given as to when Mr. Worcester did affix
his signature of approval, and I call the committee's attention to the
fact that on November 26, 1909, only three days after he got that
cablegram from Gen. Edwards, the director of public lands caused
the bandillos or notices of sale to be published on the San Jose de
Mindoro estates, in accordance with the provisions of act No. 1933,
so that at any rate they did not wait until they got a cablegram on
December 4 stating that the Secretary of War approved the sale. I
say it does not appear when Mr. Worcester affixed his signature, but
it does appear that they proceeded to advertise this estate for sale
without waiting to hear from Washington.
Mr. Worcester also states, as. the evidence will show on page 44 of
this report, that this cable of November 23 was his first intimation
that the United States was interested in the sale of this estate or of
the friar lands, and in connection with that statement I will recall the
committee's attention to the fact that on September 27, just four days
short of two months before that time, Gen. Edwards wrote him a
lengthy letter, which I shall incorporate in these proceedings, asking
him for full information about all of the friar estates that were to be
sold over there.
I can not take the time of the committee now to go into all the con-
tents of that letter. Not only that letter, which must have been then in
Mr. Worcester's possession for two or three weeks, but others of these
documents and the cablegrams that I have introduced, show beyond
any question he knew the United States was interested in the sale of
these estates and of the San Jose estate.
The evidence, as I stated, shows the sale was consummated on
November 23, 1909. The opinion of the Attorney General of the
64 ABMIHISTRATIOH OF PHILIPPIKE lAKDS.
United States was not even asked for until December 4, 1909, although
these officials had been advised that it had been asked for, and it was
a mooted question, and it was not rendered until December 18, 1909,
and it was not cabled to Manila until December 22, 1909.
There is a statement that the sale was to be conditioned upon these
things: There is a statement that the attorneys for the purchasers
were to be satisfied by the legal department of the Government of
the United States as to their title, and that its final consummation was
made contingent therefore upon the favorable opinion of the Attor-
ney General of the United States.
But there is nothing in this sales certificate executed on November
23, w^ith reference to any such condition. If there is any condition
at all it was merely implied. It was not a condition nominated in
the bond, because the sales certificate was absolutely unconditional.
But in that connection about the anticijDation of the opinion, there
is also the fact of the organization of the Mindoro Development Co.
to operate this estate, which was organized under the laws of New
Jersey on December 8, 1909, which was 10 days before Mr. Wicker-
sham rendered his opinion, and 14 days before it was cabled to
Manila.
It has appeared from the sales certificate and otherwise that the
first payment under the contract was to be made on January 4, 1910.
I have mentioned heretofore, and shall rest the statement now upon
the source of information that I had available then, because it is a
source of information which is very friendly to the Government side
of this case, and very unfriendly to me and my side, that at that time,
at the time the first payment was made, on January 4, 1910, a railroad
survey of 14 miles in length, from the coast to the estate, was in
progress; that soundings had already been made for a dock on
the coast; materials had been purchased and sent out to the estate
to build labor quarters; and that seed cane and guinea grass — the
latter to afford forage for the animals on the plantation— had already
been planted. Therefore a vast amount of work had been done,
going to indicate that the opinion of the Attorney General of the
United States, which is now primarily relied upon for the validity
of this transaction, did not delay progress in the work of establish-
ing a sugar plantation there, and providing all the accessories, even
down to a New Jersey corporation, with which to carry on the work.
Mr. RucKER. What have you to say, Mr. Martin, in this connec-
tion, about the opinion of the attorney general over there, delivered
on the 18th of October, 1909?
Mr. Martin. The attorney general over there delivered an opinion
that these are amendatory acts; that Nos 1847 and 1933, passed by
the Philippine Assembly, voided or repealed the limitations. With
reference to that matter I have simply two things to say : First, that
the Philippine Assembly could not repeal the limitations, and, second,
that the Attorney General of the United States, in his opinion, dealt
only with and construed the organic law of the Philippine Islands
and never even referred to those amendatory acts of the Philippine
Government, although one of them had been in existence for eight
months or ten months and the other for over a year and a half. But
he confined himself wholly to the organic law of the United States.
Mr. RucKER. But what I had reference to was, inasmuch as they
were going on with this sale, contemplating the cultivation of the
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 65
ground, the planting of cane, and so forth, were they not doing that
on account of the opinion that they had, in October before, from the
attorney general over there ?
Mr. Martin. I will say in answer to the gentleman I do not see
how they could have, in view of the fact that Mr. Poole, who was the
agent of the purchasers and the manager of the corporation, informed
the officials of the Philippine Government in Manila that he himself
had been informed by the Bureau of Insular Affairs in Washington
that these estates could not be bought. I do not think that a prudent
business man, with such information as that from the department of
the Government having jurisdiction, would go over there and begin
establishing a great sugar plantation in the wilds of Mindoro, or-
ganize a big corporation, and do the multiplicity of things requiring
weeks of preparation that must have been involved in such an enter-
prise with that inhibition staring him in the face, unless he had some
assurance that it would be all right, such as was given Mr. Ham-
mond in the letter of September 4 last from the Bureau of Insular
Affairs, referring to the lilnitations which would prevent the sale of
these lands in large quantities; but his attention was called to the
fact that similar limitations in Porto Rico had proven ineffectual and
were no bar to the development of the sugar industry. Of course the
development of the sugar industry in Porto Rico means its absolute
monopolization. It was simply saying in effect to Mr. Hammond,
" I do not see why you need to worry about the letter of the law. You
know what kind of laws we have in Porto Rico, and you know how
they have operated. If you want to go out there in the Philippine
Islands and establish big sugar plantations, just keep in mind what
has happened in Porto Rico."
That is what the letter says, and it says so in so many words. I
have already offered to insert it in the record.
Mr. Parsons. Are you not incorrect in saying the opinion of the
attorney general of the Philippines did not discuss the provisions of
the fundamental act?
Mr. Martin. I did not say that. I say that the opinion of Attor-
ney General Wickersham makes no reference to the amendatory acts
passed by the Philippine Assembly.
Now, let this fact be borne in mind : There was never any question
anywhere but what the limitations applied up to June 3, 1908. That
is admitted by Mr. Worcester right in this report, that they could
not dispose of these estates prior to June 3, 1908, because the limita-
tions in the public-lands act passed b}^ the Philippine Legislature,
containing the limitations in the organic law, section 15, had been
carried into the friar land act, which was passed by the Philippine
Legislature a few months after the passage of the public-land act;
these acts are denominated the " public-land act " and " friar-land
act." But then he goes on to say that the amendatory act No. 1847,
passed in June, 1908, and No. 1933, passed in April, 1909, relieved
the friar lands of these limitations.
But the Attorney General of the United States — this is the point
I make — in his opinion made no reference to these two amendatory
acts of the Philippine Government, but confined himself solely to the
act of Congress of July 1, 1902, the organic law of the Philippine
Islands, and as to whether section 15 of that act subjected the land
66 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
to limitations — that is, section 15 and the friar land sections, 63, 64,
and 66.
Mr. Parsons. I think you misunderstood my question. I under-
stood you to say the attorney general for the Philippines did not
discuss the provisions of the act of Congress. Did he not?
Mr. Martin. I did not make that statement.
The Chairman. No. He said the Attorney General of the United
States did not refer to the Philippine acts.
Mr. Martin. Briefly, now, there are a few other things to which
I desire to call your attention. It was stated repeatedly, at appears
in these various letters of Gen. Edwards to which I have referred,
that the San Jose and Isabela estates were wholly unoccupied, un-
civilized, and remote, and all that sort of thing. There was a dis-
position to treat them on a different basis from the other estates, on
account of their remoteness, etc. So that it was a practical neces-
sity to sell them if possible, but it subsequently developed that there
have been portions of four other estates sold, to wit, the Calamba,
the Tala, the San Jose, and the Binan.
Now, the Tala estate is within 15 miles of Manila. I have already
shown to this committee that the Philippine Government itself makes
the showing that in 10 days this year they sold 12,000 acres, or ap-
proximately two-thirds of the one estate.
Mr. FoRNES. Is that estate part of the friar lands ?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; and even though part of the Calamba estate
were unoccupied, it could not be placed in the same category with the
San Jose and Isabela estates.
Mr. Parsons. Were those 12,000 acres that were sold unoccupied
or occupied lands ? Does it show ?
Mr. Martin. They must have been very largely occupied. I can not
say what the fact was with reference to that. Mr. Carpenter got
5,000 acres, and he was to get all the rest of the unoccupied land and
all of the occupied land which became vacant. But it is difficult to
tell from the reports what the condition of that estate was with
reference to settlement. Gen. Edwards says in this report here, in
this letter of April 11, that at that time 80 per cent of that estate is
estimated as occupied, although none of it whatever had been sold.
I do not concede that the condition of these estates has any bearing
whatever upon the question of the right to sell them in the manner
in which they have been disposed of ; but I cite the other estates as
going to show that even that claim will not hold good all the way
through. I go further and say that if the unoccupied lands are not
protected by the limitations, neither are the occupied lands. And
that one individual or one association or one corporation, with a man
named Poole acting as manager and agent, could acquire the whole
400,000 acres of the friar estates. There is no question about that.
The friar-land act provided for the disposition of the unoccupied
lands because the occupied were supposed to be provided for. There
were people on them to whom it was proposed to convey them. It was
not necessary in the friar-land act to make any provision with refer-
ence to the disposition of the occupied land as to quantity, etc., so
that that provision in section 9 of the friar-land act applying limita-
tions in the public land act was needed only as to the unoccupied.
But I lay this proposition before the committee, that if the limita-
tions do not protect one character or class of this land, occupied or
ADMIKISTEATION OF PHILIPPIKE LANDS. 67
unoccupied, it does not protect the other, and that therefore they are
all subject to be thrown back, not only into the same condition from
which we rescued them, but into a worse condition, as to ownership
and the conditions prevailing upon the lands at the time we got them.
It is rather anticipating, but I will quickly conclude now. I think
it is necessary for the commission to have my position pretty clearly
before it, and exhaustively, to enable them to go into the matter
properly with these gentlemen who have come so far.
I have been charged with showing the very small number of sales
which had been made — in the report for the year ending June 30,
1908, the report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of
War — upon which showing I said that the administration of the friar
lands was obviously a failure.
I want to say that until very lately, until the concluding days of
this controversy in Congress, that was all the information I had.
I shall show by the record repeated efforts to get the report of 1909,
and it is obvious that the report of 1910 was not available ; it was not
yet due. And the only report of the director of public lands that
ever was procured was a lot of typewritten sheets sent up here by the
Bureau of Insular Affairs, and published as a document in the letter
of the Secretary of War, Document No. 914, which contains what pur-
ports to be the report of the director of public lands for the year
ending June 30, 1909.
But at the time that particular part of the showing was prepared
as to the small number of sales, 466, I believe up to June 30, 1908,
was all that had been made during the nearly four years that we had
then had those lands in charge, administering them, and only about
675 sales of all characters, public and friar lands, both.
Now the Philippine Government comes in with a showing of
enormously increased sales recently. The report on pages 94 and 97
shows that of the total sales of friar lands from the beginning down
to July 1, 1910, to wit, 65,515.38 acres, considerably more than one-
half, or, to be specific, 38,579.14 acres, have been sold on four of
these estates since this controversy began over here in the last session
of Congress since it has become well developed. I shall offer a table
showing that on the largest of the four estates recently they have sold
over half of all the friar lands that they have sold during the whole
six years that we have owned them, and on two of these estates, the
Naic and Tala, all the sales up to July 1, 1910, on the Naic, amounted
to 7,550.28 acres, beginning on June 24, 1910, and that the sales on the
Tala estate, as I have already pointed out to you, amounted to
11,954.38 acres, beginning with June 21, 1910. So that this report
might well be interpreted as putting me in the light of misrepresent-
ing a state of facts which did not exist at all when I made the
statement, because all the sales on the Tala estate, according to this
report, every one of them, every acre, has been made virtually since
Congress adjourned.
The last thing I said on this subject in the House of Eepresentatives
was on June 13. That is the speech referred to so much by the gen-
tlemen in these reports, and there was not an acre sold, according
to their own report, on the Tala estate at that time, but all of it was
sold at a time beginning eight days after that speech was made. Of
course that was a matter I could not know about either at that time.
68 ABMIKISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
I want to add that probably a substantial proportion of the re-
maining acreage of the other estates that has been sold has been sold
during the period of large sales in these four estates that I have men-
tioned to you. The Naic, the Tala, the Binan, and the San Francisco
de Malabon estate are the four to which I refer.
I want to say further that if the recent large increase in friar-land
sales is a sufficient answer to the charge of failure of friar-land
administration, which was based on the available reports, it is sub-
mitted that such showing is also a. sufficient answer to the claim that
it is necessary to dispose of these estates in bulk to either officials of
the Philippine Government or to foreign syndicates.
Now, that about conchides a rather rough presentation of this
matter. There may have been some things omitted. It would be
remarkable if, under the conditions I have had to labor in endeavor-
ing to lay this matter before the committee, there would not be some
omissions; but I stand ready to supply anything I can which is in
my power and to be examined by this committee just as fully as it
may see fit; to produce and make any answers that I can make with
reference to all of the various documents to which I have referred
and which I shall be glad to introduce.
I simply want, in conclusion at this time, to call your attention to
a statement made by Secretary Dickinson in an address delivered at
a banquet, presumably in Manila, on September 2, 1910, the occasion
of the Secretary's recent visit there:
I win say generaUy as to the friar lands tbat at the time the contracts were
made for other sales in large amount it was not supposed that any objections
would be raised. The main idea was to reduce the bonded debt as rapidly as
possible.
That is saying, now, what was the idea and attitude of the Philip-
pine Government officials, as he construes it. But this is what he
says :
Now that opposition has been declared and the matter is under investiga-
tion by Congress, no sale of these lands in large quantities will be authorized
until the situation is fully developed.
In which statement I respectfully submit the Hon. Secretary of
War has presented the square issue to this committee, rendering it
inevitable that upon the result of this investigation will hinge either
the retracement of the short steps that have already been taken or
their growth and development into a policy of exploitation of the
Philippine Islands by American capitalists and corporate interests,
which will create such an internal condition there that this country,
which has not yet determined the final disposition of the Philippines
and its relations toward them, will speedily become unable to act
upon such a determination when it shall be reached, unless it should
be a determination to keep them. In other words. Gen. Dickinson
says to this committee, in effect, putting it from my viewpoint, " the
camel has thrust his nose in the tent ; it is up to you gentlemen either
to kick him out or to get behind him and shove him completely in."
Mr. Douglas. How is it possible that this can be so with reference
to any lands in the Philippine Islands, even under the language that
you quote, and from your own view, except the comparatively insig-
nificant number of acres, compared with the public domain, that are
included in the friar lands ? If all the friar lands in the islands
were sold in large bodies to men who would cultivate them in sugar,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 69
even to the representatives of the sugar trust, how would that indi-
cate an intention on the part of this Government or any of its de-
partments to exploit the public lands in the same way, if it be true
that there is no limitation in law as to how the lands of the Philip-
pine Government can sell the friar lands in order to reimburse itself
for the bonds it has issued?
Mr. Martin. I shall show — and that is the item I started out with
when Mr. Madison corrected my impression as to how this investi-
gation should be carried on — that just as soon as the sale of the friar
estates in bulk had been begun there came from the War Depart-
ment— which with me always means the Bureau of Insular Affairs —
the bill, a copy of which I have here, and the letter containing amend-
ments to the organic law of the Philippine Islands repealing the
present restrictions and permitting an individual to purchase not 40
acres, as now, but 1,250 acres.
The Chairman. Oh, no ; increasing it from 16 hectares to 40 hec-
tares.
Mr. Martin. No, sir; increasing it to 500 hectares, which is 1,250
acres. I have the proposed amendment to section 15 of the organic
law of the Philippine Islands, authorizing the purchase by an indi-
vidual of not to exceed 500 hectares, with no limitations upon the
alienation of the land, an amendment which would absolutely abolish
all land limitations.
The Chairman. But that amendment did not pass.
Mr. Martin. No, sir; the amendment did not pass, because the
Senate Philippine Committee, at its first meeting, unanimously
struck that section out and passed the bill without it, thereby indi-
cating the policy of this Government with reference to land holdings
in the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Douglas. Public-land holdings?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir; public-land holdings in the Philippines;
and as I said in the first place there are no lands there to which this
limitation should be more rigidly applied or which call for or de-
mand it than the particular estates which were taken, not directly
from the Friars but taken from corporations to be distributed
among the Filipinos.
Mr. Douglas. Was it not rather to protect those who had holdings
oti them, and has not that been carefully done in every respect?
Mr. Martin. Well, you can go into the Tala estate proposition
and some of these other matters I have laid before you and deter-
mine the fact.
Mr. Douglas. I mean so far as the law is concerned it is, and
so far as any of these leases that have been brought out hero it is,
and in every other way, so far as I can see ; and in the surrender by
Mr. Carpenter of the holdings he had in the interest of the Filipinos
who wanted to take it.
Mr. Martin. They have made some progress over there very re-
cently ; there is no question about that, but it has been very recently.
Mr. Jones. When is it proposed to go on with this hearing?
The Chairman. I thought w^e had better examine one or two wit-
nesses this afternoon, if satisfactory to the committee. After that,
as to when we shall go on, that is at the pleasure of the committee.
To-morrow is calendar Wednesday, and I do not know whether we
will be wanted in the House or not. We might have a morning ses-
70 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
sion to-morrow, and then conclude it, if there is anything further, at
the pleasure of the committee.
Mr. Parsons. I should like to ask Mr. Martin one or two questions.
I wish you would explain what your theory is and what the policy
of the Government has been in regard to the sugar industry in the
Philippines. Mr. Jones and I were out there with the Taft party in
1905, and my recollection is that the testimony that was taken before
our party was that the handicap on the sugar industry in the Philip-
pines was their crude methods, and that what was needed were sugar
centrales, such as they have in Porto Eico, so that they would extract
a higher percentage of the sugar; but that the reason the Philippines
could not compete with Java was that Java had these centrales and
the Philippines did not.
I just mention that. I want to get your idea of what the Govern-
ment's policy has been, as to what should be done to develop the sugar
industry there, or whether anything should be done ?
Mr. Martin. So far as my information goes
Mr. Jones (interposing). I would suggest, Mr. Chairman, that
seems to be going very far into the question. I do not object to it
at all ; it is interesting ; but I do not think it has any bearing, what
Mr. Martin's idea is what the policy of the Government should be in
the way of developing the sugar industry. We are met to examine
as to specific matter contained in the resolution. As I say, I do not
object to it, but I merely suggest that to Mr. Parsons.
Mr. RucKER. That seems to me to bring up the whole Philippine
question as to what we ought to do with it.
Mr. Jones. If we go into the question of policy there will be a
great deal of diversion of opinion.
Mr. Parsons. I asked it because of Mr. Martin's criticism of the
certificate of incorporation of the Mindoro Development Co. I
think that most lawyers who incorporate under the New Jersey law
put in everything they can think of. It does not cost any more.
Mr. Martin. They got one in this case who could think of every-
thing that could be put in.
Mr. Parsons. I suppose what they could do in the Philippines
depends on the Philippine law, and not upon the charter itself.
Would it not be necessary for a person building a sugar centrale any-
where there to have factories, or to have most of the powers that
are set forth specifically in the objects of the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co.
Mr. Martin (interposing). Including the right to buy and sell
stock of other corporations, without regard to character?
Mr. Parsons. Whether they can do that depends upon the Phil-
ippine law. But I remember that when we were there one of the
points made was — and it is in the hearings which were published
and which are probably in the library of the committee — that you
could not develop anything in the Philippine Islands unless you
moved the families there and established a village; that when the
quarries were opened up across the bay, in order to get stone for
Manila, that the people who did that had to establish a village there
with schools and churches, and I think it was even said cockpits,
in order to get the laborers there and keep them there. I presume
that those people did a good many of the things that we hear,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 71
Mr. Martin. How would you like to have the Department of Jus-
tice to get after you with anything like that charter concealed about
you ?
Mr. Parsons. I do not think the Department of Justice has any-
thing to do with it. I will withdraw my question, if there is any
objection to it.
Mr. EucKER. Mr. Martin wants to make a brief statement.
Mr. Martin. I want to make one statement, briefly, gentlemen. I
do not know w^hether everybody would make this statement, but I
make my own statements as I am prompted to do. I am not at all
bloodthirsty. I am not after any official job or scalp or reputation,
or anything of that kind. I have been in a position where a man
had to fight with whatever weapons legitimately came to hand, and
I claim I have done that. And I have had to fight under handicaps
that made it necessary to deal blows to bring results that I would
prefer not to have done, no matter how much I may have felt
justified.
So that I want to say now that so far as these gentlemen who
have been mentioned in this matter, or who are in any way involved
in them, are concerned, I have not any feeling of rancor toward them.
I do not want to do them any injury.
I simply believe and believe firmly that we have started out over
there on a wrong policy, or, at least, a policy that should not be
started upon until Congress so determines. All I am striving for in
this matter — and I would have been glad to have had the end at-
tained quietly and privately without the utterance of a public word
if it would have been possible to have done such a thing — is simply
the restoration of the status quo in the Philippines with reference to
the friar lands, and their continued distribution among the people
there instead of in bulk to foreign exploiting interests which we are
not able to control in our own country and under our own Govern-
ment, to say nothing of controlling them under the conditions that
obtain in the Philippine Islands.
The Chairman. Mr. Sleeper, will you take the stand.
Charles H. Sleeper, Esq., was called as a witness, and being first
duly sworn by the chairman, testified as follows:
The Chairman. Where do you now reside?
Mr. Sleeper. Manila, P. 1.
The Chairman. What official title, office, or position do you hold
in the Philippine Government?
Mr. Sleeper. Director of Lands in the Interior Department.
Mr. Madison. It is now half past 1 o^clock, and I suggest we take
an adjournment for luncheon, to meet again at 2.15 o'clock.
(Thereupon, at 1.30 o'clock p. m., the committee took a recess until
2.15 o'clock p. m.)
after recess.
The committee reassembled at 2.15 o'clock p. m., pursuant to the
taking of recess.
The Chairman. Gentlemen, before we proceed with the witness,
Mr. J. H. Ralston, a member of the Washington bar, is here, and
states that he represents the Anti-Imperialist League, of Boston,
72 ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mass. ; that he desires to be present on behalf of that society and may
want to cross-examine witnesses. I submit the proposition to the
committee. I suppose there is no objection to his being present, as it
is a public hearing ; but as to the other matter I presume we will want
to consider that in executive session.
Mr. RucKER. Before we proceed further, Mr. Martin has made a
statement here, and he has coupled that statement with reference to
a lot of facts and records. It occurs to me for the record to read
right that ought to be incorporated before the testimony of the wit-
ness we have now here with us ; or is it the policy of the committee to
go on in defense of something that is not in the record to meet? In
other words, would not the record read better if what Mr. Martin
has referred to comes in before this other testimony that we are about
to take?
The Chairman. You refer to some letters and newspaper clip-
pings?
Mr. RucKER. All of what he has put in or what he desires to put in
this. In other words, would it not be better to examine Mr. Martin
first, and then these other witnesses, unless we are satisfied to let a
record be made of what Mr. Martin has included in his statement. I
understand from him that he will present these records in order to
make a record here to-morrow morning. I merely make that as a
suggestion.
The Chairman. Everything that Mr. Martin has said goes in the
record now. As to the documents — that is what you mean ?
Mr. EucKER. Yes, sir ; the documents that he has referred to. Do
I understand they are now in the record ?
The Chairman. No ; except as he may have read them or parts of
them.
Mr. Davis. As I understand the situation, Mr. Martin has con-
cluded certain charges, orally made, and spread upon the records.
He has been prohibited from introducing any evidence to sustain
those charges. In other words, he has presented what we might call
an indictment, not formal, but informal, and spread it upon the
records, offering no proof up to date. In an orderly proceeding,
ought it not to be that he be called upon to sustain some of these
charges, or is the committee intending to go on and examine now
with reference to matters about which there is simply an oral charge,
no record made of anything at the present time? I was just figuring
like this : Suppose with my limited knowledge now, Mr. Sleeper was
placed upon the stand; I would be unable to ask any questions, be-
cause there is nothing proven ; there is nothing established either for
or against the Government or against anybody. There is not any
record evidence here of anything, and there has not been a witness
sworn yet to any charge — simply a bare statement of Mr. Martin, and
he was precluded from backing it up with any proof. If that is the
case, what is Mr, Sleeper on the stand for? Are you looking for
proof now; and if so, proof as to what? There are no documents
here, nothing in the record.
The Chairman. It occurs to the chair the "situation is this: Not
that Mr. Martin is in the position of a prosecu^tor. We would have
a duty to proceed with this investigation, even had Mr. Martin not
chosen to come before us. That does not relieve us of our duty.
The reference requires the House Committee on Insular Affairs tq
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 73
make a complete and full investigation of the interior department of
the Philippine Government, especially as to the administration of
lands and all matters of fact and of law pertaining thereto. Inde-
pendent of any charges that duty is imposed upon us by this resolu-
tion. And we called upon Mr. Martin, as he had offered the original
resolution to submit to us any facts he had in his possession.
Mr. Davis. But he has not submitted any proof. When it came
to the submission of proof, he was precluded.
The Chairman. Oh, no ; not at all.
Mr. Davis. I understood it was that way.
Mr. Hamilton. No. There has been no introduction of evidence.
What he has said amounts to what might be called a bill of par-
ticulars.
The Chairman. He could state the facts.
Mr. Douglass. We have his statement.
Mr. Parsons. As a matter of fact, the last time he did incorporate
a lot of things.
Mr. Jones. A great deal has gotten into the record that was not
contemplated. What Mr. Martin was before the committee for
really was to state the facts, which he expected to be able to estab-
lish by proof. That is what he is supposed to have been here for.
The Chairman. That is what I understand.
Mr. Jones. Now, the question raised by Judge Davis is, having
stated what he expects to prove, is it not proper to have witnesses
and other evidence by which you expect to establish those facts in-
troduced before you examine any gentlemen who Avould be affected
by this testimony ? That is the orderly proceeding.
Mr. Davis. That is better put that I could do it.
The Chairman. I hardly think so. We are not proceeding on
charges made by anybody. We are proceeding to fulfill our duty
under this House resolution.
It seemed to me the first thing was to get the facts. That is the
object of having Capt. Sleeper here. He has charge of the records
in connection with this matter, and he was asked to produce the
record of the Interior Department, showing, among other things,
every sale of public land or private land, to whom sold, the price,
and the area involved in the sale. Now, we could go on discussing
the law all summer, but it would seem to me the first thing we wanted
was to get the facts on the record so that we would know what we are
talking about.
Mr. Jones. I agree with the chairman fully about that, but there
seems to be two sides to this matter, just as there are to most contro-
versies. Is it not the orderly way to proceed with the testimony of
those who are supposed to establish the charges? There are charges
made, and that resolution directs us to investigate as to those charges.
Now, ought not the man who makes these charges be given an oppor-
tunity to present his evidence to establish them, and then call upon
the officers in the Philippines to refute them with such facts as they
have in their possession? Is not that the orderly way of proceeding?
Mr. FoRNES. As I understand, Mr. Martin presented his case, giv-
ing, so to say, his testimony ; published testimony, evidence in letters,
and all matters, which if called upon to substantiate and prove he
is able to do so. As I understand, we take it for granted that his
statement is capable of being substantiated by the evidence which
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 9
74 ADMIKISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
he would offer. Now, the witnesses on the other side, or at least the
parties we wish to investigate, have come from a distance, and it
seems to me if you are going to substantiate all the testimony which
was offered in the statement of facts they will have to remain here
a long time, and perhaps to the detriment of work which they are
called upon to do. On the other hand, it will engage much more of
the time of the committee than if we would obtain the statement of
facts as they will present them and go on in the matter that we have
commenced. In this way I believe we will shorten the time a great
deal. I do not understand we are sitting here as a court, exactly,
but for the purpose of investigation.
The Chairman. We might take testimony for weeks on newspaper
statements, and all that kind of thing, but the real evidence is the
sales made, and they have got to come from the records of the de-
partment. It seems to me we would shorten the time very much if
we would get that evidence on our records at the outset.
Mr. Parsons. I do not suppose we take anything for granted. It
seems to me it is largely a question of what is the most convenient
form in which to have the record printed so that we will have ail the
documentary evidence where we can readily turn to it.
Charles H. Sleeper, a witness heretofore sworn and on the stand
at the taking of recess, resumed the stand for further examination
and testified as follows :
The Chairman. Captain, you were about to state your official
position in the Philippine Government, or perhaps you had stated
it when we took a recess.
Mr. SixEEPER. Director of Lands in the Department of the Interior.
The Chairman. By whom were you appointed?
Mr. kSleeper. Gov. Wright.
The Chairman. When?
Mr. Sleeper. November 1, 1905.
The Chairman. Where were you then living?
Mr. Sleeper. In Manila.
The Chairman. What were you then doing in Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. I was a member of the municipal board of the city
of Manila at that time.
The Chairman. By whom were you appointed ?
Mr. Sleeper. By Governor Taft.
The Chairman. Previous to that where had you resided?
Mr. Sleeper. In the Philippine Islands.
The Chairman. For how long?
Mr. Sleeper. Since July, 1898.
The Chairman. 1898?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Prior to that time where had you resided?
Mr. Sleeper. Pueblo, Colo.
The Chairman. What are the duties, just in a short, general way,
of your present position ?
Mr. Sleeper. The administrative control of the public and friar
lands and other lands pertaining to the Philippine government.
The Chairman. You say public and friar lands. Do you mean by
that to make a distinction between the two ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. Public lands pertain to the United States;
friar lands pertain to the Philippine Government.
ADMIKISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 75
The Chairman. You mean by public lands the lands which the
United States acquired from Spain?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. And by friar lands you mean the lands which the
Philippine Government purchased from the friars?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You spoke of some other lands. What did you
mean by that?
Mr. Sleeper. They are lands that pertain to the insular govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, lands on which are erected build-
ings which they may have purchased.
The Chairman. Government buildings?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You were asked to submit or bring the records
from which could be ascertained a record of all sales of public lands
and all sales of friar lands, giving the names of each purchaser, the
amount involved in the transaction, and, I think, also the price.
Can you give us that information in a concise form?
Mr. Sleeper. Up to a certain date; yes, sir.
The Chairman. Up to what date?
Mr. Sleeper. October 1.
The Chairman. Of what year?
Mp Sleeper. Of this year.
The Chairman. And beginning when?
Mr. Sleeper. Beginning at the time of the inception of the Govern-
ment out there.
The Chairman. You have sent a statement to me. Is this the
statement as to those sales? [Sh(nving witness papers.]
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir: but this is up to a previous date.
The Chairman. What date?
Mr. Sleeper. To September 1, 1910.
The Chairman. Is that a complete statement from the beginning
down to September 1, 1910?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Capt. Sleeper, you say that you are now in a posi-
tion to give the additional information, the same information down
to October 1 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; October 1. I have the documents with me,
so that a list can be prepared immediately.
The Chairman. Will you prepare such a list and give it to the
clerk of the committee so that it may be printed in connection with
this statement?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. I desire to call your attention to the fact that this
statement seems to come down to the 81st day of July, 1910.
Mr. Sleeper. That may be. It was in response to a cablegram re-
quest of Gen. Edwards on which it was prepared.
The Chairman. Can you complete it from the 81st day of July
down to October 1?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
The Chairman. And you will do so and give that statement to the
clerk of the committee?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The documents referred to are as follows:)
76
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[The Goverament of the Philippine Islands. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Lands.]
Statement Showing all Sales of Public Lands and Friar Lands by the
Philippine Government Since the Passage of Act of Congress Approved
July, 1, 1902, Giving Name of Each Person or Corporation to whom Sold
and the Number of Acres in the Sale.
[Submitted in accordance with the cablegram from the Bureau of Insular Affairs, dated August 27, 1910.]
Sales of public land from July 26^ 1904, the date of the proclamation of the public-land
act J to September 1, 1910.
Name of purchaser.
Area.
Name of purchaser.
Area.
Pancracio Adiarte
Juan Reyes y Basa
Luciano Orehdain
Silveria B undoc
I^ouis Gordon
Manuel Tinio
Juan Canoy
John R. Edgar
Marcelo Florentino
AssingaCo. (a corporation)
Cayetano Madamba
Cay etano Bonnoan
Paz Natividad
Archibald McFarland
Jacinto Aguila
Malecio S. Aguila
Francisco Rivera
Pedro Direeto
Francisco Angeles
Apolina Modamba
Domestic and Foreign Missionary
Society of the Protestant i'4)is;'opal
Church
Alejandro Bauico
Fernando Ferrer
Baco River Plantation Co
La Yebana Co. (a corporation)
Mariano Bautista
William J. Ellis
Ang Sariling J^acas (a corporation)
Ang Liway-way (a corporation) . .
Barbara Guison
Teodoro Gonzales
Acres.
17.35
36.50
40
40
40
40
40
40
23.20
2, 267. 50
39.80
40
40
39.70
39. 65
39. 75
1.05
5
25
40
6. 30
35
640
400
40
40
320
,530
39. 14
39.14
Domingo Zamora
Fausta Santa Domingo
Lino de Castro
Jos^ Abastillas
Elias Valencia
Bernardo R. Piiiol
Mateo liUga , . .
J. H. Christen
lilduardo Martinez
Feliciano Basa & Co
Marcos Eleydo
Juan de Agcaoili
Cipriano Albano
Estanislao Magno
Ysabelo Imperial
Monico Andres
Pablo Pecson
Pedro Rosal
Charles H. Brent
Bio
San Mateo Agricultural Co
Manogan
H. L. Heath
Arthur Cummings
San Carlos Agricultural Co
Ramon Murga
Santos Castro
Juan Ignacio
Juliana Encarnacion
San Francisco Agricultural Co
Total area sold, acres
Total number of purchasers
Acres.
39
27.75
40
40
31.12
40
40
40
40
48.12
25.60
31.45
30.70
31.40
21.60
40
40
15.60
2.50
25
2, 360. 65
25
32.75
40
2,321.14
40
33.70
4.20
8.70
2, 210. 20
14, 790. 26
62
Consolidated statement of all friar lands sales, to include July 31, 1910, showing totals
of purchasers and parcels sold, and the total area, in acres, sold on each estate.
Estates.
Pur-
chasers.
Parcels
sold.
Area in
acres.
Banilad
461
42
1,626
1
293
415
40
1
778
478
1,007
'344
1,363
1
1
1,174
367
728
49
2,802
1
347
681
93
1
1,309
1,253
1,802
600
2,752
2
1
1,992
838
1,251.6725
BinaEfbacT .....
27. 9523
Bifian
6, 613. 0453
Caiamba
1. 4740
Dampol
1,829.4415
2, 314. 6677
Guiguinto
Isabela
148. 7113
Lolomboy
4. 1020
Malinta
7,793.4245
Muntinlupa
4,543.0658
Naic
8, 335. 7696
Orion
2,079.0730
Saai Francisco de Malabon
13,290.2156
San Jos6
56, 212. 0375
San Marcos - »
218. 3223
Santa Rosa ,
10, 370. 0437
Tala ^ '
12,050.7366
Total
8,392
15,251
127, 083. 7502
ABMINISTEATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
77
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, the names of the various purchasers, the
number of parcels purchased by each, together with the areas of the lands purchased,
shown in acres or fractions thereof.
[Hectares have been reduced to acres at the rate of 2.5 acres per hectare. With few exceptions, only one
parcel is sold on each sale certificate.]
Name of purchaser.
Banilad estate.
Abadinas, Arcoiiio
Abella, Domiiiga
Abendoii, Grcgorio
Aguirre, Victor
Alabares, Marcelo
Alasas, I'^spc'ranza
Alburo, Felix
Alburo, Leoncio
Alburo, Mariano
Alducente, Nicolasa
Alflche, Maraorto
Alifio, Roberta
Aliilo, Sebastian
Alvarez, J nana
Alvarez, Mateo
Al viola, Uldarico
Amigable, Cipriaiia
Antonio, Andrea
Antonio, Bernarda
Antonio, Martin
Anunat, Nicolas
Araneta, Franc i.sca
Arbotante, Nicolas
Arcilla, Nieves
Arco, Maxima
Arda, Sil vcstra
Ardientc, Leoncia
Ardina, l<: varista
Arela, I3asilisa
Argos, Irineo
Arellano, Juan
Atillo, Nicolasa
Aviar, Matias
Avila, Joscfma
Avila, Leoncio
Avila» Tcodora
Badile, Agapita
Badile, Victor
Bagano, Genoveva
Bagasala, Venturada
Baquison, Alejandra
Barrioqninto, Aniceto
Barrioquinto, Cleta
Barte, Francisea
Bartolaba, Tedfilo
Basac, Petronila
Basay, Pablo
Bascon, Mauricio
Batiller, Juana
Belside, Juliana
Bernal, Ciriaco
Binoya, Jacinta
Block, Edmund
Bondoc, Alfredo
Bondoc, Feliza j
Bondoc, Miguel }
Bontilao, Mariano !
Bontoyan, Felipe j
Bontayan, Maria i
Borbajo, Balbina I
Borbajo, Gregoria \
Borces, Fernando
Borces, Juana
Borgador, Quintina
Borgoiia, Consoreia
Borgona, Manuel
Borromeo, Andres
Borromeo, Jos6
Briones, Juan
Briones, Eucebio
Briones, Isidro
Briones, Juan
Parcels
pur-
chased,
Area (in
acres).
0. 8598
.1805
6. 3452
1. 2848
1. 7002
. 1883
. 4370
94. 4055
4. 0615
. 5300
2. 7082
. 0920
. 0485
. 0593
. 1125
. 0575
11. 7080
1. 0425
. 1315
.1312
.1122
.0443
. 8595
.0832
.7342
.1305
.4325
. 0715
. 2505
.0473
. 1605
.4268
. 1657
.0645
4. 3992
.0943
. 0750
. 3025
17. 6925
.0918
.0585
.0798
. 1200
.1215
3. 8330
. 03()0
. 1370
. 1375
. 0920
. 1690
. 1105
3. (;007
1. 3090
. 06)75
5. 1275
. 2835
. 0823
.1525
.1340
. 1067
. 0680
2. 0()25
. 0980
.1385
. 1238
,5717
2. 03')5
.4745
.8778
2. 0302
.7933
.3547
Name of purchaser.
Banilad gs/afe-- Continued
Briones, Luis
Bryan, Mary R
Burbos, Brigido
Burgos, Filoiuena
Burgos, Raynuindo
Caballero, Angela
Caballes, Carmolino
Caballes, Jos6 & Dominga. .
Cabanas, Lucila
Cabardo, Eucebio
Cabarrubias, Bacilio
Cabarrubias, Bibiana
Cabrera, Diego
Cabrera, Fermin
Cabucos, Fermin
Cabucos, Petrona
Cabucos, Rui:)erta
Camacaylan, Simpiicio
Cominadi, Pedro
Campbell, Colin
Carbajal, Marcela
Castada, i^^ucebio
Causing, Eulalio E
Causin, Rufina
Cebu Golf Club
Ceniza, Tereza
Ceiiido, Isabel
Cerilles, Tomas
Chan, Pa
Chiong, Ta(5rdo L
Cinco, Segundo
Cinco, Tomasa
Clarin, Jose A
Cllmaco, Arcenio
Climaco, Felicidad
Cobarde, BaciJia
Cobcuban, Matias
Cublan, Arcadia
Coblan, Tcodora
Codilla, Sotero
Codira, Pedro
Codiro, Maria
Codoy, Dorotoo
Colina, Bartolome
Colina, Dam aso
Colina, Eulogio
Colina, Geronimo
Colina, Pablo
Cohna, Potenciano
Colina, Frisco
Colina, Ricardo
Colina, Romualdo
Colina, Rufo
Concepcida, Vicente
Coverley, \ .G
Crisdlogo, Mariano
Crisdstomo, Rogaciana
Cuaresma, Juan
Cuestas, Petronila
Cui, Maria
Cuico, Potenciano
Cuico, Silvina
Cuison, Felipe
Diola, Alipia
Diongson, Agapita
Dumalaqan, Paulina
Dy Poco
Echavez, Alejandro
Echavez, Brigida
Encabo, Apolonio
Encabo, Epifanio
Enriques, Adriano
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 3013
2. 1095
.0332
.1448
.0835
.5145
.0467
.1125
.0838
.0725
.1637
1. 5873
4.8597
.4950
.4155
. 2370
.9410
. 2618
.0490
3. 1767
.376)8
.1852
.1183
2. 5697
2. 9913
6. 7587
.1533
,0652
.0793
24. 8875
.0670
.0987
2. 5963
27. 2945
1.3820
.0785
.0752
.3193
3. 9800
.3285
.0275
.4517
.0705
4. 3948
.1527
4. 6480
.4288
2.51S7
1.9345
.1605
.0765
.0265
.9898
.7240
1.6172.
13.9275
.0960
.2393
.0665
.2312
.7325
.2050
.6188
.4277
.2650
.0638
.2750
3. 5512
.0705
1.3313
.0680
33.1662
78
ADMIlSriSTEATTON OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Banilad estate— Continued.
Enriquez, Consolacion
Enriquez, Pastor
Esguerra, Santiago
Fajardo, Tedfilo A
Famador, Pantaleon
Famador, Sotera
Fernandez, Marta
Flores, Anacleto
Flores, Apolinario
Floras, Clemen
Flores, L4zaro
Flores, Remigia
Floreta, ("aiidelaria
Floreta, Fabian
Floreta, Francisca
Floreta, Matea
Fortuna, Josefa
Francisco, Victorino
Franco, Domingo
Funtariar, Andres
Funtanar, Elena
Funtanar, Felipa
Funtanar, Flacida
Funtanosa, Balbino
Funtanosa, Dorotea
Funtanosa, Estefania
Gabtno, Florencio
Galan, Nicolasa
Galarse, Segundo
Galarse, Siinona
Garnett, Eugene
Go- .Toco
Go, Pongco
Gogo, Eugenio
Gogo, Teodora
Gorordo, Juan P
Gosallas, Eorenzo
Government of the Philippine
Islands
Gdmez, Jose
Gonzales, Alfonza
Gonzales, Melchor
Guangco, Dionisia
Guardiana, Maria
Gutierrez, Julian
Hermosa, Adriana
Hermosa, Irinea
Hermosa, Teodora
Herrera, Lucio
Hollis, W.J
Homan, Harold
Idel, Fabian
Ignacio, Juan
Ingayo, Guillermo
Ingles, Escolastica
Ingles, Graciano
Ingles, Leonora
Inocian, Juan
Inocian, lAiisa
Inocian, Pabto
Inocian , Sil vestre
Ifion , Magdaleno
Jacalan , Benito
Jerez, Juan
Jumauan, Eulogia
Jumauan , Pablo
Jurado, Maria
I-ahares, Potenciano
Landon, R. Robert
Lao, Calixto
Law, D. Kingson
Leyson, Anatalia
Leyson, DAmaso
Leyson, Magdalena
Leyson, Vicente
Liao, Lleco
Lira, Chinque
Limana, Agatona
Parcels
pur-
chased
Area (^in
acres).
2.2438
.0952
.1378
3. 3150
.1772
.0763
.0830
.0385
1. 3320
.1705
.1352
.0415
.6293
.2985
.0255
. 0782
1. 6850
.0565
9. 3425
.0845
. 0618
. 1167
, 2550
1. 8025
.0700
17. 8170
1. 8173
. 0552
.0578
6. 0807
23. 0748
2. 1827
3. 7078
.0902
.1225
14. 4313
.1070
5. 2872
.1110
1. 4300
. 3713
1. 5840
. 1132
3. 7260
.1815
2. 4180
.2370
.3183
3. 3620
1. 0615
.1947
.0783
.0520
. 1310
4.2762
.4670
. 8175
. 2523
.2072
16. 9888
.0342
. 2508
6. 4675-
. 1455
2. 5275
4. 7137
.5353
17. 7096
1.4735
2. 5430
10. 3260
1.1112
.1705
1.3095
7. 6235
.5075
.0705
Name of purchaser.
Banilad ^sto^e— Continued,
L6pez, Anastacio
L6pez, Juan
Lopez, Juana
L6pez, Lucio
L6pez, Silverio
Llama, Rafael
Llorente, Martin
Mabatid, Brigida
Macasero, Bonifacio
Macasero, Ignacio
Marcasero, Jorgea
Macasero, Lucio
Macasero, Nicolas
Macasero, Platon
Macasero, Sotera
Macasero, Valentin
Macasero, Valeria
Macasero, Venancio
Mack, John If
Macs, Macario
Magana, Melchor
M anangula, 1 'ablo
Mar, Baldornera
Mar, Baldornera del
Mar, Claros del
Mar, Cabino del
Mar, Mateo
Mar, Santos del
Mar, Vicente del
Marinana, Marcelo
Mayol, Cirilo
Martinez, Celestino B
Medalle, Eulalia
Medalle, Ger6nimo
Medalle, Mariano
Medalle, Petrona
Menor, Juana
Mercado, Cef erino
Mercado, Constancia
Mercado, Emiliano
Mercado, Mateo
Mercado, Paclfico
Mendoza, Aguedo
Miel, Apolinario
Mijares, Maxim ina
Mina, Celidonio
Mina, Leonarda
Minina, Bonifacia
Minina, Romana
Minosa, Agapito
Mifiosa, Dionisio
Miiiosa, Doroteo
Minosa, Francisco
Minosa, Miguel
Miranda, Manuel
Montaire, Jos^
Murillo, Catalino B
Nacar, Julian
Nasilla, Bernardo
Najaro, Filomeno
Napisa, Aqaton
Napisa, Lucia
Napisa, Pedro
Nazareno, Vicenta
Neis, Ignacio
Nepomuceno, Meliton
Ompoc, Brigida
Ompoc, Juan
Ompoc, Sulpicia
Ompoc, Valentin
Opendo, Severo
Opulentisima, Eucebio
Opulentislma, Restituta
Opulentisima, Valentina —
Opura, Carlos
Osmena, Tomds
Ouano, Adrian©
Ouano, Gerardo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
79
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Banilad estate—Continned,
Ouano, Ines
Ouano, Lufs
Ouano, Pedro
Ouano, Simon
Palang, Dionisio
Perdon, Raymunda
Perpetua, Eleuteria
Perpetua, Ger6nima
Perpetua, Tomas
Philippine Ry. Co
Pihgrino, Rosalia
Pond & Block
Pond, Arlington
Presbyterian Board of For-
eign Missions
Quejada, Francisco
Querubin, Teoderica
Quimbo, Agapito
Quimbo, Clara
Rabillos, Petrona
Rallos, Victoria
Rafferty, James I
Ragas, Hilaria
Ragosta, Maria
Rallos, Florentine
Ramos, Maria
Ramos, Zoila
Ranili, Petrona
Razo, Bernardiua
Razo, Gregoria
Regis, Magno
Regner, Ignacio
Ricaldo, Isabelo
Risari, Ricarda
Rivera, Sotera
Roda, Eduardo de
Rodis, Isaac
Rodis, Vicente
Roman Catholic Church
Romanillos, Simon
Rodriguez, Celestino
Rodriguez, Pedro
Rodriguez, Regina
Romanillos, CanT.clino
Rosario, Filometia del
Rosario, Mariano del
Rubi, Honorato
Ruis, Juvenal
Saberon, Cleto
Saberon , Josefa
Sabiron, Ciriaca
Sabiron, M atca
Sabiron, Zacarias
Sabong, Rosa
Sadaya, Tionifacio
Sadaya, Cleto
Sadaya, Florentina
Sadaya, Pablo
Sadsad, Melchor
Samson, Miguel
Saniel, G audencio
Santos, Fausta de los
Sarmiento, Gregorio
Sarmiento, Isabelo
Sarreta, Vicente
Sarthan, Juan
Sator, Pilar
Sedeno, Eugenio
Sejas, Petrona
Selim, Fermina
Semio, Magdalena
Seno, Angel
Seno, Isabelo
Seno, Juana
Seno, Timol-o
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
3. 2455
3. 9760
.0855
2. 3208
.1367
.1328
.4925
7. 5625
.1562
26. 5828
.1600
8. 190s
.6315
9. 8045
2. 9700
. 0605
.0600
.0732
.0895
63. 9933
1.2052
4. 2025
. 0245
7. 4100
1. 0848
4. 6340
2.4317
. 0325
.0115
3. 0185
.4358
1. 5G67
3. 3390
.0853
.7942
.0400
1. 0860
30. 6533
.0990
.2902
.2283
.0627
.0510
.0258
.2217
.1235
.1318
. 4060
. 0620
. 2267
21. 1585
7. 5643
. 0352
. 3860
.3813
.9335
. 3742
. 0298
8. 7580
.2837
. 0843
. 0970
.4935
. 2342
. 1965
. 1358
. 0390
. 0270
. 0602
2. 0365
. 2373
.0885
.1495
13. 6192
Name of purchaser.
Banilad es^aic— Continued
Sevillana, Adriano ,
Smith, Bell& Co
Solon, Andrea
Solon, Aniceta ,
Solon, Apolinaria
Solon, Candida
Solon, Candido
Solon, Clemencia ,
Solon, Ernesta
Solon, Esteban
Solon, Eulaho
Solon, Irene
Solon, Isabel
Solon, Juan
Solon, Leoncio
Solon, Marcclo
Solon, Melchor
Solon, Praxf fies
Solon, Santiugo ,
Solon, Sani iago ,
Solon, Sergio
Solon, Silvestra
Solon, Sinforoza ,
Solon, Sofia
Solon, Zoilo
Son, Teodoro
Son, Pedro
Soque, Eueebio
Soquefio, Nicasio
Servilla, Franeisca ,
Sotto, Vicente ,
Suico, Celenia
Suico, Jose
Suson, Marcos
Suson, Melana
Suson, Teodora
Switzer, John M
Tallo, Genoveva
Tallo, Sabina
Tallo, Sotera
Tamyoc, Sebastian ,
Tan, Bonjuat
Tecson, Antero
Tecson, Bonifacio
Tejano, Pedro
Tenchaves, Macario
Teves, Mariano
Tihano, Adriano
Tito, Guillerma
Togono, Paulina
Tutoy, Bernardino
Tutoy, Brlgida
Tutoy, Juana
Tutoy, Salvador
Tudtud, Alberto
Tudtud, Felipe
Thdtud, Lope
Tudtud, Marta
Tufiacao, Florentina
Tupas, Vietorina
Ugat, Franeisca
Upington, C. D
Urgello, Vicente
Valle, Matias
Valle, Sofia
Vano, Jayme
Vargas, Teofisto
Velasquez, Crisanto
Velasquez, Gregorio
Velasquez, Hilario
Velasquez, Maximo
Velasquez', Serapia
Velazco, Manuel
Veles, Juan
Veles, Marcial
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
47.8563
6.6810
.0505
.0397
5.0085
.0740
8. 3438
.0382
.0653
1.6507
1.0583
.2100
.1825
2. 4655
.1287
.0668
6. 3160
.6632
.9800
.2623
6. 0557
2. 2693
.1705
.2445
5. 3127
.1588
.2032
.1130
2, 2070
.0143
.0647
8. 2673
.8935
.0457
.9393
.0690
20. 7407
.0838
. 1645
.1662
.7798
1. 1245
3. 7772
.2343
.0890
.0440
4. 4602
.0338
.0460
. 0467
6. 9303
4. 8787
4. 8100
5. 6783
.0582
.1385
.2778
.2727
.1053
.0187
.6728
2. 2005
3. 1325
18. 6760
.0255
3. 7670
.3945
4. 2792
7. 3125
2. 4683
1. 3867
.0708
.1545
3.6842
18. 0238
80
ABMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910 ^ showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
BarMad estate—Conthmed.
Vales, Teodoro
Veloso, Crispina
Veloso, Damiana
Villa, Teredo
Villalain, Jacinto
Villasqiiina, Anaslacio
Violango, Leon
Vinalon, Calixto
Vinalon, Potenciana
Vironga, Teoiista
Yap- Ankog : . .
Yap, Isidoria
Zalasar, llerm^genes
461 purchasers; 728 sales;
1,251.0725 acres.
Binagbag estate.
Alonso, Agii^l.in
Bautista, Kliceo
Bautisla, Federico
Bautista, Pedro
Cruz, Francisco ,
Cruz, Inocencia de la
Cruz, Leon de la
Cruz, Mateo de la
Cruz y Villarama, Pedro de la.
Cruz, Pedro de la (B)
Dionisio, Alejandro
Evangelista, Roberto
Guzman, A driano de
Guzman, Clara de
Herrera, Donato
Leuterio, Perfecto
Manabat, Eduardo
Manuel, Dionisio ,
Marcelo, Agnslin ,
Marcelo, Casimiro
Ongsioco, Damaso
Pascual, Miguela
Punzal, Maria
Ramos, Magdelena
Ramos, Miguel
Ramos^ Pablo
Ronquillo, Anacleto
Ronquillo, Fermin
Santiago, Rafael
Santos, Juan
Santos y Cruz, Juan de los
Santos, Miguel de los
Santos, Satnrnino
Soto, Andres de
Soto y Guzman, Antonio de. .
Tigas, Alejandra
Tigas, Dominga
Tigas, Eucebio
Villarama, A lejo
Villarama y Rivera, Juan
Villarama, M aria,
Yllescas, Jos(^
(42 purchasers; 49 sales;
27.9523 acres.)
Bifian estate,,
Avelina, Juana
Avendafio, Bernardo
Avendafio, Manncla
Avendafio, Tiniotea
Agremana, Dionicla
Aguilar, Norberto
Agulto, Valentin
Aiana, Francisca
Alberto, Filomcna , . . .
Alcabasa, Raymundo
Alcantara, Dionisia
Alcantara, Plo
Aldona, Valeriana
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
4. 8127
3. 6035
38. 1788
22. 3727
3. 8353
.3125
.0722
. ()3'.3
. 0257
.(11.32
. 1508
.0557
.0535
. O-idS
. 1430
. 2873
. (;i-'')0
.01^75
. Q>:n\\
. 1823
. I(i88
. f)l()5
. 7500
. 1095
.0883
.0720
. 03G8
. 1013
6. 3370
. 0550
. 1485
. 0830
10. 6023
.1043
1. 5555
. 2350
.2780
1. 4393
. 0390
. 0705
.4043
. 0905
. 0.)R8
. 3090
.1118
. 2508
. 0595
.0703
.0738
.0353
. 1238
.0845
. 1893
1. 5753
6. 0925
. 1138
. 1985
. 1495
. 1185
. 3122
.1870
.0788
. 1035
. 6290
. 1382
. 1453
.0945
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate — Continued.
Alecida, Eusebio
Alejandria, Anastasio
Alcroso, Eulalia
Alfonso, Bernardo
Alfonso, Cayet ana
Alfonso, Tyeoncia
Alfonso, lionmalda
Alios, Francisca
Aljarague, Juan
A llado, Petrona
Allado, Rufino
Alma, Emiteria
Almada, Herrno^':eMes
Almada, Isaix^la
Almada, Se^ri i ada
Almadin, Cirilo
Almadin, Francisco
Almadin, T>oronza
Almadin , Pelron a
Almadin, Sevorino
Almadin, Viccnta
AlmaliVl, Ron) ana
Almalves, Bcuto
Almalves, Julio
Almalves, M ariano
Almalves, W alea
Almalves, Sevorino
Almalves, I'orihia
Almanzor, Apolonio
Almanzor, Juana
Almanzor, Lucino
Almaria, Domingo
Almariego, Juan
Almariego, Leon
Almarines, Dalta/.ara
Alrnarines, Elena
Almarines, Felix
Almarines, Francisco
Almarines, Juan
Almarines, Maria
Almarines de Naval, Maria
Almarines, Maria
Almarines, Mateo
A Imarines, Nicasio
Almarines, Roman
Almarines, Sebastian
Ahnasan, Bernardo
A Imasan, Bonifacia
Almasan, Buenas-entura. ..
Almasan, Dionisia
Almasan, Estani iao
Almasan, Eugenia
Almasan, Fabiart
Almasan, Feliciano
Almasan, Juana
Almasan, Marcelo
Almasan, Maria
Almasan, Mariano
Almasan, M ateo
Almasan, Nazario
Almasarl, Pedro
Almasan, Severino
Almasan, Simeon
Almasan, Teodoro
Almasan, Isai4s
Almazon, Leoncia
Almazon, Sil veslra
Alroazona, Lino
Almazora, Eduviges
Almazora, I^eoncio
Almazora, Pedro
Almazora, Perfecto
Almazora, Rafael
Almeda, Antonia C
Almeda, Antonia
Almeda, Basilia
Almeda, Eduviges
Almeda, Escolastico
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
ADMIlSriSTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
81
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate-Contimied.
Almeda, Franeisca
Almeda, Gre^orio
Almeda, Jose
Almeda, Lamberlo
Almeda, Lorenzo
Almeda, Marciano
Almeda, Mariano
Almeda, Miguel
Almeda, Valcriano
Almeda, Vi(;enie
Almedilla, Jose
Almedilla, M arcelo
Almedina, Manuel
Almedina, Romana
Almenar, Alexandra
Almenar, Andrea
Almenor, Catalina
Almenor, Juana
Almenor, Maria
Almenasa, Apolonio
Almenasa, Bernardino
Almenasa, Domingo
Almenasa, Rufmo
Almendra, Francisco
Almendra, Ignacio
Almendra, Teodori* ,o
Almendra!, Agripiiio
Almendral, Andres
Almendral, Apoliuario
Almendral, Clemente
Almendral, GuilJermo
Almendral, Juliana
Almendral, Leoncia
Almendral, Mariano
Almendral, Narcisa
Almendral, Severina
Almendralo, Luisa
Almendralo, Segundo
Almero, Dionisia
Almero, Roman
Almonto, Maria
Almoro, Martin
Almoro, Paulina
Almoros, Andres
Almoros, Antera
Almoros, Bernab6
Almoros, cJiriaco
Almoros, Claro
ALmoros, Geroniina
Almoros, Juan
Almoros, I^^zaro
Almoros, Lino
Almoros, Macaria
Almoros Maria
Almoros, Pedro
Almoros, Saturnino
Almoros, Segunda
Almoros, Serapio
Almoros, Sotcra
• Almoros, Tom4s
Almoros, Isabel
Alod, Victoria
Aloloran, Pedro
Alomia, Ana
Alomia, Arcadio
Alomia, Carmen
Alomia, Daniel
Alomia, Elena
Alomia, Felicidad
Alomia, Felix
Alomia, Hilaria
Alomia, Joaquin
Alomia, Mateo
Alomia, Pedro
Alomia, Regina
Alomia, Victoria ,
Alon, Catalina ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
43. 5805
.0233
18. G187
2. C015
. 0630
. 0(598
.0817
.1608
.1275
.0485
.0762
. 4830
.1273
. 1065
6. 2687
19. 4915
.2113
.0430
. 1202
.2355
.1085
. 3053
. 0670
.0907
.2205
.0838
. 0960
. 1520
.2737
.1105
.0765
.1143
.2170
.2870
.0687
. 1265
.1535
.1010
. 1168
. 2457
.1825
2. 3975
.0700
.0473
.0697
.0848
.3342
. 1705
. 0685
8. 4673
.1487
.1013
13. 4767
11.4200
.2153
. 0495
7. 1582
. 4365
11. 0990
.0205
. 2743
. 1672
. 1998
. 0690
6. 5472
5. 7570
5. 7938
18. 6325
15. 1810
.0797
20. 5173
.1235
. 5162
.3438
.1275
.0412
.1595
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate—Continued.
Alon, Felix. . . ,
Alon, Monico
Alon, Paulino
Alon, Telesforo
Alonday, Estanislao
Alonde, Irineo
Alon OS, Simeona
Alonte, Catalina
Alonte, Hilarion
Alonte, Jacinto
Alonte, Jose
Aloquin, Kicardo
Alosa, Benigno
A losa, Eulogio
Alosa, Guillcrmo
Alosa, Julia
Alosa, Marcelino
Alosa, M atea
Alosia, Alejandro
Alosia, Maria
Altamira, Hilaria
Altares, Feliciana
Altares, Hugo
Altares, Ildefonso
Altares, Silvestre
Altares, Sixto
Altares, Vicente
Altea, Agustina
Altea, Julio M
Altejos, Catalina
Altes, Gregorio
Altesin, Marcela
Alto, Benita
Altura, Alipio
Altura, Leoncio
Altura, Procesa
Altura, Valentin a
Alumno, Estanislawa
Alumnos, Valentina
Alunos, Emeterio
Aluyon, Gabriel
Alvasa, Benito
Alvasa, Simedn
Alvarez, Sinforoso
A Izola, Mateo
Alzola, Moises
Alzona, Apollinaria
Alzona, Baldomera
Alzona, Buenaventura
Alzona, Demetria
Alzona, Dionisia
Alzona, Eugenia
Alzona, Feliza
Alzona, Florentina
Alzona, Geronimo
Alzona, Hugo
Alzona, Jacinto
Alzona, .Tos6
Alzona, Julio
Alzona, Justa
Alzona, .Tustito
Alzona, Leandro
Alzona, Mareola
Alzona, Maxima
Alzona, Rufina
Ama, Cesaria
Ama, Eduarda
Ama, Fernando
Ama, Ignacio
Ama, Lulsa
Ama, Matlas
Ama, Sergio
Amaba, Andres
A mean, Romualdo
Amatorio, Damiana
Amatorio, Espiridion
Amatorio, Juan
Parcels
pur-
cnased.
Area (in
acres).
82
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lar),ds, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Continued.
Ambal, Eusebio
Ambas, Candida
Ambas, Damaso
Ambas, Dominga
Ambas, Fernando
Ambas, Francisco
Ambas, Hermogenes
Ambas, Pedro
Ambas, Silvestre
Ambas, Victoria
Ambatan, Cristino
Ambe, Petrona
Ame, Braulio
Ame, Victor
Amerna, Froilan
Amerna, Maria
Amodento, Praxides
Amoranto, Arcadio
Amoranto, Calixta
Amoranto, Damaso
Amoranto, Demetria
Amoranto, Dominga
Amoranto, Escolasiico
Amoranto, Leon G
Amoranto, Maria
Amoranto, Maxima
Amoranto, Paulino
Amoranto, Pedro
Amoranto, Regina
Amoranto, Roberta
Amoranto, Roman G
Amoranto, Roman
Amoranto, Siiveria
Amoran to, '^I'ori bio
Amoranto, Victorino
Amoranto, Ysidro
Amorosa, Perfeeta
Amatorio, Norberto
Anajao, Felix
Anasao, Basilio
Angeles, Josofa
Angeles, Santiago
Antonio, Margarita
Antonio, I'aula
Apolinario, 1'oni4s
Aquino, Doroteo
Aquino, Salvadora
Arba, Victoria
Arcangel, Flaviano
Arcega, Florencia
Arcega, Lino
Arcega, Marciano
Arcin, Felix
Arcin, Juan
Arcin, Simona
Arcin, Vicenta
Arevalo, Eduarda
Arevalo, Marciano
Arevalo, Raymundo
Arguelles, Teodoro
Artes, Agai)ito
Asmlr, Apolinario
Austria, Florentina
Baylon,' Andres
Baylon, Bernarda
Baylon, Filomcna
Baylon, Florencio
Baylon, Josefa
Baylon, Simeon
Baldomero, Modesto
Banal, Juan
Banalan, Gregoria
Bancano, Perfecto
Bafiaga, Severina
Barroso, Andrea ,
Bartolome, Eduarda
Bartolome, Eugenio ,
Bartolome, Hilario
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.0570
. 1800
.0387
.1448
.0780
.2850
.1927
.6060
7. 3950
.1265
.1645
.1153
.3317
.1523
.1157
.0793
.1362
1.0798
.2475
.6250
8. 1392
.0440
.0820
24. 1330
20. 2370
.2143
. 1732
.0920
.2188
.0420
13.3280
56. 1180
22. 9778
. 0585
38. 5442
9. 0268
.0840
.2242
.3018
.0708
.0177
.0110
11. 88G0
17. 9848
. 28()0
.0520
. 0407
.4808
.1090
. 1077
3.6195
.1095
.0415
2. 8323
8. 2977
.1240
.1218
6. 0332
49. 1935
. 1240
. 2525
. 0780
.0510
.1075
6. 3938
. 0907
12. 9635
8. 7535
. 0885
.0113
4. 2587
.4715
. 0955
15.6168
.0150
.2925
.4732
.0788
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate—Contmned.
Bastiva, Balbina
Bastiva, Gerardo
Batil, L^zaro
Batilo, Agatona
Batisal, Leoncia
Bato, Dionisio
Bauan, Diego
Bauica, Candida
Bauica, Gavina
Bauica, Licorio
Bauica, Silvina
Bausa, Remigio
Bautista, Andrea
Bautista, Benito
Bautista, G liceria
Bautista, Isidoro
Bautista, Juan
Bautista, Lino
Bayabo, Eleuterio
Bayadan, Emiterio
Bayadan, Luisa
Bayadna, Andres
Bayanid, Brigido
Baj^anid, Epifania
Bayanid, Flipe
Bayanid, Florentino
Bayanid, Gaudeneio
Bayanid, Ignacio
Bayanid, Pedro
Bayanid, Sabina
Bayanid, Sil verio
Bayran, Cirilo
Bayran, Paula
Bayran, Sovero
Bayran, Vie! orino
Baysac, Andres
Baysac, Engenio
Baysac, Lazaro
Baysac, Riifino
Beabo, Candelaria
Beato, Teodorico
Beato, Isabel
Becas, Hipolito
Bedico, A lejandra
Bedico, Basilio
Bedico, Domingo
Bedico, Doroteo
Bedico, Romualdo
Bedico, Vito
Bedoya, Aguedo
Bedoya, Agustin
Bedoya, Raymundo
Bejusano, Ignacio
Bejusano, Julian
Bel^.n, Engenio
Bel6n, Isaac
Belen, Jos6
Belen, Juan
Belen, Teodorico
Belisario, Emiterio
Belisario, FstaTiislana
Belisario, Faustino
Belisario, Lorenza
Belisario, Paulina
15 el isario, Petrona
Belisario, Zoilo
Beltran, Bonifacia
Beltran, Babriela
Beltran, Petrona
Benjamin, Antonia
Benjamin, Antonio
Benjamin, Rosendo
Beriiano, Bonifacio
Bergenia, Benita
Bergonia, Estanislao
Bergenia, Felipa
Bermudes, Eulalia
Bermudas, Roman
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
0. 0810
.0812
.0810
.0645
.2088
.3697
.3073
17. 1692
.3253
.1457
.0665
.1798
.4427
4.8205
.1510
.4225
.1638
.1690
47. 5405
.1100
.1535
.0752
3. 8820
.2773
1. 6302
.1415
.1250
.1905
2. 1095
.1340
. 4963
. 1585
.1360
.1080
. 2035
.1730
.4840
1. 1380
.7372
15. 8183
. 1232
.0765
7. 1803
.1207
.1095
.3183
.3685
.0470
. 1237
.1208
. 5107
.1835
.3920
.2070
.2210
.3108
.1372
.0233
.1262
.2703
.4805
54. 8862
.0880
.2280
.3135
3. 4428
. 1395
.1900
.0287
.0698
.2717
3.6555
.0765
.0903
.0752
.1260
.3610
.6138
ABMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
83
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Binan esto^g— Continued.
Bermudes, Tomasa
Bersonda, Victoria
Besero, Francisca
Biay, Brigida
Biay, Silveria
Bicierro, Rosalia
Bicierro, Silvina
Bosja, Benigno de.
Buhay, Alejandro
Buhay, Mortin
Cadildiego, Mateo
Cadiliman, Macaria
Cahanac, Roberta
Calderon, Paula
Calson, Felix
Camarrillo, Tranquilina
Cangeo, Emiliano
Cangeo, Felina
Cangeo, Jose
Cangce, Sixta
Capili, Angel
Capili, Epifanio
Capili, Genoveva
Capili, Joaquin
Capili, Juan
Capili, Silvestre
Capili, Isidore
Capunitan, Basiiio
Capunitan, Epifanio
Capunitan, Inocencio
Capunitan, Justo
Capunitan, Leoncia
Capunitan, Margarita
Capunitan, Roperta
Capunitan, Tarciia
Capunitan, Tomasa
Capunitan, Toribio
Caquiputan, Regina
Cara, Dominga
Cara, Isidra
Cara Pedro
Cara, Siml'orosa
Caragay, Doroteo
Carajasan, Pedro
Carale, Anastasio
Carale, Clemente
Carale, Edilberto
Carale, Gregorlo
Carale, Juliana
Carale, Macario
Carale, Silvestra
Carales, Aguedo
Carales, Clemente
Carales, Ramon
Carallan, Daniel
Carahan, Lorenzo
Caramihan, Agustin
Caramihan, Ambrosia
Caramihan, Este])an
Caramihan, Gavino
Caramihan, Juana
Caramihan, Maria
Carampatan, Miguela
Carampatan, Pedro
Carampon, Basilio
Caran, Maxima
Caraon, Paula
Caratihan, Benigna
Caratihan, Cornelia
Caratihan, Eduarda
Caratihan, Lucio
Caratihan, Matea
Caratihan, Pablo
Caravana, Cesario
Caravana, Crecencia
Caravana, Florentina
Caravana, Francisca
Area (in
acres).
0.0580
3. 7850
.6707
. 1360
.1133
.1395
13.8135
.2120
.1455
.0677
.1085
.1928
.3420
.2805
3.2347
.0615
.5920
2.4140
9. 1805
5. 0025
.3070
.1743
.1880
.0625
11. 1045
.1845
. 1782
11.9575
. 4860
.3370
.2153
. 5992
.3055
.2963
.0745
.1755
.0347
.3370
.0425
.1445
.0523
.0530
.3993
.6797
.0570
.1077
.0905
.0735
.1193
.1123
.7732
.2128
.0817
. 0563
. 1065
. 0792
. 5963
.0155
. 0392
. 1125
3. 8910
.3330
. 1033
5. 3072
.0755
.0183
.2275
. 1572
.1125
3. 1448
.3240
.3897
.2953
6. 2035
.1442
.0798
.0152
Name of purchaser.
Binan stoig— Continued.
Caravana, Marcelina
Caravana, Mareiano
Caravana, Maria
Carayom, Fausta
Carayom, Francisca
Carayom, Lucia
Carayom, Manuel
Cardenal, Mariano
Cardoso, Juan
Cardosa, Mateo
Cardosa, Narcisa
Carencia, Apolinario
Cariliman, Tomas
Carino, Basilia
Carino, Catalina
Carino, Claudio
Carino, Crisanta
Carino, Felipe
Carino, Gaudencio
Carino, Isidro
Carino, Janua
Carino, Lorenza
Carino, Maria
Carino, Pablo
Carino, Pedro T
Carino, Venancia
Cariiio, Vicente
Cariquitan, Evarista
Cariquitan, Mannela
Cariquitan, Maria
Cariquitan, Sofia
Caritos, Daniel
Caritos, Leon
Carizo, Agapito
Carizo, Eugenia
Carizo, Rufino
Carizo, Sofia
Carizo, Tomas
Carlet, Enrique
Carlet, Miguel
Carlos, Cirilo A
Carola, Getrudes
Carola, Gregoria
Carola, Patricio
Carrasco, Jacinto
Carrasco, Matea
Carrasco, Mateo
Carrasco, Petrona A
Carrasco, Simeon
Carrasco y Almazon, Simeon
Carreon, Juan
Carrera, Alejandro
Carrera, Maria
Carrillo, Agapito
Carrillo, Clemente
Canillo, Miguela
Carrillo, Ramon
Carrillo, Santiago
Cartesiano, Francisco
Carunungan, Aniceto
Carunungan, Gavino
Carunungan, Geronimo
Carunungan, Leoncio
Carunun|?an, Modesto
Carunungan, Rom ana
Carunungan, Teodoro
Carunuiif an, Victoriano
Casabella, Ambrosio
Casabella, Canuto
Casabella, Clara
Casabella, Enumeriano
Casabella, Ildefonsa
Casabella, Cisenando
Casadillo, Mariano
Casamata, Gregorio
Casamata, Hugo
Casamata, Jose
Parcels
gur-
ased.
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
2
2
7
1
1
2
1
18
2
1
2
1
2.
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
7
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
1
3
1
2
1
1
6
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
Area (In
acres).
0.2420
.3873
3. 7517
.0815
.0728
.0985
.2200
.2230
.1060
.0590
.2642
8. 5553
.1905
.0517
.2145
21. 1482
7. 2958
8. 0017
7. 2460
20. 1885
.0188
.1625
2.8677
.0460
52.6710
.3078
10.0475
4. 1720
.0647
10. 7955
23. 5700
.0703
.1417
.1548
.1170
.2007
.1493
.3732
.2943
25. 6647
2.1400
.5890
.1905
.1737
.1750
.3473
.2013
.3670
.1000
.0582
.0455
.0315
.1473
. 1220
11. 1067
2.8408
.7745
9. 4540
.0900
.0742
.0302
.0575
15.0268
.1645
.2035
.1735
.0395
.2915
.1565
.0927
.3668
.0500
.1892
1.2318
.6552
7. 1743
84
ADMIKISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Continued
Casamata, Julio
Casainas, Josefa
Casano, Apolinario
Casano, Eiilalia
Casano, Isidore
Casas, Mariano
Casaysayan, Agaton
Casaysayan, Benedict©
Casaysayan, Cosine
Casaysayan, Fabian
Casaysayan, Vicente
Casbadillo, Nazario
Casbadillo, Segunda
Casiban, Daniel
Casiguran, Apolonia
Casihan, Marta
Casilag, Juan
Casilag, Luisa
Casilag, Macaria
Casilag, Macaria C
Casilag, Ignacia
Casin, Saturnino
Casintahan, Felicidad
Casintasinta, Enrique
Casisola, Francisca
Casopa, Cipriana
Castillo, Ce^ario del
Castillo, Procesa
Castrillo, Anacleta
Castrillo, Gonoveva
Castrillo, Narcisa
Castrillo, Pelagio
Castrillo, Policarpia
Castrillo, Tomasa
Castro, Calixtra de
Castro, Esteban de
Castro, Ladislaua de
Castro, Marcela de
Castro, Mariano de
Castro, Marta de
Castro, Siniplicio
Castro, Simioroso
Castro, Valentina de
Casubha, Adriano
Casubha, Pablo
Casubuan, Agueda
Casubuan, Ansel ma
Casubuan, Arcadio
Casubuan, Ceferino
Casubuan, Francisco
Casubuan, Honoiio
Casubuan, Saturnino
Casubuan, Simeon
Casubuan, Valentin
Casunuran, Agaplio
Casunuran, Monico
Casunuran, Pablo
Casunuran, lYoceso
Casunuran, Teodora
Casupang, Cirila
Casupang, Diega
Casuayan, Raymundo
Catada, Juana
Catada, Simplicia
Catada, Isidora
Cayetano, Mateo
Cayraul, tlufma
Cerdefla, Florencia
Cerdefia, Leoncio
Cerdefia, Macaria
Cardefla, I 'edro
Cerdefia, Cerapia
Cervantes, Tranquilino
Chavaria, Eugenio
Chuacoco, Valentin
Cuco, Maria
Claros, Mamerta ,
Clemente, Regina
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area ( n
acres).
0. 2195
.2033
1. 5405
.1022
41. 6665
.0913
.3507
.2653
.6575
.0500
.1860
.1445
.0752
. 2138
.1340
.1107
.1203
.1480
.0317
.0803
. 0503
. 2302
.1763
.0885
.0490
.0602
. 6365
.0658
.3655
23. 5527
.0998
.0435
.0750
.6655
6.1000
.0920
.0735
.0555
8. 7107
.0608
.1565
.2697
5. 4213
1. 1510
.2837
.0430
.6743
.0817
.1008
. 6385
.1740
. 0817
, 1613
. 1155
.4567
.0655
. 3308
2. 3370
.0885
. 0000
.0395
. 4317
. 0985
7. 5075
. 3688
.1527
. 0658
.0885
.0810
. 0875
. 3160
. 0657
9. 5113
.5777
.1580
.2198
. 1065
.1617
Name of purchaser.
Bin an estate— Continued
Colico, Joaquina
Ooncepcion, Eugenio
Concepcion, Justo
Concepcion, Maximo
Cortes, Diego A
Cruz, Adriano F
Cruz, Agapito de la
Cruz, Ambrosio de la
Cruz, Crisanta F
Cruz, Fabian de la
Cruz, Guillermo de la
Cruz, Juliano de la
Cruz, Leoncio de la
Cruz, Sixto de la
Cruz, Isidora F
Credo, Severino
Credo, Teodoro
Crisologo, Manuela
Crisologo, Mariano
Crisostomo, Juliana
Deada, Cenon
Deada, Eugenio
Deada, Felicidad
Deada, Maria
Deada, Teodora
Defante, Agnstin
Defante, Eulalio
Defanto, Francisca
Defante, Josefa
Defante, Julian
Defante, Juliana
Defante, Leoncia
Dejan, Camila
Demiroque, Norberta
Deseo, Angel
Dialogo, Feliciana
Dialogo, Feliciano
Dialogo, Flaviano
Dialogo, liorenzo
Dialogo, Mamerta
Dialogo, Pio
Dicdican, Marta
Dicdican, Narcisa
Dicdican, Saturnina
Didelis, Geronima
Dilag, Ana .'
Dilag, Arcadia
Dilag, Graciana
Dilla, Alfonso
Dilla, Aniceto
Dilla, Isabel
Dilla, Mauricio
Dimaguila, Mariano
Dimaranan, Agapita
Dimaranan, Basilia
Dimaranan, Basilio
Dimaranan, Carlos
Dimaranan, Damaso
Dimaranan, Feli pa
Dimaranan, Gregoria
Dimaranan, Juana
Dimaranan, Eeonora
Dimaranan, Pablo
Dimaranan, Pedro
Dimaranan, Simeona
Dime, Leodegaria
Dimillo, Zacarias
Dili gal, Gabina
Diocno, Manuel
Dios, Aniceta de
Dios, Marcela de
Dios, Mariano de
D ios, Pascuala de
Disonglo, Benlta
Disonglo, Filoteo
Disonglo, Gertrudes
Disonglo, Lucio
Disonglo, Pedro
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0. 0920
.0465
.1667
.1420
.0772
.4503
.1348
.0620
17. 4817
.1590
.0298
.1090
.1775
.0437
.4138
.0672
.0785
46. 5573
.0822
.0718
7. 5185
.0737
.1265
.1255
.0850
.3753
.3610
.0702
.0708
.1220
.1445
.1150
.2255
.1887
.2752
.1555
.1783
.3683
.2807
.2445
.2398
.0552
.1133
.0567
.0805
.0940
.0913
.1080
.2975
.1677
. 0635
.1785
.2918
7. 1152
39. 8895
. 0730
. 4043
.1442
41.3065
. 1615
7. 6920
.8180
. 3458
. 3840
. 0340
.0.537
.1448
.2422
.0145
3. 5253
. 6778
.1157
.1290
10. 1408
5. 2055
. 3847
.0948
.0765
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS,
85
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day o^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate—Continm^d.
Disonglo, Perpetuo
Diungco, Inocencio
Diungco, Maximo
Ducleina, Mamerto
Duero, Valentin . .
Elambo, Gavino
Enciso, Anselma
Enciso, Florentina
Encomio, Florentina
Encomio, Gavino
Endrinal, Maria
Enriqiiez, Francisco
Enriquez, Marcelina
Enriqiiez, Pelicarxna
Enriquez, Victoriana
Erise, Simeon
Eriste, Celedofio
Erispe, Julian
Escafio, Cirilo
Escano, Martin
Escano, Pablo
Escarte, Felix
Escuadro, Eugenio
Escuadro, Lina
Escuadro, Narciso
Escuadro, Pedro
Escudoro, Melecio
Escueta, Angela
Escueta, Francisco
Escueta, Leoncio
Escueta, Lucas
Espejo, E varisto
Espeio, Juliana
Espeleta, Juana
Espeleta, Pablo
Espeleta, Sabas
Espeleta, Timotso
Espelardo, Gregorio
Espinili, Bernardino
Espinili, Juan
Espinili, Romana
Espinosa, Basilia
Espinosa, Calixto
Espinosa, Genaro
Espinosa, Numeriano
Espirito, Pedro
Estanislao, Sevcrino
Evangelista, Basilia
Evangelista, Fausto
Evangelista, Felix
Evangelista, Fernanda
Faraon, Doroteo
Faraon, Escolastico
Faraon, Fabiano
Faraon, Felipa
Faraon, Felix
Faraon, Isidoro
Faraon, Juan
Faraon, Marcelo
Faraon, Maxima
Faraon, Riifma
Faraon, Victoriano
Faraon, Isabel
Fernandez, Braulio
Fernandez, Felipe
Fernandez, Juan
Fernandez, Lulsa
Fernandez, Rafael
Feliclano, Clara
Feliciano, Eugenio
Ferguson, Frank J
Ferrer, Santos
Flores, Dionisia
Flores, Fabian
Flores, Jacoba
Flores, Leoncia
Flores, Martin
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
1.2772
.2085
.1270
.0988
.0847
.1493
.0717
.0640
.4770
.1375
. 1380
41.7103
7. 2945
. 3450
13. 4977
.0828
. 1327
.2078
. 1450
12. 0215
.2007
. 0615
.1920
. 2375
.0515
5. 5315
.0805
.0487
. 0568
. 1557
. 0765
.1320
.3435
. 0353
.0602
.0357
. 0323
. 1560
.1530
.3290
. 1563
5. 7892
6. 3488
.0950
.1715
.0300
.0442
19. 1363
.0505
.0950
7. 3015
. 0603
. 1425
13. 3207
.0535
.2560
. 2760
. 1363
.0712
.2090
.0770
. 1578
.0892
. 1933
.1115
3. 9102
.0875
.6165
7. 9055
6.0330
325. 5088
.2902
12. 72(>8
3.3297
.0985
.2205
.1913
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Continued
Francisco, Carmen
Francisco, Jacinto
Garcia, Ambrosio
GajTcia, Angela .
Garcia, Basilic .. .
Garcia, Benedicto
Garcia, Camila
Garcia, Cornelio
Garcia, Gonzalo
Garcia, Juan (Pob)
Garcia, Juan (De la Paz). .
Garcia, Julia
Garcia, Marcos ,
Garcia, Mariano . . ,
Garcia, Nicoiasa
Garcia, Pablo ,
Garcia, Pio ,
Garcia, Romualdo
Garcia, Sergia
Garcia, Vicente ,
Gallardo, Tomas ,
Gallego, Clara
Gallego, Feliciano
Gana, Angela
Gana, Ciriaco ,
Gana, Eduardo
Gana, Filomeno O
Gana, Jesualdo
Gana, Maria A
Gana, Mariano
Gana, Rosa
Garganda, Agaton
Garganda, Valentin
Gedaye, Isabel ,
German, Consorcia
German, Fernando
German, Vicenta
Gerodian, Trinidad ,
Gicana, Anacleto
Gicana, Eugenia
Gicana, Eusebia
Gicana, Fabian ,
Gicana, Ines
Gicana, Modesto
Gicana, Romualdo
Gonzaga, Leoncia ,
Gonzaga, Maria
Gomez, Isidra
Gomez, Paulina
Gomez, Victorino ,
Gonzales, Adriana ,
Gonzales, Angel
Gonzales, Angela
Gonzales, Ancelma ,
Gonzales, Carlos ,
Gonzales, Catalino ,
Gonzales, Eduardo
Gonzales, Eugenia
Gonzales, Felipa ,
Gonzales, Felisa ,
Gonzales, Francisca
Gonzales, Francisco ,
Gonzales, Hilarion
Gonzales, Josefa
Gonzales, Juliana
Gonzales, Lazaro
Gonzales, Marcela
Gonzales, Marcelo
Gonzales, de Mata Maria..,
Gonzales, Mariano Z
Gonzales, Nicasia. ,
Gonzales, Pedro
Gonzales, Sixta
Gonzales, Tito ,
Gonzales, Tomas ,
Granado, Bernabe
Granado. Damiana ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0.4197
38.8640
.0800
.1158
7. 7710
.2827
8.9750
18. 1023
10. 1490
20. 1867
.0373
.0755
8. 5040
.0597
.3368
.0820
.1010
.1452
38. 5380
14.9833
.0685
.0370
. 0390
.2625
73. 8590
31.3077
88. 8875
7.9738
88. 1327
.6817
.4605
.6405
.2083
. 3360
15. 3978
9.6067
14. 4478
.3670
.3135
.5385
.1667
.2313
.1685
.2167
.1860
. 1665
.1575
3. 8770
.1443
.0572
36. 6793
.0855
9. 7877
.1033
.1130
.3567
.0768
.0492
.5110
.0788
.0870
.2882
1. 3933
.1285
.1165
19. 1765
.0775
.0372
8. 2493
. 2602
21.9845
.3360
.3368
.0260
.2588
.2893
.6825
86
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Bifian estate— Continued.
Guerrero, Vicenta
Guevara, Fabiana
Guico, Agapito . .
Guico, Anastacio
Guico, Aurea ...
Guico, Braulio ...
Guico, Calixta
Guico, Claro
Guico, Fernando
Guico, Florentino
Guico, Francisco . . ,
Guico, Graciano . .
Guico, Ignacio
Guico, Josefa
Guico, Justa
Guico, Leoncia
Guico, Pedro
Guico, Ilegino
Guico, Sinforoso
Guzman, Anastasia
Guzman, Bibiana de
Guzman, Cirila de
Guzman, Faustina de
Guzman, Felipe de . .
Guzman, Francisco de —
Guzman, Zacarias de
Hermosa, Benita
Hernandez, Gregorio
Herrera, Juliana
Hilaga, Leon
Infante, Andres , .
Infante, Antonio
Infante, Pablo .
Injornio, Cornelio
Inmenso, Pedro
Insorio, Doroteo
Jacinto, Martin
Jaojoco, Justiniano
Jaurigue, Apolonia
, Jaurigue, Balbina . .
Jaurigue, Bonifacia
Jaurigue, Claro .
Jaurigue, Gregorio
Jaurigue, Jos6 .
Jaurigue, Marcelo
Javier, Catalino
Javier. Emigdio
Javier, Jos^.
Javier, Romualda
Javier, Sotero
Jibuan, Rufina
Jimena, Isidora
Jimenez, Aniceto
Jimenez, Martina
Jimenez, Prime
Jimenez, Saturnine
Joaquin^ Bernardino
Jocson, Eveoncia
Jocson, Rufina
Jordan, Bartola
Juson, Barbara
Juson, Josefa
Juson, Macario
Juson, Maria
Juson, Pelagia
Juson, Vicente
Lacanpueflga, Eistanislao.
Lara, Ambrosio .
Larcada, Narciso
Lasaga, Felix
Lascano, Cirilo
Lascano, Francisca
Lascano, Tomasa
Lastima, Aquilina
Lastima, Francisca
Lastima, Mamerta
Lastima, Vitaliano
Latag, Petronila
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0. 3290
.1400
.0380
.1480
.1237
2. 8770
.0830
.0472
36. 3113
31. 7365
.5215
.1848
6. 7747
5. 3557
.1180
.0952
40. 0442
.1048
31.0985
. 3350
.1190
.0945
.0710
.3010
3. 2965
.1850
.2055
. 2600
.1510
.0982
2. 6820
.2025
.3127
.3168
.1540
.2595
.2280
90. 5965
.0710
.0923
.0500
3. 6722
.1105
.0978
7. 6622
.1140
.1418
.0652
.1710
.0465
.0420
.1030
.0793
.5332
.0630
24. 7203
.2260
.2847
.2780
.0885
.0880
.0742
.0895
.0313
.1048
.0952
.1720
.2290
.3017
.1443
.1493
1. 0852
.0630
6. 3723
.0730
.0740
.0582
.4450
Name of purchaser.
Binan este^e— Continued.
Latagan, Raymundo
Lauas, Alejandra ,
Lauas, Arcadio ,
Lauas, Bonifacia
Lauas, Toribia
Lanchangco, Teresa
Laureola, Vicente
Lavador, Benedicto
Lavilla, C4ndido
Lavilla, Perfecto
Layacan, Dorotea
Layacan, Ignacio
Layacan, Juan
Layacan, Severino
Layao, Cervasio
Layao, Mariano
Layog, Deogracias
Layos, Dalmacio
Layos, Natalio
Layos, Pedro
Layos, Roberto . .
Layos, Sergio
Layugan, Tomas
Lazareto, Santiago
Lazcano, Nazario .
Leafio, Pio
Legasto, Mauricio
Legasto, Pedro
Legasto, Petrona
Legasto, Silverio
Lejos, Maria de
Le6n, Pastor L. de
Ledn, Pedro L. de
Lerpido, Anastasia
Lerpido, Bonifacio
Lerpido, Margarita
Lerpido, Patricio
Lerpido, Santiago
Lerpido, Severe
Lerpido, Tiburcio
Leyva, Anacleto
Leyva, Barceliza
Leyva, Basilla
Leyva, Cosme
Leyva, Eleno
Leyva^ Esteban
Leyva, Melecio
Leyva, Pedro
Leyva, Petrona
Ligaya, Anastasio
Ligaya, Aquilino
Ligtas, Josefa
Lijanco, Emilia
Lim, Rosario de
Limcanco, Francisco . . .
Limcanco, Paulina
Lim.ciangco, Pelagia
Limciangco, Tito
Limcanco, Valentina . . .
Limosnero, Bibiana
Ltmosnero, Bonifacia...
Limosnero, Ceferino
Limesnero, Escolastico ,
Limosnero, Justita
Limosnero, Maria
Limosnero, Santos
Limosnero, Simona
Liuanag, Antonina
Liuanag, Jose
Liuanag, Martin
Lontoc, Mamerta
L6pez, Francisco
L6pez, Le<5n
L6pez, Lorenzo
L5pez, Lorenzo (old) , . .
L6pez, Mariano
L6pez, Matea
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
87
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July ^ 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Binan estate— Coniinned..
L<5pez, Pedro
Loyola, Bonifacia de. . .
Loyola, Calixta de
Lumagui, Francisco . . .
Lumagui, Rufina
Luna, Rufina de
Magante, Juan
Magante, Regino
Magcale, Apolonia
Magcale, Camilo
Magcale, Francisco
Magcale, Martin
Magno, Anacleto
Mahalin, Policarpo
Maloma, Santiago
Malona, Valeriano
Manabat, Crispina
Manabat, Teodorico. . .
Manabat, Ysidoro
Manalaysay , Juan
Mance, Alejandra
Mance, Anastacio
Mance, Antonia
Mance, Estanislao
Mance, Hospicia
Mance, Justo
Mance, Maria
Mance, Patricio
Mance, Rufino
Mance, Santiago
Mance, Isabel
Manila R. R. Co
Manzo, Buenaventura.
Manzo, Dolores
Manzo, Gerarda
Manzo, Gervasia
Manzo, Jose
Manzo, Lorenzo
Manzo, Ponciano
Manzo, Rosenda
Manzo, Rufina
Manzo, Tecla
Manzo, Zacarias
Mapanoo, Placido
Maqui, Teresa
Maranan, Augustin
Maranan, Domingo
Maranan, Gregoria
Maranan, Juliana
Maranan, Mateo
Maranan, Severino
Marano, Casimera
Marasigan, Gregoria . . .
Maravilla, Basilio
Maravilla, Leocadia
Marbella, Rafael
Marceliana, Feliciano..
Marceliana, Jacobina. .
Marcilla, Domingo
Marcilla, Francisca
Marcilla, Jacinto
Marcilla, Marcelo
Marcilla, Monico
Marco, Eugenia
Marco, Eusebio
Marfil, Daniel
Marm,Eladio
Marfil, Gregoria
Marfil, Isidore
Marfil, Magdalena
Marfil, Norberta
Marfil, Rosendo
Marfil, Tormas
Marfil, Victoriano
Marfori, Filomena
Marfori, Potenciana
Margallo, Antonio
Mariquit, Cristobal
Area (in
acres).
0. 1235
.2630
3. 55G5
10. 0545
8. 1723
.4137
2. 8618
21. 0785
12. 8672
8. 0238
.0342
.1720
. 1077
. 2617
.0797
. 1203
. 0623
1.3162
.1275
.0298
.0482
.0833
.1035
. 3683
.2770
9. 9060
10. 7020
.3825
. 0525
. 0605
. 3970
33. 1838
12. 2325
8. 3998
7.4640
.1222
3. 3015
.0772
1. 4653
. 0370
4. 6870
. 0837
7. 0140
.1243
.0890
. 1858
. 1()05
7. 9620
. 0097
10. 2283
1. 2460
.2485
.1317
. 1495
.2513
15. 1880
.1390
.0997
.0928
. 0862
.1497
. 1388
.0755
1. 0250
.2288
. 2060
. 0380
.0870
.0805
4. 4610
5. 9497
.2025
4. 9270
.1185
23. 3620
15. 1690
.1003
.0850
Name of purchaser.
Binan gs^a^g— Continued
Marquez, Feliciano
Marquez, Isidro
Marquina, Jose ,
Marquina, Julio
Marquina, Marcelino ,
Marquina, Vicenta
Masangcay , Antero
Masangcay, Antonio ,
Masangcay, Eligio ,
Masangcay, Josd ,
Masangcay, Maria
Masangcay, Ygnacio
Masusi, Gregoria
Mata, Antonina de
Mata, Cirilo de
Mata, Fabian de
Mata, Jorge de
Mata, Pablo de
Mata, Perfecta de
Matauaraw, SS,ntiago
Maulit, Juan ,
Martinez, Clemencia
Medalia, Edilberta
Medina, Marcelo
Medina, Teodora
Medina, Victorina
Medina, Victorina ,
Medina, Vietorio
Melgar, Juanita
Mendiola, Augustina
Mendiola, Flaviano
Mendiola, Rosalio
Menguito, Cornelio
Menguito, Le6n
Menguito, Raymundo
Mercado, Balbino
Mercado, Benita
Mercado, Buenaventura . . .
Mercado, Cirilo
Mercado, Eugenia
Mercado, Eugenio
Mercado, Faustina
Mercado, Isidro
Mercado, Juliana
Mercado, Justo
Mercado, Macaria
Mercado, Marcas
Mercado, Maxima
Mercado, Modesto
Mercado, Primo
Mercado, Rufino
Mercado, Saturnine
Mercado, Serapio
Mercado, Silvestra
Mercado, Timoteo Y
Mercado, Tomds
Mercado, Tomasa
Mercado, Vincente
Mendoza, Carmen
Mendoza, Clemente
Mendoza, Justito
Mendoza, Justo
Mendoza, Margarita
Mendoza, Maria
Mendoza, Romualdo
Mendoza, Sixto
Miranda, Cecilio
Miranda, Crispina
Miranda, Damaso
Miranda. Dionicia
Miranda, Elena
Miranda, Elias
Miranda, Genaro
Miranda, Gregorio
Miranda, Hemiogines
Miranda. Irineo
Mirandai Irtueo
Miranda, Juana
Parcels . ^^„ ..
pur- ^^^a (*»
chased. *cres).
0. 1615
.0997
.0795
.1235
10. 4200
7.7040
.1243
.1047
17. 4400
7. 3805
.1340
.4208
.0995
.4592
L9863
.0542
.0913
21. 8030
14. 8730
. 1380
.3920
.0755
18. 9887
.1953
21. 5287
.1285
.1665
.8825
.0738
.1490
.2427
.0293
.1377
.4475
.0868
.3566
.0815
.0790
.0727
.2218
.3502
.0888
.0440
.1470
.1772
.0675
24. 3275
.2595
.0983
.0207
.0660
.3100
.0740
.0973
17.7172
.0975
.0848
. 1392
6. 6593
.1675
.2957
1. 5163
8.0232
.37.53
. 2627
.0747
12. 1763
4.9237
.0757
.1023
.1457
.4470
.3233
.0450
.1710
.0427
5
35.6873
2
.3485
88
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar landsy to include the 31st day of July^ 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
BiMn estate— ConiiimQ^.
Miranda, Jiista
Miranda, Laureana ....
Miranda, Laureana
Miranda, Leandro
Miranda, Marcelo
Miranda, Modesto
Miranda, Nicolas
Miranda, Sergia
Miranda. Trinidad.
Miranda, Valeriano
Miranda, Vicente
Molina, Celedona - -
Molina, Narcisa
Montafies, Apolonio
Montafies, Cesareo
Montafies, Crispulo
Montafies, Eusebio ....
Montafies, Juana
Morales, Donata
Morales, Eugenio
Morales, Gregorio
Morales, Macaria
Morales, Mariano
Morales, Victoriano
Municipality of Binan
Naval, Emiteria
Naval, Faustino
Naval, Faustino
Naval, Felix
Naval, Geronimo
Naval, Jos6
Naval, Josefa
Naval, Juana
Naval, Nazario
Naval, Sergio
Naval, Toni4s
Nello, Silverio
Nielo, Regino
Nielo, Tiburcio
Nisola. Modesto
Nolasco, Tomasa
Nulat, Ciriaoo
Obispo, Lucia
Ocampo, Adriano
Ocampo, Dionisia
Ocampo, Edilberto
Ocampo, Gregorio
Ocampo, Isabel
Ocampo, Jos6
Ocampo, Lorenzo de
Ocampo, Marcelo
Ocampo, Ram6n
Ocampo, Rora&n de
Ocboa, Andr6s
Ochoa, Cesaria
Odon, Primo
Oliveros, Isidoro
Oliveros, .Tos6
Ordofies, Leocadio
Fabalan, Cecilia
Pabalan, Grenorio
Pabalan, Guillerma
Pabalan, Rufino
Pabalan, Segunda
Padua, Catalina
Padua, Estanislao L
Padua, Francisca
Padua, Gerarda
Padua, Le6n
Padua, Lucas
Padua, Perfecta
Pagtachan, Joaquin
Paguia, Cirilo
Palermo, Maria
Palma, Mariano
Papa, Eulalia
Paradina, GHcerla
Paradina, Maria
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.0807
8.6643
.1182
.1220
15.6073
13.0735
.1812
.2020
6.5143
.0330
. 1322
.1710
5. 4400
.3465
.7478
.6305
.0787
.2375
. 1718
.1520
6. 5102
.1195
.1233
.1623
1.1825
.6970
.2537
.4705
.1330
.1490
.0955
.0308
.1022
.2628
.0725
.0667
.8032
. 1370
.3680
11.2685
1.3833
. 4030
.0373
.0942
.1500
16. 6285
.3765
78. 7633
10. 0670
1. 1615
. 32G0
30. 5185
. 0572
.0725
.0703
. 2785
. 0475
. 1252
. 1433
. 1795
. 1810
.0615
.0807
.0798
69. 8127
13. 3738
14. 1340
.0922
. 4033
13. 0622
. 0P23
. 05(^5
. 0787
16. 4798
2.7057
.1155
9. 1020
.0868
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate — Continued.
Paradina, Severino
Paranete, Lazaro
Parao^ Ciriaco
Parati, Justo
Parcon, Antero
Parcon, Baldomera
Parcon, Faustino
Parolina, Eulalia
Parolina, Severo
Pascasio, Apolonia
Pascasio , Felipe
Pascasio, Juan
Pascasio, Macaria
Pascasio, Rufina
Pascasio, Teodora
Pascual, Calixta
Pascual, Juliana
Pascual, Ildelonsa
Paular, Estanislao
Paulin, Sertria
Paz, Josefa de la
Pecafia, Rupert^
Pena, Anioeta
Pena, Apolonio
Pena, Bartolome
Pena, Bacelisa
Peiia, Damaso
Pena, Francisca
Pena, Leonarda
Pefta, Ramon
Perlas, Pablo
Perez, Pabiana
Perez, Francisca
Perez, Rufino
Ponce, Antonio
Ponce, Joacjuin
Ponce, Jose
Potenciano, Bernardina.
Potenciano, Carmen
Potenciano, Felix
Potenciano, Florencio . . .
I^otenciano, Francisco . . .
I'oteneiano, Isidro
Potenciano, Pablo
Potenciano, Paula
Presbitero, Francisco
Proceso, I^orenza
Protasio, Isabela
Purificasion, Leonila
Quintos, Engracio
Quiogilag, Angel
Quiogilag, Braulio
Quisiquisi, Anastasio
Quisiquisi, Fortunata. . .
Quisiquisi, Gaspar
Quisiquisi, Regmo
Ramirez, Aleja
Ramirez, Anastacio
Ramos, Dionisia
Ramos, Domingo
Ramos, Eulalia
Raymtmdo, Arcadio
Requinto, Justiniana
Revilla, Francisca
Revilla, Magdalena
Reyes, Ambrosio
Reyes, Aniceta
Reyes, Bernardo
Reyes, Catalina
Reyes, Ciriaco
Reyes, Crisanto
Reyes, Domingo
Reyes, Doroteo
Reyes, Eligio
Reyes, Eusebia.
Reyes, Felipe
Reyes, Francisco
Reyes, Gerarda
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
89
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, shovjing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — ContinTied.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Continned.
Reyes, Gregoria de los
Reyes, Gregoria
Reyes, Gregorio ,
Reyes, Gregorio, in commu-
nity with sister and brother,
Reyes, Hilarion
Reyes, Isidro
Reyes, Juan
Reyes, JuHana
Reyes, Juliana de los
Reyes, Leoncia ,
Reyes, Lucia
Reyes, Marciano
Reyes, Maria
Reyes, Mariano
Reyes, Matea
Reyes, Melecio
Reyes, Modesta
Reyes, Modesto ,
Reyes, Petrona ,
Reyes, Ramon
Reyes, Rufina ,
Reyes, Severino
Reyes, Telesfora ,
Reyes, Tomasa ,
Rianzares, Ana B
Ricafor, Pedro
Riofrio, Clara
Riofrio, Engracia ,
Riofrio, Francisca ,
Riofrio, Manuel ,
Riomalos, Teodora
Rivera, Cesario
Rivera, Leoneia
Rivera, Silvino
Rivera, Tom^s
Rivera, Valentin
Rizal, Conon
Rizal, Mercado Felipa
Rosa, Canuto de la
Rosa, Matea Santa ,
Rosario, Alejandra ,
Rosario, Catalino del
Rosario, Escolastico del
Rosario, Hospicio del
Rosario, Sabas ,
Rosas, Macaria de
Roxas, Jos(5
Roxas, Justo
Roxas, Regino
Roxas, Salvadora ,
Rubio, Engracia
Salandanan, Dionicio
Salandanan, Eustacjuio
Salandanan, Francisca
Salandanan, Irinea
Salandanan, Isidora
Salandanan , Lucia
Salandanan, Manuel ,
Salandanan, Marcelino
Salandanan, Mariano
Salandanan, Modesto ,
Salandanan, Pedro
Salandanan, Simeon
Salandanan, Simona
Salandanan, Teodoro
Salaysay , Juan
Salomon, Francisca
Salomon, Vicente
Salonga, Victoriano
Samaniego, Aristdn
Samaniego, Jos^.
Samson, Alejandro
Samson, Doroteo
Samson, Felix
Samson, Gavino
Samson, Juan T . . .
Samson. Justo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
0. 2240
.0872
.1748
.0782
3. 4995
7. 2G70
.9110
.1183
.0677
.0868
10. 2695
.7187
31.0575
.8083
.1185
.3090
.0775
27. 6855
. 1610
.1975
.1352
.2418
.0476
.0458
14. 2358
.1003
.1137
6. 3530
.0728
.1427
.0903
.4322
.0423
.3945
.3102
.0735
. 1858
52. 0955
.2275
.3582
5.7895
.1893
.0892
.0373
. 1525
. 4635
.0940
. 2145
.0822
8. 0948
7. 6835
10.5250
.3147
.1218
.1152
. 1248
. 1345
.0495
. 1457
.7843
.1842
. 0668
..0772
.2043
. 2247
5.4108
. 1060
. 6435
. 1285
.1215
. 1295
. 1415
.1785
.1420
1. 7542
. 1933
. 1585
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Contiimed.
Samson, Macaria
Samson, Martin
Samson, Maximiana ,
Samson, Salome
Samuel, Guillermo
Sanchez, Andres
Sanchez, A nice to
Sanchez, Dominga
Sanchez, Epifania
Sanchez, Estanislao
Sanchez, Maximo
Sanchez, Nicolas
Sanchez, Pablo
Sanchez, Pantaleon
Sanchez, Pio
Sanchez, Rosendo
Sanchez, TomAs
Sanchez, Toribia
Santi, Ililario
Santiago, Guillermo
Santos, Andres de los
Santos, Ciriaca de los
Santos , Felix de los
Santos, Jorge de los
Santos, de Lejos, Jos6
Santos, Juan de los
Santos, Maximina de los..
Santos, Venancia de los...
Santos, Vicente de los
Sarasa, Macaria
Sarasa, Ysidoro
Sarmiento, Euloglp
Sarmiento, Francisco
Sarmiento, Leocadia
Sarmiento, LuLsa
Sarmiento, Numeriano
Sarmiento, Pablo
Saual, Severo
Saual, Simplicio
Saual, Vicenta
Savillo, Antonino
Seguerra, Crispulo
Seguerra, E stanislaua ,
Seguerra, Ignacio
Seguerra, Juan
Seguerra, 1 /Uisa ,
Seguerra, Simi)licio
Segui, Lazara ,
Segui, Victor ,
Segui, Victoriano
Scvillo, Jos6 ,
Sidan, Maria ,
Silva, Adcla ,
Silva, Jos6 de
Silva, Past or de
Silva, Zacarias de
Silvcstre, Eleuteria
Sison, Celestino ,
Sison, Maria
Sison, Mariano
Sison , } \ artin
Tadeo, Justa
Tanael, A nastasio ,
Tanael, Fernando ,
Tanael, Perpetuo ,
Tangana, Vicente ,
Tangangco, Rufino
Tandingco, David ,
Tanedo, Jos6 ,
Tatnlin, Anacleta ,
Taytay, Emiteria ,
Taytay , Juan ,
Tcfiorio, Derotea
Tffiido, Angel
Teiiido, Bias ,
Tenido, Luciana
Tiongco, Celerino
Toledo, Eugenia
Parcels
pur-
chased.
23
Area (in
acres).
0. 0402
.2470
. 1835
. 1328
.0737
.0278
. 0510
.0875
.0765
.0205
.3760
.0470
.1020
.3535
.0375
3. 7080
.2835
.0305
.1740
. 0605
. 1600
.1130
.2437
.1345
.1190
.1498
.1990
.2085
6. 7500
.0957
.0343
.0600
.6327
1. 7543
.0745
.3380
6. 1643
1.0665
.1735
.2317
.0483
.0757
.0475
.1025
. 1168
.1365
. 0825
. 16(>0
.5932
.1595
. 2160
.0943
22. 7302
.4403
163.0912
7.1750
.0972
.0818
.0840
. 0555
.2975
. 0550
6.3913
.0735
. 1655
.3357
.1238
.0822
.0327
,0973
.0295
.2088
.1587
.1383
.2005
.0537
157.1383
.1062
82278°— H. Rept. 2289, 61-3 10
90
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day o^ July, 1910, shovnng
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate— Continued.
Tolentino, Ciriaco
Torres, Brigido
Torres, Eulalio
Trinidad, K nrica A
Trinidad, Florentino
Trinidad, Guadalupe C
Trinidad, Lina A
Trinidad , Maxima C
Tuason, Pedro
Umale, Guillermo
Urbano, Severo
Valdez, Catalina
Vazqiies, Ana
Vazques, Ana, and Vazques,
Leoncia
Vazques, Castor
Vazques,Castor,and Castrillo,
Faustino
Vasquez, Leoncia
Velarde, Andres
Velarde, Gaudencia
Velarde, Gregorio
Velarde, Perpetua
Velazco, Andrea
Velazco, Joaquin
Velazco, Ivazaro
Velazco, Marcelina
Velazco, Maria
Velazco, Pedro
Velazco, Kosendo
Velazco, Teodoro, and Ilo-
sendo
Velazco, Teodore
Velazco, Vicente
Veracruz," Angel
Veracruz, Faustino
Veracruz, Jldefonso
Veracniz, Marcelina
Veracniz, Pelagio
Veral, Jacinto
Veral, Maria
Veral, Teodoro
Verdey , Fermin
Versosa, Fabian
Versosa, Mariano
Vicente, Agatona
Vidal, 1^'pifanio
Villalon, Jos(5 ,
Villano, Isabel
Villanueva, Ana
Viilanueva, Antonio
Villanueva, Engracia
Villanueva, Fermina
Villanueva, Gavino
Villanueva, Gelacio
Villanueva, Josefa
Villanueva, Juliana
Villanueva, Maria
Villanueva, Maria
Villanueva, Norberto
Villanueva, Ramon
Villanueva, Servulo
Villanueva, Teresa
Viroya, Patricia
Vivar, Ignacio ,
Vivar, Simeona de
Vivar, Teodora
Walt, Charles IT
Yambao, Damiana
Yambao, Gerarda
Yambao, Juan
Yambao, Saturnina
Yambao, Sixta
Yapchulay, Mariano
Yapchulay, Pfiblo
Yaptinchay, Bibiana
Yaptinchay, Guido
Yaptinchay, Josefa
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
1
0. 1105
1
.1730
1
. 0855
1
.t)303
1
.1175
1
.1662
8
10. 1925
1
.4110
1
.0003
1
. 20 17
1
. 0390
1
. 2100
1
3. 2140
1
10. 7435
3
8. 4103
1
'.2605
5
13. 8212
4
23. 7555
1
2. 4448
1
1.2792
1
6.3098
1
8. 1522
8
14. 1840
0
15,4193
1
.1100
2
3.5812
4
13. 1880
4
15. 6040
1
.1793
2
7. 5180
3
8. 1702
2
10. 7558
3
19. 1340
.1827
2. 2002
.1670
2. 6878
.1947
.2803
.0915
.1115
.1242
8. 7338
.2465
6.5875
.0165
.1252
4.5110
.1003
.0937
.4873
.0680
4.6802
.0190
.1600
.6470
4. 7580
25. 7435
10. 9343
.0802
.0713
.1317
14. 4250
.1240
.2335
.1630
.1898
.1857
.2763
24. 3270
. 3618
.5080
5
11. 5985
5
3.0100
5
16. 8568
Name of purchaser.
Binan estate—ContlRued.
Yaptinchay, Julia
Yaptinchay Maria
Yaptinchay, Pablo
Yatco, Angela
Yatco, Catalina
Yatco, Emilio
Yatco, Emiterio
Yatco, Filomena
Yatco, Tligino
Yatco, Isabel
Yatco, Isidro
Yatco, Jos^
Yatco, Juliana
Yatco, Laureana
Yatco, Leoncio
Yatco, Leonila
Yatco, Lutgarda
Yatco, Manuel
Yatco, Nicolasa
Yatco, Petrona
Yatco, Salud
Yatco, Segundo
Ylem, Guillerma
Yncomio, Francisco
Zagala, Fausta.
Zalazar, Agustina
Zalazar, Brigido
Zalazar, Enrique
Zalazar, Macario
Zalazar, Nicolasa
Zalazar, Tomas
Zamora, Anastasio
Zaraora, Crisanto
Zamora, Eleno
Zamora, Graciano
Zamora, Gregorio
Zamora, Maurieia
Zamora, Pedro
Zarraga. Agripino
Zarraga', Benedicto
Zarraga, Crisanta
Zarraga, Esteban
Zarraga, Francisco
Zarraga, Jos6
Zarraga, Josefa
Zarraga, Juliana
Zarraga, I^uisa
Zarraga, Manuel
Zarraga, Maximo
Zarrate, Antonia
Zarrate, G eronimo
Zarrate, Ilonoria
Zarrate, Perpetuo
Zarrate, Roman B
Zarzadias, Isidoro
Zarzadias, Isidro
Zarzadias, Juliana
Zavalla, Angel
Zavalla, Juliana
Zavalla, Ramon
Zavalla, Roberto
Zavalla, Romana
Zavalla, Teodora
Zorrilla, Norberto
1,626 purchasers; 2,802
sales; 6,613.0453 acres.
Calamba estate.
Archbishop of Manila
(1 purchaser; 1 sale; 1.4740
acres.)
Dampol estate.
Acuna, Casimira
Acufia, Juliana ,
Acuiia, Macaria ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
23.0167
124. 2778
68. 9510
14. 1752
.2973
12. 1810
7. 3080
. 1805
.0357
33. 6515
1.0075
114.8153
. 2545
7.9112
103. 2583
8. 0490
45. 8827
3. 5130
2. 3338
18. 7270
40. 1102
.1097
.1148
.0315
. 1225
.1705
.2235
.0702
.3053
.0768
.0667
.0955
15. 8075
.0275
1. 3355
.2693
.1495
.1612
18. 8898
6. 1135
7. 8042
23.9360
118. 7890
13.2703
6. 1380
19. 2162
. 5690
35. 5190
6.0388
.0710
.0377
9.3653
.0972
.0758
.0940
.8107
.0823
236. 4640
.4055
19. 8825
.0662
10. 4073'
.4377
1.4740
.1038
.1447
.7123
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
91
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Dampol ^5to^(?— Continued
Acuiia, Mamerta
Acuna, Mamerto
Acuiia, Pedro
Acuna, Domingo
Adriano, Andres
Adriano, Eucebio
Adriano, Mariano
Alba, Antonio
Alba, Gaspar
Alba, Severo
Alejandrino, Gervacio
Alejandrino. Marcelo
Alejandro, Adriano
Alejandro, Manuel
Alejo, Melencio
Ana, Anastacia Santa
Ana, Isabel Santa
Ana, Lorenzo Santa
Ana, Raymunta Santa
Ana, Serapia Santa
Anchores, Mariano
Angeles, Lorenzo.
Angeles, Tomas
Angelo, Antonla
Angelo, Benigno
Aquino, Isabel
Aquino, Melencio
Aquino, Norberto
Avendano, Eustaquio
Ayllon, Conrado
Bernabe, Felix
Bernaldo, Estanislao
Bernardo, Esteban
Bernardo, Marcos
Buktaw, L4zaro, Cat
Calderon, Epifanio
Calderon, Francisca
Calderon, Fulgencio
Calderon, Juan
Calderon, I^4zaro
Calderon, Mariano
Caleon, Andres
Caleon, Catalino
Caleon, Cipriano
Caleon, Norberto
Caleon, Tomas
Caleon, Toribio
Camitan, Cornelia
Camitan, Raymundo
Camitan, Valeriano
Camua, Pascual
Camua, Vicente
Candelaria, Victorina
Capala, Luciano
Caparas, Mariano
Cardenas, Catalina
Casal, Manuel
Castillo, Doroteo del
Castillo, Juan del
Castillo, Lucio del
Castro, Catalino de
Castro, Claro
Castro, Santiago de
Cells, Catalina
Cells, Luis
Constantino, Martin
Constantino, Segunda
Cruz, Elias de la
Cruz, Emiterio M. de la
Cruz, Felipe de la
Cruz, Gregorio de la
Cruz, Jos^dela
Cruz, Laureana de la
Cruz, Mariano de la
Cruz, Narciso de la
Cruz, Nicolas dela
Cruz, Pablo dela
Cruz, Pedro Santa
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 0600
. 3752
.5110
. 0400
3. 2598
5. 0105
. 5357
51. 1003
3. 8742
.2855
95. 7955
2. 1018
. 3505
. 4715
. 4532
. 1550
, 6655
4. 9823
1. 7225
9. 9107
1. 0295
.6848
.4702
. 2640
97. 0835
. 4050
.4478
. 1527
163. 4300
111. 9053
. 1402
.4008
. 78()0
. 4002
109. 1760
. 2475
.1655
. 1032
. 6203
. 4687
. 4268
. 3097
. 3465
. 2373
. 3747
. 3120
.2105
.0878
.9187
.2005
.6905
3785
. 4313
3. 6305
.2350
1. 9372
319. 6838
.8325
.5705
2. 7755
. 6145
61. 9915
. 2062
.1750
.5118
. 6652
. 8(i08
1. 6237
. 5330
.5770
.1375
.2270
1. 2330
.7218
2. 2950
.5487
.1425
.8850
Name of purchaser.
Dampol estate— Continued.
Cruz, Serapio de la
Cruz, Simon de la
Cruz, Tomasa Santa
Cruz, Toribia de la
Cruz, Toribio de la
Crisostomo, Exequiel
Cuebo, Agaton
Cuebo, Bonifacia
Cuebo, Juana
Dayrit, Estanislao
Dimagiba, Victoriano
Domingo, Andres
Domingo, Teodora
Espiritu, Ambrosio
Espiritu, Aniceto
li^spiritu, Damaso
Espiritu, Daniel
Espiritu, Eustaquia
Espiritu, Francisco
Espiritu, Jacobo
Espiritu, Juan
Espiritu, L4zaro
Espiritu, Macario
Espiritu, Manuel
Espiritu, Martin
Espiritu, Silvostre
Espiritu, Tomas
Eucebio, Fausto
Eucebio y Castro, Fausto. . .
Eucebio, Florentino
Eucebio, Francisco
Eucebio, Maria
Eucebio, Pantaleon
Eucebio, Pedro
Eucebio, Tiburcio
Faustino, Andres
Faustino, Basilia
Fernando, Augustin
Fernando, Gregorio
Fernando, Pablo
Gabriel, Alejandra
Gabriel, Fragidio
Gabriel, Simon
Galvez, Monica
Galvez, Severo
Gallard o, Clemente
G allardo. Maxima
Gatchalian, Cosmo
Gatctialian, Matias
Gatclialian, Teodoro
Garcia, Liberato
Garcia, Nicolas
Garcia, Pelagio
Garcia, Segundo
Geronimo, Romualdo
Gonzales, Pedro G
Grimaldo, Gregoria
Guevarra, Isabelo
Icasiano, Jacinto
Ignasio, Fernando
Ignasio, Pedro
Ignasio, Timoteo
Javier, Alberto
Jauco, Agata
Jauco, Florentino
Jauco, Mariano
Jesus, Policarpo de
Jos6, A polonia
Jos6, Manuel
Jos^, Rufina
Jos6, Salvador
Joson, Fausta
Joson, Maria
Joson, Pedro
Joson, Raymundo
Leoncio, Catalino
Leoncio, Eulogio
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 6903
.5795
. 4870
.3300
.2450
.3132
.2563
.4170
4.8847
3. 1425
1. 0690
. 3733
.1087
.7710
.3358
1. 4465
.4855
.2825
.7785
.2632
.8905
.3880
.0728
.3660
.2987
.2990
.3588
.3002
.0978
.6352
.1420
.5700
.1903
.1357
1.0713
.2612
.4068
.5237
.9385
.6350
.6358
.7472
.2175
158. 3745
.3890
.3490
.4385
.4998
.8795
.4102
.1025
.6840
.5515
.5363
.8427
147. 8585
1.1245
. 4435
65. 8828
.9445
.8790
.6527
2. 1155
.3470
. 5563
.4450
52. 3270
.3717
.4843
.4890
1.2510
. 3262
.5458
.1990
.3170
.2127
.7678
92
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Dampol estate— Continued.
Leoncio, Pedro
Lipana, Miguel
Lipana, Patricio
Lorenzo, Casirairo
Lorenzo, Epifanio
Lorenzo, Gregoria
• Lorenzo, Liberato
Lorenzo, Maria
Lucas, Basilio
Lucas, Benigno
Lucas, Bonifacio
Lucas, Lucio
Lucas, Natalio
Lucas, Rufina
Lucas, Ignacio
Lumaqui, Fabian
Lumaqui, Maria
Luna, Adriano
Maglonso, Ambrosia
Maglonso, Jacinta
Maglonso, Maria
Magsacay, Simeon.
Manabat, Eleno
Maftio, Ignacio
Marcelo, Eulalia
Marcelo, Felix
Marcelo, Juan
Mariano, Agustin
Mariflas, Mamerto
Marinas, Simon
Marques, Pedro
Martia, Bruno
Mayoyo, Francisco
Miranda, Andres
Miranda, Domingo
Miranda, Felieiano
Miranda, Isabel
Miranda, Leocadio
Miranda, Maximina.
Miranda, Vicenta
Morales, L4zaro
Morales, Nicolasa
Morales, Severino
Pacheco, Andr<5s
Pacheco, Martina
Pacheco, Simeon
Pacheco, Tereza
Pangan, Macaria
Pangan, Ponciano
Pangan, Saturnina
Pascual, Angelo
Pascual, Isabel
Pascual , Maximo
Pecatuste, Florentine
Pedro, Gregoria San
Pedro, Juan San
Pedro, Severino S
Pilapil, FJduardo
Pilapil, Sabina
Policarpo, Luis
Polintan, Tomas
Ramos, Dionisia
Ramos, Domingo
Ramos, Manuel
Reyes, Anacleto
Reyes, Andres
Reyes, Catalino
Reyes, Cirilo de los
Reyes, Damaso de los
Reyes, Gregorio de los
Reyes, Guillermo de los
Reyes, Ignasia de los
Reyes, Jacinto
Reyes, Josefa de los
Reyes, Juan de los
Reyes, Juan de los, 2nd
Reyes. Marcelo de los
Reyes, Mariano de los
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1. 7290
.8350
. 4335
,7805
.2485
.6025
.2165
.1135
.2250
. 3695
.5945
.8897
2. 0208
.9102
. 4218
.2282
1. 9703
.5382
.4478
. 3760
. 3162
.2408
.4170
.2192
.9890
1.8167
.1185
98. 3835
.7085
.5955
.1490
.1503
.1987
.4800
.2328
.6422
. 2620
1. 0590
.7923
.3777
1. 0850
1.0415
.2040
. 1753
.1743
.5350
.2795
.2117
.9925
.3248
1. 2670
.0992
. 2368
. 1360
. 5905
1. 7415
. 8467
.6320
. 1648
1. 4850
. 2590
. 5892
. 3843
.0777
99. 7468
1. 4807
. 1220
.0940
.1895
.2078
.1717
.3600
.7220
. 1578
. 9267
.1475
.5075
.7595
Name of purchaser.
Dampol estate— Continued.
Reyes, Pascual de los
Reyes, Pastor
Reyes, Roman M
Reyes, Valeriano de los
Rivera, Simeon de
Roco, Catalino
Rosario, Francisco del
Rosario, Josefa del
Rosario, Rayniunda del
Ruiz, Angel
Ruiz, Graciana
Salvador, Adriano
Santiago, Laureana
Santiago, Maximino
Santiago, Saturnino
Santiago, Segunda
Santos, Asuncion de los
Santos, Epifanio de los
Santos, Francisco de los
Santos, Froilan de los
Santos, Gregorio de los
Santos, Joaquin de los
Santos, Jos6 de los
Santos, Macario de los
Santos, Magdaleno de los
Santos, Marcos de los
Santos, Pedro de los
Santos, Valentin de los
Santos, Valeriano de los
Santos, Vicento de los
Santos, Vidal
Saracho, Gabina
Sarmiento, Martina
Sa5^o, Bonifacia
Serrano, Leonardo
Silverio, Ignacia
Sleeper, C. H
Tamayo, Maria
Tamayo, Silverio
Teodoro, Melencio
Teodoro, Tomds
Tiongco, Maria
Tiongson, Eduardo
Tobias, Antero
Tobias, Ines
Tolentino, Antonia
Tolentino, Domingo
Tuason, Catalina
Tuason, Doroteo
TUason, Maximo
Tuason, Pablo
Vera, Ciriaco de
Vera, Simeon de
Victoria, Antonia
Victoria, Mateo
Villa, Juana
Villena, Macario
293 purchasers; 347 sales;
1,829.4415 acres.
Ouiguinto estate.
Adriano, Gregorio
Agustin, Bartolome
Alano, Juan
Alcantara, Ciriaco
Alcantara, Domingo
Alcantara, Juan
Alcantara, Laureano
Alcantara, Regino
Alcantara, Simplicio
Alcantara, Vicente
Alcoriza, Pedro
Alday, Balbino
Also, Mariano
Also, Roberto
Ana, Eleno Sta
Ana, Marcelo Santa
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
93
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
Quiguinto esiaie— Continued.
Ana, Patricio Sta
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
10
12
2
1
4
5
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
5
2
1
6
1
2
3
1
7
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
4
6. 6373
8. 1987
.1993
. 1437
21. 9783
.2910
1. 6935
. 3862
,1025
.1433
.0997
. 2383
.1610
6. 7692
19. 7313
16. 1897
. 1375
.1200
.1333
.0630
16. 4365
.6125
.1445
14. 3545
.1517
4. 8983
72. 4597
48. 6038
26. 7067
.2223
32. 5275
37. 7352
6. 0298
43. 4387
.1345
7. 7998
.2600
.1990
. 5135
6. 7052
.2330
19. 4705
. 4493
. 2587
7. 5313
. 2060
.1327
.2800
2. 0923
. 3440
1. 0932
. 2385
3. 6365
. 1568
. 2245
. 1445
. 1957
. 0660
10. 8905
15. 3805
6. 4095
14. 5033
. 5535
. 4567
31. 1805
. 0868
37. 8770
2. 2350
13. 1885
. 3852
. 3368
, . 4497
. 6533
.2000
24. 0155
. 2762
. 1473
23. 4232
Angeles, Elias . ...
Angeles, Luis
Angeles, Melesio
Angeles, Regina
Angelo, Carlos
Angelo, Policarpio
Angelo, Zoilo
Araja, Mariano . . .
Arceo, Andres
Arceo, Catalina.
Arceo, Julian
Asuncion, Pascual
Avendano, Alejo
Avendaiio, Francisco, .
Avendano, Hugo
Avendano, Rita
Baesa, Juana
Balagtas, Juan
Balagtas, Pedro
Baltazar, Gregoria. . . .
Bautista, Bernardino
Bautista, Dalmacio... .
Bautista, Martina
Bautista, Maxima
Bautista, Saturnino
Bernardo, Cayetano ...
Bernardo, Pedro . . .
Bernardo, Raymundo
Bondoc, Macario
Buendia, Gil
Buendia, Nicolas
Bulaong, Bernardino.
Bulaong, Doroteo
Bulaong, Pedro
Bulaong, Timoteo
Calulang, Leon
Calara, Feliciano
Calara, Macario
Calara, Manuel
Calayag, Aniceto
Caluag, Andres
Caluag, Epifanio
Caluag, Felix
Camua, Abundio
Camua, Domingo
Camua, Fausto
Camua, Jose
Camua, Tiburcio
Capulong, Antonia
Capulong, Raymundo
Carpio, Feliciana
Castillo, Herm6genes
Castillo, Veronica
Catipunan, Agustina
Catipunan, Lucia
Catipunan, Marcelino
Catipunan, Margarita
Centeno, Domingo
Centeno, Herm6genes
Centeno, Mauricio
Centeno, Vicente .
Cervantes, Bonifacio
Clemente, Agustin
Clemente, Magdalena
Clemente, Roman
Concepcidn, Agripina. . .
Concepcion, Manuel
Concepcion, Marcelino
Constantino, Luciana
Cris6stomo, Miguel
Cruz, Agustin de la
Cruz, Antonio de la
Ouz, BalbinaC
Cruz, Bruno de la
Cruz, Calixfco de la
Cruz, Cipriano de la
Cruz, Llido de la Domingo....
Name of purchaser.
Guiguinto estate—Continued.
Cruz, Enriquez C
Cruz, Feliciano C
Cruz, Feliciano de la
Cruz, Florentina de la
Cruz, Gabriel de la
Cruz, Gabriel de la
Cruz, G abriela de la
Cruz, Gerdnimo C
Cruz, Gil dela
Cruz, Hermogena de la
Cruz, Isaac C
Cruz, Isidro de la
Cruz, Juan de la
Cruz, Leon de la
Cruz, Manuel de la
Cruz, Maria de la
Cruz, Mariano de la
Cruz, Mateo de la
Cruz, Miguel de la
Cruz, Nicolas de la
Cruz, Pablo de la
Cruz, Pedro de la
Cruz, Paxedes C
Cruz, Raymundo de la
Cruz, Rosenda dela
Cruz, Teodorica de la
Cruz, Vicenta de la
Dayao, Faustino
Demafeliz, Brigida
Diego, Cayetano San
Dimagiba, Pedro
Diego, Pedro S
Dionisio, Cirilio
Dionisio, Pablo
Domingo, Doroteo
Domingo, Epifanio
Domingo, Francisco
Domingo, Juan
Domingo, Juliana
Domingo, Liberato
Domingo, Maria
Domingo, Miguel
Domingo, Partaleona
Domingo, Rafael
Enriquez, Fulgencia
Enriquez, Pedro
Espiritu, Bedasto
Espiritu y Cris6stomo, Carlos
Espiritu, Carlos
Espiritu, Emiterio
Espiritu, Nazario
Estares, Luis
Esteban, Mariano
Estrella, Eulogio
Eugenio, Leoncio
Evangelista, Frederico
Facundo, Andres
Fajardo, Marcelo
Faustino, Mariano
Fernando, Escolastico
Fernando, Juan
Fernando, Simon
Figueroa, Jacinta
Figueroa y ManalQ, Pedro. . .
Gabriel, Nicolasa
Gachalian, Anacleto
Gachalian, Juan
Gachalian, Severino
Garcia, Alejandro
Garcia, Juan
Garcia, Romana
Garcia, Simon
Garcia, Vicente
Caspar, Juliana
Caspar, Paulino
Gaspar, Silvestre
Gatchalian, Andres
Gatchalian, Juan
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area in
acres).
4
13. 6250
1
. 1930
4
5. 3413
1
.1545
1
.1122
1
.2205
1
.2770
1
.1113
1
.1907
2
2. 3643
2
6. 9852
1
.2910
1
.2820
1
.3885
1
.2705
1
.1248
1
.1892
2
.5430
1
.1563
1
.4022
1
.5068
2
4.4700
9
17. 8425
1
.2120
1
13. 2352
1
.1818
1
.2485
3
14. 0077
2
.4513
1
.1207
12
49.2408
1
5. 9605
3
7.6245
1
.1647
1
.1763
1
.4040
1
.2930
2
. 6050
1
.1265
1
.1760
1
.0942
1
.0965
1
.1165
1
.1725
1
2. 8520
3
22. 6385
1
2. 7653
1
.5087
1
6. 2633
2
5. 2878
1
10. 0047
2
1.3122
1
. 2253
1
.2797
1
1. 7400
3
.4348
1
.1110
1
.0940
3
32. 2552
1
. 1580
11
18. 1850
3
16.0640
6
27.0123
8
43. 2645
1
.0950
2
33. 9385
2
19. 1540
1
.1440
2
7. 3585
1
4. 2625
1
. 4300
1
6. 9895
6
6. 7118
1
4.5890
1
6. 6970
1
.0802
1
.1745
1
.1755
94
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Ouiguinto estoig— Continued
Gatchalian, Manuel
Gatchalian, Tomas
Gatchalian, Poiicarpio
Gatmaitan, Claro
Gatmaitan, Leoncio
Gerdnimo, Pascual
Gonzales, Estanislao
Gonzales, Eucebio
Gonzales, Florentina
Gonzales, Fulgencio
Gonzales, Juan
Gonzales, Mariano
Gonzales, Matias
Guiya, Petronilo de
Gutierrez, Agapita
Gutierrez, Alejandro
Gutierrez, Carlos
Guzman, Antonio de
Guzman, Engracia de
Guzman, Esperanza de
Guzman, Maria de
Hernandez, Antonio
Hernandez, Eugenia
Hernandez, Francisco
Hernandez, Honorato
Hernandez, Isidoro
Hernandez, Pioquinto
Hernandez, Raymundo
Hernandez, Sabina
Hilario, Alejandro
Hilario, Florentina
Hilario, Francisco
Hilario, Juan
Hilario, Marciano C
Hilario, Prudencio
Ico, Ventura
Jacinto, Juan
Jacinto , Santiago
Jesus, Antonio de
Jesus, Fulgencio de.
Jesus, Ignacio de
Jesus, Tomas de
Jos6, Anastacio
Jos^, Antonio
Jose, Ver<5nico
Joson , Agripino
Joson, Agusiin
Joson, Baldomero
Joson, Basilio
Joson , Florentina
Joson, Florentine
Joson, Geronimo
Joson, Hilario
Joson, Juan
Joson, Maria
Joson , Santiago
Joson, Sixto
Joson , Tereza
Julian , Kamon
Juson , Braulio
Juson , Hilario
Juson , Silvestre
Landawan , Mariano
Ijaquindanura, Francisco
L&zaro, Clemente
L&zaro, Ruperto
Leon, Mariano de
Limuco, Pedro
Linag, Agustin
Linag, Mariano
Lopez , Poiicarpio
Luriano, Gregoria
Luciano , Magdalena
Lumabas, Alejandra
Maclang , Antonio
Maclang , Bonifacio
Maclang, Jos6
Maclang, Palaton
Madlangsacay, Agustin
Magpayo, Ciriaco
Manabat, Leon
Manahan, Feliciano
Parcels
pur
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0. 1238
. 3102
1. 0083
.2200
.3800
.7705
7. 1240
.4182
6.2953
.3527
.1633
7. 9180
14. 8752
11. 3925
.1713
15.1732
.2600
7.3150
11. 7580
.4143
9. 2077
. 1328
4. 2210
3. 6840
4. 8920
.1610
.1315
.1747
.1628
.2240
.1352
26. 9370
.2355
8. 4445
.2095
.1715
1. 8925
.3278
. 1312
. 2083
4. 7627
.1585
.2640
. 3430
.5910
12. 2890
. 4038
12. 0195
10. 2377
4. 8633
, 3192
5. 0123
22. 7765
6. 5582
. 1863
3. 5675
. 1740
11. 8225
11. 0355
.1715
. 2472
. 3365
. 1345
13.7155
. 3008
.1835
39. 7035
.1620
3. ()942
. 1518
1. 7290
. 2250
, 2960
. 2585
. 5080
.2747
1. 2493
. 6170
.4257
1. 4603
.1942
. 2365
Name of purchaser.
Guiguinto estate —QonimuQd.
Manalo, Pablo
Mariano, Juan ,
Marquez, Estefania
Martin, Leon
Martin, Marcelino
Mateo, Milencio
Mendoza, Alejandro
Mendoza, Antonio
Mendoza, Cayetano
Mendoza, Cecilio
Mendoza, Hipolito
Mendoza, Ignacio
Mendoza, Rosenda ,
Mendoza, Sinforoza
Mendoza, Victor
Miguel, Alejandro
Miguel, Pedro -.
Morales, Petra ,
Natividad, Hermogenes
Navarro, Isabelo
Nicolas, Bernardo
Nicolas, Euceibo
Nicolas, Melchor ,
Pagsanghan, Anastacio
Pagtalunan, Claro
Pagtalunan, Isidro
Pagtalunan, Juan
Pagtalunan, Luis
Pagtalunan, Matias ,
Pagtalunan, Pantaleon
Pagtalunan, Rufino
Paguia, Aqustina
Paguia, Bonifacio ,
Paraiso, Bernabe
Pascual, Andres
Pascual, Gregorio ,
Pedro, Leon San ,
Perez, Domingo
Perez, Getulio
Perez, Juliana
Pingol, Andrea
Pingol, Dionisio
Pingol, Eugenio
Pingol, Jacinto ,
Pingol, Macario
Pitco, Feliza
Principe, Eucebia
Pricipe, Juan ,
Punongbayan, Maximo
Punongbayan, Pedro
Punongbayan, Soriano
Punongbayan, Victor
Quiros, Gabino C
Ramirez, Antonino
Ramirez, I>ionisio
Ramirez, Simeon
Ramos, Catalino
Ramos, Cirila
Ramos, E varisto
Ramos, Emiteria
Ramos, Estanislao
Ramos, Fidel
Ramos, Nazaria
Ramos, Tomas
Raymundo, Flaviano
Raymundo, Justiniano
Raymundo, Martina
Raymundo, Venancio
Resurreccion. Basilio
Reymundo, Justiniano
Reymundo, Teodora
Reyes, Catalino
Reyes, Lorenzo
Reyes, Macario
Reyes, Marcos
Reyes, Maria
Reyes, Nicolas
Reyes, Nicolas de los
Reyes, Pascual
Reyes, Rafael
Reyes, Teodorico
Parcels
pur-
clia^^ed.
Area (In
acres)
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
95
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Guiguinto estate— Continued.
Robles, Bernarda de
Robles, Florentino de
Robles, Lorenzo de
Robles, Miguel Tolentino de. .
Robles, Pedro de
Robles, Policarpio de
Robles, Segunda de
Robles, Teodoro E. de
Robles, Tomas de
Rodrigo, Martina
Rodriguez, Eucebio
Rodriguez, Mariano
Rodrigo, Martina
Roque, Comelio
Roque, Lucas
Roque, Martin
Roque, Prudencio
Rosario, Prudencio del
Rosario, Roberto del
Sacay, Augustin
Sacay, Aguilino
Sacay, Lorenzo
Salonga, E varisto
Sampana, Bernardo
Sampana, Servando
Santiago, Agustin
Santiago, Cesario
Santiago, Esteban
Santiago, Esteban
Santiago, Flaviano
Santiago, Lazaro
Santiago, Maria
Santiago, Mariano
Santiago, Paula
Santiago, Sotero
Santos, Carlos de los
Santos, Emiterio de los
Santos, Engracio de los
Santos, Facundo de los
Santos, Feliclano de los
Satitos, Honorato
Santos, Jorge.
Santos, Manuel de los
Santos, Mariano de los
Santos, Raymundo de los
Sarilij Fausto
Sarmiento, Bartolome
Serrano, Faustino
Serrano, Marta
Serrano, Pantaleon
Soriano, Geronima
Tangquengco, Jose
Tolentino, Anastacio
Tolentino, Benigno
Tolentino, Bonifacio
Tolentino, Damaso
Tolentino y Concepcion, Fran-
cisco
Tolentino y Mendoza, Fran-
cisco
Tolentino y Gatchaliau, Mig-
uel
Tolentino, Monico
Tolentino, Pascual
Tolentino, Simeon
Tolentino, Ynocencio
Tormo, Mariano
Ventura, Estefania
Ventura, Marcela
Ventura, Rafael
Ventura, Vicente
Victoria, Emiteria
Villafuerte, Andres
Villafuerte, Benjamin
Villafuerte, Francisco
Villafuerte, Gertrudes
Villafuerte, Matias
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
8. S300
2. 5405
33. 4803
3. 2^)62
.1760
.1900
.1870
.0745
.0908
15. 0032
. 1690
.1990
74. 2800
2. 7605
.1348
.1100
.2215
3. 5297
.1253
. 3047
. 1610
. 2453
.2037
6. 4100
2. 4028
.2202
.2065
.1698
3. 8620
.1920
7. 3()75
9. 9870
.2405
.1187
2. 3833
. 1662
.1705
1. 2730
. 3160
.2300
1.8555
.5415
.1988
.1420
.3995
.1410
.1287
.1493
.0442
.1995
. 2233
5.3270
.2145
. 2602
. 2755
.2860
.5523
.1327
.1528
.1795
.3215
. 3275
18. 0155
7. 9235
. 2435
2. 8612
. 2280
5. 8080
.1778
.1597
. 0()95
.1805
. 4330
.3843
Name of purchaser.
Guiguinto estate— ContinuQd.
Villafuerte, Melencio.
Villafuerte, Miguel
Villafuerte, Ramon
Villanueva, Pedro
Villanueva, Tomas
Villegas, Bacilio
415 purchasers; 681 sales;
2,314.6627 acres.
Isabela estate.
Agoada, Cipriano
Alindayu, Gonzalo
Al-lauigan, Faustino
Ampa, Domingo
Angoluan, Benido
Antonio, Bonifacio B
Antonio, Mariano B
Baddungun, Apolonio
Badua, Crispulo
Balacanao, Jos^
Baltazar, Ledn
Binoya, Domingo
Bulan, Flaviano
Calantes, Victorio
Calaiigan, Gerdnimo
Campos, Benito
Cauayan, municipality of . . .
Gadia, Ambrosio
Gamia, Le6n
Gamiao, Ambrosio
Gamiao, Domingo
Gamiao, Fehciano
Gamiao, Sebastian
Gaimao, Teodorico
Juan, Mdximo
Labao, Benito
Labrador, Alberto
Labrador, Gaspar
Labrador, Hipolito'.
Lemii, Juan
Macasuray , Leocadia
Maddela, Matias
Masitul, Felipe
Raymundo, Camllo
Sauat, Mateo
Sauat, Tomas
Sayud, Angel
Semana, Apolonio
Sifigapan, Gaudiano
Singapan, Narciso
40 purchasers; 93 sales;
148.7113 acres.
Lolomboy estate.
Archbishop of Manila
1 purchaser; 1 sale;
4.1020 acres.
Melinta estate.
Acuna, Francisco
Acuna, Gregorio
Acufia, Narciso
Acuna, Telesfora
Aguilar, Segundo
Aguilar, Vicente
Agustin, Doroteo
Alarcon, Baldomero
Alarcon, Dimas
Alarcon, Feliciano
Alberto, Macario
Alcantara, Juan4
Alcaras, Petrona
Alejandrino, Bernardo
Alejandrino, Maria
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
5. 1122
. 1733
. 0882
.2623
.1632
.2225
2
.8322
2
2. 7990
2
5. 1285
3
10. 4745
2
1.4777
2
4. 6370
2
4.9365
1
.1435
6
7. 1053
2
4. 8993
6
7.2567
1
.7508
2
4.0527
3
5.1365
2
2.2535
2
3.0345
1
1.7007
2
6. 6018
2
2.5827
3
4. 8415
2
3.4905
2
3. 1687
4
4. 2765
3
3. 6895
3
3. 2395
1
.2558
1
2. 1043
3
3.9310
2
4.6443
1
2. 0947
3
3. 3345
2
9.2657
1
.3133
2
3.7045
2
3.4425
2
3. 5390
1
.20&5
7
7. 9907
2
2.7970
2
2.577S
4.1020
13. 9290
3. 7743
4. 0362
12. 8250
6. 6495
4. 6093
7. 4040
3. 8380
14. 9807
5. 3375
30. 7225
9. 2095
17. 0955
3. 1913
25. 8292
96
ADMINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Melinta g^to^c— Continued.
Alejandrino, Salvador
Alejandro, Nazaria
Alejo, Mariano
Alfonzo, Fernando
Anselmo, Alejandro
Anselmo, Marciano
Anselmo, Flacido
Andaya, Lorenzo
Andres, Bernardo S
Andr6s, Eleuterio San
Andres, Esteban San
Andres, E ugenio San
Andres, Evaristo de S
Andres, Juan San
Andres, Saturnino San. . .
Andres, Teodora San
Angeles, Benito de los
Angeles, Esteban de los . .
Angeles, Geronimo
Angeles, Miguela de los. . .
Angeles, Telesforo de los. .
Antonio, Catalino
Antonio, Crispino
Antonio, E ugenio
Antonio, Flaviana
Antonio, Macaria
Antonio, Marcos
Antonio, Roberto
Antonio, Ygnacio
Aquino, Ambrocia
Aquino, Francisca
Aquino, Mariano
Aquino, Pedro
Araneta, Apolinaria
Ara villa, Serafin
Arguelles, Francisco
Anas, Florentina
Artais, Alejandro
Atanacio, Anacleto
Atanacio, Juana
Baldomero, Antonio
Baldomero, Francisco
Baldomero, Pedro
Balmacida, Josefa
Banco, Mariano de
B aquiran, Clara
Barason, Candida
Bartolome, Aguedo
Bartolome, Antonino
Bartolome, Eseolastica
Bartolome, Hilarion
Bartolome, Leonarda
Bartolome, Maria
Bartolome, Mariano
Bartolome, Pedro
Bass. James H
Bastian, Dorotea de
Bautista, Calixto
Bautlsta, Florencio
Bautista, Francisca
Bautista, Francisca
Bautista, Luis
Bautista, Maria
Bautista, Remigio
Bautista, Saturnino . .
Bautista, Simeon
Bautista, Tori bio
Bautista, Vicente
Benitez, Ismael
Bernal, Bartolome
Bernardino, Anastacio
Bernardino, Benedicto
Bernardino, Eugenio
Bernardino, Hermogenes .
Bernardino, Juan
Bernardino, Mariano
Bernardino, M iguel
Bervoso, Adriano
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
7. 8078
.6367
12.5920
2. 7145
19. 1125
21.3958
9. 2815
4. 4780
7. 8385
9. 8090
6. 2952
.8595
17. 6923
7. 7942
43. 0883
13. 4970
13. 8457
6. 0820
40. 9318
5. 0285
.1872
13. 8713
1. 2410
4. 9062
1. 4035
2.5133
6. 5202
8. 2658
5. 7807
6. 0850
3. 2723
6. 3540
4. 7335
14.0267
4. 6240
8. 1618
10. 6525
1. 2680
4. 3932
6. 3473
32. 2312
30. 4763
18. 6025
6. 7165
2. 4052
. 7655
9. 6615
5. 4435
1. 7418
2. 9805
4. 8770
12. 6985
2. 5205
11. 3612
2. 0805
33. 6420
1. 0168
12.2705
19.7120
12. 4585
5. 2807
7. 2228
1. 0475
73. 8735
21. 6450
6. 7570
8. 6000
.1027
11. 5815
14. 1375
1.3353
■9.8922
1. 8070
4. 3300
10. 5785
9. 72(>0
22. 9398
.5177
Name of purchaser.
Melinta estate — Continued
Blanco, Dionisio
Bollas, Januario
Bonifacio, Evaristo
Bonifacio, Fulgencio
Bordador, Eustaquio
Buenaventura, Cornelia . . .
Buenaventura, Juana
Buenaventura, Marcelo
Bularan, Gregorio
Cabral, Arcadio
Cabral, Juan
Cabral, Juan
Cabral, Pedro
Cabral, Sotero
Cabral, Victoriano
Caco, Pedro
Candido, Paulino
Candido, Raymundo
Candido, Romana
Candido, Segundo
Cantillon, Bernabe
Cantillon, Domingo
Cantillon, Julian
Capalad, Catalina
Capistrano, Modesta
Capistrano, Pablo
Carreon, Benedicta
Carreon, Pedro
Carreon, Silverio
Casas, Isidoro
Casimiro, Ilerm6genes
Castillo, Anastacio del
Castillo, Vicente del
Castro Apolonio de
Cayco, Maria
Celedonio, Celestina
Cerdena, Canute
Chungco, Mariano
Concepcion, Celilio
Concepcion, Eustaquio
Concepcion, Florentino
Concepcion, Marcos
Constantino, Arcadio
Constantino, Laureano
Contreras, Antonio
Contreras, Ignacia
Cortes, Mariano
Cortes, Mauricia
Cruz, Agustina de la ,
Cruz, Alfonza de la
Cruz, Anacleto de la
Cruz, Anacleto de la
Cruz, Aniceto de la
Cruz, Antonino de la
Cruz, Bartolome de la
Cruz, Basilio de la
Cruz, Cdrlos de la
Cruz, Cayetano de la
Cruz, Daniel de la
Cruz, Dionisio de la
Cruz, Elias de la
Cruz, Emiliano de la
Cruz, Evaristo de la
Cruz, Federica de la
Cruz, Flaviano de la
Cruz, Florencio de la
Cruz, Francisca de la
Cruz, Gabriela de la
Cruz, Gregorio de la
Cruz, Guillermo de la
Cruz, Isidro de la
Cruz, Isidro de la
Cruz, Josefa de la
Cruz, Juan de la
Cruz, Julian de la —
Cruz, Lorenzo de la
Cruz, Martin de la
Cruz, Matias de la
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
8. 2445
12. 5835
10. 3998
6. 1107
7. 0040
28. 4308
4. 0782
80. 3443
1.2575
4.6025
.7890
6. 4332
1. 5223
12. 8315
14. 7275
4. 0560
8. 7607
30. 1800
6. 2056
3. 2215
8. 2548
.8465
3. 0692
23. 0365
4. 3005
4. 0365
5. 3028
9.4080
9. 8562
8. 4945
33. 3590
2. 2005
6. 5250
2. 0793
2. 7827
10. 9068
6. 6412
8. 4530
. 9460
3. 1810
.3873
8. 0257
118. 4373
7. 1425
1. 9062
8. 3355
6. 3195
7. 6108
1. 0580
10. 1580
8. 1270
5. 6897
1.8113
4. 5027
4. 9307
4. 8592
37. 2045
4. 6708
15. 0247
4. 3428
4. 3120
26. 0035
20. 4342
.4345
1. 0165
5. 7410
11. 3885
4. 1003
1.9177
7. 5700
1. 2868
. 3540
4.2680
3.6712
6. 7405
3. 9965
12.9685
.4315
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
97
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of ^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Melinta estate — Continued.
Cruz, Maximo de la
Cruz, Nicolasa de la
Cruz, Patricio de la
Cruz, Paulino de la
Cruz, Pedro de la
Cruz, Pedro de la
Cruz, Perfecta de la
Cruz, Regino de la
Cruz, Santiago de la
Cruz, Severino de la
Cruz, Severino de la
Cruz, Sotero de la
Cruz, Venancio de la
Cruz, Vicenta de la
Cruz, Victorian a de la
Cruz, Zacarias de la
Crespo, Florencio
Crespo, Juan
Crespo, Marta
Crespo, Paula
Cuadra, Domingo
Cuadra, Emilio
Cuerpo, Patricio
Dael, Policarpio
Daez, Adriano
Daez, Esteban
Daez, Esteban
Daez, Juan
Daet, Juan
Dalag, Claro
Dalag, Juan
Dantes, Ceferino
Dantes, Marciana
Dantes, Prudencio
Dantes, Tomasa
Daradar, Esteban
Darilag, Vicente
Darjuan, Teodora
Dar Lucio, Cenon
Dar Lucio, Toribio
Data, Feliciana.
Data, Ivucia
Data, Rita
Deato, Gabriel
Deato, Pascual
Deflesta, llilaria
Defiesta, Isabel
Defiesta, Romualda
Delfin, Rosendo
Delica, Maria
Delica, Toribio
Delmentes, Maria
Dalupio, Manuel
Denoga, Ludovico
Deniega, Jos^
Denilla, Joaquin
Deonon, Crisanto
Deonon, Maxima
Deonon, Miguel
Desmontes, Florencio
Desor, Crispulo
Diano, Silvestra
Diaz, Julian
Diego, Basilio San
Diego, Benedicto San
Diego, Diego San
Diego, Lorenzo S
Diego, Lorenzo San
Diego, Mariano San
Diego, Mariano San
Dila, Baldomero
Diia, Feliciana
Dila, Feliciana
Dila, Marcelo
Dimitillo, Bonifacio
Dimitillo, Maria
Dimitillo, Quintin
Dimition, Alejandro
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
4. 7935
14. 6035
5.3133
4. 6765
10.0567
4. 6390
9. 0838
2.7500
6. 2297
8. 2975
16. 2155
1. 5705
.9383
3. 8025
.7695
8. 1617
13. 8418
8. 8912
14. 6565
11. 7850
8. 5525
18. 2755
75. 3813
18. 0730
19. 0357
85. 8615
30. 4558
5. 2602
11.3853
4. 9230
8. 8632
11. 1993
6. 0920
11. 5795
19. 7265
14. 2612
7. 1590
1.4518
5. 9642
4. 0558
5.4050
7. 4572
2. 4358
22. 5682
10. 8268
10. 8835
8. 7945
13. 8862
28. 5413
4. 2777
8. 8595
. 8435
23. 6830
9. 5748
8. 9320
5. 5300
5. 0502
8. 5G()8
6. 0392
. 9688
1. 9395
16.8(il7
3. 2800
14.8783
7. 4682
5. 3893
11. 2025
6. 8035
21.3207
6. 3465
5. 9550
24. 7380
11.2(il0
16. 0028
5. 2890
6. 5347
1. 3613
22. 3607
Name of purchaser.
Melinta ^s^a^c— Continued.
Dimition, Macario
Dimition, Tomas
Dionisio, Diego
Dionisio, Mateo
Dionisio, Pioquinto...
Dionisio, Vicente
Divino, Ruflno
Dison, Luciano
Dison, Ventura
Disor, Timotea
Docabo, Luisa
Docabo, Martin
Docabo, Pedro
Dolorito, Francisco
Doma, Maria
Doma, Solomon
Doma, Simeon
Domingo, Alfonza
Domingo, Ana
Domingo, Bernardino.
Domingo, Crisanto
Domingo, Dionisio
Domingo, Felipe
Domingo, Ignasio
Domingo, Leodegario. .
Domingo, Lorenzo
Domingo, Marcelo
Domingo, Pedro
Domingo, Petronilo...
Don, Juan
Don, Lorenzo
Doon, Cecilio
Doon, Dalmacio
Doon, Eligio
Doon, Saturnino
Doon, Simeon
Dotado, Leon
Drueco, Jose
Drueco, Pedro
Dudos, Marcelino
Dudos, Sixta
Duebo, Modesta
Dulalia, Candido
Dulalia, Cecilio
Dulalia, Hermogena...
Dulalia, Marcela
Dulalia, Pablo
Domigi)e, Francisco
I^umigpi, Tomas
Duke, Faustino
Duran, Ceferino
Duran, Juana
Duran, Raymundo
I)urax)a, M aximo
Duyor, Eucebio
Esguerra, Juan
Espiritu, Adriano
Espiritu, Florentino...
Espiritu, Segundo
Esteban, Eugenio
Estel)an, Felipe
Esteban, Francisco
Esteban, Julian
Esteban, Maximo
Esteban, Nicolas
Esteban, Tomasa
Eugenio, Atanacio
Eugenio, Consolaci<5n.,
Eugenio, Joaquina
Eugenio, Jos^
Eugenio, Marcelo
Eugenio, Maria
Eugenio, Martin
Eugenio, Moises
Eugenio, Pedro
Eugenio, Pedro
Eustaquia, Leoncia
i Ev-angelista, Alfonzo...
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
98
ADMINISTBATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situatedy etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Melinta e^toi^— Continued.
Evangelista, Catallno
Evangelista, Rosa
Faustino, Cayetano
Faustino, Epifanio
Faustino, Juan
Faustino, Maria
Faustino, Telesforo
Feliciaiio, Pedro
Fernando, Isabelo
Flores, Romualdo
Francia, Cipriano
Francisco, Anacelto
Francisco, Andr(5s
Francisco, Angeles
Francisco, Basilia
Francisco, Basilic
Francisco, Benito
Francisco, Canuta
Francisco, Claiidio
Francisco, David
Francisco, Dolores
Francisco, Domingo
Francisco, Donate
Francisco, Eduardo
Francisco, Estanislao
Francisco, Estoban
Francisco, Eugenio
Francisco, Eucebio
Francisco, Feliciano
Francisco, G erdnimo
Francisco, Gregorio
Francisco, Jos6
Francisco, Juan
Francisco, J nana
Francisco, Maria
Francisco, Matta
Francisco, Maxima
Francisco, Meliton
Francisco, Nazaria
Francisco, Pascual
Francisco, Petra
Francisco, Rosa
Francisco, Santiago
Francisco, Sil vino
Francisco, Simplicio
Francisco, Valentin
Francisco, Victoriano
Francisco, Zacarias
Gabriel, Buenaventura S.
Gabriel, Cirilo
Gajudo, Serapia
Ga'llardo, Tomds
Galicia, Fortunate de
Galicia, Francisco de
Galicia, Juan de
Galicia, Juana de
Galicia, Toniasa
Galvez, Mariano
Gatdula, Pascual
Ger<5nimo, Adriano
Geronimo, Jacinto
Ger6ninio, Mariano
Geronimo, Martina
Oola, Silvino de
Gonzales, Marcelino
Gregorio, Bonifacio
G regorlo, Doroteo
Gregorio, Eugenio
Gregorio, Florencia
Gregorio, Juana
Gregorio, Leoncia
Gregorio, Matias
Gregorio, Monica
Gregorio, Pascual
Gregorio, Pedro
Gregorio, Pedro ,
Gregorio, Severe ,
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 4125
7. 0533
8. 8433
6. 2087
3. 8300
2. 0305
2. 9010
15. 9505
39. 8505
1. 6605
10. 5348
.1935
27. 9180
7. 5727
7. 1068
29. 8307
1. 9123
13. 8045
8. 7157
1. 6888
2. 1687
10. 3895
2. 1498
.7970
43. 0150
. 8137
18. 0265
9. 9285
9. 1518
11.0515
21. 2710
13. 7352
11. 1345
1.3415
1. 6158
7. 8382
1. 4148
8. 8317
2.8158
15. 1645
19. 7250
14. 1402
5. 3345
3. 4050
. 7168
.1770
6. 1130
8. 7622
.4483
15. 4150
3. 9857
6. 1440
5. 3813
15. 9180
9. 5605
25. 1890
3. 7705
9. 3237
3. 2363
8. 2860
2. 0330
2. 9815
11. 3077
7. 3090
4. 5745
7. 5595
11. 8643
15. 1430
41.7230
25. 4767
11. 1450
7. 9860
8. 6525
3. 4790
11. 7135
3. 0553
4.4197
Name of purchaser.
Melinta c«to^«— Continued.
Guansing, Endc, for the mu-
nicipality of Polo
Guillermo, Jacinta
Guillermo, Sebastian
Gula, Paulino de
Gula, Pedro de
Gula, Victor de
Gutierrez, Eulogia
Guzman, Agustin de
Guzman, Andres de
Guzman, Claro de
Guzmian, Damian de
Guzman, Diego de
Guzman, Eliceo de
Guzman, Juan de
Guzman, Macaria de
Guzman, Mariano de
Guzman, Mariano de
Guzman, Mateo de
Guzman, Romana de
Guzman, Severino de
Guzman, Vicenta de
Hernandez, Melesio
Herrera, Dominga
ITipolito, Buenaventura
Ilipolito, Catalino
Ignacio, Adriana
Ilocto, Tomas
Inocencio, Nicanor
Jacinta, Alfonzo
Jacinto, Gerdnima
Jacobo, Fortunate
Jacobo, Gregorio
Jesus, Andrea de
Jesus, Angeles de
Jesus, Angeles de
Jesus, Francisco de
Jesus, Liseria de
Jesus, Marta de
Jesus, Pedro de
Jesus, Pedro de
Jesus, Vicente de
Jiongco, Liberato
Joaquin, Nem.esio
Jose, Basilio de San
Jos6, Remigio
Juan, Anastacio
Juan, Ciriaco
Juan, Cornelio
Juan, Cristeto
Juan, Cristeto
Juan, Francisco
Juan, Francisco
Juan, Juana San
Juan, Patricio
Juan, Severo
Juan, Tomas
Juan, Urbana
JulianiD, Florentina
Jusayan, Francisco
Lacceden, Agriplno
Lfizaro, Barbara
L5.zaro, Ciriaco
Lazaro, Gabriel
Ldzaro, Joso
Ldzaro, Juana
Mzaro, Perfecta
Lazaro, Sil vestre
Legaspi, Crisanto
Legaspi, Silvino
Lejano, Dalmacio
Leon, Gregorio de
Leon, Lorenzo de
Leon, Pedro de
Leonardo, Jorge
Le6n, Mateo de
Leon, Miguel de
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1. 9370
3.8675
3. 8810
8. 3505
8. 4928
2. 0415
4. 6635
7. 6070
9.3520
5. 3585
2. 2007
6. 4558
1. 4080
5.8290
3. 1715
8.2760
2.1820
1. 1405
3. 5505
7. 5277
.9400
42. 0348
16. 6537
1. 2508
12. 0530
12. 5055
5. 8432
6. 6710
10. 8098
11. 2762
24. 1823
25. 7332
4. 9908
3. 5802
8. 4625
4. 5230
5. 3513
6. 3582
19. 4293
.5655
6. 6725
13. 4902
6. 1108
6. 1947
2.0720
9. 1338
8.7625
11. 2437
16. 4028
6. 9447
13. 1213
18. 1165
3. 6030
11. 0&35
33. 1375
17. 7027
L5183
9. 7982
5.5550
6. 1578
2. 9107
38. 6568
9. 7797
9. 7990
3. 5488
15. 5670
12. 5737
4. 5753
. 8435
12. 9740
22. 7105
24. 9965
L3985
.7315
11. 0682
2.7645
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
99
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purcliaser.
Melinta estate— Continued.
Leon, Roman de
Liuanag, Agapito ,
Lorenzo, Apolonio
Lorenzo, Escolastica
Lorenzo, Eulalio
Lorenzo, Mumeriano
Lorenzo, Pedro
Lorenzo, Victor
L(5pez, Anastacio
L<5pez, Felipa
L(5pez, Vicente
Lopez, Zacarias
Lucas, Agaton
Lucio, Braulio
Lucio, E varisto
Lucio, Mariano ,
Lucio, Mateo
Luzada, Gregorio ,
Luzada, Inocentes ,
Luzada, Roman ,
Luzon, Candida
Luzon Sugar Refining Co..
Macabagdal, Flaviano
Macatulad, Juan
Magdarog, Feliciano [
Magnase, Gil
Manero, Filomena
Mauero, Irineo
Manuel, Graciano
Marcelo, Severo
Marcelo, VIcenta ..[..
Marcos, Gabino .,.]
Marcos, Juan ] . . ^ !
Marcos, Luisa
Marcos, Pedro
Maria, Fernando Santa .....
Mariano, Alejandro
Martin, Aniceto
Martin, Felix '
Mateo, Antonio '
Mateo, Jacabo
Mateo, Severo ] ' !
Marias, Casimiro ] ' '
Matias, Fernando
Matias, Gabriel
Matias, Jacobo ,
Matias, Manuel
Medina, Zacarias
Matos, Apolonio " '
Mates, Crispulo
Matos, Esteban
Mauricio, Gregorio
M4xtmo Raymuuda
M4ximo, Simeon. _ '
Mendoza, Gavino
Mendoza, Jacobo ...........
Mendoza, Juan
Mendoza, Luisa
Mercado, Antonio ..........
Mercado, Engracio
Mercado, Felix
Mercado, Jacobo ]
Miguel, Esteban San
Miguel, Felipe S
Miguel, Fulgencio San
Miguel, Nicolas San
Miranda, Cleto.
Miranda, Luciano
Miranda, Lucio. .........
Mifanda, Patricia. . .
Miranda, Petronila...
Miranda, Rufina
Molina, Agapito
Molina, Catalina
Molina, Juan
Molina, Romana ..If..
Moraea, Valeriano ....
!tf undo, Alejandro del
Area (in
pur-
chased.
acres).
1
0. 6313
1
8. 1827
1
3. 5803
1
4. 4730
1
5. 2290
1
4. 0910
3
10. 3882
1
11. 3073
3
3. 2560
1
.2192
2
2. 8063
2
9. 0365
5
24. 2432
1
19. 1000
1
7. 2980
2
4. 1963
1
8.6832
7
12. 7688
1
10. 4160
1
12. 3287
1
5. 1195
1
. 4922
1
7.2138
3
3. 6782
1
5. 9033
3
31. 3480
1
7. 0880
1
3. 4652
2
8. 5163
5
14. 7945
1
4.5360
1
.6900
1
1. 6667
1
10. 6013
1
18. 1760
1
■ 22. 1975
1
3. 1882
4
25. 7328
5
13. 7432
1
4. 7458
2
4. 7272
1
3. 9920
2
12. 3998
2
. 8. 9^30
1
5. 4750
2
14,9247
2
11. 0230
1
4. 7395
2
7. 0608
1
2.0752
1
.9155
1
9. 2058
1
3. 3890
1
. 8185
1
. 8767
1
7.1115
2
6. 4380
2
18. 0740
2
32. 39G3
2
22. 54.55
1
10.7770
1
5. 3422
1
1. 7570
1
8. 9655
1
12. 2838
1
1. 1292
2
7. 8475
1
5.0315
1
7. 1220
8
92. 8723
2
6. 5300
5
16.5162
1
3. 7178
1
1. 3455
3
27. 3817
1
13. 9245
2
2. 8458
1
10. 1877
Name of purchaser.
Melinta estate—Continued.
Mundo, Antonio del
Mvuido, Feliciano del
Narciso, Isidro
Narciso, Juan
Natividad, Bernabe
Nunez, Juana
Onon, Benito de
Origen, Asuncion
Origen, Gregorla
Orozco, Damaso
Orozco, Quiterio
Ortega, Marcos
Pablo, Florentino San
Pablo, Victor
Pabre, Marcos
Pabre, Pablo
Pacheco, Eugenio
Pacheco, Juan
Pacheco, Matea
Pacheco, Perfecto
Pacheco, Valeriano
Pacheco, Victorina
Padrinao, Antonio
Padrinao, Apolonio
Padrinao, Gregorio
Padrinao, Juana
Padua, Anastacia
Padua, Juan
Padua, Santiago
Papa, Pablo
Pascual, Hilaria
Pascual, Josefa
Pascual, Juan
Pascual, Maria
Pascual, Matias
Pascual, Petra
Pascual, Tranquilino
Paterno, Eriberto M
Paula, Engracia
Paulo, Joaquin
Pedro, Felipe San
Pena, Julio de la
Policarpio, Mariano
Ponciano, Leopoldo
Rafael, Agapito
Rafael, Canuto
Rafael, Claro
Rafael, Isidora
Ramirez, Apolonio
Ramirez, Gregorio
Ramirez, Jacinto
Ramirez, Juan
Ramirez, Paulina
Ramos, Calixto
Ramos, Julian.
Ramos, Mariano
Ramos, Matea
Ramos, Mateo
Ramos, R om.an
Ramos, Teodora
Ramoy, Arcadio
Rase, Bartolome
Raymundo, Alejandra
Raj^mundo, Ana
Raymundo, Perpetua
Regla, Eugenio de
Regla, Vicente de
Rivera, Arcadio
Rivera, Basilia
R ivera, Gabriela
Rivera, Pastor
Rivera, Paulino
Rivera y Diaz, Simeon
Rivero, Mariano
Reyes, Adriano
Reyes, Agapito de los.
Reyes, Benito de los
Reyes, Bernardo de los
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
17. 4795
3. 4408
6. 1857
2.0878
1. 0497
5.2093
3. 0850
9. 0110
10. 9405
1. 4325
1. 4867
7. 6088
31.6322
37. 3305
1.0668
4.3650
9. 7517
15.8728
10. 8190
5. 6902
15.0955
2. 4090
7. 4938
11.7475
39. 6730
6. 4815
13.3140
.4447
6. 2465
11.0820
9. 4198
1. 7798
10. 1105
4.5335
15. 3977
10. 5903
19. 2G72
3. 0398
6. 7527
7.4158
5.1935
15. 0555
2.1.397
14. ()243
9. 2512
3. 1298
2. 8067
5. 8025
4. 6005
14. 0678
.6302
4. 1440
7. 9338
9.7107
10. 2290
2. 1420
7. 2200
11.4663
49. 5402
1. 6440
7.5453
. 8652
9. 7573
8. 69^^
13.4232
4. 0040
8. 6380
5.0113
2.3112
3. 3618
18. 3120
16. 5822
8. 7960
9. 5785
3. 0720
4. 6045
17. 4685
7.7510
100
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Melinta estate— ConVmwed.
Reyes, Bonifacio de los
Reyes, Candelaria de los
Reyes, Cayetano
Reyes, Ciriaca de los
Reyes, Cirilo de los
Reyes, Crisanto de los
Reyes, Domingo de los
Reyes, Eliceo
Reyes, Felipe de los
Reyes, Genaro de los
Reyes, Inoceticia de los
Reyes, Isidore
Reyes, Maroelo de los
Reyes, Mariano de los
Reyes, Mena
Reyes, Regino de los
Reyes, Roman de los
Reyes, Telesforo de los
Roberto, Francisca
Roberto, Rornualdo
Roinarao, Manuel
Rosa, Venaiicia de la
R osario, Andres del
Rosarlo, Potenciano del
Roque, Aguslin San
Roque, Juan San
Rodriguez, Francisca
Rodriguez, Quintina
RubioJ Gertrudes
Rnfmo, Ambrosio Santa
Salome, Raymunda
Salvador, Bonifacio
Salvador, JoscS
Salvador, Julia
Salvador, Monico
Salvador, Serviliano
Salvador, Serviliano
Samonte, Nazaria
Santiago, Apolinario
Santiago, Aureliano
Santiago, Benito
Santiago, Ciriaco
Santiago, Cirilo
Santiago, Faustino
Santiago, Gabriela
Santiago, Maria
Santiago, Nemesio Delfin
Santiago, Maria
Santiago, Mariano
Santiago, Petronila
Santiago, Pio
Santiago, Roque
Santiago, Saturnine
Santiago, Simeon
Santiago, Tomas
Santos, Angel de los
Santos, Antonio de los
Santos, Antonio de los
Santos, Bernardino de los
Santos, Ciriaco de los
Santos, Dionisio
Santos, Feliciano de los
Santos, Gualberto
Santos, Mariano de los
Santos, Paula de los
Santos, Pedro de los
Santos, Potenciana de los
Santos, Rornualdo
Santos, Severe de los
Santos, 'Teodora de los
Sarmiento, Ana
Sarmiento, Eulogio
Serrano, Buenaventura
Serrano, Juan
Serrano, Pascual
Serrano, Tiburcio
Serrano, Valentin
pur-
chased,
Area (in
acres).
5. 2598
1. 2082
34. 1428
2. 3577
4.7313
32. 4375
1. 4000
10. 0525
27. 2062
1. 6483
2. 7692
16. 9195
4. 3278
2. 7220
6. 6885
11.9052
14. 7788
19. 2935
3. 1390
2.2182
6. 3993
1. 1705
2. 4595
21. 6442
30.0513
.2470
3.5127
4.6028
10. 1032
9. 8308
6. 4720
7.5790
5. 9432
17. 5930
17. 7933
10. 8042
4. 7033
6. 9095
2. 4657
7.2515
11.3648
7. 3980
9. 2995
.9362
8. 8885
1.3115
122. 7780
4. 6835
4. 5853
2.0352
1. 5535
24. 8090
5. 6305
9.7715
9. 9053
3. 1087
11. 9230
4. 8578
3. 34.37
12. 5503
3. 9085
9. 0455
45. 9805
1.4217
2. 3263
.9855
7. 3992
. ('>300
1. 6365
19. 5373
6. 6445
2. 9243
12. 5820
6. 0023
97. 7072
57. 1898
6. 5730
Name of purchaser.
Melinta estate — Continued.
Sevilla, Hermogena de
Siddall, Theodore
Siderio, Ignacio
Silvestre, Bonifacia
Simon, Diego
Simon, Eucebio
Simon, Fehpe
Sellera, Gregorio
Soto, Julian de
Soto, Luisa de
Tadeo, Bonifacio
Teodoro, Juan
Teodoro, Victorio
Tercias, Domingo
Trinidad, Andrea
Trinidad, Benito
Trinidad, Leon
Trinidad, Maria
Urrutia, Clemente
Urrutia, Eleuterio
Urrutia, Francisco
Urrutia, Guillermo
Urrutia, Juana
Urrutia, Leon
Urrutia, Ludovico
Urrutia, Maxima
Urrutia, Merced
Urrutia, Pedro
Urrutia, Pelagio
Valenzuela, Anselmo
Valenzuela, Antonio
Valenzuela, Crispiniano A . . .
Valenzuela, Emilia
Valenzuela, Emilia
Valenzuela, Escolastico
Valenzuela, Feliza
Valenzuela, Francisco D
Valenzuela, Juana
Valenzuela, Maria
Valenzuela, Pascual
Valenzuela, Pedro
Valenzuela, Plo
Valenzuela, Rufmo D
Valenzuela, Rufino D
Valenzuela, Sotera
Vedana, Dalmacio
Vega, Bernabe de
Velilla, Victor
Villano, Anacleto
Villano, Saturnino
Villongco, Vicenta
Virgin ues, Venancio
Vivar, Tomas de
Waldroop, John R
Yamco, Apolonio
Zacarias, Francisco
Zacarias, Roberto
Zafra, Feliciano de
Zamora, Isabeloi
Zamora, Juana
Zamora, Sinforozo
Zufiiga, Anacleto
Zuhiga Placido
Zufiiga, Raymundo
Zuniga, Sixta
778 purchasers; 1,309 sales;
7,793.4245 acres.
Muntinlupa estate.
Abad, Jos^
Adolfo, Cirilo
Adolfo, Josefa
Adolfo, Juana
Adolfo, Ignacia
Aguinaldo, Evaristo
xarceis
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
17. 0605
1
1. 3882
3
24. 4033
1
1.0525
1
11. 1727
1
.5948
1
9. 1990
1
1. 6915
4
24. 7035
1
.3372
1
L0800
1
5. 4813
1
.2727
3
9. 7763
2
2. 9622
1
3.1450
3
3. 2950
2
5. 9520
1
1. 7325
1
1. 4810
1
1. 4320
1
1. 5155
1
.4653
4
35. 4162
3
3. 3010
1
13. 2558
5
39. 5097
1
3. 1823
3
6. 5342
1
2. 4930
2
25. 8123
2
12. 2325
1
.9795
1
7. 1472
1
3. 8245
1
5.7190
3
11. 3940
2
7. 2563
1
2. 7322
1
5. 2640
1
16. 0288
1
1.9612
7
53. 1648
2
13. 0210
1
4. 3255
1
2. 4720
6
19. 5102
1
8. 4373
1
4. 2845
1
4. 1420
2
30. 6822
6
23. 0788
2
4. 2002
2
4. 4403
2
20. 0370
1
4. 2612
1
6. 4473
4
21. 8032
2
9. 1608
1
4. 6562
2
5. 7713
1
4. 3387
1
15. 6035
1
3. 1200
1
4. 4258
.2912
4. 5890
, 9093
5. 4035
.8082
.4438
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
101
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Muntinlupa estate— Cont'd.
Alvarez, Felicia
Alvarez, Leoncia
Alviar, Marcos
Alviar, Pio
Amador, Marta
Ampaya, Isalas
Ampaya, Juan
Ampaya, Pedro
Aquino, Eusebio
Aquino, Matea
Arciaga, Agapito N
Arciaga, Agripina
Arciaga, Alejandra
Arciaga Montolo, Agapito
Arciaga, Benita
Arciaga, Benito
Arciaga, Bonifacio
Arciaga, Canuto
Arciaga, Catalino
Arciaga, Diego
Arciaga, Dionisio
Arciaga, Domingo
Arciaga, Dorotea
Arciaga, Eugenio
Arciaga, Engrasio
Arciaga, Faustino
Arciaga, Felix G
Arciaga, Gregoria
Arciaga y Bombasi, Gregorio
Arciaga, Gregorio y Tagle
Arciaga, Gregorio y Vivora. .
Arciaga, Guillermo
Arciaga, Joaquin
Arciaga, Juan
Arciaga, Juan Estole
Arciaga, Juana
Arciaga, Juanita
Arciaga, Leoncio
Arciaga, Macario
Arciaga, Maria
Arciaga y Umali Maria
Arciaga, Mateo
Arciaga, Maximo
Arciaga, Melencio
Arciaga, Monica
Arciaga, Pablo
Arciaga, Patricio
Arciaga, Pedro y Medina
Arciaga, Tagle Pedro
Arciaga, Perfecta
Arciaga, Placida
Arciaga, Policarpia
Arciaga, Ponciano
Arciaga, Regina
Arciaga, Regino
Arciaga, Rita
Arciaga, Santos
Arciaga, Serapia
Arciaga, Sesario
Arciaga, Severo
Arciaga, Silverio
Arciaga, Simcona
Arciaga, Teodoro
Arciaga, y Espiritu Tomas...
Arciaga, tJmale Tomas
Arciaga, Tranqullino
Arciaga, Victoriano
Arcilla, Pastor
Arc ilia, Petrona
Ar^valo, Anacleto
Ar6valo, Basilio
Ar^valo, Clemente
Ar^valo, Cristina
Ar^valo, Francisco
Ar^valo, Inocencia
Argame, Eusebio
Argame, Ysabel
Argana, Anatalia ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
0. 2870
3
.4697
1
.1753
1
.1132
1
. 5683
4
.6.7397
4
1. 8880
2
.4863
2
1. 6292
2
4. 7110
2
3. 4353
4
3. 0510
2
3. 9632
1
. 2638
11
28. 4065
2
.2915
3
5. 9235
1
.1252
2
1. 6628
3
2. 7855
5
7. 7872
2
. 7760
1
4. 1370
1
.2278
1
.4085
1
.2845
1
.0895
1
.1437
1
1. 0845
3
3. 1450
4
8. 3383
3
2. 1497
1
.2060
1
1. 7830
4
5. 0455
2
2. 8065
2
. 2745
1
.1588
3
5. 8525
4
.7920
1
.5115
5
3. 0592
2
1. 2100
1
.1615
1
.0825
1
.2100
2
6. 9225
1
.1680
4
4. 4558
4
3. 5995
1
.4160
2
. 1825
3
2. 6502
3
. 9955
4
4.2590
1
. 1825
6
6. 8718
2
. 4362
6
2.8038
5
2. 0790
1
.2502
1
.1250
1
.2028
3
2. 9302
3
2. 6993
5
3. 0035
3
5. 5767
1
.2430
2
.2610
7
4. 5148
4
9. 8727
1
5.0790
2
10. 7090
4
2. 1475
2
.1635
2
.6505
1
.2325
1
.2935
Name of purchaser.
Muntinlupa estate—Cont'd.
Argana, Eleuterio
Argana, Estanislao
Argana, Francisca
Argana, Francisco
Argana, Ygnacio
Argana, Lucio
Argana, Marcos
Argana, Petrona
Argana, Santiago
Argana, Tereza
Argana, Venancia
Argana, Yrene
Arisaleta, Faustino
Arnais, Crispulo
Baldwin, Young & Baldwin.
Baleda, Anastacio
Baltazar, Mariano
Bastiva, Eduardo
Bautista, Alipio
Bautista, Estanislao
Bautista, Victor
Bayanan Plantation Syndi-
cate
Beltran, Dionisia
Bernal, Angel
Bernandino, Esteban
Biyaya, Feliciano
Bolera, Perfecto
Bombasi, Eduviges
Bombasi, Leoncia
Bombasi, Pedro
Bombasi, Petrona
Brigola, Juan
Buenafior, Roman
Buladas, Paulino
Bufii, Atanacio
Bufii, Ignacio
Buiii, Lazaro
Bufii, Leon
Buni, Lino
Bufii, Macario
Buni , Magdalena
Buni, Manuela
Buni, Mateo
Buni, Mauricia
Bufii, Torcuato
Bufii, Ygnacio
Calalang, Braulio
Calalang, Florentine
Carlos, Zacarias
Carubio, A lojandra
Carubio, Mareelino
Cauili, Victoriano
Claridad, Policarpio
Claudel, Ceeilio
Castillo, Alberto
Colete, Floroncio
Coronel, Antonina
Cruz, Felipe de la
Cruz, Lorenzo de la
Cruz, Patricio de la
Cruz, Raymunda de la
Cruz, Salvador
Cristobal, Antonia
Davis, J. L
Diaz, Andres J
Diaz, Antonio
Diaz, Candido
Diaz, Catalina
Diaz, Florencio
Diaz, Francisco
Diaz y Espiritu, Francisco...
Diaz, Gavmo
Diaz, Melecio
Diaz, Pacifico
DoUaben, Felix
Dolleton, Dionisio
Dolleiton, Lorenzo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1. 2340
.3123
3. 4327
.4080
.6335
.1205
.4038
.0867
4.0703
.9497
.2450
.2088
.2015
.1560
770. 7165
2.5077
.6750
2. 4765
12. 3258
2. 0722
17. 9033
307. 5040
1. 1782
.1420
.3290
.9050
.9710
.8570
.6295
.3137
.3520
.1428
.0510
7. 6257
.2285
.3860
.1555
1. 5988
8. 4670
3. 0267
8. 8855
.3805
6. 8842
2. 6518
1. 2337
1. 1558
. 1537
. 9688
11. 5312
.1305
.8030
3. 3453
6.8242
2. 6343
2. 1285
.2742
.2420
.0503
.1747
.3820
.0755
1. 6865
.6853
[,874.6730
7. 2810
5. 2655
3. 0765
10. 3210
2. 8347
13. 1048
.1267
6. 0618
6. 5277
4.2408
.1880
4. 0710
10. 7716
102
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Muntinlwpa estate— ConV&.
Dolleiton, Ysabcl
Dolleton , Ysa' elo
Bolleton, Adriaiio
Doileton, Anicel a
Dolleton, DioTiisio
Dolleton, Jos6
Dolleton, Tomas
Dolleton y Estole, Tomas . . .
Duelas, Paula
Duelas, Regino
Eliceo, Teodora
Ercita, Baldoiiera
Espeleta, Adriana
Espeleta, Bonifacia
Espeleta, Estanislao
Espeleta, G
Espeleta, Juliana
Espeleta, Magdaleno
Espeleta, Meleqio
Espeleta, Ilufmo
Espeleta, Tomasa
Espeleta, Tranquilino
Esporlas, Francisco
Esporlas y Gelapo, Francisco
Esporlas, Hilario
Estanoso, Andres ,
Esteban, Rufmo
Estole, Cecilia
Estole, Cipriano
Estole, Dinias
Estole, Domingo
Estomata, Lucindo
Estomata, Rosendo
Fabian, Gregorio
Fabian, Fal)lo
Fabian, Severino
Fabian, Tomas
Fajardo, Alejo
Fresnedi, Baldonsero
Fresnedi, Frar^cisco
Fresnedi, Irene
Fresnedi, Juana
Fresnedi, Marcelo
Fresnedi, I'aula
Fresnedi, Segimdo
Fresnedi, Sotero
Garation, Claudio
Garcia, Antonio
Garcia, Apolinario
Garcia, Cirila
Garcia, Felipa
Garcia, Julia
Garcia, Leon
Garcia, Leoncio
Garcia, Macario
Garcia, Maximo
Garcia, Pablo
Garcia, Victor
Geremillo, Eugenio
Gonzales, Elino
Gonzales, Pedro
Gravador, Dionisio
Gravador, Felix
Gravador, Narciso
Gravador, Pedro
Gravador, Sixta
Gravador, Vicente
Guapesa, Lorenzo
Guapesa, Rufmo
Guapesa, Ynes
Guardacasa, Fiorentino
Guardailao, Ciriaco
Guarico, Braulio
Guarico, Inocencia
Guarico, Leoncia
Guarico, Mariano
Guevara, Antonino
Gutierrez, Benito
Parcels
pur-
chased
Area (in
acres).
2
3. 7352
6
4. 2()()8
2
.4155
1
3. 8785
7
10. 1865
8
10. 5240
2
.4787
3
4.7343
1
.2177
1
4. 8470
2
.4290
2
2. 0618
1
.1470
1
.3170
19
106.0045
1
.1332
1
. 1133
2
1. 1007
2
7.9010
1
. 1143
1
.1037
2
. 3300
2
4. 9940
3
5.0160
3
4. 9227
2
7. 9C;98
3
4. 6257
2
. 6365
1
4. 4173
2
. 3445
2
.3312
3
1.0213
1
. 0817
2
4. 7568
3
4. 6547
2
. 2945
1
. 3728
2
.8380
4
3. 2512
4
5. 4838
1
.1085
1
.1135
3
2. 0127
2
11.5573
1
. 2837
4
5. 9285
2
.7853
1
.2730
3
1.1185
4
6.1370
1
.2140
3
3. 6890
5
3. 5690
2
. 2512
3
1.4995
5
8. 2525
3
. 5645
5
4.9522
10
12. 5080
(i
10. 7393
4
4. 0392
2
2. 3925
3
2. 8550
1
.2428
2
1.2922
3
. 4435
1
1.2030
14
17. 7435
4
9.1515
2
2. 7245
1
.1738
3
.5272
4
7.0970
4
3. 5395
1
2. 4048
6
5.3417
18
28. 3908
2
.3370
Name of purchaser.
Muntinlupa estate— Cont'^
Gutierrez, Florencio
Gutierrez, Ubaldo
Hernandez, Guillermo
Intenta, Paula
Intenta, Romana
Jaojoco, Antonio
Joaquin, Feliciano
Joaquin, Vidal
Juan, Juana, San
Landrito, Eduarda
Landrito, Eustaquio
Landrito, Justiniano
Landrito, Luis
Landrito, Mateo
Landrito, Sixto
Licio, Esteban
Loraya, Dalmacia
Loresca, Leon
Loresca, Nicasio
Loresca, Pelagio
Lorica, Glare
Lorica, Esteban
Lumeda, Narciso
Macasado, Severino
Magpantay, Flora
Magpantay, Santiago
Malaca, Feliciano
Malaca, Florencio ,
Malaca, Gavina
Malaca, Maria
Malaca, Pedro
Malaca, Teodorico
Maniego, Lazaro
Manila Railroad Co., The.. .
Mc-Fie, E. R
Marfil, Tomas
Mariategui, Lupo
Maritana, Bernardino
Maritana, Juan
Maritana, Justo
Maritana, Paula
Maritana, Tereza
Marmeto, Leoncio
Martinez, Severo
Martinez, Victorina
Medina, Claudio
Medina, Feliciano
Medina, Honorio
Medina, Juan
Medina, Lorenzo
Medina, Luis
Medina, Simon
Medina, Tomasa
Medina, Vicente
Mellama, Francisco
Mendiola, Florencio
Mesa, Alberto de
Mesa, Anastasio de
Mesa, Faustino de
Mesa, Gaudencio
Mesa, Juan de
Mesa, Monica de
Mesa, Rufma de
Mesa, Severo de
Mesa. Valente de
Menaoza, Eleuterio
Milled, Moises
Miranda, Guillermo
Mirando, Seferino
Moldes, Santos
Moldes, Faustina
Moldes, Perfecto
Moldes, Raymunda
Moldes, Santos
Moldes, Simeon
Moldes, Sotero
Molera, Arcadio
Molera, Perfecto
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
103
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, shoiting
the estates upon tdiich the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Muntiniupa estate— Cont'd.
Mollet, Juan
Monte, Benito del
Monte, Eulogio del
Monte, Juan del
Monte, Manuel del
Monte, Maximo del
Montellano, Juan
Montellano, Maxima
Montellano, Paulino
Montellano, Ponciano
Montellano, Valentina
Montellano, Vicente
Montolo, Fernando
Montola, Romana
Moso, Juan
Nati vidad, Guillermo
Navarro, Agaton
Navarro, Aguido
Navarro, Alfonzo
Navarro, Antonio
Navarro, Apolonia
Navarro, Candida
Navarro y Medina, Candida.
Navarro y de Jesus, Catalina.
Navarro y Mendoza, Catalina
Navarro, Cornello
Navarro, Epifania
Navarro, Evarlsto
Navarro, Fausta
Navarro, Feliciano
Navarro, Felipa
Navarro, Florencio
Navarro, Gervacia
Navarro, Isidoro
Navarro, Leoncia
Navarro, Luis
Navarro, Macario
Navarro, Mamerta
Navarro, Manuela
Navarro, Regino
Navarro, Teodora
Navarro, Zacarias
Nofuente, Basillo
Obispo, Eustaquio
Olivares, Anastacio
Oncena, Hilaria
Onella, Calixto
Onella, Donata
Onella, Ysabelo
Onsanada, Pacifico
Ordonez, Eustaquia
Orendain, Jos6
Orillana, Agripina
Orillana, Ambrocio
Orillana, Felipe
Padilla, Emlgdio
Padilla, Maria
Padilla, Simeona
Papa, Roman
Partosa, Joaquin
Pasion, Balbina
Pasion, Cipriana
Pasion, Clara
Pasion, Maxima.
Patriarca, Pedro
Pedro, Hilarion San
Pedro, Juan S
Pedro, Nicacio San
Pili,Candido
Pili, Catalina
Pill, Tomasa
Policarpio, Florencia
Ponce, Maria
Ponce, Segunda
Ponsones, Anastacia
Ponsones, Simeon ,
Porciuncula, Lucia ,
Porcincula, Lucio ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
8
0. 9135
1
.104?
2
.3230
3
13. 9125
1
1.3370
1
.1178
1
.0972
2
2. 8400
2
1. 8685
1
.3890
4
5. 2137
3
1. 7653
I
.1903
2
2. 4770
4
9.2543
2
.5517
3
.9100
4
3.0183
2
.4072
2
4. 7800
1
.1035
2
.4183
1
. 6925
3
3.8235
3
.9580
2
5. 3707
2
.2853
7
25. 4220
1
.1192
4
7.3873
1
.1445
1
.1737
2
.5578
2
.4287
2
.4545
2
1. 1993
3
3. 7482
2
.4050
3
.3915
3
-4865
1
.1945
4
4. 2898
1
4. 8585
1
1. 0180
2
8.0742
5
4. 9668
1
. 5402
2
.2720
2
1. 6903
3
5. 3995
3
2. 6320
2
. 2045
1
.1892
3
4. 2338
2
5. 0002
3
13. 0870
1
. 0()33
4
5. 9880
3
.8742
2
6. 3438
12
12. 9265
1
. 2955
1
.3177
1
.3288
1
.2157
2
.4245
4
9. 3120
1
.0608
2
. 4245
1
1. 0320
1
. 0960
3
.6347
1
.1815
2
2. 5848
2
.1517
4
5.0293
1
2. 0792
1
.2815
Name of purchaser.
Muntiniupa estate — Cont'd.
Porcincula, Victoriano
Purtasio, Hilarion
Purtasio, Pablo
Pullensa, Basilio
Pullensa, Escolastico
Punsalan, Francisco
Purilicacion, Claudio
Ramos, Nicolas
Redulfo, Jos6
Reydemano, Luis
Raymundo, Santos
Remundo, Segundo
Rivera, Alfonzo
Rosaura, Felix
Rosaura, Juan
Salamon, Leoncio
Salamon, Monico
Salomon, Nasaria
Salomon, Vicente
Salomon, Ysabel
Santos, Pedro de los
Santos, Tranquilino de los.
Serrano, Severo
Sibal, Cipriano
Sibal, Ciriaco
Sil vestre, Tomasa
Sinoc, Jos6
Solacito, Nicacio^
Solacito, Roman
Solegan, Eleuteria
Solema, Lucio
Soles, Catalina
Somos, Antonio
Soriano, Aguida
Soriano, Ceferino
Soriano, Damaso
Soriano, Lucio
Soriano, Valeriano
Sulema, Fermin
Tacbad, Margarita
Tagle, Cclestino
Tagle, Mateo
Tagle, Santiago
Tensuan, Vicente
Tolentino, Leoncia
Tolentino, Pedro
Tolentino, Raymundo
Torres, Canuta
Trinidad, Cornelio
Trinidad, Roberto
Trozado, Eulalio
Trozado, Felipe
Trozado, Maximo
Unella, Gregorio
Unira, Agaton
Unira, Pedro
(Unira, Ysidoro)
Unisa, Maximo
Velazco, J^iraulio
Velazco, Felicidad
Velazco , Juliana
Victa, Rufino
Vidal, Esteban
Villamaria, Macario
Villanueva, Eugenio
Villanueva, Julian
Villanueva, Lorenzo
Villanueva, Luis
Vinalon, Genoveba
Viiialon, Guillerma
Vifialon, Juan
Vifialon, Lope
Vinalon, Luis
Vifialon, Martina
Vifialon y Eliceo, Pedro. . .
Vivo, Gregorio
Vivo, Liigo
1 Vivo, Pedro
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
18. 4040
. 6198
4. 3070
2. 9750
2. 2915
13. 6862
2. 8058
.1052
. 1035
.0790
. 5685
. 2030
.1048
.3525
.6237
1. 4183
.2437
5. 5615
2. 1918
2. 1865
.1830
.5560
.2655
3. 7460
.5607
.2965
.1565
1. 1557
1. 0437
.1915
. 4600
3. 1428
13. 5712
.3915
2. 6700
.0883
1. 6085
,9055
.1220
.3763
4. 6602
6. 5703
.1505
32. 6690
.0970
2.8565
2. 2835
5. 2107
.2930
.1853
.4927
.2720
3. 9410
5. 5105
.2688
. 3695
4. 4705
.0692
.3920
.4710
10. 5008
.1087
. 4615
3.8650-
6. 0040
2. 3745
1. 3223
. 2340
.1090
.6185
7. 2297
2. 9278
13. 3182
.1410
5. 0348
2. 0940
.5577
9.8143
104
ADMIIsriSTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Muntinlupa estate — Cont'd.
Vivo, Victor
Vivora, Ciriaco
Wickersham, Ysabel
Willey , Agripina
Ynsorio, Doroteo
478 purchasers; 1,253 sales:
4,543.0058 acres.
Naic estate.
Aatafigan, Andrea
Aatangan, B14s
Aatafigan, Jos6
Aatafigan, Melecio
Abad, Candida
Abad, Eduardo
Abad, Josefa
Abad, Laureano
Abad, Lucas
Abad, Marcela
Abad, Riifma
Abad , Silvestre
Abad . Vicenta
Abadilla, Rosa
Abeledo. Maria
Abueg, Rita
Acosta, Fermln
Acosta, Isidoro
Aguilar, Quintin
Alamang, Eulogia
Alamang, Genoveva
Alamang, Jos(5
Alamang, Margarita
Alamang, Maximina
Alamang, I^uiino
Alano, Alfonso
Alc&ntara, Eugenio
Almario, Fabi4n
Almario, Vicenta
Amazona, Perpetua
Andaya, Ignacia
Andridn, Antonio
Andri<5n, Leoncia
Angeles, Albino M
Angeles, Isabel M. de
Anglo, Sixto ,
Anico, Isidro
Anlnasat, Bonifacio
Anor, Valentlna
Anteojo, Antonio
Anteojo, Juliana
Anteojo, Miguel
Antipala, Maximo
Anuat, Antonio
Anuat, T31asica
Anuat, Dami4n
Anuat, Elias
Anuat, Maria
Anuat, Reimunda
Anuat, Ygnacio
Afiil, Damaso
Apaya, Escol4stica
Apaya, Escolastica
' Apaya, Justo
Apaya, Mateo
Api, Demetria
Apita, Enrique
Apo, Francisco
Aporra, Segunda
Apute, Clemente
Apute, Lucas
Apute, Pedro
Apute, Sixta
Aquino, Antonio
Aquino, Petrona
Aquino, Salom^
Arandia, Donato
Arandia, Jovita
Arandia, Marcelino
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1. 1040
10. 5750
7.0115
4. 4125
6.0547
6. 3847
7. 8348
100. 4657
IL 1165
.1530
.3123
2. 61G0
. 2257
. 5480
.0935
.0480
.0710
.9973
.8352
.0625
.2548
L 8135
.0405
.1477
.1230
.2898
.1892
.1025
.0845
.2110
31. 1000
1. 4888
.7097
.1435
.0290
. 1440
.0830
.0975
22. 0485
16. 8960
33. 9988
.2035
.0900
. 1222
6. 6930
7. 8800
.2083
. 2525
2. 9415
2. 9497
18. 9923
12. 0860
1. 7040
.1625
.0995
.4275
1. 7487
2. 3350
. 0698
,0628
.0830
.2285
.2627
.0955
.5828
. 1405
2. 1245
. 1490
.2100
.1235
.0655
.4000
. 1815
.2575
Name of purchaser.
Naic estate — Continued,
Arayata, Antonina
Arcay, Julia
Arcay , Teresa
Arcedon, M6nica
Arcena, Feliciana
Arcena, Juan
Arcena, Ivucas
Arcena, Margarita
Arcena, Maria
Arcena, Severino
Arc6n, Nosa
Arenas, Antonino
Arenas, Apolonio
Arenas, Augusto
Arenas, Bibiana
Arenas, B14s
Arenas, Caya
Arenas, Dominga
Arenas, Fernando
Arenas, Juana
Arenas, Lucena
Arenas, Macario
Arenas, Mamerto
Arenas, Maria
Arenas, Maria
Arenas, Miguel M
Arenas, Simedn
Argotas, Eduvigis
Arguelles, Antonia. . .
A rguelles , 13 altazar
Arguelles, Felipa
Arguelles, Le(5n
Arguelles, Pio
Arguelles, Teresa
Astuar, Gervasio
Astuar, Melitdn
Asunci<3n, Francisco
A tienza, Teodoro
Avilla, Ambrosio
A villa, Arist6n
Avilla, II ilari<5n
Avilla, Severino
Awa, A gustln
Awa, Marcela
Awa, Rosa
Bacay, Aniceto
Bahia, A guedo
Baitan, Marta
Bar6n, Raymunda
Barrera, Anastasia
Barrera, Manuel
Barrera, Margarita
Baterreza, Jos6
Bautista, Cornelio
Bautista, Josefa
Bautista, Pedro
Bayan, Gavina
Baytan, Isabel
Bay tan, Luis
Beelar, Charles
Beligon, In^s
Beligon, Leonida
Beltrto, Isabel
Bello, Luis
Benedicto, Cipriano
Benedicto, Soledad
Benitez, Esteban
Bergado, Maria
Bergado, Rafael
Bernabd, Basilia
Bernab^, Pantaledn
Bernal, Mdximo
Bersinda, Fermlna
Bertolano, Anastasia
Bigalbal, Antonina
Bigapas, Severo
Binasa, Dorotea
Bihasa, Francfeco
BIhasa, Lorenzo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 0922
.1155
.0605
.0408
.0925
6. 6957
.0728
4. 0367
.1168
8. 1047
5. 1833
12. 1565
4. 3637
8.8485
8. 1743
12. 3905
155. 5122
4. 4775
37. 0615
16. 3283
.0225
.2110
6. 6787
.0298
7. 5785
9. 4357
36. 0300
9.0068
.1902
17. 0363
1. 5707
4. 3975
.0523
9. 4565
2.5310
4. 0637
.2705
.0865
14.9935
.1403
.3997
3.3210
.3620
.1820
.1805
7.4737
.3275
.0685
.0348
.4055
.2368
.0987
.0613
.8532
.0218
.0887
.0910
10.0133
.3012
206.8000
.1008
.4077
.0518
. 1625
19. 1660
11.1535
5. 5802
.0925
.1120
4. 4148
3.3635
.4145
.0895
.0772
.1533
.0715
10.3326
2. 1557
.1735
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS,
105
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Nate estate— Continued .
Bihasa, Remigio
Bilan, Matias
Binatd, Cirila
Binato, Pedro
Binat6, Ponciano
Binatd, Sotera
Binitay , Ynes
Bintol, Cd-ndido
Bintol, Cornelio
Bintol, Francisco
Bintol, ]\Januel
Bintol, Ursula
Binoncal, Demetria
Binoncal, Eleuteria
Bisa, Antonio
Bisa, Lucia
Bisain, Ctodida
Bisain, Emiliana
Bisain, Valentina
Boda, Buenaventura de.
Boda, Florentina de
Boda, Jorge de
Buenaflor, Guillermo
Buenavista, Rosenda
Buenviaje, Eustaquia. . .
Buhain, Bernardo
Bahain, Bernardo
Bustamente, C ipriano. . .
Bustamente, C lara
Bustamente, Claro
Bustamente, Cristobal-. .
Bustamente, Dionisio. . .
Bustamente, Emiliana. .
Bustamente, Fidel
Bustamente, Isidro
Bustamente, Simedn
Bustamente, Teodora
Cabarrubio, Marta
Cabasi, Isabel
Cabrera, Jacinto
Cabunt(5n, Sinforosa
Cachao, Luis
Caildn, Manuela
Cailao, Basilio
Cailao, Gregoria
Cailao, Honorato
Cailao, In6z
Cailao, Pablo
Cailao, Rita
Cailao, Rulino
Cailao, Ruperta
Caina, Lucia
Caina, Simplicio
Caina, Vicenta
Caina, Victorino
Cajapin, Laureano
Calantog, Jos6
Calantog, Maria
Calantog, Mdxima
Calantog, Rafael
Calantog, Rita
Caldoso, Macario
Caliwanagan, Juana
Canseco, Josefa
Canseco, Telesforo
Caparas, Alejandro
Capar4s, Bernardo
Capar4s, Francisco
Carencia, Pedro
Casafiada, Saturnino
Castillo, Simplicio
Castro, Antonia f'e
Castro, Antonio de
Castro, Isabelo de
Castro, Modesta de
Castro, Teodora de
Catahan, Eusehi >
Catcalin, Melecio
Parcels
pur-
chased
Area (in
acres).
0. 7505
.0477
.0685
1. 1200
12.3392
.0495
5.1458
7.4212
.8508
.1277
5.0600
.0543
6.5882
3.3045
.1478
.1432
.0958
.1182
.1760
3. 5405
3. 2728
4. 8130
7. 0210
.1412
6. 4638
7. 2832
.2708
3. 2847
.0213
16. 3805
338. 9100
9. 3742
.0368
6.6085
.0290
13. 5960
18. 7937
7. 8315
. 0175
1. 9953
.0735
.1412
.1918
6. 5360
.1602
5. 1053
.1430
.0400
5. 5755
.0485
5. 8800
.7620
4. 6242
.2690
.2848
.3087
.0453
3. 5065
.0292
.1588
.0530
5. 6185
.0720
28. 1160
28. 1207
6. 5323
.0810
.0245
.0642
3. 2705
.1188
22. 8482
13.0950
.1038
26.3752
37.9685
. 2875
.1465
Name of purchaser.
Naic e«to<e— Continued,
Catibayan, Alejandra
Catibayan, Agat<5n
Catibayan, Daniel
Catibayan, Filoraeno
Catibayan, Genoveva
Catibayan, Pedro
Cntibayan, Valeria
Catibayan, Valeriano
Catig, Pascual
Catimon, Atanasia
Catimon, Paulina
Catoto, Marcelo
Catubig, Camila
Catubo, Dominga
Catubo, Leoncia
Caturay, Dominga
Cawad, Bernabe
Cawad, Dominga
Cawad, Eulalia
Cawad, Lorenzo
Cawad, Marcelo
Cawasa, Hilaria
Cawel, Paulina
Cawit, Gavina
Cawitj Rita
Cayarian, Arcadia
Cayas, Angela
Cayas, Balbina
Cayas, Crispina
Cayas, Epifania
Cayas, Hermenegildo
Cayas, Jos^
Cayas, Manuela
Cayas, Modesta
Cayas, Paula
Cayas, Potenciaua
Cayas, Teresa
Cayas, Teodora
Cayas, Tom^s
Cayas, Victoria
Cebu, Catalina
Cebil, Paula
Cena, Alejandro
Cena, Andrea
Cena, B14s
Cena, Braulia
Cena, Doroteo
Cena, Lorenzo
Cernal, Basilia
Concepcidn, Marcelino
Constantino, Donate
Constantino, Romana
Constantino, Rita
Cordero, Lorenza
Cordero, Remigia
Cordero, Saturnino
Corpus, Eleuterio
Corpus, Felipe
Corpus, Francisco
Corpus, Lorenzo
Cornejo, Vicente
Coronel, Lucfa
Cruz, Fabiana de la
Cruz, Zoila de la
Custodio, Serapia
Datuon, Ciriaco
David, Aleje
David, Filomeno
Darid, Gavina
David, Lsabel
David, Juan
David, Sime6n
David, Susana. .:
Descallar, Crisanto
Descallar, Marcelino
Dichii^kong, Mariano
Digo, Florencio
Dimaala, Le<5n
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area fin
acres).
12.
115.
43.
3487
2048
3640
2698
8032
2340
6373
2495
5655
4725
0290
0525
2467
0478
0607
2363
3092
2333
3665
5055
4505
7576
2372
2278
2677
1880
1465
8955
4265
2438
0882
2335
1370
1465
3300
0718
2767
0610
0418
2570
9647
6713
5075
1102
5928
1857
0988
1645
0520
3587
1065
0313
2732
2638
3285
3972
8105
4338
4237
1773
1710
3752
0420
2760
7596
3243
if070
1892
4325
8446
2230
1603
5992
2965
5355
1723
1416
0320
82278°—H. Kept. 2289, Gl-3 11
106
ADMINISTKATIOIsr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Naic «fa<c— Continued.
Dimaala, Pedro
DImaala. Tomii^
Dimapilis, Doroteo
Dimapilis, Luisa
Dlfio, Eugenia
Diosomlto, Gervasia
Dlosomito, Marcos
Diosomito, Pablo
Diosomito, Timoteo
Diosomito, Vicente
Diosomito, Vicente, and Sa-
bas de Guzman
Dolap, Gliceria
Dolap, Pedro
Dolotan, Pio
Dualan, Blasia
Dualan, Camilo
Dualan, Luis
Dualan, Tom^s
Dualan, Valentin
Duit, Teodora
Dulag, Barbara
Echenique, Baldomera
Elizaga, Florencio
Encamacidn, DAmasa
Encamacidn, Jos6
Encamacidn, Jovita
Encamaci<5n, LAzaro
Encarnacidn, Paciencia
Enearnaci6n, Kuperto
Encamacidn, Vicente
Enriquez, Francisco
Enriquez, Regina
Enriquez, Tita *.
Esguerra, Escol&stica
Esguerra, Nicol&s
Espinoza, Mariano
Felizarda, Apolinaria
Flguerroa, Alejandra
Frugalidad, Martina
Frugalidad, Oliva
Frugalidad, Victor
Ganibe, Gliceria
Garcia, Juan
Garcia, Miguel
Garcia, Ursula
Gatdula, Felipe
Ger(5n, Placida
Gimay A, Cayetano
Girdn, Florencio
Gir6n, Froilan
Gir<5u, Ines
Gituan, Bibiana
Gltuan, Cayetana
Gituan, Florentina
Gituan, Maria
Gituan, Susana
Gonzaga, Dionisia
Gonzales, Albina
Gonzales, Andres
Gonzales, Josefa
Gonzales, Juana
Gonzales, Simeon
Gordovin, Benito
Gordovin, Telesforo .J,
Guevarra, Andres
Guinto, Claudia
Gumagis, EscolAstica
Gumapas, Angel
Gumapas, Daniel —
Gumapas, Ignacio
Gumapas, Maria ,
Gumapas, Petronila
Gumapi, Felipe
Gumlay, Bonifacio
Gumlay, Jorge
Gutierrez, Cornelia
Gutierrez, Valeriano
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 2385
. 0012
.0510
. 0753
.3077
21. 1425
7. 5505
1. 5303
12. 1270
7. 1072
1
4. 7705
1
7. 1583
6
17. 7347
8
4. 8325
2
5.3715
1
4. 6948
1
.0387
2
4. 2925
1
.2323
1
.1435
1
.1367
5
77. 5460
I
8. 2618
1
.0830
1
1. 1860
1
.0582
3
15. 8733
1
.6597
3
11.2110
1
.1510
1
.1160
1
.0128
1
.9572
1
1.5143
1
.2280
1
2.4002
(>
25.6568
1
.9790
1
.0687
1
.0923
1
.1570
1
.1095
2
6.4732
3
82.9795
1
.3260
2
16. 0883
1
.7390
1
.2077
1
.0910
1
1.3535
1
.5720
3
23. 7723
1
8. 4990
2
18.8657
4
31.7425
2
5.4735
1
.0913
1
12.9780
3
9. 1182
1
6.2060
1
3.2870
1
.2713
1
.4020
1
.3180
1
13.4590
1
.0895
1
13.4172
3
5.3388
.1440
1
.0547
2
7.7300
1
.0303
2
.4092
1
.0713
I
.1162
1
.0625
1 i
.1475
Name of purchaser.
Naic Mtofg— Continued.
Guzm&n, Benedicta
Guzman, Sabas de
Halile, Anastasio
Hepas, Nicolasa
Hernandez, Bonifacio
Hernandez, Faustino
Hernandez, Isidor
Hernandez, Jose
Hernandez, Pedro
Herrera, Lope
Herrera, Maria
Hicaro, Narciso
Himaya, Cristobal
Himpil, Maria
Hinanon, Ana
Hinahon, Andrea
Hinahon, Anton la
Hinahon, Brlgida
Hinahon, Florencia
Hinahon, Honoria
Hinahon, Maxima. ...
Hinahon, Reducindo .
Hinahon, Zoilo
Hinalog, Donato
Hinalog, Francisco
Hinalog, L&zaro
Hinay, Bonifacio
Hintay, Tom4s
Ibaflez, Cristina
Ibafiez, Lucio
Ibas, Pedro
Icasiano, Manuela
Hog, Caridad
Hog, Hilario . ,
Hog, Juan
Hog, Lorenzo
Hog, Melenciana
Hog, Pascual
Hog, Rita
Hog, In6s
Imbis, Ignacio
Imperial, Anastasia
Incoy, Vicente
Joco, Alejandra
Joco, Basilio
Joco, Cannon
Joco, Vicente
Jocson, Anaeleta
Jocson, Ponigunda
Jocson, Doroteo
Jocson, Genoveva
Jocson, Inocencio
Jocson, Marta
Jocson, Ruperto
Javier, Angela
Javier, Eugenia
Javier, Felicano
Javier, Juana
Javier, Julian
Javier, Laureana
Jos4, Dionisio San
Joloya, Domingo
Joloya, Emilia
Joloya, Hermenegilda
Joloya, Pedro
Judal, Felipe
Juan, Macario San
Juan, Maria San
Juan, Tomds San
Jimenez, Leoncio
Lamio, Raymnndo
Lanco, Ong
Lao, Yap
Ledesma, Agatona
Ledesma, Francisco..
Ledesma, Ignacio.
Ledesma, Severina
Legaspl, Eugenia
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.0708
10.5236
.0650
.0330
9. 0385
.0700
.1827
.1485
.4675
.2183
.1412
.0913
1. 0440
6.8810
3. 8405
3. 6865
10. 8482
.1748
.0102
72. 4225
.4430
13.9583
2. 1567
.1273
3. 7647
3. 1178
.1020
. 0567
12. 7743
. 0360
.2430
8. 6172
19. 3668
.0865
9. 7467
15. 6590
.2398
8. 9297
.0455
.0355
.8163
.0600
29. 7412
14. 1353
2. 3042
.0355
65. 4980
.0868
.0777
12. 1625
19. 3605
24. 9773
14. 9292
35. 3273
.5745
.0605
.0687
17. 1525
.1633
3. 1375
.1585
.6130
.2045
.2215
.1140
.2125
.0510
.4870
6.8990
.4940
.1370
.0632
.0505
.8685
4.7803
.0527
9.4358
L8968
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
107
Complete list o^ purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Naic estate— Continued
Legaspi, Leoncia
Leola, Bruno
Leon, Faustino de
Ledn, Simeona de
Leuterio, Filomena
Lingato, Maria
Ligaya, Isidro
Lincod, Julia
Lirio, Arcadia
Loba, Just ina
Loba, Maria
Loba, Pablo
Lobag, Basilisa
Lobag, Doininga
Lobag, Juliana
Lobag, Le(3n
Lobag, Marta
Lobag, Modesta
Lobag, Vicente
Locton, Bernabela
Lomat, Maria
Lomat, Patricia
Lomat, Regina
L6pez, Alfonso
L6pez, Ignacia
Lorenzo Gochoco, Jos6
Loyola, Maria
Loyola, Saturnino
Loyola, Santiago de
Lubag, A lejo
Lubag, Catalina
Lubag, Crispulo
Lubag, Severino
Lucban, Tom^s
Lucban. Victoria
Lucirit, Luisa
Lugami, Delfina
Lupa, Tomasa
Luz, Rufina
Llanosa, Jacinta
Macalindong, Crispina
Macatafigay, Pedro
Madlangbayan, Bernabe..
Madrlaga, Apolonio
Madriaga, Segundo
Madriaga, Valentina
Magbago, Josefa
Malimbang, Gertrudes
Malimbang, Leocadia
Malinao, Fortunata
Malinao, Juan
Maluto, Jacinto
Manalaysay, Feliciano
Manalo, Alejandra
Manalo, Antero
Manalo, Antonio
Manalo, Benigno
Manalo, Catalina
Manalo, Celedonia
Manalo, Epifania
Manalo, Gregorio
Manalo, Lucena
Manalo, Marcela
Manalo, Martin
Manalo, Matea
Manalo, Maxima
Manalo, Pedro
Manalo, Prisca
Manalo, Ramon
Manalo, RulSno
Manalo, Isidore
Manibunas, Jos^,
Mariano, Romfi,n
Marq uez, Jorge
Martinez, Apolinaria
Martinez, Filomona
Martinez, Genove va
Martinez, Gregorio : .
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 3018
.5577
.1083
.0220
.1022
.0543
.5140
6. 8097
1.2650
.1313
.0445
.5870
.1610
.2645
1. 6395
.1365
.0835
.0422
.0960
2. 8023
.2290
.1540
.7570
.0347
19. 3750
. 0260
.3180
10. 2592
.1945
.1930
.0665
' . 0740
.2875
.9880
.0530
.1412
.5030
.9308
.0147
.0610
.0838
.1230
10. 0782
.1495
.1613
.1137
11. 7455
.1100
.0913
.1630
.2520
.1240
12. 9190
.1220
. 1687
20. 1485
.0680
.2840
21. 3573
.1595
5.8532
7. 6135
.0713
.4205
.1432
1. 4303
.0637
.3595
7.2415
1.0315
6. 7350
.3108
.3845
.1552
.0395
10. 8488
3. 4620
.0477
Name of purchaser.
Naic esiafg— Continued
Martinez, Lorenzo
Martinez, Margarita
Masambaal, Felipe
Matro, Natalio.
Medina, Agueda
Medina, Macario
Medina, Pelagia
Medina, Pelagia
Mendoza, Francisco
Mendoza, Juana
Mendoza, Paula
Mendoza, Sancha
Mercado, Isaac
Merlan, Alejandra
Merlan, Benito i . .
Merlan, B14s
Merlan, Cirilo
Merlan, Enrique
Merlan, Eusebio
Merlan, Felipe
Merlan, Francisca
Merlan, Juan
Merlan, Justo
Merlan, Maria
Merlan, Matilde
Merlan, Pablo
Merlan, Quintln
Merlan, Tomasa
Mesa, Elena
Mesa, Marcela
Mesa, Rafael
Miguelino, Felix
Milano, Carmen
Milay, Matias
Milay, Nicol4s
Milla, Cleope
Milla, Dolores
Milla, Isabel
Molina, Elena
Molina, Crisela
Molina, Rosa
Molina, Simeon
Mollejon, Gregorio
Morabe, Potericiana
Moxica, Ciriaco
Moxica, Florencio
Moxica, Julian
Moxica, Zoilo
Muyot, Anastasia
Naic, municipality of
Narvaes, Juan
Nazareno, Alfonsa
Nazareno, Ana
Nazareno, Anasf asia
Nazareno, Anton ina
Nazareno, Blasa
Nazareno, Cayo
Nazareno, Cosmo
Nazareno, Dam i An
Nazareno, Daniel
Nazareno, Elias
Nazareno, Epifania
Nazareno, Faustino
Nazareno, Feliciana
Nazareno, Felipe
Nazareno, Francisco
Nazareno, Gabriel
Nazareno, Hilari<')n
Nazareno, Isabel
Nazareno, Isidora
Nazareno, Joaqufn
Nazareno, Jose
Nazareno, Josofa
Nazareno, Juana
Nazareno, Justa
Nazareno, Ledn
Nazareno, Lorenzo
Nazareno, Lucas
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
108
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Com,plete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Naic c5^a^<?~Continued.
Nazareno, Lucia
Nazareno, Lulsa
Nazareno, Margarita
Nazareno, Martin
Nazareno, Pablo
Nazareno, Paula
Nazareno, Prudencio
Nazareno, Romualdo
Nazareno, Rosendo
Nazareno, Rufina
Nazareno, Saturnina
Nazareno, Silvestre
Nazareno, Simeon ,
Nazareno, Susana
Nazareno, Vicenta
Nazareno, Vicente
Nazareno, Victoria
Nioco, Anselma
Nones, Apolonio
Nones, Esteban
Nones, Ledn
Nones, Mateo
Novelo, Maria
Nuestro, Marcelo
Nuestro, Maria ,
Ocampo, Regina de ,
Ocampo, Teodora de
Odvina, Filomena
Odvina, Sixto ,
Olayan, Gervasio ,
Olayan, Pedro
Dies, Cirlaco
Dies, Paulina
Oles, Telesforo ,
Oleson and Williamson. . . .
Oliver, Leoncio ,
Oliver, Segundo ,
Paelma, Bartolomea ,
Pagtaehan, Basilia
Pagtachan, Pia
Pagtaehan, Severino
Panerio. Albino
Pafiganiban, Modesta
Paftganiban, Patricio ,
Pafigilinan, Froilan
Papa, Antero
Papa, Catalina
Papa, Domingo
Papa, Felix
Papa, Florencia
Papa, Grariano
Papa, Tnocencio
Papa, Josefa
Papa, Juan
Papa, Maria
Papa, Pablo
Papa, Pedro
Pareja, Justina
Pastoral, Juana
Pelea, Marcelina
Pelea, Melenciana
Penis, Felipe
Penis. Felipe
Penis, Francisco
Penis, Pedro
Perea, Balasia
Perea, Juan
Perea, Leoncia
Perea, Maria
Perea, Pelagio
Perea, Rufina
Perea, Sixta
Perea, Tom^s
Perrido. Aquilina ,
Perlas, Silvestre
Pila, Antonia
Pila, Maria
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0.0445
. 0,520
. 0(193
11. 8287
. 0003
5. 8088
2. 3012
4.9130
. 4055
. 0313
17. 4195
.1927
77. 0355
.0270
.1028
10.8337
12. 1778
. 0435
. 1075
.2090
.1770
13. 1945
1.8512
.2033
.0300
.1120
.8335
.0575
.0550
18. 5395
6. 9585
. 0425
7.5437
10. 4355
565. 2943
.4065
.2215
.3085
4. 5377
.2115
.1250
.0890
.7778
.2985
.4887
23. 7045
158. 2483
. 4645
.4942
.0550
.2790
26. 0478
34. 1955
24. 5847
44.2118
. 2660
23. 2077
11.8055
.2415
. 3390
.1003
.3322
.1540 i
.1205 1
.2455 I
.3170 !
.9338 !
3.6410 I
.0922 !
17. 9858
. 7650
.2387
.8570
.0813
.0860
3. 3557
9.3085
Name of purchaser.
Naic estate— Continued.
Pilao, Antonia
Pilia, BiAs
Pilia, Flavian©
Pilia, Gil
Pilia, Isidoro
Pilia, Tomasa
Pilinia, Agripina
Pilinia, Margarita
Pilinia, Maria
Pilinia, Marta
Pilinia, Nicolas
Pilinia, Paula
Pilinia, Rita
Pilinia, Sixta
Pilinia, Sotero
Pilpil, Alejandro
Pilpil, Antonia
Pilpil, Emiliana
Pilpil, Hilario
Pilpil, Norberta
Pilpil, Rafael
Pinpin, Alejo
Pinpin, Andres
Pinpin, Clemencia
Pinpin, Eduardo
Pinpin, Nicolas
Pinpin, Pablo
Pinpin, Rafael
Pinco, Antero
Pinco, Cecilia
Pinco, Ignacio
Pinco, ^onciano
Pinili, Felipe
Pinili, MigMsla
Pino, C&talina
Pino, Irene
Pintal, Ana
Pintol, Antonia
Pina, Dionisio
Piiia, Donato
Pina, Juan
Pifla, Pedro
Pina, Tomds
Piol, Digna
Piol, Gaudencio
Piol, Maria
Piol, Vicente
Pipit, Andres
Pisan, Marcela
Piscar, Buenaventura ....
Pisig, Dionisia
Pisig, Dominga
Pisig, Filomena
Pisig, PetronOa
Pispis, Ana
Pispis, Anacleto
Pispis, Alejandra
Pispis, Felipe
Pispis, Maxima
Poblete, Alejandra
Poblete, Alfonso
Poblete, Andres
Poblete, Antonina
Poblete, Antonio
Poblete, Apolonia
Poblete, Bartolome
Poblete, Bemarda
Poblete, Blasa
Poblete, Callxta
Poblete, Camila
Poblete, Consolaci<5n
Poblete, Daminn
Poblete, Dionisio
Poblete, Dominga
Poblete, Doroteo
Poblete, Elias
Poblete, Emiliana
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
0.2350
.0833
3. 1317
.0960
.7790
.8395
8. 3713
3. 8747
.0973
.0575
4. 6015
8. 9977
.0865
.1650
. 0553
3. 1642
5.6023
9. 1330
18. 9850
120. 0325
.0175
3. 9305
.0997
3.2123
3. 8722
.0703
.0215
4. 7230
.395(5
.6677
.0465
.0557
1.4835
.1695
.0650
.1700
9. 9008
15. 4740
17. 4872
6.3525
.1420
2. 7940
.0905
.4593
2. 9827
6.8878
2. 7465
7.1237
2. 5513
.1540
. 1025
11.4915
.0382
. 1347
.0745
.0498
.0880
14. 4625
.0232
5. 1475
44. 1333
6. 4478
5.0805
10.3840
2.3035
.2626
29.0502
.0543
362. 3835
.1530
.3905
.0290
30. 7487
11. 8298
.1067
ADMINISTRATION Of PHILIPPINE LANDS.
109
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910 , showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc, — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
Nate cstofe—Continued.
Poblete, Espiridion
Poblete, Eufrosiua
Poblete, Eulogio
Poblete, Euproslna
Poblete, Eusebio
Poblete, Faustino
Poblete, Fecatolica
Poblete, Felipe
Poblete, Filomeno
Poblete, Florencio
Poblete, Florentina
Poblete, Guillermo
Poblete, In^z
Poblete, Inocencio
Poblete, Jacoba
Poblete, Julia
Poblete, Juliana
Poblete, Macaria
Poblete, Macario
Poblete, Marcel i no
Poblete, Marcelo
Poblete, Maria
Poblete, Maria
Poblete, Mateo
Poblete, Matias
Poblete, Nicolasa
Poblete, Pedro
Poblete, Pio
Poblete, Prudeiieia
Poblete, Ramon
Poblete, Rita
Poblete, Rufino
Poblete, Romana
Poblete, Rosa
Poblete, Rosa
Poblete, Rosendo
Poblete, Sabas
Poblete, Serapio
Poblete, Tiburcio
Poblete, Urbano
Poblete, Vicenta
Poblete, Vicente
Poblete, Vidal
Policar, Valentin
Presente. Pedro
Prodigalidad, Petronila .
Pugay, Espiridi6n
Pugeia, Catalino
Pulido, Nicolasa
Pulido, Tom4s
Punsalan, Cirilo
Punsalan, Francisco.
Pufio, Pablo
Quinto, Mateo
Ramirez, Catalina
Ramirez, L4zaro
Ramos, Isidora
Ramirez, Nicolasa
Ramirez, Teodora
Rebollo, Alejandra
Rebollo, Lucas
Rebollo, Pelas;ia
Resos, Melquiades
Resos, Victoria
Reyduca. Josefa
Reyes, Antonia
Reyes, Francisco
Reyes, Juliana de lo3
Reyes, M4xima
Reyes, Melecio
Reyes, Quintin
Reyes, Teresa
RIcafrente, Anacl^to
RIcafrente, Juan
Ricasa, Melecio
Rleta, Benito
Rillo, Domingo
Naic estate— Continued.
9.9888
3. 2645
.0335
.3205
.9010
5. 3888
4. 9967
.1758
17. 2260
2. 4875
. 1892
1. 6458
31. 9500
19. 4150
19. 1077
18. 8135
7. 8385
3. 4530
24. 7045
.0890
3. 5473
12. 8182
1. 3588
.0472
42. 6288
3. 7085
7.8120
155. 8092
5.3773
64. 0585
6.0042
6. 0360
79. 4408
8. 3847
14. 9573
1.5250
11.2180
3. 0520
4. 7725
10. 8702
8.7810
.0830
6. 0000
14. 7938
. 1982
.0805
.0295
.0475
1.2153
3. 7080
.0570
8. 7035
7. 8447
.1185
13. 7265
27. 9287
.1473
35. 9530
36. 2105
7. 0145
7. 7233
136. 7147
.1385
.1583
.2797
.0523
5. 1955
.3035
.9577
.7198
.1220
.0892
4.8908
.1570
.1840
. 0420
.1315
milo, Eulalia
Rillo, Honorata
Rillo, Juana
Riman, Apolonia
Rodriguez, Anastacia
Rodriguez, Aniceto
Rodriguez, Domingo
Rodriguez, Enrique
Rodriguez, Eugeniano
Rodriguez, Inocencio
Rodriguez, Martin
Rodriguez, Maximino
Roxas, Modesto
Romano, Canuto
Romano, Dominga
Ronquillo, Carmen
Ronquillo, Emerenciana..
Ronquillo, Gertrudes
Ronquillo, Marta
Rosario, Anselmo del
Rosario, Cosme del
Rosario, Daniel del ,
Rosario, Estanislao del. . .
Rosario, Genoveva del
Rosario, Jacobita del
Rupido, Hllarion
Sfibado, Francisca
Sagpao, Ambrosia
Salcedo, Tomasa
Salvador, Melecia
Samot, Marciano
Sanchez, Eulalio
Sanchez, Gil
Sanchez, Jacinto
Sanchez, Juana ,
Sanchez, Tito
Sapanta, Simeona ,
Sapopo, Epifania
Sapopo, Leoncia
Sapopo, Maria
Sarmiento, Paulina
Sarmiento, Felipe
Sevillano, Eugenio
Signo, Eulalia
Sismait, Maximo
Sisraait, Prudencia
Solis, Anselmo
Soils, Serapio. .•
Stuart, Filomena
Sulit, Alejandro
Susana, Roberto
Susara, Froilan
Talim, Romana
Tana wan , Felipe
Talimhoc, Antonia
Talob, Francisco
Talob , Pablo
Talob, Rufmo
Taloban, C^ndido
Taloban, Vicenta
Talonay , Apolonio
Talonay , Santiago
Tamoc, Gil
Tampis, Eulalio
Tampoc, Cornelio
Tampoc, Dionisio
Tampoc, Faustina
Tampoc, Maria
Tampoc, Tomasa
Tampol , Antonina
Tampol, Pablo
Tanega, Antero
Tanega, Antonia
Tanega, Domingo
Tanaga, Fidelina
Tanega, Francisco
Tanega, Honorata
no
ADMIl^ISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE UANI>S.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Naic «5iatg— Continued.
Tanega, Isabel
Tanega, Lucio
Tanega, Pedro
Tanoco, Ursula
Tibayan, Alejo
Tibayan, Joaqulna
Tibayan, Romdn
Tlgcal , Dominga
Tigcal, Benito
Tigcal, Justa
Tlgcal, Lucas
Tloseng, Tin
Tipon, Agiistin
Titulo, Lucia
Tolentino, Dimas
Tolentino, Fausto.
Tolen tino, Jos6
Tolentino, Macaria
Tolen tino, Matilde
Torres, Epifania
Toribio, Jos6
TJntaldn, Maria
Usou, M&xima. ...
Uson, Toribia
Valenzuela, Andres
Valenzuela, Guillermo.
Valenzuela, Juan
Valcazuela, Luisa
Valenzuela, Lucia
Valenzuela, Maria
Valenzuela, Micaela
Valenzuela, Pedro
Valenzuela, Sotero
Valenzuela, Tom&s
Vasquez, Agueda
Vasquez, Alejandro
Vusquez, Anastasia
Vasquez, Blasica
Vasquez, Bonlfacia
Vasquez, Dominga
Vasquez, Francisco
Vasquez, In6s
Vasquez, Jos4
Vasquez, Louis
Vasquez, Maria
Vasquez, Marcial
Vasquez, Melecio
Vasquez, Pablo
Vasquez, Simplicio
Vergado, Marcelino
Velasco, Silverio
Velasco, Sixto
Velasco, Tomasa
Viejon, Rafael
Villa, Simdn
Villa, Isidoro
Villaflor, Jos4
Villafranca, Policarpo.,
Villaluz, Agustina
Villaluz, Claudio
Villaluz, Eustaquio
Villaluz, Florentina. . .
Villaluz, Juliana
Villaluz, Rom4n
Villanueva, Domingo. .
Villanueva, Gregoric. . ,
Villanueva, Jos^
Villanueva, Marcelino.
Villar, Atanasio
Vinosa, Ana
Vinosa, Elena
Vifias, Juliana
Viray, Gavlna
Viray, Petrona
Yapquinco, Dorotea. . .
Yapquinco, Marciana. .
YuDiengco, Dominga. .
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
2
7. 7345
4
11. 7100
5
18. 5278
2
5. 8137
3
1. 7718
1
.2205
4
26. 4852
1
.0650
1
.0998
1
.0890
1
.0662
1
.1493
1
.5915
1
.0660
1
.2610
2
7. 2655
2
5.8982
4
12. 1253
1
6. 6205
1
. 0645
1
.5555
1
.3585
1
.1320
2
3.5502
2
6.6303
2
37.7812
1
.1430
2
5.2713
1
.0555
1
.2512
2
3.8155
1
8. 2635
4
13. 6430
1
6.2165
3
6. 9995
1
. 0303
1
8.5800
2
4.5657
2
6. 8783
2
2. 7570
1
9.8985
1
3.7135
3
9.5722
2
.0885
4
13. 7830
1
64. 9283
1
9. 8037
1
.0305
3
19. 1750
3
59.7590
1
.1268
5
217. 1505
2
3.1765
1
.0052
2
12.8900
1
.1135
3
.6283
1
342. 0162
1
.0903
1
1. 1935
1
.4477
1
.0355
1
.1088
1
.0012
1
4. 0518
1
.0372
1
4.8033
1
.4712
1
.0783
2
.0890
2
4.6705
1
.1520
I
.6315
1
.0362
1
16.5113
2
4.2875
2
12.0915
Name of purchaser.
Naic estate — Continued
Yubiengco, Eugenia
Yubiengco, Guillermo
Yubiengco, Manuela
Ysay, Eulalia
Zapanta, Emiliano
Zapanta, Hipdlito
Zapanta, Narciso
1,007 purchasers; 1
sales; 8,335.7696 acres.
OrtTW) estate.
Agustin, Camilo
Alarcon, Leon
Alarcbn, Luisa
Alarcon, Maria Merced. . .
Almansan, Felisa
Almasan, Tom as
Alraasan, Valeriano
Andres, Eustaquio
Angeles, Agustin
Angeles, Alberto
Angeles, Anastasio
Angeles, Ansebna V
Angeles, Faustino
Angeles, Joaquin
Angeles, Jos6
Angeles, Lucio
Angeles, Mariano G
Angeles, Moists
Angeles, Regina G
Antonio, Andrea
Antonio, Francisco
Antonio Marcelo
Atienza, Maria
Aquino, Tomds
Arellano, Cayetano
Asis, Hilario de
Bagtas, Cipriano
Bagtas, Doroteo
Bagtas, Lazaro
Bagtas, Modesto
Bagtas, Rosenda
Bagtas, Simeon
Bagtas, Vicente
Balmaceda, Ariston
Balmaceda, Felipe
Balmaceda, Jos4
Balmaceda, Natalio
Baltazar, Primitive
Baltazar, Victor
BaliTyot, Casimiro
Baluyot, Isabel
Baluyot, Lorenzo
Baluyot, Matea
Baluyot, Maximo
Baluyot, Santiago
Baluyot, Teodoro
Baluyot, Wenceslao
Bantog, Luis
Barcarce, Florencio
Bautista, Antonia
Bautista, Basilic
Bautista, Juan
Bautista, Simeon
Bautista, Vicente
Bautista, Victoria
Benjamin, PoHcarpio
Bruno, Moists
Buenseda, Bonifacio
Bustamante, Antonio. . .,
Bustamante, Vicente
Callmbas, Francisco M . . .
Calimbas, Donato E
Callmbas, Eugenia
Calimbas, Francisco
Calimbas, Ignasia
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
13. 2235
72. 4212
.1055
.1723
.2202
.8623
.2572
.0460
.3762
14. 8835
.02&3
2.0295
.0245
.1320
.0240
.0415
.1452
.2103
.2682
.2840
.1913
.5817
1.3818
.0170
8.2770
6.1185
89. 4190
4. 3330
12.2050
.3015
5.9032
.2423
1.1712
.0535
.0735
.0635
6.3737
.0435
.0493
.0160
13. 3(J55
.0567
.0515
22.0295
79. 6103
11. 6265
.3535
.3605
6.7585
3.6097
12. 4665
8. 8228
16. 4870
.0840
7. 9242
1.0363
.1765
6.8870
20. 4422
.1343
.1072
5.0868
.1682
.0193
5. 5312
.1615
12. 1093
.2372
.0720
7.6500
.0553
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Ill
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued .
Name of purchaser.
Orino estate— Continued.
Calimbas, Lorenzo
Calimbas, Pedro
Calimbas .Sabino
Canaria, Esteban
Canaria, Felix
Candido, Francisco
Carreon, Maria
Carreon, Teodoro
Castillo, Basilio
Concepcion, Damaso
Comelio, Agapito
Comelio, Juan
Comelio, Juliana
Crisostomo, Bonifacia
Crisostomo, Maria
Crisostomo, Valentin
Cruz, Agripino de la
Cruz, Arcadio de la
Cruz, Bartolome de la
Cruz, Federico de la
Cruz, Felix de la
Cruz, Francisco
Cruz, Francisca de la
Cruz, Gabino de la
Cruz, Isabel de la
Cruz, Jose de la
Cruz, Justo dela
Cruz, Lueiana de la
Cruz, Maria de la
Cruz, Maria C
Cruz, Segunda de la
Cruz, Balmaceda, Simeon.
Custodio, Eriberto
Custodio, Jos6
Dalisay , Valentin
Dayong, Florencio
Depano, Petra
Dequiros, Regino
Dison, Dionicio
Dizon, Mariano
Domingo, Cayetano Santo.
Domingo, Tomas Santo. . .
Enriquez, Josefa
Enrizuez, Nicolasa
Enriquez, Policarpio
Feliciano, Joaqulna
Feliciano, Maria
Feliciano, Marciso
Feliciano, Pedro
Fernandez, Hermogenes...
Fernandez, Joaquin
Fernandez, Maria
Fernandez, Miguel
Fernandez, Victdriana
Flores, Eulogia
Flores, Jos6
Gabriel, Alejo
Garcia, Juan
Garica, Pablo
Geronimo, Jiusebio
Gomez, Ciriaco
Gomez, Domingo
Gomez, Juan
Gofio, Francisca
Guzman, Andres de
Guzman, Demetrio de
Guzman, Esteban de
Guzman, Eusebio de
Guzman, Fabian de
Guzman, Francisco G
Guzman, Pedro de
Guzman, Simeon de
Guzman, Victor de
Hipolito, AdolfoR
Hlpolito, Pedro R
Ignacio, Maxima
Isidro, Dominga
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
0. 0382
9,
2. 941 3
3
4. 7577
1
.0870
1
.0685
9
4. 5515
1
13. 2858
?,
0. 2385
1
.0647
1
.0580
1
.0263
1
.0667
8
9.2895
8
10. 3648
1
.0182
1
.1125
1
.0215
1
.0458
1
.0477
3
6. 0118
1
.0527
1
.0515
1
.0526
1
.0623
1
.0340
?.
12. 4327
1
7. 1660
9
.3878
?.
.1567
1
.0468
1
.1775
1
.0437
?.
.1330
4
3. 5985
1
.0333
1
.0765
1
.0212
1
.0280
1
.0253
1
.0277
2
.1615
5
7.8386
3
6. 2658
1
4. 6375
1
.0970
1
.0855
1
4. 1655
1
.06.^8
2
.2060
1
.1887
1
7.9235
1
.0442
1
.1718
2
4.0102
1
.1395
1
2. 8350
1
.1973
1
.1162
1
.0480
1
.0905
5
11.0113
1
2.6516
2
27. 2930
1
.0967
1
.0450
1
.0343
1
.0345
1
.0990
1
.5306
1
.4647
3
.2475
1
.0623
2
6. 3075
1
.0995
2
5. 3453
1
.0517
4
16. 9430
Name of purchaser.
Orino €«tat«~Continued
Isidro, Filomena
Isidro, Francisco
Isidro, Leon
Isidro, Reymundo
Isidro, Vicente
Ison, Pedro
Jesus, Moises de
Jesus, liOrenzo de
Jos6, Gregorio Sn.i
Jos4, Teodoro San
Julian, Vicente.
Labrador, Ferinina
Lacson, Eduarda
Lacson, Pauliiio
L4zardo, Mariano
Lazarte, Victor
Leon, Francif'co de
Liamson, G a vino
Lim, Mariano R
Lintag, Anselma
lyonzon, Ciriaca
I/onzon, Joaquina
Lonzon, Quirina
Lonzon, Rosendo
Lore to, Teodora
Manalo, Antonio
Manalo, Basilia
Manalo, Esteban
Manansela, Hugo
Mangubat, Paulino
Mangubat, Mariano
Mariano, Catalino
Mariano, Cecilia
Mariano, Teodorlco
Mateo, Gervasio
Mateo, Guillerrao
Mateo, Juan
Mateo, Regino
Mateo, Victor
Mendoza, AdriaiK)
Mendoza, Anacleto
Mendoza, Jos6
Mendoza, Mariano
Mendoza, Romana
Mendoza, Rufmo
Mesa, Bruno de
Miguel, Balbina
Miguel, Cosme
Monzon, Esperanza
Nava, Feliciano
Naval, Cayetana
Navarro, Abdon ,
Navarre, Antonio
Navarro, Buenaventura.,
Navarro, Cornelio
Navarro, Esteban
Oliveros, Antonia
Oliveros, Santiago M
Paguio, Isidore
Paguio, Marta
Paguirigan, Gregorio
Pangilinan, Aguedo
Paftgilinan, Antonino
Pafigilinan, Basiila
Pafigilinan, Benifacio
Pafigilinan, Mariano
Pascual, Enrique
Pedro, Paulino
Pefia, Luciano de la
Pefia, Segunda de la
Pefia, Sixto
Pereyra, Andrea
Pereyra, Benito
Pereyra, Cecilia
Pereyra, Estanislao
Pereyra, Ldzaro
Perez, Andres
Perez, Eusebio
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.5370
8.6380
13. 3253
9.2577
4.2225
.0793
,0265
8.7802
.1388
.1287
9. 9536
.0693
4. 4330
3.1900
.0380
10. 9900
14.7285
16.6117
.0435
.1625
21. 1915
120.7745
7.1288
3. 2915
.0430
.0862
5. 5603
.5440
.0582
.1225
5. 4470
30. 5448
.1902
1.3180
6. 1325
.1343
.0975
5. 2296
.1090
.0577
2.0025
.1823
.2976
.0300
.1030
.0360
.0247
4. 0428
62. 0197
.0265
25. 9318
.1020
.2192
.0180
.0553
.0706
.1062
26.7283
19. 3960
19. 2790
.0320
.1066
.0927
.0475
.1780
.0798
.0622
.0493
17. 4306
.0540
.1635
6.0335
6. 5712
12.6023
.0297
.0698
.1492
.1298
112
ABMINISTKATiON OP PHIUPPINE LiVNDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Orino estate— Continued
Perona, Andrea
Perona, Maximina
Pizarro, Andrea
Quicho, Andres
Quicho, Estefafia
Quicho, Fernanda
Quicho, Francisco
Quicho, Jacinto
Quicho, Jos6
Quicho, Juliana
Quioho, Laureano
Quicho, Marcelo
Quicho, Marcelo
Quicho, Miguela
Quicho, Pedro
Quicho, Telesfora
Quizon, Maximo
Quizon, Pedro
Reyes, D. F
Reyes, Felipe Versosa
Reyes, Juliana de los
Reyes, Pedro de los
Rlbera, Antonia
Ribera, Emlllana
Rlbera, Estanislao
Rlbera, Manuela
Rlbera, Porflrio
Rodriguez, Ambrocio
Rodriguez, Domingo P —
Rodriguez, Damian
Rodriguez, Florenclo
Rodriguez, Isabel
Rodriguez, Joaquina
Rodriguez, Maria
Rodriguez, Maria C
Rodriguez , Molses
Rodriguez, Petrona
Rodriguez, Silvlno
Rodriguez, Tomasa
Rodriguez, Vicente
Rolas, Bernabela
Rojas, Isldoro de
Romero, Severlno
Rosario, Jacinta del
Rosario, Victor del
Rubio, Antonio
Rublo, Euseblo
Sabino, Leonardo
Sablno, Ramon
Sabino, Remlgia
Sablno, Santiago
Salaverla, Francisco
Salaveria, Pedro
Salaverla, Prudencio
fialamon, Paula
Sanchez, Antonio
Sanchez, Apolonio
Sanchez, Donata
Sanchez, Julia
Sangalang, Cirilo
Santos, Andres, C
Santos, Buenaventura
Santos, Candelaria de los. .
Santos, Cirilo de los
Santos, Esteban
Santos, Felix
Santos, Ines de los
Santos, Jacinto
Santos, Leon de los
Santos, Macarlo
Santos, Maria de los
Santos, Telesforo
Santos, Tomas de los
Senungco, Maria
Senungco, Pascual
Signio, Justo
Singian, Gregorio
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
2
8. 7497
1
. 0588
1
.0170
1
. 14G7
2
.1010
1
.0570
1
.1760
1
.0200
2
.1728
1
.0395
1
. 2397
2
8. 8880
2
3. 7693
6
9. 5627
1
. 0368
1
.0375
1
.2850
1
.0235
1
8. 9515
5
6.0442
1
.3425
1
8.0760
1
3. 8008
3
39.0380
2
6.8695
3
20. 1665
3
19.8740
1
.0632
1
.0453
2
11.2740
2
4, 1422
3
21. 7755
1
.2883
2
4. 5565
3
31.6082
5
7. 8503
2
38.7415
2
.0695
1
2. 7842
7
101. 1813
1
.0617
1
. 1635
1
. 0038
2
2.7510
2
6. 5440
1
. 0922
1
. 1340
4
26. 8753
1
.0132
1
.1058
1
5. 6060
3
11. 4630
5
20. 5825
1
. 1725
5
44. 5667
2
2. 3410
2
4. 1548
2
2. 4105
2
2. 7852
2
3. 8920
8
54. 6393
1
1. 5622
1
.0170
1
2.3683
2
5.9115
1
.1410
]
2. 9390
1
.2005
1
6. 6()05
9
207. 8987
3
3. 5570
5
6.0293
4
3. 0370
1
.0{^
1
.0532
2
.1973
1
21. 5745
Name of purchaser.
Orino estate — Con tinu od .
Sinson, Federico
Soleta, Francisco
Soriano, Domingo
Soriano, Severino
Soriano, Silvestre
Teodoro, Maria
Tiambeng, Gaspar
Tiambeng, Gillermo
Tiambeng, ReymuiKi *
Tiambeng, Vicente
Trajano, Agaton
Trajano, Antonio
Trajano, Daniel
Trajano, Elena
Trajano, Esberto
Trajano, Eugenio
Trajano, Marcelino
Trajano, Segundo
Trajano, Zacarias
Tuason, Antonio
Tuason, Emiliano
Tuason, Mariano
Tuason, Pedro
Tumalat, Luis
Tumalat, Mamerto
Tumalat, Miguel
Urquiza, Francisco
Valentuz, Ciriaco
Vazques, Cayetano
Venegas, Jos6
Venegas, Paulo
Venegas, Pedro
Vermudo, Apolonio
Vermudo, Bartolomd
Vermudo, Catalina
Vermudo, Manuel
Villanueva, Modesto
Villanueva, Pio
Villegas, Alberto
Villegas, Domingo
Villegas, Hilaria
Villegas, Juan
Villegas, Leopoldo
Villegas, Pedro
Villegas, Segundo
Vitangcol, Rufmo
344 purchasers; 600 sales
2,079.0730 acres.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate.
Aatangan, Anastacio
Aatangan, Antonio
Aatangan, Ceferiuo
Aatangan, Juana
Aatangan, Manuela
Aatangan, Petrona
Abad, Juana
Abad, Mariano
A bad ilia, Esteban
Abadilla, Nicomedes
Abarro, Basilio
Abarro, Juan
Abarro, Pedro
Abarro y Buenaflor, Pedro. .
Abarro, Segundo
Abarro, Tonias
Abarro, Vicenta
Abdon, Siniplicia
Abordo, Oliva
Abueg, Adriano
Abueg, Baldomera
Abueg, Bernardino
Abueg, Braulia
Abueg, Caudido
Abueg, Catalino
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMIKISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
113
Covrfplete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
esfoitf— Continued.
A bueg, Cornelio
Abueg, Daniel
Ahueg, Eduardo ,
Abueg, Emiliano
Abueg, Eufemio
Abueg, Felipe
Abueg, Fermina
Abueg, Gregoria
Abueg, Gregorio
Abueg, Inocencia
Abueg, Juan
Abueg, Juliana
Abueg, Magno
Abueg, Marta
Abueg, Melecia
Abueg, Severino
Abueg, Isldora
Abueg, Isidro
Abundo, Antonino
Abundo, Basillo
Abundo, Matias
Abundo, Mariano
Abundo, Pablo
Abu tin, Agustina
Abutin, Andrea
Abutin, Artemio
Abutin, Bernardo
Abutin, Dalmacia
Abutin, Emeterio
Abutin, Esperdiona
Abutin, Eulogio
Abutin, Gavino
Abutin, Ignacia
Abutin, Isidro
Abutin, Julian
Abutin, Macaria
Abutin, Marclana
Abutin, Martin
Abutin, Maxima
Abutin, Vicenta
Acbang, Felix
Aclan, Hermenigilda
Adas, Honorata
Adrid, Eulogio
Agajan, Adriano
Aguinaldo, Baldomcro
Albay, Potenciana
Alberto, Basilio
Alberto, Victoriana
Alcantara, Andres
Alcantara, Melecio
Alejo, Espiridion
Alejo, Pantaleona
Alfaro, Bonifacio ,
Alfaro, Severina
Alfaro, Tranquilino ,
Alimasan, Juana
Alimasan, Manuel
Alix, Benito
Alix, Damaso
A lix, Eustaquio
Almario, Bernardina
A Imario, Juan
Almario, Pedro
Alonso, Cosme
Alonso, Victor
Alonso, Victoriano
Alvarez, Mariano
Ambogia, Margarita
Amit, Martin
Amores, Maria
Ancanan, Maria
Andava, Andres
Andico, Benito
Angeles, Gregorio
Angquico, Agustin
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 7382
7. 8045
5. 9305
15. 0738
.6050
.1632
15. 2558
.1602
.0678
.2585
.2577
7. 7395
.8750
1. 6780
.1285
.1863
2. 1047
49. 2993
10. 7820
5. 4770
8. 4402
16. 5498
.0532
4. 3685
8. 7533
.0907
6. 4193
.7857
.1316
.1610
. 6850
.1370
.4558
.4675
.7385
57. 6475
.0450
.1880
16. 9147
.1200
.1280
12. 9513
3. 0697
8. 9610
6. 3703
76.2315
.1130
2. 2192
.8845
.31(,3
3. 8322
.0495
.6618
.1905
7. 7470
.4815
.1400
.4045
.9010
.0907
3. 6615
.0660
.1758
. 0965
.0595
. 0960
10. 5900
10. 6085
.1282
1. 6368
1. 1417
9.0213
1. 9777
6.4878
3.3360
.1037
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
e8to«6— Continued .
Anglo, Miguel
Antonio, Aniceto
Antonio, Filomeno
Apolimar, Procesa
Aquino, Doroteo
Aquino, Luciano
Aquino, Tomas
Araga, Carlos
Area, Margarita
Arcega, Florencia
Arcenal, Miguel
Arcilla, Dominga
Arcon, Marcelino
Arias, Irinea
Aristones, Francisca
Armesto, Tomas
Arnaldo, Asuncion
Arnaldo, Catalino
Arnaldo, Epifania
Arnaldo, Estanislao
Arnaldo, Marmerta
Arnaldo, Ponciano
Aroma, Lorenzo
Aroma, Regino
Aroma, Valeriana
Aron, Eustaquia
Aron, Lorenzo
Aron, Mariano
Aron, Moises
Aroy, Meliton
Artista, Honorio
Artista, Martina
Ascano, Ignacio
Ascaiio, Macaria
Ascafio, Sebastian
Ascano, Timotea
Asercion, Brigido
Asican, Isberto
Asiman, Eustaquio
Asistores, Gregorio
Asistores, Juan ,
Asisteree, Macario
Asistores, Manuel ,
Asistores, Santiago
Aspuria, Vicente
Asuero, Fausto
Atienza, Martina
Atienza, Tranc[uilino . ..
Austria, Crispina
Austria, Geronimo
Austria, Narciso
Austria, Ysabel
Avanceiia, Bernarda. . .
Avenoefla, Concepcion. ,
Avancena, Florentina..
Avancefla, Guillerma. . .
Avancefia, Juana
A vancefla, Tomas
Aveledo, Tarcila
Avillana, Victor
Banana, Anastacio
Banana, Nicasio
Baquiran, Benigno
Baquiran, Catalina
Baquiran, Francisca —
Baquiran, Remigio
Baquiran, Rufino
Barion, Severa
Barrera, Constantino. . ,
Barrera, Macario
Barrientos, Agnstin
Barrlentos, Esteban
Barrientos, Marcelo
Barrientos, Mauricia. . .
Barrientos, Proceso
Barrientos, Roman
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
0. 0473
1
. 0825
6
9.7117
1
.1775
1
.1485
1
.1475
1
.0620
1
. 6533
2
.4352
2
14. 5138
1
.1070
1
2. 5225
1
2. 0()62
1
. 3080
2
14.7508
1
.1490
2
45. 4292
20
219. 6963
3
26. 2867
10
108. 9575
8
100. 7538
14
78. 0415
1
18. 7825
2
7. 9925
1
7.5217
4
7.5123
2
19. 7615
2
4.9840
4
21.9592
1
.1495
3
14. 4180
1
3. 9292
1
.4722
4
9. 5813
1
1.6507
1
.1175
2
14.4330
2
37. 6745
1
1.5099
1
.1255
2
8. 6810
7
44. 1855
2
3.3085
1
19. 3947
1
.2353
2
.8697
1
.3343
1
.2577
1
.0755
2
5. 3158
5
15. 7692
1
.7318
2
6. 6357
2
17. 4910
1
9. 5258
7
34. 7872
2
.4935
1
. 3255
2
.2300
4
29. 0790
1
.1115
1
.62a3
1
.0747
1
.1440
1
. 0660
3
6. 4790
1
.1278
2
7.4140
1
.1575
1
.0722
1
. 2395
3
7.1013
5
11.0865
3
.7015
2
2.8797
1
.3523
114
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated^, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate— Coniinned.
Barron, Perfecto
Basa, Agaton
Basa, Benito
Basa, Eleuterio
Basa, Marcelino
Basa, Pablo
Bati, Antera
Bati, Gregoria
Batohan, Tito
Bautista, Esperidion. .
Bautista. Soledad
Bayan, Atanasia
Baylen, Calixta
Baylen, Santiago
Beltran, Mariano
Bernal, Feliciano
Betas, Mateo
Biason, Juliana
Biason, Valeriana
Viray, Juan
Blancia, Lucas
Bobadilla, Benita
Bobadilla, Manuel
Bobadilla, Regino
Borgofla, Felipe
Broas, Crispnlo
Brosas, Antonio
Brosas, Isabel
Buac, Gervasio
Buan, Jos6
Bucao, Juan
Bucao, Leoncia
Buclatln, Agripina
Buclatin, Bernardo. . . ,
Bucaltin, Juan
Buena, Andres
Buena, Gregorio
Buena, Policarpia
Buenailor, Cecflio
Buenaflor, Luis
Buenaflor, Meliton
Buenaflor, Paula
Buenaflor, Regina
Buenaflor, Sinforoso . . .
Buenaflor, Tito
Buenaflor, Toribio
Buenavista, Simplicio.
Buendia, Mateo
Buenviaje, Gavina. . ..
Buenviaje, Patricia
Buenviaje, Petrona
Bugjao, Marta
Bugjao, Raymunda. . .
Bugjao, Roberta
Buhain, Bonifacio
Buhain, Domingo
Buhain, Felipa
Buhain, Francisco
Buhain, Geronimo
Buhain, Gil
Buhain, Isidoro
Buhain, Jose
Buhain, Luis
3uhaln, Manuel
Buhain, Mariano
Buhain, Valentina
Buhain, Vicente
Buhatin, Isabel©
Buhay, Simeon
Buhayen, Estanlslao. .
Bulan, Mariano
Bulda, Emiterio
Bulda, Tomas
Bumatayo, Ellias
Bumatayo, Esijiridion .
Bumatayo, Juan
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 1520
.1875
.0590
. 6280
1.6847
6. 6880
.2323
.0397
.5203
.9562
9. 6623
.0942
7. 7468
8. 6432
.1290
.2420
.3595
13. 5850
4. 7715
.4330
13. 9205
30. 6018
.1592
.1450
1. 6855
4.9293
191. 5485
11.3062
.0398
. 2152
.0880
.3008
.0865
.5642
.2813
.0595
.2512
.0968
.1155
.9745
.8295
1. 4972
.2053
23. 1955
.1412
11. 2430
.5638
6. 7425
7. 5697
.0925
14. 4128
.4097
.1776
1.2600
.1176
.0455
.0760
.1860
.0598
.1395
.0870
,8927
.0725
.7348
.1137
.0390
. 2523
.1755
.2055
.1772
.1500
.5178
.6150
.1357
.2780
.0350
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
e«fa<«— Continued .
Bumatayo, Simplicio
Bunda, Daniel
Bunda, Juliana.
Bunda, Justo
Bunda, Roberta
Bunda, Severo
Cabral, Gregorio
Cabrera, Rufina
Cabrera, Saturnine
Cafuir, Lorenzo
Caldejon, Alejandra
Caldejon, Benedicto
Caldejon, Eduarda ,
Caldejon, Emiliana
Caldejon, Flavian©
Caldejon, Maria ,
Caldejon, Simeon
Caldejon, Trinidad
Calle, Guillermo
Calle, Mariano
Calle, Ruflno
Camaclan, Manuel
Camantigue, Juan
Camit, Andres
Camposagrado, Maria
Camposagrado, Teodorico
Camposagrado, Valentin
Cam tan, Ambrosio
Candare, Gabriel
Candela, Candido
Cantada, Juan
Capar4s, Magdalena
Capar4s, Pedro
Carampot, Florencio
Carungpong, Romualdo
Carungpong, Vicente
Castillo, Vicente
Castro, Agriflno
Castro, Baldomera de
Castro, Blasica
Castro, Concepci<5n de
Castro, Hermenegildo
Castro, Hermogenes de
Castro, Mariano de
Castro, Ponciana
Castro, Prudencio de
Castro, Ricardo de ,
Castro, Toribio ,
Cateternam, Casimira
Cateternam, Ynocencia
Catdn, Gregorio
Cavarles, Maria
Chaves, Melecio ,
Chico, Victorino ,
Cinco, Luciano
Cinco, Maria
Clamor, Antonio
Clamor, Benigna
Clamor, Candido
Clamor, Catalino.
Clamor, Estanislao
Clamor, Lucas
Clamor, Macario
Clamor, Severiana
Clamor, Simplicia
Claridad, Luis
Claridad, Vicente
Clavo, Paula
Clima, Domingo
Clima, Tomasa
Covales, Gregoria
Cobeta, Teoaorica
Colada, Antonio
Colada, Jacinta
Colanding, Agaton
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
0.1400
3
9. 7695
1
.1700
2
3. 4978
2
15.7872
1
.1728
1
.6445
1
.1076
1
.8650
3
25.0897
1
8. 1230
1
1. 1975
1
.2705
4
5. 6725
2
19. 9025
1
1. 0735
2
9.7160
1
.2168
1
8. 3552
1
.6985
2
4. 6330
3
7.2500
2
11. 5953
1
7. 0040
3
1. 8415
1
24. 2887
1
.2905
2
14.2330
1
.1388
1
15. 3827
1
1. 5275
1
.1108
1
7. 8530
1
.2917
1
27. 8455
1
4. 1780
1
.2485
1
.3933
1
16. 6010
I
.2546
1
27. 2230
2
.7080
2
3. 0370
1
13. 4662
3
L7095
1
.3170
1
12. 9675
1
.4695
1
9.8833
1
38. 0972
1
.0485
1
.1643
3
11. 0496
1
.0360
1
.1995
1
.0440
1
.1267
1
.1538
1
.1282
3
17. 8538
1
.1647
6
31. 9668
1
. 1662
1
.1055
6
49. 8333
2
6. 6510
3
6. 6706
1
1. 6987
1
.2310
2
1. 4208
2
9. 4790
1
.6302
1
.0615
1
2.2138
1
5.2665
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
115
Complete list of purchasers of friar landsy to include the 31st day of July^ 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated ^ etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate—Continued.
Clingind, Valeriano
Colapan, Romualdo
Colarina, Bonifacio
Colegio, Paula
Colifiores, Celso
Coll y Buendia, Josefa
Colmenar, Alejandro
Colmenar, Domingo
Colmenar, Gregorio
Colmenar, Segundo
Colocado, Cecilia
Colocado, Dominga
Colocado, Irineo
Colocotog, Pedro
Columna, Ambrosio
Columna, Andres
Columna, Bias
Columna^ Eugenic
Columna, Flaviano
Columna, Francisco
Columna, Juan
Columna, Marcelo
Columna, Mariano
Columna, Pascual
Columna, Potenciano
Colunma, Prisca
Columna, Procesa
Columna, Severa
Columna, Silvestre
Columna, Simplicio
Comandante, Benito
Comandante, Olegaria
Comandante, Rafael
Comision, Deogracias
Comision, Policarpio
Comision, Vidal
Compuesto, Simon
Conde, Catalino
Conde, Daniel
Conde, Pedro
Condol, Florentino
Convento, Adriano
Convento, Laureana ,
Convento, Vicente
Cope, Ysabelo
Cord, Cruz, Josefa M ,
Cordel, Procesa ,
Cordero, Simeon ,
Coronaaa, Luciana
Corpus, Francisco
Corpus, Silvestre
Cosca, Jose
Cosca, Mariano ,
Cosca, Pedro
Cruz, Andres de la ,
Cruz, Antonio
Cruz, Cornelio de la
Cruz, Esteban
Cniz, Santiago de la
Crisostomo, Baltazar
Crisostomo, Francisco
Crisostomo, Francisco
Crisostomo, Justiniano ,
Crisostomo, Telesforo
Cristobal, Catalino
Crusat, Ceria
Crusat, Isabelo
Crusit, Severino
Cubol, Eusebio
Cuello, Leoncio
Cuello, Pascual
Cuevas, Arcadia
Cuevas, Vicente
Cupcupin, Claro
Cupino, Arcadio
Cupino Francisco
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
0.2407
2
20. 3333
8
106. 1305
3
11. 1000
1
.0777
6
23. 0955
1
.2465
8
216. 4325
1
49. 3858
8
157. 6240
1
.3030
4
15. 6167
1
.0945
2
9.1885
1
.0790
5
18. 2798
3
8.2067
2
6. 8265
1
.1285
1
3. 5323
2
.7530
3
6. 9740
5
12. 7782
1
9. 2433
1
.9455
3
13.9955
3
14.2697
1
.0088
1
.5260
1
.2022
3
6. 0795
1
.0580
1
.0530
1
7. 5993
1
.0982
1
.2740
1
.1738
1
.1167
3
3.8535
3
3.0958
1
.1492
1
12. 4470
2
1. 4910
1
.1320
1
.5215
2
86. 1600
1
.1185
2
.0373
1
.0405
1
.8120
1
6.1092
5
29. 1720
1
9. 2548
3
3.2007
2
.2655
1
2. 5210
1
.1313
1
.7522
1
.1438
1
6. 9125
1
9. 6177
1
2. 8585
3
36. 6910
1
12. 8620
1
3. 4900
1
4.9870
1
.0965
1
9. 8125
1
3. 3010
1
.1025
1
.0213
1
.1197
4
.6803
2
.3990
1
.4100
1
.0880
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate— Continued.
Cupon, Crispino
Cupon, Ilermogenes
Cupon, Melecio
Custodio, Engracio
Custodio, Isaac
Custodio, Victoria
Dacon, Antonio
Dacon, Macario
David, Benita
Dayret, Cecilia
Descalso, Isidro
Descalso, Lucia
Descalso, Timoloo
Deseo, Andres
Deseo, Justino
Deseo, Mariano
Desipida, Eustaquio
Diaz, Andres A
Diaz, Angela
Diaz, Marcelina
Dionis, Luis
Dios, Tomasa R. de
Diquet, Marcelina
Dolores, Jos6
Dominguez, Potenciana
Dones, Florencio
Duarte, Santiago
Ducha, Apolonio
Duclsina, Guillermo
Dulce, Agripina
Dumali, Narcisco
Dumandan, AniceLo
Dumandan, Catalino
Dumaop, Maria
Duque, Bonato
Echenique, Baldomera
Ejercito, Catalina
Ejercito, Juan
Encarnacion, Efifano
Encarnacion, Florentino
Encarnacion, Mariano
Encarnacion, Monico
Encarnacion, Nicasio
Engada, Estabana
Enriquez, Alejandra
Enriquez, Efifania
Enriquez, Marcos
Enriquez, Zacarias
Esguerra, Brigida
Esguerra, Ynocencio
Espiritu, Pelagia
Estandarte, Albina
Estandarte, M. Paz
Estanque, Anastasio
Estanque, Eulalio
Estanque, Gregoria
Estanque, Guillermo
Estanque, Jacinta
Estanque, Marcelino
Estanque, Narciso
Estores, Baldomero
Estores, Damaso
Estrella, Leocadia
Evangelista, Agapito
Evangelista, Mauricio
Farin, Juana
Faulmi, Catalina
Faulmi, Fernando
Faustino, Gregorio
Faustino, Silvestre
Felismino, Raymundo
Fenis, Pablo
Ferrer, Luis
Ferrer, Mateo
Ferrer, Nazaria
Flores, Eduardo
Fojas, Daniel
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
2
6.5022
2
.0530
1
.0345
2
.1520
2
2. 5130
2
6. 1163
1
8.9840
3
8. 0712
3
8.7483
1
9. 2057
1
1. 8605
1
.2000
1
.1928
1
16. 0667
1
.1888
2
137. 8125
<;
,6567
2
10. 4643
5
19. 7877
1
5. 9828
1
.1020
9
34.1462
1
.0520
1
2.1983
1
.1677
2.7300
2
1
.0720
4
18. 0733
2
8. 5667
1
.4803
5
4. 0946
1
. 0770
1
.1815
1
.0680
1
.3737
1
7. 9350
1
18. 5720
1
1.2650
1
.3178
6
27. 3652
1
.1568
1
1.6342
2
18. 4030
1
3. 2385
2
.6428
1
.2445
1
9.2380
1
.1895
1
.2350
1
.0797
2
9. 9298
2
4. 7945
2
5.8090
1
.3442
1
.2568
1
.1865
2
5.3480
1
2. 3197
1
.4320
2
2.2378
4
9. 4747
'>
.8233
1
.7747
2
.0975
1
.3288
•A
16. 0290
1
3. 5655
2
8.1805
1
.1505
3
7. 7095
3
13. 7375
1
.0515
10
361. 8660
1
.1230
1
.0547
1
.4078
1
1.7462
116
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July^ 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate—Contmued.
Fortiino, Calixta
Fortune, Dionicio
Fortuno, Maximo
Fortune, Nicolas
Francia, Marcela
Francia, Rafael
Francia, Severina
Francia, Valentina
Francia, Zacarias
Franco, Florencia
Franco, Gliceria
Franco, Guillemia
Franco, Ilomana
Frijoles, Faustino
Frijoles, Proceso
Gabriel, Mariano
Gabriel, Pastor
Gabriel, Remigia
Gadgad, Fabian
Gaerlan, Abraham
Galan, Ijconcia
Gaian, Rosenda
Garampon, Ciri i j
Garcia, Apoloniu
Garcia, Clara
Garcia, Cornello
Garcia, Dionicio
Garcia, Francisco
Garcia, Gregorio
Garcia, Leoncio
Garcia, Miguel
Garcia, Poienciano
Garcia, Regino
Geda, Mamerto
Gade, Maria
Gadaria, Gil
Genega. Felipe
Generillo, Geferina
Generillo, Romatia
Genuino, Antonia
Genuino, Eugenia
Genuino, Florencia
Genuino, Florenc io
Genuino, Gliceria
Genuino, Jos6
Genuino, Leoncia
Genuino, Melecio
Genuino, Policarpio
Genuino, Santiago
Genuino, Serapia
Genuino, Vicente
Geronimo, Mariano
Gionco, Pablo
Gionco, Valentin
Gonzaga, Paulino
Gonzaga, Placida
Gonzales, Adriana
Gonzales, Eleuteria
Gonzales, Estaban R
Gonzales, Florentiiio
Gonzales, Gerardo
Gonzales, Juana
Gonzales, Maria A
Gonzales, Paula
Gozo. Marcelo
Gracia, Damaso de la
Granados, Emigdio
Granados, Gregoria
Granados, Juliana
Granados, Mariano
Grenados, Teodorica
Grepo, Antonia
Grepo, Emfgdia
Grepo, Juan
Grej% Bonifacio
Guardacasa, Maria
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 2923
37. 1437
4. 2795
30. 82G3
13. 0417
7. 1188
.3830
9. 6112
.1718
28.0815
11. 7470
10. 2377
96. 0805
1.3175
.2880
1.0800
.1463
.1862
.1040
62. 6128
.1297
. 2600
.1228
2. 4415
20. 3835
22. 8180
12. 1545
.3900
.0610
.0867
1.3765
. 9445
. 7363
32. 7565
37. 6732
11.4915'
.1215
4. 2325
.1443
.1082
4. 3915
2. 3158
.0930
.0665
49. 8()50
29. 8895
7. 7830
3. 2425
27. 4707
.2030
12. 3053
. 6430
2. 3947
.1575
2.7833
3.1512
8. 5670
17.4653
38. 4887
9. 4748
1.5950
.3032
13. 1203
17.0637
2. 9668
.1190
32. 5125
.9695
3.9730
28. 2807
40. 4790
10.8345
13. 6850
2. 6720
.0805
3.3120
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
gatofe— Continued .
Guarin, Amastacio
Guarin, Cornelia
Guarin, Eugenia
Guevarra, Damaso
Guevarra, Daniel
Guevarra, Espiridion
Guexarra, Eulogio
Guevarra, Teofilo
Guia, Eduardo de
Guia, Ynocencio
Guinoo, Gil
Guitarra, Simeon
Gujet, Petronilo
Gutierrez, Remigio
Gutierrez, Teodora
Guyamin, Eleuterio
Guyamin, Yrinea
Guzman, Buenaventura
Guzman, Toribio de
Guzman, Venancio de
Hebreo, Diego
Helera, Juana
Hernandez, Alvaro
Hernandez, Ambrocia
H ernandez, Antonio
Hernandez, Apolonia
Hernandez, Baltazar
Hernandez, Catalino
Hernandez, Gavino
Hernandez, Gregorio
Hernandez, I^ucio
Hernandez, Pelagia
Hernandez, Policarpio
Hernandez, Rosalia
Hernandez, Telesforo
Hernandez, Ambrocia
Herrera, A suncion
Herrera, CIrilo
Herrera, Maria
Herrera, Sotera
Honra, Florencio
Honra, Raymundo
Honrada, Arcadio
Honrada, Vicente
Horario, Fermin
Horario, Sixto
Hosana, Agapito
Ibafiez, Deogracias
Ibanez, Francisco
Ibafiez, Isberta
Ignacio, Cirilo
llano, Benedicto
llano, Tito
Jrop, Brigida
Iruguin, Andres
Iruguin, Canuto
Iruguin Gavino
Iruguin, Geronimo
Iruguin, Roberto
Iso, Victor
Iso, Zacarias
Jacobo, Dalmacio
Javier, Balbina
Javier, Ciriaco
Javier, f^ucio
Javier, Simeona
Javier, Zacarias
Jimenez, Agapito
Jimenez, Antonio
Jimenez, I<]steban
Jimenez, Eugenio
Jimenez, Geronimo
Jimenez, Gonzalo
Jimenez, Gregorio
Jimenez, Josefa
Jimenez, Juan
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
117
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of^ July, 1910, shotving
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
San Francisco de Malabon
cstate—Lo.d'muGd.
Jimenez, Juliana ,
Jimenez, Leoncio
Jimenez, Potenciano
Jimenes, Roberto ,
Jimenes, Timotea
Jocson, Margarita
Jornales, Apolonio
Jomales, Eladio
Joenales, Teodorica
Josue, Domingo
Juares, Ciriaca
Judal, Gabriel
Labrador, Emiliano
Lagda, Vicente
Lapidario, Natalio
Latac, Silvestre
Leafio, Dionicio
Leafio, Eugenio ,
Leafio, Modesto
Leano, Zacarias
Legaspi, Damaso
Legaspi, Florencio
Legaspi, Juana
Legaspi, Lorenzo
Legaspi, Melecio
Legaspi, Pablo
Legaspi, Tomas
Leuterio, Carlos
Leuterio, Manuel
Leyva, Severina
Ley va, Donato
Lontoc, Adriano
Lontoc, Ambrocia
Loren, Anastacio
Loren, Cipriana
Loren, Grcgoria
Loren, Juana
Loren, Maximo
Loren, Santiago
Loyola, Jos6
Losano, Tomas
Losares, Juana
Lopez, Gerardo
Lucay , Barcelisa
Lucban, Julian
Lucero, Doroteo
Lucero, Luciano
Luig, Luis
Luig, Romualdo
Luit, Luciano
Lunague, Arcadio
Lumagui, Dionicia
Lumagui, Dominga
Lumagui, Mateo
Lumagui, Pio
Lumagui, Raymunde
Lumagui, Ruperto
Lumandas, Sabina
Lumanog, Dorotea ,
Lumanog, Hilarion
Lumanog, Lope
Lumanog, Pedro
Lumba, Clemencia
Lumbreras, Felisa
Lumubos, Jos6
Lumucso, Aurelia ,
Lumucso, Eugenio
Lumucso, Juana
Lumucso, Pedro
Lumucso, Vicente
Lumunsat, Trisanto
Lumunsat, Maria
Lumunsat, Perpetuo
Luna Barbara
Luna, Francisco ,
Luna, Gil ,
Lima, Tomas ,
1
0. 0763
6
6.3747
2
6. 4300
3
1.5300
1
.0938
10
84. 8810
1
.0260
1
.1912
2
6.1365
1
1.1495
1
1.4943
2
1.3020
1
.2475
1
4.0520
1
9. 0462
2
7. 4138
2
7. 9465
1
.2577
3
12. 6830
3
240. 7930
1
.1435
1
1. 0860
1
.1753
1
.5750
4
5. 5605
1
.3077
1
.2423
1
.0902
2
6. 2268
2
1. 3692
1
.4733
2
.4105
2
7. 4580
3
15. 2617
1
.0803
1
1. 7392
9
70. 3343
1
12. 3575
4
22. 7607
2
16. 4835
1
.0873
1
. 4312
1
.2478
1
.0772
1
.9803
1
4. 5632
8
31.0278
1
.2072
1
.2355
1
.0588
1
.1075
2
7. 3567
3
12. 7683
3
16. 1520
2
11. 2922
1
8. 8760
I
.0968
1
.3757
3
10. 4908
1
24. 4972
3
8. 67.30
1
.2283
1
.1235
2
17. 1962
1
2. 1283
2
5. 6347
2
5.8450
1
5. 1195
1
.4645
1
3.8320
12
77. 1780
3
7.8280
2
1.9263
1
.5060
3
5. 8610
2
10. 0547
1
.1825
San Francisco de Malabon
estate— Con tinned .
Lunasin, David
Luneta, Eulogio
Luneta, Juan
Luneta, Lazaro
Luneta, Lorenzo
Luneta, Luciano
Luno, Balbino
Luno, Pedro
Luntec, Angel
Llorente, Escolastica
Madlangbayan, Alejandro
Madlangbayan, Aquilino
Madlangbayan, Ciriaco
Madlangbayan, Emiterio
Madlangbayan, Juan
Madlangbayan, Justo
Madlangbayan, Licario
Madlangbayan, Macario
Madriaga, Alexandra
Madriaga, Eusebia
Madriaga, Gerarda
Magaya, Juana
Magbayao, Juliana
Magbayao, Pantaleon
Magsambol, Narciso .1
Magsino, Eulalio
Malla, Ililaria C. de
Malihan, Simeona
Manalo, Ambrosio
Manalo, Pedro
Mane, Policarpia
Mangubat, Bernarda
Mangubat, Doroteo
Mangubat, Felix
Mangubat, Isidro
Mangubat, Julio
Mangubat, Julita ,
Manzana, Lucia
Maraan, Benedicta
Marcial, Juliana
Mariano, Matilde
Mariano, Pedro
Matta, Bernardo
Matta, Julio
Matta, Maria ,
Matta, Narcisa
Matta, Silvlna
Matta, Tomas
Matimtim, Nicolasa ,
Martinez, Manueia
Medina, Alexandra
Medina, Antonia
Medina, Filomena
Medina, Macaria
Medina, Pedro
Medina, Policarpo
Medina, Valentin
Mandres, Julia
Mandres, Pablo
Mercado, Geronimo
Mercado, Maxiniana
Mercado, Tiburcio
Mercado, Victor
Mendoza, Antonio
Mendoza, Cosme
Mendoza, Felix
Mendoza, Gregoria
Mendoza, Hermogena
Mendoza, Justa
Mendoza, Lazarona
Mendoza, Manuel
Mendoza, Pacifico
Mendoza, Paulino
Mendoza, Soledad
Mendoza y Grepo, Vicente..
Mendoza, Vicente
Mendoza, Victoria ,
13
0.2100
28.5118
7. 4735
12. 7662
6. 2250
6. 5865
.4483
.5255
6.0300
. 1692
.2475
. 1768
.1930
.2525
.1975
7. 0233
. 2520
.2510
.0317
.1803
71.9112
.1378
6. 5702
.40-^0
12. 6495
4. 7190
16. 4980
3. 8488
.0782
.2480
.1990
3. 3310
55. 4862
10.7200
10. 8017
3. 9688
5. 5500
.2927
. 1538
16. 4087
.0710
10. 9205
.2273
7.0177
.2118
.2010
.0702
.0928
.0782
27. 1865
7. 9040
.1258
27. 7740
.1990
.1770
2. 7255
15. 0362
. 2993
.4327
.4130
.0963
.1527
3.6425
. 1385
. 1308
2. 4042
10. 2613
.2740
2. 7435
5. 9217
12. 7793
4. 6487
9. 37fi5
9. 4995
.1175
.1108
.1627
118
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
c«f ate— Continued .
Miranda, Alfonzo
Mojica, Albina
Molica, Felicidad
Molla, Narciso
Montalan, Dionicia
Montano, Paulino
Montejo, Eugenio
Montemayor, Marcelo
Montevirgen, Francisco
Monte virgen. Moises.
Montimor, Vicenfa
Montino, Roman
Monton, Cipriana
Monton, Flaviana
Monton, Froilan
Monton, Honorio
Monton, Lucio
Monton, Mariano
Montoya, Graciana
Montoya, Ysidro
Montoya, Julia
Montoya, Teodoro
Montoya, Vicente
Monzon, Gavino
Monzon, Leon
Morabe, Gregorio
Morabe, Severina
Moral, Engracia
Moral, Felisa
Morano, Bonifrxia
Morave, Lazaro
Morena, Mariano.
Morente, Ynes
Morente, Modesto
Mores, Bonifacio
Mores, Sicenando
Morga, Florentine
Morte, Calixta
Mota, Anastacio
Mota, Tomasa
Movido. Dalmacia
Moya, Andres
Moya, Eugenio
Moya, Marcelo
Moya. Minucio
Mugei, Braulio
Mugol, Flaviano
Mugol, Isberta
Mugolj Juan
Municipality of S. F. de Mala-
bon
Municipality of Noveleta
Munoz, Apolinaria
Muyot, Adriano
Muyot, Teodora
Nalles, Escolastico
Nato, Angel
Nato, "Victor
Nave, Jos6
Nazareno, Anqcl
Ner, Andres..
Nepomuceno, Mat ias
Noceda, Mateo
Nocon, Andrea
Nocon, Cayetaiia
Nocon, Elena
Nocon, Eulalia
Nocon, Francisco
Nocon, Isidora
Nocon, Modesto
Nocon, Moises
Nocon, Nicolasa
Nocon, Pedro
Nocon, Romualdo
Nocon, Teodorica
Nocon, Valerlano
Nocon, Victoriana
Parcels
pur-
chased,
Area (in
acres).
2
0. 3595
39. 8888
3. 7215
. 0617
.2925
1.0095
4. 7563
15. 9427
10. 86(55
9. 3470
6. 8520
. 6105
1.8130
18. 0150
.3688
. 2252
.2268
2. 4837
10. 0295
9. 4548
. 0547
. 8633
2. 5025
14. 4922
11.0328
3. 1347
.1393
.2007
.4905
.1860
.5600
.7640
5. 6420
48. 4543
.4102
10. 3785
.1465
10. 9385
.1555
31. 6220
1. 7000
3.4178
6. 1425
5. 4895
.5040
.0927
10. 2565
2. 1448
2.2300
5
4. 1192
3
6. 7083
6
39. 4812
I
.0915
1
.9848
I
. 3295
1
2. 2080
1
4. 3105
2
10. 3060
1
.2270
3
8.5185
1
.4940
1
1.0077
6
a5. 4983
2
3.7577
1
.1838
2
11.5050
1
4.8527
2
.2885
3
1.9123
1
.2062
1
.1393
4
.9562
1
.3903
1
.0955
11
134. 1905
1
.1802
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate— Continued .
Nogadas, Apolonla
Nuiiez, Prisca
Ocampo, Aristona de
Ocampo, Eulogio de
Ocampo, Florencio de
Ocampo, Nieves de
Odiong, Eduardo
Odono, Agustina
Odviar, Felipa
Odviar, Luciano
Odviar, Rufmo
Odvina, Ceferina
Odvina, Cornelio
Odvina, Gregoria
Odvina, Pedro
Olaez, Apolinaria
Olaez, Benito
Olaez, Damaso *
Olaez, Donato
Olaez, Liceria
Olaez, Pio
Olimpo, Cipriano
Olimpo, Pilar ^
Olimpo, Quiterio
Oracion, Carlos
Oracion, Carlos
Oracion, Isidro
Orario, Gil
Orario, Vicente
Orate, Juana
OsiS; Gregoria
Pabiton, Paula
Pagcalinangan, Calixto
Pagcaliuangan, Julian ,
Pagcalinangan, Segundo ,
Paguio, Graciano
Pajarito, Engracia
Palma, Damasa
Palma, Honorata ,
Palomar, Vi vencio
Palompo, Ramon
Panaligan, Simon
Pafiganiban, Carlos
Pafiganiban, Damaso
Paflganiban, Diego
Pafiganiban, Eugenio
Pafiganiban, Gabriel ,
Pafiganiban, Patricio
Pafiganiban, Pedro
Pafigilinan, Baldomera ,
Pangilinan, Dorotea ,
Pafigilinan, Espiridion ,
Papan, Tiburcfo
Paras, Angel
Pardo, Romualdo ,
Paredes, Isldoro
Paredes, Romana
Parot, Faustina
Pascual, Ignacio
Pastoral, Rafael
Patriarca, Clemen te
Patriarca, Julian
Patriarca, Quintina
Patricio, Francisco
Patricio, Juan
Pefia, Justo de la
Perea, Fausta
Perea, Pedro
Pilapil, Gregorio
Pilapil, Tomasa
Piloc, Jacinto
Poblete, Benito
Poblete, Pelagio
Polido, Segundo
Poniente, Simplicio
Porteria, Barbara
Porteria, Benita
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.1300
.3955
8. 2070
.1198
.7162
.3955
.0560
6. 0565
32. 3883
.1630
.4360
.1557
4.3053
11.8362
.0400
2. 7738
2. 7177
2. 8170
11. 4058
7.8875
.1247
52. 1835
6. 5610
16. 2085
1. 4735
2. 5438
1.7192
.4043
.5225
80. 0890
4. 2750
.1357
1.1583
7. 4762
.2900
.3758
.1500
28. 6065
15. 0807
.3655
.2258
2. 1055
.2467
.0868
.1337
.6520
.3765
.0458
.1652
.0538
.1285
.3555
1. 8447
1. 8623
.1692
12.0396
.2626
.5838
1.0236
12. 9282
.2018
2.7142
.9698
248. 5237
13. 4760
17. 8178
.1547
.1238
.0445
12.0702
.1126
.1990
2.2223
.1895
.2997
.1746
7.4670
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
119
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the S 1st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
I Parcels
pur-
chased.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate— Continued.
Porteria, Pedro
Fortilla, Clotilde
Portilla, Felipa
Porto, Bruno
Porto, Eusebia
Porto, Hugo
Porto, Juan
Porto, Maria
Porto, Segundo
Porto, Servillano
Porto, Zacarias
Portugal, Concepcion
Portugal, Santod
Portuguez, Ambrocio
Portuguez, Emigdio
Posas, Eulalio
Posas, Guillermo
Potente, Bernardo
Potente, Gil
Potente, Justo
Potente, Norberto
Presa, Alberto
Presa, Flavlano
Presa, Quiteria
Presa, Reymondo
Presa, Rosa
Primero, Juan
Primero, Leon
Prodigalidad, Mateo
Prodigalidad, Maximiano
Prodigalidad, Pedro
Profeta, Anastacio
Profeta, Benito
Profeta, Ciprlano
Profeta, Cornelio
Profeta, Raymundo
Profeta, Telesforo
Prudente, Amado
Prudente, Anastaslo
Prudetite, Apolinario
Prudente, Isidoro
Prudente, Prudencio
Prudente, Simeon
Prudente, Sotero
Prudente, Victorino
Pueblo, Gregorio
Pueblo, Manuel
Puerta, Donato
Puerta, Engracla
Pugay, Apolonia
Pugay, Atanasio
Pugay, Balblna
Pugay, Gavino
Pugay, Gregorio
Pugay, Mariano
Pugay, Pedro
Pugeda, Benedicta
Pugeda, Cecilia
Pugeda, Dorotea
Pugeda, Epifand
Pugeda, Felipa
Pugeda, Teodoro
Pugeda, Tiburclo
Pulido, Felix
Pulido, Juan
Pulido, Leoncio
Pulido, Roman
Pulido, Sotero
Punlagao, Juan
Punzalan, Aleio
Punzalan, Felipe
Punzalan, Roberto
Purihin, Quitano
Puspos, Fausto
Puspos, Maria
Quiembao, Severina
Quladson, Bonifacio
Area (in
acres).
5.4353
32. 5080
9. 8532
.1830
25. 5968
14.1010
14. 3515
.9217
(1. 7855
in. 8015
19. 5423
14.3250
.0752
21.8148
23. 6847
(>. 2895
3. 4035
167. 5543
55. 3200
38. 0927
16. 6403
4. 0955
10. 0865
4. 1060
2. 9945
.0747
.4143
.1850
. 1232
.1380
1.9518
.2222
. 1950
.0843
.4317
6. 5425
1.3083
2. 8537
.0580
. 0553
5. 7690
.4725
. 0382
.0215
3. 1820
16. 9308
.5082
.1163
2. 4397
.2225
.1930
. 1543
.0417
.3515
. 1860
. 2383
11.4165
2.2^:07
24.6278
8. 5877
.0498
17. 2995
. 1535
1.8907
1.3500
1.2248
.1647
2.7700
4. 7610
.3475
.0220
.1485
.0568
6. 7532
5. 1543
48.8510
.4647
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malabon
estate—ContinuQd.
Quiadson, Escolastico. . .
Quiadson, Isabel o
Quiadson, Mariano
Quiadson, Rafael
Quinto, Marcos
Quion, Basilia
Quion, Claro
Quion, Felisarda
Quion, Julia
Quion, Juliana
Quion, Laureano
Quion, Luisa
Quion, Macaria
Quion, Melesia
Quion, Pablo
Quion, Paulino
Quion, Pnidencia
Quion, Severo
Quirap, Eligio
Quirap, Macaria
Quisame, Cipriano
Quitquitan, G rogorio
Rabela, Laureano
Ramirez, Canuto
Ramirez, Sotero
Ramos, Eustacio
Ramos, Maximino
Ramos, Paula
Raquel, Gavina
Raquefio, Agripino
Raqueiio, Catalina
Raquefio, Deogracias
Raqueiio, Fernando
Raqueiio, Juana
Raqueiio, Julia
Raquefio, Melecio
Raqueiio, Pablo
Raqueiio, Rafaela
Raqueiio, Segunda
Rayos, Bias
Rayos, Candelaria
Rea, Anacleta de la
Rea, Ignacio de la
Rea, Pelagio de la
Reano, Francisca
Reaiio, Victoriana
Resa, Regina
Rescal, Mariano
Resus, Jacinta
Resus, Marcela
Resus, Maria
Reterta, Maxima
Retonel, Dionicio
Reinante, Gaudencio —
Reinante, Tomas
Reyes, Alejo
Reyes, Andres
Reyes, Balbino
Reyes, Basilia
Reyes, Basilio
Reyes, Benito
Reyes, Bernarda
Reyes, Brigida
Reyes, Dorotea
Reyes, Eleuterio de ios. .
Reyes, Enrique
Reyes, Escolastico
Reyes, Florencia
Reyes, Florentine
Reyes, Francisca de Ios.
Reyes, Juan de Ios
Reyes, Lucio
Reyes, Macario
Reyes, Marcela
Reyes, Marcos de Ios
Reyes, Meliton
Reyes, Simforoso de '.i>s.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
2.5495
. 2575
3.3108
2. 6815
.9892
.7068
.0882
.8090
4.2613
.1922
12. 5863
.3727
.5808
4.8807
.9835
30. 4558
.9127
3. 2708
.2307
.3860
2. 0675
14. 7778
. 31.80
95. 6397
1. 3275
91. 7010
41. 5455
20. 3798
9. 7967
.1335
81. 7395
21. 8605
.9763
. 6(>67
.7893
17. 6007
13. 5535
24. 5513
7. 5995
.0727
.2833
3. 3080
4.9792
.2230
.2155
.1188
.0602
2. 7905
3. 5413
2. 8340
4. 8252
.1703
4.1660
.0757
.1130
1.1600
66. 3665
3. 1650
9. 3473
.0890
.5207
.0718
. 2220
17. 7890
2. 3607
.0763
13.0547
9. 4393
.4497
12. 7273
1. 7608
1.8887
.3268
1.0837
. 47«)0
. 1280
.1080
120
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malibon
e*«a«c— Continued.
Reyes, Sixto
Reyes, Sotero
Reyes, Teodoro
Reyes, Valentin
Reyes, Valeriano de los. .
Reyes, Vicente
Ricafrente, Augustin . . . .
Ricaf rente, Antonio
Ricafrente, Felipa
Ricafrente, Fermina
Ricafrente, Petrona
Ricafrente, Rita
Ricafrente, Sabino
Ricafrente, Valentin
Ricasa, Andres
Ricasa, Catalino
Ricasa, Gregorio
Rios, Gerardo F
Rios, Jos6F
Rios, Ramon F
Rita, Joaquin Santa
Ribera, Agapito
Ribera, Juan
Ribera, Tomasa
Ribera, Zacarias
Ribes, Pedro
Robles, Barbara
Roceta, Andrea
Rodas, Lucio Pio
Roda, Mariano Pio de. .
Rojas, Benigno
Rojas, Daniel
Rodriguez, Andrea
Rodriguez, Arcadio
Rodriguez, I^nacio
Rosario, Agrifmo del
Rosario, Felix del
Rosario, Jacinta del
Rosario, Juan del
Rosario, Saturnino del..
Rosario, Victoriano del.
Ruiz, Lazaro
Ruiz, Tomasa
Ruvico. Nicasio.
Sabali, Pablo
Sabido, Tomasa
Sablan, Juliana
Sacro, Venancia
Sagpao, Bonifacio
Sagpao, Donato
Sagpao, Hermogenes. . .
Sagpao, Maximo
Sagpao, Nepomuceno. . .
Sagpao, Segundo
Sales, Beatriz
Sales, Bernabe
Sales, Bernardo
Sales, Escolastico
Sales, Francisca
Sales, Francisco
Sales, Jos6
Sales, Saturnino
Salgado, Brigida
Salgado, Eutiquiano
Salgado, Marcela
Salgado, Rafael
Salgado, Teodorico
Salgado, Toquiano
Salinas, Cenon
Salinas, Rosalie
Salinas, Tomasa
Saliva, Candido
Saliva, Catalino
Salud , Alejandro
Salud.Hilario
Salud , Marcos
Salud , MaxiUM? , . ^ t - r - • .
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
3
0.8170
1
4.3680
1
1.6613
2
.4760
1
^ 4.1325
6
107. 4745
1
.1847
1
.2935
1
.2598
1
.0855
1
.0525
1
. 1132
1
.2688
2
1.0877
1
.1535
1
.0988
1
.0450
2
15.2300
8
26. 5542
2
8. 1093
1
.2365
1
.3550
3
5. 4850
2
8. 9225
1
.1660
3
1.5367
2
1.2590
1
.2110
14
63.5358
6
30. 6707
4
39. 9748
1
. 3167
1
.084.5
4
5. 8365
3
12. 1728
2
24. 9035
1
8. 8555
1
7. 4810
9
80. 3467
1
6.2163
2
1.5112
1
.0400
4
10. 1435
1
.1033
8
38.2807
1
.0585
1
.0343
1
.1910
1
.0257
1
.0560
1
.0923
1
.1325
1
.0685
1
.1110
1
.1145
8
15. 8027
6
16.5433
1
.1765
3
21. 0645
12
144. 6797
3
7.0985
1
.0348
3
13. 0900
1
.0495
2
8.9202
4
12. 2743
6
17.9837
1
.3798
1
27. 9282
5
30. 4135
1
.2685
4
11. 7650
1
10. 6278
1
3.3507
4
7. 0725
1
12.6830
1
.3700
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malahon
<«teic— Continued.
Salud, Valentin
Saludo, Elias
Salvador, Victoriano
Samson, Alberto
Sanchez, Silvino
Sangalang, Bernardo
Santander, Eustaquio
Santiago, Eulogio
Santulio, Graciano
Safiez, Marcela
Santos, Arcadio de los
Santos, Juliana de los
Santos, Rufino de los
Sapida, Juan
Saqui, Martina
Saqui, Telesforo
Saranglao, Florencia
Saranglao, Proceso
Saria, Apolinaria
Saria, Dionlcia
Saria, Filomena
Saria, Francisco
Saria, Margarita
Saria, Romualdo
Saria, Tomas
Sarmiento, Placida
Satinitigan, Juliana
Saulog, Baldomera
Saulog, Victoriana
Sefleris, Pedro
Silang Cruz, Basilio
Silang Cruz, Macario
Simbre, Basilio
Simpan, Julian
Simpelo, Bonifacio
Simpelo, Eugenia
Simpelo, Gil.
Simpelo, Severino
Sinag, Benita
Sinag, Baleriana
Sinalubong, Eugenio
Sincosa, Marcelino
Sinilong, Paulina
Sinsay, Juan
Sinsay , Bonifacio
Sipat, Doroteo
Sipat, Juana
Sipat, Pedro
Sipat, Simeon
Sison, Cornelio
Sison, Lorenzo
Sison, Manuel
Soils, Agapita
Solis, Eleuteria
Soils, Damaso
Solis y Buhain, Francisco..
Solis, Cipriana
Solis, Lucio
Solis, Narciso
Solis, Marcelo
Solis, Pilar
Solis, Pastor
Solis, Romualdo
Solis, Sotero
Solis, Tranquilina
Solis, Victor
Soriano, Aguedo
Soriano, Francisco
Sariano, Gliceria
Soriano, Honoria
Sorme, Lorenza
Sorosoro, Juan
Suasa, Maria
Suasa, Mariano
Sudano, Macaria
Sudano, Maria
Sulan, Yap
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1
23. 4490
1
.4668
1
.1300
1
.1812
1
.0443
1
.2077
1
.2028
23
143.4717
1
.3788
1
13.2185
1
.3142
1
.9578
2
L2910
1
6.2167
1
20. 0455
1
9. 1408
1
.2472
1
.6440
1
12. 5170
1
.3345
1
11.7235
2
3. 7460
1
1. 2925
2
4.0000
3
16. 2385
1
.1085
2
8. 4068
2
9. 0142
1
2. 5235
1
.3730
2
.3013
1
.0302
1
.8180
1
.2403
2
11. 8800
1
.0857
2
7. 9023
1
.2662
1
.1223
3
8.2806
2
.4270
2
2. 9430
2
11. 3150
1
.1300
1
3. 1340
1
.3850
2
6.8432
2
.8188
1
.2212
1
L7598
1
.0462
8
112. 5260
2
.2575
1
.3530
2
.3903
1
.1075
3
.5565
2
.2305
7
29.0175
2
.9602
1
.0958
3
1. 0212
I
.3335
1
.0933
1
.0472
2
L6160
3
14. 1775
1
.1710
1
.0618
4
3.5875
1
.3930
2
.2542
1
.0780
2
1.0468
1
1. 7722
2
8.0553
2
.2177
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
121
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malahon
estate—Continued.
Susana, Bernardina
Susana, Fetrona
Tabanan, Estepa
Tabar, Apolonio
Tabar, Pedro
Taclobo, Carlos, and Simafia,
Miguel
Taclobo, Meliton
Tacucong, Martin
Tagalog, Pio
Taganas, Felipe
Taganas, Luis
Tagarao, Doininga
Tagle, Kladia
Tagle, Isaac
Tagle, Juana
Tagle, Laureana
Tagle, Mariano
Tagle, Nicolasa
Taglinao, Baldomera
Taglinao, Dalmacio
Taglinao, Pio
Tampoc, Maria
Tanda, Vicente
Tanlapco, Roi erto
Tapauan, Santos
Tecson, Rosa
Tiongson, Irineo
Tirona, Pablo
Topacio, Gavino
Topacio, Ines
Torres, Cecilia de ,
Torres, Domingo de
Trel)ias, Pantaleon
Trias, Berna^e
Trias, Eufemio
Trias, Eulalia
Trias, Felisa
Trias, Gliceria
Trias, Gregorio
Trias, Ignacio
Trias, Juan
Trias, Julita
Trias y Abueg, Justina
Trias," Justina
Trias, Manuela
Trias, Maria
Trias, Maria Paz
Trias, Mariano
Trias y Buendia, Maxitnino.
Trias, Maximine
Trias, Martina
Trias, Mateo
Trias, Modesto
Trias, Paula
Trias, Pedro
Trias, Pedro
Trias, Sisenando
Trias , Dareiano
Trias, Timotea
Tuliao, Luis
Tuliao, Mariano
Tuliao, Pedro
Udiong, Roman
L.^on, Melesio
Valedo, Anacleta
Valenzuela, Hermogenes
Valenzuela, Quintin
Vales, Benito
Vallecer, Claro
Vallecer, Damiana
Vallecer, Fausto
Vallecer, Graciano
Vallecer, Lorcnza
Vallecer, Marcela
Vallecer, Rosa
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
3
24. 0505
2
20. 7013
1
.0(00
1
. 2(i20
1
.1375
1
27. 0152
1
1.1995
1
. 1493
1
15. 4080
1
1.3342
1
5. 0920
1
. 0(>43
1
. 5107
2
. 5(.78
1
.1742
1
1.0095
2
6. 9478
1
. 5557
1
. 2580
2
5. 3823
2
8. 8352
1
. IC-SO
1
. 3273
1
.1822
1
. 3123
1
.58.,0
3
4. 2r87
1
.03S0
1
. 2053
1
12. 0807
1
2. 5565
3
12.8478
1
. 0802
9
52. 1800
1
. 5025
1
9. 0733
3
40.8037
1
11.4248
8
47. 3015
1
. 2205
3
8. 2002
38
562. 0200
1
. 1545
1
.0333
10
113. 7077
1
9. 4825
3
9. 9598
17
585. 9205
1
0. 2385
12
88. 0022
3
35. 0455
1
.2243
2
.7372
2
7. 7835
7
81.5833
11
106. 3972
1
.0703
2
. 6480
2
. 6367
1
1. 8795
2
. 2930
1
. 1730
1
.0578
1
9. 6822
1
. 0328
1
.1315
1
.4717
1
. 4375
3
2. 0493
3
1.3745
1
. 83()2
2
2. 7938
4
2. 3680
2
1.2327
3
1. 7038
Name of purchaser.
San Francisco de Malahon
estate— Continued..
Val vuena, Melecio G
Varon, Anacleta
Vedar, Urbano
Velando, Simon
Velasco, Carlos
Velasco, Catalino
Vergara, Florencio
Vergara, Hipolita
Villa, Gabriel de
Villaflor, Ruperto
Villanueva, Alfonsa
Villanueva, Ambrosio ...^
Villanueva, Crecencia
Villanueva, Escolastica
Villanueva, Florentina
Villanueva y Caldera, Simeon.
Villanueva, Simeon
Viniegra, Wenceslao
Virata, Anselmo
Virata, Antonio ,
Virata, Maria ,
Viray, Estanislao ,
Viray, Petronilo
Viray, Severino
Viscarra, Florencio
Vismanos, Cirilo ,
Vizmanos, Tomas
Vitancol, Andrea
Vitancol, Bibiana
Vitancol, Juan ,
Vitancol, Juana
Vivo, Ililario
Vivo, Lueena ,
Vivo, Valentin
Vivo, Vicente
Yalo, Bonifacio
Yonson, Bernardina ,
Ypsioco, Camilo
Ypsioco, Felix
Zoto, Quiteria
1,363 purchasers; 2,752
sales; 13,290.2156 acres.
SanJos^de Minder o estate.
2 sales;
Poole, E. L
1 purchaser;
56,212.0375 acres.
San Marcos estate.
Mendoza, Francisco
1 purchaser; 1
218.3223 acres.
Santa Eosa estate.
Acosta, Domingo de
Acosta, Teodorico de. . .
Acufia, Antonio
Acufia, Flaviana
Acufia, Josefa
Acufia, Lucia
Adaro, Primitivo
Adato, Eugenio
Adato, Ulpiano
Alacdan, Florencio
Alano, Santos
Alcasid , Ireneo
Alcoran, Emigdio
Alegre, Maxima
Alegre, Sotero
Aleriano, Macaria
Algabre, Leonardo
Alibudbud, Candido
Alibudbud, Catalino
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
1. 9287
.0620
.1303
.1532
251.0420
29. 5863
.2340
5.0090
.2235
.0947
7. 5090
2. 0680
.1113
5. 7657
.0565
1. 0405
.3023
50. 7902
14. 1450
.0983
.1117
.0478
.3192
2. 6383
3. 2860
1.0840
5. 7312
2. 7923
6. 7822
14. 5205
. 1862
.0952
.2608
. 0647
.1410
. 5260
2. 5068
7. 1535
7. 7637
75. 1688
56,212.0376
.2140
.1180
8. 7827
.1898
10. 1315
.4785
. 1423
. 1547
.4030
.1592
. 1380
.1653
. 3025
6. 9967
.0828
. 1250
58. 6977
.2020
.1518
82278°~H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 12
122
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (In
acres).
Santa Rosa estate— Continued.
Alibudbud, Epifania
1
2
•1
17
2
2
2
2
3
0. 1670
.2517
.3953
.1055
8. 7557
.3385
.2108
3. 9300
.1277
.2403
.2632
.4218
.1477
. 1615
.0920
.1738
.1327
.1608
.0807
.9558
.0995
8.8727
6. 6988
.1200
.1182
.2075
.1513
.2170
.1070
.2547
23. 7920
24, 9043
.1660
.1157
.1105
182. 1705
.1515
1. 6418
.1112
12. 5170
9. 8253
.7085
.1172
3. 7950
5. 5513
7. 1662
.3550
20. 5065
23. 4035
4. 0408
.1347
.0820
.1108
10. 9442
.0492
.3008
.0855
. 1255
2.8132
.0895
3. 0263
.0610
.1285
.0825
.0850
.0630
.0670
.0787
3.3365
.3303
1.1530
.0800
.1382
. 1073
.1600
.1020
• . 4195
.0940
Alibudbud, Felix
Alibudbud, Francisco
Alibudbud y Cose, Francisco.
Alibudbud, Gregorio
Alibudbud, Justa
Alibudbud, Hipolito
Alibudbud, Mariano
Alibudbud, Pablo F
Alibudbud, PJacida
Alibudbud, Ramon
Alibudbud, Ruperto
Alicpala, Potenciana
Alingarop, Rufina
Alinsod, Bartolome
Alinsod, Eulogio
Alinsod, Gabriela
Alinsod, Herrainigildo
Alinsod, Josefa
Alinsod, Justino
Alinsod, Manuel
Alinsod, Maria
Alinsod, Maura
Alipon, Braulio
Alipon, Juana
Alipon, Luis
Alls, Petra
Alls, Isidoro
Alitagtag, Leocadia
Alitagtag, Mariano
Almanzor, Lazaro
Almazan, Mateo
Almayan, Fortunata
Almayan. Romana
Almeda, Basilia
Almeda, Francisca
Almendras, Victor
Alniera, Glicerio .
Almira, Pedro
Almira, Teodoro
Almodobar, Albina
Almodovar, Alejandro
Almodovar, Bernab6
Almodovar, Ciriaco .
Almodovar, Epifanio
Almodovar, Mariano
Almodovar, Paulino
Almodovar, Petronila
Almodovar, Petronila
Almodovar, Segunda. .
Almodovar, Segunda
Almodovar, Siniedn
Almodovar, Severe
Almodovar, Teodorica
Almofia, Agueda
Alo ado, Anacleto
Alo ado, Epifanio
Alo ado, Gregoria
Alojado, Jos^
Alojado, Maria
Alojado, M4xima
Alo ado, Modesto
Alojado, Santiago
Alo ado, Santiago .
Alojado, Silvestra
Alondav, Florentino. . .
Aloria, Flaviano
Alp4s, Petronilo
Alpasan, Angel B . . . .
Alpasan, Clara
Alpasan, Luis
Alpasan, Tsabelo
Altura, Raymunda
Alubo, Felix
Alubera. Remigia
Alumno, Estanislao
Alumno, Manuel
Alvarez, Bernab^
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate—Continued.
Alvarez, Esteban
Alvarez, Gaudiosa
Alvarez, Ignacia
Alvarez, Marciana
Amador, Jos6
Amarante, Silvina
Amarante, Victoria
Ambagan, Francisca
Ambagan, Maria
Amomuta, Petronila
Amorante, Andres
Amorante, Cirilo
Amorante, Sebastian
Amoranto, Venancio
Amoranto, Yrene
Amoranto, Benita
Amoranto, Florencia
Amoranto, Ger<5nima
Amoranto, Martin
Amoranto, Toribio
Anahaw, Domingo
Andaya, Emilia
Andaya, Perfecto
Angeles, Filomena
Angeles, Lucio de los
Angeles, S
Angeles, Teodora
Angeles, Tranquilino
Angeles, Valentin
Afionuevo, Manuel
Afionuevo, Maria T
Afionuevo, Tranquilina
Aquino, Juan
Aquino, Macario
Arambulo, Estanislaoa
Arambulo, Esteban K
Arambulo, Exequiel
Arambulo, Francisco
Arambulo, Ildefonso
Arambulo, Lazaro
Arambulo, Maria
Arambulo, Maria
Arambulo, Venancia
Arambulo, Vicenta
Arceo, Francisco — ^
Arceo, Maria
Arceo, Placido
Arciaga, Bonifacia
Arciaga, Modesta
Arciaga, Narciso
Babasanta, Engracio
Babasanta, Santiago
Babilonia, Gregoria
Bailon, Florencio
Ballon, Mariano
Baltazar, Miguel
Bantatua, Agaton
Bantatua, Anastasia
Bantatua, Angel
Bantatua, Damian
Bantatua, Marcel ino
Bantatua, Nicolas
Bantatua, Vicenta
Barabara, Margarita
Baraquia, Jacinto
Baraquio, Bonifacio
Baraquio, Cipriano
Baraquio, Hipolito
B araquio, Perfecto
Baraquio, Sesenando
Baraquio, Tomas
Baraquio, Isidoro
Barasnari, Juan
Barashari, Ladislaoa
Barashari, Manuel
Barashari, Teodora
Baricanosa, Fortiinato
Barientes, Gregorio
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 3185
.2342
6. 1418
.1392
.1645
.3750
.6630
1. 0788
.9042
.1255
.1833
.1440
.0617
.1268
.2300
.1830
.0810
.5867
.1380
.0545
.1396
6. 9035
7. 2230
.0835
.1660
6. 7540
.1975
11. 0458
.0810
22. 9257
24. 2928
17. 4655
.4832
.2475
.1825
.1120
8. 4685
50. 7843
19. 1412
10. 0625
3. 2888
.1177
.1515
2. 2703
.0525
11. 7282
.0905
.2253
.3102
7. 3855
.1705
.4398
.0942
64. 9278
9. 8162
.0520
6. 3133
3. 2932
84. 7633
3. 7192
. 1208
.1100
12. 8185
.2292
14. 5435
.1358
.2410
.1857
.3528
.4840
.1445
.1080
.3445
.1105
. 2(;50
6. 2275
.0770
.2097
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS,
123
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of Jiihj, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, e^c- Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa esto^e— Continued.
Barientes, Jos6 ,
Barientes, Paulina
Barilamat, Hermenegildo
Barlao, Benito
Barlao, Florentina
Barlao, Francisco
Barlao, Fructuoso
Barlao, Juana
Barlao, Sofronio A
Barrera, Maximo
BarretO) Gregorio
Barreto, Maxima
Barria, Pelagio
Barrinueva, Eugenia
Barrinuevo, Catalina
Barrinuevo, Cipriano ,
Barrinuevo, Florentino
Barrinuevo, Ignacia
Barrinuevo, Julian
Barrinuevo, M^ximino
Barrinuevo, Perfecto
Barroma, Escolastica
Barroma, Maxima ,
Barroso, Cecilia ,
Bartolazo, Mariano ,
Bartolazo, Nicasio
Bartolazo, Pedro
Bartolazo, Ram^n
Bartolazo, Sinforoso
Basaran, Francisca
Basaran, Juliana
Basbas, Agapito
Basb^s, Aquilino
Basb^, Faustina
Basbds, Melecio
Basbds, Modesto
Basbds, Paulino
Basbds, Valentin ,
Basco, Cirilo
Basco, Fausta
Basco, Marcela
Basco, Maria
Basco, Raymundo ,
Bascon, Melecio
Bascdn, Petrona
Bases, Clemencia
Basical, A lejandra
Basical, Bonifacla
Basila, Bernardo
Basila, Gregorio
Basila, Sixto
Bastilero, Silvestre
Basuan, Pablo
Batain, Felix
Batain, Rafael
Batalona, Teodora
Batallones, Elena
Batallones . Lucas
Batallones', Sotero
Batanes, Epifania
Batanes, Julian
Batiao, Filomena
Batiao, Raymunda
Batiao, Filomena
Batiller, Narciso
Batln, Catalino
Batin, Macaria
Batin, Roberto
Batino, Antonio
Batino, Casimiro
Batino, Cirilo
Batino, Macario
Batino, Marcelo
Batino, Maria
Batitis, Antero
Batitis, Benedict©
Batitis, Francisco
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 2003
. 1622
1. 1883
.1335
. 0802
.1330
.1948
.2787
9. 6320
.0735
.5015
.2588
.1005
.1027
.0295
.1673
.6047
. 2760
.1675
.2405
.1618
.0997
.0915
7. 0673
.0790
.0970
. 5062
.1528
1. 2482
.1268
10. 7637
.2440
. 0908
.1662
.4645
1. 2663
.6297
.2495
.1708
.1432
.0425
.1103
.2250
.0687
.0930
. 2408
.2395
.1027
.0805
.0775
.1900
.0988
. 1160
. 4280
.2995
.1472
238. 5860
20. 3735
60. 3630
.2370
.1043
.4010
.1540
.2075
166. 0425
. 0582
. 2383
.1890
.6497
.0508
.0522
.2115
.0868
.3087
.2005
12. 9260
.0735
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate— Contmueil
Batitis, Manuel
Batitis, Maura
Batitis, Pedro
Batitis, Victoriana
Batd, Felix
Batolina, Esteban
Batolino, Lucio
Batucal, Agripina
Batugal, Alejandra
Batugal, Ambrosio
Batugal, Antonia
Batugal, Francisco
Batugal, Ledn
Batugal, Rosa
Bauan, Alejandro
Bauan, Mariano
Bauiin, Simona
Bainosa, Justa
Bainosa, Pedro
Bainosa, Severa
Beato, Augustin
Bedoya, Augustin
Beiona, Fernando
Belo, Bonifacio
Belo, Eugenio
Beltran, Simeon
Benitez, Bonifacia
Becerro, Francisca
Bicierro, Laureano
Billena, Vicente
Bombasi, Bartolom^
Bombasi , Crisanta
Bombasi, Felix
Bombasi, Pablo
Bombasi, Pablo
Borja, Basiliso de
Borja, Severino de
Buenaventura, Segunda
Burgos, Mariano
Cabrojas, Potonciano
Caguihguin, Marcelo
Calimpdn, Camilo
Calimpdn, Camilo
Calimp6n, Estanislao
Calimp6n, Francisco
Camalian, Francisco
Camesa, Miguela
Camesa, Segundo
Oamitan, Juana
Caningasan, Candelaria
Caningasan, Matea
Canog, Juana
Canog, Sabino
Caparaz, Aniceto
Caparaz, Eulalia
Capricho, Epifanio
Capote, Florentino
Capsa, Mateo
Capua, Petrona
Capuchino, Antera
Capuchino, Benito
Capuchino, Dominica
Capuchino, Emilio
Capuchino, Francisco
Capuchino, Jacoba
Capuchino, Juliana
Capuchino , Lorenza
Capuchino, Maria
Capuchino, Pedro
Capuchino, Severino
Capuchino, Valent n
Capuchino , Vicente
Capuchino, Vicente
Capugan, Melecio
Capugan, Tito
Capurrean, Telesforo
Capuzl, Simeona
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
124
ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon wkich the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate— -Continued.
Capuzle, Antonio
Capuso, Anastacio
Capuso, J3asilio
Capuso, Bernarda
Capuso, Isidro
Capuso, liosa
Capuso, Troadio
Capusuilgari, Ana
Caputian, Pedro
Caputian, Siinplicio
Caquio, Telagia
Carait, Vicente
Caramay , Aniceta
Caramay , Bernabe
Caramay, Cirilo
Caramy , Policarpio
Caramba, Segunda
Caramba, Simeon
Caramutan, Antonio
Caramutan, Catalina
Caramutan, Jose.
Caramutan, Leocadia
Caramutan, Mariano
Caramutan, Matias
Caramutan, Teodora
Caramutan, Victoria
Caran, Candido
Carapatan, Domingo
Carapatan, Faustino
Carapatan, Jacinto
Carapatan, Juan
Carapatan, Maximo
Carapatan, Petra
Carapatan, Teodorica
Carasco, Alejandro
Carasco, Canuta
Carasco, Cornelio
^ Carasco, Donato
' Carasco, Fausto
Carvajai, Eugenio
Carvajal, Filomeno
Carvajai, Julio
Carvajal, llosauro ,
Carballo, Benita
Carvallo, Faustina
Carvallo, Julia
Carvallo, Marcela
Carvallo, Martina
Carvallo, Santiago
Carvallo, Tiburcio
Cardenai, Victorina
Cardeno, Bernardo
Carlos, Cirilo A
Caro, Domingo ,
Caro, Eusebio
Caro, Faustina
Caro, Juliana
Caro, Simona
Carpena, Agapito.
Carpena, Brigido
Carpena, Francisco
Carpena, German
Carpena, Manuel
Carpena, Mariano
Carpena, Nicanor
Carpena, Pedro
Carpena y Catindig, Pedro
Carpena, Petronilo
Carpena, Teodora
Carpena, Tomas
Carpena, Valentina
Carpena, Yreneo
Carpo, Agapito
Carpo, Benito
Carpo, Catalino
Carpo, Francisco
Carpo, Juan
Carpo, Leoneia
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 0857
.1660
1. 6755
6. 7285
. 0698
.2050
.4490
.2017
.0818
.1340
.1187
.4043
14. 1287
.4528
.4230
.0617
.1028
.3737
.4873
.2060
.2045
. 2667
9. 6880
. 7965
5. 0878
.0800
. 2037
.2128
.0057
. 2025
.1145
4. 0795
. 0790
. 2503
.2762
.1573
.0327
. 2990
. 1463
.1830
. 0625
.1715
. 1670
. 0657
.1020
. 0610
.0745
.0488
.0400
.2315
.1430
. 4000
3. 9502
. 1513
.1117
10. 0320
. 1750
7. 6470
39. 1105
. 1525
. 0800
. 1305
. 1153
12. 3735
. 1327
. 1948
. 0497
17. 9718
2. 4747
16. 0805
17. 1258
17. 1345
. 1385
.1580
. 1582
.0678
.0777
.2340
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate — Continued.
Carpo, Lucio
Carpo, Marcelo
Carpo, Pablo
Carpo, Segundo
Carpo, Isidro
Carta, Agustina
Carta, Ciriaea
Carta, Emilio
Carta, Felipe
Carta, Jacinto
Carta, Juana
Carta, Margarita
Carta, Paulina
Carta, Pedro
Carta, Prudencio
Carta, Vicente
Carta, Ysidro
Cartagena, Benito
Cartagena, Concordia
Cartagena, Eugenia
Cartagena, Manuel
Cartagena, Miguel
Cartagena, Bosauro
Cartagena, Santos
Cartago, Dominga
Cartago, Ignacio
Cartano, Felix
Cartano, Eusebio
Cartano, Felix
Cartano, Hipolito
Cartano, Leon
Cartesiano, Agripino
Cartesiano, Doroteo
Cartesiano, Gregorio
Cartesiano, Juan
Cartesiano, Lucia
Cartesiano, Tomas
Cartesiano, Tranquilino
Cartera, Isidoro
Casinda, llaymundo
Casinda, Raymundo
Casigon, Gregorio
Castellana, Nicolasa
Castillo, Epifanio
Castillo, Mariano
Castillo, Tomds
Castillo, Toniasa
Castro, Bernardino de
Castro, Juliana de
Castro, Perpetua de
Castro, Regina de
Castro, Roque de
Castro, Victoria de
Casubuan, Bibiana
Casubuan, Juan
Casupang, Francisco
Casupang, Guillermo
Catagan, Antonio
Catindig, Agustin
Catindig, Bonita
Catindig, Epifanio
Catindig, Juan, jr
Catindig, Juan, sr
Catindig, Leoncio
Catindig, Marcos
Catindig, Melchor
Catindig, Modesto ,
Catindig, Nicolas
Catindig, Pedro
Catindig, Pioquinto ,
Catindig, Salvador ,
Catindig, Valeriano ,
Catindig, Isidoro
Cerbo, Eduardo
Cervantes, Bernardo
Cervantes, Jos6
Cervantes, Luis
I'arcols
pur
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 1273
. 5227
30. 3285
.3885
.1473
4.5397
.2505
6. 0965
.0770
.4840
.1185
7. 7656
4. 4718
. 2617
.3405
20. 4618
. 3330
.1120
9. 9327
. 0785
14. 7288
6. 3305
5. 4682
21. 9563
6. 6650
. 1422
.3623
.1152
. 2993
.1477
.3845
.1585
1.50.8100
90. 1063
8. 9092
4. 2235
.2070
. 4933
.1137
.0715
.1300
.1308
.0612
. 4970
.1638
.2377
19. 1043
.4370
. 1695
. 4130
.1295
1.0795
.2715
.1302
.1428
.4040
.4377
. 3590
.0808
.2392
.1463
.1287
4. 6253
. 0825
2. 8490
. 1717
. 3013
.0707
.1245
.2843
7. 4625
. 15()2
. 1S25
.1765
6. 7943
.1002
10. 0490
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
125
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of^ July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate — Continued,
Claro, Flora
Claros, Dorotea
Claros, Tomas
Completo, Antonia
Conipleto, Crisanta
Completo, Lucia
Completo, Maria
Completo, Pantaleon..
Concepcidn, Maria
Constantino, Tom4s . . .
Corcueva, Natalio
Coronel, Domingo
Coronel, Emilia
Coronel, Gregporio
Cortuna, Dionisio
Cose, Gregorio
Cose, Juana
Cose, Simplicia
Cruz, Alberto de la
Cruz, Cornelio
Cruz, Crisanta F
Cruz, Isaac de la
Credo, Felipa
Creo, Gregorio
Crisdlogo, Manuela
Crisdlogo, Ambrosio...
Crisdlogo, Benito
Cuevas, Celedonio
Cuevas, Feliciana
Cuevas, German
Cuevas, Maximino
Cuevas, Perpetuo
Custodio, Olimpia
Custodio, Ruiino
Decena, Benito
Delfino, Dominador. . .
Delfino, Emilia
Delfino, Tomasa
Delmo, Agat6n
Delmo, Anatalia
Delmo, Filomeno
Delmo, Vicenta
Desengano, Pedro
Dfa, Ambrosio
I31a, Angel
Dla, Apolonio
DIa, Eustaquio
Dla, Maria
Dfa, Francisca
Dla, Rufmo
Dia, Silvestra
Diasanta, Martin
Diaz, Andres
Diaz, Lucio
Diaz, Macario
Diaz, Melecio
Diaz, Nicolas
Dicayanan, Guillermo.
Dichi, Apolonia
Dichi, Tom^s
Dicliososo, Cipriano
Dichososo, Felipa
Dichososo, Filomena...
Dichososo, Le6n
Dichososo, Sinforoso...
Dichososo, Isidro
Dictado, Camilo
Dictado, Dionicio ,
Dictado, Victorino
Dimaranan, Pedro
Diola, Micaola
Diolo, Valeriano
Distajo, Anacleto
Dizon, Agripino
Dizou, Angel
Dizon, Bernardo ....."!
Bizon, Fortunato
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
3. 7378
. 0792
.0878
.2102
.1753
.0835
.1767
10. 1933
4.8727
.0690
.3753
1.3095
. 0655
. 5985
.0608
11. 8745
. 1265
4. 0687
. 0735
.2300
3. 5600
.1790
.2125
.2180
19. 1153
. 1657
. 2930
. 4275
. 29t;0
. 1985
.2550
.1640
. 0850
13. 4618
.1742
21.2145
15. 4705
9. 8925
. 2263
.3135
.2102
.1943
. 1585
. 0597
.0680
10. 9610
.2210
. 1935
8. 7548
. 1967
2. 3845
. 0975
2. 5933
. 2570
.7842
. 2678
. 3872
. 1938
.2115
. 1887
. 0885
. 1 358
.0942
. 1410
.2398
. 0242
.1605
. 5455
12,6830
2. 1535
.1628
.1007
.1158
.1282
4. 9768
.0582
.0765
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate— Continued,
Dizon, Jacoba
Dizon, Jose
Dizon, Petronilo
Donato, Dominga
Duarte, Agripina
Duarte, Casirairo
Duartp, Doroteo
Duarte, Estanislao
Duarte, Francisco
Duarte, Gregoria
Duarte, Isidoro
Duarte, Pedro
Duarte, Zacarias
Encina, Emiliano
Encina, Felipe
Encina, Pascuala
Enema, Pedro
Encina, Policarpia
Encina, Policarpo
Encina, Roman
Encina, Simeona
Encina, Teresa
Endrinal, Gregorio
Endrinal, Mariano
Endrinal, Valentin V
Enriquez, Leon
Entena, Alejandra
Entena, Andres
Entena, Jose
Entena, Maria
Entena, Melecio
Entena, Narciso
Entena, Valeriano
Entrada, Emiliana
Entrada, Lucas
Entrada, Prudencio
Era, Estanislao
Erafia, Pedro
Ercita, Claudio
Ercita, Felix
Ercita, Laureana
Ercita, Pedro
Escosura, Aguedo
Escosura, Celestino
Escosura, Cornelio
Escosura, H ipolito
Escosura, Petra
Escultor, Santos
Ermlta,Pfo
E rmita, Teodosia
Esguerra, Pedro
Espejo, Francisco
E spinas, Buenaventura
Espinas, Fidel
Esplritu, Brigida
Espiritu, Santiago
Evangelista, Antonio
Evangelista, Juan
Factorisa, Angel
Factoriza, Cornelio
Fastidio, Andres
Fatiga, Agustina
Faustino, Justo
Faijo, Gregorio
Flores, Getrudes
Flores, Jacobo
Flores, Maria
Fortuno, Calixto
Francisco, Jacinto
Franco, Elena
Galicia, Cipriano
Galicia, Honorio
Galicia, Marcelino
Galicia, Teodora ,
Galicia, Toribio
Gana, Mariano
Gatita, I^orenzo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
126
ABMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE lANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July^ 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate— Continued
Garcia. Balbino
Garcia, Francisco
Garcia, Juan
Garcia, Maria
Garcia, Mariano
Garcia, Nicolas
Garcia, Petrona
Garcia, Rosendo
Genava, Isidore
Gepa, Tomils
Gestoso, Eugenio
Gestoso, Ger6nimo
Getape, Marcelo
Getape, Miguel
Gicana, Miguel
Gotatco, Maria
G6tica, In6s
Gdmez, Petrona
Gonzales, Antonio
Gonzales, Basilio
Gonzales, Ksteban
Gonzales, Francisco
Gonzales, Filoinena
Gonzales, Francisco
Gonzales, Manuel
Gonzales, Miguel
Guactie, Victoriano
Guarico, Hilario ,
Guerta, Prudencio ,
Guerta, Rufino
Guerta, Tomls
Gulay , Candido
Gulay, Eufemia
Gulay, Julian
Gulay, Mateo ,
Gulay, Marcelo ,
Gulay, Modesto ,
Gulay, Santiago ,
Gulay, Isidro
Gulay, Victoriano
Guzmdn, Camilo de
GuzmAn, Camilo de
Guzman, Crispulo de
Guzmdn, Eusebio de
Guzman, Eustaquio de
Guzmdn, Eustaquio de
GuzmAn, Gregorio de
Guzmdn, Gregorio de ,
Guzman, Luis de
Guzman, Maxim iano de
Guzmdn, Pascuala de ,
Gazman, Pedro de
Guzmdn, Ursula de
Guzmdn, Ursula de ,
Guzman, Vicente de
Hermita, Romdn
Hermosa, Susara
Hermosa, Cornelio ,
Hermosa, Daniel
Hermosa, Dolores
Hermosa, Filomeno
Hermosa, Jacinta
Hermosa, Victoria
Hernandez, Canute
Hernandez, Dionicia ,
Hernandez, Lorenzo
Hernandez, Sime6n ,
Hoy, Cecilia
Honco, Dorotea
Iloilo, Juana ,
Imbutin, Gregorio ,
Infante, Juan
Infante, Pablo ,
Jazmin, Arcadio de
Jeramias, Cipriano
Jesiis, Benito d^
Je^s, Juana de
Jimenez, Saturnine
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0.0770
.1298
.3652
. 1865
.5848
1. 9547
. 1248
.7592
.0905
. 1430
1. 2328
. 4380
. 1725
. 1605
.1105
. 0665
.1127
43. 4968
89. 6630
.7942
. 1253
47.3835
. 2060
. 8227
.0808
.1075
. 6637
.1478
. 1425
.0797
. 2273
. 1495
. 2917
.2335
. 4605
.4080
. 2685
. 1568
. 2255
.0697
.0938
.0880
.0402
17. 4688
7. 7697
. 2085
1. 5858
3. 0487
.0843
3. 3802
.0875
6. 6895
52. 3180
65. 5660
22. 8330
. 1415
.2770
.3253
.1072
. 2905
.0883
1. 4937
.0718
.7375
. 0590
6. 9587
.5810
. 2073
.0805
.2877
.1190
. 13t>0
.6605
.2940
2. 2090
. 0805
. 1023
6. 7330
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate—ContinuQd.
Jupiter, Francisco ,
Justo, Le(5n
Lacerna, Feliciana
Lacerna, Felipe
Lacerna, Lucia
Lacerna, Margarita
Lacerna, Romana
Lacerna, Romana
Lacida, Jos6
Lacida, Sim6n
Lanaca, Valentin ,
Landato, Servando
Laranga Lorenza
Lasa, Alejandro
Lasa, Felice
Lasa, Fernando
Lasa, Francisco
Lasa, Honoria
Lasa, Lucio
Lasa, Margarita
Lasa, Modesto
Lasaga, Albino
Lasaga, Domingo
Lasaga, Felix
Lasaga, Felisa
Lasaga, Felisa
Lasaga, Fernando
Lasaga, Gregoria
Lasaga, Gregorio
Lasaga, Isidoro
Lasaga, Matea
Lasaga, Matea
Lasaga, Pedro
Lasaga, Raymundo
Lasaga, Saturnino
Lasao, Martin
Lasao, Modesto
Lasao, Romualdo
Lasao, Teodora
Lascay , Alberto
Latorre, Alejo
Latorre, Feliciano
Latorre, Susana
Lauagan, Simplicio
Laudato, Estanislao
Laudato, Flaviano
Laudato, Praxedes
Laudato, Servando
Laurel, Ladislaoa
Laurel, Pio ,
Lavador, Benedicta ,
Layog, Deogracias
Layon, Catalina
Layon, Teodorico
Layoso, Bonifacio
Layoso, Eulogia
Layoso, Juan
Layugan, Maria
Lazarte, Agustin
Lazarte, Bonifacio
Lazarte, Espirididn
Lazarte, Patricio
Lazarte, Teodora
Lazo, Anselmo
League, Jos^ E
League, Tom4s
Lechuga, Francisco
Lechuga, Higino
Lechuga, Juan
Lechuga, Tranquilino
Le6n, Domingo de
Le6n, Matilde de
Le6n, Paulino de
Lera, Agustin
Leyco, Marcelo
Liangco, Marcelino
Liangco, Pablo
Libas, Miguel
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
127
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Santa Rosa gs^fe— Continued.
Licmuan, Celestino
Licmuan , Elias
Lijaoco, Angel
Lijaoco, Angel
Lijaoco, Antonio
Lijaoco, Caniila
Lijaoco, Emilia
Lijaoco, Ireneo
Lijaoco, Perfecta
Lijaoco, Petrona
Lijaoco, Teodora.
Limcaoco, Nicolas
Linda, Eugenia
Liza, Paulino de
Loyola, Matea de
Lopez, Eleuterio
Lopez, Francisco
Lopez, Mariano
Lucero, Antonia
Lucero, Gregorio
Lucero, Marta
Lucero, Rayraunda
Lucero, Segunda
Lugar, Isidra
Luria, Isaac de
Magante, Felipe
Magaya, Isabelo
Malabanan, Marcelina
Malapitan, Agustina
Malapitan, Carlos
Malapitan , Ivorenzo
Malapitan, Maria
Malapitan, Nemesio
Malapitan, Roque
Malapitan, Tomas
Maldonado, Basilia
Maldonado, D4maso
Maldonado, Donato
Maldonado, Mariano
Maldonado, Mateo
Maldonado, Mateo
Maldonado, Narciso
Maldonado, Sofia
Maldonado, Sofia
Maldonado, Valentin
Manacea, Teodorico
Manalo, Martin
Manalo, Fausto
Manay, Fausta
Mand'ala, Damiana
Mandala, Marcos
Man6, Antonio
Man6, Domingo
Man6, Miguela
Man6, Simplicio
Mangahes, Agripino
Mangahis, Calixta
Mangahis, Gerardo
Mafigahis, Leonarda
Mangahis, Manuel
Mangahis, Marta
Mangahis, Santiago
Mangueron, Julia.
Mangueron, Teodoro
Manguerra, Daniel
Manguerra, Dominga
Manguerra, Feliciano
Manguerra, Gregorio
Manguerra, Maria
Manguerra, Melit6n
Manguerra, Mercedes
Manguerra, Pablo
Manguerra, Pascual A
Manguerra y Capuchino, Ru-
fino
Manguerra, Rufino
Manguerra, Santiago
Area (in
acres).
0. 1083
.3182
.1060
3. 5928
56. 3705
. 2112
90. 4698
.0522
39. 4588
.1065
60. 7777
48. 6878
.0467
.1930
.1595
.0225
6. 0873
14. 0562
.2060
. 1048
.2000
.1702
11. 6235
.2255
.0825
.1873
.0915
.1180
.1135
.0075
8. 3410
.0925
. 0862
. 0393
8. 3922
6. 4450
.2775
.0748
.0910
. 3512
. 0705
. 2610
4. 8275
11.0178
.6090
. 3125
.2890
. 2355
. 1342
.1795
. 1978
. 1660
. 2005
. 1555
. 1497
. 3760
. 0(i25
. 0413
28. 9330
.0445
. 0697
.0720
. 1203
. 1095
. 2135
. 0492
5. 0265
. 0825
65. 3685
. 0898
6. 2785
9. 2445
.0972
6.7080
.1510
.0843
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate — Continued,
Manguerra, Teodosia
Manguerra, Valentin
Manila R. R, Co
Maquibolan, Luciano
MaquiHng, B14s
Marquez, Nicacia
Masante, Francisco
Mata, Pablo de
Mataro, Jos6
Mataro, Ciriaco
Matias, Felipe
Martinez, Eleuterio
Martinez, Gregoria
Medina, Pedro
Medina, Ignacio
Mesa, Dolores de
Mesa, Dominga de
Mesa, Eugenio de
Mesa, Eustaqula de
Mesa, Florentino de
Mesa, Julio de
Mesa, Ledn de
Miller, Z.K ;..'.';
Minardo, Leoncia
Minguez, Felix de
Miquigqulne, Florentina
Miranda, Bernabela
Miranda, Bernabela
Miyano, Canuto [.
Mojica, Natalia
Moldes, Anastasio
Monteverde, Bonifacio de
Morales, Aleja
Morales, Leonclo
Morales, Lucia
Morales, Inds
Munciao, Francisca
Munciao, Isidro ] .
Munciao, Tedflla
Mundo, Nicasla del
Nasaan, Timoteo
Nativldad, Roque
Naval, Juan
Navea, Brlgida
Navea, Concepcibn
Navea, Mariano
Navea, Miguel
Navea, Santiago
Navea, Santiago and J. E.
League
Nepomuceno, Luciano
Napomuceno, Plo
Nepomuceno, Tomasa
Nevalga, FeJipe
Ocampo, Edllberto
Ocampo, Francisco
Ocampo, G
Ocampo, Marco Y. de
Ocampo, Ram6n
Ochoa, Leonclo
Olaria, Vicente
Oripol, Alfonso
Oripol, Pio
Ortega, Cornelia
Pabanel, Marta ;
Pabilla, Valentin
Pablo, Andres
Paco, Basilio
Paco, Eugenio
Padua, Catalina
Padua, Claro
Pafiganiban, Dalmacio
Papag, Agueda
Papag, Dionicio
Papag, Florencia
Papag, Marcos
Papag, Nicasio
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 0820
.0870
43. 2857
.2165
.1410
.1010
.2485
.1590
.1055
.2433
.2137
.0978
. 1695
.0180
.1000
9. 9955
2. 2430
12.6797
11.4205
6. 2420
.0853
.1857
160. 4968
.1320
.0810
.0317
6.2640
1. 3935
.1105
.1135
16. 0078
.0825
. 6372
.1373
.0407
.0460
9. 4298
39. 8065
24. 7935
.1492
. 0833
.0920
.0652
.2433
6. 9702
.1935
4. 3213
.0817
3. 3530
4. 6890
.1275
72. 5690
6. 0780
8. 0975
9.1385
22. 0925
9. 5613
7. 9697
.4450
.1158
.3950
.4752
.0050
8. 6320
.2543
.0790
7.9007
.0600
.4198
.1462
.0593
.1285
.0430
.1190
128
ADMINISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased
Area (in
acres).
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
Santa Rosa estate—Contmued
Papag, Pablo
Papag, Vicente
Papagayo, Knlogia
Papagayo, Francisco
Papagayo, Juana
Papagayo, Lucena
Papagayo, Segundo
Papagayo, Valeriano.
Parasa, Dionisio
Parasa, Francisca.
Parasa, Valentin
Partera, Isidro
Pasco, Alberto
Pastilero, Mateo
Patag, Joaquin
Patapat, Basilio
Patiam, Bernardino
Patiam, Eugenio
Perez, Martin
Perez, Pedro
Perez, Petra
Pedalgon, Faustina
Periodico, Maria
Perlas, Mariano
Perlas, Mariano, and Angeles,
Teodora
Perlas, Pablo
Perlas, Pedro Teafio
Perlas, Ricardo
Pulido, Olaudio
Pulido, Saturnino
Pulido, Sotero
Quintos, P]pifania
Quintos, Julian
Quintos, Ignaeio
Quiiaones, Pedro
Rafael, Apolino
Ramirez, Saturnino
Ramos, Candida
Ramos, Cipriano
Ramos, Clara
Ramos, Eugenio
Ramos, Francisco
Ramos, Marcelino
Ramos, Pedro
Ramos, Pedro, Jr
Ramos, Siraplicio
Recona, Juan
Recona, Roman
Requina, T^enigno
Requina, Cornelio
Reyes, B albino de los
Reyes, Benito de los
Reyes, Deogracias de los
Reyes, Domingo de los
Reyes, Eladio de los
Reyes, Flaviano
Reyes, Gregorio Babasanta. . .
Reyes, Gregorio de los
Reyes, II. de los
Reyes, Joaquina de los
Reyes, Ivueio de los
Reyes, Maria
Reyes, Martina de los
Reyes, Pascual
Reyes, Policarpio de los
Reyes, Rosa de los
Reyes, Timoteo de los
Reyes, Victorina de los
Rianzares, Ana B
Rico, Bl&s
Rico, Candido
Rico, Catalino
Rico, Jos6
Rico, Manuela
Rico, Francisca
Rivera, Gavina
0.150O
.0572
. 4858
. 0G92
5. 1540
.2740
14.7060
1. 0628
. 2677
.2008
.0935
.1170
.2410
. 2497
5. 0095
.2178
.3180
.1470
.3120
. 1862
.7050
.1065
.1823
17. 4382
16. 4850
164. 4250
832. 7798
19. 2855
18. 8980
.0917
. 1085
.0495
.7098
. 1235
.2872
.1098
.1572
.1975
.2170
.1308
.1425
. 1662
.0790
. 3788
.1247
.1713
. 3695
4. 5985
.1242
.2510
. 1593
7. 9022
.2640
6. 3773
3. 6230
1.4627
. 1643
.2270
.1070
.1597
. 1493
32. 4847
. 0633
.1397
.1390
8. 2045
.2488
86. 7992
14.2700
.0793
.0860
.0987
.0863
.1695
.1237
15.3538
Santa Rosa estate— Continued
Rivera, Manuela
Rivera, Nicolas
Rivera, Oligario
Rivera, Ignacia
Rizal, Jose
Ronquillo, Pantaleon
Roque, Maria
Rosenberg, Harry
Rumbon, Bernardino
Saban, Hospicio
Saban, Leonora
Saban, Pablo
Salamat, Dominga
Salamat, Tomasa
Salgado, Fausto
Saloiiga, Antonio
Salonga, Epifanio
Saloiiga, Eugenia
Salonga, Felisa
Salvador, Simedn
Santos, Donata delos
Santos, Francisco de los
Santos, Hermenegildo de los.
Santos, Santiago de los
Sarmiento, Estanislao
Sarmiento, Felipa
Satsatin, Estanislao
Satsatin, Raf aela
Satsatin, Victorio
Saual, Monico
Sauco, Miguel
Saul, Juan
Sayao, Pedro
Seles, Felix
Serrano, Basilia
Serrano, Julio
Servo, Agustina
Servo, Pedro
Silva, Adela
Simon, Meiecio
Sison, J^enito
Sison, I^midio
Talibsao, Juan
Tamayo, Florentino
Tanchico, Mariano
Tansiangco, Dolores
Tabingco, Francisco
Tapacan, Laureana
Tapangco, Cayetano
Tapay , Lucia
Tardeo y Catindig, Casimiro.
Tardeo, Casimiro Lasaga
Tatlonghari, Bonifacio
Tatlonghari, Bonifacio
Tatlonghari, Carlosa
Tatlonghari, Felix
Tatlonghari, Felix Barera. . .
Tatlonghari, Gervacio
Tatlonghari, Juan
Tatlonghari, Valeriano
Tatlongmaria, Cipriano
Tatlongmaria, Eustaquia
Tatlongmaria, Macaria
Tatlongmaria, Marta
Tatlongmaria, Vicente
Tayag, Epifanio
Tenorio, C'asimiro
Tenorio, Diega
Tenorio, Francisca
Tenorio, Francisco
Tenorio, Luciano
Tenorio, Vicente
Tenorio, Victoriano
Tibay, Calixto
Tibay,Tom4s
Teopisto, Apolonio
Tiongco, Ana
0. 1217
12. 6925
. 2160
24. 8588
7.3152
.1555
.1258
3, 489. 7022
.0450
.1635
.1738
.0755
. 0237
.0680
.0753
.1635
18. 4815
15. 2287
10. 4870
.1145
.1540
3.4790
.0445
.1028
.5200
.0767
.1610
.2548
.1395
.3650
.1047
7. 0968
10. 85(>5
.1155
. 1657
.1573
.2967
.0805
8. 8460
.6543
.0622
.0800
.2036
.1700
.2035
.1230
.1493
.2380
. 2355
.0730
.0905
.0985
.0262
6. 1785
.5145
.9115
.0245
.0607
.2070
. 0685
. 0432
.1703
. 1005
.3395
.1072
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
129
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Santa Rosa estate— Contmced.
Tiongco, Basilisa
Tiongco, Celerino
Tiongco, E
Tiongco, Felisberto
Tiongco, Franeisca
Tiongco, Francisco ,
Tiongco, Gregorio ,
Tiongco, 1 1 onorio
Tiongco, Lorenza
Tiongco, Lorenzo
Tiongco, de Zabalia Maria
Tiongco, M ariano
Tiongco, Mercedes
Tiongco, Romana
Torres, Serapia
Trinidad, Arcadio
Trinidad, Benita
Trinidad, Pedro
Ulbino, I lilaria
Urbina, Ilipolito
Valdes, Buenaventura
Valdos, Buenaventura
Valenzuela, Andres
Valenzuela, Casimiro
Vallejo, Delfln
Vallejo, Ponciano
Vasco, Ruflna
Vasila, Franeisca
Vejo, Marcos
Velandrez, Ilermanegildo
Velandrez, Lucio
Velandrez, Maria
Velarde, Antonia
Velasco, Dionicio
Velasco, Eleuterio
Velasco, Juan
Vergara, Bernabe
Vergara, Eusebia
Vergara, Justina
Vergara, Santiago
Vicunco, Sixto.
Villadiego, Cornelia
Villadiego, Tomas
Villanueva, Arcadio
Villanueva, Isidoro
Villanueva, Leonardo
Virtusio, Basilisa
Yambao, Damiana
Yambao, Emilio
Yambao, Teodora
Yambao, Gavino
Yaptinchay, Guido
Yaptinchay, Josefa
Yaptinchay, Maria ,
Yason, Agapito
Yason, Maria ,
Zamora, Anacleta
Zamora, Candida
Zamora, Eulogia
Zamora, Florencio ,
Zamora, Man'uela
Zaanora, Simona
Zavalla, Andres
Zavalla, Angel
Zavalla, Clara
Zavalla, Domingo
Zavalla, Esperanza
Zavalla, Felisa
Zavalla, Jacinta
Zavalla, Maria Tongco
Zavalla, Paula
Zavalla, Pedro
Zavalla, Ramdn
Zavalla, E osauro
Zavalla, Teodoro
1,174 purchasers; 1,992
sales; 10,370.047 acres.
Parcels
pur-
chased
Area (in
acres).
3
13. 8328
3
19. 8280
4
17. 8897
4
34. 8445
3
31. 5313
1
4. 6207
4
22. 7843
3
15. 4522
1
1. 2040
3
8. 5523
2
16. 3722
1
.1548
1
10. 1697
3
29. 2370
1
.2850
1
19. 6785
3
9. 3553
4
27. 9587
1
.3028
1
.0985
1
.4200
1
.7627
1
1. 7798
1
.5270
12
80. 0840
5
40. 0500
1
.0997
1
.5940
1
.3243
1
. 0617
1
.0528
1
.0625
1
. 0625
3
.6102
5
26. 8380
2
.2795
1
.1015
1
.1930
1
.1663
1
.1402
1
.1293
2
2. 6265
1
1. 1607
2
. 3355
1
.2113
1
. 1430
1
4. 9552
1
.4890
1
.0993
1
.0805
1
.0852
1
4. 9565
1
10. 4468
3
18. 2692
1
.3948
1
.1360
4
1. 5937
1
.1333
1
.1285
1
.0440
1
.1385
1
.1045
48
302. 7585
18
129. 9122
2
10. 6595
1
. 1090
4
31. 4773
3
27. 7517
3
33. 0925
2
13. 8335
3
28. 3385
3
16. 3658
3
19. 5462
3
22. 1385
2
16. 9375
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Tola estate.
Acuiia, Francisco
Acuila, Juan
Adona, Roman
Alarcon, Martin
Alberto, Mariano
Alberto, Pantaleona
Alpas de la Cruz, Tomas.
Alti veros, Miguel
Andr4s, Claudio San
Andres, Juan San ,
Andres, Saturnino San..
Angeles, Casimiro de los.
Angeles, Geronimo
Aquino, Teodora
Araneta, Apolinaria .
Arias, Florentino ,
Atanasio, Anacleto
Atanasio, Esleban
Atansio, Pedro
Austria, Fulgencio
Austria, Marcos ,
Austria, Mateo
Austria, Rufina
Avelino, Laureano
Bacao, Tomas
Bailon, Rom ana
Bartolome, Martin
Baldomero, Pedro
Bargas, Agapito
Bargaya, Antonio
Barcibal, Maximo
Bartolome, Fabian
Bautista, Calixto
Bautista, Mariano
Bautista, Nicolas
Bautista, Vincente
Bautista, Victor
Belza, Laureano
Belza, Jjaureano
Benedicto, Bernardo
Bernabe, Andres
Bernabe, Benito
Bernabe, Samuel
Bernabe, Marcelino
Bernardino, Atanasia...
Bernardino, Patricio
Bernardino, Rosa
Bernardino, Rufino
Bernardino, Silvastre. . .
Biglangaw^a, Roberto...
Blanco, Dionisio
Bollas, Januario ....
Berdador, Eustaquio . . .
Buenaventura, Macaria.
Buendia, Maria
Calderon, Jufm
Candido, Rufino
Cantillon , Maria
Carreon, Venancio
Castillo, Anastasio del. .
Cerdefia, Celestina
Cinco, Buenaventura T.
Clemente, Alejandra
Clemente, Felix
Clemente, Juan J
Clemente, Pedro
Cleofas, Teodoro
Constantino, Arcadio...
Contreras, Ignacio
Contreras^ Teodoro
Cruz, Alejandro de la...
Cruz, Alipio de la
Cruz, Atanasia de
Cruz, Basilio de la
Cruz, Bonifasia de la
Cruz, Cirilo M
Cruz, Crispulo de la
Area in
acres.
5. 4100
5. 4780
37. 8375
6. 8440
1.3153
. 7557
2. 8333
49. 3395
2. 4665
5. 3137
14.2370
3. 7915
25. 2568
13. 6517
24. 6050
35.5788
.2947
11. 8480
16. 9702
10. 7590
.1880
23.8200
.5703
2. 4262
8. 5608
28. 6197
35.9920
22. 0103
. 6686
5.5555
9. 4225
14. 3137
15. 4788
4. 2105
7. 9550
6. 7702
17.3880
6. 1040
9. 3813
9. 8602
17.3410
1. 1423
2. 6482
6.5345
9. 7630
7. 4335
4. 4715
2. 6198
5. 2947
18. 4008
6. 8323
11.6015
11. 7258
1.0595
1,531.2562
. 4945
17.3753
2. 7255
25. 3730
5. 3565
24. 7007
CO. 9633
6.3015
32. 3247
22. 5348
3. 7837
.8933
108. 6992
10. 5235
12.7163
14. 5945
. 9655
.3107
43. 6283
15. 1802
.3355
6.8575
130
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the Slst day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Tola estate— Coniimied,
Cruz, Domingo de la
Cruz, Dantes Domingo de la..
Cruz, Eduardo de la
Cruz, Esperanza
Cruz, Felix de la
Cruz, Flavian o de la
Cruz, Gabriel de la
Cruz, Graeiano de la
Cruz, Gregorio de la
Cruz, Guillerrao de la
Cruz, Inocencio de la
Cruz, Jos6 de la
Cruz, Julian de la
Cruz, Juliano de la
Cruz, Laureano de la
Cruz, Leonardo de la
Cruz, Lorenzo de la
Cruz, Marcos de la
Cruz, Mariano de la
Cruz, Martin de la
Cruz y Geronimo, Martin de la
Cruz, Mateo de la
Cruz, Maximo de la
Cruz, Nicolas C
Cruz, Pedro de la
Cruz, Pelagio M
Cruz, Remigio de la
Cruz, Cerapio de la
Cruz, Simon de la
Cruz, Sinloroso de la
Cruz, Tomasa de la
Cruz, Vicente de la
Cruz, Inocencio de la
Crisostomo, Mariano
Cuadra, Lorenzo
Cuadra, Miguela
Cuerpo, Patricio
Dael, Franeisea
Daez, Adriano
Daez, Dlonisio
Daez, Juan
Daez, Mariano
Deaz, Pioquinta
Dalag, Calizto
Dantes, Marciano
Dapillosa, Simeon
Darilag, Vicente
Deato, Arcadio
Deato, Francisco
Deato, Gabriel
Deato, Pascual
Decena, Jose
Decena, Pascual
Delica, Juana
Delosmo, Juana
Devera, Severino
Devera, Vicente
Diaz, A driano
Diaz, Julian
Diegro, Emiliano San
Diego, Juan San
Diego, Laureano San
Diego, Luciano San
Diego, Mariano San
Diego, Severo San
Dila, 13aldomero
Diman, Aguida
Diman, Cornelia
Dlvino, Rufino
Dolorito, Francisco
Domingo, Ambrosio
Domingo, A velino
Domingo, Escolastlco
Domingo, Juana
Domingo, Mariano
Domingo, Pedro
Domingo, Petronilo
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
4
11. 3073
1
14. 6575
1
24. 6772
1
.3415
1
. 8660
1
.9388
1
2. 4102
3
7. 5968
1
.5390
2
2. 2852
5
41. 8593
1
. 3627
1
11.0415
2
5. 2168
1
2. 9295
1
. 3190
1
2. 1137
1
. 5618
7
24. 4465
4
22. 3842
1
16. 1953
1
.1782
1
. 6668
41
1,956.8980
12
64. 8042
4
24. 7108
1
. 7267
1
7. m\r)
3
23. 4403
5
9. 4732
1
. 3875
0
6. 4308
1
2. 6730
14
619. 2793
I
2. 79(57
1
14. 2198
4
36. 7840
3
15. 6540
3
42. 3837
2
6.5548
3
5. 2062
1
19. 0828
1
2.7195
1
3. 6615
1
12. 5967
2
13.4110
1
13. 8108
1
35. 1325
2
25. 8850
3
32. 1332
(3
61. 4600
1
8. 5845
1
5. 8973
1
. 1392
1
6. 7608
6
43. 0827
3
20. 1310
4
103. 9083
1
. 1762
2
3. 9793
1
8. 2757
1
17. 0695
1
. 3273
1
2. 3932
1
2. 8400
2
9.2345
1
12. 4050
1
4. 1345
1
9. 1228
4
38. a560
4
7.5885
6
11. 4412
2
15. 1638
1
.3935
1
12. 6635
2
2.2598
5
40.6772
Name of purchaser.
Tola csia^g— Continued.
Drueco, Jos4
Dmnapi, Cipriano
Dumapi, Ciriaco
Dumapi, Estanislao
Dumapi, Hermogina
Dumapi, Policarpo
Duque, Faustino
Duque, Juana
Duyag, Julian
Enrile, Domingo M
Epetia, Anacleto
Espiritu, Prudencio . . .
E vangelista, Cristeto
Evangelista, Eduviges
E vangelista, Santiago
Faustino, Apolinario
Faustino, Cornelio
Fierre, Basilio de la
Fierre, Marcelino de la
Francisco, Catalino
Francisco, Fulgencio
Francisco, Maximiano
Francisco, Meliton
Francisco, Pablo
Francisco, Patricio
Francisco, Tomas
Gabriel, Bonifacia
Gabriel, Eulogio San
Gabriel, Rosa San
Gabriel, Vicente San
Gacap, Eulalio
Galves, Maximo
Geronimo, Eulalio
Geronimo, Sabina
Geronimo, Sinforoso ^
Gonzales, Alberto
Gonzales, Francisco
G onzales, Francisco
Gonzales, Policarpo
Gonzales, Teodoro
Guasing, Enoc
Guia, Manuel de
Guzman, Andr^,s de
Guzman, Ciriaco de
Guzman, Geronimo de
Guzman, Hermogina de. . .
Guzman, Melecio de
Hernandez, Melecio
Ignacio, Lucio
Jestis, Augustin de
Jesiis, Alberto de
Jesus, Andres de
Jesiis, Basilia de.,
Jesus, Juan de
Jesus, Maria de
Jesus, Mariano de
Jesus, Rosa de
Jose, Aquilina
Jos^, Barbara
Jose, Crispin©
Jos^, Florencia
Jose, Juan San
Jos6, Remigio
Juan, Andres
Juan, Candido
Juan, Epifanio
Juan, Eulalio
Juan, Francisco
Juan, Lorenzo
Juan, Macario
Laribo, Baleriano
Lazaro, Eusebia
Lazaro, Pedro
Leal, Sotero
Leon, Eusebio de
Leon, Hilario de
Lorenzo, Felipe
Parcels
pur-
chased.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
131
Complete list of purchasers of friar lands, to include the 31st day of July, 1910, showing
the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Continued.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased,
Tala estate— Continued.
Lucindo, Pablo
Luis, Braulio
Luis, Faustino
Luzada, Antonia
Luzada, Maria
Luzada, Martin
Luzada, Victoriano
Manalo, Santiago
Manalo, Vicente
Martin, Aniceto
Martin, Felix
Martin, Maria
Martin, Mariano
Matias, Bernardino
Matias, Fernando
Matias, Juan
Mauricio, Gregorio
Mauricio, Merced
Mendiola, Francisco
Merced, Francisco
Mendoza, Eugenio
Mendoza, Eugenio
Mendoza, Francisco
Mendoza, Martina
Mendoza, Maximo
Mendoza, Rufino
Mendoza, Simona
Mendoza, Victor
Miranda, Patricia
Mojica, Andres
Mojica, Ciriaco
Mojica, Gregorio
Mojica, Margarita
Mojica, Paulino
Molina, Petra.
Olaes, Dominga
Orbe, Pedro
Pablo, Florentino San
Pacheco, Juan
Pacheco, Teodoro
Pacheco, Valeriano
Pascual, Bonifacio
Pascual, Nicholas
Pascual, Vicente
Pilongo, Filomena
Ponciano, Leopoldo
Porciuncula, Trinidad
Punzalan, Sinforosa
Ramirez, Celestino
Ramirez, Doroteo
Ramirez, Gregorio
Ramirez, Jacinto . . :
Ramirez, Juan
Ramirez, Justino
Ramirez, Mauricio
Ramirez, Paulina
Ramos, Felix
Ramos de la Cruz, Gregorio
Resurreccion, Arcadio
Reyes, Fortunato
Reyes, Jos^ de los
Reyes, Modesto de los
Reyes, Roberto
Rivera, Eulalio
Rivera, E varista
Rivera, Flavian©
Rivera, Irineo
Rivera, Juan
Rivera, Mariano
Area (in
acres).
6
10. 3925
.9863
.5665
7.2195
17. 8880
10. 4667
3
25. 3835
6
48.1585
2
6. 6020
2
23. 8758
2
11.6857
1
2. 0798
2
8. 8822
1
.2018
2
15. 3997
5
8.5305
3
9. 0455
1
14. 2470
1
.8303
3
18. 9067
1
18. 9238
6
56. 7082
4
25. 1408
1
.1080
3
16. 4760
2
2. 7157
1
. 1433
6
40. 7412
1
5. 0833
1
18. 1607
1
13. 6868
1
1. 3305
1
.1372
1
2.5815
2
8. 2175
1
.2900
1
4. 7328
2
15. 5877
2
22. 5235
1
2. 5090
1
7. 9200
1
1.2320
1
10. 7635
]
1 . 0893
3
26.8115
3
73. 3905
1
10. 8625
1
19. 9632
1
14. 4100
2
10. 0528
1
8. 3772
1
. 9935
1
4. 2365
1
.4243
1
.4862
1
6. 0100
1
5. 5620
12
749. 8863
13
569.1705
1
.3205
1
.1635
1
.8927
1
1.4508
3
7. 6035
1
5.9207
5
27. 6330
1
9. 3405
1
4. 3960
1
4. 2498
Name of purchaser.
Tala estate — Continued.
Rivera, Maximino
Rivera, Severino
Roberto, Francisca
Roque, Agustin San
Roque, Pelagia
Roque, Sinfofoso
Rueda, Domingo de
Salazar, Feliciano
Salome, Raymunda
Salvador, Clemencia
Salvador, Francisca
Salvador, Romana
Samonte, Prudencio
Sanchez, Emilio
Santiago, Damaso
Santiago, Faustino
Santiago, Mariano
Santiago Nemecio Delfin
Santiago, Roque
Santiago, Saturnino
Santiago, Tomas
Santillan, Gregorio
Santos, Ambrocio
Santos, Barbara de los ,
Santos, Basilio de los
Santos, Bernardino de los
Santos, Cualberto
Santos, Maria de los
Santos, Maria de los
Santos, Pablo de los
Serrano, Anastacio
Serrano, Bernabe
Serrano, Julian
Serrano, Marcelo
Serrano, Narciso
Serrano, Restituto
Simon, Evaristo
Soriano, Agapito
Soriano, Canuto
Soriano, Juliana
Susano, Roberto
Susano, Tomas A
Susano, Victoriana
Tanbufiong, Catalina
Tolentino, Andres
Tolentino, Eusebio
Tolentino, Inocencio
Trinidad, Angel
Trinidad, Benito
Trinidad, Jacoba
Trinidad, Sil vino
Valenzuela, Ancelmo
Valenzuela, Avelino
Valenzuela, Cris{)iniano A. . .
Valenzuela, Emilio
Valenzuela, Felisa J)
Valenzuela, Francisco D
Valenzuela, Pio
Valenzuela, Rufino D
Viilanueva, Benedicto
Wenceslao, Julian
Zacarias, Claro
Zuiiiga, Catalina
Zufiiga, Gertrudes
Z-.miga, Placido
Zufiiga, Raymundo
Zuniga, Roberto
367 purchasers; 838 sales;
12,050.7366 acres.
Area (in
acres).
9.9632
15. 6323
1.7242
9. 7485
.3250
2. 7823
6.4340
6. 2437
7. 7593
■ . 7505
.2932
.6163
17. 7877
. 5218
.1882
.9360
9. 3300
20. 0753
1.5060
2. 7365
7.0807
749.9750
22. 8475
5. 2903
8. 7095
33.8962
12. 8878
22. 7607
19. 6535
7. 0578
. 9430
16. 7132
41. 9535
5. 1378
4. 3980
. 6772
9. 4315
7. 7040
14. 6358
21. 6117
10. 1730
.4305
5. 8930
37. 8250
2. 3643
5. 2515
10. ()807
8. 6823
10. 6195
5. 0917
3. 6735
44. 3925
8. 7788
27. 8360
20. 7927
8. 5158
33. 8(i35
3. 3675
39. 4790
3. 7842
83. 8375
3. 2988
21. 0225
25. 9492
15. 5718
22. 8402
17. 0098
132
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
An additional list of purchases of friar lands, to cover the inclusive dates August 1 to
September 30, 1910, showing the estates upon which the land is situated, the names of
the various purchasers, the number of parcels purchased by each, together with the areas
of the lands purchased, shown in acres or fractions thereof
Name of purchaser.
Banilad estate {August).
Avila, Leoncio
Causing, Eulalio E
Causing, Eulalio E
Famador, Pantaleon
Gomez, Jos6
Municipality of Cebu
Urgello, Vicente
7 purchasers; 21 sales;
12.0370 acres.
Binan {August).
Almalvis, Alfonsa
Alniaf ia, Gregorio
Alonte, Apolonia
Bayona, llosenda
Benjamin, Claro
Bergenia, Flaviano
Capunitan, Placido
Carola, Calixta
Castro, Rufma.
Cerdefia, Feliciana
Defante, Perfecto
Dicot, Ciriaco
Lacampuefiga, Cecilia
Miranda, Rufmo
Pabalan, Alejandro
Paradina, Mariano
Perez, Simplicia
Reyes, Leoncia
Sanchez, Dominga
Sanchez, Rocenda
Talavera, Leon
Zalazar, Juana
22 purchasers; 26 sales;
13.7935 acres.
Malinta (September).
Alberto, Macarlo
Constantino, Arcadio
2 purchasers; 2 sales;
9.1845 acres.
Muntinlupa (August).
Arciaga, Engracio
Arciaga, Tom as
Elias, Marcolino
Vasquez, Mateo
4 purchasers; 9 sales;
7.2952 acres.
Naic (August).
Aatangan, Gregorio
Alejo, Braulio
Aquino, Romana
Caiantog, Gregorio
Garcia, Marcela
Gonzaga, Basilio
Gonzales, Eufemia
Hog, Catalina
Jocson, Cecilia
Jocson, Dominga
Jocson, Emilio
Jocson, Gregorio
Jocson, Nicolas
Jocson, Simeon
Joven, Jovita
Medina, Gregorio
Malanao, Rufina
Nazareno, Isidora
Clave, Esperanza
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
0. 1405
.2752
.5445
. 0483
7. 2832
3. 6295
.1158
.0990
. 0212
. 23(;0
.1730
.0370
. 2055
. 1-^05
. 7080
. 2513
. 4350
. 4632
.2553
.2190
3. 5667
.1638
. 0665
3.3117
.0815
1. 6965
. 1268
1. 5170
.0190
6. 0725
3. 1120
. 3672
I. 7908
. 3700
4. 7672
. 5237
18. 0668
20. 9875
6. 1200
22. 7707
.9185
6. 5718
. 0445
2. 3737
13. 6140
13. 8913
3. 1840
2. 6907
13. 4838
16. 4267
.2170
.0130
6.0710
.1090
Name of purchaser.
Naic (August) — Continued.
Oleson & Williamson
Osario, Leonardo
Pabitan, Paula
Pilpil, Hilario
Resos, Francisco
Ricaf rente, Anastacio
Rodriguez, Maria
Rodriguez, Ysidora
Tanega, Antero
Trinidad, Toriba
Valenzuela, Severino
Yavienco, Emiterio
31 purchasers; 67 sales;
162.5122 acres.
Naic (September).
Akit, Juliana
Caparas, Agustina
Caparas, Cipriano
Diosomito, Vicente
Gonzales, Carmen J
Lomada, Daniel
Ramirez, Felix
Reyes y Viray , Ramon
Sapopo, Pedro
Tolentino, Jos6
Velasco, Valentin
Villaluz, Gregorio
12 purchasers; 15 sales:
172.8557 acres.
Fiedad (August).
Acufia, Felipe
Acuiia, Maria
Adiao, Felipe
Agabao, Gregorio
Agalabia, Eulalio
Agalabia, Lucas
Agbada, Daniel
Agbada, Ricardo
Aguilar, Ignacio
Aguilar, I'erfecto
Alcantara, Flav iano
Alejandro, Eugenio
Apo, Emilio
Apo, Felix
Apo, Francisco
Apo, Nicodemus
Apo, Nicolas
Apo, Roman
Apuad, Mariana
Aguial, Antonio
Aquino, Agatou
Aquino, Mariano
Aquino, Melchora
Asuncion, Candido
A velino, Santiago
Avendano, Leonardo
Babina, liOrenzo
Babina, Vicente
Bagatua, Romualdo
Baguindito, Ladisiao
Bailon, Romana
Bainto, Valentin
Barcelona, Francisco
Barcelona, Gabina
Bartomome, Antonino
Bartolome, Antonio
Bartolome, Josefa ,
Bartolome, Manuel ,
Bartolome, Rufma ,
Bautista, Tito ,
Parcels
pur-
chased.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
133
An additional list of purchases of friar lands, to cover the inclusive dates August 1 to
September SO, 1910, showing the estates upon ivhich the land is situated, etc —Cont'd.
Name of purchaser.
Piedad {August)~ContinuQd.
Bernardino, Andres
Bernardino, Bias (1)
Bernardino, Bias (2)
Bernardino, Casmjra
Bernardino, Enstaquio
Bernardino, Horinogenes
Biglang-ana, Julian
Buenaventura, J orge
Buenaventura, Mariano
Bustamente, Tomasa
Cadeng, Martin
Caguindagan, Alejandro
Caguindagan, Anacleto
Caguindagan, I'edro
Cainga, Doroteo
Capistrano, Jnan
Capistrano, Oliva
Carlos, P'austo
Carreon, I^eon
Carreon, I^edro
Carreon, Teodoro
Carreon, Venaneio
Castro, Felix
Cipriano, A lejandro
Clemena, Nemecio
Cleofas, A gapito
Cleofas, Apalinario
Cleofas, Estanislao (1)
Cleofas, Estanislao (2)
Cleofas, Faustino
Cleofas, German
Cleofas, Graciano
Cleofas, Inocencio
Cleofas, Leon
Cleofas, Mamerta
Cleofas, Maria
Cleofas, Pedro
Cleofas, Santiago
Cleofas, Victoriana
Constantino, luilogio
Constantino, Fortunate
Constantino, Laureano
Constantino, Narciso
Constantino, Tiburcio
Crisostomo, Mariano
Crucidad, Clara de la
Cruz, Alfonsa de la
Cruz, Antonio de la
Cruz, Bcnita de la
Cruz, Graulia de la
Cruz, Cornelio do la (1)
Cruz, Cornc'lio de la (2)
Cruz, Bantes, Eduardode...
Cruz, lOliceo de la
Cruz, l^steban de la
Cruz, Eucolia do la
Cruz, Jose de la
Cruz, Juliana do la (1)
Cruz, Juliana de la (2)
Cruz, Eazaro de la
Cruz, Maeario do la
Cruz, Sal )ina de la
Cruz, Simplicio de la
Cruz, Vict oria de la
Cuadra, Opolonio
Cuadra, Canuto
Cuadra, Gcnoria
Dagala, Bernardo
Bagon, Scgundo
Dancel, Sil vestre
Darupa, G regorio
Dayego, Gregorio
Dayego, Pedro
piego, Benedicto San
Biego, Lucio San
Diego, Severo San
Bizon, Maxima
Brucco, l^scolastico
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
11.6478
25. 21f.2
24. 7793
.2802
11.3528
8. 6177
12. 8750
1. 3505
. 3173
2. 1770
12. 3407
. 3383
.4012
. 4598
2. 8430
9. 2990
1.5645
77. 2352
16. 9350
18. 8013
61. 9285
10. 8372
1. 5795
10. 6763
127. 5310
3. 7795
7. 5375
.8312
3. 2690
53. 8160
1. 2838
5. 7590
.1705
11. 8687
12. 5415
1.2498
4. 1397
1. 4465
.2168
7. 3272
10. 5890
5. 0638
4. 9292
5. 4575
421. 0355
9. 6228
4. 7785
1. 8415
12. 6087
. 2545
12. 4255
11. 9395
31. 6120
. 3578
3. 7430
. 9555
9. 0497
. 6620
6. 4570
1. 0098
4. 7937
1. 6878
3. 8480
29. 3777
.5110
6. 5930
15. 5808
62. 53-^^7
5. 4810
. 4068
6.2115
14. 8457
8. 1928
37.7170
6. 8597
10. 3870
4. 9383
8. 4020
Name of purchaser.
Piedad iAugust)~Contimied.
Bumapi, Ambrosio
Bumapi, Francisco
Buyag, Felipe
Espiritu, Valentin
Eugenio, Brigido
E ugenio, 10 lias
E ugenio, Moises
E vangolista, Ucrmogenes. . .
Felix, Nazario
Fernando, Agustin
Figueroa, Antonio
Francia, Cipriano
Francisco, Bartola
Francisco, Basilio (1)
Francisco, Basilio (2)
Francisco, Catalina
Francisco, BamasoCercado..
Francisco, Gregorio
Francisco, Mamerto
Francisco, Pedro
Francisco, Segundo
Galgana, Sotero
Galicia, Tomasa
Galvez, Maeario
Galvez, Roberto
Garcia, l^ucio
Gonzales, Esteban
Gonzales, llipolita
Gonzales, Lorenza
Gonzales, Teodora
Gonzales, Tomas
Guia, Manuel de
Guzman, Ignacio de
Hanule, Benjamin
Ilanule, Luis Pedro
Hanule^ Magdalen 0 P
Hapitinga, Cornelio
Hermeiiegildo, Bomingo
Iler.'Tienegildo, Florentina. . .
Hermenegildo, Jacinto
Ilerrera, Enstaquio
Iterrera, J>eon
Ilerrera, Natalio
Ilerrera, Pascual
Il)afiez, Francisco
Ibafiez, Jose
Ignacio, Adriana
Ignacio, Lucio
Ignacio y Maglupay Pedro...
Infante, Julian
Javier, Ignacio
Jesus, Ceforina de
Jos6, Hugo San
Jos6, Pablo San
Josef, Cayetano
Lal)ingis"a, Petronilo
Labing-isa, Segundo
Labosdeo, Crisj)ina
Lal)osdeo, Estanislao
Laccedem, Agripino
Lanuza, Juliana
Lazaro, Ciriaco
Lazaro, Cornelio
Lazaro, Perfecto
Lazaro, Petronia
Leon , P^-liciano de
Leon, llilario de
Liuanag, Filoiiiena
Lopez, Francisco
Macabagdal, Bruna
Macal)agdal, Flaviana
Macabagdal, Gregorio
Macaliagdal, Icasiana
Macabagdal, Valentin
Magcauas, Saturnino
Maquimquim, Mariano
Marcelo, Antonio
Marcos, Bamiana.
Parcels
Area (in
chased.
acres).
1
0. 5482
1
L 1168
1
5. 2997
2
2. UOOO
1
13.1805
3
1<^. 6298
2
17. mm
3
25. 4567
1
6. 3835
2
10. 7375
2
11.7358
2
62. 5437
1
. 3470
1
1. 8633
1
6. 9912
5
48. 6863
1
18. 5870
5
38. 9945
3
20. 2242
1
1. 74(K)
1
. 3130
1
4. 4145
1
12. 8468
1
.1452
3
20. 6255
1
. 3332
3
10. 1980
1
.4820
1
.4202
1
2. 1140
1
14. 6583
2
37. 9317
2
13. 4123
1
5. 6787
1
1.0570
1
10. 0165
1
4. 3368
1
. 3040
1
. 2230
1
5, 6312
1
7. 3323
2
4. 7527
1
1.5935
1
1.43.30
1
. 8495
1
.3120
2
11.5235
1
.4100
1
7. 9058
1
.4447
2
19. 3333
1
8. 4835
1
3 3165
1
1.1120
1
4. 9170
1
. 7882
2
5. 5833
1
. 4652
1
. 7450
2
16. 0283
1
M. 6,395
3
31. 1257
2
2.5190
1
16. 2670
2
52 0535
4
27.1620
1
4 5213
1
5. 5862
3
12 4708
1
27. 4022
1
14.6.'^80
4
27. 4060
1
2.1548
1
6 9642
1
5 3023
1
6 3227
1
.8018
3
24. 6167
134
ADMIKISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
An additional list of purchases of friar lands, to cover the inclusive dates August 1 to
September SO, 1910, showing the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Cont'd.
Name of purchaser.
Piedad (Augusty—ConUnued.
Mariano, Estaiiislao
Matos, Bartoloi ue
Matos, Catalino
Matos, Enrique
Matos, Juan
Maxi i no , A niceto
Mendiola, CJaro
Mendiola, Crispina
Mendiola, Quintin
Mendiola, Si iieon
Mendoza, Rufmo
Miguel, Damiana San
Miguel, Marcos Sau
Miranaa, Gregorio
Mundo, A Ifonsa del
Mud do, Domingo del
Mundo, Felipe del
Mundo, Francisco del
Mundo, Leonarda del
Mundo, Manuel del
Mundo, Mariano del
Mundo, Pablo del
Nicolas, Jacinta
Nicolas, Toniasa
Ocampo, Pablo de
Pabaya, Mariano
Pabre, Escolastico
Pacala, Placido
Padran, Perfecto
Pagdatuan, Manuel
Pangyarihan, Maximo
Paz. Simeona de la
Policarpio, Maria
Protacio, Neraesio
Quedial. Cosme
Rail, Benito
Ramirez, Augustina
Ramirez, Damiana
Ramirez, Mauricio
Ramirez, Simeon
Ramos, Agatona
Ramos, Balbino
Ramos, Basiiio (1)
Ramos, Basiiio (2)
Ramos, Casimiro
Ramos, Engraeio.
Ramos, Epifania
Ramos, E ugenio
Ramos, Gregoria
Ramos, Julio
Ramos, Maria
Ramos, Mariano
Ramos, R egino
Ramos, Roberto
Ramos, Romualdo
Ramos, Saturnina
Ramos, Victoriano
Ramay, Jos6
Ramay, Pio
Reyes, Josd de los
Reyes, Maria de los
Rivera, Alejo
Rivera, Arcadio
Rivera, Bernardino
Rivera, Engraeio
Rivera, Esteban (1)
Rivera, Esteban (2)
Rivera, Eulalio. .
Rivera, Francisco
Rivera, Hermogenes
Rivera, Luisa
Rivera, Saturnine
Rivera, Silveria
Rivera, Silvlno
Rivera, Simeon
Rivera, Valentin
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
16. 2768
8. 7775
8. 1650
.2912
.3338
28. 8945
. 1442
6. 2075
5.0108
6.8715
7. 9665
10. 6682
6. 9605
.7733
6. 4420
7. 5512
7. 7323
9.1952
16. 9760
7. 6603
20. 4730
11.6182
. 6867
18. 5952
12. 8282
7. 2298
1.1517
3.8718
10. 5895
.7375
4. 8025
9. 7482
20. 9283
. 84()2
2. 6768
6.4120
25. 8260
23. 7345
38. 5245
14. 1137
3. &348
10. 4700
.2937
19. 7038
12. 4992
5. 8980
15. 2795
13. 1230
9. 1238
19. 6435
12. 6697
26. 0835
1.7023
8.5300
10. 5645
26. 3328
6. 8417
28. 4462
1. 1725
6.4953
.2557
10.8853
6. 9497
10. 7125
.2040
5. 9280
20. 5880
17.3170
.1730
8. 2225
19.5463
20. 0697
11.2315
3. 4323
14. 6852
2.5593
Name of purchaser.
Piedad (JLwgfUSi)— Continued
Romero, Domingo
lioque, Maximo
R oxas, Macario
Roxas, Jose
Samson, Vicente
Sanchez, Emilio
Santos, Ambrosio
Sarmiento, Abdon
Sanniento, Apolonia
Sarmiento, Carlos
Sarmiento, Daniel
Sanniento, Geronima
Sarmiento, Gregoria
Sarmiento, Hilario
Sarmiento, Isidora
Sarmiento, Laureano
Sarmiento, Pascual
Sarmiento, Pedro
Sarmiento, Teodora
Sarmiento, Vicenta
Sevilla, Agustina
Sevilla, Alejandra
Sevilla, Hermogena de
Sevilla, Macario
Soriano, Agapito
Susano, Tomas A
Tolentino, Crispin©
Tolent no, Sebastian
Tongco, Juan
Trinidad, Jacoba
Velilla, Emiteria
Victorio, Romah
304 purchasers; 475 sales;
4,076.8480 acres.
Piedad (September).
Adisas, Macario
Apo, Thomas
Cadaeng, Quintin
Caguindangan, Anacleto. . . .
Calderon, Silvino
Candido. Raymundo
Cayfia, Anastasio
Caina, Domingo
Cleofas, Julian
Cruz, Carlos de la
Cruz, Leon de la
Cruz, Saturnino de la
Cruz, Toribia de la.
Cruz, Venancio de la
Dagala, Bernardo
Evangelista, R egino
Fernando, Braulio
Fernado, Gerardo
Francisco, Angeles
Francisco, Canuta
Gabriel, Isaac
Gabriel, Paulino San
Gajuda, Catalina
Lacon, Fernando
Macabalo, Eustaqulo
Macabagdal, Juan (guardian-
ship)
Macabagdal, Juan
Mercado, Ramon
Punsalan, Slnforosa
Ramos, Benito
Ramos, Mariano *
Ramoy, Mata
Rivera, Feliciano
Rivera, Procesa
Santos, Esteban de los ,
Santos, Flaviana de los
Santos, Pedro de los
Sarmiento, Eulogio
piu--
chased.
1
62. 5907
1
1.4210
1
6. 2143
1
14.3685
1
12. 0580
2
65. 5203
2
12. 5100
1
12. 2450
1
4. 6793
1
4. 3025
1
8. 2447
1
3. 3228
1
4. 6460
1
9.0977
1
2.3223
1
28.0575
1
7. 7962
1
10. 7743
4
53. 7640
2
16. 5567
2
13. 4603
2
5. 7002
1
8.7935
2
5. 1665
1
.6448
8
46. 2522
1
5. 6223
1
2. 7252
1
9.6465
2
14. 0260
1
14. 0705
2
117.0028
Area (in
acres).
6. 3530
4. 4557
7. 2090
.0765
26. 2933
9.8947
12.4695
12. 3603
8. 5162
15. 2220
3.7345
10.9573
2. 4267
4. 4678
61. 2727
6. 7588
2. 8705
8. 1325
6. 5880
4. 9900
2.] 807
10. 07,58
28. 0415
7. 8770
4. 0902
7. 1268
12. 4602
3. 9230
80. 8813
5. ()970
8. 2400
2.8905
4. 7490
8. 5920
20. 0367
1. 4420
1.5770
21. 4843
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
135
An additional list of purchases of friar lands, to cover the inclusive dates August 1 to
September 30, 1910, showing the estates upon which the land is situated, etc. — Cont'd.
Name of purchaser.
Parcels
pur-
chased.
Area (in
acres).
Name of purchaser.
'mi?-'' Area (in
cl?ased.| ^c^^^)-
Piedad (September)— Con.
Sevilla, Mariano
2
1
5. 2665
2. 4735
.0365
.0613
26.8995
4. 6077
2. 3823
.1910
.2007
.0190
19. 0003
.0760
7.5410
.1665
.3327
.0875
10. 3310
.0245
.2490
.6600
15. 9300
S. F. de matabon (Sept.)— Con.
Rosario, Maria del
1
2
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
0 2350
Tolentino, Sebastian
Sarsarin, Francisco
11. 4753
40 purchasers; 55 sales;
Sarsarin, Leoncla
3. 5932
454.1540 acres.
Torres, Francisco
17. 7210
Saguilayan, Agaton. .
6. 2145
8. F. de Malabon {September).
Velazco, Cat all no
9. 4748
Virata, Anselmo
9. 3580
Abeledo, Juan
26 purchasers; 30 sales;
146.8683 acres.
Tala (August).
Biglangaua, Lucio
Aquino, Dolores
Arnaldo, Catalina ....
Blancia, Lucas
Bumataya, Catalina..
Camaniag, Francisca
.2480
Castro, Baldomera
Carpenter, F, W
58. 6163
Cuello, Ambrosio
Valenzuela, Pio
7.6805
Guzman, Nicolas de
3 purchasers; 13 sales;
66.5448 acres.
Tala (September).
Deato, Gabriel
Legaspi, Isabelo .
Madlangbayan, Justo
Morabe, Cosme
Municipality of S. F. de
Malabon
6. 3612
Ocampo, Antonio ....
Deato, Pascual
16. 3008
Palma, Honorata
Pascual, Nicolas
4.4045
Pareja, Leodegario .
Salvador, Francisca ....
.4217
Rea, Gregoria de la
4 purchasers; 4 sales;
27.4882 acres.
Rea, Juan de la
Rosario, Hilario del
Consolidated statement of all friar-lands sales to include September 30, 1910, showing
totals of purchasers and parcels sold, and the total area, in acres, sold on each estate.
Estate.
Banilad
Binagbag
Binan
Calamba
Dampol
Guiguinto
Isabela
Lolomboy
Malinta
Muntinlupa
Naic
Orion
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon .
San Jose
San Marcos
Santa Rosa
Tala
Total
Reported by cable Dec. 13, 1910:
October sales
November sales
Total.
Purchasers.
468
42
1,648
1
293
415
40
1
780
482
1,050
344
344
1,389
1
1
1,174
374
8,847
Parcels
sold.
749
49
2,828
1
347
681
93
1
1,311
1,262
1,884
600
530
2,782
2
1
1,992
855
15,968
1,737
1,223
18, 928
Area (in
acres).
1,263.7095
27. 9523
6,626.8388
1. 4740
1,829.4415
2,314.6627
148. 7113
4. 1020
7, 802. 6090
4, 550. 3010
8,671.1375
2, 079. 0730
4, 531. 0020
13, 437. 0839
56,212.0375
218. 3223
10,370.0437
12, 144. 7696
132,233.3316
4, 457. 5000
12, 722. 5000
149,413.3316
136 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. In this statement the public lands and the friar
lands seem to be separately given?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Wlien a purchase of friar lands is made, who is
the first official to whom application would in the ordinary course of
events be made ?
Mr. Sleeper. The agent on the estate.
The Chairman. The agent in charge of the friar estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; or group of estates, as the case may be.
The Chairman. Then what would be the next proceeding?
Mr. Sleeper. It would be sent to my office in Manila.
The Chairman. You would be the first public official to receive it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. The first one I observe as involving over 16 hec-
tares in amount was sold to Leoncio Alburo, one parcel of 94.4 acres.
Have you any recollection of how you came to sell him 94 acres?
This is reduced from hectares to acres.
Mr. Sleeper. That is the parcel of land he was occupying, prob-
ably, at the date it was purchased.
The Chairman. This statement does not seem to give the dates of
the sales. Are you able to insert the dates?
Mr. Sleeper. On those sales ?
The Chairman. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Will you insert these dates for us before we put
this in the record?
Mr. Sleeper. If I can find clerical force sufficient to do it. There
are some 15,000 sales.
The Chairman. You stated your recollection is, relative to this
94.4 acres sold to Leoncio Alburo, that this land was occupied by him
as a tenant prior to the sale.
Mr. Sleeper. May I ask what estate that is on ?
The Chairman. It is on the Banilad estate.
Mr. Sleeper. The probabilities are he had been occupying that
land for many years.
The Chairman. These seem to be in small amounts, mostly. The
next one exceeding 16 hectares, or 40 acres, is a sale to Victoria Eallos,
on the same estate, of six parcels, aggregating 63.9 acres. Have you
any recollection as to that?
Mr. Sleeper. Only a geijeral recollection as to these sales. But
on that estate nearly all of the purchasers were former tenants, not
only of the Government, but of the friars.
The Chairman. I see a number of sales here slightly exceeding 40
acres. It is not necessary to take up the time with their enumera-
tion, as this statement will go in the record anyway.
I find a sale on the Binan estate, in this list, to Frank J. Ferguson
of 11 parcels, aggregating 325 acres. Have you any recollection as
to how Mr. Ferguson came to receive that many acres ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You say you have ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. How did it occur?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Ferguson was an American looking around for
a piece of land to settle on. The agent found he was looking around
ADMINISTBATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 137
in that country and went after him and asked him if he did not want
to buy some friar lands.
The Chairman. You mean, then, he was not a prior tenant ?
Mr. Si/EEPER. No, sir.
The Chairman. Can you say whether the 11 parcels were con-
tiguous ?
Mr. Sleeper. I can not. I have plans that will give that, however.
The Chairman. On the Dampol estate I find a sale to Manuel
Casal of 319 acres. Do you recall anything about that?
Mr. Sleeper. I am sure that party was a former tenant. That
entire estate has been sold to former tenants.
The Chairman. In these cases where former tenants acquired
tracts, some of them in excess of 40 acres, did they receive just the
lands they had been occupying as tenants ?
Mr. Sleeper. Exactly ; or, at least, if they desired to purchase.
The Chairman. I mean did that include lands outside of what
they had been occupying as tenants?
Mr. Sleeper. As a rule not.
The Chairman. Does this statement give also the leases?
Mr. Sleeper. I think that deals only with sales.
Mr. Douglas. I have here in what purports to be a letter from the
Secretary of War a statement from the land records of all the sales
and then all of the leases. You will find it right there.
The Chairman. Was that statement prepared by you, which the
Secretary of War furnished?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. I do not remember ever seeing it.
Mr. Garrett. It is House Document No. 963, is it not?
Mr. Douglas. Yes. It contained first a list of sales and then a
list of pieces of more than 16 hectares.
The Chairman. In the Muntinlupa estate I find a sale to Estanis-
lao Espeleta of 100 acres. Have you any recollection as to that?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not think he was a former tenant at all.
The Chairman. Was he an American or Filipino ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is a Filipino, by his name.
The Chairman. On the Naic estate there is a sale to Charles
Beelar of 206 acres. Is he an American or native Filipino ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is an American; what we call a half-
breed.
The Chairman. On the same estate I find a sale to Cristobal
Bustamante of 338 acres. Is he a Filipino or an American?
Mr. Sleeper. He is a Filipino.
The Chairman. Does this paper include all the estates?
Mr. Sleeper. It should include all the estates that have been offered
for sale.
The Chairman. I mean in which there have been sales made.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. I have not yet been able to find the San Jose estate
here at all. Here is a sale made on the Santa Eosa estate to Pedro
Teano Perlas, of 832 acres. Is he an American or a Filipino?
Mr. Sleeper. He is a Filipino. He formerly occupied a larger
area than that under the Spanish administration.
The Chairman. Here is Harry Rosenberg, to whom a sale was
made in this same Santa Rosa estate, of 3,489 acres. Is he an Ameri-
can or Filipino ?
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 13
138 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. He is an American.
The Chairman. On the Tala estate I find a sale to Nicolas C. Cruz
of 1,956 acres. Is he an American or Filipino?
Mr. Sleeper. A Filipino.
The Chairman. In the same estate I find a sale of 108 acres to
Arcadio Constantino. Is he an American or Filipino ?
Mr. Sleeper. A Filipino.
The Chairman. To Mariano Crisostomo. Is he an American or
Filipino?
Mr. Sleeper. A Filipino.
The Chairman. I suppose most of these hard names are names of
Filipinos. I do not find the San Jose estate here at all. Will you see
if you can find the San Jose estate in this [handing statement to
witness].
In the meantime, I find here on the 7th of June we passed a reso-
lution calling on the Secretary of War to furnish us from the record
of his office data setting forth in detail the sale of estates or parts
thereof referred to, with the number of acres involved, and so forth,
and the reply seemed to contain a record by months, beginning with
the quarter ending June 30, 1905. Can you state when you began
to sell friar lands — when the first sale was made?
Mr. Sleeper. I think in 1908 the first sales were made on the
Dampol estate.
The Chairman. I would suggest we might put in the record at
this point this portion of the report of the Secretary of War in
response to that resolution. His letter of reply is dated June 7, 1910,
and is House Document No. 957. We might put the whole thing in,
but the figures I want especially to get in to show these sales with
dates and so forth, beginning on page 11.
Mr. Parsons. Those are the quarterly reports?
The Chairman. Yes. If there is no objection, we will put that
part of the Secretary's reply in this record at this point.
Mr. Parsons. They do not show to whom they were sold ?
The Chairman. No.
Mr. Parsons. Whereas in Document No. 963 we have a list of
all friar land sales and leases, and public land sales and leases of more
than 16 hectares to one person.
The Chairman. It does not give the dates and names?
Mr. Parsons. No ; it gives the names, but not the dates.
The Chairman. Well, we will put those all in.
(The papers referred to are in the words and figures follow^ing,
to wit:)
LETTER
FROM
THE SECRETARY OF WAR,
TRANSMITTING,
IN RESPONSE TO A RESOLUTION OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA-
TIVES, CERTAIN DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE SALE OF THE
FRIAR LANDS IN THE PHILIPPINES.
June 10, 1910. — Referred to the Committee on Insular Affairs and ordered to be
printed.
War Department,
Washington y June 7, 1910.
Mr. Speaker: I beg to acknowledge the receipt of the following
resolution of the House of Representatives :
Resolved, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, directed to furnish to the
House of Representatives, if not incompatible with the public interest, complete
and true copies of all reports, documents, letters, cablegrams, telegrams, memoranda,
or other data, contained among the records of his office, or in the files thereof, showing
or tending to show, or to throw any light upon the sale or leasing or granting of options
upon all or any of the so-called friar lands in the Philippine Islands, including all
letters, opinions, requests for opinions, information or data received from any intend-
ing purchaser or purchasers, lessor or lessors, or his or their counsel or agents, and
copies of all replies thereto, and of all opinions given by the Secretary of War or anyone
in his department in relation to the friar lands, setting forth in each instance in detail
the particular estate or estates, or parts thereof, referred to, and the number of acres
mvolved, and all letters, cablegrams, telegrams or reports to or from any officer, agent,
or attorney of the Philippine government in relation to the sale, leasing, or optioning
of all or any of said friar lands. Also, if such information shall be within his possession
or ascertainable from the files or records of his ofiice, a statement showing in detail
the name of the estate, or a general description of each tract or parcel of friar lands
heretofore purchased by the Philippine government, the number of acres included
therein and the amount paid therefor, together with a statement showing whether
all or any portion of said so-called friar estate or tract has been sold or leased or placed
139
140 ABMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
under option by the Philippine government, and stating in each instance the name
and address of the purchaser or lessor, the number of acres involved and the price
paid or to be paid therefor, either in purchase thereof, or as rental: Provided^ That
m his response hereto, it shall not be necessary for the Secretary of War to furnish
copies of any letters, opinions, cablegrams, telegrams, documents or data already
furnished by him in response to resolutions heretofore adopted by the House of Repre-
sentatives.
In compliance with this resolution I have the honor herewith to
transmit documents, letters, cablegrams, telegrams, and memoranda
as shown by the attached list. The originals of many of these are
transmitted, inasmuch as it would involve considerable delay in
their transmittal to copy them with the limited available clerical
force.
The printed reports of Philippine officials may be found in the
annual reports of the Philippine Commission, published each year as
a part of the annual report of the War Department. For convenient
reference, however, attention is respectfully invited in this connec-
tion to the attached list which will indicate the portions of the reports
that appear to be pertinent.
There are also included several more or less complete memoranda,
which were prepared for office use in the Bureau of Insular Affairs as
the various questions with reference to the friar lands have arisen.
They are all included, but, as will be observed, some of them never
were signed.
No paper called for is withheld because its transmittal might be
regarded as incompatible with public interest.
i have, notwithstanding the proviso of the resolution, included
for convenient reference such papers heretofore furnished in response
to previous resolutions of the House of Representatives as are cov-
ered by the body of the resolution.
Very respectfully, J. M. Dickinson,
Secretary of War.
The Speaker of the House of Representatives.
List oj documents, letters, etc., transmitted with letter of the Secretary of War to the Speaker
of the House of Representatives June S, 1910.
[References to House documents are to those of the Sixty-first Congress, second session, unless otherwise
stated. J
Inclosures Nos.
1. Act No. 1120 of the Philippine CommiBsion, enacted April 26, 1904. (See
p. 5, pt. 3, H. Doc. 894.)
2. Report on friar lands for quarter ending June 30, 1905. (Original.)
3. Report for month of July, 1905. (Original.)
4-8. Reports for months of August, September quarter ending September 30
October, November, 1905. (Originals.)
9-25. Reports for January, February, June, July, August, September, quarter
ending September 30, October, November, December, 1906. (Originals.)
26-36. Reports for January, March, June, July, September, October, 1907.
(Originals.)
37, 38, 39. Acts 1705, 1736, and 1749 of the Philippine Commission.
40-44. Reports for quarters ending June 30 and September 30, 1908. (Originals.)
45. Extract from letter Dean C. Worcester, inclosing statement to October
1, 1906.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 141
Inclosures Not.
46. Statement. (Original.)
47. Copy of letter, March 19, 1907, from General Edwards to director of lands.
48. Copy of Captain Sleeper's answer of April 25, 1907.
49. Extract from special report of Secretary Taft. (S. Doc. 200, 60tb Cong.,
1st sess.)
50. Act No. 1847, Philippine Islands legislature. (See p. 11, pt. 3, H. Doc.
No. 894.)
51. General Edwards's letter of May 16, 1908, to the governor-general of the
Philippine Islands. (Original press copy with copy of indorsements.)
52. Captain Sleeper's third indorsement on letter of May 16, 1908.
53-80. Blueprints of plans of Santa Rosa estate. (Originals.)
81. Description of lots, Santa Rosa estate, blueprints. (Originals.)
82. Captain Sleeper's letter of August 6, 1909. (Original.)
83. Statement. (Original.)
84. Act 1933 of Philippine legislature. (See p. 10, pt. 3, H. Doc. 894.)
85. Copy of letter of September 4, 1909, to John H. Hammond, and inclosures.
(See p. 2, H. Doc. 916.)
86. Copy of letter of September 7, 1909, from John H, Hammond. (See p. 3,
H. Doc. 916.)
87. Chief surveyor's memorandum. (Original.)
88. Copy of General Edwards's letter of September 27, 1909. (See H. Doc. 918,
6ist Cong., 2d sess.)
89. Copy of cablegram from governor-general October 22, 1909. (See p. 5,
H. Rept. 1015, present session.)
90. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general October 22, 1909. (See p. 5,
H. Rept. 1015.)
91. Copy of letter of October 22, 1909, to John H. Hammond. (See p. 7,
H. Rept. 1015.)
92. Copy of letter of October 23, 1909, from John H. Hammond. (See p. 7,
H. Rept. 1015.)
93. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general November 23. 1909. (See p. 5,
H. Rept. 1015.)
94. Copy of cablegram from governor-general November 29, 1909. (See p. 2,
pt. 3, H. Doc. 894, and p. 6, H. Rept. 1015.)
95. Copy of letter to the President, December 2, 1909.
96. Copy of letter from the President to the Secretary of War.
97. Copy of letter of Assistant Secretary of War to the Attorney-General. (See
p. 2, pt. 3, H. Doc. 894.)
98. Copy of memorandum of Mr. de Gersdorff. (See p. 3, part 3, H. Doc. 894,
and p. 15, H. Rept. 1015.)
99. Copy of cablegram to the governor-general, December 4, 1909. (See p. 6,
H. Rept. 1015.)
100. Copy of telegram to Mr. de Gersdorff, December 4, 1909.
101. Copy of letter of December 8, 1909, from Attorney-General.
102. Copy of letter from Dean C. Worcester, secretary of the interior, October
21, 1909. (See p. 6, H. Rept. 1015.)
103. Opinion of Attorney-General. (See p. 2, H. Doc. 911.)
104. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general December 22, 1909. (See p. 7,
H. Rept. 1015.)
105. Copy of letter sent to governor-general December 22, 1909.
106. Copy of telegram to Mr. de Gersdorff, December 22, 1909.
107. Copy of letter to Mr. de Gersdorff, December 22, 1909.
108. Copy of opinion, dated June 15, 1909, of the attorney-general of the Phil-
ippine Islands.
109. Copy of letter from E. F. Atkins, dated December 30, 1909.
110. Copy of letter of January 4, 1910, to Mr. Atkins.
111. Copy of cablegram sent governor-general January 12, 1910. (See p. 2,
part 3, H. Doc. 894, and p. 7, H. Rept. 1015.)
112. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general January 13, 1910. (See
p. 2, part 3, H. Doc. 894, and p. 7, H. Rept. 1015.)
113. Copy of memorandum of Secretary Worcester dated November 26, 1909.
114. Opinion of the attorney-general of the Philippine Islands dated October 18,
1909. (Original.)
115. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general January 17, 1910.
116. Copy of letter to governor-general dated February 2, 1910.
142 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Inclosures Nos.
117. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general February 5, 1910.
118. Copy of cablegram received from the governor-general, February 7, 1910.
119. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general, March 1, 1910.
120. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general, March 26, 1910.
121. Copy of cablegram sent to governor-general, March 30, 1910. (See H. Doc.
903.)
122. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general, April 1, 1910.
123. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general, April 9, 1910. (See H.
Doc. 903.)
124. Report of director of lands, dated February 17, 1910.
125. Copy of cablegram sent governor-general, April 19, 1910.
12(). Copy of cablegram received from governor-general, April 23, 1910.
127. Copy of cablegram sent governor-general, April 29, 1910.
128. Copy of cablegram received from governor-general, May 3, 1910.
129. Original of reply of director of lands to letter of September 27, 1909, received
May, 1910.
130. Original of prospectus of San Jose estate, transmitted by director of lands
with his statement of December 4, 1909.
131. Original of prospectus of the Isabela estate, transmitted by director of
lands with his statement of December 4, 1909.
132. Copy of letter to Attorney-General, May 12, 1910.
133. Copy of memorandum, dated April 30, 1910, iiiclosed with letter of May
12, to the Attorney-General.
Inquiries and replies:
134. Copy of letter from Hon. M. E. Olmsted, January 24, 1910.
135. Copy of letter to Hon. M. E. Olmsted, January 28, 1910.
136. Copy of letter from Hon. Coe I. Crawford, January 31, 1910.
137. Copy of letter to Hon. Coe I. Crawford, February 2, 1910.
138. Copy of letter from Hon. James L. Slayden, January 31, 1910.
139. Copy of memorandum of law officer, Bureau of Insular Affairs, February
12, 1910.
140. Copy of letter to Hon. J. L. Slayden, February 14, 1910.
141. Copy of letter to Hon. A. W. Rucker, March 7, 1910.
142. Copy of letter from Hon. M. E. Olmsted, March 25, 1910.
143,144. Copy of letter to Hon. M. E. Olmsted, March 26, 1910, and copy of letter
to him (inclosed with that of March 26) dated March 24, 1910.
145, 146. Copy of letter to Hon. H. C. Lodge, March 29, 1910, and copy of note trans-
mitting same.
147. Memorandum in re sugar producing establishments in the Philippine
Islands.
Office memoranda:
148. Memorandum dated February 9, 1910.
149. Memorandum dated April 8, 1910.
150. Memorandum dated April 12, 1910.
151. Memorandum dated April 19, 1910.
REFERENCE LIST OF PHILIPPINE COMMISSION REPORTS.
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1904, part 1, pages 747 to 816. (H. Doc.
No. 2, vol. 12, 58th Cong., 3d sess.)
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1905, part 1, pages 17, 26, and 216; part 2,
pages 40, 41, and 380 to 383. (H. Doc. No. 2, vols. 10 and 11, 59th Cong., 1st sess.)
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1906, part 2, pages 37, 41, and 133 to 149.
(H. Doc. No. 2, vol. 8, 59th Cong., '2d sess.)
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1907, part 2, pages 37 to 40 and 184 to 201.
(H. Doc. No. 2, vol. 8, 60th Con^., Ist sess.)
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1908, part 2, pages 48 to 51, and 225 to 261.
(H. Doc, No. 1042, vol. 8, 60th Cong., 2d sess.)
Report of the Philippine Commission for 1909, pages 46, 47, and 115. (H. Doc. No.
103, vol. 7, also H. Doc. No. 823, Olst CouQr., 2d sess.)
Report of the Philippine Director of Lands for 1909. (H. Doc. No. 914, 61st Cong.,
2d 8688.)
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 143
Inclosure No. l.J
[Pre\ iisly transmitted in response to a resolution passed by the House of Representatives on May 10,
1910, and printed in pt. 3, H. Doc. 894, Gist Cong., 2d sess.]
No. 1120.]
An act providing for the administration and temporary leasing and sale of certain haciendas and parcels
of land, commonly known as friar lands, for the purchase of which the government of the Philippine
Islands has recently contracted, pursuant to the provisions of sections sixty-three, sixty-four, and sixty-
five of an act of the Congress of the United States entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the adminis-
tration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," approved
on the first day of July, nineteen hundred and two.
Whereas pursuant to the provisions of sections sixty-three, sixty-four, and sixty-
five of an act of the Congress of the United States, entitled ''An act temporarily to
provide for the administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine
Islands, and for other purposes," approved July first, nineteen hundred and two,
the government of the Philippine Islands, on the twenty-second day of December,
nineteen hundred and three, entered into contracts with the Philippine Sugar Estates
Development Company (Limited), La Sociedad Agricola de Ultramar, the British-
Manila Estates Company (Limited), and the Kecoleto Order of the Philippine Islands,
for the purchase of about one hundred and sixty-four thousand one hundred and
twenty-seven hectares of land, situated in the Provinces of La Laguna, liulacan,
Cavite, Bataan, Cebu, Rizal, Isabela, and Mindoro, for the aggregate sum of seven
million two hundred and thirty-nine thousand seven hundred and eighty-four dollars
and sixty-six cents, money of the United States; and
Whereas in said contracts of purchase it was provided, among other things, that the
government of the Philippine Islands should have a period of six months from the date
of said contracts within which to examine the titles to said lands and also within which
to survey the same in order to ascertain whether there is the quantity of land specified
in said contracts, and, in the event there is not, that a proportionate reduction shall
be made in the amounts agreed to be paid therefor; and it was further provided in said
contracts that the said parties, so agreeing to sell, obligated themselves to convey good
and indefeasible titles to said lands by proper conveyances; and
Whereas by said section sixty-five of said act of Congress the government of the
Philippine Islands is empowered to lease the said lands after their acquisition for a
period not exceeding three years, and to sell the same on such terms and conditions as
it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions contained in said act of
Congress: Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be
payable in the money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the
bonds authorized to be issued and sold for the purpose of realizing the money necessary
to pay for said lands by section sixty-four of said act of Congress, and that said deferred
payments shall bear interest at the rate borne by said bonds: And provided further,
That all moneys realized or received from the sales or other disposition of said lands,
or by reason thereof, shall constitute a trust fund for the payment of principal and
interest of said bonds, and also constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said
bonds at their maturity: And provided further , That actual settlers and occupants at
the time said lands are acquired by the government shall have the preference over
all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within such reasonable time as
may be determined by said government; and
Whereas the said lands are not "public lands" in the sense in which those words
are used in the public land act, numbered nine hundred and twenty-six, and can not
be acquired or leased under the provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper
agencies for carrying out the terms of said contracts of purchase and the requirements
of said act of Congress with reference to the leasing and selling of said lands and the
creation of a sinking fund to secure the payment of the bonds so issued: Now, therefore,
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Commission, that:
Section 1. The civil governor is authorized and directed to have careful examina-
tion made to ascertain the sufficiency and soundness of the titles to said land so con-
tracted to be purchased by the government of the Philippine Islands from the said
corporations as set forth in the preamble hereof.
His action in employing the firm of Del Pan, Ortigas and Fisher, attorneys at law
in the city of Manila, to make such examination and also to perform all legal services
required of them in completing such purchases and thereafter in the leasing and selling
of said lands as hereinafter provided, they to be compensated for their services at the
rate of five thousand five hundred dollars per annum, payable monthly, for such time
as in the opinion of the civil governor their services may be needed, is hereby approved
and confirmed.
144 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Sec. 2. The consulting engineer to the commission is hereby directed to have careful
surveys made of the said haciendas and tracts of land in order to ascertain with accuracy
and certainty whether there is the amount of land in each of said haciendas and tracts
specified in said contracts, and for that purpose he is empowered to put in the field
and maintain the necessary surveying parties, and any funds in his hands at the present
time not in terms devoted to defraying the cost of specific public works are nereby
declared available for that purpose. As soon as these surveys shall have been com-
Eleted he shall make report of the results thereof to the civil governor. Such steps as
ave already been taken by the consulting engineer by direction of the civil governor
looking to the survey of said haciendas and lands are approved and confirmed.
Sec. 3. The firm of Del Pan, Ortigas and Fisher is also directed, as soon as the exami-
nation of the title deeds to said property shall have been completed, to make report of
the result of their investigations in that behalf to the civil governor, and under his
direction to supervise the final deeds of conveyance of said lands by said corporations
to the government of the Philippine Islands. The civil governor is also directed to
submit their report together with the said deeds to the attorney-general for his opinion.
Sec. 4. The civil governor is hereby empowered, when it shall have been ascer-
tained that the titles to said lands are perfect and indefeasible and proper instruments
of conveyance are tendered by said corporations, to direct the payment to the cor-
porations named in the preamble of the several sums agreed to be paid for said lands,
and to that end to draw the warrants of the government of the Philip{)ine Islands upon
the sum realized from the sale of the bonds issued and sold as provided in act num-
bered ten hundred and thirty-four.
Sec. 5. When the titles to said lands are finally vested in the government of the
Philippine Islands they shall be under the immediate control and direction of the
bureau of public lands. The chief of the bureau of public lands is empowered and
directed, pending the completion of the purchase of said lands, to receive, take charge
of, and carefully preserve the said contracts of sale and purchase and all muniments,
documents, title deeds, or other papers pertaining to said lands, and all field notes,
surveys, and other data relating thereto, and also the deeds of conveyance hereafter
made pursuant to the terms of said contracts of sale and purchase, and thereafter to
keep and ;Meserve the same, except as required for registration of said lands.
Sec. 6. The title deeds and instruments of conveyance pertaining to the lands in
each province, when executed and delivered by said grantors to the government and
placed in the keeping of the chief of the bureau of public lands, as above provided,
shall be by him transmitted to the register of deeds of each province in which any part
of said lands lies, for registration in accordance with law.
Sec. 7. Upon the vesting of the titles to said lands in the government of the Philip-
pine Islands by proper deeds of conveyance, or sooner if so directed by the civil
governor, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall ascertain the names and resi-
dences of the actual, bona fide settlers and occupants then in possession of said lands
or of any portion of them, together with the extent of their several holdiilgs and the
character and value thereof. He is also directed to ascertain from said occupanta
whether they desire to purchase their holdings upon the terms prescribed in the
succeeding sections.
Sec. 8. In case any occupant in possession does not desire to purchase his holding,
but does desire to lease the same, then it shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau of
public lands, after vesting of title, to see that such occupant attorns in due form to the
government and enters into a lease with the usual convenants and agrees to pay a
reasonable rental for the use and occupation of his holding. Such rental shall be fixed
by the chief of the bureau of public lands, but in no instance shall any lease be made
for a longer term than three years.
Sec. 9. In the event the chief of the bureau of public lands should find any of
the said lands vacant, he is directed to take possession and charge thereof, ana he
may either lease such unoccupied lands for a term not exceeding three years or offer
the same for sale, as in his judgment may seem for the best interests of the govern-
ment, and in making such sales he shall proceed as provided in chapter two of the
public land act.
Sec. 10. Should he find any of the said lands in possession of a person or persons
declining either to buy or to rent, as above set forth, he shall take possession thereof
if he can do so peaceably, and if not he shall begin proper legal proceedings in the
court of land registration to settle title and to oust him or them frona his or their hold-
ings and, upon adjudication in favor of the government, shall likewise take possession
of the same with the same power and authority as though originally vacant. He
shall not, however, sell any of the main hacienda houses or other large and substan-
tial buildings save upon a resolution of the commission authorizing him so to do.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 145
Sec. 11. Should any person who is the actual and bona fide settler upon and occu-
pant of any portion of said lands at the time the same is conveyed to the government
of the Philippine Islands desire to purchase the land so occupied by him, he shall
be entitled to do so at the actual cost thereof to the government, and shall be allowed
ten years from the date of purchase within which to pay for the same in equal annual
installments, if he so desires, all deferred payments to bear interest at the rate of four
per centum per annum.
Sec. 12. It shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands by proper
investigation to ascertain what is the actual value of the parcel of land held by each
settler and occupant, taking into consideration the location and quality of each
holding of land and any other circumstances giving it value. The basis of valuation
atall likewise be, so far as practicable, such that the aggregate of the values of all
the holdings included in each particular tract shall be equal to the cost to the gov-
ernment of the entire tract, including the cost of surveys, administration, and inter-
est upon the purchase money to the time of sale. When the cost thereof shall have
been thus ascertained, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall give the said
settler and occupant a certificate which shall set forth in detail that the government
has agreed to sell tb such settler and occupant the amount of land so held by him,
at the price so fixed, payable as provided in this act at the office of the chief of the
bureau of public lands, in gold coin of the United States or its equivalent in Phil-
ippine currency, and that upon the payment of the final installment, together with
all accrued interest, the government will convey to such settler and occupant the
said land so held by him by proper instrument of conveyance, which shall be
issued and become effective in the manner provided in section one hundred and
twenty-two of the land registration act. The chief of the bureau of public lands
shall, in each instance where a certificate is given to the settler and occupant of
any holding, take his formal receipt, showing the delivery of such certificate, signed
by said settler and occupant.
Sec. 13. The acceptance by the settler and occupant of such certificate shall be
considered as an agreement by him to pay the purchase price so fixed and in the
installments and at the interest specified in the certificate, and he shall by such
acceptance become a debtor to the government in that amount, together with all
accrued interest. In the event that any such settler and occupant may desire to
pay for his holding of said lands in cash, or within a shorter period of time than that
above specified, he shall be allowed to do so, and if payment be made in cash the
lands shall at once be conveyed to him as above provided. But if purchase is made
by installments, the certificate shall so state in accordance with the facts of the trans-
action: Providedf however, That every settler and occupant who desires to purchase
his holding must enter into the agreement to purchase such holding by accepting
the said certificate and executing the said receipt whenever called on so to do by
the chief of the bureau of public lands, and a failure on the part of the settler ani
occupant to comply with this requirement shall be considered as a refusal to purchase,
and ne shall be ousted as above provided and thereafter his holding may be leased
or sold, as in case of unoccupied lands: And provided further, That the chief of the
bureau of public lands in his discretion may require of any settler and occupant so
desiring to purchase that, pending the investigation requisite to fix the precise extent
of his holding and its cost, he shall attorn to the government as its tenant and pay a
reasonable rent for the use of his holding; but no such lease shall be for a longer term
thau three years, and refusal on the part of any settler and occupant so desiring to
purchase to execute a lease pending such investigation shall be treated as a refusal
either to lease or to purchase, and the chief of the bureau of public lands shall proceed
to oust him as in this act provided.
Sec. 14. It shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands to collect and
receive all rent and installments of purchase money and interest thereon due and pay-
able under the provisions of this act, and to give proper receipts and acquittances
therefor and make proper record thereof in the books of his office.
Sec 15. The government hereby reserves the title to each and every parcel of land
sold under the provisions of this act until the full payment of all installments of pur-
chase money and interest by the purchaser has been made, and any sale or incum-
brance made by him shall be invalid as against the government or the Philippine
Islands, and shall be in all respects subordinate to its prior claim.
Sec. 16. In the event of the death of a holder of a certificate the issuance of which
is provided for in section twelve hereof, prior to the execution of a deed by the gov-
ernment to any purchaser, his widow shall be entitled to receive a deed of the land
stated in the ceritficate upon sho\\ing that she has complied with the requirements
of law for the purchase of the same. In case a holder oi a certificate dies before the
146 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
giving of the deed and does not leave a widow, then the interest of the holder of the
certificate shall descend and deed shall issue to the persons who under the laws of
the Philippine Islands would have taken had the title been perfected before the
death of the holder of the certificate, upon proof of the holders thus entitled of com-
pliance with all the requirements of the certificate. In case the holder of the certifi-
cate shall have sold his interest in the land before having complied with all the condi-
tions thereof, the purchaser from the holder of the certificate shall be entitled to all
the rights of the holder of the certificate upon presenting his assignment to the chief
of the bureau of public lands for registration.
Sec. 17. In the event that any lessee or purchaser of land under the provisions of
this act should fail to pay his rent or any installment of purchase money and interest
thereon, or accrued interest on any installment not due, when and as the same matures,
it shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands at once to protect the gov-
ernment from loss. In the case of a lease, when the lessee is delinquent in payment
of rent, the chief of the bureau of public lands is empowered to declare the lease for-
feited, making proper entry to that effect in the books of his office and giving notice
thereof to the tenant, and to enter upon and take possession of the land held by the
lessee and bring suit against the lessee for all rent due; in the case of a delinquent
purchaser, the chief of the bureau of public lands may enforce payment of any past-
due installment and interest by bringing suit to recover the same with interest thereon,
and also to enforce the lien of the government against the land by selling the same in
the manner provided by act numbered one hundred and ninety for the foreclosure
of mortgages. In the event of such sale the purchaser at such sale shall acquire a
good and indefeasible title. The proceeds of sale shall be applied to the payment of
the costs of court and of all installments due or to become due on such land. If the
proceeds of the sale are sufficient to pay all delinquent installments as well as all
future installments and all costs of the litigation, there shall be no further claim or
liability against the original purchaser. If the proceeds of the sale of said lands should
amount to more than sufficient to pay all purchase money and interest due the gov-
ernment and costs of suit, the surplus thereof shall be returned to the original pur-
chaser, or to the person entitled thereto.
Sec. 18. No lease or sale made by the chief of the bureau of public lands under the
provisions of this act shall be valid until approved by the secretary of the interior.
Sec. 19. No purchaser or lessee under this act shall acquire any exclusive rights to
any canal, ditch, reservoir, or other irrigation works, or to any water supply upon
which such irrigation works are or may be dependent, but all of such irrigation works
and water supplies shall remain under the exclusive control of the government of
the Philippine Islands and be administered under the direction of the chief of the
bureau of public lands for the common benefit of those interests dependent upon them.
And the government reserves as a part of the contract of sale in each instance the right
to levy an equitable contribution or tax for the maintenance of such irrigation works,
the assessment of which shall be based upon the amount of benefits received, and each
purchaser under this act, by accepting the certificate of sale or deed herein provided
to be given, shall be held to assent thereto. And it is further provided that all lands
leased or conveyed under this act shall remain subject to the right of way of such irri-
gation canals, ditches, and reservoirs as now exist or as the government may hereafter
see fit to construct.
Sec 20. All persons receiving title to lands under the provisions of this act shall
hold such lands subject to the same public servitudes as existed upon lands owned by
private persons under the sovereignty of Spain, including those with reference to the
littoral of the sea and the banks of navigable rivers and rivers upon which rafting may
be done.
Sec. 21. The civil governor, when authorized by resolution of the commission, may,
by proclamation, designate any tract or tracts of said lands aa nonalienable, and reserve
the same for public use, and thereafter such tracts shall not be subject to sale, lease, or
other disposition under this act.
Sec. 22. It shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands to make
quarterly reports, through the secretary of the interior, to the commission showing
the lands leased or sold by him in accordance with the provisions of this act, the
amounts of money derived from such rentals and sales, and such other information
as in his opinion may be of value to the commission in connection with the said lands
and their administration and disposition as provided by this act. Both the secretary
of the interior and the chief of the bureau of public lands shall have the right to require
of the special counsel named in the first section hereof, or of their successors, such
advice and assistance as from time to time may be required by them in the performance
of their duties under this act, and it shall be the duty of said counselors to give such
legal advice and assistance.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
147
Sec. 23. All moneys derived by the chief of the bureau of public lands from the
leasing or sale of said lands, or from interest on deferred payments thereon, shall by
him be promptly deposited in the insular treasury. Such moneys shall be by the
treasurer held separate and apart from general insular funds and shall constitute a
trust fund for the payment of the principal and interest of the seven million two hun-
dred and thirty-seven thousand dollars of bonds, issued and sold by the Secretary of
War in the name and on behalf of the government of the Philippine Islands for the
purpose of raising money to pay the purchase price of said lands as provided in act
numbered ten hundred and thirty-four, entitled "An act providing for the issue of
bonds of the government of the Philippine Islands to the amount of seven million
two hundred and thirty-seven thousand dollars, gold coin of the United States
of the present standard value, for the purpose of acquiring funds for the pay-
ment of the purchase price of certain large tracts of lands in the Philippine Islands,
commonly known as the friar lands, pursuant to the provisions of sections sixty-three,
sixty-four, and sixty-five of the act of Congress entitled 'An act temporarily to provide
for the administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands,
and for other purposes, ' approved July first, nineteen hundred and two." Said money
shall also constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at maturity and may
be invested and reinvested in safe interest-bearing bonds or other securities, which
shall likewise be held by the treasurer as a part of such sinking fund, and all interest,
dividends, or profits derived from said bonds or other securities thus purchased shall
likewise be a part of such sinking fund, and may in turn be invested and reinvested
in bonds or other securities. All purchases of bonds or other securities by the treas-
urer shall be subject to the approval of the secretary of finance and justice.
Sec. 24. The chief of the bureau of public lands, under the supervision of the secre-
tary of the interior, shall prepare and issue such forms and instructions, consistent
with this act, as may be necessary and proper to carry into effect all the provisions
hereof that are to be administered by or under the direction of the bureau of public
lands, and for the conduct of all proceedings arising under such provisions.
Sec. 25. The sum of ten thousand pesos, Philippine currency, is hereby appropri-
ated, out of any funds in the insular treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the
Eurpose of paying the salary of the special counsel referred to in the first section
ereof and for making the investigations and surveys required hereby and for the
general carrying out of the provisions of this act.
Sec. 26. The short title of this act shall be "The friar lands act."
Sec, 27. The public good requiring the speedy enactment of this bill, the passage
of the same is hereby expedited in accordance with section two of "An act prescribing
the order of procedure by the commission in the enactment of laws," passed Septem-
ber twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred.
Sec. 28. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, April 26, 1904.
[Inclosure No. 2.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended June 30, 1905.
Temporary leases.
Total area
contracted
ofr during
this
quarter.
Total
amoun
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
234
222
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
r7,127.82
4,659.36
due an
nually
from all
contracts
No.
162
84
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
330 05 15
279 55 33
executed
during
this
quarter
San Francisco de
Malabon
Imus
h. a. c.
23 22 00
12 05 04
381
200
h. a. c.
788 93 04
595 81 08
86
h. a. c.
1,142 20 19
887 41 45
T7, 127. 82
4,659.36
Total
2,029 61 64
2,029 61 64
11,787.18
Grand total .
11,787.18
148
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 3.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended July Sly 1905.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Inumted
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount of
rental due
annually.
Amount
coUexited
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Francisco de Malabon.
86
h. a. c.
9 08 40
87
h. a. c.
180 77 54
30
h. a.
40 00
94
ri,688.40
^355. 60
h. a. c.
Total area contracted for on all estates, as above reported 230 51 94
Grand total brought forward from last monthly report 2, 029 61 64
Grand total of area contracted for to date on all estates 2, 260 13 58
Total income due annually from all estates under all contracts above reported Fl, 588. 40
Grand total of income brought forward from last monthly report 11, 787. 18
Grand total of income due annually from all estates to date 13, 375. 58
Grand total collected to date 355.60
[Inclosure No. 4.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended Avjgust Sly 1905.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Jl
Amount
i of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
No.
Area.
No.
311
Area.
No.
Area.
during
this
month.
San Francisco de Malabon.
Tala.
435
h. a. c.
28 68 36
h. a. c.
475 6 82
103
80
60
110
1
13
2
h. a. c.
102 32 60
75 95 75
82 93 00
173 77 25
11 80 00
103 6 26
3 00 00
509
53
35
68
1
86
235
P'4,453.76
432.08
470. 48
996.08
68.00
633. 40
4,296.16
r2,574.88
Fledad
Malinta
9
1 63 75
Matamo
Dampol
94
201
24 77 39
37 74 13
Imua
239
586 88 60
719.66
1
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amount
due an-
nually from
all con-
tracts ex-
ecuted dur-
ing this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Francisco de Malabon.
Tala
h. a. c.
606 7 78
75 95 75
82 93 00
175 41 00
11 80 00
127 83 65
627 62 73
r4,453.76
432.08
470.48
996.08
68.00
633.40
4,296.16
P'2,674.88
Piedad
Malinta
M&tEino -
D&mDol ----.
Imus
719.65
Total
107 63 91
2,260 13 58
11,349.96
13,375.68
3,294.63
355.60
Grand total brought forward from last monthly i
eport
Grand total
3,967 77 49
24,725.54
3, 660. 13
1
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
149
imciosure jno. 6. |
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended September SO^ 1905,
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
o
St
3-i-»
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
during
this
month.
San Francisco de Malabon.
Tala
138
ft. a. c.
6 7 27
100
ft. a. c.
179 14 77
37
44
59
335
49
168
2
ft. a. c.
37 16 00
45 47 50
51 24 75
324 97 25
774 67 35
498 20 19
123 01 47
199
30
42
257
74
103
141
P-1,564.40
312. 56
361.52
1,978.88
3,378.12
3,459.92
2,472.56
P-1,299.57
Piedad
4
42
68
5
129
42 50
6 83 25
17 78 89
1 34 34
20 81 06
Malinta
1.80
Dampol
Guiguinto
Imus
135
326 3 00
739.66
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amoimt
due an-
nually from
all con-
tracts ex-
ecuted dur-
ing this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Francisco de Malabon
ft. a. c.
221 38 04
45 47 50
51 67 25
331 80 50
792 46 24
499 54 53
469 85 53
ri,564.40
312. 66
361.52
1,978.88
3,378.12
3,459.92
2,472.56
n, 299. 67
Tala
Piedad
Malinta .. .
1.80
Darapol
Guiguinto . . ...
Imus
739.66
Total
2,412 19 59
3, 967 77 49
13,527.96
24,725.54
2,041.03
Grand total brought forward from last monthly report
• 2,600.63
Grand total
6,379 97 08
38,253.50
4,641.66
o F3,650.13, less !P1,049.60, difference between amounts received in Manila office and amounts shown on
abstract of clerks in charge of estate, as explained in letter dated October 4, 1905, herewith.
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Public Lands,
Manila^ October 4y 1905.
The Secretary of the Interior,
Manila J P. I.
Sir: I have the honor to invite your attention to the note on my September
friar lands report (B. P. L. Form No. 29), concerning the change in the amount of
collections.
In all of these reports prior to this September report I have been reporting the
amounts of money collected by the clerks in charge of the estates, as taken from their
monthly abstracts of collections. These differ from the amounts of money received
in this office from the clerks, inasmuch as the last remittance made by each clerk in
each month is on the 24th, hence these abstracts show collections made during the
remaining six or seven days, which have not been remitted, but which they remit
during the next month.
These abstracts are sometimes slow in coming in, and occasionally have to be
returned for correction, and this, if I report the amounts collected by the clerks,
delays my report on Form No. 29, and hence hereafter it is my purpose to report the
amounts received in this office during the month. The change is made beginning
with the report for September, 1905, which is herewith submitted, and in order to
make it balance with the books of thisoffice, which show the amount of money received
in this office, instead of with the clerks' abstracts, credit is noted for the difference.
Very respectfiflly,
Will M. Tipton,
Chief Bureau of Public Land$,
150
ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
.Inclosure No. 6.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended September SO, 1906,
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town
lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
No.
659
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Francisco de Malabon.
Tala
ft. a. c.
42 84 03
498
ft. a. c.
834 99 13
170
124
119
445
1
62
168
ft. a. c.
180 14 60
121 43 25
134 17 75
498 74 50
11 80 00
877 73 61
498 20 19
802
83
77
325
1
160
103
376
F7,606.56
744. 64
832. 00
2,974.96
68.00
4,011.52
3,459.92
6, 768. 72
P"3,738.46
Piedad
4
51
42 50
8 47 00
Malinta ..
1.80
Matamo
162
330
42 56 28
1 34 34
58 55 19
Guiguinto.
Imus..
374
912 91 60
4 1 126 01 47
901. 30
Estate.
San Francisco de Malal^on
Tala
Piedad -
Malinta
Matamo
Dampol
Guiguinto
Imus
Total
Grand total brought forward from last quarterly report
Grand total
Total area
contracted
for
during
this
quarter.
1,057 97 76
121 43 25
134 60 25
507 21 50
11 80 00
920 29 89
499 54 53
1,097 48 26
4, 350 35 44
2,029 61 64
6,379 97 08
Total
amount
due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during
this
quarter.
r7,606.56
744. 64
' 832. 00
2,974.96
68.00
4,011.62
3,459.92
6,768.72
26,466.32
11,787.18
38, 253. 50
Total
amount
collected
this
quarter.
r3,738.46
901. 30
4,641.56
[Inclosure No. 7.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended October SI, 1905.
Toinporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Francisco de Malabon.
Binaebac
48
125
ft. a. c.
3 60 84
5 52 32
21
ft. n. c.
24 .51 25
6
268
89
129
282
1
6
24
3
ft. a. c.
2 57 65
139 11 6S
81 00 50
110 59 00
248 79 25
87 42 00
8 90 15
98 54 04
2 08 24
54
160
71
99
215
1
134
11
152
r294. 88
611. 16
548. 00
749. 24
1,523.84
349. 68
229. 80
556. 52
2, 420. 89
n,251.72
'Pala
Piedad
3
12
27 50
1 81 25
Malinta
San Marcos
Damnol
laj
133
21 55 82
1 15 32
20 79 19
Imus. .
165
348 42 54
648. 9i
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 151
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended October 31, 1905 — Con.
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this
month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts
executed
during this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Francisco de Malabon
h. a. c.
30 69 74
144 64 00
81 00 50
116 86 50
250 60 50
87 42 00
30 45 97
99 69 36
371 29 97
P-294. 88
611. 16
548. 00
749. 24
1,523.84
349. 68
229. 80
556. 52
2,426.80
1^1,251.72
Binagbag
Tala - . .
Piedad
Malinta
San Marcos
Dampol
Guiguinto... ... . . .
Imus
648. 01
Total
1,212 68 54
6, 379 97 08
7,289.92
38,253.50
1,900.63
4,641.56
Grand total brought forward from last Tiionthly report
Grand total
7, 592 65 62
45,543.42
6,542.19
[Inclosure No. 8.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended November 30, 1905.
To
Temporary leases.
Estate.
wn lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month
Xo.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag . .
25
11
h. a. c.
2 94 31
66 56
9
h. a. c.
12 10 00
7
40
34
36
141
147
ft. a. c.
5 78 00
21 17 76
37 48 75
28 59 00
206 21 92
113 05 75
36
24
25
29
217
115
nso. 56
86.40
237. 12
184. 16
723. 50
735. 52
PI, 386. 99
Tala. . . . :
109. 06
Piedad...
2
228
6
17 50
19 13 28
1 55 00
94.62
Muntinlupa
40
52 34 80
Malinta
380. 70
San Marcos o
Matamo «
Dampol
11
1 85 79
1
23
i 42 60
89 55 04
12
10
134
21.80
577. 36
1, 536. 00
Guiguinto
Imus . .
120
13 59 66
132
225 78 30
1 750 40
Estate.
San Francisco de Malabon
Binagbag
Tala. ..:
Piedad '.
Muntinlupa
Malinta _
Dampol
< i uiguinto
Imus
Total
Grand total brought forward from last monthly report
Grand total
a All leased.
Total area
contracted
for during
this
month.
h. a. c.
20 82 31
21 84 32
37 48 75
28 76 50
277 70 00
115 20 75
3 28 39
89 55 04
239 37 96
834 04 02
7, 592 65 62
1, 426 69 64
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts
executed
during this
month.
P-180. 56
86.40
237. 12
184. 16
723. 50
735. 52
21. 80
577. 36
1,536.00
4, 282. 42
45, 543. 42
49, 825. 84
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
PI, 386. 99
109. 06
94.62
380. 70
'i,^ 750." 40
3, 721. 77
6,542.19
10,263.96
152
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 9.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended January 31, 1906,
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Tow^n lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose a
h. 0. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
Isabela &
San Francisco de MaJabon.
Binagbas: c
16
26 50
19
27 14 00
4
31 4 00
25
r415. 12
ri,875.17
Tala. ... -
31
5
8
3 21 53
38 16
1 88 42
15
14
90
27 22 90
30 40 60
137 48 99
36
14
72
186. 24
160. 32
723. 44
230 14
Piedad
242 76
Malinta
591.62
San Marcos d
174. 84
Matamo d
34.00
Dampol
1
8 12
1
8
i 7 72
29 88 81
2
8
5.52
191. 92
733 30
Guiguinto
2,274.56
Banilad «
Talisay-Manglanilla
2
444
94
64
3 62 80
517 48 44
294 60 96
173 99 97
4
67
9
86
6
1
27 98
85 60 81
18 47 23
419 56 77
14 64 60
60 00
3
604
82
211
5
32
17.68
4, 694. 75
3,137.52
5,498.96
71.20
1,181.20
Imus
585
82
195
67 11 31
8 86 26
13 19 33
823. 62
Bifian... .
Calamba
53 42
Lolomboy
Naic
13
52 73
50
116 33 37
295.30
Orion «
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
82
3 33 50
78
179 33 00
9
1
15
11 72 00
1 20 00
282 9 27
86
1
71
1,547.44
7.20
4,867.92
484. 10
Santa Rosa
59
8 42 05
107
385 54 26
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
Progress of surveys to
January 31, 1906.
San Jose a
h. a. c.
Completed.
Begun.
7 per cent completed.
Begun.
Isabela & ...
San Francisco de Malabon
58 44 50
r415. 12
n, 875. 17
Binagbag c , , . .
Tala
30 44 43
30 78 76
139 37 41
186. 24
160.32
723.44
230. 14
242. 76
591. 62
174. 84
34.00
733. 30
2,274.66
Piedad
Malinta
Do.
San Marcos <*
Completed.
90 per cent completed.
Completed.
25 per cent completed.
Matamo d,
Dampol. - »
1 15 84
29 88 81
6.52
191. 92
Guiguinto
Banilad <
Talislay-Manglanilla
3 90 78
670 10 56
321 94 45
606 76 7
14 64 60
117 46 10
17.68
4, 694. 75
3, 137. 52
5, 498. 96
71.20
1, 181. 20
Imus
823. 62
4.8 per cent completed.
Begun.
Do.
Blflan
Calamba
63. 42
Lolomboy
5 per cent completed.
Begun.
Do.
Naic
295.30
Orion «
Santa Cruz de Malabon
194 38 50
1 20 00
676 5 58
1,547.44
7.20
4,867.92
484. 10
Do.
Santa Maria de Pandi
Do.
Santa Rosa. . ..•
Do.
Total
2,896 56 39
9,500 55 42
22, 706. 43
58, 128. 82
7,812.83
/ 13, 232. 84
Grand total brought forw
monthly report.
ard f]
rom last
Grand total.
12,397 11 SI
80- JW.'i- S.*!
21,045.67
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month,
ft Some leases made but not received.
c Practically all leased.
d All leased.
« Some leases made but not received .
/Reports for July, August, September, Octpber, November, and Decen^ber, 1905, per correction sheet
9ttti\che^,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
153
Total collections hy months, showing corrected amounts,
[Correction sheet to accompany monthly report for January.]
Estate.
July.
August.
Septem-
ber.
October.
Novem-
ber.
Decem-
ber.
Total.
San Francisco de Malabon
Imus
P355. 60
F2,574.98
719. 80
F895. 22
212. 02
1.80
n,565.55
1,165.79
182. 70
88. 46
59.22
ri,228.74
1,516.41
358. 06
38. 86
57. 92
r964. 29
599. 20
387. 74
64.84
48.26
147. 38
P7,58138
4, 213. 22
930. 30
Malinta
Tala
192 16
Piedad
165. 40
Santa Cruz de Malabon
147. 38
Total
355. 60
3, 294. 78
1,109.04 3.061.7'?
3, 199. 99
2, 211. 71
13,232.84
July F355. 60
Aus^ust 3, 294. 78
September 1, 109. 04
October 3', 061. 72
Novem ber 3, 199. 99
December 2, 211. 71
13, 232. 84
[Inclosure No. 10.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended February S8, 1906.
Tempora
•y leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose a
h, a. c.
h. a. c.
h, a. c.
If 200 00
Isabela
28
19
32 80 00
81 32 00
27
58
P541. 00
630. OO
San Francisco de Malabon . . .
BinasbasT b .
51
3 46 82
2
44 00
3, 114. 62
302 66
Tala
17
2
2
1 28 17
19 20
24 00
8
17
20
16 35 60
28 84 80
30 7 91
• 22
18
20
89.20
149.28
153. 12
165 20
Piedad...
333 92
Malinta
571 04
San Marcosc
Matamo c
Dampol...
1
12
2
135
29
89
120
96
84
96
10
64
21 00
4 1 8
9 28
12 79 00
2 2 67
() 1 49
13 67 68
14 96 99
5 46 14
6 60 79
1 28 40
4 95 35
1
13
19
147
30
107
206
118
95
108
59
95
2.12
312. 84
100. 88
551. 76
1,612.48
3. 155. 32
2,542.48
6,510.56
1,775.12
1,868.00
1,188.47
6,030,96
1 354 34
Guiguinto
19
38
9
3
37
408
15
28
6
141
8
44 66 73
23 96 8
10 14 92
48 4 29
269 27 92
343 84 14
30 71 27
82 27 95
3 8 00
206 80 20
82 50 23
' 381. 82
Talisav-Manglanilla
15
59
41
15
2 63 79
63 57 7
145 1 77
53 83 55
Imus."
1,750.76
Binan . .
1 196 62
Calamba
789. 94
Lolomboy
51 38
Naic
199
78
94
510 68 9
133 90 46
234 74 67
1,829.22
Orion
210 06
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Fandi
384. 00
Santa Rosa
177
572 38 45
1,354.00
a No tenants
6 Practically
c All leased.
82278°— H. Kept
^affe^
-.225
ing privilt
ised.
)9, 61-3-
igegr
1
inted at 20
4
cents
per head p
sr men
th.
154
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended February 28, 1906—
Continued.
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
Progress of surveys to
February 28, 1906.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Joseo
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag b
Tala
Piedad
Malinta
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampol
Gulguinto
Talisay-ManglanilJa
Imus ,
Bifian
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic ,
Orion....
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi ,
Santa Rosa
??. a. c.
32 80 00
85 22 82
P541. 00
630. 00
17 63 77
29 4 00
30 31 91
89.20
149. 28
153. 12
Completed
Begun
8.1 per cent completed
Begun
P'200.00
21 00
48 67 81
26 69 15
86 60 99
195 8 73
329 12 96
357 51 82
556 36 35
221 64 55
244 43 46
208 8 60
659 84 3
2.12
312. 84
100.88
551. 76
1,612.48
3, 155. 32
2, 542. 48
6, 510. 56
1,775.12
1,868.00
1,188.47
6,030.96
1 per cent completed. ,
Completed.
do
do
50 per cent completed.
3, 114. 62
302. 66
165. 20
333. 92
571. 04
1,354.34
381. 82
5 per cent completed.
Begun
do
5 per cent completed.
1,750.76
1, 196. 62
789. 94
51.38
1,829.22
210.06
384.00
Begun.
1,354.00
Total
Grand total brought forward from last
monthly report.
3, 129 21 95
'^12,317 67 37
27,213.59
d 80, 299. 21
13,989.58
21,045.67
Grand total 15,446 89 32
107,512.80 35.035.25
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically all leased.
c All leased".
d Amount corrected on account of canceled leases.
List of canceled leases — February. (^
No.
Estate.
Total area.
Annual
rental con-
tracted.
1101
San Francisco de Malabon
Ti. a. c.
1 90 00
3 00 00
6 88 07
11 13 26
3 89 12
9 96 81
7 71 71
3 34 40
26 90 63
4 70 44
^•29. 04
111
Santa Cruz de Malabon .
24 00
167
Dampol
27 84
271
do
45.12
30
Santa Rosa
29 76
43
do
102 32
55
do
80 08
51
Guiguinto
13 40
116
do
152 64
76
Calamba
31 84
Total
79 44 44
536 04
o Amounts deducted from totals appearing on last monthly report.
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
155
[Inclosure No. 11.}
Friar lands memorandum of progress to March 1, 1906.
Name of estate.
San Francisco de Malabon..
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Imus
Naic
Guiguinto
Dampol
Matamo
San Marcos
Binagbag
Lolomboy
Pandi
Malinta
Tala
Piedad
Binan
Santa Rosa
Muntinlupa
Banilad
Talisay
Calaraba
Orion
Isabela
San Jose
Total
Less canceled leases .
Net.
Total area.
Number
of tempo-
rary
449.00
795.00
243.00
624.00
945. 68
928. 93
11.80
87.42
294. 75
177.49
342.00
574. 00
696.00
860.00
659.00
470.00
827.00
925.00
020.00
673.00
916.00
891.00
485.00
1,379
492
1,899
178
175
319
1
1
184
329
167
901
328
309
296
411
308
4
74
542
276
27
8,600
Per cent
of area
occupied.
(&)
45
30
40
35
85
95
100
100
Per cent
of area
leased.
21.7
8.5
18.9
8
87.6
100
100
100
56.5
7.2
2
33.5
4.7
10.2
16.2
25.3
11.2
.2
.4
7
24.2
.2
Per cent
of area
surveyed.
50
100
100
100
50
5
(a)
(a)
(a)
100
Annual
income
con-
tracted for.
$16,976.46
6,731.04
21,219.31
7,691.78
5,324.88
4,337.68
68.00
349. 68
697.56
2,613.68
1,195.67
7,120.06
2,004.48
2,420.36
5,529.60
11,411.60
855.42
16.80
133.52
8,835.16
1,775.12
541.00
108,048.84
536.04
107,512.80
a Begun.
c No occupants.
6 No report.
[Inclosure No. 12.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended June 30, 1906.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose a
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
F190.00
Isabela
22
20 75 00
21
r207. 52
San Francisco de Malabon
832. 71
Binafifbaerft
Tala.
1
2
1
19 20
14 40
14 80
9
4
2
5
13 51 20
8 40 00
1 00 00
5 54 40
9
6
2
3
45.60
41.28
2.76
18.08
142.70
Piedad ...
232. 78
Muntinlupa
38.56
Malinta..
546. 14
San Marcos c
174. 84
Matamo.
34.00
Dampol... . .
1
1
77
768
12
2
22
130
10
1
25 90
38 40
160 64 1
344 10 90
11 68 33
11 7 00
138 52 38
60 3 00
16 52 88
69 6
1
1
95
463
186
391
66
130
53
3
85
655
242
1.20
1.56
1,019.92
2,909.82
752. 00
772. 88
1,899.78
393. 92
355.68
8.48
229. 68
5,091.00
1,333.20
1,331.58
Guiguinto
2,509.00
Banilad.
52
208
163
388
44
50
42
2
83
291
224
2 63 94
8 62 90
13 96 70
25 21 29
2 4 43
2 73 00
4 4 43
2 40
1 98 85
12 15 00
13 40 56
21
346
53
14
28
38 51 60
82 50 22
92 81 89
22 3 42
119 53 39
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus . .
2,305.69
Binan
954. 22
Calamba
1,278.32
Lolombov .
1,908.00
Naic...
13
18 81 7
1,135.79
Orion
275. 50
Santa Cruz de Malabon
9
22 18 60
2,025.30
Santa Maria de Pandi
895
5
995 95 60
37 67 51
2,217.40
Santa Rosa.
40
93 82 33
2, 173. 46
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month,
b Practically all leased,
c All leased.
156 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended June 30, 1906 — Con.
Estate.
San Jose
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbaga
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos b
Matamo
Dampol
Guiguinto
Banilad
Tallsay-Manglanilla .
Imus
Binan .
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon .
Santa Maria de Pandi. . .
Santa Rosa
Total
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report.
Grand total
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
20 75 00
13 70 40
8 54 40
1 14 80
5 54 40
25 90
38 40
201 79 55
435 24 2
118 46 92
58 31 71
260 10 20
62 76 00
39 38 38
71 46
24 17 45
1,008 10 60
144 90 40
2, 404 29 99
c27,220 88 29
29,625 18 28
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
P207. 52
45.60
41.28
2.76
18.08
1.20
1.56
1,019.92
2,909.82
752. 00
772. 88
1,899.78
393. 92
355. 68
8.48
229. 68
5,091.00
1,333.20
Progress of survey to
July 1, 1906.
15,084.36
dl90,801. 11
205,885.47
Completed
60 per cent completed .
16.8 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed
No work done
do
do
4.8 per cent completed .
Completed
[[[[do'." '."'."'."'..
do
No work done
do
13.9 per cent com-
pleted.
29.8 per cent com-
pleted.
5.1 per cent completed.
5 per cent completed . .
No work done
do
do
0.8 per cent completed .
17.6 per cent com-
pleted.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
F190. 00
"'832.' 7i
142.70
232. 78
38.56
546. 14
174. 84
34,00
1,331.58
2,509.00
2,305.69
954. 22
1,278.32
1,908.00
1, 135. 79
275. 50
2,025.30
2,217.40
2,173.46
20,305.99
«78,355.31
98,661.30
a Practically all leased.
b All leased.
c Amount corrected per list; canceled leases attached.
d Amount corrected per list; canceled leases attached.
<5 Adjusted balance: Errors corrected and refunds deducted.
List of canceled leases, month of June^ 1906.
No.
Estates.
Total area.
Annual
rental con-
tracted for.
195
Calamba
h. a. c.
2 27 40
2 40 00
9 60
62 50
1 90 96
7 22 41
3 90 00
1 95 66
1 58 12
33 52
11 47 20
5 56 80
F13.68
309
Piedad
4.80
338
do
.88
506
Malinta
5.69
834
do...
9.52
144
Naic
64.24
310
do
39.68
6
Talisay
6.88
83
do
12.80
194
Banilad ... .
0 1.36
303
Pandi
91.76
304
.do.
43.28
Total
39 34 17
294. 48
Error in list of leases canceled during the month of March No. 294 annual
rental reported as F0.80 instead of TO.SS
.08
Corrected total
39 34 17
294. 56
a See statement for July, 1906.
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
157
[Inclosure No. 13.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended July 31, 1906.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigate
d farms,
rea.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
A
San Jose a,
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
F170. 00
San Francisco de Mala-
bon
1
1 97
1
7
5
F0.80
112. 48
122.00
230. 04
Tala
10
9
21 56 00
21 36 00
172. 08
Piedad
145. 52
Muntinlupa
.76
Malinta... .
1
39 43. 11
28
82 13 20. 25
12
401. 28
551 82
Dampol
532. 46
Guiguinto
458. 82
Banilad
42
239
32
110
5
4
1
2 27 18
12 59 41
2 24 96
6 30 86
31 56
30 00
1 60
23
509
17
10
22 10 16
94 37 99
30 48 36
18 26 98
47
897
12
41 16 73
320 1 24
26 3 60
75
723
44
110
23
16
1
3
18
21
62
374. 96
3,081.76
266. 72
295. 92
1,873.36
86.32
1,440.80
40.08
15.20
142. 24
376.88
Talisay-Manglanilla . . .
Imus
1,373.91
512 32
Binan
Calamba
20
18
48 81 19
13 72 80
697. 06
Lolomboy
925 94
Naic
1,244.46
Orion
1
12 48
3
9 67 98
357 62
Santa Cruz de Malabon
19
6
64
27 57
22 20
3 68 61
612. 10
Santa Maria de Pandi .
23
2
30 96 60
34 89 84
1, 204. 60
Santa Rosa
4
16 66 47
2, 150. 90
Estate.
Total area con-
tracted for dur-
ing this month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
Progress of surveys to
July 31, 1906.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Jose o .
h. a. c.
Comple
80 per c
ted
F170. 00
Isabela ^ ! 1
ent comnleted-
San Francisco de Malab
Binagbagft
on
1 97
ro.80
19.2 per cent comnletedl
230. 04
Comple
No wor
do.
... .do.
ted 1
Tala ..
21 56 00
21 36 00
112. 48
122. 00
kdont
172.08
Piedad
145 52
Muntinlupa
.76
Malinta
82 52 63. 30
461. 28
6.2 per cent comDleted. 1
551. 82
San Marcos c.
Comple
ted
Matamo c
Dampol..
1
. .do
532. 46
Guiguinto
do
458. 82
Banilad.
65 54 7
426 98 64
58 76 92
24 57 84
49 12 75
14 2 80
1 60
9 80 46
27 55
31 18 80
55 24 92
374. 96
3,081.76
266. 72
295. 92
1,873.36
86. 32
1,440.80
40.08
15.20
142. 24
376.88
No work done
Talisay-Manglanilla
do.
15.3 per
Imus
rpnt oom-nlptpsd
1,373.91
Binan
32.1 per cent completed
5.9 per cent completed.
5 per cent completed . .
No work done
2.5 per cent completed.
No work done
2.2 per cent completed.
21.1 per cent completed
512. 32
Calamba .
697.06
Lolomboy
925. 94
Naic . . .
1,244.46
357. 62
Orion....
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi. .
612. 10
1,204.60
Santa Rosa
2, 150. 90
Total
861 2 95. 36
d 29, 206 65 17
8, 690. 80
i204, 145. 39
11,340.41
Orand total brought forward from last
monthly report.
98,661.30
Grand total . .
30.067 68 12.36
212, 836. 19
110,001.71
!
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list canceled leases herewith attached.
158 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of July, 1906.
Estate.
Lease Nos.
Total
area.
Total
rental
deducted.
Banilad
1,475
h. a. c.
3 30 00
14 83 55
309 09 99
86 40
43 01 25
18 44 69
8 91 00
9 79 50
10 60 25
^^26. 80
Calamba . .
677
114.88
Tmus .... _.,.,.-.- , .
22, 134, 149, 193, 200, 202, 211, 214,
227,498,1649,2443.
182
986. 48
Lolomboy
6.16
Malinta
3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 20, 22, 25, 35,
37.
25,146,507.. .
262. 00
Naic .
185. 84
Pandi . . . .
494
35.92
Piedad
4.13,16,21 -
65.92
Tala
11, 15, 28, 36, 37, 39
57.44
Total
418 86 63
33 52
1, 741. 44
1.36
Lease No. 194, Banilad estate, erroneously re-
ported as canceled during month of June, 1906.
,
Corrected total
418 53 11
1,740.08
[Inclosure No. 14.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended August ,
1906.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
To
No.
wn lots.
Area.
h. a. c.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
during
this
month.
San Jose a
F180. 00
Isabela
40
34 76 00
3
2 00 00
21
P183. 92
ft 897. 00
San Francisco de Mala-
bon
101.68
Binagbag c
271.00
Tala
27
16
47 45 80
38 69 70
20
9
229. 68
215.76
87.94
Piedad
1
4 80
70.64
Muntinlupa ....
Malinta
18
6 2 35
100
193 12 94.53
72
1,153.92
599. 68
San Marcos <^
Matamod J
Dampol . i
90.74
Guiguinto
1
16
45
13
33
12
16
7
7 20
56 81
2 31 48
65 09
2 21 72
76 21
56 40
65 27
1
27
135
18
35
55
33
12
1.20
40.56
525.52
531. 64
215. 92
240. 34
74.88
183.04
56.94
Banilad ]..
2
73
4
3
4 20
21 00 88
7 32 38
5 29 91
12
135
3 95 56
.^3 17 82
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
I 1 50 00
1,661.36
Binan
5
58
22
5
28 80 74
32 83 43
11 88 00
35 75 62
2,005,82
Calamba ..
1,143.54
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion. ..
1,326.22
1
10 00 00
1,447.22
504. 84
Santa Cruz de Malabon
5
18
59
5 85
61 80
4 63 75
1
2 20 00
5
57
64
21.60
353. 92
192. 04
366. 20
Santa Maria de Pandi
61 1 71 18 40
1 1 1 44 39
2, 976. 24
Santa Kosa
7
10 33 80
2,324.80
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Amount reported too late for July reports.
c Practically all leased.
d All leased.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
159
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended August 31, 1906 —
Continued.
Estate.
Total area
contracted for
during this
month.
Total
amount due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this month.
Progress of surveys to
August 31, 1906.
San Joseo
h. a. c.
F180.00
b 897. 00
101.08
271.00
87.94
70.64
Complete.
80 per cent complete.
23.5 per cent complete.
Complete.
No survey.
Do.
Isabela
36 76 00
P183. 92
San Francisco de Malabon
Tala
47 45 80
38 74 50
229. 68
215.76
Piedad
Muntinlupa. . .
Do.
Malinta
i99 ih 29.53
1,153.92
599. 68
12.5 per cent complete.
Complete.
San Marcosd
Matamod
Dampol
90.74
56.94
Do.
Guiguinto. . . . . .
7 20
4 56 57
76 50 18
9 47 47
36 32 37
33 59 64
12 44 40
46 40 89
1.20
40.56
525.52
531.64
215.92
240. 34
74.88
183.04
Do.
Banilad
Begun.
No survey.
19 per cent complete.
41.7 per cent complete.
6.1 per cent complete.
8.2 per cent complete.
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
1,661.36
2,005.82
1,143.54
1,326.22
1,447.22
604. 84
366. 20
2,976.24
2,324.80
Binan
Calamba . . . ...
Lolomboy
Naic
Begun.
35.1 per cent complete.
No survey.
Orion ...
Santa Cruz de Malabon
2 25 85
71 80 20
16 41 94
21.60
353. 92
192. 04
Santa Maria de Pandi
3.3 per cent complete.
21.1 per cent complete.
Santa Rosa
Total
631 98 30. 53
29,878 55 70.36
4, 163. 94
211,715.63
16,111.86
110,001.71
Grand total brought forward
from last monthly report c. . .
Grand total
30,510 54 00.89
215,879.57
126,113.57
a No tenants, grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Amount reported too late for July reports.
c Practically all leased.
d All leased.
« Amount corrected per list canceled and expired leases herewith attached.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of August, 1906.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Total rental
deducted.
Banilad
537, 591
h. a. c.
7 52 08
3 00 00
17 26 83
100 06 00
62
19 27 50
7 50 81
25 62 50
8 86 08
T32. 64
Calamba . .
1117. .
18.00
Dampol
78, 114, 228, 229, 250
72.48
Malinta
1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, 30, 31, 32, 34, 38,
41, 42, 44, 46, 49, 50, 52, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65,
66,74,75,88,89,90,94,96,98,100,107,109,112,
113, 118, 120, 125, 131, 136, 152, 156, 162, 163,
164, 168, 169, 198, 251, 414, 428.
587. 60
Naic
.80
Piedad
11,18,23,24,35,36
112. 88
Santa Rosa
461
75.12
Tala
1, 7, 8, 12, 19, 24, 25, 27, 32, 34, 35, 41, 43, 48, 49,
50,54,55,56,165,179.
121, 1132, 1347, 1403, 1523
136.72
Talisay
84.32
Total
189 12 42
1,120.56
160
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 15.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended September 30, 1906.
Temporary leases
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
x\0.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose <i
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
nso. 00
Isahela
7
6 72
2
r33. 64
San Francisco de Malabon
743.86
Binagbag ^ . .
.30
Tala
14
19
16 82 40
39 48 00
9
11
122.64
229. 52
78.18
Piedad
2
33 GO
283. 16
Muntinlupa
169.09
Malinta 12
4 57 04. 17
150
356 CO 44
106
1,946.72
642. 34
San Marcos « '
Matamo ^
Dampol ^
27.08
Guiguinto
3.22
Banilad
15
30
34
2 23 71 2
5 39 95 40
2 36 59 12
2 33 40
8 07 70
12 52 29
6
93
13 74 21
44 62 71
3 50
17
101
37
221.68
533.04
116.16
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imu3
2, 253. 33
Binan
2,318.96
980. 24
Calamba
15
3
14
1 38 15 ! 1
1 92 64
48
5
17 08 95
2 20 80
50
8
12
173.16
19.44
64.96
Lolomboy. . . .
39 60
72 44
889. 50
Naic
2
4 77 51
1,136.58
Orion .
284. 38
Santa Cruz de Malabon
1
4 50
1
6
1
45.04
12.80
36.08
1,393.00
Santa Maria de Pandi.
4
20 40
2
1
2 78 40
12 2 25
659. 46
Santa Rosa
1,972.49
Estate.
San Jose «
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag b
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos e
Matamo e
Dampol
Guiguinto
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Biaan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Total
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report./
Grand total
Total area con-
tracted for dur-
ing this month.
6 72 00
16 82 40
39 81 60
361 18 08. 17
18 31 32
58 10 36
18 38 88
20 39 74
2 ()0 40
5 49 95
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
r33. 64
122. 64
229. 52
1,946.72
221.68
533.04
116. 16
173. 16
19.44
64. 96
4 50 00
2 98 80
12 2 25
567 35 78.17
30,191 37 31.89
30, 758 73 10. 06
45. 04
12.80
36.08
3, 554. 88
213,953.09
217,507.97
Total
amount
collected
this month.
P180. 00
743. 86
.30
C78.18
283. 16
169.09
d 642. 34
27.08
3.22
2,253.33
2,318.96
980.24
889.50
1, 136. 58
284. 38
1,393.00
659.46
1, 972. 49
14,015.17
126, 113. 57
Surveys' progress
to September 30,
1900.
Completed.
80 per cent.
27.7 per cent.
Completed.
No surveys.
Do.
Do.
15 per cent.
Completed.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Begun.
No surveys.
19.7 per cent.
58.7 per cent.
6.5 per cent.
8.2 per cent.
0.2 per cent.
76.2 per cent.
No surveys.
".4 per cent.
'.4 per cent.
24
a No tenants: grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically all leased.
c Refunds amounting to TZ0.74: deducted.
d Refunds amounting to P"13.02 deducted.
e All leased.
/ Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 161
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of September^ 1906.
Annual
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
rental
deducted.
h. a. c.
Banilad
509, 570, 577 .
21 58 72
29 94 52
2 20 68
F97. 44
Binan
38, 80, 143, 278
141.76
Dampol
30, 131, 220
12.44
Guiguinto
91
11 96 32
91.96
Malinta
9, 26, 27, 29, 33, 40, 54, 64, 68, 72, 77,78, 79, 80, 83,
92, 93, 101, 102, 115, 119, 121, 127, 133, 134,
184 09 50
1,061.36
145, 160, 170, 174, 176, 177, 178, 180, 185, 186,
188, 189, 190, 191, 199, 200, 201, 204, 217, 218,
220, 226, 229, 230, 236, 237, 239, 246, 248, 249,
262, 270, 275, 276, 277, 280, 282, 283, 289, 294,
296, 298, 300, 303, 304, 305, 308, 310, 316, 323,
330, 331, 332, 335, 338, 340, 344, 345, 353, 355,
364, 381, 383, 386, 389, 390, 405, 418, 432, 434,
441, 443, 444, 448, 449, 774, 776, 779.
Naic
176.
9 35 00
97.68
Piedad
27, 28, 37, 38, 56, 191, 208
12 25 00
6 60 00
23 40 84
81.92
Santa Cruz de Malabon
57.04
Santa Rosa
499, 554, 585, 873, 1,069
165. 44
Tala
9, 16, 17, 73, 83, 89, 162, 173. 185, 254, 275
17 58 07
117.68
Talisay
1571
21 44
1.76
Total
319 16 69
1,926.48
[Inclosure No. 10.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended September 30, 1906.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose o
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
P"530. 00
Isabela
47
41 48 00
3
2 00 00
23
1
P217. 56
.80
897 00
San Francisco de Ma-
labon
1
1 97
1,075.58
271. 30
Binagbae &
Tala ...
51
44
85 84 20
99 53 70
36
25
464. 80
567. 28
338 20
Piedad
3
38 40
499. 32
Muntinlupa
169.85
Malinta
31
10 99 42. 28
278
631 86 58. 78
m
3,561.92
1,793.84
San Marcosc
Matamoc
Dampol
650. 28
Guiguinto .
1
73
314
79
143
32
23
22
7 20
5 07 70
20 30 84
5 26 64
8 52 58
2 45 92
1 26 00
1 39 31
1
119
959
99
145
128
57
25
3
24
84
127
1.20
637. 20
4, 140. 32
914. 52
511. 84
2,286.86
180. 64
1,688.80
40.08
81.84
508. 96
605.00
518. 98
Banilad
27
622
33
13
1
24 47 76
123 46 57
50 33 03
23 56 89
1 92 64
65
1,125
16
5
126
45
5
3
58 86 50
417 81 77
31 03 60
28 80 74
98 73 57
27 81 60
35 75 62
9 67 98
Talisay-Manglanilla. .
Imus
5, 288. 60
4,837.10
2,820.84
3, 141. 66
Binan....
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic.
3
1
2
14 77 51
12 48
6 70 00
3 828 26
Orion....
1 146 84
Sta. Cruz de Malabon.
24
28
123
33 40
1 04 40
8 32 36
2,371.30
4,840.30
6, 448. 19
Sta. Maria dePandi...
86
4
104 93 40
48 36 48
Sta. Rosa...
11
27 00 27
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically afl leased,
c All leased.
162
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended September SO^ 1906 —
Continued.
Estate.
San Jose «
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon.
Binagbagb
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos «
Matamo«
Dampol
Guiguinto
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic...
Orion
Sta. Cruz de Malabon
Sta. Maria de Pandi
Sta. Rosa
Total ,
Grand total brought forward from last
quarterly report
Grand total of area contracted
for to date, on all estates
Surveys' progress to
September 30, 1906.
Completed
80 percent
27.7 per cent.
Completed
No surveys...
do
... do
15 percent
Completed
V.'.'.do.'.'.WW'.
do
Begun
No surveys...
19.7 percent. .
58.7 percent..
6.5 percent...
8.2 per cent...
0.2 per cent...
76.2 per cent..
No surveys...
4.4 per cent . .
24.4 per cent . .
Total area con-
tracted for dur-
ing this quarter.
Total
amount due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
quarter.
48 00
1 97
85
99
*642 86 01.06
1 84 20
I 92 10
60
103
29
51
9
7
105
7 20
41 96
59 18
63 27
90 21
12 13
07 60
92 44
80 46
03 40
97 80
69 11
2, 060 37 04. 06
/ 28, 698 36 06
30, 758 73 10. 06
Total
amount col-
lected this
quarter.
P217. 56
.80
464. 80
667. 28
3, 561. 92
1.20
637. 20
4,140.32
914. 52
511. 84
2, 286. 86
180. 64
1,688.80
40.08
81.84
508. 96
605. 00
16, 409. 62
/201,098.35
217, 507. 97
P530. 00
897. 00
1,075.58
271. 30
c 338. 20
499. 32
169. 85
d 1,793. 84
650. 28
518. 98
5, 288. 60
4,837.10
2,820.84
3,141.66
3,828.26
1,146.84
2,371.30
4,840.30
6, 448. 19
41, 467. 44
98,661.30
140,128.74
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
& Practically all leased.
c Refunds amounting to F"30.74, deducted.
d Refunds, amounting to F13.02, deducted.
e All leased.
/ Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
[Inclosure No. 17.]
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Manila^ October 15, 1906,
The Executive Secretary, Manila, P. I,
Sir: Herewith I have the honor to submit, for the consideration of the Philippine
Commission, a report in duplicate of the operations on the various friar estates during
the quarter ending September 30, 1906.
Very respectfully, C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
163
[Inclosure No. 18.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the months of July, August, and September, 1906
JULY
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Total
rental
deducted.
Banilad
1,475
U. a. c.
3 30 00
14 83 55
309 09 99
86 40
43 01 25
18 44 69
8 91 00
9 79 50
10 60 25
P=26. 80
Calamba
577
114 88
Imus
22, 134, 149, 193, 200, 202, 211, 214, 227, 498, 1649,
2443.
182
986. 48
Lolomboy
6.16
Malinta
3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 20, 22, 25, 35, 37
262 00
Naic
25, 146, 507
185. 84
Pandi
494
35 92
Piedad
4, 13, 16, 21
65.92
Tala
11, 15, 28, 36, 37, 39
57.44
Total.
418 86 63
33 52
1,741.44
1.36
Lease No. 194, Banilad estate,
erroneously reported as can-
celed during month of June,
1906.
Corrected total . .
418 53 11
1,740 08
AUGUST.
Banilad
537 , 591
li. a. c.
7 52 08
3 00 00
17 26 83
100 06 00
62
19 27 50
7 50 81
25 62 50
8 86 08
TS2. 64
Calamba
1117
18.00
Dampol
78, 114, 228, 229, 250
72.48
Malinta
1 ,2, 5, 6, 8, 14, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, 30. 31, 32, 34, 38,
41, 42, 44, 46, 49, 50, 52, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65,
66, 74, 75, 88, 89, 90, 94, 96, 98, 100, 107, 109, 112,
113, 118, 120, 125, 131, 136, 152, 156, 162, 163,
164, 168, 169, 198, 251, 414, 428.
271
587. 60
Naic
.80
Piedad
11, 18, 23, 24, 35, 36
112. 88
Santa Rosa
461
75.12
Tala
1, 7, 8, 12, 19, 24, 25, 27, 32, 34, 35, 41, 43, 48, 49,
50, 54, 55, 56, 165, 179.
121, 1132,1347, 1403, 1523
130. 72
Talisay
84.32
Total
189 12 42
1,120.56
SEPTEMBER.
h. a. c.
Banilad
509, 570, 577
21 58 72
29 94 52
F"97 44
Binan
38, 80. 143, 278
141.76
Dampol
30, 131, 220
2 20 68
12.44
Guiguinto
91
11 96 32
91 96
Malinta . .
9, 26, 27, 29, 33, 40, 54, 64, 68, 72, 77, 78, 79, 80, 88,
92, 93, 101, 102, 115, 119, 121, 127, 133, 134, 145,
184 09 50
1 061 36
160, 170, 174, 176, 177, 178, 180, 185, 186, 188,
189, 190, 191, 199, 200, 201, 204, 217, 218, 220,
226, 229, 230, 236, 237, 239, 246, 248, 249, 262,
270, 275, 276, 277, 280, 282, 283, 289, 294, 296,
298, 300, 303, 304, 305, 308, 310, 316, 323, 330,
331, 332, 335, 338, 340, 344, 345, 353, 355, 364,
381, 383, 386, 389, 390, 405, 418, 432, 434, 441,
443, 444, 448, 449, 774, 776, 779.
Naic
176-.-.... . ....
9 35 00
12 25 00
6 50 00
23 46 84
17 58 67
21 44
97 68
Piedad
27, 28, 37, 38, 56, 191, 208
81.92
Santa Cruz de Malabon . . .
57.04
Santa Rosa
499, 554, 585, 873, 1069
165. 44
Tala
9, 16, 17, 73, 83, 89, 162, 173, 185, 254, 275
157 1
117.68
Talisay
1.76
Total
319 16 69
1,926.48
164
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 19.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended October 31, 1906.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
No. : Area.
No.
Area.
during
this
month.
San Joseo
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
F180.00
San Francisco de Mala-
bon
301
44 00 01
136
404 57 38
1
54 30
283
F4,468.56
196. 64
Binae:baer t> . .
66.32
Tala
7
10
8
27
98 82
1 75 20
97 01
8 79 94. 45
78
126
14
229
i37 59 40
246 38 60
14 00 45
438 86 36. 50
65
92
18
183
863. 84
1,450.64
33.88
2,693.60
107. 64
Piedad
441.46
Muntinlupa
.
142.54
Malihta
491.84
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampol c
126. 82
Guiguinto c . . i . .
.60
Banilad
8 , 17 44
2
66
6
69 88
22 60 40
8 25 00
9
75
44
26
30
26
8
1
16.72
246.56
167. 20
105.04
435. 28
86.00
51.12
6.88
1,081.08
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
23
37
24
2
15
6
2 15 44
3 36 10
1 23 54
17 49
73 20
39 95
31
11
3
5 89 12
21 54 75
7 84 57
3,853.23
2,162.02
Binan
2,511.46
Calamba
47
19
2
1
76 28 61
8 71 20
13 00 32
1 70 40
2,034.16
Lolomboy
3,143.86
Naic
1
1 30 18
3,037.84
Orion
783.36
Santa Cruz de Malabon
753. 02
Santa Maria de Pandi
32
22
2 07 60
1 41 98
103
7
102 96 60
202 18 99
79
30
576. 64
885. 86
5,201.09
Santa Rosa
2
4 67 82
2, 419. 62
Estate-
Total area con-
tracted for
during this
month.
Total
amount
due an-
nually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
Progress of surveys to
Oct. 31, 1906.
San Jose "
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag b
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa. . .
Malinta
San Marcos c, .
h. a. c.
F4,468.56
138 58 22
248 13 80
14 97 46
447 66 30. 95
863. 84
1,450.64
33.88
2, 693. 60
ri80.00
196. 64
66. 32
107. 64
441.46
142. 54
491.84
Matamo c
Dampol c
Guiguinto <■
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla .
Imus
Binan
Calamba . . .
Lolomboy..
Naic
Orion
87 32
30 64 96
33 15 85
9 08 11
76 46 10
9 44 40
14 70 45
1 70 40
16.72
246.56
167. 20
105.04
435. 28
86.00
51.12
6.88
Santa Cruz de Malabon.
Santa Maria de Pandi . .
Santa Rosa
105 04 20
208 28 79
576. 64
885.86
126. 82
.60
1,081.08
3,853.23
2, 162. 02
2,511.46
2,034.16
3, 143. 86
3,037.84
783.36
753.02
6,201.09
2,419.62
Completed.
Completed 80.4 per
cent.
Completed 29.6 per
cent.
Completed.
No work done.
Do.
Do.
Completed 17.3 per
cent.
Completed.
Do!
Do.
Completed 5.8 per cent.
No work done.
Completed 23.2 per
cent.
Completed 68.7 per
cent.
Completed 6.5 per cent.
Completed 10 per cent.
Completed 0.06 per
cent.
Completed.
No work done.
Completed 5.8 per cent.
Completed 29 per cent .
Total
Grand total brought forward from last
monthly report.
Grand total
1,787 88 05.95
d29,996 69 31.48
12,087.82
^212,172.01
28, 734. 60
« 140, 101. 52
31,784 57 37.43
224,259.83
168,836.12
a No tenants; grazing
6 Practically all leasee
privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
« Corrected total, amounts refunded being deducted.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
165
[Inclosure No. 20.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of October, 1906.
Banilad .
Calamba
Malinta .
Naic...
Orion . .
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon.
Tala.
Talisay-Minglanilla .
No. of lease.
6,506,539.
558
4, 28, 45, 4i
117, 138,
167, 171,
209, 215,
243, 245,
269, 271,
295, 297,
319, 320,
343, 347,
371, 375,
400, 402,
422, 425,
471, 476,
519, 521,
562, 570,
671, 703,
778
S, 59, 69,
140, 142,
172, 181,
216, 222,
247, 252,
272, 273,
299, 301,
321, 325,
348, 349,
376, 382,
408, 410,
427, 429,
478, 484,
531, 534,
572, 576,
709, 715,
70, 71, 82, 85, 91, 97,
143, 150, 151, 154, 157,
182,192,193,195,197,
224,227,233,234,235,
255,256,260,261,266,
274,278,279,281,291,
306,309,311,312,313,
327,328,334,336,339,
351,354,360,361,363,
388,391,392,393,394,
411,412,415,416,417,
433,445,446,451,454,
486,487,489,491,492,
542,546,553,555,558,
594, 603, 608, 614, 620,
719,766,784.
, 99, 105.
159, 165,
205,206,
238,241,
267,268,
292,293,
314,318,
341, 342,
365,367,
396,397,
419,420,
455,465,
499,505,
560,561,
641, 650,
401.
1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12, 14, 17, 19, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 39,
41, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60,
61, 65, 66, 67, 68, 85, 95, 97, 100, 104, 105, 108,
109, 111, 112, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 128, 144, 145,
146, 156, 174, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 198, 204, 213,
214, 216, 260, 263, 270, 273, 275, 279, 280, 281, 282,
283
7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 54, 65, 58, 65, 66, 74, 88, 93, 96, 98,
105, 112, 130, 133, 134, 136, 170, 171, 172, 173,
174, 188, 189, 207, 209, 219, 220, 222, 223, 224,
225, 227, 229, 232, 238, 244, 247, 248, 249, 251, 256,
259, 262, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 298, 299, 302,
303, 305, 306, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314, 316, 320, 321,
326, 330, 333, 334, 335, 347,351, 354, 361, 364, 365,
370, 386, 387, 388, 389 , 392, 403, 404, 405, 413, 419,
430, 431, 433, 438, 439, 445, 446, 447, 453, 454, 455,
456, 457, 458, 459, 464, 466, 467, 468, 472, 475, 476,
478', 481, 482, 483, 485, 496, 501, 504, 508, 509, 510,
614, 519, 520, 522, 527, 530, 531, 537, 538, 639, 540,
644, 551, 553, 560, 661, 562, 563, 664, 669, 683, 597,
598, 599, 600, 601, 608, 629, 630, 631, 636, 643, 648,
651, 652, 653, 656, 657, 669, 670, 682, 687, 689, 705,
710, 720, 721 , 722, 723 , 731 , 735, 741 , 746, 756, 560,
764, 776, 777, 778, 785, 794, 795, 796, 800, 801, 803,
823, 824, 834, 835, 837, 855, 859, 860, 862, 869, 870.
876, 897, 906, 907, 908, 909, 923, 927, 931, 933, 940,
946, 947, 958, 963, 964, 970, 973, 975, 977, 979, 982,
992, 995, 996, 997, 1000, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1007,
1010, 1018, 1020, 1021, 1023, 1026, 1028, 1039,
1053, 1077, 1079, 1099, 1102, 1103, 1108, 1249,
1287, 1304, 1313, 1328, 1343, 1352, 1357, 1401,
1402, 1412, 1416, 1418.
2, 3, 6, 10, 13, 14, 18, 22, 26, 29, 31, 38, 40, 42, 46,
47, 57, 58, 61, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 77,
78, 79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 98, 104,
108, 110, 112, 118, 120, 121 , 123, 125, 126, 127, 129,
130, 131, 140, 149, 158, 164, 167, 170, 172, 176, 177,
178, 182, 214, 234, 235, 278, 279.
183, 1131
Total area.
h. a. c.
7 59 48
4 82
224 46 25
13 30 18
8 97 7
115 46 48
290 96 23.68
Annual
rental.
r60.88
4.80
1,409.52
94 81 57
6 41 70
762 03 78. 58
109. 04
35.92
700. 00
2,365.64
615.44
6,335.96
166
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 21.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended November 30, 1907.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
i
San Jose a
Ji. a. c. '
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
P'lSO 00
San Francisco de Maia-
166
25 92 12
61
160 3 22
134
PI, 870. 72
1,739-80
bon.
Binagbag &
Tala ...
105
69
7 2 79
6 91 25
64
142
2
241
100 1 20
232 8 20
4 00 00
284 14 34. 44
151
174
1
262
602. 40
1,231.52
8.00
1,654.08
168. 70
371. 16
39.78
692. 60
Piedad
1
1 20 00
Muntinlupa
Malinta
(■)6
7 58 3
5
12 4 80
San Marcos c
Matamoc
Dampol c
Guiguinto c
Banilad
2
13
35
2
2 16
56 00
3 99 28
9 43
2
26
21
38 88
6 65 8
64 86 6
2
63
3
3 35 44
21 77 44
19 50 00
6
74
44
2
26.40
227. 44
616. 56
2.40
495 72
Talisay-Manglaniila
Imus
1,061.74
2,045.12
1,765.96
2,366.62
1,313.28
3, 375. 22
258 46
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naie
49
1 92 37
2
23 00 00
2
100 12 15
50
430. 48
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon. .
3
8 00
4
17 00 00
5
138. 64
472 10
Santa Maria de Pandi
3, 190. 90
1,751.40
Santa Rosa
1
6 (J8
1
62 7 59
6
249. 52
Estate.
San Josea
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon. .
Bingagbag t>
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos c :
Matamo c
Dampolc
Guiguinto c
Banilad
Talisay-Manglaniila
Imus
Bifian
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naie
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Progress of surveys to
November 30, 1906.
Total
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report.
Grand total
Completed
85 per cent completed
31.2 per cent completed
Completed
No work done
do
do
21 .7 per cent completed
Completed
!!!"do;]]]]"';";;"
do
Begun
No work done
23.2 per cent completed
7().6 per cent completed
8.4 per cent completed .
13.9 per cent completed
3.3 per cent completed.
Completed
No work done
7.4 per cent completed.
34.5 per cent completed
Total area
contracted for
during this
month.
ft. a. c.
185 95 34
107 03 99
240 19 45
4 00 00
303 77 17. 44
3 76 48
28 98 52
88 35 34
9 43
. Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
PI, 870. 72
602. 40
1,231.52
8.00
1,654.08
26.40
227. 44
516. 56
2.40
125 4 62
17 8 00
62 14 27
1,166 42 51.44
d30, 082 15 29. 43
138.64
249. 52
6,958.16
d217, 298. 19
31, 848 57 80. 87 I 224, 256. 35
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
Tim 00
"i," 739* 80
168. 70
371. 16
39.78
692. 60
495. 72
1,061.74
2,045.12
1,765.96
2, 366. 62
1,313.28
3, 375. 22
258. 46
472. 10
3, 190. 90
1,701.40
21,238.66
168,836.12
190,074.68
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
h Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Inclosure No. 22.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of November, 1906.
167
Estate.
Banilad .
Binan . . .
Calamba
Imus
Malinta.
Naic...
Orion. .
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon.
Santa Maria de P
SantaRosa
andi .
No. of lease.
283, 408
169
11, 31, 8G, 91, 99, 108, 144, 155, 192, 250, 277, 307,
374, 389, 400, 488, 583, 587, GG4, 667, 682, 696,
704, 705, 708, 729, 757, 776, 1109, 1198, 1206, 1283.
105, 236, 280, 319, 358, 441, 446, 504, 566, 2990, 3166. .
15, 51, 76, 84, 95, 108, 110, 124, 126, 128, 129, 135,
141, 158, 166, 196, 211, 212, 213, 214, 219, 221,
231, 240, 244, 257, 258, 285, 287, 290, 307, 317,
322, 324, 333, 358, 359, 362, 369, 373, 399, 401,
403, 404, 406, 409, 413, 423, 424, 435, 436, 439,
447, 453, 458, 460, 462' 464, 466, 467, 468, 469,
472, 475, 477, 479, 480, 490, 495, 500, 502, 509,
510, 511, 516, 520, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527, 528,
529, 530, 535, 536, 544, 547, 556, 557, 565, 566,
568, 571, 573, 577, 578, 579, 580, 582, 584, 585,
587, 588, 592, 607, 610, 611, 612, 613, 629, 635,
639, 643, 655, 657, 660, 664, 667, 675, 676, 677,
678, 681, 684, 686, 687, ()93, 694, 699, 700, 701,
705, 710, 711, 714, 717, 718, 720, 722, 723, 734,
739, 742, 748, 752, 759, 760, 767, 773, 777, 788,
791, 795, 801, 807, 809, 819, 832, 854, 855, 856,
857, 858, 859, 860, 862, 863, 865, 866, 867, 868,
869, 870, 871, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879,
880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889,
890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899,
900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909,
910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919,
920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929,
930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939,
940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949,
950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959.
693
344 382
74, 77, 78, 80, 81,"88,' 89J 9l", lY6,"l 19,'i32,' i34* 138,
139, 150, 152, 157, 163, 165, 168, 172, 178, 180,
186, 187, 188, 190, 192, 194, 195, 207, 218, 219,
221, 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 234, 236, 237,
240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 248, 256, 257, 258, 259,
261, 276, 277, 278, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289,
290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 311,
312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321,
322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331,
332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 342,
343, 344, 345, 34(5, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352,
353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362,
363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372,
373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 384,
385, 386, 387, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396,
397, 398, 403, 404, 405, 40(5, 407, 408, 409, 410.
64, 73, 75, 80, 84, 87, 104, 108, 129, 177, 178, 181,
226, 228, 253, 270, 291, 302, 313, 344, 345, 355,
357, 368, 375, 376, 380, 391, 395, 398, 401, 420,
421, 424, 435, 437, 451, 465, 469, 470, 471, 474,
491, 493, 494, 497, 511, 512, 521, 523, 524, 525,
528, 533, 534, 535, 536, 572, 574, 575, 577, 588,
604, 606, 616, 622, 623, 625, 628, 632, 634, 642,
654, 655, 658, 668, 684, 690, 699, 702, 711, 718,
719, 730, 736, 742, 771, 773, 775, 782, 799, 805,
832, 833, 836, 843,, 846, 8.51, 852, 856, 858, 861,
872, 890, 904, 911, 914, 916, 918, 921, 948, 951,
953, 956, 980, 984, 998, 1009, 1011, 1017, 1032,
1060, 1097, 1100, 1104, 1107, 1153, 1215, 1301,
1329.
1630
467
Total area.
fi. a. c.
45 21 84
5 54 45
122 14 40
42 19 84
236 79 80
172 18 96
6 00 00
19 89 66
Annual
rental.
^186. 16
55.44
1,704.56
264.64
1,277.04
123
00
00
384.00
36
23
69
120. 96
207
47
60
1,027.52
1,350.96
39. GO
79.60
168 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of November, 1906 — Continued.
Estate.
No. of lease.
21, 51, 95, 97, 106, 107, 111, 113, 132, 133, 134, 135,
139, 141, 145, 150, 157, 159, 160, 161, 174, 175,
186, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197,
198, 199; 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208,
209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222,
223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 236,
237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246,
247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 253, 261, 266, 272, 274,
276, 277, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290,
291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310,
311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320,
321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330,
331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340,
341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350,
351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356.
148 . .
Total area.
h. a. c.
85 64 84
7 00
Annual
rental.
Tala
^470. 96
Talisay
80
Total
1,102 42 08
6, 961. 64
[Inclosure No. 23.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended December SI, 1906,
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated Unirrigated
farms. farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
No. Area.
No.
Area. No.
h. a. c. i
Area.
San JoseO'
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
P'540.00
San Francisco de
Malabon. .
739
Ill 10 ss
248
059 59 66 2
50 54 30
659
P"7,839.92
3,709.36
73 50
Binagbag &
Tala.
123
87
10
108
8 6 41
10 28 45
1 73 41
21 56 23. 44
203
351 48 8
624 72 00
20 75 45
1,158 45 37.87
259
328
26
591
2, 216. 40
3,601.70
50.00
6,955.20
350 14
Piedad
1
1 20 00
343
22
693
923 92
Muntinlupa .
196 84
Malinta..
5
12 4 80
1,603.78
San Marcos c
Matamo c
34 66
Dampol c
749. 62
Guiguinto c
2
24
155
15
4 97 46
70 72 60
52 79 80
34 2 00
2
31
180
109
62
95
56
90
4
13
266
47
39.84
348.08
550. 48
736.56
420.48
1,690.16
161. 12
553. 92
72.40
421.36
1,576.00
1,335.70
1 304 34
Banilad
18
45
86
54
37
21
87
5 77 9
36 51 53
8 63 64
3 22 66
3 53 64
93 60
4 43 68
4
57
38
12
18
1 5 94
13 49 39
91 00 6
35 22 15
53 71 91
2,002.98
5,665.19
5,501.80
5 704 36
Talisay-Manglanilla .
Imus
Binan
Calamba
78
54
10
4
157 67 20
18 94 20
119 48 2
18 6 80
5,491.50
4,757.34
7,747.80
1,156.88
1,324.46
9,652.37
5,151.68
L/olomboy
Naic
3
24 30 18
Orion
Sta. Cruz de Malabon.
7
117
36
66 00
5 71 2
1 30 45
15
51 41 00
Sta. Maria de Pandi. .
343
9
283 79 14
279 26 58
Santa Rosa
6
17 5 38
oNo tenants; grazing jprivilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically ail leased,
c All leased.
ADMIN ISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
169
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended December SI, 1906-
Continued.
Total
amount
due annu-
Total
Progress of surveying
to January 1, 1907.
Total area con-
ally from
all con-
amount
Estate.
tracted for dur-
collected
ing this quarter.
tracts exe-
this quar-
cuted dur-
ter.
ing this
quarter.
h. a. c.
San Jose «
Complete
F540. 00
Isabela
90 per cent complete . .
San Francisco de Malabon
34.2 per cent complete.
Complete
821 54 84
F7,839.92
3,709.36
Binagbae t>
73.50
Tala
No surveys
359 54 49
2,210.40
.350. 14
Piedad
.do
()36 20 45
22 48 86
3,601.70
50. 00
923. 92
Muntinlupa
do
196.84
Malinta.
21.7 per cent complete.
Complete .
1,192 6 41.31
6,955.20
1 , 603. 78
San Marcos <^
Matamo c . .
do
34.00
Dampolc
do ...
749. 62
Guiguinto c
do
4 97 46
72 55 63
69 34 43
39. 84
348. 08
550. 48
1,304.34
Banilad
39.3 per cent complete.
No surveys
2,002.98
Talisay-Manglanilla
5,665.19
Imus
27.6 per cent complete.
85.8 per cent complete.
9.9 per cent complete..
133 65 70
38 44 81
214 92 75
736. 56
420. 48
1,690.16
5.501.80
Binan
5,704.36
Calamba
5,491.50
Lolomboy
13.9 per cent complete.
4.1 per cent complete. .
19 87 80
148 21 88
161. 12
553. 92
4,757.34
Naic
7.747.80
Orion
Complete
18 6 80
72.40
1,156.88
Santa Cruz de Malabon
No surveys
52 7 00
421.36
1,324.46
Santa Maria de Pandi
10.7 per cent complete.
289 50 16
1,576.00
9, 652. 37
Santa Rosa
40.8 per cent complete.
298 62 41
1,335.70
5,151.68
Total
4,392 11 88.31
28,569.32
63.641.86
Grand total brought forward from last
d28,223 25 42.48
d200,631.29
fl40,101.52
quarterly report.
G rand total
32,615 37 30.79
229,200.61
203, 743. 38
(I No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
e Corrected total, amount of refunds deducted.
[Inclosure No. 24.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of December, 1906.
Estate.
No. of lease. Total area.
1
Annual
rental.
Banilad
488
7i. a. c.
2 72
73 49 62
4 97 45
4 32
238 57 10
28 80 34
83 78 57
T"1.36
Calamba
11, 86, 91, 99, 144, 155, 192, 250, 277, 574, 1198....
677. 92
Guiguinto . .
39.80
Lolomboy
1732, 1738
25.92
Malinta
21, 36, 43, 47, 104, 106, 111, 116, 153, 173, 179, 183,
187, 203, 207, 208, 210, 228, 242, 253, 263, 265,
286, 288, 326, 337, 356, 374, 377, 385, 421, 426,
430, 440, 442, 463, 452, 493, 494, 496, 497, 503,
507, 513, 514, 515, 517, 518, 525, 533, 538, 541,
543, 545, 548, 550, 551, 552, 554, 559, 563, 564,
567, 586, 590, 597, 598, 602, 605, 615, 617, 619,
624, 625, 626, 632, 633, 634, 636, 638, 640, 644,
645, 646, 649, 651, 661, 663, 668, 670, 673, 679,
680, 683, 685, 689, 691, 695, 698, 704, 713, 716,
724, 725, 728, 731, 732, 733, 744, 745, 746, 754,
755, 756, 758, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 768, 770,
771, 789, 793, 794, 796, 800, 802, 803, 808, 810,
816, 818, 820, 822, 835, 849, 850, 851, 864, 862.)
47, 94, 462, 463, 557, 739
1,438.56
Naic
267. 36
Piedad...
2, 22, 26, 34, 43, 45, 52, 63, 70, 71, 75, 76, 79, 82,
83, 96, 98, 102, 107, 114, 122, 133, 140, 149, 153,
155, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 169, 171,
175, 189, 193, 202, 203, 206, 209, 211, 220, 231,
232, 233, 238, 251, 254, 262, 264, 266, 267, 268,
269.
519.68
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 15
170 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of December, 1906 — Continued.
San Francisco de Malabon .
Sta. Cruz de Malabon.
Sta. Maria de Pandi. .
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla.
Total
No. of lease.
5, 25, 26, 70, 77, 85, 95, 99, 101, 102, 109, 116, 119,
131, 107, 179, 183, 199, 210, 250, 252, 278, 283,
287, 296, 304, 312, 352, 359, 362, 363, 367, 371,
373, 374, 377, 384, 385, 390, 394, 422, 427, 429,
434, 473, 477, 479, 480, 484, 486, 495, 503, 505,
606, 507, 517, 618, 526, 529, 532, 545, 546, 550,
565, 566, 567, 668, 571, 573, 584, 691, 613, 614,
615, 621, 626, 627, 638, 646, 637, 649, 650, 660,
663, 664, 667, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 678, 685,
693, 701, 703, 704, 707, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716,
717, 725, 726, 729, 732, 733, 739, 740, 743, 744,
745, 748, 749, 765, 780, 784, 790, 798, 804, 810,
813, 814, 838, 844, 853, 863, 871, 873, 879, 886,
939, 960, 967, 978, 983, 989, 1019, 1045, 1073,
1075, 1098, 1105, 1210, 1222, 1233, 1234, 1237,
1239, 1240, 1241, 1246, 1258, 1280, 1288, 1292,
1302, 1309, 1310, 1321, 1322, 1332, 1338, 1339,
1341, 1346, 1349, 1354, 1355, 1356, 1358, 1360,
1361, 1362, 1368, 1381, 1386, 1390, 1392, 1394,
1406.
7, 33, 113, 115, 120, 285, 401, 518, 502, 827
263, 810
4, 20, 23, 30, 33, 45, 59, (iO, (>2, 63, 70, 80, 100, 101,
102, 103, 114, 115, 122, 128, 138, 142, 144, 147,
148, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 166, 168, 180, 183,
188, 213, 217, 225, 255, 258, 265, 268, 281.
665, 1276, 1988
Total area.
1\. a. c.
131 95 81
39 49. 00
72.00
(i3 34 70
1 52 50
Annual
rental.
P"851.36
318. 72
11.20
414. 08
13.12
4,579.08
[Inclosure No. 25.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of October, 1906.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Banilad .
Calamba
Malinta.
Naic.
Orion.
Piedad
6,506,639
558
4, 28, 45, 48, 59,
117, 138, 140,
165, 167, 171,
205, 206, 209,
235, 238, 241,
261, 266, 267,
279, 281, 291,
309, 311, 312,
327, 328, 334,
349, 351, 354,.
376, 382, 388,
402, 408, 410,
422, 425, 427,
465, 471, 476,
499, 505, 519,
558, 560, 561,
614, 620, 641,
784.
778
401
1, 3, 6, 6, 7, 12,
39, 41, 44, 46,
59, 60, 61, 65,
105, 108, 109,
128, 144, 145,
185, 198, 204,
276, 279, 280,
69, 70, 71, 82,
142, 143, 150,
172, 181, 182,
215, 216, 222,
243, 245, 247,
268, 269, 271,
292, 293, 295,
313, 314, 318,
336, 339, 341,
360, 301, 363,
391, 392, 393,
411, 412, 415,
429, 433, 445,
478, 484, 486,
621, 531, 534,
662, 570, 572,
650, 671, 703,
85, 91, 97, 99, 105,
151, 154, 157, 159,
192, 193, 195, 197,
224, 227, 233, 234,
252, 255, 256, 260,
272, 273, 274, 278,
297, 299, 301, 306,
319, 320, 321, 325,
342, 343, 347, 348,
365, 367, 371, 376,
394, 396, 397, 400,
416, 417, 419, 420,
446, 451, 454, 456,
487, 489, 491. 492,
642, 646, 553, 666,
576, 594, 603, 608,
709, 715, 719, 766,
14, 17, 19, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33,
48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 67, 58,
, 66, 67, 68, 85, 96, 97, 100, 104,
111, 112, 120, 121, 123, 124, 126,
146, 156, 174, 181, 182, 183, 184,
213, 214, 216, 260, 263, 270, 273,
281, 282, 283.
Total area.
7 59 48
4 82
224 46 26
13 30 18
8 97 7
115 46 48
Annual
rental.
P60. 88
4.80
1, 409. 62
109.04
35.92
700.00
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 171
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of October, 1906 — Coii tinned.
Estate.
San Francisco de Malabon .
Tala..
Talisay-Minglanilla.
Total.
No. of lease.
7, 8, 9, 11, 18, 54, 55, 58, 65, 66, 74, 88, 93, 96, 98,
105, 112, 130, 133, 134, 136, 170, 171, 172, 173,
174, 188, 189, 207, 209, 219, 220, 222, 223, 224,
225, 227, 229, 232, 238, 244, 247, 248, 249, 251,
256, 259, 262, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 298,
299, 302, 303, 305, 306, 308, 309, 310, 311, 314,
316, 320, 321, 326, 330, 333, 334, 335, 347, 351.
354, 361, 364, 365, 370, 380, 387, 388, 389, 392,
403, 404, 405, 413, 419, 430, 431, 433, 438, 439,
445, 446, 447, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459,
464, 466, 467, 468, 472, 475, 476, 478, 481, 482,
483, 485, 496, 501, 504, 508, 509, 510, 514, 519,
520, 522, 527, 530, 531, 537, 538, 539, 540, 544,
551, 553, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 569, 583, 597,
598, 599, 600, 601, 608, 629, 630, 631, 636, 643,
648, 651, 652, 653, 656, 657, 669, 670, 682, 687,
689, 705, 710, 720, 721, 722, 723, 731, 735, 741,
746, 756, 760, 764, 776, 777, 778, 785, 794, 795,
796, 800, 801, 803, 823, 824, 834, 835, 837, 855,
859, 860, 862, 869, 870, 876, 897, 906, 907, 908,
909, 923, 927, 931, 933, 940, 946, 947, 958, 963,
964, 970, 973, 975, 977, 979, 982, 992, 995, 996,
997, 1000, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1007, 1010, 1018,
1020, 1021, 1023, 1026, 1028, 1039, 1053, 1077,
1079, 1099, 1102, 1103, 1108, 1249, 1287, 1304,
1313, 1328, 1343, 1352, 1357, 1401, 1402, 1412,
1416, 1418.
2, 3, 6, 10, 13, 14, 18, 22, 26, 29, 31, 38, 40, 42, 46,
47, 57, bS, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 76, 77,
78, 79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 98,
104, 108, 110, 112, 118, 120, 121, 123, 125, 120,
127, 129, 1.30, 131, 140, 149, 158, 164, 167, 170,
172, 176, 177, 178, 182, 214, 234, 235, 278, 279.
183, 1131 .
Total area.
ft. a. c.
290 96 23. 58
6 41 70
762 03 78. 58
Annual
rental.
r2,365.64
5,335.96
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of November, 1906.
Banilad .
Binan . . .
Calamba
Imus
Malinta.
283, 408
169
11, 31, 86, 91, 99, 108, 144, 155, 192, 250, 277,
374, 389, 400, 488, 583, 587, 664, 667, 682,
704, 705, 708. 729, 757, 776, 1109, 1198, 1206,
105, 236, 280, 3i9, 358, 441, 446, 504, 566, 2990,
15, 51, 76, 84, 95. 108, 110, 124, 126, 128, 129,
141, 158, 166, 196, 211, 212, 213, 214, 219,
231, 240, 244, 257, 258, 285, 287, 290, 307,
322, 324, 333, 358, 359, 362, 369, 373, 399,
403, 404, 406, 409, 413, 423, 424, 435, 436,
447, 453, 458, 460, 462, 464, 466, 467, 468.
472, 475, 477, 479, 480, 490, 495, 500, 502,
510, 511, 516, 520, 522, 523, 524, 526, 527,
529, 530, 535, 536, 544, 547, 556, 557, 565,
568, 571, 573, 577, 578, 579, 580, 582, 584,
587, 588, 592, 607, 610, 611, 612, 613, 629,
639, 643, 655, 657, 660, 664, 667, 675, 676,
678, 681, 684, 686, 687, 693, 694, 699, 700,
705, 710, 711, 714, 717, 718, 720, 722, 723,
739, 742, 748, 752, 759, 760, 767, 773, 777,
791, 795, 801, 807, 809, 819, 832, 854, 855,
857, 858, 859, 860, 862, 863, 865, 866, 867,
869, 870, 871, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878,
880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888,
890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898,
900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908,
910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918,
920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928,
930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938,
940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948,
950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958,
307,
696,
1283.
3166.
135,
221,
317,
401,
439,
469,
509,
528,
566,
585,
635,
677,
701,
734,
788,
8.56,
868,
879,
889,
899,
909,
919,
929,
939,
949,
969.
Total area.
h. a. c.
45 21 84
5 54 45
122 14 40
42 19 84
236 79 80
Annual
rental.
ri86. 16
55.44
1,704.56
264. 64
1,277.04
172 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of November, 1906 — Continued.
Estate.
San Francisco de Mulabcn.
Santa Maria de Pandi.
Santa Rosa
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla .
Total
No. of lease.
639.
344, 382.
74, 77, 78, 80, 81, 88, 89, 91, 110, 119, 132, 134, 138,
139, 150, 152, 157, 163, 165, 168, 172, 178, 180,
186, 187, 188, 190, 192, 194, 195, 207, 218, 219,
221, 224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 234, 236, 237,
240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 248, 256, 257, 258, 259,
261, 276, 277, 278, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289,
290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 311,
312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321,
322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331,
332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 342,
343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352,
353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362,
363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372,
373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 384,
385, 386, 387, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396,
397, 398, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410.
64, 73, 75, 80, 84, 87, 104, 108, 129, 177, 178, 181,
226, 228, 253, 270, 291, 302, 313, 344, 345, 355,
357, 368, 375, 376, 380, 891, 395, 398, 401, 420,
421, 424, 435, 437, 451, 465, 469, 470, 471, 474,
491, 493, 494, 497, 511, 512, 521, 523, 524, 525,
528, 533, 534, 535, 536, 572, 574, 575, 577, 588,
604, 606, 616, 622, 623, 625, 628, 632, 634, 642,
654, 655, 658, 668, 684, 690, 699, 702, 711, 718,
719, 730, 736, 742, 771, 775, 782, 773, 799, 805,
832, 833, 836, 843, 846, 851, 852, 856, 858, 861,
872, 890, 904, 911, 914, 916, 918, 921, 948, 951,
953, 956, 980, 984, 998, 1009, 1011, 1017, 1032,
1060, 1097, 1100, 1104, 1107, 1153, 1215, 1301,
1329.
1630
467
21, 51, 95, 97, 106, 107, 111, 113, 132, 133, 134. 135,
139, 141, 145, 150, 157, 159, 100, 161, 174, 175,
186, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197,
198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208,
209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222,
223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 236,
237, 238. 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246,
247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 253, 261, 266, 272, 274,
276, 277, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290,
291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300,
301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310,
311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320,
321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330,
331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340,
341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350,
351,352,353.354,355,356.
148
Total area.
h. a. c.
123 00 00
36 23 69
207 47 60
172 18 96
6 00 00
19 89 66
85 64 84
Annual
rental.
r384. 00
120. <H)
1.027.52
1, 350. 96
79.60
470.96
7 00
1,102 42 8
6,961.64
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
173
[Inclosure No. 26.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended January 31, 1907.
Temporary leases.
Plstate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose a
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon. . .
Binagbag b
24
I 84 03
9
23 08 30
3
1
34
48
1 36 80
600
58 41 60
77 42 40
32
35
F209.20
.60
370. 16
506.00
Fl,348.21
357 92
Tala.....
7
5
1 60 80
91 20
491 58
Piedad
652 36
Muntinlupa
5 08
Malinta
12
2 92 80
155
251 38 50
119
1,448.00
1,660.96
174 84
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampol c
18 80
Guiguinto c
1
1 32 61
14
7
21
2
27 49 50
16 39 09
6 80 68
14 00 00
7
6
25
10
4
90
12
20
■ 158.32
103. 76
80.96
146. 88
206. 40
608. 56
14.56
269. 28
1 398. 80
Banilad
2
18
5
6
3
66 80
3 40 04
18 58 53
20 41 65
2 46 11
045 '^2
Taiisay-Manglanilla
5
7
1
23
7
10
47 56
51 44
13 17
1 56 72
27 60
76 17
887. 28
Imus
743 r?
Binan
368 64
Calamba. . . .
78
6
8
79 20 57
1 54 30
47 39 60
819 89
Lolomboy
213 90
Naic
6
9 11 80
804 46
Orion
344 90
Santa Cruz de Malabon
7
5
I
33 90
. 13 86
10 05
6
13 90 50
8
26
1
122. 00
221. 28
2.40
1,115 28
Santa Maria de Fandi
43
39 54 40
884. 18
Santa Rosa
518 88
1
Estate.
Total area con-
tracted for dur-
ing this month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
180. 00
Surveys' progress
to January 31, 1907.
San Jose a
h. a. c.
Completed.
90 per cent.
36. 6 per cent.
Completed.
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon ... .
26 29 13
6 00
60 02 40
78 33 60
^209. 20
.60
370. 16
506.00
1.348.21
357. 92
491.58
652.36
5.08
1,660.96
174.84
Binagbag b
Tala
Piedad '.
Do
Muntinlupa
Begun.
30. 3 per cent.
Completed.
Malinta . .
254 31 30
1,448.00
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampol c
18.86
1,398.80
645. 22
887.28
743. 12
368. 64
819.89
213. 96
804. 46
344. 90
1,115.28
884. 18
518.88
Do
Guiguinto c
28 82 ii
17 05 89
10 68 28
33 09 97
20 54 82
83 23 40
1 81 90
57 27 57
i58. 32
103. 76
80. 96
140. 88
206. 40
608. 56
14.56
269.28
Do
Banilad
45.5 percent.
No work done.
29.2 per cent.
Completed.
11.3 per cent.
19.8 per cent.
6.3 percent.
Completed.
Taiisay-Manglanilla
Imu3
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic...
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon
14 24 40
39 68 26
10 05
122. 00
221. 28
2.40
Santa Maria de Pandl. .
13.3 per cent.
51.4 per cent.
Santa Rosa
Total
725 59 08
d32 183 33 37. 79
4, 468. 36
d226,270.33
13,634.42
«203,740.38
Grand total brought forward from last
monthly report.
Grand total
32 908 92 45. 79
230, 738. 69
217, 374. 80
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
< Corrected total, amounts refunded having been deducted.
174 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of January, 1907.
Estate.
Naic . . .
Piedad .
Banilad..
Binan
Calamba . .
Guiguinto
Imus
Lolomboy
Mallnta. . .
San Francisco de Malabon.
Santa Cruz dc Malabon .
Santa Maria de Fandi . .
Tala
Talisay.
Total.
No. of lease.
557
102^ 1 iK 331 ,"463! [[[[[[[[" ".[."['.'.'.[ .""
36, 64, 74, 114, 140, 244, 419, 480, 540, 561, 679,
789, 794, 1195, 1288, 1309.
18, 42, 58, 66, 159, 161, 162
147
1575.
739,
53, 55, 73, 81, 86, 87, 103, 122, 123, 130, 132, 139, 144,
146, 147, 148, 155, 175, 184, 202, 223, 225, 232, 254,
259, 264, 284, 346, 350, 352, 357, 366, 368, 370, 378,
379, 380, 384, 398, 407, 431, 437, 438, 452, 456, 459,
461, 470, 473, 481, 483, 485, 488, 498, 501, 532, 537,
539, 540, 569, 574, 575, 581, 583, 593, 595, 599, 600,
606, 616, 621, 622, 623, 627, 628, 630, 637, 642, 652,
654, 656, 658, 659, 065, 666, 669, 688, 692, 702, 729,
730, 735, 736, 741, 757, 769, 772, 778, 785, 790, 792,
797, 805, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 821, 823, 824, 825,
828, 831, 844, 845, 853.
8, 254, 509
15, 20, 40, 42, 62, 64, 72, 92, 93, 94, 99, 106, 110,
118, 130, 137, 142, 147, 148, 151, 154, 170, 173^
199, 212, 246, 249, 253, 255, 262, 274,
289, 502, 6(35, 677, 709, 812, 848, 857, 922, 1001,
1081, 1150, 1192, 1203, 1238, 1254, 1353, 1359,
1395, 1405, 1410.
22, 63, 83, 308, 458, 520, 633, 651
9, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 243, 665, 1948
5, 44, 52, 53, 66, 74, 81, 82, 85, 99, 105, 109, 116, 117,
136, 137, 143, 146, 163, 171, 184, 205, 233, 256, 257,
259, 260, 262, 267, 271, 280.
149, 935, 1705
113,
, 176,
1049,
1300,
Total area.
71 61
39 28 50
33 73 55
33 43 47
6 48 41
43 20
150 70 27
4 15 52
47 03 30
25 81 50
33 09 60
41 01 48
2 03 16
432 03 93
Annual
rental.
F4. 32
404. 00
299. 68
171.64
33.28
4.00
880. 16
51.76
284. 64
120. 32
207. 44
184. 64
267. 60
16.80
2,930.28
[Inclosure No. 27.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended March 31, 1907.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
xMo.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
San Jose«
li. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
F210 00
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon
14
2 31 49
16
27 32 15
23
F245. 92
sis. 28
Binagbag b
Tala
4
2
38 40
43 20
10
11
16 27 20
14 76 00
13
11
56.48
83.62
312 90
Piedad
431 20
Muntinlupa.
125. 20
Malinta
2
52 80
17
20 06 03
10
116. 40
1 214 00
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampol c
2
27
9
4
15
4
6 59
81 00
9 20
9 10
1 19 82
1 02 43
2
27
15
0
26
4
2.40
32.40
34.72
13.84
155. 60
207. 36
377 02
Guiguinto c
25 82
Banilad....
8
6
4 91 96
83 92
9 14 00
18 39 14
284 98
Talisay-Manglanilla
2
10
3
42 88
18 58 89
11 83 97
083 95
Imus
904 40
Binan
999 12
Calamba
582 31
Lolomboy
3
14
9 00
80 26
2
5
3
2
8
1 53 60
40 49 61
18 15 69
38 00 00
20 54 40
5
20
4
10
6
12
13. 04
317. 44
157. 52
273. 68
145. 52
582. 72
1 337 16
Naic
6
1
5
52 74 51
2 39 38
43 00 00
744 16
Orion
304 86
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
3
96 40
179. 42
414 64
Santa Rosa
12
1 36 09
19
55 83 18
593 68
a No tenants;
b Practically £
c All leased.
grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
11 leased.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 175
Report of the administration oj the friar estates for the month ended March 31 j 1907 — Con
Estate.
Total area
contracted for
during this
month.
San Joseo
Isabela
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag 6
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos c
Matamo c
Dampolc
Guigninto c
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon. . . .
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Total
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report d
Grand total.
29 63 64
16 65 60
15 19 20
6 69
81 00
5 01 16
1 35 90
28 92 71
31 25 54
1 62 60
94 10 38
20 55 07
81 96 40
20 54 40
57 19 27
425 48 29
34, 478 45 02. 79
34,903 93 31.79
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
P245. 92
56.48
83.52
2.40
32.40
34.72
13.84
155. 60
207. 36
13.04
317. 44
157. 52
273. 68
145. 52
582. 72
2,438.56
234,538.71
236,977.27
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
P210. 00
""m28'
312. 90
431. 20
125. 20
1,214.00
377. 02
25.82
284. 98
683. 95
904.40
999. 12
682. 31
1,337.16
744. 16
304. 86
179. 42
414. 64
693. 68
10,038.10
227,752.83
237,790.93
Progress of surveys to
March 31, 1907.
Complete.
95 per cent complete.
40.7 per cent complete.
Complete.
None.
Do.
24. 2 per cent complete.
35.8 per cent complete.
Complete.
Do.*
Do.
52.4 per cent complete.
None.
39 per cent complete.
Complete.
18.6 per cent complete.
26.4 per cent complete.
17.7 per cent complete.
Complete.
None.
21 .8 per cent complete.
93 per cent complete.
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
Total area, 158, 677; surveyed area, 76,370; complete, 48. 1 per cent.
[Inclosure No. 28.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of March ^ 1907.
Estate.
Banilad .
Binan
Dampol . . .
Imus
Lolomboy.
Malinta . . .
Naic
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon.
Santa Maria de Pandi.
Santa Rosa
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla
Total.
No. of lease.
316, 338, 375, 451, 493,
715.
15.
21, 559, 606, 611, 613, 711,
294,316
240, 722, 880, 892, 1841 .
1571.
194, 250, 604, 647, 672, 674, 726, 751, 753, 781, 783,
786, 826, 833, 966.
102, 451, 474, 620, 700
10, 87, 167, 200, 205, 228, 239
4, 123, 124, 128, 215, 378, 400, 408, 414, 487, 500, 549,
595, 633, 635, 681, 683, 767, 788, 842, 1036, 1072,
1411.
316.
44, 73, 107, 109, 110, 111, 628
124, 152, 252, 263, 264, 273, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365.
1736, 1381, 1450,2036
Total area.
h.
a.
c.
26
49
72
P117.52
16
32
55
154.24
36
95
4.08
17
08
65
111.44
3
.40
13
15
33
72.80
99
59
58
594.56
4
63
75
31.20
12
34
78
99.68
16
32
00
126.72
75
34
IV
764.64
14
81
73
46.96
1
69
06
12.64
298 21 17
Annual
rental.
2, 136. 88
176
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE U\NDS.
finclosure No. 29.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended June 30, 1907.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount,
collected
during
this
month.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
No.
Area.
San Jose (^
h. a. c.
li. a. c.
F220. 00
Isabela
34
41
5 96 00
6 70 75
42
81
33 46 00
166 91 97
34
39 89 00
60
71
r596. 12
1,339.84
744. 10
San Francisco de Malabon
2,111.96
Binagbaer b .,
16.24
Taia ..;..:::: .:::.:::::
52 80
9 60
5
13
6 12 00
17 11 20
7
12
17.44
56.08
287.00
Piedad
377. 44
Muntlniupa ...
8.00
Malinta
2
19 20
4
8 16 00
5
36.72
1,024.76
San Marcos ^
...
Matamo c
34.00
Dampolc
1,128.80
Guiguinto c
2,283.66
Banilad ...
1
5 60
20
4
61
2
11
10 10 08
3 39 44
186 44 78
57 13 12
15 45 47
16
3
132
4
17
60.64
25.44
684. 80
230. 96
120.58
461. 90
T alisay-M anglanil la
1, 136. 16
Imus
1
4
6 30 70
6 70
30 54
27
39 21 04
3,022. 30
Binan
5,316.90
Calamba
2
2 91 27
3,7o2.39
Lolomboy
2,495.60
Naic- .
10
1
5
58 14
7 48
12 85
2
4 76 33
1
7
60 65 00
3 26 29
11
8
7
176.40
13.92
56.40
3,064.30
Orion
441. 18
Santa Cruz dp Malabon
3
8 00 00
2, 354. 46
Santa Maria de Pandi
5, 139. 30
Santa Rosa
2
6 52
14
44 45 73
8
447.28
6,693.67
Estate.
Total area
contracted for
during this
month.
Total
amount due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
month.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
Progress of field work on
surveys to June 30, 1907.
San Jose o , ....
h. a. c.
F220.00
744. 10
2,111.96
16.24
287. 00
377. 44
8.00
1,024.76
Completed.
Isabela
79 31 00
173 62 72
F596. 12
1,339.84
San Francisco de Malabon
52.8 per cent completed.
Binagbag b
Completed.
Tala
6 64 80
17 20 80
17.44
56.08
No work done.
Piedad
Do.
Muntinlupa
59.9 per cent completed.
Malinta . .
8 35 20
36.72
Completed,
San Marons <^. .. ^
Matamo c
34.00
1, 128. 80
2,283.66
461. 90
1, 136. 16
3,022.30
5,316.90
3,752.39
2,495.60
3,064.30
441. 18
2,354.46
5, 139. 30
6,693.67
Do.
Dampolc
Do.
Guiguinto c
Do.
Banilad. . . . .
10 15 68
3 39 44
231 96 52
57 19 82
18 67 28
60.64
25.44
684.80
230.96
120.58
Do.
Talisay-Manglanilla
No work done.
Imus
53.7 per cent completed.
Binan
Completed. ,
Calamba
49.5 per cent completed.
Lolomboy
68.3 per cent completed.
Naic
65 34 47
3 33 77
8 12 85
176. 40
13.92
56.40
47.9 per cent completed.
Orion
Completed.
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Begun.
28.3 per cent completed.
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa i
44 52 25
447.28
Completed.
Total
727 86 60
35,119 40 39.36
3,862.62
236,074.62
42, 114. 12
283, 174. 81
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report.d
Grand total
35,847 26 99.36
239,937.24
325,288.93
a No tenants, grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Practically all leased.
cAlIleased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
60.1 per cent of total area of estates surveyed.
ADMINISTBATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
177
tlnclosure No. 30.]
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of June, 1907.
Estate.
Binan . . .
Calamba
Imus
Isabela . .
Malinta
Naic
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon.
Santa Maria de Pandi . .
Santa Rosa
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla
No. of lease.
588, 700
233 "A," 1024, 1117 *'A," 1179, 1347, 1405, 1407,
1410, 1412, 1421, 1428, 1430, 1433, 1435, 1454.
208, 218, 305, 317, 509, 891, 2103, 3394
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,
19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,
33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46,
47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 69, 60,
61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74,
75, 76.
58, 609, 971, 972
23.
101, 126, 141, 241, 421, 422, 423, 424, 427
20, 22, 42, 126, 138, 160, 162, 195, 211, 240, 242, 274,
300, 328, 349, 350, 411, 462, 488, 489, 492, 578, 681,
585, 586, 610, 618, 641, 645, 688, 766, 811, 818, 894,
896, 903, 924, 932, 965, 971, 981, 986, 987, 1078,
1131, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1145, 1185, 1202, 1204, 1207,
1208, 1211, 1212, 1214, 1235, 1245, 1253, 1372, 1383,
1415.
41 , 533, 816, 891
685.
74, 93, 173, 393, 439, 454, 1122.
370,371,372,373
294 "A"
Total 354 42 83. 33
Total area.
ft. a. c.
57 13 12
17 41 62
14 67 25
109 85 00
5 63 80
5 80 77
7 75 90
77 70 14. 33
6 85
5 28 00
43 90 42
4 56 00
4 63 96
Annual
rental.
P-228. 56
111.20
103.92
1,119.28
22.16
58.56
27.12
648. 24
3.20
31.68
440.88
11.20
25.28
2,831.28
[Inclosure No. 31.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the Tnonih ended July Sl^ 1907.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
To
No.
wn lots.
Area.
Irrig
No.
itcHl fariiis.
Area.
li. a. c.
Un
No.
irrigated
farms.
Area.
h. a. c.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount of
rental due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
San Jose o.
7i. a. c.
P220. 00
San Francisco de Malabon
41
8 88 84
128
420 43 C)7
72
F3, 460. 56
3,416.64
Binagbag 6
173. 02
Tala
5
32
5 40 00
49 64 00
3
33
4
11
10.80
155. 12
2.40
26.96
4'10.10
Piedad
8
4
3
91 20
27 95
38 40
1,042.32
Muntinlupa
173. 46
Malinta ....
8
4 77 60
1,881.94
San Marcos c
174.84
Dampol c
i
785. 18
Guiguinto ^
2
43
1
41
7
55
2
6
600
3 14 28
8 80
4 21 42
44 08
1 66 04
6 00
19 36
i
2
74
10
55
6
116
22
9
2.40
1,272.52
47.36
237.60
8.80
450.08
m. 48
20.08
487. 38
Banilad
7
5
9
9 67 50
2 30 00
13 40 79
14
107 38 50
4 21 76
48 70 00
123. 18
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus - .
879. 76
1,126.73
Binan
3,768.77
Calamba
1
1 68 61
79
23
3
65 15 73
13 97 40
1 82 86
2,476.47
Solombov
2,113.87
Naic. .^.:::.:
1
19 31
1,087.98
Orion..
300.24
Santa Cruz de Malabon
3
4
6
18 00
15 60
55 80
3
21
11
2.80
157. 12
706.00
791.46
Santa Maria de Pandi . .
17
3
35 37 60
32 84 41
7,208.62
Santa Rosa
14
56 14 46
380.01
a No tenants; grazing privileges granted at 20 cents per head per month.
6 Practically all leased.
c All leased.
178
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended July SI, 1907 —
Continued.
Estate.
San Josea .
Isabela. ,
San Francisco de Malabon ,
Binagbag 6
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos c
Matamoc
Dampol c
Guiguinto c
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Solomboy
Naic
Orion .
Santa Cruz de Malabon .
Santa Maria de Pandi. . .
Santa Rosa
Total area con-
tracted for
during this
month.
Total
amount
due annu-
ally from
all contracts
executed
during this
month.
429 32 51
5 40 00
50 55 20
27 95
5 16 00
P3,460.56
10. 80
155. 12
2.40
20. 90
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
F220. 00
3, 416. 64
173. 02
440. 10
1.042.32
173. 46
1,881.94
174.84
Total
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report
Grand total .
6 00
180 20 28
6 60 56
66 32 21
44 08
68 50 38
14 03 40
2 21 53
18 00
35 53 20
89 54 67
954 35 97
^35,073 72 51.36
36,028 08 48.36
1,272.52
47. 36
237. 60
8.80
450. 08
60. 48
20. 08
2.80
157. 12
706. 00
6,621.08
d235,209.76
241,830.84
785. 18
487. 38
123. 18
879. 76
1,126.73
3,768.77
2,476.47
2,113.87
1,087.98
300. 24
791. 46
7, 208. 62
380. 01
29,051.97
325,288.93
354,340.90
Progress of field work
on surveys.
Completed.
Do.
56 per cent completed.
Completed .
No worJk done.
Begun.
78.1 per cent completed.
Completed,
Do!
Do.
Do.
Do.
No work done.
57.4 per cent completed.
Completed.
54.4 per cent completed.
77.4 per cent completed.
60.9 per cent completed.
Completed .
0.5 per cent completed.
30.9 per cent completed
Completed.
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b l^ractically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of July, 1907.
Banilad .
Calamba
Irnus
Malinta
Muntinlupa
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon .
Santa Rosa
Tala
Tallsay
Total.
No. of lease.
7, 12, 22, 31, 40, 47, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 58, 69, 70, 78, 90,
94, 97, 101, 109, 112, 113, 114, 116, 129, 131, 140, 145,
149, 151, 155, 179, 180, 200, 203, 205, 222, 229, 231,
232, 233, 252, 262, 2(53, 284, 293, 301, 302, 314, 321,
335, 376, 459, 461, 464, 467, 472, 498, 510, 575, 624,
626,629,645, 663, 710, 493A, 549A, 559A, 591A,
602 A.
813, 814, 1138, 1173, 1200, 1289, 1311, 1406, 1411, 1427,
251 A, 1433A,
26, 231, 252, 365, 476, 507, 511, 553, 687, 879, 1028,
1195, 1269, 1777, 1915, 1937, 1966, 2196, 2339, 2510,
2594, 2780, 2840, 2954.
653 , 682 , 81 7
426
210 250
17, 21, 27," 40741V44,' 45756,* 61, 70VM,' Y03,"i26," m",
140, 142, 146, 151, 182, 204, 208, 230, 234, 239, 269,
284, 295, 323, 329, 336, 339, 372, 548, 594, 611, 644,
698, 724, 761, 787, 877, 882, 966, 990, 1015, 1027,
1080, 1082, 1086, 1093, 1132, 1159, 1187, 1197, 1209,
1223, 1262, 1278, 1283, 1303, 1324, 1373, 1393, 1396,
27A, 357A, 376A, 1312A.
367-
3, 26, 41, 102, 152, 164, 172, 424, 551, 823, 1332.
169, 294 A
825, 1732, 1871
Total
area.
h. a. c.
97 69 35
110 31 37
44 72 63
1 83 03
100 00 00
3 66 75
238 87 88
2 50 00
167 93 91
19 80
5 89 76
773 54 48
Annual
rental.
r453. 60
652.48
342.08
9.20
200.00
29.36
1,834.04
20.00
1,149.20
1.84
35.68
4,727.48
ADMINTSTRATFON OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
179
[Inclosure No. 33.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended September <
1907.
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
this
month.
San Jose «
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
1*^220 00
Isabela
226.00
San Francisco de Malabou. . .
4
1
1
27 47
14 40
7 20
18
68 10 83
11
15
8
F579. 12
52. 32
71.92
1, 408. 76
Tala... .
14
8
24 60 00
35 56 00
109 82
Piedad
387. 78
Muntinlupa
12.80
Malinta
3
63 96
4
1 91 83
3
21. 36
868.96
Dampolc
148. 68
Guiguintoc
1
93
9
11
3 GO
8 01 10
40 50
90 14
5
135
3
2
9 42 24
259 42 50
1 52 00
5 00 00
5
148
11
12
69. 16
2, 210. 20
23.28
46.64
9.40
Banilad
7
1
2
5 92 80
5 00
4 78 40
362. 64
Talisay-Manglanilla
102. 28
Imus .
1 583 35
Binan
1, 475. 97
Calamba .
14
2 6 16
33 44 32
86
9
2
3
89 7 95
56 60
85 00
1 45 3
1
4
4
8
1, 017. 32
4.64
7.60
6.64
42.96
23.36
664 39
Solomboy
597. 14
Naic. .
1
1
2 94
7 80
18 25
6 00
1 802 42
Orion
405. 06
Santa Cruz de Malabon 3
2
3 97 60
1,079.14
438. 38
Santa Maria de Pandi 2
8
4 24 40
Santa Rosa 1
1, 564. 38
i
1
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amount
due an-
nually
from all
contracts
executed
during
this
month.
Survey progress to
September 30, 1907.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Jose « . .
h. a. c.
Completed .
F220 00
Isabela
do
226. 00
San Francisco de Malabon . . .
68 38 30
T579. 12
67.3 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed . .
1, 408. 76
Binabag f> . .
Tala .^. ..:::"":::"";""; :"■"'
24 74 40
35 63 20
52.32
71.92
Begun
169. 82
Piedad
31.8 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed
387. 78
Muntinlupa
12.80
Malinta..
2 55 79
21.36
-do.- .
868. 96
San Mareosc
. ..do
Matamoc
do.. .
Dampolc
..do
148. 68
Guiguintoc
9 45 24
273 96 40
1 97 50
10 68 54
69. 16
22 10 20
23.28
46. 64
do - .
9.40
Banilad. . . . .
.do
362. 64
Talisay-Manglanilla
7 per cent completed. .
59.3 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed. .
102. 28
Inms... ...
1,583.35
1, 475. 97
Binan... .
Calamba
124 58 43
56 60
87 94
1 52 83
4 15 85
4 30 40
1,017.32
4.64
7.60
0.64
42.96
23.36
69.9 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed.. ..
664. 39
Solomboy
597. 14
Naic
80.4 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed
1,802 42
Orion . . .
405 06
Santa Cruz de Malabon
11.5 per cent com-
pleted.
42.6 per cent com-
pleted.
Completed
1,079.14
Santa Maria de Pandi. . .
438. 38
Santa Rosa...
1,564 38
Total . .
563 41 42
d37, 245 76 99
4, 176. 52
^243,378.60
13, 527. 35
Grand total brought forward from last
374, 811. 03
monthly report.
Grand total
37,809 18 41
247,555.12
388, 338. 38
a No tenants, grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
t> Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired lierewiLh attached.
180 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of September^ 1907 .
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
' 7i. a. c^
Banilad
3, 4, 5, 8, 17, 20, 23, 26, 27, 28, 30, 33, 52, 59, 60, 63, 64,
71, 75, 81, 85, 86, 89, 99, 110, 111, 117, 122, 125, 126,
172 71 40
P992.48
127, 128, 130, 136, 137, 141, 143, 147, 152, 153, 157,
161, 162, 165, 171, 185, 186, 187, 191, 192, 206, 212,
213, 219, 224, 226, 230, 242, 245, 247, 248, 250, 253,
254, 261, 267, 270, 276, 277, 281, 286, 291, 305, 309,
313, 327, 329, 331, 334, 336, 342, 348, 350, 359, 360,
362, 363, 367, 370, 371, 374, 380, 381, 382, 383, 385,
395, 402, 411, 412, 414, 415, 416, 417, 423, 424, 428,
429, 430, 431, 434, 446, 450, 455, 470, 476, 480, 481,
483, 487, 496, 501, 515, 524, 525, 531, 540, 545, 546,
563, 566, 573, 587, 593, 599, 602, 603, 604, 617, 625,
627, 632, 642, 644, 648, 655, 659, 666, 671, 672, 674,
681, 684, 690, 694, 700, 707, 718, 719, 721, 294A,
316A.
Calamba
815, 1102, 1228, 1232, 1234, 1243, 1254, 1262, 1270, 1276,
1371, 1372, 195A, 1272A.
40 26 77
250. 40
Guiguinto
26 !
5 69 00
45,52
Imus
315, 516, 633, 648, 821, 1639. . .
7 67 90
2 36 59
59 77 51
52.48
Malinta
263A , 665 A
19.60
San Francisco de Malabon
33, 35, 150, 318, 734, 913, 1236, 1248, 1344, 1351, 278A,
497. 36
1394 A.
Santa Cruz de Malabon
289,569,803
6 19 85
1 39 20
63.36
Tala
370A .. .
4 16
Total
296 8 22
1,925.36
[Tnelosure No. 35.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended October 31, 1907,
Temporary leases.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due annu-
ally.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unlrrigated
farms.
Amount
collected
during
this
month.
No,
Area,
No.
Area.
7i. a. c.
No.
Area.
h. a. c.
San Jose o
h. a. c.
T220, 00
San Francisco de Malabon.
Binagbag ^
48
11 00 90
129
395 93 24
1
2 52 95
84
F3,293.84
3,322.80
Tala .
1
2
4 80
21 60
9
9
8 84 00
m 32 80
9
11
19,60
133.36
356. 52
Piedad
622. 74
Muntinlupa
221.00
Malinta 1
1 i
878, 90
San Marcos c 1
Matamo ^ j
i 1 '
Dampol ^
; i i '
Guiguinto c
\ \ i i '
6.40
Banilad
42
3
11
3
3
3
4 82 90
22 00
1 90 56
17 24
13 98
11 60
2
7
1 40 70
23 00
22 40 85
38 i 42 49 42
7 1 1 49 77
2 4 19 44
60
3
08
6
649. 84
19.84
185,60
3.60
412. 82
14.96
1,034.30
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
131.68
1,601.80
Binan
3,020.12
977.68
Calamba
80
4
57 72 34
2 89 20
Lolomboy
869. 00
Naic
6,301,02
360,04
Orion
i
Santa Cruz de Malabon —
Santa Maria de I'andi
15
1
1 00 28
2 40
10
19 50 00
2
3
12 00 00
2 97 60
21
4
186. 48
16,32
1,589.94
1,298.60
Santa Rosa
2,040,15
!
i i i ^ ^
oNo tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month,
fc Practically all leased,
c All leased.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
181
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the month ended October 31, 1906-
Continued.
Estate.
Total area
contracted
for during
this month.
Total
amount
due annu-
allj from
all con-
tracts exe-
cuted dur-
ing this
month.
Survey progress to
Oct. 31, 1907.
Total
amount
collected
this
month.
San Jose i
h. a. c.
Completed
I»=220 00
San Francisco de Malabon
409 47 09
1*3,293.84
70 per cent completed.
Completed
3,322.80
Binagbag b
Tala
8 88 80
65 54 40
19. 60
133. 36
14.4 per cent completed
56 per cent completed. .
Completed
356 52
Piedad
622 74
Muntinlupa
221 00
Malinta
-do .. .
878. 90
San Marcos c
do '...
Matamo c
.do .
Dampol c
do
Guiguinto c
.do
6 40
Banilad
48 73 02
1 95 37
28 50 85
17 24
57 86 32
3 00 80
649.84
19.84
185. 60
3.60
412. 82
14.96
do
1,034.30
131 68
Talisay-Manglanilla
8.5 per cent completed .
65 per cent completed.
Completed
Imus
1 601 80
Binan
3,020.12
977 68
Calamba
82.2 per cent completed
Completed
Lolomboy
869 00
Naic
do
6,301.02
360 04
Orion
do
Santa Cruz de Malabon
32 50 28
3 00 00
186. 48
16.32
19.8 per cent completed
40.1 per cent completed
Completed . .
1,589.94
1 298 60
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
2,040 15
Total reported
659 64 17
^37,456 44 40
4,836.26
d245,272.00
24,852.69
388,338.38
Grand total brought forward from
last monthly report.
Grand total
38, 116 08 57
250, 108. 26
413,191.07
a No tenants; grazing privilege granted at 20 cents per head per month.
b Practically all leased.
c All leased.
d Amount corrected per list of leases canceled and expired herewith attached.
List of leases canceled and expired during the month of October, 1907.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total
area.
h. a. c.
19 56 87
2 31 02
15 13 26
60 00 00
189 54 73
43 85 28
22 32 85
Annual
rental.
Banilad
10, 38, 41, 43, 82, 93, 100, 104, 106, 156, 159, 173, 174,
177, 178, 181, 193, 195, 196, 197, 202, 214, 227, 234,
244, 272, 287, 311, 318, 326, 345, 347, 355, 369, 372,
419, 444, 449, 511, 514, 619, 592, 594, 605, 628, 634,
635, 636, 667, 670, 676, 678, 688, 691. 703, 706, 731.
309
I*'150. 08
Binan...
23 12
Imus
256, 755
107 92
Naic
1144 -
120.00
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Rosa
12, 29, 39, 43, 53, 71, 78, 79, 89, 92, 106, 139, 143, 163,
180, 185, 268, 271, 293, 315, 331, 343, 356, 440, 441,
460, 620, 647, 751, 759, 770, 821, 845, 888, 889, 938,
950, 957, 976, 1144, 1155, 1156, 1158, 1175, 1177,
1182, 1199, 1217, 1220, 1228, 1243, 1247, 1250, 1293,
1305, 1308, 1316, 1320, 1323, 1330, 1334, 1335, 1350,
1370, 1371, 1397, 1400, 1407, 1413, 425A, 528A.
198, 312, 337, 359, 382, 568, 679, 680, 1024, 941 A
99, 100, 120, 249, 342, 418, 483, 502, 532, 538, 544, 545,
547, 549, 550, 656, 557, 571, 572, 573, 574, 576, 590,
603, 604, 610, 624, 626, 648, 660, 676, 679, 680, 681,
682, 684, 695, 697, 698, 700, 709, 715, 717, 718, 722,
727, 731, 742, 762, 785, 850, 891, 993, 1133, 1138, 1167,
1181, 1296.
1,433.20
184. 48
264. 32
Total
352 74 01
2, 283. 12
182 ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[No. 1705.]
An act amending act numbered two hundred and seventy-nine, as amended, by providing for the signing
of contracts and leases for cold-storage space in the division of cold storage of the bureau of supply.
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Commission, that:
Section 1. Section one of act numbered two hundred and seventy-nine, entitled
"An act prescribing the method of executing leases of real estate to or by the insular
government," as amended by section one of act numbered fifteen hundred and three
and section one of act numbered fifteen hundred and twenty-five, is hereby further
amended so as to read as follows:
" Section 1. All deeds and leases of houses and other real estate or other contracts
for the use and occupancy of property made to or by the insular government or any
department or bureau thereof shall be executed for and in behalf of the insular gov-
ernment by the governor-general, except as hereinafter provided, to wit:
" (a) Leases of portions of the San Lazaro estate under the provisions of executive
order numbered seven, series of nineteen hundred and one, as amended, shall be
executed by the director of lands, by and with the approval of the secretary of the
interior.
** (6) Leases of portions of the public domain under the provisions of act numbered
nine hundred and twenty-six, known as *The public land act,' and deeds and
leases under act numbered eleven hundred and twenty, known as * The friar lands
act, ' shall be executed by the director of lands, with the approval of the secretary of
the interior.
"(c) Contracts and leases for cold-storage space in the division of cold storage,
bureau of supply, shall be executed by the purchasing agent, with the approval of
the secretary of public instruction."
Sec. 2. The public good requiring the speedy enactment of this bill, the passage
of the same is hereby expedited in accordance with section two of " An act prescribing
the order of procedure by the commission in the enactment of laws," passed Septem-
ber twenty -sixth, nineteen hundred.
Sec. 3. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, August 31, 1907.
[Inclosure No. 38.1
[No. 1736.]
An act appropriating the sum of one hundred thousand pesos for the purpose of establishing a reimbursa-
ble fund for the promotion of agricultural pursuits upon certain haciendas and parcels of land, commonly
known as ''friar lands," and for the extension of the cultivated area thereof.
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Commission, that:
Section 1. There is hereby appropriated, out of any funds in the insular treasury
not otherwise appropriated, the sum of one hundred thousand pesos for the purpose
of establishing a reimbursable fund, under the direction and control of the director of
lands except as hereinafter provided, which shall be known as the ''friar-lands loan
fund," and which shall be made available in accordance with the provisions herein-
after specified, for the making of mortgage loans upon growing crops and salable com-
modities manufactured therefrom, work animals, warehouses, mill houses and machin-
ery, and other property, both real and personal, belonging to actual and bona fide
cultivators of the so-called friar estates, for the encouragement of agricultural pursuits
and the extension of the cultivated areas of the said estates.
Sec. 2. The Secretary of the Interior shall designate to the director of lands the
maximum amount of the friar-lands loan fund which may be loaned in accordance
with the provisions of this act within any given period of time, the rate of interest
which such loans shall bear, the term within which the mortgages shall be redeemed,
the estate or estates to which the |)rovisions of this act shall be extended, the kind or
kinds of crops or salable commodities manufactured therefrom, and the class or classes
of buildings, animals, or other property, both real and personal, which may become
subject to mortgage as herein provided, the manner in which advances of loans shall be
made, and the maximum amount which shall be advanced for each hectare under
cultivation: Provided, however, That in no case shall the maximum amount so ad-
vanced exceed one hundred pesos for each hectare cultivated by the mortgagor.
Sec 3. The director of lanas shall, under the direction and approval of the Secretary
of the Interior, promulgate such regulations and issue such forms and instructions as
may become necessary to secure the government against loss and to carry out the pur-
poses of this act. He shall likewise cause to be kept a full and complete record of all
ADMINISTKATION OF PPIILIPPINE LANDS. 183
transactions regarding loans and payments thereof, and shall keep such books and
render such accounts, approved by the insular auditor, as may be necessary for the
proper accounting for said fund, and loans made therefrom, together with interest on
such loans.
Sec.^ 4. By and with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, the director of
lands is hereby empowered, for and on behalf of the government of the Philippine
Islands, to make such loans as are authorized by this act, and to execute as mortgagee,
acting for and on behalf of the government of the Philippine Islands, the necessary
mortgages to carry out the purposes of this act, and all mortga^^es executed under this
act shall be executed to the director of lands, mortgagee, acting for and on behalf of
the government of the Philippine Islands.
Sec. 5. For the purposes of this act the director of lands shall be the trustee for all
mortgagors for the purpose of disbursing amounts advanced in consideration of the
mortgages, and shall have custody of all mortgages and other securities for the mort-
gage debts pending their final satisfaction and release. He shall approve or disapprove
all applications for loans, either wholly or in part, and such approval or disapproval
shall be final and conclusive: Provided^ however, That the Secretary of the Interior
shall indorse upon each mortgage his approval thereof before said mortgage shall be
considered as valid and effective.
Sec. 6. In the case the mortgagors have failed or neglected to discharge the mort-
gages in accordance with the agreement therein specified, the director of lands shall,
upon the maturity of the mortgage notes, proceed to the foreclosure of the mortgages
in the manner provided by law. Whenever, in his opinion, the interests of the insular
government are in jeopardy through the failure or neglect of the mortgagors properly
to observe the conditions of the mortgage agreements, the director of lands shall like-
wise proceed to the foreclosure of all mortgages, or shall take such other action as may
to him seem necessary in the premises.
Sec, 7. The actual and necessary expenses arising from the administration of the
friar-lands loan fund shall be advanced from the general appropriations made for the
bureau of lands, and shall be reimbursed thereto from the interest and profits realized
from the mortgage loans which may be made in accordance with the provisions of
this act.
Sec. 8. Upon the repayment and satisfaction of all mortgage debts the principal of
the loans shall be reimbursed to the friar-lands loan fund as established by section one
of this act, and all net profits from said loans shall likewise accrue to and become a
part of said fund, and may be available for any or all of the purposes for which said
fund may be used.
Sec 9. The public good requiring the speedy enactment of this bill, the passage
of the same is hereby expedited in accordance with section two of "An act prescribing
the order of procedure by the commission in the enactment of laws, ' ' passed Septem*
ber twenty -sixth, nineteen hundred.
Sec. 10. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, October 2, 1907.
[No. 1749.]
AN ACT MAKING APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FRIAR-LANDS BONDS SINKING FUND
CREATED BY ACT NUMBERED ONE THOUSAND AND THIRTY-FOUR.
By authority of the United States, he it enacted by the Philippine Commission, that:
^ Section 1. The sum of six hundred and ninety-six thousand one hundred and
eighty-four pesos and ninety-three centavos is hereby appropriated, out of any funds
in the insular treasury not otherwise appropriated, and transferred to the funds
remaining from the proceeds of sales of the bonds issued for the purchase price of the
friar lands by virtue of the act of Congress approved July first, nineteen hundred and
two, and act numbered one thousand and thirty-four or the Philippine Commission;
and said fund so increased is hereby transferred to the sinking fund heretofore created
by virtue of the said act numbered one thousand and thirty-four of the Philippine
Commission.
Sec 2. There is hereby created a continuing appropriation, from any funds in the
insular treasury not otherwise appropriated, as follows:
On February first, nineteen hundred and eight, and on each succeeding anniversary
thereof, to and including February first, nineteen hundred and thirteen, the sum of
one hundred and forty thousand pesos; on February first, nineteen hundred and
fourteen, and on each succeeding anniversary thereof, to and including February
first, nineteen hundred and twenty-three, the sum of two hundred and eighty-thou-
sand pesos; on February first, nineteen hundred and twenty-four, and on each sue-
184 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
ceeding anniversary thereof, to and including February first, nineteen hundred and
thirty-three, the sum of two hundred and ninety-four thousand pesos; which sums, as
appropriated, shall be transferred to the sinking fund aforesaid.
Said sums so appropriated and the interest thereon shall be available for investment
by the insular treasurer, with the approval of the governor-general, by deposit at
interest with qualified depositaries of government moneys, and for loans, for periods
not exceeding five years in any instance, to provincial and municipal governments
for the construction of public works of a permanent character, and for investment in
such loans and securities as are authorized for the postal savings bank by existing laws:
Provided^ That the rates of interest on all loans made by authority of this section shall
be fixed by the governor-general: And provided further^ That no loans shall be made
from this fund for such period that the same will extend beyond the period for the
redemption of the bonds for which this sinking fund is created : And provided further^
That from the amounts hereby appropriated for any year moneys received during that
year from the sale of the lands purchased by virtue of section sixty-four of the act of
Congress of July first, nineteen hundred and two, shall be deducted and the appro-
priation from general funds of the insular treasury correspondingly decreased : And pro-
vided further, That if any of said bonds shall be redeemed before the period of the matu-
rity thereof said bonds shall not be canceled, but shall beheld by the insular treasurer,
who shall collect the interest on said bonds as the same falls due and shall deposit such
money to the credit of the sinking fund hereby established : And provided further y^ That
whenever the insular treasurer shall certify that sufficient money has become available
through the operation of this act to redeem all of said bonds on maturity, principal and
interest, thereupon the continuing appropriation provided for in this section shall
cease and determine.
Sec. 3. An annual appropriation of five hundred and sixty thousand pesos is hereby
made, beginning with the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and
eight, for the payment of interest as it becomes due quarterly upon the so-called
friar-land bonds issued under the provisions of the act of (Jongress of July first, nine-
teen hundred and two: Provided, That the sum hereby appropriated for any year
shall be decreased for that year by the amount of receipts of whatever nature derived
during the year from said friar lands, except receipts from the sales of lands: And
provided further, That if the receipts derived from the disposition of such frair lands,
other than by sale, in any year exceed the interest for that year, the balance of such
receipts remaining shall become available for the payment of interest in the succeed-
ing year, or become a part of the sinking fund for the redemption of the bonds as the
secretary of finance and justice may direct.
Sec. 4. The proceeds of sales of the lands purchased imder the provisions of the
act of Congress of July first, nineteen hundred and two, shall in no case be used for
any other purpose than the redemption of the principal of said bonds: Provided,
That any other receipts from the said lands shall be first used to pay the interest
upon the bonds as it matures; and the surplus, if any, shall be deposited to the credit
of the sinking fund hereby created to meet the principal of such bonds at their
maturity.
Sec. 5. There is hereby appropriated, out of the general funds in the insular treas-
ury not otherwise appropriated, the sum or sums necessary for the payment of the
cost of exchange or of transfer to the city of New York of funds required for the paj^-
ment of interest or principal of such bonds as such cost of exchange or transfer is
incurred.
Sec 6. All acts or parts of acts in conflict with this act are hereby repealed.
Sec. 7. The public good requiring the speedy enactment of this bill, the passage
of the same is hereby expedited in accordance with section two of "An act prescribing
the order of procedure by the commission in the enactment of laws," passed Septem-
ber twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred.
Sec. 8. This act shall take effect on its passage.
Enacted, October 7, 1907.
[Inclosure No. 40.]
July 31, 1908.
Sir: I have the honor to inclose herewith, for transmission to the honorable the
Philippine Commission, a report, in duplicate, covering operations on the various
friar estates for the quarter ending June 30, 1908.
Very respectfully,
Acting Director of Lands.
The honorable the Secretary op the Interior,
Manila, P. I.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
185
[Inclosure No. 41.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended June 30, 1908.
Estate.
San JosG
San Francisco de Mala-
bon
Binagbag
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
Matamo
Dampol
Guiguinto
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic.
Santa Cruz de Malabon.
Santa Maria de Pandi . .
Santa Rosa
Temporary leases.
Town lots.
No. Area.
h. a. c.
14 72 10
13 39 68
12 50
4 97 20
6 73 58
1 46 55
55 20
46 80
07 21
86 68
40 25
77 33
90 79
02 01
53 36
49 14
12 00
39 53
Irrigated farms.
No.
143
10
103
Area.
i^. a. c.
575 40 38
14 22 85
7 69 15
141 76 73
766 33 66
641 26 19
336 89 48
2 51 86
196 62 77
3 00 00
293 88 18
Unirrigated
farms.
No. Area.
h. a. c.
563 55 64
34 78 69
27 58 20
589 16 90
196 38 63
315 59 25
11 72 91
828 46 91
236 64 30
311 39 43
515 41 14
183 65 47
27 29 96
,391 05 29
,036 90 16
381 46 17
12 00 00
102 12 20
3 19 80
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
118
193
18
162
61
75
1
335
123
112
879
794
199
673
544
302
41
41
265
Amount
of rental
due annu-
ally.
^5,
552. 44
540. 94
176. 68
054. 48
775. 00
708. 08
115. 24
414. 92
562. 78
804. 80
209.56
301. 92
297. 54
865. 12
945. 32
047. 16
113. 20
737. 00
141. 52
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
T720. 00
17,371.65
520. 80
1,564.72
3,848.26
890. 70
5, 103. 13
115.24
3, 831. 85
7, 860. 95
2,073.94
1,330.10
15,430.67
8, 587. 56
4, 400. 52
6, 008. 00
12, 028. 12
5,081.42
16, 454. 94
2.049.68
Permanent leases.
"Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
Orion
4
a. c.
41 35
2
h. a. c.
2 72 39
20
h. a. c.
32 56 21
26
F205. 00
F246. 00
Sale certificates.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Agreed
purchase
price.
Amount
of install-
ments
due an-
nually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
Binagbag
23
h. a. c.
1 81 03
h. a. c.
2
1
1
29
h. a. c.
3 07 25
87 32 89
26 35 31
75 20 79
25
1
36
384
T577. 10
14, 140. 14
7,772.42
44,337.87
P68. 76
565. 60
777. 75
5, 655. 64
San Marcos
?'707 00
Dampol
35
239
8 34 93
11 07 33
946. 82
Orion
116
255 19 95
10,252.39
82278°— II. Kept. 2289, 61^ 16
186 ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended June 30 ^ 1908 — Con.
Estate.
San Jose.
San Francisco de Malabon .
Binagbag
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos
Matamo
Dampol
Guiguinto.
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Santa Cruz de Malabon. . . .
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Total
Grand total brought forward
from last quarterly report.
Total area
contracted for
during this
quarter.
ft. a. c.
Total
amount due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
quarter.
1, 153 68 12
53 06 65
27 70 70
1,594 14 10
203 12 21
331 28 65
87 32 89
11 72 91
926 72 35
248 11 10
325 15 79
700 04 55
1,047 39 38
685 33 48
1,774 85 56
1,081 44 03
596 02 30
377 18 02
16 49 14
102 24 20
319 47 51
11,663 13 64
32, 383 48 85
44,046 62 49
r5,552.44
609. 70
176. 68
4, 054. 48
775. 00
1, 708. 08
565. 60
115. 24
9,192.67
2,562.78
1,804.80
6,209.56
6,301.92
8,297.54
13,865.12
6,945.32
4,047.16
6, 860. 64
113. 20
737. 00
4,141.52
83, 636. 45
206, 524. 43
290, 100. {
Total
amount
collected
this
quarter.
17,371.
520.
1,564.
3,848.
890.
5, 103.
707.
115.
4,778.
7,860.
2,073.
1,330.
15,430.
8,587.
4, 400.
6, 008.
12,028.
10, 498.
5,081.
16, 454.
2,049.
127,424.46
478, 780. 21
Remarks.
No tenants; grazing privi-
leges at 20 cents per head
606, 204. 67
per month.
All sold.
All leased.
Practically all leased or sold.
All leased.
Practically all leased or sold
Corrected amount as per
attached lists of leases dis-
continued.
[Inclosure No. 42.]
List of leases canceled and discontinued during ike month of April, 1908.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
Banilad
2, 31, 59, 07, 83, 90, 101, 105, 116 126, 132, 135,- 184,
187, 216, 222, 228, 231, 60ti, 625, and 689 A.
1-3, 5-10, 12-14, 16-25, 27-30, 32-35, 37-63, 65, 67-
71, 73, 76-85, 88-90, 92-98, 100-107, 109, 110, 112.
113, 115-139, 142, 145-154, 156, 158-170, 172, 173,
175, 177, 178, 180-188, 190, 191, 193, 194, 197-212,
214-232, 234-240, 242, 243, 245-249. 252-255, 257-
276, 278, 282-288; 4, 11, 15, 26, 31, 36, 64, 66, 72, 74,
75, 86, 87, 91, 99, 108, 111, 114, 140, 141, 143, 144,
155, 157, 171, 174, 176, 179, 189, 192, 195, 196, 213,
241, 244, 250, 256, 277, 279, 280, 281, 289 A and 233 B.
112-114, 110-158, 160, 163-392, 394-449; and 30, 42,
51, 58, 66, 91, 115, 159, 161, 162, 393 A.
1317-1330, 1332-1363, 136(5-1404, 140()-1410, 1412-
1421, 1423-1484, 148(^-1506, 1509-1511, 1513-1530,
1532-1548, 1550-1553, 1555-1578, 1581-1638, 1640-
1648, 1650-1678, 1680^4682, 1()85-1728, 1730-1744,
1746-1754, 1756-1772, 1774-1776, 1778-1782, 1784,
178(M791.
278-408, 470-524, 520-576, 578-711, 713-856, and 858-
8()8.
76 and 765 B
ft. a. c.
55 27 80
545 74 94
293 30 80
424 84 88
711 47 40
8 14 60
11 80 00
42 77 26
5 84 60
147 23 51
r442. 56
Calamba
5, 336. 12
Guiguinto
2,171.96
Imus
2, 591. 04
Lolomboy
4,628.88
Malinta
49.76
Matamo
I
68.00
San Francisco de Malabon .
79, 171, 241, 507, 768, and 888 A
390. 56
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Talisay-Minglanilia
896, 121, 541, 567, 602, ()42, 930, 952, and 1032 A
1-5, 7-25, 27-41, 43-70, 72-75, 77-81, and 84-103
37.84
840. 64
Total
2,246 45 79
16,557.36
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 187
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of May, 1908.
Estate.
Banilad.
Binan.
Calamba
Dampol .
Imiis
Lolomboy.-
Santa Rosa.
Talisay-Minglanilla .
Total.
No. of lease.
746, 22, 32, 37, 45, 54, 62, 70, 77, 109, 112, 115, 119, 120,
140, 142, 145, 151, 152, 154, 155, 180, 190, 203, 225,
252, 263, 268, 277, 306, 338, 393, 418, 461, 464, 616,
640, 652 A, and 662 B.
1, 3, 5, 6, 10-13, 16-19, 21-24, 27-34, 36, 37, 39, 41-43,
45, 47-50, 53, 55-58, 60-62, 64, 67, 70, 72-78, 82, 83,
85-87, 90-95, 99, 109-112, 118, 120, 121, 125, 127, 130,
132, 138, 139, 142, 144, 146, 147, 150-153, 157, 159,
163, 164, 166, 168, 171, 172, 179, 182, 183, 187, 188,
192, 195, 197, 198, 201, 203, 204, 205, 207, 212, 214,
218, 219, 222-224, 227, 228, 232, 237, 239, 240, 243-
246, 249, 251, 252, 254, 257, 258, 261-276, 279, 281,
283-287, 289-292. 294, 295, 297, 300, 302, 305, 310,
313, 314, 316-318, 321, 323-327, 329, 332, 334-341,
343, 344, 346, 349-353, 356, 357, 360-367, 369, 372,
374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 385, 388-390, 394-396,
406, 407, 415, 417, 418, 420-425, 432, 433; and 15, 38,
A.
290-306, 30&-322; and 307 A
1-29, 31-77, 79-113, 115-130, 132-148, 150-160, 162-219,
221-227, 230-249, 251-270, 272-290, 292, 293, 295-308,
310-315, 317-321; and 30, 149, 291, 294, 316 A.
1792-1796, 1798-1817, 1819-1840, 1842-1902,1904,1906-
1914, 1916-1921, 1923-1936, 1938-1965, 1967-2028,
2030-2059, 2061-2102, 2104-2112, 2114-2142, 2145-
2147, 2151-2167, 2169-2172, 2174-2176, 2178-2180,
2182, 2184-2195, 2197-2206, 2208-2212, 2214-2219,
2221-2226, 2228, 2231-2248, 2250-2262, 2264-2268,
2271-2277, 2280-2293, 2295-2300, 2302-2319, 2321-
2328, 2330-2332, 2334-2338, 2340-2342, 2344-2350,
2352, 2354, 2356-2358, 2360-2366, 2368-2383, 2385-
2392, 2394-2401, 2403-2414, 2417-2421, 2423-2426;
and 365, 648, 891, 1937, 2339 A.
869-1097 and 525 A
2, 4, 5, 9, 12, 14, 21, 32, 33, 35-39, 45, 48, 49, 53, 54, 58,
66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 77, 78, 81, 82, 89, 103, 116, 121, 125,
127, 128, 136, 151, 153, 154, 158, 168, 169, 174, 176,
177-185, 189-193, 195, 196, 198, 199, 201-207, 209-
240, 242, 245-248, 250-261, 263-266, 268-274, 276-
281, 283-289, 292, 293, 296, 299-310, 323, 324, 327-
330, 334, 335, 337, 339, 341, 344, 346-354, 356, 358,
360, 362, 363, 366-368, 372, 375, 384, 386, 390, 392,
397, 400, 404-415, 420, 423, 426, 427, 429-431, 438,
441-449, 451, 455-457, 462, 464, 468, 470, 471, 472,
474-476, 480, 482, 484-501, 503-523, 526, 528-531,
533, 534, 537, 539, 541-543, 546, 548, 552, 555, 558-
570, 575, 577-579, 581-584, 586-589, 591-595, 597-
602, 605, 607, 609, 611, 613-615, 618, and 627.
234-316, 318-578, 581, 583, 584,590-593, 595-608, 610,
612, 614, 615, 618-624, 626, 627, 629, 631-633, 636,
639, 640, 642-645.
Total area.
h. a. c.
34 43 24
308 20 23
74 91 89
943 75 71
183 23 90
332 03 60
116 22 17
404 54 20
2, 397 34 94
Annual
rental.
F288. 24
3,084.44
490.00
4,222.04
1,335.96
1,963.36
1,230.80
2,445.60
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of June, 1908.
Estate.
Banilad
Binagbag
Binan
No. of lease.
30, 69, 71, 74, 196, 233, 245, 360, 375, 414, 424, 539, 566,
and 573A.
1-52, 54-78, 80-167, 169-183, 185-188, 190-198, and
79-189A.
4, 7, 8, 9, 20, 25, 26, 35, 40, 44, 46, 51, 52, 54, 59, 63, 65,
66, QS, 69, 71, 79, 81, 84, m, 89, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101,
103-108, 113, 114, 115, 117, 119, 122-124, 126, 128,
277, 280, 282, 288, 293, 296, 298, 299, 301, 303, 304,
306, 307, 308, 311, 312, 315, 319, 320, 322, 328, 330,
333, 342, 345, 347, 348, 354, 355, 358, 359, 368, 370,
371, 373, 376, 379, 380, 383, 392, 393, 435-439, 441,
443-449, 452-458, 460, 461, 463, 464, 466, 467, 470,
472, 473, 475, 477-481, 483, ASb, 486, 487, 489, 490,
491, 492, 495, 497, 498, 499, 501-506 508, 509, 511-519,
521-524, 526-535, 537-541, 544, 546, 548-556, 558,
560-566, 568, 569, 671, 572, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578,
580-584, 586-596, 598-612, 614-619, 621-626, and
331A.
Total area.
h. a. c.
51 37 43
168 13 20
524 23 59
Annual
rental.
r372.32
718. 96
5,088.24
188 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of June, 1908 — Continued.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
Calamba.
Quiguinto.
Imus
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Piedad
San Francisco de Malabon
San Marcos
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla
32a-373, 376-388, 390-399, 401-418, 420-436, 438-446,
44&-458, 461-479, 481-513, 515-539, 541-556, 559-560,
562-566, 568-573, 575-576, 57&-582, 584, 686, 588-
590, 592-614, 616-659, 661-^63, 665-666, 668-678,
680-681, 683-695, 697-703, 706-707, 709-728, 730-
738, 740-751, 753-756, 758-775, 777-785, 787, 788,
790-793,795-799,801-812, 816-901, 903-917,919-926,
928, 930-935, 937-948, 950-1005, 1007-1023, 1025-
1101, 1103,-1116, 111^1137, 1139-1172, 1174-1194,
1196-1197, 1199, 1201-1205, 1207-1222; 374, 375, 389,
400, 419, 437, 447, 459, 480, 514, 540, 561, 574, 583,
585, 587, 691, 615, 664, 667, 679, 682, 696, 704, 705,
708, 729, 739, 757, 776, 789, 794, 800, 813, 814, 902,
927, 936, 949, 1006, 1024, 1138, 1173, 1195, 1198,
1200, 1206A, and 1117B.
450,and26A
2427-2429, 2431, 2433, 2434, 2436, 2437, 2439-2442,
2447-2449, 2451-2465, 2467-2479, 2482-2486, 2488,
2489, 2491, 2493-2500, 2502, 2504-2509, 2511-2513,
2515-2531, 2533-2540, 2542, 2545-2555, 2557-2564,
2566-2571, 2573-2575, 2577-2585, 2588-2590, 2592,
2593, 2595, 2598, 2598, 2599, 2601-2612, 2614-2622,
262^2633, 2635-2640, 2642-2661, 2663-2665, 2667-
2672, 2674-2715, 2717-2759, 2761-2769.
1098-1162
147A
1-4, 6-22, 24, 25, 27-36, 38-49, 51-98, 100-261, 263-271,
273-279, 281-294, 296-307, 309-321, 323-343, 346-373,
375-380, 383-398, 400, 402-405, 407-410; 5, 23, 26, . ,
50, 99, 262, 272, 280, 295, 308, 322, 344, 345, 374, 381,
382,401,and406A.
69B
1618; 53, 55, 69, 185,201,218,273, 318, 343, 371, 674,
1153 and 1215 A.
1
747
828
6, 8, Yd,' ii,' 13, '15,' W, "l8, '20",* 22-25,' *2'7-29", "31,' 34," '40', '
42, 47, 52, 55-57, 59-65, 68, 70, 75, 76, 79, 83-85.
81 and 359 A
104-120, 122-147, 150-182, 184-193, 195-233, 647, 649,
651, 653-656, 659-661, 663, 664, 666, 669, 674, 675,
677-^87, 691-697, 699-701, 703-715, 718, 720-722,
724, 726, 727, 729-732, 736, 738-741, 743-746, 748-
750, 752, 75^757, 759, 762-770, 772-774, 776, 778,
780, 781, 784-786, 788, 791, 794-798, 801, 803-806,
808-811, 815-818, 821-823, 826, 829-831, 834, 835,
837-846, 848-852, 855-858, 860-864, 866, 867, 870-
875, SV, 8'^8, 880-884, 888, 890-892, 894, 898-900,
904, 906, 907, 909-911, 914, 915, 918, 920-923, 925-
930, 932, 933, 936, 937, 939, 942-944, 946-948, 951,
952, 956-962, 964, 966, 96&-975, 978-983, 985-992,
994, 996, 997-1010, 1012, 1014-1020, 1022-1025, 1028,
1030, 1032, 1034-1038, 1040, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1048,
1049, 1051-1055, 1061-1063, 1065, 1067, 1068, 1069,
1072, 1074-1076, 1078, 1079, 1082-1084, 1088-1090,
1092-1095, 1097-1102, 1104, 1106-1110,1112,1114-
1120, 1122-1130, 1133, 1134, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1140,
1142-1144, 1146-1148, 1150-1155, 1159, 1160, 1163,
1166-1168, 1170-1175, 1177, 1178, 1180-1184, 1186,
1188, 1190-1192, 1195-1202, 1204, 1207, 1210, 1212,
1217-1226, 1228-1234, 1236, 1237, 1239-1248, 1251,
1253-1260, 1262, 1263, 1266-1269, 1272-1274.
h. a. c.
951 84 61
F7,992.8
6 S2 24
389 94 31
55 42 40
12 45 23
681 75 35
2 83 30
46 20 98
87 42 00
55
24 00
348 16 20
5 40 00
495 50 40
54.56
1,806.02
342.80
109.24
4,892.32
17.68
379.76
349.68
1.44
2.727.12
37.84
2,918.96
Total.
3,827 75 79
27, 810. 6
J. R. Wilson,
Acting Director of Lands.
Manila, P. I., July 1, 1908.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
189
[Inclosure No. 43.]
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended September 30^ 1908,
Temporary leases.
Estate.
Character of the land.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount of
rental due
annually.
Amount
Town lots.
Irrig
ated farms.
Unirrigated farms.
collected
during
this
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
quarter.
San Jose
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
P'720. 00
Isabela .
71.14
San Francisco de Mala-
bon
57
7 95 25
88
225 96 97
26
120
3
44
10
27
109 2 19
97 91 82
52 40 40
266 18 35
224 63 54
56 97 7
90
120
3
39
6
25
r2,122.32
897.26
21.92
693. 12
461. 88
251. 20
10,414.44
Binagbag
1,109.32
Tala
648. 79
Piedad
8
4
5
1 43 30
45 88
1 14 30
2,100.32
Muntinlupa
307. 62
Malinta
3,685.09
Dampol
4,450.98
Guiguinto
36
43
103
882
1306
325
217
7
19
2
698
5 95 43
3 51 65
14 6 55
126 88 1
105 4 1
29 60 39
33 72 89
39 10
1 86 97
76 0
55 55 47
67
122
373
196
47
484
1,285
18
5
24
38
149 94 53
214 36 20
234 47 75
766 38 30
257 61 4
1,201 72 56
1,402 24 30
55 97 53
8 0 0
42 95 40
569 71 45
84
109
307
1,013
1,270
507
665
18
31
20
790
1,511.74
1,319.32
2,663.68
17,605.08
18,082.96
9,379.68
8,991.88
130. 72
229.24
331.28
22,890.72
1,474.33
Banilad .
11
225
800
412
53
50
11 38 90
59 62 1
2,433 58 95
1, 165 21 82
159 89 15
23 70 29
1,971.85
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
1,929.95
13,571.18
Binan
11,001.51
Calamba .
12, 496. 47
Lolomboy
8, 459. 28
Naic
3, 472. 34
Santa Cruzde Malabon.
Santa Maria de Pandi . .
8
23 70 45
2,823.40
2,111.10
Santa Rosa
373
1,462 12 90
14,913.70
Permanent leases.
Character of the land.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Amount
of rental
due
annually.
Amount
collected
during
this
quarter.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
Orion .. ....
2
h.a. c.
44 19
h. a. c.
7
h. a. c.
11 31 69
9
TIO. 00
r29.00
Sale certificates.
Character of the land.
Exe-
cuted
since
last
re-
port.
Agreed
purchase
price.
Amount
of install-
ments
due
annually.
Amount
collected
durkig
this
quarter.
Estate.
Town lots.
Irrigated
farms.
Unirrigated
farms.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
No.
Area.
Binagbae
h. a. c.
h. a. c.
n. a. c.
P'78.88
Dampol
35.76
Orion...
85
5 85 3
65
207 6 47
46
142 46 48
196
F46,317.89
r4,027.26
3, 146. 19
190
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of the administration of the friar estates for the quarter ended September 30, 1908 —
Continued.
Estate.
Total area
contracted for
during this
quarter.
Total
amount due
annually
from all
contracts
executed
during this
quarter.
Total
amount
collected
this
quarter.
Remarks.
San Jose
h. a. c.
P720. 00
71.14
10,414.44
1, 188. 20
648. 79
2, 100. 32
307. 62
3,685.09
160 tenants grazing privileges
Isabela
at 20 cents per head per
month.
San Francisco de Malabon
342 94 41
97 91 82
52 40 40
267 61 65
224 99 42
58 11 37
P2,122.32
897. 26
21.92
693. 12
461. 88
251. 20
Binagbag
Tala
Piedad
Muntinlupa
Malinta
San Marcos
All sold.
Matamo
All leased.
Dampol
4,486.73
1,474.33
1,971.85
1,929.95
13,571.18
11,001.51
12,496.47
8,459.28
3,472.34
3, 175. 19
2,823.40
2,111.10
14,913.70
Practically all leased or sold.
Guiguinto
155 89 96
229 26 75
308 16 31
3,326 85 26
1,527 76 87
1,391 22 10
1,459 67 48
66 36 63
367 13 86
33 57 42
43 71 40
2, 087 39 82
1,511.74
1,319.32
2,663.68
17, 605. 08
18,082.96
9, 379. 68
8,991.88
130. 72
4, 097. 26
229. 24
331.28
22, 890, 72
All leased.
Banilad
Talisay-Manglanilla
Imus
Binan
Calamba
Lolomboy
Naic
Orion
Practically all leased or sold.
Santa Cruz de Malabon
Santa Maria de Pandi
Santa Rosa
Total area contracted for on
all estates, as abovQ re-
ported.
Grand total of area brought
forward from last quarterly
report.
12,031 2 93
36,583 89 02
91,681.26
243,354.30
101,022.63
606,204.67
Corrected amount as per at-
tached list of leases discon-
tinued.
Grand total of area contracted
for to date on all estates.
48,614 91 95
335,035.56
707, 227. 30
[Inclosure No. 44.]
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of July, 1908.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
Binagbag
53 and 168
h. a. c.
4 35 68
504 50 12
1,989 57 09
r 16. 24
Calamba
1223, 1224, 1226, 1227, 1229-1231, 1233, 1235-1242,
1245-1253, 1255, 1256, 1258-1261, 12tiS, 1265-1269,
1273-1275, 1277-1282, 1284-1287, 1290-1292, 1294-
1308, 1310, 1312-1370, 1373-1404, 1408, 1409, 1413-
1420, 1422-1426, 1429, 1431, 1432, 1434, 1430-1453,
1455-1468, 1470-1762, 786, 815, 1234, 1257, 1264,
1271, 1283, 1288, 1289, 1293, 1309, 1311, 1405, 1407.
1410, 1412, 1421, 1427, 1428, 1430, 1435, 1454A, and
1433 B.
555, 2143, 2144, 2148, 2149, 2150, 2168, 2173, 2177, 2181,
21S3, 2207, 2213, 2220, 2227, 2230, 2249, 2263, 2269,
2270, 2278, 2279, 2294, 2301, 2320, 2333, 2343, 2351,
2353, 2355, 2359, 2384, 2393, 2402, 2415, 2416, 2422,
2430, 2432, 2435, 2438, 2444, 2445, 2446, 2450, 2466,
2480, 2481, 2487, 2490, 2492, 2501, 2503, 2514, 2541,
2543, 2544, 2556, 2505, 2572, 2576, 2586, 2587, 2591,
2600, 2613, 2623, 2634, 2641, 2662, 2600, 2673, 2716,
2700, 2770, 2771, 2772, 2773, 2774, 2775, 2776, 2777,
2778, 2779, 2781, 2782, 2783-2839, 2841-2915, 2917-
2953, 2955-2989, 2991-3165, 3167-3201, 3203-3205,
3207-3313, 3315-3346, 3348-3378, 3380-3393, 3395-
3461, 3463-3622, 3625, 3027, 3631; 202, 358, 441, 444,
446, 467, 476, 498, 607, 611, 513, 666, 6:33, 722, 755,
867, 879, 880, 1028, 1051, 1269, 1331, 1639, 1841, 1915,
2103, 2229, 2367, 2510, 2594, 2840, 2954, 3394A.
3, 551. 98
Imus
4,684.48
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 191
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of July, 1908 — Continued.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
Lolomboy
1163-1305, 1307-1341, 1343-1570, 1572-1574, 1576-
1731, 1733-1737, 1739-1941, and 1151, 1306, 1342,
1571, 1575, 1732, 1738A.
38A...
h. a. c.
522 19 10
5 43 50
27 71 79
5 28 55
2 43 00
1 44 00
628 53 77
r3,361.64
64.36
229.52
33 12
Naic
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon
356, 388, 454, 469, 662, 756, 1101, 1293, 1319, 1333, 1413,
1414 A, and 1080B.
787 and 341, 352A
Santa Maria de Pandi
317 and 370
12.40
10.08
4,970.20
Tala
127A
Talisay-Minglanilla
579, 580, 582, 585-589, 594, 609, 611, 613, 616, 617, 625,
628, 630, 634, 635, 637, 638, 641, 646, 648, 650, 652,
657, 658, 662, 667, 668, 670-673, 676, 688-690, 698,
702, 716, 717, 719, 723, 725, 728, 733-735, 737, 742,
747, 751, 753, 758, 760, 761, 771, 775, 777, 779, 782,
783, 787, 789, 790, 792, 793, 799, 800, 802, 807, 812-
814, 819, 820, 824, 827, 828, 832, 833, 836, 847, 853,
854, 859, 865, 868, 869, 876, 879, 885-887, 889, 893,
895-897, 901-903. 905, 908, 912, 913, 916, 917, 919,
924, 931, 934, 938, 940, 941, 945, 949, 950, 953-955,
963, 965, 967, 970, 977, 984, 993, 996, 1011, 1013, 1021,
1026, 1027, 1029, 1031, 1033, 1039, 1041, 1043, 1046,
1047, 1050, 1056-1060, 1064, 1066, 1070, 1071, 1073,
1077, 1080, 1081, 1085-1087, 1091, 1096, 1103, 1105,
nil, 1113, 1121, 1135, 1139, 1141, 1145, 1149, 1156-
1158, 1161, 1162, 1164, 3169, 1176, 1179, 1185, 1187,
1189, 1193, 1194, 1203, 1205, 1206, 1208, 1209, 1211,
1213-1216, 1227, 1235, 1238, 1249, 1250, 1252, 1201,
1264, 1270, 1275, 1277-1325, 1327, 1330-1346, 1348-
1380, 1382-1402, 1404-1449, 1451-1492, 1494-1522,
1524-1570, 1572-1704, 1706-1731, 1733-1735, 1737-
1859, 1861-1870, 1872-1987, 1989-2035, 2037-2105,
2107-2194, 2197-2270, 2272-2282, 2284-2290; 6, 42,
71, 76, 83, 121, 148, 149, 183, 194, 317, 665, 935, 1132,
1271, 1276, 1347, 1381, 1403, 1450, 1523, 1571, 1705,
1732, 1736, 1988, 2030 A, and 1131B.
Total
3, 691 46 60
16,924.02
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of August , 1908.
Estate.
Banilad .
Binan .
Imus
San Francisco de Malabon.
No. of lease.
738, 742, 747, 11, 12, 25, 42, 47, 50, 53, 58, 65, 68, 84, 92,
93, 94, 97, 124, 134, 138, 150, 167, 179, 229, 232, 241,
244, 254, 283, 284, 301, 302, 310, 315, 322, 335, 342,
367, 406, 407, 413, 419, 427, 428, 431, 445, 459, 467,
475, 488, 497, 498, 503, 506, 509, 510, 513, 521, 525,
557, 611, 621, 622, 633, 664, 672, 690, 710, 715, 721,
722 A and 285, 348, 549, 559, 672 B.
129, 131, 133, 135, 136, 137, 140, 141, 145, 148, 149, 154,
155, 158, 100, 101, 102, 105, 107, 170, 173-178, 180,
181, 185, 189-191, 193, 194, 196, 199, 200, 202, 206,
208-211, 213, 215, 216, 217, 220, 221, 225, 226, 229,
230, 231, 233-236, 238, 242, 247, 248, 250, 253, 255,
256, 259, 260, 384, 386, 387, 391, 397-402, 404, 405,
408-414, 416, 419, 426-431, 434, 440, 442, 450, 451,
459, 402, 465, 468, 469, 471, 474, 476, 482, 484, 488,
496, 500, 507, 510, 520, 525, 536, 542, 643, 545, 547,
557, 559, 567, 57D, 573, 579, 620, 627-699, 701-953,
955-1040, 1042-1057, 1059-1179, 1181-1362, 1364-
1433, 1435-1594, 1596-1753, 1755-1839, 1841-1883,
and 14, 80, 102, 116, 134, 143, 156, 169, 184, 186, 241,
278, 403, 493, 494, 585, 597, 613, 700, 954, 1041, 1363,
1434, 1595, 1754 A.
1777 and I960 A..
108 and 886 A ' '.
Total area.
h. a. c.
150 48 00
46 06
14 42 40
Annual
rental.
f^l, 206.
11,652.
4.40
130. 24
192 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of August^ 1908 — Continued.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
h, a. c.
2, 258 86 37
Annual
rental.
Santa Rosa
157, 159-163, 165-167, 170, 171, 186-188, 194, 197, 200,
241,244,262, 267, 275, 282, 290, 291, 294, 295, 297,
298, 311-^16, 321, 322, 325, 326, 333, 336, 340, 343,
345, 355, 357, 359, 364, 366, 369-371, 373, 374, 376,
378-383, 385, 387, 388, 391, 394-396, 398, 399, 401-
403, 416, 417, 419, 421, 425, 428, 432, 434-437, 440,
450, 452, 453, 458-460, 463, 465, 466, 469, 473, 477-
479, 481, 625, 627, 636, 640, 553, 617, 620-623, 625,
629-636, 638-643, 645-647, 649, 650, 653-656, 658,
661-675, 677, 678, 683, 685-694, 699, 701, 703, 704,
706-708, 710, 712-714, 716, 719, 721, 723-726,
728, 730, 732-739, 741, 743-746, 749, 751-753, 755,
756, 758-767, 769-784, 786-790, 792-805, 807, 808,
810-822, 824-841, 843-849, 851-872, 874-890, 892-
951, 953-980, 982-992, 994-1068, 1070-1109, 1111-
1121, 1123-1135, 1134-1137, 1139-1166, 1168-1180,
1182-1255, 1257-1295, 1297-1331, 1333-1383, 1385-
1401, 1403-1408 and 16, 19, 26, 41, 44, 46, 50, 51, 73,
80, 86, 87, 93, 97, 102, 107, 109, 110, 111, 135, 140,
152, 155, 172. 173, 175, 208, 243, 249, 331, 332, 338,
342, 361, 377, 389, 393, 418, 422, 424, 439, 454, 524,
632, 551, 596, 628, 740, 748, 754, 806, 823, 842, 952,
981, 1122,1 256, 1332 A.
F16,015.66
Total
3, 651 20 89
29,008.92
List of leases canceled and discontinued during the month of September, 1908.
Estate.
No. of lease.
Total area.
Annual
rental.
Baniiad
55, 103, 131, 197, 359, 370, 408, 472, 612, 643, 663 A,
and 570 B.
460, 557, 658, 567, 577, 752, and 1225 A
h. a. c.
17 68 36
38 13 83
43 20
52 25 49
11 55 10
T85 84
Calamba
198 96
Lolomboy
712 and 857 A
4.16
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon
1619, 513, 601 1004, 1151, 1326, 1386, 1421, 1502, 1631 A,
and 308, 309, 315, 357 B.
162, 260, 373, 397, 482, 799, and 198, 943, 953, 1158 A. .
488.88
95.80
Total
120 05 98
873. 64
[Inclosure No. 45.]
Brooklyn, N. Y., January 29, 1907.
Hon. William H. Taft,
Secretary of War, Washington, D, C.
My Dear Mr. Secretary: In accordance with your request, I forward herewith a
statement of the progress made in the sale and leasing of friar lands up to October 1,
1906.
Since his appointment as chief of the bureau of public lands, Sleeper has shown
himself to be active, capable, and eflScient, and in view of the difficulties which have
been encountered I think that the showing he has made is quite satisfactory.
Sincerely,
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior, Philippine Insular Government.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
193
[Inclosure No> 46.1
Statement of progress on friar estates to October Jf, 1906.
BUREAU OF LANDS.
Name of estate.
Area of estate
as purchased.
Estimated amount of
land occupied.
No. of
leases
executed.
Land leased
temporarily.
Banilad
h. a. c.
1,925 0 0
294 75 0
3,659 0 0
13,673 0 0
928 93 0
945 68 40
18,243 0 0
19,891 0 0
5, 177 49 0
3,574 0 0
11 80 0
2,827 0 0
7,624 0 0
916 0 0
3,860 0 0
11,449 0 0
23,266 0 0
87 42 0
9,795 0 0
10,342 0 0
5,470 0 0
6,696 0 0
8,020 0 0
Hect.
963
236
2,286
2,051
929
851
6,020
199
4,142
2,502
12
424
3,812
732
1,158
2,862
Per cent.
50.0
80.0
67.5
15.0
100.0
90.0
33.0
1.0
80.0
70.0
100.0
15.0
50.0
80.0
30.0
25.0
680
187
1,745
1,293
310
403
3,242
76
1,783
938
1
379
971
399
383
1,412
h. a. c.
701 24 28
Binagbag
167 17 28
Binan
2,010 59 69
Calamba
1 869 80 33
Dampol
944 86 77
Guiguinto
848 51 90
Imus
4,034 18 63
109 85 0
Isabela . . .
Lolomboy
2,047 86 82
1,534 60 2
Malinta
Matamo
11 80 0
Muntinlupa
365 47 24
Nalc... .
2,406 47 57
732 3 6
Orion
Piedad .
584 47 91
San Francisco de Malabon
2,726 12 65
San Jose.
San Marcos
87
1,959
6,205
3,282
670
5,213
100.0
20.0
60.0
60.0
10.0
65.0
1
932
1,811
1,297
345
1,847
87 42 0
Santa Cruz de Malabon
1,325 69 49
Santa Maria de Pandi
3,648 27 80
2,718 81 86
373 5 30
Santa Rosa
Tala.
Talisay-Minglan
1,510 37 60
Total
158,676 7 40
46,595
29.4
20,425
30,758 73 10
Grand total
'
Amount of land
surveyed.
Total
contracted
annual
rental.
Adminis-
tration
expenses,
fiscal year
1906.
Collections.
Name of estate.
Fiscal
year
1906.
Three
months
1907.
Banilad.
Hect.
P.ct.
P-3,891.12
702. 16
19, 618. 72
17,079.70
4, 224. 96
5,835.92
25,927.00
1, 119. 28
13,432.20
8,834.66
68.00
997. 42
24,033.38
5,060.48
2,998.68
18,509.86
PI, 544. 18
2,055.19
9, 424. 77
13,885.24
4,312.49
4,719.84
26, 684. 17
9, 615. 02
9,944.02
7,136.06
74.18
1,020.29
7,912.45
1,561.96
2,955.95
21,883.83
5,781.67
407.98
7, 205. 90
8,211.99
11,297.25
2,013.58
7,982.03
Binagbag
294
2,147
888
929
945
3,593
14,918
473
536
12
100.0
58.7
6.5
100.0
100.0
19.7
75.0
9.1
15.0
100.0
r349. 68
5,800.00
6,506.66
3, 442. 40
5,307.10
17,833.98
F271.30
Binan
4,837.10
2,820.84
650.28
Calamba
Dampol.
Guiguinto
518. 98
Imus
5,288.60
897.00
Isabela
Lolomboy
5, 395. 20
4,317.72
68.00
357.09
9, 162. 14
2,718.34
1,552.18
14,872.43
970. 00
349. 68
4, 943. 56
4,886,01
8,501.99
1,267.14
3, 141. 66
1,793.84
Malinta
Matamo
Muntinlupa
169.85
Naic...
3,828.26
1,146.84
499. 32
Orion
697
76.2
Piedad..
San Francisco de Malabon
3,171
23,266
87
27.7
100.0
100.0
1,075.58
530.00
San Jose . .
San Marcos
349. 68
10, 744. 96
19,491.87
22,580.24
2,245.92
9,761.70
Santa Cruz de Malabon
2,371.30
4,840.30
Santa Maria de Pandi
506
1,334
4.9
24.4
Santa Rosa
6, 448. 19
Tala
338. 20
Talisay-Minglan
Total
53, 795
33.9
217,507.97
173, 240. 08
98,661,30
41,467.44
98,661.30
Grand total
140, 128. 74
LETTER
FROM
THE SECRETARY OF WAR,
TEANSMITTINQ
A REPORT FROM THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF THE PHILIPPINE
ISLANDS RELATIVE TO FRIAR LANDS.
June 11, 1910. — Referred to the Committee on Insular Affairs and ordered to be
printed.
War Department,
Washington, June 10, 1910,
Mr. Speaker: In letter of May 5, 1910, transmitting information
received from the governor-general of the Philippine Islands by cable
in compliance with resolution of the House of Representatives of
April 28, 1910, calling for certain information with reference to the
fubUc land in the Philippine Islands and the so-called '^ friar lands,"
stated that it should be possible to submit the detailed report by mail
on or about June 10. This report has now been received, and I beg
to transmit it herewith.
Very respectfully, J. M. Dickinson,
Secretary of War,
The Speaker of the House of Representatives.
194
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
195
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, or contracted to be sold or leased^
by the government oj the Philippine Islands since July 1, 1902, in tracts of more than
16 hectares to one person, or 1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of persons,
stating in each case the number of hectares sold or leased, or contracted to be sold or leased,
name of purchaser or lessee, and since such purchaser or lessee shall have attempted to
make such purchase as agent or factor for any other person, association, or corporation,
then the name of such person, association, or corporation, if known; whether such lands
were part of the public domain of the Philippine Islands or friar lands, the price or
rental paid or to be paid in each case; also applications pending for sale or lease of any
such lands in the Philippine Islands in lots or tracts of more than 16 hectares to any in-
dividual or 1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of individuals.
FRIAR LANDS SALES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON.
Purntiaser.
Adriana Sevillana
Victoria Rallos
Juan P. Gordoro
Anacleto Reyes
Jacinto Ycasiano
Augustin Mariano- -
Policarpio de Jesiis-
Pedro G. Gonzales
Monica Galvez
Claro Castro
Lazaro Buktaw ,
Manuel Casal ,
Conrado Ayllon ,
Eustaquio Avendano
Antonio Alva
Gervacio Alejandrino
Benigno Angelo
Juan Alano ,
Cayetano Bernardo
Pedro Bernardo ,
Doroteo Bulaong ,
Pedro Dimagiba
Pedro Figueroa y Manalo
Rosenda Mendoza ,
Andres Pascual
Martina Rodrigo
Geronimo Angeles
Remigio Bautista
Marcelo Buenaventura
Arcadio Constantino
Patricio Cuerpo
Esteban Daes
Faustino Duke
Raymundo Duran
Estanislao Francisco
Florencio Gregorio
Patricia Miranda
Roman Ramos
Nemesio Delfin Santiago
Gualberto Santos
Pascuala Serrano
Tiburcio Serrano
Ruflno D. Valenzuela
Joaquina Lanson
Vicente Rodriguez
Esperanza Monjon
Macario Santos
F. J. Banyea and Joseph Pollacek
Estanislao Espeleta
Bayanan plantation syndicate
E. L. Poole (understood to be agent
for Mr. Welch).
Francisco Mendoza
Leonardo Alagabre
Francisca Almeda
Petronila Almodovar
Francisco Arambulo
Florencio Balllon
Angel Bantatua
Sotero Battallanes
Narclso Batiller
Doroteo Carteclano
Gregorio Carteciano
Estate.
Banilad
do
do
Dampol
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Guiguinto...
dd
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Malinta
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Orion
do
do
-...do
Muntinlupa.
....do
....do
San Jos6
San Marcos .
Santa Rosa.
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Num-
ber of
Total area.
Sale value.
parcels.
11. A.
0.
2
19 14
25
PI, 184. 58
6
25 69
V3
1,509.84
11
18 03
38
25,995.91
2
39 89
87
6,633.97
1
26 25
31
4,869.13
2
39 35
34
6, 904. 26
3
20 93
08
3,679.22
3
59 14
34
10, 999. 41
2
03 34
98
11, 764. 09
5
24 79
66
4,818.11
1
43 67
04
7,644.14
1
127 87
35
24,372.71
4
44 76
21
8,114.78
5
65 37
20
12,306.07
j
20 44
01
3,577.86
1
37 93
13
7,001.00
1
38 83
34
6,798.00
5
26 90
39
5,015.44
9
27 04
00
5,803.38
12
19 44
15
4,038.00
2
17 37
55
3,583.88
12
19 69
63
3, 877. 00
8
17 30
58
3, 194. 98
2
53 92
66
10, 163. 04
2
19 05
31
3,621.99
7
29 71
20
6,037.91
3
16 37
27
2, 270. 18
2
29 54
94
2,967.64
6
41 13
77
5, 784. 12
3
31 34
85
7,445.32
8
30 15
25
6,295.64
5
46 52
69
9,926.26
8
25 36
18
5,068.18
3
16 72
85
2,800.72
2
17 20
60
1,360.72
7
16 68
92
2, 156. 96
8
37 14
89
13, 136. 20
2
19 81
61
2, 795. 12
7
49 11
12
9,266.42
2
18 39
22
2,527.16
4
39 08
29
6,748.38
10
22 87
59
3, 937. 76
7
21 26
69
3,875.00
1
19 20
61
3,078.93
1
22 94
12
3, 493. 82
5
21 97
22
2,753.72
1
74 63
75
1,244.37
3
308 28
m
10, 740. 32
19
42 40
18
2,953.40
1
123 00
16
4, 133. 00
2
22,484 81
50
734,000.00
1
87 32
89
14,839.50
7
23 47
91
5,988.76
17
72 86
82
15, 968. 09
8
15 47
97
3,653.52
20
20 31
37
6,572.52
7
24 50
68
6, 189. 72
6
33 90
60
7,574.40
1
24 14
52
4,702.44
6
66 41
74
13,126.80
4
60 32
40
9, 794. 32
8
36 04
25
8,907.80
196
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS SALES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
' PERSON— Continued.
Purchaser.
Estate.
Num-
i
ber of
Total area.
Sale value.
parcels.
E. A.
C.
7
17 39
87
^4,232.88
7
35 86
62
8,530.76
6
18 88
74
4,475.80
14
47 15
36
11,995.80
7
18 62
37
4,621.24
9
20 97
14
5,070.84
9
22 54
82
5,762.64
10
36 18
79
8,510,36
7
24 31
11
6,424.20
1
19 47
51
3,732.00
9
22 12
86
5,248.36
4
66 59
87
12, 774. 64
14
29 02
76
7,726.32
9
46 51
58
10,010.32
2
121 20
51
23,542.62
3
34 71
97
7, 376. 16
12
32 03
36
8, 180. 36
5
16 02
00
369. 40
47
120 90
00
29, 929. 78
18
51 96
49
11,849.68
Petrona Gomez
Antonio Gonzales
Francisco Gonzales
Ursula de Guzman
Teodorico Layon
Marcelo Leyco
Antonio Lljauco
Emilio Lijauco
Teodora Lijauco
Nicolas Limcaoco
Maria Manguerra
Z.K.Miller
Tumas Nepomoceno . .
Pablo Perlas
Pedro Perlas
Viturina de los Reyes .
DelflnVallejo
Ponciano Vallejo
Andres Zavalla
Angel Zavalla
Santa Rosa .
.....do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Total. — Eighty-two persons have purchased more than 16 hectares each of friar
lands since July 1, 1902 — 78 Filipinos and 4 Americans. No corporation has purchased
more than 1,024 hectares. No person is known to have purchased any friar lands aa
agent or factor for any other person. It is said that Mr. Edward L. Poole, who pur-
chased the San Jos6 estate, Mindoro, represents Mr. Welch, but purchase was made
in his own name.
Forty-three of above purchasers have one single tract exceeding 16 hectares; 3 have
two single tracts exceeding 16 hectares each; and 1 has three single tracts exceeding
16 hectares each.
No person is known to have purchased any friar lands as agent or factor for any cor-
poration or association of persons.
All the above sales have been made at prices and on terms as provided in acts Nos.
1120, 1847, and 1933.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON.
Baseon, Mauricio . . . .
Coverly, W. G
Denzon, Filomena. . .
Gabod, Rafaela
Knowles, J. F
Lamb, Robert N
Llorente, Martin
Osmefia, Tomas
Pulbejre, Maria
Sanson, Miguel
Teves, Vicente
Valle, Matlas
Vafio, Jaime
Almeda, Francisca . . .
Bayabo, Eleuterlo. . .
Beiisario, Faustino. . .
Carifio, Pedro T
Casano, Isidore
Crisologo, Manuela . . .
Dlmaraanan, Felipa.
Ferguson, Frank J. . .
Gana, Cirlaco
Gana, Filomena O . . .
Gana, Maria A
Estate.
Sanllad.
do..,
do..,
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
.....do..
do..
do..
do..
Bifian...
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Total
area.
Annual
rent.
H.
A.
C.
2
16
12
87
r4.00
16
37
44
82
41.00
8
18
88
61
38.00
5
18
69
11
10.00
3
23
57
09
49.00
39
86
80
81
55.00
1
48
35
27
131.00
2
39
27
07
96.00
2
28
65
67
43.00
4
21
19
57
54.00
2
20
78
52
53.00
4
19
81
76
31.00
2
28
08
26
70.00
6
17
20
63
215. 00
5
19
14
40
199. 00
5
16
00
72
154.00
18
21
09
72
175. 00
6
16
60
55
203.00
10
18
15
30
247. 00
5
16
41
60
204.00
13
141
97
00
668. 00
5
32
85
50
248.00
4
35
40
60
283.00
6
35
04
60
420.00
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased^ etc. — Continued.
197
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON— Continued.
Estate.
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Total area.
Annual
rent.
Jaojoco, Justinlano
Ocampo, Isabel
Padua, Catallna
Paz, Josefa de la
Quintos, Engracio
Rizal y Mercado, Felipa
Silva, Pastor de
Silva, Zacarias de
Thayer, A. F. (special)
Velasco, Lazaro
Yaptinchay, Maria
Yaptinchay, Pablo
Yatco, Jose
Yatco, Leoncio
Zarraga, Francisco
Zavalla, Angel
Alcala, Modesto
Alcala, Eustaquia
Alviar, Mamerta
ArambulO; Esteban
Banatin, Isidoro
Banaybanay, Juan
Belarmino, Felipe
Cailles, Isidoro
Flores, Manuel
Garcia, Lorenzo
Henry, James A
Hidalgo, Paulino
Johnson, Daniel B
Laureola, Vicente
Llamas, Nicolas.
Prieto, M
Pabalan, Procopio
Rohrer, L. T
Salgado, Arcadio
Salgado, Matias
Santos, Ramon
Shelledy, A.M
Thompson, W. E
Tuason, Aniceta
Vicente, Florencio
Thayer, A. F. (special)
Alba, Gaspar
Saracho, Gavina
Zobel, Petrona
Acuna, Anastacia
Acuna, Gregorio
Aguinaldo, Emilio (special)
Alarcon, Maximino
Alcantara, Simon
Alcantara, Soledad
Aledia, Felipe
Angeles, Higino M
Antonio, Primo
Antonio, Rufino
Bautista, Felix
Bautista, Gavina
Bautista, Gregorio
Bautista, Matias
Bautista, Roman
Campaiia, Ambrocio
Campana, Eugenia
Campana, Rafaela
Campos, Placido
Crudo, Cecilio
Dominguez, Mariano
Domingues y Manago, Mariano.,
Encamacion, Crisanta
Espiritu, Monico
Evangelista, Federico
Fauni, Gavino
Garcia, Jos6
Geda, Mamerto
Geronimo, Placida
Hano, Bemedicto
llano, Felipa
Bifian ...
do...
do...
.-..do....
--..do....
do...
do...
do...
....do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
Calamba.
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
-...do...
do...
do...
do...
do....
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
....do...
do...
Dampol..
do
do...
Imus
do...
do...
.....do.-.
do...
do...,
do....
do....
do...
do....
do....
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do...
do,..
12
12
7
6
4
5
15
9
. 15
11
15
8
12
12
20
5
7
7
4
16
4
4
4
9
12
3
4
3
4
5
9
33
12
1
12
6
6
5
3
7
10
124
2
5
3
3
7
5
6
4
8
3
2
4
2
5
7
12
9
6
7
2
2
19
4
14
4
11
5
1
10
4
2
5
9
i
H.
36
31
31
19
17
20
41
17
614
19
47
30
52
43
47
92
17
28
18
37
25
17
22
31
25
40
38
16
64
17
32
197
26
67
48
47
17
35
34
17
37
3,287
63
38
71
22
44
1,055
19
25
25
24
31
62
17
62
24
47
24
16
20
16
19
111
21
35
81
38
19
49
16
17
30
17
26
16
A. a
49 79
15 40
57 02
96 90
53 97
82 80
62 49
80 60
34 32
44 76
13 61
15 54
36 97
75 36
96 19
32 20
48 30
84 82
27 80
58 70
43 54
41 74
39 30
07 93
67 80
36 64
42 80
46 SO
61 60
73 90
07 50
16 17
02 36
64 00
62 92
98 16
36 28
00 00
00 00
76 65
61 87
67 56
16 65
95 87
54 55
82 31
23 99
82 32
73 88
59 76
19 77
20 95
03 75
57 60
52 61
00 33
40 94
06 12
94 65
26 57
19 11
28 12
51 42
09 30
12 19
39 35
35 85
96 13
56 15
42 50
88 81
78 14
44 63
91 58
37 14
03 44
r 447. 00
350.00
327.00
214.00
213.00
273.00
415.00
211.00
1,476.00
226.00
694.00
373.00
641.00
547.00
542.00
739,00
156.00
304.00
158.00
350.00
167.00
132.00
184.00
259.00
256.00
242.00
232.00
138.00
406.00
207.00
347.00
1,245.00
219.00
346.00
419.00
398.00
201.00
216.00
204.00
195.00
300.00
3,945.00
669.00
309.00
638.00
156.00
401.00
468.00
204.00
87.00
237.00
83.00
42.00
134.00
57.00
148.00
253.00
38L00
229.00
159.00
127.00
70.00
160.00
36L00
184.00
360.00
168.00
407.00
124.00
99.00
161.00
153.00
64.00
143.00
282.00
147.00
198
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Beport of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MOKE THAN 16 HECTARES TO^ ONE
PERSON-Continued.
Lessee.
Hano, Isldra
Jes6s, Lorenzo de
Lacson, Tiburcio
Leon, Gervacio de
Malicsi, Apolonia
Mallari, B14s..-
Mangubat, Doroteo
Mangubat, Isidro
Manalac, Mariano
Mendoza, Gregorio
Mendoza, Paulino
Monzon, Dominiano
Olaez^ J. F., and Mendoza, G .
Osteria, Domingo
Pacifico, Luis
Pauganiba, Emilia
Paredes, Doroteo
Paredes, Epifanio
Paredes, Felix B
Paredes, Mariano
Quilao, Pedro
Reyes, Andres
Reyes, Francisca
Rosario, Hilaria del
Rosario, Juan del
Rosario, Maria del
Sabali, Luisa
Sabater, Joaquina
Sabater, Julia
Sabater, Tomas
Sagenes, Lorenza
Salasbar, Justo
Samson, Francisco
Santos, Catalina
Sapinoso, Sixto
Saprid, Bartolorae
Sayoto, Basiiia
Sayoto, Juan.
Siapuatco, Andres
Tirona, Guillermo
Tirona, Leocadia
Tirona, Stmona
Topacio, Adelaida
Topaeio, Eladio
Topacio, Rugenio
Topacio, Felipe
Topacio, Potenciana
Topacio, Teodorica
Torres, Ladislao
Villanueva, Estanislao
E. B. Bruce (special)
Arcega, Anastacio
Arcega, Ciriaco
Avancefia, Mariano
Bernardino, Juan
Carmen, Teofilo del
Concepclon, Pedro
Cruz, Diego de la
Cruz, Dlonisio de la
Cruz, Pedro de la
Cruz, Valeriano de la
Diaz, Eulalio
Dilag, Juana
Dilag, Justina
Fabian, Juan
Flores, Apolonia
Francisca, Ana
Hipollto, Jos4t
Jesiis, Juande
Luciano, Alejandro.
Lucio, Juan
Luis, Jos6 S
Luis, Uldarlco San
Mateo, Pascual
Mendoza, Fabian
Mendoza, Guillermo
Mendoza, Satumina
Estate,
Imus
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
.....do
do
do.....
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
.....do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Isabela
Lolomboy.
do
do
do
do
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Total area.
//.
62
24
16
30
32
24
26
40
24
17
23
26
20
70
24
21
21
49
17
21
35
77
24
17
52
20
23
20
23
23
18
47
18
17
34
20
43
35
22
23
18
16
16
112
118
17
16
28
21
20
19, 448
17
22
20
19
20
44
16
22
23
26
19
37
18
16
49
23
20
18
21
19
19
17
53
16
30
18
25 96
00 92
06 40
19 37
57 35
41 37
29 94
13 00
78 75
58 64
89 38
47 30
00 00
96 56
90 56
62 75
52 19
44 63
47 87
31 44
48 92
99 m
52 28
50 57
43 31
57 76
38 57
00 65
44 69
57 50
71 56
17 88
68 71
65 32
58 38
32 73
76 02
91 69
83 25
45 56
33 13
48 13
82 50
06 27
22 79
49 82
00 82
79 89
33 74
18 14
35 44
73 40
16 93
88 50
85 60
29 79
30 79
81 24
85 40
68 06
32 00
29 69
59 69
13 31
27 10
15 30
55 20
28 20
69 61
62 63
56 75
08 09
13 40
48 67
10 80
26 98
02 89
Annual
rent.
F574. 00
119. 00
114. 00
130. 00
114.00
227.00
98.00
83.00
25.00
116. 00
82.00
78.00
20.00
607.00
212. 00
186. 00
200. 00
422.00
189. 00
128. 00
307.00
278. 00
234.00
170. 00
525. 00
180.00
188. 00
160. 00
205. 00
173. 00
152. 00
188.00
62.00
183. 00
211.00
222. 00
92.00
74.00
124.00
311.00
60.00
159.00
34.00
698.00
125.00
179.00
142. 00
299. 00
175. 00
205. 00
200.00
77.96
65.08
66.00
6.50
123. 70
103.07
49.52
101.46
87.16
101. 48
3(). 82
173. 62
84.64
116.96
160. 78
42. 68
137. 80
102. 11
72.38
98.00
84.70
74.12
259. 24
67.92
360. 36
80.80
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
199
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONB
PERSON— Continued.
Lessee.
Estate.
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Total area.
Annual
rent.
Miguel, Cipriano de San
Lolomboy
9
9
15
11
10
2
17
17
8
6
5
12
8
5
1
5
1
3
8
2
7
23
10
7
15
5
7
5
1
6
3
1
6
2
15
8
11
1
18
1
8
i
6
9
5
8
8
2
10
6
]
6
3
1
1
5
6
13
20
5
5
2
5
10
4
4
7
6
3
H. A. a
19 72 40
16 45 20
16 85 11
20 76 96
25 32 90
28 31 20
32 20 39
32 37 37
16 97 96
19 12 00
17 60 00
21 50 62
16 63 28
71 60 57
16 53 67
60 93 97
30 00 00
79 32 34
17 51 89
16 30 44
19 97 40
136 83 53
45 26 41
29 73 29
47 19 09
17 25 34
32 48 84
34 50 63
17 92 13
28 71 84
22 38 33
19 57 24
200 00 00
42 25 26
18 63 00
31 47 71
64 08 57
30 98 83
226 19 26
50 29 92
63 22 65
17 55 20
19 14 40
53 20 74
17 12 30
133 09 72
31 93 46
46 43 47
25 63 01
54 49 21
20 19 81
18 50 34
59 07 66
79 69 84
21 26 92
67 05 96
118 78 00
27 88 81
29 53 94
16 82 43
17 12 00
21 90 20
16 43 37
21 15 50
58 90 91
30 36 21
20 05 04
22 13 20
17 66 80
16 70 20
23 80 23
17 06 00
30 40 50
30 67 51
29 57 45
32 37 20
P83 96
Nicolas, Rosendo
do
66 74
Nicolas, Tito
do
86 68
Pablo, Jos6 San
.do
129 98
Porciuncula, Modesto
do
87* 12
Ramos, Cadido
... .do
82 64
Reyes, Enrique de los
do
128 88
Santiago, Jos^
do
156.24
71 49
Sebastian, Manuel
. .do
Serapio, Dionisia J
do
90.56
65 82
Serapio, Jos6 J
...do. .
Villanueva, Manuel
do
177 62
Ygnacio, Raymundo
. ...do
84 40
Alejo, Braulio
Naic
191 00
Arcena, Santiago
do
33 00
Arenas, Caya
do
466 00
Arenas, Flora
do
60 00
Beelar, Charles
. ...do
214 00
Benedicto, Cipriano
do
104 00
Bergado, Marcelino
do .-
68 00
Buenviaje, Eustaquia
do
120 00
Bustamente, Cristobal
do . ..
825 00
Catibayan, Santiago
do
293 00
Cayas, Julio
do
267 00
Cena, Bias
do
583. 00
208 00
Cena, Lorenzo
do
David, Isabel
do
383 00
Echenique, Baldomera
do
420 00
Garcia, Miguel
do.. .
50 00
Jinahon, Honoria
do
363.00
232 00
Joco, Vicente
do
Lagac, Abdon
-. .do
88 00
Legaspi, Julian
do
400 00
Montoya, Romdn
do
283 00
Nazareno, Gabriel
... do
52 00
Nazareno, Jose
do
360 00
Nazareno, Marcial
-. do
31') QQ
Nazareno, Simeon
do
351 00
Oleson and Willoamson
do
452 00
Paman, Gregorio .;
do. . . .
229 00
Papa, Catalina
do
709 00
Papa, Maria
do
217 00
Perea, Balasia
.do
113 00
Pilpil, Norberto
do. . .
216 00
Poblete, Antonina
do
198 00
Poblete, Consolaci6n
do ... .
631 00
Poblete, Matias ... .
do
165. 00
308 00
Poblete, Pio
do
Poblete, Ramon
do
266 00
Rebollo, Pelagia
do
305 00
Konquillo, Justo
do
137 00
Sismaet, Prudencia
do
180 00
Tanega, Honorata
do
331 00
Upham, H. G
do
160.00
250 00
V^Eisquez, Marcial
do
Velazco, Sixto
do ;:. . .
278. 00
238 00
Villafrancia, Policarpio
do
Yncoy, Vicente
do
158 00
Yuvienco, Guillermo
do _.
174 00
Aguinaldo, Dionisio
Pandi
do
79 00
Ana, Sinforoso Santa
68 00
Avendano, Eustaquio
.. ..do
131 00
Avendano Venancio
do
100 00
Bernardo, Leoncio
. ..do ....
80 00
Bernardo, Mariano
do
337 00
Buenaventura, Maria San
do
236. 00
Buenaventura, Pedro San
do . -
97 00
Bulaon, Bernardino. .
.do.
121 00
Cartilla, Jos6
do
106 00
Cruz, Faustino de la
.do. . .
70 00
Cruz, Nemesio G
do
115 00
Cruz, Raimundo de la.. . .
. .do
103 00
Cruz, Rufino de la
do
150.00
Cruz, Severa de la
. .do
198 00
Correa, Francisca
do
179.00
Domingo, Atanasio
do
167.00
200
ADMIKISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased , etc, — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON— Continued.
Estate.
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Total
area.
H.
A. a
6
17
63 20
4
18
66 91
6
29
09 02
5
17
93 24
14
17
22 40
3
24
09 63
2
23
40 20
2
16
99 19
12
20
56 65
8
17
31 21
11
55
78 00
4
16
37 67
6
20
32 87
6
26
96 68
7
21
89 83
4
19
28 36
6
28
69 23
6
22
03 02
10
18
81 39
3
19
63 60
6
22
06 61
7
29
01 29
7
31
66 53
4
17
85 14
3
18
60 60
3
16
81 20
4
18
55 40
2
16
69 99
9
33
03 62
11
18
44 85
10
18
44 55
12
21
76 75
10
22
79 86
10
27
29 16
7
16
05 18
7
19
14 69
8
28
44 20
3
16
75 16
10
27
72 62
6
16
44 82
9
16
66 26
11
21
56 47
7
24
73 96
4
20
42 68
3
22
45 36
8
18
10 60
14
37
06 54
9
16
32 98
17
16
97 05
4
22
68 45
8
25
29 88
8
18
30 22
3
18
74 15
3
20
15 86
4
17
30 80
12
18
08 18
11
22
43 68
9
47
02 20
8
23
72 60
6
26
76 50
6
19
11 00
4
99
92 00
5
37
65 80
2
21
25 20
4
17
03 80
3
31
69 70
7
24
85 00
2
22
27 40
1
61
98 80
1
16
42 00
6
148
08 20
2
24
29 20
2
61
02 00
22
679
79 01
2
26
26 30
1
20
63 20
Annual
rent.
Domingo, Pablo
Estrella, Apolinario
Estrella, Luis
Fabian, Juan
Fernandez, Maximo
Garcia, Jos6.
Garcia, Paula
Garcia, Petrona
Geraldez, Pio
Germar, Feliciano
Germar Cruz, Josefa
Gloria, Pascuala.
Gumatay , Paula
Guzman, Cornelio de
Guzman, Simeon de
Halili, Saturnino
Jacinto, Felix
Jesus, Manuela de
Jestis Serapio, Mariano de .
Joaquico, Maximo
Jos6, Crispino S
Juan, Martin
Libiran, Eulalia
Marcos, Carlos
Marquez, Eugenio
Marquez, Faustino
Marquez, Gregorio
Marquez, Jos6
Marquez, Manuel
Mendoza, Juan
Mendoza, Mariano
Monsayac, Francisca
Perez, Francisco
Perez, Gregorio
Perez, Jos6
Perez, Enriquez Maria
Ramos, Calixto
Resurreccion, Leoncio
Reyes, Anselmo
Reyes, Francisco
Reyes, Gabriela de los
Reyes , Prudencio
Rialosa, Maria ,
Robies. Catalina ,
Roco, Agapita
Rodriguez, Agapita
Rosario, Damaso del
Salazar, Simeona ,
Santiago, Dalmacio ,
Santiago, Eduardo ,
Santiago, Petronilo
Santos, Andrea de los
Santos. Guillermo ,
Sebastian, Gabriela
Sison, Florentino
Vera, Pedro de
Vera, Severo de
ViUarma, Nieves
Villarama , Vicente ,
Ygnacio, Felipe G
Zuniga, Ciriaco
Alberto, Modesto
Bartolome, Antonino
Cagahastia, Ignacio
Csuderon, Silvino ,
Carlos, Fausto
Carreon, Teodoro
CeeUio, Cirila
Clemefia, Nemesio ,
Cleofas, Isidro
Cris<5stomo, Mariano ,
Cruz, Policarpo ,
Dagala, Bernardo
Dancel.A. (Special)
Diego, Benedicto San
Di]aaianta« Telesibro
Pandl..
do..
do..
do-.
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
,....do..
.....do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
....do..
do..
....do..
do..
do..
-...do..
do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
...-do-.
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do.,
.-..do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do.-
....do..
-...do..
....do..
Piedad.
....do.,
-...do..
....do..
,...do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do.-
....do..
....do..
....do..
ADMINISTKATION- OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
201
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, ete.— Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON— Continued.
Lessee.
Dumipa, Gregorio
Francia, Cipriano
Francisco, Brigido
Francisco, Gregorio. . .
Guda, Manuel de
Labodajon, Bernab6. .
Lazaro, Petrona
Ong, Claro
Punsalan, Sinforosa. . .
Ragundias, Mateo
Ramirez, Mauricio
Ramirez, Romauldo. .
Ramoy, Matias
Salazar, Francisco
Sanchez, Emilio
Sarmiento, Geronima.
Susano, Tomas A
Teotico, Pelagic
Trinidad, Jacoba
Victorio, Ramon
Abad, Esteban
Area, Aquilino
Area, Hugo C
Area, Petrona
Arcega, Florencia
Arcusa, Paula
Arena!, Aquilino
Arive, Jacinta.
Bocalan, Eladio
Bocalan, Eusebia
Cenizal, Camila
Cenizal, Dorotea
Estacion, Silvestre
Estacion, Tomas
Fojas, Agapito
Fojas, Anastacio
Fojas, Isidro
Guason, Magdalena
Jiminez, Leoncio
Manson, Whlttaker, and Sanderson.
Montano, Eulalio
Montano, Pedro T
Prudente, Amado
Pulido, Eustaqula
Rosario, Hermenegildo del
Rosario, Victorian© del
Soils, Macario
Soils, Valentin
Soriano, Leoncio
Sosa, Aurea
Sosa, Feliciano
Torres, Lorenzo
Valencia, Francisco
Virata, Antonio
Bocalan, Teodora
Abueg, Isidro
Abutin, Macaria
Arnaido, Asuncion
Arnaldo, Catalino
Amaldo, Estanislao
Arnaldo, Mamerta
Arnaldo, Ponciano
Asistores, Macario
Abancefia, Cirilo
Brosas, Antonio
Clamor, Simplicia
Calorina, Bonifacio
Colmenar, Domingo
Colmenar, Gregoria
Colmenar, Sgundo
Cord Cruz, Josefa M
Crisostomo, Valeriano
Deseo, Mariano
Ferrer, Luis
Franco, Romana
Gaerlan, Abraham
Estate.
Piedad .
do..
do..
....do..
do..
....do.,
-...do..
do..
....do..
....do.,
-...do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
.do.
.do.
.do.
Num-
ber of
parcels.
Santa Cruz de Malabon.
do...
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
San Francisco de Malabon .
.do
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
Total area.
H. A. a
24 36 90
25 00 00
22 43 70
16 04 00
20 73 50
16 93 00
28 m 80
126 97 60
33 46 00
16 82 60
19 66 90
22 83 00
19 39 70
17 98 00
53 50
40 67
24 61 10
24 94 00
17 52 60
46 99 20
19 72 39
23 m 66
19 67 05
18 64
27 33
22 62 21
33 38
19 67 03
85 42 12
19 02 95
27 30 30
24 25 45
24 64 62
38 65 81
59 48 60
32 57 59
31 45 42
16 55 37
25 52 29
237 51 60
20 99 86
22 76 80
16 43 37
34 79 99
24 00 15
17 93 20
20 49 88
17 58 20
22 75 93
32 02 29
20 78 69
27 74 40
34 81 60
42 70 40
24 03 01
20 22 70
23 25 60
18 13 75
87 50 35
43 41 05
41 54 58
30 97 80
17 96 75
23 65 50
35 56 85
19 75 18
18 26 66
68 64 61
19 57 95
72 59 75
34 19 90
19 43 00
54 46 26
136 97 12
42 96 55
27 73 44
Annual
rent.
82278''— H. Bept. 2289, 61-3 11
202
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, 01^ MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON— Continued.
Estate.
Num-
ber of
parcels,
Total area.
Annual
rent.
Granados, Teodorica ^
Jocson, Margarita
Joya, Florentine
Leano, Zacarias
Loren, Juana
LumuBsad, Crisanto
Madriaga, Gerarda
Mangubat, Doroteo
Monton, Esteban
Morente, Modesto
Nocon, Andrea
Nocon, Valeriano
Olimpo, Cipriano ,
Orate, Juana
Palina, Pablo
Patricio, Francisco and Ramirez,
Can u to,
Pio Rodas, Lucia
Potente, Bernardo
Ramos, E ustacio
Racjucfio, Cataiino
Reyes, Andres
Reyes, Vicente
Rosario, Ililaria del
Rosario, Juan del
Rosario, Maria del
Sales, Francisco
Santiago, 1'] ulogio
Sison, Manuel
Suasa, Felix
Trias, Bernabe
Trias, Felisa
Trias, Julita
Trias, Manuela.
Trias, Mariano
Trias y Closas, Maximino
Trias, Pedro
Velazeo, Carlos
Soto, Quiteria
Ararnbulo, German
Bailon, Florcncia
Batallones, Sancho
Limcauco, Nicolas
Manguerra, Pablo
Yaptinchay, Maria
Zavalla, David
Hemedes, Jos6
Altiveros, Miguel
Buendia, Maria
Carpenter, F. W. (special)
Constantino, Arcadio
Crisostomo J Mariano
Cruz, Basilio de la
Cruz, Innonencia de la
Cruz, Nicolas G
Cruz, Pedro de la
Daez, Adriano
Deato, Pascual
Diaz, Adriano
Enrile, Domingo M
Guansing, Enoc
Guia, Manuel de
Hernandez, Melesio ,
Ignacio, Lucio
Leal, Sotero. .•
Manalo, Santiago
Mendoza, Eugenio
Mendoza, Victor
Ponciano, Leopoldo
Ramos de la Cruz, Gregorio
Resurreccion, Arcadio
Santillan, Gregorio
Santos, Maria de los
Serrano, Juliana
Tansinco, Buenaventura
Yftieniuela, Anselmo,,,,,,,,,
San Francisco de Malabon . .
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
....do
do
....do
....do
....do
...-do
....do
....do
....do
....do
do
....do
..-.do
...-do
do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
do
do
Santa Rosa.
do......
do
do
do
do
do
do
Tala
do
do
do
-...do
do
-...do
....do
do
....do
do
do
do
do
do
do
-...do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do ,
32
197
3
14
4
5
40
11
3
7
4
14
3
2
4
3
1
5
7
8
3
12
13
12
6
3
IT. A. a
If) 06 14
30 51 63
21 93 20
74 46 72
27 95 64
30 47 53
28 66 33
22 56 00
36 08 58
•19 70 38
94
29
66
26
32
25
44
22
30
32
45
17
18
18
170
37
134
41
27
95
74
51
46
19
652
2,067
43
252
18
21
798
30
16
29
42
346
75
24
50
75
20
19
30
21
29
300
227
300
16
16
24
30
25 02
53 51
20 65 83
29 08 63
33 47 02
134 76 00
80 10
83 41
92 59
90 ()5
55 07
12 65
84 05
09 65
86 40
67 30
26 60
23 95
96 .70
96 88
46 75
14 28
94 19
54 92
57 38
()8 38
76 87
87 91
62 01
08 08
00 36
14 36
77 17
61 46
13 84
07 26
51 76
51 10
83 89
48 60
33 52
95 80
46 77
28 73
64 52
90 00
97 80
97 63
54 60
00 00
72 00
90 40
00 00
38 94
30 53
58 00
46 00
29 24
00 00
97 05
00 00
80 20
90 00
20 60
73 ao
F119.68
226. 20
219. 36
168. 52
198. 32
206. 76
259.68
122. 64
305. 12
136. 00
108.68
175.60
78.12
167. 96
76.96
377. 32
237. 36
278. 00
221. 28
311. 28
153. 36
140.04
149. 88
224. 48
197. 20
689.04
271. 48
252. 48
175. 28
135. 64
176. 96
988. 28
^30. 72
660. 72
242. 72
242.80
263. 66
247. 12
1,174.00
538. 00
422. 00
244.00
927.00
620.00
491.00
368.00
19.00
654.00
836. 20
44.00
252.00
114.00
71.00
799. 00
79.00
68.00
154.00
88.00
347.00
75.00
49.00
65.00
75.00
20.00
65.00
86.00
123.00
36.00'
300. 00
229.00.
300. 00
103. 00'
114.00
85.00
112,00*
ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
203
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
FRIAR LANDS LEASES SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON— Continued.
Lessee.
Estate.
Num-
ber of
parcels,
Total area.
Annual
rent.
Valenzuela, Plo
Wenceslao, Julian
Abarques, Toriblo
Alburo, Leoncio
Dejos, Domingo
Fernandez, Eugenic
Gandionco, Hilario
Larrobis, Canuto E
Osmefia, Tomas
Rosario, Tereza
Ramos, Mariano
Resurreccion, Celestino..
Tala....
do..
Talisay.
do..
do-.
do..
do..
do..
do..
do..
Pandi..
do..
H. A. C.
98 83 60
33 46 80
16 75 35
37 41 86
23 89
24 43
18 56 40
28 15 80
54 55 69
27 76 00
44 54 06
31 92 13
P119.00
34.00
138.32
270. 08
127.80
261.44
151.00
140. 84
437. 64
224. 40
230.00
167.00
There are 492 persons having leases of more than 16 hectares each of friar lands.
Four hundred and seventy-five are signed by Filipinos, 15 by Americans, and 2 by
Englishmen. Three leases on the Dampol estate and eight on the Santa Rosa estate
are three-year leases, and the rate of rent is fixed at 5 per cent per annum of the value
of the land. Thirteen leases on the Baniland estate are one-year leases, and the rate
of rent is fixed at 5 per cent per annum of the value of the land. All other leases,
except those marked "Special" are one-year leases, and the rent is fixed according to
the schedule marked ' ' Exhibit A . " Leases marked * ' Special " in the tabulation have
special conditions, as follows:
A. F. Thayer, said to represent Mr. Dillingham, has leases for 15 parcels on the
Biiian estate, aggregating 1,614 hectares 34 areas and 32 centares, at a monthly rental
of F^O.20 per hectare. Other conditions the same as in regular leases.
A. F. Thayer, said to represent Mr. Dillingham, has leases for 124 parcels on the
Calamba estate, aggregating 3,287 hectares 57 areas and 55 centares, at a monthly
rental of F^O.20 per hectare. Both of the above leases run for six months. Other
conditions similar to regular leases.
Emilio Aguinaldo has a special lease for 1,050 hectares on the Imus estate. One-
year lease, rent at ^0.40 per hectare per annum. Other conditions same as in regular
leases.
E. B. Bruce has a special lease for 160 parcels on the Isabela estate, aggregating
19,448 hectares 35 areas and 44 centares, for all the unoccupied land on said estate
on the following terms: Rent, ^^200 per annum; lessee shall cause at his own expense
a thorough soil analysis and investigation by a competent expert for the purpose of
determining the value of the estate for agricultural purposes, estimate of cost of which
investigation is ^12,000. Lease runs for one year. Lessee may purchase at the
valuation fixed by the provisions of act No. 1120 on or before the expiration of lease.
Should lessee not exercise right to purchase within the period stated, the report of
the expert, including all statistics and data prepared, shall be turned over and become
the property of the insular government. It is understood that Mr. Bruce has as his
associates Mr. Olsen, of the firm of W. E. Olsen & Co., Mr. Lowenstein, of the firm of
Castle Brothers, Wolf & Sons, and one or two other Americans in Manila.
Arturo Dancel has a special lease on the Piedad estate, covering 22 parcels, aggre-
gating 579 hectares, 79 areas, and 1 centare. Rent at T'0.20 per hectare per annum
until the land produces a marketable crop valued at ^^1.50 per hectare or more, from
which time the annual rental is to be increased to ^^1.50 per hectare per annum.
Lease runs for three years and lessee further agrees to place the entire tract under
cultivation within the term of his lease.
Frank W. Carpenter has a special lease on the Tala estate of 197 parcels aggregating
2,067 hectares, 83 areas, and 89 centares, at the rate of P°0.20 per hectare per annum on
vacant lands until marketable crop is produced therefrom, which will net the lessee
more than the amount of his rent, after which the rental shall be increased to 1P1.50
per hectare per annum during the balance of the term of the lease. Lessee has the
right to purchase at the expiration of the lease, under the provisions of act No. 1120.
Lessee further binds himself to rent all vacant lands on the Tala estate or lands now
occupied which may become vacant. The entire area covered by lease to be under
204
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, e^c— Continued.
cultivation at the end of three years. Lessee to increase the cultivated area each
year in direct proportion to the total amount leased.
All of the above special leases were made for the express purpose of extending culti-
vation on unoccupied tracts of friar lands, upon the value of which the government
is paying interest at the rate of 4 per cent per annum.
No person is known to have leased any friar lands as agent or factor for any other
person, corporation, or association of persons, except as herein mentioned, and no
corporation has leased more than 1,024 hectares of friar lands.
APPLICATIONS FOR PURCHASE OF FRIAR LANDS OF MORE fcTHAN 16 HECTARES
BY ANY PERSON OR 1,024 HECTARES BY A CORPORATION OR ASSOCIATION OF
PERSONS.
Mr. A. F. Thayer (said to represent Mr. Dillingham) has made application to pur-
chase at the price fixed by law 1,200 hectares of the Santa Rosa estate, all of which
land is now vacant.
SALES AND LEASES OF PUBLIC LANDS AND APPLICATIONS FOR SAME IN EXCESS
OF 16 HECTARES TO ONE PERSON OR 1,024 HECTARES TO ANY CORPORATION OR
ASSOCIATION OF PERSONS.
No public lands of the Philippine Islands have been sold in excess of 16 hectares to
any one person or 1,024 hectares to any corporation or association of persons since
July 1, 1902, nor is it known that any agent or factor for any other person, association,
or corporation has attempted to make such purchase. No applications for purchase
of public lands in excess of the limits mentioned above have been received.
Application for purchase of 930 hectares of public land in Mindoro has been made
by the San Carlos Agricultural Company, E. L. Hamann, secretary, signed by Edward
L. Poole, managing agent.
Application for purchase of 832 hectares of public land in Mindoro has been made
by the San Francisco Agricultural Company, Charles McMullen, secretary, applica-
tion signed by Edward L. Poole, managing agent.
Application has been made for the purchase of 832 hectares of public land in Mindoro
by the San Mateo Agricultural Company, K. M. Nealon, secretary, application signed
by Edward L. Poole, managing agent.
The three above-mentioned corporations are organized under the laws of the State of
California, duly registered in the Philippine Islands. The three tracts of land applied
or are adjoining and lie immediately south of the San Jose friar estate, Mindoro,
and connect said estate along the China Sea with Mangarin Bay, the nearest available
harbor.
LEASES OF PUBLIC LAND SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HECTARES TO ONE
PERSON.
Lessee.
Area.
Time.
Rent per
hectare
per
annum.
W. B. Dawson
Hectares.
83
128
74
124
977
Years.
25
25
25
25
25
ro.50
Louis Gordon -.
.50
R.V.Baldwin
.50
Frank Shienherd . . .--.
.50
E. L. Worcester
.50
Total leases, 5, all Americans.
ADMINISTBATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
205
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Continued.
LEASES OF PUBLIC LAND APPLIED FOR SINCE JULY 1,1902, OF MORE THAN 16 HEC-
TARES TO ONE PERSON.
Applicant.
Area
applied
Time.
Rental to be paid.
Ira D. Cobb
Hectares.
48
451
1,024
100
80
104
105
422
1,024
327
80
896
896
340
576
18
70
187
18
50
47
49
21
68
33
576
27
100
51
24
204
92
28
22
255
140
231
1,000
1,024
41
64
100
85
38
40
36
38
30
33
64
79
266
418
500
31
17
32
21
26
100
81
350
148
74
45
27
21
86
25
38
84
30
1,020
100
28
Years.
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
,25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
See section 27, act 926.
Do
O.V.Wood
Loren L. Day
Do
M.A.McCleod
Do.
Jose Miranda
Do
Gabino R. Bautista
Do.
Francisco Bangoy
Do
John Clark
Do.
Mary Carrigan
Do
J. M. Liddell
Do.
Alejandro Manalo
Do.
M. L. McCuUough
Do.
J. H. McCullougli
Do.
Leora J. Day
Do.
C. H. Sawyer
Do.
Felipe Bantayan
Do,
Dalmacio Agton . ...
Do.
Estanislao Gil
Do.
Basilio Villanueva
Do.
Silvestre Jandoc
Do
Tomas Zapata ...
Do,
Eduardo Laching
Do.
Sabas Fuentes ^ . . . .
Do.
Domingo Loteria
Do.
Segundo Esperat ....
Do.
E. W. Ames
Do.
Policarpio Pugida
Do,
Segundo Perez
Do.
Enriqueta Bustamente ...
Do.
Nazario Jos6
Do.
G. W. Langford
Do.
Domingo E llazor
Do.
Evarlsto de los Santos
Do.
Marcelo Pio
Do.
Guillermo Garcia
Do.
Chas. E. Wade
Do.
Antonio Matute
Do.
J.R.Wilson
Do.
Vicente Lukban
Do.
Arsenio Villarosa
Do.
Virgilio Baileon
Do.
Juan Palanca
Do.
J. L. Perrin
Do.
Mariano Perez
Do.
Daniel Perez
Do.
Anacleta Nunez
Do.
Enrique Novarro
Do.
M. V. Sanson
Do.
Felipe Semiana
Do,
Antonio Tancontian .
Do.
Samuel Novarro
Do.
Inocencio Perez
Do.
Sebastian Matute
Do.
Geo. S. Worcester
Do.
Mariano Osorio
Do,
Pablo Catubog
Do,
Braulio Reyes
Do,
Angel Boston
Do.
P.A.Hill
Do,
E . B . Bruce
Do.
W.H.Lawrence
Do.
Z.K.Miller
Do.
H. C. Reisser
Do.
Mariano P. Gil
Do.
Bunod
Do.
Ciriaco Guday
Do.
Modesto Barrera
Do.
Vicente Bualan
Do.
Romana Munoz
Do.
Isidro Pablo
Do.
Nieves Quesada
Do.
Ayao
Do.
Lewis Main
Do.
0. B. Burrell ..' .
Do.
Luis Baldomero
Do.
206
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Report of lands in the Philippine Islands sold or leased, etc. — Contiiiued
LEASES OF PUBLIC LAND APPLIED FOR SINCE JULY 1, 1902, OF MORE TEtAN 16
HECTARES TO ONE PERSON— Continued.
Applicant.
Q. W. Day wait
Enrique Bustamente.
Severo Samal
Justlno Bongoy
Claudio Quesada
Enrique Navarro
Jos6 Tega
Area
applied
for.
Time.
Hectares,
Years.
400
25
21
25
26
25
53
25
30
25
24
25
31
25
Rental to be paid.
See section 27, act 926.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do
Do.
Total number of applicants.
American applicants
Filipino applicants
83
24
58
No leases of more than 16 hectares to an individual, or 1,024 hectares to a corporation
or association of persons, have been made of public lands in the Philippine Islands,
and no such leases have been applied for, nor is it known that any person acting as
agent or factor for any other person, association, or corporation has leased or applied
to lease such lands in excess of the limit mentioned above, except as mentioned in
this report.
Respectfully submitted.
C. W. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Baguio, Benguet, May 5, 1910.
Exhibit A. — Schedule of rents on friar lands.
After sale value is known, 5 per cent of value of land. Until such values are known,
rents will be collected as follows:
Lots, per
hectare per annum.
Estate.
Urban.
Rural.
First
class.
Second
class.
Third
class.
First
class.
Second
class.
Bifian
ri.oo
1.00
1.00
ro.5o
.50
.50
ro.25
.25
.25
F0.20
.50
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
TO. 10
Calamba
.20
Imus
.10
Lolomboy
.10
Muntinlupa
.10
Naic
1.00
.40
.25
.10
Piedad
.10
San Francisco de Malabon.. ..
1.00
.GO
.60
.50
.30
.30
.25
.10
Santa Cruz de Malabon
.10
Santa Maria de Pandi
.10
Tala
.10
Talisay-Minglanilla ,
1.00
.50
.25
.10
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 207
Exhibit A. — Schedule of rents on friar lands — Continued.
Agricultural lands, per
hectare
per annum.
Estate.
Irrigable.
Nonirrigable.
First
class.
Second
class.
Third
class.
First
class.
Second
class.
Third
class.
Fourth
class.
Fifth
class.
Binan
n2. 00
12. db
12.00
12.00
no. 00
10.00
10.00
10.00
rs.oo
8.00
8.00
8.00
P-8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
9.00
8.00
8.00
10.00
9.00
8.00
P6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
7.00
6.00
6.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
r4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
5.00
4.00
4.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
r2.oo
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
4.00
2.00
2.00
n.oo
Calamba
1.00
Imus ........
1 00
Loloinboy
1.00
Muntinlupa
1 00
Naic
12.00
10.00
8.00
1.00
Piedad
1 00
San Francisco de Malabon
Santa Cruz de Malabon
iioo
12.00
8.00
10.00
10.00
6.00
8.66
8.00
1.00
1.00
Santa Maria de Pandi
1.00
Tala
1.00
Talisay-Minglanilla
12.00
10.00
8.00
1.00
Estate,
Fisheries
tare per
, per hec-
annum.
Salt beds
tare per
, per hec-
annum.
Beach lands, per
house.
First
class.
Second
class.
I'irst
class.
Second
class.
First
class.
Second
class.
Binan . .
F2.00
2.00
2.00
Tl 00
Calamba
1.00
Imus
r20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
no. 00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
r20. 00
no. 00
1 00
Lolomboy
Naic .
20.00
20.00
20.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
2.00
2. 00
2.00
1 00
San Francisco de Malabon
1.00
Santa Cruz de Malabon
1 00
Santa Maria de Pandi
Minimum charge, ^2.
Caingins, double the price for the class of land to which they pertain.
Quarry permits, per stone, first class, 3 centavos; second class, 2 centavos.
Timber permits, to be governed by the forestry regulations.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
The Chairman. Now, under the head of the San Jose de Mindoro
estate, I find one purchaser, two sales, 56,212 acres and a fraction.
Can you tell us what you know about that sale?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. E. L. Poole bought that.
The Chairman. In what way did it first come to you?
Mr. Sleeper. Along in October of 1909 Mr. Poole came into my
office, together with Mr. Prentiss, being introduced to me by my as-
sistant, Mr. Wilson. Mr. Poole stated he desired to purchase some
land for a sugar estate, and that he had heard of some land in the
Island of Mindoro, south of the San Jose estate, and he was going
down to look at it. I asked him immediately why he did not buy
the San Jose estate. He said he could not buy it, because the Gov-
ernment could not sell it. I told him that was not my understand-
ing of the law, and I immediately asked my law officer to give me a
written opinion on the subject.
The Chairman. What do you mean by your law officer?
Mr. Sleeper. I have a law clerk in the bureau.
The Chairman. What is his name ?
208 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. His name at that time was Knight. Mr. Poole
stated that he thought the land he was after was better than the
San Jose estate, but that he would go down and look it over. I then
sent Mr. Poole over to Mr. Worcester's office to verify the statement
that we could sell that estate to an individual, but that we could not
sell it to a corporation.
The Chairman. Well, what followed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Poole came back after seeing Mr. Worcester,
and stated that he would have to have the opinion of his attorneys
as to the validity of any such sale, and I told him that as soon as I
got the written opinion of my attorney I would submit it to Mr.
Worcester, and endeavor to get the attorney general of the islands
to give us advice on that subject.
The Chairman. When you refer to Mr. Worcester, to whom do
you mean ?
Mr. Sleeper. The secretary of the interior of the Philippine
Islands. I also told Mr. Poole at that time that we had obtained
the passage of an act amending the original friar lands act, in order
that we could offer for sale these large unoccupied estates, as the
Government was paying interest on the money with which they were
purchased, and the department was after me to make some kind of
a showing in regard to the sale of these lands, and the recovery of
the interest as well as the administration charges.
Mr. Poole then went down to Mindoro shortly after that with my
assistant, Mr. Wilson, and on his return he came in and said he
would take the estate, provided his attorneys would sanction the
legality of the purchase.
The Chairman. Did he say whom he represented in the purchase ?
Mr. Sleeper. He told me that he represented Mr. Welch, of Welch
& Co.
The Chairman. What was the next step? Do you know where
Mr. Welch lived?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not. The next step that I remember was that
Mr. Poole said he would have his attorney, Mr. Bruce, come there to
the office with him and he would have the documents prepared. Mr.
Bruce was introduced by Mr. Poole as his attorney.
The Chairman. Do you know the full name of Mr. Bruce or his
initials ?
Mr. Sleeper. E. B. Bruce, I think it is.
The Chairman. Do you know his residence ?
Mr. Sleeper. Manila.
Mr. Douglas. Is he a practicing lawyer in Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. I then had my friar lands division prepare
the documents, including the computation of the sales value of the
estate up to January 4, which was the date that the interest ran by
even years. I think that is the way we happened to strike on that
date.
The Chairman. January 4 of what year?
Mr. Sleeper. Of 1910.
The Chairman. How did you compute the sales price ?
Mr. Sleeper. According to the regulations approved by the secre-
tary of the interior.
The Chairman. How was the price fixed by the Government for
those lands?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 209
Mr. Sleeper. The cost plus the survey, the administration, interest,
and all other charges against that estate, from the date of purchase
up to the date of sale.
The Chairman. Proceed.
Mr. Sleeper. I forwarded that sales certificate, after Mr. Poole had
signed it, over to the secretary of the interior. That was the last I
heard from it for some days. From the reading of Mr. Worcester's
document here, it laid on his desk some days awaiting signature. I
finally went over to see him, and he said he was waiting for advices
from Washington.
The Chairman. What next?
Mr. Sleeper. I can not recollect the exact dates, and I will not
trust my memory to them as to what occurred, but I have all such
dates and can furnish them. Soon after that, in December, I believe
it was, the sales certificate was returned to my office approved. The
sales certificate was really a contract to sell. Shortly after that Mr.
Poole went down to Mindoro. He took down some supplies and
so forth, and said he was going to begin operations ; that he intended
to sell a part of this estate to the Mindoro Development Co., who
were to erect a sugar mill and a railroad connecting the bay south of
the estate with the estate. He said that he was to sell 200 hectares,
I think, for the purpose of a railroad and a sugar mill; that all he
would do was to raise sugar.
I notified him again in January what the purchase would be, and
they then decided that they wanted the estate split up into two par-
cels, one parcel of 4,200 hectares, I think ; and another percel of the
balance of the estate.
We then made two other sales certificates, canceling the original
certificate. However, prior to the signing of the certificate I had
prepared the bandillos or notices required by law that had to be
published, in order that if there was anybody on this estate in the
two towns situated on the estate that cared to purchase, they would
have the right.
The presidentes finally certified back to the effect the notices had
been published as required by law, and in January Mr. Poole made
his first payment, paying completely for the smaller portion of the
estate, and I believe making one payment out of twenty annual pay-
ments on the balance of the estate.
The Chairman. Did you hear Eepresentative Martin's testimony
this morning?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You heard a reference then to the so-called sales
certificate No. 1?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Signed by yourself. Is that the only document
Mr. Poole received showing his title to the land ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the original document ; yes, sir.
The Chairman. That was the original document ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. There have since been others. I think the
last one issued was No, 5, changing around the areas. The last one
issued just before we left was a deed of about 200 hectares to the
Mindoro Development Co.
The Chairman. This does not appear to be a conveyance of the
land, this sale certificate No. 1 ?
210 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. That is an agreement to sell.
The Chairman. Has there been an actual conveyance of land?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to Mr. Poole yet.
The Chairman. To anybody?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. For that land?
Mr. Sleeper. For approximately 200 hectares.
The Chairman. To the Mindoro Development Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Have you with you the other sales certificates or
documents ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Eelating to this transaction ?
Mr. Sleeper. They are here or will be here to-day or to-morrow.
They were delayed in transmission across the continent.
rhe Chairman. AVhen they reach here, will you give them to the
clerk of the committee to be inserted in the record ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. To complete all the papers down to this time?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Proceed.
Mr. Sleeper. That is the end of the Mindoro transaction.
The Chairman. Then, if I correctly understand you, there has
been no actual conveyance of land to Mr. Poole or to his nominees up
to the present time, except the 200 hectares ?
Mr. Sleeper. To the Mindoro Development Co.
The Chairman. That is the fact, then, that there has been no con-
veyance by the Government to Mr. Poole or his nominees, for any
more than the 200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; there has been none.
The Chairman. The balance now rests on an agreement to sell ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Upon which agreement certain payments have
been made by Mr. Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. How much has he paid?
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to refer to this document. He paid for
4,200 hectares f=137,080.
The Chairman. For how many hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. He paid cash for 4,200 hectares.
The Chairman. Did he not receive a conveyance of that, then ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not yet ; because he wanted to determine what part
he wanted to go to the Mindoro Development Co. It seems he had
not determined on the site for the sugar mill.
The Chairman. What installments has he paid?
Mr. Sleeper. He paid the first installment for the balance of the
estate.
The Chairman. How much was it?
Mr. Sleeper. ^29,846.
Mr. Jones. That 4,200, was that acres or hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. That is hectares.
The Chairman. How many acres or hectares in all are covered by
the several sale certificates to Mr. Poole?
ADMTNISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 211
Mr. Sleeper. Tlie entire area of the estate is some 5G,000 acres.
The Chairman. Can you give it accurately?
Mr. Douglas. It is down here in hectares as 22,824.
Mr. Sleeper. That is right.
Mr. Douglas. What is the A. & C., of the lesser land divisions?
Mr. Sleeper. They represent ares and centares — tenths and hun-
dredths.
The Chairman. I call your attention to tlie fact that on page 47
of this document there are other payments noted as having been
made by Mr. Poole. Perhaps they are all included
Mr. Sleeper. No; there was only one payment, because the origi-
nal sales certificate was canceled prior to the time the payment was,
made. It did not satisfy him ; the way the land was subdivided.
The Chairman. You mean sales certificate No, 1 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. It was canceled?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Were any of the others canceled? There have
been five in all, I understand.
Mr. Sleeper. On the 4th of January I signed two and three.
The Chairman. Have they been canceled, or are they still in
force ?
Mr. Sleeper. Well, they are still in force, except that we have
deeded to the Mindoro Development Co., the nominee of Mr. Poole,
200 hectares.
The Chairman. Did the Mindoro Development Co. pay you any-
thing, or had Mr. Poole paid for them ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Poole paid for them.
The Chairman. Then what has been paid on these lands is all
stated on page 47 as f=166,126 ; is that right ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is the total.
The Cpiairman. Of which ^137,080 was to pay in full for sale
certificate No. 3?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; for 4,200 hectares.
The Chairman. And ^29,846 was the first installment on account
of sale certificate No. 2 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; the residue of the estate.
The Chairman. The balance is payable in 19 annual installments
of ^29,846; is that right?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Was any other naxne than that of Mr. Poole men-
tioned in any of these five sale certificates?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
The Chairman. Have you stated now your entire knowledge of
this transaction in the sale of this Mindoro estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; as far as the sale is concerned, that is the
whole transaction.
The Chairman. Can you tell what proportion of the Island of
Mindoro is included in this estate, this sale of some 56,000 acres?
Mr. Sleeper. Not without consulting a memorandum on the
subject.
The Chairman. Can you give it roughly? Would it be a tenth
or a half of the island?
212 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. I should say about a fortieth.
The Chairman. About a fortieth of the island ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Do you know whether these lands purchased by
Mr. Poole were occupied or unoccupied lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. From the report of my assistant they were abso-
lutely unoccupied.
The Chairman. Was the Government deriving any income from
these lands or any portion of them ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not at the time of sale ; no, sir.
The Chairman. That is all I wish to ask Capt. Sleeper on this
branch of the subject. I will want to examine him about the Carpen-
ter matter later. Do any members desire to ask any questions on this
particular branch of the case ?
Mr. Hamilton. You stated that application wa^ first made to the
agent upon the estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. I want to ask if this agent was a Government
official ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Is there an agent located upon each one of these
estates ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; not on each one, but on each group of estates.
Mr. Hamilton. Is there any w^ritten form of application to be
made to an agent upon an estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; you just go to the office and point out on the
plan where the land is.
Mr. Hamilton. Then this agent makes report to you?
Mr. Sleeper. He executes a lease or sales certificate, unless lands
happen to be reserved for some other parties.
Mr. Hamilton. The agent himself executes a sales certificate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. What does this sales certificate do? Does the
purchaser or the lessee present that sales certificate at the office ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; that somes through the mail to my office
to be checked up and entered on the records and to be signed by me
and forwarded to the Secretary of the Interior for his signature.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the next thing to be done in the official
program ?
Mr. Sleeper. It goes back through the office to the applicant after
being entered on the record and the record of the suboffice in the
province, and the man has possession of his land, with the sales cer-
tificate to show as his authority.
Mr. Hamilton. When does he make his first payment ?
Mr. Sleeper. According to the agreement that may be made — this
month or six months hence.
Mr. Hamilton. How many payments does a man make upon one
of those leases, or do they vary ?
Mr. Sleeper. They vary on different estates, according to the dif-
ferent conditions. Some are paid quarterly, some semiannually, and
some annually.
Mr. Hamilton. In all of these leases is there a privilege of pur-
chase?
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 213
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; they all carry that under the provision of
the friar-lands act.
Mr. Douglas. Where is Mr. Poole now, do you know ?
Mr. Sleeper. He is in the Philippine Islands, I presume.
Mr. Douglas. At Manila or down at Mindoro, or where?
Mr. SiJ^EPER. I think perhaps he is down in Mindoro trying to
raise sugar cane.
Mr. Douglas. You say Mr. Prentiss came with him to your office.
Who was he?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Prentiss was a bookkeeper or cashier or some-
thing under Mr. Poole.
Mr. Douglas. Was Mr. Poole a resident of Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. At that time?
Mr. Douglas. Yes,
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I think not.
Mr. Douglas. Did you know him when he came in ?
Mr. Sleeper. I did not; no, sir. I never heard of him before.
Mr. Douglas. You had never heard of him until he presented
himself at your office?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Did he begin his conversation by saying that he had
been to Mindoro?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Tell me again what it was ; how he started out.
Mr. Sleeker. He began his conversation by saying he wanted to
buy some land on which to raise sugar.
Mr. Douglas. He had heard of what land, did you say ?
Mr. Sleeper. Some land south of this Mindoro estate on the
Island of Mindoro, for which a title had been granted a few months
previous. Some Filipino had obtained a Government guaranteed
title.
Mr. Douglas. Had it been friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Public lands.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not think it had. I thought at the time
it had been public land, but the court decided it had not been.
Mr. Douglas. How many acres had these Filipinos obtained title
to which they wanted?
Mr. Sleeper. I only knew of 2,500 at that time, a little over 2,500.
Mr. Douglas. From whom had they obtained that title?
Mr. Sleeper. Well, they had no title except a possessory title,
which they proved in court.
Mr. Parsons. And got a title certificate under what we call the
Torrence land act?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. That is the origin of most of the titles in the
Philippines?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Purely title by adverse possession or suffrance?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Did Mr. Prentiss come with him that first time?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; he was with him.
Mr. Douglas. Who was Mr. Prentiss; was he a resident of the
Philippines ?
214 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; he came with Mr. Poole.
Mr. Douglas. Where is your office to which he came — in Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; in Manila.
Mr. Douglas. Did they tell yon from whence they had come ?
Mr. Steeper. Mr. Poole stated he had been in Cuba raising sugar.
Mr. Douglas. He said in the beginning he did not represent him-
self, but represented somebody else, did he ?
Mr. Sleeper. He said that Mr. Welch was backing him.
Mr. Douglas. Of Welch & Co., did you say?
Mr. Sleeper. Welch & Co.
Mr. Douglas. Who was Welch & Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know to this day who they are.
Mr. Douglas. ^Vliat did he represent Welch & Co. to be — as men
engaged in the sugar business?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; he said they had sugar interests in Cuba; that
they were sugar raisers, as I understood him.
Mr. Douglas. And that they had sent him to Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. And that he had come from Cuba ?
Mr. Sleeper. He had been in Cuba. I do not know^ whether he
came there from Cuba, or where he had been just before.
Mr. Douglas. He had been in Cuba and came to Manila at the in-
stance of Welch & Co. on this business?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. "What was the date, as nearly as you can give it, of
that first visit?
Mr. Sr^EPER. I think it w^as the 12th day of October, 1909.
Mr. Douglas. A year ago last October?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. And it was in that first conversation that you called
his attention to this San Jose estate?
/Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. On the Island of Mindoro?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. And suggested a purchase of that instead ,of the
land which he had in mind?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; for the simple reason T had been trying to
get somebody to buy that estate, or some of it. I had severalparties
in view, one Australian in particular, for grazing purposes.
Mr. Douglas. Your object being, of course, toconvert it into money
and extinguish that much of the public debt?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. When did he first mention to you, in connection
cither Avith his nomination of a grantee for the title or in any other
wav, the Mindoro Development Co., according to your best recollec-
tion?
Mr. Sleeper. In December, I believe, between the 6th and the 10th.
Mr. Douglas. What makes you think so after referring to that
report ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the date I submitted to him a copy of the
original sales certificate, and he brought that in, and he said it did
not satisfy; also an arrangement for the payment. It was first to be
paid through somQ banking institution in the United States, to the
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 215
credit of the Treasury. He then informed me that part of the land
was to go
Mr. Douglas (interposing). To the Guarantee Trust Co. of New
York?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. That is the way it was originally intended
to have the payment made, and I believe he said on account of ex-
change rates, or something, they could afford better to pay it in
Manila, and that suited us just as well.
Mr. Douglas. So that the money was, in fact, afterwards, in Janu-
ary, paid in Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Up to that time had he mentioned any other parties
in whose interests he was acting besides Welch & Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. No.
Mr. Douglas. Wlien did you first hear the name of Mr. Horace
Havemeyer, or anyone else connected with them, as nearly as you
can now recall?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the first time I ever saw it was in some ncAvs-
paper, stating that the Havemeyer interests had purchased it.
Mr. Douglas. The sale was made to Mr. Poole or to his nominees?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. That is a rather unusual designation. Was that in
the original certificate which was afterwards canceled?
Mr. Sleeper. I think not. That was in a subsequent certificate.
I think that was the reason it was changed so that he could put in
a nominee and sell to the development company the land necessary
for a sugar mill, because he said he was not an expert sugar-milling
man, but he was a grower of sugar. He said they were going to do
the milling of his cane.
Mr. Douglas. What was it that was made out for the 200 hectares
to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was a deed transferring the land to the Mindoro
Development Co. under the Torrence land act for the Philippine
Islands.
Mr. Douglas. As I understand it, after your first conversation he
went to Mindoro.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. And examined the property, came back, and then
said he would buy it if his counsel decided that the Philippine Gov-
ernment could make a title to it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. For more than so many hectares.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Who was his counsel, did you say? Was it Mr.
E.B.Bruce?
Mr. Sleeper. Up to that time he had not any; but he called in
Mr. Bruce, of Bruce & Lawrence.
Mr. Douglas. That is a law firm ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think at that time it was the firm of Bruce &
Lawrence.
Mr. Douglas, American lawyers practicing in Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Is that the same E. B. Bruce whose name I find
here as the le^ssee of something like 19,000 hectares of land in the
Isabela estate?
216 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; that is the same man.
Mr. Douglas. At the time that Isabela land was leased to Bruce
I notice in this report that it is " E. B. Bruce, special." Do you know
the significance of that word " special ? "
Mr. Sleeper. A special form of lease was provided, because there
were special conditions in it. That is the case with all leases and
sales certificates reported there as being special. They were on a
special form ; not the ordinary printed form, but marked " special."
Mr. Douglas. Have you the ordinary printed form with you?
Mr. Sleeper. I have it in Washington.
Mr. Douglas. Will you be kind enough to submit one of these
ordinary printed forms to the committee?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
COPY OF FRIAR-LAND LEASE.
[B. L. Form No. 26 (Tagalog).]
Philippine Islands.
Province of ,
Estate.
Annual Rental,
Lease No.
This indenture, made and entered into in duplicate this day of , 190
Sa kasiilatang ito, na dalawa ang ginaw^, at inilagdd sa arao na ito, ica r^ i^ taong
by and between .as director of lands, with Cedula No , 190 , acting
ni na Tagapangasiwa ng mga Lupa, may c6dula personal No. at
herein for and on behalf of the Government of the Philippine Islands, as authorized
tiimatay6 sa figalan ng Gobierno ng Kapuloang Filipinas, ayon sa itinutulot
by the provisions of the^friar-lands^act. No. 1120, as party of the first part, and
sa kanya ng kautusan ng Ley ng mga Lupa ng fBga Fraile No. 1120, sa isang parte, at si
, of age, a resident of the Barrio of , municipality of , Province of
na may gulang na ganap, tumatahan sa Nayon ^ municipio n^ Lalawigan ng
.., by occupation a , , with Oedula No ,
ang oficio ay (married, etc.) at may cedula personal No
(binata, may asawa o bale.)
190 , party of the second part:
sa isang parte naman:
Witnesseth, that the party of the first part, for and in consideration of the rents,
Aming pinagtitibay sa kasulatang it6, na ang parteng unang nasalaysay, alang-alang sa fliga \ipa,
covenants, stipulations, and conditions hereinafter stated and hereby agreed to be
fliga pinagkasunduan, ffiga pinagusapan at ibd pang fBga bagay na sa casunod nito,y isasaysay, at sa
paid, observed, and performed by the party of the second part, does hereby lease,
ninaharap ay ipinangakong bayaran, ganapin, at sundin ng parteng lumagd^ nit6 sa ikalawang
let, and demise unto the party of the second part the following-described tract. . of
lugal, ay pinauupahan, ipinagkakaloob at isinasalin sa naturang parte na lumalagdd nit6 sa ikala,
land, lying and being in the municipality of , Province of , Philippine
wang lugal, ang lagay na lupa na dito.y \ - , . ~ ^.. ,
insinasalaysay, at naroon sa municipio fig /
wang lu^al, ang lagay na lupa na dito.y \ Lalawigan ng Kapuloang
Islands, and being a portion of the
Filipinas, na ito,y isang bahagui fig hacienda fig
estate, the property of said Government, to wit:
na pagaari fig nasabing Gobierno; at dl iba kundi yarl:
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 217
containing an area of hectares^ ares, and cen tares, for the period of
ang laki ng lupang ito,y hectdrea, drea at centMrea, sa loob fg panahong
years, dating from the day of , 190 .
taon, mul^ sa fechang ikd ng fg taong
In consideration whereof, and recognizing the said lands as the property of said
Sa bagsik ng kasaysayang nangufguna, at sa pagkilala na ang ffiga nasabing lupa ay pagaari ng
Government, the party of the second part hereby agrees to pay to the director of
naturang Gobierno, ang parteng lumalagd4 nit6 saikalawang Tugal ay nakipagkayari, 6 nangafig-
lands, or his representative, at such place as he may designate, as rental for said
ako sa hinaharap na kasulatan, na magbabayad sa tagapaiigasiwa n^ niga lupa, 6 sa kinakatawan
premises, the sum of pesos and
niya, sa lugal na maituru, ng pinakaupa sa naturang Inpd, na ang halaga ay pesos at
centavos, Philippine currency, per annum, and to pay said sum in the
centimes, salapi ng Filipinas, sa tuing taon, at babayaran ang" naturang halaga ng
installments and on the dates following, to wit:
upa sa ffiga takdd at fechang sumusunod:
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , on , 190
sa fig
T , , on , 190
sa ng
In further consideration, and as an essential condition of thisjease, it is expressly
Bukud sa rito,y pinagkayarian, na parang punung ipinangyayari ng pagUupahang it6, na
understood and agreed that this lease shall terminate and expire on the day of
mali wanag na naiintindihan at pinagkasunduan, na ang naturang paguupahan ay matatapus fig
, A. D. 190 , and that no presumption of renewal or continuation beyond that
at mawawald sa ik^ i^ taong 190 A. D.; at hindi mapaguusapan ang sapantahang buhat sa pagpapa-
day can arise, the party of the second part hereby expressly renouncing and waiving
lagay na itutuluy p4 6 bibigyan kayd ng paluguit na panahon na lalampas pS- sa fechang yaon, at
all rights conferred in this regard by the provisions of article 1566 of the civil code.
ang parteng lumalagdd nit6 sa ikalawang lugal, sa hinaharap ay maliwanag na tumatangui a
The party of the second part hereby further waives and renounces any rights to
bumibitiw sa lahat fig mga matuid at maaaring gawin, na ipinagkakaloob sa kanya sa bagay na it6
notice or demand for payment of rent mentioned in section 80 of the code of civil
ng mga kautusan ng art. 1566 ng codigo civil, Ang parteng lumalagdd nit6 sa ikalawang lugal, sa
procedure, as well as all other periods of grace, and agrees that the Director of
hinaharap ay tumatangui at bumibitiw din sa matuid, na sa bagsik nito, y dapat muna siyang
Lauds may annul and terminate this lease should the party of the second part fail
pagsabihan bago mapahabld upang mapaalis dahil sa di pagbabayad fig upa, begay na smasabi sa
or refuse to pay the above stipulated rental in the sums and at the times and place
art. 80 ng c6digo de procedimiento civil, at gayon din naman sa lahat fig ib& pang mga palugit na
hereinbefore agreed upon. The party of the second part hereby further waives and
panahon, na maipagkakaloob dahil sa pagkaawa, at pumapayag na mapawalaug halaga at tapusin
82278°— PL Kept. 2289, 61-3 IS
218 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
renounces any right he may have under the provisions of article 1554 of the civil
ang paguupahdng it<5, fig Tagapaf^asiwa fig mga Lupa, kung ang parteng lumalagdfi, nit6 sa
code to be placed or maintained in peaceable possession of the premises hereby
ikalawang liigal, ay hindi makabayad 6 naayaw magoayad ng mga kaupahang sa itaas ay.
leased, and also any right he might have under the provisions of article 1575 of the
pinagkayarian na, sa mga nalagd fecha at lugal na pinagkasunduan na rin. Ang ikalawang parte
civil code to any reduction of rent on account of any loss or damage suffered by
tig sa hinaharap ay tumatalikod at tumatangui din sa alinmang matuid, na mapapaukul sa kanya,
reason of any extraordinary or unforeseen fortuitous events.
sa bagsik n^ mga kautusan ng art. 1554 ng c6digo civil, na dahil dito, y maaaring siya^y papagha-
wakin ng bagay na inuupahan, 6 kupkupin kayd ang tahimik niyang pakikinabang ng bagay na
yaong inuupahan, at gayon din sa anomang matuid na maaaring tamuhin niya, sa bagsik ng mga
kautusan f^ art. 1575 fig c6digo civil, tungkul sa pagbabab4 ng mga kaupahan, dahil sa pagkawal4,
<5 perhuiciong sapitin na buhat sa anomang mangyayaring di matuunan, di karaniwan, 6 hindi
inaakala.
Said party of the second part expressly agrees that he will not assign or transfer
Ang nasabmg parteng lumalagdd nit6 sa ikalawang lugal, ay malinaw na nakikipagkayari, na
this lease, or subrent or sublease said land, or any part thereof, without first securing
hindi niya ipagkakaloob 6 isasalin ang paguupahang it6, ni pauupahan sa ibd ang naturang lupa o
the written permission of said party of the first part.
ang isang bahagi nito, kundi maunang kamtam ang kapahintulutang nakasulat fig parteng nangu-
nguna sa paglalagdd.
In witness whereof the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands.
Sa katunayan ng lahat.fig yaon; ang mga parteng naiigangailafigan ng kasulatang it6 ay pumirmd
sa Bariling kamay at sulat.
Director of Lands,
Signed by the party of the second part,
in the presence of —
Approved:
Secretary of the Interior,
Mr. Douglas : Have you the copy of the lease to E. B. Bruce of
the 19,000 hectares in the Isabela estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Have you a copy of that lease here?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Will you submit that also to the committee ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Copy of the lease of the Isahela estate to Edward B. Bruce.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Lands,
Friar Lands Division.
Isabela Estate, Isahela Province:
special lease no. 1.
This nicniorandum of agreement made at Manila, Philippine Islands, this 6th
day of January, A. D. 1910, between O. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands of the
Philippine Islands, acting for and on behalf of the government of the Philippine
Islands, i)arty of the first part, and Edward B. Bruce, of Manila, party of the
second part :
Witnesseth : That for and in consideration of the sum of two hundred pesos
(^200.00) in hand paid by said second party to said first party, receipt whereof
is hereby acknowledged, and of the covenants and agreements hereinafter men-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 219
tioned to be kept and performed by said second party, said first party has de-
mised and leased to said second party those certain parcels or tracts of land,
situated within and forming a part of the Isabela friar-lands estate, in the
Province of Isabela, Island of Luzon, Philippine Islands, according to the plats
of the official surveys of said estate now on file and of record in the office of
the bureau of lands at Manila, to wit:
Lots numbered 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 15, 16, 24, 26, 28, 30, 31, 41, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 52,
53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 86, 101, 102, 103,
104. 108, 109, 110, 112, 314, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 328,
129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145,
146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 353, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162,
163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 169, 173, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 385,
186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 206, 207,
208, 209, 216, 222, 226, 227, 228, 229. 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239,
240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 253, 252, 253, 254, and 255,
and containing an area of 19,448 hectares 35 ares and 44 centares, more or less.
To have and to hold the said parcels or tracts with the appurtenances there-
unto of right belonging unto the said second party, for a term of one (1) year,
dating from the first day of January, A. D. 1910, until the thirty-first day of
December, A. D. 1910, both dates inclusive.
(1) It is mutually covenanted and agreed by and between the parties hereto,
that if, on or before the expiration of said term of one (1) year, said second
party shall elect to purchase the premises herein leased, said first party on
behalf of the Government of the Philippine Islands will sell and convey by
good and sufficient deed the absolute title in and to said premises; and the
execution and delivery of said deed of conveyance from the Government of the
Philii)pine Islands to said second party shall be effected in accordance with the
provisions of the friar lands act as amended : Provided, however, That this op-
tion to purchase shall terminate upon the thirty-first day of December, 1910,
the date of expiration of this agreement.
(2) It is further agreed that the consideration for said sale and conveyance
of the premises herein leased, should said second party elect to purchase same,
shall be the sum of four hundred twenty-two thousand five hundred pesos
(?=422, 500.00), currency of the Philippine Islands, together with interest thereon
at the rate of four per centum (4%) per annum from and including the first
day of January, 1910; and the payment of said purchase price or installments
thereof, together with all interests accruing thereon, shall be made in accord-
ance with the provisions of said friar lands act as amended.
(3) It is further agreed that said second party, at his sole expense, shall
cause an immediate examination of said premises to be made by a competent
soil and agricultural expert, for the purpose of determining the quality of the
soil and such other conditions, circumstances, and considerations as may affect
the value of said premises for agricultural purposes, and shall cause a true re-
port to be prepared of the result of said examination and investigation ; and
should said second party fail to exercise his option to purchase as herein
granted, he will deliver to said first party upon the date of the expiration of
this agreement, free of all expense or charge, the said report, together with all
statistics and data prepared and submitted by said soil and agricultural expert
in the course of his examination of said premises.
And said first party hereby certifies that all of the provisions of section 11 of
act No. 1120, as amended, relative to the leasing of vacant lands under section
9 of said act, as amended, have been complied with. This lease and the option
to purchase herein granted may be assigned by said second party.
In testimony whereof the said parties have hereunto set their hands at the
place and upon the date first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands, Party of the First Part.
Edward B. Bruce,
Party of the Second Part,
Witnesses :
C. D. Behrens.
C. W. Rheberg.
Approved this 21st day of January, A. D. 1910.
Dean C. Worcester, Secretary of the Interior,
Certified copy:
C. H. Sleepeb, Director of La^tds.
220
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
COPY OF SALE CERTIFICATE, FRIAR LANDS.
O
Q
<
w.
Name
Lot , Sheet , Section
Class,
Area, H A 0.
Credit from Lease No
Barrio of
., estate.
Percentage,
Appraised value, F'.
Amount credited, T^.
Sale effective from Sale value,
T.
Interest at 4 per cent from First installment, P= .
annual installments installments at T' .
Department of the Interior.
Departamento de lo Interior.
Bureau of Lands.
Oficina de Terrenos.
friar lands division.
DEVISI6N de las haciendas de LOS FRAILES.
Estate.
Hacienda.
Province.
Provincia.
Sale Certificate No. .
Ccrtificado de venta No.
1, C. H. Sleeper, director of lands, acting for and on behalf of the Government
Yo, C. H. Sleeper, director de terrenos, en nombre y representaci6n del Gobierno de las Islas
of the Philipine Islands, vendor, pursuant to authority conferred upon me by the
Filipinas, vendedor, de acuerdo con la autorizaci6n que me confieren las disposiciones de la ley de
provisions of the friar lands act, No. 1120, hereby certify that said Government of
las haciendas de los frailes, No. 1120, certifico que dicho Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas ha convenido
the Philippines Islands has this day of agreed to sell to vendee,
hoy dia de en vender k comprador
a resident of the municipality of Province of Philippine Islands, that
residente del muiiicipio de Provincia de Islas Filipinas, el troz 6 par-
certain tract of parcel of land, situated in the municipality of Province of
cela de terreno situado en el municiivio de Provincia de
known and designated as lot No of said estate, and containing an area of
conocido y designado como Lote No. de dicha hacienda, comprensivo de un ^rea de
hectares, ares, and centares.
hect^reas Creasy centdreas.
The official maps and records of technical descriptions of surveys and boundaries
El piano oficial y los antecedentes de las descripciones t^cnicas de las mediciones y limites de
of said lot are on record in the bureau of lands and the court of land registration,
dicho lote obran en la oficina de terrenos, y en el tribunal del registro de la propiedad, Manila,
Manila, P. L, and in the office of the register of deeds for said Province.
I. F,, y en la oficina del registrador de titulos de la mencionada Provincia.
In consideration of this agreement by said vendor to sell, said vendee hereby agrees
En consideraci6n i este convenio de vender por parte del vendedor dicho comprador se compro-
ifDMINISTRATIOISr GF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 221
to pay as the purchase price for said land, to the Government of the Philippine
mete t pagar como precio de compra por el referido terreno, el Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas, la
Islands, the sum of pesos and centavos (? ), Philippine cur-
cantldad de pesos y centavos en moneda filipina, valor convenidb de dicho terreno el
renc)^, the agreed value of said land on the first day of , from which date said
dla primero de desde cuya fecha entra en vigor dicha venta; ypor la presente se acreditan k
sale becomes effective; and there are hereby credited upon said purchase price the
dicho precio de compra las rentas pagadas por dicho comprador por virtud del arrendamiento pro-
rentals paid by said vendee upon temporary lease No for which receipts have
visional No 'por las cuales se han expedido antes de ahora recibos al repetido comprador, por
heretofore been issued to said vendee, to the amount of pesos and cen-
valor de pesos y centavos quedando un saldo sin pagar sobre dicho precio de
tavos (^^ ), leaving a balance unpaid on said purchase price of pesos
compra de pesos y centavos cuyo saldo se obliga el comprador por la presente &
and centavos (?" ), which balance said vendee hereby binds himself
to pay in annual installments, to wit:
pagar en plazos anuales, d saber:
Said vendee shall pay pesos and centavos ( ^ ) , on the first
Dicho comprador pagara pesos y centavos el dia primero de pesos y
day of and pesos and centavos (?^ ) , on the first day of
y pesos y centavos el dia primero de
and the unpaid balance of the purchase price, as aforesaid, shall then be paid
y el saldo no pagado del precio de compra, como queda dicho, se pagar^ entonces
in equal annual installments of pesos and centavos
en plazos anuales iguales de pesos y centavos
(P^ ), each, on the first day of of each succeeding year until the entire
cada uno, el dia primero de cada alio siguiente hasta que hay a sido pagado
purchase price has been paid,
todo el precio de compra.
Said purchase price shall bear interest at the rate of four per centum (4 % ) per
Dicho precio de compra devengard interns d raz6n del cuatro por ciento (4%) anual, desde
annum, from and including the first day of , and each and every unpaid
el dia primero de , inclusive, y todos y cada uno de los
balance thereof likewise shall bear interest at the rate of four per centum (4%)
saldos no pagados del mismo devengar^n igualmente intends ^ raz6n del cuatro por ciento (4%)
per annum, from and including the day next succeeding the date upon which the
anual, desde el dia inmediato siguiente A la fecha en que el ultimo plazo
last preceding annual installment of said purchase price, together with
anual inmediato anterior de dicho precio de compra, juntamente con el interns acumulado
accrued interest thereon was paid; and each of said annual inotallments,
sobre el mismo, fuera pagado; y cada uno de dichos plazos anuales, juntamento con
together with accrued interest, shall be payable to the director of lands, or his
el interns acumulado, serd pagadero al director de terrenos 6 d su agente debida-
duly authorized agent, at his office in the municipality of as hereinbefore set
mente autorizado, en su oficina en el municipio de como antes se hizo cons-
forth, the right to a demand therefor being hereby waived by said vendee,
tar, renunciando por la presente el comprador al derecho d ser demandado por ello.
Upon completion of the payment of the purchase price, as hereinbefore stated,
Una vez complete el pago del precio de compra, como queda dicho, juntamente con todo el interns
together with all accrued interest, said vendor will convey said land, by proper in-
acumulado. se transmitiri dicho terreno al referido comprador *por la debida
strument of conveyance, which will be issued and become effective in the manner
escritura de transmision, que serfi, otorgada y entrar^ en vigor de la manera dia-
222 ADMIKISTRATION OF PHlLlPPlKB LAKDi.
provided in section 122 of the land registration act No. 496, to s^id vendee, or
puesta en el artlculo 122 de la ley del registro de la propiedad, No. 496, & favor de dicho comprador,
his heirs or assignees.
6 de sus hepederos 6 cesionarios.
The signing of this certificate by said vendee shall constitute an acceptance of all
La firma de este certificado por el referido comprador constituird su aceptaci6n de todas las clAu-
of the terms and conditions hereof, and if said vendee should fail or neglect to make
sulas y condiciones del mismo, y si el meneioiiado comparado dejase de pagar 6 aban-
any payment as herein provided, the director of lands shall proceed to enforce
donase hacer cualquler pago como aqui se dispone, el director de terrenes procederd & hacer efectivo
said payment and the lien of said vendor, as provided in section 17 of act No. 1120.
el cobro y el derecho pref erente de dicho vendedor, como dispone el articulo 17 de la ley No. 1120.
Thi scertificate, and the rights hereunder conferred, shall be transferable only
Este certificado, y los derechos que confiere s61o seran transferibles cuando se haya previamente
after the written consent of the director of lands thereto shall have been first had
obtenido el consentimiento por escrito del director de terrenos para hacer la transferencia.
and obtained.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the bureau of lands in the
En testimonio de lo cual, lo firmo do mi pufio y letra en la oficina de terrenos en la ciudad de
city of Manila upon the date first hereinabove written.
Manila en la f echa arriba expresada.
Director of Lands.
Director de Terrenos,
Approved:
Aprobado:
.............
Secretary of the Interior,
Secretario de lo Interior.
Receipt for sale certificate:
Recibo del certificado de venta:
(Municipality and Province.) (Date.)
(Municipio y Provincia.) (Fecha.)
I, , vendee, hereby agree to accept all terms and conditions, as established
Yo , comprador, acepto todas las cl^usulas y condiciones puestas
by the director of lands, in the foregoing sale certificate, the receipt whereof is
por el director de terrenos en el precedente certificado de venta, del que por la presente
hereby acknowledged,
acuso recibo.
Vendee.
Comprador.
Conditions of certificate accepted, and receipt signed, in the presence of
Las condiciones del certificado fueron aceptadas, y el recibo firmado en presencia de
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 223
Mr. Douglas. In the same connection will you also submit a copy
of the lease to Mr. Carpenter for the land that he leased in the Tala
estate ?
The Chairman. I thought we would just confine the examination
now to the one branch of the subject.
Mr. Douglas. I am not going into them at all. I merely wanted
to get the information.
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Carpenter has a large number of leases and we
have copies of them all.
Mr. Douglas. Also copy of the lease to Mr. Thayer in the Calamba
estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
COPY OF LEASE TO FEANK W. CARPENTER.
This agreement made and entered into in dupUcate, at the city of Manila, on
this, the 20th day of April, A. D. 1908, by and between C. H. Sleeper, in hia
capacity as director of lands, acting for and on behalf of the Government of
the Philippine Islands, pursuant to authority conferred upon him by Friar Lands
Act No. 1120, married, with cedula numbered 1,300,000, dated Manila, P. I.,
January 13, 1908, hereinafter referred to as party of the first part; and Frank
W. Carpenter, married, with cedula numbered 1,309,214 F, dated Manila, P. I.,
February 10, 1908, hereinafter referred to as party of the second part :
Witnesseth, That for and in consideration of the promise of said party of the
second part, to take in lease, under certain terms and conditions hereinafter
enumerated, any and all unoccupied tracts of land, or tracts which may here-
after be vacated by the present occupants thereof, which belong to the Govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, and constitute the property more specifically
known and designated as the " Tala estate," said party of the first part hereby
agrees to reserve from lease or sale to any person or persons other than said
party of the second part, said unoccupied and vacated lands of said estate, and
to hold said lands for the exclusive uses and purposes of said party of the
second part.
I. It is mutually agreed by and between the parties hereto that said parties
shall execute leases for terms of three years each, on tracts of not less than
300 hectares in extent, at the annual rental of thirty centavos per hectare:
Provided, That no crop has been harvested during the year, or at the annual
rental of one peso and fifty centavos per hectare for all lands which produce a
crop ; the w^ord " crop " being construed to mean a marketable crop harvested
from the leased or occupied lands, which shall net the owner a minimum of
tw^enty pesos per hectare, but the word " crop " shall not be construed to include
that which may be planted for the purpose of preventing the grouth of cogon,
or other vegetation which may become injurious to a long-term crop. It is
further agreed that said party of the second j^art shall lease as a minimum the
following areas:
Hectares.
First year 300
Second year 900
Third year 1, 500
and 500 hectares per year additional thereafter until all of the available lands
on said estate have been leased.
II. It is further agreed that in case application is made by other parties than
said party of the second part to lease or purchase any of said reserved lands of
said estate, not actually held in lease by said party of the second part, it will
be incumbent upon said party of the second part immediately to execute a lease
or leases covering said lands, at rates applicable to other tracts for which leases
have been executed, as provided in the first clause of this agreement : Provided,
however, That in case of the neglect or refusal of said party of the second part
to execute said leases, said lands may then be leased or sold at the discretion of
said party of the first part in the manner provided by law.
III. It is further agreed that said party of the first part hereby grants to
said party of the second part the preference right to lease any lands of said
224 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
estate now occupied or leased which in future may be abandoned or vacated by
the present occupants thereof : Provided, however, That said party of the
second part shall lease said lands at the rate paid by former lessees immediately
upon notification in writing by said party of the first part so to do, and should
said party of the second part fail or neglect to lease said lands, as herein
provided, then said party of the first part shall have the right to dispose of
said lands in accordance with the proviso of the second clause of this agree-
ment.
IV. It Is further agreed that said party of the second part shall cultivate
two hundred hectares during the first year of lease, six hundred hectares the
second year, one thousand hectares the third year, and five hundred hectares
per year thereafter, until the entire area occupied and leased by him is under
cultivation ; and for the purposes of this agreement, the grazing of cattle shall
be considered as cultivation : Provided, however. That any tract of land not
susceptible to cultivation shall be excluded from the provisions of this clause.
V. It is further agreed that if the Legislature of the Philippine Islands
shall amend the friar-lands act by making provisions for the sale of large
tracts of the friar lands to persons not actual and bona fide occupants as
defined therein, upon the same terms and conditions as those providing for
the sale to actual and bona fide occupants that said party of the second part
will buy, and said party of the first part will sell, the lands covered by the
terms of this agreement : Provided, however. That in case said friar-lands
act is not amended as specified, then said party of the first part shall continue
to lease said lands to said party of the second part, if requested to do so, and,
if not so requested, he shall then proceed to lease or sell said lands in the
manner provided by law.
VI. It is further agreed that the said party of the second part shall keep
trespassers from occupying any portion of said lands which are hereby reserved
for him, and to advise said party of the first part at the end of each calendar
year of the area occupied and cultivated by him or his agents.
VII. It is further agreed that all rents which shall become due upon leases
executed under the provisions of this agreement shall be paid annually before
the expiration of the lease year, at the office of the agent of the Tala estate, or
at the office of the party of the first part, in the city of Manila.
VIII. It is further agreed that said party of the second part shall have a right
to subrent or sublease any or all lands which are leased to him : Provided, how-
ever, That the conditions of said sublease shall not be repugnant to the terms of
the leases held by said party of the second part.
IX. It is further agreed that in the event of war or insurrection or dis-
turbance of the public order which may prevent the continued development work
by said party of the second part upon the lands held by him in lease, the obliga-
tions of the said party of the second part to the Government for the- year in
which the disorder or disturbance occurs shall be canceled upon the submission
to the said party of the first part of reasonable evidence of the fact.
X. Is is further agreed that said party of the first part will, in his ofl5cial
capacity, endeavor to obtain on the Tala estate adequate police protection and to
secure all possible assistance from the Government for the construction of high-
ways and bridges on and to the lands of said estate.
In witness whereof said parties have hereunto set their hands upon the date
and at the place first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Frank W. Carpenteb.
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
225
SAMPLE OF LEASES ENTERED INTO WITH MR. A. F. THAYER.
B. L. Form No. 26 (A).
o
O
H
Name,
Thayer, A. F.
Barrio, Nueva Si
., 436
, Malate, Manila.
Lot
felieet
Section
Calamba Estate.
Area, 406 H. 11 A. ;^0 C.
Class, Unirrigated
Percentage,
Rental
, T4S7.33 Payable September 2, 1910.
Effective from April 1, 1910, to September SO,
1910.
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
_
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
-
T
Lease
Parcel
Credits, -
Total Credits, -
-
T
T
Department of the Interior.
Departamento de lo Interior.
Bureau of Lands.
Oficina de Terrenos.
Friar Lands Division.
Divisi6n de los Terrenos de los Frailks.
Temrorary Lease No. 2172.
Arrendamiento provisional No.
Calamba Estate,
Hacienda.
Laguna Province.
Provincia.
This indenture, made in duplicate, this 2d day of April, 1910, between C. H.
Esta escritura heclia por duplicado, hoy dla de entre C. H.
Sleeper, Director of Lands, acting for and on behalf of the Government of the
Sleeper, Director de Terrenos, en nombre del Gobierno de las
Philippine Islands, as authorized by the provisions of the Friar Lands Act No.
Islas Filipinas, segun autorizan las disposiciones" de la Ley de los Terrenos de los Frailes
1120, as Lessor; and A. F. Thayer, a resident of the Municipality of Manilay
No. 1120, como Arrendador; y residente del Municipio de
Province of Manila, as Lessee:
Provincia de como Arrendatario:
Witnesseth, that said Lessor, for and in consideration of the rents, covenants,
Hace constar, que dicho Arrendador, en consideracion de las rentas, pactos
and conditions hereinafter stated, and hereby agreed to be paid, observed, and
y condiciones nds andelante expresados, y que por la presente conviene pagar, observar y
performed by said Lessee, does hereby lease, let, and demise unto the said Lessee
cumplir dicJio Arrendatario, arrienda, cede y traspasa & dicho Arrendatario
that certain tract or parcel of land, situate in the municipality of Calamba,
la parcela de terreno situada en el municipio de
Province of Laguna, known and designated as Lot No.
Provincia de conocida y designada como Lote No.
226
ADMINISTRATION OS' PHILIPPINE lANDS.
. LotsNos.
Sheet No.
Section No.
1997
59-58
10-11-12-2-3
(M
1999
59
5._6-7-9-10-ll
6
2000
55-59
1 5 3 4 7 8 11
"^
2776
59
1-2-5-6
a
2777
59-60
3-3-7-8
m
2858
59-54-60-55
3-4-9-8-9-1
2859
59-60
2-4-5-6-7-8-9
S
2860
54-60
1-5-3-5-6
2861
54-60
1-5-6-9
t
2869
54-53
1-2-9-10
g
2872
53
5-6-9-10
2873
53
6-7-10-11
2868
60-53-61-54
3-9-4-1
of said estate, and containing an area of 406 H. 11 A. 20 C, in accordance
de dicha Hacienda, y que contiene uii drea de • de acuerdo
with the official maps and records of technical descriptions of surveys and
con las mapas oficiales y registros de las descripciones t^cnicas de las mediciones y
boundaries of said lot, which are on record in the office of the Lessor in the Bureau
limites de dicha parcela, que obran en la oficina del Arrendador en la Oficina
of Lands at Manila,
de Terrenos en Manila.
To have and to hold the above-described lot, with the appurtenances thereunto
Para que tenga y posea la parcela arriba descrita, con todas las pertenencias que de
of right belonging, unto said Lessee, for a term of six months^ dating from the
derecho le corresponda, dicho Arrendatario, por un t^rmino de desde el
first day of Aprils 1910, until the last day of September, 1910.
dia l.o de hasta el liltimo dia de
In consideration whereof, and recognizing said lot as the property of the
En consideraci6n 4 lo cual, y reconociendo dicho lote como propiedad del Gobierno de las
Government of the Philippine Islands, said Lessee hereby agrees to pay annually
Islas Filipinas, dicho Arrendatario se compromete por la presente d pagar anualmente
as rental therefor, to said Lessor, or his duly authorized representative at such
como renta del mismo, d dicho Arrendador, 6 d su representante debidamente autorizado, en el
place as said Lessor may designate, the sum of four hundred eighty-seven pesos
lugar que el repetido Arrendador designe, la cantidad de
and thirty-three centavos {T' 487, 33), in one equal installments, on or before the
en plazos iguales, el dia l.o
first day of September, during the term of this lease: Provided, however, That
de 6 antes, mientras dure este arrendamiento: Entendiendose, sin embargo
if said lessee so elects, the total annual rental may be paid on or before the
Que si dicho Arrendatario lo eligiese, toda la renta anual puede ser pagada en la
date first stated, during each year of said term: And provided further. That
fecha iftrimero menclonada, 6 antes, durante cada aflo de dicho t^rmino; y entendi<5ndose,
upon default of said Lessee in the payment of any such first installment of
de mtis que al dejar dicho Arrendatario de pagar cualquiera de*dichos primeros plazos de
rental as aforesaid, the total annual rental shall thereupon become due and
renta como queda dicho, toda la renta anual vencerd y serd pagadera acto seguido.
payable.
In further consideration, and as an essential condition of this lease, said
En consideraci6n ademds, y como condici6n esencial de este arrendamiento, dicho
Lessee does hereby waive and renounce his right, under the provisions of
Arrendatario renuncia per la presente su derecho con arreglo & las disposiciones del
-^% s \'\*
ADMINISTBATIQN 0¥ PHILIPPINE LANDS. 227
Section 80 of the Code of Civil Procedure, to notice or demand for payment of
artlculo 80 del C6digo de Procedimiento Civil de ser notiflcado 6 demandado para el pago de
rentals due, likewise waiving and renouncing any right which he might have
las rentas debidas, renunciando de igual modo cualquier derecho que pudiera tener
under the provisions of Article 1575 of the Civil Code to a reduction of rental
por virtud de las disposiciones del artlculo 1575 del C6digo Civil ^ una reducci6n de la renta
on account of loss or damage suffered by reason of any and all extraordinary
por raz6n de p^rdida 6 danos sufridos por causa de casos fortuitos extraordinarios
or unforeseen fortuitous events. Said Lessee agrees that he shall not sublet
6 imprevistos. Dicho Arrendatario se compromete ^ no subarrendar
or sublease said lot, or any part or parts thereof, nor shall he transfer or
el referido lote ni ninguna parte del mismo, d no transferir
assign this lease, without first having secured the written consent of said
este arreDdamiento sin obtener previamente el consentimiento por escrito del
Lessor, and that he shall not commit any waste nor permit any trespass
Arrendador, y 4 no cometer ning\in destrozo ni permitir ninguna invasidn
upon said lot, but that he shall report immediately to said Lessor any trespass
de dicho lote, y d dar cuenta inmediatamente al Arrendador de cualquier invasi6n
or attempted trespass thereon, or any action of any person or persons upon
6 tentativa de invasidn del mismo y de cualquier acto de cualesquier personas
any adjacent property, which might result in injury or damage to said lot.
en propiedad adyacente que pueda dar por resultado el dafio 6 perjuicio de dicho lote.
Said Lessee further agrees that upon the expiration of the term hereinabove
Dicho arrendatario conviene ademds, que d la expiraci6n del plazo antes
stated, or upon the default of said Lessee in the performance of any of the condi-
designado, 6 al faltar dicho Arrendatario al cumplimiento de cualquiera de las condiciones
tions hereof, said Lessor may terminate this lease; and that upon its termination
de este contrato, el referido Arrendador podrd dar por terminado este arrendamiento; y que
for such defaults, said Lessee shall vacate said lot immediately: Provided, how-
A la terminaci6n de este por dicha falta, el repetido Arrendatario dejard inmediatamente
ever, That any sum or sums of money due by said Lessee to the Government of the
desocupado dicho lote: Eritendiendose, sin embargo, Que cualesquier cantidades de dinero
Philippine Islands, for rental accruing upon this lease, or for damages arising;
que dicho Arrendatario deba al Gobierno de las Mas Filipinas por concepto de rentas de
from any breach of the conditions hereof, shall be at all times a valid first
Micho arrendamiento, 6 por daiios provenientes de cualquier infracci6n de las condiciones de
lien upon all buildings, fixtures, and other property belonging to said Lessee
este contrato, serd siempre un primer gravamen vdlido sobre todos los edificios, instalaciones
and situated upon said lot, and if, upon the termination of this lease on account
y demds propiedad perteneciente al repetido Arrendatario que est6n situados en dicho lote,
of such default of said Lessee, as aforesaid, there remains due to said Govern-
y si, d la terminaci6n de este arrendamiento por raz6n de dicha falta del .mencionado
ment of the Philippine Islands any sum or sums of money, whether for rental
Arrendatario, como queda dicho, restan cualesquier sumas de dinero debidas d dicho
or otherwise, as aforesaid, said Lessee shall net remove said property from said
Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas, sea por concepto de renta 6 por otro concepto, como queda
lot without first having satisfied such indebtedness, or without first having
expresado, dicho Arrendatario no retirard la mencionada propiedad del repetido lote sin
secured the written consent of said Lessor to so remove said property : And pro-
haber previamente satisfecho semejante deuda, 6 sin haber obtenido previamente el con-
vided further, That if such property has not been removed from said lot at the
sentlmiento por escrito del repetido Arrendador para retirarla : Y entendiendose, ademds,
expiration of thirty days from the date of said termination for default, then
Que si dicha propiedad uo ha sido rctirada de dicho lote d la expiracidn de treinta dias
228 ABMIKISTEATION OP PHILIPPIKE LANDS.
it shall be considered that said lessee has relinquished and abandoned all right,
desde la fecha de la termmaci6n del contrato por incumplimlento, se considerarA que el
title, and interest in and to said property, and said lessor may enter upon said
mencionado Arrendatario ha abandonado todo derecho, titulo 6 interns sobre la propiedad
lot and take possession thereof, and likewise of said property, by right of
repetida, y al Arrendador podr^ entrar en dicho lote y tomar posesi6n del mlsmo, asl como
accession.
de la mencionada propiedad por derecho de accesi6n.
In testimony whereof said parties have hereunto set their hands.
En testimonio de lo cual, las referidas partes lo firman de su puiio y letra.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
Director de Terrenos.
A. F. Thayeb.
Signed by the lessee in the presence of^
Firmado por el Arrendatario en presencia de
Rafael Pabalan.
CoRNELio Santiago.
Approved :
Aprobado:
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior,
Secretario de lo Interior.
A true copy:
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands,
Director de Terrenos.
Mr. Douglas. Now, coming back to the San Jose transaction,
have you a blank form here in the room of the first certificate that
was issued ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Have you a copy of the first certificate that was
issued to Mr. Poole in Washington ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Is it in this book ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is here as an exhibit.
Mr. Douglas. Yes ; on page 45 is a copy of sales certificate No. 1.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; it is there.
Mr. Douglas. Are sales certificates Nos. 2 and 3 also included
here — copies of them ?
Mr. Si/Eeper. No; I think they are not included.
Mr. Douglas. You spoke a minute ago of sales certificate No. 5.
Mr. Sj.eeper. Nos. 4 and 5.
Mr. Douglas. What are they?
Mr. Sleeper. They are changing the areas as the surveys found
there were changes required.
Mr. Douglas. Make that a little more definite.
Mr. Sleeper. You see, it was divided into two tracts, one large
tract and the other of 4,200 hectares.
Mr. Douglas. Who was the nominee by Mr. Poole in the grant of
that tract?
Mr. Sleeper. The 4,000?
Mr. Douglas. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. He has not named anybody, or had not when we
left
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 229
Mr. Douglas. But he holds the certificate in his own name?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. As Poole or his nominee?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. You say that in January of this year the transaction
was closed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. DouGi^s. Did I understand you to say that thereupon he pro-
ceeded to develop his purchase in the island of Mindoro ? What did
he do?
Mr. Sleeper. I think in December he began to work. I do not
know what they did. All I know is they were going to build a rail-
road up to the place, so that they could get up there.
Mr. Douglas. From where?
Mr. Sleeper. From a port south of there, Mangarin Bay.
Mr. Douglas. How long would the railroad be, about.
Mr. Sleeper. I think they told me it would be about 12 miles long,
including the branches that went into the estate.
Mr. Douglas. What has he done meanwhile since he began this
work in December, if it was as early as that in 1909, what work has
been done there since?
Mr. Sleeper. He is building that railroad. He told me a few days
before we left that he had about 11 miles of it completed.
Mr. Douglas. Has the Mindoro Development Co. made any prog-
ress in erecting a centrale or refinery there, do you know ?
Mr. Sleeper. All I know is there was a man came in my office who
represented himself as representing the Honolulu Iron Works, and
said they had a contract for putting up a mill for the Mindoro De-
velopment Co.
Mr. Douglas. That is the concern that puts up most of the mills in
the Pacific country generally ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Douglas. About when was that? How long before you left?
When did you leave ; about when was it ?
Mr. SiiEEPER. I left November 7, and I expect it was in October.
Mr. Douglas. That he had a contract with whom ; did he say ?
Mr. Sleeper. The Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Douglas. To put up a sugar mill?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Where?
Mr. Sleeper. On the San Jose estate.
Mr. Douglas. And that is as far as you know, either personally or
by statements from anybody connected with the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co., of the work that has been done down there?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I have heard a great deal about their endeavors
to get labor to work the plantation. It has been in the papers, and I
have heard lots about it. Mr. Poole has talked about it.
Mr. Douglas. There is some reference to that here. Have they
had difiiculty in getting labor ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. I believe that is all.
Mr. Parsons. Does this San Jose estate border on the water?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; about 12 miles, I think, along the shore.
230 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Can you see on the map, on the wall, where that is, or
is it more southerly ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; it is down below the bottom of this map ?
Mr. Parsons. On the southwestern corner ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Is there any harbor on the estate?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; the harbor is some ways below the estate. I
think it is 5 or 6 miles to the boundary of the estate.
Mr. Parsons. Is it from the harbor that this railroad runs ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What is the name of the harbor ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mangarin Bay.
Mr. Parsons, What town is there ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know what township it is in. There is no
town there, so far as I know.
Mr. Jones. The certificate states the township it is in?
Mr. Sleeper. There were two connected with the estate.
Mr. Parsons. Is there any settlement there at all.
Mr. Sleeper. On the harbor ?
Mr. Parsons. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. I think there is below there. I have never been there
personally. I think there is a small settlement there.
Mr. Parsons. You were asked in connection with the sale of lands
of more than 16 hectares to individuals, whether they included any
land outside of what the vendee had occupied, and you said as a rule
not. Were you often requested to sell lands outside of what the
vendee had occupied ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; only in certain instances where a man has all of
his land cultivated, and he might want to extend his cultivation to
the unoccupied lands alongside.
Mr. Parsons. And he was allowed to do that ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. So that when he desired more land he was allowed to
purchase it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. You refer to friar lands, of course ?
Mr. SiJiiEPER. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. How much public land is there in Mindoro that is
the same kind of land as the land of the San Jose estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Tluit I could not say. I have not been there. I have
heard that the entire area on that tract along the coast there are just
about as good as the Mindoro estate; and there are lands there that
are better adapted for sugar cultivation.
Mr. Parsons. What is the usual purchase price of friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. It varies according to the location of the land, from
$4 a hectare up to $2,000 a hectare, according to the location and to
the condition. Some of the friar lands are located right in cities.
Mr. Davis. I mean the sugar lands, such as you have been talking
about. What is the usual price of those lands?
Mr. Sleeper. It varies on each estate, again. On the Santa Rosa
estate, which is considered a very good estate, the land would be
worth ?=155 a hectare.
Mr. Davis. How much is that in American money ?
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 231
Mr. Sleeper. That is $32 an acre, or approximately.
Mr. Davis. Is not the Island of Mindoro largely wooded?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. In the interior? '
Mr. Sleeper. The interior has large forest areas in it.
Mr. Davis. Where is the open land ?
Mr. Sleeper. There are stretches of cogon land all through
it, which is land, I believe, that has been occupied by the natives,
and they have cut off the trees and planted a crop or two and then
gone away ; they are what we call caingins — natives that have been
there a year or two and then gone away to some other point where
the soil is virgin. There are large stretches of that cogon land on
the Island of Mindoro which are open.
Mr. Davis. Are there any large towns on that island ?
Mr. Si^eper. I never have been there. The town of Calipan is
probably the largest town on the northeast portion.
Mr. Davis. You say that Mr. Poole has contracted to purchase or
has leased about 56,000 acres.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. A^Tiat is the total consideration for that?
Mr. Douglas. ^734,000, if you will let me give it right here. I
happened to have the certificate right in front of me.
Mr. Davis. Reduce it.
Mr. Jones. The peso is a half dollar.
Mr. GARREi^r. Do you know why Mr. Poole had this division made ?
Mr. Sleeper. He told me it was on account of the Mindoro De-
velopment Co. He wanted two tracts of land, one for himself and
one to transfer to them.
Mr. Garrett. In one of these there was 4,200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. I told him that a corporation could not
hold that land.
Mr. Garrett. When he paid for that 4,200 hectares was he
tendered a deed?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; he was tendered a sales certificate.
Mr. Garrett. Did you ever ask him if he wanted a deed?
Mr. Sleeper. No; because the agreement was that he was to sub-
divide that land. There were to be two subdivisions of that 4,200;
200 for the Mindoro Development Co. and the other to a man he was
to nominate. I do not know who it is.
Mr. Garreitt. And he never did indicate?
Mr. Sijceper. He has not yet, because he has just got the survey of
the 200 and knows how to write the description of it. Just before
we left the survey had been made of that.
Mr. Garrett. This deed, was it made to the Mindoro Development
Co. as a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. No individuals named in it?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garretf. Who received that deed after it was made?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Poole.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Poole took it?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I think Mr. Bruce, his attorney, got it.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Poole got it through his attorney i
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
232 ADMIlSriSTRATION OF PHILIPPHSTE LANDS.
Mr. Garrett. Is there a system of recording deeds over there?
Mr. SuEEPER. Yes, sir. It had not been recorded when we left. It
was just signed the day we left.
Mr. Garrett. Would it be recorded in Manila?
Mr. Skeeper. It would be recorded in my office, and also in the
register of deeds for the island of Mindoro, the Province of Mindoro.
Mr. Garrett. Had it been paid for? Had the fees for recording
been paid for when you left?
Mr. Sleeper. That I do not know.
Mr. Garrett. Did you understand that Mr. Poole is the agent of
the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; that is my understanding.
Mr. Garrei^t. And also the agent of whoever the purchasers of
this other land are ?
Mr. Sleeper. Well, I dp not know whether he is the agent or
whether he is the purchaser.
Mr. Garrett. He said, did he not, he was representing Mr. Welch
and Mr. Havemeyer?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Hamilton. I did not understand this witness to say he men-
tioned anything about Havemeyer.
Mr. Sleeper. He said Mr. Welch was interested with him.
Mr. Hamilfon. Interested with whom?
Mr. Sleeper. He said he was interested with him, that Mr. Poole
had an interest himself.
Mr. Garrett. Was that the only name he mentioned ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the only name he mentioned.
Mr. Garrett. Just Mr. Welch ?
Mr. Sleeper. Just Mr. Welch.
Mr. GrARRErr. Did he make any inquiries of your office there as
to the right of a corporation to hold agricultural lands?
Mr. Seeeper. I belie A^e we told it to him on several occasions, that
a corporation could not, under the law^, hold for agricultural pur-
poses more than 1,024 hectares.
Mr. Garrett. Has your department ever construed that language,
or has there been a construction by the legal department of the
insular government of the language in the law, " or association of
persons? "
Mr. Sleeper. I think there has been a decision by the Attorney
General that it means an incorporated or organized association of
persons.
Mr. Garrett. That is, it is the same thing as a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. A corporation — yes ; a corporation under our present
laws, or a corporation organized under the old Spanish laws.
Mr. Garrett. What did the Mindoro Development Co. have to
do under the insular laws to obtain the right to do business there —
anything?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; it had to comply with the corporation laws
of the Philippine Islands and obtain a certificate from the executive
bureau.
Mr. Garreit?. Just what, briefly, did they have to do to comply
with that law?
Mr. Sleeper. They had to file a statement, I believe, where they are
incorporated in the United States; that they are properly incor-
ADMJNISTEATIOlsr OF PHILTPPINE LANDS. 233
porated, and some statement as to their capital, and so forth, and
who they are.
Mr. Garkett. Who the incorporators are?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. When did you first see the charter of this Mindoro
Development Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. I think I first saw it in Mr. Martin's speeches pub-
lished in the Congressional Record.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Poole did not have a copy of it with him, or at
least he did not show you a copy of it?
Mr. Sleeper. I did not see it. He might have had one.
Mr. Garrett. Do you know of any other agent of the Mindoro De-
velopment Co. than Mr. Poole ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Prentiss.
Mr. Garrett. Or Mr. Prentiss ?
Mr. Sleeper. They are the only two I ever had to do with.
Mr. Garrett. Is Mr. Prentiss connected officially with the Mindoro
Development Co., or is he connected with Mr. Poole, or otherwise ?
Mr. Sleeper. That I could not say.
Mr. Garrett. He was connected with him in the purchase of the
land?
Mr. Sleeper. He came there with him.
Mr. Garrett. He came there with him?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Garrett. Did he participate in all the negotiations?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; he did not. He seemed to be a bookkeeper, or
cashier, or something like that.
Mr. Gar*rett. Mr. Poole did all the negotiating ?
Mr. Sleeper. He or his attorney, Mr. Bruce. There was another
man by the name of Thompson, who seemed to be an employee of Mr.
Poole, sort of an engineer or surveyor or something of that sort,
who was formerly connected with some other company — the Philip-
pine Products Co.
Mr. Garrett. When this payment was made by Mr. Poole, how was
it made, by check or draft ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was a check on the bank there.
Mr. Garrett. Was it signed by Mr. Poole personally ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was signed by him personally, but I do
not recollect, though I did see the check, and I think it was signed by
Mr. Poole.
Mr. Garrett. The check was passed through your hands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Through my cashier ; yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Would it be payable to you ?
Mr. Sleeper. Payable to the director of lands.
Mr. Garrett. To the director of lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. GARRirrT. And by you indorsed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Garrett. So you do not remember whether it was a personal
check of his ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was a personal check of Mr. Poole, al-
though I could not say positively.
Mr. Garrett. Do you rememljer positively that the Mindoro De-
velopment Co. was not connected with it in any way ?
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 19
234 ABMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. I would have noticed it, and I do not recall it at the
present time that it was. I do not think so, although I have seen
checks of the Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Garrett. In connection with this transaction ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; other transactions.
Mr. Garrett. What other transactions have you seen checks of
theirs — land transactions ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; just the purchase of supplies and stuff in Manila.
I would see their names there.
Mr. Garrett. Purchasing supplies for this work?
Mr. Sleeper. I presume it was for this, because that is the only
thing I know of that they ever had any interest in.
Mr. Garrett. Were they checks on banks in Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. The local banks ; yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Your best recollection is this payment was by check
on a local bank ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was a check on the Hong Kong and Shang-
hai Bank, and signed by Mr. Poole. I did not pay much attention
to the check. I was pleased to get the payment on that estate.
Mr. Garrett. You of course had satisfied yourself that the check
was good before you accepted it, that the money was there to pay it?
Mr. Sleeper. I turned it right over to the Treasury Department,
as usual, to deposit with the account of the day. It might have been
an accepted check, a certified check. We usually required such pay-
ments to be made by certified check.
Mr. Garre^tt. Have you any record here that will show positively
by whom that check was drawn ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not. *
Mr. Garrett. These checks you speak of, signed by the Mindoro
Development Co., that you saw, were whose? Was it just that sig-
nature, Mindoro Development Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember. I remember seeing a check of
the Mindoro Development Co., either in the bank or in the store or
somewhere, and I had never seen any before, and it excited my
curiosity.
Mr. Garrett. Did you notice the handwriting?
Mr. Sleeper. No.
Mr. Garrett. With any degree of care?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I did not.
Mr. Garrett. Do you remember whether it showed it was signed
by the Mindoro Development Co. by someone, or how was it?
Mr, Sleeper. It was signed by someone, but I do not know whom.
Mr. Garrett. By Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; it was not signed by Poole. It might have
been signed by Prentiss or some other of their employees. They have
an office in Manila.
Mr. Garrett. I mean the signature would be, " Mindoro Develop-
ment Co., by Prentiss." Is that what you mean?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Garrett. I believe that is all.
Mr. Douglas. Just one question in connection with what was
stated :
I understood you the reason that you now give — at least the ex-
planation, whether it is the reason or not I do not know or care-—
ADMINISTRATIOIsr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 235
why Mr. Poole has not nominated anyone to receive the total of the
4,000 hectares left of the 4,200 after' the 200 were taken out is be-
cause the survey was not completed until just after you left Manila?
Mr. Slp]eper. Yes, sir; that is true. The surveyors were down
there and got back, I think, the very day we left, wath the descrip-
tion of those two parcels of land.
Mr. Douglas. One description of 200 hectares and the other of
4,000 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. When did Poole first tell you he was agent for the
Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not think he ever told me.
Mr. Douglas. I just have one other question to ask.
Mr. Madison. Pardon me.
Mr. Douglas. Do you know whether or not the firm of Bruce &
Lawrence, or Mr. Bruce, had given to Poole any information as to
the powder of the provincial government to make a conveyance of this
land? I understood you to say he wanted the opinion of his attor-
neys, Bruce & Lawrence, or Mr. Bruce. Do you know whether, as a
matter of fact, he got such opinion from Mr. Bruce ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not. I know that in talking the matter over
with Bruce at one time Mr. Bruce seemed to think the opinion that
my law clerk had given was the right construction of the law. He
told me that once — that there was no question about it.
Mr. Douglas. He was the attorney of that firm, or that firm was
attorney for Mr. Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. When did Poole first mention the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. to you ?
Mr. Sleeper. It was when we w^ere making out that second lot of
sale certificates.
Mr. Madison. The second lot?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. The first were to him, and then he said he
wanted to divide it and have it niade to himself or to his nominee.
I think it was in December some time.
Mr. Madlson. The first sale certificate was to him personally?
Mr. Sleeper. As I remember, it was to him personally for the
entire estate, in one certificate.
Mr. Madison. And did not contain this provision to Poole or to his
nominee ?
Mr. Sleeper. Without referring to it, I could not say.
Mr. EucKER. Is that the one dated November 26, 1909 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Pucker. That says " nominee."
Mr. Madison. I was asking for information.
Mr. Douglas. The first one says " Poole, vendee, or his nominee."
Mr. Madison. Did you make any inquiiy as to who his propo:=^ed
nominees were?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. You did not ask anything at all about that?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Did you make any inquiry as to whether it was
likely to be a corporation ?
236 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. I told him he could not transfer it to a corporation,
and we could not give a deed to a corporation.
Mr. Madison. When did you tell him he could not transfer to a
corporation ?
Mr. Sleeper. I told him a corporation could not buy it the very
first day he was in my office.
Mr. Madison. He came to you later and asked to have one sale cer-
tificate canceled and another sale certificate issued?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. And you told him at that time that he could not make
a transfer to this Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Then he told me the Mindoro Development Co. was
going to mill his sugar.
Mr. Madison. He also told you at that time, did he not, that he
wanted that tract divided, so that he might transfer a portion of it to
the Mindoro Development Co., a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. Not that way.
Mr. Madison. At the time of the making of the second certificate?
Mr. Sleeper. No; he told me that they would have to have a sur-
vey made of the mill site, and that the mill site and the railroad site
would be transferred to the Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Madison. But that would not be in violation of law, because
the amount that he proposed to convey was less than 1,024 hectares,
was it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. I understood you, and I am asking now to see
whether or uot I am correct in my understanding that he said to you
at the time he had one of these new certificates issued, that he wanted
the land divided into two tracts, and that he was going to convey
one of those tracts, 4,200 hectares, to the Mindoro Development Co.
Did he not tell you that?
Mr. Sleeper. No; he did not tell me that. He said they were to
get their mill site and whatever it was, and the 4,200 hectares were to
be divided. He did not say between whom, except the mill site Avas
to go to the Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Parsons. Was the mill site to be a part of that 4,200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. A part of that 4.200. He knew then where it was
going, approximately, but his engineers had not been over it.
Mr. Madison. Then I probably misunderstood yoU; l)ecause I
thought you said the 4,200 hectares were to go to the Mindoro De-
velopment Co.
Mr. Sleeper. Oh, no.
Mr. Madison. Did it go to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper, No, sir.
Mr. Madiscn. Has any part of this estate gone to the Mindoro
Development Co. except the part necessary for the building of their
mill?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Two hundred hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. The mill and the railroad ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 237
Mr. Madison. How lon^ has it been the policy of the Philippine
Government to convey more than 16 hectares of the friar lands to
individuals upon request?
The Chairman. You mean the policy or the practice ?
Mr. Madison. The practice.
Mr. Sleeper. Ever since the passage of the amendment to the
original friar lands act.
Mr. Madison. When was that ?
Mr. Sleeper. It was in June, 1908.
Mr. Madison. Prior to that time had or had not the construction
of that act by the authorities of the Philippine Government been
that no part of the friar lands could be sold to an individual in
excess of 16 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that has been the law. That had been our
construction of the law.
Mr. Madison. Where did you get that from — from the organic act?
Mr. Sleeper. From the friar lands act itself.
Mr. Madison. From the organic act passed by Congress ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. When you speak of the friar lands act, do vou
mean the act passed by Congress? You have spoken of an amend-
ment, but we have not amended it.
Mr. Madison. The Philippine Legislature amended it.
The Chairman. Did they amend the Philippine legislative act or
the act of Congress?
Mr. Sleeper. They amended the original act of the Philippine Leg-
islature.
Mr. Jones. They amended what they call their own friar lands
act.
The CiTAiRiMAN. Did that act prohibit the sale of more than 16
hectares of land to an individual?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; to any individual, except where they were
the bona fide occupants or settlers.
Mr. Madison. Now I understand you, I think. You never obtained
your liniitation of 16 hectares to a person from the organic act of the
Philippines passed by the Congress of the United States?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. The authorities of the Philippine Islands, the Phil-
ippine Government, has always construed the organic acts of the
Philippines passed by the United States Congress as placing no limi-
tatious upon the amount of land — that is, the friars' land that might
be sold to an individual?
Mr. Sleeper. That is correct.
Mr. Madison. Your limitation was obtained solely from the Phil-
ippine act?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Mx\DisoN. Which was amended in 1908?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; on the 3d day of June.
Mr. Madison. And which took off the limitation?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the purpose of the act. I drafted it myself
and forwarded it to the Secretary of the Interior, with the statement
at that time we would have so much of these vacant lands on our
hands that We could not expect to pay the interest on the bonds or
238 ADMINISTEATIOlSr OF PHILIPPHSTE LANDS.
even pay the administration charges against these lands unless we did
something to dispose of them.
Mr. Madison. Was there ever any contention there in the Philip-
pines among lawyers or among purchasers or prospective purchasers
with regard to the construction of the organic act of the Philippines
passed by Congress — that is, upon this question of limitation of 16
hectares to 1 person?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. Do you know anything about any contention there?
Mr. Sleeper. 1 never heard of it.
Mr. Madison. It has been universally acquiesced in, according to
your understanding, that that limitation upon public lands did not
apply to the friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is my understanding, and I have had
my law clerk go over that thing and give me advice on the subject.
Mr. Parsons. When w^as the first sale of occupied friar lands that
was made to one person that amounted to more than 16 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. In 1908, I think, or perhaps in 1907.
Mr. Parsons. Prior to the passage of the amendment of the Philip-
pine friar lands act ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. I wish you would explain to me again just what the
dift'erent certificates were. You said there were five.
Mr. Sleeper. As I recollect, there were five. The first certificate
included the whole estate. Then Mr. Poole decided he wanted to
divide that up, and he made a second certificate or two certificates.
Mr. Parsons. Certificates 2 and 3 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Certificates 2 and 3.
Mr. Parsons. Then what happened ?
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to get those certificates to give the exact
information as to the difference between Nos. 2 and 3 and Nos. 4 and
5, but there is some difference in area, I think, of the land.
Mr. Parsons. Did Nos. 4 and 5 cover in toto the same area as Nos.
2 and 3?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; exactly the same.
Mr. Parsons. And as No. 1 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. The only difference, as I remember it, was
on account of the areas and the surveys. I have those certificates or
copies of all of them here, and you can have them.
Mr. Parsons. Can you put them in the record ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Have you them with you now, here in this room ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not them with me, but I have them in Wash-
ington, or will have to-morrow or next day.
Mr. Rucker. I was confused, possibly, like Mr. Madison was,
about the conversation which you had with Mr. Poole with reference
to the 4,200 hectares and as to his wanting it divided. One was di-
vided into two and three, and one was for 200 hectares. Is that the
fact?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. EiTCKER. He stated to you, as I understood you to state in your
answer made at the instance of either Mr. Douglas or the chairman,
that he wanted that division made because he was to convey that
4,200 hectares to the Mindoro Development Co.
ADMINTSTRATIOK OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 239
Mr. Sleeper. He did not say that. He wanted to have the mill
site within the 4,200 hectares.' He had settled it in his own mind
that a certain place was where the mill ought to be placed, and I
understood he wanted to convey a mill site within that area to the
Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. EucKER. But you stated that you told him that you could not
do that because it was more than the 2,500 acres
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). I said I
Mr. RucKER (interposing) . That would go to a corporation.
Mr. Sleeper. I said we could not convey to a corporation over
1,024: hectares.
Mr. RucKER. He wanted the 4,^0 hectares for the purpose of giv-
ing to the Mindoro Development Co., which called forth your answer
that it could not be done because it was more than could go to a cor-
poration? Is not that true?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I think not, because we knew well that we could
not execute any such instrument.
Mr. Rtjcker. Then it is true that he was of opinion that he could
convey that to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Four thousand two hundred hectares?
Mr. RiJCKER. Yes, sir.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; he knew very well after his first visit to my
office that no corporation could hold more than 1,024 hectares.
Mr. Davis. You do not mean no corporation could hold, under your
construction, more than 2,500 acres of friar land, do you?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. You do not mean to make that statement?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. I thought your contention was
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). Agricultural corporations.
Mr. Davis. You said " no corporations."
Mr. Sleeper. Oh, no.
Mr. Davis. You correct it now ; that you meant to say " no agricul-
tural corporation " ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Rucker. What I was trying to get at is what brought forth
the answer from you that you could not make the conveyance to the
corporation for the amount exceeding 2,500 acres?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what Mr. Poole stated he wanted the estate
divided up for, and before he had explained what he wanted to do
with this 4,200 hectares — then before he had explained he wanted
it so that within that area he could get this mill site and railroad
entrance to the estate from the outside I told him we could not do
it in excess of the limitation prescribed by law. He knew that all
the time and was very familiar with the law, because I had always
told him from the very beginning, and he knew it very well.
Mr. Madison. "Why did you do that ? What was it that suggested
itself to yon that caused you to say to him, " There can not be more
than 1,024 hectares go to a corporation "?
Mr. Sleeper. Originally?
Mr. Madison. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. He said he represented Welch & Co. I did not know
whether they were a corporation or not.
Mr. Madison. That was the only reason?
240 ADMIN ISTHATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. That was the only reason in my mind; yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Did you not, as a matter of fact, understand he was
there representing the American Sugar Refining Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Fo, sir ; and I do not thinly so vet.
Mr. Madison. Did you not, as a matter of fact, have that in your
mind at the time ?
Mr. Sleeper. Never, never. For example, Mr. Poole told me — or
somebody told me, I think my assistant told me — that they did
not raise sugar.
Mr. Madison. Did not what?
Mr. Sleeper. Did not raise sugar; that they refined sugar.
Mr. Madison. Yes; I understand; bilt did you not understand, as
a matter of fact, that Mr. Poole was so associated with the Ameri-
can Sugar Refining Co. and some of its subsidiary corporations that
you thought it was very likely that he w^as buying for a corporation ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Your only reason for making this suggestion, then,
that a corporation could not own more than 2,500 acres, was the fact
that he mentioned Welch & Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Why did you not ask him who Welch & Co. were ?
Mr. Sleeper. I did.
Mr. Madison. What did he tel] you ?
Mr. Sleeper. He said they were a concern that had an interest in
sugar plantations in Cuba.
Mr. Madison. He did ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Madison. Did he say anything about being in communication
with the American Sugar Refining Co. or any subsidiary corpora-
tion?
Mr. Sleeper. Not a word.
Mr. Madison. You had no reason to suspect anything of that
kind?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. I do not suspect it yet to-day.
Mr. Madison. After they told you who Welch & Co. were, you then
understood they were not a corporation, did you ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Then there was not any occasion for telling him that
they could not have more than 1,024 hectares as a corporation, was
there?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Poole came to me on that proposition — that he
could not buy that estate because I could not sell to an individual
more than 16 hectares or to a corporation more than 1,024 hectares.
I told him I thought we could; that we could sell to an individual
the entire estate.
Mr. Madison. Did he intimate he wanted to buy for a corporation
or that he was representing a corporation or that his nominee might
be a corporation ?
Mr. Sleeper. That would not do any good, would it ?
Mr. Madison. I am asking you a question. I am not entering into
a discussion with you ; I am trying to get at the facts.
Mr. Sleeper. I did not catch the question.
Mr. Madison. Read the question.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 241
The Stenographer (reading). Did he intimate he wanted to buy
for a corporation or that he was representing a corporation, or that
his nominee might be a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. He said he wanted to buy it himself.
Mr. Madison. Alone, individually?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; with Welch & Co.'s assistance. He told
me Welch & Co. were associated with him. I understood he was
himself iterested financially in the transaction, from his conversation.
Mr. Madison. Your first statement was Welch & Co. were backing
him?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Madison. What was the language that he used — that Welch &
Co. were backing him or that Welch & Co. were associated with him?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember the exact language he used. I
would not attempt to say what it was.
Mr. Madison. That is all.
Mr. Garrett. Capt. Sleeper, was any effort made to ascertain who
the " company " was of Welch & Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. By me?
Mr. Garret't. Yes, sir.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Or anybody else?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garre^tt. Since Eepresentative Martin made this speech and
began this agitation on the floor of the House there has been a great
deal of feeling about this matter among the officials there in Manila,
has there not, particularly those directly interested?
Mr. Sleeper. Of course they have been attacked, and there is con-
siderable feeling.
Mr. Garrett. Have they made any effort to find out from this man
Poole who the parties in interest are that owned that land, do you
know ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not think they have.
Mr. Garrett. You have not personally made any effort at all to
find that out?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; except I asked Poole once if he represented
the American Sugar Trust, and he said he did not.
Mr. Garrett. When was that?
Mr. Sleeper. I should say perhaps 60 days ago.
Mr. Garrett. You did not ask him if he had any objection to
stating just whom he did represent?
Mr. Sleeper. No.
Mr. Garrett. Just who the parties were?
Mr. Sleeper. No.
Mr. Garrett. Why did you not do that, Mr. Sleeper, with all this
feeling there is over there ?
Mr. Sleeper. I was not sufficiently interested in it. I considered
I had done my duty and sold this estate to an individual, and I think
so yet.
Mr. Garrett. Suppose it should turn out it was a subterfuge in
fact?
Mr. Sleeper. Well?
Mr. Garrett. Would you feel you had done your full duty by not
inquiring closely into that matter ?
242 ADMIN TSTRATTON OF PHILTPPTNE I^NDS.
Mr. Sleepeij. Yes; I would, just like the collector of customs did
his duty when he did not find out they wei'e stealing for some yeurs.
When he found it out action was taken. I think in this case action
would be simihuiy taken. If they have defrauded the Government
or done things they ouglit not to do, it is up to the law officers to get
after them.
Mr. Garrett. Is it not a fact the officials were so anxious to sell
this property that they really did not want to inquire into that very
closely for fear they might find out it was a subterfuge?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I do not think they were anxious tO evade
the law. I am sure I w^as not.
Mr. Garrett. I am not meaning to charge you were. I do not
want you to understand my question as indicating that I think so.
But you were exceedingly anxious to sell that land/^
Mr. Sleeper. Exceedingly anxious; yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. That is all.
Mr. Jones. I would like to ask one or two questions, Mr. Chairman.
I understand you to say that a conveyance had been made to the
Mindoro Development Co. for only 200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Still, certificate No. 1, which is published in this re-
pK)rt, states " that the vendor will convey to the vendee or his nomi-
nees, by pro|)er instrument of conveyance, 200 hectares, to be desig-
nated by the vendee in a single tract within the limits of the said
hacienda."
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. That is, upon the payment of 1P42,875?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. This certificate also provides that upon the payment
of the residue of the purchase money for the whole tract a convey-
ance shall be made to the vendee or his nominees?
Mr. Parsons. What certificate are you referring to?
Mr. Jones. No. 1.
Mr. Parsons. As a matter of fact, has any conveyance been made
to anybody of any part of that land, except the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; not yet.
Mr. Jones. None has been made to anybody?
Mr. Sleeper. Except the Mindoro Development Co., for 200 hec-
tares.
Mr. Jones. Has the purchase money been paid for the whole tract ?
Mr. Sleeper. For the 4,200 hectares; yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. For the whole tract?
Mr. Sleeper. No; the 4,200 hectares have been paid for in cash,
and one payment has been made on the residue of the estate.
Mr. Jones. This is the language of the agreement :
And upon completion of the payment of the purchase price as hereinbefore
stated, together with rM aeerued interest, said vendor will convey the remainder
of said land by proper instrument of conveyance to said vendee or his nominees.
That is the whole transaction— that is the whole land for which
F734,000 were to be paid. That payment has not yet been completed,
you say?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 243
Mr. eToNES. The vendees have no right to ask for a conveyance of
any but the 200 hectares of land until the whole payment is com-
pleted, according to that contract, have they?
Mr. Sleeper. That is not the contract that is now in vogue.
Mr. Jones. That is the only one that is given, so far as I have seen,
in this report, and that is the one I am questioning you about.
Mr. Sleeper. There are other contracts that have superseded that
contract.
Mr. Jones. Other contracts that have superseded that one ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. I understand that, but under these contracts and un-
der the first one you have conveyed to the nominees of the vendee
200 hectares of land.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; not under that contract. That contract was
canceled.
Mr. Jones. I know; but under a similar provision, at any rate.
This contract provides that upon the payment of f^42,875 tlie vendor
shall convey to the vendee or his nominees 200 hectares of hind ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. I understand that these 200 liectai-es have been con-
veyed.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. If it is not under this agreement, it must be under an
agreement which has a similar provision?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. That has been conveyed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. You have not conveyed any other land to the Mindoro
Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. None whatever.
Mr. Jones. Nor have you conveyed any other lands to the vendee,
Mr. Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. So all the land you have conveyed under this contract
or under any contract substituted for this contract has been conveyed
to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Exactly.
Mr. Jones. And there is in this contract a similar provision which
provides that upon the completion of the payments the residue of the
land — that is, in excess of the 200 hectares — shall be conveyed to the
vendee or his nominees ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. That being true, has not the vendee a right, under the
contract, to require that the residue of the lands shall be conveyed
by you to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think not. I should have to go to the Attorney
General before I would issue any such deed.
Mr. Jones. But you have signed a contract by which you agree
that when a certain amount of money is paid, 200 hectares shall be
conveyed to the vendee or his nominees. That money has been paid,
and the vendee has directed that that land be conveyed to his nom-
inees, not to him, and that has been done?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. That was 200 hectares?
244 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. You have not conveyed any more to him or to anybody
else, although there is precisely the same provision as to the residue
of the land that there was as to these two hectares, in respect to who
it shall be conveyed to, the vendee or his nominee ?
Mr. Sleeper. I am not a lawyer, but I would presume it meant a
legal entity in the Philippine Islands who is entitled to hold the land.
Mr. Jones. Then your idea is, I suppose, that you would convey, if
the vendee so required, the difference between the 200 hectares and
the 1,024 hectares to the Mindoro Development Co., and you would
stop there and ask him who he would nominate as the person to
whom the rest of it must be conveyed ? Is that your understanding ?
Mr. Sleeper. If that is the limit of land that they could hold under
their charter, yes.
Mr. Jones. So your understanding of this contract is that notwith-
standiug you have solemnly agreed to convey this land to the vendee
or his nominee, you would not, even if requested to do so, convey to
the Mindoro Development Co. more than 1,024 hectares. Is that
your understanding?
Mr. SixEEPER. That is my understanding of the law, that they can
hold only 2,500 acres.
Mr. Jones. That is your understanding of the law, and that is
what you would do if the vendee came to you under those circum-
stances ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. It is understood, is it not, that the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. is engaged in agriculture?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. I do not think they are.
Mr. Jones. Why would you — —
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). The law prohibits any corpora-
tion ■
Mr. Jones (interposing). Why then, would you say you would
not convey this land to them ?
Mr. Sleeper. The law prohibits any corporation from holding
more real estate than 2,500 acres.
Mr. Jones. Does the law prohibit any corporation from holding
more than 1,024 hectares of friar land?
Mr. Sleeper. Except in the amount necessary for their business,
I believe.
Mr. Jones. To what law are you referring?
Mr. Sijeeper. The act of Congress.
Mr. Jones. The act of Congress does not distinguish between pub-
lic lands and friar lands, I think.
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is section 75 of the Philippines bill.
Mr. Jones. I understand that it is held by you executive officers
of the Philippines that the 15th section of the organic act, which
limits the holdings of corporations to 1,024 hectares, does not apply
to friar lands. I understand you hold that ; do you ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is true; if there were not another section of
the law which prohibits a corporation from holding over 1,024 hec-
tares, an agricultural or mining corporation.
Mr. Jones. Yes; an agricultural or mining corporation.
Mr. Sleeper. Or any other corporation, in excess of the amount
required for its business. There is some provision of law to that
effect.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 245
Mr. Jones. Let us see what that is.
The Chairman. It is printed in the former hearing.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Sleeper, this is what section 75 says:
That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying
and selling real estate, or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such
as may be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which
it is created, and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall
by its charter be restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed one
thousand and twenty-four hectares (2,500 acres) of land.
I understand that you hold that that section applies to all friar
lands and public lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. I do not think there is any question about that.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. But you also hold that the friar lands which were pur-
chased under the sixty-third, sixty-fourth, and sixty-fifth sections
of the organic law are not subject to the limitations which are
found in section 15? I understand that to be the contention of the
Government officials of the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. If that be so, and the Mindoro Development Co. is not
engaged in agricultural pursuits, why should you not sell that com-
pany more than 1,024 hectares of the friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. That provision of law that you quote there would
prohibit it.
Mr. Jones. Why? Why would it prohibit it?
Mr. Sleeper. Unless they need it for railroad or something like
that.
Mr. Jones. Unless they needed it for some purpose of the
company ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Have you ascertained that that company would not
need any more than that amount for some purpose of the company?
Mr. Sleeper. The (juestion has not come up to me yet.
Mr. Jones. Why did you say you would not convey any more than
1,024 hectares if the question has not arisen and you do not know
how much they would need ?
Mr. Sleeper. It would be up to them to prove it to me, that they
needed that land for their business.
Mr. Jones. You now state in answer to my question that unless
they put up proof to you that they needed it you would not do it?
You said emphatically you would not convey to them any more than
1,024 hectares.
Mr. Sleeper. I would not convey it until they put it up to me. I
would refuse to do it.
Mr. Jones. You now modify your answer by saying you would
not convey to them unless they showed you they needed it for the
purposes of their business? But if they needed it for the purposes
of their business, you would convey them the whole of that land that
was contracted for by Poole ?
Mr. Sleeper. Unless their business was agriculture or mining.
Mr. Jones. So, as at present advised, you do not know whether
you would convey the residue of this land to the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. or not, because they have not yet furnished you with proof
that they need that much land?
246 ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. They have not asked for it. They have not given us
the descriptions of the land or asked for it.
Mr. Jones. Then, as a matter of fact, you do not know whether
you would have to convey the rest of that land to them or not ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. It would be a question for the legal au-
thorities, I presume. If I had any doubt on it, I would submit it to
the Attorney General.
Mr. Jones. You say you told Mr. Poole that no corporation could
hold over 1,024 hectares, did you not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Then you did not exactly mean that ?
Mr. Sleeper. Any corporation engaged in agriculture. He is an
agriculturist.
Mr. Jones. What you meant was that no corporation engaged in
agriculture could hold more than that?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. Why did you tell him that if the corporation he was
interested in was not engaged in agriculture?
Mr. Sleeper. Which corporation?
Mr. Jones. The Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Sleeper. I did not know he was engaged in any corporation at
that time when I told him that. I meant simply a corporation could
not buy, but an individual could.
Mr. Jones. Then he never said anything to you about the Mindoro
Development Co. at that time?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I did not know that until long after that.
Mr. Jones. When did you first learn about the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. That is when the second sale certificates were pre-
pared and the first ones were canceled. I think along between the 6th
and 10th of December, as nearly as I can remember now.
Mr. Jones. I desire now to ask something about the form of this
contract of sale. Is that the common form — ■'' to the vendee or nomi-
nees? "
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; that was put there at his request.
Mr. Jones. Did you ever have another contract of sale that con-
tained that term?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I never did.
Mr. Jones. It is sometimes the practice in this country to say " to
the vendee or his assignees ? "
Mr. Sleepep. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. This is a very unusual expression — " nominees ? "
Mr. Sleeper. I think that was requested by Mr. Bruce, the attor-
ney for Mr. Poole.
Mr. Jones. AVere you not struck by the fact that that was rather an
unusual request?
Mr. Sleeper. No. The matter was submitted to my law clerk
after they had drawn up the papers, and he seemed to consider it
all right.
Mr. Jones. You did not submit that specific question to him about
the term " nominees," did you ?
Mr. Sleeper. No. The entire contract was submitted to my at-
torney, who was Mr. Knight at that time. I think he made one or
two changes, probably, in the wording of it.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 247
Mr. Jones. You said in reply to a question of Mr. Garrett that
the gentleman who accompanied Mr. Poole — what was his name?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Prentiss.
Mr. Jones. You understood him to be a sort of bookkeeper or
cashier?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. Hoav did you come to the conclusion that he was a
bookkeeper or cashier?
Mr. Sleeper. I think Mr. Poole mentioned that he took care of
the finances or the books or something at one time to me.
Mr. Jones. That he had charge of the funds ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know whether he had charge of the funds
or not, but was in the office.
Mr. Jones. If he was cashier he would have charge of the funds,
would he not ?
Mr. Sleeper. Naturally he would make the payments, and so
forth, and make out the accounts.
Mr. Jones. You understood he was the man, then, who had charge
of the funds and would make the payments?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know whether Poole trusted him with his
money accounts or not. I do not know about that. I do not know
what he did about that.
Mr. Jones. I only asked because you spoke of him as cashier or
bookkeeper.
Mr. Sleeper. That is what I understood he was; that he took care
of the accounts and paid the bills, and so forth.
Mr. Jones. Paid the bills?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. Whether he had control of the money or
whether Mr. Poole, I do not know.
Mr. Jones. Do you knoAV Avhether it was Mr. Poole's money or the
Mindoro Development Co.'s money that he had charge of and whose
bills he paid ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not.
Mr. Jones. You do not know which?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. Then may it not have been true that Mr. Poole was
agent of this company to do the buying, make the bar<>ains, and so
forth, and then this gentleman, Prentiss, was the man wlio had charge
of the funds and made the payments?
Mr. Sleeper. That may be ; yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. That may have been so?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. That is all.
Mr. RucKER. I desire to ask just one question, please.
Referring again to the purchase by the Mindoro Development Co.
of the 200 hectares, that, you say, was accomplished and the deed was
made just before you left Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. That was a part of the 4,200 hectares about which or
concerning which the conversation which you have given to Mr. Mad-
ison and myself was had, where the matter of the 2,500-acre limitation
was mentioned?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. The 200 hectares were a part of the 4,200 hectares?
248 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. It is a fact, is it not, that the whole of the 4,200 hec-
tares has been paid for?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is all paid for.
Mr. EucKER. The 200 hectares of that 4,200 hectares were deeded
to the Mindoro Development Co., but no deed made to anybody else
for the balance?
Mr. Sleeper. That is correct.
Mr. RucKER. There are 4,000 hectares that are not now deeded ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. Where did you say this railroad started from and where
did it go ?
Mr. Sleeper. It starts from a bay south of the Mindoro estate and
runs up into the estate.
Mr. Davis. Into the estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. How many miles?
Mr. Sleeper. They say 12 miles. I have never been there.
Mr. Davis. Are there any branches or side roads ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know that.
Mr. Davis. About how much, if any, of it is completed, with the
track laid?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he told me 11 miles of it was completed and
that they ran trains over it.
Mr. Davis. It runs through a portion of these 4,200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper, Yes, sir; it runs into that portion. That is where its
terminus is, as I understand it.
Mr. Davis. When you deeded these 200 hectares to the Mindoro De-
velopment Co., he told you or you understood him to say that this was
for the purpose of establishing a sugar factory or plant of some kind,
and the construction of a railroad ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. Are those 200 hectares scattered all along the line of
this railway or not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. Or are they in a compact body ?
Mr. Sleeper. They include the portion on which they are to erect
their mill, and the line of railroad to the borders of the estate. I have
the plan of it here with me.
Mr.'DAvis. It is a narrow strip?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. Will you bring that plan to the next meeting of the
committee ?
Mr. Sleeper. I will bring it as soon as it arrives in Washington.
It is on the way here, or may be here now.
Mr. Davis. Do you remember how many hectares or acres are in-
cluded in that deed to the Mindoro Development Co., as designated
or intended for the establishment of the plant ?
Mr. Sleeper. Separate from the railway ?
Mr. Davis. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. No, but I think the plan will show that approxi-
mately.
Mr. Davis. About how many acres, to the best of your recollection ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the railway is a narrow strip and at the end
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 249
of it is this tract of land. I should suppose perhaps 100 hectares or
more are included in the mill site.
Mr. Davis. One hundred hectares included in the mill site?
Mr. Sleeper. Probably more than that, 120 to 130, and the balance
is along the railway line.
Mr. Davis. You are quite positive that within these 200 hectares is
the line of the railway, the whole of it, as soon as it enters upon the
estate proper, or this 4,200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. And the balance of it, perhaps the greater or major por-
tion of it, is the place where the mill is to be located ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is my understanding from the plans and from
what I have talked with the surveyors that went down there.
Mr. Davis. It is a pretty large tract for the purpose of locating a
mill, is it not, 100 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. It may include a site for a reservoir
for water. I presume it does. It is up near the river.
Mr. Davis. One hundred hectares would be how many acres?
Mr. Sleeper. Two hundred and fifty acres. It is 500 acres all
together.
Mr. Davis. I think that is all, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. Hamilton. Mr. Chairman, I want to make a suggestion, that
it is about time to take an adjournment; and the idea that is in my
mind is that it might be proper for the chairman of this committee
to appear upon the floor of the House before the House adjourns and
ask that this committee be permitted to sit during sessions of the
House, so there may be in the Record a reason for the absence of
our members on roll call. With that understanding, I move we do
now adjourn until 10 o'clock to-morrow morning.
Mr. Parsons. Just permit me one question, Mr. Chairman, before
we adjourn.
The Chairman. Go ahead.
Mr. Parsons. Where, near or on the estate, do the laborers live?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know ; I have never been there.
(The motion to adjourn was carried, and the committee thereupon,
at 4.45 o'clock p. m., adjourned until to-morrow, Wednesday, Decem-
ber 14, 1910, at 10 o'clock a. m.)
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 20
House of Representatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Wednesday^ December H^ 1910,
The committee met at 10 o'clock a. m., Hon. Marlin E. Olmsted,
chairman, presiding.
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman), Hamilton, Hubbard of Iowa, Graham of Penn-
sylvania, Parsons, Madison, Douglas, Jones, Garrett, Denver, Fornes,
and Rucker of Colorado.
TESTIMONY OF CHAELES H. SLEEPER— Continued.
The Chairman. Capt. Sleeper, have you the sale certificates now
with you?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and I find that only three were actually
issued, although I had agreed to issue two more. They were never
issued because the deed was issued in the place of one of those, and
they agreed to wait for the deed to the other one.
The Chairman. If you have copies of them, please produce them.
Mr. Sleeper. This is sale certificate No. 1, issued to Mr. E. L.
Poole, for the entire San Jose estate.
The Chairman. The stenographer will insert that in the record
at this point.
(Said sale certificate is in the words and figures following:)
Department of the Interiob,
Bureau of Lands.
Friar Lands Division.
[Cancelled Jan. 4th, 1910. C. W. R.]
San Jost estate, 1 ct i j.-^ x -^t ^
Mindoro Province.) ^^^^ certificate No. 1.
I, C. H. Sleeper, director of lands, acting for and on behalf of the govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, vendor, pursuant to authority conferred upon
me by the provisions of the friar lands act. No. 1120, hereby certify that said
government of the Philippine Islands has this twenty-third day of November,
1909, agreed to sell to E. L. Poole, vendee, a resident of the city of Manila,
Philippine Islands, or his nominees, that certain tract or parcel of land situate
in the township of Bulalacao, Province of Mindoro, known and designated as
Hacienda de San Jos^, and containing an area of 22,484 hectares, 81 ares, and
50 centares.
The official maps, and records of technical descriptions of surveys and
boundaries of said hacienda, are on record in the bureau of lands and the court
of land registration, Manila, P. I., and in the office of the register of deeds for
said province.
In consideration of this agreement by said vendor to sell, said vendee hereby
agrees to pay as the purchase price for said land, to the government of the
Philippine Islands, the sum of seven hundred and thirty-four thousand pesos
(^=734,000.00), Philippine currency, the agreed value of said land on the 4th
day of January, 1910, from which date said sale becomes effective.
Said vendee shall pay forty-two thousand eight hundred and seventy-five pesoS
(^42,875.00) on the 4th day of January, 1910, and the unpaid balance of the
purchase price, as aforesaid, shall then be paid in nineteen equal annual install-
ments of thirty-six thousand three hundred and seventy-five pesos (^36,375.00)
251
252 ADMINISTRATIOIff OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
each, on the 4th day of January of each succeeding year until the entire pur-
chase price has been paid.
Said purchase price shall bear interest at the rate of four per centum (4%)
per annum, from and including the 4th day of January, 1910; and each and
every unpaid balance thereof likewise shall bear interest at the rate of four
per centum (4%) per annum, from and including the day next succeeding the
date upon which the last preceding annual installment of said purchase price,
together with accrued interest thereon, was paid; and each of said annual in-
stallments, together with accrued interest, shall be payable to the director of
lands, at his office in the city of Manila, the right to a demand therefor being
hereby waived by said vendee.
Upon the payment of forty-two thousand eight hundred seventy-five pesos
(^42,875.00), on the 4th day of January, 1910, as aforesaid, the vendor will
convey to the vendee or his nominees, by proper instrument of conveyance, two
hundred hectares to be designated by the vendee in a single tract within the
limits of the said hacienda, and upon completion of the payment of the pur-
chase i)rice as hereinbefore stated, together with all accrued interest, said
vendor will convey the remainder of said land, by proper instrument of con-
veyance, to said vendee or his nominees.
The signing of this certificate by said vendee shall constitute an acceptance
of all of the terms and conditions hereof, and if said vendee should fail or
neglect to make any payment as herein provided, the director of lands shall
proceed to enforce said payment and the lien of said vendor, as provided in
section 17 of act No. 1120.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the bureau of lands in
the city of Manila upon the date first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands,
Approved :
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
RECEIPT FOR SALE CERTIFICATE.
City of Manila, PhiUppine Islands.
I, E. L. Poole, vendee, hereby agree to accept all terms and conditions, as
established by the director of lands, in the foregoing sale certificate, the receipt
whereof is hereby acknowledged.
E. L. Poole, Vendee,
Conditions of certificate accepted and receipt signed in the presence of —
W. H. Lawrence.
C. W. Rheberg.
The Chairman. What is the next sale certificate you have ?
Mr. Sleeper. The next is sale certificate No. 2, to Mr. E. L. Poole,
for 18,234 hectares, 81 ares, 50 centares.
The Chairman. What is the date of it?
Mr. Sleeper. January 4, 1910.
The Chairman. The stenographer will insert that certificate of
sale in the record at this point.
(Said sale certificate is in the words and figures following:)
I Bulalacao : Bandillo. Under acts Nos. 1847-193.3 amending act No. 1120. Published
12/21-22-2.3-'09. See B. L. file No. 10756. Sablayfin : Bandillo. Under acts Nos.
1847-1933 amending act No. 1120. Published 12/23-24-27-09. See B. L. file No.
10756.]
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Lands, Friar Lands Division.
San Jos6 ESTATE, 1 ^ eertificate No. 2.
Mindoro Province. J
I, C. II. Sleeper. Director of Lands, acting for and on behalf of the Govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, vendor, pursuant to authority conferred upon
me by the provisions of the friar lands act, No. 1120, hereby certify that SMid
Government of the Philippine Islands has this fourth day of January, 1910,
agree<i to sell to K. L. Poole, vendee, a resident of the city of Manila, Philippine
Islands, or his corporate or individual nominees, that certain tract or parcel of
land situate in the township of Bulalacao, Province of Mindoro, known and
designated as Hacienda de San Jose, except a tract of four thousand two hu»-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 253
dred hectares (4,200) of said hacienda, which is the subject of sale certificate
No. 3 executed by the parties hereto contemporaneously herewith, to which
reference is hereby made.
The official maps and records of technical descriptions of surveys and bound-
aries of said hacienda are on record in the Bureau of Lands and the court of
land registration, Manila, P. I., and in the office of the register of deeds for
said Province.
In consideration of this agreement by said vendor to sell, said vendee hereby
agrees to pay as the purchase price for said land, to the Government of the
Philippine Islands, the sum of five hundred ninety-six thousand nine hundred
twenty pesos (^596,920), Philippine currency, the agreed value of said land on
the fourth day of January, 1910, from which date said sale becomes effective;
and there are hereby credited upon said purchase price twenty-nine thousand
eight hundred forty-six pesos (f=29,846), receipt of which is hereby acknowl-
edged, leaving a balance unpaid on said purchase price of five hundred sixty-
seven thousand seventy-four pesos (1P567.0T4), wliich balance said vendee hereby
binds himself to pay in nineteen annual installments, to wit :
Said vendee shall pay twenty-nine thousand eight hundred forty-six pesos
(^29,846) on the fourth day of January of each succeeding year until the entire
purchase price has been paid.
Said unpaid balance of the purchase price shall bear interest at the rate of
four per centum (4%) per annum, from and including the fourth day of Janu-
ary, 1910, and each and every unpaid balance thereof likewise shall bear intei'est
at the rate of four per centum (4%) per annum, from and including the day
next succeeding the date upon which the last preceding annual installment of
said purchase price, together with accrued interest thereon, was paid; and each
of said annual installments, together with accrued interest, shall be payable to
the Director of Lands, or his duly authorized agent, at his otfice in the city of
Manila, or to the Guaranty Trust Company of New York, to the credit of the
Government of the Philippine Islands, as hereinbefore set forth, the right to a
demand therefor being hereby waived by said vendee. The vendee shall be
entitled, however, at any time to pay the balance due upon the purchase price,
with accrued interest to the date of such payment.
If, before the final conveyance of said land by the vendor, the vendee shall
transfer or assign his interest in all or any part thereof to one or more
assignees, then this agreement shall be canceled as to the part or parts so trans-
ferred or assigned and new agreements of like tenor executed by and between
the vendor and such assignees, and the balance of the purchase price then re-
maining unpaid, together with accrued interest thereon, shall be apportioned to
the vendee and his assignees, according to area.
Upon completion of the payment of the purchase price, as hereinbefore stated,
together with all accrued interest, said vendor will convey said land, by proper
instrument of conveyance, to said vendee, or his heirs or assignees.
The signing of this certificate by said vendee shall constitute an acceptance of
all of the terms and conditions hereof, and if said vendee should fail or neglect
to make any payment as herein provided, the Director of Lands shall proceed
to enforce said payment and the lien of said vendor, as provided in section 17
of act No. 1120. The vendor hereby certifies that all of the provisions of section
11 of act No. 1120, as amended, relative to the sale of vacant lands under section
9 of the same act, as amended, have been complied with.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the Bureau of Lands,
in the city of Manila, upon the date first hereinabove written.
O. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Approved :
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
receipt for sale certificate.
City of Manila, Philippine Islands.
January //, 1910.
I, E. L. Poole, vendee, hereby agree to accept all terms and conditions, as
established by the Director of Lands, in the foregoing sale certificate, the receipt
whereof is hereby acknowledged.
E. L. Poole, Vendee,
Conditions of certificate accepted, and receipt signed, in the presence of —
Edward B. Bruce.
P. A. Prentiss.
254 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. What is the next sale certificate you have ?
Mr. Sleeper. Sale certificate No. 3, issued to E. L. Poole, for 4,200
hectares, dated the 3d day of August, 1910.
The Chairman. The stenographer will insert that in the record at
this point.
(Said sale certificate is in the words and figures following:)
Department of the Interiob.
Bureau of Lands.
Friar Lands Division.
MZalrfpfoS]^-^^-^^-^ -1« -trncate No. 3.
This agreement, made in duplicate this 3rd day of August, A. D. 1910, between
C. H. Sleeper, director of lands, acting for and on behalf of the Government of
the Philippine Islands, party of the first part, and E. L. Poole, a resident of
Manila, Philippine Islands, party of the second part.
. Whereas said first party, being duly authorized by law, on the fourth day of
January, A. D. 1910, did agree to sell to said second party one certain tract of
land, forming a part and parcel of the San Jos6 de Mindoro estate and contain-
ing an area of four thousand two hundred (4,200) hectares, the boundaries and
description of which are more particularly described and set forth in sale
certificate No. 3 of said San Jos§ de Mindoro estate ; and
Whereas said second party on said fourth day of January, A. D. 1910, did
covenant and agree with said first party to purchase said tract of land as de-
scribed in said sale certificate, and to pay therefor the price as therein stipu-
lated, on the condition, however, that said second party reserved the right,
within a period of six months from the date thereof, to change the description
or substitute for the lands described in said certificate, in whole or in part,
other lands; provided, however, that the lands embraced in the amended de-
scription should contain the area of four thousand two hundred (4,200) hectares,
and should be within the boundaries of the said San Jose de Mindoro estate;
and
Whereas said second party on the second day of July, A. D. 1910, did by his
attorney request a further extension of thirty (30) days within which to pre-
pare and submit amended descriptions of said tract, which extension was
granted in writing by said first party on said second day of July, A. D. 1910:
Witnesseth, That said second party has elected and does hereby elect to
substitute for the tract as described in said certificate No. 3 the following tract,
likewise lying within the boundaries of said San Jos6 de Mindoro estate, to-wit:
Beginning at point 1, a cement monument on Lansujan Hills, which point is
identical with point 9, San Jos6 boundary, thence S. 3° 02' W. 2,417.0 m. to
point 2; S. 33° 48' E. 2,321.0 m. to point 3; S. 34° 51' W. 6,927.7 m. to point 4;
N. 18° 33' W. 8,977.2 m. to point 5 ; N. 48° 02' E. 356.3 m. to point 6 ; N. 68° 44'
E. 341.2 m. to point 7; N. 60° 03' E. 179.2 m. to point 8; N. 51° 06' E. 738.8 m.
to point 9; N. 42° 52' E. 588.6 m. to point 10; N. 60° 42' E. 498.7 m. to point 11;
N. 83° 14' E. 352.4 m. to point 12; N. 64° 30' E. 187.3 m. to point 13; N. 51° 00'
E. 216.0 m. to point 14; N. 37° 30' E. 889.6 m. to point 15; N. 75° 34' E. 707.7 m.
to point 16; N. 63° 13' E. 374.1 m. to point 17; N. 77° 34' E. 377.0 m. to point
18; S. 31° 18' B. 1,713.8 m. to point 1, point of beginning.
Containing 4,200 hectares.
Points 2, 3, and 4 are cement monuments and identical, respectively, with
points 10, 11, and 12, San Jos6 boundary ; point 4 is on Mindoro Sea, at mouth
of Tubaong River; points 5 to 18, inclusive, on bank of Bugsanga River.
It is mutually agreed by and between the parties hereto that the description
as hereinabove stated shall be and is the correct description of the trfi^t of land
sold by said first party to said second party in said sale certificate No. 3 ; that
this agreement shall be attached to and incorporated with said certificate and
shall become a part thereof, and that said certificate as herein amended shall
remain in force and effect and binding upon all parties thereto.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 255
In testimony whereof said parties have hereunto set their hands at the city
of Manila upon the date first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands,
Edw. L. Poole.
Witnesses :
C. W. Pegues,
J. L. Harrison.
Approved :
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
[Bulalacao : Bandillo. Under acts Nos. 1847-1933, amending act No. 1120. Pnblislied
12/21-22-23-'09. See B. L. File No. 10756. SablaySn : Bandillo. Under acts Nos.
1847-1933, amending act No. 1120. Published 12/23-24-27-09. See B. L. File No.
10756.]
Department of the Interior.
Bureau of Lands.
Friar Lands Division.
San Jos« Estate. I g^I^ certificate No. 3.
Mindoro Province. J
I, C. H. Sleeper, director of lands, acting for and on behalf of the Govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, vendor, pursuant to authority conferred upon
me by the provisions of the friar lands act No. 1120, hereby certify that said
Government of the Philippine Islands has this fourth day of January, 1910,
agreed to sell to E. L. Poole, vendee, a resident of Manila, Philippine Islands,
or his corporate or individual nominees, that certain tract or parcel of land
situate in the township of Bulalacao, Province of Mindoro, containing an area
of four thousand two hundred (4,200) hectares of land known as hacienda
de San Jose, bounded and described as follows:
Beginning at a point on the right bank of the Tabaong River at the intersec-
tion of the high water mark of the river with the high water mark of the sea,
which point is marked by a concrete monument inscribed H.S.J./12 and wit-
nessed by (1) a baliti tree 4 feet in diameter marked B.T.,H.S.J. 12, bearing
S. 77° 14' E. 52 meters, (2) right end of Ilin Island bearing S. 0° 40' W., (3)
right end of Ampulang Island bearing S. 12° 13' W., and (4) south bank of
mouth of Bugsanga River bearing approximately N. 42° 30' E. 9,600 meters;
thence N. 34° 51' 39" E. 3,440 meters along boundary; thence approximately
N. 10° 45' W. 8,230 meters to point on south bank of Bugsanga River opposite
northeast corner of island in river; thence along south bank of Bugsanga
River approximately S. 62° 00' W. 7,880 meters to south bank at the mouth of
the river ; thence approximately S. 42° 30' E. 9,600 meters, following coast line
to point of beginning.
The area of the tract is approximately 4,200 hectares.
It is understood and agreed that the foregoing description is provisional, and
shall be altered, if necessary, to conform to the wishes of the vendee, who shall
be entitled, at any time within six months of the date of this instrument, to
change the description, or to substitute for the land above described, in whole or
in part, other lands; provided, however, that the lands embraced in the amended
description shall contain the area of four thousand two hundred (4,200) hec-
tares, and shall be within the boundaries of the said hacienda de San Jos^.
In consideration of this agreement to sell, the said vendee has paid, as the
purchase price for said land, to the Government of the Philippine Islands the
sum of one hundred and thirty-seven thousand and eighty pesos (^137,080.0JV)
Philippine currency, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged by the
vendor. Upon notification of the vendee to the vendor, within six months of
the date of these presents, of the final and corrected description oft»the lands
herein agreed to be sold, the said vendor will convey the said lands by proper
instrument of conveyance to the said vendee or his heirs or assignees.
The vendor hereby certifies that all of the provisions of section 11 of act No.
1120, as amended, relative to the sale of vacant lands under section 9 of the
same act, as amended, have been complied with.
256 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the bureau of lands
In the city of Manila upon the date first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands,
Approved :
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
RECEIPT for sale CERTIFICATE.
City of Manila, Philippine Islands,
January //, 1910,
I, E. L. Poole, vendee, hereby agree to accept all terms and conditions, as
established by the director of lands, in the foregoing sale certificate, the receipt
whereof is hereby acknowledged.
E. L. Poole.
Vendee.
Conditions of certificate accepted and receipt signed in the presence of —
Edward B. Bruce,
P. A. Prentiss.
The Chairman. Do we understand, from what you have already
said, that Nos. 2 and 3 took the place of No. 1 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; No. 1 is canceled and is so marked.
The Chairman. Are there other sale certificates ?
Mr. Sleeper. No more. I agreed to make two more sale certifi-
cates, splitting up the 4,200 hectare tract if they asked for it, but
they never asked for them, inasmuch as they had a survey made of
the tract of land which was to be transferred to the Mindoro De-
velopment Co., and the deed was made to that tract, and I have a
copy of that deed here.
The Chairman. That is a deed to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Let the stenographer have that, to be inserted in
the record at this point.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Is that the original deed or just a copy of it?
Mr. Sleeper. This is the original deed. It was made in duplicate.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I have a copy of it ; not here, though.
(Said deed is in the words and figures following:)
The Government of the Philippine Islands — Department of the Interior —
Bureau of Lands.
DEED to friar LANDS NO. 2.
Know an men by these presents, tliat tlie Mindoro Development Company, a
corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New Jersey
and duly authorized to transact business in the Philippine Islands, having fully
complied with all the provisions of law in the premises, and having paid six
thousand five hundred thirty-one pesos (1*6,531.00) for those certain tracts of
land situate in the municipality of San Jose, Province of Mindoro, Philippine
Islands, containing an area of 200 H. 10 A. 21 C, a part of the San Jose friar
lands estate, and more particularly described as follows:
Parcel 1.
Beginning at point marked 7 on plan, a cement monument which is identical
with point 9 of the San Jose estate boundary, thence S. 3° 2' W. TOO m. to point
8* N. 77° 40' W. 699.2 m. to point 9; S. 41° 55' W. 1,235.3 m. to point 10; S. 14°
6' B 5,025.6 m. to point 11 ; S. 10° 49' E. 31.8 m. to point 12 ; S. 7° 36' E. 31.3 m.
to point 13 ; S. 4° 45' E. 31.3 m. to point 14 ; S. 5° 8' E. 9.6 m. to point 15 ; S. 34°
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 257
52' W. 53.1 m. to point 16; N. 8' W. 21.8 m. to point 17; N. 1° 41' W. 29.7 m. to
point 18; N. 4° 44' W. 29.8 m. to point 19; N. 7° 35' W. 29.7 m. to point 20; N.
10° 45' W. 29.2 m. to point 21; N. 14° 6' W. 5,025.5 m. to point 1 ; N. 14° 9' W.
1,403.3 m. to point 2 ; N. 46° 7' E. 920.5 m. to point 3 ; S. 26° 8' E. 468.7 m. to
point 4; S. 48° 19' E. 156.7 m. to point 5; S. 59° 8' E. 370.4 m. to point 6; N.
72° 33' E. 642.5 m. to point 7, point of beginning.
Containing 1,860,691 square meters.
Points 1 and 2 are monuments; point 8, stake.
Parcel 2.
Beginning at point marlied 1 on plan, which is identical with point 1 of above-
described property, thence N. 14° 9' W. 1,403.3 m. to point 2; S. 75° 51' W. 100
m. to point 3; S. 14° 9' E. 1,403.3 m. to point 4 ; N. 75° 51' E. 100 m. to point 1,
point of beginning,
Containing 140,330 square meters,
Points 1 and 2 are monuments.
Bearings true. Variation 1° 15' E.,
of which land the government of the Philippine Islands is the registered owner
in accordance with the provisions of the land registration act, title thereto being
evidenced by certificate No. 3 of the land records of said province of Mindoro :
Now, therefore, in pursuance of authority vested in me by act No. 1705 of
the Philippine Commission, I, Charles H. Sleeper, Director of Lands, for and on
behalf of the government of the Philippine Islands, do hereby grant and convey
unto said the Mindoro Development Company, its successors and assigns, the
said property as above described, together with the buildings and improvements
thereon and appurtenances thereunto of right belonging; upon the condition,
nevertheless, that the said property shall be, and is, subject to any and all
public easements and servitudes recognized and prescribed by law, and espe-
cially those mentioned in sections nineteen and twenty of act Numbered Eleven
hundred and twenty, known as the friar land act.
In witness whereof, and by authority of the government of the Philippine
Islands, I hereunto aliix my signature, in the city of Manila, Philippine Islands,
on this 7th day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred
and ten.
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Signed in the presence of —
Thomas L. Hardy.
s. o. scudder.
United States of America,
Philipinne Islands, City of Manila, ss:
On this 7th day of November, 1910, personally appeared before me, Charles H.
Sleeper, Director of Lands, known to me to be the person who executed the
foregoing instrument, and who acknowledged that the same is his free act and
deed. Further, he exhibited to me his certificate of registration, same being
No. F-3, issued at Manila, and dated January 3, 1910.
Given under my hand and seal of office upon the date and at the place
aforesaid.
Edward B. Bruce, Notary Public for Manila.
My commission expires Dec. 31, 1910.
Approved this 7th day of November, 1910.
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior,
Mr. Sleeper. Accompanying that are plans of the 4,200-hectare
tract,* and also of the smaller tract transferred to the Mindoro De-
velopment Co.
The Chairman. I suppose we can hardly pvit them m Uie record.
You may leave them, if you will, for inspection of the members of
the committee. . . -.i ,,
Are there any other documents or records in connection with the
sale to the Mindoro Development Co. of the San Jose estate?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
258 ADMINISTRATION" OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. You said yesterday you had seen checks of the
Mindoro Development Co.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You thought, but were not entirely certain, the
checks paid to you or that you received for part payment of the San
Jose estate were the checks of Mr. Poole ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is my recollection of it ; yeSj sir.
The Chairman. Can you be absolutely certain it was not the check
of the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I can not.
The Chairman. You state there was something peculiar about the
check of the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; not peculiar, but to me interesting, as I did not
know anything about the company, and saw such a check somewhere.
I do not recollect where ; it might have been in the treasury bureau, or
might have been in some bank.
The Chairman. We understand you to say, then, that you do not
know whether it was a check of Mr. Poole or the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not know. That fact can be ascertained,
I think, by cabling to the treasury department, which handled the
check.
The Chairman. Will you ascertain and give us the information ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. In what department would the certificate of the
Mindoro Development Co. be filed ?
Mr. Sleeper. The incorporation ?
The Chairman. Yes ; whatever certificates are required to be filed
there in order to enable it to do business in the Philippines.
Mr. Sleeper. In the division of the executive bureau.
The Chairman. Is that or not in your charge ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; it is not.
The Chairman. Have you or can you get a copy of whatever cer-
tificate they filed there ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I have not a copy of that.
The Chairman. What was the total price paid or to be paid for
the San Jose estate, which was sold to Mr. Poole or his nominee?
Mr. Sleeper. $367,000.
The Chairman. Do you know what the Philippine Government
paid for that estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Originally?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. How much ?
Mr. Sleeper. $298,782.07.
The Chairman. Is that dollars or pesos?
Mr. Sleeper. Dollars.
The Chairman. You referred to an opinion of a law clerk in your
office with reference to the legality of the sale of more than 16 hec-
tares to one individual.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Have you that opinion or a copy of it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. It is contained in the report of the Secre-
tary of the Interior to the governor of the islands.
ADMINISTBATIOH OF PHlLIPPIKE LANDS. 259
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that opinion that you can
hand to the stenographer at this point ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not with me. I have it in my office.
The Chairman. Have you anything there from which the stenog-
rapher could copy it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Will you hand that to the stenographer?
Mr. Sleeper. It is in this pamphlet here.
The Chairman. What pamphlet ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Worcester's report.
The Chairman. We have no pamphlet oiRcially before us.
Mr. Sleeper. It is on pages 149, 150, and 151 of Mr. Worcester's
report, a copy of which I will hand to the stenographer.
The Chairman. Mr. Stenographer, you will see that that goes
into the record at this point.
(Said " Opinion of the law officer of the Bureau of Lands " is in
the words and figures following, to wit:)
Exhibit C.
Opinion of the law officer of the Bureau of Lands on the question whether the
Director of Lands has authority to sell to an individual, or an individual to
purchase from the Government, vacant and unoccupied lands, constituting a
portion of the friar-lands purchase, without restriction as to area.
Sir: Pursuant to your verbal instructions I liave the honor to submit the
following opinion :
QUESTION.
Has the Director of Lands authority to sell to an individual, or an individual
to purchase from the Government, vacant and unoccupied lands, constituting a
portion of the " friar-lands" purchase, without a restriction as to area?
For the determination of this question it is first necessary to determine
whether the so-called friar lands are *' public lands " within the meaning of the
public-land act, and so subject to the restriction that not more than 16 hectares
of unoccupied and unreserved public land can be acquired by purchase from the
Government by an individual.
Section 10 of the public-land act, referring to sales of the public domain,
restricts the operation of the public-land act, as regulating sales of the public
domain, to " unoccupied, unappropriated, and unreserved, nonmineral, agricul-
tural public land, as defined in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902."
The definition referred to, contained in the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, is
found in section 12 thereof as follows :
"All property and rights which may have been acquired in the Philippine
Islands by the United States, under the treaty of peace with Spain signed
December 10, 1898, except such land or other property as shall be designated
by the President of the United States for military and other reservations of the
Government of the United States, are hereby placed under the control of the
Government of said islands, to be administered for the benefit of the inhabitants
thereof, except as provided in this act."
At the date of the signing of the treaty of Paris, the so-called friar lands were
of private ownership, and the Government acquired no property or rights in
them (except those of eminent domain, which it exercises over all property of
private ownership). Subsequently the Government, under special authority of
Congress, acquired these lands by purchase from their then owners, and, except
for any restrictions imposed by Congress or by legislation subsequently enacted
by the Philippine Commission or the legislature, it is as free to dispose of them
as would be any private purchaser from the former owners.
260 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The restrictions imposed by Congress in this respect are contained in section
65 of said act of July 1, 1902, and are as follows :
" Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall con-
stitute a part and portion of the public property of the Government of the
Philippine Islands, and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily
for a period not exceeding three years after their acquisition by said Govern-
ment on such terms and conditions as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations
and conditions provided for in this act: Provided, That all deferred payments
and the interest thereon shall be payable in the money prescribed for the pay-
ment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized to be issued in payment
of said lands by the preceding section, and said deferred payments shall bear
interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All moneys realized or received from
sale or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall constitute a
trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said bonds, and also con-
stitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their maturity. Actual
settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the Government
shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their
holdings within such reasonable time as may be determined by said Gov-
ernment."
Section 65 of the Philippine act, just quoted, expressly authorizes the sale of
these lands, subject only to the limitations imposed in the act itself, with the
proviso that actual settlers and occupants at the time of purchase shall have
the prior right to lease and purchase. This proviso has no application in the
present case, as the lands under discussion are unoccupied and vacant and
were so at the time of the purchase.
An examination of the Philippine act of July 1, 1902, fails to disclose any
restriction ns to the amount of vacant friar lands that may be sold to or ac-
quired by an individual, and there is none in existing legislation.
The existing prohibition against a corporation engaged in agriculture owning
or controlling more than 1,024 hectares of land is not to be extended by impli-
cation to include an individual or even a voluntary association of individuals;
it is a piece of what is popularly known as ''antitrust" or '* anticorporation "
legislation, and numerous reasons can be assigned as to why the legislature saw
fit to make the prohibition as to corporations and not as to individuals.
It is true that in section 9 of the friar-lands act. No. 1120, the Director of
Lands was directed to proceed in the sale or leasing of vacant friar lands " as
provided in Chapter II of the public-land act," but this unquestionably referred
to method to be followed and the steps to be taken in such leasing or selling
and not to the restrictions that limited an individual purchaser to 16 hectares.
If there were any doubt on this latter point it is of no importance now, as
this provision of section 9 of act No. 1120 was repealed by act No. 1847.
I am of the opinion that the Director of Lands may sell and an individual
purchaser may acquire vacant and unoccupied friar lands without any restric-
tion as to area.
Very respectfully, Lours C. Knight,
Attorney, Bureau of Lands,
The Director of Lands,
Manila, P. I,
Certified as correct copy :
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
The Chairman. You testified yesterday that you were anxious to
sell this estate and other friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Why were you anxious?
Mr. Sleeper. We were paying interest on the bonds and some ad-
ministration charges, and I was anxious to sell the estate and get rid
of that burden on the Government there.
The Chairman. By getting rid of the burden, you mean the bur-
den of administration, or burden of the bonds ?
Mr. SLEEPEfe. The burden of cost to the Government.
The Chairman. Meaning you were anxious to sell them so you
could pay off the bonds?
ADMIJSriSTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 261
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; so as to get an income sufficient to pay off
the bonds eventually.
Mr. FoRNES. You claim that this San Jose estate, which you speak
of, stood the Government at $298,000, and you obtained $367,000
for it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. FoRNES. That, I presume, was $298,000, with the cost and
interest added to it? Would that figure out about that way?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; the cost of administration, survey, and all
expenses.
Mr. FoRNES. Interest at what rate?
Mr. Sleeper. Four per cent.
The Chairman. I wish to take up another branch of the matter;
at least another feature.
On the report or letter of the Secretary of War, dated June 10,
1910, addressed to the Speaker of the House, in response to resolu-
tion of the House — House Document No. 963 — I find on page 5, under
the head of " Friar lands leases since July 1, 1902," this item :
" E. B. Bruce, special, Isabela estate, 160 parcels ; total area, 19,488
hectares ; annual rent, $200."
Will you tell us about that?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. The Isabela estate is a large estate lying
in the center
The Chairman (interposing). Before you go on to that, let me ask
where is the San Jose estate? How far is it from Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. It is on the southwest end of the Island of Mindoro.
I will have to refer to the prospectuses, which give the distance.
Mr. Garrett. This prospectus which I have here says it is 165
nautical miles from Manila.
The Chairman. Can you tell us about how long it would take a
person to travel from Manila to that island?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it takes about 24 hours to go down there,
ordinarily.
The Chairman. Can you tell us to what extent the island is in-
habited? You have already stated the San Jose estate to be unin-
habited and untenanted. Can you tell us to what extent the island
is inhabited?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I can not tell you, but it is published in
the census. I do not remember the exact number.
The Chairman. We will get it from another source.
Tell us now about the Isabela estate lease to " E. B. Bruce, special."
Mr. Sleeper. The Isabela estate is located in the Province of
Isabela, which is about the center of the Island of Luzon, the north
end of it, 110 miles from the seacoast up the Cagayan River. This
estate consisted of 4,972^ acres and cost the Government $159,858.01.
The Chairman. The lease did not cover the entire estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. The estate was practically unoccupied with
the exception of a few families, who had been induced to go on there
by the friars, who formerly controlled it and occupied a certain
portion of the estate, a very small portion.
The Chairman. What income, if any, was ever derived from this
estate, or at least from the portion of it which was leased, prior to
and at the time of the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. A very small income; less thait $500 a year,
262 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS,
The Chairman. For the whole estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that lease which was made
with Mr. Bruce ?
Mr. Sleeper. There is a copy of it on pages 160 and 161 of the
report of Mr. Worcester, to which I have already referred.
The Chairman. Is that a correct copy?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; certified.
The Chairman. Mr. Stenographer, you will see that a copy of that
lease is inserted in the record at this point.
(Said lease is in the words and figures following, to wit:)
Exhibit F.
Copy of the lease of the Isatela estate to Edward B. Bruce,
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Lands,
Friar Lands Division.
ISABELA Estate, Isa'bela Province:
SPECIAL LEASE NO. 1.
This memorandum of agreement made at Manila, PhiUppine Islands, this
6th day of January, A. D. 1910, between 0. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands of the
Philippine Islands, acting for and on behalf of the Government of the Philip-
pine Islands, party of the first part, and Edward B. Bruce, of Manila, party of
the second part:
Witnesseth : That for and in consideration of the sum of two hundred pesos
(f^200.00) in hand paid by said second party to said first party, receipt whereof
is hereby aclmowledged, and of the covenants and agreements hereinafter men-
tioned to be kept and performed by said second party, said first party has de-
mised and leased to said second party those certain parcels or tracts of land,
situated within and forming a part of the Isabela friar lands estate, in the
Province of Isabela, Island of Luzon, Philippine Islands, according to the plats
of the oflicial surveys of said estate now on file and of record in the office of
the Bureau of Lands at Manila, to wit:
Lots numbered 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 15, 16, 24, 26, 28, 30, 31, 41, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 52,
53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 86, 101, 102, 103, 104,
308, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129.
330, 331, 332, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 338, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 344, 145, 146,
147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163,
164, 165, 166, 367, 169, 173, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186,
387, 388, 389, 390, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 206, 207, 208,
209, 216, 222, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, and 255, and
containing on area of 39,448 hectares 35 ares and 44 cen tares, more or less.
To have and to hold the said parcels or tracts with the appurtenances there-
unto of right belonging unto the said second party, for a term of one (1) year,
dating from the 1st day of January, A. D. 1910, until the 31st day of December,
A. D. 1910, both dates inclusive.
(1) It is mutually covenanted and agreed by and between the parties hereto,
that if, on or before the expiration of said term of one (1) year, said second
party shall elect to purchase the premises herein leased, said first party on be-
half of the Government of the Philippine Islands will sell and convey by good
and sufficient deed the absolute title in and to said premises ; and the execution
and delivery of said deed of conveyance from the Government of the Philippine
Islands to said second party shall be effected in accordance with the pro-
visions of the friar lands act as amended : Provided, however, That this option
to purchase shall terminate upon the 31st day of December, 1910, the date of
expiration of this agreement.
(2) It is further agreed that the consideration for said sale and conveyance
of the premises herein leased, should said second party elect to purchase same,
shall be the sum of four hundred twenty-two thousand five hundred pesos
(1P422,500.00), currency of the Philippine Islands, together with interest thereon
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 263
at the rate of four per centum (4%) per annum from and including the 1st
day of January, 1910; and the payment of said purchase price or installments
thereof, together with all interests accruing thereon, shall be made in accordance
with the provisions of said friar lands act as amended.
(3) It is further agreed that said second party, at his sole expense, shall
cause an immediate examination of said premises to be made by a competent
soil and agricultural expert, for the purpose of determining the quality of the
soil and such other conditions, circumstances, and considerations as may affect
the value of said premises for agricultural purposes and shall cause a true
report to be prepared of the result of said examination and investigation ; and
should said second party fail to exercise his option to purchase as herein
granted, he will deliver to said first party upon the date of the expiration of
this agreement, free of all expense or charge, the said report, together with all
statistics and data prepared and submitted by said soil and agricultural expert
in the course of his examination of said premises.
And said first party hereby certifies that all of the provisions of section 11
of act No. 1120, as amended, relative to the leasing of vacant lands under sec-
tion 9 of said act, as amended, have been complied with. This lease and the
option to purchase herein granted may be assigned by said second party.
In testimony whereof the said parties have hereunto set their hands at the
place and upon the date first hereinabove written.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands, Party of the First Part.
Edward B. Bruce,
Party of the Second Part,
Witnesses :
C. D. Behrens.
C. W. Rheberg.
Approved this 21st day of January, A. D. 1910.
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior,
Certified copy:
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
The Chairman. Why is that denominated " special ? "
Mr. Sleeper. Because it is not an ordinary friar-lands lease under
the ordinary conditions.
In the latter part of 1909 I was looking around for somebody to
take up this land, which we thought was very good tobacco land.
I had previously made a visit to the estate and gone over it, and
found a few occupants who had agreed to purchase, and one end
of the estate, a corner of it, was occupied by some wild people. The
balance of the estate was entirely unoccupied land, but it seemed to
me to be of good quality, and I had been inquiring around to see
if I could get a customer. Mr. Bruce, or Mr. Lawrence primarily,
of the firm of Bruce & Lawrence, spoke to me about getting some
tobacco land somewhere. I told him of this estate, and he came down
and said that he thought he could get a few fellows over at Manila
who would go into that, to see if they could not do something with it.
They asked me on what terms we would give them the lease. I ad-
vised them we would give them the best terms possible, as the estate
was bringing a very small income and was unoccupied, and we
desired to get it cultivated if possible and occupied.
About that time Mr. Lawrence went away and Mr. Bruce, his
partner, took the question up again, and we finally agreed to the form
of lease, which was made after consultation with the secretary of the
interior.
264 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The lease is for a nominal sum, was to last for the calendar year,
and the main feature of the lease was to get the land examined and
see what it was good for, and give them an option, so they could pur-
chase after examination, if they concluded that it was worth their
while. The government would have the benefit of whatever inves-
tigation they made, and it was informally agreed they were to hire
a good man, and they did hire a good man, and they estimated the
expense at ^12,000. That lease will terminate at the end of this year.
The Chairman. Was there any provision in it for continuance at
the option of Mr. Bruce ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
The Chairman. It expires absolutely ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is an option to purchase, which expires, and then
we get the benefit of their investigation.
The Chairman. Has that option been accepted by Mr. Bruce ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; not yet.
The Chairman. Has he in any way indicated his intention in rela-
tion to that lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; he has not. I have talked with him about the
subject, and he said his investigator had reported it was not such
good tobacco land ; that only a small part of it was good tobacco land ;
that he was not ready to say whether they were going to take up the
option or not.
The Chairman. The option is to purchase for ^422,500?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Do you know what that land originally cost the
Philippine government ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. I mean that portion of the estate which you cov-
ered in this lease.
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to calculate that from the land already
sold ; but this is the actual price of the land that they were going to
purchase — the cost plus all charges against it at the date of purchase.
The Chairman. And with interest?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; with interest.
The Chairman. In other words, while the cost may have varied,
the principle of computation of sale price is the same as that in the
case of the San Jose estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Was any portion of this Isabela estate under lease
at the time this lease was made to Mr. Bruce?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. What was the annual rental paid by the other
tenant or tenants ?
Mr. Sleeper. There were 93 other occupants on this estate. They
were holding 59 hectares and 48 ares, and the annual contracted rents
were $100 a year. Subsequently these lessees purchased their land,
and everyone on the estate except the Bruce estate have purchased
their homes.
The Chairman. Did they purchase on the same terms and condi-
tions as those expressed in the Bruce lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; except that their periods of payment were
less ; in fact, we had collected so much rent from some of them that
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 265
they did not have to pay anything more, and we are ready now to issue
them deeds for their property.
The Chairman. What do you say as to the rent which is provided
in this lease to be paid by Mr. Bruce for the one year as compared
with rentals paid by the other tenants of the Isabela estate? Is it
higher or lower or the same ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is very much lower. It was merely a nominal rent.
The rent was not the consideration.
The Chairman. Why was a lower rent given to Mr. Bruce than to
the other tenants ?
Mr. Sleeper. Because he had to go to much expense, while the other
tenants were not to any expense. They were raising crops.
The Chairman. Did not they have to go to expense before they got
their ground in condition to raise crops?
Mr. Sleeper. It was in condition when they went on it.
The Chairman. When they bought it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. What amount, if you know, did Mr. Bruce have to
spend, or did he expend, on this estate?
Mr. Sleeper. The estimated amount was $6,000 gold for the ex-
pense of that expert from the United States to the estate and his
examinations of the land and report.
The Chairman. And he has had the expert there?
Mr. Sleeper. The expert has been on the ground and I believe has
left there, but I have not seen his report yet.
The Chairman. Have any crops been grown on this Bruce lease-
hold during this year ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; not that I know of.
The Chairman. It is not under cultivation yet?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
The Chairman. Where does Mr. Bruce live?
Mr. Sleeper. Manila.
The Chairman. Whom does he represent in the lease besides him-
self, if anybody, so far as you know?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Olsen, of W. E. Olsen & Co. ; Mr. Lawrence, his
law partner; Mr. Lowenstein, of Castle Bros., Wolf & Sons. Those
are the onty names that he mentioned to me.
The Chairman. These are all the questions I care to ask upon this
branch of the case. Do the other members of the committee desire
to ask anything further?
Mr. EucKER. What is the character of crops raised by these 93 oc-
cupants of whom you speak ?
Mr. Sleeper. Tobacco and corn. That is what I saw on the estate —
tobacco and corn.
Mr. RiJCKER. You say Mr. Olsen and Mr. Lawrence and Mr. Low-
enstein are the only ones mentioned by Mr. Bruce?
Mr. Sleeper. Those are the only ones.
Mr. RiJCKER. That were his associates in this lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. RiJCKER. They were the ones to whom you referred a while
ago as being the parties that he thought lived in Manila that he
could get associated with him ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 21
266 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Have you any map of this estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. I do not have it here, but I have a map.
Mr. Parsons. I ask that the map be produced for the inspection
of the committee.
(See prospectus Isabela estate.)
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Has the purchase price for this estate been paid ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. None of it?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; except for those few parcels that the natives
purchased themselves.
Mr. Garrett. How far is this estate from Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is 110 miles from Aparri to the estate, and I think
if they go overland direct it would be 250 miles from Manila.
Mr. Garrett. What are the means of transportation ?
Mr. Sleeper. The means of transportation from Manila are by
sea to Aparri, and then up the river from Aparri to the estate.
Mr. Garrett. What river is Aparri at the mouth of?
Mr. Sleeper. The Cagayan River.
Mr. Garrett. How long a trip is it by the river ?
Mr. Sleeper. In the dry season it is about five days. In the sea-
son when the steamers can run they go up in a day or a day and a
half. It took me two days when the water was fairly high. The
river overflows, and then the large steamers ascend the river up to
Iligan, and from there on only the small boats can go up to the estate.
Mr. Garrett. What do they grow on the lands near the estate?
Mr. Sleeper. There is one hacienda which adjoins the estate on
which they grow tobacco. Otherwise the estate is bound by land
practically uncultivated — probably public land, mostly.
Mr. Garrett. What is grown in that locality in that valley ?
Mr. Sleeper. Tobacco and corn.
Mr. Garrett. Anything else?
Mr. Sleeper. Those are the principal crops.
Mr. Fornes. Do you have to make but one change of boats in
getting there ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; you have to make two changes or else go horse-
back.
Mr. Fornes. Two changes, then ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. You go up by steamer part of the way ?
Mr. Sleeper. You go by coast steamer to Aparri or perhaps up
the river 2 or 3 miles to the port of Lalloo. Then you change
to river steamer and go as far as Ilagan, and a part of the best sea-
son perhaps higher, and then you have to change to a small boat
worked by hand or a small launch or go horseback overland.
Mr. Garrett. What towns or barrios are there in the vicinity?
Mr. Sleeper. The principal town is Cauayan, on the river. This
estate is on the Magat Eiver, which is the main branch of the Caga-
yon River, but Cauayan is on the other river, the main town, some
3 or 4 miles from the estate.
Mr. Garrett. How large a town is that?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. The town of Rein a Mecedos is also
down the river some distance from the boundary of the estate.
Mr. Garrett. How far is that?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 267
Mr. Sleeper. That is a small town. I do not know; I did not go
there. I think the boundary of the town or the outskirts are ad-
jacent to the boundary of the estate, although the estate is not in the
town of Reina Mecedes.
Mr. Jones. You stated that none of the purchase money for this
estate had been paid, I believe?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Is any of it due according to the terms of the contract
of sale?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. When will the first payment be due ?
Mr. Sleeper. The first payment on account of sales will be due at
the close of this option, which is the 31st day of this month.
Mr. Jones. The 31st day of this month ?
Mr. Sleeper. The 31st day of December, 1910. That is the date
of the expiration of this agreement.
Mr. Jones. Then there will be one cash payment due?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Cliairman. What is the business or occupation of Mr. Bruce?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Bruce is an attorney.
Mr. Garrett. A^Tiat do you mean by " town ? " You say there is a
town on the other river, and then there is a town the boundary lines
of which touch those of this estate.
Mr. Sleeper. It is a small settlement, with a few houses there. I
presume it is a barrio of some larger town.
Mr. Garrett. AVhat is the legal definition of " town ? " Is it a
township, or what? What does it correspond to with us?
Mr. Sleeper. The divisions up there are municipalities and bar-
rios. The barrios, or a good many of them, were originally towns,
and we still call them towns — small villages.
Mr. Garrett. How large an area does a municipality cover ? Does
that correspond to a county with us?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; it corresponds to a county.
Mr. Garrett. Then a barrio w^ould be a township within a county ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. The next estate that comes under consideration is
the Tala estate, and the lease of Mr. Carpenter is referred to on page
9 of the Keport of the Secretary of War, dated June 10, 1910. I find
this printed there :
Carpenter, F. W. (special), Tala, 197 parcels, 2,067 hectares.
Mr. Jones, I will ask you if you will examine the witness in refer-
ence to that.
Mr. Jones. What page is that, Mr. Chairman?
The Chairman. It is in this little pamphlet here, entitled " Letter
from the Secretary of War," at page 9. That merely gives what I
have read, that there was a lease to " Carpenter, F. W. (special), 197
parcels," aggregating 2,0G7 hectares and a fraction.
Mr. Sleeper. What page is that?
The Chairman. It is page 9 of this little pamphlet. The lease
itself, I find, is printed on page 102 of the report of Mr. Worcester,
to which we have been referring.
Mr. Jones. Please state what this case covers, to whom tho sale
was made, and so forth, in a general way.
268 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. The lease of the Tala estate was another special
lease made for the purpose of securing the occupation, or at least the
cultivation, of lands which had been long uncultivated and unoc-
cupied at that time. I had been looking around for somebody to
go out on this estate, which is adjacent to Manila and contains 16,740
acres, of which perhaps 20 per cent was occupied, to see if I could
not get somebody who would take it up and cultivate it or do some-
thing with it so we could get some revenue. Mr. Carpenter inci-
dentally mentioned to me one day at lunch that he thought he could
do some farming in the Philippine Islands ; that he had an idea the
Americans who had tried to farm there and failed did not know how
to work it and did not know how to do it. I asked him why he did
not take some of these friar lands. He interested himself from that
time on, and I finally sent my assistant out there with him to look
over this estate. On his return he said that he thought he could
take a small portion of that estate and cultivate it, if he could find
somebody who would go in with him. He wanted to know the terms,
and I told him we would make the best possible terms, as the price
was not so much important as the fact of getting it under cultiva-
tion or occupied, so that at some time we would derive some revenue.
The natives had been approached and refused to do anything, and
only a very few of them had leases, and in fact the estate was unoc-
cupied. It was in a territory that was very difficult to get to. It
was either walk or horseback from Manila during nearly all of the
year. Although it was within 9 miles of Manila, the roads were
very, very bad and had been bad for years. The country had
formerly been infested by cattle thieves and robbers and others ever
since the Spanish times, and the people were afraid to go on the
estate. We finally agreed on this form of lease, after Mr. Carpenter
had obtained the authority necessary to allow him to enter into a
private business, it being considered a fair contract for the Govern-
ment and Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Jones. You say, " after Mr. Carpenter had obtained the au-
thority necessary to permit him to go into private business." What
do you mean by that ?
Mr. Sleeper. I mean that no employee of the civil Government of
the Philippine Islands can enter into any private business without
first obtaining the authority of the secretary of his department or
of the Governor General.
Mr. Jones. Is that a statute of the Philippine Government?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is an executive order.
Mr. Jones. You said this land was located about 9 miles from
Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Is it across the bay from Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; it is a little east of north.
Mr. Jones. Not in Cavite Province?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; it is in Eizal Province.
Mr. Jones. In Rizal Province?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. The amount of the land contracted for by Mr. Car-
penter was less than 1,024 hectares? I think you said it was 1,600
acres, did you not?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 269
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I did not. I do not think I said how much
it was.
Mr. Jones. How much, then, was it ?
Mr. Sleeper. Originally I think it was intended that Mr, Car-
penter would have to take, under his contract, I think, some 6,000
hectares, or between 12,000 and 14,000 acres.
Mr. Jones. I do not understand. You said he would have to take
6,000 acres, and now you say between 12,000 and 14,000 acres.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; 6,000 hectares. I had estimated the unoccu-
pied land on the estate, but as time went on it Avas reduced, so I
think the original contract we entered into did not call for more
than about 5,000 acres. That information I do not exactly recollect,
because we were working then, not on actual surveys, but on surveys
made by the use of the plaiiimeter. We knew the boundaries of those
parcels and had not computed the areas of the various parcels on
the estate.
Mr. Jones. As an individual, he was not prohibited from having
more than 2,500 acres of land ?
Mr. Sleeper- At the time he made this original agreement — there
is a clause in it which provides he may purchase, if the legislature
passes the amendment to the friar-land act which was pending at the
time this lease was under consideration.
Mr. Jones. I understand that. I will ask about that fifth clause
in the contract presently.
According to your construction of the law, there was no objection
to him, as an individual, purchasing more than 1,024 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. I will ask you about that section 5 now. Does any other
contract of sale or lease ever made by your department contain any
such provision as that ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; because there was no such occasion for it.
Mr. Jones. That, then, is an exceptional provision ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. The people were not so anxious to get this
land as might appear, in large tracts, because it necessitated a large
amount of money to cultivate it.
Mr. Jones. Is not the land within 9 or 10 miles of Manila valuable
land for agricultural purposes?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; not in this direction.
Mr. Jones. Is it hilly or mountainous?
Mr. Sleeper. It is very hilly, very poor land, according to my
judgment — clay and X^ery little soil.
Mr. Jones. What is the average price Mr. Carpenter w^as to pay
for it per hectare or acre ?
Mr. Sleeper. Under the lease ?
Mr. Jones. No ; I mean in the event he concluded to buy.
Mr. Sleeper. At that time we did not know. He was to pay the
actual cost plus the charges, the same as anybody else.
Mr. Jones. That was the minimum amount for which it could be
sold?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Has he exercised his option ?
Mr. Sleeper. On a small quantity of land he has already purchased.
Mr. Jones. How much?
270 AJ>MINISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. We signed sale certificates for about 25 hectares, or
62-J acres.
Mr. Jones. That has been paid for?
Mr. Sleeper. Partial payments have been made or else total pay-
ments have been made.
Mr. Jones. You do not know, then, w^hether a deed has been exe-
cuted for that amount?
Mr. Sleeper. No deed has been executed ; no, sir.
Mr. Jones. Would not that indicate that much had not been wholly
paid for?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; because we have not been issuing deeds
during the last year, we have been so very busy issuing sales certifi-
cates. We have not got around to issue final deeds to those that have
already paid ; so that w^ould not indicate anything.
Mr. Jones. Do you know why Mr. Carpenter purchased or con-
cluded to purchase this particular piece of land ?
Mr. Sleeper. This particular piece included a very large number of
small parcels scattered all around. I think he decided rather than
to keep on signing leases every year or paying rent he would just close
it up and get his sales certificate signed.
Mr. Jones. Do you know whether he has improved that land any
since he purchased it ?
Mr. Sleeper. These particular parcels?
Mr. Jones. Yes, sir.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not know. I think these parcels prob-
ably have not been improved. They are very small parcels, as I
recall it.
Mr. Jones. Do you know whether any persons are associated wath
Mr. Carpenter in the purchase of this land ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not. He says not.
Mr. Jones. I did not catch that answer.
Mr. Sleeper. He says not. I do not know of any that are asso-
ciated wdth him. He has, however, a man, a Filipino, that I have
met on the estate and in my office, but whether he is an employee or
associated I do not know, but he looks after his business.
Mr. Jones. Whether he is a partner or manager of the estate you
do not know ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know ; no, sir.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Chairman, I do not care to ask any more questions.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Sleeper, who is Carpenter?
Mr. Sleeper. Carpenter? Frank W. Carpenter is executive secre-
tary.
Mr. Madison. What are his duties as executive secretary?
Mr. Sleei'er. He has charge of the executive bureau.
Mr. Madison. What do you mean by the executive bureau?
Mr. Sleeper. It is a sort of clearing house between other bureaus
of the Government, and also attends to the executing of the orders of
the governor and other executive officers.
Mr. Madison. Is he a clerk of the governor and secretary to the
governor ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; I think he is secretary to the governor. The
governor is the executive, and he is the executive officer.
Mr. Madison. Where does he have his office ?
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 271
Mr. Sleeper. In the same building with the governor and the other
secretaries of the departments and the legislature.
Mr. Madison. Does he have his office immediately adjacent to that
of the governor ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Is he regarded as the governor's confidential man?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the governor has a private secretary in addi-
tion to Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Madison. Is he one of the confidential men of the governor?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. He is?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. His relations with him in an official way, then, are
very close?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. From what place is Mr. Carpenter; what State in
the United States?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is from New York State.
Mr. Madison. By whom was he appointed?
Mr. Sleeper. I could not say.
Mr. Madison. Is he related to any of the members of the Philip-
pine Government?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. Is he related to any of the commissioners?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. You say you induced him to lease this estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I think I rather called his attention to it,
and tried to get him to take it up.
Mr. Madison. Is it true that, as director of the bureau, you so-
licited men to lease and to buy this land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I have, on occasion.
Mr. Madison. Do you make that a business ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; that is not my principal business. I have agents
to do that, however, but if I come across a man who is looking for
land I certainly invite his attention to these friar estates.
Mr. Madison. Do you, as the head of that bureau, maintain an
organization for the sale of these lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Do you advertise it for lease or sale ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; but not in the way that the real estate dealer
would advertise it. I have considered that very carefully.
Mr. Madison. Advertise in the newspapers ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. We advertise, not through regular adver-
tising mediums, but through reports, or otherwise.
Mr. Madison. Simply through official reports?
Mr. Sleeper. Simply through official reports and through the
agents — my agents in the provinces.
Mr. Madison. Personal solicitation?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. What persons do you solicit? Natives of the islands
or Americans ?
Mr. Sleeper. All kinds.
Mr. Madison. All kinds ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
272 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Madison. Do you have any agents in this or any foreign coun-
try for the sale of those lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Your solicitations, then^ are confined solely to those
who either live in or temporarily reside in the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; or tourists passing through.
Mr. Madison. They would be temporary residents?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Madison. I had reference to those — transient persons passing
through.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Madison. What difficulties, if any, have you encountered in
disposing of these friar lands ? To put it differently, what demand
has there been for these lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Outside of the occupants of the land at the time we
took possession about five years ago, there has been absolutely no
demand for them.
Mr. Madison. You stated a moment ago that you had been very
busy issuing sales certificates?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Was that indicative of a demand for the land ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. That was indicative of the fact we had
completed our five years' work, surveying and classifying these
lands and getting them ready for sale, and selling these lands that
had been leased to the occupants.
Mr. Madison. Has there been an increased demand for the lands
recently ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. What has occasioned that, if you know ?
Mr. Sleeper. I should presume the Payne tariff bill.
Mr. Madison. The Payne tariff bill has contributed to the pros-
perity of the islands?
Mr. Sleeper. Absolutely.
Mr. Madison. Has it caused an added demand for sugar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. All kinds of lands. It has stimulated industry in
every line.
Mr. Madison. To what extent has it stimulated the demand for
sugar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. To such an extent as to cause this investigation.
Mr. Madison. I am not examining you in any spirit of criticism
at all.
Mr. Sleeper. I understand.
Mr. Madison. That is hardly a fair answer to me. I asked the
question in good faith.
Mr. Sleeper. Since the passage of the tariff act there have been
many tourists in Manila and residents of the islands who have been
making inquiries for land for sugar and other purposes.
Mr. Madison. To what extent has this applied to sugar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. To a very large extent.
Mr. Madison. How much land have you, since the passage of the
Payne- Aldrich tariff bill, leased or sold for the purpose of raising
sugar cane, if you know ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 273
Mr. Si^EPER. About 75,000 acres. That does not include the small
farmers, who may have taken up a few hectares here and there all
around.
Mr. Madison. Does it include the 55,000 acres in the San Jose
estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. What was the next largest amount taken for the
raising of sugar cane ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was the Thayer lease of the Calamba estate.
Mr. Madison. Who leased that?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Thayer.
Mr. Madison. Was he the representative of the Dillinghams, or
purported to be?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what he represented himself to be.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Douglas suggests this question: Did Thayer
carry out his contract ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. What became of him, if you know?
Mr. Sleeper. He skipped the country.
Mr. Madison. Did anyone take his lease?
Mr. Sleeper. The receivers appointed by the court.
Mr. Madison. Did the Dillinghams of Honolulu go into possession
of the land as a result of Thayer's actions?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Not at all?
Mr. Slfjeper. Not at all, to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. And the matter is now pending in the courts?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Douglas also suggests — and I want to bring
out all the facts — that Mr. Thayer's estate is now in the courts in
process of settlement for the benefit of his creditors ?
Mr. Si^eper. Yes, sir; in the name of the receivers.
Mr. Madison. Who was appointed receiver?
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to refer to the papers.
Mr. Madison. Do you remember?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Strong was one, and some other man.
Mr. GARRET^r. Is that J. Montgomery Strong?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Who is Mr. Strong?
Mr. Sleeper. He is a business man of the city of Manila.
Mr. Madison. Interested in the sugar business?
Mr. Sleeper. No, I think not.
Mr. Madison. Or in anywise connected with the Dillinghams, if
you know?
Mr. Sleeper. I think probably he had agreed to sell them, or sell
Mr. Thayer, some material to go onto this estate.
Mr. Madison. That is the only way in which he is identified
with the Dillinghams?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; so far as I know.
Mr. Madison. Was there anything ascertained as to whether or not
he in fact represented the Dillinghams, or whether that representa-
tion was true or untrue?
274 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Not so far as I am concerned. Mr. Thayer showed
me a letter from Mr. Dillingham authorizing certain expenditures
up to $500 a month while he wa^ in the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Madison. That letter was genuine ?
Mr. Sleeper. So far as I know.
Mr. Madison. You never had any reason to suspicion it ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have heard recently that it was a forgery, or that
some of the letters he presented were. I did not see but one.
Mr. Madison. You do not know whether that Dillingham letter
was or not ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Some of the Dillingham letters were?
Mr. Sleeper. That is merely gossip that I heard on my way over
here.
Mr. Madison. Is it not a matter of fact this fellow Thayer was a
fraud and a fake?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. So that, so far as the Thayer lease was concerned,
it does not have very much place here in this investigation, and can
be dismissed as not meaning very much one way or the other?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; except the receivers may make such arrange-
ments as to carry on the business.
Mr. Madison. Certainly. There is no legal reason why the receiv-
ers might not sell his lease.
Mr. Sleeper. That is right.
Mr. Madison. And if a responsible party took an assignment from
the receivers you would recognize it and go ahead with it?
Mr. Sleeper. If they complied with the conditions.
Mr. Madison. That is a matter for disposition by the courts in
which the case is now pending?
Mr. SijEeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. What is the next largest tract of land that was sold
or leased for sugar purposes?
Mr. Sleeper. I think that tract these same people had in the
Binan estate.
Mr. Madison. Who?
Mr. Sleeper. Thayer.
Mr. Madison. That can be disposed of in the same way ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. What was the next largest tract ?
Mr. Sleeper. You mean of public or Government lands?
Mr. Madison. Oh, yes; certainly. I am not referring to anything
else than public or friar lands.
Mr. Sleeper. There is practically 1;000 acres on the Muotinlupa
estate, Avhich some Americans took up with a view of raising sugar.
Mr. Madison. Who are they?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember the names. I think it was read by
the chairman yesterday.
Mr. Madison. The other tracts are less than a thousand acres — 9
thousand acres or smaller?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. Smaller tracts.
Mr. Madison. Have there been any recent applications for the pur-
chase or lease of lands in large tracts — friar lands?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 276
Mr. Sleeper. There have been inquiries, but no real application.
Mr. Madison. From whence do the inquiries come?
Mr. Sleeper. From various sources.
Mr. Madison. Do you remember any of the parties?
Mr. Sleeper.' There was an English concern represented by W. F.
Stephenson & Co., of Manila, who made inquiries, and I took a rep-
resentative out over the balance of the Calamba estate.
Mr. Madison. Has Poole made any additional inquiries or applica-
tions ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. He ceased his operations, so far as you know — that
is, so far as endeavoring to lease or buy friar lands.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and he has not applied for or made any in-
quiries about any other friar lands to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Carpenter obtained a special lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. One that contained provisions different from leases
that were executed to other persons, as, for instance, our attention
was called to the fact that the Government agreed to build a road to
his plantation, and to build a road on the plantation?
Mr. Jones. And bridges.
Mr. Madison. Yes. Has a provision of that kind been put in any
other lease?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know of any such provision in his lease.
Mr. Madison. If you will turn to the lease I will call your atten-
tion to it.
The Chairman. I call your attention to the tenth clause, on page
103, of Mr. Worcester's report.
Mr. Sleeper. There is no obligation there. There is just a promise
to endeavor to obtain such roads, as I have endeavored to obtain on
all the estates wherever there is any vacant land.
Mr. Madison. That is true ; but the statement is made there. There
is no promise made and no obligation except to this extent:
It is further agreed tliat said party of the first i)art, wiU, in his oflicial
capacity, endeavor to obtain on the Tala estate adequate police protection, and
to secure all possible assistance from the Government for the construction of
highways and bridges on and through the lands of said estate.
Did you ever write that in any other person's lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No; because there was no other person who had the
character of lease Mr. Carpenter took.
Mr. Madison. In what respect does this lease differ from the
others?
Mr. Sleeper. He took a lot of what appears to me to be absolutely
useless land and agreed to cultivate it and pay a fair rent on it, a rent
that will eventually, if he does comply with his lease, give us at least
interest on the investment.
Mr. Madison. You say the roads are very bad ?
Mr. Sleeper. I should say so.
Mr. Madison. Consequently, if you do secure governmental aid in
that respect, it would require the expenditure of a great deal of
money, would it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Rivers and streams that run through that country
are very difficult to bridge, are they not?
276 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; because the streams are very inadequate for
watering purposes in that country. They are very small streams.
Mr. Madison. I want to ask you if the streams are not liable to
great floods ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. And that consequently bridges that are put over
them must be of very durable construction ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. So the expenditure of money for the "building of
bridges would be quite large, would it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; but this was a business proposition so far as
I am concerned. We had lots of vacant land not only on this estate,
but on two adjoining estates, and the road that taps one taps the
others; in fact, it went right through the Piedad estate, which is
nearer Manila than the Tala estate.
Mr. Madison. As a business proposition, taking into consideration,
the large amount of money that would be required to build roads and
to build bridges through and on that estate, how can you figure out
any profit to the Government ?
Mr. Sleeper. Because it was a dead loss at all times unless the
estate was occupied and cultivated.
Mr. Madison. Would it not be a dead loss, as a matter of fact, so
far as the Philippine Government was concerned, in recouping the
money which it had originally expended, if it did carry out your aim
or purpose to secure the building of a road to and upon this estate
and the building of bridges?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. It means the ultimate repayment to the
Government of all expenditures.
Mr. Madison. How would that be? How did you figure that?
Mr. Sleeper. First, through sale of land, interest and administra-
tion expenses; second, through the land becoming more valuable, by
reason of cultivation, and therefore higher taxes.
Mr. Madison. Yes; but the purpose of this sale, as I understand it,
or one of the justifications that is urged in the sale of this friar land
in larger quantities than the amount limited in the organic act is
that the land ought to be sold and the money obtained.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. All right. Of course I do not know, and I do not
presume you know, the amount of money that will be required for
those roads and bridges. If you do, I would like to have you state
it; but certainly it would be a very great sum, and under those cir-
cumstances how would the Philippine Government get back very-
much money from this estate to pay those bonds ?
Mr. Sleeper. It would get all the money back from this estate as
it became cultivated and Mr. Carpenter carried out his lease.
Mr. Madison. But you would have to put about the same mon( y
back into bridges, would you not — or the Government would ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; as a matter of fact, I obtained an appropriation
of $2,000 gold to assist in building that road, and the road through
there up to the estate has pretty nearly been constructed and they
are working on it now.
Mr. Madison. How many thousand dollars would it cost to actually
put in a good road, with bridges, to and on that estate?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not those figures.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 277
Mr. Madison. Then you have carried out in part your promise to
this man that you would use your official place and position and
influence to obtain the building of roads and bridges to and on his
estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. That had been partially carried out prior to
entering into this lease. I had already made several reports and ob-
tained appropriations for the building of roads, and so forth, and
the improvement of roads on this and other estates.
Mr. Madison. There is no limitation here as to the number of
roads that you would build on this man's estate, nor the number of
bridges, is there?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. What was your purpose
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). To allow him to get out his products,
so he could sell them and make enough money to pay the increased
rate when he did make a profit from his land.
Mr. Madison. If the Government did build roads and bridges to
and on his estate to such an extent as to afford him a convenient
means of exit, he would have a pretty good estate, would he not ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Why not?
Mr. Sleeper. Because the land is not goodj in my opinion.
Mr. Madison. What is the land covered with now ?
Mr. Sleeper. The cogon grass, the ilang-ilang tree, weeds, and
things like that, except the portions actually cultivated.
Mr. Madison. What is cogon grass?
Mr. Sleeper. It is a very heavy tropical grass.
Mr. Madison. It is a grass that only grows in a very rich soil, is
it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge. I have seen it on some very
poor soil.
Mr. Madison. As a general thing it is a grass that grows on a rich
soil, is it not, and where it grows luxuriantly it does indicate a rich
soil?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I presume that is true.
Mr. Madison. This is the cogon grass, according to your state-
ment ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; it is cogon grass.
Mr. Madison. Therefore the soil is a rich and heavy soil?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; the soil is not rich or heavy, but is very thin.
Mr. Madison. Why does the cogon grass grow there?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know why it grows there. It is there, be-
cause I have been out in it.
Mr. Madison. What is that ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is there, because I have been out in it. Also, the
soil is
Mr. Madison (interposing). You do not think that is indicative of
a good soil ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Find out what this cogon grass is.
Mr. Madison. I think I understand what cogon grass is.
Mr. Douglas. He says it is a coarse tropical grass.
Mr. Hamh^ton. Find out whether it grows thickly on the ground
and whether it is valuable for pasturage.
278 ABMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Madison. All right.
Mr. Sleeper. So far as I know, it is absolutely useless and a hind-
rance to cultivation.
Mr. Madison. But there are a great many grasses that grow in that
way that do indicate, as a matter of fact, a good soil — weeds, for
instance, grow on very good soil.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. I want to ask you if where this cogon grass grows it
is indicative of a former clearing ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think as a rule it is.
Mr. Madison. You stated that yesterday, did you not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; in relation to Mindoro. I think I stated
that.
Mr. Madison. Then, with reference to Luzon ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; I should say it is indicative of a former clearing.
Mr. Madison. Then a portion of the land that this gentleman
bought is land that had been formerly cleared ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Cleared of the timber?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Do you know why it was abandoned?
Mr. Sleeper. It was abandoned, as I understand it, during the
insurrection on account of conditions in the country at that point,
which was a place where all the bad men passed through on their
way to the northern Provinces.
Mr. Madison. That condition no longer exists, of course?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to a large extent, but there have been in the
last few years bands of what we call " robbers " wandering up
through that country.
Mr. Madison. But you have provided against that by specially
providing to give this man police protection?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Has that police protection been afforded?
Mr. Sleeper. I believe it has.
Mr. Madison. Did you write into any other person's lease a provi-
sion as to police protection?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. You, of course, regard that you are, yourself and
your office, pledged and bound by that promise to provide police
protection, if you can secure it, and also the building of roads and
bridges on and to that estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. I might say that we also did the same work
for other estates to a larger extent than for this estate, however.
Mr. Madison. That is all I care to ask at this time. I would like
to see that lease, however.
Mr. FoRNES. I would like to ask this question : How do you arrive
at the cost of land upon which to base a selling price or the price
of leasing it? Is the friars' land divided up, giving each section
having certain fertility or value a proportionate cost against that
section ?
Mr. Sleeper. The friar lands, after we have discovered the areas
of the various parcels within the estate, are turned over to a com-
mittee consisting usually of one man from my office, one man from
the estate, and one maii an outsider, a Filipino, who has had some
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 279
experience in the classification of land. They are given the plans
and told to go upon the land and classify each parcel of land ac-
cording to its value. They usually classify the dominant class of
land on the estate as 100 per cent, and from that they work up and
down.
Mr. FoRNES. In other words, a commission is appointed to ap-
praise the value of the land?
Mr. Sleeper. Exactly ; to appraise the classification, not the value.
The value is obtained after we know the classification of the various
parcels, and having all the expenses added to the original cost.
Mr. Douglas. That is, the original cost to the Filipino Govern-
ment, with the interest and expenses added, makes the total selling
price ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and that is divided up proportionately,
according to classification.
Mr. FoRNES. Do you receive communications from other parts of
the world from any people in relation to the purchase of these lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I have had one or two inquiries, I believe.
Mr. Fornes. Then you worked upon the theory, in relation to the
last parcel of land mentioned, leased to Mr. Carpenter, the same as
they do in all parts of the world — as you make land economically and
readily accessible, that land and the adjoining land increases in
value?
Mr. Steeper. Yes.
Mr. Fornes. In other words, the same rule applies as does in any
country — when land becomes accessible on account of railroad com-
munication or transportation of any kind, it is presumed that the
value of the land will increase to correspond with the additional out-
lay on the part of the Government ?
Mr. Sleeper. Exactly; yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Does this road reach any other public lands or any
other estates than this particular Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Then the improvement of the road
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). It runs by the Piedad estate, which is
between Manila and the Tahi estate, and also opens up some land that
is beyond, beyond the Tala estate, which is public land, when it is
eventually continued on through.
Mr. Hamilton. Then the building of this road would not be with
sole reference to this particular estate?
Mr. Sleeper. On the contrary, it w^as intended to open up both of
these estates, the Tala estate and the Piedad estate.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the basis of classification of the lands —
first, with reference to the kinds of crops that may be grown?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. For instance, sugar land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; irrigated ranch land is probably the most
expensive land we have there.
Mr. Hamilton. Somewhat on the basis of the classification in the
Hawaiian Islands, where they divide their lands down near the sea-
shore, known ris rice lands, and they are known as rice lands-
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). That is similar to our classification.
Mr. TIamtlton. -■ nd *a little farther up, pasture lands, and so on?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
280 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Hamilton. And sugar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Then you fix a value with reference to the kind
of crops that may be grown upon these lands, and their location ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. (jRAHAM. None of these lands turned over under this lease
were applicable to rice culture, were there ?
Mr. Sleeper. Small portions were; the hollows were used for rice
culture, and also they had used some of the uplands for rice culture;
what they call uplands rice.
Mr. Graham. How about sugar?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not believe any of this land is good sugar land.
I do not know whether it has ever been used. I never heard of any
of it being used for sugar cane.
Mr. Hamilton. What is it good for, this particular land ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is good for the growth of trees, like the ylang-
ylang and some other trees, for instance, the cotton tree, although
there are very few out there.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the commercial value of these trees you
speak of?
Mr. Sleeper. They are not commercially valuable, even the ylang-
^dang, at the present time. The cotton tree is perhaps more valuable,
although I do not know.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the ylang-ylang tree?
Mr. Sleeper. It is a flowering tree, the flower of which is used
to make the basis of perfume.
Mr. Garrett. What has Mr. Carpenter done on this estate in the
way of cultivation?
Mr. Sleeper. He has cultivated under the pasturage clause of his
lease, I think, about 400 hectares.
Mr. Garrett. What did he do — what did he do to reduce it to pas-
turage ?
Mr. Sleeper. He built a fence and put his cattle on it.
Mr. Garrett. Do they pasture on the cogon grass ?
Mr. Sleeper. The cogon grass, when it first starts up, they eat, but
after it has gotten up it makes very poor pasturage.
Mr. Garrett. What do they pasture on after that?
Mr. Sleeper. Whatever there is there.
Mr. Garretu. What is there?
Mr. Sleeper. Weeds and small grasses around the hollows. In the
shade I presume the cogon grass never gets high enough — I do not
think it is even good pasture land myself.
Mr. Garrett. How do you determine whether he has reduced it to
cultivation or not? A^Tiat is your criterion for that?
Mr. Sleeper. He submits a statement, and we go out and look it
over. I send an inspector out to find out about how much he has
worked.
Mr. Garrett. Do you mean the fencing determines whether it has
been reduced to cultivation?
Mr. Sleeper. If he has fenced it and got the cattle on it, a reason-
able amount of cattle, we say it is cultivated. Other parts of it are
cultivated and in rice through himself or some of his people. He
has cultivated rice and other products — trees, for instance.
ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 281
Mr. Garrett. How do you rletermine whether a suitable amount
of cattle are on it ^
Mr. Steeper. I leave that to the inspectors who go on the land.
Mr. Garrett. How do they determine it?
Mr. Sleeper. By the ^M^stoms of the country, and whether the cattle
are in good shape. If c^cjy are in good shape, it is determined it is
all right. If they are not in good shape, he could use more land for
the same amount of cattle.
Mr. Garrei^. Can you give us any idea about this? Under his
lease he is to cultivate 300 hectares the first year.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Garrepp. How many cattle did he put on that the first year ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember. I saw a bunch of 50 at one time,
I think, out there, and I know he has bought others since that time.
I think he has about 200 cattle out there at this time, and I think it
takes about 2 hectares or so to an animal at the present time.
Mr. Garrepp. Two hectares to the animal?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; I should judge so, for that land.
Mr. Garrett. And in addition to that he had developed some rice
land?
Mr. Sleeper. He developed rice lands. He has lots of trees planted
out there all around over the estate at the different points. This land
of his is not all contiguous. It is scattered around, because he was
compelled to take lands that were unoccupied, all over the estate.
Mr. Garrett. So it is not simply one fence that is inclosing it?
Mr. Sleeper. No. In fact, this roadway proposes to run through
the middle of it, and cut him up, so he has not been able to fence all
of it as he desired.
Mr. Garrett. AVhat province is the Piedad estate in?
Mr. Sleeper. That is in the Eizal Province, also.
Mr. Garrett. How near to Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. The boundary of the estate must come within 5 miles
of Manila.
Mr. Garrett. How much of that has been taken up ?
Mr. Sleeper. Ninety-four per cent.
Mr. Garrett. How much of the 94 per cent was taken up by the
occupants ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, not occupants.
Mr. Garrett. None of it?
Mr. Sleeper. About 1,000 hectares have been taken by Filipinos
who were not former occupants.
Mr. Garrett. Filipinos who were not former occupants?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. How large was the estate?
Mr. Sleeper. The estate contains 9,650 acres.
Mr. Garrett. How much of that is taken up by occupants?
Mr. Sleeper. I think about G,500 acres have been taken by the
former occupants.
Mr. Garrett. How much by Filipinos who were nonoccupants ?
Mr. Sleeper. The balance of the estate up to the 94 per cent of
the total area?
Mr. Garrett. None of it taken up by people who were not Fili-
pinos ?
82278°— H. Kept. 22S9, 61-3 22
282 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. I think not. I think there are no others than Fili-
pinos who took any land on that estate.
Mr. Garrett. What kind of agriculture is the estate devoted to?
Mr. Sleeper. Rice culture and some vegetables.
Mr. Garrett. What means of communication has it with Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. They have three roads that enter Manila in various
ways.
Mr. Garrett. Is there any water communication ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; the roads are in very poor shape.
Mr. Garrett\ How much of .the land was taken up after the roads
were constructed — after this particular road was constructed for
which you got an appropriation — the road to the Tala estate, run-
ning through the Piedad estate ?
Mr. Sijeeper. This road has not been altogether constructed yet.
We have made some improvements on it, so they could get over it
with their crops at various times, but the real road is still under
construction.
Mr. Garrett. What bearing has the construction of that road on
the sale of lands in the Piedad estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. It has assisted materially, because it was published
and known the Government was to construct a road there.
Mr. Garret^p. It was in anticipation ?
Mr. Sleeper. It was in anticipation, because those people were
absolutely shut in with their products from getting them to market.
Everything had to be carried by the women and men on their heads
into Manila before they fixed these roads.
Mr. Garrett. Where is the Muntinlupa estate?
Mr. Sleeper. It is in the Province of Rizal, adjoining the Province
of La Laguna, up on Laguna de Bay.
Mr. Garrett. Has that water communication with Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. How large is that?
Mr. Sleeker. 7,067| acres.
Mr. Garrett. How much of that has been taken by occupants?
Mr. Sleeper. A small portion of that has been taken by occupants.
The land up there is very poor. It was considered the poorest
estate the Government bought, except the low-lying rice lands right
along the lake front, which were occupied and taken by the occupants,
but the balance of the land in the interior
Mr. Garrett (interposing). You are referring to the low-lying
lands along the lake in this estate?
Mr. Sleeper. In this estate, yes, sir. They were taken up. Al-
though not first-class rice land, they did raise one crop of rice a
year when they had water enough. There is a small irrigation sys-
tem there, but the majority of the lands were vacant and unoccupied
by the former tenants.
Mr. Garrett. I wish when you have time you would put into the
record the amount of land in the LIuntinlupa estate that has been
taken up by former occupants, and the amount that has been taken
up by the Filipinos who were not occupants, and the amount taken
up by other people who were not occupants.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Keferring to Tala estate, how much of the land
leased by Mr. Carpenter was later asked for by Filipinos?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 283
Mr. Sleeper. Eight thousand nine hundred and fifty-eight acres.
Mr. Garrett. Those were not former occupants?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garrett. What was done in regard to those acres?
Mr. Sleeper. They were sold to the people that applied for them.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Carpenter did not insist, in regard to those,
on the provisions of paragraph 3, did he?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. Mr. Carpenter's original intention was
to take a small tract of land, but we induced him to take a large tract
of land, and he was, in my opinion, quite glad to give up some of it,
as he was under obligations to go ahead and spend money to culti-
vate it.
Mr. Garrett. What character of land did the Filipinos take?
Mr. Sleeper. Naturally it was the best land they could find. I
never examined the particular parcels, and only know what my in-
spectors told me, that some of the land Mr. Carpenter had thought
would be good land they had taken and asked for, and Mr. Carpenter
had agreed to let them take it.
Mr. Garrett. ^Vhen did they ask for it?
Mr. Sleeper. About the time that we announced the estate would
be ready for sale at a given date.
Mr. Garrett. To what were you referring then — the sale to him?
Mr. Sleeper. No; we publish notices throughout the towns when
these estates are ready for sale, so the tenants can come in and sign
their papers and change their leases, or any new ones can come in
who desire to purchase land or lease it.
Mr. Garrett. At that time how much cultivation had Mr. Car-
penter ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know; I can not say how much it was at
that time.
Mr. Garrett. Had the fact that he had taken up the land any-
thing to do with the desire of the Filipinos to take up the land ?
Mr. Sleeper. In my opinion that is the only reason we got that
estate over 25 per cent occupied to-day.
Mr. Garrett. Why do you say that, please ?
Mr. Sleeper. For the simple reason that it was impossible to
induce any Filipinos to go out there and take up the land, and the
former occupants were not there and were not to be found, and, as we
calculated three years ago, only 20 per cent of the land was occupied
and the balance we could not find anybody for. The people would
not go there. They were afraid of the conditions that existed. The
roads were poor, and there was not police protection at that time,
and they would not take up the land. That is one of the reasons.
Mr. Garrett. Do you attribute this taking up of these lands to
encouragement to the Filipinos given by the lact Mr. Carpenter
entered into this lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. Absolutely, because the Filipino believes if an Amer-
ican wants a piece of land it must be good land, and therefore he
would like to have it if he can get it, which is quite natural.
Mr. Garrett. That is the same all the world over.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. What land has Mr. Carpenter that the Filipinos
have asked for that has not been sold to the Filipinos?
Mr. Sleeper. None, to my knowledge.
284 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Garrett. Have you a map of the Tala estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. YeSj sir.
Mr. Garrett. I will ask that you present that for the inspection of
the committee.
Mr. Sleeper. You want just one single map, or do you want the
30 or 40 sheets that comprise the parcel survey ?
Mr. Garrett. One map, so we can see it in its entirety.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. One of your ways of advertising this estate was by
prospectus, I understand?
Mr. Sleeper. I got out a prospectus of the San Jose and the Isa-
bela estates; yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Did you get out any of the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. There was no reason for it at the time.
Mr. Garrett. When did you get out these prospectuses of the San
Jose and Isabela estates?
Mr. Sleeper. San Jose, I think, about three years ago, the first
prospectus; the Isabela, I think, a year and a half or two years ago.
Mr. Garrett. Can you furnish the committee copies of those pros-
pectuses ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
THE SAN JOSE FRIAR ESTATE, MINDORO ISLAND, P. I.
Situation and area. — This estate is situated on the southwest coast of the
island of Mindoro. Panda rochan, one of the towns on the island, about 2 miles
from the southern boundary of this estate, is about 165 nautical miles from
Manila, 168 nautical miles from Iloilo, and 265 nautical miles from Cebu. The
estate has a sea frontage of about 13 miles on the Straits of Mindoro and ex-
tends inland about the same distance. The area is 22,941 hectares and 80
ares, or about 55,555 acres. The beach is almost a straight line from one end
of the estate to the other. The blueprints show (a) the location with relation
to the island of Mindoro and (b) the topographical features of the estate.
Terrain. — Comparatively level ground extends inland from the beach about
4 miles. South of the Bugsanga River a large, low, flat prairie stretches to
the southern boundary of the estate and extends inland from the beach in
almost a level plain, where the soil is very rich.
AccessilnUty. — Deep water is within a short distance of the shore, but the
nearest harbor to the estate is at Pandarochan, on Mangarin Bay, about 2
miles from the southern boundary of the estate, which is under the protection
of a tongue of land, making a perfectly safe harbor at any season of the year.
Population. — The number of people living on the estate, other than Man-
guianes (one of the wild non-Christian tribes), is approximately 300. These
people were brought, when the estate was purchased by the Eecoletos, chiefly
from Zambales and a few of them from the Calamianes Islands, to work on
the estate. They were promised carabao and other things necessary to work
the fields and have been required to pay a small rental to the friars as evidence
that they have no claim or right to live on the estate. The houses in w^hich
they live at present were constructed by them with materials from the estate.
Drainage and irrigation. — Two large rivers pass through the estate, and there
are a number of smaller river systems which have their source within the
estate.
Owing to the forest through which pass the tributaries of the Romban River
system, and which conserves through successive seasons the drainage of the
divide, this stream had quite a considerable flow during the entire year. At
a point about a mile and a quarter from its mouth, and where it is considerably
below the limits of the tidal flow, the depth of water can seldom be less than
8 to 10 feet, and it is fully as great the entire distance from here to the outlet,
which could admit boats of some size at high tide.
During the extraordinary dry season of last year, which was the severest
drought Senor Sanz, a former administrator for the friars, had ever witnessed
in Mindoro, the Lumintau River had a flow of about 2^ feet deep and 30 to 40
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 285
meters wide. The Bugsanga had still a larger flow. There are some six rivers
in addition to these two which never dry up and would be useful for irrigation.
(Several of these are branches of the larger rivers.)
A canal would irrigate the large tract of land west of the Romban River.
This canal would draw its supply from the Lumintao River and would pass
through the range of hills which form the left bank of the river 5 miles above
Mangaran, requiring a cut of about 14 meters through a small saddle con-
necting the hills. At the point where the canal would draw its supply the river
has an elevation of 30 meters above high tide. A log dam to divert the stream
into the canal could be built at a small expense, there being an abundance of
timber in the vicinity.
Soil. — The soil is very good and suitable locations and soils can be found
for all classes of Philippine plants, especially for sugar cane, rice, and hemp.
One of the best localities for cultivation is the land adjoining the Romban and
Caniual River systems. Other good locations may be found in the eastern part
of the estate. Land north of the Lumintao could be used for planting sugar
cane and rice. Portions of the divide between the Lumintao and Bugsanga
River systems might be found suitable for cultivation.
Climate. — The rains practically end early in November, although there are
some showers during that month. After that they cease almost entirely until
May, during which month there are thunder showers at considerable intervals.
The rains usually begin in earnest about the middle of June, although in some
years they begin the first of June and others not until the end of July. There
is, therefore, a well-marked dry season, which is nearly coincident with the
dry season in Manila. When the rains begin they are quite heavy. It some-
times rains for a week or two at a time without stopping. Ordinarily, how-
ever, at comparatively frequent intervals, there are periods of two or three
days during which it does not rain. During the month of August there is a
" veranilla " (Indian summer). The southwest monsoon is practically con-
temporaneous with the rains.
Timhcr. — Good timber can be found both in and outside of the estate. Molave
of superior and inferior qualities and ipil can be obtained. The better classes
of timber are to be found in the forest west of the divide.
Agricultural possibilities. — Cotton is found growing wild on the estate. At
present, with the exception of a very small quantity of corn and " palay/'
nothing is planted.
Referring to his experiments with various crops on the estate, Seiior Sanz,
the former administrator, says that " palay " was planted and the crop was
estimated at 100 for one, i. e., 100 cavans of rice for every cavan of seed. He
is of the opinion that if the rice were properly sown and cultivated this might
be increased to 120. He obtained 220 heads from a single grain of rice in one
instance. He had about 3 hectares under cultivation.
He says he had a garden near his house where he grew all sorts of vege-
tables, including fine potatoes and onions. From 1 picul of onions he obtained
11 piculs. He also grew lettuce and very fine tomatoes. All kinds of beans
grew exceptionally well ; also peas and very fine peppers. Muskmelons and
watermelons produced so abundantly that a steamer load of watermelons were
shipped to Manila.
Coffee was planted, and when he w\ts laken away as a prisoner, during the
insurrection, he says the trees were loaded with their first fruit — four years
after planting. The trees were destroyed during the war, but there was never
any disease among the bushes.
Lemons were grown successfully from seed brought from the Caroline Islands.
The lemons were large, thin-skinned, with few seeds, and had an abundance of
juice. The trees produced heavily, and could be seen with flowers and fruit at
the same time throughout the greater part of the year.
Oranges and grape fruit were also grown very successfully. The trees were
large and loaded with fruit. The oranges were raised from seed brought from
China. Trees were not introduced.
He says he has not tried abaca, but that cacao would be certain to grow, as
it has done well in the neighboring town of Irion, and thinks it would grow on
this estate with irrigation. Without irrigaton it would be necessary to plant
it where the soil is damp.
He planted some 50,000 coconuts. The nuts were germinated by clearing an
extensive area in the forest where there was plenty of shade. The nuts were-
watered about once a week, and kept in this place, approximately, a year before
being transplanted, in order that the small trees might reach considerable size.
286 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE lANDS.
They were planted in rows parallel with the beach, at a distnnce of 10 meters
from each other in both directions. They were planted in 16 rows and pro-
tected with a wire fence on the interior, but no fence was put on the beach.
Beginning at Point Bojo, the rows extended to the river Bugsanga. Others were
afterwards planted in San Agustin. The first ones were destroyed by the
insurrectos during the war. Some 50 of the 17,000 planted at San Agustin re-
main, and have now produced beautiful trees. Sixteen thousand were planted
In the vicinity of Mangarin. The trees grow extremely well. Up to the time
Senor Sauz was made a prisoner by the insurrectos he say the trees were not
attacked in the slightest by insects.
Maguey grows in four places. The one nearest the town is called Camillo ;
another is Lumintao ; another place is Cajanti, near the river Bugsanga ; and
another on the other side of tfte river Lumintao, near the small river called
Ayayos.
Tobacco plants put in cultivated ground as an experiment grow tall and with
beautiful leaves.
Animal industries. — Two thousand three hundred and seventy-six head of
cattle were bought from Jose Ladesma. Of these there were 842 cows ready
for breeding. The increase for that year was 828. The second year the increase
was 1,259. The third year the increase was 1,848. The fourth year the insur-
rection came and all except a few wild ones were carried off.
Large bulls were brought from Australia and Spain and put on the estate.
They did well, and the difference in the calves was immediately noticeable.
Cows from Australia and Spain were never tried. The weak and undersized
females were disposed of and only the large ones were kept.
Seiior Sanz says that at one time, when in Agutaya, he bought 150 cattle and
17 carabao. They were small, wretched animals, owing to lack of food and
also to lack of water there. After bringing them to Mangarin the cows were
bred to large bulls and the animals produced were magnificent — among the
best there were ever on the estate. The same thing happened with horses.
Some horses were bought for 6 or 8 pesos each, which were thin and almost
worthless. They almost doubled in size on good pasturage with plenty water.
The horses bred here also did splendidly while merely on pasture. A pair of
large black horses were brought from Manila to breed to the mares, and at the
time of the insurrection there were some 20 pairs of splendid horses ready to
break. The animals are pastured on cogon. When it is dry another grass comes
up, which makes good pasture, but they are particularly fond of the fresh cogon,
which springs up after the fields have been burned. The ground is very rich
and the cogon grows very well in the dry season.
There is no doubt that for cattle raising few localities could be found better
than this estate. It has an abundance of grass of good quality, and water can
be found all over the estate. The mountains and hills, which extend almost
completely around the estate, form a natural barricade.
Lahor. — There is very little labor on the estate, and if any considerable num-
ber of laborers is required they can be brought from other islands.
Value of agriculture. — The agricultural possibilities of this tract of land are
probably unequaled in the Philippine Islands, under proper management and
control. The climate, the soil, the topography of the land,- and the fact that the
friars obtained this concession from the Spanish Government are proof sufiicient
to warrant the statement that there is no better tract of land for agricultural
purposes in the Philippine Islands.
The IsABp]LA Friar P^state.
PROVINCE OF ISABELA, ISLAND OF LUZON.
Location and area. — The Isabel a estate is situated in the municipality of
Cauayan, province of Isabela, island of Luzon, and on the Magat River, which
divides the estate into two parcels. The Magat River is the main branch of
the Cagayan River. The southern boundary of the estate is approximately 4
miles from the poblaci6n of Cauayan, which is located on the Cagayan River
about 100 miles from its mouth. This river is navigable for boats drawing not
more than 22 inches of water to Cauayan. The nearest seaport is Lalloc, dis-
tant about 100 miles, near the mouth of the Cagayan River. The estate is
about 11 miles long from east to west and 7 miles wide from north to south, and
contains an area of 19,891 hectares, or, say, 49,727 acres.
administratio:n^ of Philippine, lands. 287
Terrain. — There are about 3,000 hectares of level land on the islands pertain-
ing to the estate in the Magat River. Along its ester ds this land is covered with
brush and small timber. The balance of the estate, with the exception of about
1,000 hectares of hilly land in the northwest comer of the estate, is level prairie.
The soil of all the level land is rich and deep.
Population. — There are at present, not including the Kalingas — one of the non-
Christian tribes— only 63 families, or between 300 and 400 persons, now living on
the estate. These families occupy about 50 hectares of land, and are engaged in
the cultivation of tobacco, sugar cane, rice, corn, and vegetables, and will prob-
ably purchase their respective holdings when given the opportunity. There are
approximately 600 Kalingas living on the estate along the Magat River and on
the islands in the river, who live by fishing and hunting and who periodically
make caingins or clearings in the brush or timber and plant rice, corn, tobacco,
and vegetables, usually for their own consumption. They are engaged in the
manufacture of mats out of the wild banana, which grows on the islands in the
river in great profusion. These mats are sold to tobacco planters and used for
the purpose of covering bales of tobacco.
Drainage and irrigation. — The Magat River, which passes through the estate
from the southwest to the northeast, is the largest river on the estate and has
several tributaries on both sides. This river rises in the heavily forested moun-
tains of Nueva Viscaya, but is not navigable except during the rainy season,
as it has a very great width and is very shallow, and it is very difficult of
navigation even in the rainy season on account of the swiftness of the current.
None of the rivers on the estate dry up, and nearly all could be used for irri-
gation purposes. The bed of the Magat River is about 16 feet below the level
of its banks, and it is possible to tap this river above the point where it enters
the estate and obtain sufficient water to practically irrigate the whole estate.
There is at present a small dam on the Macaiiacao which, with slight repairs,
would divert all the water from this river, and which, it is estimated, would in
the dry season irrigate about 1,000 hectares of land. Irrigation throughout the
estate appears feasible and easy owing to the gradual slope of the land and the
absence of hills, except in the northwest corner
Soil and agricultural possibilities. — It is estimated that there are 9,000 hec-
tares of the best class of tobacco land that exists in the Cagayan Valley on this
estate. This land lies along the banks of the Magat River and its esteros and
upon the three large islands formed by various branches of the river. Approxi-
mately 5,000 hectares of the land is annually overflowed during the months of
October and November, and a rich sediment is deposited on the soil which is
very valuable for tobacco culture. A crop of corn followed by a crop of tobacco
can be raised annually on this land. Four thousand hectares which is not
overflowed is first-class tobacco land, and is also excellent land for the raising
of sugar cane and rice. There are 9,000 hectares of land lying on both sides of
the river at a short distance from its banks which is not overflowed, where
excellent crops of sugar cane or rice can be raised, and it is also believed that
this land, with proper cultivation, would produce first-class tobacco. It is
estimated that 14,000 hectares of this estate could be worked with steam plows,
the land being level and unbroken by arroyos or gulleys, as is the case in most
parts of these islands. There is an abundance of timber near at hand which
could be used for fuel. The hilly land in the northwest corner of the estate
Is covered with cogon and other grasses and makes excellent grazing ground,
there being an abundance of water and plenty of shade. The raising of cattle
throughout the Cagayan Valley has in the past been successful, the grasses
proving excellent feed for animals.
Climate. — The climate consists of a long rainy season, followed by a season of
showers and a dry season of about three months. The rainy season ends in
November, and from December to April there are frequent light rains. The
rainy season begins in May and during May and June there are frequent
showers, while from July to October there are usually heavy rains, December,
January, and February being relatively dry and cool, but during these months
a very heavy dew falls, and even in the dryest season there appears a great
deal of moisture on the ground.
Timber. — There is no good timber, except for fuel, on the estate, but in the
mountains a few miles up the Magat River there appears to be an abundance of
good timber which can be rafted down the Magat River during the months of
July and August, and such timber can be used for building purposes. Conces-
sions for cutting may be obtained from the Bureau of Forestry.
288 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Lahor. — There is no labor to be found on the estate nor, in fact, anywhere in
the Cagayan Valley. It would therefore be necessary to import labor from other
parts of the islands, which has been done by tobacco planters in some parts of
the valley. These laborers are brought from Ilocos or the Visayas.
Value for agriculture. — It is believed that the agricultural possibilities on this
tract of land are unequaled in the Philippine Islands, under proper manage-
ment. The climate, the richness and depth of soil, topography of the land,
which admits of the use of the latest improved machinery under the best possi-
ble conditions, and the possibilities of irrigation at small expense, insuring the
annual crops, although there is no very pronounced dry season and the better
class of crops may be raised without the necessity of irrigation.
The Cagayan Valley, and particularly the province of Isabela. produces the
best tobacco grown in the Philippine Islands, and the soil on this estate com-
pares favorably, if it does not excel, the best tobacco lands in the province of
Isabela. That they have not heretofore been occupied and cultivated has been
due to the lack of population. The friars were beginning the colonization of
the estate when the insurrection began against the sovereignty of Spain.
Terms of sale. — The value of this estate on January 1, 1909, to the Govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands was ^422,430, and the estate or any portion
thereof, with the exception of the 50 hectares occupied by planters and the 300
or 400 hectares occupied by Kalingas, will be sold for cash on the basis of the
price mentioned, or for cash at any future date for such sum, plus 4 per cent
interest thereon from February 1, 1909, to date of sale; or the estate or any
part thereof will be sold on a basis of 23 equal annual installments, with inter-
est on deferred payments at the rate of 4 per cent per annum ; or a lease for
the estate or any portion thereof for three years will be granted at a nominal
rental of 5 per cent of the value of the portion desired, with the option of pur-
chase at the end of three years from January 1, 1909, for the price above men-
tioned, in 20 equal annual installments, with interest on deferred payments at
the rate of 4 per cent per annum. In case the lessee fails to purchase after
three years lease, all improvements made on the estate will become the property
of the Government of the Philippine Islands. The estate has been classified and
surveyed. However, if it is necessary to resurvey into parcels, the cost of the
resurvey must be paid by the lessee or purchaser, as the case may be.
There is inclosed herewith a blueprint showing the location of the estate with
reference to the Philippine Islands, and a plan of the estate as surveyed.
Further information may be obtained at the bureau of lands, Manila, P. I.
Director of Lands.
Inclosures : One blueprint showing location of the Isabela estate ; 1 blueprint of
Isabela estate as surveyed.
Mr. Garrett. I see on page 10, of House Document No. 963, the
following :
Eniilio Aguinaldo has a special lease for 1,070 hectares on the Imus estate.
One-year lease, rent at fH).10 per hectare per annum. Other conditions same
as in regular leases.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Where is the Imus estate?
Mr. Sleeper. In Cavite Province.
Mr. GARREi^r. Has he any privilege of purchase under his lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. As I understand it, all tenants of the friar
lands at the time of the passage of the last amendment to the friar-
lands act have the privilege and the right to purchase.
Mr. Garrett. Under the law, or because of the wording of the
lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. Under the law. ^
Mr. Garrett. Then it is not in the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Garrett. But it is in the law ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 289
Mr. Garrett. What is the character of that land that Aguinaldo
has? Are you familiar with it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I have been over it.
Mr. Garrett. How far from Manila is it?
Mr. Sleeper. About twenty-odd miles — 21 or 22 miles.
Mr. Garrett. What are the means of transportation ?
Mr. Sleeper. Very poor at the present time.
Mr. Garrett. By boat to Cavite?
Mr. Sleeper. No. There is a good road as far as Imus from
Manila, and there is a railroad also into Imus from Manila, but
from Imus up to the southern end of the estate, where this land is, the
road is almost impassable, except in very dry season, when they go
across the fields any way.
Mr. Garrett. What is the character of that land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Part of it is good rice land and part of it sugar
land — good sugar land, I should say — and the rice land part of it
is irrigated.
Mr. Garrett. This says "A special lease." Have you a copy of
that lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. I ask that that be inserted in the record.
Mr. Sleeper. I do not have it here at this moment. I will supply
it later.
Mr. Garrett. Have you also brought forms of the ordinary sale
certificates ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. And the ordinary lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. I ask that those be incorporated in the record.
Mr. Sleeper. I will furnish those also.
Mr. Garrett. In addition to the San Jose estate, what request has
Mr. Poole made of ;;^^ou in regard to lands in the Philippines ?
Mr. Sleeper. Personally, none.
Mr. Garrett. I mean to you as Director of Lands.
Mr. Sleeper. I mean Mr. Poole personally has not applied for any
more lands.
Mr. Garrett. In this House Document No. 963, to which I have re-
ferred, there is a report signed by you under date of May 5, 1910. in
which you say :
Application for purchase of 930 hectares of public land in Mindoro has been
made by the San Carlos Agricultural Co., E. L. Hamann, secretary, signed by
Edward L. Poole, managing agent.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. There are three such companies that he
represents as agent, I believe.
Mr. Garrett. Did he apply to you for public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. He made the application which I have here; not
personally, but for these companies.
Mr. Garrett. He made it personally, or for the companies?
Mr. Sleeper. For the companies, as I understand.
Mr. Garrett. Did you have any conversation with him at those
times?
Mr. Sleeper. No, I did not ; because he said that he had some com-
panies in California that wanted some lands, and I told him all right,
SALES APPLICATION 300. ENTRY 57.
82278°— H. Rept. 2289, 61-3. (Face page 290.)
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 291
on the southwest by the sea ; and on the northwest by public lands applied for
by the San Francisco Agricultural Co., situate in the barrio of Mangarin,
municipality of Bulalacao, Island of Mindoro, Province of Mindoro, Philippine
Islands, and containing an area of 830 hectares, ares, and centares ;
said tract conforming in shape to the requirements of section 11 of said public-
land act, as indicated by the accompanying rough sketch.
2. To show that the qualifications required by law are possessed by the appli-
cant, the following statement of facts is submitted :
3. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made is known as San
Mateo Agricultural Company, and was organized under the laws of the State
of California, and its principal place of business or main office is at San Fran-
cisco, Cal., and Mr. K. M. Nealon is in charge thereof in the capacity of secre-
tary. A certified copy of the charter or articles of incorporation, and the
required documentary evidence showing that the law governing the transaction
of business in the Philippine Islands by foreign corporations has been complied
with, are hereto attached and made a part hereof.
4. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made has never here-
tofore purchased any land or acquired any interest therein under the provisions
of the public-land act No. 926.
5. N;o member of said corporation has ever purchased any land or acquired
interest therein under said law.
6. The land owned in the Philippine Islands by said corporation consists of
the following tracts of the following areas, and the same is all the land owned
by said corporation in the Philippine Islands, viz : No land owned.
7. If the land herein applied for is awarded to said corporation, it is the
intention of said corporation to occupy, cultivate, and improve the same as
provided by law, and said land will not be sold or in any manner encumbered
prior to the issuance of the patent therefor. The provisions of the public-land
laws relating to purchases of public land by corporations, and the restrictions,
limitations, and requirements of section 75 of the act of Congress of July 1,
1902, are understood and will be fully complied with by the applicant.
8. The undersigned has been upon and examined the land applied for, and
it contains no indications of settlement or occupation, and to tfie best of his
knowledge, information, and belief it is unoccupied, unreserved, unappropriated,
nonmineral agricultural public land, contains no valuable deposits of coals or
salts, and is more valuable for agricultural than forestry or other purposes.
Edw. L. Poole.
(Signature of person swearing to application.)
San Mateo Agricultural Co.,
(Name of the corporation making application.)
By Edw. L. Poole,
Managing Agent,
affidavit.
Philippine Islands, Province of
Municipality of City of Ma/nila, ss:
9. I, Edw. L. Poole, the person making this application for the corporation
aforesaid, first having been solemnly sworn, upon my oath depose and say:
That I have read and understand the foregoing application ; that I signed said
application and this affidavit in the presence of the oflicer who swore me; that
I am duly authorized by said corporation to make this application on their
behalf; that each and every statement in said application is true and correct.
So help me God.
Edw. L. Poole.
10. Before me, at the municipality aforesaid, on this 2nd day of February,
1910, personally appeared Edw. L. Poole, personally known to me to be the
person whose name is signed to the foregoing application, and in my presence
he signed said application and subscribed and swore to the foregoing affidavit.
11. The affiant exhibited to me his cedula, which was No. F 1946, issued at
Manila on the 4th day of January, 1910, which showed him at the date of said
cedula to be 41 years of age, and a native of Monterey, California.
To all of which I certify.
Eugene A. Perkins,
(Officer authorized to administer oaths.)
Notary Public.
(Official title.)
FIjese aquf un sello de rentas Internas de S, 20 centavos.
292 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Government of the Philippine Islands.
Department of the Interior.
Bureau of Public Lands.
SALES application.
(By a corporation.)
Bureau of Public Lmv^s No. 301, Entry No. 58. Local Land Office No.
1. Application is hereby made to purchase the following-described tract of
land under the provisions of Chapter II of the public-land act, No. 926, viz :
Bounded on northeast by public lands purchased by the San Francisco Agri-
cultural Co. and vacant public lands; on the southeast by vacant public lands,
Mangarin Bay, homestead applications Nos. 7400 and 5582 by Mamerto de
Mesa and Eugenio de Mesa, respectievly, and the Labangan River; on south-
v^est by public lands purchased by the San Mateo Agricultural Co. ; on the
northwest by public lands purchased by the San Francisco Agricultural Co.,
situate in the barrio of Mangarin, municipality of Bulalacao, Island of Min-
doro, Province of Mindoro, Philippine Islands, and containing an area of 930
hectares, ares, and centares, excluding all homesteads; said tract
conforming in shape to the requirements of section 11 of said public-land act, as
indicated by the accompanying rough sketch.
2. To show that the qualifications required by law are possessed by the appli-
cant, the following statement of facts is submitted :
3. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made is known as San
Carlos Agricultural Co., and was organized under the laws of the State of
California, and its principal place of business or main office is at San Fran-
cisco, Cal., and Mr. E. L. Hamann is in charge thereof in the caiiacity of secre-
tary. A certified copy of the charter or articles of incorporation and the
required documentary evidence showing that the law governing the transaction
of business in the Philippine Islands by foreign corporations has been complied
with are hereto attached and made a part hereof.
4. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made has never hereto-
fore purchased any land or acquired any interest therein under the provisions
of the public-land act, No. 926.
5. No member of said corporation has ever purchased any land or acquired
interest therein under said law.
6. The land owned in the Philippine Islands by said corporation consists of
the following tracts of the following areas, and the same is all the land owned
by said cori)oration in the Philippine Islands, viz : No land owned.
7. If the land herein applied for is awarded to said corporation, it is the in-
tention of said corporation to occupy, cultivate, and improve the same as pro-
vided by law, and said land will not be sold or in any manner encumbered prior
to the issuance of the patent therefor. The provisions of the public-land laws
relating to purchases of public land by corporations, and the restrictions, limi-
tations, and requirements of section 75 of the act of Congress of July 1, 1902,
are understood and will be fully complied with by the applicant.
8. The undersigned has been upon and examined the land applied for, and it
contains no indications of settlement or occupation, and to the best of his
knowledge, information, and belief it is unoccupied, unreserve, unappropri-
ated, nonmineral agricultural jniblic land, contains no valuable deposits of coal
or salts, and is more valuable for agricultural than forestry or other purposes.
Edw. L. Poole.
(Signature of person swearing to application.)
San Carlos Agrtcitltural Co.,
(Name of the corporation making application.)
By Edw. L. Poolk,
Managing Agent.
affidavit.
Philippine Islands, Province of ,
MunicipaUty of City of Manila, ss:
9. I, Edward L. Poole, the person making this application for the corporation
aforesaid, first having been solemnly sworn, upon my oath depose and say :
That I have read and understand the foregoing ai)plication ; that I signed said
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ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 293
application and this affidavit in the presence of the officer who swore me ; that
I am duly authorized by said corporation to make this application on their
behalf; that each and every statement in said application is true and correct.
So help me God.
Edw. L. Poole.
10. Before me, at the municipality aforesaid, on this 2nd day of February,
1910, personally appeared Edw. L. Poole, personally known to me to be the per-
son whose name is signed to the foregoing application, and in my presence he
signed said application and subscribed and swore to the foregoing affidavit.
11. The affiant exhibited to me his cedula, which was No. F 1946, issued at
Manila on the 4th day of January, 1910, which showed him at the date of said
cedula to be 41 years of age and a native of Monterey, California.
To all of which I certify.
Eugene A. Perkins,
(Officer authorized to administer oaths.)
Notary Piihlic.
(Official title.)
Ffjese aquf un sello de rentas internas de d 20 centavos.
The Government of the Philippine Islands.
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Public Lands.
SALES application.
(By a corporation.)
Bureau of Public Lands No. 302, Entry No. 59. Local Land Office No.
1. Application is hereby made to purchase the following-described tract of
land under the provisions of Chapter II of the public land act, No. 926, viz :
Bounded on northeast by public lands, on southeast by public lands pur-
chased by the San Carlos Agricultural Co. and the San Mateo Agricultural
Co., on the southwest by the sea, and on the northwest by the San Jose friar
land estate, situate in the barrio of Mangarin, municipality of Bulalacao,
Island of Mindoro, Province of Mindoro, Philippine Islands, and containing an
area of 840 hectares, ares, and centares; said tract conforming in
shape to the requirements of section 11 of said public land act, as indicated by
the accompanying rough sketch.
2. To show that the qualifications required by law are possessed by the ap-
plicant, the following statement of facts is submitted :
3. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made is known as
San Francisco Agricultural Co., and was organized under the laws of the State
of California, and its principal place of business or main office is at San Fran-
cisco, and Mr. Charles MclMullan is in charge thereof in the capacity of secre-
tary. A certified copy of the charter or articles of incorporation and the re-
quired documentary evidence sliowing that the law governing the transaction
of business in the Philippine Islands by foreign corporations has been complied
with are hereto attached and made a part hereof.
4. The corporation on whose behalf this application is made has never here-
tofore purchased any land or acquired any interest therein under the provisions
of the public land act No. 926.
5. No member of said corporation has ever purchased any land or acquired
interest therein under said law.
6. The land owned in the Pliilippine Islands by said corporation consists of
the following tracts of the following areas, and the same is all the land owned
by said corporation in the Pliilippine Islands, viz : No land owned.
7. If the land herein applied for is awarded to said corporation it is the
intention of said corporation to occupy, cultivate, and improve the same as
provided by law, and said land will not be sold or in any manner encumbered
prior to the issuance of the patent therefor. The provisions of the public land
laws relating to purchases of public land by corporations and the restrictions,
limitations, and requirements of section 75 of the act of Congress of July 1,
1902, are understood and will be fully complied with by the applicant.
8. The undersigned has been upon and examined the land applied for, and it
contains no indications of settlement or occupation, and to the best of his
294 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
knowledge, information, and belief it is unoccupied, unreserved, unappropriated,
nonmineral agricultural public land, contains no valuable deposits of coals or
salts, and is more valuable for agricultural than forestry or other purposes.
Edw. L. Poole.
(Signature of person swearing to application.)
San Francisco Agricultural Co.,
By Edw. L. Poole,
(Name of the corporation making application.)
Managing Agent,
affidavit.
Philippine Islands, Province of ,
Municipality of City of Manila, ss:
9. I, Edward L. Poole, the person making this application for the corporation
aforesaid, first having been solemnly sworn, upon my oath depose and say:
That I have read and understand the foregoing application ; that I signed said
application and this affidavit in the presence of the officer who swore me; that
I am duly authorized by said corporation to make this application on their
behalf; that each and every statement in said application is true and correct.
So help me God.
Edw. L. Poole.
10. Before me, at the municipality aforesaid, on this 2nd day of February,
1910, personally appeared Edward L. Poole, personally known to me to be the
person whose name is signed to the foregoing application, and in my presence
he signed said application and subscribed and swore to the foregoing affidavit.
11. The affiant exhibited to me his cedula, which was No. F 1946, issued at
Manila on the 4th day of January, 1910, which showed him at the date of said
cedula to be 41 years of age and a native of Monterey, California.
To all of which I certify.
Eugene A. Perkins,
(Officer authorized to administer oaths.)
Notary PuUic.
(Official title.)
Fijese aqul un sello de rentas internas de ^ 20 centavos,
Mr. Gareett. Would the railroad extend over these lands?
Mr. Sl^.eper. I think it runs right through these lands.
Mr. Garrett. Were they carried all the way to Mangarin?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I think so.
Mr. Garre^pf. Have you any copies of the certificates of incorpora-
tion of these companies?
Mr. Sleeper. I think I have.
Mr. Garrett. Or of the papers that they file in order to be regis-
tered in the Philippines?
Mr. Sleeper. I am not certain whether I have here certificates of
incorporation of these companies or not.
Mr. Garrett. If you have, I ask you to hand them to the stenog-
rapher.
Mr. Sleeper. We did have. I know they were presented at the
office at the time. Whether they were returned or not I am not sure.
The Chairman. If you find you have them, hand them to the
stenographer to go into the record at this point.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. May I ask, Mr. Chairman, if it is the purpose of the
committee to continue this afternoon ?
The Chairman. I think so.
Mr. Garrett. Who is Arturo Cancel ?
Mr. Sleeper. A Filipino of the Province of KizaL
SALES APPLICATION 302. ENTBY 59.
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ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 295
Mr. Graham. In connection with that, I want to ask a question.
I want to know, when you made that lease with Seiior Arturo Dancel,
had you arranged to get that road or improve that road that was to
lead through the estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; Dancel knew; he had been very energetic in
trying to get roads through it in that nmtry. That was his prov-
ince, and he was interested out there.
Mr. Graham. Did you agree with him, the same as with Mr. Car-
penter, that you would endeavor to have that road put in ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Does this road run through the Piedad estate and
the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. How many people would you estimate will be served
by that road ? How many people are holding on those two estates ?
Mr. Sleeper. Practically all the people on both estates would be
served by that road.
Mr. Madison. And that would approximate about how many?
Mr. Sleeper. I think about six or seven thousand people.
Mr. Madison. On those two roads ?
Mr. Sleeper. On those two roads, including the two estates, the
large estates between the city of Manila and the Piedad estate, and
the estates beyond the Tala estate called San Jose, I think, and some
other people that are up in that country. It opens that entire
country.
Mr. Madison. Do you figure the residents in the outskirts of Manila
in that estimate of six or seven thousand, or purely rural inhabitants ?
Mr. Sleeper. The people that cultivated the land and the owners
of the lands.
Mr. Madison. How many of those six or seven thousand would be
immediately adjacent to Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not quite get the purport of that question.
Mr. Madison. How many of those six or seven thousand people
served by the road will be people who are landowners immediately
adjacent to Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. I was not speaking of landowners, because these
lands around Manila are divided into large estates, and between the
Piedad estate and the boundaries of the city of Manila there is one
estate only, a couple of miles there. Then there is the Piedad estate,
3 or 4 or 5 more miles.
Mr. Madison. To get at it definitely, and to get the idea I want
to develop, how many people on the Tala estate will be served by this
road if it is projected onto and through the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. I should say 2,000 to 2,500 people.
Mr. Madison. On the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. On the Tala estate; yes.
Mr. Madison. And how many on the Piedad estate will be served
and benefited by that road?
Mr. Sleeper. About the same number, approximately.
Mr. Madison. They are tenants, are they ?
Mr. Sleeper. They are tenants, yes; tenants or owners, either one
or the other.
Mr. Madison. You are not figuring your employees in your esti-
mates?
296 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, I am figuring the population that are out there,
either doing work or residing there.
Mr, Madison. How many of them would be landowners or lessees?
Give the approximate amount for each of those two estates.
Mr. Sleeper. On the Tala estate, 400 landowners, because they
have purchased; on the Piedad estate, 600 lessees, because they have
not purchased, or had not at the date of this report, July 31.
Mr. RucKER. Mr. Sleeper, do you know where A. F. Thayer is
now ?
Mr. Sleeper. l^To, sir.
Mr. RucKER. He some time had an office in Manila, did he not ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. A practicing lawyer?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Rucker. He is a lawyer, is he not?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Rucker. Is he a nephew of the United States judge assigned
to duty in China?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Rucker. Speaking of the difficulty that Mr. Poole had in
fetting employees upon his estate or land that he purchased, what
oes that arise from? What does the difficulty arise from in get-
ting labor down that distance?
Mr. Sleeper. The distance is the particular difficulty. The Fili-
pino is not in the habit of leaving home, and does not desire to leave
his native town or village.
Mr. Rucker. The same difficulties would not, then, be encountered
by Mr. Carpenter with reference to the cultivation of his land?
Mr. Sleeper. Not as great, because it is nearer to the centers of
population.
Mr. Rucker. Would there be any difficulty in securing labor as
near as that?
Mr. Sleeper. I think there is difficulty in securing farm labor at
any point in the Philippine Islands to-day.
Mr. Rucker. From what does that arise?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it arises from the methods in vogue there of
handling labor, and the fact that the Filipino has not yet learned
to do the work expected of farm laborers.
Mr. Madison. Are the conditions of the country and climate and
all such that the men can live with but little, very little, labor?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. That is one of the things that tends to make it dif-
ficult to obtain labor?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; they do not like to do what they consider
a day's work every day.
Mr. Douglas. Mr. Chairman, I move, when the committee ad-
journs, that we adjourn until half past 10 to-morrow morning.
Mr. Jones. I second the motion.
The Chairman. It is moved and seconded when the committee
adjourn to-day it adjourn until 10.30 to-morrow morning.
(The motion was carried.)
Mr. Rucker. Mr. Sleeper, you spoke about Mr. Thayer getting
into some financial difficulty there. Will you please state, if you
know, how it came about, or whether it came about by reason of his
undertaking this project?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 297
Mr. Sleeper. As I understand it, Mr. Thayer did not have the
money or the backing to do the work he undertook to do in improving
and operating the Calamba estate. He went to work building roads,
and so forth, and he was pressed for money from the very beginning,
and, finally, after borrowing as much as he could, his creditors got
anxious about him, and he suddenly left Manila, and his estate was
therefore forced into insolvency.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Sleeper, you say the fact that Mr. Carpenter
took a lease from this probably encouraged the Filipinos themselves
to want it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Would that have been true if any American had
taken it ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I think it would. It might not have been as
true, because Mr. Carpenter was well known and respected and liked
by the Filipinos.
Mr. Garrett. He is popular among the Filipinos there ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. They have confidence in his judgment?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. According to your estimate of values of this land,
was he not the innocent cause of sort of putting up a job on them?
Mr. Sleeper. I would not like to say that, or you might accuse
me of having put up a job on him.
Mr. Garrett. Are there any other officials there who have taken a
lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to any extent. For instance, I believe I bought
a little tract of land on which the Stotsenburg Monument is located,
with a view of deeding it to the Stotsenburg Post ; and of that kind
there are a few employees that have purchased small tracts, perhaps
a residence or a house or home in Cebu, but as a rule none have gone
in for the purpose of purchasing these lands for the purpose of
making any business of it.
Mr. Hamilton. This lessee, Mr. Carpenter, is required to cultivate
certain land — a certain amount of this land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. I am curious to know what you mean by cultiva-
tion. I understand this ylang-ylang tree is grown there ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Aside from that, as I gather from your statement,
the lands are used for pasturage ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Hamilton. What do you mean by cultivation?
Mr. Sleeper. Using the land for agricultural purposes or pastur-
age purposes.
Mr. Hamilton. The only agricultural purpose, aside from merely
pasturing the land, I gather, is the growth of these trees?
Mr. Sleeper. Rice, and other trees that he has set out there.
Mr. Hamilton. Very little rice?
Mr. Sleeper. There are scattered rice fields all over the land;
wherever there is a hollow or a good piece of land they grow rice
there.
82278°— H. Kept. 22S9, 01-3 23
298 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Hamilton. Are those ylang-ylang trees of spontaneous
growth ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. They have to be planted ?
Mr. Sleeper. They have to be planted.
Mr. Hamilton. Are large tracts set out for those trees ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. How large, ordinarily?
Mr. Sleeper. There are several small tracts along the road that
are now in ylang-ylang trees. Some of his land has cotton trees on
and some of those small tracts other trees.
Mr. Hamilton. On the Tala estate have you any knowledge of how
many there are?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I have not an}^ idea.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the cotton tree?
Mr. Sleeper. It grows a tree cotton.
The Chairman. I would like to know the views of the committee
with reference to continuing. A great many feel they ought to be in
the House to-day.
Mr. Jones. A good many of them have already gone, and some of
the rest of us want to go. I think it would be well for the committee
to adjourn now until the hour fixed to-morrow\ I want to ask just
one question and then I will make that motion.
The Chairman. All right.
Mr. Jones. I understood you to say, in response to a question pro-
pounded by some member of the committee, that Mr. Carpenter was
cultivating now, under the pasturage section of his contract, some
400 hectares.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I think that is right.
Mr. Jones. This is the third year of his tenancy, is it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Under that contract I see that he is required to culti-
vate as much as 600 hectares the second year.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Then he has not kept his contract in that respect,
has he?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he has. We have just within the last three
months determined the actual area held by Mr. Carpenter; on ac-
count of the fact we have just got the estate ready for sale and know
the area of the various parcels. We have estimated by plantimeter
and in other ways what he did have. According to his contract, I
believe he was to have 800 or 900 hectares under cultivation.
Mr. Garrett. Page 103 of the Worcester report.
Mr. Jones. Page 103 has the clause to which I refer.
Mr. Sleeper. One thousand hectares the third year. The third
year is not up.
Mr. Jones. I asked as to the second year. At the close of the
second year he was to have had 600 hectares.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. You wiil notice there is a proviso in that
clause that any tract of land not susceptible to cultivation shall be
excluded. There are probably in his tract at least 200 hectares that
are not susceptible of cultivation. They are so poor, where the
limestone and rock comes out on top of the ground. It is bluffs and
cliff and waste land, and practically all the waste land of the estate
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 299
is in Mr. Carpenter's lease. All the estates have some waste lands
in them.
Mr. Jones. His lease covers over 2,000 hectares.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Would the fact that some 200 hectares were not sus-
ceptible of cultivation entitle him to a reduction of 200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. The land he could not cultivate. Furthermore, he
has cultivated some 200 hectares in addition to his pasture, in addi-
tion to the allowance we make to him for pasturage.
Mr. Jones. Do you mean to say he has cultivated really 600 hec-
tares ?
Mr. Sleeper. More than that, I think. Under cultivation and
waste land there is more than 600 hectares. Before I left there we
had just completed the area of those estates to know just exactly
what Mr. Carpenter was to get, and since that time the inspector has
been out there. He is waiting for the close of the third year.
Mr. Jones. Since you have called my attention to that proviso, it
seems to me to be a rather remarkable one. According to your con-
struction of that language, if it should turn out that 600 hectares of
these 2,000 hectares were not suitable for cultivation, although he
had left 1,400 hectares that were susceptible of cultivation, he would
not be required to cultivate an acre at all.
Mr. Sleeper. Not for this year.
Mr. Jones. For the second year?
Mr. Sleeper. For the second year.
Mr. Jones. Then, if during the three years in which he was re-
quired to cultivate the thousand hectares, if it turned that there
were a thousand hectares of land not susceptible of cultivation, not-
withstanding the fact that there were over a thousand hectares sus-
ceptible of cultivation, he would not have to cultivate a single acre of
land under his lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Not if it was not susceptible of cultivation; no, sir.
Mr. Jones. Not if 1,000 hectares were not susceptible?
Mr. Sleeper. If 1,000 were absolutely useless.
Mr. Jones. Of the other 1,067, he would not be required under
this contract to cultivate an acre?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. Is not that a very peculiar contract ?
Mr. Sleeper. The idea was if he was leasing land and paying the
Government rent on land that was absolutely useless he would re-
ceive credit for that land on the rent of his land that he did cul-
tivate and the land that he paid rent for.
Mr. Jones. I noticed the language in that proviso Avhen I read it,
but I had not supposed any such construction as that would be placed
upon it. I supposed there would be a proportionate reduction; as
200 acres of uncultivated land Avas to the amount of land that should
be cutlivated, the reduction would be made.
Mr, Garrett. I should suppose that proviso really applied to the
expression, " Until the entire area occupied and leased by him is
under cultivation." I would suppose that proviso simply meant to
apply to that.
Mr. Sleeper. Suppose he got up to all but the uncultivated land,
then he gets credit for it anyhow. In fact, if the whole area was ab-
solutely unsusceptible of cultivation, he would still be paying rent
300 ADMIISriSTEATIO]Sr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
and we could not compel him to cultivate, and yet he would pay rent
on it.
Mr. Jones. Yes; I understand that. The Government would be
getting the rent, but the country would not be getting the benefit from
any cultivation.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; that is true ; but eventually he would have
to buy at the sale price or give it up.
Mr. Jones. Or give it up, of course?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Jones. As a good business man he w^ould give it up under
those conditions and would not buy ; he certainly would not buy after
he had had it for two or three years and discovered it could not be
cultivated.
Mr. Sleeper. We knew there was some land that was not suscepti-
ble of cultivation when we made this lease, and the reason that was
put in there was to exclude that from the necessity of cultivation.
Mr. Jones. I merely wanted to know your construction of that
language.
Mr. Sleeper. We have not determined yet exactly
Mr. Jones (interposing). That is the way it reads, but I had not
supposed that was the construction.
Mr. Sleeper. That was our construction.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Chairman, I move we adjourn until to-morrow
morning at 10.30 o'clock.
(The motion was carried.)
(Thereupon, at 12.05 o'clock p. m., the committee adjourned until
to-morrow, Thursday, December 15, 1910, at 10.30 o'clock.
House of Representatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Washington^ D. G.^ Thursday^ December IS, 1910.
The committee met at 10.30 o'clock a. m., Hon. Maiiin E. Olmsted
presiding.
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman), Hamilton, Hubbard of Iowa, Graham of Penn-
sylvania, Parsons, Davis, Madison, Douglas, Jones, Page, Garrett,
Denver, Helm, Rucker of Colorado, and Larrinaga of Porto Rico.
TESTIMONY OF MR. CHARLES H. SLEEPER— Continued.
The Chairman. Capt. Sleeper, I do not think you have been asked
how many acres there are in what you term public lands, or how
many there were in the beginning.
Mr. Sleeper. In the Philippine Islands?
The Chairman. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. That is a very difficult question to answer. We abso-
lutely do not know. No surveys have ever been made, and we have
no way to determine at the present time. There is no way of arriving
at any calculation that would be anywhere near right.
The Chairman. What is the best estimate that you can make as
to the number of acres of what you call public lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Forty-five million acres.
The Chairman. Forty-five million acres ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is as near as we can come.
The Chairman. That is the original amount that the United
States got from Spain ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. How many acres are there or were there origi-
nally of the friar lands purchased by the Philippine Government?
Mr. Sleeper. In the original purchase, you mean ?
The Chairman. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to ask for a copy of that report of Mr.
Worcester.
The Chairman. Give it approximately.
Mr. Sleeper. Something over 400,000,000 acres.
The Chairman. Did you put on record yesterday the lease of Mr.
Carpenter ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. I will ask you whether Mr. Carpenter obtained
permission to go into private business?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. From whom ?
Mr. Sleeper. From the chief executive.
The Chairman. That is, from the governor of the Philippines?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
301
302 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. It has been stated here that there have been re-
cently, within a very short period, thousands of sales certificates made
out in 3^our department?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; we are making them out very fast at the
present time.
The Chairman. '\^^iat is the occasion of their being made in such
great numbers within the past few months?
Mr. Sleeper. We have completed the survey, classification of land,
and preparation of the areas and values of the various parcels within
these estates, so that they are ready for sale in compliance with the
terms of the friar land act.
The Chairman. How did you get so many customers all at once?
Mr. Sleeper. The customers were there all the time, but the infor-
mation w^as not there on which to make the sales — the descriptions
and so forth.
The Chairman. Were these customers occupants of the land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. They were tenants?
Mr. Sleeper. They were tenants on the land.
The Chairman. Have you a uniform form of lease for friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. I notice in this list, which has been furnished
here, the names are given and the area and rental ai:»l so forth, and,
then, after six or seven of them they are marked " special."
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. In those cases the lease was something special?
Mr. Sleeper. They had as a rule some special clause.
The Chairman. Here is the Thayer lease. You have already
testified concerning this?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Emilio Aguinaldo?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. One thousand and fifty acres?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Will you tell us about that?
Mr. Graham. He testified about that yesterday.
Mr. Madison. Yes; in answer to Mr. Parsons. You gave the
details of the lease, did you not, Capt. Sleeper?
Mr. Sleeper. A copy of that is in the record ; yes.
Mr. Madison. You gave the particulars in which it was different?
Mr. Sleeper. I did not ; no, sir.
Mr. Madison. Then do it now.
The Chairman. What are the special features of that lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Aguinaldo was not an occupant of this land, although
he had formerly occupied some of the friar lands, but not these par-
ticular lots on the Imus estate. There were two classes of land
which he desired to take up, one of which he thought would raise rice
and the other was to be devoted to sugar. Therefore there was a
special provision made in this lease separating these two different
parcels. One consisted of 262 hectares of land, which was partially
cleared and which he thought he could devote to rice. There were
787 hectares of woodland which had to be cleared, which he thought
he could devote to the cultivation of sugar. The total area was
1,050 hectares. He went up into the Imus estate, where there were
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 303
no occupants, and took up this land, and we therefore gave him
better terms than we gave to those occupying lands down below in
the irrigated and better class of lands.
The Chairman. The last immediately preceding here is Gregorio
Acuna, who had 44 hectares, paying a total annual rental of 401
pesos, while Aguinaldo had to pay only 468 pesos for 1,050 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. That is because of the inferior quality of his
land?
Mr. Sleeper. Difference in land and difference in conditions exist-
ing. That hDlds through all the other estates — different prices ac-
cording to difference in lands.
The Chairman. Aguinaldo is a Filipino, I take it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Cpiairman. He is the original Filipino?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo.
Mr. Jones. Let him go on with that statement about that lease.
The Chairman. Yes; proceed with that.
Mr. Jones. Capt. Sleeper, please complete what you were saying
about that land.
Mr. Sleeper. Aguinaldo wanted to pay a certain sum for the
first year of his lease, $210 United States currency for the first year,
and at the end of that year it was to be increased to 20 cents gold
for the bosque hind per hectare per year for each of the two follow-
ing 3'ears, and he was to be entitled to purchase the lands described
as the baldio at the minimum rate at which such lands were to be
sold in that estate. That is, it was to be classified as baldio, not-
withstanding the fact that he had improved it. In other words, he
was not to be charged the cost of the improvements when the pur-
chase was made.
The same thing applies to bosque lands, or lands covered with
timber and wood. That is the only difference in this lease from
other leases, except that he took up a larger area.
The Chairman. Independent of the question at law, what is your
judgment of the wisdom or unwisdom of disposing of these friar
lands as rapidly as possible?
Mr. Sleeper. It seems to me a good business proposition, because
I feel that it will be impossible for many, many years to come, unless
we do dispose of them to outsiders or nonoccupants, to get the lands
under cultivation and producing any kind of revenue to the Gov-
ernment.
The Chairman. There has been some testimony or statements
here concerning a lease or sale to Mr. Worcester; E. L. Worcester,
I think it is.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is a lease
Mr. Jones (interposing). Before you go to that, Mr. Chairman,
I would like to ask a question or two about this Aguinaldo matter.
The Chairman. Very well.
Mr. Jones. I believe Gen. Aguinaldo lives at Cavite Viejo?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. How far from his residence is this land which has
been lensed to him ?
Mr. Sleeper. Nine or ten miles.
304 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Jones. I understood you to say it was quite inferior land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. It is the southern end of the Imus estate,
which is above the line where irrigation can be obtained, and it is a
very rough country except in small spots.
Mr. Jones. It can not be irrigated?
Mr. Sleeper. So far as we know, it can not be irrigated.
Mr. Jones. He owns some land in that vicinity, does he not?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Jones. He owns or did own a few years ago two farms some
10 or 12 miles from Cavite Veijo, and I wanted to know whether this
land was adjacent to the land owned by him, if you know?
Mr. Sleeper. From conversations with him I should judge that
the land that he says he owned was some of this land on these friar
estates that he had the right to purchase, having been a former
occupant. That is, the onl}^ land I know of that he owns or controls.
Mr. Jones. Does he not own land there that he inherited that has
been in the family for years ?
Mr. Sleeper. It may be right around his house, but with the
exception of that land in and around the town of Cavite Veijo,
municipality of Cavite and Noveleta, the entire province of Cavite
within 10 miles is friar land.
Mr. Jones. I remember very distinctly of his telling me five years
ago that he owned two farms. That was in the days of the recon-
centration, when he was claiming he was not permitted to operate
these farms.
Mr. Sleeper. That may be.
Mr. Jones. I wanted to know if those farms were near the land
that had been leased to him?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not see how they could be.
Mr. Jones. I imagine not, from the character of the land, because
I understood these lands were fertile valuable lands.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Those are the only questions I wanted to ask, Mr.
Chairman.
The Chairman. Will you tell us the details of the sale or lease, or
whatever it was, of lands to Mr. E. L. Worcester. In the first place,
were those friar lands or public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. E. L. Worcester made application to purchase,
or to lease, rather, a tract of land in the province of Nueva Ecija.
The Chairman. Any friar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper, No, sir.
The Chairman. Go on and tell us about that.
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Worcester made a regular application on the
forms, prepared for the purpose, to lease a tract of land in the Barrio
of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Province of Nueva Ecija,
consisting of 988 hectares and two ares, and submitting a sketch plan
of the land he desired. The application is here present. The applica-
tion was acted upon in the regular manner as prescribed by the
general land act.
Mr. Douglas. May I see the form of that lease, if you are not
going to use it immediately?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The document was handed to Mr. Douglas by the witness.)
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 305
(The paper referred to is as follows:)
Lea BE No. 8.
[Form No. ]1.— (Modelo No. 11.)— Eoc-cna.]
The Government of the Philippine Islands.
El Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas.
Department of the Interior,
Departamento del Interior.
Bureau of Lands.
Oficina de Terrenos.
lease application.
soLicTTrD de arrendamiento.
(By an Individual.)
(Por iin Indivivliio.)
Bureau of Lands No. 65. Local Land Office No
Oficina de Terrenes No. Oficina Local de Terrenos No.
1. The undersigned hereby makes application under the provisions of Chapter III
1. For la presente solicita el infrascrito, bajo las disposiciones del Capitulo III de la Ley de Terrenos
of the public land act No. 926 to lease for the period of years, the following
del Estado No. 926 arrendar por el periodo de aiios, el torreno que 4
tract of land, viz (give as accurate a description as possible, showing boundaries of
continuaci6n se describe (dar alii una descripci6n tan exacta como sea posible, manifcstando
land, having reference to natural objects and permanent monuments, if any):
los limites del torreno. haciendo referenda k los objetos naturales y monumentos permanentes si los
hubiere):
The point farthest south is about one and one-half miles from the Rio Grande at a
point known as Camandag. The surrounding land is public land or public forest.
From starting point to northeast corner, land lies near creek, Mudcong, or near
woods bordering the same. No barrio or houses on or near this land
situate in the barrio of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, island of Luzon,
sito en el Barrio de Municipio de Isla de
province of Nueva Ecija, Philippine Islands, and containing an area of 988 liectares,
Provincia de Islas Filipinas, que comprende una extensi6n superficial de hect/ireas,
2 ares, and cen tares; said tract being as nearly as practicable rectangular in
areas, y centidreas; siendo dicho terreno en cuanto sea posible de forma rectangular
shape and not more than 800 meters in length, as indicated by the accompanying
a 800 metros de largo, segun se halla trazado en el ad junto croquis.
rough sketch.
2. To show that the qualifications required by law are possessed by the applicant,
2. Para que conste que reune el solicitante las condiciones que exige la ley,
the following statement of facts is submitted:
se expone lo siguiente:
3. My name is E. L. Worcester; my age is years; the place of my birth
3. Mynombrees tengo afiosdeedad; naci en
was ; I am a citizen of ; and my post-office address is Cabanatuan, Nueva
soy ciudadano de * y mi direccidn postal es
Ecija.
4. I have been upon and examined the land applied for, and it contains no
4. He estado en el terreno objeto de la presente solicitud y lo he reconocido, y no existen en (i\
improvements or indications of settlement or cultivation, and to the best of my
mejoras ni indicios de residencia ni occupaci6n, y segiin mi leal saber, en tender y creencia, es ter-
knowledge, information, and belief the land is unoccupied, unreserved, unappropri-
reno agricola del Estado, no ocupado, ni reservado, ni apropiado, que no contiene mineral es ni
ated, nonmineral agricultural public land; contains no deposits of coal or salts, and
dep6sitos de carb6n ni sales, y se presta m^s para fines agricolas que para los forestales \i otros.
is more valuable for agricultural than forestry or other purposes.
306
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
5. If I am awarded a lease of the land I will reimburse the Government the cost
5. En caso de que se me adjudicaire el terreno en arrendamiento, reeinbolsar6 al Gobierno los
of survey, and I will sign and execute a contract of lease for said land containing the
gastos de la medici6n, y firmar^ y otorgar6 un contrato de arrendamiento de dicho terreno, reuniendo
provisions and conditions required and provided by law and bv the rules and regu-
dicho contrato las disposiciones y condiciones que exige y provee tanto la ley como las reglas y
lations governing the leasing of agricultural public lands,
reglamentos que tratan del arrendamiento de terrenos agricolas del Estado.
E. L. WORCESTEB.
(Signature of applicant.)
(Firma del solicitante.)
Affidavit.
DeclaraciOn Jurada.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
ISLAS FILiriNAS.
Province of
Provincia de
Municipality of
Municipio de
6. I, , the person making this application,
6. Yo, la persona que presento esta solicitud,
first being duly sworn, upon mj oath depose and say: That I have read or have had
revio juramento en debida forma, bajo juramento depongo y digo: Que he leido li oido leer
read to me and thoroughly understand the foregoing application; that I signed said
la anterior solicitud y la entiendo perfectamente; que firm6 dicha
application and this affidavit in the presence of the officer who administered the oath;
solicitud y esta declaraci6n jurada en presencia del funcionario ante quicn presto juramento; y
that each and every statement in said application is true and correct. So help me God.
que cuanto expongo en aquella es cierto. Asi Dios me ayude.
7. Before me, at the place aforesaid, on this day of , 190.., personally
7. Ante mi en el mencionado lugar, hoy compareci6
appeared , pernonally known to me to be the person whose name appears in
personalmente que me consta ser la persona cuyo nombre y apellido aparecen en la anterior
the foregoing application, and in my presence he signed the said application and
solicitud, y en mi presencia firm6 dicha solicitud, y
subscribed and swore to this affidavit.
suscribi6 y jur6 la presente declaracidn.
8. The affiant exhibited to me his Cedula, which was No , issued at ,
8. El deponente me exhibi6 su cMula personal, No expedida en
on the
el dia
day of , 190. ., which showed him at the date of said Cedula to be
de de 190 , en la cual consta que, d la fecha de la misma, tenia.
years of age, and a native of
alios de edad, siendo natural de
To all of which I certify.
De todo lo cual doy fe.
Here attach a
20-centavo
documentary
stamp.
Fljese aqui un
sello documentario
de A 20
centavos.
(Officer authorized to administer oaths.)
(Funcionario facultado para tomar juramentos.)
(Official title.)
(Empleo oficial.)
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
PUBLIC LAND.
307
2288.79 m.
2911.25 m.
6600.00 m.
2800.00 m.
%
i
400 m.
800 m.
400 m.
1600 m.
PUBLIC LAND.
NOTICE TO APPLICANTS.
Executive Order 1 The Government of the Philippine Islands,
> Executive Bureau,
No. 31. J Manila, June 29, 1906.
Ttie attention of all concerned is invited to the following resolution, adopted
by the Philippine Commission on June twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred and six :
" Whereas it is believed that there are in the Philippine Islands many persons
neither able properly to prepare applications for public land nor to pay for
having such work performed; and
" Whereas it is believed to be for the best interests of all concerned that such
persons be assisted in preparing their applications to enter public land : Now,
therefore,
" Be it resolved. That municipal secretaries shall hereafter be required, in
addition to their other duties, to prepare, without charge, applications for public
land in all cases where the application has reference to land located w^ithin the
municipality, on the form printed for such purpose, for all persons who are
unable to prepare such form."
All municipal secretaries are hereby required to comply with the foregoing
resolution.
Henry C. Ide,
Governor General.
aviso jL LOS SOLICITANTES.
Orden EjecutivaI
No. 31. J
Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas,
Oficina Ejecutiva,
Manila, 29 de Junto de 1906,
Se llama la atenci6n de todos los interesados sob re la siguiente resoluci6ii
adoptada por la Comisi6n de Filipinas el veintiseis de Junto de mil novecientos
seis :
" Por cuanto, se cree que hay en las Islas Filipinas muchas personas que
no pueden preparar debidamente las solicitudes para terrenes del Estado, nl
pagar a otra persona para que se encargue de hacer dlcho trabajo, y
" Por cuanto, se cree que redundarla en el mejor interes de todos los inter-
esados que se ayudara a dichas personas en la preparacion de sus solicitudes
para registrar dichos terrenes: Por lo tanto,
" Se resuelve. Que en lo sucesivo se exija k los secretaries municipales que
ademds de sus otros deberes, preparen, en el modelo impreso al efecto, sin
derechos, las solicitudes de terrenes del Estado, por todas las personas que no
308 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
puedan redactarlas en dicho modelo, en todos los casos en que los refer! dos
terrenos se hallen situados dentro del municipio."
Por la presente se exige que todos los secretarios municipales cumplan eon
la anterior resoluci6n.
Henry C. Ide,
Qohernador General.
[First indorsement.]
The Government of the Philippine Islands,
Department of the Interior,
BagulO, March 15, 1909.
Respectfully returned to the director of lands, through the honorable the
Governor General.
In view of the fact that the lessee in this instance is a nephev^ of the secre-
tary of the interior, the fact of the issuance of this lease is called to the at-
tention of the Governor General so that no claim may ever be made that due
publicity did not attach to it.
The rental charged is that which has been charged invariably for public
land of similar character.
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
[Second indorsement.]
The Government of the Philippine Islands,
Executive Bureau,
Manila, March 22, 1909.
Respectfully returned to the director of lands ; contents noted.
James F. Smith,
Governor General.
Mr. SiJ^EPER. The inspector from the bureau of lands was sent to
the land to make an inspection, and made a report.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that report?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Will you present that to the stenographer, so it
may go in the record at this point?
IVIr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The report referred to is in the words and figures following, to
wit:)
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Manila, December 22, 1908.
The Director Bureau of Lands.
Sir : In compliance-with your instructions of the 1st instant, I visited the land
applied for by E. L. Worcester (lease application No. 65) for the purpose of
appraising same.
The land is situated approximately 12 miles in a northeast direction from
Cabanuatuan, in the barrio of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Province
of Nueva Ecija. The southern limit of the land is about a mile from the Rio
Grande de Pampanga, and extends in a northerly direction for a distance of
9,300 meters, with a width of 800 to 1,600 meters. The land is open, with a
few scattered trees and ant hills, and slopes gradually from the northern
to the southern limit, being crossed by numerous arroyos of shallow depth.
The land is thinly covered with a short grass, showing that the soil is of a
very indifferent quality. The soil of the northern part is of sandy nature,
with gravel base a short distance below. The soil near the southern limit is
some richer, due no doubt to the surface soil having been washed down from
the upper slopes. However, even the best soil is of very poor class, and will
require a large expenditure of labor and money to build it to a productive point.
At the present time there is no habitation, excepting the barrio composed of
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 309
laborers employed by Mr. Worcester and liis own home, wtihin 5 miles of the
land.
As there is a large quantity of Government land in this vicinity, the estab-
lishment of Mr. Worcester will be a stimulant to induce others to take up
adjoining land and thereby build up the country.
In view of poor condition of soil and conditions attending the establishment
of a new colony in a remote district, that the minimum rate of 10 pesos per hec-
tare be the appraisement of this land.
Very respectfully, F. R. Clute,
Inspector, Bureau of Lands.
Mr. Sleeper. The land was passed upon as to its character, whether
forestal or agricultural, or whether more valuable for agriculture
than forestry, in the regular manner. That report is also here.
The Chairman. You may pass that report to the stenographer to
be inserted in the record at this point.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The report referred to is in the words and figures following,
to wit:)
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Manila, Baguio, April 21, 1908.
The Director of Forestry.
Sir : 1 have the honor to advise you that E. L. Worcester, whose post-office
address is Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, has made application to this bureau to
lease the following-described tract of land, viz :
Starting at a stake about twenty-five meters south of cart road from Cabana-
tuan to Cabucbucan at the point known as *' Mataas na Cahoy," about ten
miles from Cabanatuan running north 2.800 meters to stake; thence east 800
meters to stake; thence north 400 meters to stake near stream Mudoong;
thence east 800 meters to stake; thence south 2,000 meters to stake; thence
west 400 meters to stake; thence south 5,600 meters to stake; thence southwest
1,610 meters to stake; thence northwest 1,501 meters to stake; thence north
2,330 meters to stake; thence east 400 meters to stake; thence north 2,870 to
point started from.
The point farthest south is about one and one-half miles from the Rio Grande
at a point known as Camandag. The surrounding land is public land or imblic
forest. From starting point to northeast corner, land lies near creek, Mudcong,
or near w^oods bordering the same. No barrio or houses on or near this land.
The directions above given, as well as the measurements are approximate only,
situate in the barrio of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Island of
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Philippine Islands, containing an area of 988
hectares, 2 ares.
This description is copied from the application, and I am advised that the
land is prima facie subject to entry under the law. Therefore, in accordance
with section 26 of the public-land act, No. 926, I request a certificate from you
as to whether yon deem the land more valuable for forest than for agricul-
tural uses.
Very respectfully, C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
Application No. 65.
certificate of forestry bureau.
I hereby certify that I have had an investigation made as to the character
of the above-described tract of land, and that from such investigation I find,
and therefore hereby further certify, that said tract of land is more valuable
for agricultural than for forest purposes.
This certification is made under the provisions of section 18 of the act of
Congress of July 1, 1902, and of the above-cited section of the public-land act.
Dated, Manila, May 14, 1908.
Amos G. Bellis,
Acting Director of Forestry,
310 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Prior to the submission of this lease application to
the secretary of the interior he had in conversation with me stated
that his nephew had made an application to lease some public land,
and that he did not desire to act on that lease on account of the
relationship existing, and suggested that T submit it to the Governor
Greneral for his action. I looked over the matter, and it seemed to
me it was compulsory that the secretary of the interior under the
law should act on that lease, and I therefore forwarded the matter
to the private secretary of Mr. Worcester, secretary of the interior,
inviting his attention to that fact.
The Chairman. Have you that letter?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Hand that letter to the stenographer to be in-
serted in the record at this point.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The letter referred to is in the words and figures following^
to wit:)
Department of the Interioe, Bureau of Lands,
Manila, March 13, 1909.
Dear Mr. Zinn : The inclosed is a report on the lease application of Mr. Wor-
cester's nephew, and Mr. Worcester desired me to invite his attention to this
report so thnt he mi,2;ht have the Governor General approve it, hut nnder the
provisions of section 26 of Act 926, it appears to be the duty of the Secretary
of the Interior to act on same, so I send this memorandum to you for your con-
sideration.
C. W. Sleeper, Director of LamU.
Mr. Sleeper. I then forwarded to the secretary of the interior at
the same time the regular form of presenting such applications for
leases of public lands to him.
The Chairman. Is that the form you have already handed to the
stenographer?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; that is another form.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that form to which you now
refer, which you will hand to the stenographer to go into the record
at this point ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
This form consists, however, of the valuation of the land and the
lease rate, which was the minimum rate.
(The document referred to is in the words and figures following,
to wit:)
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Lands,
Manila, March 12, 1909.
The honorable the Secretary of the Interior, Manila, P. /.
Sir: In accordance with section 26, act No. 926, I have the honor to state
that I have examined the application of E. L. Worcester, of Cabanatuan, Nneva
Ecija, to lease 977 hectares, 38 ares, and 3 centares of public land situated in
the sitio of Mataas na Cahoy, barrio of Cabucbucan, Province of Nueva Ecija.
and have determined therefrom and from the certificate of the director of
forestry as to the character of the land, that the applicant is entitled to lease
the land in question, which appears to be unoccupied, unappropriated, unre-
served, nonmineral, agricultural public land.
The land applied for has been appraised at ^0.00 per hectare, in accordance
with section 27 of the public-land act, and should therefore be leased at the
rate of fifty centavos per hectare per annum.
Very respecfuUy, J. H. Sleeper,
L. A. 65. Director of La/nds.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 311
The DiBECTOR OF Lands, Manila.
Sir: You findings in the above-entitled application to lease public lands are
hereby approved, and you are directed to proceed with the lease as provided
in Chapter III of the public-land act.
Very respectfully, Dean O. Worcester.
Manila, P. I., March 15, 1909.
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Worcester approved and returned the documents
through the honorable Governor General in these words, inviting his
attention to the matter and saying:
In view of the fact that the lessee in this instance is a nephew of the Secre-
tary of the Interior, the fact of the issuance of this lease is called to the at-
tention of the Governor General so that no claim may ever be made that due
publicity did not attach to it.
The rental charged is that which has been charged \nvariably for public
land of similar character.
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
This was then foi^'^arded to my office by the Governor General^
with the following indorsement :
Respectfully returned to the director of lands ; contents noted.
The lease was accordingly issued.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not ; no, sir. I thought it was here with other
public-land leases, but I find that there were nine public-land leases
that were not put in my files when I left there. I can cable and
have those forwarded on right here.
The Chairman. You will have them forwarded ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Can you tell us whether or not, now, that lease
contained any special features?
Mr. Sleeper. It did not. It was made out on the regular form of
lease, a copy of which I have here, and was just exactly the same as
other leases to individuals.
The Chairman. Have you put in the record that form of lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not; no, sir.
The Chairman. Will you hand that to the stenographer now, to
be inserted in the record at this point?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The form of lease referred to is in the words and figures follow-
ing, to wit:)
B. L. Form No. 54.
United States of America.
ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AM]6rICA.
Government of the Philippine Islands
gobierno de las islas filipinas.
lease,
contrato de arrendamiento.
Lease No
Coiitrato de Arrendamiento No.
Bureau of Lands No
Oficina de Terrenos No.
This lease made and entered into, in duplicate, this day of ,19 , by and
Este contrato otorgado por duplicado, hoy dia de entre
between , Director of Lands, acting herein for and on behalf of the Govern-
Director de Terrenos, en nombre y representaci6n del Gobiorno de las
312 ADMIN ISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
merit of the Phillipine Islands, as authorized by the provisions of section 70 of act
Islas Filipiiias por virtud de la autorizaci6n que le conceden las disposiciones del articulo 70 de la Ley
numbered 926 of the PhiHppine Comtaission, as amended by act numbered 979,
No. 926 de la Comisldn de Fillpinas, reformada por la Ley No. 979, y
and authorized to execute this lease by the provisions of act numbered 1525 of the
autorizado por las disposiciones de la Ley No. 1525 de la
Philippine Commission, hereinafter known as the party of the first part, and ,
misma Comision para otorgar este contra to, en el cual se le designard en lo sucesivo comoprimera parte,
hereinafter known as the part of the second part —
y ^ quien se designara como segunda parte.
Witnesseth: That the party of the first part, for and in consideration of the
Hace constar: Que la primera parte, en consideraci6n d los
rents, covenants, and agreements hereinafter contained, to be paid, kept, and
acquileres, convenios y estipulaciones aqui consignados y que ban de pagarse, observarse y
performed by the part of the second part, has demised, leased, and let, and does
cumplirse por la segunda parte, dd en arrendamiento 6 6sta los
hereby demise, lease, and let, unto the said part of the second part the following
siguientes
lands, with the appurtenances thereunto of right belonging, lying and being in the
terrenos, con sus pertenencias, sitos en el
barrio of , Municipality of , Province of , Philippine Islands, being
barrio de Municipio de Provincia de Islas Filipinas, cuyos terrenos
a portion of the public domain, the property of said Government, and described as
soiu de dominlo publico y propiedad de dicho Gobierno y se describen como sigue
follows, to wit: and containing an area of hectares, ares,
comprendiendo una extensi6n superficial de hectdreas, Areas,
and centares, according to the official plat of the survey thereof on file in the
y centidreas, de acuerdo con el piano oficial de la medici6n de los mismos, archivado en
Bureau of Lands, Manila;
la Oficlna de Terrenos en Manila;
To have and to hold the said described premises unto the said part of
Para que la segunda parte posea dichosj terrenos
the second part for the full term of years from and including the
por el t^rmino de afios d contar desde el dia
day of , 19 , at a yearly rental of pesos, PhiHppine currency,
de inclusive, por el alquiler anual de pesos en moneda de Filipinas,
{T' ) to be paid annually, on the day of in each and every year
que se habrd de pagar anualmente el dia de de cada afio, mientras
during the continuance of said term, at the Office of the Bureau of Lands, Manila,
dure el plazo de este contrato, en la Oficina de Terrenos del estado en Manila, 6 al
or to the Provincial Treasurer of the Province of
Tesorero Provincial de la Provincia de
That the said part of the second part hereby covenant to and with
Que la segunda parte conviene por el presente con la
the said party of the first part to pay the said rent to the said party of the first
primera parte en pagar ^ data, 6 A au
part, his successor or duly authorized agent, at the time and in the manner herein
sucesor 6 representante debidameute autorizado, dicho alquiler en la 6poca y de la manera en el pre
set forth.
sente documento consignadas.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 313
It is specially covenanted that the said part of the second part shall not
Queda especial mente convenido que la seguiida parte no
sublet the whole or any part of the premises herein described, or assign this lease,
subarrendar^ en todo ni en parte la propiedad aqul descrita, ni traspasar^ este contrato ti nadie,
without permission, in writing, of the party of the first part, and of the Secretary
sin previo permiso por escrito de la primera parte y del Secretario
of the Interior, first had and obtained; and it is expressly understood that this lease
de lo Interior, y se hace constar expresamente que este
shall terminate and expire on the day of , 19.., and that no presump-
arrendamiento expirard el dia de y que no se presumird
tion of renewal or continuation beyond that day can arise otherwise than as provided
renovado ni prorrogado mds all4 de dicho dia d no ser con arreglo A lo dispuesto en el articulo 28
in section 28 of said act numbered 926, as amended by act numbered 979. The part. . .
de la referida Ley No. 926 segiin est4 reformada por la Ley No. 979. La
of the second part hereby waive. . all right in this respect conferred by the provisions
segunda parte renuncia por el presente & todos los derechos que le conlieren las disposiciones del
of article 1566 of the civil code. The part of the second part hereby waives. . . all
articulo 1506 del Codigo Civil
rights to notice or demand for the payment of rent provided in section 80 of the
y las del articulo 80 del C6digo de Procedimiento Civil por lo que se refiere al requerimiento al pago de
Code of Civil Procedure, as well as all other periods of grace. The part of the
los alquileres, asi como d todo t^rmino de gracia. Asimismo renuncia la segunda parte A cualquier
second part hereby further waive any right may acquire under the
derecho que pudiera tener con arreglo 4 las disposiciones del articulo 1575 del C6digo Civil, A la
provisions of article 1575 of the Civil Code to any reduction of rent on account of
reducci6n de alquileres por motivo de pCrdidas 6 daiios sufridos por casos fortuitos extraordinarios €
any loss or damage suffered by reason of extraordinary unforeseen fortuitous events.
imprevistos.
The part of the second part fully understand and agree that the
Las segunda parte se dd por enterada y conviene en que quedan arrendados los
premises herein described are leased and demised subject to the provisions of
terrenos aqul descritos con sujeci6n 4 las disposiciones de los
sections 19, 50, and 51 of the Act of Congress of the United States entitled ''An Act
articulos 19, 50 y 41 de la Ley del Congreso de los Estados Unidos, titulada '• I/ey disponieudo
temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of Civil Government
provisionalmente la administracion de los asuntos del Gobierno Civil
in the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes," approved July 1, 1902, and
en las Islas Filipinas, y para otros fines," aprobada el l.o de Julio de 1902, y
of sections 28, 30, 31, 73, 74, 75, and 7' of the Public Land Act Numbered 926.
de los articulos 28, 30, 31, 73, 74, 75 y 76 de la Ley de Terrenos del Estado, No. 926.
And it is further covenanted and agreed by and between the parties hereto that,
Y queda adem^s pactado y convenido entre las partes otorgantes de este contrato que en el easo de
on default in the payment of rent, or a breach of any of the covenants herein, by
que la segunda parte dejare de pagar los alquileres en cualqueira de las 6pocas fijadas, 6 infringiera
the said part of the second part, the said party of the first part may elect to
cualquiera de las cldiisulas de este instrumento, podrA la primera parte declarar caducado y rcscin-
declare this lease forfeited and void, and, after having given days' notice in
dido este contrato, y, despu^s de avisar por escrito & la segunda parte con dlas de anticipa
writing to the said part of the second part, may enter and take possession of the said
ci6n tomar posesidn de los terrenos ftn cuesti6n, de los que la segunda parte le entregar^, la quietay-
premises, and said part of the second part hereby covenant and agree
pacifica posesi6n; y que los convenios, disposiciones, cliiusulas y condiciones de este contrato serdn
to give up the possession thereof; and that the covenants, provisions, clauses, and
obligatorios para el sucesor 6 sucesores de la primera parte y para los herederos, albaceas, adminis-
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 24
314 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
conditions of this lease shall extend to and be oinding upon the successor or suc-
tradores 6 reprcsentantes legales dela segunda parte.
cessors of the party of the first part, and to and upon the heirs, executors, adminis-
trators, or legal representatives of the part of the second part, and they are
legally bound thereby.
In witness whereof the said parties have hereunto set their hands.
En testimonio de lo cual ban firmado dichas partes el presente instrnmento de su puno y letra.
Signed and delivered in the presence of:
Firmado y otorgado en preseneia de:
Appiov€xl:
Aprobado:
Secretary of the Interior,
Secretarib de lo Interior.
Mr. Parsons. I asked for that regular form of lease yesterday,
and I would like to know whether these papers are to be put into the
record at the time I ask for them.
The Chx\irman. If they are produced in time they will be.
Mr. Parsons. I asked for that yesterday.
Mr. Sleeper. I thought it was the form of lease of friar lands you
asked for.
Mr. Parsons. You put in the form of lease of friar lands in your
testimony yesterday ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Did you say the lease to Mr. Worcester was made
in the precise form of the lease which you have just handed to the
stenographer to incorporate in the record?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. With no special or added feature whatever?
Mr. Sleeper. None whatever.
The Chairman. Can you state what the consideration was, the
annual rental ?
Mr. Sleeper. The minimum rental authorized by law, 50 centavos
per hectare per year.
The Chairman. What kind of land was it?
Mr. Sleeper. From the report of the inspector of my bureau it
was very ordinary land, poor land.
The Chairman. Will that appear from the report ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; that appears from his report. I have never
been on the land, but I think Mr. Worcester, the secretary of the
interior, has been.
The Chairman. How far is it from Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know, without finding out from the plat.
The Chairman. State, if you know, whether Mr. Worcester, the
secretary of the interior, has any interest in this land or in this lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I think he has no interest, absolutely none,
from what I know of it. It is between 80 and 100 miles from Manila,
I find.
The Chairman. How reached? By rail or water or wagon roads?
ADMIlSriSTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 315
Mr. Sleeper. By rail within 10 miles, I believe, and then overland
by horseback or walking, or by rail some distance, and then part way
by water up some large river.
^ The Chairman. Was there any improvement on these lands at the
time of the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Tlie Chairman. Do you know whether Mr. Worcester has put any
on since ?
Mr. Sleeper. I believe he has. I have seen him several times, and
he said he was making improvements there and trying to grow some
crops.
The Chairman. Is Mr. Worcester, the lessee, a resident of Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not think he is. I think he is a resident
of the Philippine Islands. I do not remember that he lived in
Manila.
The Chairman. That is all I desire to ask, I think. Have any of
the members of the committee any further questions?
Mr. Parsons. How much public land is there in that Province?
Mr. Sleeper. There is a large quantity; I could not say how much.
Mr. Parsons. Can you ascertain the figures and put them in the
record ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. How much public land there is and what occupied
land there is, is what I want to know.
Mr. Sleeper. No; I can not give the occupied land. I can give
the estimated area of public land in that Province, which is very
large.
Mr. Parsons. You can give us also the total area of land, can you ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir,
Mr. Parsons. How long did this lease run ?
Mr. Sleeper. Twenty-five years.
Mr. Parsons. Upon what authority of law was the lease for that
length of time granted ?
Mr. Douglas. Section 28, Mr. Sleeper.
Mr. Sleeper. Under the provisions of chapter 3 of the public-
land act.
The Chairman. When you say "public-land law," do you mean
the law passed by the Philippine legislative body?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; section 28 of chapter 3 of the public-land
act of the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Madison. Eead that provision.
Mr. Sleeper. It is as follows :
Leases hereunder shaU run for a period of not more than twenty-five years,
but may be renewed for a second period of twenty-five years, at a nUe to be
fixed as above indicated, which rate shall not be less than fifty centavos per
hectare and shall not exceed one peso and fifty centavos, Philippine currency,
per hectare. Land leased hereunder shall not be assigned or sublet without
the consent of the chief of the bureau of public lands and the secretary of the
interior.
Mr. Douglas. In that same connection, also read section 27.
Mr. Sleeper. It is as follows:
The rate per hectare per annum for lands leased under this chapter shall
be fixed by the chief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of the
316 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
secretary of the interior, and shall in no case be less than fifty centavos,
Philippine currency, per hectare per annum. Said rent shall be pnid yearly
in advance, the first payment being deposited with the chief of the bureau of
public lands before the delivery of the lease.
Mr. Douglas. Now read section 22.
Mr. Sleeper. Section 22 reads as follows:
Any citizen of the United States or of the Philippine Islands, or of any
insular possession of the United States, or any corporation or association of
persons organized under the laws of the Philippine Islands, or of the United
States, or of any State, Territory, or insular possession thereof, authorized by
the laws of its creation and by the laws of the Philippine Islands, and the
acts of Congress api)licable thereto, to transact business in the Philippine
Islands may lease any tract of unoccupied, unreserved, nonmineral agricultural
public lands, as defined by sections eighteen and twenty of the act of Congress
approved July 1st, nineteen hundred and two, providing a temporary govern-
ment for the Philippine Islands, etc., not exceeding one thousand and twenty-
four hectares, by proceeding as hereinafter in this chapter indicated, pro-
vided that no lease shall be permitted to interfere with any prior claim by
settlement and occupation until tlie consent of the occupant or settler is first
had and obtained, or until such claim shall be legally extinguished: And pro-
vided further, That no corporation or association of persons shall be per-
mitted to lease lands liereunder which are not reasonably necessary to enable
it to carry on the business for which it was lawfully created, and which it may
lawfully pursue in the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Douglas. How many acres did you say were included in the
Worcester lease?
Mr. Sleeper. It is 977 hectares. I was lookin;^ for the actual
figures in acres, which are 2,443.46 acres.
Mr. Douglas. I noticed that in Dean C. Worcester's report, but I
could not make it quite that. You say it is 977 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Yes; that is right. How many acres, computed in
acres, were the 1,024 hectares authorized?
Mr. Sleeper. Two thousand five hundred acres.
Mr. Douglas. So this was less than the legal requirement?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; this was within the legal limit.
Mr. Douglas. What failure was there on the part of the secretary
of the interior, that you are aware of, to give publicity to this
matter? Was there any attempt, so far as you could see or that you
know of, to make any concealment about this lease to E. L. Worcester ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; before I had submitted the papers to him
for his consideration.
Mr. Douglas. I put the question both ways, as to what attempt
was made to conceal it and what attempt was made to give publicity
to it?
Mr. Sleeper. There was no attempt to conceal anything. On the
other hand, Mr. Worcester advised me that he did not desire to act
on these papers.
Mr. Douglas. It was called to the attention of the governor
general ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Was there any publicity?
Mr. Sleeper. Kg more than the regular form of lease.
Mr. Parsons. The regular form of lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Parsons. Is that lease recorded?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; it is recorded and advertised.
ADMTNISTKATION OF PHILTPPINE LANDS. 317
Mr. Douglas. Advertised?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; we advertise it under the provisions of the
law.
Mr. Parsons. What is that advertising?
Mr. Douglas. What is that provision of law for making adver-
tisements?
Mr. Sleeper. I am not sure about that.
The Chairman. In what manner was this particular lease adver-
tised?
Mr. Sleeper. No; the leases are not advertised. They are for-
warded to the Forestry Bureau, the chief of which determines the
character of the land, whether forestal or more valuable for agri-
culture,
Mr. Parsons. Is that before they are granted?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is before they are granted; before we
consider the application to lease.
Mr. Parsons. But there is no advertisement?
Mr. Sleeper. No; not of leased lands. All public lands sold are
advertised.
Mr. Parsons. Was it known there that Mr. Worcester had leased
these lands?
Mr. Sleeper. In Manila?
Mr. Parsons. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. Publicly known?
Mr. Parsons. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Parsons. What was the date of the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. April 20, 1908, I think it was. I have not the lease
here, but judging from these documents it was issued sometin^e be-
tween April 20 and the last of April. The application was posted
on the bulletin board in my bureau also for this lease.
Mr. Parsons. How long was it posted there ?
Mr. Sleeper. From May 15, 1908, to July 2.
Mr. Parsons. July 2, 1908 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Is that bulletin board in a public place?
Mr, Sleeper. It is the regular bulletin board of the bureau; 3^es, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Is it required by law that it should be posted there?
Mr. Sleeper. I thought it was, but I do not find it here.
The Chairman. Had you advertised this lease?
Mr. Sleeper. We publish them on the bulletin boards.
The Chairman. Were there any other applicants for that land ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Who is Mr. Worcester, in addition to being a nephew
of the Secretary of the Interior?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Parsons. What business is he engaged in out there ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Parsons. How long has he been in the Philippines?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know that.
Mr. Madison. Did you ever meet him personally ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Worcester?
Mr. Madison. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I have met him two or three times.
318 ADMmiSTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Madison. Do you know where he lives?
Mr. Sleeper. He lives up on this land, I believe.
Mr. Madison. He resides there now ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Do you know where he was residing before he took
the land ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not. I do not know where he was residing.
Mr. Madison. Did you meet him before he took the land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. He was in my office, I believe, before he
took the land.
Mr. Madison. How old a man is he ?
Mr. Sleeper. Thirty-five, I should think.
Mr. Madison. Do you know how he came to go to the Philippines ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Do you know, whether or not he resides with or is
connected in anywise, except by relationship, with the Secretary of
the Interior?
Mr. Sleeper. He does not reside with him ; I knoAv that.
Mr. Madison. Has he any business relations with him that you
know of?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. Is he a married man?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Were you ever at his home ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. He is a man you personally know very little about?
Mr. Sleeper. I have just met him on two or three occasions.
Mr. Madison. You say the land you leased to him was poor land ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what the report of the inspector sent up there
to examine and inspect it would show.
Mr. Madison. Who was the inspector?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Clute,
Mr. Madison. How many inspectors have you in your bureau ?
Mr. Sleeper. Four or five at the present time.
Mr. Madison. Are they all Americans?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. How many Americans nnd how mauA^ Filipinos?
Mr. Sleeper. I have one American inspector now. Mr. Chile
has been promoted. I have three Filipinos who do that work, who
are regularly employed — that is, two of them are regularly employed,
and one only occasionally.
Mr. Madison. Were you ever on this land yourse,lf ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. You know nothing about its character, except as
reported by this inspector?
Mr. Si^eper. That is all.
Mr. Madison. Do you know for what purpose it is best adapted?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. You know nothing about that?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. What is usually raised in that province?
Mr. Sleeper. That is a good rice province, so far as I know. That
is about the principal crop they raise there.
Mr. Madison. You say, then, that this is probably rice land?
ADMINISTEATlOlsr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 319
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is not all probably rice land from the in-
spector's report. It shows some of it is high land, and other as 1oa\
land on the slopes down to the river.
Mr. Madison. How much is rice land, if you know, from the in-
spector's report, and how much is nonrice land?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Madison. Does not the report show that?
Mr. Sleeper. Shall I read this report?
Mr. Madison. No.
Mr. Sleeper. The land is open, with a few scattered trees and ant
hills, and slopes gradually from the northern to the southern limit,
being crossed by numerous arroyos of shallow depth. It is thinly
covered with a short grass, showing that the soil is a very indifferent
quality. The soil of the northern part is of sandy nature with gravel
base a short distance below. The soil near the southern limit is
some richer, due, no doubt, to the surface soil having been washed
down from the steper slopes. However, even the best soil is of
very poor class and will require a large expenditure of labor and
money to build it to a producing point.
Mr. Madison. Was there a house on the land at the time he
leased it?
Mr. Douglas. The application says not; I do not know what the
facts are.
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Clute said that at that time there was no habita-
tion, excepting the barrio composed of laborers employed by
Mr. Worcester and his own home, within five miles of the land.
Mr. Douglas. What is a barrio?
Mr. Sleeper. A small collection of houses, two or three sometimes,
and sometimes a dozen or twenty.
Mr. Madison. Do you know or not, since the leasing of this land,
the fact of the making of the lease has become geneially knoAvn in
Manila and thereabouts?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. You may state whether or not there has been any
protest on the part of the native people or others with regard to
making this lease.
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. Have you heard of any claims on the part of any
one that there was anything unfair or partial about the making of
this lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I think not.
Mr. Madison. Has there been any criticism of the governor general
or the Secretary of the Interior because of the making of the lease,
because of the fact of relationship between the lessee and the Secre-
tary of the Interior?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; not to my knowledge.
Mr. Madison. You have not heard that any such thing has
occurred ?
Mr. Sleeper. I may have heard somebody say something about it
or ask about it, but I do not think it is anything public, except per-
haps in relation with other Martin charges. Newspaper articles per-
haps have mentioned it in connection with the friar-land matter.
Mr. Madison. It is apparent that the man E. L. Worcester is a
nephew of the Secretary of the Interior. Has the fact that such a
320 ADMIN ISTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
lease was made been the subject of comment, either adverse or other-
wise, either before or after the making of Mr. Martin's speech in
Congress ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think there has been something in the press about
it since Mr. Martin's speech.
Mr. Madison. Has the criticism been adverse or otherwise?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember.
Mr. Madison. You do not know about that?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Have there come to you any protests or criticisms
l>ecause of the making of this lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. None whatever ?
Mr. Sleeper. None whatever.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Chairman, that is all I care to ask.
Mr, Helm. Are there any enterprises in that locality or vicinity
where this land is, where this lease has been made ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; except this one farming industry — is that
what you mean ?
Mr. Helm. Yes; any adjacent there?
Mr. Slp]eper. There has been some inquiry in regard to adjacent
lands by other applicants who want to go up there.
Mr. Helm. What particular enterprise?
Mr. Sleeper. There was a man by the name of Miller who applied
to me informally one time for a tract of land up somewhere near Mr.
Worcester's, and I think there have been one or two Filipinos who
have also been inquiring about land in that vicinity.
Mr. Helm. With any particular purpose in view?
Mr. Sleeper. They wanted to get a tract of land, that is all, for
farming purposes.
Mr. Helm. I understood you to say there are no farming enter-
prises in progress near there?
Mr. Sleeper. So far as I know, there is nobody who has leased or
applied for a lease there yet, but they evidently see Mr. Worcester is
cultivating some land there, and think it is a good place to get in.
Mr. Helm. How far is this land from any enterprise that is in
contemplation by investors or speculators?
Mr. Sleeper. I think right alongside of it. I think Mr. Miller
asked for some land right alongside of it.
Mr. Helm. Who is Mr. Miller?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is an employe in the Bureau of Agricul-
ture. T think he told me he had practically given it up. He could
not afford to go out there.
Mr. Helm. Are there any sugar interests in this locality?
Mr. Sleeper. None that I know of; no, sir.
Mr. Jones. Does this land lie upon a navigable stream?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I think it is — that is, it is a stream that is
navigable at certain periods of the year, so I understand, when the
water is up.
Mr. Jones. ^Vhat is the name of this stream ?
Mr. Douglas. Is it not the Kio Grande ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, the Rio Grande.
Mr. Parsons. Is that a tributary of the Pampanga ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 321
Mr. SiJEEPER. I thiink the Eio Grande de la Pampanga is the name
of the river.
Mr. Jones. Do you know of any public land — and I include in that
term the friar lands — that have been leased or sold to any other
person named Worcester, other than E. L. Worcester?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. There has been some statement that there was a man
named George S. or George Q. Worcester who had obtained some
150 acres of public land. Do you know anything of any such trans-
action ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; Mr. Worcester talked about that — Mr.
George Worcester talked to me about that — but he has not come
through with it yet.
Mr. Jones. Has he made formal application ?
Mr. Sleeper. I am not sure whether he has or not. I think he
has, though.
Mr. Jones. You think he has ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he has. He has either made formal applica-
tion or has made application for survey, and I do not remember
which.
Mr. Jones. Who is this Mr. George Worcester ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is a brother of the Mr. Dean C. Worcester.
Mr. Jones. A brother of the secretary of the interior ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. What land has he applied for ?
Mr. Sleeper. I am not sure whether he has applied for any yet,
but if he has it is somewhere within this vicinity, but I do not know
just where; I have never seen the surveys and never seen the plats.
Mr. Jones. In the same Province?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. In the same neighborhood ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. I have the list of applications here Avith
me in Washington: all applications for leases up to the time avc left,
and that would show whether he had made that application or not.
Mr. Jones. Your opinion is he has either made application for the
land or for survey of the land preliminary to making application ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Preliminary to making application for the land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Is he a resident of the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I think he is.
Mr. Jones. How long has he resided there ?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions.
Mr. Parsons. Do you classify the public lands before you lease
them as you do the friar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not in the same manner. We send an inspector to go
over the lands and determine their approximate value, when we can
determine upon the rate to lease it or to sell it.
Mr. Parsons. But you do not classify it in different grades as you
do the friar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not in the same manner ; no, sir. It is a more gen-
eral classification.
322 ADMINrSTRATTON OF PlTtLTPPINE LAND^.
Mr. Madison. AVhnt relation is Mr. George Worcester to E. L.
Worcester ?
Mr. Sleepek. I suppose he is an uncle.
Mr. Madison. He might be his father?
Mr. Steeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. That is the reason I asked the question.
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Dean C. Worcester. I would like to get it straight in the
record — that he is his father.
Mr. Douglas. George is the father of E. L. ?
Mr. Dean C. Worcester. George is the father of E. L. ; yes.
Mr. Garrett. What is the limit of the amount of public lands that
can be leased to an individual?
Mr. Sleeper. Two thousand five hundred acres.
Mr. Garrett. And to a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. The same.
Mr. Douglas. Is there anything, Mr. Sleeper, in the neighborhood
in which Mr. E. L. Worcester's land is located, or the lease is located,
that makes it attractive as a home?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know ; I have never been up there. I would
say not, from my general know^ledge.
Mr. Douglas. It would be an agricultural enterprise for the man
who went there ?
Mr. Sleeper. Entirely so.
Mr. Parsons. How near is the railroad to that land?
Mr. Sleeper. My recollection is about 10 miles.
Mr. Parsons. It is one of the new lines projected in that direction?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. To what point?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is Cabanatuan.
Mr. Parsons. Has that been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. I have never been there. I know the railroad is
running to Cabanatuan. Whether that is the nearest point, I am
not certain.
Mr. Madison. Are provisions for forfeiture inserted in leases for
the friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. For the leases?
Mr. Madison. Yes; provision for forfeiture upon failure of the
lessee to carry out the provisions of the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. They are either included in the lease or the law pro-
vides for it, one or the other.
Mr. Madison. If they are generally inserted in the frair-land
leases, why did they happen to be omitted in this one of Mr. Car-
penter's ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the law provides for that, for the annulment
of the contract in the event of the nonfulfillment of the conditions.
Mr. Madison. Then, of course, it would be included in it, whether
it was written there or not. Could you tell us about it quickly ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I would have to look that up.
Mr. Hel*m. As to this railroad which you say extends within 10
miles, is there any proposition to build that or extend it on to this
land?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 323
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know that. I think not. I think the rail-
road goes in the other direction,
Mr. Helm. You say this is on a river?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. There is a river there.
Mr. Helm. Through this land ?
Mr. Sleeper. The river runs by one end of it, I think.
Mr. Helm. Is there anything in the location of the property that
makes this body of land particularly adapted to the handling of lum-
ber or timber by reason of that stream ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think not.
Mr. Garrett. Is there any proposition pending to construct a high-
way from the railroad to this land?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Garrett. Speaking of the law covering the forfeiture or pro-
viding for the annulment in the event of failure, that is a general law,
is it not ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. It applies to all alike ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; as I understand it.
Mr. Parsons. How do the railroads get the land for stations and
yards and terminals?
Mr. Sleeper. By purchase.
Mr. Parsons. Under what law do they get them?
Mr. Sleeper. I think they have special laws providing for the pur-
chase or condemnation of right of way.
Mr. Parsons. What limit is there to the amount of land they can
hold?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not remember the law on that subject.
Mr. Parsons. Do they make any application to your office?
Mr. Sleeper. For friar lands they do; for other lands they do not.
Mr. Parsons. Have they made application to your office for friar
lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; they have purchased some.
Mr. Parsons. How much ?
Mr. Sleeper. The Manila Railroad Co. are occupying 423.8 acres
on several of the estates, across several of the estates, as right of
way and switch rights of way and station grounds, and I think one
gravel pit.
Mr. Parsons. That is the total?
Mr. Sleeper. That is the total they are occupying. They have not
purchased it all, because we did not know at the time I left the price
which was the value provided by law which they were to pay. They
have made settlement for some of the lands on some of the estates,
and have received sale certificates for some, the same as other parties.
Mr. Parsons. How much have they applied for?
Mr. Sleeper. 423.8 acres; that is what they have asked for.
Mr. Davis. Do they purchase this land outright?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Davis. There is no system of leasing to tEem ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. They purchase under the same conditions as
other purchasers, except that they indemnify the former occupants
of the land, if any, for damages.
324 ADMINISTRATION OE PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Davis. Do they purchase it on deferred payments or all down ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think they have paid in cash so far for everything
they have purchased.
Mr. Parsons. When did you prepare your report for 1909?
Mr. Sleeper. In July and August.
Mr. Parsons. It is dated August 10, 1909?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Had it been prepared prior to that time?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Is that the date you transmitted it?
Mr. Sleeper. That is the date I signed it and forwarded it to the
Secretary.
Mr. Parsons. Is that the date you transmitted it ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is the date I signed it and forwarded it to the
Secretary.
Mr. Parsons. Have you your report for 1910 there?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. May I see it, please ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. You have not got it in printed form, have you ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. When was your report for 1910 prepared ?
Mr. Sleeper. The report was prepared immediately following the
receipt of the reports from the provinces ; usually in July and August.
Mr. Parsons. I would like to get straight in my mind why you
survey some of the Friar lands or Friar estates ahead of others ?
Mr. Sleeper. In the beginning, my office had very few surveyors.
In 1905, when I took possession, there were perhaps six or seven
altogether. There were two estates that had never been surveyed
by the engineering bureau of the Government there, and we did not
know their areas, and it was considered advisable that before the
Government got the deeds to these estates and paid for them, the
boundaries should be surveyed, and the first survey was therefore
made of the San Jose estate in Mindoro. The men were available,
and they were sent right down there. That survey was merely a
boundary survey to show what area of land was contained. But as
the surveyors were going down there it was considered also advis-
able at that time to make some kind of topographical survey to see
what was on the estate. That was really the first estate that was con-
sidered. Immediately thereafter they began surveys of some of the
other estates.
Mr. Parsons. That survey was completed on August 27, 1905.
was it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What was the other estate that you referred to?
Mr. Sleeper. No; that was not completed. The field work was
completed.
Mr. Parsons. When was the survey itself completed?
Mr. Sleeper. In 1906; May 31.
Mr. Parsons. What was the other estate to which you referred?
Mr. Sleeper. The next estate taken up, I think, was the Dampol
estate. I think the Dampol estate was the second estate taken up.
Mr. Parsons. Why was that taken up?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 325
Mr. Sleeper. We had some surveyors available, and that was one
of the estates we considered entirely occupied, and we thought it
best to begin with that estate.
Mr. Parsons. I understood you to say there were two estates as to
the boundaries of which you were not certain?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What was the other one of those?
Mr. Sleeper. The Isabela estate.
Mr. Parsons. The field work on that was completed June 13, 1907?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And the computations, and so on, were completed
July 9?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And the valuations February 16, 1909?
Mr. Sleeper. There was great difficulty in obtaining competent
surveyors at that time, and we sent the surveyors to the estates that
we thought were occupied and would be leased, rather than to the
estates that were vacant, and to some of the estates it was dangerous
to send surveyors at that time. In fact, they got into trouble later on
the Cavite estates.
As fast as we increased the number of surveyors we sent them out
to the different estates to begin work.
Mr. Parsons. Taking up these estates in your report for 1909,
which is House Document No. 914, under the item of final plans and
computations completed, I see at that time they had been completed
as to the Banilad and Binagbag estates, but only 49 per cent as to
the Binan. Why had not more been completed in regard to the
Binan ?
Mr. Sleeper. Lack of employees.
Mr. Parsons. When was the work on that started — or has that
since been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. That has been completed and sold.
Mr. Parsons. Nothing has been completed on the Calamba estate.
Why is that?
Mr. Sleeper. That estate was so sparsely occupied at that time
that w^e considered it one of the estates we could best leave for com-
putation until later.
Mr. Parsons. Has that yet been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and offered for sale.
Mr. Parsons. Dampol estate and Guiguinto estate have been com-
pleted, but nothing has been done on the Imus estate. Why was tliat ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the largest estate we had — the niost difficult
one — and the surveying party was longer in the field.
Mr. Parsons. Why?
Mr. Sleeper. On account of its area and the difficulties they had
down there. They were also delayed down there on account of con-
ditions.
Mr. Parsons. That is in Cavite?
Mr. Sleeper. That is in Cavite Province. The computation force
was not able to go ahead with the work and the legislature did not
see fit to give me office forcje enough to go ahead and push the com-
putation work through after the field work had been completed.
Mr. Parsons. The field work w^as completed in 1908 and the com-
putation has not yet been completed?
326 ADMTNISTKATIOiir OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and the estate was offered for sale last
month.
Mr. Parsons. The Isabela has been completed. The Lolomboy
estate has only been 49 per cent completed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Why is that ?
Mr. Sleeper. We had very great difficulty in the Lolomboy estate
in identifying the various holdings of the various individuals. It is
badly cut up, and the surveyors were delayed greatly in getting their
lines on the different holdings of different people and getting them
straightened out and identifying the properties belonging to each.
That delayed us somewhat on that estate.
Mr. Parsons. Eighty-seven per cent of that is completed, as I
understand ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The computations have been completed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; and it has been offered for sale.
Mr. Parsons. The Matamo estate, the Malinta estate, and the
Muntinlupa estate have all been completed. On the Naic estate only
19 per cent has been completed. Why was that?
Mr. Sleeper. That was in the office under computation, and we
did not have employees enough to push the work any faster.
Mr. Parsons. The field work was completed on November 1, 1907?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Have the computations now been completed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; and the estate has been offered for sale.
Mr. Parsons. The Orion estate has been completed. On the Pie-
dad nothing has been done.
Mr. Sleeper. At that time, no ; but since that time it has all been
completed as to the work.
Mr. Parsons. It has all been completed ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The San Jose de Mindoro estate has been completed;
also the San Marcus. The Santa Cruz de Malabon estate shows noth-
ing had been done. Why was that ?
Mr. Sleeper. You are reading the percentage of computations
completed, are you not?
Mr. Parsons. I am reading from your report for the year ending
June 30, 1909, with plans and descriptions completed.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Also from this statement on page 93 ?
Mr. Sleeper. The lack of employees.
Mr. Parsons. Have the computations been completed on that yet?
Mr. Sleeper. At that time?
Mr. Parsons. Now?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; they are all complete.
Mr. Parsons. The Santa Maria de Pandi, only 5 per cent has been
completed. Why is that?
Mr. Sleeper. That is another estate that joined the Lolomboy
estate, and was occupied by so many occupants who did not really
know where their lands were, and many of them lived away from
the estate or in Manila and delayed the surveys, and therefore the
final computations were delayed, coming in later than some of the
other estates.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 327
Mr. Parsons. Have the computations been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. And the estate was offered for sale last
month.
Mr. Parsons. The Santa Eosa has been completed? The Tala
estate, only 48 per cent has been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Why is that ?
Mr. Sleeper. We delayed that on account of the fact that it was
so sparsely occupied until Mr. Carpenter came in and took up the
unoccupied land, and then we went to work and completed it. It
has been offered for sale.
Mr. Parsons. All the work has been completed?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The Talisay-Minglanilla estate, only 7 per cent has
been completed. Why was that ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is a very difficult estate, a very large estate,
divided up into very small holdings. That was delayed as one
of the last until we had men available to put on the computations.
In fact, it is just about completed now, the computations, and the
sales data are being obtained. The classification committee is on
the estate now, and it will be probably a month and a half before
they are through.
Mr. Parsons. I would ask, Mr. Chairman, for the convenience of
the committee, that Capt. Sleeper prepare a table brought up to
date similar to that in this report at page 97 of the report of the
secretary of the interior.
The Chairman. You can do that, can you, Capt. Sleeper, and hand
it to the. stenographer or the clerk of the committee hereafter?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I can get that information. All the estates
have been completed as to field work, and the computations have
been completed, and only on one estate remains the valuation and
the beginning of sales.
Mr. Parsons. You will prepare such a statement?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I will prepare the data.
Mr. Parsons. Referring further to that report of yours for the
the year ending June 30, 1909, look at page 6 of that document. I
see the total receipts on the Isabela estate for the preceding fiscal
year were 1P311.24. Is that correct?
Mr. Sleeper. Isabela?
Mr. Parsons. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. How much do you say ?
Mr. Parsons. Thre hundred and eleven pesos, twenty-four cen-
tavos; is that correct?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The annual contracted receipts, excluding interest
and deferred payments, ^583.8.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And on the San Jose estate the total receipts were
^2,720 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And there were no annual contracted receipts?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The receipts on all 23 of the estates for that year
were 1P534,122.55 ?
328 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And the total current expenses for that year on all
23 estates, wliich included annual interest on purchase price at 4 per
cent, admiuistration, irrigation, maintenance and repairs, were
f=671, 784.77?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. And for the year prior to that, ^659,341.53?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. On page 8 of your report you say as to the San Jose
estate that it was formerly leased for the grazing of cattle, but the
cattle have been removed and no further receipts are expected. Why
have the cattle been removed ?
Mr. Sleeper. The friars did not care to pay us any more rent.
They thought they had some land that they could move onto, land
down south of the estate, and not pay any rent.
Mr. Parsons. Did the cattle belong to the friars?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. On page 9 of your report, you say :
The San Jose estate is imoccnpied and the Isabela estate has only a very
smaU number of tenants, so that it is probable that these estates will carry a
deficit until they are entirely disposed of.
Is that correct?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What are the " friar land loans? "
Mr. Sleeper. Those are loans to occupants of friar lands for the
purpose of assisting them to cultivate their lands.
Mr. Parsons. From what fund are they made ?
Mr. Sleeper. A special fund provided by the legislature, of the
Philippine Islands of 1^100,000.
Mr. Parsons. By appropriation?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; ^100,000 appropriated and set aside for that
purpose.
Mr. Parsons. On page 14 of that report you state as follows :
It is estimated that with the exception of the two estates unoccupied, as men-
tioned above, practically all of the available land on the other estates will be
disposed of either by sale or permanent leases during the coming year. It is
anticipated that the following estates will also be placed on sale during the
year : Tala, San Francisco de Malabon, Lolomboy, Naic, Binan and Fiedad.
Were those placed on sale during the following year ?
Mr. Sleeper. All except the Lolomboy and the Binan estates were
placed on sale during the next fiscal year. Those followed in the two
months following, July and August.
Mr. Parsons. Then the report says:
If the plans and descriptions of the other estates are ready they will also
be offered for sale, although it is doubtful if it will be possible to complete same
during the year, owing to the dearth of technical men for computations and the
completion of the plans and descriptions.
Were any of those other estates offered for sale during the next fiscal
year ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Have any of them been offered in the months since
the last fiscal year?
Mr. Sleeper. All of them have, except one.
Mr. Parsons. And that is which one?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 329
Mr. Sleeper. The Talisay Minglanilla estate in Cebu. I would
like to say the part of the Banilad estate in Cebu has not been offered
for sale, but is ready for sale on account of the fact the military
authorities are considering the acquisition of a portion of it for a
military post.
Mr. Parsons. Then your report goes on to say, on page 14 —
In connection with the sale of friar estates it may be stated that the satis-
factory results obtained are due in a large measure to the amendment of the
friar land act in which the period was increased from 10 to 25 years, in which
the payments of installments on the purchase price may be made.
When was that change made? In what act was it?
Mr. Sleeper. I think that was the in the act of [the witness paused
to examine some papers].
Mr. Parsons. If you can supply that later, you may do so, giving
the date to the stenographer.
(Mr. Sleeper later gave the date to the stenographer as "June 3,
1908.")
Mr. Parsons. On page 18 of the report there is a paragraph en-
titled "classification of the estates preparatory to sale," reading as
follows :
The following statement shows the classification of the estates and the ratio
of values of the different classes of land. This classification has been conducted
by committees of from three to five, one member of which has always been
an agent of this bureau So far the committees have done their work success-
fully and apparently equitably, as very little opposition has been made or very
few complaints received regarding the classifications. In making these classi-
fications the committee has no knowledge of nor means of ascertaining the
actual value in cash of the various parcels which they classify, and no consid-
eration is given to who occupies the various parcels of an estate.
The essential points considered are, first, whether the lands classified are urban,
rural, or agricultural ; second, whether, if agricultural, they are irrigated or unirri-
gated, and whether they are of the first, second, third, or a still lower claps of
one of the three general subdivisions; third, soil values and the location, taking
into consideration accessibility with regard to roads, centers of population, and so
forth; fourth, other minor facts which might increase or decrease the value of a
parcel.
Are those still the essential points considered ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Those are still considered in classifying friar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. I would ask, Mr. Chairman, that there be incor-
E orated in the record Appendix A of this document 914, the appendix
eing entitled "Conditions on Estates."
The Chairman. If there is no objection, that may be inserted in
the record at this point.
(The paper referred to is as follows:)
appendix a.
Conditions of Estates.
banilad estate.
Final plans and computations completed January 1, 1909. Estate classified
and ready for sale. Sale postponed on account of the project of the military
authorities to utilize part of the estate for a military post. That portion of the
estate not Included within the proposed military post was offered for sale in
82278°--H. Rept. 2289, 61-3 25
330 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
June and a large portion of the estate sold, but the records of the sales not
included in the report for this year. Final plans of the estate have been re-
ferred to attorney for presentation to the court of land registration. It is
believed that practically all of the Banilad estate will be disposed of by sale or
permanent leasing during the coming year. The following statement shows the
sale value at date of sale :
Purchased October 26, 1904; area, 1,025 hectares; purchase price. _._ f»^211, 999. 52
Expenses incident to purchase :
Preliminary surveys 1^).%. 02
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 114. 58
1, 050. 60
Cost of estate to date of purchase 213,050.12
Interest on purchase price, at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 26, 1904, to December 31, 1908 ^ 38,572.16
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate from Octo-
ber 26, 1904, to December 31, 1908 :
Salaries and w\'ijj;os f=15^ 4G6. 52
Supplies 2, 147. 08
Transportation 04^^ 08
Miscellaneous 6T5! 02
Total cost of surveys 18,634.70
Cost of administration from October 26, 1904, to December 31
1908:
Salaries and wa,ges ^4^ 343 gS
Supplies ' 162. 21
Transportation 172. 30
Printing 205^13
Miscellaneous 1^ qsI. 98
Total cost of admiuislration 6,565.30
Attorneys' fees October 26, 1904, to December 31, 1908 I ' 401. 04
Salaries and traveling ex})eDses incident to sale 1,200.00
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration ' 948. 38
Sale value of estate December 31, 1908 279,371.70
BINAGBAG ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale during the previous fiscal year. Very little
accomplished during the year. About 30 per cent of the estate is vacant,
although attempts have been made to induce occupants to purchase or re-
lease. The sale value of this estate is high, and owing to its distance from the
railway line it is unsalable. It is believed, however, that the former tenants
will reoccn|)y the estate during the present year. The following statement
shows the sale value of the estate at date of sale:
Purchased October 24, 1904; area 294.75 hectares; purchase price__ f*^35, 872. 76
Expenses incident to purchase:
Preliminary surveys l*=.503. 77
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 22. 73
526. 50
Cost of estate to date of purchase 36,399.26
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 24, 1904, to March 31, 1908 '_ 5,333.80
Cost of parcel surveys. ])lans, and descriptions of estate, October 24,
1904, to March 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages P6, 962. 99
Supplies 739. 44
Transportation 370. 98
Miscellaneous 85. 34
Total cost of surveys 8,158.75
ADMIKISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 331
Cost of administration from October 23, 1904, to March 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages ^492.01
Supplies 23. 84
Transportation 61. 43
Printing 28. 28
Miscellaneous 392. 67
Total cost of administration ^998. 23
Attorneys' fees October 24, 1904, to March 31, 1908 80.39
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 100.00
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration 100. 00
Sale value of estate March 31, 1908 51,170.43
This estate was offered for sale March 31, 1908, on a basis of 20 annual
installments or for lease on a basis of 5 per cent of the sale value per annum
for three years. Progress toward disposal is shown in the statement which
shows the result of the attempt to dispose of the estates by sale or permanent
lease during the year.
BINAN ESTATE.
All outstanding leases expired during the year, and new leases are being
written with corrected areas. Leasing has not been completed, although it is
expected to have all occupied parcels on the estate leased within two months.
Negotiations are about completed for the sale of the hacienda building to the
municipality of Biiian for school purposes and a large bodega for market
purposes. The irrigation system has been giving fair results and with no
expenditures except for maintenance. It is hoped to offer this estate for sale
before the close of the coming year. It is probable that hereafter the rents
will exceed expenses.
CALAMBA ESTATE.
A large percentage of the area on this estate remains unoccupied and unpro-
ductive. Efforts have been made to locate tenants on the sugar lands, with some
success. New roads are necessary, and to some extent the munici])al authori-
ties have delayed progress in the leasing of this estate. All the old leases have
expired and new ones are being received. The Manila Railway Company's
line has been built across the estate during the year. The irrigation sys-
tem has undergone extensive repairs, and old works abandoned many years
ago have been reconstructed. This will increase the area of rice cultivation to
a considerable extent and insure the leasing and eventual sale of such land. It
is not probable that this estate will be offered for sale during the coming fiscal
year. An annual deficit may be expected for some years of from ^20,000 to
1^30,000.
DAMPOL ESTATE.
This estate, which was offered for sale during the previous fiscal year, has
been finally entirely disposed of either by sale or lease. The following state-
ment shows the results and the value of the estate at date of sale:
Purchased October 24, 1904; area 928 hectares 93 ares; purchase
price f^lSO, 647. 56
Expenses incident to purchase :
Preliminary surveys ^1, 279. 32
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 90. 92
1, 370. 24
Cost of estate to date of purchase 152,017.80
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 24, 1904, to March 31, 1908 22, 080.80
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate, October
24, 1904, to March 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages f=5, 087. 67
Supplies 687. 39
Transportation 236. 01
Miscellaneous 49. 70
Total cost of surveys 6,060.77
332 ADMTIsriSTRATTON OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Cost of administration from October 24, 1904, to March
31 1*^)0S '
Salaries and wages f^l,803. 63
Supplies 87.70
Transportation 1 00. 70
Printing 102.30
Miscellaneous 280. 35
Total cost of adnihiistration P2, 380. 80
Attorneys' fees, October 24, ]1h)I. to ^lareli 31, lO:)^ 321.58
Salaries and travcliiiir expenses incident to ^^ale 500.00
Attorneys' fees and cosis in court of land registra.tion 1,000.00
Sale value of estate March 31, 3908 184,301.75
The proL^ress toward disposal of this estate is sliown in tlie statement which
shov/s the result of the attempt to dispose of the estates by sale or permanent
lease during the year.
GUIGUINTO ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale in parcels at the begimiing of the fiscal
year on a basis of 20 annual installments or for leasc^ on a basis of 5 per cent
of tlie sale value per annum for three years. The following statement shows
the vali:e of the estate at date of sale:
Purcliased October 20, 1904 ; area 945 hectares 08 ares 40 cen-
tares; i)iirclMa>e price 1^155, 507.88
Expeuj-es inc'.d.'nt to purchase:
Preliminary surveys f^3. 7R0. 80
Attonu^ys' fees to date of purchase 91. ()3
3, 872. 48
Cost of estate to date of purchase 159,440.30
Interest on lourchase price at 4 per cent conii)ounded quarterlv
from October 20, 1904, to June 30, 190S 25, 138. 96
Cost of narcel surveys, phwis, an.d descri])tious of estate, Octolier
20, 1904, to June 30, 1908:
Salaries and wages ^8, 014. 22
Sup])lies 1, 337. 34
Transj^ortation 249 .*'9
Miscellaneous 100. 07
Total cost of si!r\eys^ 10,307.02
Cost of administraticni from October 20, 1904, to June 30, 190S:
Salaries and wages !*2, ."00. 42
Supplies - 1''3. 10
Trans])ortation_^ _. 172. 80
Printing 123.30
iMis('(4!aneous 079. 23
Total cost of administration 3,409.03
Attorneys' fees October 20, 1904, to March 31, 1907 320.83
Salari(!S and traveling expenses incident to sale 000.00
Attorneys" fees and costs in court of land registration 1,000.00
Sale value of estate June 30, 1908 200,270.20
Of the 5 undisposed parcels, 1 parcel containing 3 hectares 91 ares 20 centares
is claimed as private property, and is pending decision in the court of land
registration. The other 4 parcels are small rural lots which will probably be
disposed of. The progress toward disposal of this estate is shown in tlie state-
ment whicli shows the results of attemi)t to dispose of the estates by sale or
permanent lease during the year.
IMITS ESTATE.
The leases on this estate expired and new leases were executed during the
year. The area leased has been increased about 12 per cent and a slight
increase has been made in the occupied area, and it is believed that this ratio
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 333
of increase will be continued as the land on this estate is particularly adaptable
to cultivation, the mioccnpied portions being sngar land on the southern end
of the estate, which is difficult of access at present, but with the new roads
which are now under consideration, it is anticipated that the occupied and culti-
vated area will rapidly increase. It is also probable that the administrative
expense on this estate will be somewhat reduced, and a further reduction in the
deficit in the coming year is also probable ; but it will be some years before the
deficit is entirely eliminated. This estate is one of the largest and best that
was purchased by the Government, and the unit value of the land is high, but
as there is a large number of small holdings, it will be salable. It will probably
be impossible to offer the estate for sale before the fiscal year 1911, as the plans,
descriptions, etc., will not have been prepared.
The irrigation system on this estate is an extensive one and furnishes irriga-
tion for two crops on part of the estate.
The Manila and Dagupan Railroad line has been built across the northern por-
tion of the estate.
Attempts are being made to induce sugar planters to occupy portions of the
southern end of this estate, and there is probability of success.
ISABELA ESTATE.
This estate has been prepared for sale, and the occupied area, winch is very
small, will probably be sold during the coming year.
For some years this estate must carry an annual deficit, as there is very little
demand for land located as is this estate. This estate has been offered to
several tobacco planters with a view of getting them interested, but owing to
the lack of labor in the Cagayan Valley it seems to be a very difficnlt propo-
sition. However, it is confidently expected that large tracts of this estate will
be sold at no distant time.
The following statement shows the value of the estate at the date of sale :
Purchased October 24, 1904 ; area, 19,891 hectares; purchase price_ F319, 710. 02
Expenses incident to purchase:
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 106. 71
Cost of estate to date of purchase 311). S^-2. 73
Interest on purchase price, compounded quarterly fr(mi October
24, 1904, to December 31, 190S 73,340.71
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate, October
24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 :
Salaries and wages f*=13, orfO. 07
Supplies 3, 209. 42
Transportation 1, 490. 92
Miscellaneous 191. 01
Total cost of surveys 18,610.42
Cost of administration from October 24, 1904, to December 31,
1908:
Salaries and wages 0, n.'H.riO
Supplies ^ 21>'. 86
Transportation S'i L 20
Printing 2::o. 48
Miscellaneous 974. 00
Total cost of administration 8,849.16
Attorneys' fees, October 24, 1904, to December 31, IDOS 5:>1). .54
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 757.03
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration 1,485.81
Sale value of estate December 31, 1908 423, 515. 40
No sales have been made on this estate.
LOLOMBOY ESTATE.
It was expected to offer this estate for sale during the fiscal year, but owing
to the delay in the preparation of plans and descriptions, old leases have been
allowed to continue, as it is the intention to begin the classification of this
334 ADMTlSriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
estate, preparatory to sale, in the early part of the coming year, and it Is
believed that a large part of this estate will be sold.
The irrigation system, although small, is giving satisfactory results.
MATAMO ESTATE.
This estate w^s offered for sale in the fiscal year 1908, but the occupant de-
clined to purchase, and leased for a period of three years on a basis of 5 per
cent per annum of the sale value. It is expected, however, that the lessee will
purchase.
MALINTA ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale during the month of May and a large pare
sold, although it was impossible to record more than 1,000 sales certificates
and 34 permanent leases during the year. It is believed that more than 95
per cent of this estate will be sold, although a portion of it is poor land and
the price high.
The following statement shows the value of the estate at the date of sale.
The final plans and descriptions of this estate are in the hands of the attorney
for presentation to the court of land registration.
Statement of the sale value December SI, 1908.
Purchased October 24, 1904; area 3,574 hectares; purchase price__ W40, 421. 32
Expenses incident to purchase :
Preliminary surveys ^1, 154. 19
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 242. 49
1, 396. 68
Cost of estate to date of purchase 441, 818.00
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 101,297.25
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions from October 24,
1904, to March 31, 1909 :
Salaries and wages ^27, 904. 61
Supplies 4, 221. 92
Transportation 706. 69
Miscellaneous 1,065.33
Total cost of surveys 33,898.55
Cost of administration from October 24, 1904, to March 31, 1909 :
Salaries and wages f^lO, 133. 39
Supplies 508. 31
Transportation 619.46
Printing 488. 48
Miscellaneous 2, 071. 81
Tofal cost of administration 13,821.45
Attorneys fees, October 24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 857. 51
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 1, 500. 00
Attorneys fees and costs court of land registration 1, 263. 33
Sale value of estate March 31, 1908 594, 456. 00
The progress toward disposal of this estate is shown in the statement which
shows the results of the attempt to dispose of the estates by sale or permanent
lease during the year.
MUNTINLUPA ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale in April, and more than one-half has already
been sold. It is probable that about 70 per cent of this estate will be sold, the
balance being unoccupied land and of poor quality. The Manila Railway Com-
pany's line has been completed across the estate during the past year, which will
increase the value of this property, and it is understood that a Government road
is soon to be built across the estate, when it is hoped that the balance of the
estate may be disposed of. Two hundred and fifty hectares of this estate have
ADMINISTEATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 335
been reserved for the use of tJae bureau of agriculture as a stock farm, and it is
now so occupied. The following statement shows the sale value' of the estate at
the date of sale:
Purchased October 24, 1904 ; area 2,827 hectares ; purchase price__ FST, 677. 00
Expenses incident to purchase :
Preliminary survej^s ^1,910. 56
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 53. 05
1, 963. 61
Cost of estate to date of purchase 89, 640. 67
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 15, 548. 29
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate, October
24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 :
Salaries and wages ^14, 406. 42
Supplies 1, 850. 99
Transportation 196. 49
Miscellaneous 241. 60
Total cost of surveys 16, 695. 50
Cost of administration from October 24, 1904, to Deceml)er 31,
1908 :
Salaries and wages ^1,909.60
Supplies 155. 47
Transportation 162. 72
Printing 92.21
Miscellaneous 393. 34
Total cost of administration 2,713.34
Attorneys' fees, October 24, 1904, to December 31, 1908 187.58
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 477.00
Attorneys' fees and costs court of land registration 461. 79
Sale value of estate December 31, 1908 125, 724. 17
Cost of maintenance irrigation October 24, 1904, to December 31, •
1908 349. 30
Total 126, 073. 47
The progress toward disposal of this estate is shown in the statement which
shows the results of attempt to dispose of the estates by sale or permanent lease
during the year.
NAIC ESTATE.
All leases have been renewed on this estate during the year with a resultant
increase in the area leased of about 200 hectares. As all the occupied parcels
on this estate are now leased, it will be possible to close tlie office on this estate
for at least a portion of the coming year, until such time as the estate is ready
for sale. A large number of caingins have been made on this estate and it has
been necessary to keep a ranger at work in order to prevent damage being done
to the estate. It is believed that this estate may be offered for sale and perhaps
over half of it sold to the present occupants.
The leases on this estate expired during the fiscal year and new leases were
executed, and it is probable that a large portion of the unoccupied area will be
leased upon terms and conditions which will eventually prove advantageous to
the Government. It is possible, but not probable, that this estate will be offered
for sale during the coming fiscal year.
SAN FRANCISCO DE MALABON.
The leases expiring on this estate were not renewed, but were extended for
a period of six laonths, during which time it is expected that the estate will
be classified and ready for sale, the classification committee being at work
336 ADMINISTRATIO]^ OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
upon tlie estate. Some increase in the area leased will be noticed, and it is
expected to offer the estate for sale within a few months, when it is believed
that at least one-half of the estate will be sold. The Manila Railway Company
have completed their line to the northern boundary of this estate, which, when
completed through the estate, will be of considerable benefit. The irrigation
system is in a satisfactory condition and appears to be supplying the needs of
the tenants.
ORION ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale durhig tlie fiscal year 190S, which sale has
been continued until there are now 30 undisposed parcels, witli an area of 76
hectares 14 arerts and 65 centares, and total sale value of f*8,547.16. Four of
these parcels are occupied by the Roman Catholic Church, and three are
claimed as private property. Twenty-three parcels are unsalable, owing, pri-
marily, to the lack of animals with which to cultivate, and, secondly, to the
lack of irri,2:ation, which may be furnished in the near future, as the subject
is under consideration. The following statement shows the sale value of the
estate at date of sale:
Purchased October 20, 1905 ; area 916 hectares, purchase price 9^S, 050. 33
Expenses incident to purchase:
Preliminary surveys I ^868. 09
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 129. 19
■ 997. 28
Cost of estate to date of purchase 99,047.61
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 20, 1905, to March 31, 1908 10,031.82
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate, October
20, 1905, to March 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages ^7, 133, 58
Supplies 710. 20
Transportation 1.36. 07
Miscellaneous 159. 56
Total cost of surveys 8,139.41
Cost of administration from October 20, 1905, to March 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages ^3, 142. 34
Supplies 104.90
Transportation 143. 42
Printing 66.00
Miscellaneous 462. 95
Total cost of adniinlstration 8,919.61
Attorneys' fees October 20, 1905, to March 31, 1908 111. 44
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 300.00
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration. 500. 00
Sale value of estate March 31, 1908 122,049.89
The progress toward disposal of this estate is shown in the statement which
shows the results of attempt to disi)ose of the estates by sale or permanent lease
during the year.
SAN JOSE DE MINDORO.
This estate is not under cultivation, and up to the latter part of the year was
occupied for the pasturage of cattle, the owners of which have now vacated
the estate, so that no revenue is being collected. A number of inquiries have
been made during the year by persons desiring to invest in large tracts of land
in the islands. All possible information lias been furnished, but no negotiations
have been concluded looking to the purchase of this estate. As the estate now
stands, there is a deficit of ^23,902.50, which must be carried by the Govern-
ment, and it is believed that until corporations are authorized to buy large
tracts of land for agricultural purposes it will be almost impossible to dispose
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 337
of this estate. The following statement shows the value of the estate to
January 4, 1909 :
Purchased October 4, 1904 ; area, 23,266 hectares ; purchase price. ^597, 564. 14
Expenses incident to purchase:
Attorney's fees to date of purchase 299. 57
Cost of estate to date of purchase 597, 803. 71
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent, compounded quarterly
from October 4, 1904, to January 4, 1909 101, 653. 83
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions from October 4,
1904, to January 4, 1909 :
Salaries and wages ?=9, 056. 74
Supplies 1, 284. 00
Transportation 548.97
Miscellaneous 29. 06
Total cost of surveys 10,918.77
Cost of administration from October 4, 1904, to January 4, 1009 :
Salaries and wages ^4,506.61
Supplies 219.63
Transportation 106. 16
Printing 871.26
Miscellaneous 450. 01
Total cost of administration 5,713.67
Attorneys' fees October 4, 1904, to January 4, 1909 1,178. 56
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 1,500.00
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration 601.46
Sale value of estate January 4, 1909 719, 430. 00
SAN MARCOS.
This estate was sold during the fiscal year 1908, and the installments due
to date have been promptly paid, with interest, and it is believed that the
purchasers will experience no difiiculty in making subsequent payments.
SANTA CRUZ DE MALABON.
All outstanding leases were canceled during the year and new leases executed,
with the result of an increase of 12 per cent in the area leased, and still further
leases are expected. The irrigation system on this estate is giving satisfactory
results, although some repairs will be necessary in the near future. It is not
expected to offer the estate for sale during the coming fiscal year owing to the
lack of detailed information, descriptions, and plans.
SANTA MARIA DE PANDI.
All the old leases on this estate were canceled during the year and new leases
are now being executed based upon actual areas, and reclassification has been
made on the parcels on this estate in order that the proper rents may be paid,
the rent schedules revised to conform more nearly to rents of similar classes
of land on other estates. The new leases have not been completed, and it is
expected that the leased area will be increased to equal 80 per cent of the total
area of the estate. There are approximately 5,000 parcels of land on this estate.
The roads are in bad condition and many of the parcels are difficult of access
except in the dry season. It is believed, however, that this estate will be on a
self-sustaining basis before the close of the coming year.
SANTA ROSA ESTATE.
This estate was offered for sale during the month of March, and practically
the entire occupied area has been sold or leased.
During the sale of this estate an unfortunate occurrence took place, by which
three of the agriculturists who were occupants of the estate were murdered by
a band of malcontents, led by a fanatic. This occurrence retarded the sale of
338 ADMINISTRATION OF PHTLTPPTNE LANDS.
the estate, as it frightened other occupants, including the laborers, from oc
cupying the land. It is hoped, however, that this will only be temporary,
although some of the former occupants have relinquished their lands.
This estate has considerable sugar land, and efforts are being made to extend
the sugar cultivation, with some success. The sugar crop during the past year
was poor, owing to typhoons followed by drought. The coming crop, however,
appears to be in splendid condition, and it is hoped that a good crop will result.
The bureau of agriculture, which formerly was doing plowing for the agri-
culturists, has withdrawn its plow, owing to the lack of cooperation on the part
of the planters.
The irrigation system on this estate needs extensive repairs and reconstruc-
tion, which will be undertaken during the coming fiscal year.
The following statement shows the sale value of the estate at date of sale :
Purchased, October 19, 1905 ; area, 5,470 hectares ; purchase price_ ^10, 234. 72
Expenses incident to purchase:
Preliminary surveys ^3, 251. 71
Attorneys' fees to date of purchase 1, 216. 05
— 4, 467. 76
Cost of estate to date of purchase 914,702.48
Estimated purchase value of irrigation works and land pertaining
thereto 12, 000. 00
902, 702. 48
Interest on purchase price at 4 per cent compounded quarterly
from October 19, 1905, to December 31, 1908 122,622.76
Cost of parcel surveys, plans, and descriptions of estate, October
19, 1905, to December 31, 1908:
Salaries and wages ^33,355.78
Supplies 4, 826. 28
Transportation 1, 294. 42
Miscellaneous 434^ 14
Total cost of surveys 36, 910. 62
Cost of administration from October 19, 1905, to December 31,
1908 :
Salaries and wages !^16, 810. 42
Supplies 1, 595. 99
Transportation 891. 74
Printing 819. 58
Miscellaneous 1, 695. 03
Total cost of administration 21,812.76
Cost of maintenance of irrigation from October 19, 1905, to Decem-
ber 31, 1908 :
Salaries and wages ^2, 729. 40
Supplies 532.24
Transportation 110. 31
Miscellaneous 300. 14
Total cost maintenance of irrigation 3,678.09
Attorneys' fees, October 19, 1905, to December 31, 1908 1,052.70
Salaries and traveling expenses incident to sale 2,000.00
Attorneys' fees and costs in court of land registration 2,004.88
Sale value of estate December 31, 1908 1, 095, 784. 29
Improvements: Purchase price of irrigation system,
dams, canals, etc ^12,000.00
Interest at 4 per cent per annum, compounded
quarterly from October 19, 1905, to December
31, 1908 1, 630. 06
Value of irrigation system December 31, 1908 13, 630. 06
The land pertaining to this estate was offered for sale December 31, 1908, on
a basis of 20 annual installments, or for lease on a basis of 5 per cent of the
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 339
sale value per annum for three years. The progress toward the disposal of
this estate is shown in the statement which shows the results of the attempt
to dispose of the estates by sale or permanent lease during the year.
New leases were executed on this estate during the year, based on corrected
areas, until at the close of the year there was 77 per cent of the estate leased
as against 10 per cent at the close of the last fiscal year. The balance of the
estate, for which a preliminary contract was made during the previous year,
will soon be leased and occupied, so that practically all of the estate will be
accounted for, and it is expected to place the estate on sale within a very few
months. The work of classifying will be begun at the beginning of the coming
year.
TALISAY-MINGLANILLA.
The local conditions on this estate have been most unsatisfactory during the
past year, as a large percentage of the occupants have persistently ignored all
efforts of the Government to secure signatures to leases, but during the year
the title to this property has been registered in the court of land registration,
thereby disposing of the claims of the occupants, and a writ of possession
directed to the sheriff of Cebu has been secured and is being used for dispos-
session of occupants who decline to lease. There are some two thousand of
these and the work is necessarily slow, but is proceeding satisfactorily and up
to the close of the year only four ejected tenants have made reentry upon the
premises formerly occupied, and action will be immediately taken against such
tenants. Only a few of the ejected tenants have made application for leases for
the purpose of again occupying their lands, and it is believed that a large num-
ber of parcels of this estate will be unoccupied unless the former tenants return.
A part of the estate is excellent land and undoubtedly can be disposed of, but
there is a large portion of mountainous land of slight value which for years
will probably remain vacant.
An increase in the area leased of 10 per cent is shown on the report, but
this is far from satisfactory, as it is believed that about 70 per cent of the
area of the estate is occupied. It is hoped, however, that with the aid of the
local authorities leases may be obtained for between 40 and 50 per cent of this
estate during the coming year.
Mr. Parsons. In connection with the Imiis estate, you say :
Attempts are being made to induce sugar planters to occupy portions of the
southern end of this estate, and there is probability of success.
Whom did you attempt to induce ?
Mr. Sleeper. Some of the residents of Imus.
Mr. Parsons. Who outside of Imus?
Mr. Sleeper. We had shown one man over that estate, I think,
outside of Imus.
Mr. Parsons. Who was that?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Thayer.
Mr. Parsons. Had he taken up any land there?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Is Gen. Aguinaldo's land sugar land?
Mr. Sleeper. A portion of it.
Mr. Parsons. Did Gen. Aguinaldo make his lease directly himself
or through some agent?
Mr. Sleeper. He made it himself.
Mr. Parsons. In regard to the San Jose estate, on page 80 of your
report, which is found in House Document No. 914, you state:
A number of inquiries have been made during the year by persons desiring
to invest in large tracts of land in the islands. All possible information has
been furnished, but no negotiations have been concluded looking to the purchase
of this estate.
340 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Who made those inquiries ?
Mr. Sleeper. There was a London man who has a large cattle
business in Australia.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know his name ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think his name was Perry, who came there, and
we talked over the situation, and he concluded the price was too
high, and he could not do anything with it.
Mr. Parsons. Who else ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was during this year that J. Montgomery
Strong looked over the estate.
Mr. Parsons. You say further, with reference to the San Jose
estate, as follows:
It is believed that until corporations are autliorized to buy large tracts of
land for agricultural purposes, it will be almost impossible to dispose of this
estate.
Why did you say that ?
Mr. Douglas. What page is that?
Mr. Parsons. Page 80 of House Document No. 914.
Mr. Sleeper. It seemed to be a bigger undertaking than an indi-
vidual could handle. We had no inquiries from individuals. It was
always corporations that they wanted to organize. We had several
inquiries from different people who thought they would lili:e to get
up a prospectus and endeavor to dispose of the estate if they could
organize a corporation.
Mr. Parsons. Mr. Perry did not say anything about a corporation,
did he?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, he did.
Mr. Parsons. Did Strong speak of a corporation ?
Mr. Sleeper. I did not see Mr. Strong personally at all.
Mr. Parsons. Who had talked about organizing corporations?
Mr. Sleeper. Two or three of the real estate dealers in Manila.
Mr. Parsons. Do you recall who ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; but I have talked with at least a dozen different
people about this estate.
Mr. Parsons. Can you give their names ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think Mr. Pitt, of Chandler & Pitt, was one of
them.
Mr. Parsons. Who was that?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Pitt.
Mr. Parsons. Who is he?
Mr. Sleeper. He is a real estate dealer in Manila.
Mr. Parsons. Can you give any other names ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I can not recall, but I did call this estate to the
attention of a good many different people with a view of getting a
possible purchaser sometime, i£.I could.
Mr. Parsons. Mr. Chairman, I also would ask to have made a
part of the record the letter from Gen. Edwards to Gov. Gen. Smith,
dated May 16, 1908, which is printed on pages 61 and 62 of House
Document No. 957, and also a copy of Capt. Sleeper's report in an-
swer to that, dated September 14, 1908, which is printed on pages
61-68 of the same document.
The Chairman. Why not put in the whole document as an exhibit?
Mr. Parsons. I think it is much more convenient for the com-
mittee to have just these portions.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 341
The Chairman. Very well; indicate to the stenographer what
portions they are, and unless there is objection they will be inserted
in the record at this point.
[Inclosure No. 51.]
War Department,
Bureau of Insular Affairs,
Washington, May 16, 1908.
My Dear Gen. Smith : I have been looking into the subject of friar lands,
and I can gain scant comfort from it. I recollect that when Worcester was
here he expressed confidence in the way Capt. Sleeper was taking hold, and
everybody knows what a good reputation he has for executive ability, but
after looking over these figures and trying to analyze them, I concluded that
I am from Missouri, and I can't see where he, or anybody else, can gain any
comfort out of such analysis, or for the future.
Take, for instance, the subject of expenses for survey. I notice that the
average expense is W.30, and on some as high as ^7.31, and that does not take
in the expense of office computations and draftings, which is appreciably more —
in fact, as far as I can find out, about doubles the expense.
From inquiry here, I understand that the expense of surveying public lands
is only a few cents per acre. I don't assume that any fair standard of com-
parison could be made there, but at the same time these estates are accessible,
and it seems to me unnecessarily high. In fact, I notice that some of the
public-land surveys run from F9 to $100 per hectare.
I notice that only 60 per cent of the friar lands have been surveyed, and I
assume, therefore, it is going to take a couple more years, but this is only an
incident of the big deficit.
In 1907 the deficit was ^^430,456.15, and add to that for extraordinary non-
recurrent expenses ^220,351.14, and take from the total the receipts for the
fiscal year 1907, ^226,627.63, or a deficit of f=4 24,1 79.66.
I notice there are only 22.6 per cent of all these lands leased, which I pre-
sume is the percentage of attornment, and which I understand warrants this
policy of laissez faire.
What on earth is going to be the result at the time of the maturing of the
bonds? That is what worries me, looking upon the friar-land proposition as
a separate one. I really would like to hear, bofore I bring this matter to the
Secretary, what hope you people entertain for the working out of this problem.
I recollect that Sleeper told me that everything was going on all right, but I
would like to know his present views.
Has the question of putting the separate estates in the hands of the local
native governors ever been contemplated? It goes without saying that I assume
you and the commissioners have worried over this much more than have we
here, and these queries are merely little memoranda on this subject to gain the
latest information, as I fancy, from what I hear, that the subject in the next
few months will be considered a good deal here.
Sincerely, yours, C. R. Edwards.
Gen. James F. Smitei,
Governor General of the Philippine Isla^ids, Manila, P, I,
[Inclosure No. 52.]
[Third indorscmont.]
Department of the Interior,
BuRKAU OF Lands.
Manila, P. /., Sentemhcr IJ,, 1908.
Respectfully forwarded to the honorable the secretary of the interior, submit-
ting the following statements in relation to friar lands in reply to the questions
of the Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs.
Before going into the question of the cost of surveys, the other questions
asked will be answered.
The question of '' What on earth is going to be the result at the time of the
maturing of the bonds " appears to have been answered by the action of the
342 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Ptiilippine Commission in enacting act 1749, an act mal?;ing appropriation for
the friar lands bond sinking fund and for the payment of the interest on the
bonds.
While this disposes of the question of the payment of the bonds, it does not
answer the question asked by Gen. Edwards of " what hope is entertained
of the working out of the friar lands problem? " As stated in the letter of
Gen. li;dwards, the deficit for 1907 was f=430,456.15, to which, however, must
be added the nonrecurrent expenses of ^220,351.14, making a total expenditure
for the year in excess of receipts of ^^50,807.29, and not, as Gen. Edw^ards
states, f*^424,179.66. Now, for the fiscal year 1908 the following figures may be
used: Deficit of current expenses over receipts, ^388,197.99; plus the extraordi-
nary nonrecurrent expenses, 1^260,037.14 ; or a total of 1^648,235.13, in excess of
income.
Now, for the future, inasmuch as the field work of friar-land surveys has
been completed, the probable extraordinary nonrecurrent expenses should not
exceed ?^80,000 for any year, and this amount only for two years longer when
the amount should be materially reduced, unless reconstructions of part of the
irrigation systems should be necessary. On the other hand, the total receipts
for the fiscal year 1907 were ^226,627.63 ; for 1908, ^280,915.74, and for 1909,
should reach ^325,000. Thus the anticipated expenditure in excess of receipts
for the fiscal year 1909 should not exceed ^400,000, and thereafter each year
should show a gradual increase in receipts and a reduction in both the current
and nonrecurrent expenses, except in the item of interest, until such time as the
annual deficit is covered, except that w^hich applies to those estates such as
San Jose de Mindoro and Isabela, Isabela Province, which are practically unoc-
cupied, and those estates which have practically one-half of their area unoccu-
pied, such as Calamba, Laguna Province; Imus, San Francisco de Malabon, and
Santa Cruz de Malabon, Cavite Province ; and Tala, Rizal Province, which will
continue to show a debit balance until a larger percentage of their area is
occupied and under cultivation. Some of these estates, especially those in Cavite
and Laguna Provinces, are estates which were cultivated and would now be
cultivated and rented were there sufficient occupants thereon, and special efforts
are being made to induce cultivation and occupation of these estates. I refer to
the work of the agricultural bureau in doing plowing with the steam plow for
the occupants of the estates, and the advantages held out to tenants under the
friar-land loan act, and special inducements offered to those who will agree to
cultivate by reduced rentals for the first three years, but the process must be,
necessarily, a slow one, as the capital needed to clear land which has been lying
fallow for more than 10 years varies from f*=30 to 1^100 per hectare before the
first crop has been planted.
While 22.G per cent of the friar estates were leased at the close of the fiscal
year 1907, 26.7 were leased at the close of the fiscal year 1908, and the per-
centage of increase will be greater for the fiscal year 1909, for as fast as the
actual area of an occupant's holding is known he is required to lease this area
instead of the area which he originally leased, which was based on his own
statement, and ordinarily did not exceed one-half of the area actually occupied.
Furthermore, as the areas of the estates are computed the classification of the
land is then made and the actual value of each occupant's holding becomes
known. As soon as known the occupant is required to make a lease on a basis
of 5 per cent of the value of the land, or purchase his holding, and up to date
the San Marcos, Ma tamo, Dampol, Binagbag, and Orion estates have been thus
offered for sale and have either been sold or rented on a basis wiiich not only
covers the interest and administrative expense on these estates, but also
includes the cost of administration and the expense of survey and all other
expenses incidental to the preparation of these estates for sale between the date
of purchase and the date of sale. These estates will, therefore, be eliminated
from the deficit colunm for the fiscal year 1909. The Guiguinto, Santa Rosa,
Banilad, Malinta, and Muntinlupa estates should be sold or rented during the
year, either in whole or in part, and it is expected that the Banilad, Guiguinto,
and Malinta estates will show a surplus rather than a deficit for the present
year. Thus it is anticipated that at the end of the fiscal year eight estates will
be eliminated from the deficit column and with a possibility of including in this
column Muntinlupa. Other estates will be offered for sale as fast as the com-
putations can be completed, but in the meantime the areas of the various par-
cels are being computed with the planimeter, and these areas are being used for
re-leases on these estates, so that the so-called policy of "laissez faire," so
termed by Gen. Edwards, has been superseded by a policy of leasing and
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 343
selling based on actual areas, juid where tlie values are known on actual values,
viz : New leases are made upon a basis of 5 per cpnt of the actual valuation.
Thus it is anticipated that during the present j^ear the entire occupied area of
each estate will be rented, if not sold, on a basis sufficient to pay the interest and
administration charges on the portions of the estates leased, but this will in no
wise reduce the deficit properly pertaining to the large areas of unoccupied
lands on the high-priced estates in Laguna and Cavite Provinces. These lands
are mainly sugar lands, and their are many reasons for their nonoccupation
and cultivation, one of the most important of which is the lack of funds among
agriculturists to purchase animals or to supply subsistence to employees during
the growing of the first crop, and endeavors are being made by this bureau to
assist agriculturists, as before stated, to extend the cultivated areas on these
estates. Another reason is that while these lands are known to be good sugar
lands, the price of sugar during the past year has been such as to deter many
who desired to enter this business, but the price at the present time is suflicient
to warrant planters in clearing new land, and an increased area will be planted
this year on these estates.
It may be further anticipated that the deficit on the following estates will be
reduced during the year: Binan, Calamba, Imus, Lolombey, Naic, Piedad, Santa
Maria de Pandi, Santa Rosa, Tala, and Talisay-Minglanilla. On the other hand,
the San Francisco de Malabon and Santa Cruz de Malabon estates will probably
show an increase in the deficit, owing to the fact that the collections of last
year exceeded the annual contracted rental on account of the fact that there
was much delinquent rent collected during the year.
At the time of my appointment as director of lands, in discussing the subject
of friar lands with Gov. Wright, I told him that I did not anticipate that
any great headway could be made on the friar lands within five years. This
was in 1905, and subsequent events have proven this prognostication. Nor
did I ever believe it was possible, w^ithin the terms for w^hich the bonds of the
friar lands were issued, to accumulate from the estates sufficient funds to wipe
out the bond issue, and it was estimated that a loss of ^4,000,000 might have
to be charged off on this transaction. However, at that time I was not familiar
with the value of the irrigation works on these estates. In the annual report
of this bureau for the year 1907 it was estimated that ^1,000,000 was invested
in the irrigation systems, but I believe, on the basis of costs of the systems to
construct at the present day, f^4,000,000 would be nearer the actual value.
If, then, when the lands on these estates have been sold, the irrigation systems
capitalized at P4,000,000, and a water rate fixed which shall provide for a sink-
ing fund on this basis of valuation, would it not seem reasonable to presume
that within 50 years at least the entire debt for the purchase, administration,
survey, and sale of the friar lands may be paid from the income to be derived
from the sale, rent, w^ater rate, and other income from the friar estates? And
I believe this is the best side of the situation.
I inclose with this report a copy of the annual report for the fiscal year 1908
of the director of lands to the secretary of the interior, which includes a state-
ment of the progress made on friar estates to June 30 (pp. 7 to 68, inclusive),
and shows the conditions on the estates.
The question of the cost of surveys in the Philippine Islands is one which, to
be understood, appears to need full explanation. I will therefore go into the
question with some detail.
It appears clear from the act of Congress and the legislation by the Philippine
Commission that each occupant of a* parcel of friar lands had vested in him
the right to purchase or lease the actual land occupied by him at the date of
purchase by the Government of the friar lands. This being the case, it was
essential that this bureau undertake the actual survey of the ground occupied
by every occupant of a friar estate. It was known prior to undertaking the
parcel surveys of friar lands that the expense of these surveys would be very
great, and the matter was discussed thoroughly and investigated on some of the
estates, with a view to obviating the survey of the very irregular tracts of land
held by occupants on these estates, and it was determined that it was impos-
sible to comply with the law and rectify the alignment of the premises occujiied.
This statement may be further clarified by stating that on all the cultivated
estates there are trees, such as banana, mango, bamboo, ilang-ilang, and others,
which, as a rule, are along the boundaries of the parcels, and the occupants in-
sisted that these trees be included within their holdings, and that the lines of
the survey follow the lines of their holdings. While it is true that surveyors
did not in all cases strictly conform to the desires of the occupants, they did
344 ADMINISTKATIOK OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
so to an extent sufficient to satisfy the occupants, except on two estates, which,
in consequence of the surveyor's endeavors to rectify the alignment and
straighten same, necessitated resurveys. After it was determined that parcel
surveys according to the occupant's holdings was necessary, the method to be
used was discussed, and as it was necessary that Torrens title should issue for
these parcels when the same had been purchased, the modern method of survey-
ing employed in all English-speaking countries was adopted, including the com-
putations of such surveys by latitude and departure. Accordingly, this bureau
requested an appropriation for the fiscal year 1907 sufficient to complete the
field work of the surveys in one year. The Philippine Commission concluded
that it would be better to extend the time for two years, and the force was
accordingly reduced, the appropriation was made, and the field work was fin-
ished as anticipated.
At the time that this work was begun it was contemplated bringing into the
Manila office the surveyors included in the field parties and proceed with the
computations, but this bureau being called upon for other surveys under the
public-land act and the land-registration act, :^his could not be accomplished,
and accordingly a new force of computors not only had to be employed but
trained in their work. This caused a delay in the completion of the computa-
tions, and the legislature decided at the last session that these computations
should take their regular turn in the office, and it is estimated that two years
must elapse before they are all completed with the present force. But notwith-
standing this delay, it was determined to obtain the areas of each parcel on the
friar estates by the use of the planimeter. This has now been done, and al-
though the error in the area averages at least 5 per cent, this area is used as a
basis of new leases in order to increase the revenue and the area leased.
Another purpose of the friar-land surveys was to define and mark upon the
ground the boundaries of the parcels as claimed by the occupants and to leave
such monuments on the ground that the corners of the parcels might be relo-
cated in the future.
Approximately 37 per cent of the friar lands are under cultivation in rice,
sugar cane, corn, maguey, and other crops, and approximately 26 per cent are
leased, but there is still a large amount of friar lands claimed by the old occu-
X3ants which is leased to them, but which is not being cultivated, nor has this
area been cultivated for 10 or 12 years, and it has grown up with cogon
grass or trees or other vegetation. The survey of the land under cultivation
when same was made at a time when the crops did not interfere with the sur-
vey was made at a comparatively low cost, for the reason that a small amount
of clearing was necessary, it was easy to determine the boundary lines, and the
occupants could be readily persuaded to point out their boundaries. The uncul-
tivated lands, covered with a tangle of small brush, cogon grass, bamboo, or
other tropical vegetation, varying from 6 to 15 feet in height, were very much
more difficult, every line having to be cut out to a width of at least 6 feet. Now,
to clear a line through 50 feet of bamboo in a day is considered a fair day's
work for the several laborers in a survey party ; through heavy underbrush, 300
feet ; through light underbrush and high grass, 1,000 feet ; through cogon grass,
5,000 feet; while over rice lands or roads a survey party can progress for a
matter of 5 miles. Thus it may be seen that the cost of surveying uncultivated
lands, especially under the conditions existing on friar lands, necessitated a
large expense.
The boundary lines of cultivated and claimed lands were surveyed in ac-
cordance with the claims of the occupants. Such boundaries were marked
by rice dikes, rows of trees, irrigation ditches, clumps of bamboo, various kinds
of fences, roads, or streams, and in many instances were more or less indefinite.
The first and most difficult problem was to determine on the ground the bomd-
aries of the holdings and the names of the occupants. For this purpose the
services of men who, under the friars, had been in charge of the apportionment
of lands and collections of rents were secured as guides wherever possible.
These guides were more or less familiar with the names of the occupants, the
approximate location of their holdings, and the ground over which the work
was to be done, but t@ ascertain the actual boundary lines the occupants them-
selves had to be sought out and brought to the ground, and this is where the
trouble began, for the occupants rarely, if ever, live on farm lands, and disputes
as to the location of their boundaries were many, bitter, and prolonged, and
many times delayed the surveys. As soon as the disputes were settled, the
corners were marked and a sketch of the lot was made. The sketches were
made by Filipinos to avoid holding up the work of an expensive transit party.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 345
while boundaries were being determined, and parties consisting of five or six
natives were organized and trained to go into the field and locate the bonnd-
aries, mark same, and mnke a rongh sketch thereof. It required tw^o and some-
times tlu'oe of such ])arties, de])ending upon the natnre of the country, to keep
one transit party fully occupied. Then the sketches were turned over to the
transit i)arty, that the transit mnn might know to what corner an azinnith
and distance referred whe^ ^>tered in liis notebook.
Prior to the surveys, lofis;^ control or primary traverse lines were run and
mensured through a district with an accuracy of 1:2000, and points on these
lines w^ere used from which to start and close sccomhiry traverse or meander
lines from which lot cornei'S might be located by side shots. All traverse lines
were measured with steel tapes, and the azimuth, both on traverse lines and to
lot corners, were referred to the true meridian and nu^asured to the nearest
minute of an arc. Distances to lot corners were measured by stadia, but 10 per
cent were also measured with the steel tape as a check against the stadia con-
stant and personal errors of the transit man.
Unoccupied lands were divided into blocks of 25 hectare squares by true north
and south and east and west lines. This work was fully as expensive as the
survey of the occupied lands, although the tracts were larger by at least ten
times. This was due to the fact that the actual boundary lines had to be estab-
lished, necessitating the clearing of all obstructions, and in nearly all cases
was over rough country which had been for the past 12 years uncultivated,
and therefore grown up with all sorts of tropical growth, while on occupic^i
lands the transit stations were located at the most accessible points from w^liich
parcel corners could be located. Cement location or reference monuments, in
pairs, were so located that no lot should be more than 1,000 meters therefrom,
in order that its boundnries might be reestablished at any time in the future.
Traverse lines were computed by latitudes and departures, and the coordinates
of each station determined with reference to a system of rectangular ordinates.
Coordinates of each parcel corner on the same system are computed, in order
that the bearing and length of each lot line may be computed and the area com-
puted by double meridian distances.
The total cost of friai-land surveys to June 30, lOOS. was ^531 ,705.92, and
the probable cost of computations and drafting to completely close uj) the
work will approximate P=100,000, or a iirobable total cost of r()32,000 for
friar-land svu'veys, which would av(H'age a trifle less tlian fM per hectare, or
4i per cent of the cost price of the friar lands, and I know of no way by which
this cost could have been materially reduced under the conditions existing,
especially with regard to the imi)ossibility of ol)taining technical men except
at prices far in excess of what would have been paid in the TTuited States.
On tlie oth(^r hand, the labor used in these surveys was entirely native labor,
at a price far below the cost in the Ihiited States. Tlie entire equipment had
to be purchased both for held work and ollice, and in tlu^ re])ort of this bureau
for the fiscal year 1908 there appears a statement which shows the total cost
of these surveys, which is divided l)otween the various estates and segregated
as to yeai's in which ex])ended and pnr|)ose for which exp(^nded, with the ex-
ception of 1*100,000 for computations yet to be made.
The friar-land surveys were based u])on the metric system, but the total
figures herein mentioned are reduced to English measures.
These estates contain apin*oximately 012 scpiare miles, dividcnl into 23 estates,
including 31 dilTerent i)arcels. An average of IT survey parties for three years,
or 025 transit months, were occupied in the surveys, 55,5t)1 ti-ansit stations were
occupied, and 4,450 miles of traverse lines were measured. There were 530
astronomical observations taken for true azimuth, and 1,157 cement monuments
were set. Forty-three th.ousand tliree hundred and seventy-eight lots were sur-
veyed, or an average of 72 lots to the square nule, or 9 acres to the lot. There
were 390,402 corners, an average of 9 corners to a lot, and measur(nnent was
taken of 46 per cent of these, or 179,585. Xinety-two transit stations were
taken, and 7.4 miles of tra\'erse were measured for each scpiare mile, and 298
lot corners per square mile were located. The cost per square mile to July 1,
1908, was $417.78 United Slates currency, or $0.()5 per acre. The total cost
this work, including comiuitations, drafting, etc., will approximate $515 per
square mile, or $0.80 per acre.
In the consideration of these costs it should be noted that men experienced in
this class of work on a large scale could not be obtained, and there were no
precedents obtainable except the general methods of surveying. Not more tlian
10 per cent of the surveyors engaged in this work had had any previous expe-
82278° ~H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 26
346 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILTPPINE LANDS.
rience in surveying in tropical countries. In fact, the majority were recent
gniduates of technical schools in the United States and were totally unf<nnlliar
with the langua,£:es, conditions, or the hnblts and characteristics of the people.
These men, when they arrived, were placed under the more experienced sur-
veyors, and, as they proved their ability, were placed in charge of survey par-
ties. The work wjis started with 4 surveyors and 2 transits, and in less than
three years a force of 60 surveyors had been organized and equipped and had
completed the work assigned within a few days of the time estimated more
than two years previous.
All sub'Sistence and supplies had to be shipped from Manila to the survey
parties, and often they were many miles from a railroad or road transportation.
Inasmuch as the letter of Gen. Edwards brings up the question of the
expense of public-land surveys, a statement relative thereto is herein submitted.
The bureau of lands is now engaged in the survey of 15 classes of public-land
surveys, viz: Fores^iore, free patent, Government lands, homesteads, lease, coal,
lode and placer claims, sales, reclamation, insular, municipal and provincial
reservations, town sites, and unperfected titles. These surveys during the past
year were scattered through 26 of the provinces of the Philippine Islands, and
in many instances a survey party would make a trip of several days in order to
reacli the locality of one or two sni-veys. This class of work is so scattered^
and so few surveys are ready at one time in a district or province, that special
trips are necessary to execute a comparatively small amount of work. The
object of these surveys is to secure accurjite plans and descriptions of land
surveyed in order that Torrens Title may issue, based on accurate surveys and
plans, said title being guaranteed by the Government of the Philippine Islands.
The field conditions are in many cases the same as those on occupied and culti-
vated friar lands, except that the difficulties in regard to location of boundaries
are not so great. This is due to the fact that the surveyor has to deal with
only one claimant and the adjoining owners.
Fifty-one thousand three hundred and two acres of public-land surveys wore
completed during the year at a cost of $.-U),r.36.1)l, or $o.r)t) per acre. A total
of 620 j)arcels were surveyed, containing an average of 82,7 acres per parcel.
There can be no fair comparison between tlie work and cost of friar-land
surveys and public-land surveys. The avm*age area per parcel of public-land
surveys is nine times as grcuit as on friar-land surveys. The cost of survey
depends upon so many varying conditions that before a decision is reached that
the cost of the survey ex(\'uted by a particular surveyor is excessive, it is
necessary that a very close insi>ectlon should be made of all conditions affecting
the respective cost.
I have been unable, from any data on hand, to make a fair comparison of the
cost of surveying work executed by this bureau and the cost of such work
executed by other governments. Li owe ver, the following figures are given for
what 1 1 1 ey a r e \v o i* t h :
Public-land sul)di visions, United Staters (Geological Survo^y, Indian Territory
(topogi'ai)hic, 50 fec^t contoiu's and subdivision into 640-acre tracts) : Cost, $31
per square mile, or $0.05 i)er acre.
Ordnance survey, Great P>ritain (contours and private boundaries) : Cost,
$294 per square mile, or $0.46 per acre.
Cadastral survey, St. Louis, Mo. (contour and private boundaries) : Cost,
$7»>1) pin- square mile, or $1.16 per acre.
Cadastral survey, lialtiniore, I\ld. (contour and private boundaries) : Cost,
$4,070 per square mile, or $().36 per acre. (The above are taken from " Topo-
grai)hic Surveying." by II. M. Wilson.)
Public-land subdivision, Soutli Australia (subdivision into 80-acre tracts by
sold '(US) : Cost. $M.SO per sipnire mile, or $0.07 per acre.
l*ubll«'-land subdivision. New' Zealand (subdivision into <SO-ac]'e tracts and
"formation of roads") : Cost, $1,()00 i)er square nfile, or $2.5(i per acre. (The
above taken from " (Jeneral Frome on Surveying.") (English.)
Ca^Nistral surveys, bureau of lands, Philippine Islands: Average cost for fiscal
year 1008, $0l>5 i»er acre.
In none of these surveys does tbe question of clearing away tro])ical vegeta-
tion before surveying eiiter. This bureau has on hand the suiweyor general's
report for India for the last six years, but tliere a]>i)ear to be no ligures to
indicate the average cost i)er acre for surveying. There ct\n be no fair com-
parison of the work of surveying public or other lands in the Philippine Islands
with such surveys in the United States, with the exception of nuneral surveys.
It is understood that mineral surveyors in the United States charge from $75
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 347
to $100 for the survey of a ]ode claim, and tbere is an additional charge of $25
for checking the survey and for the preparation of pl;ins and descriptions in the
surveyor general's office, making a total of from $100 to $125 per claim, the
average size of which is slightly in excess of 4 hectares. In the Philippine
Islands the average cost of surveying mineral claims is $150 for chiims of 9
hectares each, including the checking, computing, and drafting hy the bureau of
lands. This is a fair comparison, and it seems that the work is being d<>ne in
the Philippine Islands for less than in the United States, if the area is to be
considered, Avhich would induce me to believe that the cost here is not excessive.
The same methods are used, and the same surveyors, for surveying other lands,
with the exception that the same degree of accuracy is not required as for
mining claims. It is therefore fair to conclude that the cost of surveying in
the Philippine Islands by the bureau of lands is not excessive.
The present condition of public-land surveys in the Philipphie Islands is such
that the average cost of such surveys will be materially reduced from that of
the past, due to the fact that this bureau has now 20 surveyors stationed in the
provinces, in which they make their headquarters, and therefore the cost of
transportation is materially reduced, as survey parties were formerly delayed
from two to three weeks awaiting transportation, and to these charges must
be added the cost of their transportation, which makes excessive the cost of
surveys. As an example of such expense, one case in which a parcel of land
measuring about 5 acres, located in Cagayan Province, will be cited. This
parcel, as stated, comprises about 5 acres, and must be surveyed by this bureau
at the cost of the insular government under the provisions of section (50 of act
1)26 (public-land act). The minimum cost, including transportation, subsistence,
and salaries of the survey party, will be approximately f^^GOO, or f*^120 per
hectare, and there appears to be no way to obviate this expense at the present
time.
There is hereby submitted for the consideration of the chief of the Rureau of
Insular Affairs a copy of the final plans of the Santa Rosa estate^ which has
just been completed by this bureau, including an index map of the estate, blue-
l)rint copies of the final sheets, and a copy of the lot descriptions. This is an
average estate, containing something over 5,0U0 hectares, and the survey of
which has been completed, the computations made, and the estate prc^pared for
its registration before the land court. This estate has been classified and will
be offered for sale during this fiscal year. A close inspection of these plans
will show a great amount of work, the great number of sides and angles to lots
and the irregularity throughout the estate, and when it is stated that only 70
per cent of this estate is occupied and only 64 per cent leased, and mush less
cultivated, the balance being overgrown, it may appear that the cost of the
surveys of this estate, viz, f*^37.000, or ^6.79 per hectare complete, extended
over a period of two years ;ind three months, is not excessive.
In answer to the last section of Gen. Edwards's letter, I do not think that
the question of putting the separate estates in the hands of the local native gov-
ernors has ever been contemplated except by the director of lands, after
consultation with Gen. Edwards, for the simple reason that the governors of the
various provinces concerned are usually in politics: that these (^states are
grouped mainly in four provinces — Cavite, Laguna, Bulacan, and Rlzal — and
occu))y so large a proportion of these provinces that, with the governor as ad-
ministrator, he could absolutely control the vote through his influence as agent
of the friar lands. Furthermore, the duties of the agents of those estates are
such as keep competent men constantly engaged in tlie work eitlier of leasing,
identifying, collecting rents, or selling parcels of land, so that it would appear
impossible, excei)t as a matter of general supervision, for a governor to inter-
vene in this question. The natives, however, do enter into the administration
of the estates to a great extent. For instance, the municipal treasurer of
Cauayan, province of Isabela, is the agent of the Isal)ela estate. The presi-
dente of the municipality of Naic has been the assistant agent of the Naic
estate for upward of three years. In the province of Bataan a native agent
has been in cliai-ge of the Orion estate for ui)ward of two years, but where
several estates ai-e combined for administrative purposes it has been found that
American agents in charge produce the most ethcient. as well as the most
economical, results, and the estates are now administered as follows:
Calamba, Binan. Santa Rosa, and Muntinlupa eslates, an American agent in
charge at Binan, with a native subagent at Calamba.
348 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Santa Cruz de Malabon and San Francisco de Malabon and Naic estates, an
American agent in cliarge, with snbagent at Naic.
Inins estate, American agent located at Inius.
• Binagbag, Danipol, San Marcos, Matamo, Gnigninto, Lolomboy, Malinta,
IMedad, Tula, and Santa Maria de Pandi estates, administered by an American
agent located at Bocane, Bnlacan Province, with a snbagent at Polo.
The Orion estate, administered by a native agent at Orion, Bataan Province,
but as tlie estate has been practically sold or permanent leases executed, said
agent will be relieved in the near future.
"J'alisay-Minglanilla and Banilad estates, in Cebu Province, administered by
an Anu^rican agent located at Cebu.
lsal)ela estate is administered by the municipal treasurer of the town of
Cauayan, under the supervision of the provincial treasurer of Isabela.
The San Jose de Mindoro estate is administered from Manila.
Thus it will be seen that there are only five American agents now on duty
on friar estates, with one inspector, who is continually checking up agents and
subagents, settling disputes, su])ervising suits for the collection of rents, classi-
fying land, etc., while in the friar lands division in the ofiice of the bureau
of lands are two Americans, one of whom is chief of tlie division and the
other engaged on various kinds of work, checking, etc., who is available to
relieve agents when on leave or absent from their stations, making a total
of 7 Americans employed in the administration of friar lands, together with a
superintendent of irrigation, or a total of 8 out of 70 employees engaged on
friar lands.
A further reduction in the supervising force of Americans employed on the
friar lands would, in my opinion, not only delay the work to l)e done, but
would, through inefficiency, increase rather than decrease the administrative
expense in the long run. Further, the tenants on friar lands are to-day fairly
well satisfied with the conditions, which have been explained to them time
after time ; and while they complain of the excessive value in some instances
of the estates which tliey desire to purchase, yet recent legislation extend-
ing the time for the purchase by Installments from 10 to 25 years has
remedied the condition to such an extent that the ])robable sale within the
next three years of the entire occupied area of friar lands may be anticipated.
Furthermore, the large number of town lots on these estates, which are natu-
rally the highest-priced property on these estates, will be sold outright for
cash, if the exi)erience in the sale of the Orion estate can be depended upon
for a precedent. This will place in the hands of the Government a large sum
of money during the next three years, which may probably be used advan-
tageously in the sinking fund of the friar-lands fund.
In closing this report I desire to invite your attention to the annual report
of the director of lands for the fiscal year 1908 relative to the friar-lands loan
fund and other measures taken to increase the cultivated area on friar lands.
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Mr. Parsons. In House Document No. 963, on pages 13 and 14, is
a " Schedule of rents of friar lands." I wish you would explain to
me in regard to that schedxile, so far as it relates to the Tala estate.
When was that schedule established?
Mr. Sleeper. I Avill have to look up that date.
Mr, Parsons. Under which of those classifications did Mr. Carpen-
ter pay rent?
Mr. Sleeper. None of them.
Mr. Parsons. None of them?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; except on certain parcels of land which he
rented under the same conditions that others did.
Mr. Parsons. This does not contain, then, the basis on which he
rented some of his land?
Mr. Sleeper. It contains the basis on which he rented a number
of small parcels or any land that he took over from land that became
unoccupied, having formerly been occupied by a former tenant.
Mr. Parsons. Does this schedule relate only to unoccupied land?
Mr. Sleeper. No; it relates to all lands.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 349
Mr. Parsons. Both occupied and unoccupied?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; both occupied and unoccupied.
Mr. Parsons. And does it relate to every parcel on this estate? .
Mr. Sleeper. Except in regard to those special leases — the special
lease to Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Parsons. Which of these rates apply there to occupied lands
that are taken up by the occupants?
Mr, Sleeper. According to the classification of the land.
Mr. Parsons. Apparently the highest priced land was first-class
nonirrigable land.
Mr. Sleeper. That was the highest priced agricultural land; yes,
sir.
Mr. Parsons. On the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. There was not any urban land on that, according
to this schedule?
Mr. Sleeper. No. There are no towns there to amount to anything.
Mr. Parsons. Was there any irrigable land on that estate?
Mr. Sleeper. We had no irrigation systems on the estate and did
not maintain any.
Mr. Parsons. Did the occupants take up lands at all those different
rents— the nonirrigable lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Did au}^ take up lands at the rents giA^en for first
and second class rural land ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Twenty centavos first class per hectare, and 10 cen-
tavos second class?
Mr. Sleitper. Yc^s, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know how many took up that way ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; but I can give that information as to any desig-
nated time.
Mr. Parsons. Are there any leases pending now to occupants
which have as low rates as 20 centavos and 10 centavos per hectare?
Mr. Sleeper. There are no leases on the Tala estate at the present
time except Mr. Carpenter's.
Mr. Parsons. All the rest has been sold ?
Mr. Sleeper. Everybody else has purchafed.
Mr. Parsons. Can you give any idea in regard to the purchasers as
to what the annual installment per hectare is on lands classified as
these are compared to what the rentals were? How much greater
were they?
Mr. Sleeper. I can not do that without comparing with a schedule
of the appraiHcmeiit of land on that estate. T think there must be
some mistake on this rural and urban lot schedule, as the price is per
meter or per are and not per hectare, as the case may be, and I think
there has been some misprint there.
Mr. Parsons. I wish you would look that up.
Mr. Sleeper. Agricultural land is usually by the hectare. Other
lands are by the ares or by centares, as the case may be. and I think
there is a misprint in this report.
Mr. Parsons. What is the difference between rural land and agri-
cultural land?
350 ADMINISTKATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. This is for building lots — building lots in small com-
munities, along roads and in barrios. Urban lots are lots in towns.
Mr. GARRETr. On that page, while you are there on page 13, there
IS a statement that I do not understand. It says:
No leases of more than 16 hectares to an individual, or 1,024 hectares to a
corporation or association of persons, have been made of i)nl>lic lands in the
Philii)pine Islands, and no such leases have been applied for, nor is it known
that any person acting as an agent or factor for any other person, association,
or corporation, has leased, or applied to lease, such lands in excess of the limit
mentioned above, except as mentioned in this rei)ort.
That last statement, " except as mentioned in this report," means
the report inmiediately preceding there?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. (xarreit^. That none except what is mentioned in that re-
port
Mr. Sleeper (interrupting). Yes, sir.
Mr. Helm. There are laws relating to the public lands, somewhat
similar to our laws in the AVest, as to the public domain for home-
steading, are there not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Helm. Those laws do not apply to the friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I do not understand so.
Mr. Helm. Why is that?
Mr. Sleeper. The homesteading laws apply to public lands per-
taining to the United States Government, and the friar lands do not
pertain to the United States Government. They are insular lands
purchased by the Philippine Government from bonds issued.
Mr. Helm. To what extent, if any, have the Filipinos homesteaded
the public domain there that is subject to preemption or homestead-
ing ?
The CiiAiR3L\N. I think we have already put in the record the laws
covering that matter.
Mr. Helm. I am trying to find out just for my own personal infor-
mation to what extent the Filipinos are showing a disposition to
acquire the lands.
Mr. Sleeper. Up to June 30, 1910, there had been 8,951 applica-
tions for homesteads received in my oflice.
Mr. Helm. How many have been granted?
Mr. Sleeper. There have been allowed 3,837.
Mr. Helm. What is the general disposition of the Filipino to apply
for these homestead rights?
Mr. Sleeper. There does not seem to be any general disposition.
Mr. Helm. Are they encouraged in any way by the office or the de-
partment to do so?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; we have published a great many documents
and given great publicity to the provisions of the public-lands act.
We have also sent inspectors into the provinces, in an endeavor to
get them to take up lands in one way or another; but they seem to
be disinclined to comply with the terms of the homestead law.
Mr. Hel^l To comply with them?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. sir.
Mr. Helm. What feature of the laws do they object to or com-
plain of ^
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 351
Mr. Sleeper. They object to living on the hind. They like to live
in the towns or barrios, and many complaints are heard in regard to
that provision of the law.
Mr. Helm. Do they manifest any taste or disposition to participate
in agriculture or cultivating of the lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I think most Filipinos in the provinces, outside of
the cities, have a disposition to have some land and have it under
cultivation.
Mr. Helm. Is this tendency or disposition increasing? In other
w^ords, is there any evidence on the part of the Filipinos to acquire
the hind, more so than formerly?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; in fact, when they were granted free patents,
absolutely free, without cost to them, it was with great difficulty that
we induced them to sign the necessary papers to have them get the
grants to their lands which they were olfered by the Government.
Mr. Helm. They are not attracted to agricidtural pursuits, as I
understand you?
Mr. Sleeper. I think they are attracted to the pursuits, but they
do not seem to have the initiative to go out and start for themselves.
There are many conditions there which are against it.
Mr. Jones. You spoke of lands owned by the friars south of the
San Jose estate to Avhich they had removed their cattle?
Mr. Sleeper, Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. In order to avoid having to pay rent?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Can you state where those lands lie, and give us some
idea of the extent of the lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not think they are actually owned by the friars,
but they seem to control them sidliciently so they have accjuired the
right to put their cattle on them. That is the tract of land Mr. Poole
was going down to look at when I caught him in my office.
Mr. Jones. Is that the tract of land on the Island of Mindoro?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; it is just close to the Mangarin Bay, as I
understand it, but south rather than north.
J\Ir. Jones. Do you know anything as to the extent of that body
of land.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I do not.
Mr. eloNES. Do the friars own or control through some agent or
corporation any other lands on that island than these?
Mr. Sleepier. Not to my knowledge; no, sir.
Mr. Jones. Do they own at this time, either in their own names or
control through the agents, lands in any other island than IMindoro?
Mr. Sleeper. They have those two estates adjoining the city of
Manila which they refused to sell. They also control, I presume,
through the Philippine Sugar Fstate Development Co., a tract of
land in the Santa Rosa estate of 200 hectares and two tracts of land
in the Calamba estate, all three of which they reserved from sale to
the Government, and some other small parcels.
Mr. Jones. Will you tell us about those two bodies near Manila?
One of them is known as the Mandaloyan estate?
JVlr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. That is on the Pasig River?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. What is the acreaue of that estate?
352 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to obtain the information. I do not have
it with me. I can obtain it here.
Mr. Jones. I will be glad if you will do so and give it to the
stenographer to insert in the record, so it may appear in to-day's pro-
ceedings, if you can.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(Mr. Sleeper subsequently informed the clerk that the acreage
above referred to was 10,082 1.)
Mr. Jones. What is the name of the other estate, and is that on the
Pasig River also?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the other is the San Juan del Monte estate.
Mr. Jones. Can you speak of the size of that?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I can not. I think the two estates are adjoining.
Mr. Jones. You will give that information as to the size of those
estates.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Please give that to the stenographer to insert in to-
day's record.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(Mr. Sleeper subsequently informed the clerk that the acreage
above referred to was 390.)
Mr. Jones. The object in buying these lands from the friars was to
bring about a state of tranquillity in the islands. Can you state why
these valuable agricultural estates were not included in the purchase?
Mr. Sleeper. I can not, except that I have heard they would not
sell them.
Mr. Jones. They refused to sell them?
Mr. Sleeper. That is my understanding.
Mr. Jones. There was some agreement entered into between the
then governor general of the islands and the Pope at Eome, was there
not, regarding the settlement of this question and the disposition of
all these friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. I may have read it, but I do not
remember it.
Mr. Jones. You do know, however, that when the time came to
dispose of the friar hinds to the I^hilippine government, the friars
refused to dispose of large tracts of agricultural lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know whether these estates could hardly be
called agricultural lands.
Mr. Jones. ITow would you describe them?
Mr. Sleeper. They are pretty poor lands, most of them, from
what I have seen of them. It is. agricultural, no doubt, down on the
river. There are town lots and residences in the towns, of course.
Mr. Jones. AVould you not say that this Madeloyan estate, which
is near Manila and right on the Pasig River, was among the most
vahud)le tracts of lands in the Philippines?
Mr. Sleeper. I think not for agricultural purposes; perhaps for
residence purposes it is.
Mr. eloNES. For residential purposes?
Mr. Sr.EEPER. Yes; or manufacturing purposes, it being on the
Pasig River.
Mr. Jones. Still it is rural property?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; it is.
Mr. Jones. Is it not within the confines of any town or city?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 353
Mr. Sleeper. Mo, sir. A portion of it absolutely could not be used
for agriculture.
l^vlr. Jones. That is true of a great many of the large tracts of land
in the Philippine Ishmds, is it not^
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. You could not give us any idea as to the value of those
estates on that riv-er, and you do not know why the friars refused to
part with that property?
Mr. Sleeper. No. sir.
]\Ir. Jones. To what use is that property being put now?
JMr. Sleeper. I think they are renting it out and trying to get some
rents for it from different people.
IMr. Jones. They have Filipino tenants on that property, have they
not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Men who could take up public lands and pay no rents
are living on that Land and paying rent to the friars to-day?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. They could homestead public lands. They
are having considerable difficulty about their rents.
Mr. Jones. You think the friars are having some difficulty in the
collection of rents from these tenants?
Mr. Sleeper. They have had.
Mr. Jones. Then those tracts of land are really a disturbing ele-
ment, since tiicre are these difficulties about the collection of rents?
Is not that so?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I do not think it reaches as far as that.
Mr. Jones. Could you tell us how far it has reached?
Mr. Sleeper. The only knowledge I have of the situation is the
fact that some of the friars or priests have told me they wish they
could run their estates like we run the friar estates, subdividing theiii
up to lease them to the tenants, and get along as well as we have;
because the trouble that we first had with the tenants has passed
by, and we are getting along very amicably with them, and the}^ are
pa^dng their rents and seem to be very well satisfied on the friar
estates, while they have difficulty in collecting their rents.
Mr. JoiNES. That have difficulty because they pursue some different
policy from the policy the Government piu'sues?
Mr. Sleeper. I presiune so.
Mr. Jones. Do you mean by that tliat their policy is less liberal
than the one pursued b}^ the Government?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is less liberal, and I think the people that
live on those lands do not like to pay — as a matter of sentunent —
rent to the friars. As a matter of fact, on those portions of the
Santa Rosa estate. Avliich were reserved by the Philijipirie Sugar
Estate Development Company, there is now considi ral>le afi:itafion
over the pa^-ing of the rents that they ask for that land, which is
first-class rice land, as compared to the rents that the Govf^rnment
charges. I have seen petitions from tliose people — and most of them
are also tenants on the Santa Rosa estate and have been allowed to
purchase — ^and I think they have petitioned the legislature to be
allowed to handle that land in the same way the friar estates were
handled, so they could ultimately get the titles.
Mr. Jones. I understand, then, that some of these lands are still
retained by the friars and are very fine agricultural lands?
354 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Some of it is; yes.
Mr. Jones. A great deal better land, is it not, than the land we
hare been speaking of to-day as sold to Mr. Worcester and Mr. Car-
penter and to Mr. Poole and others?
Mr. Sleeper. As to Mr. Carpenter and Mr. Worcester, it is very
much better land — these tracts. There are some of them irrigated
tracts of rice land.
The Chairman. Which is better, the ones the f riarse own now ?
Mr. Sleeper. The small tracts they reserved Avithin these estates.
Mr. Jones. How do they compare with the lands sold to Mr. Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. I think they are very much better,
because they are available, and they are also irrigated at the present
time, and his land was not.
Mr. Jones. Are they not very much better than the large measure
of land acquired by the Philippine Government from the Filipinos?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not quite understand that.
Mr. Jones. Are they not, as a matter of fact, great deal better
lands than the great majority of the lands acquired by the Philippine
Government from the friars?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I would not say that. Tlie large part of them
would run in about the same condition. We have a great deal of it
just as good as they have, perhaps better.
Mr. Jones. What proportion would you say of the lands acquired
by the Government are as good as the lands retained by the friars?
JMr. Sleeper. Including the tw^o Madeloyan and San Juan estates?
Mr. Jones. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. For agricultural purposes, we have very much better
lands than they have, if you include those tAvo estates. If you just
take the parcels of hmd that they have reserved, the three parcels of
any side or four parcels in the Calamba and Santa Rosa estates, we
probably have 10 times as much land just as good as or better than
they, right in those estates in that Province.
Mr. DonoLAS. What is that Province?
Mr. Sleeper. Laguna.
Mr. Jo^ES. The lands retained by the friars, however, or at least
those you have mentioned, you said were irrigated?
My. Sleeper. Yes, sir; two of the tracts are irrigated.
Mr. Jones. They are all being cultivated, are tliey not?
Mr. Sleeper. The Santa Kosa reserve tract is cultivated. One of
the tracts in the Cahimba estate is partially cultivoted, and the other
one they are cultivating at the present time, I believe.
Mr. Graham. Was not this reserved land in the Santa Rosa tract?
Mr, Sleeper. There was one tract of any size in there only, and
there were two iu the Calamba estate.
Mr. Parsons. There is a town called Calamba?
Mr. Sleerer. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Does it join tlint?
Mr. See I] PER. Yes, sir: it is all around that town.
Mr. Parsons. Do yon mean all around that township, or all around
that particular settlenuMit?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the entire township is on the estate.
Mr. Jones. I understand from your answers to my questions, Mr.
Sleeper, that here are several tracts of agricultural land still owned
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 355
by the friars, lands which they refused to sell to the Government
when the great bulk of their lands were purchased?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; that is as I understand it.
Mr. Jones. And those lands are now held by them, or by agents
of theirs ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. And for their benefit?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Did you state how many acres are included in those
reservations ?
Mr. Sleeper. I have not stated it; no, sir.
Mr. Madison. Give me the number of acres.
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to supply that. I do not have it in my
head.
Mr. Madison. Approximately how much is it?
Mr. Sleeper. Fifteen hundred acres.
Mr. Madison. That is all they have reserved ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Fifteen hundred acres?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
^ Mr. Madison. That is of all the lands which they owned at the
time of the purchase by this Government; they onlv reserved about
1,500 acres?
Mr. Sleeper. Not including the Madeloyan and San Juan estates.
Mr. Madison. They did reserve, those estates?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Those are large estates?
Mr. Sleeper. I tliink they are large estates, but I do not know the
area of them ; but they are large estates.
Mr. eToNES. The Madeloyan estate is at least 8,000 acres, is it not?
Mr. Sleeper. I should judge so.
Mr. Madison. And the other is as large?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; it is smaller. How large, I do not remem-
ber.
Mr. Madison. Assuming it is as large, there would be less than
20,000 acres that they reserved from the sale?
Mr. Sleeper. I would not care to sa}^ until I look the matter up.
Mr. Madison. Are tlie friars still on 'th(d island?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the friar orders have representatives in
Manila at least; I have seen tliem.
Mr. Madison. After the purchase of their land, did the majority
of the friars leave the island, or did they still remain?
Mr. Sleeper. I think most of them left tliere.
Mr. Madison. Do you have any idea how many of them still re-
main of these friars that own the land?
Mr. Sleeper. I have no idea whatever.
Mr. Madison. Is there any political or ottier difficulty with those
friars now — any clash with them?
Mr. Sleeper. None that I know of.
Mr. Madison. You can say the object of the purchase has in fact
been accomplished?
Mr. Sleeper. That is my idea of it ; yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. What is the name of those estates?
Mr. Sleeper. Madeloyan and San Juan del Monte.
356 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Just where are those estates?
Mr. Sleeper. They are adjoining the city of Manila on the east.
The San Juan del Monte does, at any rate, and that is joined by the
Madeloyan estate.
Mr. Graham. Has one of them a sugar plantation on it now, or
sugar manufactory?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; not to my knowledge.
Mr. Graham. Not any?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Graham. On some of the land they reserved was there not a
large sugar interest?
Mr. Sleeper. They reserved one small tract of land that had a
sugar mill on it.
Mr. Graham. Not a plantation?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. Are those lands in those larger estates as valuablCj
that are adjacent to the city of Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; I think they are.
Mr. Madison. Quite valuable?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I think they are very valuable.
Mr. Madison. Are there a great many towns on them ?
Mr. Sleeper. Several towns; a large population.
Mr. Madison. Really a portion of the suburbs of the city?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. In answer to a question by Mr. Helm awhile ago,
you stated there had been something over 8.000 applications for home-
steads?
Mr. SixEEPER. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garkett. That was up to July 1, 1910?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. And there have been something over 3,000 granted ?
Mr. Sleepp^r. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Do we understand that those others have been re-
fused ?
Mr. Sleeper. No. sir; not altogether.
Mr. Garrett. Can you state how many have been refused?
Mr. Sleeper. One thousand six hundred and twenty-three have
been rejected or canceled or withdrawn.
Mr. Garrett. Have those cancellations and rejections been for
dilFerent reasons in each specific case?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes. sir; in each case.
Mr. Gakrett. Then there is no general reason you could give that
w^ould be generally applicable to those rejections?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; there is no general reason. There are all
kinds of reasons.
Mr. Garrett. Can you instance some of the more common of the
reasons — some of the more usual reasons?
Mr. Sleeper. Noncompliance with the law in many instances, not
being of age, or not being legally entitled to acquire the land from
some cause or other. That is one of the causes.
Mr. Garrett. Tn brief, what are the provisions of the law? Of
course we can read it. but just give a brief statement of the neces-
sities. Have you there some acts of the Philippine Legislature on
the subject?
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 357
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(Mr. Hamilton here assumed the chair temporarily.)
Mr. Garre^ft. Mr. Chairman, I do not want to encumber the
record, but would it not be a good idea to have this go in the record?
I do not know where we can get this convenienth'. I suggest that
the local laws there applicable be printed in the record here; those
applicable to homesteading, for instance.
Mr. Hamilton (chairman pro tempore). Without objection, it will
be so ordered, although I desire to say to the committee I am only very
temporarily occupying this seat of honor. The chairman is 'here;
possibly he may want to reconsider the action of the committee.
(The chairman again assumed the chair.)
The Chairman. What is before the committee?
Mr. Garrett. I suggested the advisability of printing in the record
the local laws there on homesteading of public hinds.
The Chairman. Have you a copy of that here, Capt. Sleeper?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. They may go in the record at this point, if there is
110 objection.
(The public land act thus referred to is in the words and figures
following, to wit:)
The Public Land Act as Amendid by Act No. 979.
[No. 926.]
AN ACT Prescribing rules find regulations governing the homesteading, selling, and leas-
ing of portions of the public domain of the riiilijjpnio Islands, prescribing terms and
conditions to enable persons to perfect their titles to public lands in said islands, pro-
viding for the issuance of patents without compensation to certain native settlers upon
the public lands, providing for the establishment of town sites and sale of lots therein,
and providing for a hearing and decision by the court of land registration of all appli-
cations for the completion and confirmation of all imp(M-fect and incomplote Spanish
concessions and grants in said islands, as authorized by sections thirteen, fourteen, and
fifteen of the act of Congress of .Tuly first, nineteen hundred and two, entitled " An
act temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of civil government in
the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes."
By authority of the United States, he it enacted l)y the Philippine Coniniission,
that:
Chapter I.
HOMESTEADS ON THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.
Section 1. Any citizen of the Philii)])ine Islands, or of the Pnited States, or of
any insular possession thereof, over the a.^re of twenty-one years, or tlie liead of
a family, may, as hereinafter provided, enter a lioinestead of not exceeding six-
teen hectares of nnoccn])ied, unreserved, unappropriated a,c;ricn]tnral pnhlic land
in the Philippuie Islands, as defined by tlie act of Coni^ress of July first, nineteen
hundred and two, entitled "An act tem[)orarily to provide for the administra-
tion of the affairs of civil government iai tlie Philippine Islands, and for other
purposes," which shall be taken, if on surveyed lands, by legal subdivisions, but
if on unsurveyed lands shall be located in a body which shall be as nearly as
practicable rectangular in sliape and not more than eight hundred meters in
length ; but no person wlio is tlie owner of more than sixteen hectares of laud
in said islands or who has Inul the l)ei)ofits of any gratuitous allotment of six-
teen hectares of land since the accpiisition of the islands by the United States
shall be entitled to tlie benefits of this chapter.
Sec. 2. Any person applying to enter land under the provisions of this chapter
shall file with such officer as may be designated by law as local land officer, or
in case tliere be no such officer, then with the chief of the bureau of public
lands, an application under oath showing that he has the cpialifications re-
quired under section one of tliis chapter, and that he possesses none of the dis-
qualifications there mentioned: that such application is made for his exclusive
use and benefit ; that the same is made for the purpose of actual settlement and
358 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
cultivation, and not, eitber directly or indirectly, for the use or benefit of any
other person, persons, corporation, or association of persons; that the land
api)]ied for is nonniineral, does not contain valuable deposits of coal or salts, is
more valuable for agricultural than forestry purposes, and is not occupied by
any other person ; and showing the location of the land by stating the province,
municipality, and barrio in which the same is situated, and as accurate a de-
scription as may be given, showing the boundaries of the land, having reference
to natural objects and permanent monuments, if any. Upon the filing of said
application the chief of the bureau of public lands shall sunnnarily determine,
by inquiry of the chief of the bureau of forestry and from the available land
records, whether the land described is prima facie subject under the law to
homestead settlement, and if he shall find nothing to the contrary the appli-
cant, upon the payment of ten pesos, Philippine currency, shall be permitted to
enter the quantity of land specified : Provided, however, That, at the option of
the applicant, payment of said entry fee and of the fee prescribed in section
three hereof may be made in five annual installments of four pesos each. These
payments may be made to the municipal treasurer of the locality, who in turn
shall forward to the provincial treasurer the amounts received on this account.
In case of the delinquency of the applicant in the payment of any said install-
ments, thirty days after having become delinquent he shall lose ipso facto his
rights to the land in question, shall not be entitled to the reimbursement of the
installments which he may have paid, and the land shall become vacant and
open to entry by another.
8eo. 3. No certificate shall be given or patent issued for the land applied for
until the expiration of five years from the date of the filing of the application;
and if, at the expiration of such time or at any time within three years there-
after, the person filing such ai>plication shall prove by two credible witnesses that
he has resided ui-on and cultivated tlie land for the term of five yea^^5 innne-
(T'ately succeeding the time of filing the application aforesaid, and shall make
atlidavit that no ]iavt of said laud has been aiiennted or encun]l>ered, and that
he has borne true allegiance to the Government of the United States and that
of the Philippine Islands, then, upon payment of a fee of ten ])esos, Philippine
currency, to such officer as may be designated by law as local land officer, or in
case there be no such offieer, then to the chief of the bureau of public lands, he
shall be entitled to a i)atent: Provided, however, That in the event of the death
of an applicant |)rior to the issuance of a ])atent his widow shall be entitled to
have a patent for the land a]>])lied for issue to her upon showing that she has
consununated the requirements of law for homesteading the lands as above set
out; and in case the applicant dies before the issuance of the i)atent and does
not leave a widow, tben the iiiterest of the ap]>licant in the laud shall descend
and i)atent sball issue to the persons who mider the laws of the Pl!i]ii)])ine
Islands would have taken had the title been perfected by patent befort^ the
death of tlie aiiplicant, ujion proof by the persons thus entitled of compliance
with said requirements and conditions.
Sec. 3 fas a upended by Act 1SG4]. No certificate shall be given or patent
issued for the land applied for until the expiration of five years from the date of
filing of the applicati(^n ; and if, at the expiration of such time or at any time
within three years thereafb^- the person filing such ai)[)lication shall prove by
tw^o credible witnesses that he has resided upon the land for the last two years
innnediately i)receding the day of such pi'oof, and cultivated the land for the
term of five years immediately succeeding the time of filing the application
aforesaid, and shall make {rllidavit that no part of said land has been alienated
or encmnbered, and tliat he has borne true allegiance to the Government of
the United States and that of the Philip[)ine Islands, then, upon payment of a
fee of U'n pesos, Philijjpine currency, or upon the payment of the last of the
five installments |)rovided for in section two, to such officer as may be desig-
nated by law as local land officer, or in case there be no such officer, then to the
director of lands, he shall be entitled to a i)atent; Provided, hotcever, That in
the event of the death of an applicnnt prior to the issuance of a patent his
widow shall be entiiled to have a ])alent for the land applied for issue to her
upon showing that she has consununated the requirements of law for homestead-
ing the lands as above set out; and in case the applicant dies before the issu-
ance of the patent and does not leave a widow, then the interest of the appli-
cant in the laud shall descend and patent shall issue to the persons who under
the laws of the Phili])pine Lslands would have taken had the title been per-
fected by patent before the death of the applicant, upon proof by the persons
thus entitled of compliance with said requirements and conditions.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 359
Sec. 4. No lands acquired under the provisions of this chapter shall in any
event become liable to the satisfaction of any debt contracted prior to the
issuance of a patent therefor.
Sec. 5. If, at any time after the filings: of the application as hereinabove pro-
Tided and before the expiration of the period allowed by law for the niakini;
of final proof, it is proved to the satisfaction of the chief of the bureau of
public lands, after due notice to the homesteader, that the land entered is not
under the law subject to homestead entry, or tliat yie homesteader has actually
changed his residence, voluntarily abandoned the land for more than six months
at any one time during the two years of residence herein requn-ed, or has other-
wise failed to comply with the requirements of law, then in that event tlH»
chief of the bureau of public lands may cancel the entry, subject to nppval
under proper regulations to the Secretary of the Interior, and the land there-
upon shah become subject to disposition as other public lands of like character.
Sec. 6. Not more than one homestead entry shall be allowed to any one
person.
Sec. 7. F>efore final proof shall be submitted by any person claiming to ha\e
complied with the provisi(^ns of this chapter, due notice, as prescribal by the
chief of the bureau of ])ublic lands, with the approval of the Secretary ()f the
Interior, shall be given to the public of his intention to make sueii proof,
stating therein the time and place, and giving a description of the land and
the names of the witnesses by whom it is expected that the necessary facts will
be established.
Sec. 8. Any person may file an affidavit of contest against any honiestead
entry, charging tliat the land entered was not unoccui)ied, unreserved, or unap-
propriated agricultural land at the time of filing the application, alleging dis-
qualification of the entryman, noncom])Hance with law as to residence or culti-
vation, or any other matter which, if proven, w^ould be just cause for the can-
cellation of the entry, and upon successful termination of the contest, the
contestant, if a qualified entryman, shall be allowed a preference right of entry
for sixty days from said date.
The chief of the bureau of public lands or any public official becoming aware
of the existence of any of the grounds above stated, for impeaching or canceling
the entry, may file formal comi)laint against the entry on any such ground
which, if proven, shall cause the cancellation of tlie entry.
Sicc. 9. No patent shall issue under the provisions of this chapter until the
land has been surveyed under the direction of the chief of the bureau of public
lands and an accurate plat made thereof, the cost of which survey shall be
borne by the Insular Government.
CiT after II,
SAEES OF PORTIONS OF THE PUBEIC DOMAirT.
Sec. 10. Any citizen of the Philippine Islands, or of the United States, or of
any insular jiossession therefor, or any cor])oration or like association of
persons or.t^anized under the laws of the rhini)j)ine Islands or of the United
^•tates or any State, Territory, or insular possession thereof, and authorized
to transact business in the Philippine Islands, may purchase any tract of
unoccupied, unapproi^riated, and unresin-ved nonmineral agricultural ])nblic
land in the Philii)pine Islands, as defined in the Act of Congress of .Inly first,
nineteen hundred and two, not to exceed sixteen hectares for an idi vidua 1 or
one thousand and twenty-four hectares for a corporation or like association,
by proceeding as herc^inafter provided in this chai)ter: Prot'idcd, That jUo asso-
ciation of persons not organized as above and no mere partnershii) sliall be
entitled to purchase a greater quantity than will equal sixteen hectares for each
member thereof.
Sec. II. Purchases made under the provisions of this chapter of land pre-
vio^isly surveyed must be made of contiguous legal subdivisions. All lands
purchased hereunder, whether previously surveyed or not, in case the tract
sought to be purchased exceeds sixty-four hectares in area, must be taken
wherever possible, in the form of contiguous squares which shall contain at
least sixty-four liectares each: Provided, That in connection with the ])urcl]ase
of lands in one or more tracts of sixty-four hectares there may be purchased
one rectangular tract of thirty-two hectares, the longer side of which nuist be
contiguous to the square tract of sixty-four hectares, or to one of such tracts if
more than one be purcl#ased. In no case may lands purchased under the pro-
visions of this chapter be taken in such manner as to gain any such control of
360 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE I^NDS.
a!iy adjacent land, water, stream, shore line, way, roadstead, or other valuable
right as might be prejudicial to the interests of the public.
Sp:c. 12. An application to purchase land under this chapter must be filed
with such officer as may be designated by law as local land officer, or in case
there be no such officer then with the chief of the bureau of public lands. It
must be executed uruler oath and must state the citizenship of the applicant
and his post-office address; the location of the land desired, stating the province,
muulcipality, and barrio in which the same is situated, and as accurate a de-
scription as can be given, showing the boundaries of the land, having reference
to natural objects and permanent monuments, if any; a statement as to whether
any part of the land is occupied or improved, and that it is nonmineral in
character, more valuable for agicultural than for forestry purposes, and does
not contain deposits of coal or salts. The application of a cori)oration must
be accompanied by a certified co])y of its charter or articles of incorporation.
All unincorporated association must show that its members are severally pos-
sessed of the qualitications above required of individuals. In the case of a cor-
poration or association organized outside of the rhi1ip[)ine Islands there nuist
be attached to the ap])lication proper documentary evidence thni the law govern-
ing the transaction of business in the Philippine Islands by foreign corporations
or associations has been complied with.
8ec. lo. It shall be tlie duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands to
examine all api)lications to purchase under this chapter, and to determine
wliether the api)licant has the qualifications required in section ten thereof,
and from the certificate of the cbief of the bureau of forestry to determine
whether the land applied for is more valuable for agricultural than forestry
purposes. He shall re])ort his findings to the Secretary of the Interior, who,
after proper consideration and apiu'oval of same, shall order the sale to be
made.
It shall also be tlie duty of the chief of the bureau of public lancl^ to appraise
the laud aj spiled for under this chapter, wliieh apj)rals('ment shall not be less
than ten pesos. Phili])pine currency, per hectare, and in making this appraisal
he may call to his assistance any provincial or nuiuicii)al official of the province
in which tl;e land lies. When the land shall have been appraised, as herein-
above provided, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall advertise the
S!\me for sale by publishing a notice thereof once a Aveek for six consc'cutive
weeks in two uewspai)ers, one published at Manila and the other (if any such
there be) i)ul)lisl:ed near the land applied for, such notices to be pul)lished in both
the Kuglish and Spanish languages. The chic^f of the bureau of public lands shall,
with tlH^ a])proval of the Secretary of the Interior, prescribe, in addition to
the publication in newspapers, a suitable method of posting notice upon the
land sought to be purcluised or in the pueblo where the land is situated. The
notices shall state a dnte not earlier than ten days after the date of the last
publication of the notice in the nevrspaper published at Manila, upon which
date the chief of the bureau of public lands will award the land to the highest
bidder, or will call for new bids, or otherwise proceed as provided by law.
Sec. 14. All bids must be sealed and addressed to the chief of the bureau of
public lands, and must have inclosed therewith a certified check or a post-office
money order payable to his order, for twenty-five per centum of the amoinit
of the bid, which amount shall be retained, in case the bid is accepted, as part
payment of the purchase price: Provided, That no bids shall be considered
which are for less than the appraised value of the land.
Sec. 15. Upon the opening of the bids the land shall be awarded to the high-
est bidder. If there are two or more bidders which are higher than other
bidders and are equal, and one of such higher and equal bids is the bid of the
applicant, his bid shall be accepted. If, however, the bid of the applicant is
not one of such equal and higher bids, then the chief of the bureau of public
lands shall at once submit the lands for public bidding, and to the person mak-
ing the highest bid on such public auction the land shall be awarded, but no bid
received at such public auction shall be finally accepted until the bidder shall
have deposited twenty-five per centum of his bid, as required in section four-
teen. The deposits of all unsuccessful bidders shall be returned at once by the
chief of the bureau of public lands. The chief of the bureau of public lands.
with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, shall have authority to reject
any and all bids hereunder.
Sec. 16. Land sold under the provisions of this chapter must be paid for in
the following manner : The balance of the purchase price after deducting the
amount paid by check or post-office money order at the time of submitting the
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 361
bid, may be paid in full iiiK)n tho ninking of the award, or may be paid in
equal annual installments, or may be paid in one installment at the expiration
of five years from the date of the award. All sums remaining unpaid after
date of the award shall bear six per centum interest per annum from such
date until paid.
Sec. 17. No patent shall issue under the i)rovisions of this chapter until the
land has been surveyed under the direction of the chief of the bureau of
public lands and an accurate plat made thereof. The cost of such survey uuist
be borne by the purchaser, if a cori)oration or like association, aud if the sur-
vey be made in advance of the regular surveys of the islands; but where the
purchaser is an individual the cost of the survey shall be borne by tlie Insular
Govei'nment. Patents shall not issue until after the exinration of five years
from the date of the award, and before the same shall issue tlie purchaser nuist
show actual occupancy, cultivation, and imi)rovement of the premises for a
period of five years immediately succeeding the date of the award, and that
he has not sold the land or in any manner encmnbered the title.
Sec. 18. If at any time after the date of the award and before the issuance
of patent it is proven to the satisfaction of the chief of the bureau of public
lands, after due notice to tiae purchaser, that the purchaser has voluntarily
abandoned the land for more than one year at any one time, or has otherwise
failed to comply with the requirements of the law, then the land shall revert
to the Government and all prior payments of purchase money shall be forfeited.
Sec. 19. This chapter shall be held to authorize only one purchase of the
maximum amount of land liereunder by the same person, or by the same corpora-
tion or association of persons; and no corporation or association, any member
of which shall have taken the benefits of this chapter, either as an individual
or as a member of any other corporation or association, shall purchase any
other public lands under this chapter.
vSec. 20. In the event of the death of an individual ai^plicant subsequent to
the date of the filing of the application and iirior to the issuance of patent,
the distributees of his estate, as defined by law, may claim the privilege ot
being subrogated to the rights of the dec(\-;sed applicant, and if they consum-
mate the requirements of law for purchasing land hereunder, patent shall
issue to such distributees.
Sic. 21. If any land applied for under the i)rovisions of this chapter shtill
be actually occupied by any person who is qualified to make a homestead or
other entry under the public-land laws of the Pliili])pine Islands, or by any
native w^ho is entitled by law to a free i)atent, such person sliall be personally
served with notice as to his rights, and shall be allowed a preference right of
one hundred and twenty days within which to make entry or apply for i)atent.
Chapter III.
leases of portions of the public domain.
Sec. 22. Any citizen of the United States, or of the Philippine Islands, or of
any insular possession of the United States, or any corporation or association
of persons oi'ganized under the Uuvs of the Philiinnue Islands, or of the United
States, or of any State, Territory, or insular i>ossession thereof, authorizcHl by
the hnvs of its creation and by the laws of the Philippine Islands and the acts
of Congress api)licable thereto to transact business in the PJiilip]»ine Islands,
may lease any tract of unoccupied, unreserved, nonmineral agricultural i)ublic
lands, as defined by sections eighteen and twenty of the act of Congress ap-
proved July first, nineteen hundred and two, providing a temporary g<v\ern-
ment for the Philippine Islands, and so forth, not exceeding one thousand and
twenty-four hectares, by proceeding as hereinafter in this chapter indicated;
Provided, That no lease shall be })erm!tted to interfere with any prior claim
by settlement or occupation mitil the consent of the occupant €>r settler is first
had and obtained, or until such claim shall be legally extinguislied : .1//'/ pro-
vided further, That no corporation or association of persons shall be permitted
to lease lands hereunder which are not reasonably necessary to enable it to
carry on the business for which it was lawfully created and which it may
lawfully pursue in the Philippine Islands.
Sec. 23. Leases made under the provisions of this chapter, of land previously
surveyed, must be made of contiguous legal subdivisions. All lands leased
hereunder, whether previously survey<Hl or not, in case the tract sought to be
biased exceeds sixty-four hectares in area, must be taken where possible in the
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 27
362 ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
form of contiguous squares, which shall contain at least sixty-four hectares
each: P7'oridcd, That in connection with the lease of lands in one or more
tracts of sixty-fonr hectares there may be leased one rectangular tract of
thirty-two hectares, the longer side of which must be contiguous to tlie sciuare
tract of sixty-four hectares, or to one of sucli tracts if more tlian one be leased.
In no case may lands leased under the proNisions of this chapter be taken so
as to gain a control of adjacent land, water, stream, shore line, way, roadstead,,
or other valuable right which in the opinion of the chief of the bureau of public
lands would be prejudicial to the interests of the i)iibJlc.
Skc. 24. An application to lease land under this chapter must be executed
imder oath and tiled with such othcei- as may be designated by law as local
land ofticer of the district in which the land is situated, or in case there be
no such olhcer then with the chief of the bureau of public lauds, and must
show the following facts: The citizenship and post-ottice address of the appli-
cant; tlie location of the land, showing the province, municipality, and barrio
in whicli tlie same is situated, and as accurate a description as may be given,
showiiig the boundaries of the land, having reference to natural objects and
permanent monuments, if any ; a statement as to whether the land contains
any improvements or evidences of settlement and cultivation, and a statement
that it is nonmineral in character, more valuable for agricTiltural than for
forestry purposes, and does not contain deposits of coal or salts. Cor[)orations
and associations shall be required to file evidence of their legal existence and
authority to transact business in the Philippine Islands.
Sec. 25. All applicants for leases under the terms of this chapter must give
notice, by publication and by such otlier means as may be required by the chief
of the bni-eau of public lands, w^ith the api)roval of the Secretary of the Interior,
of intent to make ai)plication to lease the tract in question, which notice shall
slate the date when the application will be presented and shall describe as
definitely as practicable the land sought to be leased.
Sec. 26. It shall be the duty (^f tlie chief of the bureau of public lands to
examine all applications for leases under this chapter, and to determine
whether the applicant has the qualifications required in stn^tion twenty-two
hereof, and, from the certificate of tlie chief of the bureau of forestry, to deter-
mine wdiether the land applied for is more valuable for agricultural than for-
estry pin-poses, and further sunnnarily to determine from available records
whether the land is nonmineral and does not contain deposits of coal or salts.
He shall report his findings to the Secretary of the Interior, who, after ju'oper
consideration a>nd api)roval of the same, shall cause the lease to b(^ executed.
Sec. 27. The rate i)er hectare per ammm for lands leased imdi^r this cliapter
shall be fixed by the cliief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of
the Secn^tary of the interior, and shall in no case be less than fifty ceniavos,
Philip])ine currency, ])er hectare per annum; said rent shall be paid yearly in
advance, the first' p;\yment being deposited with the chief of the bureau of
public lands before the delivery of the lease.
Sec. 28. Leases hereunder shall run for a period of not more than twenty-
five years, but may be renewed for a second period of twenty-five years, at a
ratq to be fixed as above imlicated, which rate shall not be less than fifty
cent*avos per hectare and shall not exceed oue peso and fifty centavos, Phili])-
pine curreucv, i)er hectare. Land leased hereunder sliall not be assigned or
sublet without the consent of the chief of the bureau of public lands and the
Secretary of the Interior.
Sec 29. No land sliall be leased under the provisions of this chapter until
the land has been surveyed imder the direction of the chief of the bureau of
public lands and an accurate plat made thereof, the cost of survey to be borne
bv the lessee.
' Sec. 30. The lease of any lands under this cha])ter sliall not coTifer the right
to remove or dispose of any valuable timber excei)t as provided in regulations
of the bureau of foj-estry for cutting timber upon such lands. Nor shall such
lease confer the right to rcnnove or dispose of stone, oil, coal, salts, or other
minerals, but the lease as to the part thereof which shall be mineral may be
canceled by the chief of the bureau of public lands, with the ai)i)ro\'al of the
Secretary of tlie Interior, whenever the mineral character of such [lart shall
be made" satisfactorily to api)ear, after due notice to the lessee.
Sec 'H. The commission of waste or the violation of the forestry regulations
by the lessee shall work a forfeiture of his last payment of rent and render
him iial)le to immeiliate dispossession and suit for damage.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 3G3
ClIArTEIl IV,
FREE PATENTS TO NATIVE SETTLERS.
Sec. 32. Any native of the Pliilippine Islancjs nov^ an occupant and cultivator
of unreserved, unappropriated agricultural public land, as defined by the act
of Congress of July first, nineteen hundred and two, who has continuously
occupied and cultivated such land, either by himself or through his ancestors
since August first, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight ; or who, i)rior to August
first, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, continuously occupied and cultivated
such land for three years immediately prior to said date, and who has been
continuously since July fourth, nineteen hundred and two, until the date of
the taking effect of this act, an occupier and cultivator of such land, shall be
entitled to have a ])atent issued to him without compensation for such tract of
land, not exceeding sixteen hectares, as hereinafter in this chapter provided.
Sec. 33. Any person desiring to obtain the benefits of this chai)ter must, prior
to January first, nineteen hundred and seven, file an application for a patent
with such officer as may be designated by law as local land officer, or in case
there be no such ofiicer then with the chief of the bureau of public lands. Said
application must be executed under oath and must show tlie following facts:
The name, age, and post-ottice address of the applicant; that he is a native of
the Philippine Islands; the location of the land desired, stating the province,
municipality, and barrio in wdiich the same is situated, and as accurate a de-
scription as may be given, showing the boundaries of the land, having reference
to natural objects and permanent monuments, if any ; that the land is not
claimed or occupied by any other person; a statement as to the date when the
applicant or his ancestor, giving the name of ancestor and stating his relation-
ship to the api)licant, entered into occupntion and begun cultivation, and a de-
scription of the imiJrovements which have been made. If the first occui)ation and
cultivation is claimed through an ancestor, the applicant must show the name
of such ancestor and must file satisfactory evidence of the date and place of
his death and burial, in which case the patent shall issue in the name of the
heir or heirs of such ancestor as deilned by the laws of the Philippine Lslands.
Sec. 34. Upon receipt of said application it shall be the duty of the chief
of the bureau of public lands to cause a careful investigation to be made in
such manner as he shall deem necessary for the ascertainment of tlu^ truth
of the allegations therein contained, and if satisfied upon such investigation
that the applicant comes within the provisions of this chapt/}r, he shall cause
a patent to issue for the tract to such ap'plicant, or to tlie heirs of his ancestor,
as provided in the next preceHing section, not exceeding sixteen hectares in
extent: Provided, That no application shall be finally acted upon until notice
thereof has been published in the municipality and barrio in which the land is
located and adverse claimants have had an opi)ortunity to i)resent their claims :
And provided furiher, That no patent shall issue until the land has been sur-
veyed under the direction of the chief of the bureau of public lands and an
accurate plat made thereof.
Sec. 35. Lands acquired under the provisions of this chapter shall be inalien-
able and shall not be subject to incumbrance for a period of seven years from
the date of the issuance of the patent therefor, and shall not be liable for the
satisfaction of any debt contracted prior to the expiration of that period.
Chapter V.
TOWN SITES.
Sec. 30. Whenever in the opinion of the Secretary of the Interior it shall be
in the public interest to reserve a town site from the public land or to aecpiire
lands for such i)uri)ose by the exercise of the right of eminent domain, he
shall direct the chief of tiie bureau of public lands to hav(> such a survey of
the exterior boundaries of the land which he deems it wise so to reserve or
acquire.
Sec. 37. Upon tlie completion and return of the survey mentioned in section
thirty-six, the Secretary of the Interior shall forward the same to the Philip-
pine Commission with his recommendations.
Sec. 38. The commission, if it approve the recommendations of the Secretary
of the Interior, shall pass a resolution reserving the land surveyed, or such
864 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
part thereof as it may deem wise, as a town site, and a certified copy of such
resolution shall be sent to the chief of the bureau of public lands, who shall
record the same in the records of his office and forward a certified copy of
such record to the registrar of the province in which the surveyed land lies.
Sec. 89. It shall then be the duty of the chief of the bureau of public lands,
having recorded the resolution of the commission and the preliminary survey
accompanying the same, to direct a subdivision and plat of the land, in accord-
ance with the directions contained in the resolution approving the same, if
such resolution contained directions as to the method of subdivision, or, if it
contain no such direction, then in a manner which shall to the chief of the
bureau of public lands seem best adapted to the convenience and interest of the
public and the residents of the future town.
Sec. 40. The commission, by resolution, or in the absence of action in this
regard by the commission, the chief of the bureau of public lands, shall reserve
from the land to be plotted, lots of sufficient size and convenient situation for
public uses, as well as the necessary avenues, streets, alleys, parks, and plazas.
Sec. 41. The plat of the subdivision shall designate certain lots as business
lots and the remainder as residence lots, and shall also reserve and note the
lots of land owned by private individuals as evidenced by record titles, or as
possessed and claimed by them as private property: Provided, hoiDCver, That
the avenues, streets, alleys, parks, plazas, and lots shall be laid out on the
plat as though the lands owned or claimed by private i)ersons were part of the
public domain and part of the reservation, with a view to the i)ossible subse-
quent purchase or condemnation thereof, if deemed necessary by the proper
authorities.
kSec. 42. All lots, whether public or private, contained in the exterior bound-
aries sliall be plotted and numbered upon a general i)lan or system.
Sec. 4H. The plat of the subdivision of the reserve town site thus prepared
under the supervision of the chief of the bureau of public lands shall be sub-
mitted to the Secretary of the Interior for presentation to the commission for
its consideration, modification, amendment, or approval.
^PQ^ 44. The resolution of the commission approving the plat shall provide
whether the proceeds derived from the sale of lots shall be covered into the in-
sular treasury as general insular funds, or as a special fund to be devoted to
j)ublic improvements in or near the town site, and thereafter the receipts from
tbe sale of lots shall be applied as provided in the resolution of the commission.
Sec. 45. Where the i)roceeds of the sale are to constitute a fund to be devoted
to public improvements in or near the town site, the same shall be expended
as provided by law or resolution of the commission.
Sec. 46. When the plat of subdivision is approved by the commission it shall
be certified to the chief of the bureau of public lands, together with the resolu-
tion approving the same, and the chief of the bureau of public lands shall
record the saipe in the records of his office and shall forward a certified copy
of such record to the registrar of the province in which the land lies, to be by
such registrar recorded in the records of his office.
Sec 47. All lots except those claimed by or belonging to private owners and
claimants and excepting such lots and tracts as may be reserved for parks,
I)ublic buildings, and other public uses, shall be sold under the direction of the
chief of the bureau of public lands, as hereinafter in this chapter provided, and
the chief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of the Secretary of
the Interior, shall prescribe rules and regulations for the disposal of lots
hereunder.
Sec. 48. All lots in the reservation which are subject to sale as above pro-
vided, shall, if in the opinion of the Secretary of the Interior the value of the
lots is suthciently known to make an appraisement useful, be appraised by a
committee to be appointed by the chief of the bureau of public lands, with the
approval of the Secretary of the Interior.
Sec. 49. The lots in any such town site thus established and subject to sale,
shall, after the approval and recording of the plat of subdivision as above
provided, and after due advertisement, be sold at public auction to the highest
bidder; but no bid shall be accepted, in case of appraised lots, if the bid does
not equal two-thirds of the appraised value, and in the case of lots not appraised
the bid shall not be accepted if in the judgment of the chief of the bureau of
public lands and the Secretary of the Interior the bid is an inadequate price
for the lot.
Sec. 50. Not more than two residence lots and two business lots in any one
town site shall be sold to any one person, corporation, or association without
the specific approval of the Secretary of the Interior.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 365
Sec. 51. Lots which have been offered for sale in the manner herein pre-
scribed, and for which no satisfactory bid has been received, shall be again
offered for sale after due advertisement, and if at the second sale no satisfac-
tory bid is received, they may be sold at private sale by the chief of the bureau
of public lands for not less than their value, as appraised by a committee to be
appointed by the chief of the bureau of public lands with the approval of the
Secretary of the Interior.
Skc. 52. In any case in which, in the opinion of the commission, it shall be
necessary to condemn private lands within the reserved or proposed limits of a
town site, either for streets, alleys, parks, or as lots for public buildings or other
public uses, the commission shall pass a resolution declaring the necessity for the
same, which resolution shall be certified to the Attorney General, who shall at
once begin proceedings for the condemnation of the lands described in the reso-
lution, in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure,
Sec. 53. Town sites constituted under the provisions of this chapter on land
forming a part of an exit^ting municipality shall remain within the .iurisdiction
of such municipality until taken therefrom by legislative action of the com-
mission.
Chapter VI.
UNPERFECTED TITLES AND SPANISH GRANTS AND CONCESSIONS.
Sec. 54. The following-described persons or their legal successors in right,
occupying public lands in the Philippine Islands, or claiming to own any such
lands or an interest therein, but whose titles to such lands have not been per-
fected, may apply to the court of land registration of the Philippine Islands for
confirmation of their claims and the issuance of a certificate of title therefor
to wit :
1. All persons who prior to the transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the
United States had fulfilled all the conditions required by the Spanish laws and
royal decrees of the Kingdom of Spain for the purchase of public lands, includ-
ing the payment of the purchase price, but who failed to secure formal con-
veyance of title ;
2. All persons who prior to the transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the
United States, having applied for the purchase of public lands and having
secured a survey, auction, and an award, or a right to an award, of such lands,
did not receive title therefor through no fault upon their part:
3. All persons who prior to the transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the
United States, having applied for the purchase of public lands and having
secured a survey and award of same, did not, through negligence upon their
part, comply with the conditions of full or any payment therefor, but who after
such survey and award shall have occupied the land adversely, except as pre-
vented by war or force majeure, until the taking effect of this act;
4. All persons who were entitled to apply and did apply for adjustment or
composition of title to lands against the Government under the Spanish laws
and royal decrees in force prior to the royal decree of February thirteenth,
eighteen hundred and ninety-four, but who failed to receive title therefor
through no default upon their part;
5. All persons who were entitled to a gratuitous title to public lands by
" possessory proceedings " under the provisions of articles nineteen and twenty
of the royal decree of the King of Spain issued February thirteenth, eighteen
hundred and ninety-four, and who, having complied with all the conditions
therein required, failed to receive title therefor through no default upon their
part ; and
6. All persons who by themselves or their predecessors in interest have been
in the open, continuous, exclusive, and notorious possession and occupation of
agricultural public lands, as defined by said act of Congress of July first, nine-
teen hundred and two, under a bona fide claim of ownership except as against
the Government, for a period of ten years next preceding the taking effect of
this act, except when prevented by war or force majeure, shall be conclusively
presumed to have performed all the conditions essential to a Government grant
and to have received the same, and shall be entitled to a certificate of title to
such land under the provisions of this chapter.
All applicants for lands under paragraphs one, two, three, four, and five of
this section must establish by proper otlicial records or documents that such
proceedings as are therein required were taken and the necessary conditions
complied with : Provided, Jiowever, That such requirements shall not apply to
the fact of adverse possession.
866 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Sec. 55. All persons claiming title to Government lands not coming within
the classes specified in the preceding section are excluded from the benefits of
this chapter.
Sec. 56. Any person or persons, or their legal representatives or sucessors in
right, claiming any lands or interest in lands in the Philippine Islands, under
the provisions of this chai)ter, and who now desire or claim the right to have
such title perfected, must in every case present an application in writing to the
court of land registration praying that the validity of the alleged title or claim
be inquired into and that a certificate of title issue to them under the provisions
of the land registration act for the lands claimed.
Sec. 57. Such claims and applications shall conform as nearly as may be in
their material allegations to the requirements of an application for registration
under the provisions of section twenty-one and subsequent sections of the land
registration act, and shall be accompanied by a plan of the land and all docu-
ments evidencing a right on the part of the applicant to the land claimed. The
application shall also set forth fully the nature of the claim to the land, and
when ba§ed upon proceedings initiated under Spanish laws shall particularly
state the date and form of the grant, concession, warrant, or order of survey
under which the claim is made; by whom such grant, concession, warrant, or
order of survey was made; the extent of the compliance wnth the conditions
required by the Spanish law^s and royal decrees for the acquisition of legal
title, and if not fully complied with the reason for such noncompliance, to-
gether with a statement of the length of time such land or any portion thereof
has been actually occupied by the claimant and his predecessors in interest; the
use made of the land, and the nature of the inclosure, if any. The fees pro-
vided to be paid for the registration of lands under the land registration act
shall be collected from applicants under this chapter, except that upon the
original registration of land claimed hereunder no fee shall be required for
the assurance fund.
Sec. 58. Any applicant for registration of lands under the provisions of this
chapter may, upon petition directed to the chief of the bureau of public lands,
and upon payment of the fees as regulated by law, secure a survey and phm
of the lands claimed to be owned by him, which said plan shall be filed with
his ai)plication in the court of land registration.
Sec. 59. Upon the filing of claims and applications for registration in the
court of land registration, under this chapter, the same procedure shall be
adopted in the hearing of such cases and in the matter of appeal as is by
the land registration act provided for other claims, except that a notice of all
such applications, together with a plan of the lands claimed, shall be imme-
diately forwarded to the chief of the bureau of public lands of the Philippine
Islands, who shall be represented in all questions arising upon the consideration
of such ai)])lications by the attorney general of the Philippine Islands or by
any subordinate or assistant to the attorney general appointed for that purpose.
Sec. go. It shall be the duty of the examhier of title, upon reft^rence to him
of any such claim or application, to investigate all the facts alleged therein
or otherwise brought to his attention, and to make careful inquiry as to the
period of occupation of the land by the claimant or his predecessors in interest;
the nature of such lands ; the character of the inclosure, if any, and the extent
to which the land has been subjected to cultivation. He shall file a full report
of his investigation in the case, concluding with a certificate of his opinion
upon the merits of the claim.
Sec. 61. It shall be hnvful for the chief of the bureau of public lands, when-
ever in the opinion of the chief executive the public interest shall require it,
to cause to be filed in tlie court of land registration, through the attorney
general, a petition against the holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant of any
land in the Philippine Islands who shall not have voluntarily come in under
the provisions of this chapter or the land registration act stating in substance
that the title of such holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant is open to ques-
tion, or stating in substance that the boundaries of any such land which has
not been brought into court as aforesaid are open to question, and praying that
the title to any such land or the boundaries thei-eof or the right to occupancy
thereof be settled and adjudicated. Such petition shall contain all the data
essential to furnish a full notice thereof to the occupants of such land and to
all persons who may claim an adverse Interest therein, and shall be accompa-
nied by a plan of the land in question. The court shall cause service of notice
to be made as lu4)ther cases, and shall proceed to hear, try, and determine the
questions stated in such petition or arising in the matter, and settle and deter-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 367
inine the ownership of the land and cause certificate of title to be issued there-
for, as in other cases filed under this chapter.
Sec. 62. Whenever any lands in the Philippine Islands are set apart as town
sites, under the provisions of chapter five of this act, it shall be lawful for the
chief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of the Secretary of tlie
Interior, to notify the .judge of the court of land registration that such lands
have been reserved as a town site and that all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described ought forthwith to be brought within the operation
of tlie land registration act, and to become registered land within the meaning of
said registration act. It shall be the duty of the judge of said court to issue a
notice thereof, stating that claims for all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described must be presented for registration under the land
registration act in the manner provided in act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven, entitled "An act to bring immediately under the operation of the
land registration act all lands lying within the boundaries lawfully set apart for
military reservations, and all lands desired to be purchased by the Government of
the United States for military purposes." The procedure for the purpose of this
section and the legal effects thereof shall thereupon be in all respects as provided
in sections three, four, five, and six of said act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven.
Sec. 63. All proceedings under this chapter involving title to or interest in land
shall be conducted and considered as an application for registration of such land,
and the final decree of the court shall in every case be the basis for the original
certificate of title in favor of the person entitled to the property under the pro-
cedure prescribed in section forty-one of the land registration act.
Sec. 64. If in the hearing of any application arising under this chapter the
court shall find that more than one person or claimant has an interest in the
land, such conflicting interests shall be adjudicated by the court and decree
awarded in favor of the person or persons entitled to the land, according to the
laws of the Philippine Islands, except that where the action is voluntarily dis-
missed by the parties interested the order of the court shall be merely one of dis-
missal without affecting title.
Sec. 65. Whenever, in any proceedings under this chapter to secure registra-
tion of an incomplete or imperfect claim of title initiated prior to the transfer
of sovereignty from Spain to the United States, it shall appear that had such
claims been prosecuted to completion under the laws prevailing when instituted,
and under the conditions of the grant then contemplated, the conveyance of such
land to the api)licant would not have been gratuitous but would have involved
payment therefor to the Government, then and in that event the court shall,
after decreeing in whom title should vest, further determine the amount to be
paid as a condition for the registration of the land. Such judgment shall be cer-
tified to the bureau of public lands by the clerk of the court for collection of the
amount due from the pei-smi entitled to conveyance. Upon payment to the chief*
of the bureau of public lands of the price specified in the judgment the case
shall be returned by him to the court of land registration with a notation of such
payment, whereupon the registration of the land in favor of the party entitled
thereto shall be ordered by the court. If the applicant shall fail to pay the
amount of money required by the decree within a reasonable time after he
receives notice thereof, the court may order the proceeding to stand dismissed
and the title to the land shall then be in the Government free from any claim of
the applicant.
Sec 66. Whenever any judgment of confirmation or other decree of the court
involving public lands shall become final, the clerk of the court shall certify that
fact to the bureau of public lands, with a copy of the decree of confirmation or
judgment of the court, which shall plainly state the location, boundaries, and
area as nearly as may be of the tract involved in the decree or judgment, and
shall be accompanied by a plan of the land as confirmed or acted upon by the
court. In the event the original survey was made by the bureau of public lands
and the decree of the court conforms thereto no further proceedings shall be
required. When the original survey was made by the applicant or where the
tract confirmed by the court varies from the original survey as made by the
bureau of public lands, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall immediately
cause the tract, so confirmed by the court, to be surveyed at the cost of the
Insular Government, and shall, when such survey has been approved by him,
furnish a copy of same to the court of land registration and to the applicant,
which survey when approved by the court, and unless objected to by the appli-
cant within thirty days, shall be conclusively presumed to be correct. If objec-
366 ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Sec. 55. All persons claiming title to Government lands not coming within
the classes specified in the preceding section are excluded from the benefits of
this chapter.
Sec. 5G. Any person or persons, or their legal rei)resentatives or sucessors in
right, claiming any lands or interest in lands in the Philippine Islands, under
the provisions of this chapter, and who now desire or claim the right to have
such title perfected, must in every case present an application in writing to the
court of land registration praying that the validity of the alleged title or claim
be inquired into and that a certificate of title issue to them under the provisions
of the land registration act for the lands claimed.
Sec. 57. Such claims and applications shall conform as nearly as may be in
their material allegations to the requirements of an application for registration
under the provisions of section twenty-one and subsequent sections of the land
registration act, and shall be accompanied by a plan of the land and all docu-
ments evidencing a right on the part of the applicant to the land claimed. The
application shall also set forth fully the nature of the claim to the land, and
when bafeed upon proceedings initiated under Spanish laws shall particularly
state the date and form of the grant, concession, warrant, or order of survey
under which the claim is made; by whom such grant, concession, warrant, or
order of survey was made; the extent of the compliance with the conditions
required by the Spanish laws and royal decrees for the acquisition of legal
title, and if not fully complied with the reason for such noncompliance, to-
gether with a statement of the length of time such land or any portion thereof
has been actually occupied by the claimant and his predecessors in interest; the
use made of the land, and the nature of the inclosure, if any. The fees pro-
vided to be paid for the registration of lands under the land registration act
shall be collected from applicants under this chapter, except that upon the
original registration of land claimed hereunder no fee shall be required for
the assurance fund.
Sec, 58. Any applicant for registration of lands under the provisions of this
chapter m;iy, upon petition directed to the chief of the bureau of public lands,
and upon payment of the fees as regulated by law, secure a survey and plan
of the lands claimed to be owned by him, which said plan shall be tiled with
his application in the court of land registration.
Sec. 59. Upon the filing of claims and applications for registration in the
court of land registration, under this chapter, the same procedure shall be
adopted in the hearing of such cases and in the matter of appeal as is by
the land registration act provided for other claims, except that a notice of all
such applications, together with a plan of the lands claimed, shall be imme-
diately forwarded to the chief of the bureau of public lands of the Philippine
Islands, who shall be represented in all questions arising upon the consideration
of such applications by the attorney general of the Philippine Islands or by
any subordinate or assistant to the attorney general appointed for that purpose.
Sec 60. It shall be the duty of the examhier of title, upon reference to him
of any such claim or application, to investigate all the facts alleged therein
or otherwise brought to his attention, and to make careful inquiry as to the
period of occupation of the land by the claimant or his predecessors in interest;
the nature of such lands; the character of the inclosure, if any, and the extent
to which the land has been subjected to cultivation. He shall file a full report
of his investigation in the case, concluding with a certificate of his opinion
upon the merits of the claim.
Sec 01. It shall be lawful for the chief of the bureau of public lands, when-
ever in the opinion of the chief executive the public interest shall require it,
to cause to bo filed in the court of land registration, through the attorney
general, a petition against the holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant of any
land in the Philippine Islands who shall not have voluntarily come in under
the provisions of this chapter or the land registration act stating in substance
that the title of such holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant is open to ques-
tion, or stating in substance that the boundaries of any such land which has
not been brought into court as aforesaid are open to question, and praying that
the title to any such land or the boundaries thereof or the right to occupancy
thereof be settled and adjudicated. Such petition shall contain all the data
essential to furnish a full notice thereof to the occupants of such land and to
all persons who may claim an adverse interest therein, and shall be accompa-
nied by a plan of the land in question. The court shall cause service of notice
to be made as in4)ther cases, and shall proceed to hear, try, and determine the
questions stated in such petition or arising in the matter, and settle and deter-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 367
inme the ownersliip of the land and cause certificate of title to be issued there-
for, as in other cases filed under this chapter.
Sec. 02. Whenever any lands in the Pliilippine Islands are set apart as town
sites, under the provisions of cliapter five of this act, it shall be law^ful for the
chief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of the Secretary of the
Interior, to notify the judge of the court of land registration that such lands
have been reserved as a town site and that all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described ought forthwith to be brought within the operation
of tlie land registration act, and to become registered land within the meaning of
said registration act. It shall be the duty of the judge of said court to issue a
notice thereof, stating that claims for all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described must be presented for registration under the land
registration act in the manner provided in act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven, entitled **An act to bring immediately under the operation of the
land registration act all lands lying within the boundaries lawfully set apart for
military reservations, and all lands desired to be purchased by the Government of
the Ignited States for military purposes." The procedure for the purpose of this
section and the legal effects thereof shall thereupon be in all respects as provided
in sections three, four, five, and six of said act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven.
Sec. 63. All proceedings under this chapter involving title to or interest in land
shall be conducted and considered as an application for registration of such land,
and the final decree of the court shall in every case be the basis for the original
certificate of title in favor of the person entitled to the property under the pro-
cedure prescribed in section forty-one of the land registration act.
vSec. 64. If in the hearing of any application arising under this chapter the
court shall find that more than one person or claimant has an interest in the
land, such conflicting interests shall be adjudicated by the court and decree
awarded in favor of the person or persons entitled to the land, according to the
laws of the Philippine Islands, except that where the action is volvmtarily dis-
missed by the parties interested the order of the court shall be merely one of dis-
missal without affecting title.
Sec 65. Whenever, in any proceedings under this chapter to secure registra-
tion of an incomplete or imperfect claim of title initiated prior to the transfer
of sovereignty from Spain to the United States, it shall appear that had such
claims been prosecuted to completion under the laws prevailing when instituted,
and under the conditions of the grant then contemplated, the conveyance of such
land to the api)licant would not have been gratuitous but would have involved
payment therefor to the Government, then and in that event the court shall,
after decreeing in whom title should vest, further determine the amount to be
paid as a condition for the registration of the land. Such judgment shall be cer-
tified to the bureau of public lands by the clerk of the court for collection of the
amount due from the person entitled to conveyance. Upon payment to the chief,
of the bureau of public lands of the price specified in the judgment the case
shall be returned by him to the court of land registration with a notation of such
payment, whereupon the registration of the land in favor of the party entitled
thereto shall be ordered by the court. If the applicant shall fail to pay the
amount of money required by the decree within a reasonable time after he
receives notice thereof, the court may order the proceeding to stand dismissed
and the title to the land shall then be in the Government free from any claim of
the applicant
Sec. 6i\ Whenever any judgment of confirmation or other decree of the court
involving public lands shall become final, the clerk of the court shall certify that
fact to the bureau of public lands, with a copy of the decree of confirmation or
judgment of the court, which shall plainly state the location, boundaries, and
area as nearly as may be of the tract Involved in the decree or judgment, and
shall be accompanied by a plan of the land as confirmed or acted upon by the
court. In the event the original survey was made by the bureau of public lands
and the decree of the court conforms thereto no further proceedings shall be
required. When the original survey w^as made by the applicant or where the
tract confirmed by the court varies from the original survey as made by the
bureau of public lands, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall immediately
cause the tract, so confirmed by the court, to be surveyed at the cost of the
Insular Government, and shall, when such survey has been approved by him,
furnish a copy of same to the court of land registration and to the applicant,
which survey when approved by the court, and unless objected to by the appli-
cant within thirty days, shall be conclusively presumed to be correct. If objec-
366 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Sec. 55. All persons claiming title to Government lands not coming within
the classes specified in the preceding section are excluded from the benefits of
this chapter.
Sec. 56. Any person or persons, or their legal representatives or sucessors in
right, claiming any lands or interest in lands in the Philippine Islands, under
the provisions of this chai)ter, and who now desire or claim the right to have
such title perfected, must in every case present an application in writing to the
court of land registration praying that the validity of the alleged title or claim
be inquired into and that a certificate of title issue to them under the provisions
of the land registration act for the lands claimed.
Sec. 57. Such claims and applications shall conform as nearly as may be in
their material allegations to the requirements of an application for registration
under the provisions of section twenty-one and subsequent sections of the land
registration act, and shall be accompanied by a plan of the land and all docu-
ments evidencing a right on the part of the applicant to the land claimed. The
application shall also set forth fully the nature of the claim to the land, and
when bafeed upon proceedings initiated under Spanish laws shall particularly
state the date and form of the grant, concession, warrant, or order of survey
imder which the claim is made; by whom such grant, concession, warrant, or
order of survey was made; the extent of the compliance with the conditions
required by the Spanish laws and royal decrees for the acquisition of legal
title, and if not fully complied with the reason for such noncompliance, to-
gether with a statement of the length of time such land or any portion thereof
has been actually occupied by the claimant and his predecessors in interest; the
use made of the land, and the nature of the inclosure, if any. The fees pro-
vided to be paid for the registration of lands under the land registration act
shall be collected from applicants under this chapter, except that upon the
original registration of land claimed hereunder no fee shall be required for
the assurance fund.
Sec. 58. Any applicant for registration of lands under the provisions of this
chapter may, upon petition directed to the chief of the bureau of public lands,
and upon payment of the fees as regulated by law, secure a survey and plan
of the lands claimed to be owned by him, which said plan shall be filed with
his application in the court of land registration.
Sec. 59. Upon the filing of claims and applications for registration in the
court of land registration, under this chapter, the same procedure shall be
adopted in the hearing of such cases and in the matter of appeal as is by
the land registration act provided for other claims, except that a notice of all
such applications, together with a plan of the lands claimed, shall be imme-
diately forwarded to the chief of the bureau of public lands of the Philippine
Islands, who shall be represented in all questions arising upon the consideration
of such applications by the attorney general of the Philippine Islands or by
any subordinate or assistant to the attorney general appointed for that purpose.
Sec 60. It shall be the duty of the examiner of title, upon reference to him
of any such claim or application, to investigate all the facts alleged therein
or otherwise brought to his attention, and to make careful inquiry as to the
period of occupation of the land by the claimant or his predecessors in interest;
the nature of such lands ; the character of the inclosure, if any, and the extent
to which the land has been subjected to cultivation. He shall file a full report
of his investigation in the case, concluding with a certificate of his opinion
upon the merits of the claim.
Sec 61. It shall be lawful for the chief of the bureau of public lands, when-
ever in the opinion of the chief executive the public interest shall require it,
to cause to be filed in the court of land registration, through the attorney
general, a petition against the holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant of any
land in the Philippine Islands who shall not have voluntarily come in under
the provisions of this chapter or the land registration act stating in substance
that the title of such holder, claimant, possessor, or occupant is open to ques-
tion, or stating in substance that the boundaries of any such land which has
not been brought into court as aforesaid are open to question, and praying that
the title to any such land or the boundaries thei'eof or the I'ight to occupancy
thereof be settled and adjudicated. Such petition shall contain all the data
essential to furnish a full notice thereof to the occupants of such land and to
all persons who may claim an adverse interest therein, and shall be accompa-
nied by a plan of the land in question. The court shall cause service of notice
to be made as in4>ther cases, and shall proceed to hear, try, and determine the
questions stated in such petition or arising in the matter, and settle and deter-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 367
inine the ownership of the land and cause certificate of title to be issued there-
for, as in other cases filed under this chapter.
Sec. 02. Whenever any lands in the Philippine Islands are set apart as town
sites, under the provisions of cliapter five of this act, it shall be lawful for the
chief of the bureau of public lands, with the approval of the Secretary of tlie
Interior, to notify the judge of the court of land registration that such lands
have been reserved as a town site and that all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described ought forthwith to be brought w^ithin the operation
of tJie land registration act, and to become registered land within the meaning of
said registration act. It shall be the duty of the judge of said court to issue a
notice thereof, stating that claims for all private lands or interests therein
within the limits described must be presented for registration under the land
registration act in the manner provided in act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven, entitled "An act to bring immediately under the operation of the
land registration act all lands lying within tlie boundaries lawfully set apart for
military reservations, and all lands desired to be purchased by the Government of
the United States for military purposes." The procedure for the puri)ose of this
section and the legal effects thereof shall thereupon be in all respects as provided
in sections three, four, five, and six of said act numbered six hundred and
twenty-seven.
Sec. 63. All proceedings under this chapter involving title to or interest in land
shall be conducted and considered as an application for registration of such land,
and the final decree of the court shall in every case be the basis for the original
certificate of title in favor of the person entitled to the property under the pro-
cedure prescribed in section forty-one of the land registration act.
Sec. 64. If in the hearing of any application arising under this chapter the
court shall find that more than one person or claimant has an interest in the
land, such conflicting interests shall be adjudicated by the court and decree
awarded in favor of the person or persons entitled to the land, according to the
laws of the Philippine Islands, except that where the acllon is voluntarily dis-
missed by the parties interested the order of the court shall be merely one of dis-
missal without affecting title.
Sec. 65. AVhenever, in any proceedings under this chapter to secure registra-
tion of an incomplete or imperfect claim of title initiated prior to the transfer
of sovereignty from Spain to the United States, it shall appear that had such
claims been prosecuted to completion under the laws prevailing when instituted,
and under the conditions of the grant then contemplated, the conveyance of such
land to the applicant would not have been gratuitous but would have involved
payment therefor to the Government, then and in that event the court shall,
after decreeing in whom title should vest, further determine the amount to be
paid as a condition for the registration of the land. Such judgment shall be cer-
tified to the bureau of public lands by the clerk of the court for collection of the
amomit due from the person entitled to conveyance. Upon payment to the chief*
of the bureau of public lands of the price specified in the judgment the case
shall be returned by him to the court of land registration with a notation of such
payment, whereupon the registration of the land in favor of the party entitled
thereto shall be ordered by the court. If the applicant shall fail to pay the
amount of money required by the decree within a reasonable time after he
receives notice thereof, the court may order the proceeding to stand dismissed
and the title to the land shall then be in the Government free from any claim of
the applicant.
Sec. 66. Whenever any judgment of confirmation or other decree of the court
involving public lands shall become final, the clerk of the court shall certify that
fact to the bureau of public lands, with a copy of the decree of confirmation or
judgment of the court, which shall plainly state the location, boundaries, and
area as nearly as may be of the tract involved in the decree or judgment, and
shall be accompanied by a plan of the land as confirmed or acted upon by the
court. In the event the original survey was made by the bureau of public lands
and the decree of the court conforms thereto no further proceedings shall be
required. When the original survey was made by the applicant or where the
tract confirmed by the court varies from the original survey as made by the
bureau of public lands, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall immediately
cause the tract, so confirmed by the court, to be surveyed at the cost of the
Insular Government, and shall, when such survey has been approved by him,
furnish a copy of same to the court of land registration and to the applicant,
which survey when approved by the court, and unless objected to by the appli-
cant within thirty days, shall be conclusively presumed to be correct. If objec-
368 ADMINISTRATIOIT OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
tion is made to the survey by the applicant, the court, upon notice to the bureau
of public lands, shall hear such objections, and its action in the matter shall be
final.
Sec. 67. No title to, or ri.crht or equity in, any public lands in the Philippine
Islands may hereafter be accpiired by prescription or by adverse possession or
occupancy, or under or by virtue of any laws in effect prior to American occu-
pation, except as expressly provided by laws enacted or provided since the acqui-
sition of the islands by the United States.
Chapter VII.
GENERAL PROVISIONS.
Sec. 68. The short title of this act shall be " The public land act."
Sec. 60. The chief of the bureau of public lands, under the supervision of
the Secretary of the Interior, shall prepare and issue such forms and instruc-
tions, consistent with this act, as may be necessary and proper to carry into
effect all the provisions thereof that are to be administered by or under the
direction of the bureau of public lands, and for the conduct of all proceedings
arising under such provisions.
Sec. to. While title to public lands in the Philippine Islands remains in the
Government, the chief of the bureau of public hinds, under the supervision of
the Secretary of the Interior, shall be charged with the immediate executive
control of the survey, classification, lease, sale, and other disposition and man-
agement thereof, and the decisions of the bureau as to questions of facts re-
lating to such lands shall be conclusive when approved by the Secretary of the
Interior.
Sec. 71. The civil governor, for reasons of public policy, may, from time to
time, by proclamation, designate any tract or tracts of public lands in the
Philippine Islands as nonalienable, and thereafter the same shall be withdrawn
from settlement, entry, sale, or other disposition under any of the public-land
laws of the islands until again made subject thereto by law^ of the islands.
Sec. 72. Provincial secretaries and all other persons that may be designated
as mining recorders shall, in their capacities as such recorders, be subject to
the supervision of the chief of the bureau of public lands.
Sec. 73. All patents or certificates for lands disposed of under this law shall
be prepared in the bureau of public lands and shall issue in the name of the
Ihiited States and the Phili[)pine Government under the signature of the civil
governor ; but sucli patents or certificates shall be effective only for tlie purposes
defined in section one hundred and twenty-two of the land registration act, and
the actual conveyance of the land shall be effected only as provided in said
section.
Sec 74. All persons receiving title to Government lands under the provisions
of this act, shall hold such lands subject to the same public servitudes as existed
upon lands owned by private persons under the sovereignty of Spain, including
those with reference to the littoral of the sea and the banks of navigable rivers
or rivers upon which rafting may be done.
Sec. 75. The beneficial use of water shall be the basis, the measure, and the
limit of all rights thereto in said islands, and the patents herein granted shall
be subject to the right of the Government of these islands to make sucli rules and
regulations for the use of water and the protection of the water supply, and for
otlier public purposes, as it may deem best for the public good. Whenever, by
priority of possession, rights to the use of water for mining, agricultural, manu-
facturing, or other purposes have vested and accrued, and the same are recog-
nized and acknowledged by the local customs, law^s, and decisions of the courts,
the possessors and owners of such vested riglits shall be maintained and pro-
tected in the same, and all patents granted under this act shall be subject to
any vested and accrued rights to ditches and reservoirs used in connection with
such water rights as may have been acquired in the manner above described
prior to April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine.
Sec 76. There is hereby reserved from the operation of all patents, certifi-
cates, entries, and grants by the Insular Government authorized under this act,
the right to use for the i)urposes of i)Ower any flow of water in any stream
running through or by the land granted, the convertible power from which at
ordinary low water exceeds fifty horsepower. Where the convertible power in
any stream running through or running by land granted under the authority
of this act thus exceeds fifty horsepower, and there is no means of using such
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 369
power except by the occupation of a part of the land granted under authority
of this act, then so much land as is reasonably necessary for the mill site or
site for the powerhouse, and for a suitable dam and site for massing the water,
is hereby excepted from such grant, not exceeding four hectares, and a right
of way to the nearest public highway from the land thus excepted, and also a
right of way for the construction and maintenance of such flumes, aqueducts,
wires, poles, or other conduits as may be needed in conveying the water to the
point where its fall will yield the greatest power, or the power from the point
of conversion to the point of use, is reserved as a servitude or easement upon
the land granted by authority of this act: Provided, hoivever, That wlion the
Government or any concessionaire of the Government shall take possession of
land under this section wliich a grantee under this act shall have i)aid for,
supposing it to be subject to grant under this act, said grantee shall be entitled
to indemnity from the Government or the concessionaire for the amount, if
any, paid by him to the Government for the land taken from him by virtue of
this section: And provided further, That with respect to the flow of water,
except for converting the same into power excecnling fifty horsepow^er, said
grantee shall be'entitled to the same use of the water flowing through or along
his land that other private owners enjoy by the laws of the Philippine Islands,
subject to the governmental regulation provided in the previous section. AVater-
power privileges in which the convertible power at ordinary low water shall
exceed fifty horsepower shall be disposed of only upon terms to be embodied
in a special act of the commission until a general law shall be passetl concerning
the use, lease, or acquisition of such water privilege.
Sec. 77. Any person who shall wilfully and knowingly submit, or cause to be
submitted, any false proof, or who shall make, or cause to be made, any false
atliilavit in support of any application or claim in any manner respecting the
public lands of the Philippine Islands, shall be deemed guilty of perjury and
punished accordingly.
Sec. 78. The provisions of this act shall extend and apply to all provinces and
places of the Philippine Archipelago except the More Province and the provinces
of Lepanto-P>ontoc, Benguet, PriJ'agna, and Nueva Vizcaya : but tlie i)rovisions
of this act or of any chapter hereof may at any time, by resolution of the
Philippine Gommission, be extended over and p\it in force in any of the prov-
inces or any part thereof hereby excepted from its operation.
Sec. 79. When this act shall have been approved by the President of the
United States and shall have received the express or implied sanction of
Congress, as provided by section thirteen of the act of Congress a])prove(l July
first, nineteen hundred and two, entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the
administration of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and
for other purposes," such facts shall be made known by tbe proclamation of the
civil governor of the islands, and this act shall take effect on the date of such
proclamation.
Enacted October 7, 1903.
Resolutions Extending Operation of the Public-Land Act.
The Philippine Conunission has passed the following resolutions extending the
application of the public-land act, or portions thereof, to certain territory,
therein mentioned, which has heretofore been excepted from the operation of
said law :
EXCERPT FROM THE MINUTES OF THE PHILIPPINE COMMISSION OF DECEMBER 22, 1905.
" Resolved, That in accordance with the provisions of section seventy-eight of
act Numbered Nine hundred and twenty-six, ordinarily known as the public-
land act:
"(1) Said public-land act in its entirety be extended over and put in force
throughout the district of Zamboanga, in ^that portion of the district of Lanao
not included in the basin of Lake Lanao, 'and in that portion of the district of
Davao included in the municipalities of Mati, Baganga, Caraga, and Cateel ;
•'(2) That Chapter III of said act, relating to leases of portions of the public
domain, be extended over and put in force throughout the entire district of
Cotabato, with the exception of Cotabato Island, on which the town of Cotabato
is located, the island of Tamonttika, the area included within a circle whose
370 ADMINISTRATION OF PinLIPPINE LANDS.
radius is three miles and whose center is the central point in the masonry fort
at Eehia Regente, and the area within a circle whose radius is three miles and
whose center is the central point in the masonry fort at Pilvit;
"(3) That Chapter I of said act, relating to homesteads on tlie piihlic domain,
be extended over and put in force in Cotabato Island, on which the town of
Cotabato is situated, the isUmd of Tamontaka, the area included within a circle
whose radius is three miles and w^hose center is the central point in the
masonry fort at Ileina Regente, and tlie area within a circle whose radius is
three miles and whose center is the central point in the masonry fort at Pikit;
"(4) That Chapter III of said act, relating to releases of portions of the
]jublic doman, be extended over and put in force in that portion of the district
of Davao not included in the municipalities of Mati, Baganga, Caraga, and
Catoel, witli the excei)tion of the territory embraced within a circle having a
radius of five miles and whose center is the central point in the district jail at
Davao;
"(5) That chapter I of said act, relating to homesteads on the public domain,
be extended over and put in force in the municipalities of jVIati, Baganga,
Cjiiaga, and Cateel, and the territory embraced witliin a circle" having a radius
of live miles and whose center is the central point in the district jail at Davao ;
"(0) That Chapter III of said act, relating to leases of portions of the public
domain, be extended over and put in force in the island of Tawi Tawi, in the
district of Sulu ;
*'(T) That Chapter I of said act, relating to homesteads on the public domain,
be extended over and put in force in the following areas of the district of Sulu :
The land within a circle whose radius is a mile and a half from the center of
the central point of the main landward gatew%ay in the walls of the city of
Jolo, the land within a circle whose radius is a mile and a half and wliose
center is the central point in the masonry fort in the town of Siasi, and all
other portions of the district of Sulu for the time being exempted from the
provisions of the land act.
"(8) That Chapter IV of said act, relating to free patents to native settlers,
in its entirety be extended over and put in force throughout the whole of the
?\Ioro I'rovince: and
" That the legislative council of the Moro Province is directed to make known
tln'oiighout the lu-ovince the foregoing resolutions and particularly the limita-
tions imposed by the public-land act as to the time within which native settlers
may obtain free patents by virtue of Chapter IV of the public-land act."
EXt'i EFT FROM THE MINUTES OF THE PmLIPPlNE COMMISSION OF DECEMDER 22, 1905.
"The acting president presented to the commission the question of the exten-
sion of act Numbered Nine hundred and twenty-six, known as * The Public-Land
Act,' in its eiitiroiy, to tlie Pkp iiire of Palawan, formerly called Paragua :
After due consideration, it was, on motion,
" Resolved, Tliat in accordance with the ])rovisions of section seventy-eight
of act numbered nine hundred and twenty-six, ordinarily known as ' the public
land act,' the said public land act, in its entirety, be immediately extended over
and i)ut in force throughout the entire province of Palawan, formerly know^n as
the province of Paragua ; and
" Resolved furtliev, That the provincial board of the province of Palawan is
directed to make known the contents of the foregoing resolution, so far as
j)racticable, to all the municipalities and settlements of the province, and to
afford such assistance as may be in its power to the people to enable them to
avail themselves of the provisions of the law enacted in their behalf."
EXCERPT FROM THE MINUTES OF THE PHILIPPINE COMMISSION OF DECEMBER 23,
1905.
''.Resolved, That the provisions of Chapter IV of act numbered nine hundred
and twenty-six, known as ' the imblic land act,' be, and are hereby, immediately
extended to the provinces of Benguet,' Nueva Vizcaya, and Lepanto-Bontoc ; and
" Be it further resolved, That the provincial board of the said provinces are
hereby directed to take adequate means to inform the residents of the various
municipalities and settlements of their provinces of the adoption of the fore-
going resolution, and of the necessity of taking advantage of its provisions
before January first, nineteen hundred and seven."
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 371
The entire act was extended to the province of Nueva Vizcaya, except the
territory formerly included in the Spanish comandancias of Binatangan and
Qniangan, by resolution of the connnission of August 2, 1906.
Chapter VI of the act, except suddivision 6 of section 54 thereof, was ex-
tended to the whole of the Moro Province by resolution of the commission of
December 29, 1906. All other provisions of the act were extended to the Moro
Province by resolution of the commission of October 12, 190S.
Chapters I, II, III, IV, V, and VII of the act were extended to the province
of Benguet, the subprovinces of Amburayan and Lepanto, and the township of
Bontoc, Mountain Province, by resolution of the commission of October 12, 1908.
First PHiLipriNE Legislature
Special Session
A I A. B.
/ I No. 237.
[No. 1864.]
AN ACT Amending Chapter One of act Numbered Nine hundred and twenty-six by pro-
viding that payment of homestead entry fees may be made in instnllments, and by
limiting the residence required by said chapter to the last two years immediately pre-
ceding the date of final proof.
By authority of the United States, he it enacted try the PhiUypine Legislature,
that:
Section 1. Section two of act Nmnbered Nine hundred and twenty-six is
hereby amended by adding at the end thereof the following :
" Provided, hotcever, That at the option of the applicant, payment of said
entry fee and of the fee prescribed in section three hereof may be made in
five annual installments of four pesos each. These payments may be made to
the municipal treasurer of the locality, who, in turn, shall forward to the pro-
vincial treasurer the amounts received on this account. In case of the delin-
quency of the applicant in the payment of any said installments, thirty days
after having become delinquent, he shall lose ipso facto his rights to the land
in question, shall not be entitled to the reimbursement of the installments
which he may have paid, and the land shall become vacant and open to entry
by another."
Sec. 2. Section three of act Numbered Nine hundred and twenty-six is hereby
amended by inserting after the words " that he has resided upon " the follow-
ing: "the land for the last two years immediately preceding tlie day of such
proof," and after the words *' Phi]ii)pine currency," the following: "or upon
the payment of the last of the five installments provided for in section two," so
that it shall read as follows:
"Sec. 3. No certificate shall be given or patent issued for the land applied
for until the expiration of five years from the date of the filing of the api){iea-
tion; and if, at the expiration of such time, or at any time within three years
thereafter, the person filing such application shall prove by two credible wit-
nesses that he has resided upon the land for the last two years immediately
preceding the day of such proof, and cultivated the land for the term of five
years immediately succeeding the time of filing the application aforesaid, and
shall make affidavit that no part of said land has been alienated or encumbered,
and that he has borne true allegiance to the Government of the United States
and that of the Philipi)ine Islands, then, upon payment of a fee of ten pesos,
Philippine currency, or upon the payment of the last of the five installments
provided for in section two, to such officer as may be designated by law as
local land officer, or in case there be no such officer then to the director of
lands, he shall be entitled to a patent : Provided, hotcever. That in the event
of the death of an applicant prior to the issuance of a patent, his widow shall
he oatitled to have a patent for the land applied for issue to her upon showing
that she has consunnnated the requirements of law for homesteading the lands
as above set out; and in case the applicant dies before the issuance of the
patent and does not leave a widow, then the interest of the applicant in the
land shall descend and patent shall issne to the persons who under the laws
of the Philipp'ue Islands would have taken, had the title been i)erfected by
patent before the death of the applicant, upon proof, by the persons thus en-
titled, of compliance with said requirements and conditions."
372 ADMINISTRATION OF PHIUPPINE LANDS.
Sec. 3. Saction five of act Numbered Nine hundred and twenty-six is hereby
amended oy subFtituting the word " two " for the word *' five," so that it shall
read as follows :
" Sec. 5. If, at any time after the filing of the application as hereinabove
provided and before the expiration of the period allowed by law for the mak-
ing of final proof, it is proved to the satisfaction of the director of lands,
after due notice to the homesteader, that the land entered is not under the law
subject to homestead entry, or that the homesteader has actually changed his
residence, voluntarily abandoned the land for more than six months at any
one time during the two years of residence herein required, or has otherwise
failed to comply with the requirements of law, then in that event the director
of lands may cancel the entry, subject to appeal under proper regulations to
the Secretary of the Interior, and the land thereupon shall become subject to
disposition as other public lands of like character."
Sec. 4. When this act shall have been approved and sanctioned in accordance
with section thirteen of the act of Congress approved July first, nineteen hun-
dred and two, entitled *'An act temporarily to provide for the administration
of the affairs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for other pur-
poses," such facts shall be made known by proclamation of the Governor General
of the islands, and this act shall take effect on the date of such proclamation.
Enacted, June 18, 1908.
First Philippine Legislature, 1 f C. B.
Second Session. / INo. 84.
[No. 1908.1
AN ACT Amending section fifty-four of act numbered nine hundred and twenty-six, entitled
" Tlie public land act," by more definitely fixing tlie period of occupation of land acquired
as a basis for perfecting title thereto.
By authority of the United States, he it enacted by the Philippine Legislature,
that :
Section 1. Subsection six of section fifty-four of act numbered nine hundred
and twenty-six, entitled " The public land act," is hereby amended so as to read
as follows:
'* 6. All persons who by themselves or their predecessors in interest have been
in the open, continuous, exclusive, and notorious possession and occupation
of agricultural public lands, as defined by said act of Congress of July first, nine-
teen hundred and two, under a bona fide claim of ownership except as against
the Government, for a period of ten years next preceding the twenty-sixth day of
July, nineteen hundred and four, except when prevented by war or force majeure,
shall be conclusively presumed to have performed all the conditions essential
to a Government grant and to have received the same, and shall be entitled
to a certificate of title to such land under the provisions of this chapter."
Sec. 2. When this act shall have been approved and sanctioned in accordance
with section thirteen of the act of Congress approved July first, nineteen hun-
dred and two, entitled "An act temporarily to provide for the administration
of the aft'airs of civil government in the Philippine Islands, and for other pur-
poses," such fact shall be made known by proclamation of the Governor Gen-
eral of the islands, and this act shall take effect on the date of such procla-
mation.
Enacted May 19, 1909.
Mr. Garrett. Can you state briefly, without reading, what the
necessities are to secure a homestead there?
Mr. Sleeper. Of lawful age, or the head of a family, limited to the
filing of an application for 16 hectares of unappropriated, unre-
served, nonmineral public land. They must pay a fee for the
entrance.
Mr. Garrett. How much?
Mr. Sleeper. Ten pesos altogether, which is covered in a period of
five years, and then ^10 on the final application. They hav^ to
ADMINISTEATION OP PHILIPPUSTE LANDS. 373
reside on the land for the last two years immediately preceding the
filing of final proof. Their application must show the location of the
land, and a plat must be furnished, and it must be passed upon by
the forestry officials as more valuable for agriculture than forestry.
Mr. Parsons. What improvements do they have to make?
Mr, Sleeper. They have to live on the land and cultivate it for a
part of the time.
Mr. Parsons. How much of it do they have to cultivate?
Mr. Sleeper. Five years immediately succeeding the time of filing
the final application.
Mr. Parsons. How much do they have to cultivate? How much
of the 16 hectares do they have to cultivate — all of it?
Mr. Sleeper. Practically; yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. It is estimated there are something like 60,000,000
acres of public lands there, is it not ?
Mr. Sleeper. We estimate it at 45,000,000 acres.
Mr. Garrett. Scattered all through all the provinces?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. You spoke of the applicant having to furnish a plat.
He furnishes that at his ow^n expense ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is merely a penciled plat showing the location,
so our inspectors can locate the land.
Mr. Garrett. So that the total cost by way of final fees to the
person making application to secure a homestead is iP20 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Ten dollars?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. That is the total cost to the applicant.
Mr. Garrett. Does he have to pay any taxes on the land during
the time he occupies it before the perfection of title ?
Mr. Sleeper. Not until he has got the title in liis own name.
Mr. Garrett. Briefly, what is the Torrens title system? Just how
does that work ?
Mr. Sleeper. An application is filed before a land court for title to
a piece of land, which may be in dispute or the title is unsettled. The
court hears the evidence, after the plans have been presented, and
determine whether or not under the law the applicant is entitled to
a title. It also gives notice to the public that the title is in question
and gives them an opportunity to be present and heard. If the court
determines the title is in the applicant, then the applicant, on pay-
ment of one-tenth of 1 per cent of the appraised value of the land,
is given the title guaranteed by the Government.
Mr. Garrett. Are land offices established there in sufficient num-
bers to be convenient to all ?
Mr. Sleeper. Each provincial treasurer is a local land officer.
Each secretary of the municipality is required to make out any docu-
ments relating to land applications. Otherwise there are no land
officers.
Mr. Douglas. There are no exclusive land offices?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. These officers attend to tliat business with other
business ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. You were asked some time ago by the chairman, in
substance, what was your opinion, independent of any legal question
374 ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
that might be involved, as to the advisability of disposing of these
friar lands in the manner they have been disposed of. You replied
you thought it was a good policy. Did you mean you thought it was
good policy from a business standpoint or from just what standpoint
did you mean?
Mr. Sleeper. From a general standpoint as well as a business
standpoint. I believe it is a good policy to dispose of those lands and
bring them under cultivation for the benefit of the community.
Mr. Garrett. The objection that would apply, assuming that that
be an objection, to removing the limitation of the public land hold-
ings would apply with equal force to the friar lands, would it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Not quite.
Mr. Garrett. Why ?
Mr. Sleeper. AVe have no bonds issued on the public lands and no
particular expense.
Mr. Garrett. Upon the question of policy, though— and I am ask-
ing you this independently, as the chairman did, of the legal propo-
sition involved — the real foundation for the provision in the organic
act allowing the limitation of the amount of the holdings that can be
'acquired of public lands, was a desire to preserve them against cor-
poration control, and it was not believed to be sound policy to per-
mit too much of it to come under the control of one individual or
one corporation. So far as the policy of it is concerned, if that be an
objection, why would it not apply with equal force to the friar lands?
Mr. Sleeper. If we were (o adopt the po]ic}7 that you did not
want your lands cultivated, I presume that would apply. If 3^ou did
not want to progress industrially and agriculturally in the Philip-
pine Islands, that would be true.
Mr. Garrett. You think it would be a good idea to remove the
limihition as to public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I certainly do.
Mr. Garrett. Do you tliink it would be a good policy to remove the
limitation as to the amount that can be held by a corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. I certainly do.
Mr. Garrett. An agricultural corporation?
Mr. Sleeper. I do; yes. sir.
Mr. Garrett. Your reason for that, of course, is that it would
induce development and progress in the islands?
Mr. Sleeper. It would induce prosperity amongst all classes of
people to have those lands cultivated.
Mr. Parsons. What limit would you propose?
Mr. Sleeper. I Avould give tliem enough land so they could afford
to go out there and put it under cultivation, whatever w^as deemed
sufficient for their business, and not give them control of entire
islands or entire communities. If it takes 10,000 acres for proper
sugar industry, I should give them 10,000 acres.
Mr. Jones. Should they be the judges as to the amount?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; I think the legislature should limit it some-
how.
Mr. Helm. Are there any attractive manufacturing features con-
nected with this Worcester tract of land that we have referred to
this morning?
Mr. Sleeper. Xot to my knowledge: no, sir.
Mr. Helm. By reason of location on this river?
ADMINISTEATIOISr OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 375
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; not to my knowledge.
Mr. Garrett. Do these leases carry the right of renewal — that is,
givinir preference to the lessee? The leases are for three years, under
the h\w?
Mr. Sleeper. The friar-land leases?
Mr. Garrett. No; the public-land leases?
Mr. Sleeper. The}^ are for 25 years, with the privilege of renewal
for 25 years more.
Mr. Garrett. The friar lands are three years?
Mr. Sleeper. That is tlie extreme limit we can give such leases for.
Mr. Garrett. In those leases is there any provision that the lessee
shall have the preference of renewal at the end of his period?
Mr. Sleeper. Unless the lessee or lessor advises the other, the
leases continue in elTect under the law of the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Parsons. Is that friar lands or public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Friar lands.
Mr. Garret^t. You say unless one advises the other?
Mr. Sleeper. Unless one of the parties advises the other, the leases
continue in effect, if they go over 15 days. That is the law in the
islands, I believe.
Mr. Garrett. Without having to be renewed?
Mr. Sleeper. Without being renewed, and they have not been
renewed; the last leases have not been renewed. After we found
out the actual area and the actual value of the land and the correct
rental value and names of the individuals, the leases were not renewed.
They continued right along until they were offered for sale.
Mr. Parsons. Under what conditions does the Government as the
lessor decline to rencAv the lease?
Mr. Sleeper. There have been no such conditions, unless they otFcr
the land for sale. Then it puts it up to them whether they shall take
a sale certilicate and change their method of payment, or whether
they shall continue leasing. That is the eight-day notice that the
law provides that I shall give to each occupant when the land is ready
for sale, giving him the option of purchasing or leasing or giving up
the land.
Mr. Parsons. They have the preference?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; there is where the preference comes in.
Mr. Garrett. Mr. Sleeper, is this public land as a rule in large
bodies?
Mr. Sleeper. I should say it w^as in very large tracts in a great
many different sections of the country. We do not know exactly
where it is. We are endeavoring to find out by elimination where
it is. There are large tracts we know of in nearly all the islands.
Mr. Garrf/tt. Mindanao — that is the wild island, is it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Exactly.
Mr. Garrett. I presume there is not much demand for public lands
down on that island, is there?
Mr. Sleeper. There has been about as much demand there, and
Americans have taken up certain lands down there.
Mr. Garrett. Of these more than 8,000 applications, how many
were by Filipinos?
Mr. Sleeper. Practically all, I might say. There may be 50 or 100
Americans, but they are all practically Filipinos.
The Chairman. Is that all, gentlemen?
376 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Representative Martin (of Colorado). Mr. Chairman, I beg per-
mission to address the committee before calling another witness, for
the purpose of requesting the committee to permit me to ask Mr.
Sleeper some questions.
The Chairman. The resolution which the committee adopted prior
to the commencement of this hearing provides for the examination of
witnesses by members of the committee and concludes by stating that
any persons not members of the committee desiring questions put to
witnesses shall submit them in writing to the committee, and if
deemed proper by the committee, they shall be put to the witness by
the chairman or such other member of the committee as he may desig-
nate for that purpose.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Chairman, I move that Mr. Martin, who made
ihese charges originally upon which this resolution was based, be
permitted now to ask such questions as may be deemed proper, the
chairman of this committee to be the judge of whether or not they
are proper.
The Chair:man. The Chair ought to state, before we consider that,
that other parties have asked permission to cross-examine witnesses.
1 had a letter sometime ago from counsel for, I think, the purchasers
of these lands, or representing parties interested in the San Jose
estate; I will not be sure that they asked permission to cross-examine
witnesses, but counsel did state they would like to represent those
people at the hearing, and counsel representing other interests have
asked permission to examine the witnesses.
Mr. Jones. My motion applies only to a Member of the House, now.
The Chairman. And to the one Member of the House alone?
Mr. Jones. Yes.
Mr. EucKER. I second the motion.
Mr. Jones. I would like to have Mr. Martin's opinion as to
whether he would be willing to submit to any time limit, or whether
he has any idea as to what time it will take to examine Mr. Sleeper.
Mr. JMartin. It might take 15 or 20 minutes.
Mr. Douglas. Mr. Chairman, I move to amend the motion of Mr.
Jones by giving Mr. Martin 30 minutes, then.
Mr. Garrett. He, of course, will probably be governed by the
answers that are made. I think we could rely upon Mr. Martin
being perfectly reasonable about this, if the privilege is accorded
himTand not trifling with the committee. I do not feel like putting
a limitation of time upon him.
(Here ensued informal discussion which the stenographer was
directed not to record.)
The Chairman. I suggest we sus])end the examination of this
witness, and in the meantime take this matter up in executive session.
The Chair would like to know the pleasure of the committee with
regard to a continuance of this session, or when the next meeting
shall be.
Mr. 1^\RS0NS. I move we take a recess until 1.45.
Mr. Hamilton. What is the objection to letting Mr. Martin cross-
examine the witness at this time?
Mr. Martin. I do not want to be placed in a position of embar-
rassing the members of the committee by handing them notations of
matters that occur to me to be asked. I do not like to assume that
attitude. I have noticed some points with reference to wdiicli I want
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 377
to ask some questions, and would like to ask the questions directly
in order to save that annoyance to the committee.
Mr. Douglas, You feel it will not take more than 15 or 20 minutes?
Mr. Martin. I do.
Mr. Parsons. Let us vote on that.
The Chairman. I would like to inquire the sense of the committee
as to the next session.
Mr. Parsons. Mr. Chairman, I move that when the committee
takes a recess, it shall be until 2 o'clock.
(The motion was duly seconded, put, and carried.)
The Chairman. What is the pleasure of the committee?
Mr. Garre^tt. I favor continuing through to-day, except I am in
favor of a slight adjournment for lunch.
The Chx\irman. What time would you suggest for lunch?
Mr. Garrett. I suggest we go into executive session just before we
convene at 2 o'clock.
Mr. Hamilton. Why not have our executive session now, and then
take a recess until 2 o'clock ?
The Chairman. That seems to be the better plan. The committee
will now go into executive session.
(Thereupon, at 1 o'clock p. m., the committee went into executive
session, after which a recess was taken until 2 o'clock p. m.)
after recess.
The committee met at 2 o'clock p. m., pursuant to taking recess,
Hon. Marlin E. Olmsted in the chair.
The Chairman. The secretary will read the resolution which was
adopted in executive session.
The clerk of the committee read as follows :
Resolved, That the request of Representative Martin to submit questions to
Capt. Sleeper be granted.
The Chairman. This committee has determined to suspend the ex-
amination of Capt. Sleeper for the purpose of examining Mr. Car-
penter, who desires to be examined at this time.
TESTIMONY OF FRANK W. CARPENTER.
Frank W. Carpenter, called as a witness, being first duly sworn,
testified as follows :
The Chairman. Mr. Jones, will you examine this witness?
Mr. Jones. Mr. Carpenter, what, if any, official position do you
occupy in the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Carpenter. At the present time I hold the position known as
executive secretary.
Mr. Jones. Capt. Sleeper, in his testimony, stated that you had
leased, I believe, with a contract w^hich permitted you to purchase,
some 2,067 hectares of land in the Tala estate. He went quite fully
into that transaction. You heard his testimony, did you not?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
Mr. Jones. Is there anything you desire to add to what he said on
that subject ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; on practically every point I would like
very much to be questioned. I was unfortunate, inasmuch as at the
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 28
378 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
time he was on the stand I did not have a pencil or paper to make
notes. I regret that very much indeed, and not having complete
notes, I hesitate to undertake a statement which would complete the
matter. One point is that of the area. The area which I have
at present is 1,694 and a fraction hectares, some 300 hectares less than
the amount which I had at the end of the .fiscal year, which is the
period of the annual report of the director oi lands.
Mr. Jones. You mean by that that you had disposed of some of
this land ?
Mr. Carpenter. Some transfers that were pending. I was in
the United States at the end of the fiscal year. I left Manila in
March and was in the United States until the latter part of June,
when I returned to the islands. On my return there were three
transfers which the manager on my place told me were practically
ready for disposal, and in fact two of them were transferred at once.
They were small parcels. They were transferred at once. One
parcel, which was a larger one, I discussed with the man to whom
the land was transferred, and transferred a short time after my
arrival in Manila.
Mr. Jones. Then when you left the Philippines to visit the United
States you left your land matters in the hands of your
Mr. Carpenter (interposing). Partner-manager.
Mr. Jones. Who had power to contract for the sale and disposition
of that land?
Mr. Carpenter. He did not hold a power of attorney to transfer,
to make the actual transfers; but from the beginning of my status
as a tenant on the Tala estate my manager had instructions to, in a
reasonable way, promote the matter of transfer of parcels of land
that I held under my agreemnt, and it was in pursuit of those in-
structions that many transfers have been made, and that he had
these practically in shape when I arrived. He lives, I may explain,
in the only village that is on the Tala estate, a small country village
of grass huts, which has not what we term a strong material building
in it. He is very well known throughout the community there, and
people seeking land on the estate would ordinarily go to him for
mfonnation in regard to land generally, as he was born and raised
there. He, in that way, was naturally the man to look after it.
Mr. Jones. Is he a Filipino?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. He then made contracts, tentative contracts at least,
for the sale of portions of this estate — for the sale or for the lease?
Mr. Carpenter. Transfers of the leases, these parcels I held under
leases, pursuant to the contract, which has gone into the record.
The conditions of transfer were exceedingly simple. No payment
was to be made to me unless it happened to be a parcel on which I
had already paid rent, in which case I would be reimbursed for the
amount already paid by me, and the land would be taken in rectan-
gular parcels as it lay, not cutting out any irregular shape of desir-
able land and leaving to me a gravelly hilltop or a piece of unde-
sirable land. There were no other conditions of transfer.
Mr. Jones. As I understand it, in other words, when you dis-
posed of any of this property, the man who took it was just substi-
tuted in your stead in the contract; he just occupied your shoes, so
to speak?
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILlPPI2v\E LANDS. 379
Mr. Carpenter. So far as I am aware, they took over the land,
but in no instance within my knowledge did they take it over under
the same conditions under which I held it. As a matter of fact, I
discussed very thoroughly with at least one man the matter of
taking it over under the conditions under which I held it, and he
said that under no circiiinstances w^ould he bind himself to the culti-
vation feature of it on account of contingencies that might arise, and
that he preferred to take it on payment of a higher rental without
any obligation to cultivate. In other w^ords, they stepped into my
shoes regarding the option to purchase. In fact, the lo^se is the pre-
liminary paper to the sale certificate.
Mr. Jones. Your terms with these people were in each instance
somewhat different from the terms you had with the Government ?
Mr. Carpenter. On relinquishing my rights they executed leases
with the Government; there was no continuing relation between those
individuals and myself. I was through entirely so far as those par-
cels of land were concerned.
Mr. Jones. They entered into new leases with the Government, and
what did you do with the Government ?
Mr. Carpenter. My leases were canceled, and I ceased to have any
further relations with those parcels of land that were involved —
that were ceded.
Mr. Jones. They were subtracted from your lease?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; reduced the total area.
Mr. Jones. Is that manager of yours a Filipino or an American ?
Mr. Carpenter. He is a Filipino.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Carpenter, is any of the land adjoining this land of
yours occupied ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is all held under sale certificates now — all ad-
joining land on the Tala estate is held on sale certificates by my co-
tenants with the exception of perhaps two or three very small par-
cels that were abandoned at the time of the issue of sales certificates
by the former lessee, but that is a negligible quantity.
Mr. Jones. When did you enter into that contract ?
Mr. Carpenter. My general contract which has been the subject
of discussion is dated early in 1908.
Mr. Jones. April, 1908, was it not?
Mr. Carpenter. I think it was.
Mr. Jones. At that time were the adjoining lands held under con-
tract similar to yours or w^ere they occupied at all ?
Mr. Carpenter. My contract covers all then vacant land on the es-
tate. Consequently, so far as other parcels were concerned, adjoin-
ing parcels were necessarily occupied or held under lease — construc-
tively occupied.
Mr. Jones. I do not remember w^hether Capt. Sleeper has the
copy of your contract with him, but I believe he stated he did not
have it.
Mr. Carpenter. No; it is in that document [indicating].
Mr. Garrett. It was the Worcester contract that he did not have.
Mr. Carpenter. If it is desired, I can hand the copy to the stenog-
rapher.
Mr. Jones. I understand it is in this publication we have here, and
it is unnecessary to put it in again. Mr. Carpenter, I understand
380 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS,
that as an officer of the Philippine Government you were not per-
mitted to purchase these lands until you had gotten permission
from the Government to do so. Is that the case?
Mr. Carpenter. There was no specific prohibition against it, but
the general provision in the civil-service riifes requiring all Govern-
ment officials and employees to procure permission from the depart-
mental chief or the Governor General before engaging in private
business enterprise of any kind in the Philippine Islands seemed to
cover a matter of this sort, and I discussed the matter orally with
the Governor General before taking any steps at all, and then when
I saw definitely that I would lease some of the lands I asked him
formally for his permission, and it was granted.
Mr. Jones. That is a civil-service regulation, you say.
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; it is my recollection that it is a civil-
-service rule and has the status of an Executive order.
Mr. Jones. Is there no law — act of the United States Congress or
of the Philippine Government — which prohibits any officers of the
Government from purchasing land?
Mr. Carpenter. I have no knowledge of any such statute.
Mr. Jones. Is there any law which prohibits the commissioners
from purchasing?
Mr. Carpenter. I know of nothing further than practice; I know
of no statute nor Executive order that prohibits the commissioners
from doing so.
Mr. Jones. How far is this land of yours from a navigable stream
of water?
Mr. Carpenter. Manila Bay is the nearest navigable water; that
is approximately 10 miles. The nearest point on the estate is 7.2
miles, practically 7 miles, from the point of the city limits nearest
the estate. My land is a mile or so from this point on the estate.
Mr. Jones. Is there a good highway from Manila to your holdings?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir ; there was an old road which was part of
and always has been considered a part of the military road system—
that is, the roads of military importance in the island — passable in
dry weather for wheeled vehicles, and in rainy weather impassable;
and on the estate itself in 1899 — I knew that general vicinity first
then — there were no wagon roacfe and there are none now.
Mr. Jones. There is none on the estate?
Mr. Carpenter. There is none on the estate.
Mr. Jones. But there is an old Spanish road from Manila to the
estate?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir ; that is, there is the remnant of one.
Mr. Jones. Your lease provides, I believe, that the Government
shall endeavor to have roads and bridges built to the estate such as
may be necessary.
Mr. Carpenter. In a general way that is a provision; yes, sir.
That was put in at my request for the purpose or making of record
the then policy of the Government in regard to the friar-land estates.
As these estates pay no taxes, no revenue accrues to the road fund.
One of the chief sources of funds for construction of roads is the land
tax, and the policy was to make special provision in regard to the
estates generally by appropriations from general revenues for road
repair and construction. A change in the director of lands or secre-
tary of interior might cause that policy to be forgotten or dropped,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 381
perhaps, and I wished to have it of record. It is quite important that
this road should be maintained. I mean by maintained that the fur-
ther deterioration each rainy season should be repaired and stone and
gravel put in so that the gullied places could be passed over by
wheeled vehicles; and also in the running of lines of the estate — ^a
number of the tenants have asked me in regard to that, to endeavor
to get some time, as soon as possible, an indication of wdiere the roads
were going to go, so we would know where to put fences, and if we
planted trees to avoid planting in the right-of-Avay.
Mr. Jones. Can you tell me how much road construction there has
been, or bridge building there has been, since this contract was entered
into with you ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am unable to state the sum of money that has
been expended as that is a matter that I have no official cognizance of,
it being a bureau of public works matter, and I did not before leav-
ing Manila secure the exact data. The work, I can state, consisted of
placing the necessary culverts. In the first place, verifying the fact
that the road is in its proper place, practically a road survey; then
the construction of the necessary culverts and bridge. There is but
one structure of that kind on the road that could be termed a bridge.
I have a photograph of it which, if desired, I could submit. The
bridge is over the stream forming the boundary between the Piedad
and the Tala estates. That place is rather a deep ravine. The bridge
itself, according to my recollection, cost 16,000 pesos. It is possible
that it costs a little more. I am confident that the total cost was at
most $10,000 gold, because I recall very distinctly the fact that the
contractor's foreman complained to me one day that they were losing
money on the bridge and told me the cost.
I passed there in April, 1899, the first time, or perhaps May, 1899.
Gen. Lawton's troops in advancing north had to take this road co-
operating with the other column going along the railroad, and we had
an officer and 12 men in the party, as I recall it, wounded in cross-
ing at that point, there bein^ no bridge there at that time except a
little bamboo footbridge, which was carried away in every freshet.
We had to go down into the ravine and up again, and it was impossi-
ble to take anything but the two- wheeled carts and field artillery.
Mr. Jones. But the bridge was not constructed until after you en-
tered into this contract ?
Mr. Carpenter. Oh, no; it was not constructed until after I en-
tered into this contract. It was determined on I believe about the
time. I regret to say that I have not the exact date when that bridge
and the culverts were built.
Mr. Jones. Tell us something about those culverts and give us
some idea as to the total cost of the culverts, approximately, of course.
Mr. Carpenter. I am not familiar with the cost of construction of
that character. It is something I have neither official nor personal
knowledge of.
Mr. Jones. What is the character of those culverts?
Mr. CARPEN^rER. They are permanent construction of concrete reen-
forced with steel. They are simply box culverts. There is not more
than one that could be mistaken, even by a person not familiar with
the names of such things, for a bridge. There was one culvert with
possibly 10 or 12 feet waterway under it. The others are simply large
sewer pipe size.
382 ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr, Jones. About how many of those are there along this road?
Mr. Carpenter. It would be merely a guess. I have never counted
them. I presume there are 15 altogether.
Mr. Jones. And put there all since you have entered into this
contract ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir,
Mr. Jones. Has there been any work of any consequence on the
face of the highway itself ?
Mr. Carpen^ter. Only on the end next to the city of Manila, which
was occasioned by the fact — a matter altogether independent of this,
but necessary to understand — that the city of Manila had to pur-
chase a site for a cemetery, and after purchasing it they found that
there was an old road through it which they closed, and the munici-
pality adjoining the city brought suit, claiming their easement or
way over this land. It was finally decided that their claim was
good and the city of Manila settled it by undertaking to provide a
road outside, by passing outside the cemetery, to give them their
rights in the matter, a way for the people to come into the city.
That necessitated construction of a roadway. That is the only work
other than filling an occasional mudhole I recall.
Mr. Jones. That is a macadamized road, is it not?
Mr. Carpenter. The work done near the city limits in connection
with cemetery is stone, practically a macadamized road, but stone
that is found by side of the road is used for that purpose. It is less
than a mile or about a mile in length. The stone has been put on
at that end. That is the only considerable work that has been done
so far as the road itself is concerned.
Mr. Jones. That is the only bridge you say — the picture which
you have shown — of any consequence?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Are there any smaller ones?
Mr. Carpenter. Nothing except
Mr. Jones. These culverts?
Mr. Carpenter. That culvert I spoke of. There is one, and it is
possible that there are two that are 10 feet, but I am very confident
there is only one culvert that has a waterway as much as 10 feet, and
the others are sewer-pipe size.
Mr. Jones. Has any public work been done on this estate pur-
chased by you in the way of constructing roads or building culverts,
or anything of that sort?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir; nothing.
Mr. Jones. How many tenants have you on that property ?
^ Mr. Carpenter. On the status of share tenants — which is rather
similar to our share arrangement here in the United States for farm-
ing— I have approximately 40, only one of whom actually lives on
the land. The custom is to live in the village, and they go out to
the land during the planting season and the harvest season.
Mr. Jones. What crops do you raise on the land ?
Mr. Carpenter. For the purpose of clearing the land I have
utilized what we term upland rice. It may be sown thickly, and it is
better than anything else to choke out or control wild growth. As
rapidly as I get the land in condition — well, the second year — I try to
put in trees, making a tree plantation. If desired I could show
photographs showing that.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 383
Mr. Jones. The members of the committee would probably like
to look at these photographs.
Mr. Carpenter. Those show views of tree plantations growing. It
is difficult on account of the topography to get an extended view.
Rice is sown between the trees for the purpose of keeping down the
wild growth.
Mr. Jones. You have not, then, thus far raised any remunerative
crops on the land?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir ; I have not on any land under my general
contract. This is my third year, and at the time I left Manila the
harvest was not more than well under way. The indications are that
we will have nothing this year more than seed, plus the rice, necessary
for the tenant for his own food until the next harvest, which is, of
course, a small thing.
Mr. Jones. When you get this land cleared up what purpose do
you propose to put it to ? What crops could be raised on it ?
Mr. Carpenter. Kapok, or tree cotton; oranges, I expect, will do
well there. We are near Manila and that is compensation, of course,
for a smaller yield. And I am going to try cacao — chocolate — and a
few coconuts in a small way ; but the kapok and oranges are my chief
reliance.
Mr. Jones. Is the land adapted to sugar cane raising?
Mr. Carpenter. Very little of it seems practicable for that. They
have raised a little cane there, barely what they need for consumption
on the place. There is only one mill on the entire Tala estate that I
know of, and that is a little one-horse affair of the style of a hundred
years ago. I doubt if there is as much produced there as the people
m the village consume. It is not similar to any other sugar land I
have seen, does not have the appearance of sugar land. The cane
grown by this one man, who is a tenant on the estate — not a subtenant
of mine at all — is very poor cane. The amount grown is small, as I
have said. The estate is considered a rice estate in low places and the
remainder pasture. That is the popular opinion of it. Of course I
am going ahead in the belief that the trees I have mentioned will
do well.
Mr. Jones. Have you any cattle on it?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, I have some cattle on the place. I have G3
cows, 3 bulls for breeding purposes, something more than 15 yearlings,
and probably twenty-odd calves now. I also have about 50 carabao,
or water buffalo, for work and breeding purposes; 6 native ponies
for use by my manager and for riding about the pasture by the men
who look after the cattle. ^ Then, my tenants, or partners — as they
are termed in the native dialect — ^have a good many carabao of their
own ; I am uncertain as to how many. There are other cattle in the
pasture that from time to time are put in there by other people,
as I have the only fenced pastures in the neighborhood, and they ask
me perrnission to put cattle in there when they are not using them.
Mr. Jones. Have you erected any permanent buildings on the
property since you purchased it?
Mr. Carpenter. I have erected one cattle shed for the rainy sea-
son. During the rainy season the cattle suffer a good deal from the
continued rain, especially the calves, and I put up a corrugated sheet
iron roof shed.
]Mr. Jones. You have not erected any residences on it?
384 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir; everything that has been put in has been
as far as possible a directly productive investment.
Mr. Graham. I would like to ask if you have any partners in the
purchase of this estate?
Mr. Carpenter. No partners, except in the local sense, that every-
one on the place v^ho is working on shares is called a partner. Of
course I have my manager. The tenants on the place are interested
in a partnership way in the harvest. There is a certain percentage
that belongs to them, a certain percentage of the products raised.
Mr. Douglas. That does not relate to the purchase of lands?
Mr. Graham. I mean the purchase of the lands ?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Graham. You have not any undisclosed partner in the land^
or anybody who has an interest in it?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir; I am absolutely alone in my investment*
Mr. Parsons. Your manager has no interest in it?
Mr. Carpenter. Not in the land itself.
Mr. Helm. He has a part of the crop ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
Mr. Parsons. What has he an interest in?
Mr. Carpenit^r. In the annual product of the place.
Mr. Parsons. What is the share which the tenants get?
Mr. Carpenter. The share of the tenants varies according to the
period of time the land has been under cultivation, whether the ten-
ant has work cattle of his own, whether he furnishes part of the
seed or none at all, and whether he furnishes all of the labor for
sowdng, harvesting, and thrashing. The tenant's share varies from
30 per cent to 60 or 100 per cent. It is generally one-half.
Mr. Parsons. Can you fix just what it is in each one of the cases — -
is it fixed by custom ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is fixed by local custom, and very seldom varies
from that custom.
Mr. Parsons. In order to get 60 per cent, which I believe you said
was the highest share?
Mr. Carpenter. Under ordinary conditions. There are some ten-
ants who have the entire crop, where they go on the land and break
it, clear it. Then they get the entire crop the first year, and in fact
I assist them besides that, they have my assistance and whatever they
get ofl the land. I alway^s watch it very carefully, because my con-
tract is that if there is a marketable crop taken ofJ, the rental rate
changes, and I keep myself informed as to what it is producing.
The second year those men would have all their crop and perhaps a
little assistance or not, depending upon the circumstances, from me.
In many instances this year the tenant will have all the crop, and, if
I may be permitted to add, in addition to the forty-odd people I
have spoken of in answer to Mr. Jones's questions, there are about as
many more who are cultivating land on my holdings, breaking the
land under an agreement made that they would be allowed to continue
for at least three years cultivating the same parcel of land that they
are on. That is the life of my lease, and that is the only period
which they cultivate land of this sort, and then they generally aban-
don it — that is their practice.
Mr. Parsons. What is to happen at the end of the three 3^ears?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 385
Mr. Carpenter. They expect to get a crop. These parcels that
I now speak of are the better land. They pick out low-lying places
onto which the soil has washed from the higher adjoining land. I
expect that next year probably some of that will be coming into a
fairly good crop.
Mr. Parsons. And they take all that crop ?
Mr. Carpenter. They take all they get the first year; it is hard
to state a general rule.
Mr. Parsons. I mean these particular people; you did not say 40
subtenants, but 40 additional, you said.
Mr. Carpenter. In regard to these additional tenants, it varies a
good deal; but because of the land being relatively easy to get under
cultivation as compared with other land, they pay me the second
year a peso for the land, which they sow with 1 cavan — which is
a measure that corresponds to a bushel with us — of seed. This is
rather a recognition of my rights in the matter than any compen-
sation, and of course adequate to cover the rental rate on that and
some adjoining land which is unsuitable for cultivation.
Mr. Parsons. Then what will they do after next year ? Will they
abandon that land?
Mr. Carpenter. If any will have completed their third 3^ear on
that land, they Mali probably abandon it — that is, they would fol-
low their own course unless I could induce them to continue on the
share basis to carry the trees through to production.
Mr. Parsons. Have they planted trees?
Mr. Carpenter. Not on their own account. It is not customary
among the people to plant trees on a plantation scale; the\' merely
plant a few trees about their houses and on the land immediately
adjacent.
%h\ Parsons. Will you plant any trees on the land they are culti-
vating?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; that is a part of the agreement — that I go
on and plant the second year.
Mr. Graham. When do you anticipate getting returns from these
trees ?
Mr. Carpenter. I expect next year, the fourth year, to get some
returns from them. It was believed that the third year would be
the first crop, but I do not see any evidence of that.
Mr. Garrett. What are they good for?
Mr. Carpenter. The fiber is considered the best known for up-
holstering, for instance Pullman cars, and many purposes of that
sort; also for mattresses. I have heard that the Ostermoor mat-
tresses are made of it, although I do not know about that. It is a
nonabsorbent; you can place it under water for a week, and take it
out, shake it a moment, and it will be dry.
Mr. Parsons. Where do these subtenants come from ?
Mr. Carpenter. Some of them live in the village on the Tala
estate; some of them have holdings of their own — land of a different
kind. If I may explain that I will do so. These people are people
who are original tenants of the estate. They have now purchased
what they selected as their original holdings, all low rice lands — that
is, land which is puddled and rice planted during the rainy seasan.
It only takes two or three months of the year to do that. It is there-
fore their practice during the dry season to go elsewhere and raise
386 ADMINISTRATION" OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
rice on high land, which is sown at a different season and harvested
at a different season and does not interfere with the rice on their
own land. Or, perhaps, they will take a little firewood to town, or
they may pick wild fruits and take them to town, or they may com-
bine all three.
Mr. Parsons. JTou have gotten them to do that work on your land
instead of elsewhere; is that it?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir. Well, they have not done that for a
long time, because of the fact that they were afraid to go out in that
direction from the village, to take their cattle out or work there.
They had always gone toward the railway, to an adjoining estate,
the Maliuta estate, another property. They had gone there and
sown their upland rice, and so on, being afraid to take their work
cattle out on lands toward the mountains, which is the direction my
land lies. And in that connection, it brings up the matter regarding
the provision for police protection in my contract. From time im-
memorial that vicinity has been the runway of cattle thieves and
fugitives from justice from Manila. It is an unsettled country with
no villages or people residing there, and on account of the gullies
and jungles it forms a very easy hiding place for fugitives. As a
consequence the people did not go in that direction to cultivate up-
land rice or engage in farming operations of any kind, to any extent.
Probably the fact that I am an American and the persuasiveness of
my manager and my assurances to them caused a few the first year to
go out, and in discussing the matter in a preliminary way before
entering into the contract my attention was called by the people in
the village of Novaliches to the danger of having cattle out there.
They cited a number of people who had been killed and robbed
in going along a trail through there, and they called my attention
to the necessity for police protection; that it would be out of the
question to undertake the cultivation of land which would mean
holding overnight any work cattle there, unless there were some ade-
quate provision made for the security of property. There had always
been a detachment of the guardia civil in the village of Novaliches.
The tradition is that they never stirred out of the shadow of the
village or their cuartel. That guard was followed, when we took
possession, by a detachment of our troops or constabulary, but it
was understood that the constabulary would be taken away; that
was the understanding of the people, and they asked me to endeavor
to get some assurance that the constabulary would be retained. The
constabulary detachment is on that Piedad estate adjoining, near
the boundary.
Mr. Parsons. Has that detachment been continued ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is continued.
Mr. Parsons. In Novaliches?
Mr. Carpenter. It is practically in the village of Novaliches, be-
cause the village extends over on the Piedad estate for some distance.
Mr. Parsons. How large a village is Novaliches; how many in-
habitants are there?
Mr. Carpeni^r. I am unable to state the exact population ; I think
the village itself can not exceed 1,000 men, women, and children, but
it is stretched out along the road for quite a distance.
Mr. Parsons. The road on either side of the river there
Mr. Carfeni^r. I beg your pardon ?
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 387
Mr. Parsons. How near that bridge that you have shown is the
village of Novaliches?
Mr. Carpenter. It lies on both sides; the village is divided by
that gully and the rough ground coming down to it into two parts,
and it lies consequently on both sides of the bridge.
Mr. Parsons. Where are the occupied lands on that estate?
Mr. Carpenter. The occupied lands lie chiefly — or those occupied
when I went there — are chiefly on the left as you go over the bridge,
toward the village, which is the direction toward the railway.
Mr. Parsons. What have been taken up since you went there?
You spoke as if some additional lands had been taken up since you
executed your contract.
Mr. Carpenter. Following the execution of my contract, as soon
as executed in fact, interest was aroused, and applications came in,
my manager stating to everyone inquiring that lands could be secured
on request, and more than 8,000 acres of land, which was vacant at
the time I went on the estate, were taken over. I believe, practically
now, more than 9,000 acres of land va-cant when I went on the estate
has been taken up by people who went on the estate after I did.
Mr. Parsons. And in what direction is that land?
Mr. Carpenter. That lies to the north and east of the village.
All that territory which I speak of as having been avoided by the
people.
Mr. Parsons. Well, is it low land or high land ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is rolling, broken land. If it is must be classed
as either low or high land, it would be called high land.
Mr. Parsons. Is it near the river ?
Mr. Carpenter. There is no river. That stream on the map may
be termed a river, but it is not navigable even for a small dugout
canoe.
Mr. Parsons. But there is enough water to irrigate rice lands?
Mr. Carpenter. If it were pumped up it would irrigate a little.
Mr. Parsons. It is a gully all the way ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is a gully all the way. During the dry season,
when irrigation is needed, there is barely a current. There are water
holes where the cattle drink, and there is a little current, but the
volume of water is very small in the dry season.
Mr. Parsons. You said that since you had left some of your land
has been disposed of. I did not quite understand that. To whom
has it been disposed ?
Mr. Carpenter. I was here on vacation last June. After I left
here, on reaching Manila I found that there were three parcels which
had been under discussion by people who wanted them, and my
manager and I closed the transaction by transferring those, thereby
reducing the total area I had.
Mr. Parsons. Plave those people made any application to the
director of public lands?
Mr. Carpenter. I assume they have. With two of them my man-
ager alone discussed the matter; I did not see them. The parcels
were small. He told me that they found at the land office that they
had failed to declare all of their holdings; that two parcels which
they had been cultivating all the time had been included in my land
through their failure to declare them.
Mr. Parsons. And so you relinquished them?
388 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. Yes. I wrote a letter or told the agent to cancel
my leases and make out the papers for them.
Mr. Parsons. Under your lease you were required to do a certain
amount of cultivation each year?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. I wish you would explain just what cultivation you
did. It says here that the grazing by cattle should be considered as
cultivation.
Mr. Carpenter. I have under cultivation at least 800 hectares of
land of my present holdings, a total of 1,694 hectares, of which nearly
500 hectares in small divided pieces are not practical to utilize; but
I have at least 800 hectares, and I believe more — I will know at the
end of this month when it is checked up — under cultivation.
Mr. Douglas. That is, as distinguished from mere pastures?
Mr. Carpenter. I was going to explain that — about 400 in rice,
tree plantations, etc., and more than 400 are classed as under culti-
vation by reason of pasturing. I have photographs which will show
the effect of pasturing.
Mr. Parsons. How much did you say that pasturage was?
Mr. Carpenter. More than 400 hectares. I have three pastures
fenced.
Mr. Parsons. Then what is the cultivation on the rest?
Mr. Carpenter. The cultivation on the rest is rice, trees, etc., as I
have described a little while ago, and I have photographs showing
that.land.
Mr. Parsons. For three years you have how much fenced and pas-
turage ; how much in rice and how much in trees ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am unable to state the area I have planted in
trees.
Mr. Parsons. Please give it to us approximately.
Mr. Carpenter. I have, I believe, more than 100 hectares in trees.
I have lost a good many trees during this past year. I have been in
the United States a good deal of the time, and I confess that I did
not go over closely to see how much I had lost. That is, there would
be, perhaps, a large tract Avhere the deer have eaten the trees, or the
deer and the wild hogs have ruined perhaps 10 or 15 or 20 hectares or
more of trees, cleaned them off.
Mr. Parsons. But you had planted in trees how many hectares?
Mr. Carpenter. I had at one time nearly 200 hectares j)lanted in
trees.
Mr. Parsons. And how much in rice ?
Mr. Carpenter. Fully that much more.
Mr. Parsons. What is the road fund you refer to?
Mr. Carpenter. That is merely a classification in the budget of rev-
enue for the purpose of indicating a restriction of law. The revenue
derived from the land tax and from certain other sources is utilized
chiefly for the construction of roads, the maintenance of roads, and
that fund which is destined exclusively for the construction and
maintenance of roads is termed the road fund.
Mr. Parsons. It is called the road fund ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. But it is appropriated for; it is not taken out of any
particular revenue ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 389
Mr. Carpenter. Well, under the organic law of the provinces I
thing it is the organic provincial government act, as it is termed,^ cer-
tain revenues may only be used exclusively for the maintenance and
construction of roads. The terms of the organic act provide that.
Mr. Parsons. I did not understand your statement to Mr. Jones's
questions about the relation of this provision in your lease to this road
policy. I would be glad if you would explain that more fully.
Mr. Carpenter. I endeavored to make clear that these friar haci-
endas are not subject to taxation. Consequently there is no revenue
accruing from land tax on those holdings. There is therefore a
shortage in the normal provision of revenue for road construction
and maintenance in these districts. The Philippine Legislature has,
as a matter of policy, recognized that fact and made special pro-
vision for the construction of roads and bridges on the friar haci-
endas. The work has been done I know on some haciendas. As I
stated to Mr. Jones, my purpose in getting that in the contract was
to confirm and make of record the policy under which all of us who
had gone on the haciendas as tenants had entered on our agreements
with the Government.
Mr. Parsons. Is the tax raised on land and the products of land
and used for roads a provincial tax?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Who disposes of that?
Mr. Carpenter. The provincial board, under the supervisory
control, so far as roads are concerned, of the director of public work.
Mr. Parsons. And the board is composed of three people, is it not ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; two of whom are elected.
Mr. Parsons. And one appointed?
Mr. Carpenter. One appointed by the Governor General.
Mr. Garrett. Is that the board of public works of the province?
Mr. Carpenter. No; the director of public works is an insular
official.
Mr. Parsons. And when does this estate land commence to pay
taxes ?
Mr. Carpenter. When titles issue to purchasers, which would be
upon the completion of payment. In the case of deferred payments
it would be at most 20 years, and in other cases earlier.
Mr. Parsons. So you would not be called upon to pay any taxes
on what you have leased and purchased
Mr. Carpenter. Until completed payment; yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Are there any taxes upon your personal estate there,
on your cattle ?
Mr. Carpenter. Only a registration tax. Cattle are required to
be branded in a certain manner and registered. There is a fee
charged for that, which accrues to the municipal treasury.
Mr. Parsons. You spoke of your first seeing the place where this
bridge is at the time when Gen. Lawton was there. How did you
happen to be there at that time ; what was your position then ?
Mr. Carpenter. I was chief clerk at headquarters of Gen. Lawton.
I had gone to the Philippines in that capacity, and ordinarily accom-
panied the general on his campaigns; that is, the long and important
campaigns I accompanied him, leaving an assistant in charge of the
office in the city.
390 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. What had been your position before you went to the
Philippines ?
Mr. Carpenter. I was a civilian clerk in the War Department.
1 had been in the South as private secretary to the commanding
general of the Fourth Army Corps.
Mr. Parsons. How long had you been in the War Department ?
Mr. Carpenter. As a civilian and in military capacity since 1889.
Mr. Parsons. In what military capacity ?
Mr. Carpenter. As a noncommissioned staff officer and in lower
grades.
Mr. Parsons. What was the first civil position you had in the
Philippines, after this one under Gen. Lawton?
Mr. Carpenter. After Gen. Lawton's death I became private
secretary and in charge of civil affairs, so far as there were any,
under Gen. Bates, who succeeded Gen. Lawton; and then I became
private secretarv to the military governor, and held that position
until the time oi the termination of the military government.
Mr. Parsons. Who was the military governor T
Mr. Carpenter. Gen. MacArthur.
Mr. Parsons. Then what position did you have ?
Mr. Carpenter. For a few months, from the 4th of July, 1901, to
the 1st of March, 1902, 1 was assistant manager of a fidelity insurance
company established at Manila; and having finished the work of
organization, I reentered the Government service in the capacity
of chief clerk in the executive bureau there, and was promoted to the
position of assistant secretary, which I held when I entered into this
lease or contract, on the 1st of February; just prior to the actual
filing of the contract, I was promoted to my present position.
Mr. Parsons. After the death of Mr. Fergusson ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; I succeeded Mr. Fergusson the 1st of
February, 1908.
Mr. Parsons. Do you do the same sort of work that he did?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; in general, except I do not act as inter-
preter to the extent he did. Also, I have retained the more important
duties that I had as assistant executive secretary. I am not the con-
fidential man to the Governor General — that is, the private secretary
and also the assistant private secretary. I have specific duties fixed
by law, which are primarily the supervisory control of the financial
affairs of local governments, such as looking after the time deposits
of provincial and municipal funds, and the authorization of em-
ployees, assistants, and so forth, in provincial and municipal govern-
ments in the so-called Christian provinces ; and I have correspondence
with the consular corps and a lot of miscellaneous duties which do
not devolve under the law or the organic acts upon any other ofiicial
than myself.
Mr. Parsons. Are those duties provided by statute or by each suc-
ceeding legislature?
Mr. Carpenter. Not always specifically, and they are scattered
through the legislation. Many of them are not specifically men-
tioned, or it may be that it is simply logical that they devolve upon
me, upon the theory that all duties of a minor character, such as I
have spoken of, correspondence, and so forth, would be handled by
my office.
Mr. Parsons. Are you required to make a report annually?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 391
Mr. Carpeniick. Yes, sir ; I make an annual report to the Governor
General.
Mr. Parsons. Are those reports printed ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am not certain that the last report was. Prior
to that they were printed here in Washington as part of the report
of the Secretary of War. It appears as an exhibit or addition to
the report of the Governor General of the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Parsons. Have you a photograph of any of those culverts
that you spoke of ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am sorry to say I have nothing but a photo-
graph of the bridge.
Mr. Madison. Why is this friar land exempt from taxation?
Mr. Carpenter. It is the property of the Philippine Government.
Mr. Madison. That is the theory upon which it is exempt?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. After it passes into private ownership, though, to
the extent of a person purchasing it or leasing it, why is it then ex>
empt from taxation?
Mr. Carpenter. It is exempt until title passes from the Govern-
ment to the purchaser which I understand to be on the day of the
final payment for the land, that the title remains in the Government
until the final payment on the purchase price is made, and then it
ceases to be exempt from taxation.
Mr. Madison. Then, in other words, a man could make a contract
for the purchase of that friar land in annual installments, requiring
20 years to pay the total purchase price, and have the use of the land
absolutely exempt from taxation for that 20 years ?
Mr. Carpenter. At the present time he could, for 20 years, I think.
There is a certain one-year period, one year prior to the date of the
maturity of the bonds — one year prior to that the final payments
will be due, and during that period of deferred payments there is
no land tax. It is my understanding that there is no land tax which
may be collected on the land, as the title is in the Government, as I
have said. The purchaser pays, of course, 4 per cent interest on de-
ferred payments in addition to annual paj^ments.
Mr. Madison. Yes ; but he has the absolute use of the land, obtains
all the profits from it for that period of time, say for 19 years,
in the case of the 20-year proposition. That is true, is it not?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; he has complete control and enjoyment
of the land during that period, as though it were his own.
Mr. Madison. And all his personal property on the land is exempt?
Mr. Carpenter. We have no personal property tax in the Chris-
tian provinces.
Mr. Madison. But as a matter of fact his personal property is
exempt under the law?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; but not because he is a tenant or purchaser
of friar lands. It is the same thing if he is living in the city or
living on other lands ; there is no personal property tax.
Mr, Madison. How much did you agree to pay for the land ?
Mr. Carpenter. The cost price to the Government, computed on
the rule which applies to all lands, which amounts — ^the total — from
my present holdings, in United States currencv, $32,255.
Mr. Madison. That is for how many acres f
392 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. That is for approximately 4,000 acres — 1,694 hec-
tares.
Mr. Madison. How many acres?
Mr. Carpenter. Approximately 4,000.
Mr. Madison. Now, to refresh my recollection, you simply hold the
land by lease at this time?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; this land that is under discussion is all leased
as yet.
Mr. Madison. You have not exercised the option to purchase?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. But you have the exclusive right to purchase ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am the holder of an option ; yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. And how long did your lease run?
Mr. Carpenter. There is a separate lease executed for each parcel
of 25 hectares or less. Those leases expire at varying times; if I
recall correctly the jfirst lot will expire June 30, 1911.
Mr. Madison. Your leases expire then?
Mr. Carpenter. They begin to expire June 30, 1911.
Mr. Madison. When does the last one expire?
Mr. Carpenter. December 31, 1912.
Mr. Madison. Is there a provision in regard to the exclusive rights
of re-lease?
Mr. Carpenter. I do not understand that I can re-lease, inasmuch
as the estate is ready for sale.
Mr. Madison. You would have to exercise your option to purchase,
then?
Mr. Carpenter. Or abandon it.
Mr. Madison (continuing). Within the life of your leasing?
Mr. Carpenter. Not later than the expiration of my lease; it is my
understanding that I must exercise my option to purchase or aban-
don my holdings on that day.
Mr. Madison. And what length of time do you have to pay for the
land now under the terms of your lease? I know I can read the
lease, but I assume you know it and can state it.
Mr. Carpenter. I find the practice varies, but it will not exceed
19 deferred payments on any one parcel. There is not one lease on
the whole lot of land there — I have a great lot of them and there are
all sorts of areas of land. These are leases [indicating] that expire
December 31, 1912, and they are parcels that vary anywhere from
141 square meters, which I think is about one-fortieth of an acre, to
a block of 25 hectares, which would be about 62| acres. On those
small parcels the final payment will come perhaps in some cases the
second year. Those would be small parcels of like this of 141
square meters, on which the payment would be 2 pesos, that is the ap-
praised value, and there would be less than 2 pesos due because of
rent payment, and the first payment will extinguish that, probably.
Mr. Madison. You have a general land tax in the Philippines, have
you not?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir; in all regularly organized provinces there
is a land tax not exceeding seven-eighths of 1 per cent of the as-
sessed valuation, the assessed valuation being supposed to be the
full current market value of the land.
Mr. Madison. How much of a land tax ?
Mr. Carpenter. Seven-eighths of 1 per cent.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 393
Mr. Madison. In the case of public land where contract is made
to purchase public lands other than friar lands, what about the pro-
vision as to taxation.
Mr. Carpenter. I am not familiar with the administration of
public lands and have no — I am unable to say more than merely my
opinion as a resident of the islands, that the same rule applies to
public lands as applies to frair lands, that when title actually passes
to the purchaser then and only then does it become liable to taxation.
Mr. Parson s._I would like to ask what the cattle feed on that you
pasture on your estate?
Mr. Carpenter. At the end of the rainy season the pasture is pre-
pared by waiting for about 10 days of hot, dry weather, when we
break down the growth of cogon, wild grass, and the following day
set fire to it, burning it off. Then the tender shoots of this cogon
grass come up, sprout very quickly, and the cattle eat those shoots,
as they are very tender and apparently somewhat nutritious. They
in that way dominate more or less the cogon the first year. It never
reaches any height, never gets rank. They also pick in the shade, in
the gullies, places that cogon has not come in, a little Bermuda — there
is some Bermuda to be found, although very little of it — and other
wild grasses that are fairly good pasture. The second year they
dominate a still larger amount of this cogon grass, and that year land
that they dominated the first year other grasses generally come in the
second year, and in three years of intelligent pasturing I feel con-
fident of practically eliminating the cogon grass. Now, in two or
three years, if abandoned, it will probably come back, I would fear it;
but the third year, I feel confident, from my experience, of getting rid
of the cogon, practically getting rid of it by pasturing. If you will
notice some of those photographs you will see nothing but short grass
under the cattle's feet.
Mr. Parsons. In this picture here this grass has been apparently
all burned over.
Mr. Carpenter. No; that is a new pasture; that will be burned
over probably this month.
Mr. Parsons. But where the cattle are here [indicating] ?
Mr. Carpenter. That is a rocky ledge.
Mr. Parsons. What are they pasturing on there?
Mr. Carpenter. They are simply being driven along, a man is
driving them along, and the man who took that photograph snapped
it before they all got in view.
Mr. Parsons. What are they eating there?
Mr. Carpenter. They are eating the short grass that is growing
between these large leaves [indicating] . That wide leaf has no mar-
ket value, and it comes in as you get rid of that other grass and is
the next problem you have to deal with.
Mr. Parsons. When you cultivate land for rice you break it up
with the carabao?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; it is plowed the first year four times and
finally harrow^ed, or combed, literally, with something like a spiked-
tooth harrow, with one row of teeth, and rather long, and the roots of
this cogon grass are taken out and dried several days in the sun and
then burned. If that is not done that grass is rather persistent in
sprouting, and if those roots stay in the soil it is absolutely out of the
question to get anything else to grow. In decaying they appear to
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 29
894 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
liberate an acid which requires a large amount of lime to neutralize,
and the land is for several years too strongly acid for a good strong
vigorous growth of any crop. The rice is yellow instead of a deep
green, as it is on old land. It is of a lightish color, indicating that it
IS growing in acid soil, which is due to the decaying roots of the
cogon grass.
Mr. Parsons. Do you have to do any breaking of the soil in order
to plant trees?
Mr. Carpenter. The custom is to go on the land that has been
plowed and cultivate it the second year, at the right season, and make
a place for each tree, with a large post-hole auger, make a hole of
reasonable depth so that the taproot of the tree can anchor it well
against cyclones and typhoons.
Mr. Parsons. That is done the second year?
Mr. Carpenter. The second year we endeavor to do it; yes, sir.
That gives two years at least of cultivation of the ground, and more
if it is possible to keep the men on the land. That is something that
is regulated by local custom. In cogon land the rule is not to culti-
vate it at all if it is possible to avoid it. They only cultivate it be-
cause there is practically no more timberland within reasonable reach.
They prefer to cut heavy timber and burn it and raise rice until cogon
comes in rather than break cogon land and plant rice.
Mr. Parsons. W^l^ this is the rice that you do not irrigate?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; this is rice they do not irrigate.
Mr. Hamilton. I think you stated a while ago that it was the
custom of the people to only cultivate land for three years and then
abandon it?
Mr. Carpenter. Eeferring to land of this character, yes.
Mr. Hamilton. Why did they do it? They have got it only
partly subdued by that time.
Mr. Carpenter. That high land is not rich in the elements that
rice requires, and there are large tracts that I know of, parcels of
land near Manila, that are practically devoid of any rank growth of
vegetation; just little bits of sickly vegetation on it, old rice land,
and during 11 or 12 years I have never seen any such thing grown
on it.
Mr. Hamilton. This cogon grass is of no value, then?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Only a thing to be gotten rid of?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Its only value is the first sprouting out?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; when it gets up large, as seen in some of
those photographs, it seems to be nothing but silica, water, and a
little cellular tissue to hold it together. I have lost a number of
animals that I turned in the pasture and who fed on that. I had
a post-mortem examination made on one of those animals and found
that in an effort to digest what seemed to be cogon grass the animal
had gotten wads of something in its stomach, like wads of excelsior,
and it was thought that was the cause of death. The native cattle
learn not to eat cogon when it is rank, but imported cattle will ap-
parently try to eat it and can not digest it.
Mr. I*ARSONS. In pasturing in the method you describe, do you
hope to kill out the cogon?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; I feel very confident of it.
ADMIISriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 395
Mr. Parsons. How long will it take?
Mr. Carpenter. I expect the third year to have the cogon dis-
posed of to a great extent. Some of those small photographs show
that.
Mr. Hamilton. Then the term pasturing there is used in your con-
tract there as part of the need of subduing the soil and preparing it
for cultivation?
Mr. Carpenter. It is cultivation in a sense ; in that sense, the pre-
paring of the land.
Mr. Madison. Would not burning it off have the same effect as
pasturing has?
Mr. Carpenter. No. By pasturing the cogon dies out and is re-
placed by other growths.
Mr. Madison. I see.
Mr. Parsons. Because of the pasturing, not because of the burn-
ing?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
Mr. Madison. You explained that before, and I beg your pardon
for asking the question. In other words, if the top is kept down the
roots die?
Mr. Carpenter. Apparently ; anyway it does not appear any more.
Mr. Kucker. Do you have any difficulty in getting laborers there ?
Mr. Carpenter. Not now. The first year I did, because they
didn't know an American agriculturist in the country and there were
all sorts of rumors as to what would happen to them if the trees
died, if they worked for me; rumors Avhich are often spread among
people of that class. The second year I had practically all that I
could supply with animals or look after, and this year I have turned
away a good many.
Mr. RucKER. Are the wages fixed over there by custom? Their
relations are fixed by custom ; you spoke about that before.
Mr. Carpenter. Yes. The demand for labor there is practically
the city of Manila. People go into the city of Manila and work a
great deal as laborers. They go and work for a week, a month, or
six weeks, or whatever period is necessary to give them the money
that they wish to get. If a man owes P20 on account of the burial
of his wife or mother, he will go into Manila and work until he gets
his f=20 to pay his debt.
Mr. RucKER. About this custom of division of the payment — divi-
sion of the crop — about how old is that custom?
Mr. Carpenter. So far as I can judge, it is a gradual growth; it is
as old as the people: that is, it has been modified as conditions have
changed. It certainly obtained and has obtained during this genera-
tion.
Mr. Eucker. Do you feel bound by those customs, or do you corre-
spond to the customs in making contracts ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am always guided by local customs.
Mr. Eucker. What would become of you if you did not bow to
that?
Mr. Carpenter. The people would not deal with me if I did not
meet those local customs.
Mr. Eucker. They would act as a unit, would they ?
396 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpeni^r. Not in an organized way as a labor union act, but
they would talk about it among themselves and leave me.
Mr. Garrett. Are these cattle that you speak of dairy cattle?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Garrett. These cattle?
Mr. Carpenter. They are working cattle and beef cattle. They
are breeding cattle. Those cattle in the photographs are for breeding,
but produce beef cattle and w^ork cattle.
Mr. Garre^ft. Would the dairy business be a profitable one there?
Mr. Carpenter. An exceedingly risky investment, but profitable
with good luck.
Mr. Garre^pt. Is there any dairy interest there ?
Mr. Carpenter. There are a number of people who bring in Aus-
tralian cattle and possibly a few cattle from the Pacific coast, milk
cows; they are frequently brought in fresh and milked during the
period that milk continues, and many of them continue — they are
kept on. Now, since we have control of cattle disease — speaking, per-
haps, not with absolute precision, but my own cattle I feel as certain
of as I do of cattle in northern New York — their business is less risky
than it was, and is very profitable, undoubtedly.
Mr. Garrett. What about other live stock over there ; do they raise
any hogs?
Mr. Carpenter. There are a good many hogs that come in for
slaughter in the Manila slaughterhouse. I am unable to give any
figures, but I know a number of Americans who have raised hogs in
a small way.
Mr. Garrett. You have not tried it yourself?
Mr. Carpenter. I have not tried it. Every family has at least one
breeding sow, and they have roast pork on all festive occasions, and
try to raise them themselves, make it a point to. It would rather be
interfering with the custom of the people if I were to put in hogs
myself and undertake to raise them. It is not customary to do that.
The laborer, the tenant, raises them himself.
Mr. Garrett. And it would be in a way competing with him?
Mr. Carpenter. He would consider it interfering with a preroga-
tive or right of his.
Mr. Garrett. What about other live stock, for instance, horses ?
Mr. Carpenter. I have five breeding mares, five of my six horses
are mares. They are natives.
Mr. Garrett. Are they natives ?
Mr. Carpenter. All of my horses are native stock.
Mr. Garretf. Do they have any good horses there — I mean are
those good horses?
Mr. Carpenter. For their weight we say they are the best on
earth. They are small, smaller than the ordinary pony class of
horse in the States, very vigorous, very strong, very active. The
mares are seldom worked, the horses are not gelded; they are kept
as stallions, and worked as stallions, following the Spanish custom,
I believe. Many very good horses have been brought in. The Gov-
ernment has taken in many very good stallions. I am not familiar
enough with the results to say what has been gotten from breeding,
but I know there are some few^ half-breed colts sold for what are
fancy prices there, running up to a thousand dollars, perhaps.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 397
Mr. Garrett. Has there been any effort to raise the American
horse Uhere — that is, import horses from the United States?
Mr. Carpenter. I don't know of any instance where that has been
undertaken on a commercial scale. I know of some colts born on the
islands of an American stallion and mare, and of Australian stock,
some very nice youngsters.
Mr. Garrett. Are there any mules there? Do they breed mules?
Mr. Carpenter. I think in one of the Government stations there
are a few mule colts. They don't use jacks at all in the island; the
natives do not, and I know of only one importation of jacks, and it
was found that they were very much subject to surra, which is a
serious horse disease.
Mr. EucKER. How does the hen do there ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is very prolific and to be relied upon.
Mr. Garrett. This tree, the fiber of which you spoke of, kapok,
was it
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; the kapok tree, cotton,
Mr. Garrett. Is that a rapid growth ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; it grows quite rapidly when it gets started.
I have had difficulty with all of mine during the first year, but those
are shown in that photograph, the greater part of that growth is one
year — ^the second.
Mr. Garrett. How large do they have to be before they become
of use — four years old ?
Mr. Carpenter. I believe that the first crop worthy of the name at
all is in the fourth year.
Mr. Garrett. And about how large would the average be then ?
Mr. Carpenter. I have not seen a tree that I knew to be four years
old, but they would probably be about that large (indicating about
6 or 8 inches). It is a pithy wood, it is not a hard wood.
Mr. Garrett. Of course it is destroyed when it is put to use?
Mr. Carpenter. It bears fruit; the cotton fiber is in a pod which
contains the seeds. This pod or fruit that I speak of follows the
blossom. The tree blossoms in season. The blossom withers and
this fruit comes on and it dries into a pod containing the seeds, and
the fiber separates from the seeds very easily — you put a lot in a
bucket and stir like that (indicating) and you can separate the seeds
from the fiber, the ginning is not a problem as it is with Sea Island
cotton.
Mr. Douglas. That is the valuable part of the tree, is it, the fiber?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
Mr. Garrett. How often do you visit this farm ; how much of your
time do you devote to it ?
Mr. Carpenter. I have never devoted specifically any time to iL
Things that come up are attended to on ordinary days in the evenings
such as a matter of signing papers or something of that sort, and then
I go out to the place on holidays. It takes about an hour to drive
out in the dry season, and in the rainy season I can ride out on horse-
back in about tw^o hours.
Mr. Garrett. Do you have telephone connection ?
Mr. Carpenter. No ; there is no telephone or telegraph connection.
Mr. Parsons. How many laborers do you have there outside of
those who work for you on the share system i
398 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. A varying number. A foreman and 15 or 20 and
sometimes as low as 10. It varies, depending on the local conditions
and what is going on. During rice harvest I had none because all that
class is working for share tenants, helping them in their harvest and
getting pay. in kind.
Mr. Parsons. Working as share tenants of yours or working as
share tenants for others?
Mr. Carpenter. A few of the laborers are share tenants for other
people but come to work for me when they have no work on their
land ; others are not share tenants of anyone, but have their own hold-
ings or perhaps live with some of my share tenants.
Mr. Parsons. Do they all come from the villages?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; some. Others come from the railroad town,
Polo.
Mr. Parsons. How far are you from San Jose del Monte ?
Mr. Carpenter. There as a San Jose lying north of my place,
which I think is 4 or 5 miles. I have never been over the road but
once and that was 10 or 11 years ago, and I don't recall clearly.
Mr. Parsons. You said that this year you had turned away some
laborers that had applied for work?
Mr. Carpenter. The people stated that they would like to come
with me and, upon looking them up, I found that they were the
changing kind ; would never stay more than a short time in one place ;
generally tried to get advances, as is customary there, in the way of
cash or food — that is rice — and then move on. We have naturally,
as there is everywhere, a few of that kind.
Mr. Parsons. They were just ordinary laborers who wanted to
work on shares ?
Mr. Carpenter. They wanted to come as share tenants, most of
them. Perhaps three or four or five were day laborers who proved
on a day or two of work to be unsatisfactory or else had the reputa-
tion of being unsatisfactory.
Mr. Madison. What do you pay, what wages?
Mr. Carpenter. Seventy-five centavos, that is 37| cents gold is the
maximum. I pay from 60 or 65 cents silver to 75 cents. In Manila
it is 80 cents — —
Mr. Parsons. Silver is the same as gold, is it not?
Mr. Carpenter. I meant to indicate by that that it was so many
centavos ; 30 to 37 J cents gold or United States currency, that is what
I pay. In Manila it runs to 40 cents, I believe. I am not certain
about that.
Mr. Parsons, Where do they live?
Mr. Carpenter. My laborers live in that general locality there;
some of them live down the railroad at Polo, and they go home on
Saturday. They quit work at 4 o'clock on Saturday afternoon.
Mr. Madison. Do you board them?
Mr. Carpenter. No; I give them their rice; they all have all the
rice they want to eat; that goes without any specific mention of it.
Mr. Hamilton. Is labor all over those plantations able to work
through the day, or does it quit during the middle of the day?
Mr. Carpenter. It is customary to do nothing for a couple of hours
in the middle of the day, to take a couple of hours, or maybe a little
more of that in the middle of the day. I only recall seeing them, of
being out there when they were actually at work, upon one occasion.
ADMINISTRATION 0¥ PHILIPPINE LANDS. 399
I have to rely on my manager and my foreman for a statement as to
that. My foreman claims that they never take to exceed two hours'
rest in the middle of the day.
Mr. Hamilton. Have you anything in that country corresponding
to pasturage in the United States ; for instance, there is no such thing
as clover seed or timothy seed or blue grass seed, is there ?
Mr. Carpenter. I have never seen but one grass corresponding to
the grasses we have ; I have seen a little Bermuda. I have never seen
a pasture in the islands that would compare with anything north of
Florida in the way of pasture. I understand that in the mountains
of Mindanao and in the mountains of Luzon there are better ranges
than in the lowlands, but I have not seen them.
Mr. Hamilton. That is where the altitude is sufficient to get up to
something like temperate conditions ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; Mr. Worcester has personal knowledge of
those conditions. They come under his eye.
Mr. RucKER. What is the average yield of rice out there ?
Mr. Carpenter. Upland rice seldom reaches, in the locality where
I am, 20 cavans per hectare. That would be 8 cavans per acre.
Mr. RucKER. What is that?
Mr. Carpenter. That is a measure which in a rough way is a
bushel. It is worth a dollar a measure. That would be $8. Low-
land rice produces very much more, running up to 80 and 100 cavans
per hectare, and if it is irrigated, two crops a year, and possibly three,
although I never saw three crops.
Mr. Douglas. It is in more demand than upland rice?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir ; it is the crop of the island. Upland rice
is considered a clearing crop, not a mercantile crop.
The Chairman. How much did you say upland rice is worth a
bushel?
Mr. Carpenter. I am not sure about the measurement of the cavan
to the bushel, but I would say 2 to 3 pesos, depending on the season.
The Chairman. I thought you said a dollar.
Mr. Carpenter. A dollar would be two pesos. That is the un-
hulled rice; it is not the rice we see in the stores here; it looks more
like oats or wheat ; it has the hull on it, and of course being hulled is
reduced greatly in bulk.
Mr. Parsons. What is that upland rice used for?
Mr. Carpenter. It tides the people over through September and
October and until the regular rice harvest of the lowlands in De-
cember ; that is the purpose it really serves.
Mr. Madison. Is it as good for food as the lowland rice?
Mr. Carpenter. I am not able to state its food value. It is not
popular at all; it is hard. There are a great many different kinds,
and it is hard. It is apt to seem hard after it is cooked and not as
pleasant to eat. There is, however, one kind, a very small crop, which
has a very pleasant flavor. That is never in the market. Rice
planters have a little of it; they succeed in raising a little of it for
their. own use.
Mr. Madison. What do they retail rice for at the stores, hulled
rice ?
Mr. Carpenter. I have never had occasion to purchase hulled rice,
and it would be a vague guess. I should say 2 or 3 cents a pound.
Mr. Jones. Two or three centavos, you mean?
400 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. Two or three cents. I might suggest that Mr.
Worcester could probably answer that.
Mr. Hamilton. Is there much level ground on the plantation on
which you have a lease?
Mr. Carpenter. There is no level ground in the sense that we
speak of level ground, referring to our prairies; there is no consider-
able amount of land that could be plowed with a traction steam plow.
Mr. Parsons. That is on your estate, you mean?
Mr. Carpenter. On my estate. It is rolling land between gullies.
Mr. Hamilton. What is in those gullies?
Mr. Carpenter. They are rather steep, have steep sides and nar-
row— not very wide across. There is a little stream of water running
in the gully. About half the streams are dry during the dry season,
and the others have some water in them. In my pastures there is live,
fresh water during the full dry season.
Mr. Hamilton. Any springs?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; small springs within the inclosure.
Mr. Hamilton. A man would not get much comfort out of trying
to plcTvv that kind of ground, would he ?
Mr. Carpenter. Anyone accustomed to the prairies of the west or
northwest or the Mississippi Valley would not be attracted by land
such as that is.
Mr. Hamilton. It is not even as easily managed as land in Hawaii,
I take it, from your description.
Mr. Carpenter. I would hesitate to say that it is not as practicable
to cultivate, so far as the act of plowing is concerned, because of the
fact that I happen to recall land that they could not use mules in
plowing, but such can not be plowed in the Philippines as it can in
Hawaii, because of our torrential rains. On that account we have
to leave that land without plowing, as the rain will wash worse than
in Hawaii. I know that on the side of the island of Oahu next to
the town of Honolulu there is little rain as compared with Luzon.
Mr. Hamilton. You do not have to remove bowlders or prepare
the land in that way, as they do in Hawaii, do you?
Mr. Carpenter. I have not seen any land with removable stones on
it. On my own place there are many ledge outcroppings, and that
of course can not be utilized.
Mr. Hamilton. Is there a good deal of jungle?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; as some of those photographs show, there is
quite a good deal of it. That is covered with a mass of low-growing
tropical vegetation.
Mr. Hamilton. Under your conditions is it possible for you to
have, say, a 20-acre field, such as we are familiar with in this coun-
try, of ground, all of which can be worked ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am confident that there are but two places on
my holdings where even approximately that could be reached in one
compact mass, that could be worked as a unit, in the whole sixteen
hundred odd hectares: As a rule, they are parcels of land of 2 acres
to 3 or 4 acres in each patch.
Mr. Hamilton. In getting from one patch to another you have
to cross these ravines frequently, I take it ?
Mr. Carpenter. We either cross a ravine or follow a hog-back
connection. But it is seldom a man, a tenant, has a piece that is di-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 401
vided; they do not work large areas as a rule. I say " divided; " I
mean that he is working at one time.
Mr. Hamilton. He gets a piece of ground between ravines some-
where ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. You said something about the effect of the acid
from the cogon grass on the rice. That does not affect the property
of the rice, does it ?
Mr. Carpenter. Well, the plant does not stool out and come up
bearing a large number of heavy heads at harvest ; the rice head will
be inclined slightly or even straight up, whereas in the 3-year-old
land or in old land the rice head will hang over as the grain forms
and hardens, gaining weight.
Mr. Parsons. But the acid does not affect the quality of the rice?
Mr. Carpenter. Not so far as I know; it is the quantity.
Mr. Hamilton. When this Tala estate was owned by the friars
was it under cultivation as in the States ?
Mr. Carpenter. Only a small portion of it was ever cultivated,
according to the information I have from people who were born
and have lived 30 or 40 years on it. The land which I occupy was
in grass, part pasture, and a portion of it occupied by cattle belong-
ing to the friars themselves, and the other cattle belonged to a Euro-
pean-born Spaniard, who retired on the outbreak of the insurrection
against Spain and is now living in Manila — he is a very aged man ;
I have talked with him at times — and another, of whom I have heard,
who has disappeared. Practically none of it was ever cultivated in
the sense that these holdings of so-called original tenants were culti-
vated continuously year after year. If I may explain one point,
that cogon land, judging from the information I had, is apt to have
been forest land cleared by the people and planted for one or two
or three years by them by hand, sticking in grains. The cogon grass
gradually came in in that way until it finally dominated, and they
abandoned the land then and moved on to clear another piece of
forest. We see that in the newer lands where the people are wild
or nomadic.
Mr. Eucker. I judge this land is not adapted to the cultivation
of tobacco ?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir; I have seen two or three small patches of
tobacco on the place and have tried to smoke some of it after it had
been cured. It is very inferior. The soil is apparently deficient, or
the rains at the wrong season, or something, so that it is a very poor
quality of tobacco and no one undertakes to raise more than just a
little bit for their own use.
Mr. RucKER. Is the cultivation of tobacco on the increase or not in
the islands generally?
Mr. Carpenter. I am unable to say because of not having visited
the tobacco districts.
Mr. Hubbard. In the case of these pieces that you have relin-
quished, did you derive any profit from giving up your leases?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir; m no instance have I received any com-
pensation whatever for my rights under my contract. If I had paid
rentals on them, I was reimbursed in the amount. The only condi-
tion that is imposed is that the rectangular shape of the parcel shall
be preserved, that is to say, that the man shall not pick out an ir-
402 . ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
regular piece of good land and leave the remainder, the undesirable
land, to me.
Mr. Hubbard. Your original holdings were how much?
Mr. Carpenter. As we had no survey and as it has not been com-
puted I am unable to say, except that in a general way, which I think
is approximately correct, I relinquished 9,000 and I hold approxi-
mately 4,000.
Mr. Hubbard. And upon the 9,000 you relinquished what profit
have you obtained?
Mr. Carpenter. None whatever.
Mr. Hubbard. Some question has been made with relation to the
taxation. Have you derived any peculiar advantage to yourself with
reference to taxation?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. You have been simply governed by the general
rules ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. Do you know how the system of taxation, as preva-
lent in the Philippines with relation to public lands, compares with
our homestead s^^stem in the United States? The Government of the
United States, as long as it holds the title to land — is there any
charge for taxation ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is my understanding that there is not, and the
same obtains in the islands.
Mr. Hubbard. For instance, where lands have been held by rail-
roads for years under claims, but the Government has ultimately es-
tablished title, no taxes are charged in the United States.
Mr. Carpenter. I don't know. That is something I am not famil-
iar with.
Mr. Hubbard. And the same rule practically prevails, that as long
as the Government holds the title to the land, which may ultimately
return to the Government again, there is no taxation levied upon it
by the Government province.
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. Is there any system comparable to our tax-sale sys-
tem here ?
Mr. Carpenter. Land on which the taxes are delinquent reverts
to the government.
Mr. Hubbard. Reverts to the General Government or to the pro-
vincial government ?
Mr. Carpenter. To the public domain, as I understand it. For-
merly, if it was sold, it went to the municipality, but the law was
amended, and it is my distinct recollection that the law now in force
passes such land to the public domain again. Of that I am not posi-
tive, however.
Mr. Hubbard. At all events, so far as you are concerned, because
of your official position, have you derived any advantage in the way
of taxation or exemption from taxation?
Mr. Carpenter. No advantage whatever.
Mr. Hamilton. Without intending to unduly pry into your busi-
ness secrets, I am inclined to ask what lured you into this invest-
ment, or was it Capt. Sleeper ?
Mr. Carpenter. I blame Capt. Sleeper for having lured me in;
but it was my desire to secure not such property as I now hold under
ADMIISriSTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 403
lease, but a comparatively small piece of land near enough to Manila
that I could run out on holidays.
Mr. Hamilton. You were affected by the current disposition to
get back to the soil, I take it ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. How many holidays do they have in the Philip-
pines ?
Mr. Carpenter. I would have to refer to the statutes for that. We
have there, I think, the same holidays that are recognized in the
United States ; at least, those are the holidays that I am in the habit
of observing; the ofRces are closed to the public nominally on holi-
days, but as a matter of fact at my own office I am there until noon
on most holidays.
Mr. Madison. How many official holidays do you have in a year
aside from the ones recognized in America ?
Mr. Douglas. How many native holidays ?
Mr. Madison. Take them all together.
Mr. Carpenter. I hesitate to try to answer that with precision. I
know that there are four that do not obtain here in the States. If
there are any others I do not recall. We have not as many holidays
as is popularly supposed. I would like, if I might, to put into the
record the exact number.
The Chairman. Is the Fourth of July a legal holiday ?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
The Chairman. Is Christmas a legal holiday?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
The Chairman. And New Year's Day?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes.
The Chairman. Lincoln's Birthday ?
Mr. Carpenter. I am not certain that it is.
The Chairman. Washington's Birthday?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes ; I believe that is. Also we have Occupation
Day, which is the 13th of August, the date of the occupation of the
city of Manila.
The Chairman. You do not have Decoration Day as a holiday, do
you?
Mr. Carpenter. The Filipino Decoration Day is observed about the
1st of November; it is All Saints' Day. That is when the graves are
decorated.
Mr. Parsons. Is that a holiday ?
Mr. Carpenter. It is my impression it is not an official holiday.
It is a church holiday, but not an official holiday, as I remember it.
I regret I can not answer definitely in regard to the holidays there.
Mr. Jones. The churches have innumerable holidays, observed by
the natives, have they not?
Mr. Carpenter. Quite a number of days on which special services
are held in the churches, and the people who are particularly devout
attend those services.
Mr. Madison. Judge Hubbard asked you about taxation, compar-
ing the exemption of public lands there with the exemption of
public lands here. Do you know of any instance where the United
States Government sells any land on annual payments where the
final payment is postponed some 20 years?
404 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir. I am not familiar with public-land
administration.
Mr. Madison. Is it not true that in the cases where the United
States Government sells land upon deferred payments, upon the
issuance of the first certificate the land becomes taxable and there is
a statute to that effect ?
Mr. Carpenter. I don't know.
Mr. Madison. Is not that true in the case of preemption lands and
trust lands ?
Mr. Carpenter. I don't know.
Mr. Madison. You don't know? Well, I understand that it is
true.
Mr. Hubbard. Take the case of a homestead.
Mr. Madison. No ; not in the case of a homestead.
Mr. Hubbard. Take in the case for some reason or other a man's
patent is held up who has taken a homestead. It may be held up
for 10 years under contest. In that time is a man taxable?
Mr. Parsons. How is it in regard to land in the Reclamation
Service ; is that taxable ?
Mr. Madison. I don't know.
Mr. Carpenter. Mr. Chairman, may I ask this? There is a matter
of some land which I hold on the Tala estate, which was mentioned
during the testimony of Capt. Sleeper and w^hich I have not brought
out, and it was not brought out as to the status of those lands. It is
a small area of some 23 hectares. If the committee would care to get
that into the record as to how I acquired those — they are not leased
lands, they are purchased land. I speak of that
The Chairman. You purchased about 23 hectares?
Mr. Carpeniisr. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. And paid for it ?
Mr. Carpenter. No, sir. I paid part. There were two parcels on
which the full period runs, and others are 15, 14, 11, 5, and 2 years.
Two payments on the first.
The Chairman. Friar lands?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes, sir. They are parcels of land on this Tala
estate.
Mr. Madison. I don't think we want to take up any time on that.
Mr. Garrett. Those lands were bought from tenants?
Mr. Carpenter. Yes; I acquired their rights — purchased them.
TESTIMONY OP CHARLES H. SLEEPER— Resumed.
Mr. Martin. Capt. Sleeper, in Document 963, it being a letter from
the Secretary of War to Congress, dated June 10, 1910, beginning on
page 12 and ending on the top of page 13, there are set out the names
of 82 applicants for public-land leases.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Of which 24 are Americans and 58 are Filipinos.
Could you go over that list and indicate to the committee those of
the 82 applicants for public-land leases who are in the Government
service in any capacity and those who have been in it in any capacity
and are not now in it?
Mr. Sleeper. I could not answer.
ADMIlSriSTRATIOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 405
Mr. Martin. And those who are related to Government officials?
Mr. Sleeper. Na, sir.
Mr. Martin. You could not do that?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. Some of these people are in the employ of the Gov-
ernment, are they not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I think probably there are some.
Mr. Martin. Take for instance the name of Z. K. Miller, down
near the bottom, about a dozen from the bottom. He applied for
350 hectares. Is Mr. Miller in the government employ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. In what department is he employed?
Mr. Sleeper. He is in the bureau of agriculture.
Mr. Martin. What is his official position?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know.
Mr. Martin. Now turn back to page 3. I find that Z. K. Miller —
is that the same Z. K. Miller ?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he is.
Mr. Martin. He got 66 hectares and a fraction of the Santa Rosa
friar estate, for which he paid 12,774 pesos.
Mr. Sleeper. He has not paid it yet.
Mr. Martin. He has agreed to pay it, has he not?
Mr. Sleeper. I think he signed a sale certijEicate and made the
first payment.
Mr. Martin. That appears to be very valuable land ?
Mr. Sleeper, Yes ; that is good land that he purchased.
Mr. Martin. What makes that tract of land so valuable as com-
pared with most of the friar lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is on the Santa Rosa estate, one of the best estates
we purchased, and it is good land for most any kind of crops, espe-
cially sugar and corn and that sort of a crop.
Mr. Martin. Was Mr. Miller required to get the consent of the
Governor General to get this public-land lease and purchase this
land?
Mr. Sleeper. Either the Governor General or the secretary of his
department; yes.
Mr. Martin. Who is the secretary of his department — Mr. D. C.
Worcester ?
Mr. Sleeper. No.
Mr. Martin. Who is the secretary of his department ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Gilbert.
Mr. Martin. What is his official position?
Mr. Sleeper. He is secretary of public instruction.
Mr. Martin. Right in that connection then the question is sug-
gested to me, Captain, how many officials in the Philippine Govern-
ment are there who have authority to grant subordinates the right
to purchase lands?
Mr. Sleeper. The secretaries of departments, of which there are
five, and the Governor General, making six.
Mr. Martin. The official you have mentioned, then, is one of the
six?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. The secretary of public instruction?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
406 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. Did you say he obtains the right from the head
of the department to purchase lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. The right to enter into any business.
Mr. Martin. How long has Mr. Miller been in the agricultural
bureau ?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know.
Mr. Martin. W. H. Lawrence has applied for a public-land lease.
That is page 12. That is the W. H. Lawrence who is interested in
the Isabela estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And Mr. E. B. Bruce is the Mr. Bruce who is in-
terested in the Isabela estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And they are law partners in Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. With relation to Mr. Bruce, he is quite an important
man in Manila, is he not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; he is a prominent attorney.
Mr. Martin. Is he not attorney for some Philippine railways, and
one thing and another?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know whether he is or not; I think he is,
though.
Mr. Martin. Could you look down over that list of names now and
point out other names of Government officials or employees who
own lands or who have made application for leased public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I could not tell one from the other.
Mr. Martin. Can you take this list, and in conjunction with your
fellow-officials who are here, indicate to the committee when it meets
next Monday the names of the applicants who comply with the speci-
fications I mentioned in my question?
Mr. Sleeper. I think so.
Mr. Martin. Both Filipinos and Americans?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. You said public lands; you meant friar lands?
Mr. Mar^pin. No ; I am referring now to this list of 82 applicants
for public lands.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Now, making a rough statement here, it appears that
there are about 40,000 acres in round numbers that have been applied
for by these 82 applicants, but according to Mr. Worcester's report
only about 8,000 acres of public lands are under lease?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. That is to say, about one-fifth of all applied for.
Why is it that a larger number of these applications have not been
acted on?
Mr. Sleeper. They have been acted on. There have been up to
June 30, 1910, 185 applications including 49,503 hectares applied for.
There are, pending correction for some cause, 54 applications, includ-
ing 9,788 hectares. There have been rejected, canceled, or withdrawn
for cause 40 applications including 9,866 hectares. There are pending
now in the bureau, awaiting reports from the Forestry Bureau as
to the agricultural character or forestry character of the land, 20
applications, including 2,876 hectares. There are awaiting advertise-
ment and the completion of the term of advertising 26 applications
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 407
including 7,884 hectares. Three applications have been contested,
including an area of 520 hectares. Nineteen applications are pending
survey prior to the issuance of the lease, including 5,117 hectares.
Leases have been accomplished for 10 applications including an area
of 3,242 hectares.
Mr. Martin. Now, then, before leaving that matter, you give a
total there of 185 applications.
Mr. Sleeper. One hundred and eighty-five ; yes.
Mr. Martin. As against 82 reported to Congress by the Secretary
of War?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Have you with you the names of the remaining 103
applicants and the amount of land which they have applied for, etc.,
to correspond with this showing on pages 12 and 13? I don't care
for you to produce them now ; I merely want to know if you have
them here in Washington.
Mr. Sleeper. I think I have.
Mr. Martin. Then, not to waste time, I will ask you this question :
If you have them here in Washington can you also designate the
names of those persons appearing among those 103 applicants who
have complied with the specifications in my question as to their
present employment by the Government or their past employment
or their relationship to persons in the employ of the Government?
Could you do that by next Monday ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. In every one of these cases under your practice over
there or under executive order it will be necessary for the employee
to get permission from the head of his department ?
Mr. Sleeper. For his own protection ; yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Is that usually granted ?
Mr. Sleeper. Sometimes it is granted and sometimes it is not.
It is according to the condition of the employee, I presume, and the
circumstances of each case.
Mr. Martin. Have you any cases in mind where permission was
not granted?
Mr. Sleeper. To engage in business?
Mr. Martin. To purchase land or lease land.
Mr. Sleeper. No; I do not remember. I remember of some appli-
cations being denied to engage in business.
The Chairman. Let me inquire this: Do they ask permission to
buy land, or do they ask permission to engage in business, or what is
the request?
Mr. Sleeper. I think the request is specific ordinarily as to what
they intend to do.
Mr. Martin. If you can state to the committee when you furnish
this other information, names or cases wherein permission was denied,
I would request that that be done.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Now, I want to ask you about this sale of friar
lands to Frank J. Ferguson, on page 3, near the bottom of the page,
the fourth name from the bottom, 141 hectares ; is that the Mr. Fer-
guson who was your predecessor?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; my predecessor's name was not Ferguson.
408 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. Is that the Ferguson who was the predecessor of Mr.
Carpenter ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. Is he related to him?
Mr. Sleeper. Not to my knowledge.
Mr. Martin. I understood that this Frank J. Ferguson was the
brother of the predecessor of Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know ; I don't know Frank J. Ferguson, ex-
cept that he is an American. I think he is a farmer who lives in the
provinces.
Mr. Martin. In his report to the Secretary of War, on page 17,
top line. Gov. Gen. Forbes says he owns 12 lots in Baguio. That is
the summer capital, I believe, of the Philippines. He owns a lot of
12 acres in Baguio. Was that public land at the time the Governor
General acquired it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. How did he acquire it?
Mr. Sleeper. By bidding it in at public auction. It was at a sale
of lots at the town site of Baguio.
Mr. Martin. Who conducted that sale?
Mr. Sleeper. I did ; it was under my direction.
Mr. Martin. When?
Mr. Sleeper. Three or four years ago. I have the exact date with
me, but I don't remember.
Mr. Martin. He was not Governor General when he bid it in,
was he?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. At page 17 of his report the Governor General says :
I own a lot of 12 acres, in Bagnio on which I built a house which, before
taking up the position of Governor General, I used to live in. I had no expecta-
tion of being Governor General, and for that reason built myself this house, etc,
Mr. Martin. What was his official position when he bought this
land?
Mr. Sleeper. Secretary of commerce and police.
Mr. Martin. In Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Who bid against him in the purchase of this land?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't remember.
Mr. Martin. Have you any statement with you of the facts in
regard to the sales of land in Baguio?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. You have them with you in Washington?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. It is also stated in this report that Secretary of the
Interior Worcester owns a small plot of ground in Baguio. How
much is that plot?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't remember; it is a building lot.
Mr. Martin. Was that public land bought at auction?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. ^^Tiat was his official position at the time he bought it?
Mr. Sleeper. He was secretary of the interior.
Mr. Martin. How many other officials of the Philippine Govern-
ment own any tracts or plots of ground in Baguio purchased at an
auction sale of public lands?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 409
Mr. Sleeper. Quite a number of them, I presume.
Mr. Martin. Are you able to give this committee the name of
every Philippine Government official who bought public land at
auction sale in Baguio, the amount of land each owns, and what he
paid for it?
Mr. Sleeper. Not and be sure of whether they were Government
officials or not. I can pick out some Government officials. Whether
I have got them all or not, I don't know.
Mr. Martin. Will you give that information to the committee
as far as you can? I don't say necessarily this afternoon, but
later on.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
The Chairman. He can give that to the clerk of the committee.
Mr. Martin. What was your plan of procedure in putting this
land up ? For instance, take this 12 acres that Mr. Forbes got. Do
you remember putting up that particular tract of land and offering
it for sale?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. What was done about bidding on it, etc. ?
Mr. Sleeper. I was not present at the auction.
Mr. Martin. Who was the auction conducted by?
Mr. Sleeper. My assistant, Mr. Wilson.
Mr. Martin. You were not present at all?
Mr. Sleeper. Not at that sale.
Mr. Martin. Did Mr. Wilson submit to you a detailed report of
the proceedings at that sale?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. That is, he did not say how many people
bid on each tract of land, but he did say who was the highest bidder
and who it was knocked down to.
Mr. Martin. You do not know yourself, then, whether these offi-
cials actually bid against each other in the purchase of these tracts of
land, do you?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir. They were not all purchased at the same
time. There were many sales at different times in Baguio. Baguio
was reserved as a town site, and the provisions of the public-land act
in relation to town sites were observed in the sale, and the different
sections of the town were subdivided and made ready for sale.
Mr. Maetin. That is where the legislature convenes in the summer
season if there is a session?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And the Government officials go there and transact
business ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. That is the town to which they built or attempted to
build the Benguet railroad ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. The railroad is not built there yet, is it?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. I suppose most every man who can afford it, every
American at least, has a home there ?
Mr. Sleeper. There are not very many homes there as yet.
Mr. Martin. But right on that proposition, are not there some
prosecutions or something of that nature pending now in Baguio
over fraud or graft in the building of residences or other buildings
owned by some Government officials or employees ?
82278°— H, Kept. 2289, 61-3 30
410 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. There have been published in the newspapers some
charges that some employee or employees in Bagiiio were in some
way mixed up in their accounts, and they are in the bureau of public
works.
Mr. Martin. Have you had called to your attention a statement
coming from Judge Southworth, employed by the Philippine Gov-
ernment to prosecute fraud or graft in connection with buildings of
employees or officials in Baguio, wherein Judge Southworth with-
drew from the case on the part of the Government on the ground that
the Government itself was opposing his efforts to ascertain the facts
and carry on a vigorous prosecution ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. I would like Mr. Martin to state the relevancy of
any controversy in reference to a dwelling house in the town of
Baguio.
Mr. Douglas. Or in connection with any public building there.
Mr. Martin. This is not a public building.
Mr. Hamilton. I understood you to say dwelling houses.
Mr. Martin. They are buildings of some sort.
Mr. Parsons. Government buildings.
Mr. Martin. Buildings of some sort in Baguio, I understood. I
got the impression that they were probably being built by persons
in the employ of the Government on their land or lots up there, but
it may have been public buildings.
Mr. Sleeper. There were some public buildings constructed in
Baguio during the last year and a half or two years.
Mr. Hamilton. Assuming that they were public buildings and
there was some controversy arising, would that have anything to do
with the disposition of friar lands?
Mr. Martin. I will not argue that if the committee thinks it is not
proper.
Mr. Hamilton. I wanted to know its relevancy. If you will say
it is fairly connected with this investigation, very welL
Mr. Martin. I can not say at this time. All I can say at this time
is that I have seen what purports to be the verbatim statement of the
attorney employed by the Government in this work, which is in the
department of the interior, that he withdrew for the reason stated.
Mr. Worcester. The department of the interior has nothing what-
ever to do with the erection of public buildings, directly or indi-
rectly.
Mr. Douglas. I submit this ought not to go into the record, the
statement of Mr. Martin, a statement of what he has heard reflect-
ing upon people in the Government. Such testimony would not be
admitted in a justice of the peace court.
The Chairman. The chair calls attention to the fact that this reso-
lution under which we are proceeding calls upon us to make a com-
plete investigation of the interior department of the Philippine Gov-
ernment touching the disposition of the Philippine lands.
Mr. Martin. Passing on, then, on page 17 of the record the Gov-
ernor General states that he caused to be purchased and put into the
hands of trustees a tract of land south of Manila. The exact lan-
guage is as follows:
I also caused to be purchased and put into the hands of trustees in such a
way that I can not get any possible profit from it a tract of land south of
ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 411
Manila, on which I have caused to be biiilt a country club for my personal
entertainment and those of my friends in Manila who like to participate in
the kind of sports provided at that club.
Were you director of public lands at the time of that transfer — the
transfer to Gov. Forbes of this land that he refers to ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; I have been director of lands for about five
years.
Mr. Martin. How large a tract of land is that?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't know.
Mr. Martin. How long since the transfer was made?
Mr. Sleeper. Withirn two years, I believe ; a year or two years ago.
Mr. Martin. Can you approximate the size of that tract?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. Can you state what kind of title the governor got?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. Was he Governor General at the time the transfer
was made?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't remember that, whether he was or not.
Mr. Martin. How long has he been Governor General ?
Mr. Sleeper. I don't remember when he was appointed Governor
General.
Mr. Martin. What kind of land was this? You say you con-
ducted the sale. It must have been public land.
Mr. Sleeper. You mean this land of the polo club ?
Mr. Martin. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr, Martin. Did I understand you correctly to say
Mr. Sleeper (interposing). I don't understand to what you are
referring.
Mr. Martin. I got the impression that you stated you made a con-
veyance or something of that sort to Mr, Forbes.
Mr. Sleeper. Of what?
Mr. Martin. Of this land that I referred to where the country
club has been built.
Mr. Sleeper. South of Manila?
Mr. Martin. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. He has not intimated any such thing.
Mr. Sleeper. That was private land, as I understand it, and he
bought it.
Mr. Martin. It was private land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And he bought it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. He says he caused it to be put into the hands of
trustees.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir ; I think that is true from what I have heard.
Mr. Martin. You say, then, that that land was private land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. At any rate it did not pass through your offices in
any way that you know of?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. Are you engaged in any business enterprises your-
self?
412 ADMIKISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. What are they?
Mr. Sleeper. I am interested in a mining corporation.
Mr. Martin. Corporation or corporations?
Mr. Sleeper. One.
Mr. Martin. What is the extent of its mineral holdings?
Mr. Sleeper. It owns three mineral claims, I think.
Mr. Martin. How long has it held them ?
Mr. Sleeper. About five or six years.
Mr. Martin. Were they acquired, then, by this corporation from
the public domain or were they mines that were in private ownership
already and were transferred?
Mr. Sleeper. Mines that were taken up by individuals who finally
combined into a corporation.
Mr. Martin. When did your identity with the corporation begin?
Mr. Sleeper. I was one of the original holders of the claim.
Mr. Martin. Original holder of a mineral claim ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And put it into this corporation ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. How did you acquire that claim ?
Mr. Sleeper. I went down on the land and located it — no; I
didn't ; I bought the location of another man.
Mr. Martin. You bought the location?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Did you afterwards develop it and get a patent to it?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Were you in the Government service then?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Who gave you permission to do that?
Mr, Sleeper. The governor general, I think it was.
Mr. Martin. Were these other gentlemen who got the other two
claims Government employees?
Mr. Sleeper. One of them was and one of them was not.
Mr. Martin. Two of the three, then, were Government employees?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And you got permission to purchase mines •
Mr. Sleeper. To engage in the mining industry.
Mr. Martin. To engage in the mining industry ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Could you file on mineral land, locate it, develop and
get title to it without permission, while you were in the Government
employ ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. You were entitled to do that while you were in the
Government employ?
Mr. Sleeper. I see no reason why not.
Mr. Martin. I say, you were permitted to do it?
Mr. Sleeper. I did do it ; yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Are Government employees there generally permit-
ted by the insular government to locate and patent mining claims ?
Mr. Sleeper. There is no prohibition against it that I know of.
Mr. Martin. You know that mineral and timber lands on the pub-
lic domain are reserved. Were these on the public domain ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 413
Mr. Skeeper. They were mineral lands open to exploration and
filing.
Mr. Martin. Under the Philippine mining laws?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Do you know if there are any considerable number
of Government employees in the Philippines who have mining inter-
ests acquired by means of locating and patenting mineral lands ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; I do not think there are a great many that have
done it that way. They have purchased stock in mineral corpora-
tions.
Mr. Martin. They have purchased stock in mineral corporations?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Well, have they had a practice over there of staking
prospectors to go out and make locations ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Government employees would stake prospectors?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And they would go out and make the locations in
their own names?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And then afterwards transfer a part or all of their
interests to the Government employees?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know what they did with it afterwards. I
guess they mostly abandoned it afterwards, so far.
Mr. Martin. You have not got any Cripple Creeks out there yet,
Captain, have you?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; but w^e hope to.
Mr. Martin. How about timberlands?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know about the timberlands. That does
not come in my department, and I do not know anything about it.
Mr. Martin. You have stated that it has been usually the case
where friar lands were sold in excess of 16 hectares to an individual,
that those sales were made to former occupants, persons who had
occupied' the lands at the time, or prior to the time of their turning
over to the Philippine Government.
Mr. Sleeper. That has been the case with the majority of sales.
Mr. Martin. It is also the case. Captain, that that right on their
part to purchase the occupied tracts with no reference to the size of
them is provided for in Section 65 of the Organic Act of the Philip-
pine Islands, passed by Congress, is it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; I think that is true.
Mr. Martin. Now, you said that when Mr. Poole first called at
your office he wanted lands south of the San Jose estate?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what he told me.
Mr. Martin. And that you suggested the San Jose estate to him?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. At that time he had not been down on the San Jose
estate ?
Mr, Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. And he did not go down for some time afterwards?
Mr. Sleeper. Within a month, I think it was ; along there.
Mr. Martin. When did he first call at your officie?
Mr. Sleeper. On the 12th day of October, if I remember.
414 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. And it was a month or so afterwards that he went
down and looked over the land on the San Jose estate and contiguous
lands?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know how long it was, but it was within a
month or so afterwards.
Mr. Martin. Now, Captain, I refer to your statement that he did
not want the San Jose estate because he wanted lands south of there,
in connection with Gov. Forbes's telegram or cable to the Secre-
tary of War at Washington, dated October 22, which was before Mr.
Poole went down in Mindoro :
Prentiss and Poole desire to purchase unoccupied sugar lands on the San
Jose friar estate in Mindoro.
I also, in connection with your statement that he did not ask for
that estate first but for other lands, refer you to the statement in
Secretary Worcester's letter of October 21, 1909, to Gen. Edwards:
Two gentlemen who are contemplating the purchase of considerable tracts of
San Jose friar estate caUed at my office the other day, etc.
That is dated October 21. How does it come, in view of those
statements, that these men decided that they wanted other lands
south of the San Jose estate, and not that estate, when they had not
been down there to see it, and how did these statements come to be
made if it was not the San Jose estate that they wanted?
Mr. Sleeper. I called their attention to the San Jose estate and told
them I thought it was better land than the land they had intimated
to me they wanted to get, and I went over the prospectus and plans
and endeavored to induce them to at least consider the purchase of
that property, and then the question was raised as to the legality of
it, and I got the opinion of my attorney and referred it over to my
superiors.
Mr. Martin. Then the first mention of the San Jose estate came
from you?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And not from Prentiss and Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; it came from me.
Mr. Martin. What they wanted was lands south of the San Jose
estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what they told me that they had been advised
to look at.
Mr. Martin. But you have become sufficiently familiar with the
record made over here in the Bureau of Insular Affairs by this time,
have you not, to know that their attorney, or the attorney represent-
ing their principal, or principals, had called here at the Bureau of
Insular Affairs on September 3 and discussed the matter of pur-
chasing the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Mr. Poole advised me that their attorney had been
advised in Washington that these estates could not be sold in areas
in excess of 16 hectares, and I informed the Secretary of the Interior
of that information, and told him that I thought it was a mistake,
that they could be sold.
Mr. Martin. Have you seen this letter of Secretary Worcester in
which he said that. they — Prentiss and Poole — stated that they had
been informed in Washington at the Bureau of Insular Affairs that
the sale of friar lands was subject to the same limitations as that
of public lands?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 415
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And still you say that it was not the San Jose estate
that they mentioned or asked for at all, but other lands?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; because they believed they could not buy the
San Jose estate.
Mr. Martin. You stated that Mr. Poole paid for the 200 hectares,
I believe, of the Mindoro estate, of the lands of the Mindoro De-
velopment Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; it was paid for.
Mr. Martin. You said Mr. Poole paid for that?
Mr. Sleeper. I did not say who, definitely, paid for it.
Mr. Martin. I just made a note of your statement, and I may not
have been correct, that Mr. Poole paid for the Mindoro Co. lands.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I did not say that. Mr. Poole made the only
payment to me that has been paid.
Mr. Martin. What was that for?
Mr. Sleeper. That was for the 4,200 hectares, plus the first pay-
ment of the installments on the balance of the estate.
Mr. Martin. Mr. Poole paid for the 4,200 hectares?
Mr. Sleeper. In cash.
Mr. Martin. And paid in full for that tract?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; and made one payment
Mr. Martin. And made one payment?
Mr. Sleeper. For the other.
Mr. Martin. Then the company must have gotten the land from
him?
Mr. Sleeper. That was my understanding.
Mr. Martin. They must have gotten the 200 hectares from him ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; the company was one of his nominees, and
we deeded the land directly to the company.
Mr. Martin. Now, you deeded the land directly to the company,
but who paid for that? That is the question I am asking you, who
paid for that 200 hectares that was paid for directly?
Mr. Douglas. That was paid as part of that 4,200.
Mr. Martin. Was that paid as a part of that 4,200?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And the check was signed by Mr. Poole?
Mr. Sleeper. That is what I do not remember.
Mr. Parsons. That was for the 4,200 all in one check?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Where is that check now ?
Mr. Sleeper. In the bank at Manila, I presume.
Mr. Martin. You state that a man from the Honolulu Iron Works
called and stated that he was building a sugar mill for the Mindoro
Co. When was that?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it was in September or October.
Mr. Martin. September or October?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Of this year?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Did he say for whom the sugar plant was being built?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; he said he was putting up a sugar plant on
the Island of Mindoro, on the San Jose estate.
416 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr, Martin. I understand that Mr. Thayer has disappeared, and
receivers have been appointed to take charge of kis interests there.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. I have heard it stated, however, that others were
taking over his interests with a view to proceeding with the purchase
of a part of the Calamba estate, the part that he had a lease for or an
option to purchase. Do you know anything about that ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. You do not know whether there are any persons in
interest there in Mindoro that have arranged or are arranging to
take over the part of this estate for which he contracted ?
Mr. Sleeper. I know the receivers -are endeavoring to get somebody
to take over that property, and Mr. Carman is one of the men.
Mr. Martin. Mr. Carman is one of the same gentlemen there who
are figuring on taking over this land?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Who is Mr. Carman ? ...
Mr. Sleeper. He is a wealthy American who lives in Manila.
Mr. Martin. You do not know what interest he represents or is
connected with?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; he has some real estate there, I think.
Mr. Martin. You stated that some of these special provisions were
placed in Mr. Carpenter's lease because the land was not very
valuable, and so forth.
Mr. Sleeper. In my opinion, yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. And yet at this time all the lands on that estate for
which sales certificates have not issued are covered by Mr. Carpenter's
lease ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Notwithstanding the character or condition of the
land, it is under certificates of sale now to the Filipinos, excepting
what he has ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; practically all. There may be some small
parcels.
Mr. Martin. Sales began on the Piedad estate August 10, 1910, I
believe it is stated in this report here, in the matter that you went over
this morning?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. That estate is between the Tala estate and the city of
Manila ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. What is the area of the Piedad ?
Mr. Sleeper. Nine thousand six hundred and iBfty acres.
Mr. Martin. There never was a single acre of that estate sold until
the 9th of August, 1910?
Mr. Sleeper. That is approximately the date ; I do not know sure.
Mr. Martin. Since which time you have sold how many thousand
acres of it?
Mr. Sleeper. I will have to get a statement bringing that up to
date.
Mr. Martin. How many acres did you say were in it?
Mr. Sleeper. Nine thousand six hundred and fifty.
Mr. Martin. I made a note righc under that note about the sales
on August 9, to the effect that 9,000 acres have been sold ; but I am
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 417
not sure whether it refers to the sales of that estate or to the sales of
the Tala estate, but I believe it refers to the Piedad.
Mr. Sleeper. The Piedad estate should be pretty well sold. It
was 95 per cent occupied on the 1st day of July.
Mr. Douglas. Ninety -five per cent occupied ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. So that while the sales were begun on the 9th of
August, 1910, you have sold about 9,000 acres of that estate? You
can correct those figures, I will say, if they are wrong.
Mr. Sleeper. We have practically sold all of it but one lease, the
Dancel lease,
Mr. Martin. It can not be sold at this time ?
Mr. Sleeper. It can be ; yes.
Mr. Douglas. You say it can not be, or it can be?
Mr. Sleeper. It can be sold.
Mr. Martin. You completed the field work on that Piedad estate
December 16, 1907 ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; I think that is the date.
Mr. Martin. That is on page 97?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. So that it took your bureau from December IG, 1907,
when you completed the field work, up to August 9, 1910, to get it
in shape to begin sales?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Nearly three years?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And this estate was right on the borders of the city
of Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. That has nothing to do with it.
Mr. Martin. Well, but it is located there, is it not?
Mr. Sleeper, Yes.
Mr. Martin. And came right down almost to the city limits?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; within 2 or 3 miles.
Mr. Martin. Now, I will show you a matter that we want to clear
up a little bit here in a moment. I notice on page 97, under this head-
ing of "Surveys; field work completed," that the field work was
completed on the last estate, the Santa Maria de Pandi, on June 30,
1908?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. And all the others had their field work completed, a
great many of them in 1907 and 1906, and even back in 1905.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. Yet in scrutinizing that table it does not appear that
you had hardly any of these estates ready for sale until well along
'in 1910.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, that is true.
Mr. Martin. I call attention to the fact in my statement that of
the 65,000 acres of the friar lands which had been sold up to July 1,
1910, over 38,000 acres had been sold on four of these estates since
the controversy over the friar lands in Congress, and I want to ask
now if the bulk of the rest of the sales have not been made since
that time?
Mr. Sleeper. They have been made — all estates have been offered
for sale except one, the Talisay-Minglanilla in Cebu, which I ex-
418 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
pected to put on sale this month, but which I have just received word
can not be put on sale until the 15th of February on account of
the identification.
Mr. Martin. Was the condition of work in your office such that
from one year and a half to three years, as appears in this table, had
to elapse after the completion of field work before you could get
them in shape to make the sales ?
Mr. Sleeper. That was the fact, yes, sir; with the funds we had
available, and the employees.
Mr. Martin. I want to ask you if Mr. E. L. Worcester has had
any other land holdings, or if he has had any trouble over land
holdings, in the Philippines, to your knowledge ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I do not remember any.
Mr. Martin. Was he concerned in any way in the action brought
by the Secretary of the Interior against those newspaper men over
there?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know.
Mr. Martin. You do not know whether he was concerned in that
or not ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Can you give me any idea how near you are through ?
Mr. Martin. Yes ; I am very near through. Up to and including
1908 the report of the director of public lands was included in the
report of the Philippine Commission, which was sent on here to
Washington, presumably to the Secretary of War, was it not ?
Mr. Sleeper. I sent my reports to the Secretary of the Interior.
What he did with them I do not know, except that it has been pub-
lished at times.
Mr. Martin. I ask you, then, if you really know whether your
annual report up to and including 1908 was embodied in the Philip-
pine Commission report made to the Secretary of War ?
Mr. Sleeper. I believe there was some general letter or circular
sent around stating that the annual report hereafter would have to
be modified in size and would not be published. I do not know
when that was.
Mr. Martin. As the result of that circular, or, whatever was sent
around, your report for 1909 was omitted from the report of the
Philippine Commission made by the Secretary of War here in
Washington ?
Mr. Sleeper. The same as other Government bureau reports in
Manila.
Mr. Martin. So that that report and that information was not
available in the Philippine Commission report for 1909, as it had
been for the preceding years ?
Mr. Parsons. It was published in Manila, was it not?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Martin. It was here in Washington ?
Mr. Sleeper. It was in the Bureau of Insular Affairs.
Mr. Martin. It was in the Bureau of Insular Affairs?
Mr. Sleeper. I presume it was.
Mr. Martin. In what form was it in that bureau ?
Mr. Sleeper. It was in the form of a typewritten report.
Mr. Martin. It was not printed for distribution and was not
available to Members of Congress, for instance, in printed form ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 419
Mr. Sleeper. It was not. I never had it printed in Manila.
Mr. Martin. I bring that fact out in connection with the difficul-
ties that were experienced in getting that report until it was fur-
nished, along toward the close of Congress, by the Secretary of War,
after it had been called for once or twice before. Now I want to ask
one or two more questions.
Mr. Parsons. Is that a question or a statement ?
Mr. Martin. If Mr. Sleeper w^ants to say anything with reference
to it, very well.
The Chairman. Go ahead.
Mr. Martin. This agricultural fund of $100,000
Mr. Douglas. That is the loan fund — to loan to tenants.
Mr. Martin. That was first to be applied in Cavite Province, was
it not?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir ; I think it was first to be applied in Laguna
Province.
Mr. Martin. Did it not designate one certain province?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it designated certain estates.
Mr. Martin. What is that?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it designated certain estates. I originally
recommended that certain estates come under the provisions of that
fund, because we wanted to get them under cultivation; they were
high-priced land, like the Santa Eosa estate. That was the estate I
was principally interested in at that time.
Mr. Martin. But it especially mentioned the encouragement of
sugar production, did it not?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Douglas. The act will speak for itself.
Mr. Martin. I call your attention to this in regard to that. It
says :
Loans wiU be made for the sole purpose of stiiiuilatin.c: the production of
sugar, and can only be made on certain lands of the railroad company, which
estates are owned by the Sugar Mill Co.
That is the statement that has been made in connection with this
matter.
Mr. Douglas. By you on the floor, do you mean ?
Mr. Martin. You will find it in the Congressional Record. Now,
what I want to ask is this: Is it not a fact that that fund was origi-
nally ordered to be applied only to sugar estates, and that thereafter
it was enlarged?
Mr. Sleeper. That was my original intention, to assist the culti-
vation of sugar on these estates where the men had lost their mills
and their caraboes and everything else.
Mr. Martin. Afterwards you enlarged it to include other estates?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir; we enlarged it and extended it to certain
other estates.
Mr. Martin. Did you not extend it to certain other estates in about
August, 1908?
Mr. Sleeper. August 21, 1908.
Mr. Martin. August 21, 1908; and one of those estates that you
ordered it extended to was the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
420 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Martin. Can you state whether the Tala estate has ever gotten
any part of that fund in any manner, or has any part of that fund
been expended upon the Tala estate?
Mr. Sleeper. I think so.
Mr. Martin. How much?
Mr. Sleeper. I do not know. I would have to look the records up.
Mr. Martin. I Avould like to know how much of that fund has been
expended on the Tala estate, and for what purpose ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
Mr. Martin. Now, I am almost through. I want to ask how or
why it was that Mr. Carpenter's name was omitted from the report
of the director of public lands for 1909 ?
Mr. Sleeper. From what?
Mr. Martin. This lease to Mr. Carpenter on the Tala does not ap-
pear in this report, or what is called the report, that was sent to Con-
gress by Secretary Dickinson, Document No. 914.
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; it does not appear in the specific name — in
his name.
Mr. Martin. The lease had also been made some months prior to
the 1908 report and it does not appear there. Is it the practice in
your office in making up its annual reports to omit such an item as an
option to lease 12,000 or 15,000 acres of land?
Mr. Sleeper. The area of land leased is included in this report, to
Mr. Carpenter; it is not mentioned by name, as being to Mr. Car-
penter, but neither is anybody else's name mentioned. The number
of leases that he had signed at that time is included in the area of
the Tala estate as reported.
Mr. Parsons. Is there the same situation in regard to the report
for 1908 ? ^ ^
Mr. Sleeper. Yes, sir. I do not think any of them were mentioned
by name.
Mr. Martin. Here in Document No. 914, on page 14, this being the
report for 1909, it is stated down there next to the last paragraph that
" it is anticipated that the following estates will be placed on sale
during the year," the first estate mentioned being the Tala.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. The fact is that that estate had been leased to Mr.
Carpenter, with the option to purchase all the unoccupied land on
it and all the unoccupied land that might become vacant, more than
a year before this statement was made here?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Martin. The fact is that that lease is not mentioned or spe-
cifically referred to in either the 1908 or 1909 report?
Mr. Sleepek, Or any other reports, except the special reports call-
ing for names.
Mr. Douglas. No other name ; no other lease, he means.
Mr. Sleeper. The name of the lessee.
Mr. Martin. You mention a preliminary contract as having been
entered into during the previous year for the Tala estate. That is
mentioned at page 82 of this document, number 914.
Mr. Parsons. That is in the appendix.
Mr. Martin. Yes. You allude there, or refer there, to the Tala
estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 421
Mr. Martin. At page 82 it says:
The balance of the estate, for which a preliminary contract was made during
the previous year, will soon be leased and occupied.
Leaving out the matter of reporting the name, there really is not
any way in which a person could take either the 1908 report or the
1909 report and determine that this lease has been made ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; any more than he could any other lease.
Mr. Martin. I am not mentioning Mr. Carpenter. They could not
determine from this that this lease had been made to any other
person ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. Nor any other lease to any person?
Mr. Sleeper. Nor any other lease, except that so much land had
been leased.
The Chairman. In other words, your annual reports do not give
the names of any lessees?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What was the cause of the delay between the prep-
aration and sale in regard to the Piedad estate?
Mr. Sleeper. We had a limited number of clerks and employees to
do this work. We also had a limited appropriation, and therefore
we had to take the estates as we would come to them and work them
out and put them on sale, and it culminated this year in rushing to
final sale, classification, and so forth, within the last year, following
out the ideas of the legislature out there that they did not want to
expend only so much money per year on the friar-land administra-
tion.
Mr. Hamilton. Was this rushing of the friar-land matter con-
nected in any way with any discussion in Congress ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; this investigation has delayed, I might say,
my bureau two months in the culmination of this matter.
The Chairman. You say that the Piedad estate has been practi-
cally all sold ? Was it or not sold to tenants ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; most of it was sold to former tenants.
Mr. Hamilton. Is this Piedad estate treated in any other w^ay than
any other estate in these reports ?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; just the same.
Mr. Parsons. Was there any suggestion that it was just as well
to leave estates to be largely occupied hiter, because the tenants would
be better able to purchase later on, because they would have more
carabaos, and so on?
Mr. Sleeper. That Avas a fact. I made that report myself.
Mr. Parsons. Where is that mining claim to which you referred?
Mr. Sleeper. At Masbate.
Mr. Parsons. How far is that from Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. It is about a 30 or 35-hour trip from Manila in a
steamer.
Mr. Parsons. Did you have any knowledge of these orders issued
by the Secretary or the Governor General as to permitting employees
to enter business?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The Mr. Gilbert referred to in connection with the
Miller matter was the Mr. Gilbert who was formerly a Member of
Congress ?
422 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Parsons. How can anybody get lands in Baguio ?
Mr. Sleeper. By purchasing them at public auction.
Mr. Parsons. Is that the only method ?
Mr. Sleeper. That is the only way at the present time, except to
buy them from somebody else who has already purchased at public
auction.
Mr. Hamilton. This prohibition as to engaging in business, is it
a statute or a rule?
Mr. Sleeper. I understand it is a rule of the Civil Service Board
in the nature of an executive order.
Mr. Hamilton. Have you the exact language anywhere about you ?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I think it is here, though.
Mr. Hamilton. I would suggest that you incorporate that in your
testimony.
(The order referred to is as follows:)
[Civil Service Rules.— Executive Order No. 5.]
The Goveenme:nt of the Philippine Islands,
Executive Bureau,
Manila, P. /., January 9, 1909.
In the exercise of power conferred by the act of Congress of July 1, 1902,
known as the " Philippine bill," and by act No. 1698 of the Philippine Commis-
sion, known as the " Revised civil-service act," the Governor General hereby ap-
proves and promulgates the following civil-service rules prepared and certified
by the director of civil service, in lieu of the civH-service rules promulgated
September 1, 1904, and amendments thereof.
Rule XIII. — Prohihliions and penalties.
5. No officer or employee shall engage in any private business, vocation, or
profession, or be connected with any commercial undertaking, or lend money on
real or personal property without written permission from the chief of the bu-
reau or office in which he is serving, and of the Governor General or proper head
of department. As a general rule, in any enterprise which involves the taking of
time, this prohibition will be absolute in the case of those officers and employees
whose remuneration is fixed on the assumption that their entire time is at the
disposal of the Government; if granted permission to engage in a business re-
quiring time of applicant, copies must be furnished the director.
Mr. Parsons. In this map you have here of these friar lands, within
60 kilometers of Manila, I notice on the Calamba estate, in green,
some land apparently belonging to the Philippine Sugar Estates De-
velopment Co.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; that is one of the parcels I spoke of in my state-
ment.
Mr. Parsons. Keserved by the friars ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Parsons. Is that so in every case where the Philippine Sugar
Estates Development Co. appears^
Mr. Sleeper. I beg your pardon ?
Mr. Parsons. In all these cases where the Philippine Sugar Estates
Development Co. appears on this map in green, has that been re-
served from sale by the friars?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Parsons. What is the Philippine Sugar Estates Development
Co.?
' ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 423
Mr. Sleeper. It is a corporation which formerly owned some of the
estates which were purchased, known as the friar estates.
Mr. Parsons. The San Isidro and San Jose estates given here, are
those friar estates?
Mr. Sleeper. No; I think they are private estates. One of them
I know is, and I think they both are.
Mr. Douglas. In the administration of the fund of ^100,000, which
was appropriated to assist tenants, I want to know what you know
of any attempt to so administer that fund as to benefit the Manila
Railway Co. or any other person or corporation whatsoever, except
the men — the individual land owners who had suffered, the cultiva-
tors of the soil — for whose benefit the fund was desired ?
Mr. Sleeper. There was no attempt to administer the funds for the
benefit of anybody but the cultivators of the soil, at any time, and no
amount of that money has gone from that fund to benefit anybody
else.
Mr, Douglas. What have you to say to the charge made by Mr.
Martin that the money was spent for the sole purpose, or the loan
was made for the purpose, of stimulating the sale of sugar on certain
estates which are reached by the lines of the Manila Railway Co.?
Mr. Sleeper. It is absolutely false.
Mr. Douglas. What have you to say with reference to the intima-
tions made by the question asked you about the publication of the
lease to Mr. Carpenter, as to whether you or anyone in your office, to
your knowledge, or any member of the Philippine Government, has
ever at any time or in any manner suggested to you or to anyone that
they acknowledged the advisability of suppressing the leases made to
Mr. Carpenter from publication?
Mr. Sleeper. I have never heard any remarks or intimations ex-
cept from Mr. Carpenter himself, after the attack made on him.
Mr. Douglas. What do you mean by that — that he wanted it
suppressed ?
Mr. Sleeper. No ; but he was turning over in his own mind whether
he ought to do it or not.
Mr. Douglas. Do what?
Mr. Sleeper. Relinquish his lease, if he could, but I told him he
could not.
Mr. Douglas. You told him he could not ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes.
Mr. Douglas. And has he asked you, or have you asked anybody^
or have you connived in any way, directly, or indirectly, to suppress
the fact in any reports made to anybody above you or below you
that anybody had made such a lease?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. In the next place, have you any desire yourself, Capt.
Sleeper, to further explain the fact that you, at some time, a number
of years ago, became interested in some mining proposition out there ?
Mr. Sleeper. Except as a matter of business ; I used to put up $25
a month to a prospector, who finally located a claim for me, and
we found there was a lead in the claim, and we went on developing
until we are now getting a mine there. It was in a country that was
absolutely undeveloped, and no mining done. At the time I did this
I was in the service of the city of Manila, and at the time I accepted
my appointment I spoke to Gov. Wright about this thing, and he
424 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
said it could continue right along, he would not make any objections
to that ; but that I should not go into any new land ventures at all,
and I agreed to that.
The Chairman. You were not an officer of the Philippine Govern-
ment?
Mr. Sleeper. I was an officer of the city of Manila, which is a
part of the Philippine Government, but under separate organization.
Mr. Madison. Had you filed on your mining claim at the time you
became an employee of the Government?
Mr. Sleeper. Had I filed on it ?
Mr. Madison. Yes.
Mr. Sleeper. Yes; I had been staking a prospector down there,
and the claim was in my name.
Mr. Madison. You had actually located the claim and had made
your filing upon the claim?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; I had been down on the ground.
Mr. Madison. Before you became an employee of the Government?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; I think about a year before.
Mr. Madison. Now, I want to ask another question. What notices
are given of the sales at Baguio, the auction sales of leases ?
Mr. Sleeper. They are advertised in the daily papers of Manila,
and are advertised in the bulletins of the office of public lands, and
also on the property at Baguio.
Mr. Madison. What notice is given?
Mr. Sleeper. Seven days, I think.
Mr. Madison. How far is Baguio from Manila?
Mr. Sleeper. I think it is 155 miles.
Mr. Madison. Reached by railroad?
Mr. Sleeper. All but 17 miles is reached by railroad.
Mr. Worcester. For the sake of getting the matter in the record
where it belongs, may I ask Capt. Sleeper two very brief questions ?
The Chairman. Yes.
Mr. Worcester. Capt. Sleeper, a good deal has been made here,
apparently, of the time that elapsed before the sales began on estates
which had already been leased to their occupants, and the statement
has been made by Mr. Martin on the floor of the House that the
rental paid by lessees conferred upon them no rights connected with
their holdings. Will you state to the committee whether that state-
ment by Mr. Martin is true, or whether it is true under the law and
the rulings of the department of the interior that the leasing of
land by an occupant entitles him to purchase that land, and that
every payment he makes on account of rental constitutes a part pay-
ment of the purchase price so that this change between the lease
column and the sales column is quickly made when the time comes
for it, and is, in effect, a book transaction, and the rights of the ten-
ant to his land are protected from the day he takes out his lease?
Mr. Sleeper. That is true.
Mr. Worcester. The suggestion has been very broadly made here
that action on the friar estates has been expedited as a result of this
investigation. Is it or is it not true that at the time I prepared my
special report to the Secretary of War I called upon you for a state-
ment as to the probable progress which would be made in disposing
of the estates, and that instead of having got ahead faster than we
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 425
expected, we have got ahead more slowly than we expected at that
time and are going to be about two months late ?
Mr. Sleeper. Yes ; that is true.
Mr. Worcester. That is all.
The Chairman. The committee will stand adjourned until 10
o'clock next Monday morning.
(Thereupon the committee adjourned until Monday, December 19,
1910, at 10 o'clock a.m.)
The lease to Emilio Aguinaldo, referred to by Capt. Sleeper at
page 289 of these hearings, is as follows :
[B. L. Form No. 26.]
[Philippine Islands, Province of Cavite, Imus estate. Temporary lease No. 3605. Annual
rental, r420.]
Tliis indenture, made and entered into in duplicate tliis 22d day of May,
1907, by and between C. H. Sleeper as director of lands, with cedula No.
A~1479174, 190~, acting lierein for and on behalf of the Government of the
Philippine Islands, as authorized by the provisions of tlie friar lands act, No.
1120, as party of the first part, and Kmilio Aguinaldo, of age, a resident
of the barrio of Cavite Viejo, municipality of Novaleta, Province of Cavite, by
occupation a farmer, married, with cedula No. 162967, 1907, party of the
second part:
Witnesseth that the party of the first part, for and in consideration of the
rents, covenants, stipulations, and conditions hereinafter stated and hereby
agreed to be paid, observed, and performed by the party of the second part,
does hereby lease, let, and demise unto the party of the second part the follow-
ing-described tract of land, lying and being in the municipality of Imus, Prov-
ince of Cavite, Philippine Islands, and being a portion of the Imus estate, the
property of said Government, to wit : One parcel, Baldio, barrio of Paliparan,
262 H. 50 A. ; Bosque, barrio of Paliparan, 787 H. 50 A.
Bounded on the north by a line beginning on the east bank of Baluctot River
and extending in an easterly direction to a point on the west bank of the Embar-
cadero River; bounded on the east by the Embarcadero River; bounded on the
south by the southern boundary of the Imus estate; bounded on the west by
the Baluctot River.
Containing an area of 1,050 hectares, ares, and cen tares, for the
period of years, dating from the 1st day of January, 1907.
In consideration whereof, and recognizing the said lands as the property of
said Government, the party of the second part hereby agrees to pay to the di-
rector of lands or his representative, at such place as he may designate, as
rental for said premises, the sum of $210 and cents. United States cur-
rency, per annum, and to pay said sum on the date following, to wit, $210 on
December 31, 1907.
In further consideration, and as an essential condition of this lease, it is
expressly understood and agreed that this lease shall terminate and expire on
the 31st day of December, A. D. 1907, and that no presumption of renewal or
continuation beyond that day can arise, the party of the second part hereby
expressly renouncing and waiving all rights conferred in this regard by the
provisions of article 1566 of the civil code. The party of the second part hereby
further waives and renounces any rights to notice or demand for payment of
rent mentioned in section 80 of the code of civil procedure, as well as all other
periods of grace, and agrees that the director of lands may annul and terminate
this lease should the party of the second part fail or refuse to pay the above
stipulated rental in the sums and at the times and place hereinbefore agreed
upon. The party of the second part hereby further waives and renounces any
right he may have under the provisions of article 1554 of the civil code, to be
placed or maintained in peaceable possession of the premises hereby leased,
and also any right he might have under the provisions of article 1575 of the
civil code, to any reduction of rent on account of any loss or damage suffered
by reason of any extraordinary or unforeseen fortuitous events,
82278°— H. Rept. 2289, 61-3 31
426 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Said party of the second part expressly agrees that he will not assign or
transfer this lease, or subrent or sublease said lands, or any part thereof, with-
out first securing the written permission of said party of the first part.
It is hereby expressly understood and agreed by and between the parties
hereto, that the land herein designated in the description as " bosque " land
shall pay a rental at the rate of forty centavos (^.40) Philippine currency per
hectare for each of the two (2) years immediately following the expiration of
the one (1) year for which the within lease is hereby executed.
And it is further expressly understood and agreed that, at such a time as the
hereinbefore described lands become subject to purchase, the within named
lessee shall be entitled to purchase the aforementioned lands described as
" baldio," at the minimum rate at which lands on the Imus estate, classed as
" baldio," are to be sold.
That the within-named lessee shall be entitled to purchase the lands, herein-
before designated as " bosque," at the minimum rate at which lands on the said
estate, classed as " bosque," are sold ; it being expressly understood that the
said lands, by reason of work performed and moneys expended in improvements
thereon, shall not be considered as of enhanced value at the time when the same
become subject to sale, but shall be considered as of the value and in the same
conditions in which the same are found on the date of the execution of the within
instrument.
In witness whereof the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
Emilio Aguinaldo.
Signed by the party of the second part in the presence of —
C. D. Behrens,
Candido Sayoc.
Approved :
James F. Smith,
Acting Secretary of the Interior.
Certified correct:
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF THE
PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT.
House of Representatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Monday, Decewher 19, 1910,
The committee met to-day at 10 o^ clock a. m.
In the absence of the chairman, Hon. Edgar D. Crumpacker pre-
sided. Present: Messrs. Crumpacker, Hamilton, Hubbard, Gra-
ham, Parsons, Davis, Madison, Douglas, Jones, Page, Garrett, Helm,
Rucker, and Larrinaga.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Worcester, will you tal^c the witness stand.
Have you been sworn ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I have not been sworn.
TESTIMONY OF MR. D. C. WORCESTER.
(The witness was sworn by the acting chairman.)
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Worcester, what position do you occupy in
the Government of the Philippine Islands ?
Mr. Worcester. I am the secretary of the interior, a member of
the Philippine Commission, which is the upper house of our legisla-
ture, and chairman of the joint committee of the Philippine Legis-
lature.
Mr. Crumpacker. What are the duties of that joint committee
and its composition ?
Mr. Worcester. The joint committee continues in session during
the interim between the sessions of the legislature. It is made up of
seven members of the commission and seven members of the Philippine
Assembly. Its duties are in part to attend to the disbursement of
what we call a calamity fund. The islands are subject to sudden
misfortunes at times from violent storms, great fires that destroy
whole towns, and earthquakes^ and we have found that disbursements
may be required to be made when the legislature is not in session.
The committee further occuj)ies itself with proposed laws which may
be presented to it by the presiding officer of either house, and prepares
its recommendations upon them for the legislature — gets them in
shape for submission.
Mr. Crumpacker. It makes recommendations for legislation to
the two houses ?
Mr. Worcester. On such measures as may be submitted to it, but
it does not itself originate measures.
Mr. Crumpacker. How long have you been secretary of the
interior ?
Mr. Worcester. Since the organization of the executive depart-
ments of the Government. I thmk my appointment bears date of
September 1, 1901.
427
428 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. Were you a member of the original Philippine
Commission ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; the so-called Schiirman Commission.
Mr. Crumpacker. When were you appointed on that commission ?
Mr. Worcester. I think my appointment was dated during the
last week of December, 1898. We left for the Philippines the first ojE
January, 1899.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have you been connected with the Government
of the Philippine Island from that time until the present time ?
Mr. Worcester. I have, sir. I have held office continuously.
My membership in the first Philippine Commission continued until
my appointment to the second Philippine Commission.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether or not you have a general acquaint-
ance with the Philippine Islands — those that are inhabited — the lands,
climate, and topography of the islands.
Mr. Worcester. I have a pretty general acquaintance with all
of the islands, both inhabited and uninhabited. I visited the
Philippines twice during the Spanish regime and traveled quite
steaclily during those visits, and the nature of my work since the
American occupation has been such as to involve frequent trips
through the islands.
Mr. Crumpacker. You have written a book on Philippine affairs,
I beheve ?
Mr. Worcester. I wrote an account of our experience there after
my return from my second trip, and about the time that the Philip-
pine Islands began to excite interest in this country.
Mr. Crumpacker. As secretary of the interior, what control do
you have of the public lands ?
Mr. Worcester. The bureau of lands is one of the several
bureaus which come under the executive control of the secretary of
the interior. The director of that bureau is my immediate subordi-
nate, his acts are subject to my approval, and I am, in short, the
responsible officer in connection with public-land and friar-land
transactions.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the area of agricultural lands in the
islands, approximately?
Mr. Worcester. One can onljr make a guess. Any statement that
is made on that subject is subject to correction. We estimate the
agricultural lands, occupied and unoccupied, at about 65,000,000
acres.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many acres are in private ownership ?
Mr. Worcester. According to the last census there are some
2,250,000 parcels in the Philippines, covering about 20,000,000
acres, whicn might probably become lands privately owned if the
occupants cared to take the trouble to establish their titles. In
point of fact, at the time these figures were compiled only about 6,000
titles had been established.
Mr. Crumpacker. Covering how many acres ?
Mr. Worcester. I have not that information.
Mr. Crumpacker. About how many acres of those lands in private
ownership are cultivated ?
Mr. Worcester. I could not give you any statement which would
cover the islands as a whole without going back to the census. I
can give you statements for specific provinces. In the Province
ADMIISriSTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 429
of Nueva Ecija, for instance, where my nephew's land is situated,
29.6 per cent of the total land included in farms is estimated to be
cultivated. This makes 4.76 per cent of the total lands in the prov-
ince. In Mindoro, where the San Jose estate is situated, 3,9 per
cent of the total area of lands is estimated to be included in so-called
fariu lands; that is, lands claimed by private individuals. Of this
8.2 per cent is cultivated, making a total of 0.32 per cent of the total
lands in that island at present under cultivation,
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the area in square miles of the Island
of Mindoro ?
Mr. Worcester. It is 3,851 square miles.
Mr. Crump ACKER. What is the general character of the agricul-
tural lands in that island ?
Mr. Worcester. Mindoro is considered to be potentially one of
our very richest islands agriculturall3\ It is mountainous in the
interior, but to the eastward and westward of the central mountain
range there are very extensive alluvial plains containing lands per-
liaps as rich as can be found anywhere in tlie Tropics. On the whole,
it may be said, that a large part of the land of the island can be culti-
vated advantageously if labor can be found. The conditions of the
land and soil are such as to make cultivation feasible.
Mr. Crumpacker. Following the enactment of the law providing a
temporary goveriunent for the Philippine Islands, known as the
organic law, the Philippine Commission enacted what is called the
public land law, down there. No. 926 ?
Mr. Worcester. Act No. 926; 3^es, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. That provides for the administration and dis-
I>osition of the public lands ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. As distinguished from tlie friar lands?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Then some time thereafter the commission
enacted a law providing for the administration and disposition of
tlie friar lands; I believe it is No. 1120 ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know why the administration of the
friar lands was not provided for in the public-land act ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. In the organic act Congress dis-
tinguished plainly between public lands and friar lands. They
apparently recognized the fact tliat the public lands of the Philippine
Islands were the property of the United States Government under
the control of Congress and desired to prevent the Philippine Com-
mission from assuming control of those lands, because they expressly
Erovided that such legislation as the commission might enact should
e submitted for the approval of the President and by him be trans-
mitted to Congress to await during a certain period the action of
Congress before it became effective. It was provided that if Con-
gress did not act within this period, it should then become effective,
whereas the Philippine Commission was left free to enact legislation
relative to the disposition of the friar lands, it being expressly stated
that they should become a part of the public property of the Govern-
ment of the Philippine Islands, and in point of fact the commission
did enact a law covering this subject, which took effect some three
months before the public land act took effect in the Philippines.
430 ' ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crump ACKER. How long after the public-land act was made
was the friar-land act made ?
Mr. Worcester. You refer to the time of enactment ?
Mr Crumpacker. Yes, sir; the time of enactment.
Mr. Worcester. The public-land act was enacted on October 7,
1903; but it did not take effect until the 26th of July, 1904, owing
to the necessity of transmitting it to the United States and awaiting
the action of the President and Congress. The friar-land act was
enacted on April 26, 1904, and took effect upon its passage.
Mr. Crumpacker. That act, for the purposes or administration,
became operative from and after its passage ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. The pubUc-land act, providing for the admin-
istration of the public domain proper, did not become operative for
administrative purposes until after it had been submitted to and
approved by the President and referred to Congress, and until the
ensuing session of Congress had adjourned without making any
change ?
Mr. Worcester. That is correct.
Mr. Crumpacker. In the friar land act was the purpose of the
commission expressed in the preamble, or the idea of the commission
respecting the operation of the organic act on friar lands and public
lands, respectively, expressed in the preamble ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Will you read what the preamble says on that
subject?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Whereas the said lands are not public lands in the sense in which those words are
used in the public-land act, No. 926, and can not be acquired or leased under the pro-
visions thereof, and it is necessary to provide proper agencies for carrying out the terms
of said contracts of purchase and the requirements of said act of Congress with refer-
ence to the leasing and selling of said lands and the creation of a sinking fund to
secure the payment of the bonds so issued: Now, therefore, etc.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, for the purposes of administration, Mr.
Worcester, state if the friar lands were attempted to be disposed of or
administered under and subject to the limitations contained in that
section of the organic act that avowedly referred to the public lands.
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; never. We did not consider that that
section had anything to do with the friar land administration at all
or imposed any limitations upon us in disposing of them.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was it suggested by anybody there that it did ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; not to my knowledge.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was the friar-land act amended later?
Mr. Worcester. It was; yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. By act No. 1847 of the Philippine Legislature?
Mr. Worcester. It was; yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. That amendment was made by the legislature as
distinguished from the commission ?
Mr. Worcester. It was made by the Philippine Legislature, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. And upon whose recommendation was the
amendment made ?
Mr. Worcester. The amendment was made upon the recommenda-
tion of the director of lands and upon my own recommendation.
As the act was originally drafted — it was drafted when I was absent
on leave in the United States — and as it was passed it made all of the
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 431
provisions of chapter 2 of the public land act, relative to the sale
of public lands, appUcable to the unoccupied friar lands and created
an absolutely impossible situation. There were various provisions
there which could not be compUed with. I would like to call the
attention of the committee to the nature of some of the provisions
thus made applicable to those lands. One of those provisions was
that land should be surveyed in continuous legal subdivisions.
This was manifestly impracticable. Wherever the unoccupied land
abutted upon occupied land the divisions would necessarily be very
irregular and unless we wished to leave unsold numerous intervening
tracts of land, that provision could not be carried out. It provided
for the advertising in the papers of the proposed sale. This was ob-
viously necessary in connection with the pubhc lands, but it would
have imposed a needless burden in connection with the friar lands.
Mr. Douglas. Why was that ?
Mr. Worcester. So far at least as owners were concerned, it
would seem to be a needless provision. With our arrangement we
publish bandillos in the neighboring towns. A bandillo is a sort of
proclamation by a town crier. Proclaiming in that way, we get to
the people who are really interested. A provision for the publica-
tion of a notice in a Manila paper relative to a proposed sale on the
San Jose friar estate in Mindoro would absolutely fail of its purpose;
the people concerned would never see such a paper.
Mr. Douglas. The advertisement provided for is an advertise-
ment in a newspaper in Manila ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; or in the vicinity of the locality. In
most of those places there are no such papers.
Mr. Douglas. You claim with reference to that portion of the
friar land which was occupied, it was an unnecessary and useless
thing to do, but why with reference to the unoccupied lands any more
than the public lands ?
Mr. Worcester. That would depend on where the pubhc lands
might be situated. If the public lands were in some remote out of
the way place, the necessity would be the same in both cases. The
point is this, that this advertisement would not reach the people
who might be interested as the advertisement by bandillo would.
That has to be published in the neighboring towns and villages
which abut upon the lands themselves.
Mr. Hamilton. The advertisement by bandillo is by the crier
going to the town and proclaiming that there will be a sale ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; he reads it in the native dialect.
Mr. Hamilton. In that case the notice is brought home to the
natives ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; as far as possible to those interested.
Mr. Crumpacker. You have been explaining the necessity for the
amendment to the friar-lands act. Was that amendment proposed
or discussed by the joint legislative committee ?
Mr. Worcester. It was discussed by the joint committee of the
legislature. I myself called the attention of the committee to the
fact that such an act would be submitted and to its purposes.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many members of the assembly were pres-
ent at the meeting when tliis amendment was proposed ?
Mr. Worcester. It was a regular meeting of the committee, and
the Filipino members were usually all present. I can not say as to
that specific meeting, probably five or six of them.
432 ABMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumfackee. Did the proposed amendment meet with any
opposition in either branch of the legislature ?
Mr. Worcester. None whatever. It was passed unanimously
by both houses, and afterwards reenacted in a subsequent amenda-
tory act which originated in the lower house and was presented to
that house by the chairman of the friar-lands committee.
Mr. Crumpacker. That was No. 1933 ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. That act originated in the assembly?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. After the enactment of the friar lands law,
what steps were taken toward the surveying of the various estates ?
Mr. Worcester. There were two estates for which no boundary
surveys had been completed. Under the agreement with the friars
we had the right to make boundary surveys in order to check up
their statement as to the areas which we were purchasing. Sur-
veys had not been made for the San Jose estate or for the Isabela
estate, and it was obviously necessary to make them at once to
avoid possible mistakes about the areas. Then we proceeded to
take up the other estates in what was deemed to be the way best
calculated to promote the ends of the Government in buying them —
namely, to get the lands in the hands of owners as soon as possible,
Mr. Crumpacker. You surveyed the San Jose estate first ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; we surveyed the San Jose estate first.
Mr. Crumpacker. That was a boundary survey ?
Mr. Worcester. It was a boundary survey with the addition of a
few topographical lines to show roughly how much of the estate might
be irrigated.
Mr. Crumpacker. How expeditious were you in making the
boundary surveys and parcel surveys of the various estates ?
Mr. Worcester. I think a table has alread}^ been included in the
record which show^s that.
Mr. Parsons. I asked that Capt. Sleeper prepare such a table,
similar to the one on page 97 of the record.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did you make the surveys as expeditiously as
you could ?
Mr. Worc^ester. Yes, sir; at the outset the surveying force of the
Bureau of Lands was very limited and it was diflicult to get additional
surveyors in the Philippines. The first measure we took was to make
leases with the occupants of the lands so as to get them to recognize
the title of the Government. In making those leases we accepted
their statements as to the area of their holdings and as to the value
of the land, in order to expedite the transaction just as much as
possible. Later, as the surveyors progressed and we had definite
information as to areas, these temporary leases were changed for
other leases which embodied the exact facts and as rapidly as the
surveys could be completed on the estates and the valuation could be
completed, the estates were offered for sale.
Mr. Crumpacker. There could be no sales of the lands until there
had been an actual survey?
Mr. Worcester. It was not only necessary to have an actual
survev, but it was necessary to go through quite an elaborate process
in order to determine the value of the different parcels of land.
ADMINISTRATIO]t^ OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 433
Mr. Crumpacker. The occupants of the various pubhc lands, in
the first instance could only procure leases from the Government for
their possession.
Mr. Worcester. That is all, but the leases conferred upon them
the right to purchase.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did the lease fix a rental ?
Mr. Worcester. The lease fixed a rental.
Mr. Crumpacker. State if it provided that the money paid for
rents should be applied on the purchase price of the land.
Mr. Worcester. The lease did not so state, but the administrative
regulations of the bureau, with which tenants were made perfectly
familiar, did provide for just that thing.
Mr. Crumpacker. In all cases of sale ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. I would like to inquire if we can have a copy of the
regulations put in the record ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; I will submit it to the stenogranher for
insertion at this point.
(The regulation referred to by Mr. Worcester follows:)
6. The purchaser of each parcel of land to be charged therefor according to the
classification and the value as above obtained, less the rent which has been paid by
such purchaser, provided that the rent he has paid pertains to the parcel of land he
purchases. This is necessary on account of the fact that many purchasers will have
paid rent for either greater or less areas than they will purchase. Some will purchase
without having paid any rent. Others will have paid rent not in accord with the
classification of their lands, and it is believed that it is the only way that equity may
be obtained in the sale value of the land. (Report of Philippine Commission for 1906,
p. 139, pt. 2.)
Mr. Crumpacker. In all cases of sale to tenants state if the pur-
chaser was given credit for all amounts that were paid under the
lease.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. In each case all that had been paid
by way of rental on a given tract of land was applied toward the
purchase price.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many leases of friar lands are there in
operation now ?
Mr. Worcester. That is also shown in the table which Capt.
Sleeper has been directed to prepare. I have a table which is com-
plete up to the 1st of July, but we have now obtained by cable from
Manila information which will complete it up to the 1st of Decem-
ber, and that is included in the record.
Mr. Crumpacker. In reading some of these reports I obtained
information that the leases and sales of these friar lands up to date
amounted to 36,261, and that of these lessees and purchasers 35,876
were occupants and tenants ?
Mr. Worcester. That is correct, I think, up to July 1, 1910.
Mr. Crumpacker. State, Mr. Worcester, if any considerable num-
ber of tracts of land in possession of tenants exceed 16 hectares in
area.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; quite a large number of such tracts,
Mr. Crumpacker. What did you do in those cases ?
Mr. Worcester. We rented them their holdings with the privi-
lege of purchasing later.
Mr. Crumpacker. Covering the entire area claimed ?
434 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPHSTE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. Covering the entire area claimed by the occupant
in each case.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know about the number of instances
where a tenant occupied more than 16 hectares?
Mr. Worcester. That is shown in one of the tables which has
already been submitted. Can you refer me to the table^ Mr. Sleeper?
Mr. Parsons. It is in the record on pages 194 and following.
Mr, Worcester. My recollection is that there were between 200
and 300.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Worcester, what attempt was made to sell
the San Jose estate by you or the director of lands with your knowl-
edge?
' Mr. Worcester. I, myself, was very much disappointed over the
purchase of the San Jose estate in the first instance. I was familiar
with conditions in Mindoro, having repeatedly visited the island, and
I knew that less than 1 per cent of the land was actually under culti-
vation; that most of the land in the island already belonged to the
insular government, and it seemed to me like a bad bargain.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know how the Government came to pur-
chase the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. Because it had to do it to complete the transac-
tion, sir. The transaction was in the nature of a bargain. We had
no right to compel the friars to sell. We did not get all we wanted
from them and w^e had to take some things that we did not want, and
among the things we did not wish for were these vacant estates, but in
order to complete the transaction it was necessary that those estates
should be included. Believing we had bought what was really a
{^reat tract of wild land, when we already had a sufficiency of such
and, I visited the estate and found that the friars had shown their
usual keenness in selecting land. It was a valuable piece of land, and
I went over it enough to gain some fairly definite knowledge of the
conditions there, so that I might interest people.
Mr. Parsons. When was that?
Mr. Worcester. It was very shortly after the transaction was
concluded. I can not give you the exact date without referring back
to my notes. It was quite soon after the purchase.
Mr. Parsons. What year?
Mr. Worcester. That was in 1904, I think, or possibly the latter
part of 1903. Having familiarized myself to some extent with the
nature of the land, I took every opportunity that presented itself to
me to bring to the attention of possible purchasers the fact that there
was a very fine tract of land there which the Government was pre-
pared to sell. Whenever a man appeared who inquired about the
Eossibility of obtaining agricultural lands in large quantities I called
is attention to this estate.
Mr. Crumpacker. You stated that you were disappointed with the
transaction. You mean with the original purchase of the estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I mean that I regretted the necessity of including
that estate in the original purchase. It seemed to me that we
already had land enough in Mindoro.
Mr. Crumpacker. When did you first have a customer for this land
who showed any disposition to buy it ?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Poole and Mr. Prentiss.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 435
Mr. Douglas. As I understand, you do not refer to the sale of this
property to Poole ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Douglas. But you regretted the purchase of the land under
the friar-land arrangement originally ?
Mr. Worcester. I was disappointed with it in the first instance.
I regretted it because, as there were no tenants on the estate, mani-
festly it would be very difficult to dispose of it.
Mr. Crumpacker. When, did Messrs. Poole and Prentiss begin
negotiations for the purchase of the land, or begin inquiries with a
view to the prospective purchase of the land ?
Mr. Worcester. They first went to the office of the director of
lands, according to my recollection of the date, on the 12th of October,
1909.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did you know either of those gentlemen before
they came to the land office with a view to buying land in the islands ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. I had never seen either of them until
brought to my own office, or heard of them, except through the
director of lands, who said that they had visited him.
Mr. Crumpacker. What talk did you have with these gentlemen
respecting the sale of the San Jose estate or any other friar lands in
the islands ?
Mr. Worcester. They had informed the director of lands that
they were going to Mindoro to look at a large tract of privately owned
land which they hoped to secure for a sugar estate. Following our
usual policy, he called their attention to the San Jose estate and asked
them why they should not purchase land on that, as we believed there
were in that estate large tracts of land which were suitable for sugar
growing. They told him that their attorney in Washington had
informed them that that land could not be purchased in large tracts.
Mr. Jones. Were you present at the conversation ?
Mr. Worcester. At the conversation between Capt. Sleeper and
these gentlemen? No, sir; I was not present.
Mr. Jones. I submit that Mr. Worcester had better not tell what
took place in a conversation at which he was not present. Capt.
Sleeper has spoken of that.
Mr. Hamilton. The substance of the conversation had been com-
municated to him.
Mr. Jones. He is undertaking to say just what took place.
Mr. Crumpacker. Under the rules of law, I submit that a conver-
sation without the presence of the witness would not be admissible.
What, if anything, was said about the transaction?
Mr. Worcester. I was merely attempting to show how these gen-
tlemen came to my oflice. I would like to modify my statement.
It was reported to me by the director of lands that these gentlemen
had visited his office and that he had attempted to interest them in
the matter and that they had said they understood the land could not
be purchased in large tracts. When he reported this fact to me I
requested him to bring them to my office in order that I might explain
to them the law. They were brought over in accordance with my
request.
Mr. Crumpacker. What conversation occurred at that time
between you and Messrs. Poole and Prentiss ?
436 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. I showed them the amendatory act and told
them I thought that if their attorney had received such a reply as
they represented the force of the amendment had not been appre-
ciated m Washington — it had been overlooked; that I was per-
fectly satisfied of our right to dispose of this land^ and that we were
prepared to insure them a good title, and asked them if under those
circumstances, they would not look at the land when they went to
Mindoro and see if it would not suit their purposes better than that
they had in contemplation.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did they claim in this conversation that the
organic law prohibited the sale of unoccupied friar lands to indi-
viduals in larger tracts than 16 hectares or was that position based
upon the original friar land act passed by the Philippine Commission.
Mr. Worcester. We did not go into the legal questions. So far as
what had influenced the views of their attorney was considered,
they simply said that their attorney had been given to understand
in Washington that it could not be done. After I told them that I
was perfectly certain that it could be properly and lawfully done, they
said that in any event they would wish to consult with their attorney
as to the law.
Mr. Jones. You said that you told them that they did not under-
stand the nature of the amendment. What amendment did you
refer to ?
Mr. Worcester. I referred to the amendment to the friar land act
which omitted the provision originally included in that act to the
effect that the unoccupied lands should be sold subject to the pro-
visions of chapter 2 of the public land act.
Mr. Parsons. You said that Messrs. Poole and Prentiss said that
they were going to Mindoro to investigate some privately owned
land ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What was the privatelj^ owned land ?
Mr. Worcester. The friars when they removed their cattle from
the San Jose estate took them to a tract which one of them informed
me contained some 6,000 hectares — that is, 15,000 acres — to the south
and slightly to the east of the San Jose estate, and was not connected
with it. I understood that that was the tract of land. The friars
were renting that land from private individuals.
Mr. Parsons. Who owns that land ?
Mr. Worcester. I doubted whether anyone owned any such
stretch, and I requested the director of lands to investigate that
question, fearing some one was trying to dispose of land which
was really public land under the pretense of private ownership,
and the result of that investiation showed that there were several
extensive tracts of land to which title had been legitimately acquired,
but no such single tract.
Mr. Parsons. And owned by whom?
Mr. Worcester. Filipinos. I do not remember the names.
Mr. Parsons. I thought the land immediately south and east was
government lands ?
Mr. Worcester. The land I speak of does not adjoin the San Jose
estate.
Mr. Parsons. How far is it from the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I can not tell offhand. We go by sea, passing
from one place to the other, although it is possible to go on land.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 437
Mr. Parsons. Is that in the direction of Mangarin ?
Mr. Worcester. It is beyond Mangarin; it is almost directly east
of Mangarin.
Mr. Parsons. Wliy could the friars pasture their cattle cheaper
there than on the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. They must have had a very low rental.
Mr. Parsons. How is the rental on the San Jose estate fixed ?
Mr. Worcester. We charge them so much a head, 30 centavos
per head per year.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know what they paid ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. They told me what their rental was,
but I can not remember it.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know the names of the Filipinos who owned
the land there, the large tract ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did Poole or Prentiss say for whom they were
negotiating in this first talk with you about the purchase of the lands ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. I understood that they had means of
their own. I suggested to them that they take land on this estate.
I did not know myself how much of it would be considered suitable
for sugar growing. I told them to go and look at it and see for them-
selves what we had there.
Mr. Crumpacker. They said that they desired lands for sugar pur-
poses ?
Mr. Worcester. They desired to establish a sugar estate.
Mr. Crumpacker. In that conversation was anything said about
selling land to a corporation ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. They were informed that corpora-
tions if authorized to engage in agriculture could not purchase more
than 1,024 hectares of land; could not own or control it.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was any inquiry made of either of them as to
whether he represented a corporation ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. I told them what the law was with
respect to corporations and did not consider it necessary to make
any inquiry as to whether they proposed to break it.
Mr. Parsons. Have you the map of Mindoro that you had the
other day ?
Mr. Worcester. You mean the large map ?
Mr. Parsons. The one with the character of land marked ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. I think Mr. Houtz has it.
Mr. Crumpacker. What subsequent conversation did you have
with these men relating to the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not remember that I had any further
conversation with them prior to the purchase. Their subsequent
dealings were with the director of lands..
Mr. Crumpacker. Did you consult the authorities here in Wash-
ington in relation to the sale of the San Jose estate to those men?
Mr. Worcester. I did not consult them, sir, until I was requested
by cable to suspend action and report to the Secretary what had
been done.
Mr. Crumpacker. In your first conversation with Poole and Pren-
tiss did they say anything about purchasing the land for themselves,
or did they say whether they were buying for themselves or acting
as agents for somebody else ?
438 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. They did not.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was any inquiry made?
Mr. Worcester. I made no inquiry, sir. I took it for granted that
they were men with capital, who had the price to pay for the land
which they desired to get.
Mr. Crumpacker. When was this sale consummated; that is,
when was the contract made ?
Mr. Worcester. The contract was really consummated when I
affixed my signature approving the sale certificate. That was on
the 5th or 6th of December.
Mr. Crumpacker. What, if anything, did you know about the
purchaser, as to w^hether he was buying for himself or for somebody
else?
Mr. Worcester. I knew nothing further than I had known at the
outset. The sale certificate provided that the transfer should be
made to Mr. Poole or his nominees, and I understood he would attempt
to finance the transaction, either swinging it himself or disposing of
Earts of the estate to others in the event that he could not swing it
imself.
Mr. Crumpacker. When did Mr. Poole begin work on the estate?
Mr. Worcester. I have no immediate personal knowledge as to
when he began work on the estate. My information is derived from
the testimony of others.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did you know at the time that he began opera-
tions on the estate immediately after the certificate was signed by
Mr. Sleeper?
Mr. Worcester. I knew of the time when he began operations on
the estate.
Mr. Crumpacker. That was some time before you approved the
certificate ?
Mr. Worcester. I think it was; yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What caused the delay in your signing the
certificate ?
Mr. Worcester. A cablegram from the Secretary of War, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. To what effect ?
Mr. Worcester. I beg your pardon, the cablegram was from the
Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, under date of November 23,
1909, stating that the Secretary of War desired to have information
by cable with reference to the proposed sale of this estate and that
the sale should not be consummated until he had considered the
question.
Mr. Crumpacker. Had you given any information to the War
Department here relating to proposed sale before that ?
Mr. Worcester. I had not, sir.
Mr. Douglas. May I call your attention to page 42, where you
seem to have written on October 21 to Gen. Edwards on the subject?
I understood the question to be whether you had made any represen-
tation to the War Department in regard to this matter before you
received the cablegram of November 23, which was addressed to the
Governor General.
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I did not understand that was the ques-
tion. We had made representations to the department. The record
will show.
ADMINISTKATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 439
(The stenographer read as follows:)
Mr, Crumpacker. What caused the delay in your signing the certificate?
Mr. Worcester. A cablegram from the Secretary of War, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. To what effect?
Mr. Worcester. I beg your pardon, sir; a cablegram from the Chief of the Bureau
of Insular Affairs, under date of November 23, 1909, stating that the Secretary of
War desired to have information by cable with reference to the proposed sale of this
estate and that the sale should not be consummated until he had considered the
question.
Mr. Crumpacker. Had you given any information to the War Department here
relating to the proposed sale before that?
Mr. Worcester. I had not, sir.
Mr. Worcester. I would like to modify that answer. On October
21, 1909, I had addressed a letter to Gen. Edwards informing him
that two gentlemen were contemplating the purchase of considerable
tracts of the San Jose estate ; that they said they had been informed
in Washington at the Bureau of Insular Affairs that the sale of friar
lands was subject to the same limitations as that of public land.
I called Gen. Edwards^ s attention to the amendatory act which had
been passed with a view to doing away with that difficulty with
reference to the unoccupied lands. Further, in view of the fact that
the question had been raised relative to the legality of the proposed
transaction, the Governor General sent a cablegram to the Secretary
of War, which, of course, arrived more promptly than my letter could.
My letter discussed the same matter more in detail than it was pos-
sible to discuss it by wire.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, Mr. Worcester, the sale was finally con-
summated on the 4th of January, 1910 — the sale was concluded?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What would have been the prospect of selling
that estate under the conditions and limitations contained in section
15 of the organic act for the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Worcester. So far as we can see at present, sir, the sale
would have been delayed indefinitely. There were no occupants at
all on the estate to be considered. The population of Mindoro is
only 7 to the square mile and a not inconsiderable proportion are
wild people with no fixed abode. The estate had in its immediate
vicinity large tracts of unoccupied, unclaimed agricultural public
lands which could be purchased at a price lower than that of the
friar lands.
Mr. Crumpacker. The estate or the Province ?
Mr. Worcester. The Province. In the vicinity of the estate there
were very large tracts of land, and the only possible object that anyone
could have, so far as we could see, in purchasing this land rather than
in purchasing neighboring public land, lay in the fact that they could
buy it in large tracts.
Mr. Crumpacker. What was the price fixed by your department
on the sale of public lands to homesteaders ?
Mr. Worcester. It has been our constant practice to fix the
lowest lawful price on lands both in sales and in leases.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the minimum price of land in the
Island of Mindoro, public land ?
Mr. Worcester. The minimum price of public land, whether in
the Island of Mindoro or elsewhere, is 1P10 per hectare, which is
practically $2 gold per acre.
440 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is the selling price ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. And these lands were sold for how much ?
Mr. Worcester. At 1P32 per hectare, I believe.
Mr. Crumpacker. What do you know about the sale to the Min-
doro Development Co. ?
Mr. Worcester. The Mindoro Development Co. was Mr. Poole's
nominee for a 200-hectare tract of land, and that was deeded to the
company in accordance with the provisions of the sale certificate.
Mr. Crumpacker. At whose suggestion ?
Mr. Worcester. At Mr. Poole's suggestion.
Mr. Crumpacker. Were there any negotiations connected with
the transaction or did Mr. Poole simply nominate the Mindoro
Development Co. to be the grantee of this 200-hectare tract ?
Mr. Worcester. That was the transaction so far as its legal
aspect is concerned. Upon hearing of the existence of the Mindoro
Development Co., I took the first opportunity to interrogate Mr.
Poole as to the relationship between that company and himself, and
he told me the company was not interested in the production of
sugar and was not going to engage in the production of sugar, by
which I mean the growing of sugar, but that the company would
erect a large mill somewhere on the estate at such site as might prove
best after careful investigation, and would mill sugar for people
who grew it on the estate and for others if they desired to raise the
sugar cane and send it to the mill.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did he say anything about his relations with
that company ?
Mr. AYoRCESTER. I understand that he was the manager on the
ground for the company.
Mr. Crumpacker. This company was the only other person or
entity that he named to take any portion of this land ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; so far as I know.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did he say anything to you about Horace Have-
meyer, Charles H. Senff , and Charles J. Welch ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not remember that Mr. Poole ever men-
tioned the names of those gentlemen to me. But I asked some one,
probably the director of lands, if he knew whether Mr. Poole had
succeeded in interesting anyone else, and my recollection is that he
said to me that he understood that Mr. Welch was interested. I do
not remember to have heard the name of Mr. Havemeyer or that of
Mr. Senff mentioned in connection with the matter, except as I think
it was stated in the newspapers out there that Mr. Havemeyer was
interested.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was anything said in any of these conversations
about the American Sugar Refining Co. being interested in that
purchase ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. The only corporation which, so far as
I know, has ever demonstrated any interest in sugar matters in the
Philippines is the Beet Sugar Growers' Association. I do not know
that that is a corporation.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is the country adapted to beet-sugar production?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. Their purpose has been to throttle the
sugar industry of the Philippine Islands. One of the representatives
of the beet-sugar interests came to my office at one time in Manila
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 441
and said to me that he desired to purchase sugar lands and intimated
very adroitly, although he did not so state, that he represented cor-
porate interests, and I told him what the law was with reference to
acquiring agricultural lands in large tracts by corporations.
Mr. Parsons. In regard to the friar lands?
Mr. Worcester. The law is the same so far as concerns the right
of corporations to acquire lands. The law is that corporations
authorized to engage in agriculture must by their charter be limited
to the ownership and control of 1,024 hectares. There is no law
which prohibits us from selling friar lands in excess of that amount
to corporations, but there is law which prohibits them from owning
or controlling them.
Mr. Parsons. Did you say anything about frair lands which indi-
viduals could hold ?
Mr. Worcester." Yes, sir; I told him there was no limit on that.
Mr. Parsons. When was that conversation?
Mr. Worcester. I can not tell you exactly.
Mr. Douglas. Who was it with?
Mr. Worcester. With Mr. Poole.
Mr. Douglas. I mean the beet-sugar man.
Mr. Worcester. Perhaps I have misunderstood, Mr. Parsons.
Mr. Parsons. I was referring to the beet-sugar man.
Mr. Worcester. I misunderstood your question entirely.
Mr. Douglas. When and with whom did that conversation take
place ?
Mr. Worcester. I shall be able to give you the date, I think. It
was prior to the time of Mr. Taft's visit to the Philippines with the
delegation of gentlemen from Congress. I think Mr. Parsons will
remember.
Mr. Parsons. In August, 1905.
Mr. Crumpacker. Who was this man?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Hathaway.
Mr. Crumpacker. Where is his home?
Mr. Worcester. In Michigan, I think.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether the Mindoro Development Co.
had complied with the Philippine law in relation to its right as a
corporation to do business in the islands ?
Mr. Worcester. It had, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Had you examined its charter before the con-
veyance was made to the company?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I had not. Under our law a corpora-
tion of that sort submits its charter to the division of archives,
patents, copyrights, and trade-marks of the executive bureau and
must obtain a certificate authorizing it to do business, and an investi-
gation with reference to its right to do business is made there.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether full payment was made for 4,200
hectares of land on the San Jose estate, I beheve, prior to January 4,
1910? '
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; I tliink so.
Mr. Crumpacker. And conveyance was made of 200 hectares of the
tract to the Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Worcester. The conveyance to the Mindoro Development Co.
was signed by me just prior to my departure from Manila on the
7th of November.
82278° -PL Kept. 2289, 61-3 32
442 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. And 4,000 hectares for which the purchase price
was fully paid have not been conveyed to anyone ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Rucker. Has any request been made for the conveyance of the
4,000 hectares ?
Mr. Worcester. I understand not.
Mr. Crxjmpacker. In connection with this transaction an opinion
was obtained from the attorney general of the Philippine Government
respecting the right to sell unoccupied friar lancis in quantities in
excess of 16 hectares?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. In view of the fact that a legal question
had been raised the director of lands thought that we should have
the opinion of our law officer whose business it was to furnish opinions
on these subjects, and we requested it and that was the opinion which
governed our action.
Mr. Crumpacker. The law clerk of the bureau of public lands
gave an opinion also?
Mr. Worcester. He gave an opinion prior to the opinion rendered
by the attorney general.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Worcester, what has the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. done toward improving the tract that it purchased?
Mr. Worcester. I understand that the Mindoro Development
Co. is building and owns a railway which extends from the site of the
proposed sugar mill to the water to the sea. At the time I was last
on the estate there were some 6 miles of the roadbed graded and the
pier had been partially completed. The frame work was up, but the
planks were not laid on the pier. I have heard, but I have no per-
sonal knowledge of the matter, that some 12 miles of the railway have
been completed now.
Mr. Crumpacker. That railroad runs off the San Jose estate and
through other lands for several miles ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. About how many miles does it run through
other lands ?
Mr. Worcester. I should say about 4 miles.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have any steps been taken toward the con-
struction of a sugar mill by that company ?
Mr. Worcester. I understand that the mill has not been received
in the Philippine Islands as yet, but that it has been ordered.
Mr. Crumpacker. You may state if the proposition of Mr. Poole
to purchase this land is the first and only one that the Government
has had ?
Mr. Worcester. It is the only proposition we have ever had.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has there been any opportunity to sell any of
this land ?
Mr. Worcester. We have never had another opportunity to sell a
square foot of it.
Mr. Crumpacker. There has been no application on the part of
Filipinos to buy small tracts even ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, where is the Isabela estate located ?
Mr. Worcester. In the province of the same name, in the central
portion of northern Luzon.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
443
Mr. Parsons. Has there been any census of the Philippine Islands
since the census of 1902 ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Are these the most accurate figures you have in
regard to population and agricultural statistics?
Mr. Worcester. Not the most accurate information we have in
regard to the population of certain areas. We know a great deal
more to-day than we did when the census was taken as to the wild
population.
Mr. Parsons. About the island of Mindoro ?
Mr. Worcester. We have gained no material knowledge since
the census was taken as to conditions there.
Mr. Parsons. I would like to ask the privilege to insert at this
point extracts from the volumes of the Philippine census, gi^ii^g the
statistics in regard to Mindoro. I will not take up the time of the
committee now, but I will indicate them to the stenographer later.
(The statistics referred to by Mr. Parsons follow:)
STATISTICS IN REGARD TO THE ISLAND OF MINDORO.
(From the Census of the Philippine Islands taken in the year 1903, Vol. II, p. 30.)
Area in square miles 3, 851
Total population 28, 361
Density 7
(From p. 266 of same volume.)
Civilized population:
From Philippine Islands (of which 10,773 male, 10,229 female) 21,002
From China (of which 45 male, 2 female) 47
From United States (of which 28 male, 4 female) 32
(From p. 407 of same volume.)
Population according to color and tribe :
Color and tribe..
Total pop-
ulation.
Civilized.
21,097
Wild.
28,301
7,264
Brown
28, 228
13
630
7,2GG
37
2
18,185
2,088
7
36
46
50
1
1
20, 964
13
6.30
2
37
2
18,185
2,088
7
36
46
50
1
1
7 2()4
Bicol
Ilocano
Mangyan
7,-(,)4
Pampangan
Pangasinan . . .
Tagalog
Visayan
Zambalan
Mixed
Yellow
White
Black
Foreign born
(From p. 867 of same volume.)
Civilized population according to occupation: Agricultural pursuits: Male, 4,275;
female, 61. Professional service: Male, 108; female, 8. Domestic and personal ser-
vice: Male, 979; female, 522. Trade and transportation: Male, 585; female, 164.
Manufacturing and mechanical pursuits: Male, 630; female, 2,896. Not gainful or
unknown: Male, 4,285; female, 6,584.
444
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
(From p. 1025 of same volume:;
Civilized population engaged in tne principal gainful occupations, classified by eex
and color:
■
Total.
Brown.
Mixed.
Yellow.
White.
Black.
Male.
Female.
Male.
Fe-
male.
Male.
44
Fe-
male.
Male.
Fe-
male.
Male.
Fe-
male.
All occupations
10, 228
6, 488
3,642
2
8
42
1
1
Agents
87
109
368
122
4,248
312
67
80
515
317
378
199
73
668
149
2,158
378
59
104
365
70
4,186
294
61
80
418
4
205
195
73
27
1
1
Carpenters
4
3
Constabulary and police.
Cooks
40
60
18
12
1
Farmers and farm labor-
ers
1
Fishermen
Government officials
«
Herdsmen
Laborers (not specified) . .
96
312
135
i
Launderers
1
Merchants
""i"
2
25
11
3
Sailors
Sawyers
!
Seamstresses
663
62
2,152
77
4
1
Servants
86
4
284
1
Weavers and spinners . . .
2
All other occupations
2
15
(From p. 182 of Vol. IV of the Census of the Philippine Islands, taken in the year
1903:)
Total area, hectares 997, 409
(Of which agricultural) 39, 138
Percentage agricultural per cent. . 3. 9
(From p. 184 of same volume:)
Farms 1, 660
Average size in ares \ 2, 357. 7
Cultivated per cent.. 8. 2
Forest do 29. 6
All others do 62.2
(From p. 267 of same volume:)
Area and average size of farms and other parcels of land used for agriculture, classi-
fied by tenure:
Number of hectares in farms, etc.
Average size of farms,
etc., in ares.
Total.
Cultivated.
Per cent
cultivated.
All land.
Cultivated
land.
39, 138
3,213
8.2
2,357.7
193. 6
Owners
34,848
506
3,533
2,238
6.4
2, 499. 9
16, 866. 7
1, 459. 9
160.5
Cash tenants
Share tenants. . . .
945
26.7
390.5
Labor tenants . . .
No rental...
251 ."^O
12.0
1, 195. 2
142.9
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
445
(From p. 295 of same volume:)
Number of farms and other parcels of land used for agriculture, classified by size,
and color of occupant:
Total
number
of farms,
etc.
Number of farms, etc., classified by size in hectares.
Under
0.35.
0.35
and un-
der 1.
1 and
under
2.
2 and
under
5.
5 and
under
10.
10 and
under
15.
15 and
under
30.
30
and
un-
der
50.
33
50
and
un-
der
100.
100
and
over.
1,660
146
194
348
430
263
110
94
21
21
White
2
1
1,656
2
Mixed
j
1
20
Brown
146
194
348
430 1 262
110
94
33
19
Yellow
Unknown •. ..
1
1
(From p. 313 of same volume:)
Number of farms and other parcels of land used for agriculture, classified by area
of cultivated land, tenure, and color of occupant:
Island and area
of cultivated
land in farms in
hectares.
Total
number
of
farms,
etc.
Number of farms, etc., classified by
tenure.
Number of farms classified by color
of occupant.
Own-
ers.
Cash
ten-
ants.
Share
ten-
ants.
Labor
ten-
ants.
No
rental.
White.
Mixed.
Brown.
Yel-
low.
Un-
known.
Mindoro
1,660
1,394
3
242
21
2
1
1,656
1
Under 0.35
439
397
482
131
91
72
16
25
3
4
383
362
422
96
67
38
10
12
1
3
3
.......
49
30
53
34
22
32
6
13
2
1
4
5
7
1
2
2
2
1
436
397
482
130
91
16
25
3
4
0.35 and under 1 . .
1 and under 2
2 and under 3
1
Sand under 5
5 and under 10
10 and under 15...
15 and under 30. . .
30 and under 50. . .
50 and over
(From p. 324 of same volume.)
Area and average size of farms and other parcels of land used for agriculture, classified
by cultivated area:
Island and area of cultivated land in farms
in hectares.
Number of hectares in farms, etc.
.Vverage size of farms,
etc., in acres.
Total.
("ultivaled.
3,213
I'er cent
culti-
vated.
8.2
All land.
Cultivated
land.
Mindoro
39, 138
2, 357. 7
193.6
Under 0 35
20, 149
954
2,330
1,046
927
1,184
509
2,080
248
711
43
228
635
286
325
449
189
507
111
440
.1
23.9
27.3
27.3
35.1
37.9
37.1
24.3
44.8
61.9
6,639.9
240.3
483.4
798.5
1,018.7
1,644.4
3,181.2
8,320.0
8,266.7
17, 775. 0
9 8
0.35 and under 1
57.4
1 and under 2
131.7
2 and under 3 ■ . .
218 3
3 and under 5
357.1
5 and under 10
623 6
10 and under 15
1,181.2
15 and under 30
2,024.0
3, 700. 0
11,000.0
30 and under 50 . ....
50 and over
446 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
(From p. 325 and following of same volume.)
Acreage and production of crops, 1902: Cocoa, 22 hectares, 1,342 liters; hemp, 693
hectares, 162,727 kilograms; cocoanuts, 550 hectares, 2,479 hundreds, 720 tuba in
liters; corn, 38 hectares, 428 hectoliters; paddy (unhuUed rice), 1,575 hectares,
15,279 hectoliters; sugar cane, 10 hectares, 21,809 sugar in kilograms. Molasses in
hectoliters, 23.
(From p. 384 and following of the same volume.)
Number and value of animals on farms and not on farms, and the number which died
and were slaughtered during 1902:
Neat cattle:
Number 11, 581
Value, pesos '. 390, 821
Died 7,276
Slaughtered 924
Carabao bulls:
Number 542
Value, pesos 31, 722
Died 529
Slaughtered 69
Carabao steers:
Number 682
Value, pesos 52, 056
Died 610
Slaughtered 80
Carabao cows:
Number 1, 490
Value, pesos 74, 643
Died 963
Slaughtered 129
Carabao calves :
Number 804
Value, pesos 15, 959
Died 588
Slaughtered 96
Other neat cattle :
Number 8, 063
Value, pesos 216, 441
Died 4, 586
Slaughtered 550
Horses :
Number 896
Value, pesos 27,084
Died 115
Slaughtered 173
(All of which were native.)
Sheep: None.
Goats :
Number 182
Value, pesos 351
Died 96
Slaughtered 87
Swine:
Number 1, 323
Value, pesos 7, 189
Died... 282
Slaughtered 357
Chickens :
Number 7, 218
Value, pesos 3, 585
Died I 3,818
Slaughtered 2, 504
Turkeys: None.
Ducks:
Number 49
Value, pesos 54
Died 18
Slaughtered 4
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 447
Geese:
Number 21
Value, pesos 42
Died 27
Slaughtered 5
Mr. Parsons. I would like also to have filed with the committee
this forest map of the island of Mindoro and adjacent islands. That
was prepared by the forestry bureau of the Philippines Islands, as I
understand.
Mr. Worcester. It was prepared by the forestry bureau of the
Philippine Islands prior to the time when this matter came up, and
shows the general condition of all the lands on the island of Mindoro,
including the land under cultivation.
Mr. Parsons. How much of Mindoro have you visited ?
Mr. Worcester. I spent six and one-half months at different
times during the Spanish regime traveling through Mindoro.
Mr. Parsons. That was before our occupation of the islands?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. I went in from the east coast to the
mountain range in the center of the island, and then went north
until I reached the headwaters of the Bako River and came out.
I had been for some distance back of the San Jose estate up the
Lumintao River, and looked at the public lands there, and I have
visited every town and nearly every barrio on the coast of Mindoro
with the exception of Abra de Hog, where I have been prevented
from going by bad weather.
Mr. Parsons. What towns are there in the vicinity of the San
Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. Mangarin on the south has been made a town-
ship now, I believe.
Mr. Parsons. What population has it ?
Mr. Worcester. It is a little hamlet of possibly 15 or 20 very
small houses. Magaran, which appears on some of the maps, no
longer exists. That was a little settlement where the shepherds of
the friars lived when they had their cattle there. The next town
north is Iriran, which is at the present time a bario of the township
of Sablayan. By a bario I mean a dependency, a ward, if you please.
Our township is really like a county here, and little villages which
are scattered through it we call barios.
Mr. Parsons. How far is the town of which it is a bario ?
Mr. Worcester. A long distance up the coast.
Mr. Parsons. Way up to Sablayan ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What is in tlie interior?
Mr. Worcester. In the way of people ?
Mr. Parsons. Yes, sir.
Mr. Worcester. Absolutely nothing but the wikl people.
Mr. Parsons. Is the island of Ilin populated ?
Mr. Worcester. It has a very small settlement of Christian natives
on it.
Mr. Parsons. About how many ?
Mr. Worcester. I was never there but once. I really could not
say. It is a very small settlement, probably 30 houses, and we usu-
ally estimate about five to a house roughly.
Mr. Douglas. What is the size of the island of lUn ?
448 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. It is a very small island, almost entirely covered
by forest.
Mr. Douglas. Is it 2 or 3 or 4 or 20 miles long ?
Mr. Worcester. It is about 20 kilometers long, about 15 miles long,
perhaps a little less.
Mr. Parsons. Where will the labor come from that is to work on
the plantation and in the mill ?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Poole has great difficulty in getting labor. I
think that most of his laborers are being brought from the vicinity of
Cebu. He gets some from the isfand of Mindoro and some have been
shipped to him from Manila.
Mr. Parsons. What is necessary in order to take labor to a place
like that ?
Mr. Worcester. It is usually necessary to make them an advance
of money so that they may leave funds with their family, to pro-
vide transportation for them, and in point of fact they are provided
with houses on their arrival there. They also have good medical
attention, if they need it, and there is a little hospital on the estate.
Mr. Parsons. There is already ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Do the families go with them or do they go as
individuals ?
Mr. Worcester. I think that the effort is made to have the families
go with them. They are more likely in most instances not to care to
take their families until they themselves have observed the conditions
and are satisfied that they are going to settle, but Mr. Poole has
ofl^ered to find work suitable for the women and children if the women
and children desire to come and settle on the estate and desire to
work.
Mr. Parsons. Supposing the development there should induce
Filipinos to want to take up lands for themselves, where could they
get lands ? •
Mr. Worcester. There is a very extensive stretch of extremely
rich agricultural land on the Lumintao River which flows through this
estate, and the land immediately to the north, along the seacoast, is
also very good land.
Mr. Douglas. Public land ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; a very large stretch.
Mr. Parsons. I see, according to this map, that the only road on
the estate, unless there is one which I can not make out, is along
the Lumintao River outside the estate, and there is a road from Iriran
to the Lumintao River. I suppose where the latter road is, is the rich
land that you speak of?
Mr. Worcester. There is not a road on the Island of Mindoro
to-day except in the immediate vicinity of the capital. The things
indicated as roads are really trails over which you can ride a horse
in the dry season, but which bog down during the wet season.
Mr. Parsons. They are called here under ^^conventional signs,"
*' wagon roads, not improved.''
Mr. Worcester. There is not a real road on the island except a
short stretch leading out from the capital.
Mr. Parsons. Suppose that some corporation wants to get the land
just north of the estate prior to the time when the Filipinos were to
take it up for themselves, would not the corporation get the land ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 449
Mr. Worcester. The land would naturally go to the first person
or corporation that applied for it. The fact is that the whole interior
of the island stretching back there is nnoccnpied agricultural public
land, and it is in very large amount. I climbed a small mountain, or
rather a big hill, when some 13 miles back in the interior, and as far
as I could see up the Lumintao River there was rich level land on both
sides which would probably be subject to irrigation. I think water
could be brought there.
Mr. Parsons. Is there water anywhere there ?
Mr. Worcester. Water is very abundant, sir. The Lumintao
River and the Bugsanga River flow constantly through the year.
They never go dry, or show signs of going dry.
Mr. Parsons. Their sources are in the mountains ?
Mr. Worcester. Their sources are in the mountains of the in-
terior.
Mr. Parsons. Apparently, from this map, so far as it shows their
sources, their sources are not in the forested area.
Mr. Worcester. That may be true; but it is also true that tlie
rivers do not go dry. Usually, in the Philippines, if a river does not
have its source in the forested area, it does go dry, or shrinks very
greatly during the dry season.
Mr. Parsons. Then, do I understand from that that the map is
probably incorrect in not showing that the rivers have their sources
m the forested area, or that these are exceptions to the general rule ?
Mr. Worcester. I should expect that the map would prove to be
incorrect, sir.
Mr. Parsons. There seems to be a great deal of cogon land — this
land which is marked in yellow.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What does cogon indicate as to the character of
the soil ?
Mr. Worcester. The presence of cogon there indicates nothing.
Cogon will grow on very poor land or on very rich land. The height
of the cogon is what indicates the character of the soil. Cogon may
be only knee-high on very poor land, and I have seen it 15 or even
20 feet high on very rich land.
Mr. Parsons. What has been the cause of this land being in cogon
instead of being forested ? It seems to have forested land on different
sides of it. Do you suppose this cogon land was originally forested ?
Mr. Worcester. No one can tell definitely about that, sir. The
Philippines are being gradually deforested, because it is less trouble
to clear a piece of forest land and cultivate it until the cogon begins to
invade it, and then abandon it and clear another piece of forest land
than it is to fight the cogon with such agricultural machinery and
implements as the people have had. So that as the forest is cleared
away the cogon takes possession and holds possession. It is well
known that in the old Spanish days the population of Mindoro was
at one time very much larger than it is at present, and it is probable
that at that time there w^as very much more cultivation than there
is at present. The Moros got in there and massacred the people in
great numbers, and others who were not killed were frightened and
went away. At least that is the story.
Mr. Parsons. Particularly along the west coast?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. The Moros at one time settled on the
west coast and remained there for two years.
450 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. The forest here is differentiated between commer-
cial forest and noncommercial forest. I see that on the part marked
here as in the San Jose estate there is some of that noncommercial
forest. What kind of timber is that — the noncommercial forest ?
Mr. Worcester. Soft wood of various sorts that is not suitable
for structural purposes in the Philippines, and for which there is,
consequently, no sale.
Mr. Parsons. What is the commercial forest ?
Mr. Worcester. The commercial forest would be forest containing
in reasonable quantity some of our hard woods which are suitable
for structural purposes.
Mr. Parsons. I see some reference here to the "approximate
limit of pine.'' Is there much pine on the island?
Mr. Worcester. Not much, sir. There is some pine in the vicinity
of Mount Halcon. As a general rule, in the northern Philippines,
pine begins at an elevation of about 4,000 feet above sea level.
Mr. Parsons. And that is the case on Mindoro, is it?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Then there is no pine in the southern part of
Mindoro ?
Mr. Worcester. There is no pine anywhere in the lowlands, and
so far as I am able to judge from what I have seen there is no pine
anywhere in the island south of the vicinity of Mount Halcon.
Mr. Parsons. How does it happen that these small cultivated areas
are scattered all over, even in the very center of the island ?
Mr. Worcester. Those are what are called caingins, sir — the clear-
ings of the wild people. They are temporary clearings made every
year or two and then abandoned.
Mr. Parsons. What do they cultivate on them ?
Mr. Worcester. Sweet potatoes, a little sugar cane (usually just
to eat, as people here would eat confectionery), a little Indian corn,
sometimes a little tobacco, sometimes a very little cotton, although
cotton is rare.
Mr. Parsons. You mentioned visiting the island before the Ameri-
can occupation. How many times have you visited it since ?
Mr. Worcester. Since the American occupation? I go there
annually, and sometimes two or three times in the course of a year.
I am required by law to go once each year and inspect the province.
Mr. Parsons. Do you go to Calapan, or do you go to other ports ?
Mr. Worcester. When I make my annual inspection I go first to
Calapan and take the governor with me, and go entirely around the
province, landing wherever weather conditions will permit.
Mr. Rucker. What was the object of your visit during the Spanish
regime ?
Mr. Worcester. I went there to study the birds and mammals of
the country, with particular reference to their geographic distribution.
Mr. Rucker. Do you know, Mr. Worcester, whose check it was
that was given for what is sometimes known as the Poole tract of
4,200 hectares ?
Mr. Worcester. I do; yes, sir.
Mr. Rucker. Whose check was it ?
Mr. Worcester. It was Mr. Poole's check, by Mr. Prentiss. Since
that question was asked the other day we have cabled to Manila and
ascertained.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 451
Mr. RuCKER. And was it the same signature to the checks for the
other payments upon the balance of the land ?
Mr. Worcester. I really could not say, sir. I never saw either
check. The information which I give you now is based on the reply
to our cablegram.
Mr. Hubbard. Mr. Worcester, there were three tracts, I believe —
possibly four — taken in the name of California companies ?
Mr. Worcester. Three tracts; yes, sir.
Mr, Hubbard. Mr. Poole appearing as manager for each of these
companies ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. These run from the San Jose estate to the town
upon the harbor ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. The railroad runs through these estates ?
Mr. Worcester. It does — through two of them, at least. I under-
stand that one of the estates lies off the railroad.
Mr. Hubbard. Was any statement of the purpose of acqiiiring
those lands made at the time of their acquisition through Mr. r oole ?
Mr. Worcester. The application for these lands was made at
Manila at a time when I was traveling through the head-hunters'
country in northern Luzon with the Governor General. The Vice
Governor was acting as Governor General.
Mr. Parsons. That is Mr. Gilbert ?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Gilbert; yes, sir. He had instructed Mr.
Welch, a law officer of the executive bureau, to act for me during my
absence. I was in a region w^here I could be communicated with only
very rarely, when I arrived at certain points. Mr. Welch sent a
telegram to me informing me of these applications, and inquiring
whether he should sign for me. I replied to him that he might do so
if satisfied that the transaction was strictly legal. There followed
an investigation to determine what the nature of the transaction was.
It appeared that Mr. Poole was signing for each of these companies.
In view of the provision of law that a man who is interested in a
corporation authorized to engage in agriculture may not be in-
terested in any other similar corporation, I felt it my duty to ascertain
or attempt to ascertain what Mr. Poole's relationship to those corpora-
tions was. I therefore directed the making of investigations, which
resulted in the obtaining from Mr. Poole of an affidavit to the effect
that he had no financial interest in any of these corporations; that
he was acting simply as a business agent to attend to the paper work
on the ground.
Mr. Parsons. Have you that affidavit there ?
Mr. Worcester. I have that affidavit here.
Mr. Parsons. I should like to have it go in the record.
Mr. Worcester. I should like to offer in evidence all the corre-
spondence which we have with us relative to these transactions. It
will be noticed that we further requested a statement as to the share-
holders in these several corporations, with a view to ascertaining
whether there were common shareholders. Some question was
raised as to our right to demand that information, but in point of
fact it was furnished. The representatives of these men said that
while they were not entirely clear as to our right in the premises,
they had no objection to furnishing the information. I have here a
452 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
copy of the communication from the director of lands relative to
these applications^ calling my attention to the fact that the lands
adjoined the San Jose estate (or that of one of these other corpora-
tions, as the case might be, in each instance), and further calling my
attention to the fact that Mr. E. L. Poole was agent for the three
companies.
Mr. Willet did not act on that. In point of fact I was the person
who finally acted. The investigation which resulted occupied so
much time that I returned from my trip, and was able ultimately to
act upon the papers myself.
(Mr. Worcester then read aloud to the committee extracts from the
following correspondence, which, by direction of the committee, is
incorporated in full in the record.)
Department op the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Baguio, May 4, 1910.
The honorable the Secretary of the Interior,
Baguio.
Sir: In accordance with section 13, act No. 926, I have the honor to state that I have
examined the application of the San Francisco Agricultural Company, of San Fran-
cisco, California, to purchase 832 hectares of public land in the barrio of Mangarin,
municipality of Bulalacao, province of Mindoro, and have determined therefrom and
from the certificate of the director of forestry as to the character of the land that the
applicant is entitled to purchase the land in question, which appears to be unoccupied,
unappropriated, unreserved, nonmineral, agricultural public land.
Attention is invited to the fact that this land adjoins tract applied for by the San
Mateo Agricultural Company and the San Carlos A ricultural Company, and that
Mr. E. L. Poole is agent for the three companies.
Very respectfully, C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands,
S. A. No. 302.
Department of the Interior.
The Director of Lands, Baguio.
Sir : Your findings in the above-mentioned application to purchase public land are
hereby approved, and you are directed to proceed with the sale, as provided in Chapter
II of the public-land act.
Very respectfully. Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
Baguio, May — , 1910.
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Baguio, May 4, 1910.
The honorable the Secretary of the Interior,
Baguio.
Sir: In accordance with section 13, act No. 926, I have the honor to state that
I have examined the application of the San Mateo Agricultural Company, of San
Francisco, California, to purchase 832 hectares of public land in the barrio of Mangarin,
municipality of Bulalacao, Province of Mindoro, and have determined therefrom
and from the certificate of the director of forestry as to the character of the land, that
the applicant is entitled to purchase the land in question, which appears to be unoccu-
pied, unappropriated, unreserved, nonmineral, agricultural public land.
Attention is invited to the fact that this land adjoins tract applied for by San
Francisco Agricultural Company and San Carlos Agricultural Company, and that
Mr. E. L. Poole is agent for the three companies.
Very respectfully, C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands,
S. A. No. 300.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 453
Dkfartaient of the Lnterior.
The Director of Lands,
Baguio.
Sir: The findings in the above mentioned application to purchase public land
are hereby approved, and you are directed to proceed with the sale as provided in
Chapter II of the public land act.
Very respectfully,
Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
Baguio, 3Iay —, 1910.
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Baguio, Mxiy 4, 1910.
The honorable the Secretary of the Interior,
Baguio.
Sir: In accordance with section 13, act 926, I have the honor to state that I have
examined the application of the San Carlos Agricultural Company, of San Francisco,
California, to purchase 1,024 hectares of public land in the barrio of Mangaria, munici-
pality of Bulalacao, Province of Mindoro, and have determined therefrom and from
the certificate of the director of forestry as to the character of the land, that the appli- ,
cant is entitled to purchase the land in question, which appears to be unoccupied,
unappropriated, unreserved, nonmineral, agricultural public land. ^
Attention is invited to the fact that this land adjoins tract applied for by the San ;
Francisco Agricultural Company and the San Mateo Agricultural Company, and!
that Mr. E. L. Poole is agent for the three companies.
Very respectfully, C. W. Sleeper,
Director of Lands. >
S. A. No. 301.
Department op the Interior.
The Director of Lands,
Baguio.
Sir: Your findings in the above-mentioned application to purchase public land^
are hereby approved, and you are directed to proceed with the sale as provided in
Chapter II of the public land act.
Very respectfully. Dean C. Worcester,
Secretary of the Interior.
Baguio, May —, 1910.
Baguio, May 9, 1910.
Sir: Replying, in the absence of the secretary of the interior, to your communica-
tions of May fourth regarding applications of the San Mateo, San Carlos and San
Francisco Agricultural Companies, I have the honor to state that the secretary of
the interior has authorized me to approve your findings upon said applications, pro-
vided I am thoroughly satisfied that the proposed arrangement is strictly legal. <
Inasmuch as by section 75, of the act of Congress of July 1, 1902, it is provided
that it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in agriculture or
mining to be in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture
or mining; and as it does not appear from the papers that the stockholders in one of
these companies are not stockholders in another, I would suggest that you request
the agent to furnish us with the necessary information on this subject, which may
be in the form of an affidavit by some officer of the company having knowledge as
to who are the stockholders. The papers will be held pending receipt of such infor-
mation.
Respectfully, yours, Thomas Cary Welch,
Acting Executive, Secretary.
To the Director of Lands,
Baguio.
454 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Bruce, Lawrence, Ross & Block,
Manila, May 10, 1910.
Sir: I beg to acknowledge receipt of your telegram of May 9, 1910, reading as fol-
lows:
''Sales applications held up pending receipt of evidence that stockholders in any
one of the corporations are in no way interested in any one of the others; section 75,
act of Congress, July first."
The articles of incorporation of the San Francisco Agricultural Company, the San
Mateo Agricultural Company, and the San Carlos Agricultural Company, which are
the three companies which made application to purchase lands in Mindoro, show
that there are no common stockholders or incorporators among them. The legal
presumption is, of course, that these companies are complying with the law, and,
aside from this presumption, the facts shown by the articles of incorporation cer-
tainly make a prima facie case. As a matter of fact, I know from the correspondence
which I have received from America that these companies have no common stockhold-
ers, and that there is no willingness or desire on the part of any of those interested in
any of the companies to in any way evade the law.
It would seem to me to be rather an unfortunate precedent to establish to require
further evidence than that already given of compliance with the law, but if you con-
sider it expedient, under the circumstances of the case, to secure such further evi-
dence, I should be glad to cable at once to the United States, so that full affidavits
may be forwarded, which I will fde with you. If you will be good enough to cable me
upon receipt of this letter your wishes in the matter, I shall at once cable to our cor-
respondents in the United States for the affidavits. In the meantime, it does not
seem to me just that the applications should be held up pending the receipt of this
further evidence. Would it not be possible for the applications to proceed in the
regular course, so that the advertisements may be made, which wdll consume a con-
siderable amount of time? I will undertake to obtain and file the affidavits with
you prior to the purchase of the land, if you so require. The matter has, as you
know, already been considerably delayed, and further delay may prove very detri-
mental to the interests of these companies.
I respectfully request, therefore, that you allow the applications to go forward in
the usual course which they would follow, and the necessary advertisements and
other preliminaries to be carried out prior to the receipt of papers from the United
States.
Very respectfully, Edward B. Bruce.
Mr. C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands, Baguio.
Baguio, May IS, 1910.
The Director of Lands, Baguio, Benguet.
Sir: In view of the statements in the letter herewith, re the telegram of Messrs.
Bruce, Lawrence, Ross & Black, of May 10, 1910, your findings in regard to the above-
mentioned application are hereby approved to the extent that you may proceed to
advertisement without delay, as provided in chapter 2 of the public-land act, it being
understood, however, that the applicants are to furnish corroborative proof, satis-
factory to you, by affidavit or otherwise, of the statements in said letter before such
sale be finally consummated.
Very respectfully, Thomas Cary Welch,
Acting Executive Secretary, for and in the
absence of the Secretary of the Interior.
Baguio, May 16, 1910.
Mr. Edward B. Bruce, Manila,
Sir: Replying to your favor of May 10, permit me to state that your letter was taken
by me before the vice governor and also Mr. Welch (acting executive secretary) and
the vice governor stated that he could see no objection to proceeding with the advertise-
ment. I thereupon wired you to that effect, and on May 14 received the original of
the enclosed letter from th^ acting executive secretary.
Very respectfully.
Director of Lands.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 455
Bruce, Lawrence, Ross & Block,
Manila, May 18, 1910.
Sir: I beg to acknowledge receipt of your letter of May 16, inclosing a copy of the
letter of the acting executive secretary in reference to the sale of public lands in
Mindoro. I have already written to the United States and requested our correspond-
ents to forward at once affidavits showing the stockholders of the various companies.
I will have these affidavits on hand in case they are required by your bureau.
Very respectfully,
Edward B. Bruce.
Mr. C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands, Baguio.
Bacuio, June 2, 1910.
Mr. Edward B. Bruce,
Manila, F.I.
Sir: Referring to your letter of May 10th in relation to the applications of the San
Francisco Agricultural Company, the San Mateo Agricultural Co. and the San Carlos
Agricultural Co. , to purchase public lands in the province of Mindoro, permit me to state
that the Secretary of the Interior has requested affidavits from Mr. E. L. Poole, agent
of the three companies mentioned above, that he is not a stockholder in any one of the
three companies, or any other corporation owning land in the Philippine Islands, and
that he has no personal financial interest in any of the three companies mentioned.
It is requested that this affidavit be furnished, if possible, in triplicate, to be attached
to the original applications.
Upon receipt of same, it is believed that the Secretary of the Interior will approve
of the sales applications mentioned herein.
Very respectfully, ,
Director of Lands.
Philippine Islands, City of Manila, ss:
E. L. Poole, being duly sworn, deposes and says:
That he is the managing agent in the Philippine Islands of the San Francisco
Agricultural Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
State of California; of the San Mateo Agricultural Company, a corporation organized
and existing under the laws of the State of California; and of the San Carlos Agricul-
tural Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of
California;
That he is not a stockholder in any of said companies, nor is he a stockholder in
any corporation owning land in the Philippine Islands, or which has applied for the
purchase of public lands in the Philippine Islands; and that he is not financially
interested in any of the said corporations above mentioned, otherwise than being
employed as managing agent of the said corporations in the Philippine Islands.
Edw. L. Poole.
Subscribed and sworn to before me, in Manila, P. I., this 4th day of June, 1910, the
said E. L. Poole exhibiting to me his personal cedula No. F-1946, issued at Manila,
P. I., on the 4th day of January, 1910.
[seal.] W. H. Lawrence,
[stamp.] Notary Public,
My commission expires December 31, 1910.
Memorandum of correspondence relating to sale of tracts of land to the San Mateo Agri-
cultural Company f the San Francisco Agricultural Company, and the San Carlos
Agricultural Company.
Letters forwarding sales application to the Secretary of the Interior by the director
of lands, containing the approval of the Secretary of the Interior to the findings of the
director of lands. (Letters dated May 4, 1910.)
Letter of the acting executive secretary (Mr. Welch) of May 9th to the director of
lands requesting further information.
456 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Letter of Mr. Bruce of May 10, acknowledging receipt of telegram of director of
lands of May 9th on this subject, requesting that advertisements be made, and reason.
Letter of Acting Executive Secretary Welch of May 13th to director of lands, author-
izing advertisements in view of the information contained in letter of Mr. Bruce of
May 10th, and requesting corroborative proof.
Letter of the director of lands to Mr. Edward P. Bruce, of May 16th, advising no
objection to proceeding with advertisements, and enclosing copy of letter of the acting
executive secretary.
Letter of Mr. Edward P. Bruce to the director of lands of May 18th, acknowledging
receipt of his letter of May 16th, stating that he will procure the affidavits and present
them if desired.
Letter of the director of lands of June 2nd to Mr. Edward P. Bruce, referring to the
letter of May 10th, and requesting affidavit from Mr. Poole regarding his connection
with the corporations concerned. (The three affidavits furnished by Mr. Poole are
dated June 4th.)
(Note.— In the letter of May 10, 1910, from Mr. Edward B. Bruce
to Mr. C. II. Sleeper, above set out in full, the following clauses occur) :
It would seem to me to be rather an unfortunate precedent to establish to require
further evidence tjian that already given of compliance with the law, but if you con-
aider it expedient, under the circumstances of the case, to secure such further evidence,
I should be glad to cable at once to the United States, so that full alhdavits may be
forwarded, which I will file with you. If you will be good enough to cable me upon
receipt of this letter your wishes in the matter I shall at once cable to our correspond-
ents in the United States for the affidavits.
(When the above-mentioned clauses had been read by Mr. Worces-
ter the following occurred):
Mr. Parsons. Was that done ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not think that was done, sir. It does not
appear from this correspondence.
Mr. Crumpacker. Those applications were for public lands, and
not friaf lands ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. Those were applications to be allowed
to purchase, directly, public lands.
Mr. Madison. How much was included in each application— how
many acres ?
Mr. Worcester. I think the full amount — 1,024 hectares, which
is approximately 2,500 acres.
Mt. Parsons. How was the price fixed ?
Mr. Worcester. A land inspector is sent to examine the land, as
a rule. But I may say, Mr. Parsons, that it is the fixed policy of the
department of the interior in sales of wild agricultural public land
to fix the minimum price allowed by law. The price would be the
same whether the land were a little better or not quite so good. The
same policy prevails in the matter of leases.
Mr. Parsons. Why is that?
Mr. Worcester. We have been making every effort to get our
lands cultivated, to persuade the natives to take them up, or to
interest others in taking thein up. We have a country of enormous
agricultural resources, with enormous areas of uncultivated land,
and we want to see it turned into farms.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the disposition of the natives toward
occupying and owning lands ?
Mr. Worcester. As a rule, sir, the natives are entirely indifferent
in the matter of ownership, unless they fear for some reason that
they may be dispossessed. The Filipino is very much attached to
his home and his neighbors and his town. He would look with
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 457
horror on the probabUity of bemg driven away from a place where
his ancestors had Hved before him. But so long as he is left in
unmolested occupation of land, as a rule, he does not take the slight-
est interest in securing title to it. That is the true explanation
of the failure of natives to lease or purchase or establish title to
tracts of land, or to hoi-s^stead, or to take advantage of the privilege
of free patent, which latter privilege gives a man his land for nothing.
Mr. Crumpacker. A very small percentage of occupants of agri-
cultural lands have any record title ?
Mr. Worcester. Very small, sir. As I stated to the committee,
it was estimated at the time the census was taken that there were
two and a quarter million parcels of farm land — that is, land claimed
in a way by natives, mostly by natives — and only about 6,000
titles had actually been obtained.
Mr. Crumpacker. Many of those occupants who have had no titles
could procure titles upon merely making application ?
Mr. Worcester. Oh, yes, sir; great numbers of them could have
secured titles for nothing under the free patent provision of the public
lands act. We did everything we possibly could to call their atten-
tion to the opportunity. We utilized the public schools. We
directed that the facts be communicated to the children, and that the
children be asked to tell their parents when they went home. We pub-
lished the facts in circulars in half a dozen of the native dialects, so
that anyone who could read even a native (halect might be informed;
and we scattered those circulars broadcast. We imposed on pro-
vincial and municipal ofhcials by instruction through the Governor
General and the executive secretary, the obligation of informing people
about their opportunities to gain land. We have used every channel
that w^e could think of to convey the information to the people.
Mr. Hubbard. I want to ask a question with relation to these three
tracts of which we were speaking. Was there any definition of the
purpose for which those tracts were taken ?
Mr. Worcester. There would not have been in the application,
sir. My understanding is that the men who have them propose to
raise sugar cane and ship it over the railroad to the central mill.
Mr. Hubbard. That is, that these three tracts were to be used as
sugar lands ?
Mr. Worcester. In part for sugar and in part for cocoanuts.
Some of the land is very good for raising cocoanuts, and not suitable
for sugar.
(The committee thereupon went into executive session, after
which it adjourned until to-morrow, Tuesday, December 20, 1910,
at 10 o'clock a. m.)
82278°— H. Repl. 2289, 61-3 33
458
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Keport asked for by Mr. Parsons brought to date similar to that of page 97 of the
Report of the Secretary of the Interior. Dates shown since November 1 are merely
estimates based on instructions left with the assistant director of lands as to the time
estates should be placed on sale. I left Manila November 7, and believe the instruc-
tions were carried out.
Table showing dates of completion of surveys, computations, and valuations of friar estates
and dates when estates were offered for sale.
Estate.
Surveys;
field work
completed.
Com-
putations
completed,
including
additional
subdivisions.
Valuations
completed.
Sales began.
Banilad
Binagbag i
Binan
Calamba 2
Dampol 1
Guiguinto
Imus 3
Isabela
Lolomboy 2
Malinta
Matam?/
Muntinlupa
'Naic
Orion
Piedad 1
San Francisco de Malabon *
San Jos6
San Marcos
Santa Cruz de Malabon s. . .
Santa Maria de Pandi ^
Santa Rosa ^
Tala
Talisay-Minglanilla ^
July
Dec.
Feb.
Jan.
Dec.
Oct.
June
June
Oct.
July
Oct.
Nov.
Nov.
Oct.
Dec.
Apr.
Aug.
Apr.
June
June
June
Apr.
June
2, 1907
20. 1907
1, 1907
15. 1908
31. 1905
31, 1907
1,1908
13, 1907
1,1907
1, 1907
5. 1906
11, 1907
1. 1907
30. 1906
16. 1907
1,1908
27. 1905
24. 1906
3. 1908
30. 1908
2. 1907
1. 1908
1,1908
Jime
June
May
July
July
June
Nov.
July
June
July
June
July
May
July
July
Jan.
May
June
Nov.
Sept.
June
May
22, 1909
21. 1909
3, 1910
23. 1910
22, 1909
30, 1909
1, 1910
19, 1909
1, 1910
28, 1909
30. 1908
27. 1909
19. 1910
28. 1909
10. 1910
31, 1910
31, 1906
30. 1908
1,1910
30, 1910
25. 1909
7, 1910
Dec. 11,1908
Feb. 21,1907
Mar. 11,1910
Oct. 1, 1910
Feb. 6, 1906
Feb. 18,1908
Nov. 1,1910
Feb. 16,1909
Oct. 1, 1910
Jan. 19,1909
Not classified
Jan. 9, 1909
Mar. 21,1910
Jan. 17,1908
June 17,1910
July 16,1909
Not classified
do
June 27,1910
Oct. 10,1910
Dec. 29,1907
Sept. 7,1909
June
May
May
Oct.
Apr.
Oct.
Dec.
Sept.
Oct.
May
Apr.
Mar.
June
June
Aug.
Mar.
Jan.
June
Dec.
Nov.
Jan.
June
15. 1909
17, 1908
6, 1910
15. 1910
22, 1908
12. 1908
1, 1910
7. 1909
10, 1910
13. 1909
20. 1908
16. 1909
24. 1910
18, 1908
9. 1910
17, 1910
4, 1910
26, 1908
1, 1910
15, 1910
4,1909
21, 1910
' Opposition in land court necessitated a slight change in boundary lines.
2 Neither classified nor sold.
3 Computations not finished.
'' Additional subdivisions of parcels subsequent to sale date.
* Not offered for sale.
Note. — Several estates were offered for sale before the surveys were entirely completed. On the Dampol
and Guiguinto estates some resurveys were necessary after sales h d begun.
Land reserved by the Philippines Sugar Estates Development Co. on estates which were sold
to the Government, known as friar estates.
Calamba estate:
I urban lot containing 0.8968 acres.
1 agricultural lot containing 492.50 acre§. (Known as ^'Lecheria.")
1 town lot containing 0.7485 acres. (Known as ^'Majada.")
1 agricultural lot containing 1,453.75 acres.
1 agricultural lot containing 59 . 50 acres . ( " Real . " )
Bifian estate:
1 town lot containing 0.2038 acres.
1 town lot containing 0.3520 acres.
1 agricultural lot containing 25 acres (on which is located a rice mill).
Orion estate:
1 town lot containing 0.0475 acres.
S. C. De Malabon, Banilad:
1 town lot containing 2.6938 acres. (Inclosed by masonry wall.)
Banilad estate:
7 town lots containing 20.9225 acres.
Santa Rosa estate:
1 town lot containing 4.3312 acres. (Containing large building.)
1 town lot containing 470.1510 acres.
Total, 2,531.0971 acres.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 459
Copy of cablegrams .
December 15, 1910.
Forbes, Manila:
Cable name of signer and form of signature on check paid bureau of lands for first
payment San Jose estate.
Edwards.
December 16, 1910.
Secretary of War, Washington:
Keferring to telegram from your office of 14th instant, check on Hongkong and Shang-
hai Banking Corporation, 368,658, January 4, 1910, payable Charles H. Sleeper, director
bureau of lands, 166,926 pesos, signed (quote) "For E. L. Poole P. A. Prentiss.'^
Forbes,
War Department,
Bureau of Insular Affairs,
Washington y December 17, 1910.
Official copy respectfully furnished Capt, Charles H. Sleeper,
Geo. H. Shelton,
Major, United States Army,
Assistant to Chief of Bureau.
Memorandum of estimated sales to original occupants, new native occupants, and new
occupants other than native, to include October 30, 1910.
MUNTINLUPA ESTATE.
Acres.
Original occupants (1,207 parcels) 1, 459. 8479
Natives, new occupants (34 parcels) 71. 4914
Others, new occupants (21 parcels) 3, 019. 0217
Total (1,262 parcels) 4, 550. 3610
Baldwin, Young & Baldwin (3 parcels) 770. 7165
Bayanan Plantation Syndicate (1 parcel) 307. 5040
Manila Railroad Co. (1 parcel) 50. 3025
R. E. McFie (2 parcels) 15. 8257
Muntinlupa Co. (J. L. Davis) (14 parcels) 1,874.6730
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Land, Philippine Government.
Washington, D. C, December 15, 1910.
Pages 13 and 14. Exhibit "A," schedule of rents of friar lands (p. 13, H. Doc.
No. 963), became effective for the leases expiring during the calendar year 1908, to be
renewed for the lease year 1908-9. Schedule on page 13 should read ''Lots per are per
annum" (100 square meters), not "per hectare per annum."
NUEVA ECIJA.
It is estimated that the province of Nueva Ecija contains 1,500,000 acres, of which
about 1,000,000 acres belong to the public domain and the larger part is believed to be
agricultural land, and about 500,000 acres are occupied lands of either private or public
ownership.
460
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
In response to Mr. Martin's request of December 15, contained on page 404 of the
record, for indication of the employees or former employees of the Government who
have applied for the lease of public lands, there is submitted herewith a list showing
in the column of remarks those who are or have been Government employees as near
as can be determined from the personal knowledge of the director of lands and his
employees now in Washington, and from the roster of civil service employees of the
Philippine Islands to January 1, 1910.
List of all applications for lease of public lands since July 1, 1902^ in effect on 8eptemher
SO, 1910.
[Sec, 27, act 926.]
Ira D.Cobb
O.V.Wood
LorenL. Day
M. A. McLeod
Jose Miranda
Gabino R. Bautista...
Francisco Bangoy
John Clark
Mary Carrigan
J. M. Liddell....
Alejandro Manalo
M. L. McCullough....
J. H. McCullough
Leora J. Day
C. H. Sawyer
Felipe Bantayan
Dalmacio Agton
Esfcanislao P. Gil
Basilio Villanueva —
Silvestre Jandoc
Tomas Zapata
Eduardo Laching
Sabas Fuentes
Domingo Loteria
Segundo Esperat
E. W. Ames
Policarpio Pugida
Segundo Perez
Enrique Bustamente.
Nazario Jose
G. W. Langford
Domingo Ellazar
Evaristo de los Santos
Marcelino Pio
Guillermo Garcia
Chas. E.T. Wade....
Antonio Matute
J. R. Wilson
Vicente Lukban
Arsenio Villarosa
Vergilio Baileon
Juan Palanca
J. L. Perrin
Mariano Perez
Daniel Perez
Anacleta Nufioz
Enrique Navarro
M. V. Sanson
Felipe Semiana
Antonio Tancontian. .
Samuel Navarro
Inocencio Perez
Sebastian Matute
Geo. S. Worcester
Mariano Osorio
Pablo Catubog
Braulio Reyes
Angel Boston
P. A. Hill
E. B. Bruce
W. II. Lawrence
Z. K.Miller
H. C. Reissar
Mariano P. Gill
Bunod
Ciriaco Gudoy
Modesto Barrera
Vicente Bualan
Romana Munoz
Hectares.
Years.
48
25
451
25
1,024
25
100
25
80
25
104
25
105
25
422
25
1,024
25
327
25
80
25
896
25
896
25
340
25
576
25
18
25
70
25
187
25
18
25
50
25
47
25
49
25
21
25
58
25
33
25
576
25
27
25
100
25
51
25
24
25
204
25
92
25
28
25
22
25
255
25
140
25
231
25
1,000
25
1,024
25
41
25
64
25
100
25
85
25
38
25
40
25
36
25
38
25
30
25
33
25
64
25
79
25
266
25
418
25
500
25
31
25
17
25
32
25
21
25
26
25
100
25
81
25
350
25
148
25
74
25
45
25
27
25
21
25
86
25
25
25
Teacher, removed Sept., '06.
Dist. sec'y Davao; resigned July, 1907.
Asst. treas. Moro Provmce; 1^5,500.
Ranger bur. forestry, '04; F600.
Judge municipal court. Resigned Jan. 1, 'C
Asst. dist. sec. Davao. Resigned Apr., '08.
Teacher Moro Prov.; P2,400.
Postmaster, Mati; F108.
Capt. surg. P. C. Moro Prov.; P=4,800.
3rd class patrohnan, dept. police, 1902; F480.
Asst. director bur. lands; F7,500.
Chinese interpreter customs; Fl,200.
P. M. dep. collector customs Balabae; F3,780.
Clerk Balabae customs; Fl,200.
3rd class patrolman, dept. police; F720.
Machinery expert, bur. agri.; F3,600.
Capt., bur. navigation; F3,000.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
461
List of all applications for lease of public lands since July 1, 1902, in effect on September
30, :?P:?0~Coiitinued.
Isidro Pablo
Nieves Quesada
Ayas
Lewis Main
O. B. Burrell
Luis Baldomero
G. W. Daywalt
Enrique Bustamente
Severo Samal
Justino Bangoy
Claudio Quesada
Enrique Navarro
Jose Tiga
Juan Alang
Mindanao Estates Co
Merton L. Miller, pres
R. C. Round, agent
Tibungoy Plantation Co
Max A. Becher, sec.-treas
Mindanao Plantation Co
F. H. Gibson, sec.-treas
B. A. Crumb, agent
Davao Trading & Dev. Co
MaxL. McCullough, president.
Louis T. Grant
Southern Cross Plantation Co
Fay F. Lewis, sec.-treas .
Moro Plantation Co .
F. A. Crowhurst, gen'l mgr. . .
L. A. Schoppe
F. H. Garrett
Miguel Morales
Moro Improvement & Trading Co.
T. R. Scoon, sec.-treas
Diosado Bustamente
Valantin Mora (and Leonor Garcia)
Justina Plaza
P.W.Addison
Jose Arevalo
E . E . Christensen
Lumayan Plantation Co
P.P. Chase, sec.-treas
Siassi Plant'n & Trading Co
Geo. Harvey, pres
N. M. Holmes, agt
Padro de Lara y Bautista
"Kalamitoy", Gregorio Palacios,
treas.
Vicente D . Fernandez
Fermin Costa
Agustin Colon
Vicente Bualan
Gertnides de Perio
Ytig Bagobo
Luis Balderas
Cipriano Alzate
Simeon Poster
Alejandro Manalo
Domingo Bustamente
Tura Bagobo
Magdalena Payan
Ana Pulido
Pausto Urabalay
E.G. Worrick
Roque Neri
Petra Pascual
Lorenzo Lacao
Jose Dato
Domingo Lemesa
Okiko (Mrs. Zorns)
Davao. Agr. Co
Cecilio Palamara
F. H. Gibson
Sulpicio Osorio
M. E. Heacock
D. L. Roscoe
Victoriano Gi^zman
Manuel Gutierrez Velasquez
Jose A. Clarin
Marciano Balderas
Agapito Malcampo
Hectares.
38
84
30
1,020
100
28
400
21
26
53
30
24
31
10
i; 024
340
1,024
800
"5i2'
10
1,024
17
479
.(
4
0
500
279
2
262
1,024
12
14
8(>
8
112
28
9
16
04
9
6
7
7
32
38"
12
8
15
17
32
128
22
1,024
33
500
1,024
01
500
5
23
15
Years.
Capt., P. C; resigned Apr. 27, '10.
Agricultural inspector; F2,800.
P. M. Dapa; n08.
Chief div. ethnology, bur. science; F6,000.
Law clerk, bur. int. rev.; F5,000.
P. M. Digos; ^36.00 per annum.
A,sst. dist. sec, Davao; resigned April, 1908.
Clerk, bur. supplies; F3,600.
D, O. and cashier, bur. supplies; 1*5,500.
Ry. postal clerk; resigned, 6-28-00.
Teacher-insp.; bur. forestry; resigned Dec, 1904.
Clerk, Moro Prov.; resigned, 9-7-07; F2,800.
Solicitor general, salary, T*10,000.
Dist. eng., bur. public works, resigned; 6-30-07.
Assemblyman, Bohol Prov,; F30 per diem.
462
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
List of all applications for lease of public lands since July 1, 1902, in effect on September
30, 1910— Continned.
Hectares.
Years.
Am-mel
12
96
350
1,024
25
25
25
25
South Mindanao Development Co.
W. B. Cadwallader
Lais Trading & Dev. Co
R. M. Shearer, pres
Special agt., exec, bur.; P8,500.
Paying teller, treas. bur.; P6,000.
T. K. Adreon
Bruno, Pablo
8
480
25
25
Wilson Plantation Co
L. F. Patstone
Supt. dept. eng! & public wks.; P6,000.
Sulu Dev't. Co
1,024
25
Harry Martin, pres
Vergilio Bonleon
32
32
25
25
Bruno Valdez Quijano
Leases executed for public lands during the period from July 24, 1904, the date of the procla-
mation of the public-land act, to September 30, 1910.
Area.
Rate per
hectare.
W. B. Dawson.
H. A.
83 84
Louis Gordon..
R. C. Baldwin.
Pioneer Plant'n Co
Wm. J. Crampton
Edward Power
Geo. P. Ahem
Ohta Dev't Co
Cadwallader Lbr. Co
Frank Shepherd
Philippines Plant'n & Commer-
cial Co
H. L. Heath, gen'l mgr
E. L. Worcester
Malalag Plant'n Co
E. F. Cochrane, agt
128 00 03
75 85 97
690 88 00
TO. 50
.50
5 51 62
630 05 01
3 71 71
123 76 75
3 47 64
1.50
.50
1.50
.50
2.00
977 38 03
522 47 82
Died Sept., 1910; school teacher; salary,
P2,600.
D. 0., municipal board, Manila; salary,
P6,500.
Chief div. inspectors, bur. customs; sal-
ary, P4,500.
Inspector, bur. customs; P3,600.
Director of forestry; P8,000.
Rain observer, weather bur.; F180.
Q. M. Dept., U. S. A.
3,244 96 64
In response to Mr. Martin's request of December 15, before the House Committee on
Insular Affairs, there is submitted herewith a statement of all public land which has
been disposed of within the town site of Baguio by the bureau of public lands to Sep-
tember 30, 1910, showing the number of the lot, the section, the area in square meters,
the date sold, the name of the purchaser, the price paid per square meter, and the
total cost in pesos.
Those names marked with the letter "jE" opposite are known to be, or have been,
employees of the Government of the Philippine Islands. Those marked with the
letter "it! " opposite the name are known as relatives of employees or former employees.
The information relative to their employment and the relationship is from the per-
sonal knowledge of the director of lands and his employees now in Washington, and the
roster of the civil-service employees of the Philippine Islands to January 1, 1910.
C. W. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Washington, D. C, December 16, 1910.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
463
STATEMENT AND INDEX OF LOTS SOLD IN BAGUIO TOWN SITE, SEPTEMBER, 1910.
Statement of sales of Baguio town-site lots.
RESIDENCE SECTIONS.
Lots.
No.
35
37
38
39
40
41
42
44
45
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
85
Area,
square
meters.
2,212.3
1,218.3
1, 545. 6
1,505.6
1,000.0
2, 650. 0
2, 523. 32
2,760.0
39,676.97
3,842.3
3,880.0
2,510.0
4, 417. 23
1,710.3
3,061.35
1,777.9
2,725.30
1,680.0
2,379.04
1,580.4
2,037.20
1,691.60
1,513.64
2,086.60
1, 175. 63
1,851.66
4,993.40
13,173.50
39, 140. 00
2,801.25
2,231.18
3,022.01
2,514.68
3,093.80
8,538.40
5,227.11
10,918.00
2,959.42
2,230.08
3,345.70
38,684.00
33,214.00
34,181.65
19,000.42
39,596.00
98,816.31
100,233.98
107,829.34
8,000.00
12,603.02
7,887.12
9,721.88
5, 468. 98
7,623.28
3, 220. 79
4,246.46
3,131.23
3,083.19
12,633.64
6,791.92
5,828.87
6,089.55
8, 142. 85
15,767.20
12, 164. 37
15, 718. 42
16, 628. 18
7,899.67
10,105.41
2, 922. 52
4,352.96
4,543.84
Date sold.
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
Apr. 15,1908
May 28,1906
Apr. 15,1908
May 28,1906
Apr. 15,1908
May 28,1906
Apr. 15,1908
May 28,1906
Jan. 6, 1908
May 28,1906
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Jan. 6, 1908
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
Jan. 6, 1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Apr. 15,1908
Jan. 6, 1908
Apr. 15,1908
May 17,1909
Apr. 15,1908
Oct. 24,1908
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1900
May 28,1906
July 20,1900
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
Name of purchaser.
Filomena Roces
Filomena Roces
Mauro Prieto
Mauro Prieto
Benito Valdez
Benito Valdez
Demetrio Tuason
Demetrio Tuason
Dean C. Worcester
Agusto Tuason
Agusto Tuacon
Mariano Tuason
Benito Legarda
Mariano Tuason
Benito Legarda
Juan Tuason
Antonio Prieto
Juan Tuason
Antonio Prieto
Teresa Tuason
F. R. Clute
Teresa Tuason
Manuel Gonzales
Manuel Gonzales
Francisco Gonzales
Francisco Gonzales
J. N. Wolfson
Archbishop of Manila
Archbishop of Manila
Archbishop of Manila
O.S.Cole
Isidore Ibolson
Isidoro Ibolson
Roman Martinez
Roman Martinez
W. H. Donovan
Francicso Bustamente
Mateo Carino
R. D. Blanchard
Antonio Jiminez
E. A. McClellan
Matias Gonzales
Jos6 Gavito
Philippines Sugar Estates Dev. Co..
E. Gutierrez y Repide
M. E. Mission
Archbishop of Manila
Archbishop of Manila
C.H. Brent
V. A.P
H. P. Whitmarsh
C. P. Hatheway
Enric^ue P. Brias
Ignacio B. de Lis
G. H. Guerdrum
Mrs. M. McLeod
Walter E . Olsen
Rafael del Pan
Jackson A. Due
Francisco Gutierrez
R.H.Noble
Mrs. A. M. Campbell
A.S.Ward
Ariston Bautista
Francisco Ortigas
R.H.Noble
Rafael del Pan
Victorino Mapa
Luz C. de Reves
Manuel Araullo
C. Shea
John D. Amazeen
Francisco P. Reyes
Price per
square
meter.
TO.
01
01
01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.01
.015
.01
.01
.01
.04
.01
.04
.01
.09
.01
.07
.01
.04
.01
.05
.08
.10
.15i
.04
.OOi
.OOi
.04
.04
.06
.05i
.041
.06|
.05^
.001
.04
.04
.06
.04
.04
.04
.04
.00|
.00|
.00§
.00|
.06f
.01
.01
.025
.01
.01
.01
.02
.03
.041
.04^
.01
.01
.05
.01
.02
.01
.03
.02i
.051
.02
.01
.04^
.05
Total cost.
T22. 12 R
12. 18 R
15. 46 R
15.00 ie
10.0012
26.50i2
50.47i2
27. 60 R
595. 15 E
38. 42 R
38. 80 R
25. 10 R
176. 69 E
17. 10 72
122. 45 E
11.78J2
245. 28 R
16. 80 R
166. 53 R
15. 80 R
81. 49 E
16. 92 R
75.68
166.93
117.56
287.01
197. 74
87.82
6,200.00
260. 93
112.05 J^
89.25
181. 32
138. 31
139. 22
555. 00 E
287. 49
30.39
118.38 E
89. 20 E
200. 74 E
1,547.36
1,328.56
1,367.27
760. 02
263. 97
618. 78
668. 23
359. 43
533. 33
126. 03 E
78. 87 E
243. 03 R
54.69
76. 23 E
32.21
284. 93
93. 94 E
146. 45 E
568.51
07. 92 E
58. 29 E
304. 48
81. 43 E
315.34^
121.64 .B
471.55 E
374. 13 E
414.73
202.11 E
29.23
195. 88 E
227. 19
1 Improvements on lot No.
464
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
STATEMENT AND INDEX OF LOTS SOLD IN BAGUIO TOWNSITE, SEPTEMBER, 1910 — COn.
Statement of sale of Baguio town-site lots — Continued.
RESIDENCE SECTIONS— Continued.
Lots.
Area,
square
meters.
Date sold.
Name of purchaser.
Price per
square
mile.
Sec.
No.
Total cost.
D
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
40
41
42
43
44
45
47
48
49
50
51
52
.53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
1
2
3
8,597.71
7,583.54
4,388.76
6,418.80
12,353.78
4,506.72
7,178.36
13,080.34
6,708.14
3,937.98
7,606.16
5,051.84
9,307.24
5,266.79
2,768.57
5; 434. 82
8,171.32
5,027.13
5,383.65
7, 123. 54
3, 807. 02
13,323.32
7, 122. 23
7,269.00
8,027.50
9, 754. 18
3,875.57
9, 874. 73
9,347.56
8,448.62
5,227.96
3, 690. 82
2, 193. 43
1,648.23
976. 96
3,388.98
4, 100. m
6,846.49
7,215.13
6, 728. 44
1,990.23
345, 473. 97
11,579.46
2, 774. 09
7,503.60
3,277.00
2,850.80
4,498.43
7,984.56
3,829.95
7,758.90
7,017.01
6,039.13
9,379.65
3,933.07
6,000.00
6,000.00
6,000.00
8,981.22
8,851.55
6,783.72
5,885.70
5,865.98
36,914.88
27,685.15
5,814.62
3,641.96
2,602.44
74.5. 18
23,074.42
9,766.19
5,986.97
6, 727. 60
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1900
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28.1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 28.1906
May 28,1906
May 28.1906
May 28,1906
May 28,1906
May 20,1906
May 28,1906
May 28.1906
July 20,1906
Mav 28.1906
May 2«,1906
May 28,1906
May 28.1906
Mav 28,1906
Mav 28,1906
Mav 28,1906
July 20.1906
July 20,1906
Mav 28.1906
May 28,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
July 20,1906
IT. E. Stafford
F0.01
.03
. 05.^
.031
.05
.06
.06J
.05i
.051
.05
.04
.05
.021
.031
.03i
.02|
.021
.025
.05
.01
.025
.01
.055
.01
.03
.02
.02
.01
.015
.01
.015
.01
.01
.01
. 065
.05
.09
.035
.01
.01
.01
.001
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.06
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.05
.02
.03
•Olf
.02
.02
.03^
.05
.05
.13
.04
.04
.04
.06
5P85 98 E
D
11. E.Stafford
227 51 E
D
Rafael Reyes... .
241 38
D
Gregorio Araneta
240 71 E
D
Fanstino Perez...
617 69
D
M. Limjap
270 40
D
M. Limjap
466 59
D
Rafael Reyes
686 72
D
Jos6 Sil vestre
352 18
D
Maria S. Lopez
196 90
D
Fernandez Hermanos
304 25
T)
Arcadio Rosario
252 59 E
D
Manuel Goiti..
255 95 E
D
W. D. Prideaux
197 50 E
D
Manuel Goiti
89 98 E
D
A. B. Powell
149 46 E
D
S. del Rosario
224 71 E
D
A. C. Carson
125 68 E
D
A.C.Carson
269 18 J5
D
L. A.Clark
71 24
D
Mrs. A. M. Campbell
95 18 E
D
H. L. Higgins
133 23
D
H. L, Higgins
391 72
D
C. A. Stevens
72 69
T)
C.M.Jenkins
240 83
D
C. M. Jenkins
195 08
D
F. W. Prising
77 51
\)
West G. Smith...
98 75
D
West G. Smith
140. 21
D
J. Marshall
84 49
D
J, Marshall
78 42
D
W.J. Mallory
36 91 E
D
W. J. Mallory
21.93 E
D
A. Muscat
16 48
D
F. W. Prising
63 50
r>
C. A. Stevens...
169 45
P
F. Muscat
369 05
D
Mr. Parsons.
239 63 E
T>
Mercedes McLeod
72 15
D
MissM. McLeod...
67 28
D
Mrs. A. Kingcome
19 90
D
Baguio Country Club ^
2,303. 20 ER
115 79
V>
Mrs. de Lis
D
A. Bertran de Lis
27 74
T)
Mrs. M. McLeod
75 04
T)
Dr. R. P. Strong
32 71 E
T>
Dr. R. P. Strong
28.51 E
J)
E. C. McCullough
44 98
D
E. C. McCullough
79.85
D
S. O. Scudder
38 30 E
D
H. P. Whitmarsh
11. 59 E
0
P. G. McDonnell
70 17 E
n
J. R. Wilson
60. 39 E
D
T.C.Kinney
562 78
D
G. C. Schweickert
39. 33 E
D
Josefina Luzuriaga
60 00 JK
T)
Josefina Luzuriaga
50 m R
T)
A. B . de Lis, jr
50.00
D
W. H. Donovan
89 81 E
r>
John T. McLeod
427. 58
D
A.O.Zinn
135 67 E
T)
D. D. Douglas
176.57 E
D
O.S.Cole
102 65 E
D
W. Cameron Forbes
738. 30 E
n
W. Cameron Forbes
553. 70 E
D
C. A. Stevens
C. M. Jenkins
203. 51
182.10
I)
F.W. Prising.
130. 12
r>
T. L. Ilartigan
96.87
D
Hongking & Sh. Bank . .
922. 98
F
Jan. 6. 1908
Jan. 6,1908
Mar. 15.1909
Felipe Zamora
390. 65
F
Vicente Miranda
239. 48
F
A. D. Tanner
403. 66 E
1 Baguia Country Club, acorporation, many members of which are Government employees or relatives.
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
465
STATEMENT AND INDEX OF LOTS SOLD IN BAGUIO TOWNSITE, SEPTEMBER, 1910 — COD.
Statement of sales of Baguio town-site lots — Continued.
RESIDENCE SECTIONS— Continued.
Lots.
Sec.
No.
Area,
square
meters.
038. 17
749. 68
970. 66
,333.09
554. 63
821. 99
066. 96
056. 25
441. 98
404. 79
315. 40
707. 19
573.88
,577.92
983. 27
333.36
;28. 15
972. 70
972. 70
487. 97
231. 23
612. 50
062. 50
,734.38
093. 75
595. 50
724. 16
274. 93
,464.83
166. 56
427. 05
009. 48
762. 03
225. 16
665. 45
716. 96
032.23
125. 36
013.30
990. 69
787. 88
, 263. 03
535. 55
. 683. 00
, 103. 00
, 697. 00
, 180. 00
, 174. 00
, 153. 00
, 375. 00
, 458. 00
, 270. 00
,841.00
,141.00
,327.00
, 453. 02
,318.00
,267.00
,251.00
, 196. 00
, 307. 00
,159.00
975. 05
,444.00
730. 00
, 832. 00
, 386. 00
,341.00
:,548.41
090.00
040.00
,212.80
[,003.00
942.09
Date sold.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Apr.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Apr.
Apr.
Apr.
Apr.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan,
Jan.
Jan.
Apr.
Apr.
July
July
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
July
May
July
May
July
May
July
May
May
May
May
Oct.
May
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
6, 1908
6, 1908
6,1908
15, 1908
6,1908
6,1908
6, 1908
15,1908
15,1908
15,1908
15, 1908
6, 1908
6, 1908
6, 1908
6, 1908
6, 1908
6. 1908
6,1908
15, 1908
15, 1908
20, 1906
20, 1906
28, 1906
28, 1906
28, 1906
28, 1906
28, 1906
28, 1906
28,1906
28, 1906
20, 1906
28, 1906
20, 1906
28, 1906
20, 1906
28, 1900
20, 1906
28, 1900
28, 1900
28, 1900
28, 1900
9. 1909
28, 1900
24, 1908
24,1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
9,1909
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24,1908
24,1908
9, 1909
24,1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
9, 1909
24. 1908
24, 1908
9, 1909
24, 1908
9, 1909
Name of purchaser.
A. M. Easthagen
E. H.Cole
G. W. Beattie
W. M. Haube
Vicente Reyes
Carl Hess
M. E. Cuyugan
Edna R. Schley
Gregorio Araneta
E. R. Forbes
J. R. Wilson
M. W. Mumma
M. E. Cuyugan
M. W. Mumma
Carlos Cuguyan
Carlos Cuguyan
J, B. Thomas
A. M. Easthagen
Petrona Napktl
Petrona Napkil
J. A.Scott
J. A. Hamilton
John T. McLeod
G. H. Guerdrum
Enrique Brias
Enrique P. Brias
C. Sackernian
Harry E. Smith
C. Saekerman
H. E. Smith
L. J. Lambert
C. E. Conant
J. P. Heilbronn
John J. Knust
Thomas Tolman
J. Fox
J. W. Longaker
C. E. Conant
J. W. Houston
T. JI. P. deTavera...
T. II. P. deTavera...
R. J. Andrews
Father Fidel Mir
Francisco Yandoc
Domingo L. Diaz
Jose Mcndoza
Juan Zarato
Ciriaco Ferrer
Tomas Anchita
Lauriano Rosario
Gregorio Gal van
J. W. Smith
Marcel ino C. Garcia. . .
Mateo Marques
Manuel Fernandina. . .
Zoilo Tolentino
Frank Danao
Juan Josue
Santiago Salas
Fabian Camiling
Baltazer A bona
J^ucio Almazan
Isidore Tolentino
laicio .\lma7,an
Frank Danao
Tomas Anchita
J. O. Wagner
V. O. Castro
Consuelo de Cuyugan.
Baltazar Abena
F. J. Diaz
Fausta Floresca
Zoilo Tolentino
Consuelo de Cuyugan .
Price per
square
mile.
TO.
04
04J
.04
.05
.04
.04
.04
.04
.04
.04i
.04^
.04i
.07i
.04^
. 06}
.04
.08
.04
.04
.05i
.02""
.02
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.02
.Oli
.01
.02
.01
. 03i
. 0()5
.05
.015
.01
.04»
. 00§
. 03.^
. 05
.01
.06
.01
.02^,
.of
. 01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
• OU
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
Total cost.
T3Q1.5SE
443. 42 E
358. 82 E
366. 65 E
342. 19
392. 88
362. 68
402. 25
377. 68 E
243. 22
239. 19 E
200. 06
493.04
251.00
373. 95
293. 33
538. 25 E
278. 51 E
231. 69
191. 84
84.62
112. 25
40.63
67. 34 E
70. 94 R
65. 95 R
97. 24 E
52. 75 E
64. 65 E
31.67 E
84.27
20. 19 E
122. 05
22.25
73.31
27.17
98. 55 E
73.15 E
50. 67
59. 95 E
77. 88 E
852. 27 E
908. 45
57. 10
55. 15 E
16. 97 E
70.80
11.74
28. 83 E
13.75
24. 58 E
12. 70 E
18.41
11.41
13.27
14. 53 E
13.18 E
12. 07
12.51
31.90
13. 07
11.59 E
9.80
?4. 44 E
7.30 E
18. 32 E
23. 86 E
20. 12 E
25.48
10.90
30.40
12.13
30. 03 E
19.42
466
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
STATEMENT AND INDEX OF LOTS SOLD IN BAGUIO TOWNSITE, SEPTEMBER, 1910 — COIl.
Statement of sales of Baguio town-site lots — Continued.
RESIDENCE SECTIONS— Continued.
Lots.
Area,
square
meters.
Date sold.
Name of purchaser.
Price per
square
mile.
Sec.
No.
Total cost.
K
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
49
51
53
65
67
69
61
63
65
67
68
1, 456. 64
1,835.92
1,774.00
1,961.86
1,601.00
944.00
1,097.00
1,928.00
1,517.00
2, 334. 55
1,067.00
751.00
3, 291. 00
2, 844. 00
2, 142. 00
2,399.69
2, 605. 03
1,980.61
1,988.62
3, 408. 00
1,747.00
1,059.00
163, 855. 79
Apr.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Apr.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Apr.
Apr.
Apr.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
22,1910
9, 1909
24, 1908
9, 1909
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
19, 1910
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
19, 1910
19, 1910
19, 1910
9, 1909
24, 1908
24, 1908
24, 1908
9, 1909
Mariano Ponce
TO. 01§
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.01 J
.01
.09i
.01
.01
.01
.ou
.Oli
.Oli
.01
.01
.01
.10
.00 J
F21.85
K
E. Gutierrez y Repide
18.36
K
J. C. Wagner
17. 74 E
K
Felix Bautista
19 62
K
Marcelino Garcia
16.01
K
Donato Baldanado .
9 44
K
V.O.Castro
10.97 E
K
CiritoBelvis
19.28
K
Angel Menor
15.17
K
Donato Teodoro
35. 02 E
K
Angel Menor
10 67
K
K
K
K
Domingo L. Diaz
F.J.Diaz
Fabian Camiling
Cornelio Pineda
71.34^
32.91
28.44
21.42
K
Hermogenes Reyes
36. 00 E
K
Epifanio Reyes
39.08
K
Hermogenes Reyes.
29 71 E
K
Melquiades Floresca
19. 89 E
K
Jose Mendoza
34. 08 E
K
Melquiadez Floresca
17.47 E
K
Juan Zarate
105 90
K
Jesuit Miss. Society
546. 19
Block.
LOTS IN BUSINESS SECTION "A" SOLD ON JULY 20, 1906.
Lot.
Square
meters.
1
450. 00
2
450. 00
3
450. 00
4
450. 00
5
450. 00
6
450. 00
7
450.00
8
450. 00
9
450. 00
10
450. 00
11
450. 00
12
450. 00
1
450. 00
2
450. 00
3
450. 00
4
450. 00
5
450. 00
6
450.00
7
450. 00
8
450. 00
9
450. 00
10
450. 00
11
450. 00
12
450. 00
1
479. 90
2
450. 00
3
450. 00
4
450. 00
5
450. 00
6
450. 00
7
450. 00
8
450. 00
9
m. 36
10
775. 05
11
675. 00
12
675.00
1
562. 60
2
614. 56
3
450.00
4
450.00
5
450.00
6
450.00
Name of purchaser.
Price per
square mile,
II. S.King
Frederick O'Brien
J. W. Longaker...
H. P. Whitmarsh.
H.S.King
J. E. Mallory
W. H. Mclntyre. .
J. W. Longaker...
Alfredo Roensch..
W. E. Olsen
J. W. Marker
Harry Thurber...
F. J. Higham
F. J. Higham
George Rouse
George Rouse
D. F. Maloney
D. F. Maloney
H.B.IIanford
T. B.Tolman
L. J. Lambert
J. P. Ileilbronn
T. B.Tolman
L.J. Lambert
F.A.Churchill....
E. E. Elser
J. W. Anderson
C. M.Jenkins
C. M. Jenkins
G. H. Guerdrum..
G. H. Guerdrum..
R. H. Noble
W. Jessup
W. Jessup
C. Shea
C. Shea
H. P. Whitmarsh.
J. P. Heilbronn...
P.J. O'Neil
P.J. O'Neil
P. M. Jones
P. M. Jones
TO.
03J
03J
.034
• 03J
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.055
. 03-4
.034
.034
.071
.034
.034
.034
.04
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
.034
Total cost.
F15.00
15.00
15.00 E
15.00.6;
15.00
15. 00 E
15. 00 E
15. 00 E
15.00
15.00
15.00
26.00
15.76
15.00
15.00
34.00
15.00
15.00
15.00 £
18.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
16.00 E
15.00
15. 00 E
15.00
15.00
15. 00 E
15. 00 E
15.00.E
26.35
25.84
22.50
22.60
18. 75 E
17.60
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
ADMIKISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
467
STATEMENT AND INDEX OF LOTS SOLD IN BAGUIO TOWNSITE, SEPTEMBER, 1910 — COIl.
Statement of sales of Baguio town-site lots — Continued .
LOTS IN BUSINESS SECTION "A" SOLD ON JULY 20, 1906— Continued.
Block.
Lot.
Square
meters.
4
7
450. 00
4
8
450. 00
4
9
450. 00
4
10
659. 25
4
11
450. 00
4
12
450.00
4
13
450. 00
4
14
450. 00
5
1
450. 00
5
2
380. 70
5
3
450.00
5
4
450.00
6
1
450.00
6
2
380.00
6
3
450. 00
6
4
450.00
Name of purchaser.
Price per
square mile,
Total cost.
R. H. Noble. . .
R. C. Hosty...
R. C. Hosty...
H. B. Hanford.
J. A. Hamilton
J. A. Hamilton
C. Backmeister
C. A. Stevens..
C. Kingcome. .
C. Kingcome . .
D.M.Clark...
D.M.Clark...
F. S. Jones
F. S. Jones
R. H. Wood...
R. H. Wood...
TO. 03^
.03^
• 03i
• 03A
.03J
.03^
.03j
•03J
.04§
.0394
.03J
.041
• osf
.0394
.031
.071
F15. 00 E
15.00
15.00
21. 98 E
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00^
21.00
15.00
15.00
22. 00
26. 00
15.00
17.00
33. 50
LOTS IN BUSINESS SECTION "B" SOLD ON OCTOBER 9,1909.
Benguet Commercial Company, Limited .
...do
....do
....do
....do
-...do
...do
...do
...-do
...do
....do
...do
....do
...do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
2
lA
391.76
2
2A
74.64
2
3A
23.85
2
4A
12.66
2
5A
51.30
3
lA
404. 76
3
2A
149. 16
3
9A
281.93
3
lOA
504. 67
3
llA
675.00
3
12A
675. 00
4
llA
278. 78
4
12 A
235. 32
4
13A
204. 35
4
14A
261.43
5
lA
450. 00
5
2A
430. 74
5
3A
431. 75
5
4A
310. 58
6
lA
450.00
6
2A
290. 24
6
3A
219. 75
6
4A
202. 88
F0.60
F235.0()
.60
44.78
.60
14.31
.60
7.60
.60
30. 78
.60
242.86
.60
89.50
.60
169. 16
.60
302.80
.60
405.00
.60
405.00
.60
167. 27
.60
141.19
.60
122.61
.60
156.86
.00
270. 00
.60
258. 44
.60
259.05
.60
186. 35
.60
270. 00
.60
174.14
.60
131.85
.60
121.73
LOTS IN BUSINESS SECTION "C" SOLD MARCH 5,1909.
2,838.20 Domingo L. Diaz.
ro.60 Fl,702.82
Index of lots sold in Baguio town site.
Note.— First figure indicates number of page; letter indicates section, and second figure indicates num-
ber of lot.
RESIDENCE SECTIONS.
Abena, Baltazar, 8 K/20; K/30.
Almazan, Lucio, 7 k/22; K/24.
Amazeen, John D., 3 D/2. ,
Anchita, Tomas, 7 K/8; 8 K/26.
Araneta, Gregorio, 3 D/7; 6 F/14.
Araullo, Manuel, 3 C/32.
Archbishop of Manila, 2 A/69; 2 A/70; 2 B/2; 2 B/3; 2 Improvements on Lot 69.
Andrews, R. J., 7 J/1.
Baldonado, Dona to, 8 K/41.
Bautista, Ariston, 3 C/23.
Bautista, Petrona, 6 F/25.
468 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Bautista, Felix, 8 K/39.
Baguio Country Club, 4 D/47.
Beattie, G. W., 6 F/6.
Belvis, Cirito,.8K/43.
Blanchard, R. D., 2 A/80.
Brent, C. H., 2 B/4.
Brias, Enrique, 2 C/5; 6 H/5; 6 H/6.
Bustaments, Francisco, 2 A/78.
Camiling, Fabian, 7 K/19; 8 K/51.
Campbell, Mrs. A. M., 3 C/20; 4 D/24.
Carino, Mateo, 2 A/79.
Carson, A. C, 4 D/21; 4 D/22.
Castro, V. 0., 8 K/28; 8 K/42.
Clute, F. R., 1 A/62.
Cole, E. H., 6 F/5.
Cole, O. S., 2 A/72; 5 D/68.
Clarke, L. A., 4 D/23.
Conant, C. E., 6 H/12; 7 H/18.
Cuyugan, M. E., 6 F/12; 6 F/18.
Cuyugan, Carlos, 6 F/20; 6 F/21.
Cuyugan, Consuelo, 8 K/35.
Danao, Frank, 7 K/16; 8 K/25.
Diaz, Domingo L., 7 K/4; 8 K/48.
Diaz, F. J., 8K/31; 8 K/49.
Donovan, W. H., 2 A/77; 5 D/64.
Douglas, D. D., 5 D/67.
Due, Jackson, 3 C/17.
Easthagen, A. M. 6 F/4; 6 F/23.
Fernandino, Manuel, 7 K/14.
Ferrer, Ciriaco, 7 K/7.
Floresca, Fausta, 8 K/32.
Floresca, Melquiadez, 8 K/GS; 8 K/61.
Forbes, W. Cameron, 5 D/69; 5 D/70.
Forbes, E. R. 6 F/15.
Fox, J. 7 H/16.
Fernandez, ilermanos 3 D/14.
Gal van, Gregorio, 7 K/10.
Garcia, Marcelino, 7 K/12; 8 K/40.
Gavito, Jos^ 2 A/85.
Goiti, Manuel, 4 D/16; 4 D/18.
Gonzales, Francisco, 1 A/66; 2 A/6'
Gonzales, Manuel, 2 A/64; 2 A/65.
Gonzales, Matias, 2 A/83.
Guerdrum G. H. 3 C/9; 6 H/4.
Gutierrez, Francisco 3 C/18.
Gutierrez, Eduardo y Repide, 8 K/37.
Hamilton, J. A. 6 H/2.
Hartigan, T. L. 5 D/74.
Hatheway, C. P. 2 C/3.
Haube, W. M. 6 F/8.
Heilbronn, J. P. 6 H/13.
Hermanos, Fernandez, 3 D/14.
Hess, Carl 6 F/H.
Higgins, H. L. 4 D/25; 4 D/26.
Houston, John W. 7 H/19.
Hongkong-Shanghai Bank, 5 D/75.
Ibolson, Isidoro, 2 A/73; A/74.
Jenkins, C. M. 4 D/28; 4 D/29; 5 D/72.
Jesuit Missionary Society, 9 K/68.
Jiminez, Antonio, 2 A/81.
Josue, Juan, 7 K/17.
Kingcome, Mrs. A. 4 D/46.
Kinney, T. C. 5 D/59.
Knust, John J. 7 H/14.
Lambert, Leon J. 6 H/11.
Legarda, Benito 1 A/54; 1 A/56.
Limjap, M. 3D/9; 3 D/10.
Lis, A. Bertran de, 5 D/49.
ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 469
Lis, A. Bertran de, Jr. 5 D/63.
Lis, Ignacio B. de, 3 C/7.
Lis, Mrs. de, 5 D/48.
Longaker, John W. 7 H/17.
Lopez, Maria S. 3 D/13.
Luzuriaga, Josefina, 5 D/61; 5 D/62.
Mallory, J. 4 D/35; 4 D/36.
Manade, M. 6 F/27.
Manuel, Juan, 7 K/21; 8 K/34.
Mapa, Victorino, 3 C/28.
Marshall, J. 4 D/33; 4 D/34.
Marquez, Mateo, 7 K/13,
Martinez, Roman, 2 A/75.
McClellan, Edgar A. 2 A/82.
McCullough, E. C. 5 D/53; 5 D/54.
McLeod, John T. 5 D/65; 6 H/3.
McLeod, Mrs. M. 3 C/11; 5 D/50.
McLeod, Miss Mary E. 4 D/44.
McLeod, Mercedes, 4 D/43.
McDonnell, P. G. 5 D/57.
Mendoza, Jos6 7 K/5; 8 K/63.
Menor, Angel, 8 K/44; 8 K/46.
Mir, Father Midel, 7 K/1.
Miranda, Vicente, 5 F/2.
Mission, M. E. 2 B/1.
Muscat, A. 4 D/37.
Muscat, F. 4 D/41.
Mumma, M. W. 6 F/17; 6 F/19.
Napkil, Petrona, 6 F/24; 6 F/25.
Noble, R. H. 3 C/19; 3 C/26.
Olsen, Walter E. 3 C/13.
Ortigas, Francisco 3 C/25.
Pan, Rafael del, 3 C/15; 3 C.27.
Parsons, Mr. 4 D/42.
Perez, Faustino 3 D/8.
Philippines Est. Sugar Dev. Co. 2 A/86.
Pineda, Camilio 8 K/53.
Ponce, Mariano, 8 K/36.
Powell, A. B.4D/19.
Prideauz, W. D. 4 D/17.
Prieto, Mauro, 1 A/38; 1 A/39.
Prieto, Antonio, 1 A/58; 1 A/60.
Prising, F. W. 4 D/30; 4 D/38; 5 D/73.
Reyes, Francisco P. 3 D/3.
Reyes, Epifanio, 8 K/57.
Reyes, Hermogenes, 8 K/55; 8 K/59.
Reyes, Luz C. de 3 C/29. ,
Reyes, Rafael, 3 D/6; 3 D/11. «
Reyes, Vicente 6 F/10.
Roces, Filomena, 1 A/35; 1 A/37.
Rosario, Arcadio, 4 D/15.
Rosario, S. del, 4 D/20.
Rosario, Lauranio, 7 K/9.
Sackerman, C. 6 H/7; 6 H/9.
Salas, Santiago, 7 K/15.
Schley, Edna R. 6 F/13.
Schweickert, G. 0. 5 D/60.
Scott, J. A. 6 H/1.
Scudder, S. 0. 5 D/55.
Shea, C. 3 D/1.
Silvestre, Jos6 3 D/12.
Smith, Harry E. 6 H/8; 6 H/10.
Smith, J. W. 7 K/IL
Smith, West G. 4 D/31; 4 D/32.
Stafford, H. Eugene, 3 D/4; 3 D/5.
Stevens, C. A. 4 D/27; 4 D/40; 5 D/71.
Strong, Dr. R. P. 5 D/51; 5 D/52.
470 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Tanner, A. D. 5 F/3.
Tavera, T. H. P. de, 7 H/20; 7 H/21.
Teodoro, Donato, 8 K/45.
Thomas, J. B. 6 F/22.
Tolentino, Isidore, 7 K/23.
Tolentino, Zoilo; 8 K/33; 8 K/45.
Tolman, Thomas, 7 H/15.
Tuason, Agusto, 1 A/51; 1 A/52.
Tuason, Demetrio, 1 A/42; 1 A/44.
Tuason, Juan, 1 A/57; 1 A/59.
Tuason, Mariano, 1 A/53; 1 A/55.
Tuason, Teresa, 1 A/61; 1 A/63.
Valdez, Benito 1 A/40; 1 A/41.
V. A. P. 2 B/9.
Wagner, J. O. 8 K/27; 8 K/38.
Ward, A. S. 3 C/21.
Whitmarsh, H. P. 2 C/1; 5 D/56.
Wilson, J. R. 5D/58; 6 F/16.
Wolfson, J. N.2A/68.
Worcester, Dean C. 1 A/45.
Yandoc, Francisco 7 K/3.
Zamora, Felipe 5 F/1.
Zarate, Juan 7 K/6; 9 K/67.
Zinn, A. O. 5 D/66.
BUSINESS SECTIONS.
[Note.— First figure indicates number of page; letter indicates section; second figure indicates block num-
ber; and third figure lot number.]
Anderson, J. W. 10 A/3/3.
Backmeister, C. 11 A/4/13.
Benguet Commercial Company, Limited, 12 B/2/1A to 5A inc.; 12 B/3/1A, 2A, lOA
to 12A inc.; 12 B/4/11A to 14A inc.; 12 B/5/1A to 4A inc.; 12 B/6/1A to 4A inc.
Churchill, F. A. 10 A/3/1.
Clarke, D. M. 11 A/5/3; 11 A/5/4.
Diaz, Domingo, 12 C/ /I.
Elser, E. E. 10 A/3/2.
Guerdrum, Geo. H. 11 A/3/6; 11 A/3/7.
Hamilton, J. A. 11 A/4/11; 11 A/4/12.
Hanford, H. B. 10 A/2/7; 11 A/4/10.
Heilbronn, J. P. 10 A/2/10; 11 A/4/2.
Higham, F. J. 10 A/2/1; 10 A/2/2.
Hosty, R. C. 11 A/4/8; 11 A/4/9.
RECAPITULATION.
Residence lots:
Total number 243
To employees 94
To relatives 23
Business lots:
Total 82
Employees 15
Total lots sold 325
Total to employees 109
Total to relatives 23
SALE OF FRIAR LANDS IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
House of Representatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Tuesday, December 20, 1910.
The committee this day met, Hon. Edgar D. Crumpacker (acting
chairman) presiding.
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman), Crumpacker, Hamilton, Hubbard of Iowa,
Crraham of Pennsylvania, Parsons, Madison, Douglas, Jones, Page,
Garrett, Denver, Helm, and Rucker of Colorado.
Mr. Crumpacker. Gentlemen, yesterday Mr. Martin submitted 15
questions to be asked of Mr. Carpenter and he said that he would be
willing for Mr. Carpenter to answer those questions in writing in view
of the fact that Mr. Carpenter wanted to get away last night. Mr.
Carpenter has answered the c[uestions in writing and I have here the
questions and answers, and if the committee desires to hear them I
will read them.
Mr. Douglas. I suggest that they be read by the clerk for the
information of the committee.
Mr. Page. I suggest that they be entered on the record without
reading.
Mr. Hamilton. They might throw light on some future inquiry.
Mr. Page. Then I withdraw the suggestion.
Mr. Crumpacker read the questions and answers as follows :
Q. How far is nearest point of Carpenter purchase from the railroad by the nearest
road? — A. Approximately 4 miles to the railway station of Polo.
Q. Has this road been improved by the Insular Government or otherwise since
Carpenter's purchase? — A. To the best of my knowledge and belief this road (Nova-
liches to Polo) has not been improved by the Insular Government or otherwise since
my entry on the Tala estate in 1908, and it is passable for wheeled vehicles only
during the dry season of the year.
Q. Is the growth of Manila in the direction of the Carpenter purchase? — A. It is
not, nor is it probable for many years, if ever, as the principal cemetery of Manila is
in the part of the city lying in the direction of the Tala estate, and adjacent lands
just outside of the city limits, through which the Manila-Novaliches Road passes, are
too low to be desirable for building purposes when considered in comparison with
lands in other directions from and adjacent to the city. The desirable resident and
business sections of the city are extending, and by reason of port construction and for
other reasons must be expected to extend in the opposite direction, or toward Cavite.
Q. What trolley or other means of transportation are under way or proposed to, by,
or through the Carpenter tract? — A. No trolley, or other means oi transportation euch
as railways, tramways, etc., are under way, or probable for an indefinite period in the
future, if ever, to pass by or through the Tala estate nearer than the present main line
of the Manila and Dagupan Railway, with its station at Polo, mentioned in the answer
to the first question.
Q. How many Filipino tenants have you and how much lands have you subrented
to them? — ^A. Approximately 80. It is impossible for me to state with precision the
471
472 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
number of tenants I have at the present time, as the harvest of upland rice was com-
pleted about the time I left Manila, and perhaps some tenants have terminated their
relation to me because of entering employment in Manila or for other analogous reasons,
and doubtless additional tenants have been secured for the ensuing year by my
manager, who reported to me before my departure that quite a number had indicated
to him their desire to sow their upland rice on land within my holdings. There is no
written contract between the tenants and myself, as it is the local custom to make such
agreements orally. The land which my tenants are working under such agreements
aggregates more than 400 hectares, but I am unable to state the area with precision,
as the unit of area for the purpose of our agreement is the extension of land which can
be sown by a cavan of rice seed, somewhat more than a hectare.
Q. If you w^ere not their landlord, what would prevent their leasing the Tala lands
themselves directly from the Government? — A. To the best of my knowledge and
belief, my tenants are also lessees or purchasers of land (as a rule, low, wet, rice land)
on the Tala, Malinta, Piedad, or other adjacent estates, and have under lease or pur-
chase contracts all the land they desire. Through my manager and personally I have
urged them to take up additional land, and it is well known to them that I shall be
glad at any time, as I have been in the past, to transfer lands to them without charge,
but they decline on the ground that after the third or at most the fourth year the land
would be valueless to them, as it is not customary to continue the sowing of rice on
any given parcel of high land for more than that period. Nothing prevents them
from leasing the Tala lands except their own judgment.
Q. If the Government gave them the same protection and other advantages you
receive, what would prevent them from using the land? — A. Referring to the answer
to the preceding question, which I believe in part answers this, I would add that they
and all tenants on the Tala and Piedad estates enjoy the same protection which I do,
and the terms of my contract with the Government are considered by them unfavor-
able to the lessee by reason of the obligation to cultivate, which in the event of death
or loss for other reason of work animals is extremely onerous, if not impossible, for
them to comply with. They could not use the land if, as I understand the rule to be,
vacant lands on the estates may not be used by anyone except under lease or purchase.
Q. What advances have been made to your tenants by the Insular Government? —
A. I know of no advances having been made to my tenants as such or otherwise by the
Insular Government,
Q. Who applied to have the loan fund extended to your land as was done about four
months after your lease? — A. So far as I know, the loan fund was extended to the Tala
hacienda, of which my land is a part, upon my application. My application was
prompted by the hope that I could induce my cotenants on the Tala estate to apply for
loans from this fund to enable them to purchase work cattle, which they greatly needed,
and I understood that but little of the fund had been applied for on other estates.
Q. Have you personally advanced anything to them? — A. I have made advances in
cash and rice to many of my tenants, perhaps to about half the total number.
These advances are seldom, if ever, in excess of a total of |10 in cash or its equivalent
in rice. I have never made or received any interest charge.
Q. Do you expect the returns from your tenants to meet your payments for the land,
this without any material advance by you? — A. I do not expect the returns from my
tenants, i. e., any share in the crop which may pertain to me, to meet my payments
for the land during the lease period, i.e., three years. I do expect that beginning with
the fourth year the product of my tree plantations, the increase of my cattle, and my
share of crops raised by tenants will meet the annual payments on the lands which I
should purchase under the terms of my contract with the Government and the expenses
generally of the plantation as a whole. However, I shall not be surprised if during the
first and second years of the purchase period, i. e., the fourth and fifth years of occu-
pancy, I have a deficit to meet from my salary.
Q. Have you surrendered any lands to Filipinos except to such as were former occu-
pants of the estate? — A. I have surrendered lands to Filipinos whom I do not under-
stand to have been former occupants of the estate, to wit, to Mariano Crisostomo, whom
I understand to be a lawyer located in a small town about 10 miles or more up the rail-
road from Polo; to Maria Buendia, whom I understand to be a woman of some means
who lives in a town about 20 miles from the Tala estate; to Mariano Escueta, whom I
understand to be a native of the same town as Maria Buendia, and to several others
whose names I do not recall. These lands were surrendered by me under a general
authorization to the director of lands or his agent to make such leases to applicants
under the usual rules without consulting me unless the lands applied for were within
certain limits in which I was cultivating or planning to cultivate in the near future.
I had no discussion of the matter nor negotiations with any of these persons, with the
exception of Mariano Escueta, with whom I am slightly acquainted. The others are
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 473
strangers to me. In no instance have I received compensation for the relinquishment
of my rights in excess of such sums as had been paid by me to the Government on
account of the particular parcels of land concerned, which sums constituted credit on
account of future purchase and by transfer passed to the transferee.
Q. Have you sold or contracted to sell any lands leased by you? — A. I have not
sold or contracted to sell any lands leased by me.
Q. Have you re-leased any land leased by you? If so, at what ]:)rice or under
what conditions? — A. I have not re-leased any land leased by me unless there might
be included under this term the land which my subtenants hold for not to exceed
three years under conditions w^hich have been explained in the answers to previous
questions, either at this time or when I first appeared before the committee. In no
instance do I receive cash rental except in a few cases, in which the subtenant pays
me 1 peso per annum for a cavan of land — i. e., the area on which he oows a cavan
of rice seed — or a sack of rice at harvest time in lieu of the cash payment. In the case
of tlie share tenants I believe I have already stated in detail the arrangement, but
I wish to make clear the point that I fear I did not bring out plainly in answers pre-
viously given — that w^here the subtenant has his own cattle and l)ears the expenses
of breaking, sowing, harvesting, and thrashing his rice he retains practically the
entire crop, and it is only after the first or second year that I receive more than a nomi-
nal share, which is considered mere recognition of the relation existing between myself
and the subtenant so far as the ownership, or rather the control, of the land is concerned.
Q. Do you consider that ethics permit an officer of the insular government like
yourself to speculate in lands held in trust by the Philippine government? — A. I do
not consider my relation to the lands in question, or any other of the government
lands, that of speculation. I am pledged to the people, through the statements of
miyself and my manager during the past three years, to transfer my rights in the
cultivated land to my subtenants on their request, and in the vacant lands to any
applicant, without pecuniary profit to myself. I do not understand that friar lands
are held in trust in any sense, except the pledge to the bondholders by the Govern-
ment to devote the proceeds of the lease and sale of these lands to the payment of
the interest and the redemption of the bonds at no later date than v/hen due — approxi-
mately 21 years from this time. I considered very carefully whether there mxight be
any impropriety in my entering into the contract which I did regarding these lands
and felt confident that there was no impropriety in such a course. I discussed the
matter from that standpoint wuth representative people of all classes outside of the
Government service, as well as with officials, prior to entering into the contract in
question, and in no instance did I hear an expression of doubt as to the propriety
of myself, as assistant executive secretary or as executive secretary, entering into
the proposed contract with the insular government regarding the lands on the Tala
estate.
I certify on my oath that the foregoing questions and answers are correct and true,
to the best of my knowledge and belief.
Washington, D. 0., December 19, 1910.
Frank W. Carpenteti.
TESTIMONY OF MR. D. C. WORCESTER^Continued.
Mr. Douglas. Before you leave the San Jose estate there are a few
questions which I want to ask Mr. Worcester.
Mr. Worcester. I am prepared tliis morning to furnish a Httle
detailed information which was requested yesterday and which I
could not give at the moment. You asked about the number of
inhabitants of the island of Ilin. I find that it was 608 in 1903. The
number of inhabitants of Mangarin, which you will remember was
the largest settlement near the estate^ was 331 in 1903, but I am
very sure that not even such a number as that lives in the little vil-
lage, and that that number includes houses scattered out through the
woods. Iriran, the population of which I could not give, is so small
that it does not appear in the census as a separate barrio. Its popu-
lation is included with that of Sablayan, which is a town, and the
Eopulation of that town is 943. Now, I have remembered that there
as sprung up a barrio which does not appear on any of the maps,
called Caguray. It is about 12 miles south of the estate, and is to-day
82278"— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 34
474 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the most prosperous barrio in the vicinity of the estate. I should
think that it would be a place with twice as many inhabitants as
Mangarin, but it is of comparatively recent growth, and so it is not
included on any of the maps.
Capt. Sleeper thinks that Mr. Bruce asked for the personal afhdavits
of the shareholders of the three California companies which have
Eurchased public lands from the Government, in spite of the fact that
e was not required to do so, and we have cabled to Manila asking
whether the affidavits were furnished and requesting that if they
were copies be transmitted to the committee.
The Mr. Hathaway of whom I spoke as the only gentleman who
had ever given me any reason to believe that he represented corporate
interests desiring to obtain more than the legal amount of land was
Mr. F. II. Hathaway, of Saginaw, Mich., who left the United States
for the Philippines in the middle of May, 1905, and returned the latter
part of September, 1905.
Mr. Parsons. That is not right.
Mr. Worcester. I am making this statement from his own testi-
mony. He may have been mistaken as to when he returned.
Mr. Parsons. He sailed from Yokohama on the 1st of December.
Mr. Worcester. He subsequently testified before the Ways and
Means Committee of the House and before the Senate Committee on
the Philippines, his testimony being against the reduction of the duty
on Phihppine sugar.
I said that the rental paid by the friars was, according to my recol-
lection, 30 centavos per head for cattle, and I find that it was 20
centavos; that is, 10 cents in the United States.
Mr. Douglas. For the season ?
Mr. Worcester. For the year.
Mr. Sleeper. No; that is for the month.
Mr. Worcester. The director of land has furnished me the fol-
lowing statement:
The friars of the Recoleto order paid to the Government 20 centavos per head
per month for all animals, except calves, pastured on the San Jose de Mindoro estate.
This estate was vacated by the friars in May, 1909.
According to the report of the director of lands, dated Baguio,
May 5, 1910, there were 492 persons holding leases for friar lands
of more than 16 hectares each, and 82 persons who had purchased
more than 16 hectares each, or a total of 574 leases or sales made to
individuals, each in excess of 16 hectares.
Of the above 82 purchasers, 4 are Americans, and of the 492
lessees, 15 are Americans, 2 are Englishmen and 15 are known to be
natives, who were not occupants of the friar lands at the date of
purchase by the Government. From best information at hand, it is
estimated that all other lessees and purchasers appearing on the
list were actual and bona fide occupants in accordance with the
provisions of the friar land act.
I have obtained the actual total of sales and area occupied up to
the 1st of December. I find that the sales numbered 18,928 and
covered 149,413 acres. I will supply the same information with
reference to leases a little later.
I wish to call attention to an evident mistake in Capt. Sleeper's
testimony, on page 301 of the record, where Capt. Sleeper is made
to say that the friar lands are something over 400,000,000 acres in
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 475
extent. As the total acreage of the PhUippiDe Islands is only
74,000,000 and a few odd acres, that is an evident mistake. Capt.
Sleeper doubtless intended to say 400,000 acres. The actual ng-
ures are 396,690.20 acres. He intended to say 400,000 acres and
probably did say it, but the record does not.
Mr. Douglas. The total number of acres in the public doman?
Mr. Gakrett. The friar lands.
Mr. Douglas. The question here is:
What is the best estimate that you can make as to the number of acres of what you
call public lands?
Mr. Sleeper. Forty-five million acres.
Mr. Worcester. If you will look a little further you will see the
question :
How many acres are there or were there originally of the friar lands purchased by
the Philippine Government?
Mr. Douglas. I beg your pardon.
Mr. Worcester. Illustrating my statement as to the impractica-
bility of making a rectangular system of surveys apply to either the
occupied or vacant lands, I would like to submit lor the informa-
tion of the committee a little sample plat of the lots on a part of
one of the estates. You will then perhaps also understand why it
has not been easy to rush the surveys on account of the extreme
irregularity of the holdings.
Mr. Parsons. Wliat estate is this ?
Mr. Worcester. It is the Lolonboy estate.
Mr. Parsons. Do all these lines [indicating] indicate separate
parcels ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; except those showing roads.
Mr. Parsons. What does the other line there show ?
Mr. Worcester. Perhaps a subdivision of an original lot.
Mr. Douglas. I would like to ask whether or not that has just been
taken as an extreme illustration of the irregularity of the surveys or
is it, do you think, a fair sample ?
Mr. Worcester. A reasonably fair sample. We have here and
will be glad to show you the sheets showing all of a given estate, so that
you can see not a single parcel, but the entire series of lots.
Mr. Douglas. I suppose the irregularity results largely from the
fact that first the best lands were taken and that afterwards the sub-
sequent land seekers or grantees took what was left ?
Mr. Worcester. It is partly that, sir, and partly the result of the
fact that the friars did not make any special effort to let the land in
lots of regular size. There has been more or less interchange of land
between the tenants. They would have a mango tree here, some
bananas there, and a bamboo clump somewhere else, and when we
came to fix the boundaries they insisted on having their land in such
shape as to take in these several things which they wished for. We
tried very hard to get them to agree to exchange lands so as to simplify
the surveys, but we found that we could not do it without causing a
great deal of trouble.
Mr. Douglas. What is the scale of that map ?
Mr. Worcester. Capt. Sleeper, what is the scale of that map ?
Mr. Sleeper. It is reduced from a large map, and is not drawn to
any particular scale.
476 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Have the valuations been plotted on that estate?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. When; since the date of your report?
Mr. Sleeper. Since the date of the report.
Mr. Parsons. Have you one of those for the Piedad estate ?
Mr. Sleeper. We have them for all the estates.
Mr. Parsons. Here?
Mr. Sleeper. No, sir; at the office. I will bring them.
Mr. Worcester. Illustrating my statement as to the eiforts which
had been made to bring the facts relative to the means of acquiring
fublic lands to the attention of the natives and to interest them in it,
would like to submit for the information of the committee these
copies of pamphlets in English, Spanish, and various native dialects,
which have been widely scattered through the islands. I do not
care to have them included in the record.
Mr. Douglas. I do not think it possible to include them in the
record.
Mr. Worcester. I think the printers would resign if asked to set
up some of them.
Mr. Douglas. I wouki like to ask you just two or three general
questions relating to the San Jose matter, which you can answer in
your own way.
Either in Mr. Martin's statement before the committee or in his
speech on the floor, I do not now recall which, he stated that the
opinion of the Attorney General with reference to the validity of the
sales to a single individual of more than a limited amount of friar
land had been anticipated by the officials of the insular government
and that this anticipation indicated a conspiracy on the part of the
officials of the Philippine government, the officials of the Insular
Bureau, and men in the executive departments of the United States
Government, to dispose of these lands contrary to law under the
expectation that the Attorney General would in his opinion justify
the sales. What have you to say in a general way in reference to
that matter ?
Mr. Worcester. The opinion of the Attorney General of the
United States was not awaited in the Philippine Islands in connec-
tion with the transaction. Capt. Sleeper and I had ourselves drafted
and secured the passage of an act which removed the limitation that
had previously existed, imposed by the friar-land act, upon the sales
of unoccupied friar lands. We ourselves had no doubt as to the
validity or that act, but at the time the question was raised we
secured the opinion of the law officer in the bureau of lands and sub-
sequently, in fact, immediately after Messrs. Prentiss and Poole
raised the question, w^o asked for the opinion of the attorney general
of the Philippine Islands, the only opinion we had the right to ask
for in the premises. The request for the opinion of the Attorney
General of the United States was made, as I understand it, for the
benefit of the people who wished to purchase. That was not con-
trolling in our case at all. The reason why action was suspended was
not that we might await the rendering of that opinion, but was
afforded by the telegram of Gen. Edwards, dated November 23, 1909,
and addressed to the Governor General, stating that the Secretary of
War d,esired full information by cable relative to the sale of the
Mindoro estate and further desired that the sale should not be con-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 477
summated until he had considered the question. That, of course,
was conclusive upon me.
At that time the sales certificate was lying on my table, awaiting
signature and I let it lie there until I received a cablegram from the
Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, addressed to the Governor
General under date of December 4, 1909, which stated that the Sec-
retary of War approved the sale of the San Jose estate at the re-
q[uest of attorneys for purchasers and further stated that the ques-
tion referred to in the Governor General's telegram of November 23,
would be submitted at once to the Attorney General for an opinion.
That was the first intimation, as a matter of fact
Mr. Parsons. Did you read the cable from the Bureau of Insular
Affairs ? It is corrected in my copy.
Mr. Worcester. The telegram here reads as follows:
AVashington, December 4, 1909.
Forbes, Manila.
Referring to telegram from your office of the SOth ultimo, the Secretary of War
approves sale of San Jose estate at the request of attorneys for purchasers. The
question referred to in your telegram of November 23 will be submitted at once to
Attorney General for an opinion.
Mr, Douglas. That telegram has been corrected in red ink and
reads as follows:
Referring to telegram from your office of the 29th ultimo, the Secretary of War
approves sale of San Jose estate. At the request of attorneys for purchasers the ques-
tion referred to in my telegram of November 23 will be submitted at once to Attorney
General for an opinion .
Mr, Worcester. I suppose that has probably been corrected from
the copy of the cablegram as sent from here. As received at Manila
it seems to have varied slightly in punctuation, but as far as I can see
that does not change the result in any way.
Mr. Douglas. I do not say that it does or does not.
Mr. Worcester. In other words, the opinion of the Attorney
General of the United States was requested on this matter, not as a
basis for the determination as to whether the sale might be made,
which is passed upon in this communication by the Secretary of War,
but in order to quiet the minds of the purchasers as to their right to
obtain the land.
Mr. Garrett. These cablegrams are sent in cipher, are they not ?
Mr. Worcester. I think they are usually sent in cipher, not
always. The only object of a cipher in the case of a cablegram like
this would be to reduce the cost.
Having then received the approval of the Secretary of War for the
transaction on the day after tliat cablegram was received, which was
probably the 6th of December, I signed the sale certificate and
returned it. It is not customary to affix the date of my approval,
but the date of the approval of the director of lands is the one pro-
vided for in the blank forms. So there is no way of saying exactly
when my signature was affixed, but I remember distinctly the
governor general's informing me in the evening that the approval of
the Secretary of War had been received by cable, and the following
morning the cable was sent in to me and I signed the sales certificatCc
Mr. Garrett. Do you remember particularly whether this cable-
gram was in cipher ?
478 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. I do not know. It would have come to me in
translation and without the original. The original cipher is never
sent out.
So far as concerns the allegation that a large amount of work was
performed on the estate, Mr. Martin has placed his faith in news-
paper statements about what was accomplished. I investigated
that matter on- the ground and interrogated Mr. Bruce in Manila and
learned from him that before the signing of this sale certificate not
a stroke of work was done on the San Jose estate. The first ship-
ment of supplies for use there was stated by him to have been made
on December 14, 1909, and investigation at the office of the steam-
ship company showed that a shipment was made on that date. I
myself was on the estate as late as last July, and at that time there
was no considerable area in cultivation, much less had there been
at this earlier time. I saw one experimental plot of ground, which
may have had an acre in it, planted with cane, and I was told that
there were a number of additional plots of that kind scattered
through the estate to try out the soil. I know by direct informa-
tion from Mr, Poole, vv^hose word I have no reason to doubt, that no
planting of cane for the purpose of the commercial production of
sugar had even then been made.
Mr. Parsons. What had been done on the estate when you was
there ?
Mr. Worcester. The framework of a pier at the end of the rail-
way had been largely completed. I should say that the pier was
about ready for the planking. The grade of the railway for 4 or 5
miles had been roughly completed, though no track was laid. One
or two temporary culverts, wooden bridges, I should say rather than
culverts, had been constructed over small streams, and houses had
been erected for the workmen.
Mr. Parsons. Dormitories or what ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. Most of them were in the nature of
long sheds, wliich were divided into compartments. They had just
begun at that time the erection of individual houses for people who
preferred to live in that way.
Mr. Parsons. For families or individuals?
Mr. Worcester. For families or groups of people who wish to live
together, four or five men in tlie same place. There was a hospital,
a very nice little building. There was a house where the supervising
force of the plantation lived, a stable, some wells, some facilities for
storing plows and cultivators. Tliab is all I remember.
Mr. Parsons. Weie those on the estate itself?
Mr. Worcester. On the estate; yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. What had been ckme on the land occupied by the
three agricultural companies?
Mr. Worcester. Nothing, so far as I know, at that time.
Mr. Parsons. Had any of the railroad tracks been laid across any
of them ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. No track had been laid.
Mr. Douglas. I wish you would state, as briefly as you may, your
opinion as to tlie sale of the San Jose estate in bulk, whether or not
it was in the public interest both in the relation of the payment of
the debt and income of the government and in reference to the gen-
eral advancement of the conditions of life in the islands ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 479
Mr. Worcester. The primary reason for disposing of tliis estate
was, of course, that the Government had paid for it nearly $300,000
gold; that the interest on the investment and the small adminis-
trative charges had increased the necessary price at which it could be
sold to $367,000 gold; that this price was constantly and rapidly
increasing and would, in the natural course of events, have made it
impossible to sell the estate at all without first amending the friar-
land act so that we might reduce the cost which we were required to
collect for it. The interest on the investment formed a charge against
the Government of the Fihpino people. Its income is by no means
large, and $100,000 looks a great deal larger to us out there than to you
gentlemen here. We do not have the Treasury of the United States
behind us. The sale of the estate would result in maldn<^ it an income
producer instead of an income consumer. The estate is situated in
what we term a special Government province as distinguished from
a regularly organized province. The term applies to provinces in a
primitive state of development where a large proportion of the
inhabitants are non-Christians, and in those provinces there is collected
a tax of one-half of 1 per cent on real estate and also on improve-
ments and on personal property in excess of $100 in value.
If a man's total property, both real and personal, amounts to less
than $100, no tax is collected. The sale price of that estate would
be adopted as the basis for taxation upon it, and the income at one-
half of 1 per cent would be by no means inconsiderable.
Attention has been called to the fact that the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. was capitalized for $1,000,000, or, rather, that its capital
was promptly increased to $1,000,000, and it was thought that that
showed that the company was going to undertake the development
of this estate. On my way back from the Philippines this time I
visited the Ewa plantation in Hawaii, where the percentage of extrac-
tion of sugar has just passed 95, and I was told that the mill, just as
it was, which handles the cane from about 1,000 acres of land, had
cost $1,000,000 gold. The tax on such a mill would not by any
means be a small matter. However, there is another reason to
wluch I desire especially to call the attention of this committee.
Mr. Parsons. Before you leave that point, when would that tax
be collectible ? You could not collect the tax on this land until the
final installment has been paid ?
Mr. Worcester. We could not collect the tax until the title had
passed. The tax on the 200 hectares which has been conveyed to the
Mindoro Development Co. will be collectible during the next fiscal
3^ear.
Mr. Parsons. If this mill is erected on that land you get the tax
on it ?
Mr. Worcester. The tax on the improvements of the railway and
so on can be collected at the present time as fast as the work is com-
pleted and the readjustment of tax lists is made.
Mr. Parsons. When you were there had anything been done on the
mill site ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. The question of the proper place for the
mill in connection with a large tract of land is one of a great deal of
complexity. There must be an adequate supply of good water, as I
understand it, and the question of the geographical relationship of the
mill to the ground on which the cane is to be produced is also of
480 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
importance. It is desired to have things so adjusted as far as pos-
sible that the loaded cars will come to the mill on a down grade and
the empties will go back on the upgrade.
Mr. r ARSONS. On the map shown us^ as a matter of fact, is not the
mill site on higher ground ?
Mr. Worcester. Probably on higher ground than part of the estate,
but as far as my personal observation goes practically all of the fairly
level land on the estate slopes quite gently toward the sea.
Mr. Garrett, I understand you say that the sale price would be
taken as the basis for fixing the rate of taxation ?
Mr. Worcester. That is our usual procedure.
Mr. Garrett. Would that be done in the case of the Mindoro
property; that is, the 200 hectares that have been conveyed to the
Mindoro Development Co. ?
Mr. Worcester. I think that would be the basis.
Mr. Garrett. How long would that be the basis of taxation ?
Mr. Worcester. My recollection is that in the special government
provinces there is no specific provision in law relative to the revision
from time to time of tax values.
Mr. Garrett. I was just wondering how long it will be before the
improvements will be taken into consideration.
Mr. Worcester. The improvements would be taxed the first
year after they are made.
Mr. Douglas. If they built a mill it would be taxed the first year ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. So when you say that the sale price would be taken
as the basis for taxation 3^011 mean so far as it remains unimproved.
As soon as it improved
Mr. Worcester. I was referring only to the land. I think I said
that the improvements would be taxable immediately.
Mr. RucKER And separately?
Mr. Worcester. And separately.
Mr. Parsons. Do you tax the land separately from the improve-
ments ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. RiJCKER. That is what he said.
(At this point in the proceedings Mr. Olmsted took the chair.)
Mr. DouCxLAS. Now, will you proceed ?
Mr. Worcester. I had started to say that there was another reason
why those of us who are interested in the agricultural development of
the Philippines rejoiced over this sale of a large tract of sugar land to
men who were believed to represent capital enough to develop it and
install a modern sugar mill or insure its installation, and bring about
the use of modern machinery. The situation as to the production
of sugar in tlie Philippine Islands, taking the islands as a whole, is in
an almost incredible condition of backwardness. We still have in
many regions the 2 vertical wooden rollers turned by man power or
by a single water buffalo or carabao, for pressing the juice out of the
cane. A contrivance of that sort leaves probably 55 or 60 per cent of
the sugar in the cane and the crushed cane comes through so wet that
one can take it in his hands and actually wring the juice out of it.
We have not to-day really anything approaching a modern sugar mill
in the Philippine Islands.
ADMINISTEATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 481
We have not to-day, to the best of my knowledge and behef , such
a thing as an irrigated fiekl of sugar cane in the Phihppines, although
we have water in numerous sugar-producing regions which, without
the great expense of pumpin;^, so often necessarily incurred in other
places, can be put directly on the land. The people have little idea
of improving their seed, and their methods of cultivation leave much
to be desired. Plowing is still done by animals in regions where it
might be better and more profitably done by traction engines. We
have constant complaint from the island of Negros that the number
of draft animals is not anything like sufficient, and though a great
many of them desire to cultivate the land, it is useless, in my opinion,
and my opinion is based on 15 J years of observations, to expect to
influence the Filipino agriculturists, as a whole, in matters of this sort
by reports or by word of mouth. They imitate, and that is about all
they are willing to do. They must be shown by practical demonstra-
tion. They can not conceive what a modern sugar mill is like. They
have never seen one, and they have no basis on which to build up
ideas as to what such a thing really means. The modern mill could
take the cane as they throw it away, after they have gone to all the
expense of cultivation, harvesting, and grinding, and make a hand-
some profit out of the sugar which now goes to waste. At the Ewa
mill they told me that they had passed 95 per cent extractions and
were now working for 96 per cent.
Compare that, if 37^ou please, with our 40 to 60 per cent extraction
and it must be evident to all that we can not go into the sugar markets
of the world with our product, and that the sugar industry of the Phil-
ippine Islands can not be properl}^ developed unless we adopt modern
methods and modern macliinery both for cultivation and for extrac-
tion. We can continue to do what we do to-day — get the small
amount of sugar which is used in trade among the people themselves,
to supply local needs, and ship a little sugar of comparatively inferior
quality — but if this industry is to reach anything like its legitimate
development we must have modern methods and modern appliances.
I have myself in the past advocated the establishment of a modern
sugar mill in the island of Negros at the expense of the Government
simply as a demonstration for the benefit of the people; and in his
message to the legislature this year Gov. Forbes recommended the
financing by the Government of sugar centrales, which would take the
cane of the natives and grind it in order that they might see for them-
selves and be encouraged to engage in similar enterprise. It is my firm
conviction that the establishment of one modern sugar estate an}^-
w-here in the Philippine Islands, to which the people will be brought
as laborers from surrounding provinces, as is being done in the case
of the San Jose estate, will be worth more to the natives of the Phil-
ippines than all the agricultural colleges which you could put in a
row a mile long. It is the practical kind of instruction which appeals
to them and w^hich they are willing to follow. Indeed, we have been
glad to have Filipinos go as laborers to the plantations of Hawaii
for the reason that w^e know they will come back and tell their people
what they have seen, but it has seemed ridiculous that it has been
found profitable by the common laborers of the Philippine Islands to
leave the archipelago and go clear to Hawaii. If we had modern
sugar plantations
Mr. Douglas. Do they come back, as a rule?
482 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. We do not know yet, the thing has not worked
out long enough, but it is safe to say that they will come back,
because they are attached to their homes. Now, one important
result of the establishment of this estate has been to raise the daily
wage. The daily wage used to be 40 centavos, which is 20 cents
in gold; the wage paid on the San Jose estate is 80 centavos — in
United States money that is 40 cents — for common labor, ordinary
labor, and 1 peso for labor on construction work. In other words,
the wage has already been doubled. There would be employment
for 2,000 or 3,000 people at the present time if they could be had,
and the number required will largely increase. So that one of the
burdens that the people are called upon to bear, as the result of the
alleged introduction into these islands of a grasping corporation, is
that their daily wage has been doubled, but we hope they will be able
to support that burden without difficulty.
Mr. Hamilton. Do the natives resort to the fertilization of their
lands in any way ?
Mr. Worcester. I have never known of any fertilization of sugar-
cane fields, sir, other than that involved in the burning of the leaves
on the ground and the plowing in of the ashes.
Mr. Hamilton. The farming is entirely unscientific?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. I should like to ask the gentlemen of
the committee to look at the illustrations in this bulletin on the
sugar industry in the island of Negros. You must remember that
the island of Negros is the place where our sugar industry has reached
its highest development, and these pictures were taken without any
thought of their use in this connection. You will find how the thing
is done [indicating]. Here, for instance, is a carabao mill for the
extraction of sugar, and those mills are in very general use throughout
the islands to-day. We have some small steam mills, but as far as I
know we have nothing more than a three-roller mill in the islands
to-day.
Mr. Parsons. What sort of a mill is on the Calamba estate? Is
there not a mill on that estate ?
Mr. Worcester. Capt. Sleeper, can, perhaps, give you informa-
tion about that; I have not seen that mill myself. But if you re-
member that the mill on the Ewa plantation has 15 rollers, with
enormous hydraulic pressure, in addition to the crushers, you will
see that there is an enormous gap between tlie mills having machinery
of the really modern type and the mills we have.
Mr. Hamilton. A statement has been made that it was the general
purpose to exploit the friar lands and that this purpose of exploita-
tion was manifested by the passage of the act No. 1847. I think you
have not commented upon that phase of the matter. If you have,
I did not hear you.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. I shall be glad to take that up.
Mr. Hamilton. If you do not care to take it up now you can
take it up at the time that appears most logical to you.
Mr. Worcester. I shall be glad to take it up now. The word
^'exploitation'^ is used in two senses, and in my reply to Mr. Martin's
speech I have avoided using it, because it may have a double signifi-
cance. I understand he uses it in the objectionable sense. It may
mean simply legitimate commercial development. In that sense we
desire it.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 483
Mr. Hamilton. That is the sense in which you have been discuss-
ing the advisabihty of estabhshing sugar mills ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. Exploitation could mean the monopo-
listic absorption of the property of others and the restriction of the
development of an industry except along lines that some grasping
corporation marks out; in that sense it is objectionable from every
point of view. The charge has been made that we were delaying the
transfer of friar lands to occupants wth a view to holding them in
reserve and ultimately transferring them to greedy corporations. Of
course, the answer to that involves only an appeal to the facts. What
have we done with the friar lands? It show^s on the record tliat,
not only now but long before Mr. Martin made his speech, every
occupant on friar lands who desired to secure his holdings had been
absolutely protected. He had been allowed to purchase them or
had received a lease for them which conferred upon him the right to
purchase. And as time has gone by our good faith has been demon-
strated by the fact that just as rapidly as circumstances permitted
changes have been made from the lease column to the sales column,
and the occupants have purchased their holdings.
Mr. Crumpacker. A good many people occupying friar lands
abandoned them at the time of the insurrection?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. About how many tenants were there on those
lands at the time of the negotiation of the Paris treaty?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know that w^c have accurate information
as to the number of tenants on friar lands at the time of that treaty.
Mr. Crumpacker. My recollection is that you give it in your report
as about 16,000 tenants.
Mr. Worcester. That was the number, if I remember correctly,
sir, at the time we took over the lands, after the number had been
reduced by the disturbed conditions incident to war.
Mr. Crumpacker. At the time the friar lands were transferred to
the Philippine Islands ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the fact as to the number of natives,
who had formerly been tenants, returning to their ])ossessions after
peace had been established and the Philippine Government had
acquired title to the friar lands?
Mr. Worcester. The return has been gradual; some of them had
drifted away altogether and have never come back at all, but a great
many of them have come back.
Mr. Crumpacker. The organic act requires the Philippine Govern-
ment to give preference to those who were tenants at the time upon
the friar lands. What has been the policy of the government resj)ect-
ing the rights of former occupants who returned to their possessions
after the Philippine Government obtained title ?
Mr. Worcester. Not only has it been the policy of the government
to respect the rights of former tenants who returned, but it has been
the policy of the government to try to secure tenants for these estates;
to persuade those wdio had left them to return and to persuade others
who had never been tenants to occupy them. And we have treated
persons who had leases, even though they had not been original occu-
Eants, just as we treated those who had been original occapants, and
ave allowed them to have the right to purchase if they desired
to do it.
484 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. So those who desired to enter and occupy parcels
of friar lands, after your government obtained title, were given prefer-
ence as to the right of leasing and purchasing, the same as those who
were occupants at the time of the transfer of the title ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. I will secure and have inserted in the
record at this point, if you please, the opinion of our attorney general
under which we act in doing that ; we sought to get legal authoriza-
tion for doing it, so their status might be defined.
[Opinion of the Attorney General as to what lands of the so-called friar estates are now to be considered
as "vacant lands," and therefore requiring the publication of "bandillos/' as provided by section 3 of
act No. 1933, before such lands may be legally sold or leased by the director of lands, illustrating the fact
that all occupants of friar lands have been considered as having a preferential right to purchase their
holdings.]
Bureau of Justice,
Office of the Attorney General,
Manila, June 15, 1909.
Sir: I have the honor, in response to your letter of May 25, 1909, to submit an
opinion upon the following question:
What lands of the so-called friar estates are now to be considered as being ''vacant
lands," and therefore requiring the publication of "bandillos," as provided by section
3 of Act No. 1933, before such lands may be legally sold or leased by the Director of
Lands?
The second paragraph of section 11 of act No. 1120, was added to said section by
act No. 1847 and was amended by section 3 of act No. 1933 to read as follows:
''In case of lease of vacant lands, as well as in case of sale of same under the pro-
visions of section nine of this act, the director of lands shall notify the municipal
president or municipal presidents of the municipality or municii)alities in which
said lands lie before the same takes place. Upon receipt of such notification by said
municipal president or municipal presidents the latter shall publish the same for
three consecutive days, by bandillos, in the poblacion and barrio or barrios affected,
and shall certify all these acts to the director of lands who shall then, and not before,
proceed to execute the contract of lease or to make the said sale with preference, other
conditions being equal, to the purchaser who has been a tenant or bona fide occupant
at any time of the said lands or part thereof, and if there has been more than one
occupant to the last tenant or occupant: Provided, however, That no contract for the
lease of and no sale of vacant lands made in accordance with this section shall be valid
nor of any effect without the requisite as to publication by bandillos, above provided."
Said act No. 1933 was passed by the legislature on May 20, 1909, and was enacted
to take effect on its passage.
It would seem to be clear that the said amendment refers to lands which were
vacant at the time of the passage of said act No. 1933, and does not refer to all lands
which were vacant upon the date of the purchase of the friar lands by the Government,
some of which have since been leased by the Government to certain tenants not
included under the heading of " Actual and bona fide occupants."
The term "vacant lands" as used in said act can only mean lands that are unoccu-
pied and lying idle without being leased under the provisions of the friar-lands act.
When it is proposed to sell or lease any portion of such unoccupied lands it wall be
necessary for the director of lands to notify the municipal president, who will cause
bandillos to be published for three days in the poblacion and the barrio or barrios
affected, and when the municipal president shall certify such fact to the director of
lands the latter shall proceed to sell or lease said land, as the case may be, giving
preference to a former occupant of said land, if there be one, and if there has been
more than one occupant, to the last tenant or occupant.
The said act No. 1933 can not in any way affect or invalidate the contracts of lease
or the sales of such lands made since the purchase thereof by the Government and
before the passage of said amendment, but can only apply to leases and sales made
after its passage.
It follows therefore that all lands which were vacant at the time of the passage of
said act, or which later become vacant by surrender of leases or otherwise, are subject
to the provisions of said amendatory act.
Very respectfully,
Geo. R. Harvey, Solicitor General.
Director op Lands, Manila.
Approved :
Ignacio Villamor, Attorney General.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 485
Mr. Crumpacker. About how many tenants are there on the
friar lands now who hold under leases or certifictaes of purchase ?
Mr. Worcester. It is not possible to say with a very great deal
of accuracy. I judge from the figures we have for sales of the last
two months, which have just come to me this morning, and from the
figures as to leases, which are complete up to the 1st of October,
showing some additional leases still to be taken out, that the total
number of parcels will be somewhere in the vicinity of 4,000. Now,
that does not entirely represent the number of lessees, or the number
of purchasers, as the case may be. It happens sometimes that a
native has ten or a dozen little parcels scattered about, but roughly
the two things correspond; in a great many cases, in the majority
of cases, a native has one single parcel of land.
Mr. Crumpacker. In reading your report I gained the impression
that there were about 36,000.
Mr. Worcester. I beg your pardon. I misspoke myself; I
I should have said 40,000 and not 4,000.
Mr. Crumpacker. About 24,000 more than there were actual
occupants of the land at the time the title was vested in the Philip-
pine Government ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; taking it for granted that you mean
by actual occupants, heads of families, or those who would be likely
to own land or take out leases, and not the total population on the
estates.
Mr. Crumpacker. And what percentage of those who now hold
leases and certificates of purchase for friar lands are Filipinos ?
Mr. Worcester. A very large percentage; for practical purposes,
all of them. In that memorandum which I read this morning, stat-
ing the number of sales and leases in excess of 16 hectares, I fancy
you would find almost none are Americans or Europeans, for the
reason that it would be seldom the case that an American or a Euro-
pean would go to farming on one of those estates with an area of 40
acres or less; he would want more land than that or he would not
want any at all. I think that information can perhaps be furnished.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many evictions have there been of native
tenants on the friar lands ?
Mr. W^ORCESTER. Up to the 1st of July, at the time I made my
special report, there had been a total of 260, if I remember correctly.
Mr. Crumpacker. For what causes were those evictions made ?
Mr. Worcester, For nonpayment of rent or otherwise failing to
conform to the rules governing the rental of the estates; the nonpay-
ment of rent would be the almost invariable cause.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have there been any evictions under that pro-
vision of the Philippine statutes requiring an occupant of a parcel of
friar lands to designate or determine, within eight days after being
notified, whether he will become a lessee or purchaser of his posses-
sions ?
Mr. Worcester. As far as I know, none whatever, sir. That pro-
vision originated in the Philippine Assembly, and it was doubtless the
purpose of those who drafted it to throw a safeguard around the thing;
as a matter of fact, they accomplished no such result, because it had
always been our custom to give a very much longer period than the
one designated. If you read the act carefully, you will, I think, find
486 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
that all that is necessary in order that a man may be protected in his
right is that he shall indicate his desire to lease or purchase; it does
not require that he should more than express himself, after he is
requested by the director of lands or his agents, to state his wishes.
Mr. CiiUMPACKER. He is not required to lease or purchase within
eight days ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; only to advise us as to his then intention
in the premises.
Mr. Hamilton. For the purpose of getting the dates into the rec-
ord, what was the date of the passage of the organic act of the Philip-
pine Islands ?
Mr. Worcester. I have the act right here, sir; I will refer to it in
a moment. This copy I have here is the act as amended.
Mr. Crumpacker. It was passed in 1902.
Mr. Garrett. July 1, 1902.
Mr. Hamilton. When were the friar lands acquired, Mr. Worcester ?
Mr. Worcester. In 1903 and 1904, as I remember; I had nothing
to do with the purchase of those lands.
Mr. Hamilton. I simply want to get that in the record.
Mr. Worcester. I will verify that date and correct it, if my state-
ment is wrong. I had nothing to do with the purchase, 'and therefore
I did not attempt to fix it in my mind.
Mr. Hamilton. Of course, the public lands in the Philippine Islands
did not in any way include the friar lands ?
Mr. Worcester. They did not.
Mr. Hamilton. Is the title to the so-called public lands vested in
the United States and the title to the friar lands vested in the Philip-
pine Government?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. Not only did we purchase the friar
lands with our own funds, raised by a bond issue authorized by Con-
gress, but the act of Congress expressly states that these lands shall
form part of the public property of the Government of the Philippine
Islands.
Mr. Hamilton. The organic act made provision for the future
acquisition of the friar lands, as I remember it?
Mr. Crumpacker. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. I do not want to interrupt anything that you are
going to say, but when you get through, I would like to ask you a
question.
Mr. Worcester. I have not anything further to say.
Mr. RucKER. You were discussing the subject of exploitation and
I did not want to interrupt you.
Mr. Parsons. Before we leave this subject, ^ou spoke of the num-
ber of evictions and said there had been 260 judgments; there were
3,249 suits brought, as I understand it ? *
Mr. Worcester. You have probably turned to the table in my
report which shows that.
Mr. Parsons. And there were pending, on June 30, 1910, 289; is
that correct ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. That left 2,700 which were compromised. What
was the character of these compromises ?
Mr. Worcester. The people paid their rent and went right on.
We only brought suits enough to make them understand that they
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 487
must pay their rent ; you will remember they had refused for years to
pay any rent to the friars; and it was necessary, under those circum-
stances, that we should on occasions resort to the courts in order to
give them a good example and convince them of the fact that the rent
must be paid.
Mr. Parsons. Did these compromises have anything to do with
getting them to elect to purchase ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; the question of whether they should
purchase or whether they should lease has always been with us a
matter of entire insignificance; you see, the rental goes toward the
purchase price of the land; the only difference that came in there
was in the amount of the annual installments. Our purpose in the
matter of rentals has been to fix them at approximately 5 per cent
of the estimated value of the holdings.
Mr. Px\RSONS. So whether they rented or purchased you would get
enough to pay for the bonds by the time they matured.
Mr. Worcester. That is the idea; yes, sir. Now to continue this
subject of so-called exploitation. The object in acquiring the friar
lands was to get them into the hands of their occupants and to stop
the agitation in connection with them; in that object we have been
far more successful than was hoped, and we brought the change in
sentiment about in less time than we anticipated it would take. Our
method of dealing with these people in the first place was to enter
into leases with them on the basis of accepting their statement as to
what they had and their statements as to its value. Later we
changed those leases after a definite showing as to the facts, so there
could really be no question or complaint. The trouble involved has
been very much less than I personally anticipated. And if it had
been possible for this committee to come to the Philippine Islands
and go out on these estates and talk to the tenants, as we hoped you
would be able to do, you would have been able to satisfy yourselves
that there was a spirit of contentment among them. However, I
wish to say to this committee that on some of these estates this state
of contentment no longer exists; the tenants are full of apprehension;
they are coming to the various agents and asking when they are going
to be deprived of their lands. The reason for this is this attack which
has been made here. Word of it has been spread so that these poor
ignorant people who were really perfectly contented in the holding
of their lands, have been made to believe that some mysterious thing,
called a ^Hroost,^' as to the exact nature of which they are not
informed, is going to take those lands away from them.
The Chairman. Are these the people who hold more than 16
hectares ?
Mr. Worcester. All the people, because the charge has been made
that all the friar lands were involved in this scandalous transaction
that we wxTe ultimately going to force out the small tenant and turn
the lands over to the great corporations. Nothing is further from
our intention or ever has been. Our efl^ort has been not only to
protect actual occupants on the lands, but, as I have stated, to per-
suade other Filipinos to come on the lands. There has remained the
question of what was to be done with the lands which we could not
sell in that way, for the reason that there were no occupants, and no
small tenants willing to go on them. And that is a question of policy
upon which I shall ask to be heard before these hearings adjourn, but
488 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
I do not care to be heard until all the objections likely to be raised to
our policy have been made, in order that I may answer them.
Mr. Hamilton. I want to call your attention to a statement made
by Mr. Martin in his opening statement, to the effect that there have
been memorials or petitions presented in opposition, as I understood
him, to the method of handling friar lands. I think I have stated
that substantially as he put it.
Mr. Worcester. That is true, sir.
The Chairman. Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Martin did submit some copies
of petitions, newspapers, and so forth, but they were not, however, I
believe, placed in the record; it was decided the committee should
determine whether it shall consider the question of policy in this
matter at all.
Mr. Hamilton. I do not care to press the question, except that it
bore directly upon the statement made by Mr. Worcester that there
was a general condition of contentment among the people under the
present arrangement.
Mr. Worcester. I think I have said there was a general condition
of contentment among the tenants.
Mr. Hamilton. You also stated there was some apprehension
among the people in relation to what they called a 'Hroost?^'
Mr. Worcester. Because these charges have, of course, come to
the Philippines ; they have been widely disseminated by the local
press; the ''grapevine telegraph" has reached the people who are too
Ignorant to read the papers; distorted versions of these charges,
which, in themselves, were extravagant in the extreme, have reached
these people; they have no criterion to judge by; they do not know
the President of the United States or the Secretary of War or these
other people who are charged with being back of this movement. It
is a well-known fact that in Spanish days high ranking officials of the
Government did sometimes demean themselves by encouraging exploi-
tation in the objectionable sense of that word.
Mr. Hamilton. That was the custom under Spanish rule ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not like to discuss that subject very fully.
There were scandalous proceedings of that sort under Spanish rule.
Mr. Hamilton. I will not press that question at this time.
Mr. Worcester. If the statements made by Mr. Martin are
admitted in evidence then I request that I may be heard as to the
true nature of those statements.
Mr. Hamilton. I will withhold my question for the present. I
want to call your attention for a moment to pages 54 and 55 of your
report. You set out certain advantages accruing from the manage-
ment of the friar lands. Do you desire to add anything to those
statements as you have made them ? As I understand it, this state-
ment is going into the record.
The Chairman. Not so far, and I doubt that it will.
Mr. Worcester. In regard to that I wish to say that there is a
very wide difference between the charges which Mr. Martin has made
before this committee and the charges which he made in his speech
on the floor of the House. Now, if it is understood that the charges
which he made on the floor of the House are withdrawn and that
these charges he now makes before the committee represent his
present views of the matter, I have no desire to introduce m evidence
my report to the Governor General. If, however, it is understood
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPHSTE LANDS. 489
that the charges made on the floor of the House stand, I shall request
the committee to receive in evidence at the proper time my reply
to them, because that report was made carefully, with the documents
before me, and it is more comprehensive than any verbal statement
which I could make.
Mr. Hamilton. In this statement on page 54, under the first sub-
division, there is a statement as to the advantages accruing from the
sale and handling of these lands as they are being managed.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. I think I have already, in effect, car-
ried the evidence relative to that into the records in this case.
Mr. Hamilton. You have also set forth further in your testimony
the advantages to Philippine labor ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. Under the present arrangement ?
Mr. Worcester. That is given, as a matter of fact, on page 54,
the facts as to the increase in wages.
Mr. Helm. Am I correct in my understanding that tliese leases
carry with them the ultimate right of purchase 1
Mr. W^orcester. Every one of them.
Mr. Helm. Has there been a disposition on the part of anyone to
acquire these leases and transfer or sell that right of ultimate
purcliase ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; among the Filipinos themselves the
validity of that right has been recognized to such an extent that it
has been sold and bought.
Mr. Helm. A Filipino takes a lease and lie has the right to purcliase ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Helm. And the Filipino does transfer tliat right of ultimate
purchase to others ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Helm. In the main, are the transfers made to other Filipinos
or to those of different nationality?
Mr. Worcester. Almost invariably to other Filipinos. It is a
matter of small adjustmeuts between the holdings of neighbors, as a
rule.
Mr. Hamilton. Is this right of purchase a right wliich a lessee
would have under the law independent of any contract ?
Mr. Worcester. We hold that it is.
Mr. Hamilton. And can you cite, in that connection, the law?
Mr. Worcester. I have asked permission to introduce into the
record the opinion of tlie attorney general of the Philippine Islands
on which we have based that decision. I think that would be more
satisfactory than any statement I could make.
Mr. Parsons. I thought that opinion related to the right to recog-
nize returning tenants who occupied it at the time of the purchiuse?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. I understood Mr. Hamilton's question to refer to
something d iiferent .
Mr. Hamilton. My question was whetlier they would have the
right of purchase under the law independent of any contract?
Mr. Worcester. The friar-lands act contains a provision which
we hold to be mandatory u]^on us to convey.
The Chairman. When you s})eak of the friar-lands act, do you
refer to the act passed by the Piiili|)pine Government?
82278°— H. rtept. 22S9, G1--3 35
490 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. Act No. 1120 of the Philippine Legislature. To
save the time of the committee I will give to the stenographer the
passage in that act which we hold imposes upon us this obligation,
which we can not escape if we wished to do so.
(The matter referred to is as follows:)
Whereas by said section sixty-five of said act of Congress the Government of the
Philippine Islands is empowered to lease the said lands after their acquisition for a
period not exceeding three years, and to sell the same on such terms and conditions
as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions contained in said act
of Congress: Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be
payable in the money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the
bonds authorized to be issued and sold for the purpose of realizing the money neces-
sary to pay for said lands by section sixty-four of said act of Congress, and that said
deferred payments shall bear interest at the rate borne by said bonds: And provided
further, That all moneys realized or received from the sales or other disposition of
said lands, or by reason thereof, shall constitute a trust fund for the payment of prin-
cipal and interest of said bonds, and also constitute a sinking fund for the payment
of said bonds at their maturity: And provided further, That actual settlers and occu-
pants at the time said lands are acquired by the Government shall have the prefer-
ence over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within such reason-
able time as may be determined by said Government; and
Whereas the said lands are not "public lands" in the sense in which those words
are used in the public-land act, numbered nine hundred and twenty-six, and can
not be acquired or leased under the provisions thereof, and it is necessary to provide
proper agencies for carrying out the time of said contracts of purchase and the require-
ments of said act of Congress with reference to the leasing and selling of said lands
and the creation of a sinking fund to secure the payment of the bonds so issued: Now,
therefore,
By authority of the United States, be it enacted by the Philippine Commission, that:
* * -X- -K- -Jf * *
Sec. 7. Upon the vesting of the titles to said lands in the Government of the Philip-
pine Islands by proper deeds of conveyance, or sooner if so directed by the civil
governor, the chief of the bureau of public lands shall ascertain the names and resi-
dences of the actual, bona fide settlers and occupants then in possession of said lands
or of any portion of them, together with the extent of their several holdings and the
character and value thereof. He is also directed to ascertain from said occupants
whether they desire to purchase their holdings upon the terms prescribed in the suc-
ceeding sections.
Sec. 8. In case any occupant in possession does not desire to purchase his holding,,
but does desire to lease the same, then it shall be the duty of the chief of the bureau
of public lands, after vesting of title, to see that such occupant attorns in due form
to the Government and enters into a lease with the usual covenants and agrees to pay
a reasonable rental for the use and occupation of his holding. Such rental shall be
fixed by the chief of the bureau of public lands, but in no instance shall any lease
be made for a longer term than three years.
^ * -x- * * ^ -x-
Sec. 11. Should any person who is the actual and bona fide settler upon and occu-
pant of any portion of said lands at the time the same is conveyed to the Government
of the Philippine Islands desire to purchase the land so occupied by him, he shall be
entitled to do so at the actual cost thereof to the Government, and shall be allowed ten
years from the date of purchase within which to pay for the same in equal annual
installments, if he so desires, all deferred payments to bear interest at the rate of four
per centum per annum.
* ^ * * * * -x-
Mr. Hamilton. You have the same rectangular system of land
surveying in the Philippine Islands that we have here, have you not ?
Mr. Worcester. We survey in different units from those which
you employ here, but I suppose the system is in essence the same.
Mr. Hamilton. In the territory of Hawaii they have an entirely
different land system, but I have not had an opportunity to investi-
gate as to the rhilippine Islands.
Mr. Worcester. We have the rectangular system of surveying
there.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 491
Mr. RucKER. You have spoken of the primitive mills and methods
of making sugar; do you mean the crude sugar?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; we make nothing but crude sugar.
Mr. KucKER. There is no refinery over there?
Mr. Worcester. There used to be a small refinery at Malabon, a
short distance north of Manila; m}' impression is that has loug since
gone out of business.
Mr. RucKER. What is done with this crude sugar that is made over
there ?
Mr. Worcester. It is put into bags made of
Mr. RucKER. I do not care what kind of bags they are, but where
does it go ?
Mr. VfoRCESTER. Some of it is used locally; in a good many places
they grow only little patches of sugar cane, from which they brew
a drink they call ^^basi/^ and sugar is sometimes made and stored in
small quantities for local use. But in the sugar-producing region of
the island of Negros the sugar is regularly shipped to Iloilo, which is
the port of export.
Mr. RucKER. And some of it is shipped to China and some of it to
this country ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. RucKER. You import considerable refined sugar from China I
Mr. Worcester. We import it from Hongkong.
Mr. RucKER. The refineries are at Hongkong ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Rucker. Do you know about how much sugar per annum is
imported into the Philippines ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir; but I will be glad to give you
the figures to-morrow morning. I can save the time of the committee
in that way; I have the documents here which will afford that
information.
Mr. Rucker. In addition to that please state how much is exported
and to what ports.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Right in that connection I want to ask some ques-
tions. Where do those refineries at Hongkong get their sugar outside
of the Philippines ? Do they get it from Java ?
Mr. Worcester. I really can not tell you, but I presume they do.
Mr. Parsons. What is the relation between the sugar industry in
Java and the sugar undustry in the Philippines ? How much more
modern is it in Java ?
Mr. Worcester. I understand they have the most modern
appliances and machinery in Java. However, I have never visited
that island.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is it your understanding that the Mindoro
Development Co. is to refine sugar as well as to manufacture it ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; my understanding is they will simply
make ordinary commercial sugar.
Mr. Crumpacker. Raw sugar ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, the practice is largely to ship raw sugar
from the islands over to China and import refined sugar for the use
of those who desire refined sugar ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
492 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. What tariff do you have to pay on sugar from
Hongkong ?
Mr. Worcester. I really can not tell you, sir, but I will find out
and give the information later.
Mr. Crumpacker. There is a duty ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; there is a duty.
Mr. Hamilton. It is the same duty as the United States has, as I
understand it.
Mr. Parsons. Some of that can be shipped to the United States?
All of it will not go to Hongkong ?
Mr. Worcester. It will not all go to Hongkong.
Mr. Parsons. AVliat has been the effect of the tariff act on the
price of sugar shipped to Hongkong ? Has it had any effect on that
sugar ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir. The effect of the tariff act
has been greatly to encourage sugar growing; there has been a
marked stimulation of the sugar industry in Negros and other places,
and the planters are cheerful and happy; they believe that at last
they are going to make money; they have actually been making
money, I am told.
Mr. Parsons. One point made by the Taft party in 1905 was that
free trade in sugar or the lowering of the duties would give the Philip-
pines another market, that they only had the Hongkong refineries as
their market, and the result would be they would get higher prices
from the Hongkong refineries, and not all of their sugar would neces-
sarily come to the United States. Do you know whether that has
happened ?
Mr. Worcester. The belief was, sir, that when there was com-
petition and when we had another place where we could dispose of
our sugar, the prices in China and at Hongkong would increase; I do
not know whetlier that has as yet occurred or not.
Mr. Hamili^on. Is the expense of refining sugar so great that it
would not be })ossible for tlie P]iiU])pine Islands to build a sugar
refinery there after tliey had entered upon the industry on a con-
siderable scale ?
Mr Worcester. I think it would be entirely possible to do it, but
whether we could successfully compete with Hongkong or not I am
not prepared to say.
Mr. Hamilton. I think I am right in saying that in Hawaii, for
instance, wliere they produce a great deal of sugar, they do not refine,
but largely ship their raw sugar to the United States, and then buy
back the refined product. It always seemed to me a rather remark-
able state of affairs; I can not understand why they do not refine their
own sugar on the ground, instead of making it and transporting it to
the refineries in this country.
Mr. Douglas Wlien we were returning from Porto Rico I was told
by Mr. Iledeman, who is at the head of the Union concern, Honolulu,
and probably the greatest sugar engineer of the country, that there
was no place in the world now or then — I do not remember just when
it was— -where sugar was made and refined in the same mill, but that
the Japanese proposed to do it in Formosa.
Mr. Parsons. Did he say why ?
Mr. Douglas. He said, as I recall it, it was due to the fact that
refining on anything but a very large scale was not very profitable,
ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 493
that the large refineries were bale to do the work at so much less ex-
, pense and it was more profitable for the raisers of cane and makers of
sugar to sell the raw sugar and have it refined.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is it not true that in the Philippines the great
bulk of the natives use raw sugar ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What ])ercentage of the people in tlie Philip-
pines buy and use refined sugar, if you have any idea ?
Mr. Worcester. I could not answer that question, sir. My state-
ment that most of the people use raw sugar is based on my personal
observations in traveling among them; when you get out in the
provinces, away from the large towns, tiiey are very apt to give you
unrefined sugar.
Mr. Crumpacker. I understand your idea is tliat the construction
of a modern sugar mill on a plantation in the Phili])pine Islands
would stimulate the natives to em])loy more modern methods of
cane growing and sugar making.
Mr. Worcester. I have no doubt, sir, that it will liave precisely
that effect, and no doubt that it will lead them ultimatcdy to combine
to raise the necessary capital and install central( s of their own. I
did not conclude m}^ statement as to the practicability of refining in
the Philippines. In Hongkong they have very cluni]) Chinese labor;
in the provinces our daily wage averages half a ])eso — tliat is, 25
cents in gold — but in Manila it is much greater than that. For
reasonably skilled labor in Manila a peso, I suppose, would be a
fairly conservative estimate.
Mr. Parsons. Wliat is the labor cost in Hongkong?
Mr. Worcester. I could not t(dl you.
Mr. Parsons. I wish 3 ou would enlarge upon the state ment you
made a few^ moments ago about the effect upon the Filipinos, by
showing how, in your oi)inion, it is going to benefit these small
native growers, or the men who want to take up 16 hectares of land
and put it in sugar.
Mr. W\)Rcester. I tliink it is certain to benefit the small grower,
for this reason: The Filipino is not fond of serving as a chiy laborer;
he prefers the system to which he is accustomed, tliat of working on
shares, of working with some one to ])roti ct him, as he says; he likes
to be in the '^sombra,' or shadow, of some one, of some one wdio will
look after his interests. Now, it has proved to be the case on the
Hawaiian plantations that it is advantageous to let out the cane
fields under cane-cultivating contracts, by which a man takes a
smaller or larger tract of cane to cultiA^ate and gets a percentage of
the returns. This has been their actual experience. I was so informed
by three representatives of the sugar industry there, who were in a
position to speak with authority, when I visited the Ewa plantation,
a few days ago. That system is perfectly ada])ted to the poorer
Filipino; if he can have a couple of carabaos and be allowed about
5 or 10 acres of cane, have his cane milled, and be given a fair per-
centage of the profits, it is a system that will suit him completely.
Mr. Parsons. In order to have it done economically, woukl lie not
have to have the plowing done by steam plows or the cultivation
done on a large scale 1
Mr. Worcester. Yes; probably in preparing the land.
Mr, Parsons. How will that affect him ?
494 ADMIISriSTRATIOlSr OP PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. He would have to contract, then, to cultivate the
cane.
Mr. Parsons. Would not that impede the tendency to small
ownership of lands ?
Mr. Worcester. We are indulging in pure theory. At the present
time there is not in the Philippines Islands a modern sugar planta-
tion. It remains to be seen whether you can employ labor in the way
in which we would employ it here or whether it may not ultimately be
necessary to continue the system that we have in the Philippines at
present, and let the tenants settle on the land and do all of the work,
mcluding the plowing, in their own way. I should say that on the
great San Jos6 estate, where the land is very level and free from stones,
the plowing of the land might be done by machinery by the large
owner, if he had tenants on the place, and it probably would be made a
consideration; that is, the natives would take contracts for the plant-
ing and subsequent care if the owner had to plow it himself. It
might be done that way, but that remains to be determined; that is
theory. I have no facts upon which to base the statement, because
it has always been done the other way.
Mr. Page. Would not that make the Filipino a tenant rather than a
landowner and cultivator of lands ?
Mr. Worcester. A very considerable number of Filipinos would
be tenants. But you must remember that there would always be
Filipinos of ability and of means who would be having tenants under
them; it would not be only the Americans or the Europeans who
would do this. We have Filipinos who are extremely intelligent and
capable business men. You would have there what you have in
Hawaii; different men would find employment according to their
varying abilities and training; you would have Filipino engineers in
connection with the sugar factories; of that I am perfectly satisfied.
The largest engine room in my department and the second largest of
the Government in Manila is to-day exclusively operated by Filipinos
and extremely well operated; we get economy in fuel consumption
and really have scientific management of our machinery. You
would have Filipino chemists. We have sent 3^oung men to this
country to be educated in chemistry and they have returned, and a
number of them are to-day employed by the bureau of science, and
they are rendering efficient and capable service. Chemists are, of
course, necessary in connection with sugar plantations, both for the
problem of the study of the soils and fertilizers and for the proper
handling of the juice, in eliminating fermentation and other ])rocesses
of deterioration. In other words, there is no reason why the thing,
from the top to the bottom, should not be managed by Filipinos.
You would have there, just as you w^ould have on the large planta-
tions in the South, people who are only fit for day laborers and who
would never go beyond that stage. I can not see why there would
not be opportunity for development so that everything would depend
upon the capacity of the Filipinos themselves.
Mr. Douglas. Just as it has been in Porto Rico?
Mr. Worcester. I am not familiar wdtli what has occurred there;
I have been buried in the Philippines for nearly 12 years.
Mr. Hamilton. From any knowledge you have on the subject,
are you able to say whether the management of large plantations
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 495
on the island of Cuba has in any way discouraged the development
of small holdings in Cuba ?
Mr. Worcester. I am really not familiar with conditions in
Cuba or in Porto Rico.
Mr. Jones. I have not had an opportunity to ask any questions
at all about this San Jose transaction, and before you go from it I
would like to ask a question or two. Mr. Worcester, I understand
that the friar-lands act of the Philippine Legislature, to which you
referred, is the act of April 26, 1904 %
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; that is the one to which I referred.
Mr. Jones. The amendment to that act, to which you have referred
as removing restrictions as to the number of acres of friar lands that
can be sold to one individual, is the act of June 3, 1908, amending
the ninth and eleventh sections of the friar-lands act %
Mr. Worcester. I think your date is probably correct, sir. It is
the act which omitted the provision originally incorporated and
supplying additions to chapter 2 of the public-land act relative to
sales of unoccupied friar lands. June 3, 1908, is the date; yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. You have referred to an opinion that was given by the
law officer of the land bureau, and Capt. Sleeper also referred to that
opinion. Can you tell me the date of that opinion ?
Mr. Worcester. I think that is appended as an exhibit in my
report. The opinion of the attorney general of the Philip])ine Islands
as to whether the director of lands has authority to sell to an individ-
ual or an individual to purchase from the Government vacant and
unoccu]:ied lands constituting a portion of the friar-lands ]>urchase
without restriction to area is the one to which you refer %
Mr. Jones. No, sir; the one I refer to is the ojnnion of the law offi-
cer of the land bureau.
Mr. Worcester. The date does not appear here, but it is ascer-
tainable; I will get it for you.
Mr. Jones. You say the date does not appear here; what do you
mean by that ?
Mr. Worcester. I am referring to the copy of that o] inion which
is appended as exhibit '^C^' to my report to the Governor General, to
which I referred when you interrogated me as to the date.
Mt. Jones. Can you not give us the date of that opinion?
Mr. Worcester. Well, if you will excuse me just a moment I will
see whether or not it is elsewhere in this report. Capt. Sleeper, who
asked for the o]:inion, is here, and I presume his records contain the
letter which he addressed to the law oilicer of his bureau requesting
the o})inion, so we shall be able to fix the a|)]/roximate date.
Mr. Jones. As Capt. Sleeper is here I would suggest that he give
us til at opinion now, if he can,
Capt. Sleeper. I do not think I can give it ofl'hand; I will look it
up. The opinion itself had no date.
The Chairman. Have you the records here from which you can
ascertain it ?
Capt. Sleeper. Yes; I think I can ascertain it from the records.
The Chairman. If you can, please give it to the stenographer, so it
may go in at this point.
Capt. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(Investigation of the records showed that the opinion was requested
on October 12, 1909, and was rendered a few^ days later. The exact
date could not be fixed.)
496 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Worcester, will you please state when Mr. Strong,
who has been referred to in this testimony, first came to the Philip-
pine Islands for the purpose of looking into this question of purchasing
friar lands or public lands ?
Mr. Worcester. I think Mr. Strong came early in the year 1909,
Mr. Jones. I was not in Manila at the time he came; I was making
my trip through northern Luzon, and as far as I can remember I
have never met Mr. Strong.
Mr. Jones. Will you please state when Messrs. Poole and Prentiss
first came to the Philippine Islands ?
Mr. Worcester. Capt. Sleeper tells me they presented themselves
at his office on the 12th of October.
Mr. Jones. What year?
Mr. Worcester. Last year — 1909.
Mr. Jones. I think you said, Mr. Worcester, in the course of your
testimony, or Mr. Sleeper — I do not recall which of you gentlemen
made the statement — that Mr. Poole stated that he had been
informed by the Bureau of Insular Affairs here in Washington that
he could not purchase more than 16 hectares of friar lands; did he
make that statement to you ?
Mr. Worcester. I think that statement, Mr. Jones, was that his
attorney or his attorneys had been so informed. I did not gain the
impression that Mr. Poole himself had ever consulted with the
authorities here.
Mr. Jones. Did you or not state that you thought the reason why
the Insular Affairs Bureau had made that statement to Mr. Poolers
attorney was that they did not know of the amendment passed by
the Philippine Legislature to the friar-lands act of 1904?
Mr. Worcester. I took it for granted, Mr. Jones, that Mr. Poolers
statement was correct, and that the bureau had so informed his
attorneys, but I understand now that this was not the case. But,
taking it for granted that this statement was correct, and I had no
reason to doubt it, the only explanation which occurred to me as
possible was that they had overlooked the intent and effect of the
amendatory^ act, which would not have been noticed except by
comparing it with the original. The amendment consisted in the
leaving out of a passage, not in the carrying in of anything; so that
comparison with the original act would probably have been neces-
sary to show what was accomplished. I thought that they had
simply missed the purpose of the act; and that was my reason for
writing Gen. Edwards, as I did under date of October 21, 1909, call-
ing his attention to the passage of this act and to its effect.
Mr. Jones. It did not occur to you at all, then, that the Insular
Affairs Bureau had based its alleged opinion upon the organic act
passed by Congress ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; because I took it for granted that if
that had happened they would promptly have communicated with
us and called our attention to the fact that we had exceeded our
powers in passing act No. 1847. It is perfectly evident that the
Philippine Commission can not carry into legislation anything that
the Congress has prohibited. Such a provision would be inoperative,
and I take it for granted that any discovery of such unauthorized
action made here would be immediately called to our attention.
Mr. Jones. I understand that as soon as the Insular Affairs
Bureau called your attention to this doubtful question of law, or
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 497
the construction of the law, you suspended all action with reference
to the sale of this land ?
Mr. Worcester. It was not quite that way, sir. The doubt as
to the lawfulness of our proposed action, so far as it was called to
the attention of any one, was by us called to the attention of the
people at this end of the line, and my reason for suspending my
action on the sales certificate was the telegram of November 23,
1909, addressed by the Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs to the
governor general, stating that the Secretary of War desired full
information by cable relating to this matter, and desired that we
should not consummate the sale until he had considered the question »
I thought that he might be considering it as a matter of policy.
Obviously we have had demonstrations of the fact that there was
abundant grounds for so considering it.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Worcester, is it your opinion or not that the legis-
lature of the Philippine Islands has the full authority — this, of course,
under the provisions of the organic law of 1902 — to legislate with
reference to this land without reference to what the Insular Affairs
Bureau at Washington may think about it ?
Mr. Worcester. Certainly, sir.
Mr. Jones. Your opinion is that you have not to be guided by
any suggestions that may come from the Insular Affairs Bureau
here if you are acting within a law of the Philippine Islands which
the legislature had the right to enact ?
Mr. Worcester. So far as I am aware, there is no authority
vested in the Bureau of Insular Affairs or any of its officers to dictate
to us in the matter of legislation. Of course, if they made sugges-^
tions these would be entitled to very careful consideration, but I
hold that we were at liberty to enact such legislation as we deemed
to be in the interest of the islands, regardless of their opinion, so far
as the legal question is concerned.
Mr. Jones. You believe that the Bureau of Insular Affairs has no
right to control your action ?
Mr. Worcester. Certainly.
Mr. Jones. That it acts solely in the capacity, if I may so speak^
of a clearing house ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes.
Mr. Jones. You can not tell me, then, Mr. Worcester, whether that
opinion of the law oflicer of the land office in the islands was prior
to or subsequent to the passage of that amendment ?
Mr. Worcester. The amendment to the friar-land act, removing
the restriction ?
Mr. Jones. Yes.
Mr. Worcester. I think it was long subsequent to it.
Mr. Jones. Do you know what gave rise tt) that opinion?
Mr. Worcester. My impression is that it was this particular
question.
Mr. Jones. I beg your pardon; it was what ?
Mr. Worcester. My impression at the moment is that it was given
in connection with this discussion. I remember distinctly that the
opinion of the attorney general was given at that time. We had
previously obtained an opinion from him, from the attorney general
of the Philippines, relative to whom were to be considered occupants,
but we had no doubt at all of our ability to pass this act removing
498 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the restrictions and never thought of requesting an opinion on it until
the question was raised, and I can not remember that it was ever
raised until this Poole transaction came up.
Mr. Jones. Your opinion, then, is that it was asked for in connec-
tion with the Poole proposition, after Poole had stated that there was
some doubt here in Washington as to whether or not an individual
could purchase more than 16 hectares of these friar lands ?
Mr. Worcester. My recollection is not really clear enough so that
I would care to stake much on it, but the date will show as a matter
of fact. I can not at present see any other special reason for request-
ing it. This was the first large transaction in friar lands that had
come up, and the doubt then arose on the part of the would-be pur-
chasers rather than on our part.
Mr. Jones. You stated very positively, Mr. Worcester, in the begin-
ning of your testimony, I think, to-day, as to what the law was on the
subject of these friar lands. I do not, of course, mean to concede that
either you or the Attorney General or anybody else could lay down
what the law was on this subject, and I am not sure that it is a
legitimate question to ask you, or about which you ought to make a
statement. Of course, I know that you feel that you were acting
within the law when you acted as you did about these lauds; but
the question as to whether the restrictions and limitations of section
15 of the organic law apply to the lands referred to in section 65 of
that act — that question is one which this committee is charged with
investigating and must make a report about.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. But inasmuch as you did make a quite positive state-
ment as to what the law was, I want to call your attention to the
language of the sixty-fifth section.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. What is it you read from?
Mr. Jones. The organic law of 1902.
Mr. Douglas. Where is it published?
Mr. Jones. I have a copy here.
Mr. Worcester. I think you will find it quoted correctly on page
61 of my report, at the bottom of the page.
Mr. Jones. I will state, however, before reading the law, that I
find that in the different publications where it is quoted it is not
always punctuated just as it is punctuated in the act itself, and it
seems to me the punctuation has some bearing on the construction
of the act. I am reading from the copy of the law furnished the
committee, Pubhc Document No. 235.
The Chairman. You have no objection, I suppose, to allowing that
to be inserted — that is, the whole act.
Mr. Jones. It is the whole act.
The Chairman. It would be very convenient for it to go into the
record.
Mr. Jones. I think so. I would like, Mr. Chairman, that the act
as furnished to the committee. Public Document No. 235, be the
document that is inserted, because I think the publication would be
more apt to be correct in that than in some of the copies.
The Chairman. When you are through with the witness, hand it to
the stenographer and he will put it in at this point.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 499
(FollowinG: is the act referred to:)
[Public— No. 235.)
AN ACT Temporarily to provide for the administration of the affairs of civil government In the Philippine
Islands, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representativee of the United States of America
in Congress assembled, That the action of the President of the United States in creating
the Philippine Commission and authorizing said commission to exercise the powers of
government to the extent and in the manner and form and subject to the regulation
and control set forth in the instructions of the President to the Philippine Commission,
dated April seventh, nineteen hundred, and in creating the offices of civil governor
and vice-governor of the Philippine Islands, and authorizing said civil governor and
vice-governor to exercise the powers of government to the extent and in the manner
and form set forth in the Executive order dated June twenty-first, nineteen hundred
and one, and in establishing four executive departments of government in said islands,
as set forth in the act of the Philippine Commission, entitled "An act providing an
organization for the departments of the interior, of commerce and police, of finance
and justice, and of public instruction," enacted September sixth, nineteen hundred
and one, is hereby approved, ratified, and confirmed, and until otherwise provided by
law the said islands shall continue to be governed as thereby and herein provided, and
all laws passed hereafter by the Philippine Commission shall have an enacting clause
as follows: "By authority of the United States be it enacted by the Philippine Com-
mission." The provisions of section eighteen hundred and ninety-one of the Revised
Statutes of eighteen hundred and seventy-eight shall not apply to the Philippine
Islands.
Future appointments of civil governor, vice-governor, members of said commis-
sion, and heads of executive departments shall be made by the President, by and
with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Sec. 2. That the action of the President of the United States heretofore taken by
virtue of the authority vested in him as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy,
as set forth in his order of July twelfth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, w^liereby
a tariff of duties and taxes as set forth by said order was to be levied and collected at
all ports and places in the Philippine Islands upon passing into the occupation and
possession of the forces of the United States, together with the subsequent amend-
ments of said order, are hereby approved, ratified, and confirmed, and the actions
of the authorities of the Government of the Philippine Islands, taken in accordance
with the provisions of said order and subsequent amendments, are hereby approved:
Provided, That nothing contained in this section shall be held to amend or repeal
an act entitled "An act temporarily to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands
and for other purposes," approved March eighth, nineteen hundred and two.
Sec. 3. That the President of the United States, during such time as and whenever
the sovereignty and authority of the United States encounter armed resistance in
the Philippine Islands, until otherwise provided by Congress, shall continue to
regulate and control commercial intercourse with anj within said islands by such
general rules and regulations as he, in his discretion, may deem most conducive to
the public interests and the general welfare.
Sec. 4. That all inhabitants of the Philippine Islands continuing to reside therein
who were Spanish subjects on the eleventh day of April, eighteen hundred and ninety-
nine, and then resided in said islands, and their children born subsequent thereto,
shall be deemed and held to be citizens of the Philippine Islands and as such entitled
to the protection of the United States, except such as shall have elected to preserve
their allegiance to the Crown of Spain in accordance with the provisions of the treaty
of peace between the United States and Spain signed in Paris December tenth, eight-
een hundred and ninety-eight.
Sec. 5. That no law shall be enacted in said islands which shall deprive any person
of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, or deny to any person therein
the equal protection of the laws.
That in all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to be heard by
himself and counsel, to demand the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to
have a speedy and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compul-
sory process to compel the attendance of witnesses in his behalf.
That no person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of
law; and no person for the same offense shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment,
nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against liimself.
That all persons shall before conviction be bailable by suflicient sureties, except for
capital offenses.
500 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
That no law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be enacted.
That no person shall be imprisoned for debt.
That the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when
in cases of rebellion, insurrection, or invasion the public safety may require it, in
either of which events the same may be suspended by the President, or by the gov-
ernor, with the approval of the Philippine Commission, wherever during such period
the necessity for such suspension shall exist.
That no ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.
That no law granting a title of nobility shall be enacted, and no person holding
any odice of profit or trust in said islands, shall, without the consent of the Congress
of the United States, accept any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind
whatever from any kir.g, queen, prince, or foreign State.
That excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel
and unusual punishment inflicted.
That the right to bo secure against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be
violated .
That neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude, except as a pimishment for crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist in said islands.
That no law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Government for redress
of grievances.
That no law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof, and that the free exercise and enjoyment of religious pro-
fession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed.
That no money shall be paid out of the treasury except in pursuance of an appro-
priation by law.
That the rule of taxation in said islands shall be uniform.
That no private or local bill which may be enacted into law shall embrace more
than one subject, and that subject shall be expressed in the title of the bill.
That no warrant shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirma-
tion, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the person or things to
be seized.
That all money collected on any tax levied or assessed for a special purpose shall
be treated as a speical fund in the treasury and paid out for such purpose only.
Sec. 6. That whenever the existing insurrection in the Philippine Islands shall
have ceased and a condition of general and complete peace shall have been established
therein and the fact shall be certified to the President by the Philippine Commission
the President, upon being satisfied thereof, shall order a census of the Philippine
Islands to be takenby said Philippine Commission; such census in its inquiries relat-
ing to the population shall take and make so far as practicable full report for all the in-
habitants, of name, age, sex, race, or tribe, whether native or foreign born, literacy
in Spanish, native dialect or language, or in English, school attendance, ownership of
homes, industrial and social statistics, and such other information separately for each
island, each province, and municipality, or other civil division, as the President
and said commission may deem necessary: Provided^ That the President may, upon
the request of said comuiission, in his discretion, employ the service of the Census
Bureau in compiling and promulgating the statistical information above provided for,
and may commit to such bureau any part or portion of such labor as to him may seem
wise.
Sec. 7. That two years after the completion and publication of the census, in case
Buch condition of general and complete peace with recognition of the authority of the
United States shall have continued in the territory of said islands not inhabited by
Moros or other non-Christian tribes and such facts shall have been certified to the
President by the Philippin(; Commission, the President upon being satisfied thereof
shall direct said commission to call, and the conmiission shall call, a general election
for the choice of delegates to a popular assembly of the people of said territory in the
Philippine Islands, which shall be known as the Philippine Assembly. After said
assembly shall have convened and organized, all the legislative power heretofore
conferred on the Philippine Commission in all that part of said islands not inhabited
by Moros or other non-Christian tribes shall be vested in a legislature consisting of
two houses — the Philippine Commission and the Philippine Assembly. Said assem-
bly shall consist of not less than fifty nor more than one hundred members, to be appor-
tioned by said commission among the provinces as nearly as practicable according to
population: Provided^ That no province shall have less than one member: And pro-
vided further, That provinces entitled by population to more than one member may be
divided into such convenic :it districts as the said commission may deem best.
Public notice of such division shall be given at least ninety days prior to such elec-
tion, and the election shall be held under rules and regulations to be prescribed by
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 501
law. The qualification of electors in such election shall be the same as is now pro-
vided by law in case of electors in municipal elections. The membeiis of assembly
shall hold office for two years from the first day of January next following tlieir elec-
tion, and their successors shall be chosen by the people every second year thereafter.
No person shall be eligible to such election who is not a qualified elector of the election
district in which he may be chosen, owing allegiance to the United States, and twenty-
five years of age.
The legislature shall hold annual sessions, commencing on the first Monday of
February in each year and continuing not exceeding ninety days thereafter (Sundays
and holidays not included) : Provided^ That the first meeting of the legislature shall
be held upon the call of the governor within ninety days after the first election: And
provided further , That if at the termination of any session the appropriations necessary
for the support of government shall not have been made, an amount equal to the sums
appropriated in the last appropriation bills for such purposes shall be deemed to be
appropriated; and until the legislature shall act in such behalf the treasurer may, with
the advice of the governor, make the payments necessary for the purposes aforesaid.
The legislature may be called in special session at any time by the civil governor
for general legislation, or for action on such specific subjects as he may designate. No
special session shall continue longer than thirty days, exclusive of Sundays.
The assembly shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its
members. A majority shall constitute a quorum to do business, but a smaller number
may adjourn from day to day and may be authorized to compel the attendance of
absent members. It shall choose its speaker and other officers, and the salaries of its
members and officers shall be fixed by law. It may determine the rule of its proceed-
ings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of two-
thirds expel a member. It shall keep a journal of its proceedings, which shall be
published, and the yeas and anys of the members on any question shall, on the demand
of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.
Sec. 8. That at the same time with the first meeting of the Philippine Legislature,
and biennially thereafter, there shall be chosen by said legislature, each house voting
separately, two Resident Commissioners to the United States, who shall be entitled
to an official recognition as such by all departments upon presentation to the Presi-
dent of a certificate of election by the civil governor of said islands, and each of whom
shall be entitled to a salary payable monthly by the United States at the rate of five
thousand dollars per annum, and two thousand dollars additional to cover all expenses:
Provided, That no person shall be eligible to such election w^ho is not a qualified elector
of said islands, owing allegiance to the United States, and who is not thirty years
of age.
Sec. 9. That the supreme court and the courts of first instance of the Philippine
Islands shall possess and exercise jurisdiction as heretofore provided, and such addi-
tional jurisdiction as shall hereafter be prescribed by the government of said islands,
subject to the power of said government to change the practice and method of pro-
cedure. The municipal courts of said islands shall possess and exercise jurisdiction
as heretofore provided by the Philippine Commission, subject in all matters to such
alteration and amendment as may be hereafter enacted by law; and the chief justice
and associate justices of the supreme court shall hereafter be appointed by the Presi-
dent, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall receive the
compensation heretofore prescribed by the commission until otherwise provided by
Congress. The judges of the court of first instance shall be appointed by the civil
governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Philippine Commission: Provided,
That the admiralty jurisdiction of the supreme court and courts of first instance shall
not be changed except by act of Congress.
Sec. 10. That the Supreme Court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to
review, revise, reverse, modify, or affirm the final judgments and decreon of the
supreme court of the Philipj)ine Islands in all actions, cases, causes, and proceedings
now pending therein or hereafter determined thereby in which the Constitution or
any statute, treaty, title, right, or privilege of the United States is involved, or in
causes in which the value in controversy exceeds twenty-five thousand dollars, or
in which the title or possession of real estate exceeding in value the sum of twenty-
five thousand dollars, to be ascertained by the oath of either party or of other compe-
tent witnesses, is involved or brought in question; and such final judgments or decrees
may and can be reviewed, revised, reversed, modified, or affirmed by said Supreme
Court of the United States on appeal or writ of error by the party aggrieved, in the
same manner, under the same regulations, and by the same procedure, as far as ap])li-
cable, as the final judgments and decrees of the circuit courts of the United States.
Sec. 11. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to
provide for the needs of commerce by improving the harbors and navigable waters of
602 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
said islands and to construct and maintain in said navigable waters and upon the
shore adjacent thereto bonded warehouses, wharves, piers, lighthouses, signal and
life-saving stations, buoys, and like instruments of commerce, and to adopt and enforce
regulations in regard thereto, including bonded warehouses wherein articles not
intended to be imported into said islands nor mingled with the property therein, but
brought into a port of said islands for reshipment to another country, may be depos-
ited m bond and reshipped to another country without the payment of customs duties
or charges.
Sec. 12. That all the property and rights which may have been acquired in the
Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaty of peace with Spain, signed
December tenth, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, except such land or other
property as shall be designated by the President of the United States for military
and other reservations of the Government of the United States, are hereby placed
under the control of the Government of said islands to be administered for the benefit
of the inhabitants thereof, except as provided in this act.
Sec. 13. That the Government of the Philippine Islands, subject to the provisions
of this act and except as herein provided, shall classify according to its agricultural
character and productiveness, and shall immediately make rules and regulations for
the lease, sale, or other disposition of the public lands other than timber or mineral
lands, but such rules and regulations shall not go into effect or have the force of law
until they have received the approval of the President, and when approved by the
President they shall be submitted by him to Congress at the beginning of the next
ensuing session thereof and unless disapproved or amended by Congress at said session
they shall at the close of such period have the force and effect of law in the Philippine
Islands: Provided, That a single homestead entry shall not exceed sixteen hectares
in extent.
Sec. 14. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and
empowered to enact rules and regulations and to prescribe terms and conditions to
enable persons to perfect their title to public lands in said islands, who, prior to the
transfer of sovereignty from Spain to the United States, had fulfilled all or some of
the conditions required by the Spanish laws and royal decrees of the Kingdom of
Spain for the acquisition of legal title thereto, yet failed to secure conveyance of title;
and the Philippine Commission is authorized to issue patents, without compensa-
tion, to any native of said islands, conveying title to any tract of land not more than
sixteen hectares in extent, which were public lands and had been actually occupied
by such native or his ancestors prior to and on the thirteenth of August, eighteen
hundred and ninety-eight.
Sec. 15. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized and
empowered, on such terms as it may prescribe, by general legislation, to provide for
the granting or sale and conveyance to actual occupants and settlers and other citi-
zens of said islands such parts and portions of the public domain, other than timber
and mineral lands of the United States in said islands, as it may deem wise, not
exceeding sixteen hectares to any one person, and for the sale and conveyance of not
more than one thousand and twenty-four hectares to any corporation or association
of persons: Provided, That the grant or sale of such lands, whether the purchase price
be paid at once or in partial payments, shall be conditioned upon actual and contin-
ued occupancy, improvement, and cultivation of the premises sold for a period of
not less than five years, during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate
or encumber said land or the title thereto; but such restriction shall not apply to
transfers of rights and title of inheritance under the laws for the distribution of the
estates of decedents.
Sec 16. That in granting or selling any part of the public domain under the pro-
visions of the last preceding section, preference in all cases shall be given to actual
occupants and settlers; and such public lands of the United States in the actual pos-
session or occupancy of any native of the Philippine Islands shall not be sold by said
Government to any other person without the consent thereto of said prior occupant
or settler first had and obtained: Provided, That the prior right hereby secured to an
occupant of land, who can show no other proof of title than possession, shall not
apply to more than sixteen hectares in one tract.
Sec. 17. That timber, trees, forests, and forest products on lands leased or demised
by the Government of the Philippine Islands under the provisions of this act shall not
be cut, destroyed, removed, or appropriated except by special permission of said
Government and under such regulations as it may prescribe.
All moneys obtained from lease or sale of any portion of the public domain or from
licenses to cut timber by the Government of the Philippine Islands shall be covered
into the insular treasury and be subject only to appropriation for insular purposes
according to law.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 503
Sec. 18. That the forest laws and regulations now in force in the Philippine Islands,
with such modifications and amendments as may be made by the Government of said
islands, are hereby continued in force, and no timber lands forming part of the public
domain shall be sold, leased, or entered until the Government of said islands, upon the
certification of the forestry bureau that said lands are more valuable for agriculture
than for forest uses, shall declare such lands so certified to be agricultural in char-
acter: Provided, That the said Government shall have the right and is hereby empow-
ered to issue licenses to cut, harvest, or collect timber or other forest products on
reserved or unreserved public lands in said islands in accordance with the forest laws
and regulations hereinbefore mentioned and under the provisions of this act, and the
said Government may lease land to any person or persons holding such licenses, suffi-
cient for a mill site, not to exceed four hectares in extent, and may grant rights of
way to enable such person or persons to get access to the lands to which such licenses
apply.
Sec 19. That the beneficial use shall be the basis, the measure, and the limit of
all rights to water in said islands, and the Government of said islands is hereby author-
ized to make such rules and regulations for the use of water, and to make SAich reserva-
tions of public lands for the protection of the water supply, and for other public pur-
poses not in conflict with the provisions of this act, as it may deem best for the pubHc
good.
MINERAL LANDS.
Sec. 20. That in all cases public lands in the Philippine Islands valuable for min-
erals shall be reserved from sale, except as otherwise expressly directed by law.
Sec. 21. That all valuable mineral deposits in public lands in the Philippine
Islands, both surveyed and unsurveyed, are hereby declared to be free and open to
exploration, occupation, and purchase, and the land in which they are found to occu-
pation and purchase, by citizens of the United States, or of said islands: Provided,
That when on any lands of said islands entered and occupied as agricultural lands
under the provisions of this act, but not patented, mineral deposits have been found
the working of such mineral deposits is hereby^ forbidden until the person, association'
or corporation who or which has entered and is occupying such lands shall have paid
to the Government of said islands such additional sum or sums as will make the total
amount paid for the mineral claim or claims in which said deposits are located equal
to the amount charged by the Government for the same as mineral claims.
Sec. 22. That mining claims upon land containing veins or lodes of quartz or other
rock in place bearing gold, silver, cinnabar, lead, tin, copper, or other valuable
deposits, located after the passage of this act, whether located by one or more persons
qualified to locate the same under the preceding section, shall be located in the fol-
lowing manner and undser the following conditions : Any person so qualified desiring
to locate a mineral claim shall, subject to the provisions of this act with respect to
land which may be used for mining, enter upon the same and locate a plot of ground
measuring, where possible, but not exceeding, one thousand feet in length by one
thousand feet in breadth, in as nearly as possible a rectangular form; that is to say:
All angles shall be right angles, except in cases where a boundary line of a previously
surveyed claim is adopted as common to both claims, but the lines need not neces-
sarily be meridional. In defining the size of a mineral claim, it shall be measured
horizontally, irrespective of inequalities of the surface of the ground.
Sec. 23. That a mineral claim shall be marked by two posts placed as nearly as
possible on the line of the ledge or vein, and the posts shall be numbered one and two,
and the distance between posts numbered one and two shall not exceed one thousand
feet, the line between posts numbered one and two to be known as the location line;
and upon posts numbered one and two shall be written the name given to the mineral
claim, the name of the locator, and the date of the location, upon post numbered
one there shall be written, in addition to the foregoing, ''Initial post." the approxi-
mate compass bearing of post numbered two, and a statement of the number of feet
lying to the right and to the left of the line from post numbered one to post numbered
two, thus: "Initial post. Direction of post numbered two. feet of this
claim lie on the right and feet on the left of the line from number one to
number two post." All the particulars required to be put on number one and number
two posts shall be furnished by the locator to the provincial secretary, or such other
officer as by the Philippine Government may be described as mining recorder, in writ-
ing, at the time the claim is recorded, and shall form a part of the record of such claim.
Sec. 24. That when a claim has been located the holder shall immediately mark
the line between posts numbered one and two so that it can be distinctly seen. The
locator shall also place a post at the point where he has found minerals in place, on
which shall be written "Discovery post:" Provided, That when the claim is surveyed
504
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the surveyor shall be guided by the records of the claim, the sketch plan on the back
of the declaration made by the owner when the claim was recorded, posts numbered
one and two, and the notice on number one, the initial post.
EXAMPLES OF VARIOUS MODES OF LAYING OUT CLAIMS.
No. 2 post.
-o
6GU'
Discovery post. O
o —
No. 1 post.
No. 2 post.
O Discovery post.
250'
-o-
No. 2 post.
Discovery post. O
600'
-c-
400'
No. 1 post.
No. 1 post.
Sec. 25. That it shall not be lawful to move number one post, but number two post
may be moved by the deputy mineral surveyor when the distance between posts
numbered one and two exceeds one thousand feet, in order to place number two post
one thousand feet from number one post on the line of location. When the distance
between posts numbered one and two is less than one thousand feet the deputy min-
eral surveyor shall have no authority to extend the claim beyond number two.
Sec. 26. That the "location line" shall govern the direction of one side of the claim,
upon, which the survey shall be extended according to this act.
Sec. 27. That the holder of a mineral claim shall be entitled to all minerals which
may lie within his claim, but he shall not be entitled to mine outside the boundary
lines of his claim continued vertically downward: Provided, That this act shall not
prejudice the rights of claim owners nor claim holders whose claims have been located
under existing laws prior to this act.
Sec. 28. That no mineral claim of the full size shall be recorded without the appli-
cation being accompanied by an affidavit made by the applicant or some person on his
behalf cognizant of the facts — that the legal notices and posts have been put up; that
mineral has been found in place on the claim proposed to be recorded; that the ground
applied for is unoccupied by any other person. In the said declaration shall be set
out the name of the applicant and the date of the location of the claim. The words
written on the number one and number two posts shall be set out in full, and as accu-
rate d eascription as possible of the position of the claim given with reference to some
natural object or permanent monuments.
Sec 29. That no mineral claim which at the date of its record is known by the
locator to be less than a full-sized mineral claim shall be recorded without the word
*' fraction" being added to the name of the claim, and the application being accom-
panicKl by an afiidavit or solemn declaration made by the applicant or some person
on his behalf cognizant of the facts: That the legal posts and notices have been put
up; that mineral has been found in place on the fractional claim proposed to be
recorded; that the ground applied for is unoccupied by any other person. In the
said declaration shall be set out the name of the applicant and the date of the loca-
tion of the claim. The words written on the posts numbered one and two shall be
set out in full, and as accurate a description as possible of the position of the claim
given. A sketch plan shall be drawn by the applicant on the back of the declara-
tion, showing as near as may be the position of the adjoining mineral claims and
the shape and size, expressed in feet, of the claim or fraction desired to be recorded:
Provided, That the failure on the part of the locator of a mineral claim to comply
with any of the foregoing provisions of this section shall not be deemed to invalidate
Buch location, if upon the facts it shall appear that such locator has actually discov-
ered mineral in place on said location, and that there has been on his part a bona
fide attempt to comply with the provisions of this act, and that the nonobservance
ADMINISTKATIOIsr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 505
of the formalities hereinbefore referred to is not of a character calculated to mislead
other persons desiring to locate claims in the vicinity.
Sec. 30. That in cases where, from the nature or shape of the ground, it is impos-
sible to mark the location line- of the claim as provided by this act then the claim
may be marked by placing posts as nearly as possible to the location line, and noting
the distance and direction such posts may be from such location line, which distance
and direction shall be set out in the record of the claim.
Sec. 31. That every person locating a mineral claim shall record the same with the
provincial secretary or such other officer as by the Government of the Philippine Islands
may be described as mining recorder of the district within which the same is situate,
within thirty days after the location thereof. Such record shall be made in a book, to be
kept for the purpose in the office of the said provincial secretary or such other officer
as by said Government described as mining recorder, in which shall be inserted the
name of the claim, the name of each locator, the locality of the mine, the direction of
the location line, the length in feet, the date of location, and the date of the record. A
claim which shall not have been recorded within the prescribed period shall be deemed
to have been abandoned.
Sec. 32. That in case of any dispute as to the location of a mineral claim the title to
the claim shall be recognized according to the priority of such location, subject to any
question as to the validity of the record itself and subject to the holder having com-
plied with all the terms and conditions of this act.
Sec. 33. That no holder shall be entitled to hold in his, its, or their own name or in
the name of any other person, corporation, or association more than one mineral claim
on the same vein or lode.
Sec 34. That a holder may at any time abandon any mineral claim by giving notice,
in writing, of such intention to abandon, to the provincial secretary or such other
officer as by the Government of the Phili^Jpine Islands may be described as mining
rc^corder; and from the date of the record of such notice all his interest in such claim
shall cease.
Sec. 35. That proof of citizenship under the clauses of this act relating to mineral
lands may consist, in the case of an individual, of his own affidavit thereof; in the
case of an association of persons unincorporated, of the affidavit of their authorized
agent made on his own knowledge or upon information and belief; and in the case of a
corporation organized under the laws of the United States, or of any State or Ter-
ritory thereof, or of the Philippine Islands, by the filing of a certified copy of their
charter or certificate of incorporation.
Sec. 36. That the United States Philippine Commission or its successors may
make regulations, not in conflict with the provisions of this act, governing the loca-
tion, manner of recording, and amount of work necessary to hold possession of a mining
claim, subject to the following requirements:
On each claim located after the passage of this act, and until a patent has been
issued therefor, not less than one hundred dollars worth of labor shall be performed
or improvements made during each year: Provided, That upon a failure to comply
with these conditions the claim or mine upon which such failure occurred shall be
open to relocation in the same manner as if no location of the same had ever been
made, provided that the original locators, their heirs, assigns, or legal representatives,
have not resumed work upon the claim after failure and before such location. Upon
the failure of any one of several coowners to contribute his proportion of the expend-
itures required thereby, the coowners who have performed trie labor or made the
improvements may, at the expiration of the year, give such delinquent coowner
personal notice in writing, or notice by publication in the newspaper published
nearest the claim, and in two newspapers published at Manila, one in the En.<i:lish
language and the other in the Spanish language, to be designated by the chief of the
Philippine insular bureau of public lands, for at least once a week for ninety days,
and if, at the expiration of ninety days after such notice in writing or by publication,
such delinquent shall fail or refuse to contribute his proportion of the expenditure
required by this section his interest in the claim shall become the property of his
coowners who have made the required expenditures. The period within which the
work required to be done annually on all unpatented mineral claims shall commence
on the first day of January succeeding the date of location of such claim.
Sec. 37. That a patent for any land claimed and located for valuable mineral depos-
its may be obtained in the following manner: Any person, association, or corporation
authorized to locate a claim under this act, having claimed and located a piece of land
for such purposes, who has or have complied with the terms of this act, may file in the
office of the provincial secretary, or such other ofhcer as by the government of said
islands may be described as mining recorder of the province wherein the land claimed
is located, an application for a patent, under oath, showing such compliance, together
with a plat and field notes of the clnim or claim- in comioon, made by or under the
82278°— IT. Ropt. 22S0, OMJ :M\
506 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
direction of the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands, showing accu-
rately the boundaries of the claim, which shall be distinctly marked by monuments
on the ground, and shall post a copy of such plat, together with a notice of such
application for a patent, in a cpnspicuous place .on the land embraced in such
plat previous to the filing of the application for a patent, and shall file an affidavit of
at least two persons that such notice has been duly posted, and sliall file a cox^y of
the notice in such office, and shall thereupon be entitled to a patent for the land, in
the manner following: The provincial secretary or such other officer as by the Philip-
pine Government may be described as mining'^recorder, upon the filing of such appli-
cation, plat, field notes, notices, and affidavits, shall publish a notice that such an
application has been made, once a week for the period of sixty days, in a newspaper
to be by him designated as nearest to such claim and in two newspapers published
at Manila, one in the English language and one in the Spanish language, to be desig-
nated by the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands; and he shall also
post such notice in his office for the same period. The claimant at the time of filing
this application, or at any time thereafter within the sixty days of publication, shall
file wdth the provincial secretary or such other officer as by the Philippine Govern-
ment may be described as mining recorder a certificate of the chief of the Philippine
insular bureau of public lands that five hundred dollars' worth of labor has been
expended or improvements made upon the claim by himself or grantors; that the
plat is correct, with such further description by such reference to natural objects or
permanent monuments as shall identify the claim, and furnish an accurate description
to be incorporated in the patent. At the expiration of the sixty days of publication
the claimant shall file his affidavit, showing that the plat and notice have been posted
in a conspicuous place on the claim during such period of publication. If no adverse
claim shall have been filed with the provincial secretary or such other officer as by
the government of said islands may be described as mining recorder at the expiration
of the sixty days of publication, it shall be assimied that the applicant is entitled to a
patent upon the payment to the provincial treasurer or the collector of internal revenue
of five dollars per acre and that no adverse claim exists, and thereafter no objection
from third parties to the issuance of a patent shall be heard, except it be shown that
the applicant has failed to comply with the terms of this act: Provided, That w^here
the claimant for a patent is not a resident of or within the province wherein the land
containing the vein, ledge, or deposit sought to be patentecl is located the application
for patent and the affidavits required to be made in this section by the claimant for
such patent may be made by his, her, or its authorized agent where said agent is con-
versant w^ith the facts sought to be established by said affidavits.
Sec. 38. That applicants for mineral patents, if residing beyond the limits of the
province or military department wherein the claim is situated, may make the oath
or affidavit required for proof of citizenship before the clerk of any court of record,
or before any notary public of any province of the Philippine Islands, or any other
official in said islands authorized by law to administer oaths.
Sec. 39. That where an adverse claim is filed during the period of publication it
shall be upon oath of the person or persons making the same, and shall show the
nature, boundaries, and extent of such adverse claim, and all proceedings, except
the publication of notice and making and filing of the affidavits thereof, shall be
stayed until the controversy shall have been settled or decided by a court of com-
petent jurisdiction or the adverse claim waived. It shall be the duty of
the adverse claimant, within thirty days after filing his claim, to com-
mence proceedings in a court of competent jurisidiction to determine the ques-
tion of the right of possession, and prosecute the same with reasonable diligence to
final judgment, and a failure so to do shall be a waiver of his adverse claim. After such
judgment shall have been rendered the party entitled to the possession of the claim,
or any portion thereof, may, without giving further notice, file a certified copy of the
judgment roll with the provincial secretary or such other officer as by the Government
of the Philippine Islands may be described as mining recorder, together with the
certificate of the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands that the requisite
amount of labor has been expended or improvements made thereon, and the descrip-
tion required in other cases, and shall pay to the provincial treasurer or the collector
of internal revenue of the province in which the claim is situated, as the case may be,
five dollars per acre for his claim, together with the proper fees, whereupon the whole
proceedings and the judgment roll shall be certified by the provincial secretary or
such other officer as by said Government may be described as mining recorder to the
secretary of the interior of the Philippine Islands, and a patent shall issue thereon for
the claim, or such portion thereof as the applicant shall appear, from the decision of
the court, rightly to possess. The adverse claim may be verified by the oath of
any duly authorized agent or attorney in fact of the adverse claimant cognizant of
the facts stated; and the adverse claimant, if residing at the time being beyond
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 507
the limits of the province wherein the claim is situated, may make oath to the adverse
claim before the clerk of any court of record, or any notary public of any province
or military department of the Philippine Islands, or any other officer authorized
to administer oaths where the adverse claimant may then be. If it appears from
the decision of the court that several parties are entitled to separate and different
portions of the claim, each party may pay for his portion of the claim, with the proper
fees, and file the certificate and description by the chief of the Philippine insular
bureau of public lands, whereupon the provincial secretary, or such other ofiicer as
by the government of said islands may be described as mining recorder, shall certify
the proceedings and judgment roll to the secretary of the interrior for the Philippine
Islands, as in the preceding case, and patents shall issue to the several parties accord-
ing to their respective rights. If in any action brought pursuant to this section title
to the ground in controversy shall not be established by either party, the court shall
so find, and judgment shall be entered accordingly. In such case costs shall not be
allowed to either party, and the claimant shall not proceed in the office of the pro-
vincial secretary or such other officer as by the Government of said islands may be
described as mining recorder or be entitled to a patent for the ground in controversy
until he shall have perfected his title. Nothing herein contained shall be construed
to prevent the alienation of a title conveyed by a patent for a mining claim to any
person whatever.
Sec. 40. That the description of mineral claims upon surveyed lands shall designate
the location of the claim with reference to the lines of the public surveys, but need
not conform therewith; but where a patent shall be issued for ckiims upon unsur-
veyed lands the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands in extending
the surveys shall adjust the same to the boundaries of such patented claim according
to the plat or description thereof, but so as in no case to interfere with or change the
location of any such patented claim.
Sec. 41. That any person authorized to enter lands under this act may enter and
obtain patent to lands that are chiefly valuable for building stone under the pro-
visions of this act relative to placer mineral claims.
Sec. 42, That any person authorized to enter lands under this act may enter and
obtain patent to lands containing petroleum or other mineral oils and chiefly valuable
therefor under the provisions of this act relative to placer mineral claims.
Sec. 43. That no location of a placer claim shall exceed sixty-four hectares for any
association of persons, irrespective of the number of persons composing such associa-
tion, and no such location shall include more than eight hectares for an individual
claimant. Such locations shall conform to the laws of the United States Philippine
Commission, or its successors, with reference to public surveys, and nothing in this
section contained shall defeat or impair any bona fide ownership of land for agricul-
tural purposes or authorize the sale of the improvements of any bona fide settler to
any purchaser.
Sec. 44. That where placer claims are located upon surveyed lands and conform to
legal subdivisions, no further survey or plat shall be required, and all placer mining
claims located after the date of passage of this act shall conform as nearly as practicable
to the Philippine system of public-land surveys and the regular subdivision of such
surveys; but where placer claims can not be conformed to legal subdivisions, survey
and plat shall be made as on unsurveyed lands; and where by the segregation of min-
eral lands in any legal subdivision a quantity of agricultural land less than sixteen
hectares shall remain, such fractional portion of agricultural land may be entered by
any party qualified by law for homestead purposes.
Sec 45, That where such person or association, they and their grantors, have held
and worked theu' claims for a period equal to the time prescribed by the statute of
limitations of the Philippine Islands, evidence of such possession and working of the
claims for such period shall be sufficient to establish a right to a patent thereto under
this act, in the absence of any adverse claim ; but nothing in this act shall be deemed
to impair any lien which may have attached in any way whatever prior to the issuance
of a patent.
Sec, 46. That the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands may appoint
competent deputy mineral surveyors to survey mining claims. The expenses of the
survey of vein or lode claims and of the survey of placer claims, together with the
cost of publication of notices, shall be paid by the applicants, and they shall be at
liberty to obtain the same at the most reasonable rates, and they shall also be at lib-
erty to employ any such deputy mineral surveyor to make the survey. The chief of
the Philippine insular bureau of public lands shall also have power to establish the
maximum charges for surveys and publication of notices under this act; and in case
of excessive charges for publication he may designate any newspaper published in a
province where mines are situated, or in Manila, for the publication of mining notices
508 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
and fix the rates to be charged by such paper; and to the end that the chief of the
bureau of public lands may be fully informed on the subject such applicant shall file
with the provincial secretary or such other officer as by the Government of the Philip-
pine Islands may be described as mining recorder, a sworn statement of all charges
and fees paid by such applicant for publication and surveys, and of all fees and money
paid the provincial treasurer or the collector of internal revenue, as the case may be,
which statement shall be transmitted, with the other papers in the case, to the sec-
retary of the interior for the Philippine Islands.
Sec. 47. That all affidavits required to be made under this act may be verified
before any officer authorized to administer oaths within the province or military
department where the claims may be situated, and all testimony and proofs may be
taken before any such officer, and, when duly certified by the officer taking the same,
shall have the same force and effect as if taken before the proper provincial secretary
or such other officer as by the Government of the Philippine Islands may be described
as mining recorder. In cases of contest as to the mineral or agricultural character
of land the testimony and proofs may be taken as herein provided on personal notice
of at least ten days to the opposing party; or if such party can not be found, then by
publication at least once a week for thirty days in a newspaper to be designated by the
provincial secretary or such other officer as by said Government may be described as
mining recorder published nearest to the location of such land and in two newspapers
published in Manila, one in the English language and one in the Spanish language,
to be designated by the chief of the Philippine insular bureau of public lands; and
the provincial secretary or such other officer as by said Government may be described
as mining recorder shall require proofs that such notice has been given.
Sec. 48. That where nonmineral land not contiguous to the vein or lode is used or
occupied by the proprietor of such vein or lode for mining or milling purposes, such
nonadjacent surface ground may be embraced and included in an application for a
patent for such vein or lode, and the same may be patented therewith, subject to the
same preliminary requirements as to survey and notice as are applicable to veins or
lodes; but no location of such nonadjacent land shall exceed two hectares, and pay-
ment for the same must be made at the same rate at fixed by this act for the superficies
of the lode. The owner of a quartz mill or reduction works not owning a mine in con-
nection therewith may also receive a patent for his mill site as provided, in this section.
Sec. 49. That as a condition of sale the government of the Philippine Islands may
provide rules for working, policing, and sanitation of mines, and rules concerning
easements, drainage, water rights, right of way, right of government survey and
inspection, and other necessary means to their complete development not incon-
sistent with the provisions of this act, and those conditions shall be fully expressed
in the patent. The Philippine Commission, or its successors, are hereby further
empowered to fix the bonds of deputy mineral surveyors.
Sec. 50. That whenever by i)riority of possession rights to the use of water for
mining, agriculture, manufacturing, or other purposes have vested and accrued and
the same are recognized and acknowledged by the local customs, laws, and the deci-
sions of courts, the possessors and owners of such vested rights shall be maintained
and protected in the same, and the right of way for the construction of ditches and
canals for the purposes herein specified is acknowledged and confirmed, but whenever
any person, in the construction of any ditch or canal, injures or damages the possession
of any settler on the public domain, the party committing such injury or damage
shall be liable to the party injured for such injury or damage.
Sec. 51. That all patents granted shall be subject to any vested and accrued water
rights, or rights to ditches and reservoirs used in connection with such water rights as
may have been acquired under or recognized by the preceding section.
Sec. 52. That the Government of the Philipx)ine Islands is authorized to establish
establish land districts and provide for the appointment of the necessary officers
wherever they may deem the same necessary for the public convenience, and to
further provide that in districts where land offices are established proceedings required
by this act to be had before provincial officers shall be had before the proper officers of
such land offices.
Sec. 53. That every person above the age of twenty-one years, who is a citizen of the
United States, or of the Philippine Islands, or who has acquired the rights of a native
of said islands under and by virtue of the treaty of Paris, or any association of persons
severally qualified as above, shall, upon application to the proper provincial treasurer,
have the right to enter any quality of vacant coal lands of said islands not otherwise
appropriated or reserved by competent authority, not exceeding sixty-four hectares to
Buch individual person, or one hundred and twenty-eight hectares to such association
upon payment to the provincial treasurer or the collector of internal revenue, as the
case may be, of not less than twenty-five dollars per hectare for such lands, where the
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 509
same shall be situated more than fifteen miles from any completed railroad or available
harbor or navigable stream, and not less than fifty dollars per hectare for such lands as
shall be within fifteen miles of such road, harbor, or stream : Provided^ That such entries
shall be taken in squares of sixteen or sixty-four hcctiiros, in conformity with the rules
and regulations governing the public-land surveys of the said islands in plotting legal
subdivisions.
Sec. 54. That any person or association of persons, severally qualified as above
provided, who have opened and improved, or sliall hereaft<T open and improve, any
coal mine or mines upon the public lands, and shall be in actual possession of the
same, shall be entitled to a preference right of entry under the preceding section, of
the mines so opened and improved.
Sec. 55. That all claims under the preceding section must be presented to the
proper provincial secretary within sixty days after the date of actual possession and
the commencement of imjjrovements on the land by the filing of a declaratory state-
ment therefor; and where the improvements shall have been made prior to the expi-
ration of three months from the date of the passage of this act, sixty days from the
expiration of such three months shall be allowed for the filing of a declaratory state-
ment; and no sale under the provisions of this act shall be allowed until the expiration
of six months from the date of the passage of this act.
Sec. 56. That the three preceding sections shall be held to authorize only one entry
by the same person or association af persons; and no association of persons, any member
of which shall have taken the benefit of such sections, either as an individual or as a
member of any other association, shall enter or hold any other lands under the pro-
visions thereof; and no member of any association which shall have taken the benefit
of such section shall enter or hold any other lands under their provisions; and all
persons claiming under section' fifty-eight shall be required to j)rove their respective
rights and pay for the lands filed upon wdthin one year from the time prescribed for
filing their respective claims; and upon failure to file the proper notice or to pay for
the land within the required period, the same shall be subject to entry by any other
qualified applicant.
Sec. 57. That in case of conflicting claims upon coal lands where the improvements
shall be commenced after the date of the passage of this act, priority of possession and
improvement, followed by proper filing and continued good faith, shall determine the
preference right to purchase. And also where improvements have already been made
prior to the passage of this act, division of the land claimed may be made by legal sub-
divisions, which shall conform as nearly as practicable with the subdivisions of land
provided for in this act, to include as near as may be the valuable improvements of
the respective parties. The Government of the Philippine Islands is authorized to
issue all needful rules and regulations for carrying into effect the provisions of this and
preceding sections relating to mineral lands.
Sec 58. That whenever it shall be made to appear to the secretary of any province
or the commander of any military department in the Philippine Islands that any lands
within the province are saline in character, it shall be the duty of said provincial secre-
tary or commander, under the regulations of the Governrnent of the Philippine Islands,
to take testimony in reference to such lands, to ascertain their true character, and to
report the same to the secretary of the interior for the Philippine Islands; and if, upon
such testimony, the secretary of the interior shall find that such lands are saline and
incapable of being purchased under any of the laws relative to the public domain, then
and m such case said lands shall be offered for sale at the office of the provincial secre-
tary or such other officer as by the said Government may be described as mining re-
corder of the province or department in which the same shall be situated, as the case
may be, under such regulations as may be prescribed by said Government and sold to
the highest bidder, for cash, at a price of not less than three dollars per hectare; and in
case such lands fail to sell when so offered, then the same shall be subject to private
sale at such office, for cash, at a price not less than three dollars per hectare; in the
same manner as other lands in the said islands are sold. All executive proclamations
relating to the sales of public saline lands shall be published in only two newspapers,
one printed in the English language and one in the Spanish language, at Manila, which
shall be designated by said secretary of the interior.
Sec. 59. That no act granting lands to provinces, districts, or municipalities to aid
in the construction of roads, or for otlier public purposes, shall be so construed as to
embrace mineral lands, which, in all cases, are reserved exclusively, unless otherwise
specially provided in the act or acts making the grant.
Sec 60. That nothing in this act shall be construed to affect the rights of any person,
partnership, or corporation having a valid, perfected mining concession granted prior
to April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, but all such concessions shall
be conducted under the provisions of the law in force at the time they were granted,
subject at all times to cancellation by reason of illegality in the procedure by which
510 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
they were obtained, or for failure to comply with the conditions prescribed as requisite
to their retention in the laws under which they were granted: Provided, That the
owner or owners of every such concession shall cause the corners made l)y its bound-
aries to be distinctly marked with permanent monuments within six months after
this act has been promulgated in the Philippine Islands, and that any concessions the
boundaries of which are not so marked within this period shall be free and open to
explorations and purchase under the provisions of this act.
Sec. 61. That mining rights on public lands in the Philippine Islands shall, after
the passage of this act, be acquired only in accordance with its provisions.
Sec. 62. That all proceedings for the cancellation of perfected Spanish concessions
shall be conducted in the courts of the Philippine Islands having jurisdiction of the
subject-matter and of the parties, unless the United States Philippine Commission,
or its successors, shall create special tribunals for the determination of such contro-
versies.
AUTHORITY FOR THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS GOVERNMENT TO PURCHASE LANDS OF RELI-
GIOUS ORDERS AND OTHERS AND ISSUE BONDS FOR PURCHASE PRICE.
Sec. 63. That the government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized, sub-
ject to the limitations and conditions prescribed in this act, to acquire, receive, hold,
maintain, and convey title to real and personal property, and may acquire real estate
for public uses by the exercise of the right of eminent domain.
Sec 64. That the powers hereinbefore conferred in section sixty-three may also be
exercised in respect of any lands, easements, appurtenances, and hereditaments which,
on the thirteenth of August, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, were owned or held
by associations, corporations, communities, religious orders, or private individuals in
such large tracts or parcels and in such manner as in the opinion of the commission
injuriously to affect the peace and welfare of the people of the Philippine Islands.
And for the purpose of providing funds to acquire the lands mentioned in this section
said government of the Philippine Islands is hereby empowered to incur indebtedness,
to borrow money, and to issue, and to sell at not less than par value, in gold coin of
the United States of the present standard value or the equivalent in value in money
of said islands, upon such terms and conditions as it may deem best, registered or
coupon bonds of said government for such amount as may be necessary, said bonds
to be in denominations of fifty dollars or any multiple thereof, bearing interest at a
rate not exceeding four and a half per centum per annum, payable quarterly, and to
be payable at the pleasure of said government after dates named in said bonds, not
4ess than five nor more than thirty years from the date of their issue, together with
interest thereon, in gold coin of the United States of the present standard value or the
equivalent in v^lue in money of said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from
the payment of all taxes or duties of said government, or any local authority therein,
or of the Government of the United States, as well as from taxation in any form by or
under State, municipal, or local authority in the United States or the Philippine
Islands. The moneys which may be realized or received from the issue and sale of
said bonds shall be applied by the government of the Philippine Islands to the acquisi-
tion of the property authorized by this section, and to no other purposes.
Sec. 65. That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute
;a part and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands,
and may be held, sold, and conveyed, or leased temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years after their acquisition by said Government on such terms and conditions
as it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act:
Provided, That all deferred payments and the interest thereon shall be payable in the
money prescribed for the payment of principal and interest of the bonds authorized
to be issued in payment of said lands by the preceding section and said deferred
payments shall bear interest at the rate borne by the bonds. All money realized or
received from sales or other disposition of said lands or by reason thereof shall con-
stitute a trust fund for the payment of principal and interest of said })onds, and also
•constitute a sinking fund for the payment of said bonds at their maturity. Actual
settlers and occupants at the time said lands are acquired by the Government shall
have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their holdings within
such reasonable time as may be determined by said Government.
MUNICIPAL BONDS FOR PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS.
Sec 66. That for the purpose of providing funds to construct sewers, to furnish
adequate sewer and drainage facilities, to secure a sufficient supply of water, and to
provide all kinds of municipal betterments and improvements in municipalities, the
Government of the Philippine Islands, under such limitations, terms, and conditions
ADMINISTEATIOIST OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 511
as it may prescribe, with the consent and approval of the President and the Congress
of the United. States, may permit any municipality of said islands to incur indebt-
edness, borrow money, and to issue and sell (at not less than par value in gold coin
of the United States) registered or coupon bonds in such amount and payable at such
time as may be determined by the Government of said islands, with interest thereon
not to exceed five per centum per annum: Provided, That the entire indebtedness of
any municipality under this section shall not.exceed five per centum of the assessed
valuation of the property in said municipality, and any olDligation in excess of such
limit shall be null and void.
Sec. 67. That all municipal bonds shall be in denominations of fifty dollars, or any
multiple thereof, bearing interest at a rate no exceeding five per centum per annum,
payable quarterly, such bonds to be payable at the pleasure of the government of the
Philippine Islands, after dates names in said bonds not less than five nor more than
thirty years from the date of their issue, together with the interest thereon, in gold
coin of the United States of the present standard value, or its equivalent in value in
money of the said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from the payment of all
taxes or duties of the government of the Philippine Islands, or any local authority
therein, or the Government of the United States.
Sec. 68. That all moneys which may be realized or received from the issue and sale
of said bonds shall be utilized under authorization of the government of the Philippine
Islands in providing the municipal improvements and betterment which induced the
issue and sale of said bonds, and for no other piirpose.
Sec. 69. That the Government of the Philippine Islands shall, by the levy and
collection of taxes on the municipality, its inhabitants and their property, or by other
means, make adequate provision to meet the obligation of the bonds of such niunici-
pality, and shall create a sinking fund sufficient to retire them and pay interest thereon
in accordance with the terms of issue: Provided, That if said bonds or any portion
thereof shall be paid out of the funds of the Government of said islands, such munici-
pality shall reimburse said Government for the sum thus paid, and said Government is
hereby empowered to collect said sum by the levy and collection of taxes on such
municipality.
Sec 70. That for the purpose of providing funds to construct sewers in the city
of Manila and to furnish it with an adequate sewer and drainage system and supply
of water the Government of the Philippine Islands, with the approval of the President
of the United States first had, is hereby authorized to permit the city of Manila to
incur indebtedness, to borrow money, and to issue and sell (at not less than par value
in ^old coin of the United States), upon such terms and conditions as it may deem best,
registered or coupon bonds of the city of Manila to an amount not exceeding four mil-
lion dollars law^ful money of the United States, payable at such time or times as may
be determined by said Government, with interest thereon not to exceed five per
centum per annum.
Sec. 71. That said coupon or registered bonds shall be in denominations of fifty
dollars or any multiple thereof, bearing interest at a rate not exceeding five per
centum per annum, payable quarterly, such bonds to be payable at the pleasure of the
Government of the Philippine Islands, after dates named in said bonds not loss than
five nor more than thirty years from the date of their issue, together with the interest
thereon in gold coin of the United States of the present standard value, or the equiva-
lent in value in money of the said islands; and said bonds shall be exempt from the
payment of all taxes or duties of the Government of the said islands, or of any local
authority therein, or of the Government of the United States.
Sec 72. That all moneys which may be realized or received from the issue and sale
of said bonds shall be utilized under authorization of said Government of the Philippine
Islands in providing a suitable sewer and drainage system and adequate supply of
w^ater for the city of Manila and for no other purpose.
Sec 73. That the Government of the Philippine Islands shall, by the levy and col-
lection of taxes on the city of Manila, its inhabitants and their property, or by other
means, make adequate provision to meet the obligation of said bonds and shall create a
sinking fund sufificient to retire them and pay the interest thereon in accordance with
the terms of issue: Provided, That if said bonds or any portion thereof shall be paid out
of the funds of the Government of said islands, said city shall reimburse said Govern-
ment for the sum thus paid, and said Government is hereby empowered to collect said
sum by the levy and collection of taxes on said city.
franchises.
Sec 74. That the Government of the Philippine Islands may grant franchises,
privileges, and concessions, including the authority to exercise the right of eminent
domain, for the construction and operation of works of public utility and service, and
512 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
may authorize said works to be constructed and maintained over and across the public
property of the United States, including streets, highways, squares, and reservations,
and over similar property of the Government of said islands, and may adopt rules and
regulations under which the provincial and municipal Governments of the islands may
grant the right to use and occupy such public property belonging to said provinces
or municipalities: Provided^ That no private property shall be taken for any purpose
under this section without just compensation paid or tendered therefor, and that such
authority to take and occupy land shall not authorize the taking, use, or occupation
of any land exce])t such as is required for the actual necessary purposes for which the
franchise is granted, and that no franchise, privilege, or concession shall be granted
to any corporation except under the conditions that it shall be subject to amend-
ment, alteration, or repeal by the Congress of the United States, and that lands or
rights of use and occupation of lands thus granted shall revert to the governments by
which they were respectively granted upon the termination of the franchises and con-
cessions under which they were granted or upon their revocation or repeal. That all
franchises, privileges, or concessions granted under this act shall forbid the issue of
stock or bonds except in exchange for actual cash or for property at a fair valuation
equal to the par value of the stock or bonds so issued; shall forlDid the declaring of
stock or bond dividends, and, in the case of public-service corporations, shall provide
for the effective regulation of the charges thereof, for the official inspection and regu-
lation of the books and accounts of such corporations, and for the payment of a rea-
sonable percentage of gross earnings into the treasury of the Philippine Islands or of
the province or municipality within which such franchises are granted and exercised:
Provided further, That it shall be unlawful for any corporation organized under this
act, or for any person, company, or corporation receiving any grant, franchise, or
concession from the Government of said islands, to use, employ, or contract for the
labor of persons claimed or alleged to be held in involuntary servitude; and any per-
son, company, or corporation so violating the provisions of this act shall forfeit all
charters, grants, franchises, and concessions for doing business in said islands, and in
addition shall be deemed guilty of an offense, and shall be punished by a fine of not
less than ten thousand dollars.
Sec. 75. That no corporation shall be authorized to conduct the business of buying
and selling real estate or be permitted to hold or own real estate except such as may
be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out the purposes for which it is created,
and every corporation authorized to engage in agriculture shall by its charter be
restricted to the ownership and control of not to exceed one thousand and twenty-four
hectares of land; and it shall be unlawful for any member of a corporation engaged in
agriculture or mining and for any corporation organized for any purpose except irri-
gation to be in anywise interested in any other corporation engaged in agriculture or
m mining. Corporations, however, may loan funds upon real-estate security and
purchase real estate when necessary for the collection of loans, but they shall dispose
of real estate so obtained within five years after receiving the title. Corporations not
organized in the Philippine Islands and doing business therein shall be bound by the
provisions of this section so far as they are applicable.
Sec 76. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to
establish a mint at the city of Manila, in said islands, for coinage purposes, and the
coins hereinafter authorized may be coined at said mint. And the said Government
is hereby authorized to enact laws necessary for such establishment: Provided, That
the laws of the United States relating to mints and coinage, so far as applicable, are
hereby extended to the coinage of said islands.
Sec. 77^ That the Government of the Philippine Islands is authorized to coin, for
use in saia islands, a coin of the denomination of fifty centavos and of the weight of
one hundred and ninety-two and nine-tenths grains, a coin of the denomination of
twenty centavos and of the weight of seventy-seven and sixteen one-hundredths
grains, and a coin of the denomination of ten centavos and of the weight of thirty-eight
and fifty-eight one-hundredths grains, and the standard of said silver coins shall be
such that of one thousand parts by weight nine hundred shall be of pure metal and
one hundred of alloy, and tne alloy shall be of copper.
Sec 78. That the subsidiary silver coins authorized by the preceding section shall
be coined under the authority of the Government of the Philippine Islands in such
amounts as it may determine, with the approval of the Secretary of war of tht^ United
States, from silver bullion purchased by said Government, with the approval of the
Secretary of War of the United States: Provided, That said Government may in addi-
tion and in its difcretion recoin the Spanish Filipino dollars and subsidiary silver
coins issued under the authority of the Spanish Government for use in said islands
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 513
into the subsidiary coins provided for in the preceding section at such rate and under
Buch regulations as it may prescribe, and the subsidiary silver coins authorized by
this section shall be legal tender in said islands to the amount of ten dollars.
Sec. 79. That the Government of the Philippine Islands is also authorized to issue
minor coins of the denominations of one-half centavo,one centavo, and five centavos,
and such minor coins shall be legal tender in said islands for amounts not exceeding
one dollar. The alloy of the five-centavo piece shall be of copper and nickel, to be
composed of three-fourths copper and one-fourth nickel. The alloy of the one-centavo
and one-half-centavo pieces shall be ninety-five per centum of copper and five per
centum of tin and zinc, in such proportions as shall be determined by said govern-
ment. The weight of the five-centavo piece shall be seventy-seven and sixteen-
hundredths grains troy, and of the one-centavo piece eighty grains troy, and of the one-
half-centavo piece forty grains troy.
Sec 80. That for the purchase of metal for the subsidiary and minor coinage, author-
ized by the preceding sections, an appropriation may be made by the Government of
the Philippine Islands from its current funds, which shall be reimbursed from the
coinage under said sections; and the gain or seigniorage arising therefrom shall be paid
into the treasury of said islands.
Sec. 81. That the subsidiary and minor coinage hereinbefore authorized may be
coined at the mint of the Government of the Philippine Islands at Manila, or arrange-
ments may be made by the said Government with the Secretary of the Treasury of the
United States for their coinage at any of the mints of the United States, at a charge
covering the reasonable cost of the work.
Sec. 82. That the subsidiary and minor coinage hereinbefore authorized shall bear
devices and inscriptions to be prescribed by the Government of the Philippine Islands
and such devices and inscriptions shall express the sovereignty of the United States,
that it is a coin of the Philippine Islands, the denomination of the coin, and the year
of the coinage.
Sec. 83. That the Government of the Philippine Islands shall have the power to
make all necessary appropriations and all proper regulations for the redemption and
reissue of worn or defective coins and for carrying out all other provisions of this act
relating to coinage.
Sec. 84. That the laws relating to entry, clearance, and manifests of steamships and
other vessels arriving from or going to foreign ports shall apply to voyages each way
between the Philippine Islands and the United States and the possessions thereof,
and all laws relating to the collection and protection of customs duties not inconsistent
with the act of Congress of March eighth, nineteen hundred and two, "temporarily
to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands," shall apply in the case of vessels and
goods arriving from said islands m the United States and its aforesaid possessions.
The laws relating to seamen on foreign voyages shall apply to seamen on vessels
going from the United States and its possessions aforesaid to said islands, the customs
officers there being for this purpose substituted for consular officers in foreign ports.
The provisions of chapters six and seven, title forty-eight. Revised Statutes, so far
as now in force, and any amendments thereof, shall apply to vessels making voyages
either way between ports of the United States or its aforesaid possessions and ports in
said islands; and the provisions of law relating to the public health and quarantine
shall apply in the case of all vessels entering a port of the United States or its aforesaid
possessions from said islands, where the customs officers at the port of departure shall
perform the duties required by such law of consular officers in foreign ports.
Section three thousand and five, Revised Statutes, as amended, and other existing
laws concerning the transit of merchandise through the United States, shall apply to
merchandise arriving at any port of the United States destined for any of its insular
and continental possessions, or destined from any of them to foreign countries.
Nothing in this act shall be held to repeal or alter any part of the act of March eighth,
nineteen hundred and two, aforesaid, or to apply to Guam, Tutuila, or Manua, except
that section eight of an act entitled ' 'An act to revise and amend the tariff laws of the
Philippine Archipelago," enacted by the Philippine Commission on the seven-
teenth of September, nineteen hundred and one, and approved by an act entitled
"An act temporarily to provide revenues for the Philippine Islands, and for other
purposes," approved March eighth, nineteen hundred and two, is hereby amended
so as to authorize the civil governor thereof in his discretion to establish the equivalent
rates of the money in circulation in said islands with the money of the United States as
often as once in ten days.
Sec. 85. That the treasury of the Philippine Islands and such banking associations
in said islands with a paid-up capital of not less than two million dollars and chartered
by the United States or any State thereof, as may be designated by the Secretary of
War and the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, shall be depositories of
514 ADMIKISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
public money of the United States, subject to the provisions of existing law governing
Buch depositories in the United States: Provided, That the treasury of the Government
of said islands shall not be required to deposit bonds in the Treasury of the United
States, or to give other specific securities for the safe-keeping of public money except
as prescribed, in his discretion, by the Secretary of War.
Sec. 86. That all laws passed by the Government of the Philippine Islands shall be
reported to Congress, which hereby reserves the power and authority to annul the same,
and the Philippine Commission is hereby directed to make annual report of all its
receipts and expenditures to the Secretary of War.
BUREAU OF INSULAR AFFAIRS.
Sec. 87. That the Division of Insular Affairs of the War Department, organized by
the Secretary of War, is hereby continued until otherwise provided, and shall hereafter
be known as the Bureau of Insidar Affairs of the War Department. The business
assigned to said bureau shall embrace all matters pertaining to civil government in the
island possessions of the United States subject to the jurisdiction of the War Depart-
ment; and the Secretary of War is hereby authorized to detail an officer of the Army,
whom he may consider especially well qualified, to act under the authority of the
Secretary of War as the chief of said bureau; and said officer while acting under said
detail shall have the rank, pay, and allowances of a colonel.
Sec. 88. That all acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act are hereby repealed.
Approved, July 1, 1902.
Mr. Douglas. You have not compared it, have you, Mr. Jones, as
a matter of accuracy with the official pubhcation ?
Mr. Jones. I have not compared it with the official publication.
It reads:
That all lands acquired by virtue of the preceding section shall constitute a part
and portion of the public property of the Government of the Philippine Islands and
may be held, sold, and conveyed or leased temporarily for a period not exceeding
three years after the acquisition by said Government on such terms and conditions as
it may prescribe, subject to the limitations and conditions provided for in this act.
Mr. Hamilton. This is '^ prescribed in this act.'^
Mr. Jones. You are reading from Mr. Worcester's so-called report.
I am reading from the act itself. It says, ^'and conditions provided
for in this act. ' '
You will observe, Mr. Worcester, that that does not state ' 'subject
to the limitations and conditions provided for in this section,'^ but ^'in
this act.'' Now I would be glad to have you state why you assume to
substitute the word ^'section" for the word ^'act" as employed in that
section. Would it not have been just as easy for the Congress to have
used the word ^'section," and would it not have been much more
proper for it to have used the word ^'section" if it had intended it to
apply to that sixty-fifth section alone ?
Mr. Worcester. I shall be very glad to make a statement on that
subject, Mr. Jones. May I preface it by saying that unfortunately I
am not a lawyer, and when I state my opinion with positiveness as to
what the law is, it must be understood that I am not attempting to set
myself up as a court of last appeal. Lacking legal knowledge, I can
only apply the criterion of common sense as the basis of judgment in
this discussion.
The Chairman. You do not mean to imply that a lawyer would not
do that 'I
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Jones. I would like you to answer my specific question before
you go into a discussion of it. The question is, if you do not think
the Congress of the United States should have used the word '^section "
where it did use the word '^ act'' if it intended to confine the limitations
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 515
fco those in the sixty-fifth section^ or to the lack of limitations in the
sixty-fifth section.
Mr. WoiiCESTER. If it is intended to refer to the limitations con-
tained in the sixty-fifth section and to those only, Mr. Jones, I think
that the act would have been in better form.
One thing will immediately appear, gentlemen, in comparing these
two sections, which does not seem to me to involve any complicated
question at all, and therefore comes within the comprehension of an
untrained man like myself, and I would like to be allowed to state the
two considerations which led me to believe that the conditions
enumerated in section 15 were not those referred to in section 65.
Mr. Crumpacker. I think that should be allowed as bearing on
your good faith in these transactions. State the reasons for acting as
you did in your interpretation of the law.
Mr. Worcester. I take it for granted that the object of this law
was to get the friar land occupied by Filipinos into their possession,
and I should consider the object of the law
Mr. Crumpacker. I move that when we take a recess it be from
1 to 2 o^ clock this afternoon.
The Chairman. It is now a little after 12 o'clock. A motion has
been made to take a recess at 1 o'clock until 2 o'clock. All in favor
of the motion will say ^^aye"; those opposed, ^^no." The ^'ayes''
have it, and it is agreed to.
If there is no objection, Mr. Worcester can proceed with his
statement.
Mr. Worcester. I take it for granted that these provisions of law
would be construed in accordance with the manifest purpose of the
legislative body, which was to get the lands into the hands of the
occupants. I base that view as to the purpose of the section on its
last sentence, which reads as follows:
Actual settlers and occupants at the time such lands are acquired by the govern-
ment shall have the preference over all others to lease, purchase, or acquire their
holdings.
Please note those words: ''Their holdings within such reasonable
time as shall be determined by said government."
Knowing, as I do, the care which is expended upon congressional
legislation, I should certainly expect that if it was the purpose of
Congress to limit the acquiring of holdings to those holding not in
excess of 16 hectares, it would by the insertion of a few words at that
point have made that thing perfectly plain, and would have drafted
that passage so as to read, ''purchase or acquire their holdin|^s not
in excess of 16 hectares within such reasonable time," etc.
But instead of that the words used are ^' their holdings." And, as
a matter of fact, there were more than 500 people in the Philippine
Islands who were large owners and occupied friar lands in excess of
16 hectares.
I call your attention further to the fact that the law reads "witliin
such reasonable time as may be determined by the Philippine Gov-
ernment," leaving us to fix that time.
Now, if you will refer to section 15 you will find, first, that the
amount of public land which may be conveyed to an individual is
limited to 16 hectares, and that provision of section 15 is therefore
in flat contradiction with the corresponding provision of section 65.
516 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
And I call your attention to the fact that there is a second contradic-
tion, namely, that as to this matter of the time within which these
holdings may be conveyed. Section 15 provides
Mr. Jones. I want to ask you a question right there. You think
that if Congress had intended to put the construction upon this sec-
tion which some gentlemen place upon it they would have been care-
ful to have added the words ^^not in excess of 16 hectares.'^ Now,
don't you think that if they had intended the contrary they would
have inserted the words '^or acquire their holdings in the friar lands
or under this section^'; some language such as that?
Mr. Worcester. It seems to me that the words ^Hheir holdings'^
are ample to cover the whole thing. They are as general as they
possibly could be.
Mr. Jones. Don't you think it would be much fairer, if your con-
tention is correct, for Congress to have added the words ^'acquire
their holdings in these friar lands ?" That would have made it plain,
would it not ?
Mr. Worcester. As they were legislating for the friar lands
specifically in this section, it seems to me it would be unnecessary to
include those words.
Mr. Jones. I think it was unnecessary to include the other. That
is why I called your attention to it.
Mr. Worcester. I agree with you, because this expression which
they did use is sweeping.
Now, I wish to call your attention to the second contradiction.
You will find that section 65 provides for the acquirement of these
holdings ^^ within such reasonable time as may be determined by said
government,'^ leaving us free to act, whereas the conditions of the
public-land act relating to the time within which title to public lands
might be obtained, and in fact all the conditions specified in the public-
land act, were subject to the approval of the President and the subse-
quent action of Congress. But going back to section 15, we find that
there is a provision there limiting the action of the Philippine Com-
mission in enacting the public-land act relative to the public domain,
covering this very question of time. The proviso of section 15 reads:
Provided, That the grant or sale of such lands, whether the purchase price be paid
at once or partial payment, shall be on condition of actual and continued occupancy,
improvement, and cultivation of the premises sold for a period of not less than five
years, during which time the purchaser or grantee can not alienate or encumbersaid
land or the title thereto.
Now, compare that, if you please, with the words '^ within such
reasonable time as may be determined by the Philippine government,^'
and it seems to me you will find a flat contradiction. This section 15
specifies a period of not less than five years before title can pass, and
further specifies that the purchaser or grantee can not alienate or
or encumber said land or the title thereto within that period; and even
then securing title is contingent on the actual and continued occu-
pancy and improvement and cultivation of the premises during the
live-year period. Now, remembering that some of these friar-land
claimants have ten or a dozen diflFerent holdings, how are they going
to occupy them all in the first place ? They clearly could not do it.
If it had been provided that we could not sell them their holdings
for five years, would this not have resulted necessarily in the very
delay which Mr. Martin has charged us with bringing it about ? In
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 517
other words, are not the hmitations and conditions relative to the
tract that may be transferred and the time within which the transfer
may be made^ which are clearly set forth in section 65, indicative of
the fact that in referring to '^the limitations and conditions provided
for in this act'^ Congress did not refer to the limitations and conditions
of section 15?
The Chairman. Right there, Mr. Worcester, when it says in this
section 65, '^subject to the limitations and conditions provided for
in this act,'' what is your understanding of the limitations and con-
ditions referred to ?
Mr. Worcester. I understand them to be in part those in sec-
tion 55.
Mr. Crumpacker. There are a lot of conditions in section 65 in
relation to the period of lease of three years and the preference to the
occupants, and that is different from the preference to the occupants
in section 15 and different in money and rate of payment and rate of
interest, and where the money shall go. Under the provisions respect-
ing the sale of public lands the proceeds go into the Public Treasury.
There are a lot of conditions and limitations which bear on the execu-
tive officers of the Government as well as upon the purchaser and the
manner of sale. There are six or eight. You see, if we get into this
proposition here in the committee we may spend three or four days,
or all of the Christmas holidays, thrashing out this question of law,
and therefore I think the Secretary of the Interior ought to be per-
mitted to explain briefly his reasons for believing that the limitations
of section 15 did not apply to the unoccupied lands of the friars'
estates, simply as a matter of good faith, not as determining what
the law is.
Mr. Jones. I think you are entirely right about that, Judge
Crumpacker, but my reason for raising this question was that Mr.
Worcester had not expressed it merely as a matter of belief at all, but
very positively as a matter of law, knowing that that was one of the
involved questions I wanted to ask him about.
Mr. Douglas. He could not express his opinion as being anything
more.
Mr. Jones. I want to ask him two or three questions as to what
he has said. Your contention is, then, Mr. Worcester, that if Con-
gress had intended that the construction should be placed upon this
section which Mr. Martin and others, who think as he thinks, have
placed upon it, they would certainly have added some such language
as that suggested by you after the w^ord ^^holdings" — ^4n excess of
16 hectares"?
Mr. Worcester. I beg your pardon, sir; no, sir; I do not contend
that. I simply said they would have improved the law and done
away witli this whole discussion if that had been done. In view of
the care with which legislation is usually drafted, it would have been
reasonable to expect that.
Mr. Jones. And that that would have made it plain that Mr.
Martin's contention was correct ?
Mr. Worcester. I think so.
Mr. Jones. Now, on the other hand, suppose that, instead of adding
the language which you suggested — would it not have been well for
Congress to have added the language which I now will suggest, in
518 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
order to have made your contention clear, ^^or acquire their holdings,
notwithstanding that those holdings may be in excess of 16 hectares V^
Mr, IIamilton. Where would you propose to incorporate that, Mr.
Jones ?
Mr. Jones. After the w^ord ^4ioldings'' in the next to the last line
in section 65.
Mr. Hamilton. Will you please restate that ?
^Ir. Jones. Yes. I understood from what Mr. Worcester said
that in view of the care with which acts of Congress are drafted, if
it had been the purpose of Congress to limit the holdings of an indi-
vidual in friar lands to 16 hectares, it would have been much better
if Congress had added after the word ^^ holdings'' the w^ords ^^not in
excess of 16 hectares.'' Now, of course that would have made it
plain. I ask, how^ever, if his contention be true, w^ould not Congress
liave made what he contends for plain had it added, not what he
suggests, but what I suggest after the word ^^Iioldings," the words
'^notwithstanding that those holdings may be in excess of 16
hectares?" If that language had been in there, there could have
been no question. If the language that Mr. Worcester puts in had
been in, of course there coukLhave been no question; no question
but that Mr. Martin's construction of the law is correct if the lan-
guage wliich I suggest had been put in, and there could be no more
room for the contention that the construction of Mr. Worcester is
correct. But the Congress did not put in the language that he sug-
gests, nor did it put in the language wliich I suggest, and now we
must construe the act as it appears in the statute.
And now I want to ask one more question.
Mr. Douglas. Let him answer that first before you begin another.
Mr. Hamilton. An analogous commentary can be made upon
every statute the construction of which is brought into any question;
that is to say, an ex post facto discussion of what might have been
inserted in the act to prevent the discussion which has arisen.
Mr. Jones. Just as I say, and therefore it is just as fair for Mr.
Martin or some one who holds as he does to suggest that if Congress
had meant dillerently they ought to have put in the language which I
suggest.
Mr. Hamilton. That is an argument for the court.
Mr. Jones. Purely an argument, and also Mr. Worcester's sugges-
tion that he would put in the language that he contends for.
Mr. Douglas. This is not in the form of a question. Mr. Chairman,
I appeal to the stenographer's notes as to whether this learned
exposition of the law^ w^as put in the form of a question to Mr. Worcester
upon the theory that the only possible materiality of the opinion of
anybody in the matter was to be Mr. Worcester's opinion as evidence
of or lack of good faith in the matter, and I think Mr. Worcester
should have an opportunity to state it.
Mr. Jones. I have no objection to Mr. Worcester's making a state-
ment in regard to that, but my statement was made with reference to
Mr. Hamilton's remark.
Mr. Worcester. I want to say, gentlemen, that yesterday I got
into some confusion as a result of tlie fact that several questions
were asked me at once. I answered a question about friar lands
wlien I sliould have answered one about |)ui)lic lands. Mr. Jones has
asked me a very long and (complicated question now, and I would
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 519
like to answer it before lie asks another. I would like to answer that.
My mental apparatus is taxed to remember the question already
asked. ^ Now, replying to your question, Mr. Jones, I am sadly afraid
that neither this committee nor the Congress will attach the impor-
tance to my opinion as to how this law should have been framed
that it is entitled to. What Congress did say is that actual settlers
and occupjants should be entitled to purchase or acquire their holdings,
and that is what we have given to them, regardless of whether these
holdings were less or more than 16 hectares in extent, and in doing
that I believe we carried out the will of Congress. It did not seem
possible that Congress intended the conditions of section 15 to be
carried into section 65. When the question was raised I did not go
further than to look at section 15 and note that there were direct
contradictions between its provisions as to the time within which
public-land sales could be completed and the sizes of tracts which
might be sold and the corresponding provisions of section 65 relative
to friar lands. I therefore concluded that the ^'limitations and
conditions'^ referred to in section 65 could not possibly be those of
section 15.
Mr. Jones. Now, Mr. Worcester, I want to ask jon just one more
question: Assuming that Congress exercised the care in the prepara-
tion of that section which you attribute to Congress, why was the
word ''act,'' or rather the words "this act," employed instead of the
words "this section" ?
Mr. Worcester. I presume, sir, because there were conditions
elsewhere in the act than in that section.
Mr. Jones. But, Mr. Worcester, the language is "subject to the
limitations and conditions provided for in this act." These lands
were to be leased and sold "subject to the conditions provided for
in this act." Now, if this did not mean the conditions in the act,
and certainly section 15 is a part of the act, why did it not say "this
section" if it intended to make the limitations and conditions apply
to this section alone ?
Mr. Worcester. Because, Mr. Jones, Congress was dealing with
two — and, in fact, various — completely distinct subjects here. It dealt
with friar lands in one way. It dealt with public lands in another
way, and there were conditions applicable to friar lands in other
sections.
It contained provisions concerning mineral lands, and it contained
provisions concerning forest lands, and various other provisions of
fundamental importance dealing with quite a range of subjects. Now,
I take it for granted, in view of the fact that section 65 was dealing
with the friar lands, that the conditions referred to in it were such
conditions as were applicable to the friar lands and no others.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Worcester, this act provides for the holding and
selling and conveying and leasing of the friar lands ; this section 65 ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. And it says, in so many words, that after that the
leasing and conveying and the selling must be subject to the limita-
tions and conditions provided for in this act which I hold in my hand,
and I do not think that you have answered my specific question.
Mr. Worcester. I have tried to, sir, in good faith. Perhaps I
can put it in another way, and make my contention clear. You
have observed that the friar-lands act took effect on April 26, 1904,
520 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPIKE LANDS.
and the public-lands act did not take effect until the 26th of July.
The latter was by the Congress surrounded with all sorts of condi-
tions and safeguards, but we were left free to pass the former in
the form that we saw fit, and we did pass it and put it into effect
before these special conditions that entered into the public-lands act
became effective at all. Now, the Congress was dealing with many
different subjects, and it is expressly provided that the friar lands
shall be part of the public property of the Philippine Islands, whereas
the crown lands remain the property of the Government of the United
States, and I do not seediow it could be held that the two were sub-
jected to the same conditions unless there was an express statement
to that effect.
The Chairman. Capt. Sleeper has put in a list of friar-land pur-
chasers and the areas sold, but there are no dates. I understand
from that and what you have said that there have been a good many
sales to Filipinos in excess of 16 acres apiece. I want to ask you
whether they occurred before or after the sale of the San Jose estate.
The question is whether that was or was not the firs^ sale in excess
of 16 hectares.
Mr. Worcester. Oh, many sales of 16 hectares were made before
that, I am sure.
Mr. Douglas. Both before and after?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, will you state something about the Isa-
bela estate ? Where is that located ?
Mt. Worcester. That is located in the Province of Isabela, the
grovince of the same name, which is in the north of Luzon. The
rovince of Isabela is shown in pink on the map here [indicating],
and the estate lies in about where I am pointing with my pencil, so
that it is very near the center of the great land mass of northern
Luzon.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is that in what is called the Cagayan Valley
Mr. Worcester. Yes; it is in the Cagayan Valley.
Mr. Crumpacker. How far is it from the Cagayan River ?
Mr. Worcester. It is on the Magat Iliver, one of the important
tributaries of the Cagayan River.
Mr. Crumpacker. How far is that from Manila ?
Mr. Worcester. It is about 130 miles from the mouth of the
river. It must be about 250 miles around by sea to Manila, Mr.
Crumpacker, I think. The only possible way of getting to it for
business purposes is to go by water from Manila to the Aparri at the
mouth of the Rio Grande de Cagayan, and then to ascend the Rio
Grande to the capital of Isabela, and then go OA^erland to the estate.
All that [indicating] is on the Magat River. The current is strong
and the river is sometimes so shallow that you can not go up it.
You can come down it sometimes in a small boat, but you can not
often go up it.
Mr. Crumpacker. How far from the mouth of the Rio Grande
River is it ?
Mr. Worcester. I should say 130 miles.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is there any railroad communication to the prov-
ince of Isabela ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. We tried originally to bring about the
extension of the railway through Neuva Viscaya, this province right
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 521
here [indicating], to the Cagayan Valley and down that valley to
Appari, but we could not get anybody to undertake its construction.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are there any improved highways connecting
this estate with other provinces in the outer world ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. The estate can be reached with wheeled
vehicles, I think, in the dry season, because the land in that vicinity
is an enormous plain, and during the dry season carts may pass over
it in almost any direction, but during the wet season, I think at
present, it would be accessible only on horseback.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the size of the Isabela estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I shall have to refer to my notes a moment to
tell. It is 49,727.50 acres.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the general character of that land ?
Mr. Worcester. It is very level land. A part of it is in the form
of an island in the river, and that portion is very rich. Things grow
on it with extraordinary luxuriance. The rest of it is like all of those
enormous plains of Isabela. It is said that when the friars actually
raised tobacco there it grew very luxuriantly, but it was rank. The
leaves were thick and oily, and it was not of good quality. In
general, it can be said that the land is rich land.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is it overflowed in times of heavy rains and
torrents ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; except that it becomes flooded by the
rain, which does not flow off readily. It becomes boggy by reason of
the rains, but that is due to the fact that there is so little slope over
large areas of it that the water does not readily find its way off.
Mr. Crumpacker. Is there any timber on that estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I think not, sir. There is timber on this island
that I referred to. I have only visited the estate once, but then I rode
across it from side to side. So far as I now remember, there is no
considerable amount of timber on it.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many occupants were on that estate at
the time the lease was made to Mr. Bruce ?
Mr. Worcester. Very few, sir. I can not answer that question
accurately, but they were so few that their holdings were nearly
negligible. I will insert the accurate figures in the record later.
Mr. Crumpacker. How about the occupants having secured their
possession by lease or certificates of purchase ?
Mr. Worcester. All of them had so protected themselves prior
to the time when the lease for the unoccupied lands was made.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is that soil adapted to? What kind of
agriculture or what kind of farming?
Mr. Worcester. We had always believed that it was adapted to
tobacco growing. Tobacco growing is the principal industry, almost
the only industry, you might say, of the Cagayan Valley, but the
experts who have examined the estate report adversely on most of it
as a tobacco estate and say it is, on trie other hand, adapted to
growing sugar.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the capital of the province of Isabela?
Mr. Worcester. The town of Ilagan.
Mr. Crumpacker. How far from it is the estate ?
Mr. Worcester. It is about 20 miles. It is misleading to attempt
to judge distances on horseback; a tired horse takes longer and a wet
trail seems to increase the distance traveled.
8227S°~-H. Pvept. 22S9, 61-3 37
522 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. How densel}^ populated is that province of
Isabela ?
Mr. Worcester. I have no figures here, but I can readily give you
the population to the square mile to-morrow.
Mr. Crumpacker. I would hke to have that put in the record. I
wish also you would put in the population of the capital of Isabela.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; I will.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are there any other towns or cities of consider-
able size near the estate ?
Mr. Worcester. There is Nagilian on the main river, and Gamu
on the same river on which the estate lies; that is, the Magat. The
town of Kawayan is as near as is the capital of the province. You
pass through Gamu in going from the capital to the estate.
Mr. Crumpacker. How far is Gamu from the estate?
Mr. Worcester. I should say about 10 miles. I could not tell, Mr.
Crumpacker, just where the boundary of that estate came. It was
not marked in any way when I went over it.
Mr. Crumpacker. Who holds the lease for the unoccupied portions
of the Isabela estate ?
Mr. Worcester. That lease is held by Mr. Edward B. Bruce.
Mr. Crumpacker. Who is Mr. Edward B. Bruce?
Mr. Worcester. He is an attorney in the city of Manila.
Mr. Crumpacker. How long has he lived there ?
Mr. Worcester. Several years; I could not say exactly; I should
think three years.
Mr. Crumpacker. His right is simply a leasehold, is it?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know what rental he pays?
Mr. Worcester. I understand he pays a nominal rental of 100
[)esos for one year. The lease terminates in a year. It is a special
ease and does not confer the right of purchase unless that right is
exercised within the year.
Mr. Crumpacker. It does confer the right to purchase if it is made
within the rental period ?
Mr. Yv^orcester. Yes, sir. It gives him the right to purchase the
unoccupied lands on the estate within a year.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know whether he leased the land for his
own purposes or as the representatives of some one else ?
Mr. Worcester. He leased the land as the representative of other
men in Manila.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know who his principals were ?
Mr. Worcester. I have known and have stated in my report;
Mr. Lowenstein
Mr. Douglas. What page is that?
Mr. Worcester. I am looking for it. It is a little difficult to find it
here. [After a pause.] I have found it now.
Mr. Crumpacker. Give the names if you have them.
Mr. Worcester. It is on page 72 of my report. Mr. Bruce stated
to me that he represented Mr. M. Lowenstein, Mr. W. II. Lawrence,
and Mr. Walter E. Olsen.
Mr. Crumpacker. Where do these men hve ?
Mr. Worcester. In Manila.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are they in business in Manila 1
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 623
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; Mr. Lowenstein is a member of the firm
of Castle Bros,, Wolf & Sons, large importers and dealers in Amer-
ican goods, agricultural machinery, and quite a large variety of
goods. When I say ^^ American goods'^ I do not mean to say that
that is their only business, but America is their principal source of
supply. Mr. Lawrence is an attorney in Manila. Mr. Olsen is
engaged in the tobacco business in the city of Manila. I think he also
does some contracting there.
Mr. Crump ACKER. Do you know whether the purchasers who have
exercised their rights of purchase under the lease intend to improve
the estate "^
Mr. Worcester. Their intention was to develop a tobacco plan-
tation there if the land proved suitable. I understand it was their
intention actually to cultivate the land as a tobacco plantation.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have you talked with either of the three pur-
chasers— Lowenstein, or Lawrence, or Olsen — respecting their pur-
chase of the property ?
Mr. Worcester, t asked Mr. Lowenstein the specific question
whether these men formed a corporation or an association of pur-
chasers wthin the meaning of the law, or as to whether they were
members of corporations authorized to engage in agriculture, and I
was informed that they were not; that they did not form a corpo-
ration, and were not members of other agricultural corporations, but
were acting purely as individuals.
(Thereupon, at 1 o^clock p. m., a recess was taken until 2 o'clock
p.m.)
after recess.
House of Representatives,
Committee on Insular Affairs,
Tuesday^ Decemher 20. 1910.
The committee resumed its hearing at 2 o'clock p. m., Mr. Olmsted
(chairman) presiding.
TESTIMONY OF MR. D. C. WORCESTER— Continued.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are you personally acquainted with Messrs.
Lawrence and Olsen, as well as Mr. Lowenstein, for whom Mr. Bruce
leased the Isabela estate?
Mr. Worcester. I have a casual acquaintance with those gentle-
men ; Mr. Lowenstein is a personal friend of mine.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether they are reputable business men.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; they are all reputable business men.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are they men of good financial standing?
Mr. Worcester. I think they are men of means.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was it ever intimated or suggested to you by
anyone that the Isabela estate was to be purchased for the use or
benefit of a corporation, either directl}^ or indirectly?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. My opinion is that this transaction
was exactly what it shows for on its face.
Mr. Crumpacker. You made some reference in your testimony
before dinner to a conversation you had with Mr. Lowenstein, in
which you asked him if the persons for whom the estate was to be
purchased were to incorporate or become an association?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; I asked him if they had formed a cor-
poration or association.
Mr. Crumpacker. You understand, doubtless, that the law — the
organic act — prohibits one corporation from owning more than 1,024
hectares of land in the Philippines?
Mr. Worcester. I suppose that the words " association of persons "
were in effect another way of saying the same thing.
Mr. Crumpacker. The sections of the organic act relating to the
sale of public lands in the Philippines limit the quantity of public
lands that can be sold to a corporation or an association of persons
to 1,024 hectares.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Section 75 limits the quantity of land that a
corporation may acquire without regard to the source of its title,
and is limited to corporations, which does not include associations of
persons.
Mr. Worcester. I had overlooked that fact.
Mr. Crumpacker. If section 15 applies to friar lands, that ques-
tion of association of persons, of course, would not be involved in
this controversy.
Mr. Worcester. I should say not.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is the law.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
525
526 ABMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPIlSrE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. On what terms was the Isabela estate to be
leased ; that the lessee have the right to purchase on the same terms
as any other friar estate?
Mr. WoRCESi^R. He must pay the original cost and also the ad-
ministration charges in connection with the estate; also the interest
on purchase price.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know what the purchase price of that
estate was?
Mr. WoRCEsi^R. Yes, sir. The purchase price of the Isabela es-
tate was $159,858.01.
Mr. Crumpacker. Between three and four dollars per acre. Has
any work been done on that estate so far by the lessee ?
Mr. Worcester. Not so far as I know, except such as has been
carried on by the expert whom they sent there for the purpose of
looking into the soil conditions.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has any income been derived since the Govern-
ment owned that estate from any of the unoccupied portions of it?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know whether the lessee of the estate
has now any part of it rented for pasturage?
Mr. Worcester. I think not, hardly. There are enormous areas
of public lands in Isabela Province on which cattle can run, and I
am safe in saying thai no one would pay rent for pasturage in that
vicinity.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the area of the Province of Isabela in
square miles?
Mr. WoKCESTER. I can not give you that now. It is a large prov-
ince. I will furnish the figures to-morrow.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the character of the soil generally?
Mr. Worcester. It is potentially a very rich province; the soil is
exceptionally good. It is exceptionally available, because such very
extensive areas of it are flat.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have you sold or leased any of the public lands
in this province?
Mr. WoRCES^n]R. I have no personal knowledge of any sales or
leases. I will furnish the exact figures to-morrow.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know about how many acres of the public
lands — unoccupied lands — have been sold or leased under the terms of
the Public Land Act ? ^
Mr. Worcester. A very limited amount. I can give you the figures
in a moment. The total applications for .sales had been 332 in num-
ber on the 1st of July of the present year, covering 24,992xy^
acres. The lease applications were 185 and covered 123,759 acres,
but the actual transactions will have been very much lessened, as these
were applications only and in a great many cases they were never car-
ried through.
Mr. Crumpacker. The Government has the power to lease to indi-
viduals 1,024 hectares of public lands?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. And sales were limited to 16 acres ?
Mr. Worcester. The sales to individuals are limited to 16 acres.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has any effort been made to build a railroad
up through the Cagayan Valley that will bring that country in close
proximity to the Isabela estate?
ADMIIsriSTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 527
Mr. Worcester. The Government has tried very hard to interest
capital in the construction of a railroad through the Cagayan Valley,
but up to this time we have received no encouragement. There has
not been even a preliminary survey made, so that the only outlet to
the sea is afforded by the Cagayan River itself. During part of the
year this river is so low as to be unserviceable as a means of trans-
portation, and during another period of the year the floods are so
great as to make navigation dangerous. If we had a railroad up
there it might lead to a marked increase in the population of that
valley, which is capable of supporting a large proportion of the pres-
ent inhabitants of the Philippines.
Mr. Crumpacker. That valley is very fertile ?
Mr, Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. It is very sparsely populated?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Because of lack of communication with the
outer world?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crubipacker. Little or no development in that valley at all?
Mr. Worcester. Comparatively little. The present owners of the
tob'aceo estates encountered great difficulty in getting labor there.
Mr. Crumpacker. And in marketing their products ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; on account of the unoertain means of
transportation afforded by the river.
Mr. Cruimpacker. I have no further questions to ask Mr. Worces-
ter in relation to the Isabella estate.
Mr. Jones. I would like to ask you one question which occurs to
me with reference to statements 3^ou have already made. You stated
tliat the charges which have resulted in this investigation have had
the effect in the Philippine Islands of starting up some feeling on the
part of the Filipinos who had purchased land; that they were uneasy
about their holdings.
Mr. WoRCEsraR. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. Is it true or not that prior to the introduction of the
resolution of Mr. Martin and the speech whicli he made in the House
of Representatives — is it not true that prior to tliis some of the Phil-
ippine papers had agitated this subject and discussed it in the news-
papers?
Mr. Worcester. Some of the papers had discussed the question of
the sale of friar lands in large tracts. So far as I know, no paper had
ever so much as intimated that there was any project on foot for
depriving lessees and piirchasers of friar lands of their holdings.
Mr. Jones. The question of the exploitation of the lands by a for-
eign corporation had not been discussed in the papers there ])rior
to the introduction of tlie resolution? Had the particular transac-
tion relating to the sale of the San Jose holdings — had not that l)ee]i
discussed in the papers?
Mr. Worcester. I think it had been, but not generally. There
was no general agitation in connection with it extending to the
provinces. It Avas largely confined to Manila. There was one public
meeting at Manila, held by some law students at which protest was
made, but this was not prior to Mr. Martin's speech. I know of no
meetings or of similar agitation by groups of people having been
made prior to the tinie of Mr. j\Iartiii's speech.
528 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Jones. Did not the newspapers criticize the transaction rela-
tive to the San Jose estate ?
Mr. Worcester. There are newspapers at ManiLa that criticize
the investment of any x\merican capital in the Philippines.
Mr. Jones. May not that criticism have had something to do with
the feeling you speak of rather than Mr. Martin's speech?
Mr. Worcester. I think not; because that did not reach the people
of whom I speak. What these people are troubled about is the state-
ment that all these friar lands are to be turned over to grasping
monopolies and that they will be dispossessed of their holdings and
such assurances as we can give them do not always serve to quiet them.
Mr. Jones. But is it not a fact that the newspapers there started
the discussion and that Mr. Martin did not do it ?
Mr. Worcester. I think it would prove on an investigation of the
files of the papers that there was some complaint at the time that tl^e
facts as to the disposal of the San Jose estate became know^n.
Mr. Jones. Was there not some criticism of the sale of the Isabela
estate in the new^spapers?
Mr. Worcester. I do not remember having seen anything ; it would
be just as likely to occur in connection with one estate as in connection
with other estate.
Mr. Jones. Was there any criticism in connection with the trans-
action of Mr. Carpenter?
Mr. Worcester. I never heard of any criticism in the Philippines^
either public or private, regarding the Carpenter transaction, and I
am in position to show by dociunentary evidence that the Filipinos
were not, and are not, in any way opposed to that transaction.
Mr. Madison. In connection witli your statement that certain news-
papers had criticized the sale of the San Jose estate, and that the
same papers w^ere in the habit of criticizing investments by Ameri-
cans. Why are such criticisms made?
Mr. Worcester. It is political objection, pure and simple, as I
understand it. Some of the people there seem to think that investments
by Americans in the Philippine Islands wnll necessarily delay the day
w^hen they may get their independence. Now, as a matter of fact, Mr.
Taft, on the occasionof his last visit tothePhilippines,stated at a public
banquet that the Filipinos must understand that there would be no
probability of their gaining their independence until they could
establish a government of such a character that the lives and prop-
erty of the Americans w^ho have seen fit to throw in their lot with
the Philippines w^ould be respected and safe. I do not believe that
the mass of the people, or the better people, really object, but the
truth is, we have only two political parties in the Philippines, the
" ins " and the *' outs." The old Nationalist Party, which went in on
the issue of demanding immediate independence, afterwards felt
the sobering effect of responsibility. Many of its leading members
were elected to office, including membership in the low^er house.
They have voted in favor of laws which have since been passed. Of
course, if they had refused to cooperate, no laws w^ould have been
passed. These men have been accused of having sold out the Govern-
ment, and the other party, which was originally the conservative
party, has now^ become the radical party. In order to go back to their
constituents wnth any hope of success, the Nationalists must do some-
thing to show^ that they are still radicals, so that it is now the fashion
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 529
in the Philippines for both parties to attack the Government and
its officers. After the election this fall onr friends will be more in
evidence than at present. Anyone who reads our local papers might
conclude that the Government is friendless at the present date, but
this is not really the case.
Mr. Douglas. I understand that this opposition does not take the
form of industrial opposition; that there is no pretense that the
establishment of a large sugar-making plant in Mindoro, and the
cultivation of great quantities of land and the employment of labor
would not be for the benefit of the people industrially.
Mr. Worcester. There has been some general reference to the
dangers arising from the coming in of grasping corporations like the
monopolies of the United States, but they have not got down to
details. Statements have been made in the press to the effect that a
trust operated the Manila street railway, and this has been de-
nounced. The railway company is an ordinary concern, with lim-
ited capital, and has none of the characteristics of a trust. State-
ments to the effect that the Dillinghams were heavily interested in
lands, and that the Sugar Trust was so interested, have been made
the basis of criticism, but it is criticism which has no real ground
upon which to rest, in my judgment. I do not believe that the
Sugar Trust will ever interest itself in the Philippine Islands until
we have there at least one modern sugar-producing estate. It will
let others do the expensive preliminary experimenting.
Mr. Douglas. What is the comparison between that country and this
as to the feeling on the part of the people toward what you toim
exclusive concessions or monopolies? Have not the people In^en
accustomed to the granting of concessions by the Government, and
are they not used to that regime to the extent that they do not look
with disfavor upon monopolistic concessions as we look upon monop-
olies here?
Mr. Worcester. It is true that in the old Spanish days there were
granted a number of monopolistic concessions. The Spanish Govern-
ment favored the development of the country by the establishment
of new industries and offered to those who introduced them the induce-
ment of exclusive concessions to carry them on for a certain number of
years. That was a lawful practice under the Spanish regime. I have
in mind a concession to make beer with the use of refrigeration. That
was not on the face of it an exclusive concession, but as it is quite
impossible to make beer in the Philippines without refrigeration it
amounted to an exclusive concession and we have been forced to
recognize the action of the Spanish Government in that matter as
binding on us. There is a similar concession for the manufacture of
matches, which is still operative. I have never heard anybody com-
plain about either of these concessions or any similar ones. I think
the people feel more kindly toward these concessions because they have
become accustomed to them, but the American trust has been heralded
out there as something very sinister and destructive, and the ideas
of the common people as to its nature are vague in the extreme; they
are afraid of something, as to the real nature of which they are not
informed.
Mr. Hamilton. I would like to ask you to what extent any of
these monopolies you refer to extend to the necessaries of life?
530 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. I think there is not such a monopoly in existence
in the Philippines unless matches be regarded as a necessity of life.
The natives smoke cigarettes incessantly, and the consumption of
matches is very large. These two concessions of which I have spoken
are the only two I have in mind at present.
Mr, Madison. Did you see Mr, J. Montgomery Strong when he
was out there?
Mr. Worcester. I have no recollection of seeing him.
Mr. Madison. Did you know who he was ?
Mr. Worcester. I learned in a general way, by reading the record
of Mr. Martin's speech, who he was, but I had no knowledge con-
cerning him prior to that time.
Mr. Madison. Who did you learn that he was?
Mr. Worcester. I learned that he was a practicing lawyer here,
and had visited the Philippine Islands, where he had interested him-
self in sugar lands. He visited the San Jose estate and land to the
south of it. He also visited land on the east coast of Mindoro, near
the southern end of the island.
Mr. Madison. He sent a letter of introduction to Mr. Wilson, the
assistant director of public lands, did he not?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. It was stated in that letter that Messrs. Poole and
Prentiss represented the same interests that he did, was it not?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. The letter stated that while the Sugar Trust was not
interested, that one of the stockholders of the Sugar Trust was inter-
ested with him and these other parties in the land they proposed to
purchase?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. Now, Mr. Poole, then, was the representative, or
at least one of the stockholders, of the Sugar Trust, was he not? ^
Mr. Worcester. I can not assume that. Permit me to say just
here, in reference to this letter, that at the time Mr. Martin's speech
was received in Manila I sent to the archives of the Government and
asked for all papers bearing on the subject of the sale of the San
Jose estate, for everything in the shape of a record that would throw
any light on the matter. I also summoned to my office and interro-
gated ])ersonally the several officials and employees who I thought
might be able to throw any light on the subject. This note of intro-
duction to Mr. Wilson, the assistant director of the bureau, was a
personal note and was not in the official files at all. It would not be
in the record if I had not heard of its existence and ordered it put
there; its presence there is evidence of the fact that I in good faith
furnisiied every document that I can find on the subject. I did not
see it until after these charges had been made, and I learned only
when I read it of Mr. Strong had made any statement as to the
interests that these gentlemen represented. I then interrogated Mr.
Wilson and asked him to state in writing what, if anything, Mr.
Strong had said relative to the interests which he himself repre-
sented. The statement of Mr. Wilson is printed in my report, and
I should be glad to have it inserted in the record at this point.
[Statement referred to is on pages 42 and 43 of Mr. Worcester's
report. Copy was not furnished to printer.]
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 531
Mr. Madison. Do you know who this stockholder of the Sugar
Trust is as designated in the record ? Do you know w^ho that stock-
holder was?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know unless it was Mr. Welch. Mr.
Welch was the only person mentioned to me as being interested in the
estate.
Mr. Madison. Was Mr. Horace Havemeyer mentioned in that con-
nection ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. I have seen references to his name in the
newspapers, but neither Mr. Poole nor Mr. Prentiss ever mentioned
him to me, and I had no opportunity to interrogate them in regard to
his connection with the enterprise.
Mr. Madison. It has developed in this evidence that Mr. Poole,
as a result of his operations in the islands, first secured the San Jose
estate, of about 55,000 acres; second, promoted the Mindoro Develop-
ment Co. and developed one of 200 hectares of land and is proposing
to build a sugar mill ; that he is also the agent of three separate and
distinct companies, presumably of California parties, who have pur-
chased adjoining land — that is, land adjoining the San Jose estate;
that he represents all of these interests. That is true, is it not?
Mr. Worcester. It is true, w^ith the qualification that the 200 hec-
tares of the Mindoro Development Co. must be deducted from the
total area of the San Jose estate, which Mr. Poole purchased and
holds.
Mr. Madison. That is true — that qualification should be made.
Mr. Worcester. You have made a rather general statement, but I
should say it is true. I should prefer, however, to see it on paper be-
fore definitely committing myself.
Mr. Madison. Then, it appears that a man representing an interest,
or at least the interest of a person who was a stockholder in the
American Sugar Refining Co. or trust had gone to the islands and
had acquired a large tract of land for himself, and in addition had
secured three separate and distinct contracts of land for corporations
for which he was doubtless the agent, if not the manager; I would
ask you if that apparent connection between this investment and the
Sugar Trust has become apparent to the people of the island and
causes criticism.
Mr. Worcester. I am unable to say from the facts you state that
an apparent connection has established between this transaction and
the Sugar Trust. The fact that one or several of the men who pur-
chased these lands owned stock in the Sugar Trust would not seem to
show such connection any more than the ownership of stock in a rail-
road company by one of the men interested would sliow an apparent
connection with such company. I take it for granted that these men
have large means, and may have varied investments. So far as Mr.
Poole's relationship to these organizations is concerned, I will say
that a full investigation has been made and the results have been in-
corporated in this record in the form of an affidavit by Mr. Poole
and other documents.
It seems to me that these companies have done exactly what is
logical and economical to do when several companies wish to enter
into a business of that sort in a new country. For instance, if a series
of coconut plantations were started in the Philippine Islands, the
best business arrangement would be to put in immediate charge of
532 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
each estate a local, or assistant, manager, and to employ for all of them
one general manager, who would attend to the securing of labor, the
purchasing and shipping of supplies, the performance of paper work
in Manila, etc.
One man could well perform that work for a number of organiza-
tions. In the case of these corporations, which have not yet gone
beyond the preliminary stage in the development of their holdings,
there is no reason why one man can not do such work for all of them,
and thus save each company the expense of employing a competent
man at a large salary. The fact that one man, who was actually on
the ground in Mindoro, was so employed in connection with these
several interests does not seem to indicate any probable criminal
intention or desire to evade the law on the part of anyone.
Mr. Madison. Have you, as secretary of the interior, one of the
principal officers of the Philippines, encouraged generally transac-
tions of a similar character in other parts of the islands to those
which have occurred with regard to this San Jose estate; that is,
when Americans come to the islands representing capitalistic inter-
ests of America, purchasing large tracts of friar lands and then gath-
ering up the estate holdings of other capitalists who ma^^ be also
represented there, so as to accumulate a large body of land apparently
controlled by a community of interests, these interests being capi-
talistic and American?
Mr. Worcester. I will answer your question in the affirmative. I
would be very glad to see the same sort of thing done in connection
with the Isabela estate that has been done in connection with the
San Jose estate. I think it would have the effect of bringing to that
rich country large numbers of Filipinos who are finding if a hard
matter to make a living elsewhere, and who would thus be induced
to make the change. In the north, in the Province of Ilocos Norte,
the land is largely occupied and taken up, and the people have a hard
struggle. If anything could be done in the direction I have indi-
cated it would be a great thing for these people. At the present
time, with the existing conditions of labor, we are not at all alarmed
over the prospect of having all this land taken up
Mr. ^Iadtson. To what extent would you carry that practice — ^to
what extent would you encourage transactions similar to that which
occurred in connection with the San Jose estate and the purchase of
land around it?
Mr. Worcester. You are asking a theoretical question, postulated
on conditions that could hardly be experienced, for the reason that
the public lands will not be disposed of in this way. The vacant
lands on the Isabela estate and the Calamba estate are the only two
large tracts that could become the basis of such a transaction. I
would encourage it to the extent of selling the vacant lands on the
Isabela estate to anyone who would purchase them and develop them,
and I would do the same thing in connection with vacant lands of
the Calamba estate, for which there is no reasonable probability that
we can find local native tenants.
Mr. Madison. While the present limitation upon corporate hold-
ings is 2,500 acres, there is no reason why a man may not come into
that country as agent and take up 25,000 or 50,000 acres of land for
a number of American corporations; and by means of a community
of interest, all of them together may have a centrale, as they call it,
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 533
SO that the cane from all these holdings may be worked up. I want
to say that I do not ask it in a spirit of personal criticism, because I
have no hesitancy in saying at this time that I am very much im-
pressed with the idea that your official conduct in this* matter has
been above reproach. I am trying to get at your method or idea — ■
jour idea of what ought to be done in the Avay of developing this
country.
Mr. Worcester. I have stated to the acting chairman of the com-
mittee that before this hearing closes I wished to state definitely
what my opinion is as to what the land policy of the Philippine gov-
ernment should be. I am the officer who is responsible for that pol-
icy, and am carrying it out at the present time, and hold some definite
ideas as to what ought to be done. But I would prefer to make that
statement at the close of this hearing, in order that all possible ob-
jections which are to be brought forward liere may be met. I find
it difficult to piece all of these things together when under examina-
tion. At the present time, I feel that we are taking the subject up
piecemeal.
I will say this : We feel very keenly that the hostility of the beet-
sugar interests of the United States toward the sugar interests of the
Philippine Islands is to a considerable extent responsible for the
restrictions which having been placed on the holding of land by all
kinds of agricultural corporations and very unjustly hampers other
branches of agriculture in the Philippines, At the present time sugar
is not the all-important thing with us by any means. Hemp is our
most important export, and copra is second. We are to-day the
greatest copra -producing country in the world. Coconuts grow on
lands that are worthless for any other purpose; they grow on lands
that seem almost destitute of plant food — the sandy lands along the
coast. The coast line of the Philippines is twice as long as that of
the United States, not including the detached possessions, and all of
the sand lands along the coast will produce coconuts. But in order
to have a reasonable income from coconuts one must control a good
body of land. Then there is rubber production; rubber is being ex-
tensively planted in Borneo, close by us. Practically every European
nation that has tropical colonies is to a large extent interested in the
production of rubber. But in order to profitably produce rubber,
men want to control larger areas of land than those allowed under
the present law^, and consequently that industry has been seriously
hampered w^ith us.
We ought to frame our laws in such a way as to permit legitimate and
proper development. So far as sugar is concerned it must be evident to
you that before capital is invested in a central e which may cost a mil-
lion dollars the investors must feel assured of getting cane enough to
run their mill. If they had to depend entirely upon small producers
they might be left without cane. Small producers might combine to
leave them without cane and thus force them to purchase it on hard
terms. I think such corporations ought to be allowed land enough
of their own to assure a supply of cane. I think such corporations
ought to be permitted to hold 10,000 or 15,000 acres; 10,000 acres is
about the minimum that can be safely depended on to keep a large
centrale in profitable operation. Our limited supply of labor will
in itself prevent for many years to come the establishment of any very
534 ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
large number of monopolistic enterprises, involving the employment
of labor in large quantity, and it seems to me that this, together with
the immense areas of unoccupied lands, would give us all the safe-
guards we require.
I want to say to you that, judged on the basis of actual facts,
the island of Mindoro would support half of the existing population
of the Philippines, yet it is not one of our larger islands. The island
of Siquijor, which contains 106 square miles, to-day has a population
of 55,000 people, and it is one of the most sterile islands in the group.
It is really one great limestone rock with very shallow soil, and there
are extensive areas where the rock is bare. It is subject to drouth.
Even so it supports 55,000 people, and it is certain that Mindoro
will support twice as many per square mile. That would make it
capable of supporting a population somewhat in excess of 4,000,000.
I propose later, when I make my concluding statement, to give
you some facts as to the land that we have lying idle to-day — the
{)ercentage of land that is under cultivation as compared with the
and that might be cultivated. I am sure you will see from those
facts, that even on the basis of our lands not being more productive
than that of Japan, and everyone knows that it is, because Japan has
a winter when cultivation is not possible, and is very mountainous,
with numerous volcanic hills which can not be cultivated at all, we
have enough to accommodate more than four times our present
population.
Mr. Madison. I did not catch the name of the small island you
referred to.
Mr. Worcester. It is the Island of Siquijor.
Mr. Madison. What does that island produce?
Mr. Worcesi:er. It feeds its people and produces copra for exporta-
tion and, I think, no other export of importance. It produces Indian
corn in large quantities — often two crops to the year; sago, which is
made from cassava, and vegetables of various sorts, with quite a little
rice along the strip of level land immediately adjacent to the sea.
But the island is covered with coconut trees and the people own their
prosperity in no small degree to that fact. Tlie coconut tree, once
planted and established, really takes care of itself for many years.
Mr. Garrett. Independent of the legal phases and on the broad
question of policy — that is, the question of a limitation on the amount
of the holding — the same rule should apply to the friar lands or pri-
vate lands that applies to the public lands, should it not, viewing it
just from the question of policy?
Mr. Worcester. If you viewed the friar lands as part and parcel of
the public domain, the answer to that question would be " yes." We
can not view them in that way, because we have tied up our money in
them and we must try to get it back. But no apostolic benediction
goes with friar lands. There is the same objection to ownership of
friar lands in large quantities that there would be to ownership of
lands purchased from private owners in large quantities, or that there
would be to lands being purchased from the public domain in large
quantities.
Mr. Garrett. On the question of policy, the same rules apply to
one character of land as to another ?
Mr. Wooster. Yes, sir.
ADMIlSriSTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 535
Mr. Garrett. There is not an American official in the Philippine
Islands now who believes that the restrictions and limitations im-
posed on public lands constitute a wise policy, is there?
Mr. Worcester. Frankly, sir; I may say that I do not known of
such an official. Certainly no member of the Philippine Commission,
from the time of its organization up to the present day, has believed
in the wisdom of the policy. Every member is on record as having
voted in favor of a more liberal land law.
Mr. Garrett. So that every official was honestly in sympathy Avith
a construction of the law that would relieve the friar lands of the
limitations that were imposed on public lands.
Mr. Worcester. I hope, sir, that every official of the Government
desired the correct construction to be put upon the law.
Mr. Garrets. I have no doubt they did.
Mr. Worcester. But I may add that if that proper construction
had been (as it seems to me it was) such as to make the present policy
right and lawful, I am sure there would have been satisfaction on
the part of those concerned. I can not speak for our own attorney
general, who is a Filipino. I should prefer to have you put that
question to him.
Mr. Garrett. My first question applied to American officials.
Mr. Worcester. My answer includes a number of Filipinos. It
includes the Filipinos who at one time or another have served on
the Philippine Commission. But, of course, I ought not to answer
for Atty. Gen. Dillamor, whose views on the subject I have never
personally ascertained. He has not stated them to me.
Mr. Garrett. This morning a number of pamphlets were sub-
mitted by you for inspection by the committee, to show how you
brought to the people there knowledge about the lands.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. I have glanced over the one which is printed in
English. I have not yet had time to read carefully those that were
printed in dialect. I will do that. [Laughter.]
Mr. Worcester. I hope you will not neglect to do that.
Mr. Garrett. The English pamphlet, I find, applies only to pub-
lic lands. Did all those printed in dialects apply just "to public
lands?
Mr. Worcester. They all applied to public lands, sir.
Mr. Garrett. Let me ask what efforts have been made to bring to
the attention of the public the information in regard to the friar
lands? Have there been publications somewhat similar to that?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; there have not been publications. The
efforts in that connection have been largely to bring the matter to
the attention of the people by word of mouth, through the publi-
cation of bandillos (verbal proclamations), setting forth what was
to be done, and similar procedures of that sort, including personal
activity on the part of our friar-land agents. For each estate or each
group of estates we have a man in charge, sometimes with subordi-
nates under him; and it is made a part of their business to try to
interest people in taking up those lands. We have pretty well ex-
hausted the means that occurred to us in trying to persuade people
to come and occupy them.
Mr. Garrett. Prior to the time of the passage of act No. 1841
amending the original law in regard to the friar lands and removing
536 ADMINISTRATION OF PHIL.IPPINE LANDS.
the limitation, had there been any negotiations for the purchase of
friar lands in large tracts or any applications from individuals or
corporations? I mean prior to the passage of act No. 1847?
Mr. Worcester. No; except in the case of occupants, no appli-
cations, no negotiations looking to or resulting in actual purchase of
large tracts except those of occupants, with the exception of the
Carpenter lease.
Mr. Garrett. During the Fifty-ninth Congress a bill was reported
out from the Ways and Means Committee, and passed the House,
making certain modifications of the tariff duties. It failed of passage
in the Senate and did not become law until the general tarilf act
passed.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. During the time that bill was pending here, or after
it passed the House, and in the Fifty-ninth Congress, were there any
applications or any sort of official negotiations, or any negotiations
or applications, either official or personal, that you know of looking
to the purchase of these friar tracts ?
Mr. Worcester. So far as concerns the friar lands especially, no.
So far as concerns the acquiring of land in large tracts, irrespective
of whether it might be friar land or not, there was the case of Mr.
Hathaway, which I have already mentioned.
^Ir. Hathaway came to the Philippines to gather evidence to be
used by the beet-sugar interests in defeating that bill. The evidence
which he gathered was used both before the Ways and Means Com-
mittee of the House and before the Committee on the Philippines of
the United States Senate. Mr. Hathaway came to nay office and
deliberately misrepresented to me the purpose of his visit to the is-
lands. He told me that he had come there in the interest of large capi-
tal to purchase sugar lands if they " looked good to him ; " in other
words, if he found that such purchase was likely to prove a profitable
investment; and although he never said so in so many words, he inti-
mated to me very broadly that there was corporation money behind
him. I have alAvays believed, and believe to-day, that Mr. Hathaway
did not really represent any such interests, and that he simply set a
trap for me to see whether, while secretary of the interior of the
Philippine Government, I would enter into negotiations with him
which might result in an evasion of the law, and that that was his sole
purpose in making this suggestion. Possibly I do Mr. Hathaway a
great injustice; but that is the conclusion at which I have arrived,
especially in view of the use which he subsequently made of the in-
formation which he gathered in the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Garrett. But that land is adapted only to cane sugar, is it
not?
Mr. Worcester. Yes. sir : that is all. But the beet-sugar mterests
persistently fought that bill. Mr. Hathaway was not the only repre-
sentative of those interests who visited the Philippine Islands, and
who claimed that others were responsible for bringing him there, but
afterwards appeared as a representative of the beet-sugar people and
opposed the bill : but Mr. Hathaway was one of them.
Mr. Garrett. In other words, you do not think Mr. Hathaway's
informal application or suggestion to you of a desire to purchase
those lands was made in good faith ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LAXDS. 537
Mr. Worcester. On the contraiy, sir, I believe it was an attempt
to " show me up " as a corrupt official. I think he intended to set a
trap for me and see if I would walk into it.
Mr. Garrett. In what way could he have " shown you up " as a
corrupt official?
Mr. Worcester. Telling me, as he did, that he represented large
moneyed interest, and that they wished to purchase large tracts of
Lnnd. I think he probably would have had me " pretty well to
rights " if I had shown myself disposed to intimate to him that that
might be arranged, instead of doing as I did, and saying : " My dear
sir, the law prescribes 1,024 hectares as the largest amount of land
that a corporation authorized to engage in agriculture may hold,
and, although we do not believe that that law is a wise one, it will
be enforced." I expect that if I had done otherwise my name would
have appeared in the hearings before the Ways and Means Commit-
tee and in the hearings before the Senate committee as that of a
Philippine official who was trying to evade the law.
Mr. Garrett. Is the provision of the law which prevents the hold-
ing of more than 1,024 hectares by an agricultural corporation taken
seriously over there?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; it is.
J^Ir. Garrett. There is no penalty attached?
Mr. Worcester. There is no penalty attached, sir; but an agricul-
tural corporation has to secure a certificate approved by the secre-
t:iry of commerce and police, which entitles it to do business; and
it seems to me it would be a very simple procedure for us to apply
for the cancellation of that certificate because of a violation of the
law and put it out of business.
Mr. Gakrett. There is nothing in the law that prevents your con-
veying to such a corporation more than that amount of land, is there?
Mr. Worcester. I am not so sure about that, sir, until I look at
the law.
The Chairman. Section 15 of the public-lands law, the organic
act, prohibits the conveying or selling to a corporation of more than
1,024 hectares.
Mr. Garrett. Yes; the public-lands act. Still, I take it that even
outside of the public lands, in the case of friar lands, the department
would inquire into the character of any corporation before it would
convey it more than tliat amount of land?
Mr. Worcester. The inquiry, sir, woidd be made by the secretary
of commerce and police, whose duty it is to determine whether cor-
porations are properly living up to the con.ditions prescribed by
law under which they may do business. If facts were brought to
my attention which seemed to sliow that the law was being evaded,
I should bring them to the attention of the proper officials. But it
is not a part of my business, as secretary of the interior, to investi-
gate the conditions under which corporations are doing business.
As an instance of what I have done, I cited to you the case of the
California corporations. The question of the propriety of my action
was raised, but the information which I requested was furnished.
If they had been disposed to fight me, and had refused to give tlie
information which I requested, I should, of course, have had to turn
the matter over to the legal representatives of the Government. I
82278°— H. Kept. 2281), 01-3 38
538 ADMINISTRATIOlSr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
do not know just what my legal status would have been. In point
of fact, the information was furnished without much demur.
Mr. Gakrei^t. If it should become apparent that there was an
evasion or a violation of the law, whose duty would it be to direct
the proper legal proceedings?
Mr. Worcester. I should call the attention of the secretary of
finance and justice to tlie facts as soon as they were known to me.
Mr. ( jarrett. It would be your first duty ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir ; that is, if the knoAvledge came to me.
Mr. Garre^ft. I understand. Now, about this Poole transaction:
The officials believing, as they did, that it was for the good of the
people of the islands for such an institution to be established there,
provided it had the capital to work out its ends, was there not nat-
urally considerable inquiry, either personal or official, as to the
financial capacity of Prentiss and Poole to do what they stated they
pro loosed to do?
Mr. Worcester. I am not prepared to say that there was, sir. I
was the responsible officer in connection with that transaction. I am
accustomed to run my own department. I think one thing of which
I never have beeu, and perhaps never shall be, accused, is seekirg to
avoid responsibility for any action which I have taken. My public
record in that regard will bear investigation. I did not consult with
others as to the desirability of this transaction. I deemed it to be
desirable, and I carried it through. I did not ask my associates on
the commission what they thought ought to be done about it. I did
what I thought ought to be done, and let it go at that.
So far as concerned investigating the ability of these gentlemen
to make good, it did not seem to me that that was necessary, for the
simple reason that we were bound to have a show-down as to such
ability. The first transaction called for the payment of a large sum
of money. If they had not had it, the matter would have ended right
there. They did have it, and I had no reason to think that they got
it from any improper source. Their money was good.
Mr. Garrett. I understand that perfectly, and I understand per-
fectly your viewpoint. As was said by Judge Madison a few mo-
ments ago, the question which I submitted was not submitted in any
spirit of criticism.
Mr. Worcester. I hope m}^ manner in replying to these questions
is not such as to lead you to think that I resent them at all. I do not
in the least. I have never seen an examination conducted more fairly
than this examination has been conducted. That was my reason for
saying at the outset that I had not the slightest desire to employ
legal assistance in connection with it. I believe that every member
of this committee is desirous simply of getting at the truth. It is a
fact that because I am rather direct in my manner of replying to
questions I sometimes give the impression of being irritated when I
am simply in earnest. I ask you and all of the members of the com-
mittee to believe me when I say that I feel that both my associates
and I myself have received here only the most courteous and con-
siderate treatment. Not for a moment during this examination have
I felt the smallest annoyance over any question that has been put to
me. Furthermore, I expect and desire that the very plainest possible
questions may be asked me in connection with this matter, because
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 539
"when we get through I do not want it to be said that this has been
a whitewashing investigation. I want the facts put on record.
Mr. Garrett. I am sure that every member of the committee feels
precisely the same way. It seems to come within the scope of the
resolution under which we are acting to undertake to ascertain, if we
can, just what interest Mr. Poole was representing.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Garrett. It has been suggested that possibly Mr. Poole may
not be here; and I am simply trying to ascertain what information
there may be in your possession, either official or unofficial, of what
he did represent, or where he got his capital from, and just what he
did represent there.
Mr. Worcester. I want to say to you, in all frankness, that in
compiling this record it Avas my honest effort to include in it all the
papers and all the information which I had which would throw light
on the subject. As a matter of fact, I find that one paper which
should have been included in the record was not included. It will be
introduced by me if some one does not ask for it before we get
through. As an offset to that, I call your attention to the introduc-
tion here of that personal note from Mr. J. Montgomery Strong to
the assistant director of lands, of which I learned by accident, the
existence of which I might perfectly well have concealed, and which
raises the question as to what ''interests" were involved, inasmuch
as Mr. Strong says that these men represented the same interests that
he did. I put that into the record myself, because I think we ought
to have the cards all on top of the table in this matter. I am not
concealing from this committee any information which I have in
regard to the men actually pecuniarily interested in this enterprise,
but I have made no effort, further than the one that I have described
to you, to follow up that matter.
Mr. Garrett. Plow old a man is Mr. Poole?
Mr. WoRCESiTSR. Mr. Poole is a man in the prime of life. He is a
very active, energetic, capable man, who rides splendidly and puts
in his time in the saddle when he is on the plantation. He is busy
from morning to night. I could not give you his exact age. I should
think perhaps he might be 38.
Mr. Garrett. What State is he from ? Do you know ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir.
Mr. Garre^ft. Do you know anything of where he had been just
prior to going to the Philippines ?
Mr. Worcester. I have heard that he had been doing practical
sugar work in Cuba.
Mr. Garret't. In connection with Mr. Welch?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir; I have never made any in-
quiry. I heard it said, when he first came out there, that he was a
practical man, a man who had had experience in establishing sugar
estates.
Mr. Garrett. You do not know what State he is from ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir.
Mr. Garrett. You understand he is a citizen of the United States?
Mr. Worcester. I understand that he is.
Mr. Garrett. Is he married?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; he is married, and has his family with
him in the Philippines.
540 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. Will you ask him how long he has been there — ■
when he first went to the Philippines? Perhaps he has already
stated that.
Mr. Garrei^\ I asked him if he knew where he was just prior to
going to the Philippines.
The Chairman. Yes ; but when did he go there ?
Mr. Garret^f. Oh, do you know when he went there?
Mr. WoRCESi^R. When Mr. Poole arrived there?
Mr. Garrett. Yes.
The Chairman. The first time.
Mr. Worcester. I understand that he came to Capt. Sleeper's
office almost immediately after he arrived, and Capt. Sleeper states
that he came there the first time on the 12th of October of last year.
Mr. Garrei^. Have you seen him much or little since ?
Mr. WoRCEsiTSR. I have not seen him much, sir. Tie has been a very
busy man. I have twice visited his estate since these operations be-
gan, and once I took him on my steamer, when I was making my an-
nual inspection of Mindoro and Palawan, over to the Cayos Islands
and to Puerte Princesa, where he went to search for labor. I took
him over and left him there, and his own boat picked him up and
brought him back. That time was really the first time I had ever
seen much of anything of Mr. Poole. He was on the steamer with
me then for about two days.
Mr. Garrett. The social relations between you have never been
intimate ?
Mr. Worcester. They have been minus, sir. They have not ex-
isted.
Mr. Helm. Have you ever had any practical experience yourself
in the management of sugar estates or other such enterprises?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I never have. For a considerable time
the bureau of agriculture of the Philippine Government was under
my executive control. It has been only recently transferred. Such
information as I have I have gained in connection with the work
of that bureau, and as a necessary consequence of it and by observa-
tion. I have had a pretty fair opportunity to see the sugar planta-
tions of Oahu, or some oi them. Keally, most of my information as
to modern methods and results come from talking with men in Hono-
lulu who have been producing sugar on a large scale. On my recent
visit I went out to the Ewa plantation, which I had not seen for 10
years previously. When I was first there we went all over it and
made quite exhaustive inquiry. This time they were very courteous
to us, and even offered on my return to show me the private experi-
ment station conducted by the planters themselves and tell me about
the results obtained there, so that I could have the benefit of them
for the Philippines.
Mr. Helm. The quantity of land required and all the incidental
details that you have spoken of here are the result of what you have
acquired from observation?
Mr. Worcester. And from interrogating people who were inter-
ested— particularly the people interested in the three large plantations
in the vicinity of the Ewa mill-
Mr. Helm. Getting back just a little to the question that was asked
about beet sugar, I understand that under the general policy of your
ADMINISTRATION OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 541
Government in the Philippines beet-sugar capital would be as welcome
in the Philippines, if it were profitable, as cane-sugar capital ?
Mr. Worcester. It certainly would be, sir.
Mr. Helm. There is no conflict of interests so far as you are con-
cerned? There is no feeling of that kind toward the beet-sugar
interests ?
Mr. Worcester. None whatever.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Worcester, I should like to ask you two or
three questions with relation to matters that have been developed in
connection with the examination. The question of the policy of the
Government in the administration of public lands down there has been
referred to. State whether your department has recognized any
policy in relation to the administration of the public lands or friar
lands except such as is embodied in the law ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. After you had investigated the character of the
three so-called California corporations, and had satisfied yourself they
were not under the same control, not owned or controlled by the
same individuals, state whether or not there was any discretion in you
to refuse the sale of public lands to either one of those corporations,
under the law ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not understand that there was, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is all.
Mr. Worcester. The law does not state that the Secretary of the
Interior may in his discretion approve these transactions. I con-
sider that it is my duty when a man or a corporation authorized to
purchase lands comes up and desires to do so, to give that privilege.
Mr. Crumpacker. Having complied with the law?
Mr. Worcester. Having complied with the law.
Mr. Crumpacker. You do not undertake to exercise such discre-
tion as to say to one individual or one corporation, " You may pur-
chase," and to another, " You shall not " ?
Mr. Worcester. I most certainly do not, sir.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Worcester, you spoke of the sparsity of the popula-
tion of the islands generally.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. And you refered particularly to Siquijor and Mindoro.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. What you said, however, does not apply to all of the
islands in the Philippine Archipelago?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; Siquijor is an instance of a very densely
populated island, and Mindoro is an instance of a very sparsely popu-
lated island.
Mr. Jones. Cebu, for instance, is very densely populated,, is it not?
Mr. Worcester. Cebu is more densely populated than any other
large island; and while it is not quite so densely populated as is
Siquijor, the population is very large in proportion to the area.
Mr. Jones. It is so large, is it not, that frequently they suffer from
famine there?
Mr. Worcester. They suffer from famine there, sir, as the result of
drought. Cebu is an island which has been almost deforested, so that
the moisture is not held in the soil ; and unless it rains quite constantly,
general drought occurs over the island. At such a time a very much
smaller population than the present one would suffer. Practically
542 ADMINISTRATION OF PlilLIPPINE LANDS.
every one suffers. If it were not for that a very much larger popula-
tion could live there comfortably.
Mr. Jones. I suppose the suffering results largely, too, from the
fact that they are improvident?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. They do not lay up any supplies for the future?
Mr. Worcester. That is it. It is often true that in Siquijor, imme-
diately after the corn harvest, the people will sell their shelled corn
for a peso or tw^o a caban, and within three months they will be buy-
ing back that same shelled corn for ^4, ^5, or 1P6 a caban. The
Chinese make a business of buying it and storing it and then selling
it back at a greatly increased price to the people who sold it to them.
Mr. Jones. What objection is there to using the proceeds of the
sales of the public lands for the purpose of paying off the friar
bonds? Could not those funds be applied in that way?
Mr. Worcester. We miglit use any of our revenues, sir; but if you,
will examine the total transactions in public lands you wall find
that they have been so small that the net proceeds would not be a
drop in the bucket.
Mr. Jones. I understand ; but you seem to lay stress upon the fact
that these friar lands have been purchased and that the Filipino
people had to pay for these lands.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Jones. And that they ought to be paid .for out of the proceeds
of these friar lands. Now, you could pay those bonds out of any
other funds that came into the insular treasury, could you not ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; there is nothing to prevent it.
Mr. Jones. And if you could sell the public lands, there is no
more reason why you should not apply those funds to the extin-
guishment of this debt than there is why you should apply the funds
from these specific lands purchased by the money which you bor-
rowed ?
Mr. Worcester. We might use our customs receipts, our internal
revenue, or the money from any source which becomes part of our
public funds to pay this bonded indebtedness. But in point of
fact this mass of trouble which we purchased for approximately
$7,000,000 has been turned over to the director of lands and myself,
and we have been requested not only to find a way out of the agra-
rian difficulties which previously existed, but put the money spent
back in the treasury. They expect us to develop it as a business
proposition, and so far as it is possible to do so we are doing it.
Mr. Jones. When you say " they," you mean the Government ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; the Government.
Mr. eToNES. The Government also expects you to utilize the pub-
lic lands for that and other purposes just as rapidly as you can, does
it not?
Mr. Worcester. The present theory, sir, is that the friar-land
bonds w^ill be retired from the proceeds of the friar lands them-
selves.
Mr. Jones. I understand that that is the theory, but I do not know
exactly why it should be the theory. It does not make any difference
how these lands were acquired — whether the public lands were given
to the Filipino people by the United States Government or not.
ADMINISTKxlTION OF PHILIPPUSTE LANDS. 543
They own the public LtiicIs — that is, they have the control of the
public lands under the act of Congress, and they have the right to
use the proceeds from the sale of those lands, and they have the
same control over the friar lands. Now, I do not know of any reason
why the proceeds of the friar lands should be applied to this pur-
pose any more than the proceeds of the public lands. They both
belong to the Philippine Government. They are both under their
control. After the money gets into the treasury, I can not under-
stand why the proceeds of the public lands may not be applied to
this purpose just as properly as the proceeds from the friar lands.
Mr. Worcester. That might be, sir, but the law provides how the
friar lands proceeds shall be applied.
Mr. Jones, I understand it does.
Mr. Worcester. But so far as concerns the availability of other
funds to retire those bonds, they are unquestionably available.
Mr. Jones. Therefore I do not see why there should be any more
special effort to sell the friar lands in order to get the money to
liquidate these bonds than there should be an effort to sell the public
lands for the same purpose.
Mr. Worcester. If you w^ere an administrative official of the
Philippine Islands, and people w^ere constantly ding-donging at you
to know how you were going to get the money back on that invest-
ment, you might find a personal reason for w'anting to do it.
Mr. Jones. At the same time, I might reply to that, Mr. Worcester,
that when we bought those lands there was no expectation on the
part of Congress or the Secretary of War that the bonds would be
paid off out of the proceeds of those lands. There was an expecta-
tion on the part of Mr. Taft, wdio was then Secretary of War, that
there would be a loss to the Government on the purchase of the lands;
and it was stated by everybody, as I remember the discussion at the
time, that the Government would get out of it very well if we never
got a cent out of the lands at all, if we put an end to the agrarian
trouble there, and brought about peace and tranquillity in the islands.
I think the Secretary of War said that if that were' done the seven
million and odd dollars we were to pay for the lands would be a
small sum.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Jones, while that goes into the record, I do
not want it to go in without a protest if it might be thought to in-
volve any understanding by implication that we all consent to that
statement, because I do not agree to it. The Senate in its bill pro-
vided that the friar lands should not be sold for less than the cost
price. That was the Senate's proposition, in the Senate bill ; and it
was struck out in conference.
Mr. Jones. I think you know. Judge, that that was the argument
used in favor of the purchase of these lands.
Mr. Crumpacker. We insisted on striking that out in conference,
because we said that we probably might not be able to get the full
amount of the purchase price, and that if we could not that provision
would handicap and embarrass us. The purpose was to get all we
could get out of those lands, and to apply it on the bonds. Of course
if we could not get enough, we would have to pay them out of other
funds. But the law itself provides that these proceeds shall con-
stitute a sinking fund for the purpose of discharging the bonds, and
644 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
it fixes the rate of interest on the deferred payments to conform to
the rate payable on bonds.
Mr. Hamilton. That is in the organic act. ,
Mr. Crumpacker. It is the declared policy that the proceeds of the
friar lands shall first be applied. That would be the first resource,
the first asset, to be applied to the payment of the bonds. We struck
out that provision in the Senate bill so that we could sell them at
lower rates if necessary ; but it was important to sell them, of course.
In relation to the other, the public lands, the law provides that the
proceeds of the sales of public lands shall be covered into the treas-
ury, to be used for insular purposes on appropriation, and so on. I
suppose they could be used for the payment of these bonds.
Mr. Jones. Still, Judge Crumpacker, I think we all agree that
these lands were not purchased because the Government wanted
them, or because the Government thought it was going to get a bar-
gain in buying them.
Mr. Crumpacker. Oh, we were not trying to make money ; no. It
was not a speculation.
Mr. Jones. The purpose in buying those lands was to put an end
to the friction which was going on in the Philippine Islands.
Mr. Crumpacker. I interposed there simply to make the sugges-
tion that we did not all agree to your statement that we might have
to give them away, or it would perhaps be policy to give them away
and pay off the bonds altogether.
Mr. Jones. I did not mean to convey the idea that we wanted to
give them away, but I do say that it was said before our committee
tliat if we did not get a cent out of them the $7,000,000 which we
were to pay for them would be well expended if it put an end to
these agrarian troubles. I do not know at all. Judge Crumpacker,
what took place between Republican members of the conference com-
mittee. That was secret. That was something nobody knew but you
gentlemen who were in those conferences.
The Chairman. Of course we are not investigating the passage of
the bill.
Mr. Jones. I do know jvhat took place in the regular conferences
of the conferees appointed by the two Houses, for I was one of
those. I can not tell as to what you gentlemen did in your private
conferences.
Mr. Hamilton. I have not looked at the organic act for some time,
but does not the organic act itself specify what disposition shall be
made of the proceeds of sale of private lands?
Mr. Crumpacker. Surely; expressly and unequivocally.
Mr. Hamilton. Does not that express in itself the policy, then,
without our guessing what the policy might be?
The Chair:vean. It strikes me, if I may be permitted, that really
all of this comes doAvn to a question of the construction of the act;
and perhaps we had better go on with the examination of the witness.
Mr. Jones. Perhaps what Judge Crumpacker and I said had better
be left out of the record. We do not want to cumber the record.
Mr. Worcester. If I may make one brief sug<Testion in connection
with what you have said, Mr. Jones, I should like to do so. If, in
connection with that benevolent policy, Congress had seen fit to make
us a present of $7,000,000 our way would have been smooth, and we
should have been very glad thus to escape from our difficulty. But
administratio:n' of Philippine lands. 545
$7,000,000 constitutes more thtm one-half of the total revenues of the
Philippine government for a year, and even $1,000,000 looks very, very
large to us. One of the things that we have to consider is where we
are going to get the money to continue to exist and to do the multi-
farious things that need to be done. We have to work pretty hard
to get it.
Mr. Crumpacker. Judging from the rate at which you dispose of
public lands proper, how long would it take to realize enough net
cash out of the disposition of the public lands to pay off the friar
bonds?
Mr. Worcester. It would be a very long time, sir. I will give you
the facts later.
Mr. Jones. Mr. Worcester, is there not a great deal of very rich and
valuable public land in the valley of the Cagayan River?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir ; it is one of the great undeveloped agri-
cultural regions of the archipelago.
Mr. Jones. Why is it not as easy to dispose of a large tract of that
land as it was to dispose of the Isabela estate ?
Mr. Worcester. In the first place, sir, we have not disposed of
the Isabela estate; and I regret to say that as far as I can see at
present there is no probability that we are going to be able to do so.
Nor has there been any opportunity to dispose of the public lands on
a large scale, if at all. I am sure that the facts will show very small
transactions in public lands in those provinces. The natives just
move onto a piece of land, cultivate it until it begins to rim down,
and then move onto another, and no one says them nay. As long as
they can continue to do that — and no one Avishes to prevent their
doing it at present — they are not going to buy.
Mr. Jones. Still, you could prevent that, could you not?
Mr. Worcester. We could, but I think it would be a most unwise
thing to do.
Mr. Jones. Is not a large part of this friar land in Cavite
Province?
Mr. Worcester. Considerable tracts of it are in Cavite Province;
yes, sir.
Mr. Jo:nes. Is not that one of the rich provinces of the islands?
Mr. Worcester. It is a prosperous province and comparatively a
densely populated province.
Mr. Jones. That land is very near Manila. Why can not that land
be disposed of?
Mr. Worcester. You mean ■
Mr. Jones. The public land.
Mr. Worcester. Simply because people do not want it, Mr. Jones;
that is all.
Mr. Jones. Why should they want land up in Isabela Province
and in Mindoro in preference to that rich land in Cavite Province,
which is so near to Manila?
Mr. Worcester. You mean, Why should people wish to purchase
friar lands in those two places rather than public lands in Cavite ?
Mr. Jones. Yes, sir.
Mr. Worcester. Simply because they can get it in large tracts.
There is no other reason on earth that I can think of. That is the
only advantage that the friar lands, the friar unoccupied lands,
have ; and we could not sell them if it were not for that. As I have
546 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
already said, rich public lands in Mindoro can be purchased, and we
would be very glad to sell them for 10 pesos a hectare — lands ad-
joining the San eTose estate — and the price at which we did sell that
estate is about three times that amount per hectare.
Mr. Jones. Is the public land in Cavite Province all in small lots?
Mr. Worcester. I do not think so, sir.
Mr. Jones. Why could they not get large bodies of the public lands
in Cavite, then?
Mr. WoRCESiT^R. Because we can not sell or lease large bodies of
public land.
Mr. Jones. You can sell 2,500 acres.
Mr. Worcester. We can sell 2,500 acres to an agricultural corpora-
tion; but that is not a large body for a sugar grower. He wants
e'ght or ten thousand acres.
.Mr. Jones. It is the contention of some people, you know, that you
can not sell the friar land in a larger amount than that.
Mr. Worcester (laughing). Well, after the gentle reminder that
3'Ou have given me of the fact that I am not entitled to interpret the
law, I think I will remain silent on that subject.
Mr. Jones. So I understand, Mr. Worcester, that the reason the
rich public lands are not sold to these people who want large bodies
is not because there is not this land to be had, but simply because
you construe, as a great many other people have done, that the friar
lands can be sold in larger quantities than the public lands?
Mr. Worcester. That is the fact, sir.
Mr. Jones. So that if Congress were to accept the view that you
have expressed here, and take off the limitation as to the public lands,
and give you the same free hand as to the public lands that you have,
or have taken, as to the friar lands, then you could dispose of the
public lands to these people just as well as you can dispose of these
friar lands?
Mr. Worcester. Just as well, and probably in considerable quan-
tity. However, we have not asked that Congress should be quite so
liberal as that with us. We have asked that they should raise the
limit.
Mr. Jones. You think, to 10,000 acres?
Mr. Worcester. I think that would answer very well. I think
15,000 would be better and safe.
Mr. Madison. I want to ask you a question: You regard these
public lands as primarily the property of the Filipino people, do you
not — both the friar lands and the strictly-speaking public lands?
Mr. Worcester. Under the law as passed, which makes it possible
for us to sell the lands and turn the money into the treasury of the
Philippine Islands; yes.
Mr. Madison. But looking at it from a broader viewpoint than
that : When the American Army took possession of that country, it
found a land that was the natural heritage of the Filipino. That is
true, of course. The disposition of the American Government has
been, of course, to preserve that land for the Filipino ?
Mr. Worcester. I consider, sir, that the broad policy of the Gov-
ernment should be to administer the public lands of the Philippine
Islands in such a w^ay as to promote the interests of all the people of
the Philippines.
Mr. Madison. Principally and primarily of the Filipino?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 547
Mr. Worcester. I must call your attention to the fact that we
ordinarily use the word " Filipino " in referring to the civilized and
Christianized inhabitants of the islands, and that I use it in that
sense in this testimony. Such people make up about seven-eighths of
the population of the islands. The remaining eighth is non-Chris-
tian and wild, and holds territory over which the Christian natives
have never exercised any control. I do not wish to be understood as
saying that we should so administer the lands as to promote the
benefit of any section of the population there, whether Christian or
non-Christian.
Mr. Madison. Oh, certainly not.
Mr. Worcester. But I do think that we should use those lands in
such a way as to promote the prosperity of the country at large; and
that the interests of all of the inhabitants there, whether American,
European, Christian native, or non-Christian native, are practiciilly
identical. What makes for a prosperous country will make for the
interests of the individuals who inhabit it.
Mr. Madison. All right. We have been endeavoring to educate
those people; have we not?
Mr. Worcester. We have indeed, sir.
Mr. Madison. What success have we attained in that respect-
just briefly? I do not want to prolong this examination.
Mr. Worcester. You refer to the result of the school system?
Mr. Madison. Yes; the result of the school system, and generally
to the teaching to those people of our ideas and our theories of gov-
ernment and our civilization; not alone the matter of teaching them
in schools, but our contact with them. We have been generally en-
deavoring to improve them and uplift them and add to their civiliza-
tion. Very briefly, now, what has been the result, in the 12 years we
have been there ?
Mr. Worcester. Very briefly, it has been as follows, beginning at
the bottom: We have established a system of primary schools, which
extend throughout the territor}?^ of the Christian natives; and we
have been supplementing that by a system of secondary schools cor-
responding to our high schools, which are now available in a consid-
erable number of provinces.
English is very much more generally spoken in the Philippine
Islands to-day than Spanish ever was. and in any ordinary pro-
vincial town you will find a group of intelligent young men and
young women who will readily discuss with you in your own language
any subject which may reasonably come within the ken of such young
people.
In Manila you will find a normal school where both young men
and young women are being trained very successfully as teachers.
In the Philippine General Hospital you will find young women
serving as trained nurses side by side with American trained nurses,
and doing their work quite as well as many of the American trained
nurses do. The experiment of training Filipino women as nurses
is a pronounced success.
You will find there, also, a medical school where young men are
being given really adequate training in medicine and surgery. While
we have not yet had much opportunity to try them out, it is my
firm conviction that the experiment will result in success, and that
we shall be able to train on the ground men and women who will
548 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
not only be good doctors and surgeons, bnt will successfully aid
us in carrying out the general sanitary work of the islands.
You will find in connection with the bureau of lands a special
technical school for the training of surveyors, designed to bring up
Filipinos to replace the Americans w^ho are doing that work to-day.
This effort is meeting with a very fair degree of success.
In the wild men's country you will find that head-hunting has been
checked throughout almost its entire extent, and that we are teach-
ing the people industrial w^ork and a little English. We are teach-
ing them things that are useful to them, so that we make them
better wild men instead of training them up in such a way that they
are useless to their own people and useless to anyone else.
In connection with the educational work for the Filipinos in the
lowlands, you will find that em^phasis is being laid on industrial and
agricultural training, so that we may not simply train up a large
body of persons fit only for clerks and desirous only of feeding at
the public crib. It is our aim rather to make better citizens of the
Filipinos — people who will be better farmers, better mechanics, and
who, in general, will be able to earn their own living to advantage.
You will find, on the whole, the friendliest relations between
Americans and Filipinos where they come in contact with each
other.
Mr. Madison. In the matter of the desire to acquire property, and
to own it, and to deal in property, what if any change has taken
place?
Mr. Worcester. Very little, sir. The Filipino is strongly attached
to his own home. At the same time, he is indisposed to mix in affairs
which he does not understand. So long as he is alloAved to continue
to occupy without molestation the land upon which he has settled, I
can not see that at present there is much prospect of his becoming
greatly interested in acquiring title to it.
Mr. Madison. What do you think about the succeeding generation?
You have given us a very interesting description of the improvement
these people are making, and it seems to me that it will be bound to
tell upon the succeeding generation. Knowing, as you do, the char-
acteristics of the people, what effect do you think these things are
going to have upon the succeeding generation in the matter of a desire
to acquire property, get title to land, and improve their condition
along these lines?
Mr. Worcester. I must say, sir, that I am neither a prophet nor
the son of a prophet.
Mr. Madison. I simply ask you generally, and you can answer me
briefly as to your opinion about the matter. I do not care to go into
it extensively.
Mr. WoRCESiTSR. My training has fitted me to deal with facts
rather than to indulge in theories, but I believe the condition of the
people in that regard as a whole will improve. Every time a gradu-
ate of one of our better schools goes back home there is a tendency
toward the uplifting of the household to which that individual re-
turns. Girls who have been at the normal school are not content to
continue to live as they perhaps used to live. The civilization of
the families from which they come is already such that the gap is
not a large one. It is not like the going home of Indian girls in this
country, for instance, where the conditions to which they go are
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 549
wholly different from those to which they have become accustomed.
It is a question of a little improvement. They are not educated away
from their own people at all, but they have new ideas, and the people
assimilate those ideas. I think conditions will improve as time
goes by.
Mr. Madison. Ultimately, then, they will have a desire to acquire
these rich lands and to improve them themselves?
Mr. WoECESTER. I think they will, sir.
Mr. Madison. That is all.
The Chairman. Mr. AVorcester, in reply to Judge Crumpacker,
you stated that at the present rate of sale it would take a long time
to realize from the sale of public lands sufficient to pay these friar-
land bonds. Have you any idea how^ long it will take?
Mr. Worcester. I have not, sir ; but I shall be glad to furnish you
information on that subject.
(Mr. Worcester subsequently made the following statement:)
I misunderstood the question of the chairman, although it would
appear from the record that there was no reason why I should have
done so. I got the idea that he was inquiring as to the time which
it would take to retire the friar-land bonds covering the cost of the
San Jose estate. It is, of course, evident to everyone that the whole
issue of friar-land bonds could never be paid off with the funds de-
rived from public lands at anything like the present rate. The re-
ceipts from public lands for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1910, w^ere
as follows:
Homesteads $3, 547. 00
Sale of public land 925.68
Interest 2. 15
Sale of mineral lands 1,376.72
Leases of public lands 966. 8S
Leases and bonus reclamation areas 4,647.87
Baguio town-site sales 4,218.25
Total receipts, public-land disposition 15,6^4.55
The annual interest on friar-land bonds is 289,000.00
The estimated annual administration expense for the next ten
years is 25,000.00
The average annual expense to the Philippine Government on ac-
count of friar lands for the next ten years will be 305, 000. 00
As the receipts of all sorts derived from public lands during the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1910, totaled but $15,684.55, and as the
interest alone on the friar-land bonds during the same period
amounted to $280,000, it would seem quite evident that the prospect
of paying the interest on these bonds and of retiring the bonds them-
selves when due from the income derived from public lands is, to say
the least, net flattering.
The Chairman. I have here a statement, found on page 76 of the
hearings, from which it appears that the total number of sales of
public lands down to September 1, 1910, was 62, covering a total
area of 14,790 acres. At about what price per acre were they sold, if
you can tell ?
Mr. Worcester. Practically without exception they will prove to
have been sold at the minimum rate authorized by law.
The Chairman. And that is how much?
Mr. Worcester. $2 gold per acre, sir.
550 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
The Chairman. Then you have received about $29,000 in eight
years?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Do you say that the reason why there are not more
sales of public lands is because you are by law limited in quantity
to the sale of 16 hectares (or about 40 acres) to an individual and
1,024 hectares (or 2,500 acres) to a corporation?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I would not make that statement. The
homestead of 16 hectares is ample so far as concerns the land that the
ordinary native inhabitant of the islands to-day is likely to want.
But the sale of public lands to the extraordinary inhabitant — that
is, the man of large means and larger executive ability, who would
like to develop a plantation — is interfered with by the high limit that
is imposed. So far as the common citizens are concerned, the men
who make up the bulk of the population, the 16 hectares will do.
But when a man wants to get ahead — take, for instance, the planting
of coconut trees, which is one of our most important lines of in-
dustry. With trees at a proper distance there will be 40 trees to the
acre. On 40 acres you get 1,600 trees. The gross income from those
trees when they have reached full productivity may be estimated at
$3 a year each, of which at least a half will be eaten up by expenses.
That does not make possible a very large business, and there are to-
day large numbers of Filipinos who are more than capable of carry-
ing on a business much greater than that.
The Chairman. If an individual wanted a tobacco plantation
would he want more than 40 acres?
Mr. Worcester. Well, that would depend on his ideas as to the
amount of income he needed ; the net returns from an acre in tobacco
would be considerably greater than the returns from an acre in co-
conuts, if the season was good. They might be nil and they might
be several hundred pesos.
The Chairman. Suppose the individual wished to start a sugar
plantation. Could he do it on 40 acres?
Mr. Worcester. Not very well, sir.
The Chairman. Could he do it at all?
Mr. Worcester. A native who wished to grow sugar in a small
way, extracting it by the most primitive of the means which have
heretofore been employed, could run a little farm, but sugar can not
be commercally produced to-day on the basis of 40-acre farms.
The Chairman. Because it is produced more cheaply by the mod-
ern methods, where larger areas are cultivated?
Mr. WoRCESiTCR. Yes, sir. The maximum extraction which we get
in the case of mills anything like those ordinarily used in the Philip-
pine Islands, is 60 per cent. The extraction obtained in the modern
mills goes as high as 95 per cent and slightly over 95 per cent in some
cases
The Chairman. Of course, an individual could hardly construct
a modern mill •
Mr. WoRCES^PER (interposing). No; take the question of rice again.
It is a question of great importance to us. Last year we imported into
the Philippine Islands more than $8,000,000 worth of rice. Eice is
the breath of our people. We ought to export rice to China, but if
we are to do it we must make our labor more efficient by introducing
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 551
modern machinery and modern methods, and a man could not possi-
bly aflford to do that in connection with a 40-acre tract.
The Chairman. How many acres would he require ?
Mr. Worcester. He would require a good many. You can estimate
the return on unhusked rice as, perhaps, 20 cabans per acre, worth
from 50 cents to $1 gold. From this you must deduct the cost of pro-
duction. You can see it would take a good many acres to make an
income of great size; the number of acres required would obviously
depend on the amount a man thought he ought to make.
The Chairman. If you are or should be restricted by hiw in buying
the friar lands, in the same areas, to 16 hectares to an individual and
1,024 to a corporation, could you sell those friar lands any more
rapidly than the public lands?
Mr. WoRCESiT^R. No ; I think not.
The Chairman. Could you sell them as rapidly?
Mr. Worcester. Speaking of the vacant friar lands as a whole, no;
because of the inaccessibility of one of the greatest estates, the Isabela
estate.
The Chairman. I would inquire about the prices for the sales of
friar lands; how do they compare with the prices made for public
lands?
Mr. Worcester. They are very much higher, sir.
The Chairman. The friar lands are higher?
Mr. Worcester. Very much higher.
The Chairman. Are they any better lands?
Mr. Worcester. We have public lands just as good as any friar
lands. As a rule, however, the average of the friar lands is very hi;?:h.
While there are a few estates with poor lands, I think for the most
part the lands are very good lands.
The Chairman. Suppose we take the San Jose estate, the Isabela
esiate, and the Calamba estate; how do those lands compare with the
public lands, in quality?
Mr. Worcester. The lands on all those estates are good agricul-
tural lands. On the San Jose estate and the Isabela estate there are
very large tracts of adjacent unoccupied public agricultural lands
just as good. On the Calamba estate I can not speak from personal
knowledge; I don't know whether at the back side of that estate there
is or is not a considerable stretch of good public lands.
The Chairman. On those estates where you say there are adjoin-
ing public lands of just as good quality, at what price do you offer
the public lands for sale as compared with the price which you ask
for and get for the friar lands ?
Mr. Worcester. We offer the public lands at the low^est price au-
thorized by law, namely, 10 pesos per hectare, or $2 gold per acre.
Our constant policy has been to sell the public lands at the lowest
lawful price — unless they happened to be on the edge of a town, or
on some important line of communication, so as to make it easy to
dispose of them at a higher price.
The Chairman. Are there any public lands on the Island of Mm-
doro?
Mr. Worcester. Nearly the whole island of Mindoro is public
land.
The Chairman. At what price?
Mr. Worcester. ^10 per hectare.
552 ADMINISTRATTOK OF PHILIPPINE LANDS,
The Chairman. $2 per acre!
Mr. Worcester. $2 per acre.
The Chairman. And how much do you get per acre for the friar
land sold on that island? You may give it m round numbers if
you have not the figures.
Mr. Worcester. One thing that troubles us is that we are all the
time reckoning in hectares and then translating hectares into acres
and vice vei^:a; and so I am likely sometimes to state figures for
hectares when they should be stated for acres.
The Chairman. Give us the price per hectare, then.
Mr. eTo^ES. ^10 would be $2.50 in gold, would it not?
Mr. Worcester. No ; it is ^10 per hectare for public land.
Mr. Garrett. That would be $2 an acre ?
Mr. Jones. No ; ^10 would be $5 in gold.
Mr. Worcester. Yes ; $2 per acre.
Mr. Garrett. You said ^10 per hectare would be $2 in gold per
acre ?
Mr. Hamilton. That is quite a difTerence.
Mr. Sleeper. $6 and something per acre is the price of the San
Jose estate.
Mr. Worcester. Capt. Sleeper says it comes to $6 and something
per acre.
The Chairman. Are we to understand, then, that you got three
times as much for the friar lands per acre as you are asldng for
public lands?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; more than three times as much.
The Chairman. Do you attribute the fact tluit you are able to
get three times as much for the friar lands on the Island of Min-
dovo — three times as much as you ask for public land — to the fact
that you sell them in larger quantities than you sell public lands?
Mr. Worcester. That is absolutely the only reason I can see.
The Chairman. Judge Madison, I think, says that the public
lands were a heritage of the Filipinos. Did they not belong to the
Crown of Spain before the United States acquired them?
Mr. Worcester. They did, sir.
The Chairman. The United States acquired them from the Crown
of Spain under the Paris treaty?
Mr. WoRCESiTSR. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Do you know how the Filipinos could obtain any
of those lands from the Crown of Spain before the occupation of the
United States?
Mr. ^VoRCESTER. I know it w^as very difficult for anyone to obtain
land owing to the methods which prevailed in connection with sales.
I have known tlie same piece of land to be sold by the Spanish Gov-
ernment to two different people.
The Chairman. The Government of Spain?
Mr. WoRCES'TER. Yes, sir; I have known a small piece of land
which had already been formerly sold to be included within the
limits of a larger tract and sold over again, and in general the legal
steps connected with such transactions were very tedious, were wound
up in much red tape, and purchasers frequently held up by venal
officials who compelled the persons who wished to acquire land to
come to an understanding with them before any action was taken at
all. It was a difficult matter.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 553
The Chairman. Did the Filipinos have to buy the land from the
Crown of Spain in order to get it ?
Mr. Worcester. I could not answer that question, sir. We have
with us a man who is familiar w^ith the Spanish law^ and I would be
glad to get the information from him, but I can not tell 3^ou whether
there w^as any definite right arising from occupation.
Mr. Hamilton. Is this policy of selling public lands at the mini-
mum price provided by law for the purpose of interesting tiie people
generallj^ in the development of the country and inducing them to
have homes of their own?
Mr. W^ORCESTER. Yes, sir; I feel that we could well afford to let
the people have the land at what it actually costs us to dispose of it
there if we were authorized to do so.
The Chairman. So as to encourage them into going into industries
and building homes?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. When people come to me and ask me if
there is any objection to their settling on public land and cultivating
it, I have always told them, no. It does not hurt the Land. While
it may reduce its fertility in some instances, in others we get rid of
brush and trees, and so forth, and invariably our answer to the in-
quiry on the part of the man who wants to settle on public land, and
asks if there is any objection, is that Ave have no objection.
Mr. Madison. If 40 acres is too small for a homestead, how many
acres do you think ought to constitute a homestead ?
Mr. Worcester. I don't really think, sir, myself, that 40 acres is
too small for a homestead in the Philippine Islands. But I do think
that we ought not to fix the low limit of land which can be sold to
individuals at 40 acres. The homestead goes to the man wlio is him-
self going to live on the land and cultivate it, and 40 acres is a good
deal more than the average Filipino of the agricultural olass does
cultivate, as a matter of fact, at this time. But in order to supply
his needs, sir, and in fixing a limit which might be adequate for him,
it does not seem to me that we ought to discriminate Mgaiust the man
of larger abilities who would establish a bigger farm than that if
given the opportunity.
Mr. Madison. You would then put the public lands of the Philip-
pines upon sale to any person who desired to purchase them?
Mr. Worcester. Certainly, sir.
Mr. Madison. What limitation would you put on that?
Mr. Worcester. I would myself leave the homestead limitation
where it is; I would raise the limit on land which an individual
might purchase to that which a corporation might purchase. I do
not see why a corporation should be more favored than an individual.
Mr. Madison. And then what would you fix for the corporation?
Mr. Worcester. I, myself, w^ould fix it at 15,000 ocres.
Mr. Hubbard. Is this 16 hectares that you speak of as a limitation
simply a limitation upon the acquisition of a homestead ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes; 40 acres.
Mr. Hubbard. Do they not have to pay the same price as any other
person purchasing?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; the homestead cost only ^20, while
the ordinary purchaser of 40 acres of public land pays f^lGO.
Mr. Hubbard. That is, by occupation they could earn this home-
stead ?
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 39
554 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. Well, by the fact of occupying it they are freed
from the necessity of paying anything like what it would cost them
if they bought it outright.
Mr. Hubbard. How long do they have to occupy these 16 hectares
in order to acquire it ?
Mr. Worcester. Five years.
Mr. Hubbard. Your proposition would be, to relieve that much
greater limitation, to make purchasers of land practically free up to
10,000 or 15,000 acres?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hubbard. Any individual could purchase from 10,000 to
15,000 acres ; but a person seeking to earn it as a homestead by occu-
pation, you think the present limit should be retained — 16 hectares?
Mr. Worcester. In a way, that is my view ; I do not by any means
wish to discriminate against a man who would like to own more
land. I do not Avant to be understood as doing that. But I do think
that taking the conditions as they are, the present limitation is
adequate. That is, I do not think the ordinary man for whom the
homestead is intended cares for more land than he gets. The fact
is, the ordinary Filipino cultivates land in small tracts. He likes
to let his land rest, as he says; he does not fertilize the land, and
after he has taken off a few crops from one part he abandons that
and cultivates some other tract which has been growing rich by the
natural process. So the total amount of land he has ought to be
materially in excess of that which he is cultivating at any given time,
in order to meet his needs according to his present methods; but I
really think that the present limit of 40 acres on a homestead is
pretty ample.
Mr. Madison. Would you make any requirement as to improve-
ment in the case of the man who bought 25 acres ?
Mr. Worcester. On what, sir ?
Mr. Madison. I thought it was but fair to ask you that, because it
seems to me the proposition you stated is rather astounding; it looks
to me like it would mean in a short time the acquisition of the entire
islands by speculators. Now, then, I want to be fair with you. What
limitation would you provide in the case of a sale of 2,500 acres of
land to an individual, in the matter of improvements?
Mr. Worcester. I think that within reasonable time, liberal time,
so that he would not be unduly crowded, he ought to be made to
utilize all the land he gets.
Mr. Madison. And the same way in regard to the corporation?
Mr. WoRCEsraR. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. But with a limitation as to improvements — and I
assume that you mean a reasonable limitation; that is, that there
should be a reasonable amount of improvement carried on within a
reasonable time — you would fix the amount at the figures you have
stated?
Mr. Worcester. I would; and if you could have engaged, as we
have, in efforts to get people to take land under some of the seemingly
liberal provisions of the act, as, for instance, that in connection with
free patent, where it costs them nothing at all, and had noted the
real insignificance of the total transactions in public lands to-day, I
am sure you would realize that we are not in imminent danger of
having our lands taken up in large tracts. People have erroneous
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 555
ideas about our climate. They think there is a deadly climate in the
Philippines, where 'the white man is going to become a physical
wreck in a little while. That is not true; but still it keeps people
away. People in this country say that it is a long way to the Philip-
pines, and that they don't want their money to go over there so far
from home. That is another difficulty. Then there is the ever-present
labor trouble, the lack of the habit on the part of the Filipino of
serving as a plantation laborer in the sense that we understand that
term here, and there are other factors which have thus far, at all
events, prevented very effectively any considerable transactions in
public lands.
Mr. EucKER. Would not the uncertainty in regard to the future
of the islands or their ultimate progress, or otherwise, have something
to do with it ?
Mr. Worcester. That is true, sir. But if it is true— and I believe
it is — that we are not going to leave the interests of our citizens un-
protected in a country wliich has been under our flag — in other
words, that we would not make any arrangement there that would
expose our people to serious danger of losing their lives or being
wrongfully deprived of their property — I can not see that that is
a very serious matter. Of course if it were definitely known that
we were going to leave the islands at a fixed date, investment might
perhaps be interfered with, because people could not know in ad-
vance what the conditions would be when we left. If it were known
that we were going to stay there indefinitely, people would be as-
sured of protection. But if it were simply known, ns it seems to me
it ought to be and must be, that we are going to stay there at least
until we can be assured of a good condition of public order on our
departure and of justice for all the inhabitants and of protection
for their property rights, that ought to be sufficient ground to jus-
tify investment.
Mr. Madison. Mr. Olmsted asked you something about the public
lands being the property of the Crown of Spain. Is it not true that
immediately upon the cession of the islands to the United States
we absolutely reversed the policy of the Spanish Government with
regard to the public lands?
Mr. Worcester. Well, before I answer that question, sir, I should'
like to inform myself more fully than I have as yet as to that policy,
because I am really not
Mr. Madison. I accept that as a sufficient answer, because we want
to hurry along.
At the present time every dollar that is received from the sale of
public lands goes into the Filipino treasury, does it not?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Madison. The public lands are also thrown open to acquisition
free of cost by the Filipino people, are they not — that is, except a
mere nominal cost ?
Mr. WoRCESiT^R. Except the cost provided by law ; yes.
Mr. Madison. And that is merely nominal as compared with the
actual value of the lands?
Mr. Worcester. Yes.
Mr. Madison. That is, it is open to homesteading and where the
land is sold, as you say, the money goes into the public treasury of
556 ADMIISriSTEATION^ OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the Philippine Government; it does not go to the United States
Government, does it?
Mr. WoRCPiSTER. No, sir.
Mr. Madison. In any manner, way, shape, or form?
Mr. Worcester. No.
Mr. Madison. And it has been the policy, therefore, for onr Gov-
ernment, has it not, to treat these islands and these lands as the prop-
erty and the national heritage of the people that occupy them and
inhabit them?
Mr. Worcester. I think it has, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. In what province is the Calamba estate?
Mr. Worcester. In the l^rovince of La Laguna.
Mr. Crumpacker. How many acres are there in that estate? I
think it is 24,188, but I want to get it in the record.
Mr. Worcester. I will give it to you in a moment. [After refer-
ence to memorandum] 34, 182 J acres.
Mr. Crumpacker. The tenants, or occupants of parcels of land in
that estate, have all leased their holdings, I understand.
Mr. WoRCESiT]R. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. And the aggregate acreage of the occupants
is 7,190?
Mr. Worcester. I thndv that is correct.
Mr. Crumpacker. I got that from your report.
Mr. Worcester. Those figures were carefully prepared.
Mr. Crumpacker. You leased to Mr. A. F. Thayer some time ago,
with the right to purchase, an unoccupied tract containing 8,218
acres ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Leaving a balance of 18,775 acres unoccupied,
not leased or sold?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Who is Mr. A. F. Thayer?
Mr. Worcester. Just what do you mean by that question?
Mr. Crumpacker. Well, whereabouts does he live?
Mr. Worcester. We don't know; he has disappeared.
Mr. Crumpacker. Where did he live at the time that he negotiated
this lease?
Mr. Worcester. In Manila.
Mr. Crumpacker. Wluit was his business?
Mr. Worcester. He I'epresi^nted himself as an agent for Mr. Dil-
lingham, of Honolulu, I am informed. I never met Mr. Thayer but
once, and never talked business with him at all.
Mr. Crumpacker. You never discussed the subject of the lease and
purchase of the land with him?
Mr. Worcester. I never did.
Mr. RucKER. Judge Crumpacker, will you let me interject just a
word ? I inquired something in regard to Mr. Thayer, and from my
questions it would probably be inferred that I understood that he
was a nephew of a United States judge, now on duty in China, and
was also from Colorado. I have since ascertained that that was a
mistake. I thought it was the same person, but this Mr. Thayer is an
entirely different individual.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was the lease made to Mr. Thayer himself?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 557
Mr. WoRCESi^R. I think that the land on the Calamba estate was
leased directly to a Mr. Thayer. There were a number of parcels of
land and property, a number of leases. Capt. Sleeper can give you
the details in regard to that.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did Mr. Thayer make application for any more
of the land than that covered by the lease?
^ Mr. Worcester. I can not tell you, sir ; but I can get the informa-
tion for you.
Mr. Crumpacker. Could he have gotten the entire unoccupied por-
tion of that estate if he had made proper application and complied
with the conditions fixed by law?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has he exercised the right to purchase the land
up to date?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What do you know, if anything, about Mr.
Dillingham, more than he is a sugar man in Honolulu ?
Mr. Worcester. I barely met Mr. Dillingham years ago. T think
I met him in 1900 in passing through Honolulu. I have really no
personal acquaintance with him at all.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did you make any inquiry of Mr. Thayer re-
specing the purpose for which he desired to lease and purchase a por-
tion of that estate ?
Mr. Worcester. I never talked with Mr. Thayer about the trans-
action at all. He was introduced to me as a man who was looking
for sugar land, but he was never in my office, even, so far as I can
recollect.
Mr. Crumpacker. How long had he lived in Manila before he ap-
plied for this lease ?
Mr. Worcester. I understand that he began to look over the friar
lands shortly after he arrived, and applied for a lease as soon as he
had satisfied himself that there was something there which he wished
to obtain.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was he engaged in any business in Manila?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir ; I think not.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the state of his business aifairs now, if
you know?
Mr. Worcester. If I may be permitted to introduce a little hearsay
matter here, for the sake of giving a clear record, T will make this
statement: On our recent trip from Manila Mr. Carpenter talked
in Honolulu with Mr. Walter Dillingham, who stated that Mr.
Thayer had never been authorized by him to do what he had done;
that Mr. Thayer had been authorized only to investigate and report
as to sugar lands in the Philippine Islands. I understand that Mr.
Thayer himself represented that he had been authorized by Mr. Dil-
lingham to purchase lands, and that he showed letters purporting to
be from Mr. Dillingham, containing such authorization. Mr. Dil-
lingham stated to Mr. Carpenter that these letters, or some of them,
were forgeries, and that even the letterheads on which they w^ere
written had been prepared in Manila and were not his letterheads
at all. At all events, Mr, Thayer proceeded to lease these lands and
to incur various expenses in connection with them. He seems to
have obtained his money for those expenses from unsuspecting citi-
zens of Manila itself. He disappeared from view, leaving a large
558 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
number of mourning creditors, who took legal steps to secure any
rights which he might have in these estates, with a view primarily to
reimbursing themselves for their losses.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did he do any work on the leasehold?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know. The newspapers stated that he
had begun work, but I am not of such a confiding nature as Mr.
Martin is, and I do not always take newspaper statements at their
face value.
Mr. Crumpacker. Where is the Tala estate located; in what
Province ?
Mr. WoRCESi^R. The Tala estate is located in the Province of Rizal.
Mr. Crumpacker. And that contains an area of about 17,000 acres?
The Chairman. Sixteen thousand seven hundred and forty acres.
Mr. Worcester. Sixteen thousand seven hundred and forty acres;
that is correct.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know what the cost price of that was
to the Government?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; it cost $112,054.33.
Mr. Crumpacker. That is something over $6 an acre.
The Chairman. That is $0.69 an acre.
Mr. Crumpacker. Special lease was made with the right to pur-
chase of the unoccupied portion of the estate to Frank W. Carpenter?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What official position did Mr. Carpenter hold
at the time he applied for the lease?
Mr. Worcester. I think he was still assistant executive secretary
at the time he applied for it; he has since been made executive
secretary.
Mr. Crumpacker. What are the duties of the executive secretary,
in a general way ?
Mr. Worcester. The most important duties of the executive secre-
tary are in connection with the affairs of government of Provinces
and municipalities. His office also transmits or jfiles, as the case may
be, the correspondence of the Government; it keeps the Government
archives.
Mr. Crumpacker. It corresponds in a way to the functions of the
Secretary of State in the States here, the custodian of public docu-
ments and records?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; but really the most important work of
the executive secretary is to keep the provincial and municipal gov-
ernments running smoothly.
Mr. Crumpacker. What degree of control does he have — discre-
tionary power — over municipal officers ?
Mr. Worcester. A very limited degree of control.
Mr. Crumpacker. What, if any, discretionary authority has he in
connection with the general government there?
Mr. Worcester. Oh, he has none, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has he anything to do at all with the adminis-
tration of public lands ?
Mr. Worcester. Absolutely nothing to do with the administration
of any lands.
Mr. Crumpacker. What relation does his office bear to that of
secretary of the interior down there ?
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 559
Mr. Worcester. None whatever, sir; he is not under my control
in any way and he has nothing to do with the affairs of my depart-
ment. I transmit my letters through his office when I send them out,
in order that he may file the retained copies, and much of the corre-
spondence that comes to my office comes through his office for the
same reason ; but it simply passes through, with a view to making it
possible for us to keep complete records.
Mr. Crumpacker. His relations to your office are purely ministerial,
then?
Mr. WoRCESTEK. Absolutely so. He is under the executive control
of the governor general, and he has no control whatever over my office.
Mr. Crumpacker. Does all the correspondence of your office go
through the office of the executive secretary ?
Mr. WoRCESTEK. I send out all my letters through that office so that
the retained copies may be filed, except in case of urgent necessity,
when I send letters direct and transmit copies to the executive secre-
tary's office for filing.
Mr. Crumpacker. All communications by mail to your office first
go through his office ?
Mr. Worcester. Communications from the outside would come to
my office direct, but communications from the secretaries of other
departments — in other words, government correspondence — would
come to my office through the executive secretary's office, in the normal
course of events.
Mr. Crumpacker. You know about the facts of his applying to the
proper authorities down there to apply for this lease to engage in
business ?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Carpenter discussed the matter with me before
he took it up, and asked me whether I saw any possible objection to
his engaging in that enterprise. I told him that I did not see any
objection to it. Indeed, I encouraged him to go into it.
Mr. Crumpacker. Did he procure formal authority to engage in
any business outside of his official work ?
Mr. Worcester. He procured authority from the governor general
to engage in this enterprise.
Mr. Crumpacker. (Jn condition that it did not interfere with his
official duties?
Mr. Worcester. That condition is always introduced or under-
stood. As a matter of fact, it has never interfered with his official
duties.
Mr. Crumpacker. The lease that was issued to him was a special
leafse ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. And what is termed a progressive lease?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. It contains a number of conditions?
Mr. Worcester. It does.
Mr. Crumpacker. Upon whose suggestion was it put in the form
of a progressive lease?
Mr. Worcester. The director of lands discussed with Mr. Car-
penter the arrangement which was ultimately effected, and Mr. Car-
penter also discussed with me those special conditions. He is a man
who is always very careful about the possible interpretation that
might be put upon his actions and he took up with me personally
560 ADMINISTKAriON OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
the question of the propriety of the special conditions which were
inchided there.
Mr. Crumpacker. The lease included all the unoccupied lands on
the Tala estate, but as I recollect it it provided that he should execute
a lease for a certain number of hectares the first year, an additional
number the second, and an additional number the third, and so on.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. At whose suggestion was that graduated pro-
vision put in? Was that Mr. Carpenter's desire or was that put in
by your department?
Mr. Worcester. That was our desire, sir. We wanted to get the
land leased. Mr. Carpenter's original idea was to take up a small
tract. He became somewhat interested in a circular of the bureau of
agriculture relative to the profits to be derived from the raising of
kapok and planned to put in kapok out there.
Mr. Crumpacker. Please state, now, if the tracts that he was nego-
tiating for under this progressive arrangement were the subject of
any conversation between you.
Mr. Worcester. Between us?
Mr. Crumpacker. Yes; between your department and Mr. Car-
penter.
Mr. Worcester. I think not, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. May I interrupt a second?
(Informal procedure followed, and at 4.30 p. m. the committee
went into executive session, at the conclusion of which it adjourned.)
House of Representatives,
CoMMi riEE OF Insular Affatrs,
Wednesday^ December 21 ^ 1910.
The committee met this day at 10 o'clock a. m., Hon. Marlin E.
Olmsted, chairman, presiding."^
The following members of the committee were present: Messrs.
Olmsted (chairman), Crumpacker, Hamilton, Pausons, iladison,
Douglas, Jones, Helm, and Eucker.
The Chairman. Mr. Worcester, we are ready when you are.
STATEMEITT OF DEAN C. WORCESTER— Eesiimed.
Mr. Worcester. All right, sir; I can now furnish to the committee
some of the information requested yesterday, which I could not then
have given without taking the time of the committee to go into official
reports.
Eelative to the importation of refined sugar to the Philippine
Islands, I find that the total imports for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1910, were 5,997,289 pounds, worth $185,648.
The question was asked as to the general use of refined sugar among
the natives. It will be noticed that this total is almost 6,000,000
pounds, and as there are at the present time approximately 8,000,000
inhabitants in the Philippines, it follows that the importation was
slightly less than 1 pound to the inhabitant. This sugar pavs an
import tax of $3 for 100 kilos; 100 kilos are 220 pounds. I will'hand
to the stenographer a table which shows the countries from which the
refined sugar comes ; 76,473 pounds of it came from the United States ;
5,586,144 pounds of it came from Hong Kong; 298,736 pounds of it
came from the Dutch East Indies. Those are the principal
importations.
(Following is the table referred to:)
Twelve months end-
ing June, 1910.
Quantities.
Values.
Sugar, refined-
United States
Tf), 47?,
750
29, 070
$4,063
81
805
United Kingdom
Germany
Spain
Netherlands
China
5.075
5,5811,144
1:52
309
298, 786
146
170, 786
5
Hongkong
Japan
British East Indies
12
Dutch East Indies
9 740
Total
5, 997, 289
185 648
As to the exports of sugar, the only sugar which we exported is
classed as sugar raw or brown. The exports for the year ending
June 30, 1910, were 207,575,559 pounds, or 103,233 and a fraction
tons.
The Chairman. That is raw sugar?
561
562
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. That is raw sugar, sir. I beg your pardon ; the
figures I just gave were those of the exports to the United States
alone. The total exports were 281,564,991 pounds. I will hand to the
stenographer a table which will give the exports by countries, so that
the committee can see to just what points this raw sugar goes.
Twelve months end-
ing June, 1910.
Quantities.
Values.
Sugar, raw or brown:
United States
Pounds.
207, 575, 559
27, 987, 014
40,252,367
5, 725, 534
24, 517
$5, 495, 797
China
645, 113
Hongkong ...
791,120
108, 043
Japan
British East Indies . .
617
Total
281,564,991
7,040,690
Mr. RucKER. Just mention the points.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. The United States leads with 207,-
575,559 pounds. To China there were sent 27,987,014 pounds; to
Hongkong, 40,252,367 pounds; to Japan, 5,725,534 pounds; to the
British East Indies, 24,517 pounds. Those are all of the countries
to which our sugar was exported.
Replying to the question as to what was the date of the opinion
of the law officer of the bureau of lands relative to the rights of the
insular government to sell friar lands in tracts in excess of 1,024
hectares to a corporation or in excess of 16 hectares to an individual,
I find that this opinion was requested by the director of lands on the
12th of October, 1909, as a result of his interview with Messrs. Poole
and Prentiss. It can not be stated exactly when this opinion was
rendered, as it is without date, but it was rendered within a very few
days of the time when it was requested.
As to the query whether that opinion antedated the amendatory
act referred to, which I understand to be the act amendatory of
the original friar-lands act and passed on June 3, 1908, the reply,
of course, is no, as it was asked for on the 12th of October, 1909.
The area of the province of Isabela is 5,018 square miles. Its popu-
lation was at the time of the last census 76,431, or 15 to the square
mile.
Referring now to the population of the towns in the vicinity of
the Isabela estate, I find that Nagilian had at the time of the last
census a population of 3,502; that Gamu had a population of
3,581 ; that the capital of the province, Ilagan, had a population of
16,008. It must, of course, be remembered that in each case this is
really the population of what we call a county here, not of a
town proper. The whole province of Isabela, practically, with the
exclusion of the territory inhabited by the wild people, is included
within the towns. You can find a virgin forest within the limits of
a municipality.
Referring now to the query as to the number of occupants on the
friar lands at the time of the treaty of Paris, we have no way of
determining what that number of occupants was. Mr. Martin has
stated that there were 60,000 tenant families on these lands at the
ADMINISTEATION OF PPIILIPPINE LANDS. 563
time of the purchase. He has obviously derived that information
from testimony given in connection with the proposed purchase of
the friar lands, and at another place in his speech he has made it
apparently clear that he considers that to be really only a part of the
persons on the estates. He estimates roughly that those G0,000 tenant
families represented 300.000 individuals.
Mr. Douglas. In what estate, the Isabela?
Mr. Worcester. The friar lands as a w^hole, sir. Apparently his
figures do not apply to the estates which we bought, because he
refers to them as applying to a part of the estates only. We find noth-
ing in the old records relative to those estates which can form a
satisfactory basis for an estimate, even an approximate estimate, of
the number of people actually there in times of peace before the
insurrection against Spain occurred. That, of course, like the in-
surrection against the United States, tended to drive the people into
the towns, away from the outlying lands, and it would have changed
normal figures. The only information which we can give as to the
actual persons on the estates is that at the time of the census of 1903
the total number of individuals was approximately 103,333. Of
course it is not true that 60,000 leases represented 60,000 lessees, any
more than it is true at the present time that the total of leases and
sales represents the number of individual lessees or purchasers. In
some cases an individual has quite a number of parcels, and it would
be a long and tedious procedure to attempt to ascertain just how
many individuals there are on the estates at the present time.
Mr. Douglas. From whence do you arrive at the estimate of
163,000?
Mr. Worcester. The estimate of 163,333, which is my estimate
of the total population of those estates in 1903, is taken from the
census returns. We take the barrios on the estates and find the popu-
lation of each barrio. That total is probably an exaggeration, be-
cause in some cases all the people of a barrio, only a part of which
lies on the estate, would be included. The barrios have no fixed limit
which shows on any map, but that would be a liberal estimate of the
total number of people on the estates at that time.
Mr. Douglas. Will you indicate as near as you can in their order,
Mr. Secretary, the most populous of those estates?
Mr. Worcester. Of the friar estates?
Mr. Douglas. Yes. I will put that as a question.
Mr. Worcester. I could not tell you, sir. Perhaps Capt. Sleeper
would be able to tell you. My personal knowledge of these estates is
more confined to the remote ones Avhich I have occasion to visit be-
cause of the obligation I am under to inspect the territory of the wild
people, and Capt. Sleeper has immediate charge of the administration
of the thickly populated estates. I think it will be easy, however, for
me to supply that information. I will try to secure it for you.
On the Isabela estate at the time the lease was made to Mr. Bruce
there were 39 purchasers who had originally been occupants. All
occupants had purchased their holdings, and the total area occupied
by them was 147.01.
'Mr. Douglas. One hundred and forty-seven acres altogether?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. That estate was practically unoccupied.
With nearly 50,000 acres on the estate, only 147 acres were occupied.
664 ADMINISTRATIOISr OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
As to the request for information relative to the public lands sold,
leased, or homesteaded in the Province of Isabela, the sales have been
two, the total acreage being 440 acres. The homesteads granted have
numbered 155, with a total of 3,701.62 acres. No public land has
been leased. The total transactions in public lands in that province
therefore, up to the present time, have amounted to 4,141.67 acres.
There were some other questions
Mr. Douglas. That includes all the public lands in the province?
Mr. Worcester. That includes every transaction in the province
since the American occupation, sir.
Eeferring to the question as to wdiether Mr. Thayer made applica-
tion for any more land than was covered by his leases, I will say no,
he did not.
The population of Cebu was requested yesterday. At the time of
the last census it was 653,727, or 337 to the square mile. The only
province in the island with a more dense population being South
Ilocos, which has a population of 398 to the square mile.
I think that is all at present, gentlemen.
Mr. Crumpacker. We were considering the Tala estate, I believe,
when the committee adjourned yesterday?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What was the situation about the unoccupied
portions of the Tala estate prior to the lease to Mr. Carpenter respect-
ing police protection?
Mr. Worcester. It had always been necessary, sir, to give particu-
lar attention to that region. It had been a rather notorious resort of
lawless characters, and there was a sort of runaway for evildoers
who were leaving Manila and its vicinity and taking refuge in the
provinces — a runw^ay which passed through that region.
Mr. Crumpacker. As to the execution of the Carpenter lease, I
understand there were a large number of applications on the part of
natives for leaseholds on that estate?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. The fact of the execution of Mr. Car-
penter's lease was very generally known to the Filipinos, and as a
direct result of that there were a considerable number of applications
from Filipinos who had not previously been occupants of that estate
or of lands on it.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether those applications were granted.
Mr. Worcester. They were granted in every case, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is the fact as to Mr. Carpenter w^aiving
his rights under the lease in favor of a native applicant for a lease-
hold?
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Carpenter has waived his rights in favor of
all native applicants who have desired to obtain land which he, under
his contract, controlled, and has caused it to be publicly known that
he will continue to do so.
Mr. Crumpacker. Do you know how many acres he has surren-
dered to native applicants that he might have held under the terms
of his contract?
Mr. Worcester. That fact has been stated by Mr. Carpenter and
incorporated in the record, sir. His figures are taken from the
bureau of lands records. I can supply them again if it is desired.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 565
Mr. Crumpacker. I do not remember having seen or read in Mr.
Carpenter's testimony whether he had exercised his option to pur-
chase yi}t or not. What is the fact about that?
Mr. Worcester. He has not exercised his option to purchase, sir,
excepting in connection with a few very small and unimportant
tracts.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether, in your opinion, when Mr. Car-
penter negotiated the lease for the unoccupied portion of the Tala
estate, the condition that police protection be given hhn by the Gov-
ernment had any elFect upon stimulating natives to j)i*ompt them to
apply for leaseholds in that estate?
Mr. Worcester. The fact that Mr. Carpenter w^ent there made
them feel safe. The mere presence of an American on the ground
gave them a feeling of safet}^ which they would not previously have
had. I do not understand that as a result of this condition in Mr.
Carpenter's lease there was any change made in the policing of that
part of the country. Mr. Carpenter wished to provide against any
change; that is, he wished to avoid in the future any relaxation in
the precautions which had been taken to make that region safe; but
unquestionably his going there stimulated others to go, because they
thought if an American could do it, they could.
Mr. Crumpacker. The disposition of Filipinos to live in groups in
villages is prompted largel}^ by the feeling of safety?
Mr. Worcester. Unquestionably, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. So that if there was adequate police protection
throughout the Archipelago there would probably be more of a dis-
position on the part of the natives to take up homesteads and locate
on farms?
Mr. Worcester. That is undoubtedly true. I have repeatedly seen
a practical demonstration of that fact. As conditions relative to
public order have improved in the wildest provinces, w^hich come
under my immediate executive control, the people begin to scatter
out, away from their villages, when they feel that they can do so
safely.
Mr. Crumpacker. And the fact that an American should buy or
lease an estate is regarded as an assurance of the enforcement of law?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. The bandits in that neighborhood are reluctant
about making raids on the property, I presume, of an American?
Mr. Worcester. Yes. They are rather a cowardly set, ordinarily,
and they make their raids upon people who are pretty defenseless and
who hardly know how to go about protecting their rights. I find, on
reference to documents, that on the 1st of July of the present year
Mr. Carpenter had given up to others 8,958 acres of land wiiich he
was entitled to lease. There have been subsequent tracts of land since
given up, but I have not the figures for those. I think, howevf^r, they
were furnished to the committee.
Mr. Crumpacker. Mr. Carpenter has given up, according to his
own statement, since then nearly a thousand acres, and he has now a
tract of over 4,000 acres ?^
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; in other words, he has given up more
than twice as much as he now holds.
566 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Crumpacker. Has there been any discrimination against na-
tive occupants, lessees, and tenants in that estate relating to the
rental of property?
Mr. Worcester. There has been no discrimination. Would-be
lessees, by which I mean Filipinos who desired to lease, were offered
the same terms that Mr. Carpenter has, and they did not care to take
them on account of the obligation to cultivate the land.
Mr. Crumpacker. How long was the application or the negotia-
tion by Mr. Carpenter for this property pending, if you know?
Mr. Worcester. I could not state exactly, sir ; but it was pending
for some considerable time. The negotiations began with a joking
conversation between the director of lands and Mr. Carpenter rela-
tive to the practicability of Americans carrying on profitable farm-
ing operations in the Philippine Islands. Mr. Carpenter, with his
intimate acquaintance with the people and his intimate knowledge
of the conditions, entertained, I am informed, views somewhat op-
posed to those of Capt. Sleeper. Mr. Carpenter had originally
planned to take up a small tract of land and had considered the Tala
estate in that connection, but there had just appeared a bulletin of
the Department of Agriculture, which is very brief, and I should
like to have it inserted in the record, showing apparently very large
profits from small expenditures in connection with the raising of
kapok, a species of tree cotton, which does not afford a textile fiber,
but affords a fiber valuable for upholstery and purposes of that sort.
The Chairman. Without objection, the paper may be inserted in
the record.
(Following is the paper referred to:)
Department of the Interior. — Bureau of Agriculture.
KAPOK.
1. What is kapok?
Answer. Kapok is a soft, silky fiber that resembles cotton. It is principally
used as a filling material for pillows, cushions, and mattresses. This fiber is
obtained from tl\e kapok tree, which grows in nearly all parts of tlie Philip-
pine Islands and is largely cultivated in Java.
2. What are some of the local names for kapok?
Answer. English, kapok, tree cotton ; Spanish, algodon arbor eo ; Tagalog,
biilac, bfibuy; Visayan, doldol ; Ilocano, capas, capasanglay.
3. How can a kapok industry be established in the Philippine Islands?
Answer. First. There are thousands of kapok trees in the islands at the
present time. A large part of the fiber which these trees produce now goes to
waste. All of this fiber should be gathered and sold. Provincial and munici-
pal oflicJals should call the attention of the farmers to the value of kapok.
Second. More kapok trees should be planted. This tree is particularly val-
uable in the Philippine Islands for the small farmer. On a great number of
Philippine farms from 10 to 100 kapok trees could be grown without using any
land that could be planted to rice, abac^, or other crops. This tree can be
planted along roadsides, in dooryards, and on waste land. It grows rapidly,
requires but little cultivation, and flourishes on dry, rocky soils. The fiber
can be gathered and cleaned by women and children. There is an increasing
demand at good prices for all kapoli that can be produced.
4. In what provinces can the kapok tree be grown?
Answer. The Icapolv tree can be profitably grown in every province in the
Philippine Islands.
5. Plow is the kapok tree propagated ?
Answer. The kapok tree is propagated either from seed or from cuttings
taken from a mature tree.
ADMINISTKATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 567
6. Where can seed and cuttings be obtained?
Answer. Seed or cuttings can be obtained in any locality where there are
Iiapolv trees. When they can not be obtained locally, either seed or young
plants will be furnished by the bureau of agriculture in Manila.
7. When should kapok trees be planted?
Answer. Kapok trees should be planted early in the rainy season.
8. On what kind of land should kapok trees be planted?
i^nswer. Kapok trees can be planted on any land that is fairly well drained.
They can be planted along roadsides, in dooryards, and in many other i)laces
where the land can not profitably be used for other crops.
9. How should kapok trees be planted?
Answer. Kapok trees should be planted in rows about 20 feet apart each
way.
10. What cultivation do kapok trees require?
Answer. The only cultivation that kapok trees require is the clearing away of
such brush and undergrowth as might prevent the satisfactory development
of the young trees.
11. How long after planting can the first kapok be harvested?
Answer. Kapok trees grown from seed begin to bear pods in two years, and
in three years should yield a fair crop. When grown from very large cuttings,
the young tree will produce a few pods the first year. Small, whiplike cut-
tings require about the same time to mature as do plants grown from seed.
12. When should kapok be harvested?
Answer. Kapok is harvested early in the dry season, at such time as the
pods are fully ripe, and when the seeds can easily be separated from the lint.
13. How is kapok cleaned?
Answer. If kapok is harvested at the proper time, it can be quickly and
easily cleaned by hand. The seeds and the pithy core should be separated
from the lint, and the latter exposed to the sun for a short time.
14. What is the yield of fiber and of seed?
Answer. One average mature kapok tree should yield 200 pods per year.
These 200 pods will yield about 2i pounds of lint and 4 pounds of seed. With
trees planted 20 feet apart, or 108 trees to the acre, the yield per acre would be
270 pounds of fiber and 432 pounds of seed.
15. What is the value of the fiber and of the seed?
Answer. Cleaned kapok of tlie best quality was quoted in New York in
March, 1907, at 14^ cents United States currency per pound, or approximately
f=40 per picul. Samples of ordinary Philippine kapok, not thoroughly cleaned,
were quoted at the same time at 12| cents United States currency per pound,
or ^34.25 per picul. In October, 1907, the price paid in Manila for uncleaned,
or partly cleaned, kapok was 1*^8.50 per picul. Kapok seed is worth from ^2
to M.50 per picul in Manila.
16. What returns may be expected per acre?
Answer. A conservative estimate of the value of the lint and seed produced
by 1 kapok tree per year is M).50. With approximately 100 trees per acre, the
returns per acre would be f^r>0, or tF125 per hectare.
17. What are the prospects for kapok in the Philippine Islands?
Answer. The production of kapok is an industry that might be widely ex-
tended throughout the Philippine Islands. This crop is one that can profit-
ably be grown on a large plantation or on the smallest farm. The planting of
kapok trees requires but little capital, a small amount of labor, and no cara-
baos. The trees require practically no care, and flourish on the poorest soils.
Kapok is a product the demand for which is constantly growing, and the prices
paid for this fil)er are higher at the present time than ever before.
Two things are essential in order that the kapok industry in the Philippine
Islands be placed on a satisfactory basis: First, all of the kapok now produced
in the islands, instead of being allowed to go to waste, should be gathered,
carefully cleaned, and placed on the market, so that a demand may be estab-
lished for Philipinne kapok; second, the planting of kapok trees should be en-
couraged throughout the provinces.
H. T. Edwards, Fiber Expert.
Mr. Worcester. The planting of this tree involves relatively small
expense. It is a tree that grows half wild in the Philippines, and,
once established, it does not require much cultivation. That also
568 ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
was one of the things which Mr. Carpenter tells me influenced him
in taking up this land; and in fact he has planted kapok in quite
large quantities.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was the proposition to lease this estate to him
widely discussed ?
Mr. AVoRCESTER. It was very generally discussed. Mr. Carpenter
took it up with the Governor General and he took it up with me.
I have mentioned his discussion of it with the director of lands, but
it is known to me personally from statements made by Filipinos that
he also discussed it quite freely with Filipinos of varying political
opinions to see if anyone could see any objection to it; and from
that day to this there has never been, to my knowledge, the slightest
objection made on the part of anybody in the Philippines, either
prior to or subsequent to the preferring of these charges by Mr.
Martin.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was Mr. Carpenter a man of considerable
means wdien he negotiated this lease?
Mr. Worcester. I could not say whether he was or was not. He
had been employed by the Insular Government and previously by
the military government, holding responsible positions, which paid
reasonable salaries, and liis method of living was always economical.
I have no personal knowledge of his private means.
Mr. Crumpacker. What is his salary now?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know, sir; but I will ascertain.
Mr. Crumpacker. State whether or not Mr. Carpenter is held in
high esteem by the people generally of the islands.
Mr. Worcester. I know of no American who is more universally
popular with the Filipinos than Mr. Carpenter.
Mr. Crumpacker. The duties of his ofHce bring him in contact
with people in almost all the provinces, do they not?
Mr. Worcester. That is true, and it has long been true. Pre-
viously, when he w^as serving as assistant executive secretary, that
portion of the work which related to the affairs of municipalities and
provinces was assigned especially to him. His office is full all day
of Filipinos, representing practically every walk in life. The peo-
ple from the highest to the lowest come to his office. He has been
a sort of guide, counselor, and friend for Filipinos who were in
trouble, and they all feel that they can go to him.
Mr. Crumpacker. Was there any criticism of the lease to Mr.
Carpenter by any of the newspapers in Manila or anywhere else in
the archipelago?
Mr. Worcester. I had never heard criticisms of that lease from any
source until I read the account of Mr. Martin's speech, or of his ac-
tivities on the floor. Prior to the time that his final speech was de-
livered there may have been accounts of those activities sent out.
Mr. Crumpacker. Have other American clerks and employees in
the public service leased or purchased any friar land or public land?
Mr. Worcester. Not to any very considerable extent, sir. I think
that Capt. Sleeper has been asked to prepare, and has prepared, a
list of the Americans who have purchased friar lands
Capt. Sleeper. Public lands.
Mr. Worcester. It would be easy, if you desire, to have a list made
up showing what Americans had purchased or leased friar lands.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 569
Mr. Crumpacker. Will you state if those are chiefly in the public
service ?
Mr. Douglas. You mean American officials?
Mr. Crumpacker. Yes ; American officials in the public service.
Mr. Worcester. You would like such a list, sir ?
Mr. Crumpacker. I would like to know if there was a considerable
number of sales or leases of friar lands to American officials and
others in the public service.
Mr. Parsons. So far as the leases of public lands are concerned,
those are covered by Capt. Sleeper on page 460 of the hearings.
Mr. Crumpacker. Are the American contracts segregated?
Mr. Parsons. It gives the office held by each person.
Mr. Worcester. I ought to say in that connection that investment
in lands by employees of the Government in the Philippines has been
encouraged, not discouraged. We believe that it tends to the stabil-
ity of the service to have employees obtain reasonable interests there,
and this policy is in harmony with the strong effort which has been
made to interest anyone who could be persuaded to take up some of
the enormous areas of rich agricultural lands which at present lie
vacant there and cultivate them, or cause them to be cultivated.
Mr. Crumpacker. Outside of the Carpenter lease, state if those
lands that were purchased by clerks, officers, and employees in the
public service were small areas?
Mr. Worcester. I am not aware that any of them have been of
such an extent as to attract the attention of anyone.
Mr. Crumpacker. And those leases were made by clerks, officers,
and employees who were in the classified service, mainly?
Mr. Worcester. Largely.
Mr. Crumpacker. Now, there was a lease of public lands, some
2,400 and some acres, to Mr. E. L. Worcester?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. What are the facts in connection with that
lease ?
Mr. Worcester. The statement was originally made by Mr. Martin
that that was a lease for a 3,000-acre tract. Inasmuch as the largest
amount which may be lawfully leased to any individual is 1,024
hectares, or approximately 2,500 acres — slightly more — such a lease
would have been illegal. In point of fact the lease w^as for 2,443.46
acres. The lease was an ordinary lease for public lands, made out
on the usual blank form. It carried with it no special privilege of
any sort whatever, and did not differ in any particular from any
one of the other several leases for public lands in large tracts which
have been made.
Mr. Crumpacker. E. L. Worcester is a nephew of yours?
Mr. Worcester. E. L. Worcester is my nephew, sir.
Mr. Crumpacker. He is an American citizen?
Mr. Worcester. He is an American citizen.
Mr. Crumpacker. And now lives in the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Worcester. He noAv lives in the Philippine Islands. When it
became known to me tliat my nephew proposed to apply for the privi-
lege of leasing that tract, 1 thought it would be better if I did not
have anything whatever to do with the transaction, and I suggested
to the director of lands that he refer the matter directly to the
Governor General and have him act on it, so that I might not need to
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 40
570 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
take any action at all. The papers were sent to my office during my
absence, with a note from the director of lands to my private secre-
tary, in which he raised the point that, under the law, it was neces-
sary for me to act. I therefore on my return approved the lease,
which my nephew had a right to insist that I do, but in view of the
fact that he was my nephew I sent the papers to the Governor Gen-
eral instead of returning them, as I should in any ordinary case have
done, directly to the director of lands, and I placed on them the fol-
lowing indorsement:
In view of the fact that the lessee in this instance is a nephew of the secre-
tary of the interior, the fact of the issuance of this lease is called to the atten-
tion of the Governor General so that no claim may ever be made that due pub-
licity did not attach to it. The rental charged is that which has been charged
invariably for public land of similar character.
This is not the only precaution which was taken to insure publicity
for that transaction. An advertisement of it was posted on the
bulletin board of the bureau of lands, and I offer in evidence a copy
of the notice and the certificate of the director of lands that it was
posted on the bulletin board of the bureau of lands from the 15th of
May, 1908, until the 2d of July, 1908, both dates inclusive:
Government of the Philippine Islands,
Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Lands,
Manila, May 9, 1908.
notice of application to lease public lands.
The undersigned hereby gives notice that he will, on the 2nd day of July,.
1908, file with the director of lands, Manila, P. I., an application for a lease
to the following-described public land :
Starting at a stake twenty-five meters south of cart road from Cabanatuan
to Cabucbucan, at the point known as " Mataas ng- Cahoy," about ten miles
from Cabanatuan, running north 2,800 meters to stake; thence east 800 meters
to stake ; thence north 400 meters to stake near stream Mudcong ; thence east
800 meters to stake ; thence south 2,000 meters to stake ; thence west 400 meters
to stake ; thence south 800 meters to stake ; thence west 400 meters to stake ;
thence south 5,600 meters to stake: thence southwest 1,610 meters to stake;
thence northwest 1,501 meters to stake; thence north 2,330 meters to stake;
thence east 400 meters to stake; thence north 2,870 meters to point of begin-
ning. Situate in the Barrio of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Prov-
ince of Nueva Ecija, Island of Luzon, Philippine Islands. Containing an area
of 988 hectares and 2 areas.
E. L. Worcester,
Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija.
(Post-office address.)
All claims to the above-described land must be filed in the bureau of lands,
Manila, P. I., by twelve o'clock noon on the 2nd day of July, 1908.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas,
Departmento del Interior,
Oficina de Teruenos,
Manila, 9 de Mayo de 1908.
aviso de soltcittjd para arrendar terrenos del estado.
Por el presente hace saber el Infrascrito, que el dla 2 de .Inlio de 190S,
presentara al Director de Terrenos en Manila, I. F., una solicitud pidiendo el
arrendamiento del terreno agricola del estado, descrito ^ continuacion :
Partiendo de una estaca que se halla al sur 25 metros deja carretera de
Cabanatuan a Cabucbucan en el punto denominado ** Mataas ng Cahoy," unos
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 571
diez millas de Cabanatuan ; desde dicho piinto N. 2,800 metros ^ nn estaca ;
de alli E. 800 metros li una estaca ; de alli N. 400 metros a una estaca ; cerca
del arroyo denominado Mndcong; de alli E. 800 metros ^ una estaca; de allf
S. 2,000 metros a una estaca; de alli O. 400 metros a una estaca; de alli S. 800
metros a una estaca ; de alli O. 400 metros a una estaca ; de alli S. 5,000 metros
6 una estaca; de alli SO. 1,610 metros a una estaca; de alli NO. 1,501 metros 0.
una estaca ; de alli N. 2,330 metros Ti una estaca ; de alli E. 400 metros (i una
estaca; de alli N. 2,870 metros al punto de partida situado en el B;irrio de
Cabucbucan, municipio de Bongabon, Provincla de Nueva Ecija, Isla de Luzon,
Islas Filipinas. Comprende una extension superficial de 988 hectareas y 2
areas.
E. L. Worcester,
Gahanatuan, NueAm Ecija.
(Diroccidn Postal.)
Todas las reel amaci ones adversas sobre el terreno arriba descrito deben ser
presentadas en la Oficina de Terrenos en Manila, I. F., antes de las doce del
dia 2 de Julio de 1908.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director de Terrenos,
Department or the Interior, Bureau of Lands,
Manila, July 21, 1908.
I hereby certify that the attached notice of application to lease public lands
made by E. L. Worcester was posted on the bnlletin board of the bureau of
lands from May 15, 1908, to July 2, 1908, both dates inclusive.
C. H. Sleeper, Director of Lands.
A notice of intention to apply for the lease was also posted on the
land, as well as in what we call " the presidencia," which is in effect
the municipal building, of the town of Bongabon, in Nueva Ecija, in
which this land was at that time supposed to lie.
Mr. Madison. What Province is that in?
Mr. Worcester. The Province of Nueva Ecija, sir. That Province
is right here [indicating on map]. I submit documents, properly
attested, containing a copy of the notice and showing that it was so
published :
Government of the Philippine Islands,
Department of the Interior — Bureau of Lands,
Manila, May 9, 1908.
notice of application to lease public lands.
The undersigned hereby gives notice that he will on the 2nd day of July,
1908, file with^he Director of Lands, Manila, P. L, an application for a lease
to the following-described public land :—
Starting at a stake 25 meters south of cart road from Cabanatuan to Cabuc-
bucan at the point known as " Mataas ng Cahoy," about ten miles from Caba-
natuan, running north 2,800 meters to stake; thence east 800 meters to stake;
thence north 400 meters to stake near stream Mudcong ; thence east 800 meters
to stake; thence south 2,000 meters to stake; thence west 400 meters to stake;
thence south 800 meters to stake; thence west 400 meters to stake; thence
south 5,600 meters to stake; thence southwest 1,610 meters to stake; thence
northwest 1,501 meters to stake; thence north 2,330 meters to stake; thence
east 400 meters to stake; thence north 2,870 meters to point of beginning.
Situate in the barrio of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Province of
Nueva Ecija, island of Luzon, Philippine Islands, contain4ng an area of 988
hectares and 2 areas.
B. L. Worcester,
(Signature of applicant.)
Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija.
(Post-office address.)
All claims to the above-described land must be filed in the Bureau of Lands,
Manila, P. I., by twelve o'clock noon on the 2nd day of July, 1908.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands,
672 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
gobierno de las islas pllipinas,
Departamento del Interior — Oficina de Terrenos,
Manila, 9 de Mayo de 190S.
aviso de SOLICITUD PARA ARRENDAR TERRENOS DEL ESTADO.
Por el presente liace saber el infrascrito, que el dia 2 de Julio de 1908, pre-
seutara al Director de Terrenos en Manila, I. F., una solicitud pidiendo el
arrendamiento del terreno agricola del Estado, descrito a continuacion : —
Partiendo de una estaca que se lialle al Sur 25 metres de la carretera de
Cabanatuan ^ Cabucbucan en el pun to denominado *' Mataas ng Caboy," unos
diez millas de Cabanatuan; desde dicbo punto N. 2,800 metres a una estaca;
de alli E. 800 metres a una estaca; de alli N. 400 metros a una estaca; cerca
del arroyo denominado Mudcong; de alli E. 800 metros a una estaca; de all!
S. 2,000 metros a una estaca ; de alli O. 400 metros a una estaca ; de alli S.
800 metros ^ una estaca; de alli O. 400 metros ^ una estaca; de alli S. 5,G00
metros a una estaca; de alli SO. 1,610 metros ^ una estaca; de alli NO. 1,501
metros a una estaca ; de alli N. 2,330 metros a una estaca; de alli E. 400 metros
a una estaca ; de alli N. 2,870 metros al punto de partida, situado en el barrio
de Cabucbucan, municipio de Bongabon, Provincia de Nueva Ecija, Isla de
Luzon, Islas Filipinas. Comprendo una extension superficial de 988 hectares
y 2 areas.
E. L. Worcestp:r,
(Fiima del Solicitante.)
Gahanatiian, Nue-va Fjclja.
(Dircccion Postal.)
Todas las reclamaciones adversas sobre el terreno arriba descrito deben ser
presentadas en la Oficina de Terrenes en Manila, L F., antes de las doce del dia
2 de Julio de 1908.
Director de Terrenos,
declaracion jurada.
ISLAS Filipinas,
Provincia de Nueva Ecija, Municipio de Bongahon:
Yo, E. O. Worcester, el solicitnnte del arrendamiento del terreno agricola del
Estado descrito en mi solicitud de arrendamiento No. 45, previo juranicnto en
debida forma, depongo y digo: Que una copia del anuncio adherido a la pre-
sente fue fijado en cada uno de los siguientes lugares:
1. En un lugar visible del terreno descrito en dicho anuncio.
2. En la puerta principal de la casa municipal del Municipio de Bongabon.
3. En el tablero de anuncios del barrio de Cabucbucan y quedo fijado en
dichos lugares durante el periodo de 6 semanas consecutivas, en las fechas
siguientes: May lOtli to Juiy 2nd, 1908, inclusive.
E. C. Worcester,
Solicitante.
Suscrito y jurado ante mi en el municipio de Bongabon, Provincia de Nueva
Ecija, Islas Filipinas, hoy 2nd de July de 1908.
[SEAL.] Lorenzo Kaiiukom,
Funcionario autorizado para rccihir juramentos.
NoTARio Publico,
Cuyo Cargo Oficial, inspira el 31, de Decicmbre, 1908.
Cedula personal 52501.
Fecha en que fue expedida July 2, 1908.
Sitio en que fu6 expedida Bongabon, Nueva Ecija.
Mr. Parsons. It was in the Province of Isabela?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; in the Province of Neiiva Ecija. The
notice of the intention to apply for this land was published for six
weeks, once a week, in a newspaper called the Manila Daily Bulletin.
This paper is printed in English and is a usual medium for making
known to the public at large facts relative to pro^oosed transactions
in public lands. It is the source to which the public looks for in-
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 573
formation on that subject. I offer in evidence a clipping from that
newspaper, with a sworn statement from the director, as he is called
in Si^anish, or the managing editor, I suppose you may say, attesting
the fact that it was so published :
Government of the Philippine Islands,
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Lands,
Manila, May 9, 1908.
notice of application to lease public lands.
The undersigned thereby gives notice that he will, on the 2d day of July, 1908,
IBle with the director of lands, Manila, P. I., an application for a lease to the
following-described public land:
Starting at a stake 25 meters south of cart road from Cabana tuan to Cabuc-
bucan, at the point known as " Mataas ng Cahoy," about 10 miles from Cabana-
tuan, running north 2,800 meters to stake; thence east 800 meters to stake;
thence north 400 meters to stake near stream Mudcong; hence east SCO meters
to stake ; thence south 2,000 meters to stake ; thence west 400 meters to stake ;
thence south 800 meters to stake ; thence west 400 meters to stake ; thence south
5,600 meters to stake ; thence southwest 1,610 meters to stalve ; thence northwest
1,501 meters to stake ; thence north 2,330 meters to stake ; thence east 400 meters
to stake ; thence north 2,870 meters to point of beginning. Situate in the barrio
of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Province of Nueva Ecija, island of
Luzon, Philippine Islands. Containing an area of 988 hectares and 2 ares.
E. L. Worcester.
(Signature of applicant.)
Calyanatiian, Nucva Ectja,
( Post office address. )
All claims to the above-described land must be filed in the bureau of lands,
Manila, P. I., by 12 o'clock noon, on the 2d day of July, 1908.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director of Lands.
U 19-26 J 2-9-16-23
GOBIERNO DE LAS FiLIPINAS,
Departamento del Interior, Oficina de Terrenos,
Manila, 9 dc Mayo de 1908.
AVISO DE SOLICITUD PARA ARRENDAR TERRENOS DEL ESTADO.
Por el presente hace saber el infra scri to, que el dia 2 de Julio de 1908, presen-
tara al director de terrenos en Manila, I. F., una solicitud pidieudo el arrenda-
miento del terrene agricola del Estado, descrito a continuacion.
Partiendo de una estaca que se halla al Sur 25 metres de la carretera de
Cabanatuan a Cabucbucan en el punto denominado " Mataas ng Cahoy," unos
diez millas de Cabanatuan ; desde dicho punto N. 2,800 metros a una estaca ;
de alii E. 800 metros a una estaca ; de alii N. 400 metros a una estaca cerca del
arroyo denominado IMudcong; de alii E. 800 metros a una estaca; de alii S.
2,000 metros a una estaca; de alli O. 400 metros a una estaca; de alii S. 800
metros a una estaca ; de alli O. 400 metros a una estaca ; de alli S. 5,600 metros
a una estaca; de alli SO. 1,010 metros a una estaca; de alli NO. 1,501 metros a
una estaca; de alli N. 2,330 metros a una estaca; de alli E. 400 metros a una
estaca; de alli N. 2,870 metros al punto de partida, situado en el barrio de
Cabucbucan, municipio de Pjongabon, provincia de Nueva Ecija, isla de Luzon,
Islas Filipinas. Comprende una extencion superficial de 988 hect areas y 2 areas.
E. L. Worcfs^j1':r,
(Firma del Solicitante.)
Cabanatuan, Nucva Eclja,
(Direccion Postal.)
Todas las reel am a clones adversas sobre el terreno arriba descrito deben ser
presentadas en la oficina de terrenos en Manila, I. F., antes de las doce del dia
2 de Julio de 1908.
C. H. Sleeper,
Director de Terrenos.
574 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
[Declaracion jurada. — Islas Filipinas, Provincia de Rizal, Municipio de Manila, ss.]
Yo, Carson Taylor, director del Manila Daily Bulletin, periodic© diario, que se
(diario 6 semanal.)
publica en el Municipio de Manila, Provincia de Rizal, Islas Filipinas, liabiendo
primeramente prestado el debido juramento, declaro y digo : que el anniicion
inipreso adlierido a la presente, fue publicado en diclio periodico en la edicion
ordinaria y no en un suplemento, una vez a la seniana, durante 6 semanas con-
secutivas, en las siquientes fechas Mayo 19, 26, Junio 2, 9, 16, 23 de 1908.
Carson Taylor,
Director del Periodico.
Suscrito y jurndo ante mi en el municipio de Manila, Provincia de Rizal,
Islas Filipinas, lioy, 23 de Junio del 1908.
[SEAL.] C. W. O'Brien,
Funcionario autorizado para racibir juramcutos.
Cargo OficiaL
Cedula personal No. F 1304817.
Fecha en que se expedio Feb. 3, 08.
Sitio en que fue expedido Manila.
A copy of this notice translated into the Spanish language was
published once a week for six weeks in one of the leading Spanish
papers of Manila called El Comercio. I submit a clipping cut from
that paper, showing the publication of the notice, and a sworn state-
ment from the proper person connected with that paper to show that
it was so published :
Government of tlie Philippine Islands. Department of the Interior. Bureau
of Lands. Manila, May 9, 1908. — Notice of application to lease public lands. —
The undersigned hereby gives notice that he will on the 2nd day of July, 1908,
file v«^ith the director of lands, Manila, P. I., an application for a lease to the
following-described public land : Starting at a stake 25 meters south of
cart road from Cabanatuan to Cabucbucan at the point known as " Mataas iig
Cahoy," about 10 miles from Cabanatuan, running north 2,800 meters
to stake; thence east 800 meters to stake; thence north 400 meters to
stake near stream Mudcong; thence east 800 meters to stake; thence
south 2,000 meters to stake; thence west 400 meters to stake; thence
south 800 meters to stake; thence west 400 meters to stake; thence south 5,600
meters to stake; thence southwest 3,610 meters to stake; tlience northwest 1,501
meters to stake ; thence north 2,330 meters to stake ; thence east 400 meters to
stake; thence north 2,870 meters to point of beginning. Situate in the barrio
of Cabucbucan, municipality of Bongabon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Island of
Luzon, Philippine Islands. Containing an area of 988 hectares and 2 area. — ■
E. L. WoECESTER (signature of applicant). Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, post-office
address. All claims to the above-described land must be filc^d in the l»ureau of
lands, Manila, P. I., by 12 o'clock noon on the 2nd day of July, 1908. — C. H.
Sleeper, Director of Lands.
Gobierno de las Islas Filipinas Departamento del Interior Oficina de Ter-
renos, Manila, 9 de mayo de 1908.~Aviso de solicitud para arrendar terrenes
del Estado. — Por el presente hace saber el infra scrito, que el dia 2 de julio
de 1908, presentard al Director de Terrenes en Manila, I. F., una solicitud
pidiendo el arrendamiento del terreno agricola del Estado descrito fi continua-
ci6n : Partiendo de una estaca que se halta al Sur 25 metres de la carretera
de Cabanatuan a Cabucbusan en el pun to denominado "Mataas ng Cahoy," unas
diez millas Cabanatuan; desde dicho punto N. 2,800 metres a una estaca; de
alll E. 800 metros (i una estaca ; de all! N. 400 metros ^ una estaca ; cerca del
arroyo denominado Mudcong ; de alll E. 800 metros d una estaca ; de allf S.
2,000 metros ^ una estaca; de alii O. 400 metros ^ una estaca; de alii S. 800
metros a una estaca; de alii O. 400 metros S. una estaca; de alii S. 5,600 metros
a una estaca; de alii SO. 1,610 metros ^ una estaca; de alii NO. 1,501 metros k
una estaca ; de alii N. 2,330 metros fi una estaca ; de alii E. 400 metros a una
estaca ; de alii N. 2,870 metros al punto de partida, situado en el barrio de Cabuc
ADMINISTKATIO]^ OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 575
t)ucan, mimicipio de Bongabon, provincia de Nueva Ecija, Isla de Luzon, Islas
Filipinas Comprende una extension superficial de 988 beetareas y 2 areas. —
E. L. Worcester (firma del solicitante). Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, direccion
postal. Todas las reclaniaciones adversas sobre el terrena arriba descrito doben
ser presentadas en la oficina de Terrenes en Manila, I. F., antes de las doce del
dia, 2 de Julio de 1008. — C. H. Sleeper, Director de Terrenos.
[Declaracion Jurada. Islas Filipinas.- Provincia de Manila ss. Municipio de Manila.]
Yo, Jose de Loyzaja y Ajeo, director del El Comercio, periodico diario (diario
6 semanal) que se publica en el Municipio de Manila, Provincia de Manila,
Islas Filipinas, babiendo primeramente prestado el debido juramento, declaro y
digo : que el anuncio impreso adberido a la presente, fue publicado en dielio
periodico en la ediciOn ordinaria y no en un suplemento, una vez d la scmana,
durante seis semanas consecutivas, en las siguientes fecbas 19, 26 mayo, 2, 9,
16, 23 junio de 190S.
JOSli) DE LOYZA..TA Y AjEO,
Director del Periodico.
Suscrito y jurando ante mi en el municipo de Manila, Provincia de Manila,
Islas Filipinas, hoy, 26 de junio de 1908.
[SEAL.] Antonio M. Opisso,
Notario Puhlico,
El nombramiento termina el 31 de diciembre de 1908.
Cedula personal No. 1294927.
Fecha en que se expedio, 9 enero 1908.
Sitio en que fue expedido, Manila.
Mr. Cri'Mtacker. Was E. L. Worcester ever in the public service
in the Philippine Islands?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. E. L. Worcester was offered at different
times several remunerative positions in the public service, but I re-
quested him to decline them in view of the fact that he was my
nephew. Upon an outbreak of a very severe epidemic of anthrax
among the cattle in the subprovince of La Panto, where he happened
to be at that time, he was taken on as a temporary employee of the
bureau of agriculture, and worked night and day until that epidemic
was suppressed, and then he was immediately dropped from the rolls.
I declined to approve a request of the director of agriculture that
he be allowed to continue him in the service, as I did not think it was
desirable that my nephew should be in the public service of the
Philippine Islands, and he was willing to accede to my views in
tliat matter.
Mr. Crumpacker. How long had he lived in the Philippines before
he made this lease ?
Mr. Worcester. My recollection is, sir, that he arrived there at the
end of 1903 or very early in 1904.
Mr. Crumpacker. And the lease was made when ?
Mr. Worcester. It was approved on March 15, 1909, and for-
warded to me. I can not say the exact date on which I affixed my sig-
nature; it must have been on the day that it was received, because on
that day I forwarded it by indorsement to the governor general,
approved.
Mr. Crumpacker. Of course you had no personal interest in this
lease or leasehold, direct or indirect?
Mr. WoRCESiT^R. I had no interest, no financial or business inter-
est, direct or indirect, of any nature whatsoever in that lease or
leasehold. Under the laws of the Philippines Islands that lease can
576 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
not be transferred or assigned without the approval of the secretary
of the interior, which would necessarily be a matter of public record.
Mr. Crumfacker. You had no discretion respecting the approval
of that lease under the circumstances, had you, Mr. Secretary?
Mr. WoRCESi^ER. I understand that the only discretion vested in
me was as to the amount of the rental. The lease I was under obli-
gation to grant, in view of the fact that under the law my nephew
was entitled to demand it.
Mr. Crumfacker. The rental was fixed at 50 centavos a hectare?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Crumfacker. That is the minimum rental provided in the
law?
Mr. Worcester. It is the minimum rental, sir.
Mr. Crumfacker. What is the fact as to all leases of public lands,
of unoccupied, unimproved public lands, having been rented at the
minimum rental?
Mr. Worcester. Every lease issued for public lands, which were
not in the nature of town lots, from being on the edge of settlements,
or even within settlements, has been at the minimum rate of rental.
Mr. Crumfacker. And the period, the term, was the maximum
period or term provided by the law, 25 years?
Mr. Worcester. It was the maximum term, and in that respect
the lease does not differ from others. The lessees, who have applied
for tracts of public land, have uniformly asked for the maximum
term granted by the law.
Mr. Crumfacker. The option is contained in the lease, giving the
lessee the right to re-lease for another 25 years ?
Mr. Worcester. As I remember, there is nothing in the lease itself
which confers that privilege, but the law states that the lessee shall
have such privilege.
Mr. Crumfacker. And the law fixes, I believe, the minimum
rental for the second period at one and one half pesos per hectare ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. That is the maximum rental, not the
minimum.
Mr. Parsons. For the second period?
Mr. Worcester. For the first period a minimum rental is fixed
and for the second period a maximum rental, the purpose doubtless
being to protect the lessee after he has made his improvements and
brought his land under cultivation.
Mr. Crumfacker. Oh, I had a different notion of it. About how
far is this estate from Manila?
Mr. Douglas. You mean the Worcester land?
Mr. Crumfacker. Yes ; the Worcester land.
Mr. Worcester. Roughly, 70 miles, sir ; 60 miles of railway and 10
miles of other transportation, the character of which depends on the
time of year.
Mr. Crumfacker. Are there other public lands in that same vi-
cinity, of the same general character, open to lease or purchase?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. One of the extensive tracts of available
unoccupied agricultural public land stretches to the north and to the
northeast and to the northwest for a very long distance. I am told
that a man on a horse in a day can not ride to the end of this great
plain. I have ridden northward for about half a day myself without
arriving at a place where I could see to the end.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 577
Mr. Crumpacker. I have nothiDg further that I want to ask you.
Mr, Douglas. I wanted to ask 3^ou in that same connection a few
questions, Mr. Secretary. AVhat public criticism, newspaper or
other criticism, was made of this le^.se in Maniha ?
Mr. Worcester. Well, sir; there is a difference of opinion as to
whetl^er there was any criticism. I thought there was. and I
thought that that criticism was of such a nature as to reflect very
severely on me; and the public prosecutor of the city of Manila
also thought there was.
Mr. Douglas. In the first place, what was the comment in refer-
ence to it? Was it in a newspaper?
Mr. WoRCESTiai. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. How long after this transaction was the comment
published ?
Mr. Worcester. I can tell you that in a moment. It was pub-
lished on the 24tli day of October, 1908.
Mr. Douglas. And the lease was made when?
Mr. Worcester. We just entered the date in the record.
Mr. Douglas. Yes; but I just wanted to bring the two into jux-
taposition.
Mr. Worcester. The date I gave you for the original publication
was incorrect. The 30th of October, 1908, seems to have been the
date on which this article appeared.
Mr. Douglas. In what paper did it appear?
Mr. Worcester. It appeared in the paper called "El Eenaci-
miento." I shall have to change my statement as to whether that
article could have referred to this transaction as having been con-
summated, because the lease was approved, apparently, on the 15th
of March, 1909 ; but I think that the documents there, relative to the
time when notification of the proposed transaction was made public,
will show that that was presumably the one referred to. At all
events, if I may be allowed to continue my statement
Mr. Douglas. Certainly
Mr. Worcester. When the case was brought to trial the public
prosecutor of the city^ of Manila brought suit for criminal libel
against the persons believed to have been responsible for the article,
in which appeared, among other things, the following reference :
Giving an admirable impulse to the discovery of wealthy lodes in Mindanao
and Mindoro, and other virgin regions of the archipelago, with tlie money of the
people, and under the pretext of the public good, when, as a strict matter of
truth, the object is to possess all the data and the key to the national wealth
for his essentially personal benefit, as is shown by the acquisition of immense
properties registered under the names of others.
Mr. Douglas. The person referred to there, as shown by the con-
text, was yourself?
Mr. Worcester. It was unmistakably^ shown by the context of the
article that no one else could have been intended, because it contained
references to acts which were publicly known to have been per-
formed by me and by no one else, so that there was no room for doubt
as to who was meant, although my name did not appear in the text
of the article. An effort was made in connection with the criminal
case to show that I was interested in this particular piece of property,
but later it was abandoned ; and the defense set up, before the end of
the case, the claim that the article did not refer to me. The judge
578 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
thought that it did refer to me and sentenced three of the persons
responsible for it to periods of six and six and eight mi^nths in the
penitentiary, respectively, and ordered them in addition to pay fines
of two to three thousand pesos each. I then brought a civil suit for
damages against the editors and owners of the paper, and in connec-
tion with that suit the defense placed a witness en the stand who
swore that I was known to be a man of such high character that no
one could believe that article referred to me. The judge, however,
did not think so, and he asked them to pay me $30,000 damages.
The Chairman (jocularly). The judge did not think you were a
man of such high character? [Laughter.]
Mr. Douglas. What judge tried that case?
Mr. Worcester. The judge in the criminal case was Judge Cross-
street and the judge in the civil case was Judge Jenkins.
Mr. Douglas. And the result of that civil suit was that you recov-
ered a judgment for 30,000 pesos ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; $30,000—60,000 pesos.
Mr. Parsons. What business was your nephew engaged in ?
Mr. Worcester. Prior to occupying that land ?
Mr. Parsons. Yes, sir.
Mr. Worcester. He came to the Philippines in the first instance to
endeavor to ship to the United States the bulbs of a very wonderful
wild lily that we have growing in the mountains of northern Luzon.
It was thought that it might be possible to get the bulbs here at such
time that the flowers could be had at Easter, and for some time he
was engaged in the gathering and shipping of these bulbs, but that
did not prove worth following up. He also brought Avith him some
very high-grade American dairy animals.
Mr. Douglas. You referred to some wonderful lilies; what was
wonderful in that respect?
Mr. Worcester. They are wonderful for their beauty ; it is a mag-
nificent flower.
As I said, he brought with him some high-grade dairy animals and
thought to enter that business. There is a great shortage of fresh milk
in Manila, and canned milk and other dairy products form a large
item in our imports. We had learned to protect cattle front
rinderpest. But on this importation of cattle there was demonstrated
the existence of another cattle disease there known as tick fever, which
killed all but one of them. He afterwards went into the business of
raising beef cattle, but thought best to abandon thtit because of an out-
break of another very destructive cattle disease, which can not be
eradicated without great difficulty. This disease is known as anthrax,
and it may reappear on ground where animals have had it 10 or 15
years previously — that is, 10 or 15 years after the disease has ap-
parently disappeared. As he was able to dispose of liis cattle advan-
tageously, he did so, and took up this farm, where he has been raising
rice, corn, and hogs, and planting coconuts.
Mr. Parsons. Is the land irrigated?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir ; but the land is such that no irrigation is
required.
Mr. Hamilton. Is it upland rice ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir ; but irrigation water is not really necessary
on this land, because it is partially flooded during the rainy season.
ADMINISTRATIOlSr OP PHILIPPINE LANDS. 579
He is also engaged quite extensively in the raising of hogs. It has
been found that a cross between a Berkshire hog and the native hog
does well, and he can dispose of these so-called mestizo hogs as fast as
he can raise them.
The Chair3ian. Are the razorback hogs raised there?
Mr. Worcester. The Philippine hog, the ordinary domestic Phil-
ippine hog, is a razorback; he is the original razorback, I think, and
he flourishes very well. It is a good country for hog growing.
Mr. Parsons. Does he own any other property ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Nor lease any other?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir. At the time that he arrived there the
public-land act was not in effect, and he simply occupied land in ex-
pectation of making application when the law went into operation —
in the first instance in Benguet Province and subsequently in Lepanto.
Mr. Parsons. Did he go there at your suggestion?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Why did you think it was undesirable for him to be
in the Government service?
Mr. Worces^ter. Simply because there exists this tendency to accuse
one of favoring his relatives. At the time an opportunity was olTered
him to enter the service the bureau of agriculture Avas under my con-
trol, and I did not care to have my nephew as a subordinate in that
bureau.
Mr. Parsons. Why did he go out there?
Mr. Worcester. His father and mother were getting old, and
suffered very severely from the effects of the Vermont winters, and
it was not thought that they could live long if they continued there.
I thought he might make a home for them, so as to give them the
advantage of our climate, which is well known to be particularly
favorable to old people, and, also, I thought the islands afforded good
opportunity for a young man of his practical training and his will-
ingness to engage in hard work.
Mr. Parsons. Where does he live?
Mr. Worcester. On this land, and his father and mother live
with him.
Mr. Parsons. Is he a mnrried man?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; he is married and has children.
Mr. Parsons. You stated that this land was in Bongabon and
CJabanatuan?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; it is in the two towns; at tlie outset
there was a dispute as to the boundary, as each town w^anted to col-
lect the taxes, and finally a compromise was reached by running the
line through the middle of the property, and by this arrangement
the taxes are divided between the two towns.
Mr. Parsons. Does he pay the taxes ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. How long did he occupy that land south of Bonga-
bon?
Mr. WoRCESfER. I think about a year and a half, possibly two
years.
Mr. Jones. Since this land was leased to your nephew has the
Government built any roads through it on in its direction ?
580 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; there is no real road to it; that whole
part of the country is one great flat. During the dry season it is pos-
sible to drive with a wheeled vehicle almost anywhere. When the
wet season comes on people are likely to plant rice right across the
track last used, and on account of the little dikes which they raise
the " road " has to go elsewhere the following year. There is no
permanent highway through the place.
Mr. Jones. Then, th'ere is no highway to this tract?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; it is possible, however, to go to it in
wheeled vehicles chiring the dry season, if one does not mind being
bumped around.
Mr. Jones. And no public bridges?
Mr. Worcester. The last time I went up there I had to dismount
and cross on foot a bridge in the outskirts of Cabanatuan because it
was unsafe. That is the only bridge that I remember. One fords or
swims the other streams, as the case may be.
Mr. Martin. Before proceeding w^ith another witness, I desire to
ask the committee for permission to question Mr. Worcester.
Mr. Hamilton. Before any action is taken by the committee on
that request I want to suggest that Mr. Worcester stated yesterday
that somewhere in the course of the hearing he desired to add or
incorporate a general statement of some sort.
Mr. Worcester. I would be glad to make that general statement
at or near the close of this investigation. Mr. Martin has stated a
purpose to set forth what he conceives to be the colonial land policy
of the United States.
The Chairman. We are not going into the question of the colonial
land policy of the United StaJes. We do not think we have any-
thing to do wuth that, except as we find it in the statutory law.
Mr. Worcester. Mr. Martin has, however, called attention to a
statement of the Secretary of War, that in view of the fact that
objections have been raised to the selling of friar lands in large
tracts, in excess of 1,024 hectares, no action will be taken looking to
further such sales until the matter has been thrc^-hed out in Con-
gress. After all objections that can be brought by Mr. Martin have
been stated, I should like personally to present to tlie comm.ittee the
reasons why I think it desirable that the present policy relative to
the leasing of unoccupied friar lands should be continued. I will
make that statement very brief. Before making it, however, I should
like to hear what Mr. Martin has to say on the subject.
Mr. Jones. I hope it will be the sense of the committee to permit
Mr. Martin to ask questions of the witness.
Mr. Parsons. I wisli you would turn, Mr. Secretary, to page 460
of the hearings, port 5, showing a list of all applications for lease
of public lands since July 1, 1902, in effect on September 30, 1910,
indicating the Government employees who have applied for such
leases. Are you familiar v ith these matters?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir ; I can not say that I am, except possibly
in individual instances.
Mr. Parsons. I notice that J. R. Wilson has leased 1,000 hectares
for 25 years, and that he is assistant director of the bureau of lands
at a salary of $3,750.
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir ; I know what use is being made of that
land ; it is being used to establish a coconut plantation.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 581
Mr. Parsons. ^^Tiere is it located ?
Mr. Worcester. It is about 40 miles north of Zamboanga.
Mr. Parsons. At the time the application was granted was Mr.
Wilson the assistant director of the bureau of lands?
Mr. Worcester. I can not say, but I suspect that at the time he
was the clerk of the court of land registration. I Avill ascertain.
Mr. Parsons. Where is his office ?
Mr. Worcester. His office is in what is called the Oriente Build-
ing in the city of Manila.
Mr. Parsons. I notice the first name is Ira D. Cobb, a teacher,
who was removed September, 1906.
Mr. Worcester. You will see that these are only applications; if
you were to obtain the list of applications granted, you would, I think,
find that most of these have been abandoned.
Mr. Parsons. This is a list of applications in effect on September
30, 1910, and I would therefore suppose that they were in effect now ;
they are presumably pending if not stricken from the record.
Mr. Worcester. I know Mr. Cobb personally.
Mr. Parsons. Was a lease made to him?
Mr. Worcester. I think not ; I understand that he began planting
on his land and then abandoned it.
Mr. Parsons. O. V. Wood, do you know him ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Lor en L. Day, assistant treasurer, 1,024 hectares for
25 years?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know him.
Mr. Parsons. Gabino E. Bautista, ranger, bureau of forestry, 104
hectares for 25 years ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I do not know him.
Mr. Parsons. J. M. Liddell, do you know him?
Mr. Worcester. ^Ir. Liddell is no longer in the Government service.
Mr. Parsons. Was this lease made to him before or after he re-
signed ?
Mr. Worcester. I can not state positively, but I think after he re-
signed. I do know that he never did anything on that property
before he resigned.
Mr. Parsons. Where w^as this property ?
Mr. Worcester. On the east coast of Mindoro, south of the town
of Bongabon.
Mr. Parsons. E. W. Ames, captain surgeon, Moro Province; do
you know him ?
Mr. WoRCES^n^R. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Guillermo Garcia, do you know him?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know anything about the circumstances of
these applications to make leases?
Mr. Worcester. No. sir. The applicants would have to comply
with the ordinary requirements in every case; the applications must
be posted on the bulletin board of the bureau of land-, and must
be published once a week for six weeks in two papers, one in the
English and one in the Spanish langua^^e, in the city of Manila.
They must also be ])osted in the towns adjacent to the land. Ample
precautions are taken to insure publicity for these applications.
582 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Parsons. Lewis Main, captain Philippine Constabulary; do
you know him?
Mr. WoRCESTEE. I have never seen him.
Mr. Parsons. O. B. Burrell, agricultural inspector; do you know
him?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Mindanao Estates Company, Merton L. Miller, presi-
dent ; also chief of the division of ethnology, bureau of science ?
Mr. Worcester. I know him, personally.
Mr. Parsons. Was that application granted?
Mr. WoRCESi'ER. That application, T suppose, has been granted. I
know that hemp has been planted on the land.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know R. C. Round, law clerk, bureau of
internal revenue? ,
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know L. A. Schoppe, clerk, bureau of sup-
plies ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. E. E. Christen, teacher-inspector, bureau of forestry,,
for 500 hectares; do you know him?
Mr. Worcesti']r. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The Siasi Plantation & Trading Co. ?
Mr. Worcester. I know in a general way that they are growing
rubber in the island of Lapac, directly across from Siasi.
Mr. Parsons. Lais Trading & Development Co., R. M. Shearer,
president, special agent in the executive bureau?
Mr. Worcester. I know him very well.
Mr. Parsons. Where is that land?
Mr. WoRCES^rER. I do not know where the land is.
Mr. Parsons. The Wilson Plantation Co., L. F. Patstone, superin-
tendent of department of engineering and public works; do you
know him?
Mr. Worcester. I have met him casually, but have no personal
acquaintance with him.
Mr. Parsons. Following that is a table of leases executed for
public lands during the period from July 24, 1904, to September 30,
1910. Are these in addition to the foregoing?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; I think not. I think the forms show
the applications and later the leases. No; I think they are probably
an addition to the others; these are the only leases that had been
granted up to that time.
Mr. Parsons. Do you know William J. Crampton, chief division
of inspections, bureau of customs?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. The Ohta Development Co. ?
Mr. WoRCES^FER. I do not know anything about that company.
Mr. Parsons. The Malalng Plantation Co., E. F. Cochrane, agent,
quartermaster's department ?
Mr. Worcester. I do not know him.
Mr. Parsons. In cases where these applications were granted and
the leases made to people in the Philippine service, was that done in
pursuance of the policy that you say you encouraged? You stated
that you encouraged Americans there to take up lands.
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 583
Mr. Worcester. We did everything we could to get people to take
up the lands. We have urged many of these people who have applied
for lea.ses to go ahead and perfect them. Wliat most of them are
doing is to experiment on their land for awhile with a view of de-
termining what the prospects are; they settle on the land for this
purpose.
Mr. Parsons. Do they settle on the land as squatters?
Mr. Worcester. I do not think it fair to call them that. I think
most of them mean to go ahead with the plantations if they seem
likely to prove profitable.
Mr. Parsons. Can they transfer them?
Mr. Worcester. They can transfer them, but not without the ap-
proval of the director of lands and that of the Secretary of the
Interior.
Mr. Parsons. I asked you yesterday for the plans of the Piedad
estate; have you got them?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. [Exhibits plans.]
The Chairman. Mr. Worcester, in the statement of sales at Baguio
the areas are given in square meters ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Can you tell me how a square meter compares with
an acre?
Mr. Worcester. A square meter is just a little more than a square
yard.
The Chairman. About how many square meters does it take to
make an acre?
Mr. Worcester. This [indicating the map] contains about 10
acres •
Mr. Douglass. There are 39,676 square meters in the 10 acres.
Mr. Parsons (examining map). I have asked for these maps, be-
cause I wanted to see the character of the improvements.
Mr. Hamieton (indicating map). As I understand it, these are
surveys of the occupied lands; these are actual holdings of friar
lands ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
The Chairman. Mr. Worcester, you do not malce sales there by
sections, quarter sections, and half sections, do you?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; my recollection is that the law provides
that wherever practicable the lands shall be sold in rectangular divi-
sions of 64 hectares.
The Chairman. How about the friar lands?
Mr. Worcester. The holdings are very irregular.
Mr. Parsons. I wish you would turn to page 161 of the hearings,
part 2. That is a list of leases canceled and expired during the
month of September, 1906. Do those numbers refer to parcels of
the estate?
Mr. Worcester. They seem to refer to the numbers of the leases ;
I take them to be file numbers.
Mr. Parsons. They do not refer to the parcels, then ?
Mr. Worcester. No, sir.
Mr. Parsons. Have you any statement here showing the number
of the parcels in the friar estates ?
584 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Capt. Sleeper. I have that in my office, except in so far as we are
now dividing these parcels in two or more, where different people
want different parts of them.
Mr. Parsons. I wish you would put that in the record at this
point.
Mr. Hamilton. Mr. Parsons asked for certain information from
Capt. Sleeper. Is that going in the record ?
The Chairman. Capt. Sleeper, submit that record to the clerk so
that it may go into the record at this point.
Capt. Sleeper. Yes, sir.
(The above-mentioned record will be supplied later.)
Mr. Worcester. Before we leave the matter of the Carpenter lease
I would like to introduce in evidence a statement by the district di-
rector of constabulary in reference to the condition of the road
to that estate and the work that has been done upon it, and also an
affidavit by Tomas A. Susano, Mr. Carpenter's Filipino associate,
relative to many of these matters that have been discussed, such as
the relationship between Mr. Carpenter and other would-be lessees
of the estate and the feeling of the people relative to the whole matter.
This statement is further certified to by Emilio Sanebez, municipal
president of Novaliches, Caloocan; also a statement by Antonio
Marcial, one of Mr. Carpenter's foremen. I will not take up the
time of the committee to read these statements, but I would like to
have them put in the record, so that the members of the committee
may discuss them.
The report referred to is a statement by the assistant director of
constabulary to the executive inspector of constabulary relative to the
roads. Constabulary officers are required to report regularly as to the
conditions of the roads over which they travel.
There being no objection, the statements were admitted to the rec-
ord, as follows:
June 1, 1910.
The Executive Inspector, Manila, P. I.
Sir : Referring to recent verbal request of the director, i have the honor to
state that the road from Caloocan to Novaliches, the subject of correspondence
for the last three years, is now about completed to the status of a third-class
road. In dry weather vehicles of all classes can pass over it, and it is practic-
able for carromatas at nearly all seasons of the year. The bridge at Novaliches
has been completed and makes ingress and egress to and from the town possi-
ble, which has not been the case hitherto in some kinds of weather. It is to be
regretted that the Government has not found it feasible to make this a first-
class road, but such as it is it will practically double the eflaciency of the com-
pany of constabulary which we have had there since the early days, and in
comparison is about 60 per cent better than before the work was begun. That
region is the most lawless section in close proximity to Manila, having been the
scene of outlawry even in Spanish times to the extent of making it necessary
to station there a detachment of guardia civil.
The section patrolled by that company extends from contact with the Re-
muntados on the east to Malabon and Navotas on Manila Bay, communication
across which has heretofore been almost impracticable. The road will cheapen
the cost of supplying the company and enable them to receive their supplies,
pay, etc., promptly. Eventually this opening of communication should enable
us to reduce crime in northern Rizal to a minimum. The senior inspector will
hereafter include mention of this road in his monthly reports.
Very respectfully,
J. G. Harbord, District Director.
Official copy respectfully furnished thj^ honorable the secretary of commerce
and police as the section of country herein mentioned contains some of the
" friar lands " referred to in " friar-lands inquiry."
ADMINISTRATIOIsr OF PHILIPPINE LiANDS. 585
The undersigned approves Col. Harbord's statements and concurs in his opin-
ion as to the value of the Caloocan-Novaliches Road to the public and in
particular to this bureau.
H. H. Bandholtz, Director.
[Translation.]
Philippine Islands, City of Manila, ss:
Personally appeared before me Tom^s A. Susano, of legal age, a native of
Polo, Bulacan, and resident of the village of Novaliches, municipality of Ca-
loocan, Province of Rizal, vrho, upon being duly sworn, deposed as follows:
1. That he is 44 years of age, having been born in the municipality of Polo,
Province of Bulacan, as aforementioned, and resided in the village of Nova-
liches or in villages immediately adjacent thereto during his entire life until
the present time.
2. That he has held various municipal offices under the Spanish, revolution-
ary, and American regimes in the said village of Novaliches, where he and his
ancestors from time immemorial have resided and owned agricultural prop-
erty.
3. That he is and always has been by occupation a farmer; that he is now,
and has been since January 1, 1908, associated with Frank W. Carpenter in the
agricultural venture, in the lease and purchase of certain lands by the latter
in the hacienda of Tala, on which the village of Novaliches is situated, and
has been since the date aforementioned, until now, and still is in general
charge of the agricultural property of said Frank W. Carpenter in the develop-
ment of said lands:
4. That all of said lands which were leased by Mr. Carpenter under con-
tract, at the rate of ?0.30 per hectare, were vacant and without claimant, hav-
ing been pasture and waste lands prior to the purchase of the hacienda by the
Government from the friars; that not only did these lands remain vacant after
all former tenants of the hacienda had selected the lands they desired, but, by
reason of their topographical and uncultivated condition, were considered
practically valueless.
5. That, in addition to the reasons already mentioned, the fact that the lands
in question lie in the district which from time immemorial has been frequented
by lawless characters passing from Cavite and southern Luzon to Bulacan and
northward, rendering it in the popular belief an unsafe place to have work
cattle or other movable property, proved an additional factor deterring people
from other villages who might otherwise come and locate in the district in
question.
6. That since the earliest recollection of the affiant and prior thereto, accord-
ing to the statements of older residents, the Government has always deemed
it necessary to maintain a detachment of troops or constabulary in the imme-
diate vicinity of the village of Novaliches to operate against outlaws and
endeavor to prevent depredations by them in that district; that prior to the
lease of the lands aforementioned by Frank W. Carpenter, and, although all
former tenants had selected all the lands they wished from the hacienda of
Tala, there was leased and occupied but a small fraction of said hacienda ;
7. That upon the lease of vacant lands in said hacienda by Mr. Carpenter,
the affiant, pursuant to the instructions of said Carpenter, informed all persons
inquiring the terms of said lease, and that although the contract in general
included all theretofore unoccupied lands in the hacienda, all persons desiring
to lease and purchase portions of land included witliin the terms of Mr. Car-
penter's contract could do so, he relinquishing, as he would relinquish any prior
claim he might have to the lands, provided they would take the land in rectan-
gular parcels as it lay, good and poor, so that there would not be left to him a
quantity of irregular shaped pieces and practically worthless lands ;
8. That in accordance with the policy above indicated Mr. Carpenter's
holdings in the hacienda were reduced by apparently about seventy-five per cent
(75 per cent) of his original area, and the entire hacienda disposed of; that, so
far as known to the affiant, no person desiring to secure land on the hacienda
has been prevented by Mr. Carpenter from doing so and, in fact, the affiant, in
accordance with instructions from Mr. Carpenter, has constantly encouraged
prospective tenants to lease and purchase lands on the Tala hacienda, and
transfers of rights having been made by Mr. Carpenter to Filipinos amounting
82278°— H. Kept. 2289, 61-3 41
586 ADMiisrrsTBATioisr of Philippine lands.
in some instances to large areas, and in no case has any payment been asked or
received by Mr. Carpenter for such transfers or relinquishments; that the per-
sons employed by Mr. Carpenter in the cultivation of lands leased by him are
compensated either by share in the annual crops grown on the land or by day
wages, all in accordance with the established custom and rates in the locality,
and in the event of any deviation therefrom, the rates of compensation are
more favorable to the laborer and in no instance less advantageous than those
usually paid here; that there is no commissary or store from which laborers
are required to purchase their supplies nor upon which orders for money or
supplies are given, and all payments for day labor are made promptly each
week in cash, and to share laborers in the course of and upon the termination
of the harvest, no interest being charged any laborer or subtenant on account
of advances made prior to harvest or pay day, such advances being made in
many cases, as is customary in the locality;
9. That due to the work carried on by Mr. Carpenter on the lands leased
by him and the supply by him of work cattle, many residents of the town of
Novaliches who were without definite employment have been given an oppor-
tunity which they have gladly taken advantage of with profit and satisfac-
tion to themselves;
10. That, so far as the affiant is aware, no person residing on the Tala
Hacienda, nor any other person conversant with matters there, has complained
regarding the treatment by Mr. Carpenter of his employees or fellow tenants on
the hacienda ; nor does it appear to the affiant that reasonable motive can be
found for complaint ;
11. That during the Spanish regime a passable road was maintained be-
tween the village of Novaliches and the city of Manila as a necessary means
of affording communication and supplies for the detachment of troops perma-
nently stationed at Novaliches, as well as for other public purposes; that upon
the passing of the Spanish domination the maintenance of this road was neg-
lected, due to the discontinuance of forced labor on public works, by which
method the Spanish authorities had kept up this road, as it did other public
works, with the result that in the year 1900 the road became practically im-
passable, except for pedestrians, during the entire rainy season of the year,
and thereafter the affiant, together with other persons residing in the village
and district of Novaliches, brought frequently to the attention of the authorities
the necessity of repairing the road in question, and it is known to the under-
signed that the various commanding officers of troops and constabulary sta-
tioned at Novaliches used their best endeavors to secure the repair of the road,
as being absolutely essential to insure the efficiency of the garrison there ; and
12. That the lands leased by Mr. Carpenter lie at a considerable distance
from the extreme northern end of this road, and the benefit he may derive
from the repair of the road now or for some years to come is but infinitesimal
as compared with that accruing to thousands of occupants of the haciendas of
Tuason and Piedad which are traversed by the road, the customary outlet for
produce raised on the Hacienda of Tala being to the town of Polo, province of
Bulacan, which is In entirely different direction and over a wholly different
road from that connecting Novaliches with the city of Manila, and furthermore,
no repairs have been made to the Novaliches-Polo Road since Mr. Carpenter
became one of the tenants of the Tala Hacienda.
The foregoing is a correct statement of facts to the best knowledge and
belief of the affiant.
(Sgd.) TOMAS A. SUSANO,
C^dula No. F 1259187.
Caloocan, Rizal, March 22, 1910.
Sworn to and subscribed before me, this fifth day of November, nineteen
hundred and ten.
[seal.] (Sgd.) S. Ferguson,
Notary Puhlic.
(My commission expires Dec. 31, 1910.)
(r0.20 doc. stamp.)
Novaliches, Caloocan, Rizal,
November 5, 1910.
I certify that I have read and understood all the contents of the above sworn
affidavit and, according to the best of my knowledge and belief, I find them
correct.
(Sgd.) Emilio Sanchez,
Municipal President.
ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 587
[Translation.]
Philippine Islands,
City of Manila, ss:
I, Antonio Marcial, of legal age, foreman of laborers on the land held by Mr.
F. W. Carpenter in the Hacienda of Tala, situated in Novaliches, municipality
of Caloocan, Province of Rizal, having the necessary legal capacity to make this
affidavit, of my own free will state:
1. That as foreman of said laborers I am in immediate charge of them and
pay them their wages.
2. That the wages paid by said Mr. Carpenter vary between sixty-five and
seventy-five centavos per diem.
3. That said wages are paid punctually each week and in cash.
4. That there is no system of fines or drawbacks in force against the laborers,
nor is there any plantation store or other establishment from which laborers
are required to secure their supplies.
5. That from personal knowledge which I have of labor conditions in the
Philippine Islands, and especially in the district where the plantation is located,
I can make oath that no planter or occupant of lands in the locality pays higher
rates of wages, nor equal to the maximum, of those paid by me In behalf of
Mr. Carpenter.
6. That, notwithstanding the payment of these rates of wages, laborers are
never required to work more than eight hours per day, nor on Sundays or
holidays.
7. That more laborers than are required come seeking employment, and those
employed leave when they please, without being obliged, on account of cash
advances or otherwise, to remain in Mr. Carpenter's employ.
The foregoing is a correct statement of facts, to which I subscribe and make
oath in Manila, this 28th day of October, nineteen hundred and ten.
(Sgd.) Antonio Maecial.
C§dula No. G 98176.
Manila, Jul. P, 1910,
[seal.]
[?=0.20 doc. stamp.]
Subscribed and sworn to before me this twenty-eighth day of October, 1910,
(Sgd.) Thomas Caby Welch,
Notary Public in d for Manila, P, L
My commission expires Dec. 31, 1910.
(Copy.)
IBLAS Filipinas, Ciudad de Manila, ss:
Yo, Antonio Marcial, mayor de edad, sobrestante de los trabajadores de los
terrenos que F. W. Carpenter posee en la hacienda de Tala, situada en Nova-
liches, del Municipio de Caloocan, Provincia de Rlzal, y eon la capacidad legal
necesaria para hacer esta declraci6n, de mi libre y espontanea voluntad hago
constar :
1°. Que como sobrestante de los mencionados trabajadores soy su jefe inme-
diato y les pago sus jornales.
2**. Que los jornales que paga dlcho Sr. Carpenter oscilan entre sesenta y
cinco y setenta y clnco centimes diarlos en moneda filipina.
3°. Que dlchos jornales se pagan semanalmente, con entera puntualidad y
en dinero.
4°. Que no existe en los mencionados terrenos del Sr. Carpenter el sistema
de multas y descuentos ^ los trabajadores, ni hay tienda 6 factorla de la
propiedad del repetido Sr. Carpenter 6 de la que est^n obligados a surtirse.
5*. Que por el conocimiento personal que tengo de las condiciones de la mano
de obra en Filipinas, y especialmente en la regiCn donde la hacienda se halla,
puedo afirmar que nlngtin hacendero ni arrendatario paga en la localidad jor-
nales superiores ^ los que yo abono por euenta de dicho Sr. Carpenter, ni que
Ueguen al mS-ximum de 6stos.
6°. Que no obstante el pago de estos tipos de jomal, nunca se obliga d los
braceros d trabajar m4s de ocho boras al dia, ni 0. trabajar los domingos y
fiestas.
588 ADMINISTBATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
7*. Que se presentan mds trabajadores de los que se necesitan y que se van
cuando les parece sin que est^n obligados por anticipos de dinero ni por ningto
otro medio k permanecer al servlcio del Sr. Carpenter.
Y para que eonste, por verdad lo firmo en Manila ^ 28 de Octubre de 1910.
Antonio Marcial.
C6dula personal # G 98176.
Expedida en Manila, Julio 9, 1910.
Subscribed and sworn to before me tbis twenty-eighth day of October, 1910.
[SEAL.] Thomas Gary Welch,
Notary PuUic in d for Manila, P. I,
[stamp.]
My commission expires Dec. 31, 1910.
Mr. Hamilix)n. Is the constabulary largely composed of Filipinos?
Mr. Worcester. Exclusively so, so far as soldiers and noncommis-
sioned officers are concerned, and a number of the commissioned officers.
Mr. Parsons. What proportion of the commissioned officers are
American ?
Mr. Worcester. A large proportion of them are still American.
Mr. Madison. When application is made for public lands, does the
applicant take possession immediately on making his application
and before it is granetd ?
Mr. Worcester. We have no objection
Mr. Madison. Then those who make application for lease, like
these employees of the Government did, take possession of the land
and occupy it and are recognized to have a certain possessory right,
is not that true ?
Mr. Worcester. They would be, in that event, recognized as having
a possessory right as against others.
Mr. Madison. What effort is made to close up these transactions
and grant the applications ? What time generally expires between the
making of an application and the granting or execution of the lease ?
Mr. Worcester. The effort is a personal one on the part of the
officers and employees of the bureau of lands ; we urge them to com-
plete the transactions, because we are anxious to rent the lands, but
we have never, to my knowledge, dispossessed any person who was in
occupation and engaged in the cultivation of public land, unless it
was in connection with some public enterprise ; but you will under-
stand that they must not so hold it in such manner as to interfere
with other people, and if this question should arise we should of
course be obliged to settle it.
Mr. Madison. Why don't you do that in the case of the assistant
director of public lands when he makes application for a thousand
hectares, as in this case; why don't you say to him we are now ready
to make a lease ; you must make a lease or get off the land ?
Mr. Worcester. I think that might have been done with great
propriety in that case.
Mr. Madison. Don't you think you ought to do that ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir ; I think it should be done.
Mr. Madison. I think in the case of the employees of the Govern-
ment that ought to be done ; I can appreciate the situation of the natives.
Mr. Parsons. Before they have completed their experiments to
determine whether they can do anything or not ?
Mr. Madison. I do not believe they should be permitted to hold
applications for a long period of time after the Government is ready
to make the lease. Of course, that is a matter of opinion.
Mr. Parsons. Do they pay rent?
ADMINISTEATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS. 589
Mr. Worcester. No, sir; not until the lease is executed. They
have to pay for the survey in the first instance. A survey is made
in connection with the application, and the cost of the survey of a
large tract may run from 1P200 to F500, depending on the size
of the tract. In the case of a small tract the cost may run a great
deal lower than ^200.
Mr. Douglas. They pay the cost of the survey, whether much or
little, do they not ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; ordinarily the cost is less than ^200^
but that will depend upon the size of the tract.
Mr. Douglas. Now, then, having made applications, are the appli-
cants required — without reference to whether they are American or
Filipino — to pay the cost of the survey ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Douglas. And having paid the cost of the survey and taken
possession of the property, he continues on that ground without pay-
ing rent until his lease is executed?
Mr. Worcester. I think in that case the general procedure would
be to go ahead and urge him to take out his lease, but until the lease
was executed he would not pay rent.
Mr. Douglas. Therefore as long as he can hold the land under his
application without paying rent he would do so ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; and that is just what nearly all Filipinos
and many Americans are doing at the present time.
Mr. Douglas. Now, of course you can well appreciate that in our
country, where the demand for land is great, such a thing would be
intolerable, and the reason they tolerate it in the Philippines is be-
cause there are such vast quantities of public lands ; the unoccupied
area is so great that there would be no competition for it, and it would
be better to have the lands cultivated than not.
Mr. Worcester. We hope to get the people to take up the lands,
but in province after province we find that the cultivated area is but
a fraction of 1 per cent of the entire land in the province, and we do
not feel disposed to be severe with the people who want to occupy
the land.
Mr. Douglas. Do you mean to say that the percentage of cultivated
land is so low as that — less than 1 per cent?
Mr. Worcester. In Mindoro, the cultivated land is about one-
third of 1 per cent of the whole island — I can give it to you exactly —
three hundred and nineteen one- thousandths of 1 per cent; a little
less than one-third of 1 per cent of all the land in Mindoro is under
cultivation.
Mr. Douglas. What proportion of the land in Mindoro is in
forest ?
Mr. Worcester. I can not tell you that; but nearly all of the
forest land on the island is suitable for cultivation.
Mr. Douglas. This less than one-third of 1 per cent includes
forest and miner||[ lands of all kinds ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir; the whole area of Mindoro. All the
forest lands of Mindoro are suitable for cultivation. The soil is
enriched by the falling and rotting of the leaves, and it makes the
very best of agricultural land. The natives insist on clearing these
forest lands because of the great crops they can get from them.
Mr. Douglas. Is it any evidence that the land is suitable for cul-
tivation when the percentage of cultivated land in Mindoro is so low ?
590 ADMINISTRATION OF PHILIPPINE LANDS.
Mr. Worcester. Probably tKe richest island in the whole group
is the island of Paraqua, or Palawan, as it is now called; and the
figures I give you are too high, because the figures for the island itself
would be considerably lower than are those for the Province. The
dense population is not on the main island, but on certain of the
smaller islands. In the old Province of Paraqua, which includes the
northern part of the main island and numerous small thickly settled
islands, the total cultivated area is four hundred and eghty-three
one-thousandths of 1 per cent, and in Paraqua Sur the total cultivated
area is seventy-six one-thousandths of 1 per cent. On the great
island of Mindanao, which ranks with Mindoro in the fertility of its
soil, we have six hundred and thirty-one one-thousandths of 1 per
cent in cultivation, or a little more than one-half of 1 per cent.
Mr. Hamilton. Does not this cogon grass take possession of some
of the lands there?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir. Cebu is almost covered with it, as well
as enormous areas in Luzon, Masbate, Panay, and Mindanao. In
Mindoro it is abundant on the west coast, where there are some very
extensive regions covered with it.
Mr. Hamilton. I understood Capt. Sleeper to say that the natives
would cultivate piece'" of this ground for three years and then have
to abandon it on account of this grass ; is that true ?
Mr. Worcester. Yes, sir.
Mr. Hamilton. At the same time I understood him to say, if I
understood him correctly, that it took something like three years'
time to get ground in proper condition.
Mr. Worcester. I think the contradiction is apparent, not real.
In the first case the reference was to forest land. In the second to
cogon land. When forest land is cleared, the ground is left clean,
for the forest is so dense that grasses can not grow in it. Soon the
cogon grass invades the land and then the native leases it and clears
away more forest. If he takes up land covered with cogon grass,
he first burns the grass oif and plows it again and again. One of the
great things we are doing in the Philippines now is to show the
natives how that cogon land can be redeemed. Their own imple-
ments are very crude, and with them they can not make much head-
way against the cogon grass. Now, we have shown that if the land
is thoroughly plowed and the roots of the cogon raked out and
brought to the surface, where the sun can get at them, the succeeding
growth will be comparatively light.
Mr. Hamilton. How often must a piece of land be plowed in this
process of extermination?
Mr. Worcester. Three or four times the first year, but the number
of plowings will decrease with each succeeding year. We have demon-
strated another fact; if the ground is closely pastured for two or
three years, after having been burned over, other better grasses will
take the place of the cogon.
The Chairman. It is nearly 12 o'clock, and as there is a demand
for a quorum in the House, I think we had better suspend now, if
that is the sense of the committee, and adjourn to meet on the 5th
of January, 1911, at 10 o'clock a. m.
(A motion being put, the committee voted to adjourn until 10
o'clock Thursday, January 5, 1911.)
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